OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Platycheirus manicatus

Platycheirus manicatus is a species of hoverfly. It is found across the Palearctic and in Alaska.

## Description of males

External images and distribution map

   ### For terminology see

* Spheight's Key to Genera of European Syrphidae with Morphological terms.
* Glossary of morphological terminology of adult Syrphidae, Steenis
* Picture key to Nearctic syrphid genera, Miranda et al.

   ### Length

       7.9–10.1 mm (0.31–0.40 in)
The face is strongly protruding downward, with the anterior oral margin extending well beyond the tubercle. The face is powdery yellow except for the shining black tubercle. (see Figure 1 and general anatomy) The legs are dark, but with short tip of femora and connection of the tibiae pale. The first two tarsomeres of the foreleg are very pale. The first front tarsomere (T1, see general anatomy) is nearly triangular, about 2.5 times as wide as the tip of the tibia, and slightly longer than wide. The second front tarsomere (T2) is nearly rectangular, three-quarters as wide as the first tarsomere, and one-quarter as long. The remaining fore tarsomeres are unmodified. The fore tibia has several fine, wavy setae (hairs) on the outer half of the bottom surface, with the longest setae being approximately three times the tibial width. The middle tibia has sparse, wavy, posterodorsal, and posterior pile (hairs) on the outer half, with the longest pile being about four times as long as the tibial diameter.(Figure 2) The first tarsomere (T1) of the hind leg is strongly swollen. The rest of the legs are unchanged. The entire thorax is strongly yellow or grey powdery, with dense thoracic pile, half pale and half dark. The halter is yellow, and the wing is completely microtrichose (microscopic hairs). The abdomen is narrowly oval, with spots of tergites 2-4 being yellow, longer than wide, and separated from the anterior and lateral margins of the tergites. The female has small yellow spots on tergite 5 ( see figure 1 bottom)
* General Anatomy click to enlarge
* Legs
* Head
* Wing
* Body

## Distribution

Palearctic: Fennoscandia south to Iberia, the Mediterranean basin, Ireland eastwards through Europe into Turkey and Russia then Siberia and the Altai. Nearctic: Alaska and Greenland.

## Biology

Habitat: fen, humid, grassland (to above 2,000 metres or 6,600 feet in the Alps), moorland and taiga. It flies May to September.
# Lepista arabica

Lepista arabica is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Rebel in 1907. It is found in Eritrea, Oman and Yemen.
# 1597 in science

The year 1597 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Astronomy

* Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman define 12 southern constellations (1595–1597), introduced later by Johann Bayer in the 1603 text Uranometria: Apus, Chamaeleon, Dorado, Grus, Hydrus, Indus, Musca, Pavo, Phoenix, Triangulum Australe, Tucana, Volans.

## Botany

* John Gerard's The Herball, or generall historie of plantes published in London.

## Chemistry

* Andreas Libavius's chemistry textbook Alchemia published.

## Births

* April 13 – Giovanni Battista Hodierna, Italian astronomer (died 1660)
* Henry Gellibrand, English mathematician (died 1637)

## Deaths

* February 6 – Franciscus Patricius (born Franjo Petriš), Venetian philosopher and scientist of Croatian descent (born 1529)
* June 20 – Willem Barentsz, Dutch explorer (born c. 1550) (at sea)
# Heinrich Ernst Göring

Heinrich Ernst Göring (31 October 1839 – 7 December 1913) was a German jurist and diplomat who served as colonial governor of German South West Africa. He was the father of five children including Hermann Göring, the Nazi leader and commander of the Luftwaffe (German Air Force).

## Early life

Göring was born in Emmerich am Rhein. He was the son of Wilhelm Göring (1791–1874), and his wife, Caroline Maria de Nerée (1815–1886).

