OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Parker, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield

Thomas Parker, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield FRS (12 October 1723 – 9 February 1795), styled Viscount Parker between 1732 and 1764, was a British peer and politician.

## Early life

Macclesfield was the son of George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, and Mary, daughter of Ralph Lane.

## Political career

Macclesfield was returned to Parliament for Newcastle-under-Lyme in 1747, a seat he held until 1754, and then represented Oxfordshire between 1754 and 1761 and Rochester between 1761 and 1764. The latter year he succeeded his father in the earldom and entered the House of Lords. The family seat was Shirburn Castle in Oxfordshire.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in November 1747.

## Family

Lord Macclesfield married his first cousin, Mary, daughter of Sir William Heathcote, 1st Baronet, and Elizabeth Parker, in 1749. They had four children:
* Lady Elizabeth Parker (29 June 1751 – 10 June 1829), who married John Fane, son of Henry Fane MP and Charlotte Luther. They had six children.
* Lady Mary Parker (b. 16 March 1753).
* George Parker, 4th Earl of Macclesfield (1755–1842).
* Thomas Parker, 5th Earl of Macclesfield (1763–1850), who married firstly a daughter of Lewis Edwards and had four daughters of which one, Amelia, married William Montgomery, grandson of Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor. He married secondly Eliza Wolstenholme, daughter of William Breton Wolstenholme, and with her had a son Thomas (later succeeding him as Earl), and two daughters Lavinia who married the Hon. John Dutton, son of John Dutton, 2nd Baron Sherborne and Laura who married Hugh Seymour McDonnell, 4th Earl of Antrim.
He died in February 1795, aged 71, and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son, George. Lady Macclesfield died in May 1812.
# Barry Jackson (surgeon)

Sir Barry Trevor Jackson (born July 1936), is a British surgeon, who, between 1991 and 2001, was Serjeant Surgeon to the Queen, and president of the Royal College of Surgeons from 1998 to 2001. He was made a Knight Bachelor in the 2001 New Year Honours, "for services to training and education in surgery".
He served as president of the Royal Society of Medicine from 2002 to 2004. Previously he was a gastrointestinal surgeon at St Thomas' Hospital, London, for over 30 years.

## Publications

* Jackson, Barry. "Treatment of depression by self-reinforcement." Behavior Therapy (1972). doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(72)80095-9
* Jackson, Barry Alan, James A. Schwane, and Barry C. Starcher. "Effect of ultrasound therapy on the repair of Achilles tendon injuries in rats." Medicine and science in sports and exercise 23, no. 2 (1991): 171-176.
* Jackson, Barry. "What Makes an Excellent Surgeon?" Obesity Surgery 29, 1087–1089 (2019). doi:10.1007/s11695-019-03778-8
# TK95

The TK 95 microcomputer was a 1986 ZX Spectrum clone by Microdigital Eletrônica, a company located at São Paulo, Brazil. It was an evolution of the TK90X introduced the previous year.
The case was redesigned (copied from the Commodore Plus/4) and the keyboard was said to be "semi-professional" (according to the Brazilian manufacturer), with the addition of some Sinclair BASIC commands that did not exist in the ZX Spectrum's basic set (for user-defined characters – UDG), and better compatibility with the original ZX Spectrum (compared to the TK90X).
Like the Spectrum, the machine had 48 kilobytes of RAM. Inside, the same processor: Z80A running at 3.58 MHz, a 16 KB ROM chip and some RAM chips (old dynamic rams 4116 and 4416). Microdigital did some reverse engineering to develop a chip with the functions of the original ULA from Sinclair/Ferranti. The modulator was tuned to VHF channel 3 and the TV system was PAL-M (60 Hz). The cassette interface ran at a faster speed than the Spectrum.
Only two peripherals were released by Microdigital – a light pen interface and a parallel printer interface. Other companies in Brazil released clone versions of Interface 1 joysticks (Atari 2600-compatibles) and interfaces for 5¼" PC drives (360 KB). The games had questionable legality being close to copies of the originals and the fans of the ZX Spectrum computer in Brazil were counted in tens of thousands.
# Lotte Card

Lotte Card Co, Ltd. is a Korean credit card company. Headquartered in Seoul, Lotte Card has a partnership with Lotte Capital, and both companies are part of the Lotte Corporation. Lotte Card was established in December 2002 as a technical and business company licensed by American Express and Lotte Department Store.
# Glendale, New South Wales

Glendale is a suburb of the City of Lake Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia, located 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Newcastle's central business district at the northern tip of Lake Macquarie city.

