OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1515 in science

The year 1515 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

## Astronomy

* A year in which Earth's so-called "second moon" Cruithne (discovered in 1986) makes a closest approach to earth. The two are in 1:1 orbital resonance. This next happens about 1903; the following occasion will be in July 2292.

## Cartography

* First Johannes Schöner globe produced.

## Zoology

* May 15 – An Indian rhinoceros arrives in Lisbon, the first to be seen in Europe since Roman times.

## Births

* February 18 – Valerius Cordus, German physician and botanist (died 1544)
* Cristóbal Acosta, Portuguese physician and natural historian (died 1594)
* Giorgio Biandrata, Italian court physician (died 1588)
* Petrus Ramus, French logician (k. 1572)
* Johann Weyer, Dutch] physician and occultist (died 1588)
* approx. date – Leonard Digges, English mathematician and surveyor (d. c.1559)

## Deaths

* Alonso de Ojeda, Spanish navigator (born c.1466)
* Andreas Stoberl, Austrian astronomer, mathematician and theologian (born 1465)
# 2021 Norwegian cultural workers strike

The 2021 Norwegian cultural workers strike was a seven-week labour strike by workers in the cultural sector in Norway in the autumn of 2021 over pension plans.

## Background

In 2016, cultural workers in Norway, representing by the LO Stat trade union, accepted a temporary pension agreement with Arbeidsgiverforeningen Spekter. However, further negotiations for a more permanent pension structure reached an impasse, with the employers demanding a pension plan where men and women receive different payments and with the workers wanting a lifelong, gender-neutral plan.

## Strike

On 4 September, after mediation talks between the workers and Spekter failed, around 220 cultural workers walked off the job, launching the strike. The strike included workers from Den Nationale Scene, the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, Det Norske Teatret, the National Theatre, Rogaland Teater, and the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. In response, a number of performances were cancelled or postponed.
On the week of 20 September, an agreement yet to be reached, a further 121 cultural workers walked off the job, including workers from Hålogaland Teater, Oslo Nye Teater, and the Kristiansand Symphony Orchestra. On 24 September, LO Stat announced that the strike would expand again if an agreement had not been reached by the end of the month, with an additional 249 workers walking off the job to reach a total of over 800 workers on strike by the beginning of October. On the weekend of 23 October, the union announced that a further 209 employees would go on strike on Monday, bringing the total number of striking workers to over 1000.
On 25 October, an agreement was reached between the workers and Spekter, ending the strike. The agreement included lifelong, gender-neutral pension plans, beginning in April 2022.
# Amerigeddon

Amerigeddon is a 2016 American action film directed by Mike Norris. It is written by Gary Heavin and Chase Hunter. The film describes a fictional attack on American society by the federal government, working in concert with a global "Elitist" organization and the United Nations. Heavin has said that he regards the events in the film as a "very real threat".
The film was shot on Heavin's Central Texas ranch and in nearby towns. Most of the cast members were recruited locally.
The film was released on May 13, 2016.

## Plot

In the near future the United Nations and a shadowy European billionaire globalist permanently disable the United States of America's power grid with an electromagnetic pulse attack. The current president, a puppet of the United Nations, declares permanent martial law, and the UN Task Force, consisting of mostly soldiers of Chinese and Russian nationality, occupy the country. A detachment of US soldiers is ordered to help the UN forces stage false-flag attacks and make the American public more open to the UN occupation. Lieutenant Brandon Lane refuses and defects from the US forces and regroups with his patriotic family. The family and their allies fight to save their little part of the United States and send a message to the UN that America will not be controlled by globalists and aliens. The patriots successfully resist the initial UN assault after an intense battle, but note the war is only just beginning.

