OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Castle Creek (Washington)

Castle Creek is a tributary of the North Fork Toutle River on the flank of Mount St. Helens in Washington state. It rises about two miles (three kilometers) northwest of the crater rim (46°13′01″N 122°14′22″W﻿ / ﻿46.21690°N 122.23934°W﻿ / 46.21690; -122.23934﻿ (Castle Creek source)) and flows generally to the northwest. The outflow of Castle Lake joins the creek at the lake's north end (46°15′29″N 122°16′19″W﻿ / ﻿46.258°N 122.272°W﻿ / 46.258; -122.272﻿ (South Fork Castle Creek confluence)) after traveling a few hundred meters on the South Fork Castle Creek. It joins the North Fork Toutle River at 46°16′59″N 122°17′37″W﻿ / ﻿46.28302°N 122.29359°W﻿ / 46.28302; -122.29359﻿ (Castle Creek mouth), elevation 2,200 feet.
Castle Lake was created by an avalanche subsequent to the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens which blocked South Fork Castle Creek. Pre-1980 maps show this area as "Castle Creek Marsh".
# Catherine Creek (Kettle River tributary)

Catherine Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It is a tributary of the Kettle River.
Catherine Creek was named after Catherine Alec, wife of Martin Alec of Ferry, Washington.
# Catheys Creek

Catheys Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Tennessee, a tributary of the Duck River.
Catheys Creek has the name of the local Cathey family of pioneer settlers.
# Darren Ramsammy

Darren Ramsammy (born 23 June 1992) is a former Canadian international cricketer. He played a single ODI for Canada during the World Cricket League. He also represented Canada at the 2011 Under-19 Cricket World Cup Qualifier. His father Roy Ramsammy represented Canada at the ICC Trophy.
# Cayadutta Creek

Cayadutta Creek is a river in Fulton and Montgomery counties in the state of New York. It begins northwest of Gloversville and flows in a general southward direction before flowing into the Mohawk River in Fonda. The Indian meaning of Cayadutta is "rippling waters" or "shallow water running over stones". This stream has commercial and historical importance as the cities of Johnstown and Gloversville lie on its banks.

## Geology

The Cayadutta Creek, or some similarly located stream, was one of the ancient watercourses which drained the southern Adirondack slopes.
# Cedar Creek (Platte River tributary)

Cedar Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Nebraska. It is a tributary to the Platte River.
Cedar Creek was named for the cedar timber lining its banks.
# James Hawes (author)

James Hawes (born 1960) is a British novelist and popular historian who has been an official bestseller in both genres. He has written theatrically released screen adaptations of two of his works, and has appeared as an on-screen contributor in BBCTV's Art That Made Us (2022) and Mozart: Rise of a Genius (2023).

## Early life and education

Hawes grew up in Gloucestershire, Edinburgh and Shropshire. As an undergraduate, he studied German at Hertford College, Oxford. In 1985–1986 he was in charge of CADW excavations at Blaenavon Ironworks, now a UNESCO World Heritage site. He went on to study for a Ph.D. on Nietzsche and German literature 1900–1914 at University College, London in 1987–89, before lecturing in German at Maynooth University (Ollscoil Mhá Nuad), Sheffield University and Swansea University.

## Writing

Hawes has published six novels, two of which he has adapted as films, starring Rhys Ifans and Michael Sheen respectively. The first two, A White Merc with Fins (1996) and Rancid Aluminium (1997) were both Sunday Times bestsellers.
In 2005 Random House published his novel Speak for England, which predicted Brexit so accurately that in April 2017 the Observer declared "it deserves some kind of prescience prize" (Observer 23.4.2017). His Kafka biography, Excavating Kafka (2008), was adapted as a BBCTV documentary, Kafka Uncovered (2009). Englanders and Huns, a detailed history of Anglo-German relationships from 1864 to 1914, was shortlisted in the Paddy Power Political Books of the Year 2015.
His journalism and book-reviews have been widely and prominently published.
He taught on the Oxford University MSt. in Creative Writing from 2008-2023. Among his former students are Kit de Waal (My Name is Leon) Catherine Chanter (The Well) and Anne Youngson (Meet me at the Museum).
His book The Shortest History of Germany was published in May 2017. It reached #2 in the Sunday Times list of non-fiction paperback bestsellers (May 2018). The Shortest History of England (2020) reached #4 in the Times list of non-fiction paperback bestsellers. His latest book is Brilliant Isles, a tie-in to the BBCTV series Art That Made Us (2022).
# Warren Barnes (cricketer)

