OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lady Davis Fellows

The Lady Davis Fellow is a program of The Lady Davis Foundation for the scholars to carry out research in various areas on the campuses of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology in Israel. The Lady Davis Fellows are selected on the basis of demonstrated talent and promising ideas for their research. The Lady Davis Foundation also provide fellowships for visiting professors along with postdoctoral and doctoral researchers. The fellowships are initially provided for the period of one year. To date, the foundation has supported about 1700 scholars all around the world including visiting professors, postdoctoral and doctoral researchers in Science, Engineering, Arts and Literature to serve as a Lady Davis Fellow. The fellowship is named after the wife of Sir Mortimer Davis, Henriette Marie Meyer.

## Notable Fellows

* Lawrence D. Brown (visiting professor)
* Ofer Feldman (visiting professor)
* Paul B. Fenton (visiting professor)
* Richard M. Karp (visiting professor)
* Peter J. Stang (visiting professor)
* Eiichi Nakamura (chemist) (visiting professor)
* Carl M. Bender (visiting professor)
* Ruth Pachter
* Gadi Rothenberg (visiting professor)
* Eric Weinstein (visiting professor)
* Norman Stillman (visiting professor)
* Kendall Houk (visiting professor)
* Samuel L. Braunstein
* Anne Bayefsky (visiting professor)
* Paul W. Franks
* Ingram Olkin (visiting professor)
* Michael D. Fried (visiting professor)
* Włodzimierz Julian Korab-Karpowicz (visiting professor)
* Paul Goldberg (geologist)
* Steven B. Bowman
* Aaron W. Hughes (visiting professor)
* Yael S. Feldman
* Joanna B. Michlic
* Mario Szegedy
* John A. Stanturf
* Charles Blattberg (visiting professor)
* Jan-Erik Lane (visiting professor)
* Shaye J. D. Cohen (visiting professor)
* Marshall Jordan Breger (visiting professor)
* Igor Rivin (visiting professor)
* Tomek Bartoszyński (visiting professor)
* Paul Wiegmann
* Jeffrey R. Wool
* Yin Xiaowei
* Daniel Sinausia
# Nino Sozzani

Nino Sozzani (15 August 1889 – 24 May 1977) was an Italian general during World War II.

## Biography

He was born in Salsomaggiore Terme on 15 August 1889. On 14 September 1907 he began to attend the Royal Military Academy of Infantry and Cavalry in Modena, graduating with the rank of second lieutenant of Bersaglieri corps on 17 September 1910. Between 1911 and in 1912 he participated in the Italo-Turkish War distinguishing himself in the battle of Shar al-Shatt, managing to escape capture and saving himself from the subsequent massacre carried out by the Turkish and Arabs against the Italian soldiers they had captured.
During the First World War he fought with the Third Army on the Karst Plateau, distinguishing himself in the battles of the Isonzo and rising in rank from second lieutenant to major. In June 1918 he was decorated with a Silver Medal of Military Valor personally presented to him by the commander of the 3rd Army, Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy-Aosta for the courage shown in defending the Candelù sector during the First Battle of the Piave.
After the war, he was promoted to colonel on 17 August 1930 and given command of the 53rd Infantry Regiment "Umbria" in 1935-1936 and then of the 2nd Bersaglieri Regiment, stationed in Rome, from 1936 1939. In April 1939 he participated in the conquest of Albania, landing in Durrës at the head of a regiment of Bersaglieri.
From August 1939, after promotion to brigadier general, he was deputy commander and then commander of the 1st Cavalry Division Eugenio di Savoia, and from 1 August 1940 he was commander of the 30th Infantry Division Sabauda in Cagliari, replacing Brigadier General Ubaldo Scanagatta, who had died in a road accident near the Tirso dam on 21 July. During his stay in Sardinia he improved defensive works in the area garrisoned by his division.
He was promoted to major general on 1 January 1942, and on 22 February 1942 he was transferred to the command of the 44th Infantry Division Cremona, which he left on 9 November, being replaced by his deputy Gioacchino Solinas. After the second battle of El Alamein he was immediately transferred to Tunisia and, after a short period at the disposal of the XXI Army Corps, on 22 November he became commander of the 136th Armored Division "Giovani Fascisti", participating in the battles of Medenine, of the Mareth Line, of Wadi Akarit and of Enfidaville until 12 April 1943, when he was repatriated following to the death in combat of his only son Luigi, a pilot in the Regia Aeronautica, being replaced by General Guido Boselli at the head of the "Giovani Fascisti". Sozzani was then assigned to the Ministry of War; on 9 June 1943 he was awarded the title of Knight of the Military Order of Savoy.
After the Armistice of Cassibile he joined the Italian Social Republic, joining the National Republican Army where in 1944 he was given command of the 203rd Regional Military Command, with headquarters in Padua. For this, after the end of the war he was dismissed from the Army. He died in his native Salsomaggiore Terme on 24 May 1977.
# Claude Hill

