OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alloway Creek

Alloway Creek is a 23.2-mile-long (37.3 km) tributary of the Delaware River in Salem County, New Jersey in the United States. The name is a derivative of Allowas, an Indian chief. It has also been known by other names: Aloes River, Aloes Creek, Cotton River, Korten River, Short River, Monmouth River, Munmouth River, and Roiter's River.
The headwaters of the creek are to the southeast of Daretown, in Upper Pittsgrove Township. It flows roughly parallel and to the south of Commissioners Pike, meeting Cool Run before turning west and flowing under the pike. Entering a marshy area, it meets an unnamed tributary and flows under Alloway Road. Here the creek enters Alloway Lake, formed by a dam at the town of Alloway and the largest lake in Salem County. Cedar Brook also feeds the lake, entering from the south.
Below the dam at Alloway, the creek becomes a tidal marsh and meadow estuary. About a mile west of the dam, Deep Run enters from the south. The meanders of the creek become pronounced as the creek turns to flow southwest towards Quinton, where it receives the outlet of Laurel Lake, the water supply for Salem. Route 49 crosses the creek at Quinton. Below Hancock's Bridge, the creek enters the marshes fringing the Delaware. A network of estuarine channels known as Abbotts Meadow lies on the north side. On the south side, a channel has been cut across a meander; Alloway Hope Halfway, a tidal channel connecting with Hope Creek, enters the south side of the meander loop there. The island in the middle of the loop and the land on the south bank from the meander to the mouth are part of Mad Horse Creek Wildlife Management Area.
The Alloway Creek watershed is 75 square miles (190 km$^2$), accounting for about 20% of Salem County land area, and providing a habitat essential for commercial and sport fishing, hunting and trapping.
A volunteer organization called Delaware Riverkeeper has a monitoring site at the Route 49 bridge in Quinton. As of 1995, Riverkeepers regularly tested the surface water and recorded stream conditions. The goal of Riverkeeper is to ensure that the Delaware River and every tributary stream of the watershed is actively protected by local residents.
# Calpurnia reflexa

Calpurnia reflexa, also known as the Free State golden-pea or Sotho laburnum, is a plant species in the Fabaceae family.
# Tübingen School

The Tübingen School (German: Tübinger Schule) is a scientific school of Protestant and Roman Catholic theologians who developed the foundations for the historical-critical method of biblical research at the University of Tübingen in the 19th century.

## Protestant and Catholic Tübingen schools

The Tübingen School emerged around 1826 in the circle of the Protestant theologian Ferdinand Christian Baur, who worked as Professor of Church and Dogmatic History from 1826 to 1860 and as Rector of the University of Tübingen in 1841 and 1842. Baur and his students laid the foundations for the historical-critical method of biblical research in the 19th century. Baur's students included, among others, David Friedrich Strauß, Johann Tobias Beck, Karl Reinhold von Köstlin [de] and Baur's student Eduard Zeller. Beck, however, rejected Baur's speculative view and founded a more biblically based school, while Albert Schwegler switched from theology to philology in 1841 following conflicts with Württemberg church authorities.

### Catholic school

Roman Catholic theologians with a similar line of research to Baur were Johann Sebastian von Drey (1777-1853), Johann Adam Möhler (1796-1838), Johann Baptist von Hirscher (1788-1865) as well as Franz Anton Staudenmaier (1800-1856) and Johannes von Kuhn (1806-1887). They engaged in controversial discussions with Baur and his students, which is why the Catholic Tübingen school can be clearly distinguished from the Protestant school. Inspired by the philosophy of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, it also dealt with the issue of divine revelation vs. human reason. In doing so, it endeavored to unite historical and speculative theology. The Protestant Tübingen school was involved in a long and fierce dispute with its Tübingen colleague Heinrich Ewald. Albrecht Ritschl, who strove to strike a balance between orthodox and liberal theology, ultimately parted ways with the Tübingen school. Around 1860, the Anglican New Testament scholar and philologist Brooke Foss Westcott took up Baur's methods and developed a historically sharpened critical method of biblical research.

