OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pietro Ferrero (anarchist)

Pietro Ferrero (Grugliasco, 12 May 1892 - Turin, 18 December 1922) was an Italian anarchist and trade unionist. He was assassinated by fascist blackshirts during the 1922 Turin massacre.
Pietro Ferrero was born in Grugliasco near Turin on 12 May 1892. In 1905 he joined the Social Studies Centre in the Barriera di Milano neighbourhood in Turin, which transformed itself into a Modern School along the principles developed by the Spanish libertarian Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia. In 1918 he was hired at the Fiat automobile factory.
During World War I Ferrero was active in the General Confederation of Labour (Italian: Confederazione Generale del Lavoro, CGdL) militating in the revolutionary current against the reformist wing of the union. Since 1915 and for the duration of the war, he worked as a militarized worker at the Turin Arsenal, carrying out active propaganda against the participation of workers in the Industrial Mobilization Committees (Italian: Comitato di Mobilitazione Industriale). In 1917, together with anarchist comrades of the Barriera di Milano neighbourhood, he took part in the riots in Turin against the employers and the war.
In 1919 he was elected secretary of the Turin section of the Federation of Metal Workers Employees (Italian: Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici, FIOM). Ferrero, who began collaborating with the journal L'Ordine Nuovo, headed by Antonio Gramsci, from 1919, became one of the most prominent dissidents at FIOM congresses. He was involved in much workplace agitation and many strikes. In April 1920, he was active in the strike against the unilateral decision of Fiat to shift working hours from standard time to daylight saving time leading to the occupation of the factories in September 1920, during the Biennio Rosso.
As a proponent of an intransigent line, Ferrero refused any compromise solution and therefore opposed the decision to hand over occupied factories following the agreement between the employers' federation Confindustria and the General Confederation of Labour at a meeting chaired by Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti in Rome, which led to the end of the factory occupations. At the national congress of FIOM, convened in Milan from 16 to 21 September 1920 to ratify that agreement, Ferrero fought hard but in vain against the agreement.
On 18 December 1922, he was killed by fascist gangs under the command of Piero Brandimarte during the massacre in Turin. After being tortured, fascists tied Ferrero to a truck and dragged him, presumably still alive, at full speed through the Corso Vittorio Emanuele. After that Ferrero was dumped at the foot of the statue of King Vittorio Emanuele II. His unrecognizable corpse (identified only by a document he was wearing) was found at the foot of the statue.
# National Security Council coordinator for strategic communications

The National Security Council Coordinator for Strategic Communications is a U.S. government official operating within the National Security Council. Similar to a press secretary or public affairs officer, this position is responsible for coordinating "interagency efforts to explain United States policy", often through public briefings and media interviews. Like the National Security Advisor they are appointed directly by the President and do not require Senate approval.

## History

On May 20, 2022, President Biden named John Kirby as the National Security Council Coordinator for Strategic Communications. Kirby is the first to occupy this position, which reports to the National Security Advisor. Prior to his appointment as Coordinator for Strategic Communications, Kirby had been rumored as a potential replacement for the outgoing White House Press Secretary.
While cabinet-level departments typically employ their own public affairs staff, the unique role of the National Security Council within the United States is reflected in the range of topics on which the Coordinator for Strategic Communications has been asked to comment, which include abortion policy within the Department of Defense, the provision of weapons to Ukraine, and the impact of the 2023 Chinese balloon incident on foreign relations of the United States. The Coordinator for Strategic Communications has appeared in briefings organized by the State Department and White House.

## List of National Security Council Coordinators for Strategic Communications

| Tenure | Coordinator | President | National Security Advisor |
| 2022–Present | John Kirby | Joe Biden | Jake Sullivan |

## Links

Appearances by current Coordinator for Strategic Communications on C-SPAN
# 1966 Danish general election

General elections were held in Denmark on 22 November 1966, although in Greenland the elections were held on 6 December 1966. The Social Democratic Party remained the largest in the Folketing, with 69 of the 179 seats. Voter turnout was 89% in Denmark proper, 49% in the Faroe Islands and 59% in Greenland (where only one of the two constituencies was contested as the other had only one candidate who was elected unopposed).

