OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Turkish Airlines Flight 835

Turkish Airlines Flight 835 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Adana Şakirpaşa Airport,to Esenboğa International Airport, Ankara, Turkey. On 23 September 1961 at 20:02 EET (18:02 UTC), the aircraft operating the flight, a brand-new Fokker F27 Friendship 100 struck the Karanlıktepe hill in Ankara Province on final approach some 18 kilometres (11 mi) off the runway centerline.
There were 25 passengers and 4 crew on board, of which 24 passengers and all four crew members were killed in the accident.
The probable cause of the accident was that the aircraft was not in the normal flying pattern and was well below its designated altitude.
# Gustav Simon (surgeon)

Gustav Simon (30 May 1824 in Darmstadt – 21 August 1876 in Heidelberg) was a German surgeon.
In 1848 he earned his medical doctorate from the University of Giessen, and from 1848 to 1861 served as a military physician with a Hessian troop outfit. During this time he also worked at a small hospital in Darmstadt that he co-founded. In 1861 at the request of Carl Friedrich Strempel (1800–1872), he was appointed professor at the University of Rostock and director of the surgical clinic. In 1867 he succeeded Karl Otto Weber (1827–1867) at the University of Heidelberg. During the Franco-Prussian War he served as a physician in reserve hospitals. Simon was a member of the Corps Starkenburgia Giessen (1843) and Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg (1845).
Simon specialized in the fields of gynecology, orthopedics and military surgery, and published a book involving his early experiences with gunshot wounds. In 1851-52 while in Paris, he had the chance to observe Antoine Joseph Jobert de Lamballe’s operative treatment of vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF). Impressed by Jobert's success rate with VVF, Simon developed his own surgical technique for VVF when he returned to Darmstadt.
Simon demonstrated that the excretion process remains functional in animals with one healthy kidney, and on 2 August 1869 performed the first planned nephrectomy on a human, only eight years after the first nephrectomy by Erastus Bradley Wolcott.
In 1872 with Bernhard von Langenbeck (1810-1887) and Richard von Volkmann (1830-1889), he founded the German Society of Surgery.

## Literary works

* 1851, "Über Schußwunden" (About gunshot wounds), Gießen.
* 1854, "Über Heilung der Blasenscheidenfisteln" (Concerning healing of vesicovaginal fistulae), Gießen.
* 1857, "Die Exstirpation der Milz" (The extirpation of the spleen, Gießen.
* 1862, "Über die Operation der Blasenscheidenfisteln" (About the operation for vesicovaginal fistulae), Rostock.
* 1868, "Mitteilungen aus der chirurgischen Klinik zu Rostock" (Reports from the surgical hospital at Rostock), Prag.
* 1871-76 "Chirurgie der Nieren" (Surgery of the kidneys); (2 volumes), Stuttgart.
# Alsophila solomonensis

Alsophila solomonensis is a species in the family Cyatheaceae, commonly called tree ferns.

## Description

It forms a trunk that may reach as much as 4 meters in height. The leaves are quite large, 2 to 3 meters in length, and may be bipinnate or tripinnate, double or triple divided. The pinnae, the leaflets forming the plant's feather like compound leaves, are either red or reddish in color.

## Taxonomy

Alsophila solomonensis was scietifically described by Richard Eric Holttum in 1964 and named Cyathea solomonensis. In 1970 Rolla M. Tryon Jr. moved it to the genus Alsophila.

## Range and habitat

Alsophila solomonensis grows on the Solomon Islands, including Bougainville, Guadalcanal, Kolombangara, Malaita, and Rendova. There it grows in the rainforests and also on steep cliffs. The elevation range is from 50 meters to 1500 meters.
The IUCN listed it as vulnerable on their Red List in 2019. They evaluated as vulnerable due to having a declining adult population due to ongoing declines in the amount and quality of habitat for the species. The specific threats are mining, quarrying, the extension of crop lands, and timber plantations.
# Jean I Le Maingre

Jean I Le Maingre, also called Boucicaut (c. 1310 – 15 March 1367), Marshal of France, was a 14th century French noble.

