# Chromosome 10

Chromosome 10 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 10 spans about 134 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

## Genes
### Number of genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 10. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.
| Estimated by | Protein-coding genes | Non-coding RNA genes | Pseudogenes | Release date |
| CCDS | 706 | — | — | 2016-09-08 |
| HGNC | 708 | 244 | 614 | 2017-05-12 |
| Ensembl | 728 | 881 | 568 | 2017-03-29 |
| UniProt | 750 | — | — | 2018-02-28 |
| NCBI | 754 | 842 | 654 | 2017-05-19 |

### Gene list

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 10. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
* AFAP1L2: actin filament associated protein 1 like 2
* ALL1 encoding protein Leukemia, acute lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 1
* ALOX5: Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase (processes essential fatty acids to leukotrienes, which are important agents in the inflammatory response; also facilitates development and maintenance of cancer stem cells, slow-dividing cells thought to give rise to a variety of cancers, including leukemia)
* ANKRD22: encoding protein Ankyrin repeat domain 22
* ARHGAP21: rho GTPase activating protein 21
* ARID5B: encoding protein AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5B
* ARMH3: Armadillo Like Helical Domain Containing 3
* AS3MT: encoding enzyme Arsenite methyltransferase
* AVPI1: encoding protein Arginine vasopressin-induced protein 1
* C10orf67: chromosome 10 open reading frame 67
* C10orf35: chromosome 10 open reading frame 35
* CAMK1D: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID
* CCAR1: Cell division cycle and apoptosis regulator 1
* CCDC3: Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 3
* CCDC186: encoding protein CCDC186
* CCNY: Cyclin-Y
* CDC123: Cell division cycle protein 123 homolog
* CDH23: cadherin-like 23
* CDH23-AS1: CDH23 antisense RNA 1
* CDNF: cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor
* CEFIP: encoding protein Cardiac-enriched FHL2-interacting protein
* COMMD3-BMI1: COMMD3-BMI1 readthrough
* CPXM2: encoding protein Carboxypeptidase x, m14 family member 2
* CUTC: Copper homeostasis protein cutC homolog
* CXCL12: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, SDF-1, scyb12
* DDX50: DExD-box helicase 50
* DEPP: decidual protein induced by progesterone
* DHX32: DEAH-box helicase 32
* DIP2C: encoding protein Disco interacting protein 2 homolog c
* DKK1: Dickkopf-related protein 1
* DNAJC12: DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily c, member 12
* DNAJC9: DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily c, member 9
* DPYSL4: Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 4
* EBLN1: encoding protein Endogenous Bornavirus-like nucleoprotein 1
* ECD: ecdysoneless cell cycle regulator
* EGR2: early growth response 2 (Krox-20 homolog, Drosophila)
* EIF5AP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-like 1
* EPC1: Enhancer of polycomb homolog 1
* ERCC6: excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 6
* FAM107B: family with sequence similarity 107, member B
* FAM13C: family with sequence similarity 13, member C
* FAM170B: encoding protein Family with sequence similarity 170 member B
* FAM188A: family with sequence similarity 188, member A
* FAM208b: encoding protein FAM208b
* FAM213A: family with sequence similarity 213, member A
* FAM25BP encoding protein Protein FAM25
* FAS-AS1, long non-coding RNA
* FBXL15: encoding protein F-box and leucine rich repeat protein 15
* FGFR2: fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (bacteria-expressed kinase, keratinocyte growth factor receptor, craniofacial dysostosis 1, Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Jackson–Weiss syndrome)