## Name

The name is Scottish in origin – "glen" (gleann) is a Scottish term for a valley between hills, and "dale", also usually meaning a valley.

## Transport

Relative to other areas in Greater Newcastle, Glendale is well serviced by public transport and is adjacent to, but not directly connected to, the Cardiff industrial estate, which is the largest industrial estate in the Lower Hunter region. The railway line presently separates the industrial estate from Glendale. The suburb is home to the proposed Lake Macquarie Transport Interchange, which is partly currently under construction.

## Education

* Major campus of Hunter TAFE
* Glendale Technology High School
* Glendale East Public School
* Holy Cross Primary School

## History

The Aboriginal people, in this area, the Awabakal, were the first people of this land.

## Commercial area

The commercial area of Glendale is situated along Lake Road and Main Road featuring fast food outlets, petrol stations, and numerous shops. Stockland Glendale is a shopping centre just off Lake Road.
# Stones River Greenway Arboretum

The Stones River Greenway Arboretum is an arboretum located along the Stones River Greenway, beside the Stones River, in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
The arboretum contains species native to the area, many were originally on the site when it was established. Species include hardwoods at the higher elevations, and softwoods in the lower areas. This arboretum was certified as a Level 1 arboretum by the Tennessee Urban Forestry Council in 2003. Access is available through a number of Greenway trailheads throughout Murfreesboro.$^{:4}$
# Nils Hjelmström

Nils Hjelmström (29 August 1915 – 17 October 2003) was a Swedish ski jumper. He competed in the individual event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
# Tovarnik massacre

The Tovarnik massacre was the mass murder of Croat civilians by the JNA and other Serb forces on 22 September 1991 in the village of Tovarnik.

## Background

During the September 1991 Yugoslav Campaign in Croatia, JNA forces and local Serb rebels from surrounding areas, attacked and occupied several villages in Eastern Slavonia and Croatian Syrmia (modern-day Vukovar-Srijem County) during the JNA-led offensive against Vukovar and adjacent areas.
The village of Tovarnik, on the border with Serbia, was located 25 kilometres from Vukovar. The JNA started to shell Tovarnik on 12 September 1991. An ultimatum was soon given to the residents of Tovarnik to surrender control of the village to the JNA. While negotiations were still ongoing, the JNA attacked and shelled the village on 20 September. The next day, the JNA entered the village with tanks.

## Killings

Once JNA forces, and other local Serb rebels, entered the village they immediately began to abuse and kill the remaining Croat inhabitants that had not been able to flee, 68 Croat civilians were killed on 22 September 1991. Among those killed included the village priest, Ivan Burik.
According to the findings of the Belgrade-based Humanitarian Law Centre, a total of 80 local residents of Tovarnik were killed by JNA and other Serb forces, during and after the attack on the village.
In the months following the massacre, the local Croat civilian population that remained continued to be abused and persecuted. Croats were forced to wear white armbands to identify themselves. Civilians from Tovarnik and nearby areas continued to be psychologically and physically tortured, with some 300 civilians and POWs taken to nearby detention camps. Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina had expelled 95% of the 2,500 Croat inhabitants by the end of 1991 and had destroyed 75% of the homes and buildings in the village.
# Luntz

Luntz is a German or Yiddish surname, a variant of Lunz. Notable people with the surname include:
* Édouard Luntz (1931–2009), French film director
* Frank Luntz (born 1962), American political consultant and pollster
* Harold Luntz (1937–2025), Australian law professor
# Photo caption

Photo captions, also known as cutlines, are a few lines of text used to explain and elaborate on published photographs. In some cases captions and cutlines are distinguished, where the caption is a short (usually one-line) title/explanation for the photo, while the cutline is a longer, prose block under the caption, generally describing the photograph, giving context, or relating it to the article.
Captions more than a few sentences long are often referred to as a "copy block". They are a type of display copy. Display copy also includes headlines and contrasts with "body copy", such as newspaper articles and magazines. Captions can also be generated by automatic image captioning software.
# Public Health Doctor

Public Health Doctor (Korean: 공중보건의사, 公衆保健醫師) is a service system under Conscription in South Korea, which allows persons subject to conscription with a medical license to serve in doctorless villages (remote islands, etc.), public hospitals, or public health centers without doctors.
Those who are subject to conscription with a medical license are eligible for selection. The selection of those Subject to Conscription with a Medical license or in the case of some medical officer candidates. They are selected if necessary for private public hospitals. No military doctor quota has been established.

