OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ronald S. W. Lew

Ronald Sing Wai Lew (Chinese name: 刘成威; September 19, 1941 – May 19, 2023) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California.

## Education and career

Born in Los Angeles, Lew graduated from Loyola High School. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Loyola Marymount University in 1964. He received a Juris Doctor from Southwestern University School of Law in 1971. He was in the United States Army from 1967 to 1969. He was a deputy city attorney of the Criminal and Civil Liability Divisions of the Los Angeles City Attorney's Office in California from 1972 to 1974. He was in private practice of law in Los Angeles from 1974 to 1981. He was a Los Angeles fire and police pension commissioner from 1976 to 1982. He was a judge on the Los Angeles Municipal Court from 1982 to 1984. He was a judge on the Los Angeles Superior Court from 1984 to 1987.

## Federal judicial service

Lew was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on February 2, 1987, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Central District of California vacated by Judge Laughlin E. Waters. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 7, 1987, and received commission the same day. He assumed senior status on September 19, 2006. Outside of Hawaii, Lew was the first Chinese-American appointed to the federal bench after being appointed by President Reagan in 1987. His service terminated upon his death on May 19, 2023, at the age of 81.

## Awards and honors

In 2001, Lew was awarded the Historymakers Award by the Los Angeles Chinese American Museum in law and justice. He was also honored by the Chinese Historical Society of Southern California (CHSSC) as one of the Chinese American Pioneers in Law in 2005.
# Macedonia (comics)

Macedonia is a biographical comic book, published in June 2007 by Random House. It was written by Harvey Pekar and Heather Roberson, with illustrations by Ed Piskor. The book is based on Roberson's travels through North Macedonia.

## Plot

Macedonia opens with Heather Roberson, a student of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of California at Berkeley, arguing with a professor about the inevitability of war. Roberson argues that it is avoidable, while the professor argues that it is not. Roberson cites Macedonia, which avoided war unlike other former states of Yugoslavia, as an example. Roberson decides to make this the subject of her thesis, and travels to Macedonia to carry out her research.
Once inside the country, Roberson sees the tense relationship between the majority Macedonians and the Albanians, the largest minority. She travels to the cities of Belgrade (in Serbia), Skopje, and Tetovo, conducting interviews with an ombudsman, professors, and a police trainer.

## Production
### Inspiration

Roberson was inspired to start on the project as a result of an argument with a professor about the inevitability of war. She wanted to know what had saved Macedonia from war while other former Yugoslav states were at war following the breakup of the country. As Roberson stated:
   It started with an argument I couldn't win. I was a student of Peace and Conflict at the University of California at Berkeley, and one day this Political Science professor really laid into me. He said I was wasting my time. He said that war was inevitable.

### Collaboration

Roberson was in her hometown in Missouri, stopping there before going to Macedonia to carry out research for her thesis when she met Pekar. Pekar was there on the invitation of Roberson's sister, speaking at a showing of American Splendor, a film based on his comics. Roberson described her project to Pekar, who expressed interest in collaborating on a comic book. He expected a short story, but ultimately ended up with 150 pages of material. Describing the collaboration, Pekar said "It was one of the best working relationships I've ever had". Pekar would create preliminary drawings of each page, then passed them on to illustrator Piskor in Pittsburgh.

## Reception

Macedonia received mixed reviews. A reviewer in Booklist stated the Pekar "skillfully prepared the book’s text and basic layout", but complained that Piskor's illustration was "stiff". Other reviewers, however, responded positively to Piskor's illustration, citing its "stylish, crisp feel". Some reviewers complained that the text overwhelmed the illustrations, leading it to feel more like a "lecture" than a graphic novel.
# Daphne (disambiguation)

Daphne is a water nymph in Greek mythology.
Daphne may also refer to:

## Places

* Daphne Palace, Constantinople, Turkey
* Daphni Monastery, near Athens
* Daphne Island, a river island in Alberta, Canada
* Daphne Major, in the Galápagos Islands
* Daphne, Alabama, a city in the United States
* A former suburb of the ancient city of Antioch, today Harbiye, Antakya, Turkey
* Constantiana Daphne, Byzantine fortification on Danube
* Daphne (Mount Athos), Greece, likely site of ancient Cleonae
* Daphne (Thrace), a town of ancient Thrace, now in Turkey
* Rablah / Riblah, formerly also known by the name Daphne