## Cast

* Spencer Neville as Brandon Lane
* Gary Heavin as Charlie
* Marshall R. Teague as Colonel Crane
* Dina Meyer as Kelly
* Carey Scott as Roger Smith
* India Eisley as Penny
* AnnaLynne McCord as Sam
* Greta Norris as Frankie
* Mike Norris as Harlan
* Diane Ladd as Betty
* Jonny Cruz as Timmes
* Chuck Huber as Colonel Kashoid
* Giovannie Cruz as Sandra
* Alex Jones as Senator Reed
# Hoveround

Hoveround is an American corporation that manufactures and distributes the Hoveround brand of power wheelchairs (also known as motorized wheelchairs) and sells scooters, lifts, ramps and power chair accessories.
The company, founded in 1992 by former nurse and inventor Tom Kruse, is based in Sarasota, Florida. Its battery-operated products are primarily designed to assist mobility challenged individuals in getting around inside their homes and to facilitate mobility-related activities of daily living (MRADLs).
Hoveround sells directly to consumers and relies primarily on television, mail and their website for sales efforts.
In 2012, the company celebrated its 20th anniversary and had more than 500 employees.
In early 2014, Hoveround laid off 20 or more workers at its Sarasota County headquarters offices. The worker reduction brought the total number of employees in the region within a range of only 290 to 295. According to spokespeople, competitive bidding at Medicare and the need for the company to trim payroll prompted the lay offs of staffers from throughout the organization.
In late 2015, the Office of the Inspector General called for Hoveround to return $27 million to the government for power mobility devices that it said did not meet Medicare reimbursement requirements.

## Background

Inventor Thomas Kruse, along with his brothers George and Robert and his stepfather Gerald Ewing, founded Hoveround Corporation in April 1992. Built to increase the mobility of wheelchair users, the Hoveround prototype maximized ease-of-operation, comfort and durability.
The name “Hoveround” is the brainchild of Tom Kruse. He blended the word “hover” (based on the hovering look of the wheelchair), with the Beach Boys’ song “I Get Around”. Kruse had been listening to the song on the radio while driving to a power chair promotional event and came up with the Hoveround name.
On June 28, 1994, Hoveround began selling its power wheelchairs direct to the customer. Within 90 days, Hoveround was profitable.
Hoveround achieved FDA certification as a registered manufacturer in 1994, followed by ISO 9001 certification in 1997. In 1998, private holding company Jordan Industries purchased an 80% stake in Hoveround. The remaining stock remained with Kruse and his brothers.

## Manufacturing

Hoveround custom assembles all of its power chairs at the company's manufacturing facilities in Southwest Florida.

## Products

Hoveround sells power wheelchairs, motorized scooters, personal lifts, ramps and various power wheelchair accessories
# Bela decussata

Bela decussata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Taxonomy

The taxonomy of Bela decussata (Couthouy, 1839) has changed due to repeated reclassification. The accepted name of this species is neither a primary homonym, nor currently a secondary homonym of B. decussata. Other members of this genus such as Bela arctica have been lumped and split into different genera throughout their history of classification based on morphology. Genetic testing and subsequent phylogenetic clustering would shed light on the specifics of taxonomic relationships with finer detail. B. decussata is a synonym of Curtitoma decussata (Couthouy, 1839) (originally described as Pleurotoma decussatum).

## Description

The length of the shell attains 5 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in Atlantic France.
# Balbianiales

Balbianiales is an order of red algae belonging to the class Florideophyceae. The order consists only one family: Balbianiaceae.
Genera:
* Balbiania Sirodot, 1876
* Rhododraparnaldia R.G.Sheath, A.Whittick & K.M.Cole, 1994
# Bruce Ennis (attorney)

Bruce James Ennis (c. 1940 – 2000) was an American civil rights attorney and founder of the law firm Ennis, Friedman, Bersoff & Ewing, which merged into Jenner & Block in 1988. In 1997, he was awarded the Freedom to Read Foundation Roll of Honor.
# Meirambek Ainagulov

Meirambek Ainagulov (also spelled Mirambek, born 17 February 1994) is a Kazakhstani sport wrestler who competes in the men's Greco Roman category. He has claimed two medals at the World Wrestling Championships, silver medal in the men's 59 kg event in 2017 and bronze medal in the men's 60 kg event. He was qualified to represent Kazakhstan at the 2020 Summer Olympics following his medal success at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships.
# List of parks in Dubai

This is a list of public parks in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