## History

* 1979: According to the "Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Services in Nation Citizens"(국민보건의료를 위한 특별조치법) revised on December 8, 1978, public health work was required for those who were included in the military register of reserve officers who qualified as doctors from 1979. This is the beginning of the Public Health Doctor concept. In that year, 604 public health doctors (doctors 304, dentists 304) were deployed to farming and fishing villages.
* December 31, 1980: The "Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Services in Nation Citizens" and "Act on the Basis for Public Health Doctors" changed to the "Act on Special Measures for Health and Medical Services in Agricultural and Fishing Villages" (농어촌 보건의료를 위한 특별조치법).
* 1990: Service status and military rank in the Public Health Doctor changed from Reserve Officer to Supplementary Private for the "Act on the Regulation of Special Cases of Compulsory Military Service(병역의무의 특례규제에 관한 법률).

## Deployed Medical facilities

Medical facilities that deploy Public Health Doctors include:
* Public Health Center, Public Hospital
** Health center, health subcenter (public health center, public health center branch)
** Public hospital designated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (hospital established and operated by the central government, local government or public institution)
* Research Institute for Public Health and Medical Service
* Facilities prescribed in the Enforcement Decree of the Act
** Hospital ship
** A hospital that is supported by the government among private hospitals in the counties and small and medium-sized cities where it is difficult to secure doctors, and is determined by the Minister of Health and Welfare
** Social Welfare facilities
** Medical facilities in detention center and prison
** Emergency medical facilities
# Abus gun

The Abus gun (Turkish: Obüs meaning howitzer) is an early form of artillery created by the Ottoman Empire. They were small, but often too heavy to carry, and many were equipped with a type of tripod. They fired projectiles weighing between 3 and 9 caps (in modern measures, between 3.8 and 11.5 kilograms (8.4 and 25.4 lb)). Abus guns, despite being a form of howitzer, were primarily used as an anti-infantry weapon.

## Development

Its origins are not known. Early artillery such as this gun opened the way for the developments in artillery made across the ages, and spawned more recent and familiar types of artillery. By the Napoleonic era:
   Each regiment of foot artillery was made up of 10 cannons; four of the older, heavy Balyemez [de] and Sahi cannons, two of the older, lighter Abus guns and four of the new French-designed field guns... each of which came in a bewildering range of sizes. The Balyemez were massive, long-range guns...Şahi was the Ottoman word for "field," and therefore Şahi artillery meant simply field artillery... The Abus guns were a form of howitzer and came in 10- and 7-centimeter diameter bores. The French-design guns were known as Sürat Topçusu (speed artillery) because of their greater mobility."

## Mechanics

Abus guns were a short-barreled artillery machine that fired shots about the size of a human fist. They also had many varieties of artillery, from large siege bombard to the mobile Abus guns in question. Though light enough to carry, they needed to be equipped with a tripod of sorts. This movability was opposed to locating them in a guarded artillery emplacement, where versatility of the weapon would have been considerably restricted. The design remained unchanged until 1830 when the Prussian military advisers appointed by the sultan made a few minor improvements, standardising the weapons in order to improve efficiency.

## In popular culture

Abus guns are used by the Ottomans in Age of Empires III, serving as a form of light artillery.
# ELANA

Elana may refer to:
* ELANA, excimer laser-assisted nonocclusive anastomosis, a type of bypass surgery
* ELaNa: Educational Launch of Nanosatellites, the CubeSat launch program managed by NASA's Launch Services Program
* Elana Toruń, a Polish football club
* Elana, West Virginia

## People

* Elana K. Arnold, American children's and young adult author who wrote What Girls Are Made Of
* Elana Bell (born 1977), American poet
* Elana Dykewomon (born 1949), American lesbian activist and author
* Elana Eden (born 1940), Israeli actress
* Elana Greenfield, American playwright
* Elana Herzog (born 1954), American installation artist
* Elana Hill (born 1988), Zimbabwean rower
* Elana James (born 1970) American singer and songwriter
* Elana Johnson (born 1950), American young adult author, known for her Possession series
* Elana Mann (born 1982), American artist
* Elana Meyer (born 1966), South African runner
* Elana Meyers (born 1984), American bobsledder
* Elana Stone (born 1980), Australian singer
* Elana Maryles Sztokman (born 1969), American sociologist
* Elana Wills (born 1962), American State Supreme Court justice
# Ferricyanide

