OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Secular music

Non-religious secular music and sacred music were the two main genres of Western music during the Middle Ages and Renaissance era. The oldest written examples of secular music are songs with Latin lyrics. However, many secular songs were sung in the vernacular language, unlike the sacred songs that followed the Latin language of the Church. These earliest types were known as the chanson de geste (song of deeds) and were popular amongst the traveling jongleurs and minstrels of the time.
The largest collection of secular music from this period comes from poems of celebration and chivalry of the troubadours from the south of France. These poems contain clever rhyme-schemes, varied use of refrain-lines or words, and different metric patterns. The minstrels of this time were not themselves poets or composers. Instead they adapted the compositions of others to sing, play, and dance to in their own unique versions. Other styles included love songs, political satire, dances, chansons, and dramatic works.
According to Grout's A History of Western Music (1996), common musical instruments of this time period included: harps, imported to continental Europe from Ireland and Britain sometime before the ninth century; Vielle, a prototype of the Renaissance viol and modern viola with five strings, one of which was a drone, popular amongst the jongleurs to accompany their singing and recitations; Organistrum, a three-stringed instrument similar to the vielle but played by the turning of a crank, with strings ‘stopped by a set rods instead of the player’s fingers); and Psaltery, a type of zither played by plucking or ‘striking’ the strings, which frequently appears in medieval art. The most common wind instruments included both recorder and transverse style flutes; the reeded Shawms, a precursor to the oboe; trumpets and bagpipes.
Drums, harps, recorders, and bagpipes were the instruments of choice when performing secular music due to ease of transportation. Jongleurs and minstrels learned their trade through oral tradition.
Composers like Josquin des Prez wrote sacred and secular music. He composed 86 highly successful secular works and 119 sacred pieces. Secular music also was aided by the formation of literature during the reign of Charlemagne that included a collection of secular and semi-secular songs. Guillaume de Machaut was another example of a leading composer who continued the trouvere tradition.
# Pink eye outbreak in Pakistan

In September 2023, there was an occurrence of conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as pink eye, in multiple cities across Pakistan. The outbreak initially began in Karachi and subsequently extended to Lahore, eventually reaching Rawalpindi, Islamabad and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

## Cases reported

As of September 2023, Punjab had reported a total of 86,133 cases of pink eye. Within a 24-hour span, Lahore saw an additional 85 new cases. At that time, the city's air quality worsened due to reduced rainfall in that year. Remarkably, the total number of cases had doubled since the previous month of August.

## Response from health authorities

Amid the escalating cases, the Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department in Punjab took action by issuing a public advisory. This advisory outlined safety protocols, urging individuals to utilize hand sanitizer, refrain from touching their eyes without proper hand hygiene, and avoid using items that had come into contact with infected individuals.

## Impact on schools

In response to the increasing case numbers, Mohsin Raza Naqvi, the interim Chief Minister of Punjab, declared a one-day holiday for all government schools. Subsequently, the Punjab government extended this measure by directing both government and private schools to remain closed from Thursday through Sunday, aiming to curb the spread of the infection.

## Symptoms and treatment

Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, manifests through symptoms like redness, inflammation, painful eyes, and increased tearing. This viral disease spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, and hand-to-eye contact. Treatment typically involves the use of eye drops, ointments, oral medication, and gentle water flushes to alleviate symptoms and promote recovery.
# Winnie-the-Pooh: Exploring a Classic

Winnie-the-Pooh: Exploring a Classic was an exhibition on the history of the Winnie-the-Pooh books.
The exhibit includes pages from A. A. Milne and E. H. Shepard's works, a diary from Harry Colebourn, as well as Pooh merchandise. The exhibition has recreations of Christopher Robin's bed and other settings from the Winnie-the-Pooh books.
The tour started at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and finish at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada.
In Toronto, the exhibit was originally planned to run from 7 March 2020 to 3 August 2020 but was forced to down after 7 days due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was located inside the Roloff Beny Gallery within the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal. The exhibit reopened on September 1, 2020, with a planned closure of January 17, 2021. It was forced to close again on November 22, 2020, after 83 days.