## Results

| Denmark proper ||||||
| | Social Democrats | 1,068,911 | 38.26 | 69 | –7 |
| | Venstre | 539,027 | 19.29 | 35 | –3 |
| | Conservative People's Party | 522,028 | 18.68 | 34 | –2 |
| | Socialist People's Party | 304,437 | 10.90 | 20 | +10 |
| | Danish Social Liberal Party | 203,858 | 7.30 | 13 | +3 |
| | Liberal Centre | 69,180 | 2.48 | 4 | New |
| | Independent Party | 44,994 | 1.61 | 0 | –5 |
| | Communist Party of Denmark | 21,553 | 0.77 | 0 | 0 |
| | Justice Party of Denmark | 19,905 | 0.71 | 0 | 0 |
| | Independents | 114 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 2,794,007 | 100.00 | 175 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 2,794,007 | 99.70 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 8,297 | 0.30 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 2,802,304 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,162,352 | 88.61 | | |
| Faroe Islands ||||||
| | Social Democratic Party | 3,864 | 36.56 | 1 | 0 |
| | People's Party | 3,549 | 33.58 | 1 | +1 |
| | Union Party | 3,156 | 29.86 | 0 | –1 |
| Total | Total | 10,569 | 100.00 | 2 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 10,569 | 99.51 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 52 | 0.49 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 10,621 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 21,754 | 48.82 | | |
| Greenland ||||||
| | Independents | 6,535 | 100.00 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 6,535 | 100.00 | 2 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 6,535 | 98.05 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 130 | 1.95 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 6,665 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 11,289 | 59.04 | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver, Danmarks Statistik ||||||

### By constituency

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Notes |
| Greenland (Northern Constituency) ||||||
| | Knud Hertling | Independent | | | Elected unopposed |
| Total | Total | Total | | | |
| Greenland (Southern Constituency) ||||||
| | Nikolaj Rosing | Independent | 3,677 | 56.27 | Elected |
| | Ulrik Rosing | Inuit Party | 1,367 | 20.92 | |
| | Erling Høegh | Independent | 1,291 | 19.76 | |
| | Jørgen Olsen | Independent | 200 | 3.06 | |
| Total | Total | Total | 6,535 | 100.00 | |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 6,535 | 98.05 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 130 | 1.95 | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,665 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 11,289 | 59.04 | |
| Source: Danmarks Statistik ||||||
# Gaston, Prince of Viana

Gaston, Prince of Viana, also called Gaston de Foix (1445 – 23 November 1470), was the son and heir of Gaston IV, Count of Foix, and Infanta Eleanor of Navarre (later Queen of Navarre). As the expected successor to his mother and his grandfather, John II of Navarre, he was called Prince of Viana.
Gaston married Magdalena of Valois, a daughter of Charles VII of France and Marie of Anjou on 7 March 1461 at Lescar. They had two children:
* Francis Phoebus, 1467–1483, King of Navarre 1479–1483
* Catherine, 1470–1517, Queen-regnant of Navarre 1483–1517
Gaston died in 1470 from wounds received in a jousting tournament in Libourne, Aquitaine, before his accession to the throne of Navarre. Consequently, his children rose to the throne successively, but it was Gaston's wife Magdalena who actually pulled the strings of the crown until 1494.
# Viktor Modzolevsky

Viktor Modzolevsky (Russian: Виктор Игоревич Модзолевский; 13 April 1943 – 20 November 2011) was a Soviet fencer. He won a silver medal in the team épée event at the 1968 Summer Olympics and a bronze in the same event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was a coach of the Russian national team in the 1990s.
Modzolevsky died in a road accident on 20 November 2011 in way Tula - Voronezh (Don Highway). He was 68.
# Karl Höchberg

Karl Höchberg (8 September 1853 – 21 June 1885) was a German social-reformist writer, publisher and economist, who acted under the pseudonyms Dr. Ludwig Richter and R.F. Seifert.
In 1876, he became a member of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP). From 1877 to 1878, he was responsible for editing the Zukunft ("Future") magazine. He was in exile in Switzerland from 1878 onwards, first to avoid conscription to the Prussian military, and then due to the anti-socialist laws. Eduard Bernstein and Karl Kautsky were his secretaries and pupils in Zurich. Afterwards, between 1879 and 1881, he was editor of the Jahrbuch für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik ("Yearbook for Social Science and Social Politics").
# Francis Phoebus