Ferricyanide is the name of the anion [Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{3−}$. It is also called hexacyanoferrate(III) and in rare, but systematic nomenclature, hexacyanidoferrate(III). The most common salt of this anion is potassium ferricyanide, a red crystalline material that is used as an oxidant in organic chemistry.

## Properties

[Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{3−}$ consists of a Fe$^{3+}$ center bound in octahedral geometry to six cyanide ligands. The complex has O$_h$ symmetry. The iron is low spin and easily reduced to the related ferrocyanide ion [Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{4−}$, which is a ferrous (Fe$^{2+}$) derivative. This redox couple is reversible and entails no making or breaking of Fe–C bonds:
    [Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{3−}$ + e$^−$ ⇌ [Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{4−}$
This redox couple is a standard in electrochemistry.
Compared to main group cyanides like potassium cyanide, ferricyanides are much less toxic because of the strong bond between the cyanide ion (CN$^−$) and the Fe$^{3+}$. They do react with mineral acids, however, to release highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.

## Uses

Treatment of ferricyanide with iron(II) salts affords the brilliant, long-lasting pigment Prussian blue, the traditional color of blueprints.
# Mirkowiczki

Mirkowiczki is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Mieścisko, within Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Mieścisko, 13 km (8 mi) east of Wągrowiec, and 56 km (35 mi) north-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Samborsko

Samborsko (German: Zamborst) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jastrowie, within Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It was founded in 1580 and had a church. The village lies approximately 5.5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Jastrowie, 23 km (14 mi) west of Złotów, and 114 km (71 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
Before 1945 the area was part of Prussia and later Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania and Territorial changes of Poland after World War II.

## Notable residents

* Michael Christoph Hanow (1695-1773), German scientist
* Gerhard Janensch (1860–1933), German sculptor and medailleur
# John Hutchinson (surgeon)

John Hutchinson was born in 1811 in Ryton, a village near Newcastle upon Tyne, where his father was a yeoman farmer and colliery manager. Hutchinson initially trained as a surgeon in the North-East, but following his father’s death in 1834, he went to London and completed his training at University College, passing the examination for MRCS in 1836.
In 1840 he married Ann Sarah Buckle, the daughter of a London merchant. Her brother was Henry Buckle.
Hutchinson invented the spirometer, a device for measuring lung capacity, which he used while evaluating candidates for life insurance as a surgeon for Brittania Life. He gave the maximum measurable lung capacity the name 'vital capacity’, a term which persists to the present day. He undertook the first systematic study of vital capacity, measuring over two thousand individuals from all walks of life, and has been described as ‘the first respiratory epidemiologist' He presented his findings to the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London (later the Royal Society of Medicine). He was the first person to recognise the importance of normal reference values for lung volumes, which he based upon height. His work gained him the degree of MD from Geissen, which gave him the title of Dr. Hutchinson, and allowed him to refer to himself as a physician, an important distinction.
In common with other practitioners of the time, Hutchinson was very concerned about the need for good ventilation in indoor environments, since disease was thought to be caused by miasmas of rotting matter, or ‘malaria’. He also took an interest in the safety of coal miners, and gave evidence to the House of Lords on the need for secure and separate air channels for ingress and egress of air. His interest in ventilation led to him acting as a consultant to Sir Goldsworthy Gurney in his attempts to improve the ventilation and heating of the Houses of Parliament.
Hutchinson was appointed an Assistant Physician at the Brompton Hospital for Chest Diseases in London, and had a wife and son. Despite his apparent success in life, in 1852 he abandoned both his London career and his family and signed on as a ship’s surgeon travelling to Melbourne, Australia and later to the gold-rush town of Sandhurst (Bendigo), where he practised as a physician. After several high-profile disputes with both medical colleagues and other citizenshe sailed to Fiji in 1861, where he died a few months later after contracting dysentery.
In addition to his inventive engineering skills, Hutchinson was described by colleagues as a talented musician, draughtsman, and sculptor. The reason for his departure for Australia has never been satisfactorily explained.
# Jadea Kelly

Jadea Kelly is a singer-songwriter from Whitby, Ontario, Canada.

