OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kerdasa massacre

The Kerdasa massacre refers to the killing of twelve Egyptian security personnel in August 2013 in Kerdasa's main police station, a town in Giza.

## The attack

On 14 August 2013, shortly after the Egyptian security forces launched a violent crackdown and massacre on two protest camps in Cairo where hundreds of supporters of ousted Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi were killed, more than fifty militants stormed the police station of Kerdasa killing 12 officers and 2 civilians.
According to the criminal investigation reports, about 50 militants and Bedouins militants besieged the station for more than 5 hours, before some masked men shot at the complex with RPGs. The victims' bodies showed signs of torture that might have led to their deaths and others were mutilated. The attackers later moved to the town's only church, chased out the people praying inside, torched it and later painted "we will show you rage and we will make you see terrorism" on one of the building's charred walls.

## Aftermath

On 19 September 2013, as a response to the attack, the Egyptian National Police stormed the village where they clashed with militants. Giza's deputy security chief, Major General Nabil Farrag, was killed during gunfire exchange between the police and the militants. The operation was aired on national television. A daytime curfew was announced during the raid while security officers were searching for the wanted. The police arrested 156 people. They were referred to court over the killings with charges of terrorism, murder, damaging public property and possession of weapons.
On 2 July 2017, the Cairo Criminal court sentenced 20 defendants to death, 80 defendants to life in prison, 34 defendants to 15 years imprisonment, a minor to ten years, and acquitted 21 defendants.
Nine defendants convicted for their role in the massacre were executed by hanging at Wadi el-Natrun prison on April 26, 2021.
# Russian landing ship Olenegorsky Gornyak

Olenegorsky Gornyak (Russian: Оленегорский горняк, 'Olenegorsk Miner'), formerly known as BDK-91, is a Project 775, Ropucha-class landing ship of the Russian Navy. Landing ships launch amphibious forces close to shore, and can dock and quickly unload cargo.

## History

On 4 August 2023, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the ship was reportedly damaged and listing by a joint effort of the Ukrainian SBU and the Ukrainian Navy using a sea drone at the naval base at the port of Novorossiysk. It was towed to port by the Russian Navy. The UK Ministry of Defence said on 5 August 2023 that the Olenegorsky Gornyak "almost certainly suffered serious damage", and the attack was "a significant blow" to the Russian Black Sea Fleet, which had relocated most of its units to Novorossiysk in response to the Ukrainian threat to its base in Sevastopol in Russian-occupied Crimea.
# Lonely Tree, Lonely Bird

Lonely Tree, Lonely Bird (Chinese: 樹枝孤鳥; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhiū-ki Ko͘-chiáu) is the first Taiwanese Hokkien studio album and fourth studio album overall by Taiwanese rock band Wu Bai & China Blue, released on January 12, 1998. Musically, the album incorporates a wide range of styles including jazz, folk, rock, electronica, and pop.
Lonely Tree, Lonely Bird was a great commercial success, selling over 600,000 copies in Taiwan, and is considered to be one of Wu Bai's most influential works. To support the album, Wu Bai embarked on the Air Alert (空襲警報) concert tour, which sold over 120,000 tickets.

## Background and recording

With the lifting of martial law in 1987 and further liberalization efforts in Taiwan in the early 1990s, the New Taiwanese Song movement gained prominence as many Taiwanese artists began singing in languages other than Mandarin, such as Hokkien, Hakka, or the aboriginal languages. However, by the mid-to-late 1990s, the movement began to subside due to the dominance of Mandopop.
Wu Bai himself was disappointed by the quality of Taiwanese Hokkien songs at this time, believing them to simply be Mandarin-based melodies sung in the Hokkien language. The creative inspiration for the album was based on a vision of what Taiwan's music scene would be like if the Kuomintang had not suppressed songs in the Hokkien language. This scenario inspired Wu Bai to blend the singing techniques of traditional Taiwanese song with modern genres such as rock or electronica.
Recording for the album took place in Wu Bai's rehearsal space in Tianmu, which was converted into a recording studio.

