OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kulapurusha

Kulpurush (called as कुलपुरुष in Sanskrit and कुळपुरुस or पुरुस in Konkani) is believed to be the progenitor of a clan. Kul literally could mean lineage, race, family, or clan and Purusha could mean man, soul, spirit or even chief.
This aspect of ancestral worship is very predominant in Goa and is still practiced today. According to Goan Folklore researcher Mr. Vinayak Vishnu Khedekar, the word Purus or Puris originated from the Sanskrit word Puris. All the communities and castes including Brahmins have custom of and tradition of Kulapurusha in their clan. A separate temple is found in the vicinity of Kuldevta temple, and Kulapurush is often worshipped in the form of Shiva or Narayana or sometimes in the form of a stone, sword, idol, or any other form like a stick or even a shield.
# Castelfidardo

Castelfidardo (Marchigiano: Castello) is a town and comune in the province of Ancona, in the Marche region of central-eastern Italy.
It is remembered for a Piedmontese victory over an army composed of foreign volunteers defending the Papal States, on September 18, 1860. The town's Museum of the Risorgimento, in the palazzo Mordini, commemorates the battle and places it in the wider context of the Risorgimento as a whole. It houses artifacts and documents of the period, including around 130 loans from private collections or other museums. In addition, Castelfidardo is home to a number of Renaissance-era buildings, including 'il Palombarone` a 1580 construction which underwent extensive renovations in the early 21st century.

## Economy

Castelfidardo is the international capital of accordion builders. A variety of other musical instruments besides the accordion have been produced in the town since the 19th century, such as the armonica.

## Twin towns

* Castelvetro di Modena, Italy
* Klingenthal, Germany

## Sport

G.S.D. Castelfidardo Calcio is the town's football club, founded in 1944. Currently, it plays in Italy's Serie D after the promotion from national play-off in the Eccellenza in the 2013–14 season.
Its home ground is Stadio G. Mancini with 2,000 seats. The team's colors are white and green.
# 2012 Afar region tourist attack

The 2012 Afar region tourist attack was a shooting incident on the night of 17 January 2012 at Erta Ale volcano in the Afar Region of Ethiopia which killed 5 and injured 3. Four people were kidnapped in the attack.
Bereket Simon, the country's communications minister told Reuters the attack was carried out at 5 am on 17 January, by Eritrean-trained groups. Two foreigners, a driver, and a policeman were kidnapped. Eritrea denied having trained and armed the attackers.
It was later revealed that two Germans, two Hungarians and an Austrian were killed in the attack. Two Germans and two Ethiopians were kidnapped. Three people injured: two Belgians and a Hungarian. The Germans were released 7 March the same year.
# Antony Pay

Antony Pay (born 21 February 1945 in London) is a classical clarinettist. After gaining a place with the National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain, with whom he performed the Mozart clarinet concerto at the age of 16, he studied at the Royal Academy of Music and then read Mathematics at Cambridge University, graduating in 1966.
Principal Clarinet positions include the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra from 1968 to 1978, London Sinfonietta (of which he was a founder member) from 1968 to 1983 and the Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields from 1976 to 1986. A member of several chamber ensembles he has worked with the Nash Ensemble, the Tuckwell Wind Quintet, the Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields Chamber Ensemble, and Hausmusik.
During his time with the London Sinfonietta he collaborated with a variety of composers, including Boulez, Stockhausen, Birtwistle, Henze, Maxwell Davies, Goehr and Berio. For the RCA he recorded Berio's Concertino, with the composer conducting, and gave the first performance of Henze's mini-concerto Miracle of the Rose, which was written for him to direct from the clarinet. He has previously been Professor of Clarinet at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama from 1982 to 1990, the Royal Academy of Music, the Music Academy Accademia Lorenzo Perosi in Biella and at Musikene - Centro Superior de Música del País Vasco in San Sebastián (Spain) from 2005 to 2018.
Recently he has concentrated on solo playing and conducting, recording the Spohr and Mozart Concertos for Decca, the Weber and Crusell Concertos for Virgin Classics and Birtwistle's Melencolia I for NMC. He has conducted the Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands, and the London Sinfonietta throughout Europe, as well as guest-conducting with orchestras in Scandinavia, Italy and the United States.
Period performance on specially reconstructed instruments includes his recordings of the Mozart, Weber and Crusell Concertos. He currently works with The Academy of Ancient Music and the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment, with both of which he is a frequent soloist. His recording of the Mozart concerto with The AAM and Christopher Hogwood is available on Decca (414 339-2). He has written for the journal Early Music and The Cambridge Companion to the Clarinet. He is working on a book concerned mainly with the use of metaphor in teaching and learning to play the clarinet.
# Hack (name)