## Life

In June 1340, Meingre accompanied the expedition of John, Duke of Normandy at the head of an army, attempting by force to capture the town of Valenciennes, Hainaut. The army was repulsed by the citizens of Valenciennes, the French army was then attacked by Hainaut army led by Gerard de Verchain, Seneschal of Hainaut. while attacking the town of Trith. Once again, the French are attacked by the Seneschal of Hainaut. During the ensuing action, Meingre is captured and is taken as a prisoner to Valenciennes.
On 2 September 1345, he accompanied Humbert, Dauphin of Viennois from Marseilles on a crusade against the Aydınids who were besieging Smyrna. Meingre was captured by an Anglo-Gascon force during the Battle of Lunalonge in 1349.

## Marshal of France

Maingre, known as Le Boucicaut (the brave) was appointed as the Marshal of France in 1356 and was appointed in 1358 as the lieutenant-general of Poitou, Touraine, Saintonge jointly with William VII of Parthenay. He was appointed as one of the negotiators of the Treaty of Brétigny between King Edward III of England and King John II of France which was drafted on 8 May 1360 and ratified on 24 October 1360. Maingre accompanied the Dauphiné Charles on his journey from Avignon in 1362.
Boucicaut led an army that captured the towns of Mantes and Meulan from King Charles II of Navarre. He took part in the expedition against the French free companies and replaced Bertrand Du Guesclin, in command of the troops of Normandy.
He died in Dijon, France on 15 March 1367 and was buried in the church of Saint Martin of Tours. He was succeeded by his son Jean II Le Maingre, who also became Marshal of France.
# Thomas Secchi

Thomas Secchi (born 19 June 1997) is a French professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Secchi joined the youth academy of Rodez in 2013, and is their long-term backup and reserve goalkeeper. He made his first appearance with the club in a Championnat National 2 match in 2016. He made his professional debut with Rodez 5 years later in a 1–0 Ligue 2 loss to Grenoble on 15 May 2021.
# Longview Park Conservatory and Gardens

Longview Park Conservatory and Gardens (39 acres (16 ha)) is a city park located at 1300 17th Street, Rock Island, Illinois. It is open daily without charge.
The park includes a conservatory, greenhouse, flower gardens, playground equipment, picnic shelters, volleyball pit, swimming pool, tennis courts, and walking paths. The park's disc golf course is considered one of the best in the Quad Cities.
# Embassy of Syria, Washington, D.C.

The Embassy of Syria in Washington, D.C. (Arabic: سفارة الجمهورية العربية السورية في واشنطن) is the suspended diplomatic mission of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United States. The final ambassador of the Syrian Arab Republic was Imad Moustapha. A Charge D'Affaires has not been named.
The Syrian embassy along with two honorary consulates in Troy, Michigan and Houston, Texas were ordered to suspend operations on March 18, 2014 by U.S. special envoy for Syria Daniel Rubinstein, who stated that "We have determined it is unacceptable for individuals appointed by that regime to conduct diplomatic or consular operations in the United States".
The United States subsequently recognized the diplomatic mission of the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces on 5 May 2014.

## History

The building is notable for being the home of former US President William Howard Taft, who died in the building on March 8, 1930. He had lived in this house for 9 years. The building, constructed in 1908 and designed by noted architect Appleton P. Clark, Jr., is located at 2215 Wyoming Avenue in the Kalorama neighborhood of Washington, D.C.

### Syrian Civil War

During February 2012, large scale protests were held at the embassy, condemning the alleged "violent government crackdown" against the popular uprising taking place in Syria, which would become the beginning of the Syrian Civil War. These protests were caused partially by the rejection of China and Russia of a proposed resolution, during a UNSC emergency session. Such protests occurred in other Syrian embassies worldwide, such as London and Istanbul.
While the Syrian embassy remained open after the Assad government's crackdown upon Arab Spring protestors, Syrian diplomat Bassam Barabandi was actively working with the Syrian Opposition and United States government to aid opposition figures with passports and provide information regarding the government.
# Ken Raffensberger

Kenneth David Raffensberger (August 8, 1917 – November 10, 2002) was an American starting pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). From 1939 through 1954, he played for the St. Louis Cardinals (1939), Chicago Cubs (1940–41), Philadelphia Phillies (1943–47), and Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs (1947–54). Raffensberger batted right-handed and threw left-handed.