## Career

After a career as a provincial judge, the Dutch-speaking Göring was appointed as the first Imperial Commissioner of German South West Africa in 1885. (German commercial interests had forced the Imperial Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, into creating a state-financed colonial administration to support his country's fledgling Protectorate of South West Africa.)
Göring started by signing a "protection treaty" with the leading Herero chief, Maharero. The treaty of protection was not worth the paper on which it was written, as Göring was in no position to offer assistance. Repeated armed attacks by Witbooi's Nama clan proved the point. The treaty was repudiated a few years later by Maharero, who also expelled Göring from Hereroland. The Germans' behaviour had become too much, and, worst of all, Göring had (perhaps unwittingly) extended his house on top of a Herero ancestral graveyard. An alleged discovery of gold c. 1887 was a hoax: the purported gold deposits were nothing apart from the remains of gold pieces fired at a rock face. The identity of the hoaxer remains a mystery, but suspicion falls on Göring making a last-ditch desperate attempt to bring investment to the protectorate and thus to save his failing mission.
Göring left South West Africa in August 1890 without having been able to settle the constant friction between the Herero and the Oorlam people. The expected vast gold deposits started a gold rush of German settlers and investors, whose behaviour further alienated the Herero. This eventually led to the Herero and Namaqua genocide (1904–1908). Herero skulls were eventually used by the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, which pursued a policy of eugenics.
From 1892 to 1895, Göring resided in Haiti's capital, Port-au-Prince, as the German resident minister for Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

## Personal life

Göring married, secondly, to Franziska Tiefenbrunn: the marriage produced five recorded children:
* Karl-Ernst Göring (1885––1932), a jurist.
* Olga Therese Sophie Göring (1889–1970)
* Paula Elisabeth Rosa Göring (1890–1960)
* Hermann Göring (1893–1946), German politician, military leader, and leading member of the Nazi Party.
* Albert Göring (1895–1966), businessman.
Göring died in Munich on 7 December 1913.
# Dagger alif

The dagger alif (Arabic: ألف خنجرية alif khanjarīyah) or superscript alif is written as a short vertical stroke on top of an Arabic letter. It indicates a long /aː/ sound where an alif is normally not written, e.g. هَٰذَا hādhā or رَحْمَٰن raḥmān. The dagger alif occurs in only a few modern words, but these include some common ones; it is seldom written, however, even in fully vocalised texts, except in the Qur'an. As Wright notes "[alif] was at first more rarely marked than the other long vowels, and hence it happens that, at a later period, after the invention of the vowel-points, it was indicated in some very common words merely by a fatḥa [i.e. the dagger alif.]" Most keyboards do not have the dagger alif. The word الله (Allāh) is usually produced automatically by entering "alif lām lām hāʾ"; or in Arabic "ا ل ل ه". The word consists of alif + ligature of doubled lām with a shadda and a dagger alif above lām.

## With fatḥah

There are two possible ways of representing the dagger alif in modern editions of Quran. In the editions printed in the Middle East the dagger alif is written with fatḥah: الرَّحْمَٰنِ (a)r-raḥmāni. In the editions printed in South Asia (Pakistan, India and Bangladesh) the dagger alif is written without fatḥah: الرَّحْمٰنِ (a)r-raḥmāni.
# Acrididea

Acrididea including the Acridomorpha is an infraorder of insects that describe the grasshoppers (thus also locusts) and ground-hoppers. It contains a large majority of species in the suborder Caelifera and the taxon Acridomorpha may also be used, which excludes the Tetrigoidea. Both names are derived from older texts, such as Imms, which placed the "short-horned grasshoppers" and locusts at the family level (Acrididae). The study of grasshopper species is called acridology.

## Acridomorpha

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following superfamilies: most families and species belong to the Acridoidea.
* Acridoidea (MacLeay, 1821)
* Eumastacoidea Burr, 1899
** Chorotypidae Stål, 1873
** Episactidae Burr, 1899
** Eumastacidae Burr, 1899
** Euschmidtiidae Rehn, 1948
** Mastacideidae Rehn, 1948
** Morabidae Rehn, 1948
** †Promastacidae Kevan & Wighton, 1981
** Thericleidae Burr, 1899
* †Locustopsoidea Handlirsch, 1906
** †Bouretidae Martins-Neto, 2001
** †Eolocustopsidae Riek, 1976
** †Locustavidae Sharov, 1968
** †Locustopsidae Handlirsch, 1906
* Pneumoroidea Thunberg, 1810 — monotypic
* Proscopioidea Serville, 1838 — monotypic
* Pyrgomorphoidea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874 — monotypic
* Tanaoceroidea Rehn, 1948 — monotypic
* Trigonopterygoidea Walker, 1870
** Trigonopterygidae Walker, 1870
** Xyronotidae Bolívar, 1909
# Nosalewo

Nosalewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pniewy, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Jay Edwards (politician)

Jay Edwards is an American politician who served as a state representative in the Ohio House of Representatives for the 94th District from 2017-2025. He is a Republican. Edwards additionally served as the Majority Whip of the Ohio House.

## Life and career

Edwards was born and raised in Nelsonville, Ohio, where he graduated from Nelsonville-York High School. After high school he attended nearby Ohio University on a football scholarship, where he studied mathematics. Edwards is a licensed realtor, and recently begun work in medical sales within the drug treatment market.

## Ohio House of Representatives

In 2016, Representative Debbie Phillips was term-limited and ineligible to run for a fifth term. A Democrat, Phillips had only faced one serious election in her four terms, in 2014, where she won by just over 100 votes. However, despite Athens County, the largest in the district, being considered reliably Democratic, Republicans had historically seen success in winning the district prior to Phillips' taking the seat. Democrats nonetheless fielded Sarah Grace, a small-business owner from Athens who was a newcomer to politics and a liberal. Despite being considered the favorite, Edwards raised considerable money, albeit not without controversy. In the end, in what was a very good year for Republicans, Edwards defeated Grace by a 58% to 42% margin, taking the seat.
Edwards is the first Republican to hold the seat since Jimmy Stewart held the seat from 2003 to 2008.
In 2018, Edwards defeated Democrat Taylor Sappington to retain the seat.
In the 2020 general election, Edwards faced Democrat Katie O'Neill.

## Electoral history

Election results :
| Year | Office | Election | Votes for Edwards | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |
| 2016 | Ohio House of Representatives | General | 28,649 | 57.80% | Sarah Grace | Democratic | 20,897 | 42.20% |
| 2018 | Ohio House of Representatives | General | 23,562 | 58.29% | Taylor Sappington | Democratic | 16,855 | 41.71% |
| 2020 | Ohio House of Representatives | General | 31,584 | 60.4% | Katie O’Neil | Democratic | 20,719 | 39.6% |
| 2022 | Ohio House of Representatives | General | 22,190 | 61.2% | Tanya Conrath | Democratic | 14,084 | 38.8% |
# 1612 in science

The year 1612 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Astronomy

* The first description of the Andromeda Galaxy based on observations by telescope is given by Simon Marius.
* December 28 – Galileo observes the planet Neptune for the first time when it is in conjunction with Jupiter, but mistakenly catalogues it as a fixed star because of its extremely slow motion along the ecliptic, and it will not be properly identified until 1846.

## Medicine

* Santorio Sanctorius puts the thermometer to medical use.

## Births

* approx. date – William Gascoigne, English inventor (died 1644)

## Deaths

* February – John Gerard, English herbalist (born c. 1545)
* February 6 – Christopher Clavius, German mathematician and astronomer (born 1537)
* February 12 – Jodocus Hondius, Flemish cartographer (born 1563)
* November 20 – Sir John Harington, English inventor (born 1561)
# Judy Johnson (disambiguation)

Judy Johnson (1899–1989) was an American baseball player.
Judy Johnson may also refer to:
* Judy Johnson (singer) (born 1924)
* Judy Johnson (writer) (born 1961)
* Judy Johnson, mother who made allegations of Satanic abuse in the McMartin preschool trial
# Brooklyn (given name)

Brooklyn is a unisex first name. It has occasionally been used as a name in honor of Brooklyn, the New York City borough, but is usually regarded as simply a combination of the names Brook or Brooke, a name derived from an English surname meaning "one who lives near a brook" and the suffix -lyn, which is an element in other popular contemporary names in the United States.