Hack is a surname, given name, and nickname. Notable people with the name include:

## People with the surname

* Alexander Hack (born 1993), German footballer
* Dave Hack (born 1972), Canadian Football retired offensive lineman
* Dorothy Weisel Hack (1910–1963), American amateur tennis player
* Edward Hack (1913–1987), English cricketer
* Franz Hack (1915–1997), German SS officer during World War II
* Frederick Hack (1877–1939), Australian cricketer
* Hermann Josef Hack (born 1956), German artist
* Howard Hack (1932–2015), American artist
* Jefferson Hack (born 1971), Uruguayan journalist and magazine editor
* Jodi Hack, American politician elected to the Oregon House of Representatives in 2014
* John Barton Hack (1805–1884), settler in South Australia
* John Tilton Hack (1913–1991), American geomorphologist
* Karl Hack (born 1966), historian of Southeast Asia, empire and counter-insurgency
* Lester G. Hack (1844–1928), American Civil War soldier awarded the Medal of Honor
* Margherita Hack (1922–2013), Italian astrophysicist
* Maria Hack (1777–1844), English writer of educational books for children
* Olivia Hack (born 1983), American voice actress
* Petra Hack (born 1970), German model
* Richard Hack (born 1951), American writer
* Sabine Hack (born 1969), German tennis player
* Shelley Hack (born 1947), American model and actress
* Stan Hack (1909–1979), American Major League Baseball player and manager
* Wilton Hack (1843–1923), Australian artist, traveller, lecturer and utopist

## People with the given name

* Henry Hack Eibel (1893–1945), Major League Baseball utility player in the 1912 and 1920 seasons
* Hack Kampmann (1856–1920), Danish architect and professor of architecture

## People with the nickname

* David Hackworth (1930–2005), United States Army soldier and military journalist
* Hack Miller (1894–1971), American Major League Baseball player
* Hack Miller (catcher) (1913–1966), American Major League Baseball catcher
* Hack Schumann (1884–1946), American Major League Baseball pitcher
* Hack Simmons (1885–1942), American Major League Baseball player
* Hack Simpson (1909–1978), Canadian Olympic ice hockey player
* Hack Spencer (1885–1969), Major League Baseball pitcher in one game
* Hack Wilson (1900–1948), American Hall-of-Fame Major League Baseball player
# Noohani dynasty

The Noohani dynasty was a Pashtun dynasty in Bihar, India. It originated from Sikandar Khan Lodi's period of political shifts. As Sikandar Lodhi gained power, the Jaunpur governor fled to Bihar. Tirhut and Saran's zamindars opposed central rule. All this led Lodhi to invade Bihar. Sikandar Lodi defeated Shah Shargi and appointed Dariya Khan Noohani as Bihar's administrator, who remained Bihar administrator until his death in 1523. After his father's death, his son Bahar Khan Noohani became an administrator. In 1523, Bahar Khan Noohani succeeded the throne. He declared independence and took Sultan Mohammad's title. Ibrahim Khan Lodi invaded his later. Initially, the Delhi army won but later British travelers John Marshall and Bernier visited Patna, Bhagalpur, Munger, Hajipur, discussing their prosperity.
The Mughals' fight to annex Bihar begins with Ghaghar's battle between Babur and Sultan Mohammad in 1527 AD. The Noohani dynasty ended in 1532 AD when Mughal Emperor Humayun defeated Afghans in Doha Sarah. He assaulted Chunar Fort in Al 1531. After the creation of Pakistan some Noohani families also migrated to Pakistan and settled in various areas of Sindh province, also migrated to Iran.
# Węgierki Palace

Węgierki Palace - historic palace in Węgierki (Września County, Poland). Since 1974 national heritage site (Polish: zabytek).
The palace was built in the second half of the 19th century (around 1890) and has elements of neoclassical architecture. This building housed a library and a school. Today the building is divided into apartments. During 2011 and 2012 a renovation of the palace's facade was carried out.
There was a natural park, with an area of about 3.06 ha, established in the 19th century.

