OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deepam TV

Deepam TV is a UK-based Tamil Channel in Europe Tamil language digital satellite Free to Air (FTA). Its main audience are Tamils and Sri Lankan Tamils living in Europe and the Middle East.
The channel was launched in June 2000. The channel broadcasts 24 hours a day from its studios in Hayes (west London). The channel is available across Europe, the Middle East and North Africa via Eutelsat's Eurobird 9 satellite. Also it is watchable worldwide via DBX. The channel is licensed to broadcast by Norwegian Media authority (Medietilsynet).
in 2013, Deepam Television Network has started four more 24 hours channels such as Isaicharal (Music Channel) Thiracharal (Movie Channel), Kalakalappu (comedy Channel) Deepam News (News Channel). These Channels are in full HD, watchable via DeeBox.
Deepam Radio Deepam Television network has started their online Radio in 2013. It is also available in DeeBox.
# Jean-Nicolas Gannal

Jean-Nicolas Gannal, (Saarlouis, 27 July 1791 – Paris, 13 January 1852) was a French pharmacist, chemist, inventor and military doctor.

## Biography

Gannal began his career as a pharmacist's apprentice. He was in the medical corps of the French Army from 1808 to 1812, during the Napoleonic Wars. He was at Metz, Hannover, and Lübeck. In 1812, because he spoke fluent German, he was assigned to Marshal Davout's headquarters as an interpreter. Gannal was captured by the Russians on 10 December 1812 and interned at Vilnius. He escaped and returned to French headquarters in Dresden on 19 June 1813 and was then redeployed. Gannal claimed to have been captured seven times in 18 months, the last time by the Austrians. He returned from captivity to Paris on 5 October 1815. After demobilization, he jointed the chemical laboratory at the École polytechnique, where he remained until 1818. He was an assistant preparator (préparateur adjoint) to Gay-Lussac and Thénard. He worked for the chemical laboratory of the Académie des Sciences.
Gannal then developed methods for industry and went into business for himself.
   His contributions to technical chemistry included a method of refining borax, the introduction of elastic rollers formed of gelatin and sugar for use in printing, and processes for manufacturing glue and gelatin, lint, white lead, &c. The Institute awarded him a Montyon prize in 1827 for his advocacy of chlorine as a remedy in pulmonary phthisis, and again in 1835 for his discovery of the efficacy of solutions of aluminium acetate and chloride for preserving anatomical preparations. In the latter part of his life he turned his attention to embalmment, his method depending on the injection of solutions of aluminium salts into the arteries.
He published his book Histoire des Embaumements in 1838. This work was translated into English in 1840 and was the basis for establishing the embalming method called in the U.S.A. the Gannal process ("procédé Gannal").
He married Theresia Demar; among their children were two physician-pharmacists. Jean-Nicolas Gannal was succeeded in his embalming business by a son and a grandson. In 1903, their company embalmed the body of Elie Faure, the famous historian of art. According to the company's records, the Gannal process was used to embalm the bodies of Hortense Schneider, Anna de Noailles, Paul Doumer, maréchal Joffre and many other celebrities.
Jean-Nicolas Gannal died in Paris on 13 January 1852, at his residence at 6 rue de Seine, and was buried at cimetière du Montparnasse.
# Smolice, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Smolice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobylin, within Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Kobylin, 19 km (12 mi) west of Krotoszyn, and 80 km (50 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
# Kingdom of Thanesar

Kingdom of Thanesar was an early medieval kingdom in northern India ruled by the Pushyabhuti dynasty from ~500 during the decline of the Gupta Empire untill ~606 CE when Harsha changed the capital to Kannauj.
The kingdom rised with the decline of the Gupta Empire due to the alchon huns invasions and ruled parts of northwestern India.

