OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2021 Nuristan floods

Flooding began in the Kamdesh District in Nuristan, Afghanistan, due to heavy rains. As of July 31, the death toll is at 113 while the number of people missing is unknown. According to Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahed, heavy rain on July 28 caused the flooding.

## Impact and aftermath

According to Ghulam Bahauddin Jailani, 173 houses were damaged. A number of orchards and 12 kilometers of road were also destroyed in the rain adding to road closure. Nuristan governor Hafiz Abdul Qayum stated that affected families have received government support. Assessments showed tents, beds, and kitchen sets were in need.
The Taliban stated that it has prevented the infiltration of the government forces areas affected by flooding. Lawmakers in the area claimed the Taliban were thwarting the rescue. The third wave of COVID-19 also made it difficult for medical teams to reach affected areas.
Zabiullah Mujahed has ordered the Taliban's own rescue crews to the affected area and has also ordered that 5 million Afghanis or about $62,000 be spent aiding the clean up and the people affected by the flooding.
# Asian Centre for Human Rights

The Asian Centre for Human Rights (ACHR) is a NGO (non-governmental organization) dedicated to the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Asia. It is headquartered in New Delhi, India. The organization seeks to provide timely and accurate information; conducts investigations, research and campaigns and lobbies about country situations or individual cases. It aims to increase the impact of human rights activists and civil society groups; provide input into international standard-setting processes on human rights; provide political, legal and practical advice. It secures cultural, social, and economic rights through rights-based approaches to international development. The centre maintains a particular focus on India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Maldives, Pakistan and Thailand. This organisation was founded by Madahiye Suhas Chakma.
# Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party

The Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party (BKM) was a political party in Kiribati from the merger of the Kiribati First Party and Boutokaan te Koaua in 2020.

## History

The party was established in May 2020, after the merger of the Pillars of Truth with the Kiribati First Party of Banuera Berina and twelve other MPs which left the Tobwaan Kiribati Party following the government's decision to cut diplomatic ties with Taiwan in favor of closer relations with China. On 22 May 2020, at the first meeting of the Maneaba ni Maungatabu, BKM nominated Banuera Berina as a candidate for the Beretitenti election.
Banuera was unsuccessful at the election, and the party shortly thereafter dissolved, with many of the members going on to form the Kamanoan Kiribati Party in August 2020.
# Maere Tekanene

Maere Tekanene is a former I-Kiribati politician, and part of the Pillars of Truth party, who was the Kiribati Member of Parliament for the South Tarawa constituency from 2011, and the Education Minister from 2012, until losing her seat at the 2015–16 parliamentary election.

## Career

Prior to entering the political sphere, Maere Takanene worked as a teacher at the Government school in South Tarawa. She was a consultant for the Pacific Foundation for the Advancement of Women in their report on the status of women and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women in 2003. Between 2006 and 2007, she was Acting Secretary to Parliament Committees for the Kiribati House of Assembly. In 2007, she was again a consultant, but for the United Nations Development Programme in their first national report on the Millennium Development Goals. She then worked first as a researcher, and then team leader for the Gender-Based Violence and Child Abuse Study at the Ministry of Internal and Social Affairs, and between 2010 and 2011 she was also Vice President for the Interim Kiribati Women in Politics Association.
She stood independently in the 2011 Kiribati parliamentary election, becoming one of four female Members of Parliament elected. Afterwards, she said that she was still considering which of the political parties to join, with her primary focus being on helping the women of her local constituency finding new markets in which to sell their handicrafts. She is one of three MPs for South Tarawa, alongside Teburoro Tito and Mareko Tofinga.
When President Anote Tong named his new cabinet on January 19, 2012, Tekanene was named as Minister of Education. She was one of six new appointees to the cabinet. One of her objectives in the role was to improve the sex education available in schools. She was replaced in the cabinet by Alexander Teabo on March 15, 2016. This was the first cabinet of new President Taneti Mamau of the Tobwaan Kiribati Party.
# Blaine Township, Bottineau County, North Dakota

Blaine Township is a township in Bottineau County in the U.S. state of North Dakota. Its population during the 2000 Census was 30, and an estimated 27 people as of 2009.

## History

Blaine Township was organized in 1904.

## Geography

Blaine Township is located in Southwest Bottineau County in survey township T160 North, Range 83 West. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.04 square miles (93.3 km$^2$), 99.9% of which is land. The nearest cities are Mohall to the northwest and Lansford to the south.

