OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ivan Olshansky

Ivan Olshanski or Olshansky (died in or after 1402) was a member of the Lithuanian princely Alšėniškiai (Holshansky) family. Historians only know his father's name, Algimantas. Ivan was a faithful companion of Vytautas the Great, Grand Duke of Lithuania. They both were married to daughters of Sudimantas of Eišiškės. Ivan's daughter Juliana became the third wife of Vytautas in 1418. His granddaughter Sophia became the fourth wife of King Władysław Jagiełło in 1424.
His patrimony consisted of Halshany, Iwye, Hlusk, Porechye and others.

## Biography

Ivan first appears as one of Jogaila's boyars during the truce between Lithuanian princes and the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1379. Then he was present during the signing of a treaty of Dovydiškės in 1380. When Vytautas escaped to the Teutonic Knights in 1382, Ivan followed him and Jogaila confiscated his Principality of Alšėnai. However, as Vytautas and Jogaila reconciled few years later, Ivan gifted Jogaila with a golden belt and received his principality back. Ivan followed Vytautas when he escaped to the knights once again in 1390 during the Lithuanian Civil War. In late 1390, Ivan escorted Sophia, the only child of Vytautas, to Moscow via Marienburg, Danzig and Pskov, where she married Vasily I of Moscow. After Vytautas gained a powerful ally in the east, Jogaila agreed to make peace and Treaty of Astravas was signed in 1392. Ivan became the right hand of Vytautas, and after Skirgailas death, he ruled Kiev as governor.
Knowing the influence Ivan had in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Teutonic Order demanded that Ivan Holshansky ratified treaties, for example the Treaty of Salynas of 1398. He and his sons signed the Pact of Vilnius and Radom in 1401. On 12 February 1401 in Merkinė he swore allegiance to Jogaila (King Władysław), and the Polish Crown in the event of the death of Grand Duke Vytautas. On each of these occasions he appears without the title of the ruler of Kiev, so it is possible that his reign there was short and ended already before 1398. The allegiance to king Władysław was the last documented mention of him, and it is believed that he died in the same year or shortly after.

## Religion

He was a Ruthenianized Orthodox Christian. At his baptism he took the name Boris. His father Algimantas (Polish: Olgimunt) was baptised in the Orthodox faith under the name of Michael, during his rite of tonsure he received the name of Euthymius.

## Family

Ivan's wife was Agrypina, daughter of Prince of Smolensk Sviatoslav Ivanovich, possible sister of Anna, wife of Grand Duke Vytautas. They had four sons: Andrew, Semen, Aleksander and Michael, and daughter Uliana, married first to Prince of Karachev later to Grand Duke Vytautas.

## Mentions in document

* 1379: Iwan Augemunten son
* 1390: herczog Iwan von Galschan Ongemundes son
* 1398: Iwanen Awmunten son
* 1398: dux Ywan de Gloschaw
* 1401: dux Yvanus Olgimuntis cum filiis suis videlicet Andrea et Semeone et ceteris
* 1401: knjazь Iwan Olkimontowicz (latinisation of the original ruthenian text)
# Siege of Santo Domingo of 1808

The siege of Santo Domingo (1808) (Spanish: Sitio de Santo Domingo de 1808) was the second and final major battle of the Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo and was fought between November 7, 1808 and July 11, 1809 at Santo Domingo, Captaincy General of Santo Domingo. A force of Dominican and Puerto Rican of 1,850 troops led by Gen. Juan Sánchez Ramírez, with a naval blockaded by British Commander Hugh Lyle Carmichael, besieged and captured the city of Santo Domingo after an 8 months garrisoning of 2,000 troops of the French Army led by General Joseph-David de Barquier.

