OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maria Leitner

Maria Leitner (19 January 1892 – 14 March 1942) was a Hungarian writer and journalist in the German language. She is remembered as a pioneer of "undercover reporting".

## Early years

Maria Leitner came from a bilingual Jewish family. She was born, the eldest of her parents' three recorded children, on 19 January 1892 in Varaždin, Austria-Hungary, today in Croatia. Her father, Leopold Leitner, ran a small building business. In 1896 the family relocated to Budapest where she grew up and attended "The Royal Senior Girls' School" between 1902 and 1910. It was probably here that she learned both her English and her French. She then studied art history in Vienna and Berlin, completing an internship in Paul Cassirer's Berlin gallery which resulted in a translation into German of William Hogarth's "Aufzeichnungen" (loosely: "notes")

## Career

From 1913, she worked for the newspaper Az Est ("Evening"). After war broke out in the summer of 1914 she worked as a reporter – at one stage reporting for the Budapest newspapers from Stockholm. In 1920, she fled from Hungary to Germany because of her left-wing anti-militarist activities. In Germany, she wrote for various newspapers, and books reviews for the publishing house Ullstein. In her book Hotel Amerika, she describes poor America from within. As a result, she was a hired as a cleaning lady in luxury hotels. Her work was thus connected with the literary current of the Neue Sachlichkeit ("New Objectivity"), in vogue in the Weimar Republic.
In 1933, after the Nazis came to power, Leitner, a Jew and a revolutionary, emigrated from Germany and went into exile. Her works were banned from publication in Nazi Germany. She earned her living by writing in the anti-Nazi magazine Das Wort published in Moscow. In 1940, she was in France, and as with a number of exiles from Germany, she was interned at Gurs internment camp. She managed to escape but could not leave France. The conditions of her death are unclear. In July 1940, she wrote to Hubertus, Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, the most famous of the founding signatories of the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom. In total she had already written at least twelve letters to the guild between 1938 and March 1941, seeking assistance: the letters have been kept by them in their "Archive of German Exiles". This last appeal for desperate help is Leitner's last known piece of writing. However, she was last seen in Marseille early in 1941 by Anna Seghers and Alexander Abusch.
She may have died in exile: one source speculates that she died of hunger, isolated in Marseille. Another speculates that she was one of many Jewish political exiles from Germany who failed to obtain exit visas from the French authorities and were rounded up and deported to concentration camps in Germany where many were killed.

## Selected works

* 1930, Hotel Amerika, roman-reportage
* 1932, Eine Frau reist durch die Welt, reportage
* 2013, Mädchen mit drei Namen. Reportagen aus Deutschland und ein Berliner Roman, 1928–1933, Berlin, AvivA Verlag
* 2014, Elisabeth, ein Hitlermädchen. Ein Roman und Reportagen (1934–1939), Berlin, AvivA Verlag
# Hermann Lattemann

Hermann Lattemann (September 14, 1852, Gebhardshagen near Braunschweig – June 17, 1894, Krefeld) was a German balloon pilot and inventor who experimented with an early prototype of a parachute.
Together with his wife Käthe Paulus, Lattemann designed a parachute prototype in an attempt to make balloon flights safer. The main invention was to have parachutes folded and packed in bags.
Lattemann died during a test. At age 42, his parachute failed to open, although his wife's parachute did open, when they both jumped out of a balloon named "Fin de Siècle", and she watched his fall in horror. Little or no money was made from this invention following his death, but during World War I improvements made by his wife and sold as Paula's parachute, made her a fortune, lost later on due to inflation.
# San Antonio, New Mexico

San Antonio is a census-designated place in Socorro County, New Mexico, United States, roughly in the center of the state, on the Rio Grande.

