OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mazda R360

The Mazda R360 is a kei car manufactured and marketed by Mazda as the company's first passenger car — a two-door, four-seat coupé. Introduced in May 1960, the R360 featured a 1,760 mm (69.3 in) wheelbase, weighed 380 kg (838 lb) and was powered by a rear-mounted air-cooled 356 cc V-twin engine producing 16 PS (12 kW) and 2.2 kg⋅m (21.6 N⋅m; 15.9 lb⋅ft) of torque. The car was capable of 84 km/h (52 mph) and featured a 4-speed manual or two-speed automatic transmission. The suspension, front and rear, was rubber "springs" and torsion bars.

## History

The R360 was built with the goal of being extremely light weight, as well as low cost. To achieve the weight goal, it was a 2+2 design, with a rear seat not suitable for adults, while the engine was made from aluminium and the chassis also used aluminium and even magnesium alloys. The weight was kept low, only 380 kg (838 lb). The use of acrylics rather than glass for the curved rear windshield and the sliding side glass further reduced weight and cost.
The R360 was an immediate success, thanks to its low price, but sales soon dropped. The four-seat Subaru 360 captured much of the lightweight (kei car) market, which led Mazda to augment the R360 by the four-seater Mazda Carol (P360) two-door sedan in 1962. The R360 sold 23,417 examples in its first year, with total cumulative production amounting to 65,737 examples. Full production of the R360 lasted for six years (until 1966), but the automatic version remained available to disabled drivers as a special order until 1969.

## Specification

There were two variants of the Mazda R360, officially known as KRBB and KRBC. The KRBB came with a 4-speed manual transmission, whereas the KRBC was equipped with a 2-speed "TORQ DRIVE" automatic transmission.
* Rear view
* Mazda R360 "TORQ DRIVE" emblem
* The V-twin engine from an R360 Coupé

### Mazda R360, performance and specifications

| Maximum Speed | Minimum Turning Radius | Fuel Consumption (with 2 passengers) | Braking Distance |
| 95km/h (85km/h) | 4.0m | 32km/L (25km/L) | 13m(50km/h) |
| Type | Bore x Stroke | Displacement | Compression Ratio | Maximum Power | Maximum Torque |
| Forced Air-cooled,2-Cylinder,4-Cycle,90degree V | 60 x 63mm | 356 cc | 8.0 | 16 PS (12 kW) at 5,300 rpm | 2.2 kg⋅m (21.6 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm |

### Colours

The standard Mazda R360 came in three different exterior colours; Opal Green, Maroon Rouge, and Somerset Blue. The Mazda R360 DeLuxe came in two different two-tone variants: Blue and Cream or Red and Cream.
For the interior of the Mazda R360, the official colour choices were Red or Blue. These colour options were applied to the seats, carpet, and inner door panels.

## B360 Pickup

The B360 was a pickup truck bodystyle based on parts of the R360 Coupé. It used the same 356 cc engine, but in a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout. Like most pickups, it used a rigid rear axle and leaf spring suspension. The engine was replaced with the Carol's 358 cc I4 in 1964, and the B360 was replaced by the Mazda E360 in 1967.
A larger B600 pickup was introduced for the export market. It used a 577 cc version of the Mazda V-twin.
# Vavul Mala

Vavul Mala is a peak in the Western Ghats in the Vellarimala range of Kerala, India. It is situated at the trijunction of the districts of Malappuram, Kozhikode, and Wayanad in Kerala. Vavulmala resembles a "Camel Hump". Situated at a height of 2,339m, it is the highest peak in the Western Ghats northwards beyond the Nilgiris and also the highest point of Kozhikode district. These compact hills are floristically similar to Nilgiri hills.
The first volume of William Logan's 1887 publication Malabar Manual (the work was later followed up by the Malabar Gazetteer of 1908) refers the 7,677-foot high Vavul Mala as a landmark conspicuous far out to the Arabian Sea.
Vellarimala range is situated in the borders of Malappuram, Kozhikode and Wayanad. It is a high landscape known as "Camel Hump Mountains". It is separated from Nilgiri hills by Deccan plateau and Chaliyar river valley. It is one of the toughest treks in South India.
# Deadwood Creek

Deadwood Creek is a stream in the Sawtooth National Forest in Camas County, Idaho in the United States. It is a tributary of the South Fork Boise River, which in turn is a tributary to the Snake River and Columbia River.
Deadwood Creek originates in the Soldier Mountains, then flows north to the South Fork of the Boise River. Trails 054 and 091 follow Deadwood Creek for much of its length, although there is no bridge at the stream's mouth to cross the South Fork of the Boise River to reach forest road 227.
Heart Lake is a small alpine lake found in the uppermost reaches of the Deadwood Creek watershed. Deadwood Creek drains the northern slopes of Iron Mountain as well as Lower and Upper Deadwood Lakes.
# Donald B. Easum

Donald Boyd Easum (August 27, 1923 – April 16, 2016) was an American diplomat.

