OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint-Martin-Bellevue

Saint-Martin-Bellevue (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: San-Martin) is a former commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. On 1 January 2017, it merged with the new commune of Fillière.
# Montmin

Montmin (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Talloires-Montmin.
Inhabitants of the commune are known as Montminois (male) and Montminoises (female).

## Geography

The seven hamlets occupy a four-mile long valley which is bordered on the west by Mont Chenevier, and on the east by the impressive and snow-capped Tournette massif. According to locals, Noah's Ark landed at the Col de l'Aulp, whose valley is indeed shaped like a ship; Noah, Biblical father of viticulture, would have planted the lakeside vineyards of Talloires, which produced wines and brandy until the 1950s. The mean elevation of the village is 1000 meters, or 3250 feet above sea level.

## History

First settled in the early Middle Ages, shortly after the year 1000, the hamlets were farming communities that existed almost entirely independently of the outside world until the advent of modern transportation.

## Tourism

With the arrival of modern roads and vehicles, Montmin has become a tourist attraction renowned for the scenic Col de la Forclaz mountain pass, one of the premier hang gliding and paragliding sites in Europe. Montmin hosted the 1995 Hang Gliding Championships of France. And in July 1997 Montmin watched the Tour de France bicycle race come through the community, up from Faverges, over the Col de la Forclaz and back down toward Bluffy and the high Alps to the east.
Unlike its neighbors in the high Alps (La Clusaz, Megève, etc.), Montmin has not become a vast urbanized winter playground crisscrossed with ski lifts and dotted with large hotels and apartment buildings. Cautious zoning and deliberately limited development have allowed Montmin to retain much of its charm as a quiet agricultural community, even though it is a mere twenty minutes from downtown Annecy.
In the winter, Montmin's small ski lifts are known as a good place for beginning and intermediate skiers; many of the villagers are certified ski instructors, and many children of the Annecy and Faverges area first learned to ski in Montmin. In the summer, the same lifts are used for summer gliding sports. Montmin's principal claim to fame is as the starting point of several popular hiking trails, including the scenic climb up Mt. Tournette, the tallest of the mountains overlooking Lake Annecy.
A hotel and several restaurants at the Col de la Forclaz mountain pass receive thousands of tourists who come to enjoy the excellent view of Lake Annecy. These facilities offer comfortable accommodations and traditional Savoy country cooking.

## Miscellaneous

The local cheese dairy farms produce the renowned Tomme and Reblochon cheeses for which the area is famous.
At the dawn of the 21st century, Montmin's population is beginning to grow again as the village finds a new role as a dormitory for the cities of Annecy and Faverges, though it retains much of its rustic charm.
# Gary Williams (footballer, born 1954)

Gary S. Peter Williams (born 8 March 1954) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League, as a defender for Preston North End, Brighton and Crystal Palace.

## Career

Williams began his youth career at Marine and in 1971, signed for Preston North End. He made 112 League appearances for Preston, scoring twice, before signing for Brighton in 1977, for whom he made 158 League appearances scoring eight times. Williams is remembered for an 86th-minute winner and goal of the season contender for the club against Champions Nottingham Forest at the Goldstone on 29 March 1980.
In July 1982, Williams signed for Crystal Palace and made his debut in the first match of the 1982–83 season in a home 1–1 draw against Barnsley. He went on to make 10 consecutive appearances plus a further 3 in the League Cup before sustaining an injury which ultimately ended his professional career in 1983.
Williams then returned to Brighton for a further season in the Sussex County League with Whitehawk, representing Sussex and being part of the Hawks Championship winning team in 1984.
# Pradinas

Pradinas is a commune located in the Aveyron department in southern France.
# Bennett McCallum

Bennett Tarlton McCallum (July 27, 1935 - December 28, 2022) was an American monetary economist. He was H. J. Heinz Professor of Economics at Carnegie Mellon University's Tepper School of Business. He is known for the McCallum Rule, a monetary policy proposal advocating targeting the growth rate of the monetary base.
McCallum earned a B.A. and a B.Sc. (in chemical engineering) from Rice University. He then attended Harvard Business School to earn his M.B.A., before returning to Rice in order to obtain his Ph.D. in economics.
He became professor at Carnegie Mellon in 1981, after holding a professorship at the University of Virginia (1974–1982). Among his doctoral students was Charles L. Evans, who was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago from 2007 to 2023.
# Karaimeendarkottai

