OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jack Froese

Stanley Jack Froese is a Canadian politician who served as mayor of the Township of Langley, British Columbia, Canada from 2011 to 2022.

## Early life

Jack Froese attended Abbotsford Senior Secondary School, graduating in 1972. Froese moved to Langley in 1979, where he purchased a farm and operated a turkey farm called JD Farms Specialty Turkey. Froese also worked as a police officer in the Vancouver Police Department, retiring in 2004.

## Mayor of Langley

Jack Froese was first elected mayor in 2011, defeating incumbent mayor, Rick Green. Froese was then re-elected in 2014 and 2018, and is currently serving his third term as mayor. During 2012, Froese was awarded the Diamond Jubilee medal. On January 9, 2020, his wife, Debbie, passed away due to cancer at the age of 66.
Froese is currently serving as the Vice-Chair of the Mayors' Council on the Translink board. In July 2018, he voted to approve a Skytrain extension from King George Station in Surrey to Langley City. On October 2, 2019, he voted to replace the Massey Tunnel with a new, 8-lane tunnel.
During Froese's term as mayor, Froese spent $7.7 million on the expansion of the Langley Events Centre. He also pledged $27 million in funding for widening a stretch of the Trans-Canada Highway from Langley to Aldergrove, which was known for congestion and crashes.
On April 11, 2022, Froese announced that he would not seek re-election in that year's municipal election and his retirement from politics.
# Anthony Severin

Anthony B. Severin is a Saint Lucian diplomat. He currently serves as the High Commissioner for Saint Lucia in the United Kingdom. He previously served as the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Saint Lucia to the United Nations and the Caribbean community.
# List of Olympic venues in tennis

For the Summer Olympics, there are 15 venues that have been used for tennis. This counts separately the two different venues of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club at Wimbledon: The original Worple Road venue (now used by Wimbledon High School) was used for the 1908 Summer Olympics; the current Church Road venue, opened in 1922, was used for the 2012 Summer Olympics. (Each venue was also used that year for the Wimbledon Championships.)
| Games | Venue | Surface | Capacity | Ref. |
| 1896 Athens | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Neo Phaliron Velodrome | Clay | Not listed 7,000 | [2] [3][4] |
| 1900 Paris | Cercle de Puteaux | Clay | Not listed | |
| 1904 St. Louis | Francis Field | Clay | Not listed | |
| 1908 London | All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club | Grass | Not listed | |
| 1912 Stockholm | Östermalm Athletic Grounds | Clay | Not listed | |
| 1920 Antwerp | Beerschot Tennis Club | Grass | Not listed | |
| 1924 Paris | Stade de Tennis de Colombes | Clay | Not listed | |
| 1988 Seoul | Olympic Tennis Center | Hard | 15,000 (main court) 3,500 900 | |
| 1992 Barcelona | Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron | Clay | 8,000 (main court) | |
| 1996 Atlanta | Stone Mountain Tennis Center | Hard | 12,000 (main court) 27,500 (all courts) | |
| 2000 Sydney | NSW Tennis Centre | Hard | 10,000 (main court) | |
| 2004 Athens | Athens Olympic Tennis Centre | Hard | 8,600 (main court) 4,300 200 15,000 (all courts) | |
| 2008 Beijing | Olympic Green Tennis Center | Hard | 15,000 (main court) 10,000 4,000 2,000 200 32,400 (all courts) | |
| 2012 London | All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club | Grass | 14,979 (main court) 30,000 (all courts) | |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro | Olympic Tennis Centre | Hard | 10,000 (main court) 5,000 3,000 250 | |
| 2020 Tokyo | Ariake Tennis Park (Ariake Coliseum) | Hard | 10,000 (main court) 5,000 3,000 2,000 250 20,000 (all courts) | |
| 2024 Paris | Stade Roland Garros | Clay | 15,000 (main court) 10,000 5,000 2,000 250 34,000 (all courts) | |
| 2028 Los Angeles | Dignity Health Sports Park Tennis Stadium | Hard | 10,000 (main court) | |
| 2032 Brisbane | Queensland Tennis Centre | Hard | 5,500 (main court) 4,000 2,400 1,600 | |