Warren Dale Barnes (born 8 May 1992) is a South African-born New Zealand cricketer who played for Otago. He made his List A debut on 27 December 2015 in the 2015–16 Ford Trophy. He made his first-class debut for Otago in the 2017–18 Plunket Shield season on 7 November 2017.
In December 2017, during a Twenty20 match between Otago and Northern Districts in the 2017–18 Super Smash, Barnes wore a protective helmet when he bowled. This is because it was felt he was particularly vulnerable due to his bowling action. The helmet is based on a hockey mask and was amended by a prosthetics designer in Dunedin to cover the top of the head.
In June 2018, he was awarded a contract with Otago for the 2018–19 season.
# Spearwood railway station

Spearwood railway station was a railway station on the Perth rail network. It was located on the Spearwood–Armadale line, 25.5 kilometres (15.8 mi) from Perth station in Spearwood.

## History

On 1 April 1906, the Spearwood–Armadale line opened from a junction with the Fremantle line at Robbs Jetty to Jandakot, being extended to connect with the South Western Railway at Armadale on 15 July 1907. In 1909, some of the buildings from Jandakot station were moved to Spearwood station. The station was little more than a raised wooden platform covered with dirt and a couple of wooden sheds. Initially only served by freight trains, a passenger service began in 1913.
Spearwood didn't gain a station platform until after 1923. It was the last station on the line to get a platform.
Passenger services ceased on the line in the 1950s, running after that time for only special occasions such as the Perth Royal Show, for employees of the Watsonia factory.
The Jandakot line was curtailed to become a freight only line to Bibra Lake in the 1960s, with the final section closing in 1991. The section through Spearwood became part of the Fremantle to Forrestfield freight line after alterations to the line were made for the 1987 America's Cup. All that is left of the station are a few wooden posts stuck in the dirt.
# Center Brook (Unadilla River tributary)

The Center Brook converges with the Unadilla River in New Berlin, New York. The Center Brook has one main tributary, the Shawler Brook which converges with Center Brook in New Berlin, New York. The Center Brook is part of the Unadilla River watershed.
# Centralhatchee Creek

Centralhatchee Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is a tributary to the Chattahoochee River.
Centralhatchee is a name derived from the Muskogean language meaning "fish stream". Variant names are "Sundahatchee Creek" and "Sundalhatchee Creek".
# Henry Tyler (cricketer)

Henry Tyler (born 1 February 1992) is a Filipino cricketer who plays for the Philippines cricket team. In March 2019, he was named in the Philippines squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier tournament. It was in this tournament that, like several of his teammates, he made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against Papua New Guinea on 22 March 2019.
In January 2022, he was named head coach of the Philippines national team. The following month, he was named in the Philippines' team for the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier A tournament in Oman.
# Jayshree Jadeja

Jayshreeba Bhikhubha Jadeja (born 9 January 1992) is an Indian cricketer. She plays for Saurashtra and West Zone. She has played 1 First-class, 36 List A and 35 Women's Twenty20 matches. She made her debut in major domestic cricket on 21 November 2008 in a one-day match against Maharashtra.
# Mengjiang Bank

The Mengjiang Bank, also Meng Chiang Bank or Bank of Inner Mongolia (Chinese: 蒙疆銀行), was a central bank of the Japan-supported government of Mengjiang that governed Inner Mongolia during early years of the Second Sino-Japanese War, from late 1937 to early 1941.
It was thus one of the "puppet" banks of issue established by the Japanese occupation forces, together with the Central Bank of Manchou (1932-1945), United Reserve Bank (1938-1945), Huaxing Commercial Bank (1938-1941) and Central Reserve Bank (1941-1945).$^{:6}$