* FRA10AC1: Fragile site, folic acid type
* FRAT1: WNT signaling pathway regulator
* FRAT2: WNT signaling pathway regulator
* FRMPD2 encoding protein FERM and PDZ domain containing 2
* GATA3: encoding the GATA3 transcription factor. GATA3 is critical for the embryonic development of the parathyroid gland, neural component of hearing, and kidney. Haploinsufficiency of the gene underlies a rare disorder, the hypoparathyrodism, deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome
* GHITM: growth hormone-inducible transmembrane protein
* GPR15LG: encoding protein GPR15LG, GPR15 ligand
* GPRIN2: G protein-regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 2
* GTPBP4: Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 4
* HELLS: Lymphoid-specific helicase
* HKDC1: hexokinase domain containing 1
* KIN: DNA/RNA-binding protein KIN17
* LHPP: encoding protein Phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase
* MTG1: mitochondrial GTPase 1
* NPM3: nucleoplasmin-3
* NRBF2: nuclear receptor-binding factor 2
* NSMCE4A: non-SMC element 4 homolog A
* OTUD1: encoding protein OTU deubiquitinase 1
* PAPSS2: encoding enzyme bifunctional 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 2
* PCBD1: 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase/dimerization cofactor of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (TCF1)
* PCDH15: protocadherin 15
* PI4K2A: phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase 2-alpha
* PIP4K2A: phosphatidylinositol 5 phosphate 4-kinase type-2 alpha
* PITRM1: pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1
* PLEKHS1 encoding protein Pleckstrin homology domain containing S1
* PLXDC2: plexin domain-containing protein 2
* PRAP1: encoding protein Proline rich acidic protein 1
* PROSER2: proline and serine rich 2 or c10orf47
* PTEN gene: phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1)
* RET: ret proto-oncogene (multiple endocrine neoplasia and medullary thyroid carcinoma 1, Hirschsprung disease)
* RPP30: ribonuclease P protein subunit p30
* RRP12: ribosomal RNA processing 12 homolog
* RSU1: ras suppressor protein 1
* RTKN2: encoding protein Rhotekin 2
* SCZD11: encoding protein Schizophrenia susceptibility locus, chromosome 10q-related
* SGPL1: sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1
* SHTN1: encoding protein Shootin 1
* SLC16A12: encoding protein Solute carrier family 16 member 12
* SMNDC1: survival motor neuron domain containing 1
* SPG9 encoding protein Spastic paraplegia 9 (autosomal dominant)
* SRGN: serglycin
* STAMBPL1: STAM binding protein like 1
* STOX1: encoding protein Storkhead box 1
* SUFU: suppressor of fused protein
* SUPV3L1: Suv3 like RNA helicase
* SYCE1: encoding protein Synaptonemal complex central element protein 1
* TACC2 encoding protein Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 2
* TBC1D12: TBC1 domain family, member 12
* TCTN3: tectonic family member 3
* TMEM10: opalin
* TMEM254: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 254
* TMEM26: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 26
* TMEM72: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 72
* TYSND1: encoding protein Trypsin domain containing 1
* UCN3: urocortin-3
* UROS: uroporphyrinogen III synthase (congenital erythropoietic porphyria)
* USMG5: Up-regulated during skeletal muscle growth protein 5
* USP54: encoding protein Ubiquitin specific peptidase 54
* USP6NL: USP6 N-terminal like protein
* UTF1: undifferentiated embryonic cell transcription factor 1
* VIM-AS1: VIM antisense RNA 1
* WASHC2C: WASH complex subunit 2C
* WBP1L: WW domain binding protein 1-like
* ZNF37A: zinc finger protein 37A
* ZNF438: zinc finger protein 438
* ZRANB1: Zinc finger ranbp2-type containing 1

