OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mymensingh Museum

Mymensingh Museum (Bengali: ময়মনসিংহ জাদুঘর) is located at the Baganbari of zamindar Madan Babu at 17 Amrita Babu Road, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The museum, which began as an important regional institution for preservation of locally collected historical evidence, lacks proper preservation. Its objective is to preserve the rare and unique relics of local architecture, sculpture, metal works, utensils, handwritten scripts on paper and leaf, and commercial products. Collected from the palaces of Mymensingh District zamindars, the museum's initial collection included 214 articles. They are housed in three rooms within the museum.

## History

The museum was established in 1969 at the initiative of the-then Deputy Commissioner of Mymensingh. Initially run by the Mymensingh Municipality, the Department of Archaeology, Cultural Affairs Ministry took charge of the museum in 1989. By 1995, it was enlisted in the gazette.

## Collections

The collection includes manuscripts and coins, though many are not on display due to insufficient showcase space. A peacock mummy comes from Mymensingh Medical College. Bamboo and cane items, preserved birds, photographs and pottery were damaged during a renovation in 1999–2001.
Several articles were collected from zamindar palaces. The Muktagacha zamindar palace contribution includes a stone flower vase, a compass, antique clocks, Bakharee (an ornament), pottery, weaving machines, ornamental flower tub stands, candle stands, iron shelves and sports items; statuary and sculptures include those of Saraswati, Vishnu, and a dragon; natural history items include a tiger head, two deer heads, and the head of a wild bull. Elephant heads, a sofa set, Italian statues, and a huge shade used during hunting come from the Gouripur zamindar palace. A rhinoceros hide and a table with a marble stone top were acquired from The Atharabari zamindar palace. The museum contains many paintings of rural Bengal.
# Al-Salam–Carlitz polynomials

In mathematics, Al-Salam–Carlitz polynomials U$^{(a)}$ $_n$(x;q) and V$^{(a)}$ $_n$(x;q) are two families of basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials in the basic Askey scheme, introduced by Waleed Al-Salam and Leonard Carlitz (1965). Roelof Koekoek, Peter A. Lesky, and René F. Swarttouw (2010, 14.24, 14.25) give a detailed list of their properties.

## Definition

The Al-Salam–Carlitz polynomials are given in terms of basic hypergeometric functions by
    $U_{n}^{(a)}(x;q)=(-a)^{n}q^{n(n-1)/2}_{2}\phi _{1}(q^{-n},x^{-1};0;q,qx/a)$
    $V_{n}^{(a)}(x;q)=(-a)^{n}q^{-n(n-1)/2}_{2}\phi _{0}(q^{-n},x;-;q,q^{n}/a)$
# Colonnade Hotel

The Colonnade Hotel (previously known as The Esplanade hotel) is a 4-star London hotel with 43 rooms, of which three are suites. The hotel is located opposite Warwick Avenue Underground station and Little Venice.

## History

The hotel started life as two private Victorian residences in 1865 before being turned into a boarding school in 1880. In 1886, it became the Warrington Lodge Medical and Surgery Home for Ladies.
The mathematician Alan Turing was born there in 1912. In 1935 the hospital was converted into The Esplanade Hotel.
Sigmund Freud stayed at the hotel during the summer of 1938 when he was renovating his house in Hampstead. To honour his stay the hotel renamed the best suite the "Sigmund Freud suite".
In 1944, the hotel was bought by the Cardenas family and its name was changed to the Colonnade Hotel. The hotel changed hands again in 1998 when it was purchased and renovated by the current owners, The Eton Collection.

## Location

The hotel's postcode is W9 1ER. The nearest London Underground station is Warwick Avenue on the Bakerloo line.

## Awards

* Conde Nast Johanssens Award for Excellence 2002 – Most Excellent London Hotel
* Best Loved Hotels of the World – designated a Best Loved Hotel 2004
# Véronique Nichanian

Véronique Nichanian (born May 3, 1954) is a French fashion designer and the artistic director of Hermès' menswear division, a position she has held since 1988.

## Early life and education

Nichanian was born in France and studied at the École de la Chambre Syndicale de la Couture Parisienne.