## Career

In a 15-season big league career, Raffensberger posted a win–loss record of 119–154 with 806 strikeouts and a 3.60 earned run average (ERA) in 2,151+2⁄3 innings pitched. His career winning percentage was .463, despite being an all-star and having an above average career ERA (3.60).
Raffensberger started his career as a fastball pitcher, particularly gaining success with his rising fastball. However, further along in his career (beginning in the early 1940s), he developed an arsenal of additional pitches to complement his fastball: a dependable forkball, a slow curveball, and a changeup. Raffensberger had one of the widest ranges of deliveries in the major leagues, ranging from underhand to overhand and a variety of sidearm and three-quarter deliveries in between.
On November 10, 2002, Raffensberger died in his native York, Pennsylvania, at the age of 85.

## Achievements

* Made National League All-Star team (1944)
* Twice led NL in shutouts (1949, five – 1952, six)
* Led NL in games started (1949, 38)
* Led NL in saves (1946, six)
* Led NL in WHIP (1951, 1.086)
* Led NL in SO to Walk (1944, 3.02)
* 3-time appeared in National League MVP vote (1949, 1951–52)
* Twice led NL in losses (1944, 20 – 1951, 17)
* Led NL in home runs allowed (1950, 34)
* Led NL in hits allowed (1949, 289)
# Isono Kazumasa

Isono Kazumasa (磯野 員昌, 1534–1583) was a senior retainer of the Azai clan, later Oda clan and the castle lord in command of Sawayama castle.
In 1570, at the Battle of Anegawa, he fought against Oda forces who led by Sakai Masahisa and kill Masahisa son, Sakai Kyuzo.
In 1573, Oda Nobunaga laid siege to the Azai clan's Sawayama Castle, which was held by Kazumasa. The castle fell. In response, Azai Nagamasa took Kazumasa's elderly mother, who he held hostage in Odani Castle, to the execution grounds for death. Kazumasa became enraged to Nagamasa, then he defected to Nobunaga and became a vassal of the Oda clan, but later he became a priest in Mount Kōya.
# Bentot

Arturo Vergara Medina (13 July 1920 – 19 June 1986), better known by his stage name Bentot or Ben Cosca, was a Filipino comedian and vaudevillian who spent most of his career under LVN Pictures. He had many box office hits with another famed comedian Pugo who played his father in their films. He also appeared on the Manila bodabil circuit in its heyday in the fifties and early sixties.

## Biography

Arturo Vergara Medina was born in San Simon, Pampanga on 13 July 1920.
He made his first movie appearance in 1947's Maria Kapra, a musical by Sampaguita Pictures with Angel Esmeralda. He made his second and last movie for Sampaguita in 1951's Batas ng Daigdig aka Rule of the World. Then he moved to the rival studio of Sampaguita, LVN, and stayed until the film studio closed in 1961.
Bentot had a second life in radio and television, appearing as Bitoy in the radio and later TV comedy series Tang Tarang Tang with Pugo, Sylvia La Torre, Rosa Aguirre, and Marita Zobel.
He is the father of former child star Bentot Jr.

## Death

Bentot died in June 19, 1986 in Manila, Philippines at the age of 65 due to heart failure, a month shy of his 66th birthday.

