OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2018 Arab League summit

The 2018 Arab League Summit (also known as the Dhahran Summit or Dammam Summit or Jerusalem summit) was the Arab League's 29th summit held in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on Sunday, 15 April 2018. The Summit was initially expected to be held in Riyadh. A preparatory meeting was held in Riyadh on Thursday, 12 April 2018 which was presided over by the Saudi Minister of Foreign Affairs Adel al-Jubeir. Foreign Ministers of the 22 countries attended the meeting.

## Attendance
### Arab League representatives

* Djibouti - Ismail Omar Guelleh
* Egypt - President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
* Iraq - President Fuad Masum
* Lebanon - President Michel Aoun
* Mauritania - Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
* Morocco - King Mohammed VI
* Palestine - Mahmoud Abbas
* Saudi Arabia - King Salman
* Somalia - Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
* Sudan - President Omar al-Bashir
* Tunisia - Beji Caid Essebsi
* Yemen - Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi

### Other participants

* African Union Commission - Chairman of the African Union Commission Moussa Faki
* European Union - High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Federica Mogherini
* United Nations - Secretary-General António Guterres

## Venue

The summit was announced to be held at the King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture which was constructed by Saudi Aramco and was opened in 2016.

## Security Measures

As a security measure a number of roads were closed for traffic in the Dammam-Dhahran-Khobar region. It was also declared that all educational institutions would remain closed on Sunday.

## Invitation to Qatar

Despite the blockade imposed on Qatar by Saudi Arabia and a number of other countries, an official invitation was sent to Qatar to attend the Summit. The Foreign Ministry of Qatar issued a statement that Qatar had accepted the invitation and would be attending the Summit. The Saudi Foreign Minister al-Jubeir announced that the Qatar diplomatic crisis would not be discussed at the Summit.
# 1969 Scottish National Party leadership election

There was a Scottish National Party leadership election in 1969. The election saw the incumbent Arthur Donaldson defeated by William Wolfe.
By 1969, Arthur Donaldson had been party leader for nine years, and was in his late 60s. Despite his success in growing the party, Donaldson was not without his critics, and at the 1967 SNP Annual Conference he had faced a leadership challenge from Douglas Drysdale, which he comfortably defeated.
In January 1969, Arthur Donaldson announced his intention to stand down from the SNP leadership. Many party members felt the SNP needed someone younger than Donaldson (then 68 years old) to lead the party. However, following a number of requests from SNP branches and members that he reconsider his decision to resign so close to a forthcoming general election, he decided to put himself forward for re-nomination as leader at the 1969 SNP Annual National Conference. At conference in June of that year, the SNP's deputy leader, William Wolfe, was elected as leader by 544 votes to 238 for Donaldson.

## Result

| Candidate | Candidate | Delegate votes | Delegate votes | Delegate votes |
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | Votes | % |
| | William Wolfe Y | 544 | | 69.6% |
| | Arthur Donaldson | 238 | | 30.4% |
# 1970 Chisholm by-election

A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Chisholm on 19 September 1970. This was triggered by the death of Liberal Party MP Wilfrid Kent Hughes.
The by-election was won by Liberal candidate Tony Staley.

## Results

Chisholm by-election, 1970 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Tony Staley | 24,767 | 54.1 | +1.2 |
| | Labor | Frank Costigan | 15,335 | 33.5 | −0.6 |
| | Defence of Government Schools | Ray Nilsen | 4,138 | 9.0 | +9.0 |
| | Australia | Andrew Morrow | 1,501 | 3.3 | −0.6 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 45,741 | 98.4 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 756 | 1.6 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 46,497 | 82.0 | |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Liberal | Tony Staley | | 59.0 | −3.6 |
| | Labor | Frank Costigan | | 41.0 | +3.6 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | −3.6 | |
# 1970 Yukon general election

The 1970 Yukon general election was held on 8 September 1970 to elect the seven members of the 22nd Yukon Territorial Council. The council was non-partisan and had merely an advisory role to the federally appointed Commissioner. There were twenty-one candidates, and 5,152 out of a potential 7,700 electors voted, a turnout of 66.9%.
The members elected to the council were Hilda Watson, Ken McKinnon, Norman Chamberlist, Don Taylor, Clive Tanner, Mike Stutter and Ronald Rivett. Watson and Chamberlist were the two members appointed to the council's new executive committee.

