OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard McGuire

Richard McGuire (born 1957 in New Jersey) is an American graphic novelist, artist, and musician. His illustrations have been published in The New York Times, The New Yorker, and Le Monde, and his work is in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art and the Morgan Library & Museum. His comic "Here" (first published in 1989) is among the most lauded comics from recent decades, with an updated graphic novel version published by Pantheon Books in December 2014. A film adaptation of Here, directed by Robert Zemeckis and starring Tom Hanks and Robin Wright, was released in 2024.

## Biography

McGuire was born and raised in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He graduated from Rutgers University.
Soon after graduating college, McGuire and a group of friends formed the band Liquid Idiot before relocating to Manhattan in 1979, where the group reformed as the dance-punk band Liquid Liquid, with McGuire serving as the band's bassist. Liquid Liquid is best known for the song "Cavern", whose bass line has been frequently sampled. The group disbanded in 1983 but reformed in 2008 and have played in multiple countries.
McGuire's early art career was as a street artist in the vibrant 1980s East Village scene. He participated in the landmark 1981 "New York/New Wave" group exhibition at PS1 in Long Island City, alongside notable figures such as Robert Mapplethorpe, Jean-Michel Basquiat, and David Byrne.
McGuire was a key contributor to the 1995 chain story / comic jam The Narrative Corpse, shepherded by Art Spiegelman and Robert Sikoryak. McGuire was brought in to link Strand 2 of the story back to Strand 1 (bridging the contributions of Carol Swain and Drew Friedman).
McGuire's first cover for The New Yorker was published in 1993; from 2006 to 2011 his work appeared regularly on the magazine's covers.
In 2001, McGuire made two limited-edition, screenprinted artist's books for the French publisher Cornelius. The first one, Popeye and Olive, was an "abstract love story". In the second book, P + O, McGuire "rearranged the silhouetted shapes of the two characters into new combinations which became a 'vocabulary of the relationship'." In 2023 an offset edition of Popeye and Olive was published by Fotokino.
In 2009, McGuire was awarded The Dorothy and Lewis B. Cullman Center for Scholars and Writers fellowship at the New York Public Library.
# 2016 AZ8

2016 AZ$_8$ is a sub-kilometer asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group, at least 400 meters (1,300 feet) in diameter. It was first observed on 3 January 2016, by the WISE telescope with precovery images found back in 2012.
The potentially hazardous asteroid is a binary system with a minor-planet moon in its orbit. The discovery was made by astronomers at Arecibo Observatory on 4 January 2019, while 2016 AZ$_8$ was passing within 4,460,000 kilometers (0.0298 AU) of the Earth. The binary has a secondary-to-primary diameter ratio of at least 0.3.

## Orbit and classification

2016 AZ$_8$ orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.85–1.8 AU once every 18 months (554 days; semi-major axis of 1.32 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.36 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at the Siding Spring Survey in July 2012, more than three years prior to its official discovery observation.
# Dioscorea fordii

Dioscorea fordii is a herbaceous vine with oppositely arranged leaves and large, starchy rhizomes which grow vertically into the soil. It is indigenous to the Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, and Zhejiang provinces of China, where it is typically found in forest areas or on disturbed ground beside roads or rivers.
The species is cultivated in China for food and as use in traditional Chinese medicine. Compared with the well known Chinese yam, Dioscorea polystachya, D. fordii exhibits a higher starch content, but a lower protein content. Nutrient composition of the rhizome of the plant was conducted, revealing that it contains approximately 76.5% starch, 9.9% protein, and 1.03% fiber by dry weight.
# Thomas A. Bartlett

