OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Edward Grainger

Edward Grainger (1797–1824) was an English teacher of anatomy and dresser to Sir Astley Cooper. Grainger opened an anatomical school in Webb Street, Southwark, London in 1819 after his offer to teach at Guy's Hospital was rejected.
The school was successful until the College of Surgeons changed their by-laws to squeeze the independent schools. The Webb Street school was continued by Edward's brother, Richard Dugard Grainger, after Edward's early death.

## Life

Grainger was born in Birmingham and was the elder son of Edward Grainger, who was a surgeon and later the author of Medical and Surgical Remarks (1815). After receiving medical instruction from his father, he entered as a student at the united hospitals of St. Thomas's and Guy's in October 1816. He was a dresser to Sir Astley Cooper, who advised him to open an anatomical school in Birmingham after he had become a member of the Royal College of Surgeons. When Charles Aston Key was appointed demonstrator of anatomy by Cooper, Grainger was anxious to be made joint demonstrator with him. Failing in that, he opened an anatomical school and dissecting-room of his own in June 1819. Grainger's school was located in the large attic of a tailor's house in St. Saviour's Churchyard, Southwark.
Grainger began with 30 pupils and was successful. In the autumn of 1819, he moved to a location close to Guy's in Webb Street, Maze Pond, in a building had been used as a Roman Catholic chapel. Grainger's school had the favour of the resurrection men, speedily rivalled the hospital schools, and drew pupils from them. In 1821 he built a theatre in Webb Street and was joined by John Armstrong and Richard Phillips. Despite obstacles put in the way of the students by hospital surgeons in London, especially the council of the Royal College of Surgeons, Grainger's school grew. In 1823 he built a larger theatre, and the school had nearly 300 pupils.
Grainger died from consumption at his father's house in Birmingham, on 13 January 1824, having not quite completed his twenty-seventh year.
# Berkshire Medical Center

Berkshire Medical Center is a mid-sized non-profit community hospital located in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. The hospital is part of Berkshire Health Systems, a three-hospital healthcare system operating in Western Massachusetts. In 2022, the hospital reported 198 staffed beds, almost 12,000 discharges, and over 15,000 emergency department visits.

## History

The hospital's history goes back to the original House of Mercy, which opened in Pittsfield in 1875. Harriette Merrick Plunkett served as its president.
In 1949, the House of Mercy was renamed Pittsfield General Hospital, and moved into a new seven-level, 245-bed location in 1962. It merged with St. Luke's Hospital in 1968, becoming the Berkshire Medical Center. It merged with Hillcrest Hospital in 1996. It acquired the former North Adams Regional Hospital property from Bankruptcy Court on August 29, 2014.

## Certifications

Berkshire is certified by the American College of Surgeons as a Level III trauma center and by The Joint Commission.
# 2005 St Peter Port South by-election

The 2005 St Peter Port South by-election was held in the States of Guernsey district of St Peter Port South on 21 September 2005 following the death of deputy Michael Burbridge in June 2005. The deadline for nominations was 26 August.
There were eight candidates, Roy Bisson, Michael Bourgaize, Barry Cash, Gloria Dudley-Owen, Jan Kuttlewascher, Peter Leigh, Angus Perfitt, and Jenny Tasker. Perfitt withdrew in early September before the election, however, his name remained on the ballot. Tasker won with 306 votes.

## Result

2005 St Peter Port South by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Jenny Tasker | 306 | 31.8% |
| | Independent | Jan Kuttlewascher | 204 | 21.2% |
| | Independent | Barry Cash | N/A | N/A |
| | Independent | Roy Bisson | 125 | 13% |
| | Independent | Gloria Dudley-Owen | N/A | N/A |
| | Independent | Peter Leigh | 58 | 6% |
| | Independent | Michael Bourgaize | 19 | 2% |
| | Independent | Angus Perfitt | 6 | 0.6% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 102 | 10.6% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 963 | 32.5% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 2,963 | |
# D. Allan Bromley

David Allan Bromley (May 4, 1926 – February 10, 2005) was a Canadian-American physicist, academic administrator and science advisor to President George H. W. Bush. His field of research was the study of low-energy nuclear reactions and structure using heavy ion beams.