## Background

Upon hearing the news of Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808, Juan Sánchez Ramírez launched a war against the French troops who were nominally controlling the island. After some initial defeats, the loyalists managed a key victory in November, in the Battle of Palo Hincado, where Sánchez Ramírez's 2,000 soldiers overwhelmed Gen. Jean-Louis Ferrand's 600. There, with his numbers diminished owing to the desertion of Dominicans, the French commander faced certain defeat.
Ferrand's pride was so wounded that he killed himself after the defeat. This would not stop the French, however, and General Joseph-David de Barquier took over the fight. He resorted to enlisting Dominican slaves to fight against Sánchez Ramírez. Only with the help of the British Jamaicans could the loyalists expel the French, an event that would finally come to pass in 1809, the year in which British gunships fired into Santo Domingo, prompting Barquier to surrender the island.
# Laurence Godfrey

Laurence or Lawrence Godfrey may refer to:
* Laurence Godfrey (physicist) (born 1952), physicist, expert evidence in Internet-related litigation and litigant in Godfrey v. Demon
* Larry Godfrey (Laurence Paul Godfrey, born 1976), Olympic archer
* Lawrence Godfrey (Shortland Street)
# Orkel

Orkel AS is a Norwegian company that produces heavy machinery. Orkel is located in Orkland Municipality, in close vicinity to Trondheim. The company was established in 1949 by Johan Gjønnes. It is one of the largest industrial companies in the county of Trøndelag. Orkel is, together with Kverneland Group among the largest producers machinery in Norway.
The main product in the international market is the Compactor. Orkel exports the compactor to more than 40 countries.
The company is one of the biggest manufacturers in its segment in Norway
# Marco Dino Brogi

Marco Dino Brogi, O.F.M. (12 March 1932 – 29 November 2020) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the Roman Curia and in diplomatic service of the Holy See.

## Biography

Brogi was born in Egypt and was a Latin-rite Catholic. He was ordained a priest on 5 May 1963.
He was working as undersecretary in the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, when Pope John Paul II named Brogi titular archbishop of Città Ducale, Apostolic Nuncio to Sudan, and Apostolic Delegate to Somalia on 13 December 1997.
John Paul named him Apostolic Nuncio to Egypt and Apostolic Delegate to the Arab League on 5 February 2002.
Brogi ended his service as Nuncio on 27 January 2006 when he was named a Consultor with the Secretariat of State by Pope Benedict XVI. Benedict named him a Consultor to the Congregation for the Oriental Churches as well on 15 September 2007.
He died from COVID-19 in Florence on 29 November 2020, at age 88, amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.
# 2023 Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization Summit

The 2023 Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization Summit, also known as the 2023 Amazon countries summit or the 2023 Amazon Summit, was a multilateral event which took place from 8 to 9, August 2023 in the Brazilian city of Belém. Member countries of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO), whose headquarters are in Brazil, attended the summit to discuss regional cooperation in the Amazon basin regarding environment, security, economy and development, among other topics.
Companies, civic associations including indigenous ones, non-governmental organizations and non-ACTO member countries were invited by host Brazil to take part in the discussions.

## Background

The last such summit had been in 2009 during the first presidency of Lula da Silva. Following years of international isolation in environmental matters under the presidency of Jair Bolsonaro during which environment policies were either loosened or scrapped, and disasters such as the 2019 Northeast Brazil oil spill and the Yanomami humanitarian crisis took place, Brazil sought to restore and update its environmental standards alongside regional and international partners from the beginning of the second presidency of Lula da Silva.
Regionally, the summit is pointed out by policymakers and movements as an important forum to discuss illegal deforestation and underling issues affecting the Amazon, such illegal migration, human trafficking, drugs trafficking, precious metals smuggling, wildlife trafficking, oil drilling and others. Governments and organizations also see the summit as an opportunity for developing countries to share their technologies and to unify and mutually support their strategies for climate justice in the international context, ahead of the COP28 and other negotiations.

## Attendees

The ACTO member states are Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Their leaders were all invited to attend the summit. Five countries sent their Head of State, the exceptions being Ecuador, Suriname and Venezuela (the latter being represented by the Vice-President Delcy Rodríguez).
Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo and Indonesia, which host the Congo basin and the Borneo and Sumatra rainforests respectively, were invited. France, due to the location of its French Guiana overseas department in the Amazon, was also invited as were the Amazon Fund donors Norway and Germany. International organizations, including FAO, CELAC, UNDP and the NDB, were likewise invited to participate.

