OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1967 Mudurnu earthquake

The 1967 Mudurnu earthquake or more correctly, the 1967 Mudurnu Valley earthquake occurred at about 18:57 local time on 22 July near Mudurnu, Bolu Province, north-western Turkey. The magnitude 7.4 M$_w$ earthquake (but only 6.0 on the mb scale.) was one of a series of major and intermediate quakes that have occurred in modern times along the North Anatolian Fault since 1939.

## Earthquake

Although the Mudurnu Valley earthquake was relatively strong, there were only 86 fatalities, with 332 people injured. About 5,200 houses were destroyed or damaged beyond repair; some 900 of these were in Adapazarı at the far western end of the fault zone, and many collapsed completely as a result of aftershocks.

### Intensity

The authors of the 1968 UNESCO report into the Mudurnu Valley earthquake, with Nicholas Ambraseys as its first author, felt that its Mercalli intensity was difficult to estimate accurately. In some places an implied level of XII (Extreme) was evident, whereas the vibrational effects were nearer VIII–IX (Severe–Violent). Although a large number of sites were independently assessed by up to six observers, variations of up to four degrees of the Mercalli scale indicated that an accurate figure was practically impossible to gauge. A 1988 paper authored by Ambraseys lists the event with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme).

### Damage

Considering the large surface-wave magnitude (7.1) and widespread surface rupturing, structural damage to buildings was surprisingly small; variations in damage were related to the materials used and construction method of individual buildings, rather than the proximity to the fault break. Some villages suffered 70% destruction of property, while others nearby with fault lines running right through them had only a few houses damaged.

### Surface rupture

The surface rupture zone, which was between 1–4 kilometres (0.62–2.49 mi) wide, stretched some 80 km (50 mi) from to Lake Abant (Turkish: Abant Gölü) to Sapanca in an East–West direction, generally following the course of the Mudurnu River until it flows north near Lake Sapanca. The earthquake is named after the river valley, not the town of Mudurnu itself, which is some distance south of the river and outside the rupture zone.

### Aftershocks

A number of small aftershocks occurred, mostly towards the westward end of the fault zone; its eastern end overlapped the rupture zone of the previous M7.1 1957 Abant earthquake with a similar epicentre, by about 25 km (16 mi).
# Caribou River (Minnesota)

The Caribou River is a 15.0-mile-long (24.1 km) river in northern Minnesota, the United States. It rises in a swamp about .6 miles (1 km) south of Morris Lake and two miles (3.2 km) east of Echo Lake, near the Lake/Cook County line, at an altitude about 1620 feet (494 m) above sea level. It descends some 1,020 (311 m.) feet in elevation as it flows south to its mouth at Lake Superior, also near the eastern border of Lake County.

## Habitat

The Caribou River is a designated trout stream with populations of brook and rainbow trout.
# Hengchun Peninsula

Hengchun Peninsula (Chinese: 恆春半島) is located in Pingtung County, Taiwan, and is named after Hengchun Township. It is the southernmost part of Taiwan. The Hengchun Peninsula is surrounded by the sea on three sides: the Taiwan Strait to the west, the Bashi Channel to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the east. Only the northern end of the peninsula connects to the main island of Taiwan. Due to the maritime influence, the climate is moderated by the sea's moisture. The peninsula's terrain is mostly below 800 meters in height, a result of the steep descent from the Central Mountain Range, allowing sea breezes to pass through easily. These environmental factors distinguish it from the main island of Taiwan.
The Hengchun Peninsula is also a popular tourist destination, known for Kenting National Park. However, due to its geographic location and terrain, it is often affected by typhoons.

## Range

To the west, the boundary is marked by Fangliao, proceeding upstream along Linbian River (Lili River to Yishan), following the eastern slope of Mount Dawu (the potential boundary where cypress forests are distributed, which is the lower limit of mid-altitude vegetation), and then eastward to follow the Zhiben River to Zhiben.
# Brajkishore Prasad

Brajkishore Prasad (1877–1946) was a lawyer inspired by Mohandas Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement.