## Vessels

* HMS Daphne, Royal Navy ships
* Daphné-class submarine, a French Navy class
** French submarine Daphné (S641), lead submarine of the class
* Daphne-class Seaward Defence Craft, Royal Danish Navy
* Daphne (brig), a ship that was wrecked in 1819
* SS Daphne (1883), a ship which sank disastrously in 1883
* Princess Daphne (ship), a cruise ship operated by Costa Cruises (1979–1997)

## People and fictional characters

* Daphne (given name), including a list of persons and fictional characters with the given name
* Daphne (singer), Cameroonian singer Daphne Njie Efundem (born 1986)

## Songs

* "Daphne", on several Django Reinhardt albums, such as Djangology; written in 1937
* "Daphne", from the 2002 1 Giant Leap album 1 Giant Leap
* "Daphne", from the 2011 Lia Ices album Grown Unknown
* "Daphne", by from British band Squeeze their 1995 album Ridiculous
* "Daphne", by Bat for Lashes from the album The Haunted Man
* "Daphne", from the 2001 John Paul Jones album The Thunderthief

## Other uses

* Daphne (opera), a 1938 opera by Richard Strauss based on the myth and legend of the nymph
* Daphne (2017 film), a British drama film
* Daphne (2007 film), a British biographical drama film
* Daphne (comedy), a British comedy trio
* DAPHNE (emulator), an emulator of Laserdisc arcade games
* Daphne (plant), a genus of shrubs
* Détecteur à Grande Acceptance pour la Physique Photonucléaire Expérimentale, a particle detector
* DAPHNE project, a European Commission-funded project under FP7 research funding
* Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate, a birth control pill
# Ugik Sugiyanto

Wusono Budi Ugik Sugiyanto (born 18 June 1981) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Liga 4 club PPSM Magelang.

## Honours
### Club

Persiba Bantul
* Indonesian Premier Division: 2010-11
PSCS Cilacap
* Indonesia Soccer Championship B: 2016
Kalteng Putra
* Liga 2 third place (play-offs): 2018

### Individual

* ISC B Best Player: 2016
# Thomas Arboe

Thomas Arboe (22 September 1836 – 8 February 1917) was a Danish architect.

## Biography

Arboe was born at Rønne on the island of Bornholm, Denmark. He was the son of Otto Henrik Arboe and Oliva Elisabeth Saxtorph. He attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts building school and ornament school from 1855 to 1862 where he was a student of Gustav Friedrich Hetsch (1788–1864) and also trained under Niels Sigfred Nebelong (1806–1871).
He was an Officer in the Royal Danish Army from 1863 where he rose to the rank of captain and was discharged in 1868. From 1868 he was an architect at the railway company De jysk-fyenske Jernbaner (the Funen and Jutland Railways), and from 1880 in Aarhus at the state railway system DSB.
He designed a number of public buildings, especially railway stations in cities including Kolding (1866), Hjørring (1871), Guldager (1874), Tommerup (1883), Nyborg (1891) Hobro (1893), Viborg (1896) and Aalborg (1902). In addition, he designed the town hall in Nibe (1872), post office and telegraph buildings in Horsens (1880-81), as well as hospitals in Hobro (1880-81), Aarhus (1882) and Rønne (1890-92). In addition, he designed a number of other building including schools and prisons especially in Jutland.

## Personal life

In 1867, he married Charlotte Amalie Petersen (1832-1921). He died at Charlottenlund and was buried at Gentofte.
# Peter St John, 9th Earl of Orkney

Oliver Peter St John, 9th Earl of Orkney (born 27 February 1938) is the current earl of Orkney, and the son of Frederick Oliver St John whose parents were Sir Frederic Robert and Lady St. John (née Isabella Annie FitzMaurice).
He is a retired Canadian political scientist and Scottish peer. He was a lecturer at University College London, England, before moving to the University of Manitoba, Canada, where he rose to become professor of political studies. He retired from academia in 1998, the year he succeeded to the Earldom of Orkney, and was appointed a senior scholar by Manitoba.