## Gallery

* The Athens Olympic Tennis Centre hosted tennis matches for the 2004 Summer Olympics.
* Olympic Green Tennis Center venue of the 2008 Summer Olympics.
* The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club at Wimbledon venue of the 2012 Summer Olympics.
* Aerial view of the Olympic Tennis Centre, venue of the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics.
* Aerial view of the Ariake Tennis Park, venue of the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics.
* The Stade Roland Garros, venue of the Paris 2024 Summer Olympics.
# List of ambassadors of Samoa to the United States

The Samoan ambassador in New York City is the official representative of the Government in Apia to the Government of the United States and is Permanent Representative next the Headquarters of the United Nations.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agrément | Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | Prime Minister of Samoa | List of presidents of the United States |
| January 25, 1978 | February 15, 1978 | Maiava Iulai Toma | Tufuga Efi | Jimmy Carter |
| November 16, 1989 | December 18, 1989 | Tuaopepe Fili Wendt | Tofilau Eti Alesana | George H. W. Bush |
| May 3, 1993 | May 3, 1993 | Tuiloma Neroni Slade | Tofilau Eti Alesana | Bill Clinton |
| October 3, 2003 | December 4, 2003 | Ali'ioaiga Feturi Elisaia | Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi | George W. Bush |
| May 28, 2021 | June 3, 2021 | Fatumanava-o-Upolu III Dr. Pa'olelei Luteru | Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi | Joseph R. Biden Jr. |
40°45′00″N 73°58′18″W﻿ / ﻿40.750054°N 73.971623°W﻿ / 40.750054; -73.971623
* Samoa–United States relations
# SM U-45

SM U-45 was one of the 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I. U-45 was engaged in the naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic.
U-45 was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean northwest of the Shetland Islands (55°48′N 7°30′W﻿ / ﻿55.800°N 7.500°W﻿ / 55.800; -7.500) by the Royal Navy submarine HMS D7 on 12 September 1917 with the loss of 43 of her 45 crewmen.

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Name | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
| 27 April 1916 | Industry | United Kingdom | 4,044 | Sunk |
| 30 April 1916 | Vinifreda | Spain | 1,441 | Sunk |
| 2 May 1916 | Le Pilier | France | 2,427 | Sunk |
| 2 May 1916 | Maud | United Kingdom | 120 | Sunk |
| 5 July 1916 | Geertruida | Netherlands | 140 | Sunk |
| 28 September 1916 | Fuchsia | United Kingdom | 145 | Sunk |
| 21 January 1917 | Gladys | United Kingdom | 275 | Sunk |
| 21 January 1917 | Lucy | United Kingdom | 280 | Sunk |
| 21 January 1917 | Star of the Sea | United Kingdom | 197 | Sunk |
| 26 January 1917 | Tabasco | United Kingdom | 2,987 | Sunk |
| 2 February 1917 | Garnet Hill | Russian Empire | 2,272 | Sunk |
| 3 February 1917 | Belford | United Kingdom | 1,905 | Sunk |
| 3 February 1917 | Eavestone | United Kingdom | 1,858 | Sunk |
| 4 February 1917 | Eridania | Kingdom of Italy | 3,171 | Sunk |
| 4 February 1917 | Thor II | Norway | 2,144 | Sunk |
| 10 February 1917 | Ostrich | United Kingdom | 148 | Sunk |
| 28 April 1917 | Olga | Russian Empire | 1,672 | Sunk |
| 3 May 1917 | Palm Branch | United Kingdom | 3,891 | Damaged |
| 3 May 1917 | Truvor | Russian Empire | 2,462 | Sunk |
| 11 May 1917 | Hermes | Russian Empire | 3,579 | Sunk |
| 19 May 1917 | Elise | Denmark | 137 | Sunk |
| 1 July 1917 | Eclipse | United Kingdom | 185 | Sunk |
| 15 July 1917 | Mariston | United Kingdom | 2,908 | Sunk |
| 16 July 1917 | Ribston | United Kingdom | 3,372 | Sunk |
| 17 July 1917 | Haworth | United Kingdom | 4,456 | Sunk |
| 20 July 1917 | Nevisbrook | United Kingdom | 3,140 | Sunk |
| 21 July 1917 | Dafila | United Kingdom | 1,754 | Sunk |
| 24 July 1917 | Zateja | Russian Empire | 67 | Sunk |
# Jessica Gulli-Nance

