OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Minerva Hamilton Hoyt

Minerva Hamilton Hoyt (March 27, 1866 – December 15, 1945) was an early American activist who worked to preserve California desert areas, and promoted the establishment of Joshua Tree National Park. Born on a Mississippi plantation, she later lived in East Coast cities with her physician husband before they moved to South Pasadena, California, in 1897. There she gradually became deeply interested in desert plants and habitat.

## Early life and move to California

Minerva Hamilton was born on March 27, 1866, on a plantation near Durant, Mississippi, to an upper-class family. She attended a local school for white students, many from the planter class.
After marrying Dr. Albert Sherman Hoyt, they lived for a time in New York and Baltimore, and had four children together, of which two daughters survived her.
In 1897, they moved to South Pasadena, California. In California, Hoyt used her influence as a wealthy socialite to support civic causes. Among these was the Los Angeles Philharmonic.

## Preserving natural habitat

Hoyt became interested in Southern California's desert plants through her interest in gardening, particularly cactus and Joshua Trees. After the death of her husband in 1918, she became concerned that increased automobile traffic in the desert was threatening the area.
Hoyt began to exhibit desert plants across the country, to educate people about their qualities. Exhibitions included the national 1928 Garden Club of America show in New York, where the work was seen and commented on by Secretary of Agriculture William Jardine. She later exhibited as far as London. The exhibitions were significant efforts—for the New York exhibition, seven freight cars of rocks, plants, and sand were shipped across the country, and fresh flowers were flown in.
In March 1930, Hoyt founded the International Desert Conservation League. Throughout the 1930s she worked to encourage the state of California to create three parks: Joshua Tree, Death Valley, and Anza-Borrego Desert. Though initially thwarted, in 1936, she gained support by the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, which designated more than 800,000 acres in California desert area as the Joshua Tree National Monument.
She also worked to appeal to the Mexican government, appealing to the latter to set aside 10,000 acres for cactus preservation.

## Legacy and honors

* In 1931, a species of Mexican cactus was named after Hoyt (mammillaria hamiltonhoytea).
* In 2013, the US Board of Geographic Names named a peak within Joshua Tree after Minerva Hoyt.
* The Joshua Tree National Park Association annually honors "notable achievement on behalf of the deserts of California" with a Minerva Hoyt Award.
* Asteroid 7321 Minervahoyt, discovered by American astronomers Eleanor Helin and Schelte Bus at the Siding Spring Observatory in 1979, was named in her memory. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 27 August 2019 (M.P.C. 115893).
# American Horse Creek

American Horse Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Some say the creek bears the name of American Horse, an Oglala Lakota chief, while others believe the creek derives its name from an incident involving a certain Indian horse thief and his "American horses".
# Belle Fourche River

The Belle Fourche River (pronounced bel FOOSH; Lakota: Šahíyela Wakpá) is a tributary of the Cheyenne River, approximately 290 miles (470 km) long, in the U.S. states of Wyoming and South Dakota. It is part of the Mississippi River watershed via the Cheyenne and Missouri rivers. In the latter part of the 19th century, the Belle Fourche River was known as the North Fork of the Cheyenne River. Belle Fourche is a name derived from French meaning "beautiful fork".

## Course

It rises in northeastern Wyoming, in southern Campbell County, approximately 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Wright. It flows northeast around the north side of the Bear Lodge Mountains, past Moorcroft and Devils Tower. Near the state line with Montana, it turns abruptly southeast and flows in western South Dakota, past Belle Fourche and around the north side of the Black Hills. In southern Meade County near Hereford, it turns ENE and joins the Cheyenne approximately 50 miles (80 km) ENE of Rapid City.
The point at which the river flows out of Wyoming and into South Dakota is the lowest elevation point in the state of Wyoming at 3,099 feet (945 m). This is the second-highest low point of any U.S. state. At Elm Springs, the river has an average discharge of 397 cubic feet per second (11.2 cubic metres per second)

## Usage

The river provides significant recreation and irrigation for agriculture in western South Dakota. The total irrigation area of the river in South Dakota is approximately 57,000 acres (230 km$^2$).
# Pick glass

A pick glass also known as a piece glass is a magnifying glass helpful in counting thread count. It is used to determine the number of yarns in warp and weft in woven fabrics and courses and wales in knitted fabrics. Compact constructions of fabrics may have a higher thread count. That is also called "cloth count".

