# Arpita Singh

Arpita Singh (née Dutta; born 22 June 1937) is an Indian artist. Known to be a figurative artist and a modernist, she made her canvases to have both a story line and a carnival of images arranged in a curiously subversive manner. Her artistic approach can be described as an expedition without destination. Her work reflects her background. She brings her inner vision of emotions to the art inspired by her own background and what she sees around the society that mainly affects women. Her works also include traditional Indian art forms and aesthetics, like miniaturist painting and different forms of folk art, employing them in her work regularly.

## Personal life

Arpita was born on 22 June 1937 in Baranagar, Bengal Presidency (now West Bengal). She left the city with her mother and brother in 1946, a year before India got its independence from the British rule in 1947. In 1962, she married fellow artist Paramjit Singh and they had a daughter, artist Anjum Singh. Currently she lives in Nizamuddin East, New Delhi.

## Education

Arpita attended the Delhi Polytechnic in New Delhi from 1954–59 and graduated with a Diploma in Fine Arts.

## Career

After her graduation, Arpita Singh worked at the Weavers' Service Centre, Ministry of Textiles, Government of India in New Delhi and experienced the textiles industry closely. Her stint as a textile designer reflects in her work. The Talwar Gallery showcased her works in their first ever exhibition, 'Tying Down', dedicated to Arpita Singh in 2017.
She took on a job with the Cottage Industries Restoration Program, a body of the Government of India. While she worked in the program, she met traditional artists and weavers of India. This is said to have impacted her artwork too.
Arpita Singh has significant contributions through a different social and political awareness. She was a founder member of the artists' group 'The Unknown', along with other alumni of the Department of Fine Arts of Delhi Polytechnic in the 1960s. The first group show of 'The Unknown' was held at IENS Building (now INS Building) at Rafi Marg, New Delhi in 1962.

### First exhibition

Arpita Singh's first exhibition was held at Kunika Chemould Gallery, organised by Roshan Alkazi, New Delhi in 1972.

### Exhibitions thereafter

Post 1972, Arpita Singh extensively showed her work at Royal Academy of Arts at London (1982), the Centre Georges Pompiduo, Paris (1986), show in Geneva (1987) and at the Art Gallery of New South Wales Sydney (1993). She has also participated in the 3rd and 4th Trienniale of New Delhi & at the Havana Biennial in 1987 and the Indo-Greek Cultural Exhibition, in Greece, 1984.
From 1987-89, Arpita organised and participated in the exhibition titled 'Through The Looking Glass' with her contemporaries, the women artists Nalini Malani, Nilima Sheikh, and Madhvi Parekh. The exhibition, featuring works by all four artists, travelled to five non-commercial venues across India. Inspired by a meeting in 1979 with Nancy Spero, May Stevens and Ana Mendieta at the AIR Gallery in New York (the first all-female artists’ cooperative gallery in the US), Malani had planned to organise an exhibition entirely of works by women artists, which failed to materialise due to a lack of interest and support.
Her works have been exhibited at ‘Modern and Contemporary Indian Art’ at Vadehra Art Gallery, New Delhi, 2006; 'Progressive to Altermodern: 62 Years of Indian Modern Art' at Grosvenor Gallery, London, 2009; 'Kalpana: Figurative Art in India' presented by the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) at Aicon Gallery, London, 2009; 'The Root of Everything' at Gallery Mementos, Bangalore, 2009.
Her recent and select solo exhibitions include Work on Paper at Vadehra Art Gallery, 2016.
Singh's work was included in the 2021 exhibition Women in Abstraction at the Centre Pompidou. Her work was also included in the 2022 exhibition Women Painting Women at the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth.

### Style

Arpita Singh's early paintings were mainly water colors on paper. She would paint usually in black and white ink.
By the 80s, she started to paint Bengali folk paintings with women as the focus. She would use vibrant colors in a rather restrained way and her palette is usually dominated by pinks and blues. Her paintings would show women doing daily work and following simple routines in their lives. Arpita would draw daily use objects like trees, flowers, flower vases, animals, teapots, pillows, festoons and flags, and show women surrounded by them. Child Bride with Swan (1985) and Girl Smoking Cigarette (1985) are examples of her protagonists, leading uncomplicated lives and deaths.
In the 90s, Arpita's style of painting shifted to oil on canvas, but she continued to paint women-centric art. A lot of women emotions started to become evident in her paintings - Joy, sorrow, hope, and many more. She painted a series of paintings on the subject "Women with a Girl Child" in the last decade of 20th century. Arpita would showcase the problems like hatred, social injustice, etc. faced by a contemporary woman in her art. She would also paint around the ills related to girl child in India. In some of her paintings the women appear nude, but her paintings do not have sexual overtones and reflect the woman's vulnerability.
Arpita's paintings spoke a lot about wars and situation of turmoil at the national and international level. She would draw objects like guns, knives, cars and planes, soldiers, killers and corpses. India's former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's assassination, the anti-Sikh riots of 1984, communal riots and the Gulf War are some examples. Women would continue to find the center stage in her art and are shown at the receiving end. The White Chair (1983), The series on Ayesha Kidwai, Durga (1993), My Mother (1993) and A Dead Man on the Street: is It You, Krishna (1994) are some of her paintings echoing this mood.

