OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Galikash County

Galikash County (Persian: شهرستان گالیکش) is in Golestan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Galikash.

## History

In 2009, Galikash District was separated from Minudasht County in the establishment of Galikash County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Galikash as its capital and only city at the time.
After the 2016 National Census, the villages of Sadeqabad and Yanqaq were elevated to city status.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 census, the county's population was 59,975 people in 16,384 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 63,173 in 18,721 households.

### Administrative divisions

Galikash County's population history and administrative structure over two consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Galikash County Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2011 | 2016 |
| Central District | 44,363 | 47,457 |
| Nilkuh RD | 3,317 | 3,899 |
| Yanqaq RD | 20,215 | 20,164 |
| Galikash (city) | 20,831 | 23,394 |
| Yanqaq (city) | | |
| Loveh District | 15,612 | 15,716 |
| Golestan RD | 3,930 | 4,002 |
| Qaravolan RD | 11,682 | 11,714 |
| Sadeqabad (city) | | |
| Total | 59,975 | 63,173 |
| RD = Rural District |||
# Gaita gastoreña

The gaita gastoreña is a type of hornpipe native to El Gastor, a region of Andalucia, Spain. It consists of a simple reed, a wooden tube in its upper part, and a resonating bell of horn in its lower part. Such instruments are only found outside El Gastor in Madrid and in the Basque Country (see: alboka).

## Background

Traditionally, the gaita gastoreña was played from November on. The youth played the hornpipe around the fire for entertainment during the long nights at the close of the year. After the end of the Christmas festivities, the hornpipe would not be played until the following year.
Currently, the hornpipe is played for the festivals of Corpus Christi and Christmas in El Gastor.
The instrument was a pastoral instrument, probably played by shepherds.
# Subsistence (disambiguation)

Subsistence may refer to:
* Subsistence economy, a non-monetary economy to provide for basic needs
* Travel and subsistence, expenses related to business travel
* Subsistit in, Catholic ecclesiological doctrine of Vatican II
# Louis Bastien (cyclist)

Eugène Louis Bastien (26 October 1881 in Paris – 13 August 1963) was a French racing cyclist and fencer who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in Cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the men's 25 kilometre race. He also competed in the individual épée event at the same games.
# Hatpukur

Hatpukur is a small village in Hooghly district in the state of West Bengal, India. Hatpukur is divided into five areas: Mazer Para (Musjid Tala), Paschim Para, Uttar Para (Mulla Para), Dakshin Para, and Purba Para.
There is one mosque in the center of the village in Mazer Para & Another is in under construction in Paschim Para. is also a medical sub-centre and a primary school in Uttar Para. And there is also an Eidgah Maidana for Eid. Saddam Mullick.
# Paleoparadoxia

Paleoparadoxia ("ancient paradox") is a genus of large, herbivorous aquatic mammals that inhabited the northern Pacific coastal region during the Miocene epoch (20 to 10 million years ago). It ranged from the waters of Japan (Tsuyama and Yanagawa), to Alaska in the north, and down to Baja California, Mexico.

## Description

Paleoparadoxia is thought to have fed primarily on seaweeds and sea grasses. The jaws and the angle of the teeth resemble a backhoe bucket. Its bulky body was well adapted for swimming and underwater foraging. Originally interpreted as amphibious, Paleoparadoxia is now thought to have been a fully marine mammal like their living relatives, the sirenians, spending most of their lives walking across the sea bottom like marine hippos. Studies on its habitat preference show that it favoured deep, offshore waters.
Recent discoveries have extended the known geographical range of Paleoparadoxia, with the oldest record from the northwest Pacific suggesting a much earlier presence in this region. This finding implies that Paleoparadoxia had a wider distribution and potentially different migratory patterns than previously understood, hinting at a complex early evolution within the Desmostylia order.
Size estimates of P. tabatai vary, with the Tsuyama specimen measuring 215 cm (7.05 ft) in length, 80 cm (2.6 ft) in height, and 582 kg (1,283 lb) in body mass, and the other specimens measuring 1,048 kg (2,310 lb) and 3.2 metric tons (3.5 short tons) in body mass.
Tokunaga 1939 named the genus Cornwallius but Reinhart 1959 synonymized it as a species of Paleoparadoxia.
# Bandiera

Bandiera is an Italian surname, meaning flag. Notable people with the name include:
* Bandiera brothers (died 1844), Italian nationalists during the Risorgimento
* Benedetto Bandiera (c. 1560–1634), Italian painter of the early-Baroque period
* Bobby Bandiera (born 1953), American rock guitarist, singer and songwriter
* Dario Bandiera (born 1970), Italian actor and comedian
* Dean Bandiera (1926–2020), Canadian football player
* Irma Bandiera (1915–1944) Italian resistance member
* Marco Bandiera (born 1984), Italian road bicycle racer
* Neri Bandiera (born 1989), Argentine football forward
* Oriana Bandiera (born 1971), Italian economist and academic
# Pietro Belletti

Pietro Belletti (Rocchetta Tanaro, 12 June 1884 – Rome, 3 January 1950) was an Italian general during World War II.