## Overview

A predecessor of the Mengjiang Bank, the Chahar Commercial Bank, was established in the interwar period in Kalgan (now Zhangjiakou), then the capital of Chahar Province in Inner Mongolia. After conquering the region in the summer of 1937, the Japanese occupation forces established the region of South Chahar or Cha-Nan, and in 27 September 1937 established the Chanan Bank as a bank of issue fully owned by the Chanan occupation government,$^{:36}$ which started operations in Kalgan on 1 October 1937 then opened branches in several cities of the region such as Hohhot.$^{:37}$
The Chanan Bank turned out to be short-lived, however, and was soon reorganized as the Mengjiang Bank, established on 23 November 1937 and opened on 1 December 1937,$^{:38}$ on Gulou West Street in Kalgan. In addition to banknotes, the Mengjiang Bank minted coins, which had a face partly written in Mongolian script with dating referring to the number of years since the era of Genghis Khan.
By 1945, the Mengjiang Bank had issued over 4.2 billion yuan in banknotes and coins. As with other puppet banks, the bank's staff was mostly Chinese, but most executives, consultants, advisors, and foreign exchange managers were Japanese.$^{:8}$

## Leadership

* Bao Yueqing [zh], President November 1937 - July 1939
* Bashar Golda [zh], President July 1939 - March 1942
* Munakata Hisaki, President March 1942 - April 1945
* Yusuke Suzuki, President April - August 1945
# Chase Brook (West Branch Delaware River tributary)

Chase Brook is a river in Delaware County, New York. It flows into the West Branch Delaware River by Rock Rift.
# 2006 San Marino general election

General elections were held in San Marino on 4 June 2006. The Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 21 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council. Following the elections the Party of Socialists and Democrats formed a coalition with the Popular Alliance and United Left.

## Electoral system

Voters had to be citizens of San Marino and at least 18 years old.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party | 7,257 | 32.92 | 21 | –4 |
| | Party of Socialists and Democrats | 7,017 | 31.83 | 20 | +5 |
| | Popular Alliance | 2,657 | 12.05 | 7 | +2 |
| | United Left | 1,911 | 8.67 | 5 | +3 |
| | New Socialist Party | 1,194 | 5.42 | 3 | New |
| | We Sammarineses | 558 | 2.53 | 1 | New |
| | Sammarinese Populars | 535 | 2.43 | 1 | New |
| | Sammarinese National Alliance | 512 | 2.32 | 1 | 0 |
| | Sammarineses for Freedom | 405 | 1.84 | 1 | New |
| Total | Total | 22,046 | 100.00 | 60 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 22,046 | 96.63 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 769 | 3.37 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 22,815 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 31,759 | 71.84 | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver, IPU ||||||
# Lautém Administrative Post

Lautém, officially Lautém Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Lautém, Tetum: Postu administrativu Lautein), is an administrative post (and was formerly a subdistrict) in Lautém municipality, East Timor. Its seat or administrative centre is Parlamento [de].
# West Liberty Covered Bridge

The West Liberty Covered Bridge is a covered bridge which carries West Liberty Street across Cowles Creek in Geneva, Ohio, United States. At 18 feet (5.5 m), it has been called the shortest covered bridge in the United States. The bridge, one of 17 drivable covered bridges in the county, was designed by John Smolen, former Ashtabula County Engineer and the designer of the Smolen–Gulf Bridge, the longest covered bridge in the U.S., also in Ashtabula County.

## Construction

Conceived in 2007, the bridge project proceeded in 2008 when the Ohio Public Works Commission supplied a grant for its construction. The crossing used to be over a concrete culvert. When the culvert needed repairs, it was decided to replace it with a covered bridge, because it would be cheaper (or at least comparable, at $400,000) and also would add to the tourism created by Ashtabula County's other covered bridges.
The foundation for the bridge was laid in September 2010, with the bridge proper assembled starting the following month. About 60 students from the Ashtabula County Joint Vocational School (now Ashtabula County Technical and Career Campus, or A-Tech) in nearby Jefferson Township contributed their labor, further defraying the costs.
The bridge opened to traffic on August 22, 2011. It was dedicated on October 8, 2011. It has footpaths on both sides that are protected from road traffic.
# West Trenton Railroad Bridge