## Career

In 1976, Nichanian began her career at Cerruti, working under Nino Cerruti, before joining Hermès in 1988 to lead its menswear division. At Hermès, her focus has been developing menswear collections that incorporate new textiles and materials.
Nichanian's collections emphasize fabric selection and subtle modifications to classic menswear styles rather than major seasonal shifts. Nichanian has been noted for being one of the few women leading a menswear division at a major luxury fashion house.
According to Women's Wear Daily, Nichanian is the longest-serving fashion creative director, having held her role for 36 years as of 2024.
# Szymany, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Szymany (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobra, within Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Frédérique Matla

Frédérique Matla (born 28 December 1996) is a Dutch professional field hockey player.
Matla was part of the Netherlands Junior National Team at the 2016 Junior World Cup where the team finished second, and also finished as top scorer for the tournament, with 12 goals.
# 2017 Zadar flash flood

On 11 September 2017, the Croatian city of Zadar and the surrounding area were affected by a mesoscale convective system producing extreme rainfall, which caused a flash flood. Around 300 millimetres (12 in) of rain, threefold the monthly average for September, was recorded during 24 hours on 10–11 September. Nearly 190 mm (7.5 in) fell in the space of two hours in the morning of 11 September. Outside Zadar, flooding occurred in Sali and Sukošan. The town of Nin was the worst hit, as the floodwaters overwhelmed its embankment, and a state of emergency was declared there. There were no fatalities. The flood caused an estimated 322 million Croatian kuna in damage (€43 million). Numerous houses, apartments and institutions were damaged, including Zadar cemetery, hospitals, roads and a shopping mall. The torrent damaged the frame of an apartment complex in construction. The roads Zadar–Ražanac and Poljica-Brig – Nin were washed out. Zadar's water treatment plant suffered 10 million kuna in damage, while the cost to repair roads was estimated to be over 4 million kuna. The salt ponds in Nin lost the year's salt harvest to the flood.
The rainfall and flooding was caused by the terrain surrounding the city. Zadar, a coastal city, lies in the flat region of Ravni Kotari. However, the Velebit mountain range extends along the coast behind Ravni Kotari, and caused the storms arriving from Tyrrhenian Sea in the west to undergo orographic lift and continually produce rain while passing over Zadar. The mesoscale convective system responsible for the flood spanned over 400 kilometres (250 mi) east–west, and reached a temperature of −65 °C (−85 °F) at the cloud tops. Over 25,000 lightning strikes were recorded near Zadar. 285 mm (11.2 in) of rain fell in Zadar proper, while 325 mm (12.8 in) was recorded in nearby Zemunik. While the rainfall amount was extremely high, it did not break Zemunik's daily record of 352.2 mm (13.87 in), which was set during the flood of 11 September 1986.
On 11 September 2017, Zadar was pronounced to have recorded the most rainfall of all meteorological stations on earth for this date, beating out rainfall totals caused by Hurricane Irma in Florida, while Gospić was placed 8th. However, the data was later corrected to include a higher total for Alabat Island, Philippines, due to Tropical Storm Maring.
# Michaelsberg (Gundelsheim)

Michaelsberg (Gundelsheim) is a hill near Gundelsheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
49°17′34″N 9°09′15″E﻿ / ﻿49.29278°N 9.15417°E﻿ / 49.29278; 9.15417
* This Baden-Württemberg location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Adolf Froelich

Adolf Froelich (December 24, 1887 – November 1943) was a Polish inventor, dentist and participant in the Polish-Soviet War.

## Curriculum vitae

Adolf Froelich was born in Łaziska, Opole Lubelskie County, Congress Poland, to parents Reinhold Froelich and Antonina Wilhelmina Józefina Froelich (née Majewska). He studied brewing technology at the scientific department Weihenstephan of the Technical University of Munich in Freising. Furthermore, he studied dentistry. He got his dentist approbation in 1918. As a dentist he worked inter alia in Jędrzejów. In 1932 he invented the double propeller. He was officer (rank: lieutenant) of the Polish Armed Forces. As a dentist he took part in the Polish-Soviet War being a member of the 9th Infantry Division. He died in Warsaw.
# VL Humu

The VL Humu (Whirlwind) is a Finnish fighter aircraft, designed by Valtion lentokonetehdas in 1944, and based on the American Brewster F2A Buffalo.