## Biography

He was born in Rocchetta Tanaro, in the province of Alessandria, on June 28, 1884. In 1903 he entered the Royal Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers in Turin, graduating on September 7, 1905 with the rank of artillery second lieutenant. In 1911-1912 he participated in the Italo-Turkish War, where he was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor for his role in the battle of Sidi Bilal. He later took part in the First World War, serving in a field artillery regiment, being wounded on the Isonzo Front in August 1915 and awarded a silver medal and a second bronze medal for military valor. In 1922, while serving with the 23rd Field Artillery Regiment, he was assigned to the military staff of King Victor Emmanuel III. On 8 July 1932 he was promoted to the rank of colonel, and from September 1934 to August 1937 he commanded the Central School of Artillery; having been promoted to brigadier general from 1 July 1937, he was then given command of the artillery of the Army Corps of Udine, until May 1940.
With the entry of the Kingdom of Italy into the Second World War, on 10 June 1940, he was promoted to major general on 1 July of the same year and given command of the 15th Infantry Division "Bergamo". With this division he participated in the invasion of Yugoslavia, in April 1941, and then remained in Croatia for occupation duty until February 28, 1942, when he was replaced by General Alessandro Piazzoni. He then assumed command of the newly formed 105th Infantry Division "Rovigo" until October 1942, when he was appointed commander of the artillery to the Tripoli Headquarters. He was then requested by General Giovanni Messe as commander of the artillery of the 1st Army in Tunisia, where he was taken prisoner on 13 May 1943, when the last Axis forces in North Africa surrendered. He was then transferred to a generals' POW camp in Wilton Park, England; he was released in 1944, following the Armistice of Cassibile, and returned to Italy, where he became Inspector of the Artillery Corps until 1945, when he was placed on absolute leave. He died on January 3, 1950.
# Inés Remersaro

Inés Remersaro Coronel (born December 2, 1992) is an Olympic backstroke swimmer from Uruguay.
Remersaro competed at the 2011 Pan American Games in the Women's 100 metre backstroke and at the Women's 200 metre backstroke, finishing 20th and 16th respectively.
She also competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's 100 metre backstroke, finishing in 43rd place in the heats, failing to qualify for the semifinals.
In 2019, she represented Uruguay at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships held in Gwangju, South Korea. She competed in the women's 50 metre freestyle and women's 100 metre freestyle events. In both events she did not advance to compete in the semi-finals.
# Armando González (athlete)

Armando González (born 20 April 1940) is a Uruguayan long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Darwin Piñeyrúa

Darwin Piñeyrúa (23 December 1945 – 11 February 1978) was a Uruguayan athlete. He competed in the men's hammer throw at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was the flag bearer for Uruguay in the opening ceremony.
He died at an early age as a result of a malignant melanoma on his head. The main track and field venue in Uruguay, the Pista de Atletismo Darwin Piñeyrúa, was named in his honour in 2010. There is also an annual memorial athletics competition in his name Grand Prix Darwin Piñeyrúa which takes place on the said stadium in March.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Uruguay ||||||
| 1964 | South American Junior Championships | Santiago, Chile | 3rd | Shot put | 14.22 m |
| 1967 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 6th | Shot put | 13.81 m |
| 1967 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 10th | Discus throw | 35.62 m |
| 1967 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 4th | Hammer throw | 52.52 m |
| 1969 | South American Championships | Quito, Ecuador | 3rd | Hammer throw | 56.48 m |
| 1971 | Pan American Games | Cali, Colombia | 3rd | Hammer throw | 61.54 m |
| 1971 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 4th | Shot put | 14.89 m |
| 1971 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 2nd | Hammer throw | 61.36 m |
| 1972 | Olympic Games | Munich, West Germany | 31st (q) | Hammer throw | 59.84 m |
| 1974 | South American Championships | Santiago, Chile | 6th | Shot put | 14.42 m |
| 1974 | South American Championships | Santiago, Chile | 1st | Hammer throw | 62.99 m |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 5th | Shot put | 14.50 m |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 6th | Discus throw | 43.04 m |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1st | Hammer throw | 61.20 m |
| 1975 | Pan American Games | Mexico City, Mexico | 8th | Hammer throw | 62.12 m |
# Princess Magdalena Reuss of Köstritz

Magdalena Pauline (20 August 1920 – 10 October 2009) was the wife of Prince Hubertus of Prussia, and was henceforth Princess Hubertus of Prussia. By birth, she was a member of the House of Reuss.