## Early life and education

Born in a Kayastha family in Srinagar, Siwan district, Prasad gained his early education in Chhapra and Patna before moving to Presidency College in Calcutta, where he completed his legal training.
He married Phuljhari Devi. He set up a legal practise in Darbhanga and had two sons, Vishwa Nath and Shiv Nath Prasad, more commonly known as SN Prasad, and two daughters, Prabhavati Devi and Vidyawati.

## Career

He met with Mahatma Gandhi in 1915 and was inspired. He decided to get involved full-time in the freedom struggle and gave up his legal practice. He was instrumental in Gandhi taking up the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, in which Gandhi handpicked Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha along with him to successfully lead the movement. Gandhi was so impressed by Prasad's dedication that he set aside a full chapter on him in his autobiographical book, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, called "The Gentle Bihari".
Prasad remained at the forefront of the freedom struggle in Bihar, and his collaboration with several colleagues was instrumental in the setting up of the Bihar Vidyapeeth. For the last ten years of his life he was severely infirmed, and died in 1946.
The National Book Trust, India, recently published a biography titled Braja Kishore Prasad: The Hero of Many Battles, authored by Sachidanand Sinha..
# Olle Martinsson

Olle Martinsson (21 March 1944 – 22 February 2021) was a Swedish ski jumper. He competed in the normal hill and large hill events at the 1964 Winter Olympics.
# Boulder Geomagnetic Observatory

40°08′15″N 105°14′16″W﻿ / ﻿40.137558°N 105.237875°W﻿ / 40.137558; -105.237875 Boulder Geomagnetic Observatory (BOU) is a geomagnetic observation facility operated by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). It is located near Boulder, Colorado at 40°08′15″N 105°14′16″W﻿ / ﻿40.137558°N 105.237875°W﻿ / 40.137558; -105.237875. The site was established in 1961.
Customers of the observatory include the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) and the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA).

## Instruments

* A magnetometer
* A solar proton sensor
# Kensington Temple

Kensington Temple is a Pentecostal Church in the Notting Hill area of London, England. It is the largest church in its denomination, the Elim Pentecostal Church.

## History

The present church building was founded as Horbury Chapel, and used by the Hornton Street Congregational church, Notting Hill, in 1849. The building was purchased in 1930 by George Jeffreys. who, in 1935, renamed it as Kensington Temple, Church of the Foursquare Gospel, becoming Elim's flagship church. It was held in trust for Elim by Robert Darragh and James McWhirter, but when Jeffreys resigned from Elim the trustees refused to return the building to the Elim Executive Council, who were reluctant to go to law, and it, along with some other Elim churches, became part of the Bible-Pattern Church Fellowship that Jeffreys established.$^{:379,426}$ This situation persisted until Robert Darragh and George Jeffreys had died, after which the sole trustee agreed to sell the building back to Elim, despite objections from Bible-Pattern ministers.$^{:85}$
The church as it is known today was founded in 1965 by the Elim minister Rev. Eldin Corsie. Under his ministry in the late 1960s–1970s the congregation grew to 600, and then to several thousand under Rev. Wynne Lewis (later to become the Elim Church's General Superintendent) during the 1980s.
Since the 1980s, nicknamed by members of the church as 'KT', Kensington Temple has planted 150 churches across London. Today, the wider Kensington Temple London City Church Network includes 26 Network Churches located across Greater London. Over the years, many churches KT has planted have opted to become independent churches or to have an official status as a self-standing Elim church.
In 2000, Kensington Temple began to transition into a cell church, and today it has hundreds of cell groups meeting weekly across London. The same year, KT moved its offices from Tabernacle, an ex-BBC warehouse in North Acton, to Monarch House in North Acton. In 2005, the church moved its offices to Summit House, Hanger Lane, London. Over the years, Kensington Temple has held some of their annual events in large premier venues and conference centres in London including; Royal Albert Hall, Westminster Central Hall, Wembley Conference Centre and Wembley Arena.
Each week, thousands of people attend services in Kensington Temple. The church continues to hold services in Notting Hill, as well as running a Bible School, online learning, rooms to let, a bookshop and a publishing company; Dovewell Communications.