## Description

San Antonio is partly agricultural, and partly a bedroom community for Socorro.
San Antonio is the gateway to the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge. Interstate 25 runs along the west, and U.S. Route 380 begins there and heads east to Carrizozo. The Rio Grande is just to the east of San Antonio, and the BNSF Railway runs through the community and has a small yard, little more than a siding.
While still part of the New Mexico Territory, the town was the birthplace of Conrad Hilton. His father was a merchant and hotelier in San Antonio, and Hilton learned the hotel trade there. Hilton was one of the original legislators in the newly formed state of New Mexico, and founded the Hilton Hotels Corporation.
San Antonio is about 28 miles from Trinity Site, where the first nuclear bomb was detonated on July 16, 1945. Residents reported tremors like an earthquake and the town received some of the remnants of the mushroom cloud, resulting in some radioactive contamination of the area, which faded quickly and does not persist today. The town was the meeting place for the scientists who detonated the bomb.
The city supports a few small businesses, which include the original Owl Bar and Cafe (featured on an episode of the Travel Channel's Burger Land in 2013), The Buckhorn Tavern (featured in 2009 on the Food Network's Throwdown! with Bobby Flay,), San Antonio Crane, a restaurant featuring Mexican food, a seasonal roadside market, and a general store.
On July 15, 2018, San Antonio was hit by a thunderstorm that caused the small town to be covered with up to 2 ft of mud. This event received an emergency declaration from Governor Martinez. Highway 380 after this event was impossible to traverse, and the force of the flood water swept off the train tracks at the Burlington-Northern Santa Fe Railroad at the 380 crossing. This event helped justify funding for building a retention pond, and coming up with other plans to prevent similar future floods.

## Education

It is within Socorro Consolidated Schools. Socorro High School is the comprehensive high school of the district.
# De Grasse, Quebec

De Grasse is an unincorporated community in Sept-Îles, Quebec, Canada. It is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, De Grasse had a population of 10 living in 5 of its 5 total private dwellings, up from its 2016 population of 0. With a land area of 1.38 km$^2$ (0.53 sq mi), it had a population density of 7.2/km$^2$ (18.8/sq mi) in 2021.
# Anastasiya Boroda

Anastasiya Boroda (born 2 January 1976) is a Kazakhstani water polo player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Moncayo Range

Moncayo is a 15 km long and about 7 km wide mountain chain giving name to the Tarazona y el Moncayo comarca, Aragon, Spain. The Moncayo's highest summit, San Miguel (2,314 metres (7,592 ft)), is the highest point in the 500 km long Sistema Ibérico.
The Moncayo is located between the provinces of Zaragoza in Aragon and Soria in Castile and León. The ridge's highest summits are usually covered in snow between October and May every year.

## Description

Besides the San Miguel, the Moncayo massif includes two other peaks that are almost identical and are located close together, Cerro San Juan (2,283 m) and Peña Lobera (2,226 m).
This mountain was mentioned as Mons Caius by Marcus Valerius Martialis in Ancient Roman times.
The nearest large town to Moncayo is Tarazona, with many old and historical buildings, located on the massif's northern side 10 km away from it. There are also smaller villages closer to the mountain.
The Sierra de Nava Alta and Sierra del Bollón are eastern prolongations of the Moncayo Massif.

## Hiking

Moncayo is one of the most popular hiking places in Spain and there is public transport to reach the mountain. There are few buses during the winter season, but almost hourly connections in the summertime.
From the village of San Martín de la Virgen de Moncayo starts a road for hikers, ending at the village of Agramonte. The lower ranges of the mountain are covered by forest, including oak trees and spiky shrubs. There is a wide path at the northern side of the mountain zigzagging upwards. In the northeast corner of the mountain is a mountain hut made of stone which can be used as shelter in emergency situations. The shelter is located at the car park north of the Lobera peak before the slope. At the northwest side of the mountain is a tiny river. One can ascend the highest peak going up from Agramonte or from the eastern side of the mountain range, also via Lobera peak. Going up takes about three hours. There are a few loose stone sections which can be avoided when following the paths. On the top of the highest peak one can see the Pyrenees in clear weather.

## Features

| View of the Pico de San Miguel. | Moncayo seen from Ólvega. | Cross at San Martín de la Virgen de Moncayo. |
# 1542 in science

The year 1542 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here.

## Botany

* Leonhart Fuchs publishes his new herbal De historia stirpium commentarii insignes in Basel.

## Exploration

* Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explores the coast of California.

## Physiology and medicine

* Jean Fernel publishes De naturali parte medicinae, presenting human physiology as integral to the study of medicine.