## Reception

Lonely Tree, Lonely Bird was a commercial success, selling over 600,000 copies. The album won the 10th Golden Melody Award for Album of the Year in 1999 and received nominations for Golden Melody Awards for Best Male Taiwanese Singer and Best Lyrics.
In 2009, the album was ranked number 5 on a list of "200 Best Taiwanese Popular Music Albums (1993-2005)".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Wu Bai

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1998) | Peak position |
| Taiwanese Albums (IFPI Taiwan) | 2 |
# 2012 Ljubljana Marshes hot air balloon crash

On 23 August 2012, a hot air balloon on a commercial sightseeing flight crashed in stormy weather on the Ljubljana Marsh in central Slovenia, killing 6 of the 32 people on board.

## Accident

On 23 August at 7:54 am CEST (05:54 UTC), a hot air balloon carrying 32 passengers, mostly tourists, crashed and caught fire during a thunderstorm on the Ljubljana Marsh, in the Municipality of Ig, 7 km (4 mi) south of Ljubljana. A sudden weather change caused the pilot to try to land immediately. However, the emergency landing was thwarted by wind shear and the balloon hit nearby trees. A fire then broke out.

## Aircraft

The balloon was a Lindstrand Balloons LBL 600C. It was the largest balloon in the country and the largest serially manufactured balloon in the world. The basket of the balloon was 5.20 meters (17.1 feet) long and 1.70 metres (5 feet 7 inches) wide, and had four compartments.

## Victims

Four people on board were immediately killed during the accident and 28 others were injured. The four dead at the scene were charred beyond recognition. All four were from Ljubljana: a couple, their 11-year-old daughter, and a 56-year-old woman. Ten people had to be resuscitated. All of the survivors, aged from about 10 to about 60 years, received medical care. Two of the injured people were British and another two were Italian citizens. Two of the injured later died: a woman who died two weeks after the accident in Ljubljana, and a 59-year-old man from Ljubljana who died a few days after in Maribor.

## Aftermath

On the same day at 7:00 pm, a mass for the dead and injured was held in St. Michael's Church on the Marshes in Črna Vas by Anton Jamnik, the auxiliary Bishop of Ljubljana. It was attended by about 400 people.
Slovene Civil Aviation Agency reported on 27 August 2012 that commercial hot air balloon flights were banned temporarily. The duration of the ban was not given, but the balloon crash was cited as the reason for the ban. Throughout the next year, all involved parties coordinated proposals for stricter rules, which were accepted, and new licenses were granted again starting in August 2013. In the meantime, several operators closed because they were prevented from selling flights, while the remaining ones faced severely reduced sales even after the ban was lifted.

## Investigation and trial

The investigation by the Slovenian Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission found that the main cause of the accident was the "improper technique used in operating balloon type LBL 600C in the landing phase." Contributory factors were "insufficient meteorological planning" and lack of consideration for the weather conditions at the time of the flight.
In a preliminary hearing, the pilot denied all these statements, pleading not guilty to the charge of causing general danger. The court trial began in November 2016. Two years later, the district court exonerated the defendant, based on an opinion of a foreign expert.
# Waldo Covered Bridge

The Waldo Covered Bridge, also known as the Riddle Mill Covered Bridge, is a privately owned wood & metal combination style covered bridge that spans Talladega Creek in Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It is located off State Route 77 just south of the town of Waldo, about 6 miles (9.7 kilometers) southeast of Talladega. Coordinates are 33°22′44.78″N 86°01′43.87″W﻿ / ﻿33.3791056°N 86.0288528°W﻿ / 33.3791056; -86.0288528 (33.379106, −86.028853).
Built in 1858, the 115-foot (35 m) bridge is a combination of Howe truss and Queen-post truss construction over a single span. Its WGCB number is 01-61-02. The Waldo Covered Bridge is currently eligible for addition to the National Register of Historic Places. It is the second oldest surviving covered bridge in the state, although it is also the only one not being maintained.