Francis Phoebus (Basque: Frantzisko Febus, French: François Fébus, Occitan: Francés Fèbus, Spanish: Francisco Febo; 4 December 1467 – 7 January 1483) was King of Navarre (1479–1483), Viscount of Bearn, and Count of Foix (1472). He was the son of Gaston, Prince of Viana, and grandson of Queen Eleanor, whom he succeeded. She recommended him to ally with France.
He succeeded to the throne of Navarre in 1479 after the death of his grandmother Eleanor of Navarre. His succession was approved by the Agramont party, while the Beaumont party fell behind Ferdinand the Catholic who started to build up political and military pressure on the Kingdom of Navarre in the run-up to the fully-fledged invasion of 1512.
During his brief reign, he was under the protection of his mother, the regent Magdalena of Valois. He died young while playing the pipe, arguably poisoned. He was buried in Lescar.
# Nelė Žilinskienė

Nelė Žilinskienė (née Savickytė, born 29 December 1969) is a lithuanian retired female high jumper. Born in Telšiai, her personal best jump, first cleared in Vilnius in July 1994, was 1.96 metres. She again cleared this height when finishing fifth in the 1996 Olympic final.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Lithuania |||||
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 20th (q) | 1.90 m |
| 1993 | World Indoor Championships | Toronto, Canada | 11th | 1.88 m |
| 1993 | Universiade | Buffalo, United States | 2nd | 1.95 m |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 15th (q) | 1.90 m |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 3rd | 1.93 m |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 8th | 1.93 m |
| 1996 | European Indoor Championships | Stockholm, Sweden | 4th | 1.94 m |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 5th | 1.96 m |
| 1997 | World Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 6th | 1.95 m |
| 1998 | Goodwill Games | Uniondale, United States | 4th | 1.93 m |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 16th (q) | 1.87 m |
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 17th (q) | 1.89 m |
| 2000 | European Indoor Championships | Ghent, Belgium | 10th (q) | 1.85 m |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 21st (q) | 1.89 m |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 16th (q) | 1.88 m |
# Caravan city

A caravan city is a city located on and deriving its prosperity from its location on a major trans-desert trade route. The term is believed to have been coined by the scholar of antiquity, Michael Rostovtzeff, for his work O Blijnem Vostoke, published in English as Caravan Cities in 1932. The English translation of the work dealt principally with Petra, Jerash, Palmyra and Dura in the "near east", after Rhodes, Cyprus and Mycenaean Greece were removed from the translation as not being caravan cities. Dura, too, has been later considered to be more than a caravan city.
Other caravan cities include Aroer in Jordan, Hatra in Iraq, Oualata in Mauritania, Damascus in Syria, and Samarkand in Uzbekistan.
The caravan cities of the Near East declined as the small trade states between the Roman and Persian empires were gradually absorbed by the two, and the "wall mentality" became dominant, that is, construction of defensive systems (Roman limes and Persian defense lines) and implementation of trade through a single point, the city of Nisibis.
# K'gari (Fraser Island) Great Walk

The K'gari (Fraser Island) Great Walk is a long-distance walking track on K'gari, Queensland, Australia. Hikers should be fully self-sufficient and to carry sufficient water. The walk is rated easy to moderate on a difficulty scale being mostly at sea level and is traversed in one direction.
It leads from Dilli Village, an environmental education camp of the University of the Sunshine Coast, to Happy Valley. The entire 90 km walk, which includes numerous smaller walks branching off the main trail, can be completed in 6 to 8 days. The Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS) provides 8 walkers' camps for which a booking is essential.
The landscape during the walk changes between coastal heathland, mangrove forest, woodland and subtropical rainforest. The crystal-clear lakes and sand dunes are the highlights of this track. Due to the rain season, it is better not to do this hike from January to March.
A 40-kilometre (25-mile) extension to the walk from Lake Garawongera to Arch Cliffs, was developed by volunteers in 2010 and increased the length of the main trail to 90 kilometres (56 miles).
# Pat Cullen

Patricia Yvonne Cullen (née McAleer; born 1965) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician, trade unionist and nurse who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Fermanagh and South Tyrone since 2024. Cullen was the Chief Executive and General Secretary of the Royal College of Nursing from July 2021 to May 2024.

