OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry W. Edwards

Henry Waggaman Edwards (October 1779 – July 22, 1847) was an American lawyer, a Democrat, and the 27th and 29th governor of the U.S. state of Connecticut (1833–1834, 1835–1838). He previously served in both the U.S. Senate (1823 to 1827) and the U.S. House of Representatives (1819 to 1823). He had a cousin to Aaron Burr (1756–1836), the third vice president of the United States.

## Biography

Edwards was born in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of Judge Pierpont Edwards and Frances Ogden. He graduated from Princeton University in 1797, and earned a law degree from the Litchfield Law School. He married Lydia Miller on October 4, 1801, and they had seven children.

## Career

Edwards became a lawyer, was active in Democratic politics, and was the United States representative from Connecticut at-large from 1819 to 1823. He was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Elijah Boardman as a United States Senator and served from Connecticut from 1823 to 1827. He served as a member of Connecticut Senate at-large from 1828 to 1829. member of Connecticut state house of representatives from New Haven, in 1830, and the Speaker of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1830. He was elected Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut in 1832, but was deprived of the office by a divided Assembly.
Elected in 1833, Edwards served as Governor of Connecticut from May 1, 1833, to May 7, 1834. Unsuccessful in his bid for the office in 1834, he was returned to office in 1835 and re-elected two more times, serving again from May 6, 1835, to May 2, 1838. During his tenure, a discriminatory education law was enacted, the railroad expanded, and the state funded a geological survey in 1835. When he did not win the Democratic party's nomination in 1838, he retired from public service.

## Death

Edwards died on July 22, 1847, in New Haven, Connecticut, and is interred at Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut.
# Gesgapegiag

Gesgapegiag is one of two First Nations reserves on the south shore of the Gaspésie, most of whom are of Mi'kmaq ancestry. Most of the members reside on the federal native reserve that was set aside by the legislature of Lower Canada in 1853, for the exclusive use of the majority of Mi'kmaq in this region. The remaining Mi'kmaq live off-reserve in the eastern United States and across Canada, but stay connected to the community through modern communications and travel. All community members, regardless of residence, participate in democratic elections held every two years to elect one chief and eight councillors in accordance with Canada's Indian Act Election Regulations. The community is also allied to other Mi'kmaq communities in the Gaspé region of Quebec and in northern New Brunswick. Together, their elected chiefs advance ancestral claims to self-government and to the traditional territory called Gespe'gewa'gi ('Kespékewáki), the last land.
Gespe'gewa'gi is the Mi'kmaq Nation District that extends from the Miramichi River to the tip of the Gaspé Peninsula, a land area that straddles the modern day Quebec–New Brunswick border. The First Nation is a strong advocate of Aboriginal peoples in Canada and of aboriginal and treaty rights. Its main resource is the Atlantic salmon and water and forest resources, including modern harvest of timber. Political representatives of the Mi'kmaq of Gesgapegiag and the greater district of Gespe'gewa'gi continue talks with the Government of Quebec over access to traditional lands.
The name Gesgapegiag, is the origin for the name of the Cascapédia River, as well as other nearby places carrying the name Cascapedia.
* Band office
* Galgoasiet
* Gas station
* Old village
* Old village
# 1950 Chico State Wildcats football team

The 1950 Chico State Wildcats football team represented Chico State College—now known as California State University, Chico—as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1950 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Paul J. Smith, Chico State compiled an overall record of 2–6 with a mark of 2–2 in conference play, placing third in the FWC. The team was outscored by its opponents 157 to 108 for the season. The Wildcats played home games at Chico High School Stadium in Chico, California.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 30 | Pacific (OR)* | Chico High School StadiumChico, CA | L 6–14 |
| October 7 | at Humboldt State | Redwood BowlArcata, CA | W 39–6 |
| October 10 | Willamette* | Chico High School StadiumChico, CA | L 6–19 |
| October 21 | Southern Oregon | Chico High School StadiumChico, CA | W 7–6 |
| October 28 | at San Francisco State | Cox StadiumSan Francisco, CA | L 6–15 |
| November 4 | at Cal Poly* | Mustang StadiumSan Luis Obispo, CA | L 13–45 |
| November 11 | Naval Air Station Alameda* | Chico High School StadiumChico, CA | L 24–26 |
| November 18 | Cal Aggies | Chico High School StadiumChico, CA | L 7–26 |
| *Non-conference game |||||
# 2022 Green Party of England and Wales deputy leadership election