## Function

Pick glass aid in measuring the following.

### Ends and picks

Ends per inch is the number of warp threads per inch of woven fabric.
Picks per inch is the number of weft threads per inch of woven fabric. Pick is a term that refers to a single weft thread. By and large, the more ends and picks per inch, the finer the cloth. Balanced plain weave fabrics have warp and weft threads that are the same weight (size) and have the same number of ends and picks per inch.

### Courses and Wales

Loops are the building blocks of knitted fabrics, and courses and wales in knitted fabrics are importantly similar to ends and pick in woven fabrics. The knitting structure is formed by intermeshing the loops in consecutive rows.
* Courses: are the total number of horizontal rows measured in per inch or per centimetre. The course is a horizontal row of loops formed by all the adjacent needles during one revolution. course length is obtained by multiplying loop length with the number of needles involved in the production of the course.
* Wales: are the number of vertical columns measured in per inch or per centimetre.
# Walkie Talkie Man

"Walkie Talkie Man" is a song by New Zealand band Steriogram, released in 2004 on the album Schmack! and as a single.
The song is widely recognized as bringing Steriogram the majority of their popularity. Its simple, catchy riff and fast-talking verses contribute to the song's popularity, and it attracted even more attention when it was used as the background music to an advert by Apple for the iPod.
The song debuted at #19 on the UK Singles Chart in the United Kingdom and reached #14 on the New Zealand Singles Chart in the band's native New Zealand.
Exactly 1:59 into the song, lead guitarist Brad Carter sneezes.

## Music video

The music video for "Walkie Talkie Man" was directed by Michel Gondry, and features scenes of children working as studio staff and knitting instruments and equipment, and the band is terrorized by a giant hand made of wool which grabs singer Tyson Kennedy and tears him in half, showing that his insides are also made of wool. The children save him by unraveling the threads that compose the giant and sewing his lower body back in place — but it is sewn backwards and Kennedy ends the video with his legs turned back to the camera, unlike his upper body. Brad Carter's woollen guitar bears the words "New Zealand". The video is available on the DVD compilation Michel Gondry 2: More Videos (Before and After DVD 1). The music video was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video in 2005 and four Video Music Awards.

## Use in media

The song was used in the films Robots, Kicking & Screaming, Man of the House and Agent Cody Banks 2: Destination London, as well as the video games MVP Baseball 2004, MLB 2005, and Elite Beat Agents. It was also used in an Apple promotional video, introducing the AirPort Express and built in iPod integration with BMW automobiles.

## Personnel

* Tyson Kennedy – lead vocals
* Brad Carter – co-lead vocals and lead guitar
* Tim Youngson – rhythm guitar and backing vocals
* Jake Adams – bass guitar and backing vocals
* Jared Wrennall – drums and backing vocals

## Charts

Chart performance for "Walkie Talkie Man" :
| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 80 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 14 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 19 |
# Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary

The Prey Lang Forest (/preɪ ˈlɑːŋ/; Khmer: ព្រៃឡង់, Prey Láng pronounced) is a forest in Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Kratie and Stung Treng Provinces in Northern Cambodia. The forest covers an estimated 3,600 square kilometres (1,390 square miles). It is one of Southeast Asia's last remaining lowland evergreen woodlands. It is the largest remaining lowland evergreen forest on the Indochinese peninsula and approximately 200,000 members of ethnic minorities live in or around the Prey Lang.

## Protected area

Part of the Prey Lang Forest is covered by Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, first created in 2016.