Karaimeendarkottai is a village in the Orathanadu taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Karaimeendarkottai had a total population of 1212 with 597 males and 615 females. The sex ratio was 1.030. The literacy rate was 69.39.
# 43rd government of Turkey

The 43rd government of Turkey (12 November 1979 – 12 September 1980) was a minority government led by Süleyman Demirel of Justice Party (AP).

## The elections

The 42nd government of Turkey came to an end because of the defeat of Bülent Ecevit's CHP in by-elections. However, CHP was still the largest party in the parliament, and Süleyman Demirel could not found a coalition government. Instead, he asked for the support of the other parties, which were reluctant to participate in the government. Finally, Necmettin Erbakan of the National Salvation Party agreed to support the minority government of AP.

## The government

In the list below, the serving period of cabinet members who served only a part of the cabinet's lifespan are shown in the column "Notes".
| Title | Name | Party | Notes |
| Prime Minister | Süleyman Demirel | AP | |
| Minister of State | Orhan Eren | AP | |
| Minister of State | Muhammet Kelleci | AP | 12 November 1979 – 15 May 1980 |
| Minister of State | Ekrem Ceyhun | AP | |
| Minister of State | Ahmet Karahan | AP | |
| Minister of State | Metin Musaoğlu | AP | |
| Minister of State | Köksal Toptan | AP | |
| Ministry of Justice | Ömer Ucuzal | AP | |
| Ministry of National Defense | Ahmet İhsan Birincioğlu | AP | |
| Ministry of the Interior | Mustafa Gülcügil Orhan Eren | AP | 12 November 1979 – 21 July 1980 4 August 1980 – 12 September 1980 |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Hayrettin Erkmen | AP | |
| Ministry of Finance | İsmet Sezgin | AP | |
| Ministry of National Education | Orhan Cemal Fersoy | AP | |
| Ministry of Public Works | Selahattin Kılıç | AP | |
| Ministry of Commerce | Halil Başol | AP | |
| Ministry of Health and Social Security | Ali Münif İslamoğlu | AP | |
| Ministry of Customs and Monopolies | Ahmet Çakmak | AP | |
| Ministry of Food Agriculture and Husbandry | Cemal Külahlı | AP | |
| Ministry of Transport | Hüseyin özalp | AP | |
| Ministry of Labour | Hüseyin Cavit Erdemir | AP | |
| Ministry of Social Security | Sümer Oral | AP | |
| Ministry of Industry and Technology | Kemal Bayar | AP | |
| Ministry of Culture | Tevfik Koraltan | AP | |
| Ministry of Construction and Settlement | Turgut Toker | AP | |
| Ministry of Village Affairs and Cooperatives | Ahmet Karayiğit | AP | |
| Ministry of Forestry | Hasan Ekinci | AP | |
| Ministry of Youth and Sports | Talat Asal | AP | |
| Ministry of Tourism | Barlas Küntay | AP | |
| Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources | Esat Kıratlıoğlu | AP | |

## Aftermath

The government ended with the 1980 Turkish coup d'état.
# Cape Verde–United States relations

Cape Verde–United States relations are the international relations between Cape Verde and the United States.