## Early life

Born on 20 Aug 1920, Leipzig, Germany, as the eldest daughter of Prince Heinrich XXXVI Reuss of Schleiz-Köstritz (1888-1956) and his wife, Princess Hermine of Schönburg-Waldenburg (1899-1982). She had one younger sister Princess Caroline (1923-2010), who married Count Alfred of Wedel-Jarlsberg (1895-1973).

## Marriage and issue

On 5 June 1943 at Schloss Prillwitz in Potsdam, Magdalena married Prince Hubertus of Prussia, a younger son of William, German Crown Prince and Duchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. He had previously been married to Baroness Maria Anna Sybilla Margaretha von Humboldt-Dachröden (1916-2003), whom he divorced the year he married Magdalena. They had two daughters:
* Princess Anastasia Victoria Cecilia Hermine of Prussia (born February 14, 1944). Married Alois-Konstantin, 9th Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg and had issue.
* Princess Marie Christine of Prussia (July 18, 1947 – May 29, 1966) who died from injuries resulting from a car accident.
The couple settled briefly in Silesia but were forced to flee west with their infant daughter Anastasia from the advancing Red Army. Hubertus found work managing several wineries in 1947, and the couple had their second daughter that same year. Hubertus moved to south-western Africa in 1950 to begin a new life as a sheep farmer; he chose to leave because it "was a haven of rest far distant from the political turmoil in Germany". Magdalena and their two daughters planned to join him in Windhoek in the summer of that year. Hubertus caught appendicitis and died from peritonitis in April the following year with his wife by his side.
Magdalena moved back to Germany with her two daughters, where she raised them. Anastasia married the Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg in 1965, and Marie Christine died the next year in a car accident.
Magdalena died on 10 October 2009 at her daughter Anastasia's home, Löwenstein Castle, Kleinheubach. She was the last surviving daughter-in-law of Crown Prince Wilhelm. Magdalena was buried next to her husband at St. Michaels Bastei, near Burg Hohenzollern.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Magdalena Reuss of Köstritz :
# Reinaldo Piussi

Reinaldo Piussi (born 18 May 1999) is an Uruguayan rugby union player, currently playing for the Miami Sharks in Major League Rugby (MLR). His preferred position is prop.

## Early career

Piussi is from Montevideo and plays his club rugby for Carrasco Polo Club. His performances for Uruguay's U20 side, earned him a move to Oyonnax to join their academy.

## Professional career

Piussi was named in the Peñarol squad for the 2023 Super Rugby Americas season, making two appearances. He signed for the Miami Sharks ahead of the 2024 Major League Rugby season.
Piussi made his debut for Uruguay in 2022 against Tonga. He was named in the Uruguay squad for the 2023 Rugby World Cup, making two appearances at the tournament.
# Rajbir Fartia

Rajbir Singh Dhatterwal is an Indian politician from Haryana. He is a Member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Loharu Assembly constituency as a Member of the Indian National Congress party.
# 1971 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election

Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in December 1971. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Harold Wilson), Deputy Leader (Roy Jenkins), Labour Chief Whip (Bob Mellish), Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (Douglas Houghton), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (Baron Shackleton), and Labour Chief Whip in the Lords (Baron Beswick) were automatically members. The Labour Lords elected one further member, Baron Champion.
Lever and Thomson both resigned in April 1972, and were replaced by Prentice and Silkin, the first two unsuccessful candidates. Jenkins resigned as deputy leader in the same month, and was replaced by Edward Short. This created an additional vacancy, and because the next two unsuccessful candidates had tied on votes, a run-off election was held to decide who would join the shadow cabinet. On 3 May, Barbara Castle defeated Eric Heffer by 111 votes to 89, to take the position.
The 12 winners of the election are listed below:
| Colour key | Retained in the Shadow Cabinet |
| Colour key | Joined the Shadow Cabinet |
| Colour key | Voted out of the Shadow Cabinet |
| Rank | Prior rank | Candidate | Constituency | Votes |
| 1 | 9 | Edward Short | Newcastle upon Tyne Central | 145 |
| 2 | 6 | Michael Foot | Ebbw Vale | 144 |
| 3 | 7 | Shirley Williams | Hitchin | 137 |
| 4 | 1 | James Callaghan | Cardiff South East | 134 |
| 5 | 13 | Willie Ross | Kilmarnock | 133 |
| 6 | 10 | Fred Peart | Workington | 130 |
| 7 | 8 | Harold Lever | Manchester Cheetham | 129 |
| 8 | 3 | Anthony Crosland | Great Grimsby | 128 |
| 9 | 11 | George Thomson | Dundee East | 126 |
| 10 | 5 | Tony Benn | Bristol South East | 122 |
| 11 | 31 | Peter Shore | Stepney | 105 |
| 12 | 2 | Denis Healey | Leeds East | 104 |
| 13 | 15 | Reg Prentice | Daventry | 95 |
| 14 | 22 | John Silkin | Deptford | 94 |
| 15= | 12 | Barbara Castle | Blackburn | 91 |
| 15= | 14 | Eric Heffer | Liverpool Walton | 91 |
| 17 | 20 | Cledwyn Hughes | Anglesey | 81 |
| 18 | 29 | Bill Rodgers | Stockton-on-Tees | 80 |
| 19 | 33 | Dickson Mabon | Greenock | 79 |
| 20 | 24 | Roy Mason | Barnsley | 78 |
| 21 | 23 | Douglas Jay | Battersea North | 72 |
| 22 | 21 | Willie Hamilton | West Fife | 64 |
| 23 | 19 | Ian Mikardo | Poplar | 63 |
| 24 | 32 | Stan Orme | Salford West | 56 |
| 25 | 26 | Merlyn Rees | Leeds South | 54 |
| 26 | 28 | George Thomas | Cardiff West | 51 |
| 27 | 25 | Joan Lestor | Eton and Slough | 42 |
| 28 | N/A | Raymond Fletcher | Ilkeston | 37 |
| 29 | 45 | Judith Hart | Lanark | 19 |
| 30 | N/A | Reg Freeson | Willesden East | 17 |
| 31 | N/A | William Hamling | Woolwich West | 16 |
| 32 | 48 | William Molloy | Ealing North | 7 |
| 33 | 51 | John Stonehouse | Wednesbury | 6 |
# Alexis Bruix

Alexis Vital Joseph, Baron of Bruix, (Brest, France, 1790 – Lima, Peru, 1825), Alejo Bruix in Spanish, was French soldier who joined to the patriot armies to fought in the Spanish American Wars of Independence.
Son of Étienne Eustache Bruix, Admiral of the French Navy. Alexis was in the Napoleonic campaigns in the 5th Regiment of Chasseurs a Cheval (Horse Hunters). After the Battle of Waterloo went to Buenos Aires, where he arrived on June 14, 1818. This year Alexis was sent to fight in the Army of the Andes, in the Regiment of Horse Grenadiers. He participated in the Battle of Chacabuco, the Battle of Cancha Rayada and the Battle of Maipú. During the military campaign in southern Chile he fought in the Battle of Bío Bío.
Alejo joined General José de San Martín in Freedom Expedition of Peru. He participated in the campaign of Quito with Juan Lavalle, and following the battles of Riobamba and Pichincha and was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Back in Peru, he joined the Army of Bolívar as a colonel, and fought in the campaigns of Junín and Ayacucho in 1824. He died by accident in Lima in 1825.
# Rocca al Mare Shopping Centre

Rocca al Mare Shopping Centre (Estonian: Rocca al Mare Kaubanduskeskus) is a shopping centre in Tallinn, Estonia. It is situated in Haabersti, Haabersti District.

## Stores and facilities

Rocca al Mare is the third largest shopping centre in Estonia, with a gross leasable area of 54,000 square metres (580,000 sq ft) containing nearly 170 different shops (including 14 restaurants and cafés), free of charge dressing room, and more than 1300 parking spaces.
The shopping centre has three floors, with the shops and other commercial services on the first and second floors. The third floor is reserved for parking. The biggest shops in the centre are Prisma, H&M, Marks and Spencer, Euronics, Reserved, and Rademar.