## Election results

Candidates by district :
| District | Winner | Second | Third | Fourth | Fifth |
| Carmacks-Kluane | Hilda Watson 314 | John Livesey 103 | | | |
| Dawson | Mike Stutter 258 | Tony Penikett (NDP) 116 | Fabien Salois 108 | Paul McLeod Finley 54 | Jimmy Mellor 20 |
| Mayo | Ronald Rivett 248 | George Dobson 69 | Jean Gordon 46 | | |
| Watson Lake | Don Taylor 397 | R. W. Stubenberg 275 | | | |
| Whitehorse East | Norman Chamberlist 548 | Don Branigan 362 | Ralph Hudson 348 | | |
| Whitehorse North | Clive Tanner 372 | Harvey Kent 235 | Jack Burrows 210 | | |
| Whitehorse West | Ken McKinnon 444 | John Watt 294 | John Hoyt 281 | | |
# EMG 81

The EMG 81 is a popular active humbucker guitar pickup manufactured by EMG, Inc. It is usually considered a lead pickup for use in the bridge position, paired with EMG's 85 as a rhythm pickup in neck position (Zakk Wylde is famous for this configuration). It's not uncommon, however, to see a guitar with two EMG 81s in both bridge and neck positions (for instance, Kirk Hammett's EMG-KH21 pickup sets, which include two EMG 81 pickups for both neck and bridge positions).
The EMG 81 pickup is preferred as a lead pickup because of its high output and smooth control from having a rail magnet. Rail magnets tend to sound smoother through string bends because they have a constant "rail" that runs through the pickup, while typical guitar pickups have polepieces under each string that lose signal strength as the string bends away from the polepiece. The EMG 81 can be recognized by its dark grey humbucker form-factor and a silver embossed EMG logo.
With its high output, focused mids, consistent tone, tight attack and distinct clarity even under heavy distortion, the EMG 81 is a classic favorite among heavy metal guitar players.

## History and design

The EMG-81 was developed in 1979 and released to the market in 1981 (hence the model number). Construction is similar to traditional U-shaped pickups, but there are no separate pole pieces; steel bars (rails) are used instead. The Alnico V magnets of earlier discontinued models have been replaced with ceramic ones. While nominal output is the same as current EMG 85, lower noise ratio gives more gain opportunity.
As most other modern EMG pickups, today's EMG-81 has a Quik-connect output, which is a three-pin header on the pickup which comes with a compatible wiring harness. This allows for a less complicated pickup swap in the future, only requiring the removal of the pickup guard and disconnecting the pickup, as opposed to melting the solder and installing the new pickup.
A few variants of the EMG 81 have also been released, such as the TW and X. The 81TW version features two separate pickups and preamps in a single pickup housing, allowing for single-coil and humbucking tones. The 81-X provides increased headroom giving the voicing an organic and open tone while still maintaining clarity and response.
# Lawrence Hart

Lawrence Hart may refer to:
* Lawrence Hart (American football), American football tight end
* Lawrence Hart (athlete), American hammer thrower
* Lawrence Hart (poet) (1901–1996), American poet of the "Activist Group"
* Lawrence Hart, see Metropolitan Council (Nashville)
# Benny Luke

