OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Milecastle 51

Milecastle 51 (Wall Bowers) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY59306549).

## Description

Milecastle 51 is west of Birdoswald fort (grid reference NY59306549), at the point where the Stone Wall rejoins the line of the Turf Wall. It lies 1501m west of Milecastle 50 and 1484m east of Milecastle 52. The remains are in poor condition, consisting of turf covered foundations with traces of a ditch to the east.

## Excavations

The milecastle was excavated in 1927, 1934 and 1936. Although not now visible, excavation showed that it had two internal stone barracks buildings. It had Type III gateways.
The stone milecastle replaced its underlying predecessor, Milecastle 51TW, on the Turf Wall.

## Associated turrets

Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 51 are known as Turret 51A and Turret 51B.

### Turret 51A

Turret 51A (Piper Sike) (grid reference NY58826530) is of the type normally associated with the Turf Wall, and later replaced in stone. The turret was excavated in 1927 and again in 1970. The entrance was on the east side and a substantial platform against the north wall. Cooking hearths and rubbish were found spread over the rest of the turret. Occupation is not believed to have continued later than the 2nd century AD. The turret was consolidated after 1970 and survives to a maximum height of 0.8 metres.

### Turret 51B

Turret 51B (Leahill) (grid reference NY58386511) measures 4.1 by 4.3 metres. It was excavated in 1927 and again in 1958. It replaced the earlier Turf Wall turret. The stone turret has been consolidated and survives to a maximum height of 1.1 metres.
# Little Marys River (Illinois)

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
The Little Marys River is a 24.2-mile-long (38.9 km) tributary of the Marys River. It is located in Randolph County, Illinois, in the Interior River Valleys and Hills ecoregion,.
# 1745 in France

Events from the year 1745 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Louis XV

## Events

* 11 May – War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy – French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch.
* 9 July – War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Melle – The French are victorious in an engagement against the Pragmatic Allies.
* 14 September – Madame de Pompadour is officially presented in the court of Louis XV of France.

## Births

* 6 January – Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, French inventor (d. 1799)
* 20 April – Philippe Pinel, French physician (d. 1826)
* 8 July – Sara Banzet, educator and diarist (d. 1774)

## Deaths

* 22 May – François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French military leader (b. 1671)
* 9 December – Étienne Fourmont, French orientalist (b. 1683)
* 19 December – Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (b. 1684)
# 37th Brigade

37th Brigade or 37th Infantry Brigade may refer to:
* 37th Indian Brigade of the British Indian Army in the First World War
* 37th Indian Infantry Brigade of the British Indian Army in the Second World War
* 37th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States)
* 37th Separate Airborne Brigade of the Soviet/Russian Airborne Troops
* 37th Motor Rifle Brigade of the Russian Armed Forces
* 37th Air Assault Brigade of the Kazakh Airmobile Forces

## United Kingdom

* 37th Brigade (United Kingdom)
* Artillery Brigades
** 37th (Howitzer) Brigade Royal Field Artillery
# Fort Buenaventura

Fort Buenaventura, located in west Ogden, Utah, United States, was the first permanent Anglo settlement in the Great Basin. Built just east of the Weber River in 1846 by Miles Goodyear, the fort and its surrounding lands were purchased by Mormon settlers in 1847 and renamed Brownsville (then later Ogden). Following flooding along the river in 1850, the fort was abandoned.
In 1980, Fort Buenaventura State Park was opened, which included a replica of the fort at its original location. In 2002, ownership of the park was transferred to Weber County, which now operates the fort and surrounding recreational facilities.

## History

Fort Buenaventura was the first permanent settlement by people of European descent in the Great Basin. It was established by the trapper Miles Goodyear and his business partner Captain Wells in 1846.
The fort was built near a bend on the east bank of the Weber River, and served as a trading post for trappers and travelers. The settlement's location is about a mile west-southwest from the present-day Ogden municipal building.
In November 1847, Fort Buenaventura and the surrounding land claim were purchased by recently arrived Mormon settlers for $1,950 (equivalent to about $63,765 in 2023). The settlement was then renamed Brownsville but was later changed to Ogden after Peter Skene Ogden, who trapped beaver in the Weber Valley. The fort was abandoned following flooding in 1850, and settlers constructed a new fort (Brown's Fort) a short distance to the south and east. At least one cabin was saved from the original fort; this structure is preserved at the Weber County Daughters of Utah Pioneers museum as the "Miles Goodyear Cabin."