## History

Rocca al Mare Centre opened its doors in 1998, being the first and biggest of its kind in Estonia. It was designed by architects Meeli Truu and Anton Andres.
In 2005 Citycon Oyj (a company specialized on shopping centres' development and management) acquired Rocca al Mare Centre. Citycon Oyj's development began on 1 October 2008 when Rocca al Mare's first refreshed section was opened. In May 2009, a completely renovated fashion section in the left wing was opened, which offers a wide range of international and domestic brands. There are hundreds of brands represented in the centre, many of which have the only representative in Estonia located in the Rocca al Mare shopping centre.
# Herrand (bishop of Halberstadt)

Herrand (died 23/24 October 1102) was a German prelate who served as abbot of Ilsenburg (c. 1070–1090) and bishop of Halberstadt (1090–1102).

## Life

Herrand was probably born in Swabia around 1040. He belonged to a prominent family that produced several leading churchmen. One of his predecessors, Burchard II of Halberstadt, was his uncle and the Archbishops Anno II of Cologne and Werner of Magdeburg were his great uncles on his father's side.
Herrand was originally a monk of Gorze Abbey. He was sent to reform Saint Burchard's in Würzburg. His uncle appointed him schoolmaster of Halberstadt Cathedral and by 1070 he was abbot of Ilsenburg. He reformed the monastery and helped to re-establish the monastery of Huysburg in 1076. After Burchard's death in 1088, he was elected bishop.
Owing to the Investiture Contest, Herrand was unable even to enter the city, which was controlled by partisans of the Emperor Henry IV. He was consecrated by Pope Urban II in Rome on 19 January 1094 and took the name Stephen. In 1096, he established a provostry at Hillersleben [de] subject to Ilsenburg Abbey. Around 1100, he arranged for the monks of Ilsenburg to be moved to Harsefeld Abbey [de] when they came under threat. He himself took refuge in Magdeburg and later lived as a monk in Reinhardsbrunn Abbey, where he died.

## Works

The reformed monastic customs which Herrand pioneered in Saxony, based on those of Gorze and the Cluniac Reform, are known as the Ordo Ilseneburgensis. Beyond the houses which Herrand reformed directly, their influence was felt at Reinhardsbrunn (from 1084), Admont (1091) and Lippoldsberg [de] (c. 1100).
Herrand wrote several works which are lost or fragmentary. During his time in Ilsenburg, he kept yearbooks which were used as sources by the Saxon Annalist, Helmold of Bosau and the compilers of the Annals of Pöhlde, the Annals of Harsefeld, the Annals of Magdeburg  [de] and the Annals of Nienburg  [de]. His Passio Burchardi, an account of the death of Burchard II, is excerpted by the Saxon Annalist. It otherwise survives only in a fragmentary copy of the 17th century. Herrand also wrote a sermon on Burchard and a treatise "on hope", De spera, both now lost. A letter he wrote to Bishop Walram of Naumburg survives in a 12th-century manuscript. In 1094 or 1095, Walram, who belonged to Henry IV's party, wrote to persuade Count Louis the Springer to change sides. At Louis's request, Herrand penned a response, the Epistola de causa Heinrici regis ("Letter on the Case of King Henry").
# Pterostylis clavigera

Pterostylis clavigera, commonly known as the hairy snail orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to New South Wales. It has a rosette of leaves at its base, and when flowering, a single narrow, bright green and white flower on a rough flowering stem.

## Description

Pterostylis clavigera is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a rosette of dull green leaves 7–17 mm (0.3–0.7 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide with wavy edges. A single bright green and white flower, 11–17 mm (0.4–0.7 in) long and 4–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide is borne on a flowering stem 50–150 mm (2–6 in) high and covered with short hairs. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused, forming a hood or "galea" over the column, the sepal and petals with a short, nearly horizontal point on the end. The lateral sepals are erect, in close contact with the galea and have thread-like tips 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long. The lateral sepals almost close off the front of the flower and the sinus between them has a dark green central area. The labellum is 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide and hidden inside the flower. Flowering occurs from June to September.

## Taxonomy and naming

Pterostylis clavigera was first formally described in 1885 by Robert D. FitzGerald and the description was published in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. The specific epithet (clavigera) is a Latin word meaning "club-bearing".

## Distribution and habitat

The hairy snail orchid grows in shrubland, woodland and rocky slopes between Mudgee and Dubbo and in nearby areas.
# Santa Marta, Extremadura

Santa Marta is a municipality (population 4,157) in the Spanish province of Badajoz, in the autonomous community of Extremadura.