## Design and development

The Finnish Air Force had acquired 40+ surplus B-239 naval variants of the Brewster Buffalo and put them to good use during the Winter War, so it was decided in 1942 to produce a copy due to aircraft shortages. Chief designer Martti Vainio, along with designers Torsti Verkkola, Arvo Ylinen at Valtion Lentokonetehdas were tasked with designing the new aircraft as well as a replacement wing made of wood instead of metal.
The Humu was largely constructed out of wood due to scarcity of metals, but the frame was made from steel and its design followed closely that of the Brewster. It was planned that captured Soviet engines and instrument panels would be used. It was powered by a 930 hp Shvetsov M-63 engine, previously tested on a Brewster. The wooden wing added 250 kg of extra weight and moving the fuels tanks from the wing to the aft fuselage adversely affected maneuverability due to the center of gravity being shifted.
The first flight took place on 8 August 1944. Later flight testing gave a total flight time of 19 hours and 50 minutes. The aircraft was 250 kg (551 lb) heavier than calculated, its engine was underpowered, and it was felt that the fighter would not be able to compete against enemy aircraft. The end of the Continuation War in September 1944, combined with the aircraft's poor performance, however, put the end to the project.

## Operators
### Finland

* Finnish Air Force

## Aircraft on display

The sole Humu, HM-671, was placed in storage in 1945. It was restored between 1972 and 1974 and is displayed at the Central Finland Aviation museum.

## Specifications (VL Humu)

Data from https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.php?aircraft_id=1585
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 8.03 m (26 ft 4 in)
* Wingspan: 10.67 m (35 ft 0 in)
* Height: 3.66 m (12 ft 0 in)
* Wing area: 19.4 m$^2$ (209 sq ft)
* Airfoil: root: NACA 23018; tip: NACA 23009
* Empty weight: 1,950 kg (4,299 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 2,900 kg (6,393 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Shvetsov M-63 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 746 kW (1,000 hp)
* Propellers: 3-bladed variable-pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 430 km/h (270 mph, 230 kn)
* Range: 1,250 km (780 mi, 670 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
* Rate of climb: 10.16 m/s (2,000 ft/min)
Armament
* Guns: 2 × 12.7 mm LKk/42 machine guns
# VL Kotka

VL Kotka ("Eagle") was a Finnish two-seat, biplane maritime patrol aircraft, designed and built by the Valtion lentokonetehdas or VL ("State Aircraft Factory"). It was meant as a cheaper replacement (compared to the Blackburn Ripon) for the outdated IVL A.22 Hansas that were in service with the Finnish Air Force.
The prototype made its first flight on September 30, 1930. In 1931, the State Aircraft Factory began production of a series of five aircraft. These were used as liaison aircraft until 1944.
One aircraft (KA-147) is on display at the Päijät-Häme Aviation Museum.

## Versions

* VL E.30 Kotka prototype KA-144 - this machine was built by the Finnish Government Aircraft Works, and was a prototype fitted with floats and a Bristol "Jupiter IV" engine.
* VL E.30 Kotka I KA-145, 147 & 148 - three of the production aircraft (KA-145 – KA-148) fitted with regular landing gear (and could equip skis) and Wright R-1820-E Cyclone radial engines, 429 kW (575 hp).
* VL E.30 Kotka I KA-146 - this machine was a Kotka I fitted with the same or very similar floats to the ones the KA-144 Kotka prototype had.
* VL E.31 Kotka II KA-149 - the last, more modified series production aircraft fitted with a Pratt & Whitney R-1690-B Hornet engine, (575 hp).
* VL E.32 Kotka III - cancelled third series due to the type being outdated.

## Operators
### Finland

* Finnish Air Force.

## Specifications (KA-147, land aircraft)

Data from
General characteristics
* Length: 10.25 m (33 ft 8 in)
* Wingspan: 12.7 m (41 ft 8 in)
* Height: 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
* Wing area: 50 m$^2$ (540 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 1,380 kg (3,042 lb)
* Gross weight: 2,380 kg (5,247 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Wright R-1820-E Cyclone 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 429 kW (575 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed Hamilton Standard DWG No 35 B2-2
Performance
* Maximum speed: 225 km/h (140 mph, 121 kn)
* Range: 650 km (400 mi, 350 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 5,600 m (18,400 ft)
Armament
* Guns:
   * 7.7 mm Vickers machine gun on left side of the fuselage (500 rounds)
   * 2 × 7.7 mm Lewis machine guns in the observer's cockpit (8 × 97 rounds)
* Bombs:
   * 3 × 100 kg or 6 × 50 kg bombs under the fuselage
# Delfi AS v. Estonia

Delfi AS v. Estonia (2015) ECtHR 64669/09 is a European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case where the Grand Chamber.

