OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mesonephric duct

The mesonephric duct, also known as the Wolffian duct, archinephric duct, Leydig's duct or nephric duct, is a paired organ that develops in the early stages of embryonic development in humans and other mammals. It is an important structure that plays a critical role in the formation of male reproductive organs. The duct is named after Caspar Friedrich Wolff, a German physiologist and embryologist who first described it in 1759.
During embryonic development, the mesonephric ducts form as a part of the urogenital system.

## Structure

The mesonephric duct connects the primitive kidney, the mesonephros, to the cloaca. It also serves as the primordium for male urogenital structures including the epididymides, vasa deferentia, and seminal vesicles.

## Development

In both males and females, the mesonephric ducts develop into the trigone of urinary bladder, a part of the bladder wall, but the sexes differentiate in other ways during development of the urinary and reproductive organs.

### Male

In a male, they develop into a system of connected organs between the efferent ducts of the testis and the prostate, namely the epididymis, the vas deferens, and the seminal vesicle. The prostate forms from the urogenital sinus and the efferent ducts form from the mesonephric tubules.
For this, it is critical that the ducts are exposed to testosterone during embryogenesis. Testosterone binds to and activates androgen receptor, affecting intracellular signals and modifying the expression of numerous genes.
In the mature male, the function of this system is to store and mature sperm, and provide accessory semen fluid.The mesonephric duct (precursor of the male reproductive system) forms around the 3-4th week of pregnancy, present before the paramesonephric duct (precursor of the female reproductive system).

### Female

In the female, with the absence of anti-Müllerian hormone secretion by the Sertoli cells and subsequent Müllerian apoptosis, the mesonephric ducts regress, although inclusions may persist. The vestigial epoophoron arises from these ducts. Also, lateral to the wall of the vagina, a Gartner's duct could develop as a remnant.

## History

It is named after Caspar Friedrich Wolff who described the mesonephros and its ducts in his dissertation in 1759.

## Additional images

* Diagram of a transverse section, showing the mode of formation of the amnion in the chick
* Reconstruction of a human embryo of 17 mm
* Cloaca of human embryo from twenty-five to twenty-seven days old
* Tail end of human embryo thirty-two to thirty-three days old
* Tail end of human embryo; from eight and a half to nine weeks old
# Streptanthus batrachopus

Streptanthus batrachopus is a rare species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Mt. Tamalpais jewelflower. It is endemic to Marin County, California, where it is known only from Mt. Tamalpais and surrounding terrain. There are fewer than ten known occurrences.
Its habitat includes chaparral and coniferous forest, generally on serpentine soils.

## Description

It is an annual herb producing a branching or unbranched stem up to about 20 centimeters in maximum height or slightly taller. Leaves near the base of the stem are oval or lance-shaped with toothed edges, somewhat fleshy in texture with a mottled pattern, and no more than 2 to 3 centimeters long. Leaves higher up the stem are lance-shaped.
Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of purple or greenish sepals up to half a centimeter long. Purple or purple-streaked white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a straight or curving silique up to 3 centimeters in length.
# Chimgi-Tura

Chimgi-Tura or Chingi-Tura (Siberian Tatar: Цимкетора, Russian: Чинги-Тура) was a medieval city in the 12th to 16th centuries located in Western Siberia. After the Russian conquest, it was refounded as Tyumen.

## Name

The word “tura” (тора/tora) in Siberian Tatar means “city”.

## History

According to Russian historian Hadi Atlasi, Taibugha founded the settlement which was then named Chinkidin in honor of Genghis Khan. The settlement later evolved into Chimgi-Tura.
It was a capital of the Khanate of Sibir until the early 16th century, when its ruler Khan Muhammad decided not to remain at Chimgi-Tura, and chose a new capital named Qashliq located on the Irtysh.
After the Cossack ataman Yermak Timofeyevich conquered the Siberian Khanate in the 1580s, the city of Chimgi-Tura was abandoned or burned. In 1586, the Russian fort Tyumen was built nearby. Modern Tyumen, one of the centres of the Russian oil industry, covers the site where Chimgi-Tura used to stand.
# Chrissi Avgi (ship)