Jessica Gulli-Nance (born 19 March 1988) is an Australian athlete specialising in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. She competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2015 World Championships in Beijing without qualifying for the final. Her personal bests are 53.22 seconds in the 400 metres (Melbourne 2015) and 57.30 seconds in the 400 metres hurdles (Melbourne 2014).
Having been plagued by injuries earlier in her career, in 2020 Nance was free from injuries and running her best times in five years. However, the postponement of the 2020 Olympics cost Nance as she had to wait an additional year to compete at the sport's highest level.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Australia ||||||
| 2005 | World Youth Championships | Marrakech, Morocco | 35th (h) | 100 m | 12.11 |
| 2005 | World Youth Championships | Marrakech, Morocco | 7th | 100 m hurdles (76.2 cm) | 13.85 |
| 2005 | World Youth Championships | Marrakech, Morocco | – | Medley relay | 2:06.58 |
| 2006 | World Junior Championships | Beijing, China | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DNF |
| 2014 | IAAF World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 1st (B) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:31.01 |
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 6th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:32.40 |
| 2015 | IAAF World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:30.03 |
| 2015 | World Championships | Beijing, China | 12th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:28.61 |
# Joe Robert Pemagbi

Joe Robert Pemagbi (born 22 November 1945 in Bo, British Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean diplomat. He has been the Sierra Leonean Ambassador to the United Nations since March 2003. He is also a graduate of Njala University college where he also was a long time staff member: Language department head from 1986 to 1995, Dean from 1988 to 1992, and associate professor from 1991 to 1995). He was also chairperson of the National Commission for Democracy and Human Rights from 1999 to March 2003. He is a member of the Mende ethnic group. During his time as the chairman of the NCDHR, he effortlessly continued lecturing at his Alma Mata. He is still one of Sierra Leone's most renowned linguists. He hols an MPhil in Linguistics from Leeds University.
# Darja Bavdaž Kuret

Darja Bavdaž Kuret (born 1956) is a Slovenian diplomat, social scientist and women's rights advocate. Following several ambassadorial posts since 1995, she was appointed Permanent Representative of Slovenia to the United Nations in August 2017. Bavdaž Kuret is a keen supporter of equal rights for women. As of September 2023, Bavdaž Kuret is serving as Slovenia's Ambassador to Russia.
Born in Slovenia in 1956, Darja Bavdaž Kuret graduated with a degree in political science and international relations from the University of Ljubljana. From 1995 to 1999, she was appointed Ambassador to Israel, including accreditation for the Palestinian Authority. She then headed the Department for Analysis and Planning at the Slovenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs before serving as Ambassador to Sweden, Finland, Estonia and Latvia (2002–2006). From 2006 to 2008, she was Secretary-General of the Bled Strategic Forum organized by the Slovenian Foreign Ministry and the Centre for European Perspective. In 2008, during Slovenia's presidency of the European Union, she served as Chair of the Capitals Working Group on Russia, Ukraine, Central Asia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, and Belarus.
From 2009 to 2013, Bavdaž Kuret was Ambassador to Hungary before serving as Ambassador to India (2013–2015, including accreditation for Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka (2014–2015)). She then returned to Slovenia where she was State Secretary from 2015 to 2017. In August 2017, she was appointed Permanent Representative of Slovenia to the UN General Assembly in New York. Bavdaž Kuret completed her post as Permanent Representative at the United Nations in June 2021. In September 2021 she was appointed Special Advisor to the Office of Abdulla Shahid, President of the 76th UN General Assembly.
# Jane Waetara

Jane Waetara (born 1962) is a diplomat and government official in the Solomon Islands. She became Permanent Representative of the Solomon Islands to the United Nations on 16 June 2022 and also serves as the Solomon Islands' Ambassador to the United States and High Commissioner to Canada.

## Biography

Jane Mugafalu Kabui Waetara was born in 1962 and raised in Manakwai in North Malaita. She completed a Bachelor of Arts in management and economics from the University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji and a Master's in business studies from Massey University, New Zealand.
She has previously held the positions of Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of Planning and Aid Coordination, and interim chief executive officer for the Solomon Island Ports Authority. In 2020, she was appointed Chief Electoral Officer of the Solomon Islands Electoral Commission Office (SIEO) and was the first woman in that role. She resigned in April 2022.
# Friedrich Niggol

Friedrich Niggol (5 January 1900 in Dorpat, Kreis Dorpat, Governorate of Livonia – 27 May 1942 in Tallinn, Reichskommissariat Ostland) was an Estonian lawyer and politician.