Benny Luke (4 March 1939 in Oakland, California – 13 January 2013) was an American-French actor and dancer established in Paris.
He is best known for playing the role of Jacob, the domestic of Renato and Albin in the trilogy of films La Cage Aux Folles. He also had a role in the film Spermula.
As a dancer, he mainly made his career in Parisian cabarets.
He died on 13 January 2013 and was cremated at Père-Lachaise cemetery on 17 January.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1971 | Le feu sacré | Danseur 'Pulsations' |
| 1976 | Spermula | Luc |
| 1978 | La Cage Aux Folles | Jacob |
| 1980 | La Cage aux folles 2 | Jacob |
| 1985 | La Cage aux folles 3 | Jacob |
# Nuniyya of Ibn Zaydun

The "Nuniyya of Ibn Zaydun" (Arabic: نونية ابن زيدون; incipit: أَضْحَى التَنائي بَديلاً مِن تَدانينا) is a 52–verse nūniyya, or a monorhyme poem in nūn (ن), by the 11th century Andalusi poet Ibn Zaydun (d. 1071). It has been described by Michael Sells as the "quintessential Arabic love poem."$^{:129}$ It is one of the most famous pieces of Andalusi literature.
The poem was written to Wallada bint al-Mustakfi. It is a poem of longing.

## Structure

Raymond K. Farrin identifies a ring composition in the poem and divides the poem into five discrete sections: A – B – C – B¹ – A¹. According to Farrin:
   Section A introduces the idea of the poet's separation from his beloved, Wallāda, and culminates in a mood of hopelessness and resignation. Morning is associated with this somber reality. In section B, Ibn Zaydân addresses Wallāda formally and recalls that their nights together were blissful. Section C constitutes the heart of the poem, a paean to Wallāda's beauty and royal stature. At the end of C, the poet switches to an intimate form of address, having implied that, her nobility notwithstanding, he is an equal by the agency of sensual love. B¹ and A¹ correspond thematically to sections B and A, yet the tone becomes increasingly personal at the end of the poem, consonant with private subject matter and an appeal for a reply. The ghazal concludes at the point when figurative night, filled with its dreams of Wallāda and hopes for a response, is about to be replaced by the bleak morning hour and hopelessness of the introduction, suggesting an awareness on behalf of the poet that word from the beloved will not likely come.

## Poetic devices
### Antithesis

Farrin notes that in the two hemistiches of verse 14, the most often quoted verse of the poem, there appear five instances of ṭibāq (طِباق 'antithesis'):
Verse 14 :
| hālat lifaqdikumu ayyāmunā, faghadat | حالَت لِفَقدِكُمُ أَيّامُنا فَغَدَت |
| Our days have been transformed by your absence so that they have become ||
| sūdan, wa kānat bikum bīdan layālīnā | سوداً وَكانَت بِكُم بيضاً لَيالينا |
| black-morned whereas with you our nights were white ||
instances of ṭibāq :
| hālat - kānat | faqdikum - bikum | ayyāmunā - layālīnā | sūdan - bīdan | kum - na |
| transformed - were | your absence - with you | our days - our nights | black - white | your - our |

## Editions

* ديوان ابن زيدون Dīwān Ibn Zaydun, ed. Karam al-Bustānī [ar] (Beirut, 1964)
* ديوان ابن زيدون ورسائله Ibn Zaydun, Dīwān wa Rasā'il, ed. 'Ali 'Abdu'l-'Azym (Cairo, 1957)

## Translations
### English

* Monroe, James T. Hispano-Arabic Poetry (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1974), pp. 178-87, (50 verses)
* NykI, A. R. Hispano-Arabic Poetry and Its Relations with the Old Provençal Troubadours (Baltimore, 1946), pp. 115-16 (50 verses)

### French

* Cour, A. Un Poete Arabe d'Andalousie, Ibn Zaydan (Constantinople, 1920), pp. 70-74, (49 verses)
# Hetherington