## Life

Born in Westmeath, Ontario, Canada, he received a Bachelor of Science in 1949 and a Master of Science in 1950 from Queen's University. He received a M.S. and a Ph.D. degree in nuclear physics in 1952 from the University of Rochester in the United States. From 1952 to 1953, he was an instructor, and from 1953 to 1954 he was an assistant professor at the University of Rochester. In 1955, he was hired as an associate research officer, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., and from 1958 to 1960 he was a senior research officer and section head.
In 1960, he moved to the United States to become an associate professor of physics at Yale University. He became a U.S. citizen in 1970. He was appointed a professor in 1961 and was associate director of the Heavy Ion Accelerator Lab from 1960 to 1963. He was the founder, and from 1963 to 1989, the director, of Yale's A. W. Wright Nuclear Structure Lab. From 1970 to 1977, he was chairman of the physics department. In 1972, he was appointed the Henry Ford II Professor of Physics and was in this position until 1993.
Before being appointed under the Bush Cabinet, he was a member of President Ronald Reagan's White House Science Council. While serving as Bush's science advisor from 1989 to 1993, he pushed for major increases in scientific research funding so that the United States could compete with Japan and Germany in manufacturing. He also supported the expansion of the high-speed network which eventually became the Internet. In addition he is known for having played a key role in impeding progress toward international action on climate change at the Noordwijk Climate Conference. During the final negotiation, Bromley, urged by White House Chief of Staff John Sununu, convinced the conference to abandon the commitment to freeze emissions.
Following his public policy work, he returned to Yale University to serve as Sterling Professor of the Sciences and dean of the Yale Faculty of Engineering from 1994 to 2000. His tenure as dean substantially revived Yale's engineering programs and led to its re-establishment as the Yale School of Engineering & Applied Science. He continued teaching at Yale until his death in 2005.
Over his career, he had many honors including 33 honorary degrees and membership in the United States National Academy of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1988, Bromley was awarded the National Medal of Science.
# Thomas Township, Ellsworth County, Kansas

Thomas Township is a township in Ellsworth County, Kansas, United States.

## Geography

Thomas Township covers an area of 36.1 square miles (93 km$^2$) with an elevation of 1,787 feet (545 m) and contains no incorporated settlements.

## Demographics

In 1898, the population was 256, in 1900, the population dropped down to 215.
# Lunar Magic

Lunar Magic is a level editor created by FuSoYa for Super Mario World that allows the user to edit and create custom graphics, blocks, sprites, levels, backgrounds, music, overworld maps, and full title screen and credits. The program is distributed as freeware and runs on Microsoft Windows.

## History

According to FuSoYa, he started the development of Lunar Magic for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System game Super Mario World, in February 2000, with the first public release coming on September 24, 2000. FuSoYa, who coded the editor and reverse engineered the base game as a solo developer, also created Super Demo World as a way to showcase what the new editor was capable of creating.
New releases with improvements have regularly come over the years, with the most recent update coming on December 25, 2024, to version 3.51. As of December 2024, it remains the only publicly released level editor for Super Mario World.

## Reception

Reception for Lunar Magic has been positive. Kotaku praised it, noting it was a "Cool level editor for Super Mario World" and stated "Lunar Magic is sure to revive the seemingly, never-flagging love for the ultimate side-scroller." Boing Boing thanked the editor's creator for making it. Simon Carless' 2005 book Gaming Hacks by O'Reilly Media describes it as "One of the most spectacular, fully formed level editor hacks of all time". 1UP.com stated that "This unprecedented editor allows for easy creation of brand new levels for Super Mario World."
The website Super Mario World Central, or SMW Central, was created in 2006 and is mostly dedicated to showing off ROM hacks made using Lunar Magic.
# Zupci (Bar Municipality)

Zupci (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Зупци) is a village in the municipality of Bar, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, its population was 136.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Montenegrins | 110 | 80.9% |
| Serbs | 15 | 11.0% |
| other/undeclared | 11 | 8.1% |
| Total | 136 | 100% |
# Thomas Fogdö

Hans Thomas Fogdö (born 14 March 1970) is a Swedish former alpine skier.
A slalom specialist, he won the World Cup for that discipline in 1993.
On 7 February 1995, a training accident at Åre, Sweden, in which he broke his spine left him disabled. Today, he works for various sponsor projects and for the Swedish Ski Association.