Thomas Alva Bartlett (born August 20, 1930) is an American educator who is most notable for having served as president of several universities and university systems.
Bartlett was born in Salem, Oregon, and was youngest of three sons of Cleave Bartlett, an auditor-bookkeeper and real estate broker, and the former Alma Hanson, a housewife. In 1947, he graduated from Salem High School. He attended Willamette University for two years, where he joined Beta Theta Pi fraternity, before transferring to Stanford University, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa society. After graduating in 1951 with a bachelor's degree in political science, he attended Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, earning a master's degree. In 1959 he was awarded a Ph.D. degree from Stanford University. While still in graduate school, he was recruited to join the United States Permanent Mission to the United Nations to work on Arab-Israeli relations. From, there, he became the president of the American University in Cairo.
From 1969 to 1977, he assumed the presidency of Colgate University as well as the chancellorships of the University of Alabama System and the Oregon State System of Higher Education from the 1970s to the 1980s. He also served as president of the Association of American Universities. He was called out of a brief retirement to head the State University of New York System in 1994, but conflicts with George Pataki appointees on the university's board of trustees led to his resignation after just 17 months on the job.
After SUNY, he became chairman of the board of trustees of the United States-Japan Foundation, leaving after seven years to re-assume the Presidency of the American University in Cairo on an interim basis.
The Thomas A. Bartlett Chair of English at Colgate University is named after him.
# 2014 DX110

2014 DX$_{110}$ is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 30 meters in diameter. It passed less than 1 lunar distance from Earth on 5 March 2014. With an absolute magnitude of 25.7, this asteroid is potentially the largest asteroid to come inside the orbit of the Moon since 2013 PJ10 on 4 August 2013. The close approach was webcast live by Slooh and Virtual Telescope.

## Description

2014 DX$_{110}$ came to opposition (furthest elongation in the sky from the Sun) on 15 February 2014, but the asteroid had a very faint apparent magnitude of about 23 and was only 10 degrees from the full moon. The asteroid was discovered on 28 February 2014 by Pan-STARRS at an apparent magnitude of 20 using a 1.8-meter (71 in) Ritchey–Chrétien telescope.
On 5 March 2014 at 21:00 UT the asteroid passed 0.00232 AU (347,000 km; 216,000 mi) from Earth and reached about apparent magnitude 15. At 22:22 UT it passed 0.00249 AU (372,000 km; 231,000 mi) from the Moon. By 6 March 2014 18:00 UT, the asteroid was less than 30 degrees from the Sun and dimming significantly.
It has an observation arc of 5 days with an uncertainty parameter of 6. It was removed from the JPL Sentry Risk Table on 5 March 2014 using JPL solution 3 with an observation arc of 5 days. When the asteroid only had an observation arc of 4 days, virtual clones of the asteroid that fit the uncertainty region in the known trajectory showed a 1 in 10 million chance that the asteroid could impact Earth on 4 March 2046. With a 2046 Palermo Technical Scale of −7.11, the odds of impact by 2014 DX$_{110}$ in 2046 were about 13 million times less than the background hazard level of Earth impacts which is defined as the average risk posed by objects of the same size or larger over the years until the date of the potential impact. Using the nominal orbit, NEODyS shows that the asteroid will be 2.8 AU (420,000,000 km; 260,000,000 mi) from Earth on 4 March 2046.
# Edmund Walker Head

Sir Edmund Walker Head, 8th Baronet, KCB (16 February 1805 – 28 January 1868) was a 19th-century British politician and diplomat.

## Early life and scholarship

Head was born at Wiarton Place, near Maidstone, Kent, the son of the Reverend Sir John Head, 7th Bt. and Jane (née Walker) Head. He succeeded to his father's title in 1838.
He was educated at Winchester College and Oriel College, Oxford, and in 1830 he was made a Fellow of Merton College. He was an Oxford scholar and tutor who published several books, including a book on the verbs shall and will. In 1866, Head published The Story of Viga Glum, which he had translated from the original Icelandic. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1863.

## Government service

In 1847, Head was appointed Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick (1847–1854).
While Lieutenant Governor, Head authorized the creation of an engineering faculty at the University of New Brunswick (UNB). This was the first such programme in what would become Canada.
In 1854, Head was appointed Governor General of the Province of Canada. He served until 1861. During his time in office, there was some controversy over his refusal to grant a dissolution to the Reform ministry at the time of the "Double Shuffle".
He was appointed a Privy Councillor in 1857, and Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1860.
Head died in London in 1868.