## Births

* approx. date – Peder Sørensen, Danish physician (died 1602)

## Deaths

* August – Peter Henlein, Nuremberg watchmaker (born 1479/80)
# Vatican Mythographers

The so-called Vatican Mythographers (Latin: Mythographi Vaticani) are the anonymous authors of three Latin mythographical texts found together in a single medieval manuscript, Vatican Reg. lat. 1401. The name is that used by Angelo Mai when he published the first edition of the works in 1831. The text of the First Vatican Mythographer is found only in the Vatican manuscript; the second and third texts are found separately in other manuscripts, leading scholars to refer to a Second Vatican Mythographer and a Third Vatican Mythographer.

## Content

Taken together, the works of the Vatican Mythographers provided a source-book of Greek and Roman myths and their iconography throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The texts, which were being copied in manuscripts as late as the 15th century, were parsed allegorically to provide Christianized moral and theological implications, "until in time the pagan divinities blossomed into full-fledged vices and virtues". Their testimonia, sources, and parallel passages constitute central documents in the transmission of classical culture to the medieval world, which is a major theme in the history of ideas in the West—though the texts have also been described as "highly deceptive sources which should be used with much caution".
Mai made many slips in rapidly transcribing the manuscript under difficult conditions, and he was in the habit of substituting euphemisms where the original was too sexually explicit to transcribe and publish, even in Latin. A revised, indexed edition of 1834, corrected by Georg Heinrich Bode without access to the Vatican manuscript, is the version that replaced Mai's first edition and has been drawn on in popular 20th-century anthologies of Greek mythology, such as those by Edith Hamilton, Robert Graves, and Karl Kerenyi.
The work of the First Vatican Mythographer is essentially a pared-down "fact-book" of mythology, stripped of nuance, not unlike the Fabulae of Hyginus, who, however, had provided no Roman stories and so could not suffice. Classical authors are rarely quoted directly, but the author seems to have used the commentary on Virgil by Servius and the scholiasts on Statius as sources. A modern edition of the text was published in 1995 by Nevio Zorzetti. On the basis of the latest source cited in it and the date of the first source to cite it, Zorzetti dates the composition of the work between the last quarter of the 9th century and the third quarter of the 11th century.
Ten manuscripts are known for the second text, and more than forty for the third. The work of the Second Vatican Mythographer, which draws on that of the first, though it is considerably longer, perhaps dates to the 11th century. A modern edition of it was produced by Péter Kulcsár in 1987. The work of the Third Vatican Mythographer, which differs from the others by containing "extensive allegorical interpretations", has often been attributed either to a certain Alberic of London, who is named in a number of the manuscripts, or to Alexander Neckam.
# Chingiz Mamedov

Chingiz Mamedov (born 9 July 1989) is a Kyrgyzstani judoka who competes in the ‍–‍90 kg category. He was flag bearer at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He was 3 times Kyrgyz National Champion (2007 & 2008 ‍–‍81 kg, and 2010 ‍–‍90 kg)
# Partsi

Partsi (German: Pardas) is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
# Mount Gorongosa

Mount Gorongosa is an inselberg in Sofala Province of central Mozambique. Its highest peak, Gogogo, reaches an elevation of 1,863 meters (6,112 feet). It was created by Karoo Volcanism.
The upper zone of the mountain (above 700 meters) was made part of Gorongosa National Park by the Mozambican government in 2010. The main part of the park lies at a lower elevation to the east of the mountain.

## Geography and geology

Mount Gorongosa rises as an isolated massif from the surrounding lowlands. Mount Gorongosa is at the tip of a large, oval-shaped ring complex, some 30 kilometres (19 mi) by 25 kilometres (16 mi). There are three main peaks, one in the north, one in the south, and Gogogo, the highest, in the southwest. Between them is a plateau that contains three valleys. The mountain is composed of granites of Late Jurassic age, ringed by gabbros on the western and southern slopes.

## Climate

The mountain's climate is cooler and wetter than the surrounding lowlands. Moist oceanic air masses moving in from the southeast rise up the mountain slopes and cools, and the moisture in the air condenses and falls as rain, or forms low clouds and morning mists. The windward south and east slopes receive more moisture than the north and west slopes, which are in the rain shadow of the mountain.

