OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brazilian submarine Humaitá (S41)

Humaitá (S41) is a Brazilian Riachuelo-class submarine built for the Brazilian Navy by ICN in Itaguaí, and DCNS.
The Brazilian boats are larger in length, tonnage and cargo capacity compared to the original French project. The Brazilian version are 70.62 m (231 ft 8 in) and 1,900 tons, compared to the original Scorpènes that are 61.7 m (202 ft 5 in) and 1,565 tons.

## Program history

In 2008, Brazil purchased four enlarged Scorpènes for USD 10 billion with a total technology transfer agreement and a second agreement to develop the first Brazilian nuclear-powered submarine, Álvaro Alberto. The hull of Riachuelo was laid down at Cherbourg, France on 27 May 2010 and it was jumboized at the Brazilian Navy Shipyard in Itaguaí in late 2012.
The first submarine Riachuelo was launched on 14 December 2018, and began sea trials in September 2019, the Humaitá was launched on 11 December 2020 by Lady Adelaide Chaves Azevedo e Silva, wife of Defense Minister Fernando Azevedo e Silva.

## Development and design

The first stage of construction of the Humaitá took place in September 2013 in Brazil, at the headquarters of ICN in Itaguaí, with the cutting of the first steel plates of the structure. At this point, technology transfer from French technicians to Brazilians had already started.
The other boats of the Brazilian class are Riachuelo (S40), Tonelero (S42) and Almirante Karam (S43).

## Namesake

Humaitá is the fifth boat and the third submarine of the Brazilian Navy to receive this name, in honor of a military operation, which took place in 1868, in the Paraguayan War.
The other submarines were:
* S Humaitá (S14) - Submarine of the Gato class, used in World War II by the U.S. Navy, before being incorporated into the Brazilian Navy. (1957–1967)
* S Humaitá (S20) - Submarine of the Oberon class. (1973–1993)
# Abrosaurus

Abrosaurus (/ˌæbroʊˈsɔːrəs/; 'delicate lizard' from the Greek αβρος meaning 'delicate' or 'dainty' and σαυρος meaning 'lizard') is a genus of macronarian sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period of what is now Asia, one of many dinosaurs found at the Dashanpu Quarry in the Sichuan Province of China. Like most sauropods, Abrosaurus was a quadrupedal herbivore but it was rather small for a sauropod, not much more than 30 feet (9.1 m) long. Its head was boxy and topped with a tall bony arch containing the nostrils.
The generic name (meaning "delicate lizard") refers to the nature of the skull, with large openings separated by thin bony struts. The only named species is A. dongpoi, is named after eleventh-century Chinese poet Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, who was born in Sichuan.

## Discovery and naming

The naming of Abrosaurus has been a long and convoluted process. Abrosaurus was discovered in 1984 and was first described in the 1986 Ph.D. thesis of Chinese paleontologist Ouyang Hui, with the specific name "A. gigantorhinus." However, the publication does not meet ICZN standards so "Abrosaurus gigantorhinus" is considered a nomen nudum although it has been used incorrectly in at least one paper. Ouyang formally described this species in 1989 under the specific epithet A. dongpoensis. However, in biological nomenclature, the Latin suffix -ensis is used only to honor localities and the name has since been revised to include the more correct -i suffix, used to honor male individuals. Abrosaurus dongpoi is now the accepted name for this taxon.
The holotype, or original specimen, of Abrosaurus, ZDM 5038, is a fossil skull which is nearly complete and very well preserved. A fragmentary skull and a skeleton have also been referred to this taxon but published description is lacking. All of the material comes from the famous Dashanpu Quarry near Zigong in China, and is housed in the dinosaur museum there. Abrosaurus and at least 4 other species of sauropod are known from the Lower Shaximiao Formation (also called Xiashaximiao) at Dashanpu. These sediments are dated from the Bathonian to Callovian stages of the Middle Jurassic Period, or about 168 to 161 million years ago.