## Personal life

In 1963, St John married Mary Juliet Scott-Brown. Together they had four children: one son and three daughters. Their son, Oliver Robert St John, Viscount Kirkwall, is heir to the earldom. His first marriage ended in divorce in 1985, and that year he married Mary Barbara Huck (née Albertson). His second marriage brought four step-children. As a male-line descendant of the 3rd Viscount Bolingbroke, he is also in remainder to this title.

## Selected works

* St. John, Peter (1977). Fireproof House to Third Option: Studies in the Theory and Practise of Canadian Foreign Policy. Winnipeg, Manitoba: University of Manitoba.
* St. John, Peter, ed. (1984). Mackenzie King to Philosopher King: Canadian Foreign Policy in a Modern Age. Winnipeg, Manitoba: University of Manitoba Press.
* St. John, Peter (1991). Air Piracy, Airport Security, and International Terrorism: Winning the War Against Hijackers. New York: Quorum Books. ISBN 978-0899304137.
* St. John, Peter, ed. (2005). From the Great War to the Global Village: A Window on the World. Winnipeg, Manitoba: Heartland Associates. ISBN 978-1896150239.
# Nina Kemppel

Nina Kemppel (born October 14, 1970) is an American cross-country skier who competed from 1992 to 2003. Her best World Cup finish was 14th twice, both earned in 2001.
Kemppel also competed in four Winter Olympics, earning her best finish of 13th in the 4 × 5 km relay at Salt Lake City in 2002. Her best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 22nd in the 5 km + 5 km combined pursuit at Lahti in 2001.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | Sprint | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1992 | 21 | 56 | — | — | 52 | — | — | — |
| 1994 | 23 | 28 | — | 42 | 31 | 27 | — | 10 |
| 1998 | 27 | 67 | — | 52 | DNS | — | — | — |
| 2002 | 31 | — | 38 | 29 | 30 | 15 | — | 13 |

### World Championships

| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | Sprint | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1993 | 22 | 27 | — | 55 | 30 | 34 | — | 8 |
| 1995 | 24 | 32 | — | 32 | 42 | 35 | — | — |
| 1997 | 26 | 40 | — | 34 | 33 | 27 | — | — |
| 1999 | 28 | 40 | — | 58 | DNF | 34 | — | 14 |
| 2001 | 30 | — | 23 | 35 | 22 | CNX | 39 | — |
    a. $^1$ Cancelled due to extremely cold weather.

### World Cup
#### Season standings

| Season | Age |
| Season | Age | Overall | Long Distance | Middle Distance | Sprint |
| 1990 | 19 | NC | — | — | — |
| 1992 | 21 | NC | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 22 | 62 | — | — | — |
| 1994 | 23 | 60 | — | — | — |
| 1995 | 24 | 49 | — | — | — |
| 1996 | 25 | 34 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 26 | 72 | 54 | — | NC |
| 1998 | 27 | NC | NC | — | — |
| 1999 | 28 | 64 | 44 | — | — |
| 2000 | 29 | 57 | 36 | NC | 47 |
| 2001 | 30 | 48 | — | — | 54 |
| 2002 | 31 | 72 | — | — | NC |
# Kim Joon-hyung (professor)

Kim Joon-hyung (Korean: 김준형; Hanja: 金峻亨; born 29 March 1963) is a South Korean professor of international relations at Handong Global University served as the Chancellor of Korea National Diplomatic Academy of Ministry of Foreign Affairs under President Moon Jae-in from 2019 to 2021.
Kim joined both Moon's presidential campaigns in 2012 and 2017 as his advisor on foreign and North Korean policies.
Since the beginning of Moon's presidency, Kim has been involved in his policy formulation as an advisor on multiple occasions. As a member of Foreign Affairs and Security Sub-committee of State Affairs Planning Advisory Committee, a Moon's de facto transition team, he is reportedly known to be the co-author of Moon's "New Southern Policy" which seeks to and resulted in expansion of South Korea's relations with ASEAN nations and India in all aspects. Before resigning for Chancellor, he has also served as a member of the National Security Council Advisory Committee, a chair of Advisory Committee for Reforming Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a member of Peace and Prosperity Committee of Presidential Commission on Policy Planning roughly from the beginning of Moon's presidency.
He participated in "1.5 track meeting" in Helsinki between South Korean, North Korean and American officials in March 2018.
Moreover, he was previously a member of foreign policy and security sub-committee of policy evaluation committee under President Roh Moo-hyun.
Furthermore, he hosted several TV shows in early 2000s, and has frequently shared his views on updates on Inter-Korean and North Korea–United States relations on media.
After completing his doctorate studies in the United States, he worked as a researcher at the United States Institute of Peace. He then came back to Korea and taught international relations at multiple universities as part-time lecturer. Since 1999 when he joined the faculty as an assistant professor, he has been teaching international relations at School of International Studies, Languages and Literature of Handong Global University
Kim holds three degrees in politics: bachelor from Yonsei University in 1986 and master and doctorate in political science from George Washington University in 1990 and 1996.
On December 11, 2024, regarding South Korean President Yoon’s imposition of martial law, Kim claimed during a meeting of the National Assembly’s Foreign Affairs and Unification Committee that on Friday the 6th, ambassadors of the Five Eyes countries in South Korea met and decided to boycott all international summits, including APEC, if the president continued his duties. However, the U.S., Australian, British, and Canadian embassies later issued official statements asserting that Kim’s remarks were completely unfounded. As a result, Kim effectively became responsible for spreading fake news.
# Ken Xie