## Popularity

It has been among the top one thousand names used for girls in the United States since 1992 and among the one hundred most popular names for American girls since 2005. It has also been among the top 500 names for girls in Canada between 2000 and 2019. It is also in use for boys in North America, but has been more popular as a name for boys in England and Wales, where it has been among the five hundred most popular names for boys since 1999. It was also among the top five hundred names for girls in England and Wales between 2013 and 2017. It was also among the top one hundred names for girls in New Zealand between 2000 and 2018 and for boys in New Zealand between 2004 and 2010. Spelling variants include, but are not limited to, Brookelynn, Brookelynne, Brooklyne, Brooklynne, and Brooklynn.

## People

* Brooklyn Beckham (born 1999), English model and amateur photographer
* Brooklyn Decker (born 1987), American model and actress
* Brooklyn Ezeh (born 2001), German association footballer
* Brooklyn Genesini (born 2001), English association footballer
* Brooklyn McKnight (born 1999), American YouTuber
* Brooklyn Moors (born 2001), Canadian artistic gymnast
* Brooklyn Nelson (born c. 2004), American actress
* Brooklyn Owen, American LGBTQ activist
* Brooklyn Raines (born 2005), American association footballer
# Shun Ayukawa

Shun Ayukawa (鮎川 峻, Ayukawa Shun, born 15 September 2001) is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a forward for Oita Trinita, on loan from Sanfrecce Hiroshima.

## Early life

Ayukawa was born in Kasugai. He played youth football for FC Fervor Aichi and Sanfreece Hiroshima.

## Career

Ayukawa made his debut for Sanfreece against Vegalta Sendai on 27 February 2021. He scored his first goal for the club on 21 March 2021, scoring in the 90th+3rd minute.
In the middle of the 2023 season, Ayukawa moved on loan to J2 League club Oita Trinita. He made his debut for Oita against Shimizu S-Pulse on 9 July 2023. He scored his first goal for the club against Fujieda MYFC, scoring in the 33rd minute on 12 August 2023.
The loan was extended in December 2023 and would remain at Oita for the 2024 season.

## International career

Shun was called up for the Japan U17s and U18s. He has caps for the U19s.
Shun made his debut for the Japan U23s on 25 September 2023. He scored his first goals on 28 September 2023, scoring a brace against Myanmar U23s.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 11 April 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J. League Cup | J. League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Sanfrecce Hiroshima | 2021 | J1 League | 19 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | – | – | 26 | 2 |
| Sanfrecce Hiroshima | 2022 | J1 League | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| Sanfrecce Hiroshima | 2023 | J1 League | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Sanfrecce Hiroshima | Total | Total | 25 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 38 | 3 |
| Oita Trinita (loan) | 2023 | J2 League | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 14 | 3 |
| Oita Trinita (loan) | 2024 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Oita Trinita (loan) | Total | Total | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 109 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 117 | 4 |
# Canta (vehicle)

The Canta is a two-seat vehicle from the Netherlands specifically created for, but not exclusive to, disabled drivers. It was developed in 1995 by Waaijenberg together with the Delft University of Technology. In addition to the standard petrol-engined production models, an electric Canta was designed for the German market and is currently available for sale. In the Netherlands, it is classified as a mobility aid because the width of the vehicle is only 1.10 metres, thus it may – unlike larger microcars – be used on cycle paths as well as sidewalks and footpaths; in addition, a driver's license is not required.
Each Canta is built with the adaptations required by the customer, such as locating controls and switches on the left or right side, or all on the steering wheel. Seats have a wide range of adjustment and can swivel to ease entry and exit. Instead of having a driver's seat, the "Ride-in Canta" (Inrij Canta) model is designed so that a wheelchair user can enter by a ramp at the rear and drive while seated in their wheelchair. The rear of the vehicle is lowered to the ground when parked and is raised pneumatically when the engine is started.