## Foreign service

Easum spent 27 years in the United States Foreign Service at posts in Nicaragua, Indonesia, Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Upper Volta (Ambassador, 1971–74) and Nigeria (Ambassador, 1975–79). During the Nixon/Ford Administration, Easum served as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs. Earlier State Department assignments included Executive Secretary of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Staff Director of the United States National Security Council's Interdepartmental Group for Latin America. Easum was also president of the Africa-America Institute from 1980 to 1988.
In 2004, Easum was among 27 retired diplomats and military commanders called who publicly said the administration of President George W. Bush did not understand the world and was unable to handle "in either style or substance" the responsibilities of global leadership. On June 16, 2004 the Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change issued a statement against the Iraq War.

## Background and education

Easum was born in Culver, Union Township, Marshall County, Indiana, the son of Chester Verne Easum and Norma Moore Brown. He grew up in Madison, Wisconsin because his father taught at the University of Wisconsin. During World War II, Easum served in the United States Army Air Forces in the Pacific. Easum was Senior Fellow at Yale University's Stimson Seminar from 1998 to 2004 and taught at Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He lectured widely in the United States, Europe and Africa on U.S.-African relations. Easum attended The Hotchkiss School, and held a B.A. degree (Phi Beta Kappa) from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Easum also received his M.P.A. degree, in 1950, and his Ph.D. degree, in 1953, from Princeton University. He also studied at the University of London on a Fulbright scholarship and in Buenos Aires on a Doherty Foundation grant and a Penfield fellowship. He was a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy and Council on Foreign Relations. Easum lived in New York City.

## Writings

* La Prensa and the Freedom of the Press in Argentina, 1951
* "United States Policy Toward South Africa," Chapter 12 in Race and Politics in South Africa, edited by Ian Robertson and Philip Whitten, Transaction, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, 1978
* The call for black studies, (U.S. Foreign Service Institute. Senior Seminar in Foreign Policy. Case study)
# Gülsim Ali

Gülsim İlhan Ali (born Ruse, 18 February 1995) is a Turkish television actress and model. She is best known for many historical roles such as Aslıhan Hatun in Diriliş: Ertuğrul and family comedies Gönül Dağı, Hanım Köylü.

## Life and career

Her parents are from the Turkish minority in Bulgaria. Ali is fluent in Turkish, Bulgarian, English and Japanese.
In 2009, she won the contest named 'Super Model Ford Models Bulgaria', in the same year she delineated Bulgaria in 'Ford Models of the World' beauty contest in Brazil.
She started her acting in 2012 by starring in the historical series Balkanlar 1912 alongside Hazal Kaya, Furkan Palalı. She played in crime series "Son Çıkış" with Dolunay Soysert, Furkan Palalı. She played in mini historical series Seddülbahir 32 Saat alongside Dolunay Soysert, İbrahim Çelikkol, Uğur Güneş.
She was one of the leading actresses in the family comedy series Hanım Köylü, in which she depicted the character of İlkgün, along with the actor Yusuf Çim.
Ali joined as the role of Aslıhan Hatun, the youngest daughter of Candar Bey, in the 2014 Turkish historical series Diriliş: Ertuğrul alongside Uğur Güneş. In 2019, she depicted the character of Ayşegül in the series Yüzleşme. In the same year, she joined in the historical drama series Payitaht: Abdülhamid as Gülcemal.
In 2020, she had a leading role in the popular family comedy series Gönül Dağı and depicted the character of Dilek. She had leading role in military series "Al Sancak" alongside Uğur Güneş for third time.