The West Trenton Railroad Bridge is a concrete arch bridge carrying CSX's Trenton Subdivision and SEPTA's West Trenton Line across the Delaware River between Lower Makefield Township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania and the West Trenton section of Ewing Township in Mercer County, New Jersey. It was originally designed by the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad and was constructed from 1911 to 1913 by the F. W. Talbot Construction Company.
The bridge is 1,445.5 feet (440.6 m) long between abutments, and is made up of 14 arches, 11 of which have a clear span of 90.75 feet (27.66 m) and 3 with a clear span of 85.92 feet (26.19 m)
The masonry piers alongside this bridge carried the original 1875 wrought-iron truss bridge (Yardleyville Centennial Bridge).
# Willimantic Footbridge

The Willimantic Footbridge is a pedestrian bridge in the Willimantic section of Windham, Connecticut. Built in 1906, it extends from Main Street southward, across Riverside Drive, railroad tracks, and the Willimantic River, connecting downtown Willimantic to the residential area south of the river. It is one of a small number of pedestrian bridges built in the early 20th century to survive in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## Description and history

The north end of the Willimantic Footbridge is located near the eastern end of its downtown commercial district, between North and Church Streets on Main Street. The bridge is a five-span steel truss structure, about 600 feet (180 m) in length. The trusses are mainly mounted on steel trestle piers, although one is of granite rubblestone. The Main Street abutment is built out of ashlar granite blocks, while that on the south bank of the river is rubblestone. The trusses are all through trusses of three different types, with two heavy spans spanning the longest sections, across the river and the tracks of the Central Vermont Railroad. Lighter spans cross the Providence and Worcester Railroad tracks and Riverside Drive, with an even lighter span at the northernmost end.
The bridge was built in 1906 to connect the commercial core to the southern residential part of Willimantic. A bridge was first proposed for this area in 1877, but no action was taken until the early 20th century, when city leaders were seeking to create a downtown area more suitable for pedestrian use. This bridge is a popular site in Willimantic. It is the only footbridge in New England to span both a river and a railroad.
# Lagny-Pomponne rail accident

The Lagny-Pomponne rail disaster occurred on 23 December 1933, between Pomponne and Lagny-sur-Marne (48°52′54″N 2°41′47″E﻿ / ﻿48.88167°N 2.69639°E﻿ / 48.88167; 2.69639), 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Paris, when the 4-8-2 locomotive of the express for Strasbourg crashed at 110 km/h (65 mph) into the rear of an auxiliary train bound for Nancy, which was stopped on the railway. The impact crushed and splintered the last five cars of the Nancy train, older wooden cars pressed into service for the holidays. Both trains were full of people going home to their families for Christmas. 204 people died and 120 were injured. It is second to the worst railway disaster in French history, after the 1917 Saint-Michel-de-Maurienne derailment, and the deadliest ever in peacetime.

## Sources

* 2006 Documentary by Granada Bristol for National Geographic Channel on railroad safety
* Trains portal
* This French railway-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a rail accident is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ooredoo Myanmar

Ooredoo Myanmar is a telecommunications company in Myanmar.

## History

In June 2013, Ooredoo was chosen as one of the two successful applicants among 90 bidders to be awarded a license to operate in Myanmar, considered one of the Asia’s last remaining greenfield telecom markets. Formal licenses were granted in January 2014, and Ooredoo pledged an investment of $15 billion to develop Myanmar’s telecoms sector, with plans to cover 75% of the population in five years.
Following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'etat, many foreign companies exited the Burmese market, including competitor Norwegian-owned Telenor Myanmar, due to increasing pressure from military authorities. On 7 September 2022, Ooredoo signed an agreement to sell Ooreedoo Myanmar to Singapore vehicle Nine Communications Pte. Ltd, at a value of $576 million USD, subject to Burmese regulatory approvals. Nine Communications is the subsidiary of zLink Family Office and Nyan Win, which have close ties to the Burmese military officials like Soe Maung. The deal size has courted significant scrutiny for its involvement by business proxies commonly used by the Burmese military, including entities controlled by Zaw Win Shein (of Ayeyar Hinthar) and Jonathan Kyaw Thaung (of KT Group). The announcement of Ooredoo's sale prompted sharp criticism from rights groups, including Access Now, for putting the personal data of 9 million customers at the hands of the Burmese military.