## Outcomes

* The eight Amazon nations failed to agree on a common goal for ending deforestation.
* Brazil has announced its plan to eliminate deforestation by 2030.
* Bolivia and Venezuela are the only Amazon countries not to sign onto a 2021 anti-deforestation agreement.
# 2026 UEFA European Under-17 Championship

The 2026 UEFA European Under-17 Championship will be the 23rd edition of the UEFA European Under-17 Championship (42nd edition if the Under-16 era is also included), the annual international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the men's under-17 national teams of Europe. Estonia, which were selected by UEFA on 26 September 2023, will host the tournament.
A total of eight teams will play in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2009 eligible to participate.
The tournament and its qualification will act as the UEFA qualifiers for the FIFA U-17 World Cup. The top teams will qualify for the 2026 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Qatar as the UEFA representatives.

## Qualification
### Qualified teams

The following teams qualified for the final tournament.
Note: All appearance statistics include only U-17 era (since 2002).
| Team | Method of qualification | Finals appearance | Last appearance | Previous best performance |
| Estonia | Hosts | 1st | Debut | – |

## Venues

The tournament will be hosted in 4 venues.
| Tallinn | Tallinn | TallinnRakvere | Tallinn | Rakvere |
| Lilleküla Stadium | Kalevi Keskstaadion | TallinnRakvere | Kadriorg Stadium | Rakvere Stadium |
| Capacity: 14,336 | Capacity: 12,000 | TallinnRakvere | Capacity: 5,000 | Capacity: 1,785 |

## Group stage

The group winners and runners-up advanced to the semi-finals.
* Tie-breaking criteria for group play
* The ranking of teams in the group stage is determined as follows:
* Points obtained in all group matches;
* Points in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
* Goal difference in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
* Goals scored in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
* If more than two teams are tied, and after applying all head-to-head criteria above, a subset of teams are still tied, all head-to-head criteria above are reapplied exclusively to this subset of teams;
* Goal difference in all group matches;
* Goals scored in all group matches;
* Penalty shoot-out if only two teams have the same number of points, and they met in the last round of the group and are tied after applying all criteria above (not used if more than two teams have the same number of points, or if their rankings are not relevant for qualification for the next stage);
* Disciplinary points Yellow card: −1 point;Indirect red card (second yellow card): −3 points;Direct red card: −3 points;
* UEFA coefficient for the qualifying round draw;
* Drawing of lots.

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Estonia (H) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Knockout stage |
| 2 | A2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Knockout stage |
| 3 | A3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | A4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | B1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Knockout stage |
| 2 | B2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Knockout stage |
| 3 | B3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | B4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
# Hedi Beeler

Hedi Beeler (born 20 November 1931) is a Swiss alpine skier. She competed in three events at the 1956 Winter Olympics.
# Clarks River

The Clarks River, named for William Clark of the 1804-1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition, is a 66.7-mile-long (107.3 km) tributary of the Tennessee River in the Jackson Purchase region of western Kentucky. Below the West Fork Clarks River, the river has a mean annual discharge of 368 cubic feet per second. This figure is obtained by combining the average discharge of the Clarks River at Benton, and the average discharge of the West Fork at Brewers.

## Two forks

For the greater part of its length, it consists of two parallel forks of approximately equal size, the East Fork and the West Fork. The East Fork, shown on federal maps as the main stem of the river, begins south of Murray near the community of Puryear in Henry County, Tennessee and is paralleled by the Paducah, Tennessee and Alabama Railroad. The West Fork begins about 4 miles (6 km) west of Murray near the intersection of Jones-Sparkman and Butterworth Roads in Calloway County and flows through Kaler and Symsonia in Graves County before joining with the East Fork at Oaks Station in McCracken County.

## Artifacts

The Clarks River streams from Murray in Calloway County through Benton in Marshall County and ends in Paducah (McCracken County), where the mouth of the river intersects with the Tennessee River just before the Tennessee River joins the Ohio River. This river is full of wildlife including the venomous water moccasin snake. Documented evidence states that many Native American encampments and Indian tribes camped and lived along its banks. To this day artifacts have been found including spearheads, arrowheads and pottery.
The river is the namesake of Clarks River Road in Paducah.
# Stark Street Bridge

The Stark Street Bridge is a 277-foot (84 m) steel truss bridge spanning the Sandy River two miles east of Troutdale, Oregon. The bridge connects Southeast Stark Street with the Historic Columbia River Highway and is one of only two western entrances to the highway. Karl Billner, who was awarded the Frank P. Brown Medal by the Franklin Institute in 1947, designed the bridge, supervised by State Bridge Engineer Charles H. Purcell. Samuel C. Lancaster provided overall supervision during construction.