## Gallery

* Western side of palace
* Park next to the palace
* The front elevation

## Sources

* Franciszek Jaśkowiak, Województwo poznańskie - przewodnik, Warszawa 1967
# Debano massacre

vteTigray war :
The Debano massacre was a mass extrajudicial killing that took place in Debano (Tigrinya: ደባኖ) in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War, around 11 January 2021. Debano, also called Endabano, is a tabiya that belongs to woreda Kayeh Tehli, Central zone of Tigray.

## Massacre

The Amhara Region’s armed forces killed dozens of civilians in Debano (Central Tigray) on 11 January 2021. Debano comprises four villages, by decreasing order of importance: Sagla, Serawit, Daba Paulos, and Daba Tadios. Homesteads are scattered and population density is low. It is a hilly land with altitudes varying from 1416 to 1624 m a.s.l., on the southern banks of the Weri’i River; there are numerous bushlands. There was fighting in Debano between ENDF and TDF; the people fled to mountains near Weri’i River, away from the road.
Later that day, Kibrom was wounded while walking on a mine, and two of his friends were killed. Both Kibrom’s legs have been amputated.

## Perpetrators

Eyewitness and victim Kibrom interpreted the identity of the perpetrators as soldiers of Amhara Region’s special forces.

## Victims

The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation” mentions approximately 30 victims.

## Reactions

The “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation”, that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly regarding its Annex A, that lists massacres in the Tigray War.
After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, a joint investigation by OHCHR and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission was announced in March 2021.
# Heather Stewart

Heather Stewart (born 28 September 1976) is an English journalist who is a special correspondent for The Guardian. She was formerly political editor of The Guardian, and before that economics editor of The Observer and before that, The Observer's business editor.

## Early life and career

Stewart was born on 28 September 1976. She was educated at a state school and then studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at Magdalen College, Oxford, from 1995 to 1998. From 1998 to 2000, she undertook a BPhil in Philosophy at the same university. She joined HM Treasury in 2000 as a researcher.

## Career

In 2001, Stewart joined The Guardian as a junior reporter, later becoming business editor of The Observer, then its economics editor. She left the post of economics editor in December 2015. In January 2016, she became political editor of The Guardian in a job-share with Anushka Asthana.
Stewart presented a podcast, along with The Guardian's political correspondent Jessica Elgot, entitled The Guardian UK: Politics Weekly, in which she spoke to commentators and politicians.
On 25 February 2022, Stewart announced she would be leaving the role of political editor to become The Guardian's special correspondent. In the role, she will report on the British government's levelling up policy, as well as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and Brexit. She was replaced as political editor by Pippa Crerar.
# Tiffany (Image Comics)

Tiffany is a character in Todd McFarlane's Spawn comic book series. Created by Todd McFarlane and artist Tony Daniel, she first appeared in issue #44 (March 1996). Like fellow angel Angela, she is a Hellspawn hunter, whose primary target in the stories is the current Hellspawn, Al Simmons. She has a long-standing rivalry with Angela, but after Angela goes rogue, Tiffany's takes on the mission to fill her place as the top Hellspawn slayer in Heaven's army. In her first attempt to slay Spawn, she is over-zealous and is defeated in a grisly manner. Although she loses the fight, she escapes with her life, because the still inexperienced Spawn did not realize that merely destroying an angel's physical body is not enough to truly kill it. She has not appeared in the comic since.

## Costume

Tiffany's costume includes gauntlets that can be used to contact others with similar technology via a hinged screen, completely concealing it while in battle. Her right boot is wide at the base and tapering to the knee. From a brown leather belt dangles hooks and pouches. Tiffany wears a tight violet bikini.

