OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Toohey

Thomas Toohey (January 1, 1835 – November 19, 1918) served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor.
Toohey was born on January 1, 1835, in New York City. He joined the 24th Wisconsin Infantry from Milwaukee, Wisconsin in August 1862, and mustered out in June 1865. He died on November 19, 1918.

## Medal of Honor citation

His award citation reads:
   For gallantry in action on 30 November 1864, while serving with Company F, 24th Wisconsin Infantry, in action at Franklin, Tennessee. Sergeant Toohey voluntarily assisting in working guns of battery near right of the regiment after nearly every man had left them, the fire of the enemy being hotter at this than at any other point on the line.
# John Ericsson Memorial

John Ericsson Memorial, located near the National Mall at Ohio Drive and Independence Avenue, SW, in Washington, D.C., is dedicated to the man who revolutionized naval history with his invention of the screw propeller. The Swedish engineer John Ericsson was also the designer of USS Monitor, the ship that ensured Union naval supremacy during the American Civil War.
The memorial was authorized by Congress August 31, 1916, and dedicated May 29, 1926 by President Calvin Coolidge and Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden. Congress appropriated $35,000 for the creation of the memorial, and Americans chiefly of Scandinavian descent raised an additional $25,000. Constructed on a site near the Lincoln Memorial between September 1926 and April 1927, the pink Milford granite memorial is 20 feet (6.1 m) high with a 9-foot-diameter (2.7 m) base.
Sculpted by James Earle Fraser, it features a seated figure of Ericsson 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 m) high, and three standing figures representing adventure, labor, and vision. The national memorial is managed by National Mall and Memorial Parks.

## Images

* Adventure section of memorial.
* Closeup of Labor section.
* Labor section.
* Vision section of memorial.
* The Crown Prince of Sweden and the President of the United States at the dedication ceremony
# John F. Brewer House

The John F. Brewer House is a historic house on Arkansas Highway 9 in Mountain View, Arkansas, one block south of the Stone County Courthouse. It is a roughly rectangular single-story wood-frame structure, with a gable roof and stuccoed exterior. Shed-roof dormers project from the sides of the roof, and a small gabled section projects forward on the left front facade, with a deep porch wrapping around to the right. There are exposed rafter ends at the eaves in the Craftsman style. This house, built in the 1920s, is believed to be the first Craftsman/Bungalow-style house built in Stone County.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
# John Franklin Cobb House

The John Franklin Cobb House, also known as the Cobb Plantation, is a historic house in rural Cherokee County, North Carolina. The oldest portion of the house is a log structure built in 1863, making it one of the few surviving pre-Civil War structures in the county. It is also notable as a place frequented by baseball legend Ty Cobb in his childhood; he was a grandson of the original builder, John Franklin Cobb. The house is, outside of the log cabin at its core, a rambling structure consisting of a variety of additions to the original log cabin. The house has been enclosed in weatherboarding since the 1880s. It was for many years the center of a farm of some 150-200 acres, and was in the Cobb family until 1977.
The house, as well as outbuildings on a roughly six-acre parcel, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The house is located about two tenths of a mile down a private drive, west of US Route 129-19, about seven-tenths of a mile south of its junction with SR 1583.
# Little Joe 1A

Little Joe 1A (LJ-1A) was an uncrewed rocket launched as part of NASA's Mercury program on November 4, 1959. This flight, a repeat of the Little Joe 1 (LJ-1) launch, was to test a launch abort under high aerodynamic load conditions. After lift-off, the pressure sensing system was to indicate when the correct abort dynamic pressure was reached. This should have happened about thirty seconds after launch. A signal was sent to the explosive bolts to separate the spacecraft from the launch vehicle. Up to this point, everything was going as planned. The impulse was also intended to ignite the escape motor. The motor was ignited, but it took a number of seconds to build up thrust, and thus the abort maneuver was not accomplished at the desired dynamic pressure. Because of this, a repeat of the test was planned. Other events from launch through recovery occurred without incident. An altitude of 9 statute miles (14.5 km) and a range of 11.5 statute miles (18.5 km) were obtained, and a speed of 2,021.6 miles per hour (3,254 km/h) was reached. Flight time 8 minutes 11 seconds. Payload 1,007 kg.
# John Glover House

The John Glover House is a historic house at 53 Echo Valley Road in Newtown, Connecticut, USA. Built about 1708 by an early town settler, it is a remarkably well-preserved example of 18th-century residential architecture, owned for generations by a locally prominent farming family. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