## Leadership

In 2019, Ooredoo Myanmar appointed Rajeev Sethi as its CEO.
# Battle of Lopera

The Battle of Lopera took place between 27 and 29 December 1936 during the Spanish Civil War. This battle took place during the Nationalist's Aceituna offensive. On 27 December, the XIV International Brigade launched an attack in order to occupy the Nationalist-held town of Lopera, but the attack failed after two days and the Brigade suffered appalling casualties.

## Background

In December 1936, Queipo de Llano started an offensive in order to capture the olive-growing area of Andújar, province of Jaén. The Republic then sent the recently formed XIV International Brigade to the Andújar front, in order to retake the town of Lopera occupied by the Nationalists on 24 December.

## The battle

On 27 December, the Brigade launched an attack in order to recover the town of Lopera. The XIV International Brigade (3,000 men), led by General Walter, had no training or telephone communications. Furthermore, they did not have air or artillery support. On this front the Nationalists had Commander Redondo's column with a shock brigade of Andalusian requetes (2,000 men) and 2,000 Moroccan regulares and Spanish cavalry. The brigade members were decimated by the Nationalists with machine gun fire, mortars and artillery. After 36 hours the attack was called off.

## Aftermath

The Brigade had lost 800 men (300 dead), among them the English poets, John Cornford and Ralph Winston Fox. Dubliner Tommy Wood was killed at the age of 17. The English company of the 10th battalion lost 78 men out of 145. After the battle, André Marty ordered the detention of the commander of the French battalion of the Brigade, Gaston Delasalle. Delasalle was accused of incompetence, cowardice and of being a fascist spy, and executed by firing squad.
# Michael Maschler

Michael Bahir Maschler (Hebrew: מיכאל בהיר משלר; July 22, 1927 – July 20, 2008) was an Israeli mathematician well known for his contributions to the field of game theory. He was a professor in the Einstein Institute of Mathematics and the Center for the Study of Rationality at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. In 2012, the Israeli Chapter of the Game Theory Society founded the Maschler Prize, an annual prize awarded to an outstanding research student in game theory and related topics in Israel.

## Biography

Michael B. Maschler was born in Jerusalem on July 22, 1927.

## Selected publications

For a complete list of English and Hebrew publications, see Michael Maschler: In Memoriam, above.
* "The Bargaining Set for Cooperative Games", with R.J. Aumann, 1964, in Advances in Game Theory
* "The Core of a Cooperative Game", with M. Davis, 1965, Naval Research Logistics Quarterly
* "Game-Theoretic Aspects of Gradual Disarmament", with R.J. Aumann, 1966, Mathematica
* "Some Thoughts on the Minimax Principle" with R.J. Aumann, 1972, Management Science
* "An Advantage of the Bargaining Set over the Core", 1976, JET
* "Geometric Properties of the Kernel, Nucleolus and Related Solution Concepts", with B. Peleg and L.S. Shapley, 1979, Mathematics of Operations Research
* "Superadditive Solution for the Nash bargaining Game", with M. Perles, 1981, IJGT
* "Game Theoretic Analysis of a Bankruptcy Problem from the Talmud", with R.J. Aumann, 1985, JET
* "The Consistent Shapley Value for Hyperplane Games", with G. Owen, 1989, IJGT
* "The Consistent Shapley Value for Games without Side Payments", with G. Owen, 1992, in Selten, editor, Rational Interaction
* "The Bargaining Set, Kernel and Nucleolus", 1992, in Aumann and Hart, editors, Handbook of Game Theory
* Repeated Games with Incomplete Information, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1995, with R.J. Aumann
* Insights into Game Theory: An Alternative Mathematical Experience, Cambridge University Press, forthcoming, with Ein-Ya Gura.