## Three Tübingen schools

Some historians distinguish between three Tübingen schools:
* The Older Tübingen school (German: Ältere Tübinger Schule, Protestant), founded by Gottlob Christian Storr (1746-1805). It essentially represented Kant's supernaturalism, according to which divine revelation is above all human reason. Therefore, the formal authority of the Bible also has its place in research.
* The Catholic Tübingen school, founded around 1819 by J.S. Drey, further developed by Möhler and Hirscher.
* The New (or Younger) Tübingen School (German: Jüngere Tübinger Schule, Protestant), founded around 1826 by F.C. Baur. In contrast to the older school, it advocates a historical-critical theology free of dogmatic presuppositions.
In the 20th century, the latter schools also found numerous representatives among natural scientists and philosophers, such as Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker.
# West Branch Schuylkill River

The West Branch Schuylkill River (also known simply as the West Branch) is an approximately 12.9-mile-long (20.8 km) tributary of the Schuylkill River in central Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, with a watershed approximately 21 square miles (54 km$^2$) in size. Several small communities are located in the watershed, which include Beaver Meadows, Buck Run, Glen Dower, Minersville, Pottsville, Cressona, and Schuylkill Haven.
Mild amounts of acid mine drainage affect the West Branch and its tributaries. From its headwaters near Interstate 81, the river flows southeast through several water gaps in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, ending at its confluence with the Schuylkill River in Schuylkill Haven.

## Course

The West Branch's source is several small ponds east of Interstate 81, near the small community of Buck Run. The river flows east-northeast, paralleling Valley Road and later the Heckscherville Road. Near Heckscherville, it receives small tributaries Dyer Run, Wagner Run, and Wheeler Creek, all on the left bank. It then flows south and southeast past Minersville, and finally east through a narrow canyon, where it receives Indian Run on the right bank.
After exiting the canyon, it turns south and enters an increasingly wide valley. At Cressona, it receives Panther Creek on the right bank and Beaver Creek on the left bank. As the river enters Schuylkill Haven it merges with the Schuylkill River on the right bank.
# West Branch Wading River

The West Branch Wading River is a 22.7-mile-long (36.5km) tributary of the Wading River in Burlington County in the southern New Jersey Pine Barrens in the United States.
The confluence of Tulpehocken Creek and the West Branch Wading River create the Wading River.
# West River (Rhode Island)

The West River is a river in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It flows approximately 7.6 miles (12.2 km) and is the only named tributary of the Moshassuck River. It has a history of providing water to textile mills during the Industrial Revolution as evidenced by the 7 dams along the river's length.

## Course

The West River rises on the town line between Lincoln and Smithfield from a few small streams that originate in the vicinity of Lantern Road. The West River then flows southward, past Twin River Road and into Wenscott Reservoir. Below the reservoir, the river meanders east-southeast through North Providence and into Providence where it flows into the Moshassuck River north of downtown.

## Crossings

Below is a list of all crossings over the West River. The list starts at the headwaters and goes downstream.
* Smithfield
** Whipple Road
*** Crosses two of the primary streams that converge south of here to form the main West River.
** Twin River Road
* North Providence
** Asylum Road
** Douglas Terrace
** Brookfarm Road
** West River Parkway
** Mineral Spring Avenue (RI 15)
* Providence
** Douglas Avenue (RI 7) (Twice)
** Veazie Street
** Branch Avenue
** Rhode Island State Route 146
** Hawkins Street
** Charles Street
** West River Street
** Interstate 95

## Tributaries

Angell Brook is the West River's only named tributary, though it has many unnamed streams that also feed it.
# West Swan River

The West Swan River is a 42.2-mile-long (67.9 km) tributary of the East Swan River of Minnesota, flowing to the Saint Louis River and eventually Lake Superior. The West Swan River flows into and out of Snowshoe Lake and Kelly Lake west of Hibbing. Presently there are problems with flowage, due to obstructions in the river. The mines that have polluted the river have left it facing severe problems.
# West Twin River (Wisconsin)

The West Twin River, formerly the Neshota River, is an 18.5-mile-long (29.8 km) river in east-central Wisconsin that is a tributary to Lake Michigan. It merges with the East Twin River in the city of Two Rivers, Wisconsin, less than a mile from the lakeshore. The source of the river is in southeast Brown County, near Richard J. Drum Memorial Forest. It is formed by the confluence of the Devils River and the Neshota River. On its course it passes through the unincorporated communities of Kingsbridge and Shoto.
About 6 miles (10 km) upstream from its mouth, the West Twin River is blocked by Shoto Dam, which divides the river into upper and lower reaches. The river below Shoto Dam is broad, shallow, and slow and the water quality is poor, while above the dam it is narrow, deep, and fast-flowing with good to excellent water quality. Shoto Dam creates a 55-acre (22 ha) reservoir known as Shoto Lake.