The 2022 Green Party of England and Wales Party deputy leadership election was held between 1 July and 7 September 2022 to determine the next deputy leader of the Green Party of England and Wales. Voting took place from 1 to 30 August 2022.
On 5 March 2022, the party's then deputy leader, Amelia Womack, announced she would not be standing to be re-elected in the party's 2022 deputy leadership election. She had been the party's deputy leader for eight years, having first been elected to the role in 2014, and subsequently re-elected three times since (in 2016, 2018 and 2020).
To qualify for the ballot, candidates needed nominations from 20 of the party's members.
Four candidates, Zack Polanski, Shahrar Ali, Nick Humberstone, and Tyrone Scott qualified on 1 July 2022.
The results were announced on 7 September 2022. In the first round no candidate received 50% or more of the vote. Zack Polanski placed highest with 42% of the vote in the first round, followed by Tyrone Scott with 28%, while Shahrar Ali received 24% and Nick Humberstone, 6%. Zack Polanski was elected for the role after several rounds of counting second and third preferences with 51% of the vote.
Turnout was low, with 6,266 of more than 50,000 members eligible to vote casting votes (12.5%).
# Hill River (Willow River tributary)

The Hill River is a river of Minnesota. It is a tributary of the Willow River.
# Ticking Time Bomb

"Ticking Time Bomb" is a single by the industrial hip-hop group Tackhead, released in March 1989 on World Records.

## Formats and track listing

All songs written by Keith LeBlanc, Skip McDonald, Adrian Sherwood and Doug Wimbish

### UK 12" single (WR012)

* "Ticking Time Bomb" – 2:50
* "Ticking Time Bomb (dub version)" – 6:18
* "Body to Burn" – 3:09

## Charts

| Chart (1989) | Peak position |
| UK Indie Chart | 7 |
# Melitidae

Melitidae is a family of amphipods. It contains around 45 genera, and formerly included a further 40 genera that are now placed in the family Maeridae.

## Genera

* Abludomelita
* Allomelita
* Alsacomelita
* Anchialella
* Brachina
* Caledopisa
* Carinomelita
* Cottarellia
* Cottesloe
* Desdimelita
* Dulichiella
* Eriopisa
* Eriopisella
* Gammarella
* Hornellia
* Indoniphargus
* Jerbarnia
* Josephosella
* Maerella
* Mallacoota
* Megamoera
* Melita
* Metaceradocus
* Netamelita
* Nurina
* Nuuanu
* Parapherusa
* Psammogammarus
* Psammomelita
* Rotomelita
* Tabatzius
* Tagua
* Valettiella
* Verdeia
* Victoriopisa
# Ostrów Kaliski

Ostrów Kaliski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeziny, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of Kalisz and 130 km (81 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Mutnovsky

Mutnovsky (Russian: Мутновский) is a complex volcano located in the southern part of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, approximately 75-80 km south of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The volcano is formed from several cones and lava flows from flank eruptions that have merged into a single massif.

## Geology and structure

Mutnovsky is a complex volcanic edifice consisting of four merged cones. The volcano has two main craters - southwestern and northeastern - each about 2 km in diameter and up to 400 meters deep. The southwestern crater is occupied by a glacier. The main volcanic activity is concentrated in the northwestern part of the massif, where two overlapping craters form a figure-eight shape with a diameter of up to 2 km and a depth of 600 meters.

## Volcanic activity

Mutnovsky is considered one of the active volcanoes in Kamchatka. In the 20th century, about 10 eruptions of varying intensity were observed. An eruption in 2000 resulted from underground explosions of hot gas, creating a crater 200 meters in diameter.
The Active Funnel, located in the western crater, contains a large fumarole field. It emits a column of steam and gas emissions, sometimes rising to a height of one kilometer. The temperature of the fumaroles can reach 500°C.

## Geothermal features

The volcano exhibits diverse geothermal activity:
* Fumaroles: Cracks emitting volcanic gases, with temperatures recorded up to 540°C in 1983.
* Mud pots: Boiling mud pools of various colors, including the "Black Cauldron" with highly acidic water.
* Ice caves: Formed by the interaction of volcanic heat and glaciers on the volcano's slopes.
* Vulkannaya River: Originates from melting glaciers and snow fields, carrying dissolved minerals and acids. It forms a canyon called Opasny (Dangerous), with an 80-meter waterfall.