## De Canta danst!

De Canta danst! is a television co-production by Viewpoint Productions and NTR in cooperation with the Dutch National Ballet that choreographically features the microcar. It is part of Het Nationale Canta ballet, which in turn is an initiative of actress-director Maartje Nevejan. It was choreographed by Ernst Meisner of the Dutch National Ballet, with the music written by composer Robin Rimbaud. The project was financially supported by Stichting Doen and the SNS REAAL Fund. The performances took place on 28 June 2012 at the Westergasfabriek.
# Nowa Cerekwica

Nowa Cerekwica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jaraczewo, within Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Jaraczewo, 13 km (8 mi) west of Jarocin, and 60 km (37 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Vergarola explosion

The Vergarola explosion, also known in Italy as the Vergarolla massacre, took place on 18 August 1946 when the sudden detonation of 12 large pieces of assorted ordnance, containing an estimated 9 tons of explosives, killed more than 100 people and injured 100 others at Vergarola (or Vergarolla) beach, in Pula (Pola), which was at the time under temporary Allied military administration.
The ordnance, which "had been swept from the water [and] were piled up on a beach awaiting disposal" exploded at just after 2pm, 18 August 1946. Initial newspaper reports cited 43 dead and 57 injured, including two British soldiers. Many of the victims were bathers who were attending an annual swimming event called Scarioni Cup. The explosion had strong political implications, because local Italian leaders and the main Italian newspaper L'Arena di Pola, suggested that it was a demonstration against the Italian feelings of the residents, and a way to reinforce the possible (later actual) annexation to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
The exact number of victims of the incident remains undefined, with estimates ranging up to about a hundred dead.

## Allied investigation

A subsequent Allied military investigation into the incident was undertaken by Brigadier M.D. Erskine, commander of the 24th Guards Brigade who reported on 8 September 1946 that the accident was caused by the detonation of three torpedo warheads, four TNT demolition charges and five smoke generators. He said that the munitions had been inspected on several occasions and had been certified as being safe and that "I do not consider therefore that it is possible for it to have exploded without being detonated." He added that "[t]he ammunition was deliberately exploded by person or persons unknown. This is confirmed by the fact that a small preliminary explosion was heard and a fire was seen burning."
Agreeing with these findings, Brigadier Bastin on behalf of the General Officer Commanding in Chief concluded in the final report dated 14 February 1947 that "I am of the opinion that the explosion was caused by some person or persons unknown. I am satisfied that the ammunition was safe and properly inspected and that it was not feasible to place guards over it. I therefore consider that no blame for the explosion lies with the Allied Military Authorities."
# Cold River (Connecticut River tributary)

The Cold River is a 22.6-mile-long (36.4 km) river in western New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Connecticut River, which flows to Long Island Sound.
The Cold River begins at the outlet of Crescent Lake in the northeastern corner of the town of Acworth. The river flows east into the town of Lempster, then turns south and reenters Acworth. When Dodge Brook joins the river, it turns west and makes its way to the Connecticut River, passing the villages of South Acworth, Alstead, and Drewsville. The river reaches the Connecticut just south of the communities of Bellows Falls, Vermont, and North Walpole, New Hampshire.
In October 2005, flooding on the Cold River and its tributaries caused severe damage in the towns of Alstead, Acworth, and Walpole.

## Tributaries

(from upstream to downstream)
* Dodge Brook (from east, near East Acworth)
* Honey Brook (from southeast, between East Acworth and South Acworth)
* Bowers Brook (from north, in South Acworth village)
* Great Brook (from south, below South Acworth)
* Warren Brook (in Alstead)
* Great Brook (from north, in Langdon)
# Denise Parnell

Denise Parnell (born 11 October 1960) is a British former professional tennis player.
A native of Manchester, Parnell attended Withington Girls' School and was active on the professional tour throughout the 1980s, reaching a best singles world ranking of 308. In 1986 she competed in the singles main draw of the Wimbledon Championships, where she was beaten in the first round by seventh seed Helena Suková.
Parnell is now a tennis referee, officiating in Wimbledon since 2006.