## Major tributaries

Major tributaries of the West Twin River include:
   * Black (Buck) Creek
   * Devils River
   * Francis Creek
   * King Creek
   * Kriwanek Creek
   * Neshota River
   * Twin Hill Creek
# West Walker River

The West Walker River is a tributary of the Walker River, approximately 95 miles (153 km) long, in eastern California and western Nevada in the United States. It drains part of the Sierra Nevada range along the California-Nevada border in the watershed of Walker Lake in the Great Basin. The river derives its name from Joseph R. Walker, a mountain man.
It rises from snowmelt in the Sierras of northwestern Mono County, north of Yosemite National Park approximately 20 miles (32 km) south-southwest of Walker in the snowfields on the northeast faces of Tower Peak and Forsyth Peak on the Sierra crest in the Toiyabe National Forest. It flows north, along the west side of the Sweetwater Mountains, emerging into the Antelope Valley, a ranching region around Walker. It flows north past Coleville and Topaz and enters southern Douglas County, Nevada southwest of Carson City. In Nevada it flows northeast, joining the East Walker River from the west 7 mi (11.3 km) south of Yerington to form the Walker River.
The river is heavily used for irrigation in the ranching valleys along its lower course. Its waters are diverted along its upper course to form Topaz Lake along the California-Nevada border. It receives the Little Walker River from the south near its source in the mountains.
U.S. Highway 395 passes through the West Walker River Valley, connecting it via Devil's Gate Pass to the East Walker River; Sonora Pass and Monitor Pass lead from the valley into the Sierra Nevada and the Carson River valley. In January 1997 a record-setting flood along the West Walker River destroyed 10 miles (16 km) of U.S. 395. This section of road was rebuilt in six months. The silt carried by the river settled in Topaz Lake, hurting the trout population there.
# Wetbutt Creek

Wetbutt Creek is a stream in Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska, in the United States.
The name dates back to at least the 1940s.
# 1986 Lesotho coup d'état

The 1986 Lesotho coup d'état was a military coup that took place in Lesotho on 20 January 1986, led by General Justin Lekhanya. It led to the deposition of Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan, who held the office since 1965 and assumed dictatorial powers in the 1970 coup d'état, after the general election was annulled.
General Lekhanya announced the creation of the Military Council, which would exercise all executive and legislative powers in the name of King Moshoeshoe II. Eventually, a power struggle developed between Lekhanya and the King, with the latter being forced into exile in the United Kingdom in February 1990, and officially dethroned in December of that year. Lekhanya himself was deposed in the 1991 coup d'état, led by Colonel Elias Phisoana Ramaema.
# Franz Schoenberner

Franz Schoenberner (December 18, 1892 – April 11, 1970) was a German editor and writer.

## Life and works

Franz Schoenberner grew up as the eleventh child of a pastor in Berlin. From 1911 to 1914, he studied literature and art history in Berlin and Munich. From 1923 to 1925, he was editor of the Auslandpost, the literary supplement of the Allgemeine Zeitung and the weekly radio Süddeutscher Rundfunk. In 1927, he was the successor of Georg Hirth as editor of the Art Nouveau journal Jugend. Schoenberner became an associate of Thomas Theodor Heine and from November 1929 to March 1933, the last editor of Simplicissimus, before Hitler's seizure of power. The editors and authors of Simplicissimus came into conflict with the Nazi's and many fled Germany for their lives. Schoenberner and his wife, novelist Ellie Nerac, followed Heine on 20 March 1933 to exile in Switzerland and then to France where he lived in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin on the French Riviera. During this time he published articles in Klaus Mann's exile magazine Die Sammlung and the social democratic Zurcher Zeitung.
After war broke out in 1939, he was re-located to France, where he was interned as an "alien enemy". His detention camp was the former brick works Les Milles, in Toulon. There he met many artists and writers, such as Max Ernst, Walter Hasenclever and Lion Feuchtwanger. In 1941, he fled with the help of the refugee organization "Emergency Rescue Committee" to Marseille, then Lisbon and on to New York City. In New York he published the first volume of his memoirs Confessions of a European Intellectual (1946) which described his years in Germany. The second volume, The Inside Story of an Outsider, was published in 1949, about his eight years in exile.
In 1951, he fell down a flight of stairs after an assault, and spent rest of his life in a wheelchair paralyzed from the waist down. His experience and thoughts were worked into the third volume of his memoirs, You Still Have Your Head: Excursions from Immobility.
In 1965 Schoenberner returned to Germany on a visit, after 32 years away from his home country. He died in 1970, in Teaneck, New Jersey.