## Access and research

The volcano's proximity to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky facilitates scientific study. Access to the crater area is possible via off-road vehicles, with the journey taking several hours from the Opasny canyon area.
At the northern foot of Mutnovsky volcano are the Dachny thermal springs, also referred to as the Lesser Valley of Geysers. This area features hot springs, boiling mud pots, and occasional geyser-like activity.

## Geothermal power

The Mutnovsky Geothermal Power Plant operates near the volcano's northeastern part, harnessing geothermal energy. Its capacity is approximately 60 MW, contributing significantly to the region's power supply.
# Champagne (Cavo song)

"Champagne" is the lead single from Cavo's debut album, Bright Nights Dark Days. It was released to rock radio at the end of March 2009 and received strong airplay. It peaked at number one on the US Mainstream Rock Songs chart. The song was also used in the Formula One 2010 Canadian Grand Prix race edit.

## Background

In 2006, Cavo had just obtained a new bassist, Brian Smith, and had written one song for their new album. However, when they started practicing in Smith's house, the inspiration came, and they penned several new tracks. One of these was "Champagne". Singer Casey Walker said, "'Champagne,' our first single, is a song that I wrote the chorus in my head and I recorded it on my phone and I showed it to the band almost as a joke because I wasn't sure if it was good or not. They started playing something and it just fell out in like ten minutes."
Cavo are from St. Louis, and the Midwest is often overlooked by rock record labels and radio stations in favor of the West and East Coasts. Unable to attract attention from labels or major radio stations from New York or Los Angeles, Cavo sent some songs to local St. Louis radio station 105.7 KPNT, who played "Champagne" enough for other stations nationwide to notice. Reprise Records also took interest, and once they signed Cavo, they pulled the song from the airwaves and made them re-record it for better quality before re-releasing it to greater mainstream success.

## Music video

A music video was released for this video in 2009. It was directed by ZFCL.

## Charts

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 (Billboard) | 9 |
| US Mainstream Rock Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 22 |
| US Rock Songs (Billboard) | 8 |
# Caerketton Hill

Caerketton Hill (/kərˈkɛtən/ kər-KET-ən) is a hill in the Pentland Hills range of Scotland. Standing at 478 m, it is at the northeast end of the approximately 25 km (16 mi) long chain of hills on the border between the council areas of the City of Edinburgh and Midlothian. The nearest town is Loanhead, 2 kilometers to the east while Edinburgh's southern suburbs start about a kilometer to the north. The nearest hills are Allermuir Hill to the west and Woodhouselee Hill to the south. The Swanston Burn and Lothian Burn rise on the northern slopes while the Boghall Burn receives water from the southern slopes. Their waters meet in the Burdiehouse Burn and, eventually, as the Brunstane Burn, drain into the Firth of Forth at Eastfield, Edinburgh.
On the crest of the hill are the scattered remains of a cairn now consisting of small stones, 16 meters in diameter and 1.5 meter high. The cairn is protected as a scheduled monument.

## Surroundings

A flint arrowhead was discovered on the western flank of Caerketton Hill in 1970.
The remains of a hill fort can be found on a rocky outcrop almost ten meters high on the east flank. Located in a well-defended position, the facility was surrounded by at least one wall. There was a rampart on the west side. The fort is classified as a Scheduled Monument.
A dry ski run was installed on the north flank of the Caerketton Hill.
# Killing of Cayler Ellingson

On September 18, 2022, 18-year-old Cayler Ellingson was killed in a vehicle-ramming attack around McHenry, North Dakota. After he was struck by a Ford Explorer SUV driven by a 41-year-old man, Shannon Brandt, Ellingson was taken to a hospital in Carrington, North Dakota, where he was pronounced dead.
Brandt called 9-1-1. An initial highway patrol report claimed that Brandt said he attacked Ellingson for being part of a "Republican extremist group". Brandt said that the victim was calling someone else on the phone before he attacked, who was later identified as Ellingson's mother. Brandt reportedly interpreted the call as an attempt to report him to others. According to North Dakota Highway Patrol Capt. Bryan Niewind there was "no evidence" to Brandt's assertions "that this incident involved politics". The 911 transcript includes Brandt saying that Ellingson “was saying something about some Republican extremist group,” and that Brandt feared that Ellingson was calling someone to "take care of him."
A blood test found Brandt's blood alcohol content level was 0.08, above the legal limit for driving.
In May 2023, Brandt pleaded guilty to manslaughter in connection with Ellingson's death. In September 2023, Brandt was sentenced to five years in prison.