## Theology and ministry

Kensington Temple's theology is Pentecostal, emphasizing the work of the Holy Spirit in the life of the church and individuals.
The emphasis of ministry at KT is to equip all Christians to follow Jesus Christ and to grow both individually and collectively to be like him. Much of this equipping happens through cells, small groups that gather throughout the city. During the week, cell groups provide pastoral care, support and training for church members.
The overarching mission is London and the World for Christ.
# Bradford Beach

Bradford Beach is a public beach in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. The beach which was constructed in the 1920s is part of Lake Park; a mile (1.6 km)-long park on a bluff above Lake Michigan. Lake Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 22, 1993.

## Design

Bradford Beach falls within Lake Park which was designed in the late 19th century by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, who also designed Central Park in New York City.
The beach is wheelchair accessible. In 2021 the rising water of Lake Michigan has shrunk the width of the beach.

## History

In the 1920s, the beach was created by filling in swampy areas near Lake Michigan. It has been Milwaukee's most popular beach. On the beach near the road, there is a historic bathhouse. The Bathhouse was built in 1949 and includes a walkway above Lincoln Memorial Drive. The Wisconsin Historical Society surveyed it in 2011.
One local resident who patronized the beach was a man named Dick Bacon. Bacon was known to work on his sun tan in the middle of winter at Bradford Beach.
# Vlasic Pickles

Vlasic is an American brand of pickles that is currently owned by Conagra Brands. Since its introduction in 1942, it has become one of the most popular pickle brands in the United States.

## History

Franjo "Frank" Vlašić, a Bosnian Croat, emigrated from Livno, Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the time part of Austria-Hungary, to Detroit, Michigan in 1912 and started a small creamery with savings from his factory job. His son Joseph acquired a milk route in 1922, which eventually grew into the state's largest dairy distributor. In 1937, Vlasic was approached to distribute a home-style pickle, later marketing their fresh-packed pickle in glass jars. Its first plant was built in Imlay City, Michigan. The business rapidly expanded in the post-war years, corresponding with growth in per capita pickle consumption.
A child-bearing stork was introduced as a mascot in 1974, merging the stork baby mythology with the notion that pregnant women have an above average appetite for pickles. Vlasic marketed themselves as "the pickle pregnant women crave...after all, who's a better pickle expert?" The modern Vlasic Stork speaks in a style reminiscent of Groucho Marx and holds a pickle like a cigar. The original voice was Ron Masak, since replaced by Doug Preis.
Vlasic Pickles was sold to Campbell Soup Company in 1978. It was spun off to Vlasic Foods International on March 30, 1998.
On April 13, 1999, the company introduced the Vlasic Hamburger Stackers, made from naturally grown but specially cultivated cucumbers sixteen inches (41 cm) long and over three inches (7.6 cm) in diameter, which enabled a single pickle chip to cover an entire hamburger.
In early 2001, the company voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and its pickle and barbecue sauce units were initially planned to be sold to H. J. Heinz. By April of 2001, the company had backed out of the deal and was looking into other offers.
Vlasic is owned by Pinnacle Foods, a subsidiary of Conagra Brands, since its name change in 2001. The Vlasic Stork was shown in "Icons", a MasterCard commercial during Super Bowl XXXIX in 2005 where he and many other famous advertising icons from food and cleaning equipment are shown having dinner together.
On April 10, 2019 at the Conagra Brands Investor Day event, Tom McGough, Conagra Co-Chief Operating Officer, announced that Vlasic Pickle Chips, made from vacuum-fried pickles, were in development.
The cucumbers used in Vlasic pickles are grown in Michigan, including the cities of Mount Pleasant and Kalamazoo, and processed at its plant in Imlay City, Michigan.
# Sulayman Bojang

Sulayman Bojang (born 3 September 1997) is a professional footballer who plays for Skeid. Born in Norway, he represents Gambia internationally.