## Early life

Cullen was born Patricia Yvonne McAleer in Carrickmore, County Tyrone, the youngest of seven children born to farmer Paddy McAleer and his wife, Annie. The decision of the eldest sister, Birdie, to become a nurse inspired Pat to follow the same career. Her brother and four of her five sisters all became nurses. Pat's other sister had a learning disability, which prompted Pat to study mental health nursing.

## Career

Cullen worked as a community nurse in west Belfast during the Troubles. During a period as a nurse trainee at Holywell Hospital in Antrim when she was 18, Cullen wrote a letter of complaint to hospital management about their "token economy" policy, whereby psychiatric patients had important personal possessions confiscated as punishment for "difficult" behaviour. She succeeded in having the hospital soften the policy. She later became a registered psychotherapist. Cullen went on to hold roles at the Public Health Agency and the Health and Social Care Board, before joining the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) in 2016. In May 2019, she became director of the Northern Ireland Board of the RCN. She started acting as General Secretary and Chief Executive in April 2021, and was appointed as interim General Secretary and Chief Executive of the UK-wide RCN in July 2021.
In late 2022, she led the National Health Service strikes in which English and Welsh nurses went on strike for the first time in the nursing union's 106-year history. In April 2023, her union announced a strike on May bank holiday weekend (30 April to 2 May) after RCN members rejected the pay offer.
In 2023, Cullen was described by the New Statesman as ”one of the UKs most prominent Trade Union leaders”, being placed at No.15 in their list of the most powerful left-wing figures of the year, above many elected politicians.
In May 2024, Cullen announced she was stepping down from her role at the RCN in order to stand as a candidate for Fermanagh and South Tyrone in the 2024 United Kingdom general election. On 4 July she was duly elected as Sinn Féin MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, succeeding fellow Sinn Féin member Michelle Gildernew and increasing the party's majority from 0.1% to 8.9% of the vote. Like all Sinn Féin UK MPs, she follows an abstentionist policy and has not taken her seat in Westminster.

## Personal life

She is married to Enda Cullen, who is a general practitioner in Belfast.
# Abelardo Rico

Abelardo Rico (born 1889, date of death unknown) was an Argentine sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Botanic Garden, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University

The Botanic Garden, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University (金沢大学理学部附属植物園, Kanazawa Daigaku Rigakubu Fuzoku Shokubutsuen) is a botanical garden operated by Kanazawa University. It is located at the university's Kakuma Campus in Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
The garden was established in 1949, and in 1995 moved to its current location. Its mission is to advance botanical research and education, and to conserve genetic resources. It publishes the "Annual report of Botanic Garden, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University".
# Adilet Sadybekov

Adilet Nurkenuly Sadybekov (Kazakh: Әділет Нұркенұлы Садыбеков; born 26 May 2002) is a Kazakh footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kairat and the Kazakhstan national team.

## Club career

On 14 June 2022, Kairat announced the signing of Sadybekov on a contract until the end of 2024.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 31 August 2022
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Kairat | 2021 | Kazakhstan Premier League | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Kairat Moscow | 2021–22 | FNL2 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 11 | 1 |
| Kairat | 2022 | Kazakhstan Premier League | 6 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 17 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 3 |
* ↑ Zero appearances in the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League or UEFA Europa Conference League
* 1 2 Appearances in the Kazakhstan Super Cup
* ↑ Appearances in the UEFA Europa League

### International

Kazakhstan national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2022 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 1 | 0 |
Statistics accurate as of match played 25 September 2022
# 1996 Turkish F-16 shootdown

On 8 October 1996, seven months after the escalation of the Imia/Kardak crisis, a Greek Mirage 2000 reportedly fired an R.550 Magic II missile and shot down a Turkish F-16D over the Aegean Sea near Chios island. The Turkish pilot died, while the co-pilot ejected and was rescued by Greek forces. In August 2012, after the downing of a RF-4E on the Syrian Coast, Turkish Defense Minister İsmet Yılmaz confirmed that the Turkish F-16D was shot down by a Greek Mirage 2000 with an R.550 Magic II in 1996 after allegedly violating Greek airspace near Chios island. Greece denies that the F-16 was shot down. Both Mirage 2000 pilots reported that the F-16 caught fire and they saw one parachute.