## History

Adithyavardhana married princess daughter of Damodara Gupta, king of Magadha,and probably sister of king Mahasena Gupta of Magadha, thus greatly increasing the power of his kingdom.
After the death of the last king of Makhuri dynasty of Kannauj, Harsha was crowned the Maharaja of Kannauj by the Kannauj nobles and moved his imperial centre from Thanesar to Kannauj, effectively merging the Kingdom of Thanesar with the Kingdom of Kannauj.
# 1998 Malpa landslide

The Malpa landslide was one of the worst landslides in India. On 18 August 1998 at 3.00 a.m., massive landslide wiped away the entire village of Malpa in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand, then in Uttar Pradesh in Kali Valley of Higher Kumaon division of the Himalayas.
The rockfall started on 16 August bringing down huge rocks which initially killed three mules. A total of 221 people died, including 60 Hindu pilgrims travelling to Tibet as part of "Kailash Manas Sarovar Yatra". One noted death was that of the Indian dancer Protima Bedi. The rockfall continued till 21 August. As the area lies in a seismic zone, the earthquakes of 1979 and 1980 may have been the underlying cause, as was attributed by a report of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology.

## Causes of landslide

The landslide generated around one million cubic meters of rock fall and debris flow. This debris partially blocked the Sharda River. The landslide prevailed mostly due to steep, almost vertical, slopes of rock above the valley. In addition to the slopes, the proximity of the rock mass to major tectonic plates, major rainfall into the porous rock, and stress on the rock formations all contributed to the landslide. Natural disasters in the area have been attributed to ″unplanned construction and urbanization on the fluvial and un-consolidated materials produced by active faults/thrusts in various sectors.″
The slide demonstrated the distressed state of rock in the Himalayan region because of the drift of the Indian plate northward.
# 1934 Twickenham by-election

The 1934 Twickenham by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 22 June 1934 for the British House of Commons constituency of Twickenham in Middlesex.
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Hylton Murray-Philipson, died on 24 May 1934, aged 31. He had held the seat since a by-election in 1932.
The result was a victory for the Conservative candidate Alfred Critchley, who had stood for the Empire Free Trade Crusade and the United Empire Party in the 1931 Islington East by-election and as a Conservative at the 1929 general election.

## Results

1934 Twickenham by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Alfred Critchley | 23,395 | 56.1 | −0.1 |
| | Labour Co-op | Percy Holman | 19,890 | 43.9 | +0.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,505 | 12.2 | −0.2 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 43,285 | 55.5 | +3.6 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 81,529 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | -0.1 | |
# 1935 City of London by-election

The 1935 City of London by-election was held on 26 June 1935. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Edward Grenfell being raised to the peerage as Baron St Just. It was won by the Conservative candidate Alan Anderson.
# 1936 Lewes by-election

The 1936 Lewes by-election was held on 18 June 1936. The by-election was held due to the elevation to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Loder. It was won by the Conservative candidate Tufton Beamish.
Lewes by-election, 1936 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Tufton Beamish | 14,646 | 65.96 |
| | Labour | Alban Gordon | 7,557 | 34.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,089 | 31.92 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 22,203 | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | |
# Julian Smith (publisher)

Sir Julian Stanley Smith KNZM OBE (born 29 October 1943) is a New Zealand businessman and one-time publisher of the Otago Daily Times (ODT) and director of Allied Press. Smith is the fifth generation of his family to run the paper.

## Early life and education

Born in Dunedin on 29 October 1943, Smith was educated at John McGlashan College followed by the University of Otago.

## Career

In 1974, he joined the board of the Evening Star Company Limited, which later merged with the Otago Daily Times to form Allied Press, which later merged with John M. Fraser & Co Ltd to form Otago Press and Produce (OPP). In 1986, Smith and other members of the management bought OPP and reconstituted Allied Press. Allied Press' assets consist of the Otago Daily Times, several local community and farming newspapers, and Channel 39. In 2016, Smith announced his retirement from the day-to-day running of the ODT.