## Filmography

Web Series :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2016 | Seddülbahir 32 Saat | Zeliha | Leading role |
| TV Series ||||
| Year | Title | Role | Episode | Notes |
| 2012 | Son Yaz: Balkanlar 1912 | Ayşe | 1–4 | Supporting role |
| 2015 | Son Çıkış | Ege | 7–12 | Supporting role |
| 2016 | Hanım Köylü | İlkgün | 1–13 | Leading role |
| 2016–2018 | Diriliş: Ertuğrul | Aslıhan Hatun | 62–113 | Supporting role |
| 2019 | Yüzleşme | Ayşegül | 1–4 | Supporting role |
| 2019–2020 | Payitaht: Abdülhamid | Gülcemal | 89–102 | Supporting role |
| 2020–2022 | Gönül Dağı | Dilek | 1–65 | Leading role |
| 2023 | Al Sancak | Nadia Ivanov/Sıla Korkmaz | 1–19 | Leading role |
| Film ||||
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2022 | Kurtuluş Hattı | Hilal | Leading role |
# List of Argentine films of 1973

A list of films produced in Argentina in 1973:
Argentine films of 1973 :
| Title | Director | Release | Genre |
| A - E ||||
| Adiós Alejandra | Carlos Rinaldi | 19 April | |
| Allá en el norte | Julio Saraceni | 19 April | |
| Andrea | Carlos Rinaldi | 4 October | |
| Argentinísima II | Fernando Ayala and Héctor Olivera | 21 June | |
| Las Aventuras de Hijitus | Manuel García Ferré | 12 September | Animated |
| Los caballeros de la cama redonda | Gerardo Sofovich | 22 March | |
| El cabo Tijereta | Jorge Mobaied | 18 October | |
| La casa del amor | Aldo Brunelli Ventura | 27 September | |
| El deseo de vivir | Julio Saraceni | 5 April | |
| Los Doctores las prefieren desnudas | Gerardo Sofovich | 13 September | |
| Este loco... loco Buenos Aires | Fernando Siro | | |
| F - J ||||
| Furia infernal | Armando Bó | 30 August | |
| Hasta que se ponga el sol | Aníbal E. Uset | 8 February | |
| Hipólito y Evita | Orestes A. Trucco | 30 August | |
| ¡Hola Señor León! | Mario Sábato | 6 September | |
| La hora de los hornos | Fernando Solanas | 1 November | |
| Hoy le toca a mi mujer | Enrique Carreras | 6 September | |
| Informes y testimonios | Diego Eijo (h), Eduardo Giorello, Ricardo Moretti, Alfredo O. Oroz, Carlos Vallina and Silvia Vega | 29 August | |
| José María y María José (Una pareja de hoy) | Rodolfo Costamagna | 9 August | |
| Juan Moreira | Leonardo Favio | 24 May | |
| Juegos de verano | Juan Antonio Serna | 18 April | |
| K - Q ||||
| Luces de mis zapatos | Luis Puenzo | 19 July | |
| La malavida | Hugo Fregonese | 28 June | |
| Me gusta esa chica | Enrique Carreras | 29 March | |
| El Mundo que inventamos | Fernando Siro | 22 February | |
| Operación Masacre | Jorge Cedrón | 27 September | |
| Los padrinos | Enrique Carreras | 5 July | |
| Paño verde | Mario David | 1 March | |
| La piel del amor | Mario David | 26 July | |
| Poker de amantes para tres | Carlos Dimitriadis | 19 July | |
| ¡Quiero besarlo Señor! | Hugo Moser | 2 August | |
| R - Z ||||
| La revolución | Raúl de la Torre | 26 April | |
| Los siete locos | Leopoldo Torre Nilsson | 3 May | |
| Siempre fuimos compañeros | Fernando Siro | 7 June | |
| Si se calla el cantor | Enrique Dawi | 15 March | |
| Tercer mundo | Ángel Acciaresi | 2 August | |
| Titanes en el ring | Leo Fleider | 4 January | |
| Vení conmigo | Luis Saslavsky | 8 November | |
| Las venganzas de Beto Sánchez | Héctor Olivera | 23 August | |
| Venus perseguida | Aldo Brunelli Ventura | 2 April | |
| Yo gané el prode... y Ud.? | Emilio Vieyra | 28 June | |

## External links and references

* Argentine films of 1973 at the Internet Movie Database
# V. R. Raghavan

Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Vasantha R. Raghavan is an Indian security consultant and former military general. He served in the Indian Army for 37 years, retiring as the director general of military operations in 1994. After retiring from the army, he has written several books and is currently the director of the Delhi Policy Group and president of the Centre for Security Analysis in Chennai.

## Military career

Raghavan was commissioned in the Punjab Regiment in 1957. He graduated in 1968 from the Royal Military College of Science and the Army Staff College in the UK. He was the commanding general in the Siachen and Kargil sectors during some of the intense combat actions in the area. He was closely involved in the formulation of the Sino-Indian accord on maintaining peace on the borders and in the series of negotiations with Pakistan on the Siachen dispute. As director general of military operations, he was closely involved in strategic planning and field force management of the army. He was awarded the PVSM, UYSM, and AVSM honours by the Government of India.