## Description and history

The John Glover House stands in a rural-residential area of northern Newtown, on 2 acres (0.81 ha) at the junction of Echo Valley and Alberts Hill Roads. It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, clad in wooden shingles, with a side-gable roof and a large central chimney. A series of additions extend from the rear of the house. The main facade is five bays wide, with sash windows arranged symmetrically around a center entrance. The entrance is framed by a Federal-period surround, with sidelight windows and pilasters to either side, and a fanlight in a semi-elliptical pediment above. The interior follows a typical colonial center chimney plan, with hall and parlor to either side and the kitchen behind the chimney. The building's construction details reveal an evolutionary growth of the structure, with its second floor probably added in the mid-18th century.
The house was built about 1708 by John Glover of Stratford, who purchased land in this area acquired by the town's first proprietors from Native Americans in 1705. Glover became one of Newtown's largest taxpayers, farming the surrounding land and serving in town and colonial legislative offices. Subsequent generations of Glovers owned the property, and continued the practice of farming and civic service. The house was sold out of the family in 1965; at that time, its only modern amenity was a telephone.
# John H. and Mary Abercrombie House

John H. and Mary Abercrombie House is a historic home located at Fort Wayne, Indiana. It was built about 1914, and is a two-story, side gabled, Tudor Revival style brick and half-timber dwelling. It has American Craftsman style design elements including wide gabled porches, exposed rafter ends, and a porte cochere.$^{:3,8}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.
# John Halloran House

The John Halloran House is a historic house at 99 E. Squantum Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. This two-family wood-frame house was built in 1910 for John Halloran, a local police officer. It is a well-preserved Colonial Revival example of duplexes that were commonly built in the Atlantic neighborhood of Quincy, with a fine balustraded porch, and an entrance with long sidelight windows and oval window in the door. Bay windows project on the right side of the front, and a low hip-roof dormer projects from the roof.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
# Ulrich Wehling

Ulrich Wehling (born 8 July 1952 in Halle) is a retired German skier who won the nordic combined event in the Winter Olympics three consecutive times, in 1972, 1976, and 1980. Wehling was the first man to win three consecutive gold medals in the same event at Winter Olympics but not the first Olympian to win three Gold in a winter discipline as Gillis Grafström had won a figure skating title at the Summer Olympics 1920 before winning twice at the first two Winter Olympics.
At the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, Wehling won two Nordic combined medals with a gold in 1974 and a bronze in 1978. Wehling also won the Nordic combined at the Holmenkollen ski festival three straight years (1975–1977). For his successes in the Nordic combined, he received the Holmenkollen medal in 1976. He was a Stasi informer under the codename "Springer".
Wehling is currently FIS Race Director for the Nordic combined, a role he also did for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin and the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 in Sapporo. He now lives in Switzerland.

## Other successes

* 1971 junior European champion
* 1975 GDR masters
* 1976 GDR master
* 1977 GDR master
* 1978 GDR master
* 1979 GDR master

## Citations

* ↑ "STASI: Geheimtreff in der Villa". Der Spiegel. No. 10. 5 March 2007.
# 1961 Labour Party leadership election

The 1961 Labour Party leadership election was held when, for the second year in succession, the incumbent leader was challenged for re-election. Normally the annual re-election of the leader had been a formality.
The challenge followed factional in-fighting over issues like nuclear disarmament. The leader favoured the retention of nuclear weapons by the UK, whereas the left wing of the party supported the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.

## Candidates

Two candidates were nominated.
* The left-wing candidate the previous year had been Harold Wilson. In 1961 the candidate was a less well-known political figure, Tony Greenwood (1911–1982), then MP for the Lancashire constituency of Rossendale. He had been an MP since 1946 and was the son of Arthur Greenwood (1880–1954), who had been a Labour leadership candidate in 1935.
* The incumbent right-wing leader of the party was Hugh Gaitskell (1906–1963), who had been Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1950–51. Gaitskell had been MP for Leeds South since 1945 and party leader since 1955.

## Ballot

The result of the only ballot of Labour MPs on 2 November was as follows:
Only ballot: 2 November 1961 :
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| Hugh Gaitskell | 171 | 74.35 |
| Tony Greenwood | 59 | 25.65 |
| Majority | 112 | 48.70 |
| Turnout | 230 | N/A |
| Hugh Gaitskell re-elected |||
# 1961 Manchester Moss Side by-election

The 1961 Manchester Moss Side by-election of 7 November 1961 was held after the death of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) James Watts on 7 July that year. The seat was retained by the Conservatives.