Ken Xie (Chinese: 谢青; pinyin: Xiè Qīng) is an American billionaire businessman who founded Systems Integration Solutions (SIS), NetScreen, and Fortinet.
He is CEO of Fortinet, a cybersecurity firm based in Silicon Valley. Xie was previously the CEO of NetScreen, which was acquired by Juniper Networks for $4 billion in 2004. He built the first ASIC-based firewall/VPN appliance in 1996.

## Early life

Xie was born and raised in China. He graduated from Tsinghua University with a B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering, and from Stanford University with an M.S. in electrical engineering.

## Career

In 1993, Xie founded a network security company, Systems Integration Solutions (SIS). Xie built the first ASIC-based firewall/VPN appliance in 1996, in his garage in Palo Alto, California. That same year he founded NetScreen Technologies, an online security firm, with Yan Ke and Feng Deng. NetScreen Technologies was later acquired by Juniper Networks Inc. for $4 billion.

### Fortinet

In 2000, Xie left NetScreen to create Fortinet with his brother Michael Xie, an electrical engineer. Since then, Ken Xie has served as Fortinet's CEO, while Michael Xie is president and chief technology officer. Xie has stated that he founded Fortinet because he believed that security must be embedded in the end-to-end computing and networking infrastructure. The Xie brothers launched the initial FortiGate products in May 2002. Xie has led Fortinet to acquire security monitoring firm AccelOps, endpoint security firm enSilo, SOAR platform provider CyberSponse, and the IoT-focused security firm Bradford Networks.
In January 2019, Xie was a discussion leader for the Centre for Cybersecurity’s cyber workforce session at Davos’ World Economic Forum (WEF) summit. In February 2020, Ken Xie spoke at the RSA conference in San Francisco about the importance of SD-WAN, edge computing, and automation. Xie is a founding member and a member of the board of directors of the Cyber Threat Alliance.

## Personal life

Xie is married and lives in Los Altos Hills, California. He is the father of Jaime Xie, a fashion influencer and star on the Netflix reality TV series Bling Empire. In September 2020, Xie joined the Forbes 400 list.
Xie was made a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2013.

### Private foundation

Xie runs a private foundation, along with his brother. Since 2009, Xie has had more than $30 million in income tax deductions by contributing shares of Fortinet to this private foundation. In 2017, the private foundation spent $3 million on a home in Cupertino, California which Xie and his then-girlfriend lived in. In January 2020, the house was transferred from the foundation to a LLC.
# Cyrus Tang

Cyrus Tang (Chinese: 唐仲英; pinyin: Táng Zhòngyīng; August 9, 1930 in Suzhou, China – 23 June 2018) was a Chinese American businessman and philanthropist who had holdings across a wide array of industries, including steel, aluminum, technology, and life sciences.

## Early life

He arrived in the United States in 1950 from Hong Kong to study at Penn Military Academy (now Widener University) before eventually relocating to Chicago, Illinois. In 1964, he founded his first wholly owned company, National Material, a steel processing and distribution company. A prolific entrepreneur, over the next several decades, he would go on to found and acquire over 150 companies. Today, the privately-held Tang group of companies is a multi-billion dollar enterprise with over 40 facilities throughout North and South America and Asia.