The transport ship Chrissi Avgi (Greek: Χρυσή Αυγή) was a Japanese-built Greek ferry that sank on 23 February 1983, in the neighborhood of Cape Caphereus.
The ship was built in 1970 as the Hayabusa for Kyoei Unyu K.K of Japan by Yoshiura Zosen, and was later sold to Grami Ipirou, Ltd. in Greece.
On 23 February 1983, to the Chrissi Avgi left the harbour of Rafina in inclement weather with an itinerary for the islands of Andros, Paros and Naxos, carrying nine heavy tankers hauling bunker fuel and four cargo trucks under the command of Captain Dimitrios Gardelis. The ship's owner, Avgoustos Polemis, who also owned the Chryssi Ammos and Ipiros, was also aboard. At 18:30 hours, 2 nautical miles from the islet of Mandili and with winds blowing 8 on the Beaufort scale, the ship abruptly took to listing due to the shifting of the tankers in the garage, which led to a series of fires in the tankers. There was sufficient time for the passengers to escape the flames by dropping down into the water, and few suffocated.
A fracture was created by the explosions that had occurred, which caused the sinking of the ship three hours later. The distress signal which the ship sent was answered by the Chrissi Ammos, the Russian Saby Rabat, and the Romanian Boldein as well as the Kastriani Keas. A little later a signal regarding the accident was picked up by two warships of the Hellenic Navy. Out of 42 total aboard, only 14 were saved.
The majority of the passengers were truck drivers but there were also a Mrs. Matoula Lavda, a wife of one of the truck drivers, and their two children on board. Half of the total persons on board were part of the ship's crew. Three crew members and eleven passengers survived. One surviving crew member from the engine room said that communication with the bridge was lost early on in the accident. Life jackets were handed out to passengers and crew on the rear deck by a sailor, Polikarpos Xorefitis, and the steward, Mr. Spiridakis, but the lifeboats and ropes were stuck to the paint on the deck and could not be moved. Eventually, explosions forced the passengers and crew to jump or fall into the icy water below. Of the fourteen survivors, eleven were rescued by the Russian ship Saby Rabat. A twelfth person had been rescued, but he died on the Rabat's deck. Captain Avgoustos Polemis later died at a hospital ashore.
On 11 June 2016 the Antonis Grafas diving team located the wreck of the Chrissi Avgi at a spot first suggested by Giannis Mitilineos, at a depth of 112 metres. Video footage of the wreck was shot by Antonis Grafis, with a supporting dive team of John Liardakis, Anna Barbopoulou, and Athanasios Panopoulos.
# Robert Ferguson (author)

Robert Ferguson (born 2 June 1948) is an English-born Norwegian biographer, dramatist, novelist, and translator who specialises in the history and culture of the Scandinavian countries, and Norway in particular.

## Life and work

Robert Ferguson was born in Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, and grew up in Blackpool, Lancashire. Between 1968 and 1976, he travelled widely in the UK and worked at numerous jobs, including postman, builder's labourer, trawler fisherman, hospital porter and factory hand. He also spent periods living in France and Denmark.
Between 1976 and 1980, he studied Scandinavian literature at University College London, specialising in Norwegian literature.
In 1980, Ferguson made his debut as a dramatist with an adaptation for BBC Radio 3 of Knut Hamsun's 1890 novel Hunger.
In 1983, Ferguson was awarded a one-year State Scholarship by the Norwegian government. He has been a permanent resident of Norway since that time. He became a Norwegian citizen in 2018.
Ferguson has written ten original radio plays and adapted for radio works by Hamsun, Henrik Ibsen, Halldor Laxness, A.R. Luria and Elmore Leonard, all for the BBC. For his original dramas he has twice won Giles Cooper Awards for Best Radio Drama of the Year. He is the author of two novels, Siste kjærlighet and Fleetwood, published in Norway only.
Enigma. The Life of Knut Hamsun, won the University of London's J.G. Robertson Prize in 1987 and was shortlisted for the Los Angeles Times Best Biography in 1987. Enigma, under its Norwegian title Gåten Knut Hamsun, was dramatised as a six-part television series in 1996 by NRK (Norwegian State Broadcasting) and was the basis for a feature film of the same name [no].
In 1997, Ferguson selected, translated and introduced Tales of Love and Loss, a collection of twenty of Hamsun's short stories. He has also translated books by numerous Norwegian writers, including Jo Nesbo and Lars Mytting, whose Norwegian Wood. Chopping, Stacking and Drying Wood the Scandinavian Way won the British Book Industry Award for Best Non-Fiction Book of 2016.
# I Love (Joyner Lucas song)