## Candidates

The local Liberals selected 37-year-old solicitor Ruslyn Hargreaves. He was born in August 1923 and educated at William Hulme's Grammar School and Manchester University. He was formerly secretary of the National League of Young Liberals. He had been Liberal candidate for Howden at the 1959 general election. Max Mosley was an election agent for the Union Movement.

## Result

Manchester Moss Side, 1961 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Frank Taylor | 9,533 | 41.1 | −21.2 |
| | Liberal | Ruslyn Hargreaves | 6,447 | 27.8 | New |
| | Labour | Gordon Oakes | 5,980 | 25.8 | −11.9 |
| | Union Movement | Walter Hesketh | 1,212 | 5.2 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,086 | 13.3 | −11.3 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 23,172 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |
# John Hendricks House and Dutch Barn

The John Hendricks House and Dutch Barn is located along Old Post Road in Staatsburg, New York. It is a late-18th-century stone house that once served as an inn along the Albany Post Road.
A Dutch barn on the property also dates to that era. It underwent a number of renovations and additions in the Picturesque mode in the 19th century. The house was restored to its original appearance in the late 20th century. In 1984 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Property

The two buildings are located near the west boundary of a wedge-shaped 30-acre (12 ha) lot between Old Post Road, US 9 and Hughes Avenue. Its west (front) facade is opposite Margaret Lewis Norrie State Park. The barn is located just to its southeast. The only other building on the property is a house on Hughes. It is modern and considered non-contributing.
The house itself is built into a gentle slope. It is a rectangular building, five bays wide by two stories tall. The west and south sides (visible from the road) are faced in stucco; the other two retain their original fieldstone. It is topped with a gabled roof from which four brick chimneys rise.
The west elevation features a two-story porch supported by six pillars. Its upper story has a balustrade. All doors and windows have simple wood trim. On the east is a partially enclosed one-story frame wing. Its southern three bays have a porch with a miter-arched frieze and square columns.
Inside the house has many original finishings, including its flooring and Federal mantels. The center-hall floor plan remains intact, with some features suggesting early use as an inn. The main room is divided by what appears to be a bar, and the north room contains some aspects of the original beehive oven.
To the southeast of the house is the Dutch barn. It retains its original 18th-century form but has had some later additions, such as cross-gabling, a hip-roofed cupola, board-and-batten siding and quatrefoil windows. Small oculi are located in the gable apexes, and a similarly sided and fenestrated frame wing extends from the southwest corner.

## History

Hendricks bought the property and built the house around 1785, when the Pawling Patent was first subdivided. Local tradition holds that it was an inn for travelers using the Albany Post Road, and the layout of the first floor provides some support for this.
On Hendricks' death in 1815, the property was acquired by George Lamoree, a major speculator in land in the area during the early 19th century. At the time it was over 90 acres (36 ha). His heirs sold the property to William Dinsmore in 1884. He added it to his large estate and remodeled the barn to match those at his main farm complex further north.
By the mid-20th century the house had become vacant. A succession of owners in the century's later decades restored it to its original appearance.
# William de Ropp

Baron William Sylvester de Ropp (born Sylvester Wilhelm Gotthard von der Ropp; 7 December 1886 – 1973) was a British agent involved in dealings with Nazi Germany before and during the Second World War. He was described as one of the most "mysterious and influential clandestine operators" of the era.

## Early life

De Ropp was born in Lithuania, the last child of Wilhelm Edmund Karl Reinhold Alexander Baron von der Ropp and his wife Lydia Gurjef. His father was from a family of Prussian barons and owned an estate called in Daudžgiriai [lt], while his mother was a Cossack from the Crimea. De Ropp was educated in Dresden, Germany. He moved to England and, in 1908 enrolled at the University of Birmingham and became naturalised as a British subject in 1915. When he took the oath of allegiance on 25 January 1915, he was described as an electrical engineer of Kensington, London.

## Career

During the First World War, de Ropp served in the Royal Flying Corps under the command of F. W. Winterbotham. In the 1920s, de Ropp went to Berlin as a representative of the Bristol Aeroplane Company and became an associate of Alfred Rosenberg, a fellow Baltic German and a Nazi enthusiast. Rosenberg's function was to establish links with establishment figures in Britain for the Nazis. De Ropp had contacts with a powerful segment of the British upper class which favoured appeasement, known as the "Cliveden Set", and also with a member of the royal family, the Duke of Kent.
Through Rosenberg, de Ropp met Adolf Hitler and Rudolf Hess. According to Ladislas Farago, a close personal relationship developed between the Führer and de Ropp. Hitler used him as a confidential consultant on British affairs and outlined to him frankly his grandiose plans, described by one author as "a trust no other foreigner enjoyed to this extent". Lulled by this congenial atmosphere, the Luftwaffe naively gave away its secrets to the British. F. W. Winterbotham had become head of Air Intelligence, part of MI6, and nurtured de Ropp over three years. While the Nazis considered de Ropp one of their agents in England, his standing helped facilitate a visit by Winterbotham to Germany in 1934. Winterbotham met Rosenberg and Goering and obtained a considerable amount of information on the growth of the Luftwaffe.