## Arrest and charges

Brandt was charged with vehicular homicide and released on bail of US$50,000 (equivalent to about $52,000 in 2023). However, on September 22, the charges were upgraded to include murder, a class AA felony, the maximum penalty for which is life imprisonment without parole. Foster County, North Dakota State's Attorney Kara Brinster moved that the previous charges, including criminal vehicular homicide, be dismissed. The new charges filed in district court were based on an investigation by the North Dakota Highway Patrol and the state Bureau of Criminal Investigation which included interviews with people involved and an autopsy of the victim.

## Reaction from Donald Trump

Former US president Donald Trump criticized the media for allegedly not giving the killing sufficient coverage. In a speech in North Carolina on September 23, Trump stated that "Just recently, a young 18-year-old man from North Dakota … was targeted and killed, run down in cold blood with an SUV by a radical left maniac. This guy ran him down and not one mainstream media network has even mentioned this horrible crime... Think of it the other way. Supposing a mad person ran down somebody on the other side, it would be the biggest story you've ever seen."
# Eva Dave

Praful Nandshankar Dave (5 March 1931 – 26 September 2009) was a Gujarati writer. He wrote under the pen name of Eva Dave. He primarily wrote novels and novellas.

## Biography

Dave was born on 5 March 1931 in Baroda (now Vadodara), Gujarat, India . His family belonged to Nadiad. He completed his primary and secondary school education in Nadiad and started attending the university in 1949. He completed BA in Gujarati in 1953 and MA. in 1955. He completed BEd from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1956. He studied M. A. in Education in 1957 and PhD in 1963 from Washington University in St. Louis.
He taught at a school in Vallabh Vidyanagar from 1952 to 1956. He also served as a principal in the school in Alina in 1955. He worked as a research assistant in Washington University from 1960 to 1962. He served as the research associate in Saint Louis Mental Hospital, United States in 1963. He returned to India in 1964. He served as the Reader from 1964 to 1972 and as the Professor from 1972 to 1974 in Mysore Regional College of Education, India. He served as a principal-in-charge of Ajmer Regional College of Education from 1977 to 1944(?). In 1977, he joined NCERT, New Delhi as the Reader and later served as the Professor until his retirement in 1991. He died on 26 September 2009.

## Works

Dave chiefly wrote novellas. His first novella Sabuni Kakadi was published in the Prajabandhu daily. He was a modernist story writer. His stories explore relationships, family life and the life in the west. His collections of stories include Agantuk (1969), Tarangininu Swapna (1971), Tahomatdar (1980), Kalrakshas (1999) and Chhellu Farman (2005). Agantuk had 25 stories while Tarangininu Swapna has 18 stories with fresh subjects.
Isune Charane: Preyasi (1970) contains two romantic short novels. Mishra Lohi (1999) is his another novel.

## Awards

Dave was awarded prizes by the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad and the Gujarat Sahitya Akademi for his short stories. He received the Govardhanram Tripathi Prize and14th Doomketu Navlika Puraskar.
# Tahiryuaq

Tahiryuaq, formerly Ferguson Lake, (Inuinnaqtun: Tahikyoak) is located on southern Victoria Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, in northern Canada. It drains westward into Iqaluktuuq (meaning "place of big fish") which is a segment of the Ekalluk River, 8.0 km (5 mi) from the northeastern side of Wellington Bay (Ekaloktok), on Dease Strait, Arctic Ocean Ferguson Lake was the namesake of Constable Ferguson, a Royal Canadian Mounted Police member, but is now known by the original name of Tahiryuaq
Tahiryuaq has been characterized as "polar semi-desert". Its flora includes willow-sedge meadows, dryas uplands, and raised beaches. The narrow land area between Wellington Bay and Tahiryuaq funnels migrating Dolphin-Union caribou herd, making them easy prey for Inuit hunters. Muskox, Arctic hare, and ptarmigan also inhabit the area. The lake itself contains Arctic char (iqalukpiit) and lake trout (ihuurayuit). These were the principal food sources for Copper Inuit who were predated by people of the Dorset culture through the Thule culture as evidenced by Canadian Arctic archaeological sites on the banks of the lake, its river, and about 1 km north on the bay (Cadfael site).
# Steve Omischl

Steve Omischl (born November 16, 1978) is a Canadian freestyle skier.