## History

The relationship is cordial and has strong historical roots. In the early 18th century, U.S. whaling ships appear to have begun recruiting crews from Brava and Fogo to hunt whales that were abundant in the waters surrounding Cape Verde. Ties between the American colonies and Cape Verde are documented as early as the 1740s, when American ships routinely anchored in Cape Verdean ports to trade for salt or buy slaves. The tradition of emigration to the United States began at that time and continues today.
The first U.S. consulate in sub-Saharan Africa was established in Cape Verde in 1818. U.S. consular representation continued throughout the 19th century. The United States recognised Cape Verde on its independence day and supported its admission to the United Nations. Cape Verde assigned one of its first ambassadors to the United States, and a resident U.S. ambassador was posted to Cape Verde in 1983. Prime Minister Jose Neves visited Cape Verdean communities in New England during an official trip to the United States in 2002, and President Pedro Pires visited the United States in April 2005. (Prime Minister Neves also visited the U.S. in September 2007.)
The United States provided emergency humanitarian aid and economic assistance to Cape Verde in the period immediately following Cape Verde's independence, as well as after natural disasters, including a hurricane that struck the island of Brava in 1982, and after a severe volcanic eruption on Fogo in 1995. Cape Verde also is eligible for trade benefits under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and has signed an Open Skies agreement to facilitate air travel safety and expansion. On July 4, 2005, Cape Verde became the third country to sign a compact with the U.S. Government-funded Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC); the five-year assistance package is worth over $110 million in addressing rural economic expansion, infrastructure development, and development of the credit sector.
In December 2024, U.S. President Joe Biden paid a visit to Cape Verde and met with Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva and discussed the growing U.S.-Cabo Verdean relationship.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Cape Verde has an embassy in Washington, D.C., and a consulate-general in Boston.
* United States has an embassy in Praia.
# Caral Spangler

Caral Elizabeth Spangler (Cah-rall Span-gla) (née Erickson); is an American government official who had served as the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller).

## Early life and education

Spangler was born in Mankato, Minnesota. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics with honor from the School of Business at Michigan State University in 1980. She then obtained a Master of Public Administration degree from the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University in 1981.

## Career

Spangler began her career in the office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller). She then worked in the office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) and as a legislative aide for Congressman Norman Mineta of California. She later worked in the offices of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force, and Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller), specializing in finance and budget issues. She served as acting auditor general of the United States Navy, acting assistant secretary of the United States Army, and Assistant Deputy Commandant for Program and Resources with the US Marine Corps.

### Army Nomination

President Joe Biden nominated Spangler as Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller) on June 3, 2021. She was approved the Senate Armed Services Committee on August 7 and confirmed by the entire Senate on August 9 by voice vote. She was sworn in on August 17, 2021.
# Heliorabdia

Heliorabdia is a genus of moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It contains only one species, Heliorabdia taiwana, which is found in Taiwan.
# Plug & Pray

Plug & Pray is a 2010 documentary film about the promise, problems and ethics of artificial intelligence and robotics. The main protagonists are the former MIT professor Joseph Weizenbaum and the futurist Raymond Kurzweil. The title is a pun on the computer hardware phrase "Plug and Play".

## Synopsis

Computer experts around the world strive towards the development of intelligent robots. Pioneers like Raymond Kurzweil and Hiroshi Ishiguro dream of fashioning intelligent machines that will equal their human creators. In this potential reality, man and machine merge as a single unity. Rejecting evolution's biological shackles tantalisingly dangles the promise of eternal life for those bold enough to seize it. But others, like Joseph Weizenbaum, counterattack against society's limitless faith in the redemptive powers of technology, questioning the prevailing discourses on new technologies and their ethical relationships to human life. The film delves into a world where computer technology, robotics, biology, neuroscience, and developmental psychology merge, and features roboticists in their laboratories in Japan, the US, Italy and Germany.

## Background

Since antiquity, mankind has dreamed of creating brilliant machines. The invention of the computer and the breathtaking pace of technological progress appear to be bringing the realisation of this dream within the grasp of humans. Robots were to do the housework, look after the children, care for the elderly, and go to war. Former MIT professor Joseph Weizenbaum, creator of ELIZA, has become a harsh critic of their visions of technological omnipotence.
Production of the film started in 2006 and ended in 2009. The death of the main protagonist Joseph Weizenbaum on March 5, 2008, fell in this period. The international festival premiere was at FIPA 2010 in Biarritz, France. Since then the film has been invited to 27 film festivals, among them the Seattle International Film Festival, Vancouver Film Festival, Visions du Réel. The theatrical release in Germany was on Nov. 11, 2010.