"I Love" is a song by American rapper Joyner Lucas, released on October 17, 2018 alongside its music video. Written by Lucas and its producer TheSkyBeats, it served as the lead single of his debut studio album ADHD (2020).

## Background and composition

On October 17, 2018, Joyner Lucas premiered the song on Zane Lowe's Beats 1 show. On an "up-tempo instrumental", Lucas raps that he is not a person to be messed with on the track.

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 77 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 78 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 15 |
| Romania (Airplay 100) | 88 |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 10 |
| US Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles (Billboard) | 7 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Gold | 15,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# This Is Not the Way Home

This is Not the Way Home is the second studio album by Australian indie rock band The Cruel Sea. The album was released in October 1991 and peaked at number 62 on the Australian albums chart. With the release of This is Not the Way Home, The Cruel Sea embarked on a European tour supporting Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds.
At the ARIA Music Awards of 1993, the album earned the band a nomination for Best Group. Tony Cohen was nominated for Producer of the Year.

## Recording

The album was recorded at Megaphon Studios, near Sydney Airport. Producer Tony Cohen said, "The plan was for it to be a natural recording, with nothing too fancy. The studio had empty factory space, so I decided to use it as reverb chambers. Reverb on drums, vocals, backing vocals. Most times I managed to get my experiments right."

## Reception

This is Not the Way Home garnered critical acclaim. The music ranged from funky Louisiana swamp blues to sweet soul, with Perkins' laconic vocals recalling the spirit of Captain Beefheart, Tony Joe White and John Lee Hooker in the process.
The Canberra Times said the album was, "like a road movie soundtrack. It has the timelessness of David Lynch's Wild At Heart. It could be the '50s or the '90s. To the shimmering guitar melodies of "This is Not the Way Home", Perkins adds a visceral element - lines about shedding blood and skin, throwing up, and grunting, groaning, his guts as well as his emotions laid bare."

## Charts

| Chart (1992) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 62 |

## Certification

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | 28 October 1991 | CD, Cassette, LP | Red Eye Records | 511161-2, REDCD 25 |
# Nick Bandurak

Nicholas Kimon "Nick" Bandurak (born 14 December 1992) is an English field hockey player who plays as a forward for [East Grinstead] and the England and Great Britain national teams.

## Club career

Bandurak plays club hockey in the Men's England Hockey League Premier Division for [East Grinstead] having signed in 2024 from Holcombe where he played alongside the likes of Robert Field, Tom O'Keefe, Hayden Phillips, & Barry Middleton. He has previously played for Cannock.

## International career

Bandurak made his England U21 debut when he played in the Hero Hockey Junior World Cup Men 2013 in India. He made his senior England debut v Spain, in the FIH Pro League on 4 February, 2022.

## Personal life

Marital Status - Emma Bandurak (Trunks). Bandurak has been married to Emma since August 2020 and they have a child named Rolo.
# Yuji Kato (screenwriter)

Yuji Kato (加藤 祐司, Katō Yūji, born July 30, 1957) is a Japanese screenwriter.

## Career

Yuji Kato was from Sendai city in Miyagi prefecture.
* 1983: Awarded a second prize for his screenplay "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)" in the Directors Company's Scenario Competition, a film production company.
* 1984: Graduated from the Department of Art Studies, Faculty of Art and Design at Tokyo University of the Arts. Entered the MFA program at Tokyo University of the Arts. In the same year, decided to make a film of "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)" and met with director Shinji Sōmai (相米慎二, Sōmai Shinji). Began filming of the movie. accompanied the film crew to the site, assisted with filming, and added dialogue as requested by Director Sōmai.
* 1985: Debuted as a screenwriter'. Won the Best Screenplay Award in the Staff Division of the 40th Mainichi Film Awards for the film "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)". "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)" won the Japanese Film Excellence Award in the Production Division at the same awards. And the Grand Prix in the Young Cinema category at the 1st Tokyo International Film Festival. In the same year, the film "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)" was released to the public.