## Career

Omischl was born in North Bay, Ontario. Omischl competes in aerials, and made his World Cup debut in December 1999, finishing with a silver medal at an event in Blackcomb. Omischl earned five more podiums on the World Cup circuit before winning his first event in mid-2002.
Along with a fellow olympian Jeff Bean, he participated in an episode of the hit show Mantracker where he defeated Terry Grant in the nerve-wracking chase.
Over his career thus far, Omischl has placed on the podium at 40 World Cup events, and claimed 20 titles. He has won four overall World Cup titles, finishing atop the aerials standings in 2004, 2007, 2008 and 2009. He has won four medals at the World Championships. His lone gold came in 2005, and most recently won a silver medal in 2009.
Omischl has competed in three Olympic Games. In 2002, he placed 4th in the qualifying but ended up 11th in the final. In 2006, he was well positioned to make the final after the first jump, but a poor second jump left him in 20th place.
Omischl was also a member of the Canadian team at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. He qualified for the final in 8th and was ranked 8th overall after the final.

## World Cup podiums

| Date | Location |
| December 4, 1999 | Blackcomb |
| February 26, 2000 | Piancavallo |
| August 12, 2000 | Mount Buller |
| December 2, 2000 | Blackcomb |
| March 10, 2001 | Himos |
| January 18, 2002 | Lake Placid |
| September 8, 2002 | Mount Buller |
| January 17, 2003 | Lake Placid |
| February 7, 2003 | Steamboat |
| March 3, 2003 | Špindlerův Mlýn |
| September 6, 2003 | Mount Buller |
| September 7, 2003 | Mount Buller |
| January 16, 2004 | Lake Placid |
| January 18, 2004 | Lake Placid |
| January 25, 2004 | Fernie |
| January 31, 2004 | Deer Valley |
| February 15, 2004 | Harbin |
| February 28, 2004 | Špindlerův Mlýn |
| March 10, 2004 | Sauze d'Oulx |
| January 16, 2005 | Lake Placid |
| January 28, 2005 | Deer Valley |
| February 5, 2005 | Shenyang |
| February 12, 2005 | Changchun |
| February 19, 2005 | Sauze d'Oulx |
| December 18, 2005 | Changchun |
| March 3, 2006 | Davos |
| December 10, 2006 | Jilin |
| January 11, 2007 | Deer Valley |
| February 25, 2007 | Apex |
| December 21, 2007 | Lianhua Mountain |
| December 22, 2007 | Lianhua Mountain |
| January 19, 2008 | Lake Placid |
| January 27, 2008 | Mont Tremblant |
| February 10, 2008 | Cypress Mountain |
| February 17, 2008 | Inawashiro |
| March 1, 2008 | Moscow |
| March 7, 2008 | Davos |
| January 25, 2009 | Mount Gabriel |
| January 30, 2009 | Deer Valley |
| February 2, 2009 | Cypress Mountain |
# Colaton Raleigh

Colaton Raleigh is a village and civil parish in East Devon, England. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Aylesbeare, Newton Poppleford and Harpford, Otterton, Bicton, Woodbury and a small part of Farringdon.
The village is located to the west of the River Otter on the B3178 road between Newton Poppleford to the north and East Budleigh to the south. The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book stating it had 20 villagers, 8 smallholders and 6 slaves. In 1066 it was owned by Earl Harold (King Harold II) before passing to King William after Harold's defeat at the Battle of Hastings. The church is dedicated to St John the Baptist. The village has a shop named "Woods Village Stores" in the centre next to the B3178 road. Bus route 157 operated by Stagecoach South West runs hourly towards Exmouth and Sidmouth through the village. The village's public house is called the Otter Inn; its large garden contains monkey puzzle trees.