## Works

* Confessions of a European Intellectual. New York: MacMillan 1946.
* The Inside Story of an Outsider. New York: MacMillan 1949.
* You Still Have Your Head: Excursions from Immobility. New York: MacMillan 1957.
* Der Weg der Vernunft und andere Aufsätze. Icking und München: Kreisselmeier Verlag 1969.
# Mathilde Wurm

Mathilde Wurm (30 September 1874, Frankfurt am Main – 31 March or 1 April 1935) was a German politician, social worker and journalist. She represented the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany in the Reichstag from 1920 to 1933.

## Life and career

Wurm was born Mathilde Adler in 1874 to a Jewish family in Frankfurt am Main. She moved to Berlin and began working as a social worker in 1896. She was particularly interested in helping girls to receive vocational training, which led to her co-founding Berlin's first apprenticeship placement and counselling service for female school-leavers. In 1904 she married Emanuel Wurm [de], a journalist who later entered politics.
Wurm was involved in socialist circles from a young age, and was a longstanding member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SDP). After marriage, she mainly worked as a journalist and was active in the women's movement of the SPD, through which she regularly corresponded with Rosa Luxemburg, Clara Zetkin and Luise Kautsky. In 1919 she was elected to the Berliner Stadtverordnetenversammlung [de] (Berlin City Council). When her husband Emanuel died in 1920, Mathilde assumed his seat in the Reichstag Ministry of Food under the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD).
Wurm retained her seat in the Reichstag—alternately as a member of both the SPD and USPD—until the dissolution of the Weimar Republic in 1933. During 1922 and 1923 she edited the USPD magazine Die Kämpferin (The Female Fighter), later named Die Gleichheit (Equality), and although she was not religious, she remained active in the Berlin Jewish community until 1924.

## Exile

When Adolf Hitler came into power in 1933, Wurm initially remained in Germany to defend her constituents. However her property was confiscated and she became homeless, often spending the night on a train. She left Germany for Switzerland in May 1933, where she stayed with her sister, Josephine Cohn, for eight months. She scraped a living as a typist before moving to London on 3 February 1934 to visit her nephew Arthur Campbell. In London, she lived with fellow political activist and émigré Dora Fabian firstly in a flat on Guilford Street.

## Death

Wurm and Fabian were found dead in their flat at 12, Great Ormond Street, Bloomsbury, on 4 April 1935 and were found to have died either on 31 March or on 1 April 1935. While suicide was suspected, the deaths were treated as suspicious.
The case was covered in the British press and presumed to have been a double suicide by barbitone poisoning. Due to the suspicious circumstances surrounding the two women's deaths and the lack of a motive, some observers suggested that they had been killed by Gestapo officers, but a coroner's inquest resulted in a verdict of "suicide while of unsound mind".
# Whitewater River (Minnesota)

The Whitewater River is a 16.6-mile-long (26.7 km) tributary of the Upper Mississippi River which flows through the Driftless Area of Minnesota, reaching its mouth in Wabasha County at the community of Weaver opposite Buffalo, Wisconsin. The nearest towns are Altura, Saint Charles, and Elba. The region hosts endangered native dry oak savannas, semiforested areas that seem to have been dependent on fire for their well-being.
The main stem of the Whitewater River is formed by the confluence of the North Fork Whitewater River and Middle Fork Whitewater River at Elba, and is joined by the South Fork Whitewater River, just downstream. The North Fork flows through Wabasha, Olmsted, and Winona counties, with a "channel length of 47 km" (c. 30 miles). The upper branches of the Whitewater River system including the portion that flows through Whitewater State Park are designated trout streams. Native brook, wild brown and occasionally stocked rainbow trout populate the streams.
The state maintains Whitewater State Park on the upper reach of the main stem, on the Middle Fork and on Trout Run Creek. Crystal Springs Fish Hatchery is located on the lower portion of the South Fork.
Whitewater River is the English translation of the native Sioux language name.
At Beaver, Minnesota, the river had an average discharge of 133 cubic feet per second between 1940 and 1957.