## History

The Waldo Covered Bridge was built on an old Socopatoy Indian trail behind Riddle's Mill, a grist mill which was later converted into the Waldo Town Hall and then a restaurant. Nearby is the Riddle's Hole gold mine, which operated from 1840 through World War II. The bridge was used as an access route in April 1865 by Wilson's Raiders during the American Civil War, a cavalry group led by Union Army General James H. Wilson. The bridge was open to traffic in later years, possibly for mine access during its operation, but condemned by the state in the 1960s and the approaches removed as overall maintenance remained minimal. Even though there was extensive restoration work done to the Waldo Covered Bridge in recent years as part of establishing a recreational park, the project was soon scrapped. As a result, the structure was left to sit on its two stone piers "as is." The Waldo Covered Bridge is currently inaccessible to the public but people can walk the grounds with permission from the Old Mill Restaurant. There were plans by the owners to once again restore the bridge, but time and money have been major issues. The restaurant closed and the property went up for sale. The restaurant is now open under new ownership.
# Walnut Street Bridge (Philadelphia)

Walnut Street Bridge, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, crosses the Schuylkill River between Center City and West Philadelphia. The bridge carries Walnut Street across the Schuylkill River.

## History

Walnut Street Bridge was built originally in 1893. After falling into a state of disrepair in the late 20th century, it was rebuilt in 1990. In 2012, the bridge was adjusted again to become a 3-lane bridge with 12-feet-wide (3.7m) foot paths, and a bike lane.
The original 1893 bridge was a 60-foot-wide (18 m) concrete structure with three steel Pratt trusses mounted on four heavy oblong concrete abutments and piers. It was demolished in 1988, but its piers were used for the 62-foot (19 m)-wide 1991 span.
# Abd'Elkader Farrah

Abd’Elkader Farrah (1926-2005) was a self-taught painter who later became a theatre designer of international standing. Farrah taught theatre design at Strasbourg (1955-1961) and, as guest, at the National Theatre School of Canada (1968–69). In over three decades as designer, Farrah worked with some thirty directors on more than 250 productions, including designs for plays, operas, ballets and musicals around the world. After his death in 2005, Tom Fleming of the Scotsman called him "the most complete man of the theatre it has been my privilege to know".

## Biography

Farrah was born in Ksar al-Boukhari, Algeria on 28 March 1926, the second of three sons born to Brahim Farrah and Fatima-Zohra Missoumi. He ran a touring theatre company with his brothers, which performed across Algeria until it was censored and forced to close in 1950. As the political security in Algeria deteriorated, Farrah moved to Paris. He worked as a theatre designer, and taught the subject at the invitation of Michel Saint Denis at the École d’Art Dramatique in Strasbourg in the 1950s. In 1955 Farrah was made head of the theatrical design course at the National Theatre School of Strasbourg. It was during this period that he married Simone Pieret, with whom he had two children, Safi and Leila.
In 1960, still working with Michel Saint Denis, Farrah designed Stravinsky’s Oedipus Rex at Sadler’s Wells, London. The production caught the attention of Peter Hall, who invited him to join the company he was in the process of setting up – the Royal Shakespeare Company. Farrah was closely associated with the Royal Shakespeare Company from that point onwards as Associate Designer, working with directors such as Peter Brook, Terry Hands and Clifford Williams. A number of other world-class designers joined Farrah at the RSC, with one such designer John Napier commenting that "Abdel’s the wisest of us all".
Farrah continued to work closely with the RSC until his departure in 1991, and between 1994 and 2000 was a visiting lecturer on the European Scenography Centre’s Masters programme at London’s Central Saint Martins. Farrah died on 18 December 2005.