## Demographics

The 2000 Census reported there were 30 people, 10 households, and 8 families residing in the township. The population density was 0.8 square miles (2.1 km$^2$). There were 11 housing units at an average density of 0.3 square miles (0.78 km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100% White. Norwegians (38.5%) and Germans (35.9%) made up the largest two ancestry groups in the township.
Of the 10 households in the township, 40% had children under the age of 18 living with them. married couples made up 60% of the population. Two households (20%) were a non-family households. The average household size was 3.00 people.
Nearly 87% of the township was under the age of 65 at the 2000 Census, with children under the age of 18 making up 40% of the population. The largest group was 45- to 64-year-olds, with 23.3%, followed by 25- to 44-year-olds (20%) and those over 65 (13.3%). Just 3.3% of the population was made up of 18- to 24-year-olds. The median age was 35.5 years.
The median household income for the township was $32,500, and the median family income was $26,875. Per capita income in the township was $13,155.
# Ekaterina Dynnik

Ekaterina Dynnik (born 16 June 1999) is a Russian boxer.
She won a medal at the 2019 AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships.
# Astrid Ahnfelt

Astrid Ahnfelt (1876–1962) was a Swedish author, translator, foreign correspondent, and journal editor who wrote short stories and novels in both Swedish and Italian. She is remembered principally for fostering cultural exchanges between Sweden and Italy. Her novel I blindo (1908) about Swedes living in Italy is partly autobiographical.

## Biography

Born on 31 March 1876 in Stockholm, Astrid Ahnfelt was the daughter of the journal editor Arvid Ahnfelt (1846–1890) and Hilda Runnerström (1844–1927), a businesswoman. Her grandfather, the cleric Paul Gabriel Ahnfelt (1803–1863), had also been active as a writer. Raised in literary circles, Ahnfelt associated with the writer Ellen Key who arranged for her to become a nanny for a Swedish family in Tuscany in 1897. A year later, she moved to Rome where she earned a living working as a cultural correspondent for Swedish newspapers and magazines, commenting on Italian authors including the Nobel prize-winning poet Giosue Carducci.
Fluent in both Swedish and Italian, Ahnfelt began publishing books in 1902 with two short stories in Italian in La lacrima nel mare del dolore e La sposa della morte followed by Sagor och legender, a collection of short stories in Swedish in 1905. Her first novel, Nutidsungdom providing insights into Italy's young people, was published in Sweden the same year. Her novel I blindo (1908), also published in Sweden, received a mixed reception. Based on the lives of Swedes living in Italy, it is partly autobiographical. Contributing to the Swedish journal Idun, Ahnfelt provided accounts of the 1908 earthquake in Messina where she served as a nurse and helped the victims. In 1910, they were published in Italian as the book Foglie al vento.
Around 1910, Ahnfelt gave birth to a son, Silvano Attico, but never revealed the name of his father. After a period in Florence during World War I, she moved to Naples where she worked in a library and at the Swedish consulate while publishing translations into Swedish. From the early 1930s, as a supporter of Mussolini, Ahnfelt experienced difficulty in having her works published in Sweden. She made a living as a proofreader for Il Giornale d'Italia.
Ahnfelt died in Italy, probably in Rome, in 1962. Her son had previously died in a motorcycle accident.
# Esmé Quartet

The Esmé Quartet is a string quartet, formed in 2016 at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz in Cologne, Germany by four Korean musicians. The members were long ago acquainted with each other as friends. They shared common interests and passions in music, the arts, and life. The quartet has rapidly gained a reputation as a chamber ensemble of exceptional achievement and promise.
In spring 2018, the quartet won first prize and four special prizes (Alan Bradley Mozart-Prize, Bram Eldering Beethoven-Prize, the ProQuartet Prize and Prize of the Esterházy Foundation) at the prestigious Wigmore Hall International String Quartet Competition in London, and in autumn 2018, it became HSBC Laureate of the Académie du Festival d’Aix. This recognition followed prizes at the Trondheim International Chamber Music Competition, Irene-Steels Wilsing String Quartet Competition and the 55th Possehl Musik Preis Lübeck Germany.
The Esmé Quartet has appeared at St Martin-in-the-Fields, the Flagey Musiq3 Festival in Brussels, and as a resident quartet at the 2018 Aix-en-Provence festival, the 2018 McGill International String Quartet Academy in Montreal and Classic Esterházy in Eisenstadt. The quartet has participated in the ProQuartet Academy in Roussillon (France) in 2017 and in the 2017 Jeunesses Musicales International Chamber Music Campus in Weikersheim, where it was awarded a special prize in the form of a residency at the 2019 Heidelberger Streichquartettfest.
Esmé studied with Heime Müller (Artemis Quartet) at the Musikhochschule Lübeck, Germany and is currently studying with Oliver Wille (Kuss Quartet) at the Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover, Germany.
The ensemble takes its name from an Old French word meaning ‘loved‘ or ‘esteemed‘.