## Awards

The film won the Bavarian Film Award 2010 for "Best Documentary", the Grand Prix of the Jury for the best film at the Paris International Science Film Festival, the Primer Premio for best film at the Mostra de Ciencia e Cinema in La Coruña (Spain), and the Science Communication Award at the International Science Film Festival Athens. It was also chosen as the best international film at the 46th AFO, Science Documentary Festival in Olomouc, Czech Republic, in 2011.
# Charles J. Willoughby Jr.

Charles James Willoughby Jr. (born February 25, 1978) is an American lawyer who is serving as an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.

## Early life and education

Willoughby is a native of Washington, D.C. He received a Bachelor of Arts from Morehouse College in 2000, a Bachelor of Arts from Belmont University in 2002 and a Juris Doctor from Howard University School of Law in 2007.

## Career

From 2009 to 2013, Willoughby was an assistant attorney general in the Criminal Division of the United States Virgin Islands Department of Justice. From 2013 to 2014, he was an associate attorney at Quintairos, Prieto, Wood & Boyer, P.A. From 2014 to 2024, he served as an assistant United States attorney in the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia; being appointed a deputy chief in the Major Crimes Section of the Superior Court division in 2023. He also practiced criminal and civil law at a firm in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands.

### D.C. superior court service

In March 2023, Willoughby was one of three people recommended by the District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission to fill the vacancy left by the retirement of Judge John M. Campbell. On June 28, 2023, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Willoughby to serve as an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. On July 11, 2023, his nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Willoughby to the seat vacated by Judge William M. Jackson, who retired on March 31, 2022. On September 21, 2023, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. On September 27, 2023, his nomination was reported out of the committee by a 7–2 vote. On January 3, 2024, his nomination was returned to the president under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate. He was renominated on January 11, 2024. On January 31, 2024, his nomination was reported out of the committee by a 10–3 vote. On July 9, 2024, the Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 54–39 vote. The next day, his nomination was confirmed by a 50–43 vote. He was sworn in on August 19, 2024.

## Awards and recognition

In 2021, he received the AUSA Association's Patricia J. Smoot Award.
# Verena Ross

Verena Bettina Ross (born 4 March 1968) is a German economist. She is President of the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA).

## Biography

Verena Ross studied economics at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
She began her career at the Bank of England. She then served as chief of staff to Howard Davies, the first chairman of the Financial Services Authority (FSA), upon its establishment in 2000. She became an executive director in June 2011, and then president of the European Securities and Markets Authority in 2021. In 2011, she was the preferred candidate of the City of London.
In 2023, she warned about the risks associated with collateral and highlighted ESMA's lack of resources to regulate cryptocurrencies and their impact on financial markets.
# Disappearance of Trudie Adams

Trudie Jeanette Adams disappeared in the early hours of 25 June 1978 after attending a dance at the Newport Surf Life Saving Club, New South Wales, Australia. She left the event early before hitchhiking home, at which point she entered a vehicle on Barrenjoey Road and has not been seen since. Her disappearance sparked New South Wales' biggest missing person search at the time, attracted extensive and ongoing national media attention, and eventually a $250,000 reward.

## Disappearance and investigation

Trudie Adams' parents and ex-boyfriend, Steven Norris, reported her missing on 25 June 1978 after she failed to arrive home from the dance. Although police initially believed that the car she entered was a green Kombi van, Norris, as the main eyewitness, stated that he saw her enter a light-coloured 1977 Holden panel van. Police who investigated the case originally cast suspicion on Norris. Eventually he was cleared, and suspicion widened to those involved in the drug scene.
In the days after the attacks, a number of female rape victims, who had been assaulted by two disguised men, began to report a series of then-unknown crimes to police. Investigators then suspected that Adams' disappearance was linked to the 14 now-known violent rapes that had occurred in the Northern Beaches between 1971 and 1978, and may also be related to an attempted attack on a hitchhiker earlier on the evening of Adams' disappearance. On 16 August 1978, a reward of $20,000 was offered by the New South Wales government, and over the years her suspected murder has been investigated by police four times.