## Classification

Abrosaurus was originally described as a camarasaurid sauropod, and while it may not turn out to be a member of that particular family, further research has indicated that it is a basal member of Macronaria, much like Camarasaurus itself. However, the remains of Abrosaurus have not been fully described, making its exact placement in the sauropod family tree difficult to determine.
# The Lyceum School

The Lyceum School is a private school in Karachi that specializes in a two-year long A-Level program.
It was founded in 1987, and is located on Hatim Alvi Road, in the Old Clifton area of Karachi, Pakistan. It is a co-educational institution with students ages ranging somewhere between 15–19.

## History

The Lyceum was founded by Razia Shabbir Ahmed in 1987.

## Academics

The Lyceum offers a number of subjects across the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities.
Subjects taught at the Lyceum School include physics, chemistry, mathematics, further mathematics, biology, computer science, English literature, Law, English language, economics, accounting, history, art, psychology and sociology.

## Extracurricular activities
### Round Square

In 2011, the Lyceum became the first school in Pakistan to be invited to become a member of the Round Square community of schools

### Sports

Students are divided into Sparta, Athens, Troy and Corinthe, the different houses, with the colour of their lanyard matching their house. Sports tournaments are inter-house, city-wide, and country-wide, such as at the Lahore University of Management Sciences, where they have won many awards.

### Debating

The school has won national and international debate competitions, including the Harvard Model United Nations Conference. Its parliamentary debate team won the Karachi Cup in 2019. In 2019 Lyceum was the first school to win the Rotaract Model United Nations (ROTMUN) four times in a row.

### Clubs & societies

| Event | Year |
| Liceo Scientifico | 2012 |
| LyRow | - |

### Student government

The student government hierarchy at The Lyceum is as follows:
* Cabinet (President, Vice President, General Secretary, Treasurer)
* Society Chairs
* Representatives
* House Captains

## Awards

* Qamar Bano Hussain Award for Discipline
* Rohda Vania Award for Integrity

## Notable alumni

* * Ali Gul Pir
* Jibran Nasir
* Aamina Sheikh
* Suhaee Abro
# Justine Hastings

Justine Hastings is an American economist, academic, and policy advisor. She is currently a vice president and chief of people-centered science at Amazon and an affiliate professor of economics at the University of Washington. Previously, she served as professor of economics and international and public affairs at Brown University, and as an associate professor of economics at Yale University. Her research focuses on combining economics and big data to solve social problems, spanning topics across education policy, retirement policy, household finance, marketing, competition, antitrust, and environmental regulation.
Hastings served on the Academic Research Council for the United States Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and on the Council of Economic Advisors to the Governor of Rhode Island. She has served as a managing editor for the International Journal of Industrial Organization, and as co-editor of the Journal of Public Economics. She has also advised state and federal agencies in matters related to antitrust, energy and environmental regulation.
Research led by Hastings on the importance of providing parents with information about the benefits of school choice alternatives was cited in Nudge, the 2008 New York Times bestseller by Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein. Her research on mental accounting and consumer purchasing behavior was cited in the Scientific Background for Thaler's 2017 Nobel Prize. Hastings' subsequent research measured how mental accounting impacts grocery spending for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants.
Hastings helped found Research Improving People's Lives (RIPL), which was established as a non-profit science and technology organization in 2018, with the goal of helping state and local governments use data, science, and technology to improve outcomes for communities.
In 2018, Hastings and RIPL partnered with Governor Gina Raimondo, the Rhode Island Department of Education, and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to launch Rhode2College, a statewide incentive program designed to encourage low- and moderate-income high school students to apply to and attend college. Over 4 years, the program has served more than 1,400 low-income juniors and seniors.
In March 2020, when the economic shutdown caused by the COVID-19 emergency resulted in an unprecedented surge in unemployment claims that threatened to overwhelm the state's legacy systems used to collect, process, and pay claims, Hastings and RIPL led an effort with the Rhode Island Department of Labor and Training to create a scalable cloud solution to collect pandemic unemployment assistance claims.
She started in Dec 2020 at Amazon as a VP and leads the PXTCS (People Experience and Technology Central Science) team. It's reported in Dec 2022 that she has been investigated by the company for creating a toxic work environment. An Amazon spokesperson said the allegations against Hastings were “inaccurate, contradictory" and do not "reflect the reality of the situation."