## World Cup victories

| Date | Location | Race |
| 23 March 1991 | Waterville Valley | Slalom |
| 6 December 1992 | Val-d'Isère | Slalom |
| 19 December 1992 | Kranjska Gora | Slalom |
| 17 January 1993 | Lech am Arlberg | Slalom |
| 28 March 1993 | Åre | Slalom |
# Edward Haynes

Edward Haynes or Haines (fl. 1683–1708) was an English astronomer and Fellow of the Royal Society.
Haynes observed the lunar eclipse of 11 February 1682 from Basing Lane in London, an event also observed by Edmond Halley and John Flamsteed, at Greenwich. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 2 May 1683, nominated by Flamsteed and Halley.
A nonconformist, Haynes was in the congregation of Edmund Calamy the Younger, who died at his house in Totteridge, then in Hertfordshire A later published observation from Totteridge noted its distance from London and displacement to the west.
# September 2006 Sark electoral system referendum

A referendum on the composition of the Chief Pleas was held in Sark between 16 August and 6 September 2006, following an informal referendum in February. Voters were given the choice of having all 28 seats elected, or to have 12 seats for Deputies, eight for tenants and eight elected by everyone.

## Background

On 8 March 2006 the Chief Pleas voted to reduce the number of seats from 52 to 28. The proposed system at the time was for 14 seats to be reserved for landowners and 14 elected by the general population. However, in April the Seigneur Michael Beaumont warned the Pleas that this may not be approved by the Privy Council. In July three options were put forward; electing all 28 members by universal suffrage; having 16 members elected by the general public and 16 elected by tenants, and having 16 tenants and 16 general members all elected by universal suffrage. A meeting held on 6 July was unable to make a decision due to disagreements on whether to hold a consultative referendum. However, the referendum was agreed to on 9 August.
The Pleas determined that voter turnout must be at least 60% and that a winning option must receive 54.5% of the vote.

## Results

   Which of the following options for the composition of the Cheaf Pleas would you prefer:
   [A] 28 Open Seats
   [B] 12 Seats for Deputies, 8 Seats for Tenants, 8 Open Seats
| Choice | Votes | % |
| Option A | 234 | 55.98 |
| Option B | 184 | 44.02 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1 | – |
| Total | 419 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 468 | 89.52 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||
# Ambala language

Ambala is a Sambalic language spoken in the Philippines. It has more than 2,000 speakers and is spoken within Aeta communities in the Zambal municipalities of Subic, San Marcelino, and Castillejos; in the city of Olongapo; and in Dinalupihan, Bataan.
Reid (1994) reports the following Ambala locations, from SIL word lists:
* Maliwacat, Cabalan, Olongapo, Zambales
* Batong Kalyo (Pili), San Marcelino, Zambales
Himes (2012) also collected Ambala data from the following locations:
* Pastolan, Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority
* Gordon Heights, Olongapo City
# Virgo (astrology)

Virgo (♍︎; Ancient Greek: Παρθένος, romanized: Parthénos; Latin for "virgin" or "maiden") is the sixth astrological sign in the zodiac. It spans the 150–180th degree of the zodiac. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun transits this area between August 23 and September 22 on average. Depending on the system of astrology, individuals born during these dates may be called Virgos or Virgoans.
The sign is associated with Astraea, a figure from Greek mythology. Astraea was the last immortal to abandon Earth at the end of the Silver Age when the gods fled to Olympus, which is why Virgo is associated with Earth. Astraea later became the constellation of Virgo. Virgo is one of the three Earth signs, alongside Capricorn and Taurus.