## Family

He had married Anna Maria Yorke, daughter of Reverend Philip Yorke Prebendary of Ely, and his wife, Hon. Anna Maria Cocks, daughter of John Cocks, 1st Earl Somers, on 27 November 1838. Anna Maria was born in 1808. The couple had three children. Their son accidentally drowned in Quebec's Saint-Maurice River in September 1859. One of their two daughters was born at Fredericton, New Brunswick on 6 February 1849.
Anna Maria was an artist, who sketched a picture of the view from Major's Hill, Ottawa, Ontario which she subsequently presented to Queen Victoria. Within a month or two after this event Her Majesty chose Ottawa as the seat of Government of United Canada. Lady Head volunteered and bestowed alms among the poor. A memorial of her Ladyship's visit to the Upper Ottawa, in a bark canoe, in 1856, stands at Portage-du-Fort, Quebec. In the county of Renfrew, a township Maria, was named in her honour. Lady Head died at Oak Lea, Shere, Guildford, England, 25 August 1890.

## Legacy

* Sir Edmund Head Hall is the name of the engineering building at the University of New Brunswick.
* Edmundston, New Brunswick, is named after him.
* The united township of Head, Clara and Maria in Renfrew County, Ontario was named in honour of Head and his wife.
* Mount Head in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta is named after him.
# Old Marion County Courthouse (Georgia)

The Old Marion County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse building in Tazewell, Georgia, which served as the county seat of Marion County, Georgia for a short time. It was built in 1848. The county seat was moved in 1850 to what is now Buena Vista, Georgia. The site is commemorated with a historical marker. The building has also served as Marion Lodge No. 14 F. & A.M. (Free and Accepted Masons).
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 and is located on Georgia State Route 137.
# Minka (communal work)

Mink'a, Minka, Minga (from Quechua minccacuni, meaning "asking for help by promising something") also mingaco is an Inca tradition of community work/voluntary collective labor for purposes of social utility and community infrastructure projects. It is practiced in several Latin American countries. Mink'a can adopt different ways of expressing community, such as the construction of public buildings and infrastructure, or benefit a person or family, such as needing help when harvesting potatoes or other agricultural products. Usually, the mink'a labor is without salary, such as in the public works projects of Ocra, a campesino community in the Andes. Faenas are seen as a labor tribute to the community or a cash-free form of local taxation. Mink'a is mainly practiced in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Paraguay.

## Peru

In Peru, the concept of mink'a is associated with pre-Columbian indigenous cultures. It is practiced in mestizo and campesino communities of the Andes, where the notion of reciprocity (ayni) organizes community work. An example of this type of reciprocity is the development of agricultural activities among a dozen neighbors in traditional productive units, or the building of a community kitchen with personal tools and local materials. During the Inca Empire, mink'a was the basic way in which work was carried out within communities (ayllu) and was also practiced for the benefit of larger territories (mit'a), as part of the services that each ayllu provided to the whole of the society. The families participated in the construction of premises, irrigation canals, as well as helped in the farm operations of the disabled, and cared for orphans and the elderly. Due to the great migration to the cities of the Peruvian coast, mink'a became widespread in the coastal areas of Peru - mostly however within smaller communities where local "taxation" consisting of labor is more feasible than a monetary tax to realize community projects.
# Cholado

Cholado, raspao, or raspado is an icy beverage with fresh fruit and sweetened condensed milk traditionally from Jamundí, in the region of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. It is made from crushed ice or shaved ice, chopped fruit, condensed milk, fruit syrup, and served with a wafer cookie. It is sometimes topped with whipped cream. Fruits that are commonly used in cholado preparation include banana, apple, kiwi, strawberry, papaya, pineapple, mango, and soursop.
# 1980 Bangladeshi coup attempt

On 17 June 1980, a coup d'état against President Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh failed, resulting in the deaths of a few hundred army officers and enlisted men.

## History

The coup was led by left wing Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal and Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party who motivated an uprising at Dhaka cantonment on 17 June 1980. The aim was to seize power while President Ziaur Rahman was outside of Bangladesh in London. The coup was crushed by the government of Bangladesh. The coup resulted in the death of a few hundred army officers and enlisted men.
Sultan Shahriar Rashid Khan and Shariful Haque Dalim were involved in the coup and fled their diplomatic posts. Khan returned after reaching an "understanding" with President Ziaur Rahman. Dalim returned to his post after President Hussain Mohammad Ershad came to power. Abdul Aziz Pasha was arrested for his involvement with the coup but was released after reaching a deal with President Ziaur Rahman.
# Bihar train derailment

In the Indian state of Bihar, on June 6, 1981, a passenger train carrying more than 800 passengers between Mansi (Dhamara Pul) and Saharsa, derailed while crossing a bridge and plunged into the river Bagmati.
After five days, more than 200 bodies were recovered, with hundreds more missing that were feared washed away by the river. Estimates of total deaths range from 500 to 800 or more. By the afternoon of June 12, the government had completed its recovery efforts and had issued an official death toll of 235 passengers, with 88 survivors. The death toll included three people whose bodies were not recovered.
The crash is the deadliest-ever rail accident in India.