## Members

The members are:
* Wonhee Bae, first violin
* Yuna Ha, second violin
* Dimitri Murrath, viola (2023. 3.~present)
* Ye-eun Heo, violoncello.
Pre-member
* Jiwon Kim, viola (2016~2023. 3.)
# Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler

Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler (also spelled Schuessler; 21 August 1821 – 30 March 1898) was a German medical doctor in Oldenburg who searched for natural remedies and published the results of his experiments in a German homeopathic journal in March 1873, leading to a list of 12 so-called "biochemic cell salts" that remain popular in alternative medicine. Although he was firmly within the homeopathy movement of his day, the modern definition of homeopathy tends to exclude his concept of homeopathic potency, which favored remedies which, while very dilute, still retained small amounts of the original salt.

## Influences and history

Samuel Hahnemann had proposed homeopathy in 1796, based on the idea of using very dilute remedies including salts. An 1832 paper in Stapf's Archiv suggested such salts would be "essential component parts of the human body". Schüßler was influenced by an 1852 paper by the Dutch physiologist Jacob Moleschott (1812–1893). Serious discussion began only after Dr Lorbacher of Leipzig critically considered his ideas five months later. An English translation appeared in the Medical Investigator in May 1873, then in "The Twelve Tissue Remedies" by Dr C. Hering, and in 1888 in a book of the same name by Boericke and Dewey, two medical doctors in San Francisco.
Around the beginning of the twentieth century, Eli Jones and other doctors studied Schüßler's ideas and derived new ones; by the end of that century Schüßler's name (in various forms of spelling) and list of twelve "tissue salts" were commonly found in health shops and alternative medicine books.
Schuessler salts are discussed in Western Australia's Government Gazette of 12 April 1946:
   THE following report is issued under section 210 of the Health Act, 1911-1944:- It is claimed that the above "remedy" [Dr. Schuessler's Cell Salts, Kali Phos. 3X] is "indicated in loss of mental power, brain fog, paralysis of any part, nervous headaches, neuralgic pains, general disability and exhaustion and sleeplessness from nervous disorders." The "remedy" has been analysed and been found to contain potassium dihydrogen phosphate and lactose. The actual quantity of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the "adult dose" is so minute that over 9,000 tablets would be necessary to give the minimum medicinal dose of this drug. Lactose is a sugar which is of no value in the treatment of any of the above-mentioned maladies. Dr. Schuessler's Cell Salts can therefore have no curative value. They will bring about no improvement in any of the illnesses for which they are said to be indicated. Any expenditure on the purchase of these salts will be money wasted

## Works

* Eine abgekürzte Therapie: Anleitung zur biochemischen Behandlung der Krankheiten. Schulze, Oldenburg 42nd ed. 1917 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Angela M. Martinez

Angela M. Martinez (born 1972) is an American lawyer who has served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona since 2024. She previously served as a United States magistrate judge of the same court from 2023 to 2024.

## Education

Martinez earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Arizona in 1995 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law in 2000.

## Career

Martinez served as a law clerk for Judge John Roll of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona from 2000 to 2002. From 2002 to 2004, she was an associate at Lewis and Roca, L.L.P. in Phoenix and Tucson. From 2005 to 2009, she served as an assistant United States attorney in the District of Arizona and from 2012 to 2013, she was an associate at Farhang & Medcoff, P.L.L.C. From 2013 to 2015, she served as a law clerk for Judge Jennifer Zipps of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. From 2015 to 2023, Martinez was previously an assistant United States attorney in the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Arizona.

### Federal judicial service

On March 30, 2023, she was appointed to serve as a United States magistrate judge of the District of Arizona.
On February 21, 2024, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Martinez to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. On February 27, 2024, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Martinez to the seat being vacated by Judge James A. Soto, who subsequently assumed senior status on July 1, 2024. On March 20, 2024, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On April 18, 2024, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 13–8 vote. On May 21, 2024, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 64–29 vote. On May 22, 2024, her nomination was confirmed by a 66–28 vote. Martinez is Biden's 200th judge to be confirmed. She received her judicial commission on July 2, 2024.
# Annie Petsonk

Carol Annette "Annie" Petsonk is an American attorney who had served the Assistant Secretary of Transportation for Aviation and International Affairs in the Biden administration. Petsonk was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in a voice vote on May 18, 2022.

## Education

Pentsonk began her undergraduate education at Harvard University before transferring to Colorado College, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1979. She then earned a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School.

## Career

After graduating from law school, Pentsonk worked in the United States Department of Justice and Office of the United States Trade Representative, where she worked on issues related to trade and environmental policy. She has also worked at the United Nations Environment Programme and as a law professor at the George Washington University Law School. Prior to the start of the Biden administration, was the international counsel for the Environmental Defense Fund.
# Arianna J. Freeman

Arianna Julia Freeman (born 1978) is an American lawyer from Pennsylvania who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.

