# 1976 Portuguese presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 27 June 1976.
With a broad base of support that comprised the center-left and the center-right, Ramalho Eanes won the election on the first round and became the first elected President of Portugal after the Carnation Revolution.
The Portuguese Communist Party presented its own candidate, Octávio Pato, a well known anti-fascist. One of the major responsibles for the military operations during the Carnation Revolution, in 1974, Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, was also a candidate.

## Electoral system

Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it is necessary to gather between 7,500 and 15,000 signatures and submit them to the Portuguese Constitutional Court.
According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a majority of votes. If no candidate gets this majority there will take place a second round between the two most voted candidates.

## Candidates
### Official candidates

* António Ramalho Eanes, Military officer, Main leader against the Coup of 25 November 1975, former chairman of RTP, supported by the Socialist Party, Social Democratic Party, Democratic and Social Centre and the Portuguese Workers' Communist Party;
* José Pinheiro de Azevedo, Navy officer, Prime Minister between 1975 and 1976, Independent candidate;
* Octávio Pato, supported by the Portuguese Communist Party;
* Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, Military officer, Independent candidate supported by the Popular Democratic Union, Movement of Socialist Left, People's Socialist Front and the Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat – Revolutionary Brigades;

### Unsuccessful candidacies

There was also one candidate rejected by the Portuguese Constitutional Court for not complying with the legal requirements:
* Venceslau Pompílio da Cruz;

## Campaign period
### Party slogans

| Candidate | Original slogan | English translation |
| António Ramalho Eanes | « Muitos prometem... Eanes cumpre » « Candidato de Portugal » | "Many promise ... Eanes delivers" "Portugal's Candidate" |
| Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho | « O 25 de Abril à Presidência » | "April 25 to the Presidency" |
| José Pinheiro de Azevedo | « Vota Pinheiro de Azevedo » | "Vote Pinheiro de Azevedo" |
| Octávio Pato | « Pela democracia e o socialismo » | "For democracy and socialism" |

### Candidates' debates

1976 Portuguese presidential election debates :
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee | P Present  A Absent invitee N Non-invitee |
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | Eanes | Otelo | Azevedo | Pato | Refs |
| 9 Jun 1976 | RTP1 | Joaquim Letria | P | P | P | P | |

## Opinion polls

| Polling firm | Date conducted | Sample size | Eanes | Otelo | Azevedo | Pato | Others | Lead |
| Election results | 26 Jun 1976 | — | 61.6 | 16.5 | 14.4 | 7.6 | — | 45.1 |
| Expresso | 9 Jun 1976 | — | 53.2 | 17.7 | 22.6 | 4.8 | 1.7 | 30.6 |

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | António Ramalho Eanes | Independent supported by the PS, PSD, CDS and the PCTP | 2,967,137 | 61.59 |
| | Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho | Independent supported by the UDP, MES, FSP and the PRP-BR | 792,760 | 16.46 |
| | José Pinheiro de Azevedo | Independent | 692,147 | 14.37 |
| | Octávio Pato | Portuguese Communist Party | 365,586 | 7.59 |
| Total | Total | Total | 4,817,630 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 4,817,630 | 98.70 |
| Invalid votes | Invalid votes | Invalid votes | 20,253 | 0.41 |
| Blank votes | Blank votes | Blank votes | 43,242 | 0.89 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 4,881,125 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 6,467,480 | 75.47 |
| Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições |||||

### Results by district

| District | District | Eanes | Eanes | Otelo | Otelo | Azevedo | Azevedo | Pato | Pato | Turnout |
| District | District | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Turnout |
| | Aveiro | 217,589 | 74.47% | 20,634 | 6.97% | 46,346 | 15.86% | 7,866 | 2.69% | 77.38% |
| | Azores | 30,646 | 86.06% | 9,510 | 9.01% | 17,076 | 16.18% | 2,562 | 2.43% | 71.13% |
| | Beja | 36,219 | 34.59% | 34,339 | 32.80% | 7,296 | 6.97% | 26,844 | 25.64% | 74.37% |
| | Braga | 218,459 | 70.20% | 25,089 | 8.06% | 59,093 | 18.99% | 8,550 | 2.75% | 82.34% |
| | Bragança | 67,593 | 82.59% | 2,725 | 3.33% | 9,357 | 11.43% | 2,167 | 2.65% | 68.71% |
| | Castelo Branco | 98,828 | 76.25% | 14,393 | 11.33% | 10,927 | 8.61% | 4,833 | 3.81% | 73.66% |
| | Coimbra | 147,906 | 71.93% | 19,801 | 9.63% | 29,038 | 14.12% | 8,887 | 4.32% | 67.51% |
| | Évora | 39,847 | 36.03% | 38,509 | 34.82% | 10,500 | 9.50% | 21,726 | 19.65% | 81.28% |
| | Faro | 87,590 | 52.88% | 41,018 | 24.76% | 24,331 | 14.69% | 12,698 | 7.67% | 70.81% |
| | Guarda | 88,451 | 82.87% | 4,528 | 4.24% | 11,194 | 10.49% | 2,558 | 2.40% | 72.64% |
| | Leiria | 156,404 | 76.63% | 18,682 | 9.15% | 20,109 | 9.85% | 8,915 | 4.37% | 73.26% |
| | Lisbon | 582,103 | 53.55% | 259,915 | 23.91% | 132,600 | 12.20% | 112,395 | 10.34% | 75.93% |
| | Madeira | 76,417 | 72.39% | 9,510 | 9.01% | 17,076 | 16.18% | 2,562 | 2.43% | 74.81% |
| | Portalegre | 47,665 | 56.12% | 14,122 | 16.63% | 10,893 | 12.82% | 12,258 | 14.43% | 78.24% |
| | Porto | 450,236 | 60.43% | 86,356 | 11.59% | 169,940 | 22.81% | 38,548 | 5.17% | 80.76% |
| | Santarém | 141,397 | 58.68% | 48,370 | 20.07% | 31,564 | 13.10% | 19,634 | 8.15% | 73.53% |
| | Setúbal | 96,739 | 29.87% | 135,495 | 41.83% | 31,166 | 9.62% | 60,519 | 18.68% | 77.78% |
| | Viana do Castelo | 87,136 | 74.64% | 8,075 | 6.92% | 17,174 | 14.71% | 4,362 | 3.74% | 72.36% |
| | Vila Real | 91,261 | 81.59% | 4,552 | 4.07% | 12,604 | 11.27% | 3,433 | 3.07% | 67.59% |
| | Viseu | 155,520 | 81.19% | 7,447 | 3.90% | 25,071 | 13.09% | 3,490 | 1.82% | 69.81% |
| Source: SGMAI Presidential Election Results |||||||||||

### Maps

* Strongest candidate by electoral district.
* Strongest candidate by municipality: Eanes - magenta; Otelo - dark red; Octávio Pato - red.