## Club career

On 13 August 2018, Sarpsborg 08 announced the signing of Bojang, from Skeid on a 3.5-year contract.

## International career

In June 2019, Bojang was selected for the Gambian national football team and got his debut for the country on 8 June 2019 against Guinea, which they won 1-0 with Bojang on the left back for the whole game. He played his second game four days later against Morocco.

### Career statistics

    As of match played 28 August 2021
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Skeid | 2017 | 2. divisjon | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 4 | 0 |
| Skeid | 2018 | 2. divisjon | 15 | 0 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 17 | 0 |
| Skeid | Total | Total | 19 | 0 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 21 | 0 |
| Sarpsborg 08 | 2018 | Eliteserien | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 0 |
| Sarpsborg 08 | 2020 | Eliteserien | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 24 | 0 |
| Sarpsborg 08 | 2021 | Eliteserien | 10 | 0 | 2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 12 | 0 |
| Sarpsborg 08 | Total | Total | 35 | 0 | 4 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 39 | 0 |
| Kongsvinger (loan) | 2019 | OBOS-ligaen | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 11 | 0 |
| Kongsvinger (loan) | Total | Total | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 11 | 0 |
| Haugesund | 2021 | Eliteserien | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| Haugesund | Total | Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 65 | 0 | 7 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 72 | 0 |
# 1954 Zagreb tram accident

On 31 October 1954, in Zagreb, Croatia, a tram accident happened on Mirogoj Road, a steep road leading from Medveščak Street to Mirogoj Cemetery. A tram lost control during descent and crashed, killing 19 passengers, while 37 were injured, making this one of the worst tram accidents in the world.

## Events

This was not the first tram accident on the Mirogoj Road. Several tram derailments happened in the years prior to the 1954 accident. In 1952, seven people were killed.
At 8:30 in the morning, the M-24 tram left garage no. 21 traveling on line 13 which was, at the time, the relation between Mirogoj and Šoštarićeva Street (several hundred metres east of Ban Jelačić Square). The tram traveled downhill from Mirogoj towards the intersection Gupčeva Zvijezda. About 60 people had boarded the tram at Mirogoj, having been to the cemetery in preparation of All Saints' Day. The driver released the parking brake and started to descend the hill. Upon reaching the first curve, he attempted to apply the track brake to no effect. He then used the emergency brake, which releases sand onto the tracks in order to increase friction, but the tram was going too fast to stop. It continued to pick up speed until the last curve, near Gupčeva Zvijezda, where it derailed, rolled over and skidded 40 metres (130 ft) into a street light, uprooting and dragging along several trees in the process. The tram's speed was estimated at 80 km/h (50 mph), five times the speed limit.
People waiting for the tram at the nearby stop provided first aid, along with doctors and nurses from a nearby hospital, while stopped car and taxi drivers drove the injured to hospitals. The department for blood transfusion did not work on Sundays at the time, but opened to accept the tram passengers.
During the investigation that followed, it was discovered that the tram was involved in another accident earlier that day, where it had hit a horse carriage, but later continued towards Mirogoj. A smaller-than-expected amount of sand was recovered on Mirogoj Road, which might have been due to the earlier accident.
Tram traffic was suspended indefinitely along Mirogoj Road as a result of the accident. It was reinstated in 1964, the trams equipped with four types of brakes this time, and suspended again on 15 May 1967 to be replaced with buses. The tracks were removed in 1970s.
# Jayden Lennox

Jayden Richard Lennox (born 14 December 1994) is a New Zealand cricketer. He made his List A debut on 17 November 2019, for Central Districts in the 2019–20 Ford Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 4 January 2021, for Central Districts in the 2020–21 Super Smash. He made his first-class debut on 19 March 2021, for Central Districts in the 2020–21 Plunket Shield season.
# Insulin icodec