## Ecology

The cooler, wetter climate of the mountain sustains several communities of plants and animals, distinct from the surrounding lowlands. The mountain is home to montane and submontane grasslands, moist evergreen forests, dry montane forests, miombo woodlands, and ericaceous heathlands.
Mount Gorongosa's forests and grasslands are an isolated enclave of the Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic ecoregion, which is mostly found to the west in the Eastern Highlands along the Mozambique-Zimbabwe border. The Southern miombo woodlands ecoregion surrounds the mountain at lower elevations.
# Gitwangak Indian Band

The Gitwangak Indian Band (formerly Kitwanga) is a band government in the Skeena Country region of northwestern British Columbia, Canada. They Gitwangak people are part of the larger Gitxsan group. Their name means "People of the Land of Rabbits". They are members of the Gitxsan Treaty Society.

## Chief and Councillors
### 2015–2017

| Title | Name | Appointment date | Ending date |
| Chief | Frederick Johnson | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |
| Councillor | Amanda Zettergreen | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |
| Councillor | Chasity Daniels | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |
| Councillor | Holly Harris | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |
| Councillor | Fred Johnson | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |
| Councillor | Tom Johnson | 05/09/2015 | 05/08/2017 |

## Demographics

| Residency | # |
| Registered Males On Own Reserve | 230 |
| Registered Females On Own Reserve | 180 |
| Registered Males On Other Reserves | 21 |
| Registered Females On Other Reserves | 17 |
| Registered Males Off Reserve | 402 |
| Registered Females Off Reserve | 453 |
| Total Registered Population | 1303 |
# (SCENE) Metrospace

42°43′55″N 84°28′56″W﻿ / ﻿42.731981°N 84.482153°W﻿ / 42.731981; -84.482153
(Scene) Metrospace is an alternative arts space located in downtown East Lansing, Michigan, featuring a variety of contemporary artworks. (Scene) also hosts a wide variety of musical performances by local and national artists. It is a project created in response to Governor Jennifer Granholm's Cool Cities Initiative.
(Scene) is free and open to the public, unless a nominal cost is determined for a special performance. Artists working in any mixed media are encouraged to submit exhibition proposals. It is now operated by the Department of Art, Art History, and Design at Michigan State University.

## History

Founded in May 2004, '(Scene)' is a multidisciplinary arts endeavor aimed to enhance and support downtown East Lansing and the region by programming a wide range of creative, new, and experimental arts activities, exhibits and performances in the visual arts, music, film/video, literature, theater, dance, performance and multidisciplinary art forms. '(Scene)' aims to present dynamic programming to the public and to provide committed emerging artists and artists from across the country with the opportunity to exhibit and highlight work that may not otherwise have a venue in the area.
(Scene) was originally opened at 303 Abbott Street, but the site was demolished. In May 2007 (Scene) moved to a new space at 110 Charles Street—a place known to locals as "under the colorful parking structure".
# Vladimir Sukharev

Vladimir Sukharev (Russian: Владимир Сухарев) (July 10, 1924 – April 30, 1997) was a Soviet athlete, born in Georgievka, who competed mainly in the 100 metres. He trained at Dynamo in Moscow.
He competed for the USSR in the 1952 Summer Olympics held in Helsinki in the 4 x 100 metre relay where he won the silver medal with his teammates Boris Tokarev, Levan Kalyayev and Levan Sanadze.
Four years later at the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne he again teamed up with Boris Tokarev and new members Leonid Bartenev and Yuriy Konovalov in the 4 x 100 metre relay where the team won the silver medal.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Soviet Union ||||||
| 1952 | Olympics | Helsinki, Finland | 5th | 100 m | 10.88/10.5 |
# Cervati

Cervati or Monte Cervati is an Italian mountain of the Province of Salerno, Campania.

## Geography

The mountain is located in the north-western side of the municipality of Sanza, close to the forest area of Pruno. It is the source of the river Bussento.
With 1,898 amsl it is the highest mountain of Cilento, followed by Panormo (part of Alburni range, 1,742 amsl), Faiatella (1,710) and Gelbison (1,705). It is also the second highest mountain of Campania, after the Monte Miletto of Matese (2,050), located partly in Molise.