## Venues

| Opening Date | Closing Date | Duration (days) | City | Country | Venue |
| 9 December 2017 | 8 April 2018 | 120 | London | United Kingdom | Victoria and Albert Museum |
| 3 June 2018 | 2 September 2018 | 79 | Atlanta | United States | High Museum of Art |
| 22 September 2018 | 6 January 2019 | 106 | Boston | United States | Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |
| 19 February 2019 | 14 April 2019 | 54 | Tokyo | Japan | Bunkamura Museum of Art |
| 22 August 2019 | 5 January 2020 | 136 | Seoul | South Korea | Korean Soma Museum |
| 7 March 2020 | 13 March 2020 3 August 2020 (planned) | 7 150 (planned) | Toronto | Canada | Royal Ontario Museum |
| 1 September 2020 | 22 November 2020 17 January 2020 (planned) | 83 139 (planned) | Toronto | Canada | Royal Ontario Museum |
# Csaba Kőrösi

Csaba Kőrösi (Hungarian pronunciation:; born 1958) is a Hungarian diplomat who served as President of the 77th United Nations General Assembly. He was previously Director of Environmental Sustainability in the Office of the President of Hungary.

## Early life and education

Born in Szeged, Hungary, in 1958, Kőrösi studied at the Moscow Institute of International Relations (Russia), the University of Leeds Institute of International Relations (United Kingdom), the Truman Institute for Middle East Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel), and Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University (United States of America).

## Career

Kőrösi joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1983 and served in various countries, including Greece, Israel and Libya. He was also the Permanent Representative of Hungary to the United Nations and served as vice-president of the General Assembly from 2011 to 2012. He was Deputy State Secretary responsible for security policy, multilateral diplomacy and human rights before being appointed Director of Environmental Sustainability in the Office of the President of Hungary.
From 2022 to 2023 Kőrösi served as President of the United Nations General Assembly for its 77th session.

## Awards

Kőrösi is a recipient of the Hungarian Order of Merit. He was also awarded the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Greek Order of the Phoenix.
# Jorge Fernandes (footballer, born 1997)

Jorge Filipe Oliveira Fernandes (born 2 April 1997) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Saudi Pro League club Al Fateh.

## Club career
### Porto

Born in Braga, Minho Province, Fernandes joined FC Porto's youth academy at the age of 10. On 15 August 2015, still a junior, he made his senior debut with their reserves by coming on as a 59th-minute substitute in a 2–1 away win against C.D. Santa Clara in the Segunda Liga. He scored his first goal in the competition on 16 September 2017, helping the hosts defeat C.D. Nacional 2–1.
On 31 January 2018, Fernandes was loaned to Primeira Liga club C.D. Tondela. His maiden appearance in the Portuguese top division took place nine days later when he replaced Pedro Nuno shortly after Ícaro was sent off in the away fixture against F.C. Paços de Ferreira, helping his team secure a 2–0 victory. The move was extended for the 2018–19 season.

### Vitória Guimarães

After a season on loan at Kasımpaşa S.K. in the Turkish Süper Lig, Fernandes rescinded his Porto contract and signed a five-year deal at Vitória de Guimarães, who purchased 60% of his economic rights on 1 August 2020. He scored his first top-flight goal on the following 19 May, in a 3–1 home loss to S.L. Benfica.

### Al Fateh

On 31 January 2025, Fernandes joined Saudi Pro League side Al Fateh SC, on a deal until June 2026 for a €500,000 fee.

## International career

Fernandes earned 32 caps for Portugal across all youth levels. He scored his one goal on 5 June 2015 for the under-18 team in a 3–1 win over China in Mafra, to win the Torneio de Lisboa.
Fernandes was part of the under-20 side that reached the quarter-finals of the 2017 FIFA World Cup in South Korea. In 2018, he took part with the under-21 team in qualification for the following year's UEFA European Championship.
# Minnesota Landscape Arboretum