## Public parks

* Al Barsha Pond Park, Al Barsha 2
* Al Mamzar Beach Park, Deira
* Al Muteena Park, Al Muteena, Deira
* Al Nahda Pond Park, Al Nahda
* Al Twar Park, Al Tawr
* Creekside Park, Bur Dubai
* Jumeirah Beach Park, Jumeirah Beach Road
* Mushrif Park, Al Khawanij
* Safa Park, Sheikh Zayed Road
* Zabeel Park, Sheikh Zayed Road
* Al Qusais Pond Park, Al Qusais
* Al Rashidiya Park

## Theme parks

* 20th Century Fox World (Cancelled)
* Aquaventure Water park, Atlantis, The Palm
* Dubai Butterfly Garden, Al Barsha 3
* Dubai Miracle Garden, Al Barsha 3 South
* IMG Worlds of Adventure
* Marvel Superheroes Theme Park (Cancelled)
* Motiongate Dubai
* Six Flags Dubai (Cancelled)
* Wild Wadi Water Park, Jumeirah Beach Road
* Jungle Bay Waterpark
* Dubai Parks and Resorts
* Bollywood Parks Dubai
* LEGOLAND Dubai
* LEGOLAND Water Park
* Aventura Park
* Zombie Apocalypse Park Dubai
# Naryan-Mar Airport

Naryan-Mar Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Нарьян-Мар) (IATA: NNM, ICAO: ULAM) is an airport in Russia located 3 km east of Naryan-Mar. It is a mixed civilian-military field, and is the only major facility airfield on the Barents Sea coast between Arkhangelsk and Novaya Zemlya. It served as a rear operations air base for Rogachevo air base on Novaya Zemlya. In 2017, 183,127 passengers traveled via this airport.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| KrasAvia | Perm (resumes 17 February 2025) |
| RusLine | Arkhangelsk–Talagi, Kazan, Kirov, Moscow–Zhukovsky, Perm, Saint Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Ufa, Yekaterinburg |
| Smartavia | Arkhangelsk–Talagi |
| Utair | Moscow–Vnukovo |
# Do Not Open

Do Not Open: An encyclopedia of the world's best-kept secrets is a book published on October 25, 2007, by Dorling Kindersley and written by John Farndon. Its cover artist was Sophia M Tampakopoulos Turner and was illustrated by Mr Bingo, Khuan Caveman Co., Gilman Calsen, Sheila Collins, Craig Conlan, Alain Goffan, Gennie Haworth, Headcase Design, Irene Jacobs, Neal Murren, Led Pants, and Ali Pellatt. It was preceded by Pick Me Up and was followed by Take Me Back.

## Reviews

Reviews in Publishers Weekly, Library Journal, Booklist, Kirkus and Wall Street Journal.
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# Norman, Indiana

Norman (also Norman Station) is an unincorporated town in northwestern Owen Township, Jackson County, Indiana, United States. It lies along State Road 58 northwest of Brownstown, the county seat of Jackson County. Because the community had two different names, the Board on Geographic Names officially decided in favor of "Norman" in 1943. It has a post office, with the ZIP code of 47264.

## History

Norman was established in 1889, and named for its founder, John A. Norman. The post office, which opened as Norman Station in 1890, was officially renamed Norman in 1935.
# Christian Lange Rolfsen

Christian Lange Rolfsen (6 November 1864 – 21 January 1934) was a Norwegian politician and attorney of the Conservative Party. He served as Minister of Justice from 1923 to 1924.
# Castle of Cuppa

The Castle of Cuppa (Greek: Κάστρο Κούπα) is a medieval fortress in the centre of the Greek island of Euboea.

## Location

Cuppa is located on Mount Mavrovouni, southwest of the village of Vrysi.

## History

The castle, situated in the district of la Vallona and named after nearby Avlonari, is first mentioned in the 13th century, in the battles between Byzantines and the Lombard lords of Euboea. It was captured in 1269 by the Byzantine commander Licario, recovered by the Franks three years later, and may have been recaptured by the Byzantines in 1276.
In the 15th century, it was the residence of the two local Venetian captains of the district of Avlonari (capitanei Avalone); later one of the two resided in the nearby Potiri Castle. The castle was conquered in 1470 by the Ottoman Empire, during which time reportedly 3,000 local Christians were killed.