## Origins

The constellation Virgo has various origins in different mythologies. In most myths, Virgo is depicted as a virgin maiden associated with wheat. In Greek and Roman mythology, Virgo is related to Demeter, the Greek goddess of the harvest and autumn, or her daughter Persephone, queen of the Underworld and goddess of spring.
Another association is with the myth of Parthenos, which explains how the constellation Virgo came to be. According to this legend, Parthenos is the daughter of Staphylus and Chrysothemis, and sister to Rhoeo and Molpadia. Apollo impregnated Rhoeo, and upon discovering her pregnancy, her father, assuming it was from an unknown suitor, locked her in a box and cast it into a river. Parthenos and Molpadia, fearing their father’s wrath, accidentally allowed a valuable bottle of wine to be broken by one of their swine. In terror, they fled and threw themselves off a nearby cliff. Apollo saved them, placing Molpadia in Castabus, where she became the local goddess Hemithea, and Parthenos in Bubastis, where she was worshipped as a local goddess. Another version of the story posits that Parthenos was Apollo’s daughter, and the constellation commemorates her early death.
In another Greek myth, Virgo is associated with Erigone, the Athenian maiden and daughter of Icarius. After Icarius was murdered by his shepherds in a drunken rage, Erigone hung herself in grief, and her dog Maera committed suicide. Zeus or Dionysus placed them in the sky as constellations: Erigone as Virgo, Icarius as Bootes, and Maera as Canis Minor.
In Egyptian mythology, the Sun’s presence in Virgo marked the beginning of the wheat harvest, thus linking Virgo to the wheat grain. In Christianity, the birth of Jesus to a virgin in Bethlehem is symbolically connected to Virgo. The ancient Zodiac began with Virgo and ended with Leo.
In Hindu astrology, the comparable sign to Virgo is Kanya, which also means "maiden."
# Elías Pereyra

Elías Juan Pereyra (born 15 February 1999) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Instituto, on loan from Godoy Cruz.

## Club career

Pereyra's career got underway with San Lorenzo, signing in 2007. Claudio Biaggio was the manager who gave him his debut, selecting him to start and finish a 2–2 draw with Lanús on 19 August 2018. His next appearance arrived days later in the Copa Sudamericana versus Club Nacional. After thirteen appearances for the club, Pereyra departed on loan in January 2020 to LigaPro side Benfica B. He appeared in fixtures with Leixões and C.D. Nacional before returning to San Lorenzo. On 12 August 2020, Pereyra was signed by Super League Greece club Panetolikos; he penned a three-year contract.

## International career

Pereyra has previously been selected by the Argentina U20s, including to train with the senior squad in March 2018 and at the 2018 FIFA World Cup months later. In December, Pereyra was picked for the 2019 South American U-20 Championship.

## Personal life

Pereyra was diagnosed with leukemia at the age of 13. After ten months of chemotherapy at Hospital Garrahan, Pereyra was cleared of the disease.

## Career statistics

    As of 17 December 2020.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| San Lorenzo | 2018–19 | Argentine Primera División | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| San Lorenzo | 2019–20 | Argentine Primera División | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| San Lorenzo | Total | Total | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Benfica B (loan) | 2019–20 | LigaPro | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Panetolikos | 2020–21 | Super League Greece | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 17 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearance in Copa Sudamericana
# Coeur d'Alene River

The Coeur d'Alene River flows 37 miles (60 km) from the Silver Valley into Lake Coeur d'Alene in the U.S. state of Idaho. The stream continues out of Lake Coeur d'Alene as the Spokane River.
Before the Bunker Hill Smelter in the Kellogg area, which mined lead and silver, was forced to adopt environmental controls in the 1970s, there was so much lead in the river in the Kellogg area the locals called the stream "Lead Creek".
Salmon levels continue to remain high in the area, and it is a popular destination for water-skiing, tubing, and swimming for locals.
All of the real bodies of water in the film Dante's Peak were either the Coeur d'Alene River or one of its tributaries, as Wallace, Idaho, where the movie was filmed, is in the Silver Valley.
Environmental concerns have come from upstream hard rock mining and smelting operations in the Silver Valley. The Coeur d'Alene Basin, including the Coeur d'Alene River, Lake Coeur d'Alene, and also the Spokane River is polluted with heavy metals such as lead and was designated a superfund site in 1983 that spans 1,500 square miles (3,884.98 km$^2$) and 166 miles (267 km) of the Coeur d'Alene River. The majority of the lake bed is covered in a layer of contaminated sediment and local health officials at the Panhandle Health District advise the lake's visitors to wash anything that has come into contact with potentially lead-laced soil or dust in the Coeur d'Alene River basin.
# Jörgen Sundqvist (alpine skier)

Nils Jörgen Sundqvist (born 1 May 1962 in Arvidsjaur) is a Swedish former alpine skier who competed in the 1984 and 1988 Winter Olympics.
# Edward Horne

Edward Larkin Horne (22 April 1835 – 5 February 1908) was an English clergyman. He was also a cricketer who played first-class cricket for Cambridge University and Cambridge Town Club, known sometimes as "Cambridgeshire". He was born in London and died at Whissendine in Rutland.
Captain of cricket at Shrewsbury School in 1854, Horne appeared for Cambridge University between 1855 and 1858 in eight matches that have subsequently been designated as first-class, playing as an all-rounder: a lower order batsman and a bowler. Three of his matches were the University matches against Oxford University in 1855, 1857 and 1858; his record in these games was not distinguished, but in other matches, he twice took six wickets in an innings. He also played once in a first-class match for Cambridgeshire in 1858 during that team's fleeting status as one of the first-class counties.