Insulin icodec, sold under the brand name Awiqli, is a medication used for the treatment of diabetes to improve glycemic control. It is an ultralong-acting basal insulin analogue that is developed by Novo Nordisk.
It has a plasma half-life more than eight days (compared to 25 hours of the previous longest-acting insulin analogue insulin degludec), making it a once-weekly basal insulin.
Like insulin, icodec is composed of two peptide chains linked by a disulfide bridge. However, a C20 fatty diacid-containing side chain has been added for strong, reversible albumin binding; and three amino acid substitutions provide molecular stability and attenuate insulin receptor binding and clearance. Together, these modifications prolong the half-life.

## Society and culture
### Legal status

Insulin icodec was approved for medical use in Canada in March 2024.
In March 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Awiqli, intended for the treatment of diabetes. The applicant for this medicinal product is Novo Nordisk A/S. Insulin icodec was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2024.

### Names

Insulin icodec is the international nonproprietary name.

## Research

Based on a clinical trial, glycemic control was found to be non-inferior with once-weekly insulin icodec compared with once-daily insulin glargine U100.
# Doug Mills (photographer)

Doug Mills (born 1960) is an American photographer who has covered the White House since 1983. He began working for The New York Times in 2002, having previously been the chief photographer for The Associated Press in Washington, in which capacity he won two Pulitzer prizes for team coverage. As of February 2019, he is a board member of the White House Correspondents' Association.

## Early life

Mills was born in Greensboro, North Carolina in 1960. He studied at Northern Virginia Community College.

## Career

Mills worked in the Washington, D.C. office of United Press International, the Associated Press, and The New York Times. Previously, he worked at a newspaper in Virginia. In 1993, he won a Pulitzer Prize for photography for covering the Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign. He won a second Pulitzer Prize for AP's coverage of the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal. It has been reported that Mills was the first photographer—in 2001—to use a remote camera to photograph presidents.
Mills won multiple awards at the "2021 Eyes of History Still Contest" of The White House News Photographers Association. His awards included Photographer of the Year and Political Photo of the Year (for a photo of then U.S. President Donald J. Trump leaving Air Force One during a lightning storm). Trump called Mills the "No. 1 photographer in the world." Of the seven U.S. presidents Mills covered, he considered Barack Obama the most "photogenic" and Trump the most "iconic."
In 2022, Mills covered his 16th Olympic Games.
   All of a sudden, there was what I thought were three or four loud pops. At first I thought it was a car. The last thing I thought was it was a gun.
   I kept taking pictures. He went down behind the lectern, and I thought, "Oh my God, something's happened."
   I've never been in a more horrific scene. As much as I've covered presidents for 35 to 40 years, it's not something I ever wanted to witness.
On the 13th of July, 2024, Mills took a world-famous photograph during the assassination attempt of the 45th President of the USA, Donald J. Trump, capturing one of the bullets whizzing millimetres away from his head. The New York Times article's expert considered the photo as 'a one in a million shot and nearly impossible to catch even if one knew the bullet was coming'.
# Michele Thoren Bond

Michele Thoren Bond (born 1953) is a retired U.S. diplomat and former Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs at the U.S. Department of State.

## Early life and education

Ambassador Bond grew up in Washington, D.C. She earned a bachelor's degree from Wellesley College, and master's degrees from Georgetown University and the National War College.

## Career

Ambassador Bond joined the U.S. Foreign Service in 1977. As a Foreign Service Officer, she has served in Guatemala City, Belgrade, Stockholm, Prague, Moscow, and Amsterdam. She also served as U.S. ambassador to Lesotho from October 28, 2010 to December 4, 2012 under the Obama administration. In April 2014, she became Acting Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs. In September 2014, President Barack Obama nominated Ambassador Bond to become Assistant Secretary, and she was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in August 2015. https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/231694.htm

## Personal life

Ambassador Bond is married to Clifford G. Bond, a retired Foreign Service Officer and former U.S. ambassador to Bosnia-Herzegovina. They have four children.