## Description

In his 1914 report, Oregon State Highway Engineer Henry Bowlby described the new bridge as follows:
   Located two miles from Troutdale, Oregon, over Sandy River, near the Portland Automobile Club House. This bridge replaces an old wooden structure which fell on Good Roads' Day, April 25, 1914, dropping a 5-ton auto truck into the river. Consists of one 200-foot riveted, through, Pratt, camel back steel span, and one 77-foot Warren pony, riveted steel span, with reinforced concrete slab floor, and creosoted wood block pavement. Clearance above low water, 35 feet. Bitumen-filled expansion joints are provided in concrete slab over each floor beam. Clear roadway, 20 feet. Live load, four 20-ton trucks in line, with two 20-ton trucks passing. River pier, 36 feet high above base, of the diamond shaft, solid web type, of reinforced concrete...
   Price of bridge, completed, $21,042.40. George H. Griffin, contractor. Will be completed, January 10, 1915.
# Elijah Sindelar

Elijah S. Sindelar (born June 27, 1996) is an American former college football quarterback. He played for the Purdue Boilermakers.

## High school career

Sindelar attended Caldwell County High School in Princeton, Kentucky. Sindelar started at quarterback for all four years of his high school career, throwing for 5,654 yards and 51 touchdowns in his first two seasons. As a junior, Sindelar threw for 3,374 yards and 44 touchdowns. As a senior, he threw for 3,609 yards and 49 touchdowns, being named the Gatorade Kentucky Football Player of the Year and Kentucky Mr. Football. Sindelar committed to play college football at Purdue University over offers from Kentucky and Ole Miss.

## College career

In his first year on campus in 2015, Sindelar redshirted. The following season, he played exclusively as a reserve, before being named the starting quarterback for Purdue's 2017 season opener against Louisville, following an injury to David Blough. In the 2017 Foster Farms Bowl, Sindelar completed 33 passes for 396 yards and four touchdowns, being named the game's offensive MVP. After the game, it was revealed that he had played the final 31⁄2 games of the season with a torn ACL, requiring him to undergo surgery. Entering the 2018 season, he competed with Blough for the starting quarterback role, with Sindelar being named the starter. In the season opener against Northwestern, he threw three interceptions before being benched for Blough. Sindelar went on to take a medical redshirt due to knee tendinitis and an upper-body injury. He returned as the starter in 2019. Against Vanderbilt, he threw for a career-high 509 yards in addition to totaling six touchdowns, before suffering a concussion. Against Minnesota, his final career start, he left with an injury after being sacked. Sindelar received a sixth year of eligibility from the NCAA; however, he opted not to return and retire from football.

### Statistics

| Season | Games | Games | Games | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing |
| Season | GP | GS | Record | Cmp | Att | Pct | Yds | Avg | TD | Int | Rtg | Att | Yds | Avg | TD |
| Purdue Boilermakers ||||||||||||||||
| 2015 | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP | DNP |
| 2016 | 5 | 0 | 0−0 | 14 | 32 | 43.8 | 165 | 5.2 | 0 | 3 | 68.3 | 4 | 9 | 2.3 | 0 |
| 2017 | 12 | 8 | 4−4 | 187 | 329 | 56.8 | 2,099 | 6.4 | 18 | 7 | 124.2 | 33 | -76 | -2.3 | 0 |
| 2018 | 2 | 1 | 0−1 | 26 | 44 | 59.1 | 283 | 6.4 | 2 | 3 | 114.5 | 4 | -1 | -0.3 | 0 |
| 2019 | 5 | 3 | 1−2 | 72 | 112 | 64.3 | 978 | 8.7 | 9 | 3 | 158.8 | 12 | 29 | 2.4 | 1 |
| Career | 24 | 12 | 5−7 | 299 | 517 | 57.8 | 3,525 | 7.5 | 29 | 16 | 127.4 | 53 | -39 | -0.7 | 1 |
# John Sutton Hall

John Sutton Hall is the Old Main building of Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Constructed between 1873 and 1875, the building was the first constructed for the Indiana Normal School. In 1903, the building was named after John Sutton, the first president of the school's board of trustees. Sutton Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