## Later activities and security advocacy

Raghavan was a member of the independent Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission, set up at the initiative of the Swedish Government and headed by Hans Blix. The Commission released a report, entitled "Weapons of Terror: Freeing the World of Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Arms" in 2006, which proposed that nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons be outlawed and discussed the options for achieving this goal.
He was also a member of the Indian Government's Review Committee for the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, which had been opposed in Manipur and other parts of North-East India. Although the government has not published the committee's 2005 report, it was reported that the panel recommended that the act be repealed. Raghavan has argued that security should be viewed in terms of human security in societal, environmental, economic, and political terms, instead of the narrow military perspective.

## Publications

Raghavan has written four books since retiring from military service:
* By the Land and Sea: A History of the Punjab Regiment
* India’s Need for Strategic Balance
* Infantry in India
* Siachen: Conflict Without End
He has also edited several books:
* Internal Conflicts in Myanmar
* Nuclear Disarmament - India-EU Perspective
* Internal Conflicts in Nepal- Transnational Consequences
* The Naxal Threat: Causes, State Responses and Consequence
* Conflict in Sri Lanka: Internal and External Consequences
* Conflicts in the Northeast: Internal and External Effects (jointly edited with Sanjoy Hazarika)
* Jammu and Kashmir - Impact on Polity, Society and Economy
* Post Conflict Sri Lanka - Rebuilding of Society
He has also edited more than a dozen other books and written numerous articles on strategic issues relating to India's security.
# Janus Island

Janus Island is a rocky island 370 m (0.2 nmi) long, lying 1 km (0.5 nmi) south of Litchfield Island, off the southwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago. Janus Island is the southernmost of the islands on the west side of the entrance to Arthur Harbor. Janus Island was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-names Committee (UK-APC) following a survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955. The name Janus Island, for the ancient Roman deity Janus who was guardian of gates, arose because of the position of the island at the entrance to Arthur Harbor.
# Dearborn River

The Dearborn River is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 70 mi (113 km) long, in central Montana in the United States. It rises in the Lewis and Clark National Forest, near Scapegoat Mountain in the Lewis and Clark Range of the Rocky Mountains at the continental divide, in western Lewis and Clark County. It flows generally southeast through secluded canyons, and joins the Missouri near Craig.
It is crossed by the Dearborn River High Bridge, which was constructed in 1897.
It is a popular destination for whitewater rafting and fly fishing. Whirling disease has become a significant problem among trout in the river.
The Dearborn is a Class I river for stream access for recreational purposes from the highway 431 bridge to its confluence with the Missouri river.
# Norwegian Independent Company 1

Norwegian Independent Company 1 (NOR.I.C.1, pronounced Norisén (approx. "noor-ee-sehn") in Norwegian) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) group formed in March 1941 originally for the purpose of performing commando raids during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. Organized under the leadership of Captain Martin Linge, it soon became a pool of talent for a variety of special operations in Norway.

## History

The original English-language administrative title did not have much resonance in Norwegian and they soon became better known as Kompani Linge (Linge's Company). Martin Linge's death early in the war came to enhance the title, which became formalised as Lingekompaniet in his honour.
The members of the unit were trained at various locations in the United Kingdom, including at the SOE establishment at Drumintoul Lodge in the Cairngorms, Scotland.
Their initial raids in 1941 were to Lofoten (Operation Claymore) and Måløy (Operation Archery), where Martin Linge was killed. Their best known raids were probably the Norwegian heavy water sabotage. Other raids included the Thamshavnbanen sabotage. In the capital area, the Oslogjengen carried out several sabotage missions. In cooperation with Milorg, the main Norwegian resistance organisation, communication lines with London were gradually improved during the war, so that by 1945, 64 radio operators were spread throughout Norway.
According to Mitt liv, the autobiography of Max Manus (1995. N.W. Damm), the Linge Company was for a time counted amongst the most decorated military forces in the United Kingdom during World War II. The veterans from the company were also amongst the first to welcome King Haakon home. A total of 530 Norwegians served in NOR.I.C.1, of whom 57 died.