## Honours

Smith has had the Smith Gallery at Toitū Otago Settlers Museum named after him.
In the 1994 Queen's Birthday Honours, Smith was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to business management and the community. In the 2013 New Year Honours, he was made a Knight Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to business.
# Anastasia Tsichlas

Anastasia Tsichlas is a football administrator and as of January 2025 a Vice-president of the South African Football Association. She has also been a football managing director of Mamelodi Sundowns, the Premiership club. She and her husband Angelo came on the board of the Sundowns in 1988, Anastasia became the managing director, while Angelo became the chairman.
She has been featured in many football magazines and is a well-known personality in African football due to both the success of her football team and her reputation as a ruthless manager.
She was a member of the FIFA organizational committee for the arrival, in 2010, of the FIFA World Cup in South Africa, as well as the FIFA Football Committee.
She has been nicknamed the "Iron Lady" by her African supporters; this honorable nickname is also due to her relentless efforts to promote women's football in Africa and the world.
# 1996 New Hampshire Learjet crash

On Christmas Eve 1996, a Learjet 35A business jet disappeared near Dorchester, New Hampshire, United States. The crash led to the longest missing aircraft search in the state's history, lasting almost three years. Media attention eventually resulted in congressional legislation mandating improved emergency locator transmitters (ELTs) be installed in U.S.-registered business jets.

## Crash information

The aircraft involved, registration N388LS, was operated by the Aircraft Charter Group and flown by pilots Johan Schwartz and Patrick Hayes for a repositioning flight to Lebanon, New Hampshire. They left Sikorsky Memorial Airport in Bridgeport, Connecticut at 09:19 am, and 25 minutes later were flying the approach into Lebanon Municipal Airport. After one attempt at the instrument landing system approach, the crew reported that they were unable to receive the localizer, when they were actually several miles off course. They presumed ground equipment failure, and the pilot told the tower that he was executing a missed approach. The aircraft's last radar contact was as it proceeded outbound, 7 nautical miles (13 km) northeast of the VOR, at 4,800 ft (1,500 m). As the business jet neared the inbound course to the VOR, the captain called out the outer marker. The first officer agreed, and the captain stated that they could descend to 2,300 ft. Shortly thereafter, the first officer stated that he was descending the aircraft to 2,300 ft. Three seconds later, the Learjet impacted trees, then terrain. The wreckage was located at an altitude of 2,300 ft, on rising mountainous terrain, 061° magnetic, 12.5 nautical miles from the VOR. The weather conditions were raining and foggy at the time.
Searches were mounted, unsuccessfully. The wreckage was found near Smarts Mountain almost three years later, on November 13, 1999, about 20 mi (32 km) from the airport. Debris was spread over a 150-yard (140 m) area in dense forest. The aircraft had descended into the ground 10.3 nmi (19.1 km) earlier than normal.
The cause of the accident, as determined by the National Transportation Safety Board, was:
   The captain's failure to maintain situational awareness, which resulted in the airplane being outside the confines of the instrument approach; and the crew's misinterpretation of a step-down fix passage, which resulted in an early descent into rising terrain. Factors included the captain's misreading of the instrument approach procedure, the crew's rushed and incomplete instrument approach briefing, their failure to use additional, available navigational aids, and their failure to account for the winds at altitude.

## ELT regulations

The crashed aircraft had no ELT on board, as that class of aircraft when used for FAR Part 135 charter operations, was exempt from the federal requirements for this type of beacon. As a result, Congress directed the FAA to require the installation of 406 MHz ELTs in all business jets (replacing the 121.5 MHz units installed in some).
# Physemus

Physemus is a genus of minute marsh beetles in the family Limnichidae. There are currently six described species.

## Species

These six species belong to the genus Physemus:
* Physemus excavatus Wooldridge, 1976$^{icg}$
* Physemus latifrons Wooldridge, 1984$^{icg}$
* Physemus levis Wooldridge, 1984$^{icg}$
* Physemus minutus Leconte, 1854$^{icgb}$
* Physemus mirus Wooldridge, 1984$^{icg}$
* Physemus punctatus Wooldridge, 1976$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Media Source Inc.