## Weber County park

The site of the original Fort Buenaventura is now a park occupying 84 acres (340,000 m$^2$). The park, which includes a replica of the original fort, was dedicated as a Utah State Park in October 1980.
Prior to the replica's construction, during fall 1979, Dr. Evan DeBloois, a regional archaeologist with the U.S. Forest Service and adjunct professor at nearby Weber State University, completed an archaeological excavation. The excavation uncovered parts of the old stockade, revealing the fort's original dimensions.
The replica was constructed using techniques from the original fort's construction, including mortise and tenon joints, and was made as accurate as possible based on existing evidence. One major exception being its construction out of quaking aspen and lodgepole pine, rather than cottonwood like the original. Following a damaging windstorm, portions of the fort had to be reconstructed in 2000. This reconstruction was made using higher quality materials.
Following budget cuts, the state turned over ownership of the property to Weber County in 2002 (and ended its status as a "state park"). Located at 2450 "A" Avenue in Ogden, the county-run park offers camping, canoeing and meeting facilities during the summer season.
# Aldona Nenėnienė

Aldona Nenėnienė-Česaitytė (born Česaitytė, 13 October 1949 – 3 April 1999) in Daugirdai village, Alytus district municipality) is a former Soviet/Lithuanian handball player who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics and in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
She trained at VSS Žalgiris in Kaunas and became the Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR in 1976. At the 1976 Summer Olympics she won the gold medal with the Soviet team. She played one match and scored two goals.
Four years later she was part of the Soviet team which won the gold medal again. She played one match.
# Sarbia, Wągrowiec County

Sarbia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mieścisko, within Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Mieścisko, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Wągrowiec, and 44 km (27 mi) north-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# 1. Rugby Bundesliga

The 1. Rugby Bundesliga is the top level of domestic club rugby union competition in Austria.

## History

The competition was first contested in 1992, with RC Wien as the first champions.
For the 1993/1994 season, the four strongest Austrian teams competed with two Slovenian teams in the Alpenliga (Alps League), which replaced the Bundesliga. This arrangement was repeated in the 1994/1995 season, with three Austrian teams playing against two Slovenian teams and RK Sisak from Croatia.
The 1995/1996 season was the first time 1. and 2. Bundesligen were played, but reverted to a single league for all clubs in 1996/1997 because of the progress made by the newer clubs. The difference in playing standards were however too large, and the following two seasons saw three of the Viennese clubs - RC Wien, Vienna Celtic, and RC Lycee - take on three Czech clubs in the Austro-Moravian League. This meant that the remaining clubs battled it out for the Bundesliga.

## Current teams

2019-20 season
| Club | City | Stadium |
| Donau | Vienna | Sportareal Dirnelwiese |
| Graz | Graz | Viktor Franz Platz |
| Slovan Bratislava | Bratislava | |
| SRC Wien | Vienna | Sportareal Dirnelwiese |
| Vienna Celtic | Vienna | Sportareal Dirnelwiese |
| Wombats | Wiener Neustadt | |
* ↑ Have also played matches at ASKÖ Sportplatz Atzgersdorf and Neuklosterwiese in Wiener Neustadt.

## Results

The scores in blue are links to accounts of finals on the site of the Austrian Rugby Federation (ÖRV) - in German
| Year | Champion | Score | Runner-up | Place |
| 1993 | RC Wien | | | |
| 1994 | | | | |
| 1995 | RC Wien | | | |
| 1996 | RC Wien | | | |
| 1997 | RC Wien | | | |
| 1998 | RC Wien | | | |
| 1999 | RC Wien | | | |
| 2000 | RC Wien | | | |
| 2001 | RC Wien | | | |
| 2002 | RC Wien | | | |
| 2003 | RC Donau | | | |
| 2004 | RC Donau | | | |
| 2005 | RC Donau | 32-0 | Vienna Celtic RFC | Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna |
| 2006 | RC Donau | 25-17 | RC Lycée Francais de Vienne | Großmugl |
| 2007 | RC Donau | 26-0 | Vienna Celtic RFC | Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna |
| 2008 | RC Donau | 31-10 | RC Innsbruck | Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna |
| 2009 | RC Donau | 33-0 | RC Innsbruck | Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna |
| 2010 | RC Donau | 6-6 | RC Stade Viennois | Sportklub Stadium, Vienna |