## In other media

Tiffany (called Tiffany of the Amazoni) is a featured character in the online comic The Adventures of Spawn. In this animation-style reimagination of the Spawn mythos, Tiffany takes a much greater role in the story, being cited as one of Heaven's most illustrious and honored warriors.
Tiffany is a playable character in the video game Spawn: In the Demon's Hand, voiced by Alyson Court.
# Isabella Páez

Isabella Páez (born 29 August 1995) is a Venezuelan swimmer. She competed in the women's 200 metre butterfly event at the 2018 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m), in Hangzhou, China.
# Sachin Bhudia

Sachin Ramniklal Bhudia (born 24 September 1998) is a Kenyan cricketer. In December 2017, he was named as the captain of the Kenyan team for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
In October 2018, he was named in Kenya's squad for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Three tournament in Oman. He played in Kenya's opening fixture of the tournament, against Oman on 9 November 2018.
In May 2019, Bhudia was named in Kenya's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier tournament in Uganda. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut for Kenya against Uganda on 22 May 2019. In September 2019, he was named in Kenya's squad for the 2019 ICC T20 World Cup Qualifier tournament in the United Arab Emirates. In November 2019, he featured in the Kenyan team for the Cricket World Cup Challenge League B tournament in Oman. He made his List A debut against Jersey on 9 December 2019. In November 2022, Bhudia replaced Shem Ngoche as the captain of Kenya. He was named the captain of Kenyan team for the Africa Regional qualifier for 2024 T20I World Cup
# The Oath (Toobin book)

The Oath: The Obama White House and the Supreme Court is a 2012 book by Jeffrey Toobin describing the Roberts Court and President Obama's interactions with it. The book's title is a reference to the Oath of office of the president of the United States, and the incident that occurred when John Roberts misspoke while administering the oath to President Obama during his first inauguration.
# Ljubinić

Ljubinić is a village located in the municipality of Obrenovac, Belgrade, Serbia. As of 2011 census, it has a population of 774 inhabitants.
The settlement has been mentioned since before the First Serbian Uprising, and one of the most important residents of this village is Prince Vasa Velimirović, who was a member of the ruling Soviet from 1805. In the village there is a church, dedicated to the Holy Great Martyr Dimitri, built in 1936, on the initiative of the then church board. The elder of the village that year was Svetislav Babić together with parish priest Siniša Jovanović, who proposed the construction of a church from the contributions of the faithful. For students from the first to the fourth grade, there is an advanced department of the "Grabovac" elementary school in the village.
# Parc Omega

Parc Omega is a safari park in Notre-Dame-de-Bonsecours, Quebec, Canada (just north of Montebello). Along a 12-kilometre (7.5 mi) nature route are lakes, meadows, small valleys, forests, and rocky hills. It is home to many wildlife species including beaver, elk, raccoon, timber wolf, coyote, muskox, whitetail deer, mule deer, yellow bellied marmot, turtle, boar, red fox, Alpine ibex, caribou, black bear, wolverine, moose, wild turkey, cougar, canadian lynx, bobcat, eastern mole, american badger, american antelope and bison. During the summer there are shows featuring birds of prey especially bald eagles. The site also has a restaurant with a panoramic view, a gift shop with Indigenous crafts, a woodstove-heated yurt, and a small outdoor stage for performances. The park is open daily, year round.
The park is a drive-through experience, meaning visitors stay in their cars and drive at a slow speed through the park on a winding trail. They also offer three walking trails, playgrounds and picnic areas. The park runs two low-power FM radios stations that provide guidance and direction, in English and French. The complete experience takes about two to three hours.
Bags of carrots can be purchased at the visitors center at the start of the tour; these are fed to "safe" animals (elk, deer, etc.) throughout the tour, which come up to a visitor's car for treats.
# Carlos Santander

Carlos Santander (born May 25, 1975) is a Venezuelan former swimmer, who specialized in sprint and middle-distance freestyle events. He represented Venezuela in two editions of the Olympic Games (1996 and 2000), and also swam for the Fort Lauderdale Swim Team in Florida, while residing in the United States. During his college career, Santander trained for the NC State Wolfpack swimming and diving team, under head coach Beth Harrell, at North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Santander made his Olympic debut at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. There, he failed to reach the top 16 final in the 200 m freestyle, finishing in twenty-seventh place at 1:53.13. A member of the Venezuelan team, he also placed thirteenth in the 4×100 m freestyle relay (3:23.04), and eleventh in the 4×200 m freestyle relay (7:32.63).
At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Santander competed for the Venezuelan squad in the men's 4×100 m freestyle relay. Teaming with Oswaldo Quevedo, Francisco Páez, and Francisco Sánchez in heat two, Santander swam the lead-off leg and recorded a split of 51.28, but the Venezuelans finished the race in seventh place and seventeenth overall in a final time of 3:24.64.
# Qelem Wollega massacre

On July 4, 2022, alleged Oromo Liberation Army militants killed hundreds of civilians in Kelam Welega Zone, Oromia in Ethiopia. The massacre sparked condemnation from Ethiopian prime minister Abiy Ahmed, and was the second mass killing in Oromia region after the Gimbi massacre just a week prior. Qelem is also known as Kellem.