## The Abd'Elkader Farrah Collection

The University of Oxford's APGRD maintains an Abd’Elkader Farrah collection dedicated to his designs and research undertaken for his Greek-inspired productions. Farrah was a close colleague of the APGRD from 2001 onwards, when he was invited to present an exhibition of his Greek projects. His work on Stravinsky’s Oedipus Rex in 1960 was the subject of an APGRD exhibition and Study Afternoon in 2015 marking the 10th anniversary of his death.
# Warren Bridge

The Warren Bridge connected downtown Boston, Massachusetts with Charlestown from its construction in the 1820s until its demolition in 1962. It was replaced by the Charles River Dam in 1978.
The Warren Bridge was requested in 1823 and chartered in 1828 by John Skinner and Isaac Warren, in response to the politically unpopular tolls on the 1786 Charles River Bridge. Its proprietors were authorized to collect tolls until they were reimbursed the cost of building the bridge and the other necessary expenses, with five per cent interest thereon, when the bridge was to revert to the Commonwealth. They were expressly limited from taking tolls for a longer period than six years.
The bridge opened for travel on December 25, 1828. It connected Beverly Street in the North End of Boston to the then-independent city of Charlestown at City Square. The Charles River Bridge also terminated at City Square, with the Boston side at Charlestown Street (now North Washington Street, the site of the current Charlestown Bridge). This prompted a lawsuit, in which Daniel Webster served as attorney for the Charles River Bridge proprietors, which eventually reached the United States Supreme Court as Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge.
The Commonwealth in 1833, assumed the control of the bridge, and tolls were received to its use until April, 1836, when the bridge was declared free. The Warren Bridge devolved to a state-owned, toll-free bridge on March 2, 1836. The receipts from tolls charged by the State on the Charles River Bridge and Warren Bridge, were sufficient to establish a fund of $850,000; and on the 1st December, 1843, the bridges were declared free, and so remained until June 1, 1854, when the income of the fund being found insufficient to sustain the bridges, and a large portion of the principal having been expended, tolls were again imposed on both bridges, to continue until a sufficient sum should be received to rebuild the Charles River Bridge, and repair the Warren Bridge, and to leave in the treasury of the Commonwealth a fund of $100,000 for the future maintenance and repair of the bridges. This was accomplished in 1858, and since April 30, 1858, both bridges were free.
# Orlando Ribeiro (footballer)

Orlando Ribeiro de Oliveira (born 9 January 1967), known as Orlando Ribeiro or just Orlando, is a Brazilian football coach and former player who played as a central defender. He is the current head coach of Corinthians' under-20 team.

## Playing career

Born in São Paulo, Orlando began his career with Juventus-SP's youth setup at the age of 11. After appearing with the first team, he played for Ituano before joining Série A side Atlético Mineiro in 1993.
Orlando returned to Ituano in 1994, and went on to play for clubs in his native state, such as Sãocarlense, Francana, União Barbarense, Santo André, Etti Jundiaí and São José-SP before retiring at the age of 37. With Barbarense, he won the 1998 Campeonato Paulista Série A2.

## Coaching career

Ribeiro joined São Paulo in 2010 as a technical evaluator, being named coach of the under-15s in the following year. He took over the under-17s in 2014, before replacing André Jardine at the helm of the under-20 squad on 21 March 2018.
Ribeiro was sacked by the Tricolor on 16 February 2021, and was named in charge of the under-17 team of Palmeiras on 22 July. He left the post the following 28 February, to take over the under-20 squad of Santos.
On 12 September 2022, Ribeiro was named interim coach of Santos' first team, replacing departing Lisca. Late in the month, he was kept as head coach until the end of the season.
Back to the under-20s for the 2023 season, Ribeiro was dismissed from Peixe on 29 September 2024. Eleven days later, he moved to Corinthians under the same role.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Atlético Mineiro | 1993 | Série A | 9 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| União Barbarense | 1998 | Paulista A2 | — | — | 24 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24 | 1 |
| Etti Jundiaí | 1999 | Paulista A2 | — | — | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| São José-SP | 2000 | Paulista A2 | — | — | 24 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24 | 1 |
| Santo André | 2001 | Paulista A2 | — | — | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 9 | 0 | 64 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 77 | 3 |
* ↑ Appearance(s) in Copa CONMEBOL
* ↑ Appearance(s) in Copa de Oro