## Background

Greece–Turkey relations have always been tense over the disputes in the Aegean Sea. For years, more frequently than not, HAF and TAF pilots have engaged in mock dogfights over the Aegean sea. Greece accuses Turkey of violating its airspace thousands of times over the past few decades. In multiple cases these mock dog fights have ended in deadly accidents with either side losing a fighter jet and at times their own pilots.

## Event

On the afternoon of October 8, 1996, 2 Turkish F-16s and 4 F-4s were on a SEAD training mission over the Aegean when they violated Greek airspace north of Chios. 2 Greek Dassault Mirage 2000 jets, one flown by captain Thanos Grivas were sent to intercept the Turkish jets. After being reported to refuse to leave Greek airspace just north of Samos during the ensuing dog fight, a Turkish F-16 piloted by Captain Nail Erdoğan and his co pilot Lieutenant Colonel Osman Çiçekli was shot down by a R.550 Magic missile from Thanos Grivas's jet. The co-pilot, Lieutenant Colonel Osman Çiçekli survived by using his ejection seat but Captain Nail Erdoğan did not eject and was reported to have died in the crash. Turkish Navy, with help from Greece was conducting a detailed search activity where the plane was assumed to have crashed. Aydın class mine hunters M-266 TCG Amasra and M-268 TCG Akçakoca, and the salvage ship A-589 TCG Işın were searching for the wreck of the plane since 14 April 2014, while fast attack craft P-341 TCG Martı provided escort. The search eventually ended with the body of Nail Erdogan unable to be found. At first there were only rumors that the F-16 was shot down until, in 2003, a former Turkish naval commander confirmed that a Greek warplane had shot down a Turkish F-16 fighter in the Aegean in 1996. In 2012, after the downing of a Turkish RF-4E on the Syrian Coast, Turkish Defence Minister İsmet Yılmaz confirmed that the Turkish F-16D was shot down by a Greek Mirage 2000 with an R.550 Magic II in 1996 after violating Greek airspace near Chios island.

## Aftermath

In 2014 Turkish prosecutors tried to seek the indictment of Greek officials over the 1996 crash of a Turkish F-16 warplane in the Aegean Sea. Greece had denied it being shot down and both Mirage pilots reported that the Turkish F-16 caught fire at random and only saw one parachute.
# (533560) 2014 JM80

(533560) 2014 JM$_{80}$ (provisional designation 2014 JM$_{80}$) is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO) from the scattered disc in the outermost Solar System, approximately 340 kilometers (210 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 9 May 2010 by astronomers with the Pan-STARRS-1 survey at the Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, in the United States. According to American astronomer Michael Brown, it is "possibly" a dwarf planet.

## Orbit and classification

2014 JM$_{80}$ orbits the Sun at a distance of 46.0–80.2 AU once every 500 years and 11 months (182,969 days; semi-major axis of 63.07 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.27 and an inclination of 20° with respect to the ecliptic.
This distant minor planet is a trans-Neptunian object and a member of the scattered disc population. Scattered-disc objects are thought to have been ejected from the classical Kuiper belt into their current orbits by gravitational interactions with Neptune, and typically have highly eccentric orbits and perihelia of less than 38 AU.
2014 JM$_{80}$ has also been considered a detached object, since its relatively low eccentricity of 0.27, and its perihelion distance of 46.0 AU are hard to reconcile with the celestial mechanics of a scattered-disc object. This has led to some uncertainty as to the current theoretical understanding of the outermost Solar System. The theories include close stellar passages, unseen planet/rogue planets/planetary embryos in the early Kuiper belt, and resonance interaction with an outward-migrating Neptune. The Kozai mechanism is capable of transferring orbital eccentricity to a higher inclination.
With an orbital period of 500 years, and similar to 2015 FJ345, it seems to be a resonant trans-Neptunian objects in a 1:3 resonance with Neptune,$^{:12}$ as several other objects, but with a lower eccentricity (0.27 instead of more than 0.60) and a higher perihelia (at 45.8 AU rather than 31–41 AU). 2014 JM$_{80}$ seems to belong to the same group as 2005 TB$_{190}$.