## Personal life

He has been friends with Film Director Jūkōh Tanaka (田中じゅうこう, Tanaka Jūkōh). for more than 20 years and occasionally participates in the talk events that accompany the release of his films.

## Works
### Screenplays

* "Typhoon Club (film) (台風クラブ)" (Toho films, 1985 film)
* "Obocchama-niwa-wakarumai! (お坊っチャマにはわかるまい!)" (TBS, 1986 TV drama)
* "Katei-no-mondai (家庭の問題)" (TBS, 1987 TV drama)
* "Yokubarike-no-hitobito (欲ばり家の人々)"(TBS, 1987 TV drama)
* "Bed-de-papa-to-yobanaide (ベッドでパパと呼ばないで)"(ABC, 1987 TV drama)
* "Kimurake-no-hitobito (木村家の人びと)"(TBS, 1988 TV drama)
* "Y-shi-no-rinjin, Fumie (Y氏の隣人 踏み絵)" on "Gimme a break (ギミア・ぶれいく)" (TBS, 1989 TV entertainment)
* "Tane (たね)" (NHK, 1992 TV drama)
* "A Guru Is Born (教祖誕生)" (Toho films, 1992 film)

### Planning/Direction

* "Akete-gyoten-kura-no-naka 1 (開けて仰天蔵の中1)" and "Akete-gyoten-kura-no-naka 2 (開けて仰天蔵の中2)"on "Tsuiseki (追跡 (情報番組))" (Nippon TV, 1988 information and documentary program)
* "Sarumawashi-no-furusato ~China~ (猿まわしのふるさと〜中国〜)" on "Subarashiki-chikyu-no-tabi (素晴らしき地球の旅)" (NHK／BS II, 1997 travelogue program)
* "Toki-wo-koeta-kessaku (時を超えた傑作)" (Sky PerfecTV! ch.750, 2001 information and documentary program)
# Marco Polo condo fire

The Marco Polo condo fire was a high-rise fire that occurred at 2:17 p.m. on July 14, 2017, in the 36-story Marco Polo condominium building at 2333 Kapiolani Boulevard in the McCully-Mōʻiliʻili neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii. 4 people were killed, and 13 others (including 1 firefighter) were injured. Over 200 units were damaged or destroyed giving the destruction of the building at more than $100 million. Additionally, concern about the abatement of asbestos, which was built into the Marco Polo structure, is under investigation by the state of Hawai'i's Department of Health and Department of Labor's workplace safety division.

## Building history

The Marco Polo was completed in 1971. A previous fire in 2013 caused $1.1 million in property damage to two apartments, but no injuries were reported.

## Fire

* Victims killed
* Jean Dilley, 87 Joann M. Kuwata, 71 Britt Reller, 54 Marilyn Van Gieson, 81
A fire was initially reported at 2:17 p.m. on the 26th floor of the building, and spread across a dozen apartments on the 26th, 27th, and 28th floors. The bodies of three victims were found on the 26th floor. A fourth victim, who lived 6 floors above the origin of the blaze, had been hospitalized due to smoke inhalation, but died 20 days later on August 3. The 7-alarm fire required over 120 firefighters and 15 fire engines from the Honolulu Fire Department (HFD) to respond. Firefighters monitored the fire overnight. A shelter for displaced residents was established at ʻIolani School.
An investigation by HFD was unable to conclusively identify the cause of the fire.