## Filmography
### Film

* Maria Kapra (1947)
* Batas ng Daigdig (1951)
* Phone Pal (1957)
* Sebya, Mahal Kita (1957)
* Alembong (1958)
* Mr. Kuripot (1958)
* Nukso ng Nukso (1960)
* Oh Sendang! (1960)
* Krus Na Daan (1960)
* Prinsipe Diomedes at ang Mahiwagang Gitara (1961)
* Lalaban Kami (1961)
* Dugo ng Sugatan (1964)
* Pagkatapos ng Kasal ("Sama ng Loob" segment, 1965)
* Tatlong Mabilis (1965)
* Mga Saragate (1965)
* Tatlong Mabilis sa Hongkong (1966)
* Pitong James Bonds (1966)
* Sexy sa Laban (1966)
* Pitong Zapata (1967)
* Si Inday sa Balitaw (1970)
* John & Marsha (1974)
* Loose Connection (1975)
* Kung May Tiyaga May Nilaga (1975)
* Harabas Is My Name (1975)
* Yolindina (1975)
* Taho-Ichi (1976)
* The Crazy Professor (1985)
* Praybeyt Depektib Akademi (1986)

### Television

* Talagang Ganyan (1976)

## Discography

* "Jeproks" (1978) - Plaka Pilipino Records
* "Burloloy" (1978) - Plaka Pilipino Records
# Bandai Channel

Bandai Channel (Japanese: バンダイチャンネル, Hepburn: Bandai Chan'neru) is a subscription video on-demand streaming service and anime distributor. It was established on March 1, 2002, by Bandai in coordination with Sunrise, Bandai Visual, and Bandai Networks. Its headquarters is located in Kajicho, Chiyoda, Tokyo.
By October 2003, Bandai Channel had exceeded 3 million paid viewings.
# 1699 in art

Events from the year 1699 in art.

## Events

* The Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture holds the first of a series of salons at the Louvre Palace.

## Paintings

* Alexis Simon Belle – Allegorical portrait of James Francis Edward Stuart and his sister Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart
* Alexandre-François Desportes – The artist as a hunter (approximate date)
* Willem Frederiksz van Royen – The Carrot
* The Kangxi Emperor of China at age 45 (silk painting)
* Monastery of Moisei, Romania (icons)

## Births

* February 15 – Giovanni Maria Morlaiter, Italian Rococo sculptor (died 1781)
* February 17 – Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff, Prussian painter and architect (died 1753)
* March 26 – Hubert-François Gravelot, French illustrator (died 1773)
* May 28 – Laurent Cars, French designer and engraver (died 1771)
* October – Giuseppe Grisoni, Italian painter (died 1769)
* November 2 – Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter (died 1779)
* November 25 – Pierre Subleyras, French painter, active during the late-Baroque and early-Neoclassic period (died 1749)
* date unknown
** Giovanni Antonio Capello, Italian painter (died 1741)
** Giovanni Antonio Guardi, also known as Gianantonio Guardi, Italian painter, 1756 co-founder of the Venetian Academy (died 1760)
** Giuseppe Marchesi, Italian painter active mainly in Bologna (died 1771)
** Giuseppe Nogari, Venetian painter of the Rococo, where he painted mainly half-body portraits (died 1763)
** Alexis Peyrotte, French decorator painter (died 1769)
** Giovanni Agostino Ratti, Italian cabinet painter, engraver, and constructed scenography (died 1755)
** Ivan Vishnyakov, Russian painter (died 1761)
* probable (born 1699/1707) – Stefano Pozzi, Italian painter, designer, draughtsman and decorator (died 1768)
* probable (born 1699/1710) – Hristofor Zhefarovich, Serbian and Bulgarian painter, engraver and writer (died 1753)

## Deaths

* January 3 – Mattia Preti, Italian Baroque artist who worked in Italy and Malta (born 1613)
* May – Lucas Achtschellinck, Flemish landscape painter (born 1626)
* May 22 – Giovanni Battista Buonocore, Italian painter (born 1643)
* October 8 (bur.) – Mary Beale, English portrait painter (born 1633)
* date unknown
** Tommaso Misciroli, Italian painter from Faenza (born 1636)
** Pandolfo Reschi, Polish-born Italian painter of battle scenes and landscapes (born 1643)
** Pedro Roldán, Spanish sculptor (born 1624)
* possible – Joannes van der Brugghen, Flemish Baroque painter and engraver (born 1649)
# Doug Rankin