## Education

Hastings holds a PhD in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley.
# Pine Creek (Maple River tributary)

Pine Creek is a 19.6-mile-long (31.5 km) tributary of the Maple River in Gratiot and Clinton counties in Michigan. Via the Maple River, the creek's output flows into the Grand River and then into Lake Michigan.
# Scudéry

Scudéry is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Georges de Scudéry (1601–1667), French writer
* Madeleine de Scudéry (1607–1701), French writer, sister of Georges
# Piaski, Konin County

Piaski (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sompolno, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Sompolno, 31 km (19 mi) north of Konin, and 98 km (61 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Babia Góra

Babia Góra (in Polish), or Babia hora (in Slovak) is a massif situated on the border between Poland and Slovakia in the Western Beskid Mountains. The name is also applied to the culmination of the massif, Diablak ("Devil's Peak"), which is also the highest peak of this part of the Carpathian Mountains, at 1,725 metres (5,659 ft) above sea level.

## History

The first historical mentions of the massif date back to the 15th century, when it first mentioned in the writings of Jan Długosz. It was only in the 19th century that the area was explored and chronicled in greater depth, with the first known mountain hut constructed in 1905.

## Nature

Gentle from the south, steep from the north, Babia Góra is home to bear, lynx, wolf and other species; as well as alpine flora endemic at this altitude. The first attempts to protect the area were made in the 1930s. In 1933 the Nature Reserve of Babia Góra was established on the Polish side. Later, in 1954, Babia Góra National Park (Babiogórski Park Narodowy) was established with an area of 17.04 km$^2$. In 1976 it became one of the first Biosphere Reserves in the world. For a long time Babia Góra National Park was the smallest of the Polish national parks. In 1997 it was enlarged to 33.92 km$^2$ and a buffer zone was created of 84.37 km$^2$. Within the park, 10.62 km$^2$ is under strict protection. There are calls for strengthening of cross-border cooperation with Slovakia to better protect the fragile environment of the mountain.

## Climate

Babia Góra is sometimes nicknamed Matka Niepogód (Mother of Bad Weather). It is very susceptible to weather changes primarily due to the frequent winds that regularly hit the area. The mountain also experiences a strong inversion. Snow can cover the massif for over 200 days every year. In May 2016, a climber was killed by lightning while attempting to descend the mountain when a thunderstorm approached.

## Hiking and skiing

Although generally relatively easy to hike, Babia Góra can be reached by a more difficult yellow route called Perć Akademików (Academics' Path). Today, despite (or perhaps because of) steep climbs, chains and metal steps fixed to the rocks along sections of the trail, it is very popular with hikers.
The whole Babia Góra National Park is a strict nature reserve: skitouring, for example, was only permitted from 2022 onwards and only if certain weather and snow conditions were met.

## Gallery

* Witches Mountain from Mogilany
* View of Babia Góra from Trzy Korony
* Babia Góra
* Babia Góra massif
* Lichen-covered stone slabs on the top
* The Babia Gora Biosphere Reserve
* Diablak seen from Brona Pass
* Mountain hut
* Markowe Szczawiny
* Mountain trail leading to the peak of Babia Góra
* Panorama of Beskid Żywiecki featuring Babia Góra
* Mountain houseleek on Babia Góra
* Alpine pasqueflower
# Moustached puffbird

The moustached puffbird (Malacoptila mystacalis) is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is one of seven species in the genus Malacoptila. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The moustached puffbird is monotypic, though the population in southwestern Colombia might merit treatment as a subspecies. It is thought to form a superspecies with the white-whiskered puffbird (M. panamensis) and black-streaked puffbird (M. fulvogularis).