## Cause

The cause of the crash is uncertain and the events were not well documented. Theories as to the cause of the crash include a cyclone, flash flooding and brake failure.
# Libafang station

Libafang station (simplified Chinese: 篱笆房站; traditional Chinese: 籬笆房站; pinyin: Líbāfáng Zhàn) is a station on Fangshan Line of the Beijing Subway.

## Station layout

The station has an elevated island platform.

## Exits

There are 4 exits, lettered A1, A2, B1, and B2. Exits A1 and B1 are accessible.
# Liangxiang Univ. Town North station

Liangxiang Univ. Town North station (simplified Chinese: 良乡大学城北站; traditional Chinese: 良鄉大學城北站; pinyin: Liángxiāng Dàxuéchéng Běi zhàn) is a station on Fangshan Line of the Beijing Subway.

## Station layout

The station has an elevated island platform.

## Exits

There are 4 exits, lettered A1, A2, B1, and B2. Exits A1 and B1 are accessible.
# Fritz Von Erich Retirement Show

The Fritz Von Erich Retirement Show was a major professional wrestling show held by World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) at the Texas Stadium on June 4, 1982. As the name indicates the show marked Fritz Von Erich's retirement from in ring competition after 29 years of active competition. His retirement came shortly after his promotion "Big Time Wrestling" was renamed "World Class Championship Wrestling" as they were making an attempt to expand to a national promotion. In the main event Fritz Von Erich defeated King Kong Bundy to win the NWA American Heavyweight Championship. After the match Von Erich vacated the American Heavyweight Championship. The show featured a total of nine matches. On the show David and Kevin Von Erich lost the WCCW All-Asia Tag Team Championship, which is not to be mistaken for the All Asia Tag Team Championship.

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| 1 | The Spoiler defeated Frank Dusek | Singles match | 05:31 |
| 2 | Bill Irwin defeated Ken Mantell | Singles match | 13:32 |
| 3 | Lola Gonzales defeated Irma Gonzales | Singles match | 09:58 |
| 4 | Andre the Giant defeated Bugsy McGraw via disqualification | Singles match | — |
| 5 | El Solitario defeated Rene Guajardo (c) | Singles match for the NWA World Light Heavyweight Championship | 10:12 |
| 6 | Andre the Giant defeated Frank Dusek, Bill Irwin, Al Madril, Ken Mantell, Bugsy McGraw, The Spoiler and T John Thibedeaux. | Bodyslam battle royal | — |
| 7 | The Great Kabuki and Magic Dragon defeated David and Kevin Von Erich (c) | Tag team match for the WCCW All-Asian Tag Championship | — |
| 8 | Kerry Von Erich defeated Harley Race | No Disqualification match | — |
| 9 | Fritz Von Erich defeated King Kong Bundy (c) | Falls count anywhere match for the NWA American Heavyweight Championship | 08:32 |
| (c) – the champion(s) heading into the match ||||
# 4th Golden Rooster Awards

The 4th Golden Rooster Award honoring the best in film of 1984, was given in Jinan, Shandong Province, June 2, 1984.