## Indigenous communities

Prey Lang plays a central role in the lives of hundreds of thousands of people in Cambodia. Around 200,000 people, mostly members of the indigenous Kuy people, live in districts surrounding Prey Lang, a name which means "Our Forest" in the Kuy language. Prey Lang is an intricate part of their culture and spiritual life and they have depended upon it for generations, collecting resin, building materials, medicine, and food from the forest. Another 700,000 people live within 10 kilometers from Prey Lang, for whom the forest is essential as well.

## Deforestation

Prey Lang is under threat from a variety of sources which have put short-sighted economic interests ahead of a nation's long-term well-being. Agribusiness plantations and mining operations are cutting away at the forest, including sensitive core areas. Illegal logging for timber, including luxury wood, is rampant, depriving communities of the resin trees they depend on. It is estimated that up to 250,000 resin trees have been lost to chainsaws. Illegal mining for precious metals and iron ore has also been on the increase, displacing artisanal, environmentally friendly operations. Toxic chemicals are being dumped into Prey Lang waterways, upsetting the area's delicate ecological balance and endangering downstream communities. In addition, new roads are cutting into important and sensitive areas of the forest, and making it easier for unscrupulous actors to illegally clear forest, transport timber, and engage in poaching.
# Luis Aponte

Luis Eduardo Aponte Yuripe (born June 14, 1953) is a retired Venezuelan professional baseball player. He played as a right-handed middle relief pitcher in Major League Baseball for the Boston Red Sox and Cleveland Indians. In his career, Aponte compiled a 9–6 record with 113 strikeouts, seven saves, and a 3.27 ERA in 220 innings over 110 appearances.
Aponte committed no errors in his MLB career, handling 60 total chances (23 putouts, 37 assists) perfectly for a 1.000 fielding percentage.
Aponte was signed by Boston as an amateur free agent in 1973. He had his most effective season in 1982, earning three saves in 40 appearances with a 3.18 ERA. He pitched four innings in the longest professional baseball game.
# Annie Creek

Annie Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Annie Creek has the name of Annie Clark, the daughter of a pioneer settler.
# Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden

The Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden is a 2-acre botanic garden and part of the Kauffman Legacy Park, located in Kansas City, Missouri. It is maintained in a collaborative effort by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and Powell Gardens. The gardens are located near Country Club Plaza and the main campus of University of Missouri–Kansas City. The Kauffman Memorial Garden is enclosed by limestone walls and has brick paths and seating areas. The garden showcases five designs.

## Five Designs

The Allee: Peking Tree Lilacs shading billowing blue Endless Summer Hydrangeas and other seasonal flowers are found in the entrance of the garden. Allee is a French word meaning, "a walkway lined with trees or tall shrubs."
Green Garden: The Green Garden’s centerpiece is where water jumps in a playful octagonal pool. It is bordered on the south by a beautiful pergola of overhead planter boxes filled with cascading seasonal flowers that create a space where Mrs. Kauffman’s favorite flower, the gardenia, can be found during the growing season. Four beds surround each corner of the garden containing spring-blooming magnolias.
Orangery: The “orangery” flanks the north side of the green garden and offers a sheltered gathering place for visitors and a site for fragrant seasonal plants, and in winter, the garden's citrus, camellia and gardenia collections. The garden's orchid collection can also be found in the "boots" of the orangery's four large pindo palm trees. The Orangery's annual winter holiday display is a seasonal highlight, and a must-see during a Plaza area visit.
Parterre Garden: The Parterre “Canal” Garden is home to a majestic long pool, where bronze figures Jazz I and Jazz II, by local artist Tom Corbin dance in the water. The long canal pool is lined with a colorful display of annuals and tropicals that change with each season. Paths behind rows of flowering crabapples feature long borders of beautiful perennials.
Secret Garden: The secluded Secret Garden behind the conservatory features its own distinctive watery accents and a quiet spot for reflection.