## Biography

Niggol took part in the Estonian War of Independence. In 1923, he graduated from the Faculty of Law at the University of Tartu. He worked as a forensic examiner in Tallinn in 1926–1930. In 1930–1932 Niggol worked as a lawyer at Viljandi-Pärnu Circuit Court. In 1932–1934, he was Deputy Chief Justice of the Rakvere-Paide Circuit Court, and in December 1934–1938 he was Deputy Chief Justice of the Tartu Circuit Court. Niggol then worked as a justice at the Tallinn Court of Appeal from 1938.
On 5 July 1940, Niggol replaced Boris Sepp as Minister of Justice in Johannes Vares' cabinet after the occupation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union. He held this position until the cabinet was replaced by the Council of People's Commissars of the Estonian SSR on 25 August 1940. Niggol was then appointed as a justice of the Supreme Court of the Estonian SSR in January–April 1941.
When Nazi Germany occupied Estonia in July 1941, Niggol remained in the country. He was arrested by the Germans and died of tuberculosis in Tallinn Central Prison in May 1942.
# Sabadell bombing

A car bombing was carried out by the armed Basque separatist group ETA in Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain on 8 December 1990.
The target was a convoy carrying eight members of the National Police force on the way to police a football game between Sabadell and Málaga CF. Six of the police officers were killed, with the other two injured. Eight civilians were also injured in the attack, which was ETA's deadliest of 1990.

## Background

In the early 1990s, ETA had stepped up its attacks in Catalonia in an attempt to gain worldwide publicity and secure political concessions by threatening disruption to the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Police had obtained documents revealing these plans in the week before the attack.
Two weeks earlier, on 23 November, ETA had attacked the Guardia Civil barracks in Sant Carles de la Ràpita in Catalonia, though no one had been injured.

## Attack

At approximately 1345 on the day of the attack, ETA placed the car bomb on the junction of Josep Aparici and Ribot i Serra streets, where vehicles would normally have to slow down to pass. The car bomb, located some 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the main police station, was detonated remotely from the nearby Gran Via, the main thoroughfare in the town, from which there was easy access to the A7 motorway, allowing the perpetrators to escape. The bomb caused a large explosion, mostly destroying the second of the two vehicles of the police convoy and caused extensive damage to nearby buildings, with shrapnel found up to 400 metres (1,300 ft) away. Five of the eight police officers in that vehicle were killed instantly, with a sixth dying shortly afterwards. The other two policemen were seriously injured. A further eight passersby also sustained injuries in the attack.

## Bombers

Police sources attributed the attack to ETA's Barcelona Commando Unit. They immediately identified Joan Carles Monteagudo and Juan Félix Erezuma, the two suspected leaders of the cell, as participants in the attack. On 30 May 1991, the day after a bomb attack in Vic had killed nine people, Monteagudo and Erezuma were killed in a gunfight with Civil Guard in Lliçà d'Amunt, near Barcelona.
# Krzyżówka, Gniezno County

Krzyżówka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witkowo, within Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Witkowo, 12 km (7 mi) east of Gniezno, and 59 km (37 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Burgdorf (district)

The Burgdorf District is a former district (Landkreis) in Germany. It existed from 1885 to 1974, when it was absorbed in the Hanover District and subsequently in the Hanover Region. Its area corresponds roughly to the present day municipalities of Wedemark, Isernhagen, Burgwedel, Burgdorf, Uetze, Lehrte and Sehnde.

## Geography

The district comprised the localities of the present day cities
* Burgdorf,
* Burgwedel,
* Lehrte (without Hämelerwald),
* Sehnde (without the villages Bolzum, Müllingen, Wassel, Wehmingen and Wirringen)
and the present-day municipalities
* Isernhagen,
* Uetze (without the villages Dedenhausen and Eltze),
* Wedemark
as well as Oelerse (today part of Edemissen), Harber (today part of Hohenhameln), Landwehr and Röhrse (today part of Peine) as well as Isernhagen-Süd (today part of Hannover).
# Martin Stenersen

Martin Stenersen (20 November 1879 – 15 April 1968) was a Norwegian shooter who competed in the early 20th century in rifle shooting.
He was born in Vestby. At the 1924 Summer Olympics he finished nineteenth in the trap event and seventh in the team clay pigeons event.
He died in 1968 in Riverside, California.
# Yves Debay

Yves Debay (24 December 1954 – 17 January 2013), was a veteran French-Belgian war correspondent, who founded and reported for the French-language magazines Raids and later Assaut ("Assault"), which is published out of Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris, France. He was the first Belgian journalist to be killed in Syria.