## Remains

A large part of the fortifications, including the castle keep, survived until the 19th century but have since disappeared, leaving only remains of a wall incorporating ancient spolia. Nearby is a hagiasma in a cave, still being used as a chapel, with traces of ancient and medieval structures.
# Spring Park, Croydon

Spring Park is a small area in London, England. It is within the London Borough of Bromley and the London Borough of Croydon, straddling the traditional Kent-Surrey border along The Beck. Spring Park is located north of Addington, west of West Wickham and south of Monks Orchard and Shirley.$^{:467}$

## History

The area was historically known as Cold Harbour.$^{:467}$ Settlement began in the area in the 1830s at the instigation of the MP John Temple Leader, who employed the agricultural innovator Hewitt Davis to turn what was barren heathland into productive farmland.$^{:467}$ Large scale residential building began in the 1920s–1930s.$^{:467}$ The Shrublands council estate was constructed after the Second World War on compulsorily purchased land from the golf course.$^{:441}$
The area contains a small row of shops at the junction of Bridle Road and Broom Road. The Goat pub, which closed in 2017 following an attack on a local asylum seeker, re-opened in 2019 as The Apple Tree.

## Notable residents

* Joshua Buatsi – boxer, grew up on the Shrublands estate.

## Gallery

* The Apple Tree pub, with Broom Road shops
* All Saints Church on Bridle Road was built in 1955–6 by William Curtis Green and is a Grade II listed building.
* Clearing in the woods that border the Shrublands estate
* Millers Pond, originally part of Spring Park Farm
# Jacobus Zaffius

Jacobus Hendriksz Zaffius also known as Saffius or Saffio (1534 – 19 January 1618), was a Catholic priest in Haarlem.

## Biography

He was born in Amsterdam where he later owned some property.
From 1568 he was Prior of the Canons Regular monastery De Blinken in Heiloo. In May 1571 he became provost of the Grote Kerk, Haarlem. He witnessed the Satisfactie van Haarlem in 1577, as well as the Alteratie of Amsterdam on 26 May, 1578. Three days after this, Calvinists plundered the Grote Kerk and two years later Zaffius went to jail for refusing to turn over Catholic property to the Haarlem city council. William the Silent granted him amnesty, and it was on this occasion that he made his donation to the Frans Loenenhofje. In 1611 he had his painting made by Frans Hals as a memorial to this fact. He died in Haarlem.

## Hals portrait

His portrait by Frans Hals was probably painted after 1609 to hang in the regent's room of the Frans Loenenhofje where a Zaffio dedication stone was mounted in the same year, but early records of it have been lost. According to Hofstede de Groot, who never saw it, the portrait was considered lost, as the original was only known from a print by Jan van de Velde. He wrote: "245. JACOBUS ZAFFIUS (1534-1618), Proctor for the Archbishop in Haarlem. M. 86. Half-length. He sits at a table, turned three-quarters right, and looks to the right past the spectator. His left hand rests on a skull ; his right makes a gesture as if he were speaking. His right arm rests on the arm of the chair. He has a white moustache and beard. He wears a cap and a fur cloak over dark clothes. At top to the right is a coat-of-arms, with a goat jumping to the right, and below it the inscription, 'AETA 84, obiit 1618.' See Moes, Iconographia Batava, No. 9378. Described from a print by J. van der Velde, 1630 ; the original is lost."
This portrait was discovered in 1919 and was purchased by Mr. and Mrs. Phillips-de Jongh of Eindhoven who gifted it to the Frans Hals Museum in 1920. In 1974 Seymour Slive included it as the earliest painting attributable to Hals and at that time it was considered the lost original, but a fragment cut down on all sides. Restoration activities have since proven that the wooden panel was not cut down, but dendrological research has shown the panel was painted in the correct period. Currently the painting is considered the original and the engraving extended on all sides.
# NGC 719

NGC 719 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Aries. It was first discovered, on 24 November 1861, by Heinrich d'Arrest.