## Description

The moustached puffbird is 20 to 23 cm (7.9 to 9.1 in) long and weighs 47 to 50 g (1.7 to 1.8 oz). Unlike most puffbirds, the male and female have different plumages. Both sexes have bristles around the base of the large bill, and white "whiskers", which are actually tufts of feathers. The adult male is drab brown above with white to buffy spots on the back and the wing coverts. Its tail is brown with small buffy markings. Its lores and a half ring behind the eye are white. The chin, throat, and breast are rufous with indistinct darker streaks on the last. The belly is white and the flanks dull brown with whitish bars and streaks. The bill is black, the eye red, and the feet silvery bluish. The adult female is grayer above with heavier buff markings and has a paler breast with heavier streaks. Immatures are darker with less obvious light markings and is less rufous on the breast.

## Distribution and habitat

The moustached puffbird is found in the Andes, in northern and northwestern Venezuela through Colombia and slightly into northern Ecuador. It is primarily a bird of the undergrowth of humid and wet forests, though it also occurs along the edges of forest and in open woodland. It usually stays within 6 m (20 ft) of the ground. In elevation it ranges from 350 to 2,100 m (1,100 to 6,900 ft).

## Behavior
### Feeding

No information has been published about the moustached puffbird's feeding behavior or diet.

### Breeding

The moustached puffbird appears to breed between May and August in Venezuela and February to September in Colombia. It nests in a hole excavated in an earth bank, but no other details of its breeding phenology are known.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to moustached puffbird on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The moustached puffbird's song is a "[h]igh thin peeping" like that of other puffbirds in its genus.

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the moustached puffbird as being of Least Concern. Though its population has not been determined, it is thought to be stable. No immediate threats have been identified.
# Emil Norling

Emil Norling (born in 1996) is a Swedish powerlifter. Norling has won one gold and two silver medals at the world classic championships and 5 gold medals at the European classic (raw) championships in the IPF. Norling became the first Swede to earn first place in all three weights, becoming International Powerlifting Federation champion of the 2019 Junior World Classic Powerlifting Championships.
# Konstantin Pavlov

Konstantin Pavlov (Bulgarian: Константин Павлов) (April 2, 1933 – September 28, 2008) was a Bulgarian screenwriter, author and poet. Pavlov became a prominent intellectual during Bulgaria's Communist era, even though he faced censorship and a ten-year-long publishing ban by the government.
Pavlov was born on April 2, 1933, in the former village of Vitoshko, near the capital Sofia. He was among the few Bulgarian authors and intellectuals who dared to act autonomously and defy the Bulgarian Communist government, which ruled the country from 1945 until 1989. Government censors began a ten-year-long publishing ban against his work beginning in 1966. Bulgarians began illegally publishing and reading Pavlov's poems during the censorship against his work.
Pavlov received numerous awards in literature and poetry. He was "granted" the Grand Prix at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in 1980 for his screenplay of the film, Illusion. His works were translated in numerous European languages.
Some of Pavlov's most popular works of poetry included Sweet Agony, published in 1991; The Murder of the Sleeping Man in 1992; and the A Long Time Ago ... in 1998.
Konstantin Pavlov died in Sofia, on September 28, 2008, at the age of 75. He was survived by his wife, Maria, and their daughter, Donka. His death was announced by the Union of Bulgarian Film Makers.
# Kettle Creek (Colorado)

Kettle Creek is a stream in El Paso County, Colorado, in the United States.
Kettle Creek was so named from an incident when a kettle was lost near its banks.
# Edward John Lampron

Edward John Lampron (August 23, 1909 – January 24, 1983) was an associate justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1949 to 1978, and chief justice from 1978 to 1979.
Born in Nashua, New Hampshire, to John P. and Helene Deschenes Lampron, Lampron received a B.A. from Assumption University in Massachusetts in 1931, followed by a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1934. Governor Meldrim Thomson Jr. appointed Lampron to a seat on the state supreme court vacated by Francis Wayland Johnston.
Lampron married Laurette L. Loiselle, with whom he had two children. He died at St. Joseph Hospital in Nashua, after a lingering illness, at the age of 73.
# Tatiana Lobach

Tatiana Georgievna Lobach (Russian: Татьяна Георгиевна Лобач; born January 8, 1974, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.
At the beginning of the 2000s, Lobach was elected deputy of the Balaklava District in the Council of the city of Sevastopol of the 4th and 5th convocations. In 2010–2011, Lobach worked as deputy chairman of the Balaklava regional state administration for economic issues. In September 2019, Lobach was elected deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol. Since September 2021, she has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