## History

John Sutton, a merchant from Indiana, Pennsylvania, purchased land to establish a normal school to train women to become teachers. In 1873, construction of the building began. The Main Building was designed by James W. Drum, who also designed the original Indiana County Courthouse and the St. Bernard's Roman Catholic Church. Construction was completed in 1875 with a final cost of $141,115, including furnishings. In the school's early years the building functioned as the entire school, containing classrooms, dormitories, an infirmary, a dining hall, and a gymnasium. In 1903, the building was officially named after Sutton. That same year, the north and south wings were extended to the west, and Thomas Sutton Dining Hall was added adjacent to the main building. In 1920, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania assumed control of the school. The name was changed to Indiana (PA) State Teacher's College in 1927. It became Indiana State College in 1959. The college achieved university status in 1965 and became Indiana University of Pennsylvania. As more buildings at the school were constructed, activities were decentralized from Sutton Hall.
Sutton Hall was originally scheduled for renovations in the 1970s, but the Pennsylvania Department of Education advised that available funds would be insufficient to support the renovation and the $16 million library the university was planning. The decision to demolish the building was made in 1974. The committee to Save John Sutton Hall was organized and funded a feasibility study by Landmarks Planning, Inc. of Pittsburgh, who specialized in the restoration of old buildings. The study concluded that the building could be restored and continue to benefit the university economically. On September 19, 1975, the president of the board of trustees received a letter from the director of the Office of Historic Preservation stating that Sutton Hall had been included on the National Register of Historic Places on September 17. Inclusion on the Register made grants available for the renovation project. Just weeks later on October 3, the board of trustees unanimously voted to preserve Sutton Hall.

## Gallery

* Early postcard image
* Second floor girls dormitory, 1916
* Faculty quarters, circa 1900

## Works

* A Guidebook to John Sutton Hall. Indiana University of Pennsylvania
* Busovicki, John F. Indiana County. Arcadia Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-7385-1181-1
* John Sutton Hall — A Victorian Restoration. Foundation for Indiana University of Pennsylvania
# Jóna Margrét Ragnarsdóttir

Jóna Margrét Ragnarsdóttir (born 29 March 1983) is an Icelandic former handball player and a former member of the Icelandic national handball team.
# Calvert Prong

The Calvert Prong is one of the two prongs whose confluence creates the Little Warrior River in Alabama, United States. The other prong is the Blackburn Fork.
# Operation Chess

Operation Chess was a British Commando raid during the Second World War. It was carried out by 17 men of No. 12 Commando commanded by a Second Lieutenant Pinckney over the night of 27/28 July 1941.
The target for the raid was Ambleteuse, Pas-de-Calais, France. The raiding party were towed across the English Channel in two Landing Craft by a Motor Launch, which cast them off two miles from the Slack River near Ambleteuse. They remained ashore for one hour, no prisoners were taken.
Cdr. Sir Geoffrey Congreve Bt DSO died of his wounds received during the raid.
# NKVD prisoner massacre in Tartu

On July 9, 1941, 193 detainees were shot in Tartu prison and the Gray House courtyard by the Soviet NKVD; their bodies were dumped in makeshift graves and in the prison well.

## History

The victims of the communist repressions of summer 1941 were detained in Tartu prison. During the last days of June 1941, there were 619 prisoners. As the German army approached, steps were taken to empty the prison, but arrests continued, and on 8 July 1941 the prison still held 223 detainees. So at a meeting of the Estonian Communist Party's Tartu-region committee on the demand of local security leader Alfred Pressman (1894–1973) and with the consent of Estonian NKVD Tartu district leader Pavel Afanasjev (1903–1941) and Communist Party secretary Abronov, a decision was reached to execute the prisoners.

## Executioners

Of the six murderers, four were ethnic Estonians, and one was a Peipsi-area Russian. The most notable among them was the local Komsomol activist and later Thaw era deputy minister of interior of the Estonian SSR, Edmund Näär (1920–1973).
# Quraish (video game)

Quraish: The game (Arabic: قريش) is a 2005 real-time strategy 3D computer video game produced by Syrian video game production, Afkar Media. It is the second Arabic language-based game and a third person strategy game based on the early battles of Islam, primarily focusing on the Rashidun Caliphate's successful campaigns against the Eastern Roman Empire and the Sassanid dynasty of Persia.