Sir Claude Hamilton Archer Hill KCSI CIE (1866 – 1934) was Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man.

## Career

Educated at St Mark's School in Windsor and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, Hill joined the Indian Civil Service in 1887. After a posting as Under Secretary to the Government of India (Home Department) from 1895, he was appointed successively First Assistant Resident at Hyderabad in 1897, Private Secretary to the Governor of Bombay in 1900 and then Deputy Secretary to the Government of India (Foreign Department) in 1903. His later appointments included political secretary to the Governor of Bombay in 1906, then Resident at Mewar and after that, Agent to the Governor at Kathiawar. Later he became a member of the Executive Council of Bombay and subsequently, Finance Member of the Viceroy's Executive Council and Head of the Central Transport and Food Board of India. He retired in 1921.
In retirement he became Director-General of the League of Red Cross Societies and then Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man.

## Family

In 1892 he married Frances May West; they had a son and two daughters.
# Henriette Marie Meyer

Henriette Marie Meyer, Lady Davis, CBE (1872–1963) was a Jewish-Canadian philanthropist. She was known as Lady Davis after her husband, Sir Mortimer Davis, was knighted in 1917.

## Life

Meyer was born in San Francisco, the daughter of Charles Meyer, a banker and philanthropist. On June 12, 1898, she married wealthy Canadian businessman Mortimer B. Davis, and the couple resided in Montreal.
In 1901, she gave birth to a son, named Mortimer Davis (1901–1940). A few years later, she adopted her nephew Philip. In 1924, Sir Mortimer and Lady Davis divorced. In the divorce settlement, she received more than a million dollars, allowing her to continue her philanthropic activities.
After her divorce, she moved to France, where she founded a resort for disabled children named the Colonie de vacances. For her actions, she received the Legion of Honour from the French government. She also helped to house refugees escaping from Nazi persecution. With the outbreak of the Second World War, she returned to Montreal, where she donated a Spitfire plane to the British Army and provided lodging for RAF pilots. For her contributions, she received the Order of the British Empire.
After the end of the war, she established the Lady Davis Foundation, which helped bring survivors of the Holocaust to Canada. In 1963, she funded the construction of several schools in Israel.

## Legacy

Several institutions are named for Lady Davis:
* The Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center in Haifa
* The Lady Davis Israel National Library
* The Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research at the Montreal's Jewish General Hospital
* Lady Davis School in north Tel Aviv
Lady Davis Fellows are scholars supported by her foundation.
# Ben Cotton (cricketer)

Benjamin David Cotton (born 13 September 1993) is an English cricketer. Cotton played for Derbyshire between 2014 and 2017 in first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who bowls right arm medium-fast pace. He played youth cricket for Newcastle-under-Lyme's Porthill Park Cricket Club. In 2018, he joined Northamptonshire.
# Irondequoit Creek

Irondequoit Creek is a stream in eastern Monroe County, New York that feeds Irondequoit Bay. It begins in rural West Bloomfield in Ontario County, flowing north into the town of Mendon in Monroe County. Accumulating a few small tributaries, it twists eastward back into the Ontario County town of Victor, then back north into Monroe County, where it flows through the towns of Perinton and Penfield on its way to the bay. It also skirts the edge of the combined town and village of East Rochester.
The creek is believed to lie in a valley carved out by a pre-glacial Genesee River, which at the time would have flowed into Lake Ontario where Irondequoit Bay does today. Glacial debris caused the river to be rerouted as the glaciers retreated, leaving only the comparatively small creek (Rogers 1893).
The first settlements in the town of Penfield sprang up along the creek, as its waters were well suited to mills. The Daisy Flour Mill, previously a restaurant, was the last of over a dozen mills that once used the creek's waters.
The creek's valley caused a problem for the engineers of the original Erie Canal, who ultimately had to build the Great Embankment aqueduct to bridge the valley near Bushnell's Basin (Fairchild 1896:134, Farley 2010, Schoff:505).
The creek is stocked annually with fish by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation for year-round fishing.
# Dean Smith (sprinter)