## Sanctions

She was sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to the Russo-Ukrainian War.
# Piaski, Krotoszyn County

Piaski (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zduny, within Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Zduny, 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Krotoszyn, and 95 km (59 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Kołodziej

Kołodziej (Polish pronunciation:) is a Polish surname meaning "wheelwright". Notable people with the surname include:
* Dariusz Kołodziej (born 1982), Polish footballer
* Janusz A. Kołodziej (born 1959), Polish politician
* Janusz Kołodziej (born 1984), Polish speedway rider
* Miriam Kolodziejová (born 1997), Czech tennis player
* Paweł Kołodziej (born 1980), Polish boxer
* Piast Kołodziej (c. 740–861 AD), Polish semi-legendary figure
* Ross Kolodziej (born 1978), American football player
* Sławomir Kołodziej (born 1961), Polish mathematician
* Władysław Kołodziej (1897–1978), pioneer of modern Paganism in Poland
# Semipalmated sandpiper

The semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) is a very small shorebird. The genus name is from Ancient Greek kalidris or skalidris, a term used by Aristotle for some grey-coloured waterside birds. The specific pusilla is Latin for "very small".
It is sometimes separated with other "stints" in Erolia, but, although these apparently form a monophyletic group, the present species' old genus Ereunetes had been proposed before Erolia.

## Description

It is a small sandpiper, 15–18 cm (5.9-7.1 in) long and weighing around 18-51.5 g (0.6-1.8 oz). Wingspan ranges from 13.8 to 14.6 in (35-37 cm). Adults have black legs and a short, stout, straight dark bill. The body is dark grey-brown on top and white underneath. The head and neck are tinged light grey-brown. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds, in particular the western sandpiper; these are known collectively as "peeps" or "stints".

## Breeding and habitat

Their breeding habitat is the southern tundra in Canada and Alaska near water. They nest on the ground. The male makes several shallow scrapes; the female chooses one and adds grass and other material to line the nest. The female lays 4 eggs; the male assists in incubation. After a few days, the female leaves the young with the male; the young feed themselves.
These birds forage on mudflats, picking up food by sight and feel (bill). They mainly eat aquatic insects and their larvae, spiders, snails, worms and crustaceans. Semipalmated sandpipers rely heavily on horseshoe crab eggs during spring migration. Females will also eat small mammal bones as an extra source of calcium during egg laying.

## Status and migration

They are long distance migrants and winter in coastal South America, with some going to the southern United States and the Caribbean. They migrate in flocks which can number in the hundreds of thousands, particularly in favoured feeding locations such as the Bay of Fundy and Delaware Bay. This species is a rare but regular vagrant to western Europe.
Although very numerous, these birds are highly dependent on a few key stopover habitats during their migration, notably Mary's Point and Johnson's Mills along Shepody Bay, an arm of the Bay of Fundy. During the months of July and August, the Nature Conservancy of Canada runs an information center about these shorebirds in Johnson's Mills, New Brunswick.
# Benedicte Hauge

Benedicte Hauge (born 19 January 1989) is a Norwegian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres, and formerly also the 400 metres hurdles.
She competed at the 2006 World Junior Championships, the 2007 European Junior Championships, the 2008 World Junior Championships (both 400 and 400 hurdles), the 2009 European U23 Championships (only 400 hurdles), the 2011 European U23 Championships and the 2016 European Championships without reaching the final.
She has also competed in the 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2011 European U23 Championships, finishing seventh, and the 2016 European Championships, where the team was knocked out, but set a new Norwegian record of 3:31.73 minutes.
Domestically, Hauge has won two Norwegian championship titles, in the 400 metres in 2006 and the 400 metres hurdles in 2008. She represented Kristiansands IF until switching to IK Tjalve in 2016.
Her personal best time is 53.13 seconds, achieved in the heats at the 2016 European Championships. In the hurdles her personal best is 58.46 seconds, achieved at the 2008 Norwegian championships in Trondheim.