## Conservation and restoration

In the 1990s the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources restored nearly 5 miles (8 km) of the river (including a straight channel dug in the 1950s) to a more natural, meandering form. Designed to allow the river to access its floodplain, the restored section is supposed to disperse high water levels over a relatively wide area and reduce shoreline erosion.

## Floods

The year 1938 saw major flooding and sediment deposition along the river.
As a result of the 2007 Midwest flooding, the river overtopped its dikes, flooding the town of Elba on August 18, 2007.
# Alan Posener

Alan Posener (born 8 October 1949 in Hampstead, London) is a British-German journalist. He is the son of the architectural historian Julius Posener.

## Biography

Posener is the son of a liberal German-Jewish family, while his mother is of Scottish-English ancestry. Posener's sister is the photographer Jill Posener. He grew up in England, Malaysia and Germany. He studied German studies and English at the Free University of Berlin and the Ruhr University of Bochum. During this period he served as Executive of the Communist Students Association and the Maoist Communist Party.
On graduation, Posener worked as a teacher at the Kant-Gymnasium (Berlin) and at the Martin Buber Comprehensive School in Berlin-Spandau. He left the teaching profession, as he says, because of "boredom".

### Journalism

In 1987 he wrote the Rowohlt monograph on John Lennon. This was followed by monographs on John F. Kennedy, Elvis Presley, William Shakespeare, Franklin Roosevelt, and finally Mary, the mother of Jesus. Posener also wrote a biography of the relationship of John F. and Jackie Kennedy.
From 1999 to 2004, he was a writer at and then editor of Die Welt. From 2004 to 2008, he was chief of commentary for Welt am Sonntag. He now works as a correspondent for politics and society. When, in 2005, the Berlin authorities proposed renaming Kochstraße as Rudi Dutschke Strasse, he opposed the proposition. Posener stated that:
   as Rudi Dutschke thought nothing of, "capitalism and consumerism, liberalism and parliamentarism," it was no coincidence that his fellow Horst Mahler (then a member of the same far-left organisation as Posener) ended up in the NPD
In May 2007, Posener used his blog at Welt Online to attack the editor of the tabloid "Bild," Kai Diekmann, accusing him of "hypocrisy" because the newspaper "serves the lowest instincts." The comment was removed a few hours later after colleagues at the Axel Springer publishing house, which is the publisher of both titles, had noticed it. Rival newspapers later printed their own critical commentaries on the tensions evident at Axel Springer Verlag.
In 2009 he published his book "Pope Benedict's crusade", in which he criticized Benedict XVI's "crusade" against the Enlightenment. An expanded and retitled version, now also available as a paperback, appeared in 2011 under the punchier title "Der gefährliche Papst" ("The Dangerous Pope"). Building on his criticism, he now also stirred controversy by spelling out a more general thesis: "Religion ist schlecht für den Menschen" ("Religion is bad for humanity").
Since 2009, Posener has conducted a weekly debate with Alexander Görlach on religious and ethical questions in The European.
# Namilamadeta

Namilamadeta is an extinct genus of herbivorous marsupial from Australia that was around the size of a dog.
# Jurong Regional Library

Jurong Regional Library (Chinese: 裕廊区域图书馆; Malay: Perpustakaan Wilayah Jurong) is a public library located in Jurong East, Singapore. It is located next to the now defunct JCube and is within walking distances of Jurong East Bus Interchange and Jurong East MRT station. It is the third regional library to be completed after the Tampines and Woodlands regional libraries and is currently the largest public library under the National Library Board network of public libraries.
During the construction of the National Library building, it temporarily housed the main collections of the reference library until the opening of the new building on 22 July 2005.

## History

The library was first opened on 1 August 1988 as Jurong East Community Library by Ho Kah Leong who was the Senior Parliamentary Secretary (Communications & Information) and Member of Parliament for Jurong Constituency. It was subsequently closed in June 2003 for upgrading works. After the completion of its refurbishment in 2004, it was re-opened as Jurong Regional Library on 4 June that year by the then Acting Minister for Education, Tharman Shanmugaratnam.

## Future relocation

The Urban Redevelopment Authority and National Library Board announced on 15 November 2022 that the library would be relocated to the future Jurong East Integrated Transport Hub in 2028.