## Diseases and disorders

The following diseases are related to genes on chromosome 10:
* Apert syndrome
* Barakat syndrome
* Beare–Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
* Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
* Cockayne syndrome
* Congenital erythropoietic porphyria
* Cowden syndrome
* Crouzon syndrome
* Genitopatellar syndrome
* Glioblastoma multiforme
* Gorlin syndrome
* HADDS syndrome
* Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
* Hirschprung disease
* Jackson–Weiss syndrome
* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
* Nonsyndromic deafness
* Pfeiffer syndrome
* Porphyria
* Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Pakistani type
* Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
* Thiel–Behnke corneal dystrophy
* Usher syndrome
* Wolman syndrome
* Young-Simpson syndrome
* Combined Saposin Deficiency

## Cytogenetic band

G-bands of human chromosome 10 in resolution 850 bphs :
| Chr. | Arm | Band | ISCN start | ISCN stop | Basepair start | Basepair stop | Stain | Density |
| 10 | p | 15.3 | 0 | 229 | 1 | 3,000,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 15.2 | 229 | 329 | 3,000,001 | 3,800,000 | gpos | 25 |
| 10 | p | 15.1 | 329 | 630 | 3,800,001 | 6,600,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 14 | 630 | 917 | 6,600,001 | 12,200,000 | gpos | 75 |
| 10 | p | 13 | 917 | 1175 | 12,200,001 | 17,300,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 12.33 | 1175 | 1361 | 17,300,001 | 18,300,000 | gpos | 75 |
| 10 | p | 12.32 | 1361 | 1432 | 18,300,001 | 18,400,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 12.31 | 1432 | 1604 | 18,400,001 | 22,300,000 | gpos | 75 |
| 10 | p | 12.2 | 1604 | 1662 | 22,300,001 | 24,300,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 12.1 | 1662 | 1891 | 24,300,001 | 29,300,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | p | 11.23 | 1891 | 2063 | 29,300,001 | 31,100,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 11.22 | 2063 | 2235 | 31,100,001 | 34,200,000 | gpos | 25 |
| 10 | p | 11.21 | 2235 | 2406 | 34,200,001 | 38,000,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | p | 11.1 | 2406 | 2621 | 38,000,001 | 39,800,000 | acen | |
| 10 | q | 11.1 | 2621 | 2850 | 39,800,001 | 41,600,000 | acen | |
| 10 | q | 11.21 | 2850 | 3051 | 41,600,001 | 45,500,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 11.22 | 3051 | 3252 | 45,500,001 | 48,600,000 | gpos | 25 |
| 10 | q | 11.23 | 3252 | 3409 | 48,600,001 | 51,100,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 21.1 | 3409 | 3753 | 51,100,001 | 59,400,000 | gpos | 100 |
| 10 | q | 21.2 | 3753 | 3839 | 59,400,001 | 62,800,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 21.3 | 3839 | 4097 | 62,800,001 | 68,800,000 | gpos | 100 |
| 10 | q | 22.1 | 4097 | 4469 | 68,800,001 | 73,100,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 22.2 | 4469 | 4655 | 73,100,001 | 75,900,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | q | 22.3 | 4655 | 4970 | 75,900,001 | 80,300,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 23.1 | 4970 | 5200 | 80,300,001 | 86,100,000 | gpos | 100 |
| 10 | q | 23.2 | 5200 | 5331 | 86,100,001 | 87,700,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 23.31 | 5331 | 5558 | 87,700,001 | 91,100,000 | gpos | 75 |
| 10 | q | 23.32 | 5558 | 5672 | 91,100,001 | 92,300,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 23.33 | 5672 | 5887 | 92,300,001 | 95,300,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | q | 24.1 | 5887 | 5973 | 95,300,001 | 97,500,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 24.2 | 5973 | 6131 | 97,500,001 | 100,100,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | q | 24.31 | 6131 | 6202 | 100,100,001 | 101,200,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 24.32 | 6202 | 6317 | 101,200,001 | 103,100,000 | gpos | 25 |
| 10 | q | 24.33 | 6317 | 6374 | 103,100,001 | 104,000,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 25.1 | 6374 | 6646 | 104,000,001 | 110,100,000 | gpos | 100 |
| 10 | q | 25.2 | 6646 | 6761 | 110,100,001 | 113,100,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 25.3 | 6761 | 6890 | 113,100,001 | 117,300,000 | gpos | 75 |
| 10 | q | 26.11 | 6890 | 7090 | 117,300,001 | 119,900,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 26.12 | 7090 | 7219 | 119,900,001 | 121,400,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | q | 26.13 | 7219 | 7506 | 121,400,001 | 125,700,000 | gneg | |
| 10 | q | 26.2 | 7506 | 7721 | 125,700,001 | 128,800,000 | gpos | 50 |
| 10 | q | 26.3 | 7721 | 8050 | 128,800,001 | 133,797,422 | gneg | |