## Facts

The Estonian news site Delfi was held to be liable under Estonian law for anonymous defamatory comments posted online from its readers, even though they would be removed upon request.

## Judgment

By 15-2 majority, the Court held that it was not a violation of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, and its guarantees oof freedom of expression, for Estonian law to make a news site liable for anonymous defamatory comments.

## Significance

The ruling was unexpected, because of potential conflicts with the "actual knowledge" standard of Article 14 of the EU's E-Commerce Directive. The ruling is influential in the development of national and European Union law, particularly leading to the Digital Services Act.
Delfi AS was represented by attorneys-at-law Karmen Turk and Villu Otsmann from pan-Baltic law firm Triniti and the government of Estonia by Maris Kuurberg.
The case was followed shortly by Magyar Tartalomszolgáltatók Egyesülete and Index.hu Zrt v. Hungary, which reached a different conclusion based on slightly different facts.
# Laurence Skelly

Laurence David Skelly MLC is a Manx politician, who has served as President of Tynwald since July 2021.

## Political career

He was elected as one of the three MHKs for Rushen in 2011, with 19.4% of the vote and was re-elected in 2016 as one of the two members for the new Rushen constituency following the boundary review in 2013 with 21% of the vote.
In March 2014 he was appointed Minister for Infrastructure and following the resignation of John Shimmin in July of that year was appointed Minister for Economic Development.
Following the 2016 Manx general election, Skelly considered standing as Chief Minister but decided not to do so and instead continued to hold the Economic Development portfolio within the Howard Quayle administration.
In May 2021 he stated that he will not seek re-election in the 2021 Manx General Election but stated that he would stand for the position of President of Tynwald, the apolitical presiding officer of Tynwald Court and the Legislative Council.
In July 2021, Skelly was elected as President of Tynwald, succeeding Steve Rodan. He defeated Speaker of the House of Keys Juan Watterson by a vote of 20 to 12.

## Election results
### 2011

2011 Manx General Election: Rushen :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Juan Watterson | 3,080 | 29.57% |
| | Independent | Laurence Skelly | 2,021 | 19.40% |
| | Independent | Phil Gawne | 1,942 | 18.64% |
| | Independent | Quintin Gill | 1,722 | 16.53% |
| | Independent | John Orme | 1,195 | 11.47% |
| | Independent | David Jones | 457 | 4.39% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 10,417 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 12 | 0.32% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 5,789 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3749 | 64.76% |

### 2016

In 2014, Tynwald approved recommendations from the Boundary Review Commission which saw the reform of the Island's electoral boundaries.
Under the new system, the Island was divided into 12 constituencies based on population, with each area represented by two members of the House of Keys.
As a result of these changes the constituency was reduced in size and lost one of its three MHKs.
2016 Manx General Election: Rushen :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Juan Watterson | 2,087 | 36.19% |
| | Independent | Laurence Skelly | 1,212 | 21.02% |
| | Independent | Mark Kemp | 1,104 | 19.14% |
| | Independent | James Hampton | 1,033 | 17.91% |
| | Independent | Leo Cussons | 331 | 5.74% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 5,767 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 13 | 0.41% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 5,446 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3173 | 58.26% |

## Governmental positions

* Minister for Department of Economic Development, 2014–present
# Scott Lehrer

Scott Lehrer is a sound designer and audio engineer.

## Awards

Lehrer won a Tony Award for Best Sound Design in 2008, for South Pacific.
# Jhon Obregón

Jhon Adolfo Obregón Quiñones (born 8 February 1990) is a Colombian footballer who plays as a striker for Ayacucho FC.
# Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa

Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa (National Swahili Council, abbreviated as BAKITA) is a Tanzanian institution responsible with regulating and promoting the Kiswahili language.