Media Source Inc. (MSI) is an American company based in Plain City, Ohio. It began in 1980 as Pages and changed its name in March 1999. It owns Horn Book, including The Horn Book Magazine, Junior Library Guild, Library Hotline, Library Journal (acquired in 2010), and School Library Journal (acquired in 2010), and Digital Shift. All of these holdings are under its subsidiary MSI Information Services, the primary trade name under which the company does business. MSI was purchased by the private equity firm RLJ Equity Partners in 2011.
# Nova Iguaçu level crossing disaster

The Nova Iguaçu level crossing disaster occurred on June 7, 1951, at 4:25 a.m. when an electric train struck a gasoline truck on a level crossing near Nova Iguacu, twenty miles north of Rio de Janeiro, killing 54 people.
The Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil company's train was travelling from Belém, and its five steel cars were full of early morning commuters heading for Rio. The truck, which carried 4,500 gallons of gasoline, had stalled on the level crossing. When the train struck the tanker exploded; many of the passengers were burnt alive; some were still sitting in their seats, while others piled up by the doors. In all 54 people were killed and 44 more injured.

## Sources

* Railway Wrecks by Edgar A. Haine, page 146, publ 1993, ISBN 0-8453-4844-2
# Mikael Appelgren (handballer)

Mikael Appelgren (born 6 September 1989) is a Swedish handball player for Rhein-Neckar Löwen.
He competed at the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.
# Alligator River (North Carolina)

Alligator River is a small river in eastern North Carolina, separating Dare County and Tyrrell County. It empties into Albemarle Sound. A 21-mile canal connects the Alligator River with Pungo River to its west. The Lindsey C. Warren Bridge of U.S. Route 64 crosses the river.
The Alligator River is protected as part of Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. Habitat bordering the Refuge includes many diverse types including high and low pocosin, bogs, fresh and brackish water marshes, hardwood swamps, and Atlantic white cypress swamps. Plant species include pitcher plants and sun dews, low bush cranberries, redbay, Atlantic white cypress, pond pine, American sweetgum, red maple, and a wide variety of herbaceous and shrub species common to the East Coast.
The refuge is one of the premier strongholds for American black bear on the Eastern Seaboard. It also has concentrations of ducks, geese, and swans. The wildlife diversity includes wading birds, shorebirds, American woodcock, raptors, black bears, alligators, white-tailed deer, raccoons, cottontail rabbits, bobwhite quail, northern river otters, red wolves, red-cockaded woodpeckers, and neotropical migrants.
# Ramser Arboretum

40°32′10″N 82°17′59″W﻿ / ﻿40.5361923°N 82.29967999999996°W﻿ / 40.5361923; -82.29967999999996 Ramser Arboretum (680 acres) is an arboretum at the intersection of Ohio State Route 3 and Ohio State Route 205 in Danville, Ohio. Although privately owned, the arboretum is open to the public year-round except for deer-hunting season.
The arboretum contains native woodland, planted hardwood, and agricultural land, with six miles (10 km) of hiking trails on hilly terrain.
# Kazimierz Krzyżański

Kazimierz Krzyżański (born March 3, 1960) is a Polish sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s. He won two medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver (K-4 500 m: 1987) and a bronze (K-4 1000 m: 1986).
Krzyżański also finished fifth in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul.
# Alex McCrae

Alexander McCrae (2 January 1920 – 8 October 2009) was a Scottish footballer, who played for Hearts, Charlton Athletic, Middlesbrough and Falkirk during his career.