## Philanthropy

His philanthropic efforts in the United States and China centered around support for public policy, community development, education and healthcare. In a rare interview about his philanthropy, he said he deliberately employed a strategy of using philanthropy to inspire charitable impulses in others. As of 2018, he had given more than 100,000 scholarships to students in China with the stipulation that they reciprocate through community service. The experience transformed many of them from “feeling sorry for themselves to wondering what they can do to help others,” he told the Los Angeles Times in 2008. Education was one of the key factors that motivated Mr. Tang’s giving. “I believe success in life is not based on assets gained or knowledge acquired,” Tang said in the interview. “It is how we make use of what we have to contribute to society.”
His philanthropic efforts resulted in the establishment of three foundations – the Cyrus Tang Foundation, the Cyrus and Michael Tang Foundation, and the Tang Foundation for Research of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Notable projects funded by these three foundations include support for scholarships to middle school, high school and college Chinese students; the building of schools and a hospital in China; a U.S.-China institute at the RAND Corporation; the Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research at the University of Chicago, grants for research to the Asian Pacific American Legal Center, and the Cyrus Tang Hall of China at the Field Museum of Natural History.
Cyrus Tang Foundation Center, the brain child of Cyrus Tang, opened its doors in November 2015 in Suzhou, China. It is a complex which integrates multiple functional spaces, including the foundation's offices, a museum for displaying various gifts that the foundation has received, and spaces for holding exchange activities with its college members, including exhibitions, conferences, and training, etc. Arch Daily
# Township 3, Harper County, Kansas

Township 3 is a township in Harper County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population is 300.

## History

The township was officially designated "Township Number 3" until late 2007, when "Number" was dropped.

## Geography

Township 3 covers an area of 148.4 square miles (384 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements.
# 1922 Pulitzer Prize

The following are the Pulitzer Prizes for 1922.

## Journalism awards

* Public Service:
** New York World, for articles exposing the operations of the Ku Klux Klan, published during September and October, 1921.
* Reporting:
** Kirke L. Simpson of the Associated Press, for articles on the burial of the Unknown Soldier.
* Editorial Writing:
** Frank M. O'Brien of the New York Herald, for an editorial entitled, "The Unknown Soldier".
* Editorial Cartooning:
** Rollin Kirby of the New York World, for "On the Road to Moscow".

## Letters and Drama Awards

* Novel:
** Alice Adams by Booth Tarkington (Doubleday)
* Drama:
** Anna Christie by Eugene O'Neill
* History:
** The Founding of New England by James Truslow Adams (Little)
* Biography or Autobiography:
** A Daughter of the Middle Border by Hamlin Garland (Macmillan)
* Poetry:
** Collected Poems by Edwin Arlington Robinson (Macmillan)
# The Godmakers (novel)

The God Makers (1972) is a science fiction novel by Frank Herbert. Some later editions used a variant title, The Godmakers.

## Publication history

The novel The Godmakers expands upon a storyline appearing in four short stories over a decade earlier:
* "You Take the High Road". Appeared in Astounding Science Fiction, May 1958;
* "Missing link". Appeared in Astounding Science Fiction February 1959;
* "Operation Haystack". Appeared in Astounding Science Fiction, May 1959; and
* "The Priests of Psi". Appeared in Fantastic Science Fiction Stories, February 1960.

## Plot summary

The story focuses on Lewis Orne, an agent for a government agency which develops 'lost planets.' After correctly identifying a warlike civilization on the planet Hamal, he is drafted into Investigative Adjustment (I-A), which manages dangerous planets. Under the auspices of I-A, he travels to various planets in order to maintain peace throughout the galaxy. At the same time, the priests of the planet Amel, who practice 'religious engineering', set about creating a god, something they have done numerous times before:
   We do not know from what creature or thing the god will be born', the Abbod said. 'It could be one of you.
After resolving a number of dangerous situations, Lewis is injured and has a near-death experience. Following this, his psychic powers develop, and after passing a series of tests he becomes a god.

## Reception

Colin Greenland reviewed The Godmakers for Imagine magazine, and stated that "For all his ever-expanding cosmic perspective, Herbert still writes characters who look and sound as if they'd been cut off the backs of cornflake packets."