## Developments

* In 1992, the case was reopened based on a refocused interest in the possible involvement of the green Kombi van.
* In 2008, the reward was raised to $250,000 for information which would lead to the conviction of her murderer(s).
* In 2009, the case's prime suspect, a convicted drug dealer and sex offender known as Neville Brian Tween, who was identified by some of the rape victims, was finally interviewed by police regarding Adams' disappearance. Tween, who had also been a police informant, denied any involvement in the disappearance or the rape cases (despite circumstantial evidence) and died in 2013.
* In 2011, an inquest was held in order to further investigate the disappearance of Adams, which resulted in the Coroner declaring that Adams died of "homicide or misadventure."
* In 2018, interest in the case was reignited by the airing of the second series of the Australian crime podcast Unravel and TV documentary Barrenjoey Road. A number of non-reported crimes and previously unknown victims have also come forward due to the airing of the podcast.
# 1299 in Norway

Events in the year 1299 in Norway.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Eric II Magnusson then Haakon V Magnusson.

## Events

* Euphemia of Rügen married Duke Håkon V of Norway.

## Deaths

* 13 July – Eric II of Norway, King (born c. 1268).
# Aynur Mustafayeva

Aynur Mustafayeva (born 13 February 1998) is an Azeri retired rhythmic gymnast. She represented her country in international competitions.

## Career

Mustafayeva became a senior in 2014 and that year she entered the national senior group. She debuted at the World Cup in Debrecen, winning gold in the All-Around and bronze with 3 balls & 2 ribbons. In April the group won silver in the All-Around in Lisbon. In May they won bronze in the All-Around and gold with 5 pairs of clubs in the stage in Tashkent, and 8th overall as well as 7th with 10 clubs in Minsk. A month later she competed in the European Championships in Baku finishing 6th in the All-Around, 6th with 10 clubs and won silver with 3 balls & 2 ribbons. In the World Cup in Sofia they were 13th in the All-Around. In September Aynur was selected along Sabina Abbasova, Diana Doman, Aliya Pashayeva, Aliaksandra Platonova and Siyana Vasileva, for the World Championships in Izmir. There they took 6th place in the All-Around and 8th in both event finals.
In March 2015 the group took part in the World Cup in Lisbon, being 8th with 5 ribbons and 7th with 3 hoops & 4 clubs. In June she competed in the 2015 European Games Azerbaijan was 11th in the All-Around qualification and did not advance to finals. Two months later Mustafayeva, Sabina Abbasova, Nigar Abdusalimova, Diana Doman, Aliaksandra Platonova and Siyana Vasileva competed at the World Championships in Stuttgart, being 13th overall, 16th with 10 clubs and 8th with 3 balls & 2 ribbons.
# DNS hosting service

A DNS hosting service is a service that runs Domain Name System (DNS) servers. Most, but not all, domain name registrars include DNS hosting service with registration. Free DNS hosting services also exist. Many third-party DNS hosting services provide dynamic DNS.
DNS hosting service is optimal when the provider has multiple servers in various geographic locations that provide resilience and minimize latency for clients around the world. By operating DNS nodes closer to end users, DNS queries travel a much shorter distance, resulting in faster Web address resolution speed.
DNS can also be self-hosted by running on generic Internet hosting services.

## Free DNS

A number of sites offer free DNS hosting, either for second-level domains registered with registrars which do not offer free (or sufficiently flexible) DNS service, or as third-level domains (selection.somedomain.com). These services generally also offer Dynamic DNS. Free DNS typically includes facilities to manage A, MX, CNAME, TXT and NS records of the domain zone. In many cases the free services can be upgraded with various premium services.
Free DNS service providers can also make money through sponsorship. The majority of modern free DNS services are sponsored by large providers of telecommunication services.
# Andrei Alekseyev

Andrei Alekseyevich Alekseyev (Russian: Андрей Алексеевич Алексеев; born 6 May 1997) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Chertanovo Moscow on 9 October 2020 in a game against FC Krasnodar-2.