## Personal

Yves Debay was born in Élisabethville, Belgian Congo (later Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo). He first enlisted in the Belgian army in 1975 and later was a tank commander before turning to mercenary activities. In 1987, he became a French citizen.

## Career

Yves Debay was a former soldier who later became a journalist specialising in military issues for war enthusiasts. In the late 1970s, Debay served in the Rhodesian Armoured Car Regiment during the Rhodesian Bush War, 44 Parachute Brigade in the South African army during the South African Border War and later had a career as a journalist writing for Gazette des Armes. Debay was one of the founders of Raids in 1986 and worked for the French-language magazine for over 20 years covering military and war issues. In 2005, he founded his own military magazine called Assaut, for which he served as publisher, editor and journalist. As a war correspondent, he covered wars in Afghanistan, both Iraq wars, Lebanon, the Balkans, Libya and Syria.

## Death

Little is known about the circumstances in which Debay was killed. An anonymous source, described in the media as an activist, told the French news agency Agence France-Presse (AFP), ".. it seems like he entered a very dangerous street where the army and pro-regime militia were positioned" before he was killed by a sniper. The source claimed to have deposited his body in Bab al-Salama, a border checkpoint for Northern Syria and Turkey.

## Impact

Yves Debay and Marie Colvin were among the most experienced war correspondents who were killed while covering the Syrian civil war.

## Reactions

While a hostage situation was ongoing in Algiers after France's intervention in Mali, French President François Hollande issued an official statement condemning Debay's killing.

## Writings

* Wildcat, Carnets de guerre d'un journaliste rebelle (2004).
# 2012 murder on the Syrian-Turkish border

The 2012 murder on the Syrian-Turkish border is about two European-Algerian freelance journalists, Naseem Intriri and Walid Bledi, who were making a documentary about refugees and the Syrian civil war when they were killed during an attack on the Syrian border town of Darkush, Idlib Governorate, near the Turkish border. The Ba'athist Syrian government called them "infiltrators."

## Personal history

Naseem Intriri, sometimes transliterated as Nasim Entriri, was an Algerian/French citizen. Walid Bledi was an Algerian/British citizen.

## Incident

From inside Syria, a citizen journalist Musaab al Arabi reported two independent journalists were killed while attempting to reach the town of Darkush with a group of 50 others. This was confirmed by other reports from inside Syria. The two were covering the refugees who were fleeing. The house they were staying in was attacked by the Shabiha militia who are backing the government of President Bashar al-Assad. The journalists fled the scene when the shooting began, but soon returned to pick up equipment left behind. When they returned they were shot to death. One was shot in the head, and the other in the chest. A third and unidentified journalist was also shot at the scene. A conflicting report claimed the two journalists were killed as they were passing through the border into Turkey. The third journalist was taken to Antakya, Syria for medical treatment.

## Context

The two freelance journalists were filming a documentary about Syrians fleeing to Turkey to escape the violence of the Syrian civil war. At the time, the civil war caused over 200,000 Syrian citizens to be internally displaced, 30,000 to take refuge in another country, and 8,000 people killed. The Committee to Protect Journalists calls Syria "the most dangerous place for journalists" from 2011-2012.

## Impact

After the news, the CPJ reported that "a human rights defender and diplomatic sources" had raised questions about the press credentials of the two. Preliminary sources claim that they saw the men working as journalists with cameras, note-taking, etc. The CPJ's follow-up research raised this question but continued to investigate the situation as a "journalism related death."

## Reactions

A spokesperson for the Committee to Protect Journalists said, "Their deaths are yet another illustration of the grave dangers that journalists face in reporting a conflict that the Syrian government has sought to hide from the world."
Irina Bokova, director-general of UNESCO, said, "The murders of Naseem Intriri, Walid Bledi ... highlight the terrible and unacceptable price being paid by journalists trying to carry out their professional duties in Syria. I call on the Syrian authorities to launch an inquiry into these crimes and bring their perpetrators to trial. I am deeply concerned by the number of journalists killed in the country since the start of the conflict. Media professionals must be able to carry out their work without fearing for their lives. Freedom of expression is a basic human right and the corner stone of democracy."