## Family

De Ropp married Ruth Fisher and had a son, Robert, and a daughter named Ruth Marguerite. His wife died on 27 March 1919 in the 1918–19 influenza pandemic. In 1925 he married Marie Woodman. His son Robert de Ropp, with whom he maintained little contact, became a research biochemist and author on personal enlightenment.

## Death

De Ropp died in 1973 in Kington, Herefordshire. His second wife survived him until 1986.
# John Hill House

The John Hill House is an historic American home that is located in Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania.
Located in the West Sixth Street Historic District, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## History and architectural features

The original section of this historic structure was built circa 1836, with the south and east wings added during the 1850s. A two-story brick coach house and servants' quarters were added to the property after 1891, and the original house was connected to the main dwelling with the expansion of the rear ell. The main dwelling was created in a transitional Greek Revival/Italian Villa "picturesque" style, and features round-headed and hooded windows, prominent brackets, balconies, porches, and window bays. It is faced with scored poured concrete and clapboard and topped with a gable roof.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is located in the West Sixth Street Historic District.
# Karin Mannewitz

Karin Mannewitz (née Herbsleb on 15 November 1939) is a retired German gymnast. She competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in all artistic gymnastics events and finished in fourth place with the German team. Her best individual result was 20th place in the uneven bars.
# Koszuty-Parcele

Koszuty-Parcele is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupca, within Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Dešná (Jindřichův Hradec District)

Dešná (German: Döschen) is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Dešná consists of seven municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Dešná (269)
* Bělčovice (42)
* Chvalkovice (50)
* Dančovice (47)
* Hluboká (28)
* Plačovice (29)
* Rancířov (111)
# Salma Hareb

Salma Ali Saif Bin Hareb (born 1965) is an Emirati business executive. She was the chief executive officer of Jebel Ali Free Zone and of Economic Zones World from 2005 to 2015. In 2008, Hareb was ranked number one in Forbes Arabia's list of the 50 most powerful Arab businesswomen of 2008. She is the first woman in the Middle East and North Africa to be appointed head of an economic free zone. She has been a non-executive director of NMC Health PLC since 2014.
In 2014, Forbes ranked her as the third most powerful Arab woman.
Since 2005, Hareb was CEO of Economic Zones World Corp, until succeeded by Mohammed Al Muallem in 2015.
# Cedar Creek (West Virginia)

Cedar Creek is a tributary of the Little Kanawha River, 31.7 miles (51.0 km) long, in central West Virginia in the United States. Via the Little Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 81 square miles (210 km$^2$) in a rural region on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.
Cedar Creek rises approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Flatwoods in Braxton County and flows generally northwestward into Gilmer County, through the unincorporated community of Cedarville and through Cedar Creek State Park. It flows into the Little Kanawha River approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Glenville.
According to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, approximately 90.5% of the Cedar Creek watershed is forested, mostly deciduous. Approximately 9.2% is used for pasture and agriculture.
The creek was named for the cedar trees along its course.
# Jardin Paléobotanique

The Jardin Paléobotanique is a botanical garden located in Les Millières, Soulce-Cernay, Doubs, Franche-Comté, France. The garden contains about 500 types of plants, including rare species and prehistoric trees such as Ginkgo biloba. It is open Sundays and holidays in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.
# Basse-Vendline

Basse-Vendline is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. It was established on 1 January 2024 with the merger of the municipalities of Beurnevésin and Bonfol.

## Toponymy

The municipality takes its name from the Vendline, a river that crosses the villages of Beurnevésin and Bonfol.

## History

Beurnevésin was first mentioned in 1270 as Brunnevisin, while Bonfol was first mentioned in 1136 as Bunfol. These two municipalities were formerly known their its German names Brischwiler and Pumpfel, respectively; however, these names are no longer used. On 1 January 2024, Beurnevésin and Bonfol merged to form the new municipality of Basse-Vendline.

## Demographics

The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Rufinus of Byzantium

Rufinus of Byzantium (Greek: Ρουφῖνος; died 293) was bishop of Byzantium from 284 to 293.