## Early life and education

Freeman was born in 1978 in Boston. She received her Bachelor of Arts, with honors, from Swarthmore College in 2001 and her Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 2007.

## Career

Freeman served as a law clerk for Judge James T. Giles from 2007 to 2008 and Judge C. Darnell Jones II from 2008 to 2009, both on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. From 2009 to 2022, she worked at the Federal Community Defender Office including as an assistant federal defender as a research and writing specialist from 2009 to 2014 and in the Non-Capital Habeas Unit from 2014 to 2016. From 2016 to 2022, she was a managing attorney with the Federal Community Defender office for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
Freeman was part of the legal team handling the federal habeas corpus challenge of the death sentence of Terrance Williams, who was convicted of a 1984 murder.

### Federal judicial service

On January 19, 2022, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Freeman to serve as a United States circuit judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. President Biden nominated Freeman to the seat vacated by Judge Theodore McKee, who on July 29, 2021, notified the White House that he intended to assume senior status upon confirmation of his successor. On January 28, 2022, following Justice Stephen Breyer's announcement of his intention to retire as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Freeman was mentioned as one of the potential nominees for a Supreme Court appointment by President Joe Biden. On March 2, 2022, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. During her confirmation hearing, Republican senators criticized her work as a public defender. On April 4, 2022, the committee failed to report her nomination by an 11–11 vote. On June 22, 2022, the United States Senate discharged the committee from further consideration of her nomination by a 50–48 vote. On September 6, 2022, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on her nomination. On September 12, 2022, the Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 45–44 vote. On September 13, 2022, the Senate rejected her nomination by a 47–50 vote. Freeman was the first Biden judicial nominee to be rejected by the Senate. On September 29, 2022, upon reconsideration, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–47 vote. She received her judicial commission on October 20, 2022. She is the first African-American woman to serve on the Third Circuit.
# Mubarak Marzouq

Mubarak Marzouq Hamed Al-Issa (Arabic: مُبَارَك مَرْزُوق حَامِد الْعِيسَى; born 1 January 1961) is a Kuwaiti football defender who played for Kuwait in the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Tadamon.
# Three Freshmen

The Three Freshmen were an American Vaudeville acrobatic team active during the 1930s and 1940s. The performers were Freddie Reid, Louis Regan, and Ken Carter. The trio sometimes performed as “Regan, Carter & Reid.”

## History

The members of the Three Freshmen began practicing acrobatics recreationally together in Cleveland, Ohio. They impressed a coach at a Cleveland YMCA, who suggested that they develop a professional act. Reid responded enthusiastically: “That’s like drawing a salary for eating candy.” The Freshmen initially performed straight acrobatics, but transitioned to comedic acrobatics after a positive audience reaction to a performance accident when Ken jumped for Louis’ shoulders, missed, and landed on the rear of his lap.

## Career

The Freshmen performed as “comedy acrobats.” Their act was described as a “knockabout comedy routine,” featuring “unusual hand-balancing feats and acrobatics performed with an easy grace that ma[de] the hard stunts look easy,” “season[ing] their turn with just enough nonsense to give it distinction.” One journalist described the Three Freshmen's performance as follows: "The performers fell all over the stage, bounced and did it again with never an interruption in their patter.” The act included slapstick elements, “knockabout antics, with many falls and face slappings.”
The Freshmen toured widely, not merely across the United States but also in Canada, Europe, and South America. Their performances had various titles, including “Never a Dull Moment” and "Bored of Education." They often performed as the top-billed act in revues. Freshman Freddie Reid sometimes doubled as emcee for the larger performance.
The Freshmen performed with a wide range of celebrities, including Sally Rand, Ronald Reagan, and Red Skelton.
The Freshmen also toured with Benny Davis as part of his “Stardust Revue.” In 1938, they appeared with Davis in the Vitaphone short “Stardust,” one of the movie shorts in the Broadway Brevities series.

## Critical reception

The Three Freshmen were favorably received by critics of the period. In 1942, Billboard Magazine reported that the Freshmen “[a]ll but stopped the show” with their “top acro routines” combined with “a lot of clowning and mugging.” Other reviewers opined that the Freshmen’s act was “loaded with thrills and laughs” and “[s]ome of the finest tumbling ever witnessed”; “[s]ide-splitting”; and “st[ole] the show.”
One Billboard reviewer opined that “[t]heir straight acrobatics [we]re very good, and the comedy [wa]s interspersed in just the right proportion to make a well-balanced offering.” The team presented “acro and hand-balancing patterns that [we]re neat, fast, and pretty entertaining. Bring in several bits of comedy which serve as good relief for their straight and stock tricks.”