## Playing career

McCrae began his career at Hearts in 1941. He later moved to London to play for Charlton Athletic but was unable to settle and was snapped up by Middlesbrough for £10,000 in October 1948.
The versatile frontman could play in any forward position but favoured the inside left role. He began his career with the club in the 1948–49 season in the absence of Wilf Mannion, but his form was poor and soon he was dropped from the side. Eventually, he was recalled alongside Mannion, where he showed his pace, accurate passing and sublime ball skills.
After scoring 16 goals in the 1949–50 season, including the winner in a home 1–0 victory over Newcastle United on Boxing Day, he became a fans favourite. He topped the scoring charts the next season, scoring three hat-tricks before Christmas, but injury robbed him from helping the side finish higher than sixth in the table that season. McCrae then scored 21 goals in the 1950/51 season. As of 2009, he was the last player to score 20 goals in a season for Middlesbrough while playing in the top division of the English football league system.
He left the club for Falkirk in 1953, and followed this with a spell in Northern Ireland with Ballymena. During his stint with Ballymena, McCrae made one appearance for the Irish League representative team.

## After football

After retiring from playing, he became Middlesbrough's scout in Scotland, where he recommended future legend Jim Platt to the club.

## Honours
### Falkirk

* Stirlingshire Cup : 1960–61, 1963–64
# Amaleus

In Greek mythology, Amaleus (Ancient Greek: Ἀμαλεύς, romanized: Amaleús) is the name of the eldest of the Niobids, the twelve or fourteen children of Amphion, king of Thebes, by his wife Queen Niobe. Although the Niobids are primarily notable for the myth of Niobe's blasphemous boast against the goddess Leto, Amaleus has a unique appearance of his own in myth, where an attempt on his life was made by his aunt, Aëdon, wife to his father's brother.

## Etymology

The ancient Greek proper name Ἀμαλεύς might be connected to the Greek noun ἀμαλός (amalós), meaning 'soft'. A son of Amphion named Homoloeus (Ancient Greek: Ὁμολωεύς, romanized: Homolōeús) appears as an eponym in a scholium on Euripides.

## Mythology
### Aëdon

Amaleus had many siblings and only one cousin, Itylus, the son of his uncle Zethus by his wife, Aëdon. All the Niobids but especially Amaleus got along greatly with cousin Itylus; the two boys slept together in the same room and, in some accounts, bed. However Aëdon deeply resented Niobe for having borne so many children while she only had one, so she conceived a plan to kill Amaleus, who was the firstborn child. She instructed Itylus to sleep in the back of the room, or in the innermost position of the bed that night, but Itylus forgot about his mother's orders. So that night when Aëdon crept up into the room wielding a dagger and planning to murder the unsuspecting Amaleus, she ended up killing her own child Itylus instead. In another version Aëdon succeeded in killing Amaleus, but immediately took the life of her own son as well, in fear of Niobe's reaction.

### Niobe's boast

Amaleus's mother Niobe was exceedingly proud of the vast progeny she had produced for her husband. In the most known narrative concerning Niobe and her children, she boasted of being a greater mother than the goddess Leto, for she had many children, while Leto only had two. Leto informed her two children, the archer gods Artemis and Apollo, and they took the matter in their own hands; they slew all the Niobids. It was said that the boys, whom Apollo slew, were killed while they were hunting in the woods. Their father, Amphion, committed suicide at the sight of the lifeless bodies of his sons, or was slain by Apollo while storming his temple in protest. Niobe herself would be transformed into rock following the slaying of the daughters. In a rarer version, Niobe's father, named Asson instead, fell in love with Niobe, but she would not yield to his incestuous embraces, so he invited all her children to a banquet and burnt them all to death in revenge.
# Archemachus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Archemachus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρχέμαχoς) may refer to the following personages:
* Archemachus, the Thespian son of Heracles and Patro, daughter of King Thespius of Thespiae. Archemachus and his 49 half-brothers were born of Thespius' daughters who were impregnated by Heracles in one night, for a week or in the course of 50 days while hunting for the Cithaeronian lion. Later on, the hero sent a message to Thespius to keep seven of these sons and send three of them in Thebes while the remaining forty, joined by Iolaus, were dispatched to the island of Sardinia to found a colony.
* Archemachus, a prince of Troy as one of the sons of King Priam.