## Career

Kelly's 2008 debut album, Second Spring, was produced by Ross Hayes Citrullo and received the "best country" award at the 2008 Toronto Independent Music Awards. At the end of 2009 Jadea began touring and performed shows with Ramblin Jack Elliot, Melissa McClelland, Luke Doucet, Ariana Gillis, Catherine MacLellan, Justin Rutledge and Jack Marks. In 2010, she released the album Eastbound Platform, which she recorded with producer David Baxter. Her third album, Clover, was released in 2013.
Kelly is also known for being a frequent collaborator of fellow Whitby musicians, and progressive metal act, Protest the Hero, providing several guest vocal appearances within the group's discography throughout their career, with her last to-date appearance on their 2013 fourth studio album Volition.
At the 12th Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2016, Kelly won the award for Contemporary Singer of the Year for her album Love & Lust.

## Discography
### Albums

* Second Spring (2008)
* Eastbound Platform (2010)
* Clover (2013)
* Love & Lust (2016)
* Roses (2022)
* Weather Girl (2024)

### Singles and EPs

* It's Better To Be With You (2003)
* Down Wave (2006)
* Met While Incarcerated (2019)
# Sarbicko

Sarbicko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuliszków, within Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Tuliszków, 17 km (11 mi) west of Turek, and 100 km (62 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Dhu'ayb ibn Musa

Dhu'ayb ibn Musa al-Wadi'i al-Hamdani (Also Zoeb, Zoaib & Zuayb; Arabic: ذؤيب بن موسى الوادعي الهمداني, romanized: Dhuʾayb ibn Mūsā al-Wādiʿī al-Hamdānī; died 29 April 1151) was the first dāʿī al-muṭlaq, a position of spiritual authority in Tayyibi Isma'ili Islam. He was appointed to the position by Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi.

## Career

Dhu'ayb began his career as a member of the pro-Fatimid, Musta'li daʿwa in Yemen, and rose to become an assistant of the local chief missionary (dāʿī), Yahya ibn Lamak. Shortly before his death in 1126, Ibn Lamak, after consulting the Sulayhid queen Arwa al-Sulayhi, chose him as his successor.
In 1130, following the death of the Fatimid imam-caliph al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah, Musta'li Isma'ilism was split into the Hafizi and Tayyibi branches, with the former acknowledging the succession of al-Amir's cousin al-Hafiz li-Din Allah, and the latter the succession of al-Amir's infant son, al-Tayyib. In Yemen, the hitherto pro-Fatimid queen Arwa sided with the Tayyibis and broke off relations with Cairo, while the regional dynasties of the Hamdanids and the Zurayids recognized al-Hafiz's claims. Until her death in 1138, Arwa effectively headed the new Tayyibi daʿwa, and came to be regarded by the Tayyibis as hujja, the living proof of the hidden (satr) imam al-Tayyib. With the support of Dhu'ayb and other dāʿīs, the queen spent most of her final years in organizing the new sect. Sometime after 1132, she appointed Dhu'ayb as dāʿī al-muṭlaq, thus making him the head of the daʿwa on behalf of the hidden imam. This was not an easy undertaking, as the other Yemeni rulers did not adopt Tayyibi Isma'ilism, and after Arwa's death, the Tayyibis were left without a strong patron. Nevertheless, precisely due to the establishment of an independent hierarchy, separate from both the Fatimids and the Sulayhids, the Tayyibi daʿwa managed to not only survive both regimes, but also spread in the region.
As dāʿī, Dhu'ayb managed to convert al-Khattab ibn al-Hasan ibn Abi'l-Hifaz, the chieftain of the al-Hajur clan of the Banu Hamdan tribe. A skilled warrior and notable poet and theologian, al-Khattab became Dhu'ayb's principal aide, and an important asset to the Sulayhid and Tayyibi cause, until his murder by his nephews in a dispute over control of al-Hajur in 1138. Al-Khattab was succeeded as chief assistant (maʾdhūn) by another Hamdanid, Ibrahim ibn al-Husayn al-Hamidi. When Dhu'ayb died in 1151, Ibrahim became the new dāʿī al-muṭlaq.