## Performance by club

| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Winning Years |
| RC Wien | 9 | N/A | 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 |
| RC Donau | 8 | 0 | 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 |

### Regions

The following table lists the Austrian rugby champions by region.
| Region | Titles | Winning clubs |
| Vienna | 17 | Wien (9), Donau (8) |
# Purusottampur, Keonjhar

Purusottampur, is a village in the taluk of Champua, district of Kendujhar, in the Indian state of Odisha. The total geographical area of village is 160 hectares.
Location Details :
| Tehsil Name | Champua |
| District | Kendujhar |
| State | Odisha |
| Continent | Asia |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area | 160 hectares |
| Households : | 138 |
| Elevation / Altitude | 474 meters. Above Sea level |
| Telephone Code / Std Code | 06767 / 956767 |
| Currency | Indian Rupee ( INR ) |
| Pin Code | 758047 |

## Geography

It is located 63 km to the north of District headquarters Kendujhar also 22°05′18″N 85°34′37″E﻿ / ﻿22.0882°N 85.5769°E﻿ / 22.0882; 85.5769. and 260 km from the state capital Bhubaneswar, Purusottampur Pin code is 758047 and postal head office is Nayakrishnapur. Purusottampur is surrounded by Jagannathpur Tehsil to the north, Noamundi Tehsil to the west, and Manjhgaon Tehsil and Raruan Tehsil to the East. It is on the border of the Kendujhar district and West Singhbhum district.
# Badlands (EP)

Badlands is the debut extended play by Australian band Bad Dreems, released on 19 July 2013.
The EP comprises songs written throughout the history of the band. Cameron said "Chills" is the first song they ever wrote, whilst "Hoping for" is the most recent. The recording occurred over the space of a year in various recording sessions.
Guitarist Alex Cameron describes the album as "not an album where you really plan the vision and you sit down and map out ten songs and record them in one sitting – it's more of a collection of the singles that we put online, plus a few new songs."
The EP was released on vinyl in September 2020 for Record Store Day.

## Reception

Kathy Pollock from 4zzz wrote, "Badlands is a short, fast exploration of isolation, paranoia, and frustration" calling the band's sound as "undeniably Australian".
Patrick Emery from Beat Magazine felt "Bad/Dreems' six song EP Badlands has a veneer of pop elegance, and an abrasive underbelly that makes you think twice about hanging out in [Adelaide] too long".

## Track listing

All songs written and performed by Bad Dreems.
* "Chills" – 2:32
* "Hoping For" – 3:06
* "Home Life" – 2:49
* "Caroline" – 2:17
* "Tomorrow Mountain" – 3:50
* "Too Old" – 2:47

## Release history

Release history and formats for Badlands :
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Various | 19 July 2013 | CD digital | Mirador | MIRAR005 |
| Australia | 26 September 2020 | LP | Farmer & The Owl | FAT0026LP |
# Little Mashel River

The Little Mashel River is a river in Pierce County, Washington. It is a tributary of the Mashel River, and enters the Mashel just 380 feet (116 m) downstream from the Eatonville, Washington, city limits. It is noted for its canyon and the three waterfalls.

## Course

The Little Mashel begins in a small, unnamed lake located about 7.6 miles (12 km) southeast of Eatonville, Washington. Upon exiting the lake, the river, very small at this point, flows northeast for about .3 miles (483 m) before turning northwest for about 5.7 miles (9 km), merging with South Fork Little Mashel River about 4.9 miles (8 km) along the way. There, the river briefly turns southwest, picks up the waters of its only named tributary, Midway Creek, and then turns northwest again. It flows that way for another 1.2 miles (2 km) or so until its confluence with the Mashel. A short canyon that sees the river drop over three large, often visited waterfalls lies about .6 miles (966 m) above its mouth.