## Reception
### Awards

Arpita Singh has exhibited all over the world, at both individual and group exhibits. She has also won a number of awards for her work. Those include:
* 2014 - Fellowship of Lalit Kala Akademi
* 2011 - Padma Bhushan
* 1998-1999: Kalidas Samman, Bhopal
* 1991 - Parishad Samman, Sahitya Kala Parishad, New Delhi

## Solo Exhibitions
### 2019

Kiran Nadar Museum of Art, Retrospective, New Delhi, India

### 2018

Talwar Gallery, Tying down time II, New York, NY, US

### 2017

Talwar Gallery, Tying down time, New York, NY, US

### 2014

Lalit Kala Akademi, Other Narratives / Other Structures, New Delhi, India

### 2010

Vadehra Art Gallery, Cobweb, New Delhi, India

### 2006

Vadehra Art Gallery, Picture Postcard 2003 – 2006, New Delhi, India

### 2003

Bose Pacia Modern, Memory Jars, New York, NY, US

### 1997

Gallery Chemould, Selected Works, Mumbai, India

### 1996

Centre for International Modern Art, Kolkata, India

### 1994

Gallery Espace, Drawing 94, New Delhi, India

### 1993

Foundation for Indian Artists, Amsterdam, Netherlands

### 1992

Center for Contemporary Art, New Delhi, India

### 1985

Art Heritage, New Delhi, India

### 1976

Pundole Art Gallery, Mumbai, India

### 1975

Dhoomimal Art Gallery, New Delhi, India

### 1972

Kunika Chemould Gallery, New Delhi, India

## Selected Group Exhibitions
### 2024

Turner Contemporary, Beyond Form: Lines of Abstraction, 1950-1970, Margate, England

### 2021

Centre Pompidou, Elles font l'abstraction (Women in abstraction), Paris, France
13th Gwangju Biennale, Minds Rising, Spirits Tuning, Gwangju, South Korea
Mori Art Museum, Another Energy: Power to Continue Challenging, Tokyo, Japan
M+ Museum, Individuals, Networks, Expressions, Hong Kong
Talwar Gallery, as the wind blows, New York, NY, US

### 2020

1st Asia Society Triennale, We Do Not Dream Alone, New York, NY, US

### 2014

Kiran Nadar Museum of Art (KNMA), Is it what you think?, New Delhi, India

### 2013

Museo Nacional de Centro Reina Sofia, Construction and Individual Mythology, Madrid, Spain
Peabody Essex Museum, Midnight to the Boom: Painting in India after Independence, Salem, MA, US
Cleveland Institute of Art, Men in Isolation, Cleveland, OH, US

### 2012

Fukuoka Asian Art Museum, Women In-Between: Asian Women Artists 1984-2012, Japan
National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), Iconography in the 20th Century, Mumbai, India

### 2011

Harmony Art Foundation, Fabular Bodies: New Narratives in the Art of the Miniature, Mumbai, India
Oglethorpe University Museum of Art, Goddess, Lion, Peasant, Priest: Modern and Contemporary Indian Art from the collection of Shelley and Donald Rubin, Atlanta, GA, US

### 2009

Museum of Fine Arts (MFA), Bharat Ratna! Jewels of Modern Indian Art, Boston, MA, US

### 2008

Institut Valencia d’Art Modern (IVAM) & Casa Asia, Modern India, Valencia, Spain
Royal Cultural Centre, Moderns, Amman, Jordan

### 2007

Kunstmuseum Bern, Horn Please: Narratives in Contemporary Indian Art, Switzerland
Rose Art Museum, Tiger by the Tail: Women Artists in India Transforming Culture, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA

### 2002

Sahmat @ Rabindra Bhavan, Ways of Resisting, New Delhi, India

### 1997

National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), The Self and the World, New Delhi, India
National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), Image-Beyond Image: Contemporary Indian Paintings from the Collection of Glenbarra Art Museum, Japan, New Delhi, India

### 1996

Asia Society, Traditions & Tensions, New York, NY, US

### 1993

Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW), India Songs, Sydney, Australia

### 1989

Center for Contemporary Art, Through the Looking Glass, New Delhi, India

### 1988

Kuwait National Museum, Selections from the Contemporary Figurative Indian Art, Kuwait City

### 1987

2nd Biennale, Havana, Cuba
Algiers Biennale, Algeria

### 1986

Centre Georges Pompidou, Festival of India, Paris, France
Roopankar Biennale, Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal, India

### 1982

Royal Academy of Arts, Festival of India, London, UK
5th Triennial India, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi, India

### 1977

Lalit Kala Akademi, Pictorial Space, curated by Geeta Kapur, New Delhi, India

### 1975

3rd Triennial India, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi, India

### 1963

Kunika Chemould Gallery, In memory of Sailoz Mookerjea, New Delhi, India

### 1960-62

The Unknowns, New Delhi, India

## Publications

2018: Arpita Singh: Tying down time, Talwar Gallery