## Background

Following a resurgence in fighting during the Tigray War, the Oromo Liberation Army aligned themselves with the Tigray People's Liberation Front to establish a new Ethiopian government against Abiy Ahmed. In Oromia, clashes between the OLA and Ethiopia intensified in the weeks preceding the massacre, although the Ethiopian government stated five days before the massacre that "Kelem Welega, West Welega, and Horo Gudru Welega zones were fully under the control of the integrated security force." Just two days before, however, OLA militants killed over four hundred Amhara civilians in Gimbi.
Prior to the massacre, local Amhara officials requested aid from the Hawa Gelana Woreda administration, although none arrived.

## Massacre

According to eyewitness, the massacre began at 11:30 PM on July 3, when OLA troops entered an Amhara-populated village known as Village 20. Local militias did not respond to the incident because shootings and clashes were commonplace in the area, and residents believed the gunfire was normal. When villagers awoke, many of the bodies were of children, women, and the elderly. Residents stated that people in Village 20 were marched out to the forest and were bombed, leaving no survivors. Amhara civilians were selectively targeted from the village.
The Amhara Association of America claimed the attack took place with three groups of militants - the first group came with machine guns and provided security for the other two groups, the second group were the executioners of civilians, and the third group "engaged in looting and property destruction." Between 140 and 200 Amhara civilians from Village 20 were killed, with the highest toll being 223. Survivors from Village 20 stated that "hundreds" of prisoners were taken by the OLA, some of which were executed while marching to Village 21.
While at the predominantly-Oromo Village 21, eighty-five Amhara civilians were killed. Some of the prisoners the OLA took included district and administration officials, humanitarian workers, and other civilians. The Oromo Special Forces could not confirm their health status.

## Aftermath and Reactions

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed stated that "Citizens in Oromia region, Kelem Welega zone, have been massacred." immediately following the attacks, with no specifics.
Civilians speaking to BBC stated that during the attack, no Ethiopian special forces arrived on scene until 6:00 AM, although they were stationed just 20 kilometers away. The Ethiopian army and local government forces did not arrive until 8:00 AM, although "no action was taken". Oromia Special Forces and the Hawa Gelana administration restricted civilians from photographing the massacre, and telecommunications remained defunct in the town for a week afterward.
# Battle of Bubiyan

The Battle of Bubiyan (also known as the Bubiyan Turkey Shoot) was a naval engagement of the Gulf War that occurred in the waters between Bubiyan Island and the Shatt al-Arab marshlands, where the bulk of the Iraqi Navy, which was attempting to flee to Iran, much like the Iraqi Air Force, was engaged and destroyed by Coalition warships and aircraft.

## History

The battle was completely one-sided. Lynx helicopters of the British Royal Navy, using Sea Skua missiles, were responsible for destroying 14 vessels (3 minesweepers, 1 minelayer, 3 TNC 45 Fast Attack Craft, 2 Zhuk-class patrol boats, 2 Polnocny-class landing ships, 2 salvage vessels, 1 Type 43 minelayer, and 1 other vessel) during the battle. The battle saw 21 separate engagements over a course of 13 hours. A total of 21 of the 22 ships that attempted to escape were destroyed.
A Canadian CF-18 Hornet fighter recorded an official victory at the beginning of the battle against the Iraqi Navy.
Also related to the Bubiyan action was the Battle of Khafji in which Saddam Hussein sent an amphibious assault to Khafji to reinforce the city against the Coalition attack. That too was spotted by the Coalition naval forces and subsequently destroyed.
The last action of the Iraqi Navy was to fire a Silkworm missile from an inland launcher at the battleship USS Missouri. It was intercepted mid-flight by a Sea Dart missile from the British destroyer HMS Gloucester and successfully destroyed. That marked the first time that a ship-launched anti-air missile intercepted an incoming enemy missile in combat at sea.
After the Bubiyan action, the Iraqi Navy ceased to exist as a fighting force at all, which left Iraq with very few ships, all in poor condition.