## South Fork

The South Fork Little Mashel River begins about 1 mile (1,609 m) west of the lake the main fork begins in and flows northwest for about 4.1 miles (7 km) until it merges with the main fork of the Little Mashel not far upstream from where Midway Creek meets the Little Mashel.
# A History of the World (disambiguation)

A History of the World is a six-volume history of the world in Hungarian, published between 1906 and 1908. The title may also refer to:
* The History of the World (Raleigh), an unfinished work of history by Sir Walter Raleigh, published in 1614
* A History of the World in 10½ Chapters, a work of fiction by Julian Barnes, published in 1989
* A History of the World in the 20th Century, a history textbook by J. A. S. Grenville, first published in 1994
* A History of the World in 100 Objects, a joint project of BBC Radio 4 and the British Museum, published in 2010
* A History of the World in Seven Cheap Things, a book by Raj Patel and Jason W. Moore, published in 2018.
# List of Australian Fleet Air Arm flying squadrons

This is a list of Royal Australian Navy Fleet Air Arm flying squadrons. The Fleet Air Arm was founded in 1947. Since then the Royal Australian Navy has formed a number of squadrons which have operated a range of fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters from aircraft carriers, other warships, and shore establishments.

## Squadrons

* 723 Squadron RAN - Currently active
** Royal Australian Navy Helicopter Flight Vietnam
* 724 Squadron RAN
* 725 Squadron RAN - Currently active
* 805 Squadron RAN
* 808 Squadron RAN - Currently active
* 816 Squadron RAN - Currently active
* 817 Squadron RAN
* 822X Squadron RAN - Currently active
* 850 Squadron RAN
* 851 Squadron RAN
# Sebastianowo

Sebastianowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Książ Wielkopolski, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Książ Wielkopolski, 17 km (11 mi) east of Śrem, and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Naval Flight Officer insignia

The Naval Flight Officer insignia is a breast insignia of the United States military which is awarded to those aviators of the Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard who have qualified as Naval Flight Officers (NFO) based on successful completion of flight training. The insignia is similar in design to the Naval Aviator insignia, consisting of a pair of golden wings, a shield, and crossed anchors.
The Naval Flight Officer insignia is identical for all three branches and is awarded in a single degree. To qualify for the NFO insignia, a service member must have completed officer aviation training and be qualified as a systems operator on board a Naval aircraft. Such qualifications include weapons system operations, airborne tactical data system operations, electronic warfare, and airborne navigation.
The insignia originated in the 1930s and evolved from the Naval Aviation Observer insignia. The main reason for creating the NFO insignia in 1965-1966 was to recognize the higher degree of training required for naval flight officers, compared to other airborne support personnel.
In the modern space age, the insignia is also upgradeable to a variation of the Naval Aviator Astronaut insignia. Known as the Naval Flight Officer Astronaut insignia, the decoration is a standard NFO insignia upon which is centered a golden astronaut "shooting star" logo. The badge is issued for those Naval Flight Officers who have completed astronaut training at NASA and have subsequently participated in a space flight more than 50 miles above the Earth.
Previously, the United States Coast Guard equivalent of the Naval Flight Officer insignia was known as the Coast Guard Flight Officer Badge. It was similar in appearance to the NFO wings (minus the crossed anchors) and was declared obsolete in 1991.
# Brom Mayfa district

Brom Mayfa District (Arabic: مديرية بروم ميفع) is a district of the Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen. As of 2021, the district had a population of 27,346 inhabitants.
# Little Medicine Bow River

The Little Medicine Bow River is a 66-mile-long (106km) tributary of the Medicine Bow River in Wyoming. The basin of the Little Medicine Bow includes the northern slopes of the Shirley Mountains as well Shirley Basin. The Little Medicine Bow reaches its confluence with the Medicine Bow River 6 miles (10km) northwest of the town of Medicine Bow.
# Gorodets culture

The Gorodets culture is an Iron Age archaeological culture associated with the Volga region and Don Steppe of Russia, which existed from around the 8th-7th century BC to the 4th-5th century AD.

## Definition and chronology

Vasily Gorodtsov defined the Gorodets culture as distinct from the Dyakovo culture in 1899. The Gorodets culture, like the Dyakovo culture, descended from the Pozdnyakovo culture.

## Sites

The majority of Gorodets habitation sites were short-term settlements. Permanent structures are only known from settlements in river basins and associated with hillforts. These short-term settlements were probably seasonal, and associated with slash-and-burn agriculture.
Gorodets hillforts are typically triangular, with an earthen bank and ditch on one side and natural boundaries (such as waterways or gullies) on the other two sides. Houses were generally built against the interior side of the earthen embankment. Some hillforts have cult features, such as clay altars at Toporok and Gorodets. At Aleksejevskoje hillfort, a fireplace containing burnt human and animal bones was discovered.