The surname Hetherington is of English origin, derived from a like-named place in Northumberland. This placename is derived from Old English word elements—either hēahdēor ("stag", "deer"), or hǣddre ("heather"); in addition to the elements -ing ("characterized by"), and tūn ("farmstead", "settlement"). Early occurrences of the surname in English records are: de Hetherington (in 1298), de Hetherynton (in 1316), and Etherington (in 1672). A variant form of the surname is Heatherington, and perhaps Hetherton. Forms of the surname have been recorded in Ireland since the 16th century.
Hetherington can refer to:

## People

* Alastair Hetherington (1919–1999), British journalist
* Amelia Hetherington (1862-1939), Australia Mayoress
* Sir Arthur Hetherington (1911–2002), first chairman of British Gas
* Brian Hetherington (born 1954), Australian rugby league footballer
* Chris Hetherington (born 1972), American football fullback
* Dar Heatherington (born 1963), Canadian Politician
* Sir Hector Hetherington (1888–1965), philosopher and Principal of the University of Glasgow
* Henry Hetherington (1792–1849), British Chartist
* Ian Hetherington (1952–2021), British computer specialist
* Jason Hetherington (born 1970), Australian rugby league footballer
* Jill Hetherington (born 1964), Canadiahn professional tennis player
* John Hetherington, English haberdasher
* John Hetherington, Australian Mayor of Brisbane
* Jos Hetherington (1892–1971), English footballer
* Judson Hetherington (1866–1928), physician and politician
* Kathleen Hetherington, American college administrator
* Norman Hetherington (1921–2010), Australian cartoonist and puppeteer
* Rachel Hetherington (born 1972), Australian professional golfer
* Richard Hetherington (1785–1859), British naval officer and politician
* Roger Hetherington (1908–1990), British civil engineer
* Roger Gaskell Hetherington (1876–1952), British civil engineer and civil servant
* Stephen Hetherington (born 1959), Australian philosopher
* Thomas Hetherington (1926–2007), British lawyer
* Thomas Hetherington (politician) (1815–1913), Canadian politician
* Thomas Gerard Hetherington (1886–1951), British officer who helped develop the tank
* Tim Hetherington (1970–2011), British photographer, winner of 2007 World Press Photo
* Rev William Maxwell Hetherington FRSE (1803–1865), Scottish minister and historian

## Other

* 2011 Hetherington House Occupation
* 6127 Hetherington, an asteroid
# Hope Forest shooting

The Hope Forest shooting was a familicide in Hope Forest, South Australia on 6 September 1971, in which Clifford Bartholomew shot dead his wife, their seven children, his wife's sister-in-law and her son with a .22-calibre rifle. It is the deadliest familicide in Australian history.

## Background

Hope Forest is locality 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Adelaide, settled in the 1930s, where Bartholomew, a 40 year old truck driver, lived in a seven-room rented farmhouse with his wife and seven children. Heather's sister-in-law Winnis Mary Keane and her two-year-old son Samuel were holidaying with them. Bartholomew had relationship problems with his wife, Heather, suspecting her of having an affair with another man.

## Incident

All of the victims were asleep up to the time of the shooting. Bartholomew struck his wife in the head with a mallet, then shot her in the head with his .22 calibre rifle. His other victims were shot in the head with the same rifle, some being first hit with a mallet in order to subdue them. Three of the children tried to escape, however they were both shot in the hallway. Keane fled the farmhouse but Bartholomew shot her in the back of the head before she could escape. Bartholomew was arrested at 8pm.
   ** Heather Alice Bartholomew, 40
   ** Neville Kenneth Bartholomew, 19
   ** Christine Heather Bartholomew, 17
   ** Sharon Anne Bartholomew, 15
   ** Helen Joy Bartholomew, 13
   ** Gregory Kym Bartholomew, 10
   ** Roger Clifford Bartholomew, 7
   ** Sandra June Bartholomew, 4
   ** Winnis Mary Keane, 23
   ** Daniel Brian Sean Keane, 2