## Coaching statistics

    As of 13 November 2022
Coaching record by team and tenure :
| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Ref |
| Team | Nat | From | To | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % | Ref |
| Santos (interim) | | 12 September 2022 | 13 November 2022 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 15 | 17 | −2 | 033.33 | |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 12 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 15 | 17 | −2 | 033.33 | — |

## Honours
### Player

Juventus-SP
* Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior: 1985
União Barbarense
* Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 1998

### Manager

São Paulo U20
* Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior: 2019
# Waterloo Covered Bridge

The Waterloo Covered Bridge carries Newmarket Road over the Warner River near the Waterloo Falls in Warner, New Hampshire. The Town lattice truss bridge was built in 1859–60, replacing an earlier span at the same location, and is one of New Hampshire's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and included in the Waterloo Historic District in 2003.

## Description and history

The Waterloo Covered Bridge is located in western Warner, spanning the Warner River in a roughly northeast–southwest orientation. The bridge is a single span with a span length of 76 feet 5 inches (23.29 m) and an overall length of 84 feet 5 inches (25.73 m). It rests on concrete foundations that were laid in 1970, during a major rehabilitation of the structure. The roadway is 13 feet 9 inches (4.19 m) wide (enough for a single lane of traffic), with a vertical clearance of 12 feet (3.7 m). The bridge is sheathed by vertical planking and topped by a corrugated metal gable roof. The planking does not quite reach the eave, leaving an open band just below the roof line, and each side has several square openings cut in it for additional lighting.
Newmarket Road was laid out by the town of Warner in 1839, suggesting a bridge was either built or already standing at this site at that time. The present bridge was likely built in 1860, when the town paid $473.65 for construction of the "Waterloo Bridge". The low price suggests that the abutments were probably repaired rather than rebuilt. The site of the bridge at the Waterloo Falls was adjacent to a number of industrial enterprises using the water power of the river and would have been an important feature of the village; all of these businesses failed and there are now only foundational remains.
# Waverly Bridge (Mississippi)

The Waverly Bridge near Waverly, Mississippi is a railway swinging bridge spanning between Lowndes County, Mississippi and Clay County, Mississippi. It brings the Columbus and Greenville Railway across the Tombigbee River.
It was built in 1914 by the Wisconsin Bridge and Iron Co. for the Columbus and Greenville Railway. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
It is a swinging through truss bridge.
# Wawona Covered Bridge

The Wawona Covered Bridge is a covered bridge spanning the South Fork Merced River near Wawona, California, in Yosemite National Park. The open bridge (without the covering) was built by Galen Clark, the steward of what was then called the Yosemite Grant, in 1868, without its cladding. The open bridge was a component of Clark's proposed new road from Wawona to the Yosemite Valley. Clark was unable to complete the road, which he sold to the Washburn Group of investors along with his stopover lodging (Clark's Station) in 1874. In mid-1875 the Washburn Group completed the road to Yosemite Valley. It is one of twelve remaining covered bridges in California.

## Covered bridge

The modified queen post truss was covered with Douglas fir cladding in 1878, enclosing the Ponderosa pine structure and its iron tie rods. The bridge served automobile traffic until 1937, when a new bridge was built about 200 metres (660 ft) to the southwest. The bridge was repaired by Civilian Conservation Corps labor the same year. In 1955 the bridge was damaged by flooding. Marked for replacement on account of the damage and its poor general condition, the bridge was instead reconstructed after National Park Service landscape architect Thomas Chalmers Vint intervened in its favor. Work was funded as part of the Park Service's Mission 66 program, using the bridge as the centerpiece of an interpretive exhibit on the history of the Wawona area. The Pioneer Yosemite History Center was established nearby. The bridge was repaired, with damaged elements replaced in kind. Since 1957 the bridge has had a number of repairs and replacements as materials have deteriorated.