## Gallery

* Pan-STARRS image of NGC 719
* DSS image of NGC 719
# Marcello Cestaro

Marcello Cestaro (born 1938) is an Italian businessman and the current owner and chairman of Serie A1 women's basketball club Pallacanestro Femminile Schio. He is a native of Schio, Vicenza, Italy. Until June 2013, he was also owner and chairman of Serie B club Calcio Padova.
Cestaro has business interest in supermarket and hypermarket, with the brands Famila, Emisfero, A&O and Cash and Carry managed by his company Unicomm Srl. He entered into football in 2004, detecting the Calcio Padova militant at time in Series C1. Since 1986, he has also been the owner of Pallacanestro Femminile Schio.
# Kate Everest Levi

Kate Asaphine Everest Levi (January 4, 1859 – October 19, 1938) was an American educator, writer, and social worker. She was the first director of Kingsley House in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, a settlement house, and the first woman Ph.D. recipient from the University of Wisconsin. Although both Syracuse University (1880, 1884) and the College of Wooster (1889) had granted doctorates in history to women in the 1880s, Everest Levi is considered the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in history from an organized graduate school in the United States. She wrote on topics such as education and German immigration to the Midwest.
Kate Everest was born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, to parents Asaph and Mary (Abercrombie) Everest. After attending Fond du Lac High School, she entered the University of Wisconsin in 1879, earning a BA in 1882. After graduation, she taught at Markham's Academy, Milwaukee from 1882 to 1883; at La Crosse High School from 1883 to 1884; and was teacher of history and languages at Lawrence University from 1884 to 1890. She then earned an MA in 1892 and a PhD in 1893 from the University of Wisconsin.
She worked with Jane Addams at Hull House in Chicago before moving to Pittsburgh, where she was appointed head of Kingsley House social settlement from 1896. She published several articles and books on history and education. Her papers are held at the Wisconsin Historical Society.
She married Ernest Reese Levi on April 21, 1896, and had two children.
She died October 19, 1938, in Madison, Wisconsin, at the age of 79.

## Selected works

* "Early Lutheran Immigration to Wisconsin" in Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Vol. 8. Madison, Democrat Printing Company, 1892, pp. 289–298.
* "How Wisconsin Came by Its Large German Element" in Wisconsin Historical Collections, Vol. 12. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1892, pp. 299–334.
* "Geographical Origin of German Immigration to Wisconsin" in Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Vol. 14. Madison, Democrat Printing Company, 1898, pp. 341–393.
* "The Wisconsin Press and Slavery". Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 9, no. 4 (July 1926): 423-434.
* "The Press and the Constitution". Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 16, no. 4 (June 1933): 383-403.
# Cinder River

The Cinder River is a stream, 44 miles (71 km) long, in southwestern Lake and Peninsula Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins in Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve and flows northwest into Bristol Bay.
Silver salmon are plentiful in the Cinder River, which drains cinder beds on the flanks of Mount Aniakchak. Accessible mainly by small airplanes that can land on cinder beds or beach sand, the river is lightly fished.
# North Anna River

The North Anna River is a principal tributary of the Pamunkey River, about 62 miles (100 km) long, in central Virginia in the United States. Via the Pamunkey and York rivers, it is part of the watershed of Chesapeake Bay. The river was the site of the Battle of North Anna during the American Civil War.
According to the Geographic Names Information System, the river has also been known as "Northa-Anna" and as the main stem of the Pamunkey River.

## Course

The North Anna River is formed by a confluence of smaller streams in western Orange County and flows generally southeastwardly. The river's course is used to define all or portions of the southern boundaries of Orange, Spotsylvania and Caroline counties; and the northern boundaries of Louisa and Hanover counties. It joins the South Anna River to form the Pamunkey River on the common boundary of Caroline and Hanover counties, about 5 miles (8 km) northeast of the town of Ashland.
The North Anna Dam on the common boundary of Louisa and Spotsylvania counties causes the river to form Lake Anna, which was created to provide water for the adjacent North Anna Nuclear Generating Station.
Near its mouth, the North Anna River collects the Little River. Other tributaries of the North Anna include Pamunkey Creek and Contrary Creek.