Finis Dean Smith (January 15, 1932 – June 24, 2023) was an American track and field athlete, winner of a gold medal in the 4 × 100 m relay at the 1952 Summer Olympics; he was also an actor and noted stuntman, appearing in many films and TV series.

## Early life, education, and sports career

Born in Breckenridge, Texas, Smith won the Amateur Athletic Union championships in 100 m in 1952. At the Helsinki Olympics, he was fourth in the 100 m and ran the leadoff leg for the American gold medal-winning 4 × 100 m relay team. As a sprinter on the Longhorn track team, Smith ran a 100-yard dash in 9.4 seconds, one-tenth of a second off the world record at the time.
After graduating from University of Texas at Austin where he ran track and was a member of the Silver Spurs, Smith played professional football for the Los Angeles Rams and the Pittsburgh Steelers ahead of his career in Hollywood.

### Later sports career

Later on, Smith competed in amateur rodeo. His events were bareback bronc riding and calf roping. He won championships in both events. The Professional Rodeo Cowboys Associations made him an honorary member. He also participated in the team roping event in Reba McEntire's Pro Celebrity Rodeo in May 1997.

## Post-sports/Hollywood career

Following his sports career, Smith performed as a professional rodeo cowboy and stuntman in various Western movies such as The Alamo, The Comancheros, How The West Was Won, McLintock!, Rio Conchos, Big Jake, El Dorado, and Rio Lobo. He also appeared in such Western TV shows as Tales of Wells Fargo, Maverick, Gunsmoke, Lawman, Have Gun Will Travel, The Iron Horse and Walker, Texas Ranger.
Some of what Variety called his "most impressive" stunts included falling out of a two-story building into a hay wagon in McLintock! (1963) starring Maureen O'Hara. Smith was noticed by famed director John Ford when working on the 1958 Rosalind Russell project, Auntie Mame, and as a result went on to be featured in many of Ford's subsequent films.

## Honors

In 2006 he was inducted into the Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame. In 2009 he was inducted into the National Multicultural Western Heritage Museum and Hall of Fame. He is also a member of the Texas Track and Field Coaches Association Hall of Fame. Smith is a member of the Hollywood Stuntman's Hall of Fame. In 1997 he was named "All American Cowboy", and in 1998 he received a Golden Boot Award. In 2007 he received the Silver Spur award for his contributions as a stuntman in the film business.

## Personal life

Smith died on June 24, 2023, at age 91.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing United States ||||||
| 1952 | Olympics | Helsinki, Finland | 4th | 100 m | 10.84/10.4 |
# Neothyone xanthaema

Neothyone xanthaema is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1912. It is found in French Guiana.
# C/2002 T7 (LINEAR)

C/2002 T7 (LINEAR) is a hyperbolic comet discovered in 2002 by the LINEAR project. The comet brightened to a magnitude of 2.2 in 2004.

## Discovery and observations

The LINEAR project announced the discovery of this object on 14 October 2002. At that time, comet had a magnitude of 17.5. Before the end of the month, several observatories obtained follow-up observations. On October 29, the International Astronomical Union announced this object to be a comet. Prediscovery observations were found on LINEAR images from October 12. At the time of discovery the comet was 6.9 AU from the Sun. The comet is considered to be dynamically new object from the Oort Cloud and that was the first time it came closer to Sun than Jupiter.
The comet brightened until mid February 2004, when the comet stayed to a magnitude of 7 until early March, when it entered the twilight and it couldn't be easily observed. It passed from a minimum solar elongation of 9° in late March. The comet was observed again on April 9 in twilight, when it had a magnitude of 4.6. The comet passed its perihelion on April 23 but it continued to brighten as it was approaching Earth. The closest approach was on 19 May 2004, when the comet had an estimated magnitude of 2.5 to 3. The comet was visible in the sky along with the equally bright comet C/2001 Q4 (NEAT).
On 30 April 2004, the comet was imaged and studied using the remote-sensing devices on the Rosetta spacecraft. The coma and tail were measured in wavelengths ranging from the ultraviolet to microwave. This occurred from a distance of about 95 million kilometres. The presence of water molecules around the comet was successfully identified.
# Pearl High School (Mississippi)

Pearl High School is a suburban public high school located in Pearl, Mississippi, United States. It is part of the Pearl Public School District.