## Aftermath

More than 200 of the 568 units were damaged. No sprinkler system was installed in the Marco Polo building complex which was built in 1971 and four years before sprinklers became mandatory for new construction in Honolulu. In fact, after a 2013 fire, the Marco Polo building's association obtained an estimate of $8,000 per condo for installation of sprinklers. This would have cost $4.5 million for the entire complex, but the sprinkler system was never installed. More than 300 high-rises across Oahu are not required to have sprinklers. However, local and Hawai'i lawmakers were considering making sprinklers mandatory on these older complexes. Both Honolulu Mayor Kirk Caldwell and Hawai'i state senator Glenn Wakai voiced support for sprinkler installation in older high-rises.
In response to the Marco Polo fire, the City and County of Honolulu enacted Ordinance 18–14 in May 2018, which requires all buildings ten stories or higher to conduct a safety evaluation and retrofit necessary improvements or retrofit automatic sprinklers. Out of 102 buildings that had conducted a safety evaluation by April 2021, only six had passed. Buildings are required to complete safety evaluations or sprinkler retrofits by the spring of 2024.
# Induno Olona

Induno Olona is a town and comune in Italy, in north-western Lombardy, 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan, in the Province of Varese. It had a population, in 2021, of c. 10,287.

## Topography

The town is located between Valganna and Valceresio and it is crossed by the river Olona. Among the Prealps of Varese, in particular under Monte Monarco (832 metres above sea level).
At the end of World War II, on 25 October 1950, after a referendum, Induno became an independent town.
# Maja e zezë

Maja e Zezë (Macedonian: Црн Врв, romanized: Crn Vrv; Serbo-Croatian: Црни Врх, Crni Vrh, meaning black peak), is a mountain in Kosovo and North Macedonia. It is part of the Šar Mountains range and is 2,585 m (8,481 ft) high. To the east of the mountain is Peskovi (2,651 m or 8,698 ft), and to the west of it is Kobilica (2,528 m or 8,294 ft).
# Rod Gaspar

Rodney Earl Gaspar (born April 3, 1946) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder.
A switch hitter, Gaspar played for the New York Mets (1969–70) and San Diego Padres (1971, 1974).
A former player at Long Beach State and Long Beach City College, Gaspar played 178 games in his career, 118 of them in his rookie year, 1969. He began the year as the Mets' starting right fielder, then became a utility outfielder (he also played left and center field on occasion) after Ron Swoboda became the regular right fielder. That year, he hit .228, recorded in 14 of his 17 career runs batted in, and hit his only Major League home run, off Mike McCormick of the San Francisco Giants on May 30. He also excelled defensively, leading all Mets outfielders in assists with 12, and leading the National League in double plays with six.
That year, Gaspar was a member of the Miracle Mets team that unexpectedly won the World Series in five games over the Baltimore Orioles. Before the Series, Orioles' outfielder, Frank Robinson said, "Bring on the Mets and Ron Gaspar!" He was then told by his teammate, Merv Rettenmund, "It's Rod, stupid." He then retorted by saying, "OK. Bring on Rod Stupid!" In Game Four of that Series, Gaspar scored the winning run on a controversial play at Shea Stadium. With the score tied at 1–1 in the bottom of the tenth, Gaspar pinch-ran for Jerry Grote, who had led off the inning with a double. An intentional walk to Al Weis followed, after which J. C. Martin, pinch-hitting for Tom Seaver, bunted to the pitcher. Both runners advanced, and as Martin ran to first, Pete Richert's throw hit him on the hand and ricocheted away, the error allowing Gaspar to score the winning run. (Replays would later show that Martin had been running inside the baseline, which could have resulted in him being called out for interference; however, the umpires said they didn't make the call because they felt Martin didn't intentionally interfere with the play.)
# Luolishaniidae

The Luolishaniidae or Luolishaniida are a group of Cambrian and Ordovician lobopodians with anterior 5 or 6 pairs of setiferous lobopods. Most luolishaniids also have posterior lobopods each with a hooked claws, and thorn-shaped sclerites arranged as three or more per trunk segment. The type genus is based on Luolishania longicruris Hou and Chen, 1989, from the Chengjiang Lagerstatte, South China. They are presumed to have been benthic suspension or filter feeders.
New specimens of the previously enigmatic Facivermis show that it was a sessile tube-dweller, and part of this group.
A 2023 analysis concluded, on the basis of numerous morphological similarities, that luolishaniids might be the closest known relatives of tardigrades.