The Minnesota Landscape Arboretum is a 1,200-acre (4.9 km$^2$) horticultural garden and arboretum located about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Chanhassen, Minnesota at 3675 Arboretum Drive, Chaska, Minnesota. It is part of the Department of Horticultural Science in the College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences at the University of Minnesota, and open to the public every day of the year except Thanksgiving and Christmas. An admission fee is charged, and annual memberships are available. It is the Upper Midwest's largest public garden.
The arboretum's earliest area was established in 1907 as the Horticultural Research Center, which developed cold-hardy crops such as the Honeycrisp apple and Northern Lights azaleas. In 1958 the arboretum itself was begun on 160 acres (0.65 km$^2$) founded by Leon C. Snyder. The arboretum is the largest, most diverse, and most complete horticultural site in Minnesota, with over 5000 plant varieties, and approaching its goal of protecting its entire watershed (1200 acres).
The arboretum features annual and perennial display gardens, plants developed for northern climates, demonstration gardens, a Japanese garden, a maze garden and natural areas including woodlands, prairie, and marshes. Its collections include clematis, dahlias, ornamental grasses, hostas, iris, wildflowers, and cultivated and hardy shrub roses. The arboretum also includes a horticultural library and conservatory, as well as miles of hiking and cross-country skiing trails.
The Meyers-Deats Conservatory features bromeliad, orchid, and cactus collections and tropical houseplants. The Andersen Horticultural Library houses 15,000 books covering botany, horticulture, natural history, children's literature, research materials, and nursery catalogs.
A Three-Mile (5 km) Drive through the arboretum takes visitors past many of the collections.
# Death Before Dishonor VI

Death Before Dishonor VI was the sixth Death Before Dishonor professional wrestling event produced by Ring of Honor (ROH), which took place on August 2, 2008, at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City, New York.

## Storylines

Death Before Dishonor VI featured professional wrestling matches, involving different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds, plots, and storylines that played out on ROH's television programs. Wrestlers portrayed villains or heroes as they followed a series of events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| 1 | The Briscoes (Jay and Mark) defeated The Vulture Squad (Jigsaw and Ruckus) | Tag team match | 6:00 |
| 2 | Chris Hero (with Bobby Dempsey, Eddie Edwards and Larry Sweeney) defeated Delirious | Singles match | 8:23 |
| 3 | Eddie Edwards (with Bobby Dempsey, Chris Hero and Larry Sweeney) defeated Roderick Strong | Singles match | 9:42 |
| 4 | Brent Albright defeated Adam Pearce (c) (with Bobby Dempsey, Sara Del Rey, Larry Sweeney and Shane Hagadorn) | Singles match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship | 19:42 |
| 5 | Austin Aries defeated Jimmy Jacobs and Necro Butcher | Three Way Dance match | 11:47 |
| 6 | Naomichi Marufuji defeated Go Shiozaki | Singles match | 23:02 |
| 7 | El Generico and Kevin Steen defeated The Motor City Machine Guns (Alex Shelley and Chris Sabin) | Tag team match | 19:51 |
| 8 | Nigel McGuinness (c) defeated Bryan Danielson and Claudio Castagnoli and Tyler Black | Four Way Elimination match for the ROH World Championship | 30:45 |
| (c) – the champion(s) heading into the match ||||
# 2009 Kandahar bombing

vteWar in Afghanistan (2001–2021) :
The 25 August 2009 Kandahar bombing was a suicide truck bombing that killed 43 people and injured at least 65 in Kandahar, Afghanistan. The Taliban were thought to be responsible.
A wedding hall and a dozen houses were destroyed in the explosion. The target was apparently the headquarters of a Japanese construction company.
# Alan Howard (dancer)

Alan Howard (1931–2003) was an American ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher. He was a lead dancer for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo.

## Biography
### Early life

Alan Howard was born in 1931 in Chicago, Illinois. He learned ballet from Edna McRae.

### Career

He became a dancer for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo in 1949, soon becoming lead dancer, or premier danseur. He left the company in 1960. He was later a dancer for the Mia Slavenska Ballet, the New York City Ballet, and the Radio City Music Hall.
He established the Pacific Ballet Academy in San Francisco, California. He choreographed and produced the Pacific Ballet. He also taught ballet. For example, Kyra Nichols, a lead dancer at the New York City Ballet, was one of his students.
In 2005, he appeared in the documentary, Ballets Russes.