## History

Pearl High School was established in 1948 with the construction of a high school building next to the elementary school. Before 1948, Pearl students had to attend high school at Central High School in nearby Jackson. The school's first principal was Mr. L.W. Bright.
Pearl became a city in 1973 and it was at this time that Pearl began the process to withdraw its schools from the Rankin County School District. The Pearl Municipal Separate School District, now known as Pearl Public School District, was finally formed in 1976.
Work began on a new high school in 1987 and classes began in the new school the following year and continue in this location today. The current principal is Dr. Michael Brewer.

### School shooting

A school shooting occurred on October 1, 1997, at the school. The gunman, 16-year-old Luke Woodham, killed two students and injured seven others at the school after killing his mother at their home earlier that morning.

## Achievements

In 1991, Pearl High School was recognized by the United States Department of Education as a Blue Ribbon School.

## Athletics

Pearl High School has several sports teams. These include football, band, baseball, powerlifting, boys and girls basketball, boys and girls soccer, bowling, softball, cheerleading, swim, cross country, tennis, dance, track and field, golf and volleyball. The mascot is a pirate. School colors are Blue & Gold.

## Clubs and organizations

Pearl High School has several student clubs and organizations. These include Beta Club, National Junior Historical Society, Choral Music, NJROTC, DECA, Pirate Band, FCCLA, Pirate Connectors, Fellowship of Christian Athletes, Student Council, Future Educators of America, Super Scholars, International Thespian Society, The Pirate Yearbook, Key Club, The Pirate Speaks Newspaper, National Art Honor Society, Winter Guard, and National Honor Society.

## Notable graduates

* Tommy Aldridge - Graduated in 1968 - Drummer for Black Oak Arkansas, Whitesnake and Ozzy Osbourne.
# Presidential Palace (Tallinn)

The Residence of the President of Estonia, known officially as the Kadriorg Administrative Building, and since 1992 sometimes colloquially as the "president's palace", is a building located in the Kadriorg Park, Tallinn, capital city of Estonia. The Baroque Revival building serves as the official residence of the president of Estonia.
The palace is guarded by Estonian Guard Battalion.

## History

The building was designed by Alar Kotli and completed in 1938. Echoing the Petrine Baroque style of the neighbouring Kadriorg Palace, then the official residence of the Estonian president, it was purpose-built in 1938 to house offices and living apartments to officials. From 1944 to 1990, it housed the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR. After the Republic of Estonia restored full independence in 1991, it became the presidential residence. The first president of the country to reside in the building was Lennart Meri in 1992–2001.
The building is not open to the public.
# Enzo Scorza

Enzo Scorza (born 1 March 1988) is a Uruguayan footballer who currently plays as an attacking midfielder or forward for Iraklis in the Greek Football League.

## Club career

He made his youth career on Danubio, where he also played in the first team from 2006 to 2008. In January 2009 he moved from Danubio to Central Español along with Gerardo Vonder Putten.
In October 2009 he moved to Italy to join Brindisi, where he played until the end of the season.
In July 2010, he signed with Seregno, which plays in Italian Serie D.
On 17 July 2012, he signed a new deal with Peruvian side Cienciano. On 4 February 2014 he signed for Greek Football League club Iraklis.

## International career

Scorza was part of the Uruguay U-17 squad that participated in the 2005 South American Under-17 Football Championship where his country finish runner-up and as a result, qualified to the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship in Peru.
He was also part of the Uruguay U-20 squad that participated in the 2007 South American Youth Championship, but he was not called to the Youth World Cup.
On October 24, 2005 he was reserved by Jorge Fossati to play a friendly match with Uruguay's senior team against Mexico in Guadalajara. While he was called up, he was training with the Uruguay U-17 team.

