# Joseph C. Satterthwaite

Joseph Charles Satterthwaite (March 14, 1900 – November 19, 1990) was an American career diplomat.

## Biography
### Early life and positions

Sattherwaite was born in Tecumseh, Michigan on March 14, 1900. His family had first moved to that state in 1831. He attended the University of Michigan, earning a B.A. degree in 1923 and a M.A. degree in 1924. His first job with the US Foreign Service was as a clerk in the Stuttgart consulate in 1926. From there, appointments followed in Guadalajara, Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Baghdad, Ankara and Damascus. As part of a State Department special diplomatic mission, Satterthwaite presented a letter from President Harry S. Truman to King Tribhuvan, recognizing Nepal's independence, on April 21 1947. This task proved difficult, as foreigners could only enter with consent of the Prime Minister, and the group had to travel by rail, road, pack train and sedan chair.

### Increasing seniority

Satterthwaite served as United States Ambassador to Sri Lanka from 1949 to 1952, Head of the U.S. Legation at Tangier from 1953 to 1955, and as United States Ambassador to Burma from April 1955 to April 1957. For a brief period between May 6, 1957, and September 1, 1958, he was Director General of the Foreign Service. He then served as the first Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs between 1958 and 1961. One of his duties in that role was hosting an African Regional Conference from June 9–11, 1959 in Lourenco Marques (now Maputo).

### South Africa and later career

Sattherwaite was reappointed as an ambassador, this time to South Africa, from 1961 to 1965. Following the Sharpeville massacre, President John F. Kennedy's administration was taking a renewed look at the country. Satterthwaite later recalled that Kennedy had told him "You can tell the prime minister of South Africa that I'm not sending you out there to point your finger at them, (the South Africans) but that they must realize the problems we have with their racial policy". While in South Africa, Satterthwaite learned of Kennedy's assassination from the Belgian ambassador (who had been listenening to the BBC World Service). This forced him to break off a dinner party he was holding and announce the news, bringing some of the South African guests to tears. His embassy held a Catholic memorial service shortly after.
He spoke highly of his time under the Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations, saying in an interview that he "never had any pressure from the White House that was objectionable in the least. Obviously pressures were brought by Congress sometimes, but that's something else, that's just par for the course, you can expect that; but certainly not from the White House under either Truman or Eisenhower. I think this is true of Kennedy, too".
After South Africa he retired from the Foreign Service, becoming a consultant on foreign affairs.
He died in Washington, D.C., on November 19, 1990, at the age of 90, due to pneumonia.
Diplomatic posts :
| Preceded byFelix Cole | U.S. Ambassador to Sri Lanka September 22, 1949 – July 25, 1953 | Succeeded byPhilip K. Crowe |
| Preceded byJohn Carter Vincent | Head of the U.S. Legation at Tangier June 24, 1953 – May 1, 1955 | Succeeded byJulius C. Holmes |
| Preceded byWilliam J. Sebald | U.S. Ambassador to Burma April 4, 1955 – April 1, 1957 | Succeeded byWalter P. McConaughy |
| Preceded byPhilip K. Crowe | United States Ambassador to South Africa April 6, 1961 – November 17, 1965 | Succeeded byWilliam M. Rountree |
| Government offices |||
| Preceded byRaymond A. Hare | Director General of the Foreign Service May 6, 1957 – September 1, 1958 | Succeeded byWaldemar J. Gallman |
| Preceded byNew office | Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs September 2, 1958 – January 31, 1961 | Succeeded byG. Mennen Williams |