## Winners and Nominees

| Best Film | Best Director |
| Voice from Hometown The Devoted Soldier Liao Zhongkai Ward 16 Our Niu Baisui | Tang Xiaodan－Liao Zhongkai Hu Bingliu－Voice from Hometown Zhao Huanzhang－Our Niu Baisui Wen Yan－血，总是热的 |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
| Dong Xingji－Liao Zhongkai Yang Zaibao－血，总是热的 Li Wei－River Without Buoys | Gong Xue－Under the Bridge Li Ling－Ward 16 |
| Best Supporting Actor | Best Supporting Actress |
| Yu Shizhi－A Revolutionary Wei Beiyuan－Voice from Hometown Hu Hao－The Land Of Rebirth Chen Peisi－Sunset Street | Song Xiaoying－Ward 16 Ding Yi－Our Niu Baisui Wang Fuli－Our Niu Baisui |
| Best Writing | Best Stunt |
| N/A Lu Yanzhou－Liao Zhongkai | The Mountain Of Fire－Tao Shigong/Ji Jingchun/Wang Dayu/Dong Zhensheng/Cai Ruzhi/Wei Tingfu |
| Best Chinese Opera Film | Best Documentary |
| N/A | 我们看到的日本 春风从这里吹起 夺标 |
| Best Animation | Best Popular Science Film |
| 鹬蚌相争 兔送信 | 灰喜鹊 黄河与森林 叶子 拱的建筑 消灭野鼠 |
| Best Cinematography | Best Art Direction |
| The Land Of Rebirth－Yang Guangyuan Our Field－Meng Qingpeng/Gan Quan Girl Students Dormitory－Zhao Junhong | Li Bing－Wang Xingwen The Land Of Rebirth－Fei Lanxin |
| Best Music | Best Sound Recording |
| N/A The Devoted Soldier－Gong Zhiwei | The Land Of Rebirth－Shi Pingyi |
| Best Editing | Best Property |
| N/A Wudang－Mao Li Liao Zhongkai－Lan Weijie/Cai Jingyi | A Revolutionary－Xu Guoliang Li Bing－Sun Guizhong/He Xucheng |
| Best Custome | Best Make Up |
| The Land Of Rebirth－Fei Lanxin/Zhu Fengtang/Li Qin Liao Zhongkai－Yan Bijun/Feng Xiaojin/Deng Weili | Li Bing－Wang Fenrui/Ji Weihua The Land Of Rebirth－Yan Bijun/Feng Xiaojin/Deng Weili |

## Special Award

* Special Jury Award
** Literatural Documentary: Mao Zedong
** Documentary in Revolution Theme: Crossing the Chishui River Four Times
** Feature: 不该发生的故事
** Children Feature: The Candidate
** Director: Chen Lizhou（Road）
# Sign of the Dragonhead

Sign of the Dragonhead is the seventh studio album of the German symphonic metal band Leaves' Eyes. It is their first full-length release with Elina Siirala as lead vocalist, following Liv Kristine's departure in 2016.
# Andy Ross (music executive)

Andrew Ian Ross (31 January 1956 – 25 January 2022) was a British music executive, influential in the history of Britpop in the mid-1990s.

## Early life and education

Ross was born on 31 January 1956. He came from south London and attended Dulwich College. He studied economic and social history from 1975 to 1978 at the University of Leicester, gaining a BA degree. At university he formed the band Disco Zombies.

## Career

Ross started working in record shops. He worked for the Inland Revenue for two years to get a mortgage. Through a friend he became a part-time music journalist. He left the Inland Revenue around 1986 to head Food Records in central Camden, whilst still a part-time journalist for Sounds magazine. Food Records had been formed in the mid-1980s by David Balfe.
Ross saw Blur at the Islington Powerhaus in November 1989; of live music in pubs he said that "it's essential for any artist to play in front of a live audience for interaction". Blur also played at the Bull and Gate in Kentish Town. He signed Blur on 7 March 1990; the band were given a small advance and a celebration was held at a pizza house on Beak Street.
Ross said that the Reading Festival in August 1993 (where they headlined the Melody Maker stage on Saturday) was the turning point of Blur's career. EMI bought out Food Records in early 1994. He often went to the Good Mixer pub in north London, an Irish bar on Inverness Street, which had been developed by Bal Croce of the Sting-rays; Morrissey was one of the regulars, with Pulp and Menswear.
With Damon Albarn, Ross decided to bring forward the release of Blur's 1995 single "Country House". The album 13 was the last Blur album associated with Food Records. He also signed the Supernaturals from Glasgow and worked with the Bluetones.

## Personal life and death

Ross died from complications following treatment for cancer on 25 January 2022, at the age of 65, just six days before his 66th birthday.