## Geology

Cervati is an extinct volcano. The last eruption from the volcano is unknown.
# Protestant Action Society

The Protestant Action Society was a political party in Edinburgh active in the 1930s. It was founded by John Cormack in 1933 and had elected nine members to the Edinburgh Corporation in 1936 with 31 per cent of the vote.
In June 1935 the party organised protests which involved disturbances in Waverley Market$^{:23–25}$ and then what has been called "the Morningside Riot" in Canaan Lane when a crowd of around 20,000 Protestant Action supporters stoned and jeered 10,000 attendees at a Eucharistic Congress.$^{:29–31}$
Although often compared to the fascist movements active at the time, the society physically attacked Blackshirt meetings in Edinburgh due to the British Union of Fascists support for a United Ireland. The party emerged at a time when other similar movements were arising in other parts of Scotland, such as the similar Glasgow based Scottish Protestant League, and the Scottish Democratic Fascist Party.
One of the councillors was the Jewish antique dealer Esta Henry who was elected to one of the Canongate wards in 1936.
Cormack tried to encourage the Orange Order in Scotland to join in his movement, but with so little success that he left the movement in 1939 and was not readmitted until the late 1950s.
At its peak the party had 8,000 members.
# SYTOX

SYTOX (also known as SYTOX Green) is a high-affinity nucleic acid stain developed by biotechnology company Molecular Probes. Because the stain only penetrates cells with compromised plasma membranes, it can be used to investigate antibacterial mechanism of action and confirm loss of bacterial viability. There have, however, been studies which confirm the use of SYTOX dyes for live cell imaging of bacteria.
A comprehensive Study of Thiazole-Orange-Based DNA Dyes was published, involving SYBR Safe, SYBR Green, PicoGreen, SYTO-16, SYTO-9 and a new derivative TOPhBu. Here, the synthesis of these compounds are published and characterised spectro-scopically to quantify their fluorescence enhancement upon binding to double-stranded DNA. The ability of the dyes to detect DNA at low concentrations was evaluated using two new metrics, absolute fluorescence enhancement (AFE) and relativefluorescence enhancement (RFE). They were tested in qPCR experiments showing some important differences in the sensitivity and qPCR efficiency, which facilitate the DNA marker selection for analytical purposes.
# 1554 in science

The year 1554 CE in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here.

## Astronomy

* Flemish astronomer Johannes Stadius' first published work, Ephemerides novae at auctae, appears in Cologne

## Biology

* Bolognese naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi creates a herbarium.
* Flemish herbalist Rembert Dodoens publishes his herbal Cruydt-Boeck in Antwerp.
* The guinea pig is first described in the West by Swiss naturalist Conrad Gessner.
* French physician Guillaume Rondelet begins publication of Libri de piscibus marinis in Lyon, a standard work on marine zoology.
* Hippolito Salviani begins publication of Aquatilium animalium historiae in Rome, a foundation of modern ichthyology.
* French anatomist Charles Estienne publishes a collection of tracts on agriculture, Praedium Rusticum.

## Exploration

* November – English captain John Lok voyages to Guinea.
* French Franciscan voyager André Thévet publishes his account of an embassy to Constantinople in Cosmographie de Levant (Lyon).

## Metallurgy

* Spanish merchant Bartolomé de Medina introduces the patio process, using mercury amalgamation to extract silver from ore, in Pachuca, New Spain (Mexico).

## Physics

* Venetian mathematician Giambattista Benedetti publishes two editions of Demonstratio proportionum motuum localium, developing his new doctrine of the speed of bodies in free fall.

## Technology

* Completion of the Church of Sant'Andrea in Via Flaminia, Rome, designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, the first church of the Italian Renaissance to have an elliptical dome.

## Births

* March 22 – Catherine de Parthenay, French noblewoman and mathematician (died 1631)
* November – Jakob Christmann, German orientalist and astronomer (died 1613)
* Probable date
** James Lancaster, English navigator (died 1618)
** Walter Ralegh, English explorer (died 1618)

## Deaths

* February 21 – Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (born 1498)
* September 22 – Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, Spanish conquistador (born c. 1510)
* Tan Yunxian, Chinese physician (born 1461)
* unknown date – Sir Hugh Willoughby, English explorer (in the Arctic Sea)
# Babaoshan station

Babaoshan station (simplified Chinese: 八宝山站; traditional Chinese: 八寶山站; pinyin: Bābǎoshān zhàn) is a station on Line 1 of the Beijing Subway. It is named after Babaoshan Subdistrict in Shijingshan District, Beijing, where the station located in. It is located near the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.

## Station layout

The station has an underground island platform.

## Exits

The station has four exits, lettered A, B, C and D. All exits are accessible.

## Gallery

* Station platform
* In 2017, Safety door was installed on the platform
* Station Hall