## Artefacts

Gorodets sites have yielded ceramics, bone tools, stone artefacts, and metalwork. Metal artefacts include tools and weapons, which were mostly iron while jewelry was mainly in bronze. Crucibles and moulds are evidence of local metalworking.

### Ceramics

Gorodets ceramics form a continuation of the Netted Ware culture and mainly comprise earthenware pots for kitchen use, with crushed rocks, chamotte, and sand added to the clay body. Jugs and cups have also been found. Most ceramic vessels are decorated with textile and cord imprinting, comb marks, finger marks, notches, and punctures. Gorodets pottery is similar to that of the Scythians, which is attributed to interaction between the two groups in the same region. The use of pots, as opposed to the previously-used jars, is also attributed to Scythian influence. Undecorated pottery is characteristic of the later Gorodets hillforts.
While imported Greek ceramics have been found at Scythian sites, no such imports have been found at Gorodets sites.
At the Lbishche archaeological site on the Samara Bend, the pottery of the lower strata have been identified with the Gorodets culture and dated to the 3rd or 2nd century BC.

## Association with Volga Finnic ethnogeneses

The Gorodets culture is geographically correlated with Proto-Mordvinic and Muroma, and also influenced the Mari language. According to László Klima, late Gorodets pottery is near-identical to that of Proto-Mordvin cemeteries of the early 1st millennium AD, which he argues implies a direct lineage. The role of the Gorodets culture in Mari ethnogenesis is subject to academic debate.
# The Bolt (Shostakovich)

The Bolt (Russian: Болт), Op. 27, is a ballet music score written by Dmitri Shostakovich between 1930 and 1931 to a libretto by Victor Smirnov [ru]. The humorous and satirical full-length ballet in three acts and seven scenes was choreographed by Fyodor Lopukhov and premiered on 8 April 1931 at the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet in Leningrad. It was not performed again until 2005, when a two-act choreography by Alexei Ratmansky was performed at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.

## Plot

The ballet is an ironic tale of slovenly work in a Soviet factory. The lazy Lyonka hates work and together with a local priest and anti-Soviet plotter he plans to sabotage the machinery by putting a bolt in it. Their plan is foiled by a group of Young Communists.

## Instrumentation

Woodwinds: piccolo, 2 flutes (2nd doubling piccolo), 2 oboes, cor anglais, 2 B♭ clarinets, E♭ clarinet (doubling bass clarinet), 2 bassoons, double bassoon
Brass: 6 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, 1 tuba
Percussion: timpani, bass drum, cymbals, snare drum, triangle, tambourine, gong, glockenspiel, xylophone
Strings: violins, violas, cellos, double basses
Additional brass band (Finale): E♭ cornet, 2 B♭ cornets, 2 trumpets, 2 tenor horns, 2 baritone horns, 2 tubas. The 2002 Naxos recording of the suite extracted from this ballet, performed by the Russian State Symphony Orchestra, uses four saxophones here instead.

## Reception

The premiere was the only performance for 74 years, as the audience jeered it and the critics upbraided it for its un-Soviet intentions. Along with his other ballets The Limpid Stream and The Golden Age, the work was banned by the authorities after Shostakovich's first denunciation in 1936. He subsequently put parts of it in his other music.
   The waspish and delightfully colourful score bowls along like a children’s cartoon-film, every number full of drama and parody and fine take-offs of serious and popular music of every kind. Among the highlights are the opening scene when the workers gather in the morning for their physical fitness class before hitting the conveyor belts, the appearance of pompous and opinionated officials and bureaucrats, a ridiculous church-going episode, and the exciting scene when the sabotage-conspiracy nearly succeeds and is only foiled at the last moment. There are also plenty of numbers which mimic the whirling and hammering sounds of modern factory machinery.
                                                                                        — Gerard McBurney

## Suite

Shostakovich extracted a suite from the ballet, Op. 27a, with eight movements:
* Overture (Introduction)
* The Bureaucrat (Polka)
* The Drayman's Dance (Variations)
* Kozelkov's Dance with Friends (Tango)
* Intermezzo
* The Dance of the Colonial Slave-Girl
* The Conciliator
* General Dance of Enthusiasm and Apotheosis (Finale)