### Death

He died of cancer on March 6, 2003, in Chicago.
# Dipankar Sen

Dipankar Sen is an Indian politician currently serving as a Member of the 13th Tripura Legislative Assembly, representing the Belonia constituency. He is a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from Tripura.
Sen completed his higher secondary education from Vidyapith H.S. School, Belonia in 1983.
# Binnaguri

Binnaguri is a cantonment town located in the Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal state, India. It is located at 26° 46' N latitude and 89° 3' E longitude at an altitude of 216 metres above sea level.

## Geography
### Area overview

The map alongside shows the alluvial floodplains south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas. The area is mostly flat, except for low hills in the northern portions. It is a primarily rural area with 62.01% of the population living in rural areas and a moderate 37.99% living in the urban areas. Tea gardens in the Dooars and Terai regions produce 226 million kg or over a quarter of India's total tea crop. Some tea gardens were identified in the 2011 census as census towns or villages. Such places are marked in the map as CT (census town) or R (rural/ urban centre). Specific tea estate pages are marked TE.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Importance

Binnaguri lies close to the Bhutan border, the Bhutanese town of Samtse being 10 km to the north. Binnaguri lies in deep Dooars country. Tea gardens are nearby, prominent amongst which are the Binaguri Tea Estate (Binaguri Tea Co. Pvt. Ltd. Kolkata), Moraghat Tea Estate (Binaguri Tea Co. Pvt. Ltd. Kolkata), Telepara Tea Garden, Huldibari Tea Garden, Banarhat Tea Garden, Karbala Tea Garden, Lakhipara Tea Garden, and Gandrapara Tea Garden. The decline in the tea industry has increased the poverty and unemployment in the neighbouring areas. Most of the employment opportunities apart from the tea gardens are in the Army Cantonment, an orphanage and a local chapter of the Dooars Branch Indian Tea Association.
The town is considered the education hub of the region, with institutions like St. James' School, Binnaguri, Army Public School, Binnaguri, Kendriya Vidyalaya, St. Patrick's School and NIOS/IGNOU.
The nearest place of tourist interest is the Jaldapara National Park 30 kilometers from the town.

## Transport

Binnaguri is connected by road to the district town of Jalpaiguri and other nearby towns of Dhupguri, Gairkata, Birpara, Banarhat, Alipurduar etc. It lies on National Highway 31C (India)(old numbering) which crosses the Teesta river near Siliguri at the Coronation Bridge or Tiger bridge, Binnaguri and onto Hasimara and beyond).
Binnaguri has one important railway station: Binnaguri Junction (Code: BNV, Railway Zone: Northeast Frontier) - on the New Jalpaiguri-Alipurduar-Samuktala Road Line.
# Kedong County

Kedong County ( simplified Chinese: 克东县; traditional Chinese: 克東縣; pinyin: Kèdōng Xiàn ) is a county under the jurisdiction of Qiqihar City in west-central Heilongjiang province, the People's Republic of China. It has an area of 2,083 km$^2$ (804 sq mi) and a population of about 280,000.

## Administrative divisions

Kedong County include five towns and two townships.

### Towns

* Kedong (玉岗镇), Yugang (盐井镇), Baoquan (宝泉镇), Qianfeng (乾丰镇), Puyulu (盐井镇)

### Townships

* Runjin (润津乡), Changsheng (昌盛乡)