## Memorial

The Memorial site of Kansas City business and philanthropists Ewing Kauffman and Muriel Kauffman are interred at the garden. The Kauffmans’ world travels inspired the creation of the garden for the enjoyment and enrichment of the community. The space artfully includes plants from both Muriel and Ewing’s heritage by using species popular to Canada and Missouri.
All together, the garden features 7,000 plants, varieties that include vintage and modern perennials, annuals, shrubs, bulbs and trees. Local volunteers and gardeners, in association with Powell Gardens are responsible for daily care.

## Image gallery

* Entrance to the Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden from the East
* Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden main building and courtyard fountain from the southwest
* Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden (west view from center court)
* Ewing and Muriel Kauffman Memorial Garden view of west fountains from south walkway
* Ewing Kauffman burial site
* Muriel Kauffman burial site
# Tōru Arakawa

Tōru Arakawa(荒川通, Arakawa Tōru; November 1932 in Gifu Prefecture, Japan – 20 June 2015) was a karate master of the style Wadō-ryū. He was one of the few karateka ranked 9th Dan in Japan.

## Biography

Tōru Arakawa began karate training at the Nihon University at the age of 18. At the beginning of the 1960s he traveled to Europe and America together with Tatsuo Suzuki and Hajime Takashima to make karate in the western countries popular.
Arakawa served as the manager of the JKF Wadōkai from 1962 to 1979. In 1982, he played a major role in the creation of the first Shatai [Kata] book, which standardized Kata 's style – encompassing style for JKF competitions. In addition, he trained numerous successful athletes in the 1980s, including Seiji Nishimura and Toshiaki Maeda.
Until his death in June 2015, Arakawa taught in his Dōjō Shibuya and at international seminars in Japan and overseas.

## Participation in the following publications

* Karatedo Shitei Kata, 1982, JKF Wadokai
* Wado-kai Karatedo Textbook, Kata section (Vol. 1), 2015, JKF Wadokai
# Battle of Bir Bilal

The Battle of Bir Bilal (also called Battle of Brega) was a military engagement between the Senussi order and the Italians. The Senussi won a resounding victory against the Italians.

## Battle

On Ramadan 1341 Hijra (April 1923), the Italians captured Ajdabiya. The Italians, after the capture, attempted to subdue the Magherbi tribes or persuade them to join the Italians, given the fact that they represented a danger to the Italians and their bases. After the capture of Ajdabiya, they began preparations to capture an important sea base Brega for any inland campaign. The operation was entrusted to Major Melli, who was given command of the VII Eritrean battalion.
The VII Eritrean battalion consisted of 400 rifles, a company of cavalry, and a group of armored vehicles led by Captain Telger. Another source claims the Italians had a force of 5,000 men and 100 armored vehicles. It was determined for Major Melli's forces to march from Ajdabiya to Qurain and Brega, while Captain Telger made a wide detour to avoid the sandy areas passing through Al-Qatifya to Bir Bilal.
As the armored Italian vehicles were reaching Bir Bilal on June 10, they found themselves surrounded by a force of Libyans. Loads of bullets rained upon the Italian vehicles, destroying them completely killing captain Telger. The Senussi captured their weapons and other equipment. Learning of this, Major Melli hurried to the scene towards Bir Bilal. However, they were attacked by the Libyans near Abi Qarada, near the coast, and inflicted another defeat on the Italians.

## Aftermath

The Italian defeat at Bir Bilal was considered one of the most serious defeats in eastern Libya. The Italians failed due to several factors: the bad weather of the territory, which prevented the Italians from using their air force; another factor was the rough sea, which prevented an Italian ship from covering the Italian force; and lastly, the underestimating of the Senussi numbers as they assumed that they possessed no more than 150 men.
In the month of July, the Italians conducted 57 air operations to bombard Libyan residences and their cattle. On August 25, a large force reached Bir Bilal and began collecting the Italian corpses to bury them; a total of 189 bodies were found, including Major Melli and other officers.
On September 3, the Italians successfully captured Bir Bilal from the Libyans after a four-hour battle.