Edwin Douglas Rankin (21 December 1915 – 7 January 1987) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Rankin was the son of Teddy Rankin, a former Geelong player who made 180 VFL appearances for the club. Doug's half brothers, Cliff and Bert, both also played over 100 games with Geelong. Other members of the Rankin family also played for Geelong.
A Guild Scouts recruit, Rankin played nine games for Geelong as a forward, five in the 1938 VFL season and four in the 1939 season. In April 1939 he suffered a serious knee injury, from which he struggled to recover.
# George Urquhart

George Urquhart (born 22 April 1950) is a Scottish former footballer who played for St Mirren, Guildford City, Ross County, Wigan Athletic and Macclesfield Town.
He works as an agent for a number of high-profile footballers, including Antonio Valencia and Robbie Savage. In 2009, Urquhart was fined £500 by the FA for a breach in regulations relating to Savage's transfer to Derby County.
# Ahmed Hikmet

Ahmed Hikmet (Bulgarian: Ахмед Хикмет; born 5 October 1984) is a retired Bulgarian footballer who played as a midfielder.
# Tim Mikkelson

Timothy John Mikkelson (born 13 August 1986) is a New Zealand professional rugby union player who plays as a forward for the New Zealand national sevens team.

## International career

Mikkelson plays for the New Zealand national rugby sevens team and is the most capped player in the team's history, surpassing former captain DJ Forbes record when he played his 90th tournament in Los Angeles in 2020. Mikkelson was then named player of the tournament for the 2013 Rugby Sevens World Cup and also received IRB Sevens Player of the Year for the 2012–13 season.
Mikkelson has scored more than 200 career tries for New Zealand in the World Rugby Sevens Series, putting him third on the all-time try scorers list in that competition.
Mikkelson has also played rugby for the Chiefs and for Waikato.
# Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley

Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley (YCISSV; Chinese: 美國矽谷耀中國際學校) is a private Preschool, Elementary and Middle School in the San Francisco Bay Area that provides an international education with an emphasis on Chinese Studies. YCIS is a non-profit 501(c)3 and is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC). The main campus is located at 310 Easy Street, Mountain View, California. The preschool campus is .4 miles away at 199 E. Middlefield Road, also in Mountain View.
YCIS Silicon Valley is part of the Yew Chung Education Foundation, which was established in 1932. YCIS also has schools in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and Qingdao.
Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley offers a Chinese-English bilingual program. While English is the primary language of instruction, YCIS focuses on bilingual learning through the utilization of the "co-teaching" model (classes are administered by both Western and Chinese teachers, in order to encourage fluency.)

## History

The first YCIS was established in Hong Kong in 1932. Since then, the school has grown to include campuses in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Qingdao and Silicon Valley, USA.
YCIS Silicon Valley opened in 2002 with fewer than 10 students. The school currently has an enrollment of over 240 students in Preschool through Middle School. Students represent over 40 zip codes in the Bay Area. Graduates of YCIS Silicon Valley go on to attend private, public charter and neighborhood schools including: Harker, Castilleja, Nueva, Keys, Girls’ Middle School, Valley Christian, The King's Academy, Bullis Charter, Summit Denali and more.
In 2011, YCIS Silicon Valley expanded to include a new preschool campus on East Middlefield Road, which is close to the Main Campus at Easy Street.
In 2014, the addition of portable classrooms at the Main Campus made it possible for the school to add middle school grades.

## Curriculum

Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley offers education to students from Preschool (at age 2), Elementary School and Middle School.

## Leadership

Dr. Betty Chan Po-king is Director of Yew Chung schools, including Secondary, Primary and Early Childhood Education (ECE) Sections.