## Climate

Climate data for Kedong, elevation 297 m (974 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −4.0 (24.8) | 3.4 (38.1) | 19.4 (66.9) | 27.6 (81.7) | 33.8 (92.8) | 38.4 (101.1) | 36.9 (98.4) | 34.7 (94.5) | 33.8 (92.8) | 24.9 (76.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 3.7 (38.7) | 38.4 (101.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −15.9 (3.4) | −10.5 (13.1) | −0.6 (30.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 19.7 (67.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 24.8 (76.6) | 19.4 (66.9) | 9.6 (49.3) | −4.0 (24.8) | −14.6 (5.7) | 7.6 (45.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −20.3 (−4.5) | −15.7 (3.7) | −5.8 (21.6) | 5.4 (41.7) | 13.8 (56.8) | 19.7 (67.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 19.9 (67.8) | 13.9 (57.0) | 4.4 (39.9) | −8.5 (16.7) | −18.7 (−1.7) | 2.5 (36.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −24.2 (−11.6) | −20.5 (−4.9) | −10.9 (12.4) | 0.0 (32.0) | 7.9 (46.2) | 14.4 (57.9) | 17.6 (63.7) | 15.5 (59.9) | 8.7 (47.7) | −0.4 (31.3) | −12.4 (9.7) | −22.3 (−8.1) | −2.2 (28.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.1 (−34.8) | −36.4 (−33.5) | −26.6 (−15.9) | −12.5 (9.5) | −5.6 (21.9) | 1.3 (34.3) | 7.5 (45.5) | −0.3 (31.5) | −5.0 (23.0) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −28.4 (−19.1) | −36.7 (−34.1) | −37.1 (−34.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.8 (0.11) | 3.6 (0.14) | 9.2 (0.36) | 22.5 (0.89) | 43.3 (1.70) | 95.6 (3.76) | 149.6 (5.89) | 114.2 (4.50) | 72.3 (2.85) | 21.0 (0.83) | 9.0 (0.35) | 5.9 (0.23) | 549 (21.61) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.0 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 6.7 | 10.2 | 13.2 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 10.0 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 96.6 |
| Average snowy days | 7.5 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 44.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 72 | 67 | 57 | 49 | 50 | 64 | 76 | 77 | 66 | 58 | 65 | 72 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 178.6 | 208.4 | 255.6 | 242.3 | 259.3 | 247.4 | 237.2 | 235.8 | 232.0 | 205.3 | 173.1 | 156.9 | 2,631.9 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 65 | 72 | 69 | 59 | 55 | 52 | 49 | 54 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 61 | 60 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Loch Eigheach

Loch Eigheach is a large upland dammed freshwater loch in the Scottish Highlands. It is located in Rannoch Moor in the Council Area of Perth and Kinross. The undisturbed Loch Eigheach was much smaller.

## Dam

Loch Eigheach is part of the Tummel hydro-electric power scheme. The Gaur Dam was placed at its eastern end, enlarging the loch, in the 1950s.

## Geography

Loch Eigheach lies on the River Gaur and is located between Loch Laidon in the west and Loch Rannoch in the east.
On its northern shore, the river Allt Eigheach flows into the loch. The main inflow to the loch in the east is the Garbh Ghaoir. Loch Eigheach is traversed by the River Gaur that flows out of Loch Eigheach in the west. The water leaving Loch Eigheach across the River Gaur first flows through a hydroelectric power station before being returned to the riverbed.
The shores of Loch Eigheach are completely uninhabited. Parts of the north shore and the dam wall are accessed by the B846. All other shorelines are not accessible by car. Loch Eigheach is a fishing area where mainly perch are caught.
# Badweyn

Badweyn also spelt Badwein is a town in the Aynabo District, in the Sool region of Somaliland.

## Overview

Badweyn means "big well" in the Somali language. The town is home to a substantial mosque and a multiple-trunked tree that stands alongside the main road.

## History

The Isaaq clan expanded into traditional Dhulbahante territory to the east. This expansion was led primarily by the Habr Je’lo subclan. The clan boundary between the Habr Je'lo and the Dhulbahante during the 19th century was traditionally in Laba Garday, a pass in the Buurdhaab mountain chain situated between War Idaad and Wadamago. The Dhulbahante had previously inhabited just east of Burao. The Habr Je'lo took advantage of the Dhulbahante's weakness after the defeat of the Dervish movement to conquer much of their important wells and grazing grounds. The Habr Je'lo subsequently expanded into and beyond the Saraar plain and the Ain Valley (which includes Badwein), pushing the Dhulbahante southwards towards the Haud:
   Thus under pressure from the Habar Tol Ja'lo expanding to their north, the Dulbahante claim that formerly their north-western boundary was the Sarar Plain now grazed mainly by Habar Tol Ja'lo. And there is good evidence that they have in fact been forced to move south. Those Dulbahante lineages which formerly grazed in the Ain region and which were accordingly called Reer ‘Aymeed today pasture their stock mainly in the scrub-lands of the northern Hand where they are known as ‘people of the bush’ (Reer Oodeed).
# Agouni Gueghrane

Agouni Gueghrane is a town and commune in northern Algeria in the Tizi Ouzou Province in the Kabylia region.