## Literature

* Kalifa Tillisi, A Dictionary for Italian Colonial Battles on the Libyan Soil 1911–31, 1972.
* Al Tahir Al Zawi, Omar- Al Mukhtar, the last episode of the national resistance in Libya.
* Wahbi Bori, Benghazi during the Italian colonial period, 2004.
# Nukukehe

Nukukehe, released in 2002, is the third album by the Oceanic group, Te Vaka.
This album is dedicated to environmental groups around the world for caring enough to do something about it. The song "Sei Ma Le Losa" was written for David McTaggart, who was killed in a car accident the previous year.
"Loimata e Maligi" (lit. "Let the Tears Fall Down") was written in memory of 19 girls who lost their lives in a fire at Motufoua Secondary School in Vaitupu, Tuvalu in 2000. The song was later rewritten as "An Innocent Warrior" for the 2016 Walt Disney Animation Studios film Moana.

## Accolades

Nukukehe was nominated for "Best Roots Album" in the New Zealand music awards. It was also nominated for Audience Choice and Asia Pacific category in the BBC 3 World music awards.
# Augustus Akinloye

Chief Augustus Meredith Adisa Akinloye // (August 19, 1916 – September 18, 2007), popularly known as A.M.A, was a Nigerian lawyer, politician and the Seriki of Ibadanland, thus making him a Yoruba tribal aristocrat.

## Legal career

Akinloye read law at the London School of Economics between 1946 and 1948. Upon his return to Nigeria, he briefly worked as a lawyer before venturing into politics.

## First Republic

Akinloye was instrumental to the formation of the first ever political party in Ibadan called Ibadan Peoples Party (IPP) which he served as its president, with Adegoke Adelabu as his deputy. His IPP party later merged with the Action Group, led by Chief Obafemi Awolowo, to form the first government in the Western Region of Nigeria, in which Akinloye was appointed the Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources. During the second half of the 1950s he was elected Chairman of Ibadan City Council.
During the Western Region crisis in the early 1960s, he left the Action Group for Chief Samuel Ladoke Akintola's newly formed Nigerian National Democratic Party and served in the cabinet led by the then Prime Minister, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. (The government was overthrown in a military coup on 15 January 1966.)

## Second Republic

Akinloye was the Chairman of the then-largest political party in Africa, the National Party of Nigeria, which ruled the country between 1979 and 1983 while Shehu Shagari was President. Akinloye went into exile in 1983 after his party was overthrown by the military government headed by General Muhammadu Buhari and returned to Nigeria after ten years when the interim government led by Chief Ernest Shonekan was in place.

## Personal life

The Oloye Akinloye was married and had multiple children. He died at age 91 in his home town on September 18, 2007 after a brief illness.
# South America Tennis Confederation

South America Tennis Confederation (Spanish: Confederacion Sudamericana de Tenis or COSAT) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul Americana de Tênis) is a private non-profit organization, affiliated with International Tennis Federation. It is the regional body of tennis associations of most of the nations of the South America, excluding Guyana and Suriname, which are the members of Central American & Caribbean Tennis Confederation (COTECC).

## Member nations

South America Tennis Confederation affiliates ten South American nations:
| Country | Association | Headquarter |
| Argentina | Argentina Tennis Association | Buenos Aires |
| Bolivia | Bolivian Tennis Federation | La Paz |
| Brazil | Brazilian Tennis Confederation | Florianópolis |
| Colombia | Colombian Tennis Federation | Bogota |
| Chile | Chile Tennis Federation | Santiago |
| Ecuador | Ecuadorian Federation of Tennis | Guayaquil |
| Paraguay | Paraguayan Tennis Association | Asuncion |
| Peru | Tennis Federation of Peru | Lima |
| Uruguay | Uruguayan Association of Tennis | Montevideo |
| Venezuela | Venezuelan Tennis Federation | Caracas |
# Antelope Creek (Todd County, South Dakota)

Antelope Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Antelope Creek was named for the antelope, a native species in South Dakota.