## Operation Seagull agents

* Cpl. Sverre Granlund - had also served as a commando during Operation Musketoon
* Sgt. Thorlief Daniel Grong
* Lt. Per Getz
* Pte. Eivind Dahl Eriksen
* Pte. Hans Rohde Hansen
* Tobias Skog

## Telavåg agents

* Emil Gustav Hvaal (codename Anchor)
* Arne Vaerum (codename Penguin)
# Justin Tan

Justin Tan (born 19 March 1997) is an Australian chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 2018, becoming the 8th Australian to achieve the title. He was formerly British Blitz Champion and was British Under-21 Champion twice (2016 and 2018).

## Chess career

Tan learned to play chess at the age of seven. As a junior, he represented Australia at four World Youth Chess Championships (Vietnam 2008, Under-12), (Turkey 2009, U-16), (Brazil 2011, Under-14), (Greece 2015, Under-18) and twice at the World Youth Chess Olympiad in Turkey (2012) and China (2013).
Tan moved to England in 2013 to study under a chess scholarship at Woodbridge School, Suffolk. He became an International Master in 2015 after gaining his final International Master norm at the Bunratty Classic, Ireland.
In 2015, Tan achieved his first Grandmaster norm at the Colin Crouch Memorial Congress at Harrow, London. At the 2015 Under-18 World Youth Chess Championships in Greece, Tan tied for fourth place, after defeating GM Kirill Alekseenko.
In 2016, Tan tied for third place with GM Gawain Jones and also became British Under-21 Champion at the 103rd British Chess Championship at Bournemouth, gaining his second GM norm in the process. In the same year, Tan was joint winner with GM Luke McShane at the DeMontford Bell Kings Place Rapidplay.
In 2018, Tan won the Paracin Open in Serbia, securing his final GM norm and the Grandmaster title. He became British Blitz Champion in 2019 after winning the UK Open Blitz Championship.
In 2021, Tan won the O2C Doeberl Cup in Canberra, Australia, with a score of 7.5/9. In 2022, he won the inaugural Chessemy Open in Reinstorf, Germany, in a field of over 160 players.
Tan represented Australia on Board 4 at the 44th Chess Olympiad in Chennai scoring 5/8.
Tan plays in the top division of the UK 4NCL for Wood Green and has previously played in the Dutch and the Icelandic leagues for BSG and Taflfélag Garðabæjar respectively.
Since 2018, Tan has been a monthly author for Chess Publishing.

## Books

* Tan, Justin (2021). 1.e4! The Chess Bible – Volume 1 – A Complete Repertoire for White . Thinkers Publishing. ISBN 9789464201123

## Biography

Tan was born and grew up in Cardiff, South Wales, United Kingdom, until the age of seven, when his family moved to Melbourne, Australia. He is a dual Australian and British citizen.
Until 2013, Tan was an elite national gymnast and a member of the Australian national artistic gymnastics squad. He was the Australian Under-16 national individual apparatus champion on pommel horse in 2012.
Tan graduated in law with honours from the University of Edinburgh and is an Erasmus alumnus of Utrecht University.
# Pageview, Johannesburg

Pageview is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. Populated by non-whites, predominantly Indians, until the 1970s, it was one of two adjacent suburbs (Pageview, and the portion of Vrededorp south of 11th Street populated by non-whites) commonly known as Fietas.

## History

In 1894, the land that would eventually become Pageview, was allocated by the South African Republic for Cape Coloureds (including Malays) and it became populated by Cape Malays. It was known as the Malay Camp (later Malay Location) with 279 stands. Coloureds had managed to obtain some concessions from the Boer government of Paul Kruger, possibly because they shared the Afrikaans language. Indians lived in the Coolie location, a slum west of the city, that was burned for sanitary reasons after an outbreak of bubonic plague in 1904. Most of the displaced Indians moved into the Malay Location, and by the 1940s it was mostly inhabited by Indian South Africans. On 27 January 1942, the Malay Location Standholders and Traders Association requested the name of the township be changed to Pageview after Johannesburg Mayor J.J Page. The town was renamed on 23 February 1943 and the council asked the government to give the Indian land owners ownership of their land. In 1948, the National Party won the election and would soon introduce Apartheid. The area would be declared a white area which meant the eviction of all non-white residents, with black residents going to Soweto and Indian residents to Lenasia with evictions continuing from 1964 to 1970. Many homes were bulldozed, and housing for white people was built on some of the land, with large parts remaining undeveloped. This heritage is now commemorated at the Fietas Museum.
The Oriental Plaza, a shopping centre, was built by the Johannesburg City Council to compensate the traders who lost the shops during the forced removals.