## Career after university

Horne graduated as the 35th Wrangler from Clare College, Cambridge in 1858 and was then ordained as a priest in the Church of England. He was vicar of Whissendine in Rutland from 1864 until he retired in 1906; he remained in the village and died there two years later.
# Too Beautiful to Die

Too Beautiful to Die (Italian: Sotto il vestito niente II) is a 1988 Italian giallo film directed by Dario Piana. The film is an in-name only sequel to Nothing Underneath (1985). It is about a group of models and dancers who find that one member of their crew has been raped and then later murdered. The group finds that the killer is taking revenge on anyone involved in the original assault, just as a new person joins their group for a music video-styled project. The film has received negative reviews from Scott Aaron Stine, Roberto Curti and L'Unita who found the film to be all style with no substance.

## Production

Too Beautiful to Die was shot in English and directed by Dario Piana, who mostly worked in making commercials. The film is an in-name-only sequel to Nothing Underneath (1985).

## Release

Too Beautiful to Die was released in November 1988 in Italy. It grossed a little under 2 billion Italian lire. Too Beautiful to Die and Nothing Underneath were released on blu-ray by Vinegar Syndrome in October 2021.

## Reception

From contemporary reviews, a reviewer in Italy's L'Unita noted a lack of a good script while finding that Piana had a technical expertise comparable to directors like Adrian Lyne and Ridley Scott.
Retrospective reviews from Italian critic Roberto Curti stated the film "looked like a lengthy music video with a barely coherent plot attached to it". Scott Aaron Stine wrote in his book The Gorehound's Guide to Splatter Films of the 1980s that film was "even shallower than [Nothing Underneath]" finding that it was "undeniably more stylish (the Italian crew remembered their heritage this time out) but a heck of a lot less engaging than the first film (which is saying something)" and that "the characters are all sleazy and undeserving of anyone's sympathy, and the murders quite rote, to boot."
# Pepe Gotera y Otilio

Pepe Gotera y Otilio, or more complete Pepe Gotera y Otilio, chapuzas a domicilio (roughly: Pepe Leak and Otilio, botched jobs home delivered) are Spanish comic characters of the series of the same name created by Francisco Ibáñez Talavera in 1966 focusing on the comic adventures of two bumbling and disastrous workmen.

## Plot

The main characters are Pepe Gotera and Otilio, who form a peculiar company of reparations and other manual jobs.
* Pepe Gotera is the boss, the foreman, meaning that he only gives orders and works as little as possible. He always wears a red bowler hat and a Groucho Marx-style mustache.
* Otilio is who does the hard work, although he is more concerned about lunch time than the reparations he has to do. He is fat and wears a blue cap and overall. At the beginning of every comic he appears eating completely absurd and excessive dishes (such as a sandwich of elephant, whale, cow, etc.) and later when working he uses very rustic and unsafe methods for carrying out the work.
Actually none of them work, and they cause trouble and all kinds of disasters in the places they visit, such as landslides, flooding, explosions and many more variants.
As with Mort and Phil (the most famous series of the author), is always Pepe Gotera, the boss, who ends up paying the blunders of his partner, and because of their ineptitude most of the comics finish with a customer angered by the result of their efforts.

## Publication

The first strip of the workers appeared on 2 April 1966 in the Tío Vivo magazine. and soon became one of the most popular characters of the author.
In 1985 they had their own short-lived namesake magazine (8 issues) which published a long "apocryphal" (not by Ibáñez) story titled El castillo de los Pelhamcudy, by Juan Martínez Osete.

## Influence

Several television critics have commented that the TV series Manos a la obra, broadcast in Antena 3 from 1998 to 2001 is inspired by this comic.