## Honours
### Danubio

* Uruguayan Primera División: 2006–07
# Forward scatter

Forward scattering is the deflection of waves by small angles so that they continue to move in close to the same direction as before the scattering. It can occur with all types of waves, for instance light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays as well as matter waves such as electrons, neutrons and even water waves. It can be due to diffraction, refraction, and low angle reflection. It almost always occurs when the wavelength of the radiation used is small relative to the features which lead to the scattering. Forward scatter is essentially the reverse of backscatter.
Many different examples exist, and there are very large fields where forward scattering dominates, in particular for electron diffraction and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction. In these the relevant waves are transmitted through the samples. One case where there is forward scattering in a reflection geometry is reflection high-energy electron diffraction.

## General description

Whenever waves encounter obstacles of any type there are changes in the direction of the waves (wave vector) by diffraction, and sometimes its energy by inelastic scattering. These processes occur for all types of waves, although how they behave varies with both their type and that of the obstacle. As illustrated in the figure, if the change in the wave vector q is fairly small the scattered wave moves in close to the same direction as the input—it has been scattered. In most cases the change in the wave vector scales inversely with the size of obstacles, so forward scattering is more common when the obstacles are large compared to the wavelength of the radiation.
In many cases the waves of interest have relatively small wavelengths, for instance high-energy electrons or X-rays. However, the process is very general and can also be seen when water flows through a narrow channel as shown in the figure at the Blue Lagoon.

## Comets

Forward scattering can make a back-lit comet appear significantly brighter because the dust and ice crystals are reflecting and enhancing the apparent brightness of the comet by scattering that light towards the observer. Comets studied forward-scattering in visible-thermal photometry include C/1927 X1 (Skjellerup–Maristany), C/1975 V1 (West), and C/1980 Y1 (Bradfield). Comets studied forward-scattering in SOHO non-thermal C3 coronograph photometry include 96P/Machholz and C/2004 F4 (Bradfield). The brightness of the great comets C/2006 P1 (McNaught) and Comet Skjellerup–Maristany near perihelion were enhanced by forward scattering.
# Journal of Early Christian Studies

The Journal of Early Christian Studies is an academic journal founded in 1993 and is the official publication of the North American Patristics Society. It is devoted to the study of patristics, that is Christianity in the ancient period of roughly C.E. 100–700. The current editor is Stephen J. Shoemaker of The University of Oregon. The journal is published quarterly in March, June, September, and December by the Johns Hopkins University Press.
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Current Contents/Arts & Humanities, MLA International Bibliography, and the Social Sciences Citation Index (partial coverage).
# Justin Schmidt (soccer)

Justin Schmidt (born November 3, 1993) is a former American soccer player.

## Career
### College and amateur

Schmidt played college soccer at the University of Washington between 2012 and 2016, and in the USL Premier Development League with Washington Crossfire.

### Professional

Schmidt was drafted in the second round (35th overall) of the 2017 MLS SuperDraft by Real Salt Lake. Schmidt signed with the club on March 1, 2017. He made his full professional debut for Salt Lake on March 11, 2017, against Chicago Fire.
On February 4, 2018, Schmidt signed with USL side Sacramento Republic for the 2018 season.
Schmidt signed for New Mexico United ahead of their inaugural USL Championship season in 2019.
Following the 2021 season, Schmidt left New Mexico to join the United States Army.

## Career statistics

    As of match played November 8, 2021
Appearances and goals by season, competition, and club :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Domestic Cup | Domestic Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Washington Crossfire | 2014 | USL PDL | 6 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Washington Crossfire | 2015 | USL PDL | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Washington Crossfire | Total | Total | 11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 11 | 0 |
| Real Salt Lake | 2017 | MLS | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 10 | 0 |
| Real Monarchs (loan) | 2017 | USL | 5 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Sacramento Republic | 2018 | USL | 20 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 | 0 |
| New Mexico United | 2019 | USL Championship | 30 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 36 | 2 |
| New Mexico United | 2020 | USL Championship | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| New Mexico United | 2021 | USL Championship | 23 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 23 | 0 |
| New Mexico United | Total | Total | 54 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 60 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 99 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 110 | 2 |
* 1 2 3 Appearance(s) in the US Open Cup
* ↑ Appearance(s) in USL Cup playoffs
* ↑ Appearance(s) in USL Championship playoffs