## Network of Schools

* Yew Chung International School of Hong Kong
* Yew Chung International School of Shanghai
* Yew Chung International School of Beijing
* Yew Chung International School of Chongqing
* Yew Chung International School of Qingdao
* Yew Chung International School of Silicon Valley
# Metztli

In Aztec mythology, Mētztli (Nahuatl:; also rendered Meztli, Metzi, literally "Moon") was a god or goddess of the moon, the night, and farmers.
# Valeriy Lozik

Valeriy Lozik (born 27 December 1967) is a Ukrainian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1988 Summer Olympics representing the Soviet Union.
# 1712 in art

Events from the year 1712 in art.

## Events

* August 15 – The new abbey church at Fulda, with its high altar designed by Johann Neudecker and the stuccoist Giovanni Battista Artari, is dedicated by Prince-Abbot Adalbert von Schleifras.
* Charles-André van Loo travels to Rome to study under Benedetto Luti and Pierre Legros.
* Lorenzo Mattielli settles in Vienna.

## Paintings

* Rosalba Carriera – Bacchante with a tambourine
* Giuseppe Maria Crespi – The Seven Sacraments series
* Ádám Mányoki – Portrait of Francis II Rákóczi
* Paolo de Matteis – The Choice of Hercules (Ashmolean Museum, Oxford)
* Adriaen van der Werff – The Judgement of Paris

## Births

* February 19 – Arthur Devis, English portrait painter, particularly known for his conversation pieces and other such small portraits (died 1787)
* October 5 – Francesco Guardi, Venetian painter of veduta (died 1793)
* October 30 – Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, German painter (died 1774)
* December 11 – Francesco Algarotti, Italian philosopher and art critic (died 1764)
* date unknown
** Giuseppe Angeli, Italian painter of the late-baroque active mainly in Venice (died 1798)
** John Cleveley the Elder, English marine artist (died 1777)
** Simon Fokke, Dutch designer, etcher, and engraver (died 1784)
** Nicolas Jean Baptiste Poilly, French draftsman and engraver (died 1780)
** Toriyama Sekien, scholar and ukiyo-e artist of Japanese folklore (died 1788)
** Johan Stålbom, Finnish painter who later lived and worked in Sweden (died 1777)
** Stefano Torelli, Italian painter of altar-pieces and ceiling decorations (died 1784)
* probable
** Károly Bebo, Hungarian sculptor, builder and decorator noted for his stucco work (died 1777)

## Deaths

* May 30 – Andrea Lanzani, Italian painter for the Habsburg court (born 1645)
* August 23 – Jan Kryštof Liška, Czech Baroque painter (born 1650)
* September 9
** Jan Jiří Heinsch, Czech-German painter of the Baroque style (born 1647)
** Jean Mauger, French medallist (born 1648)
* September 12 – Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter (born 1637)
* November 26 – Pietro Dandini, Italian painter of the Baroque period active in Florence (born 1646)
* date unknown
** Louis Audran, French engraver (born 1670)
** Andrea Celesti, Venetian painter (born 1637)
** Giovanni Evangelista Draghi, Italian painter of the Baroque period (born 1657)
** Buhurizade Mustafa Itri, Ottoman-Turkish musician, composer, calligrapher, singer and poet (born 1640)
** Francesco Monti (il Brescianino), Italian painter of battle scenes (born 1646)
** Lars Myra, Finnish painter (born unknown)
** Michelangelo Palloni, Italian painter (born 1637)
# Battle of Erzincan

The Battle of Erzincan (Russian: Эрзинджанское сражение, Turkish: Erzincan Muharebesi) was a Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.
In February 1916, Nikolai Yudenich had taken the cities of Erzurum and Trabzon. Trabzon had provided the Russians with a port to receive reinforcements in the Caucasus. Enver Pasha ordered the Third Army, now under Vehip Pasha, to retake Trabzon. Vehip's attack failed and General Yudenich counterattacked on July 2. The Russian attack hit the Turkish communications center of Erzincan forcing Vehip's troops to retreat as well as losing 34,000 men, half taken as POWs. As a result, the Third Army was rendered ineffective for the rest of the year and Erzincan was captured by the Russians.