## Background

Tanganyika and Zanzibar, the two constituents of modern Tanzania, had come under German colonial rule by the 1880s. The territory was inhabited by a large number of ethnic groups speaking different languages. The German colonial government decided to use Kiswahili as the language of administration after becoming fearful that use of German would introduce the local population to subversive Marxist texts. The British, who took over after the defeat of Germany in World War 1 continued this policy.
Swahili has 17 dialects. The Interterritorial Language Committee, in 1930 under British colonial rule in East Africa, was tasked with creating a standardized form of the language. The Kiunjuga dialect spoken in Zanzibar was chosen as the base. The committee was also involved in standardizing the spelling as well as coining some new words. The committee was reorganized into a purely academic institution as Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili (TATAKI) in 1964 and integrated into the University of Dar es Salaam in 1970.
Meanwhile, the Tanganyika African National Union, fighting for freedom from colonial rule, had adopted Kiswahili as a language of mass organization and political revolution. After coming to power, Kiswahili was made the national language and was seen as a tool for national integration and social development. Since Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili had transitioned into a purely academic institution, there was a void with respect to its standardization functions. Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa was founded to fill this void.

## Foundation and activities

BAKITA was founded by a parliamentary act in 1967 as organization dedicated to the development and advocacy of Kiswahili as a means of national integration in Tanzania. Its mission was laid down in this act and further expanded in an amendment passed in 1983. Key activities mandated for the organization include creating a healthy atmosphere for the development of Kiswahili, encouraging use of the language in government and business functions, coordinating activities of other organizations involved with Kiswahili, standardizing the language
BAKITA cooperates with organizations like TATAKI in creation, standardization and dissemination of specialized terminologies. Other institutions can propose new vocabulary to respond to emerging needs but only BAKITA can approve usage. By the end of the 1970s, terminologies had been published in Tafsisru Sanifu, a BAKITA journal, for economics and business, administration and government, mathematics, science, social science and engineering among other fields.
BAKITA coordinates its activities with similar bodies in Kenya and Uganda to aid in the development of Kiswahili.
# Szypłów

Szypłów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Wartą, within Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of Środa Wielkopolska and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Bep Ipenburg

Lamberta "Bep" Ipenburg-Drommel (born 21 June 1936) is a former artistic gymnast from the Netherlands. She competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in all artistic gymnastics event with the best achievement of 14th place in the team all-around.
She won all-round national titles in 1957–1959 and finished second in 1960 and 1961. She married in 1957–1958 and changed her last name from Drommel to Ipenburg-Drommel.
# Menma

Menma (メンマ, 麺麻, 麺碼) is a Japanese condiment made from lacto-fermented bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoots are dried in the sun or through other means before the process of fermentation. Menma is a common topping for noodle soups, notably ramen. Menma is primarily produced in China, with brands imported from southern China and Taiwan being popular. Menma is also known as shinachiku (支那竹), "Chinese bamboo".

## Etymology

The trading company that would later become Marumatsu Bussan had been exporting dried bamboo shoots produced in Taiwan as shinachiku. In 1946, responding to a formal objection to the use of the term Shina from the Taiwanese government, the Japanese Foreign Ministry issued a memorandum recommending that the term be avoided. Marumatsu Bussan founder Shūsui Matsumura claims that he came up with the new product name menma, a portmanteau of ramen (拉麺) and machiku (麻竹), the type of bamboo from which it is made, after seeing it served atop ramen in Yokohama Chinatown. This name could not be trademarked but gradually became accepted as the common name for the condiment as its popularity grew in Japan.
Menma is not, however, customarily eaten atop noodles in Taiwan; the vegetable toppings on the popular noodle dish Zhajiangmian, 菜碼 (Pinyin: càimǎ) were once called 麵碼 (miànmǎ).
# KCGS

KCGS (960 AM) was a radio station serving the Marshall, Arkansas, area with a Christian format. The station was owned by Ichthus Outreach Ministries.

## History

KCGS was under the ownership of Southland Broadcasting Corporation from 2002 to 2008. In late 2008, the station was sold to the Word and Faith Christian Church Inc. for $300,000. Effective December 21, 2012, the station was sold to Steven & Alice Kiefer, through licensee Kiefer Retirement Services, Inc. Steve Kiefer changed the format to reflect a Christian news/talk formula. Steve hosted a live show each weekday morning covering current news and issues from a Biblical perspective.
On April 26, 2017, KCGS filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to transfer the license to Ichthus Outreach Ministries, LLC for $100. The sale was completed on July 10, 2017.
The FCC cancelled the station’s license on November 14, 2024. At the time of the closure, the station had been simulcasting with KCGS-FM (88.1).