## Aftermath

Bartholomew was charged for the murder of his wife and pleaded guilty to the court and was initially sentenced to death, but was later changed to a life sentence and was then released on parole after serving eight years. He changed his name to Clifford Palmer, remarried, and raised a family of seven stepchildren, who had no knowledge of his crimes. It was not until years after his death the family learned about his actions.
# Tamar Fattah Ramadhan Kuchar

Tamar Ramadhan Fattah Kuchar was the governor of Iraq's Dahuk province in Iraqi Kurdistan between 2005 and 2013. He has been actively involved in further developing Dahuk's educational and infrastructure capabilities.
# Albert MacQuarrie

Albert MacQuarrie (January 8, 1882, San Francisco – February 17, 1950, California) was an American silent film actor.
He was signed in 1912 and starred in about 70 films before his retirement.
He starred with William Garwood in films such as Lord John in New York and The Grey Sisterhood and also starred regularly with Douglas Fairbanks.
He later became a studio make-up artist, and died in Los Angeles at the age of 68.

## Filmography

* Safety First (1915)
* The Prayer of a Horse or: His Life Story Told by Himself (1915)
* Things in the Bottom Drawer (1915)
* The Whirling Disk (1915)
* At the Banquet Table (1915)
* The Smuggler's Lass (1915)
* A Harmless Flirtation (1915)
* The Ulster Lass (1915)
* A Little Brother of the Rich (1915) as Muriel's Husband
* A Pure Gold Partner (1915)
* The Frame-Up (1915) as Ned Harter
* Colorado (1915) as Mr. Staples
* Lord John in New York (1915) as Doctor Ramese
* The Grey Sisterhood (1916) as Doctor Ramese
* Three Fingered Jenny (1916) as Doctor Ramese
* The Target (1916) as James Fowler
* A Serpent in the House (1916)
* The Golden Boots (1916)
* Mutiny (1916)
* From Broadway to a Throne (1916) as Emissary
* A Man's Hardest Fight (1916)
* If My Country Should Call (1916) as Col. Belden
* Manhattan Madness (1916)
* The Chalice of Sorrow (1916) as Pietro
* The Oil Smeller (1916)
* The Better Man (1916)
* The Eagle's Wings (1916) as Keron Theris
* The Melody of Death (1917)
* John Osborne's Triumph (1917)
* Perils of the Secret Service (1917)
* The Pulse of Life (1917) as 'Dago' Joe
* Mr. Dolan of New York (1917) as Count Conrad
* The Almost Good Man (1917)
* The Flopping Uplifter (1917)
* High Speed (1917) as Count Englantine
* The Clean-Up (1917) as Ed Linder
* The Midnight Man (1917) as The 'Eel'
* A Dream of Egypt (1917)
* The Master Spy (1917)
* The Lion's Lair (1917)
* A Prince for a Day (1917)
* The High Sign (1917) as Nickelob
* The Midnight Man (1917) as The 'Eel'
* Bound in Morocco (1918)
* He Comes Up Smiling (1918) as Batchelor
* A Bum Bomb (1918)
* Under False Pretenses (1918)
* Arizona (1918) as Lt. Hatton
* The Knickerbocker Buckaroo (1919) as Manual Lopez
* The Little Diplomat (1919) as Kendall
* His Majesty, the American (1919)
* When the Clouds Roll By (1919) as Hobson
* The Moon Riders (1920) as Gant, Crooked Attorney
* The Mollycoddle (1920) as Driver of the Desert Yacht
* The Mark of Zorro (1920)
* Cheated Hearts (1921) as Hassam
* The Scrapper (1922) as Simms
* One Clear Call (1922) as Jim Holbrook
* Bulldog Courage (1922) as John Morton
* The Lavender Bath Lady (1922) as Dorgan
* The Super-Sex (1922) as Cousin Roy
* The Flaming Hour (1922) as Jones
* Crimson Gold (1923) as David Ellis
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923)
* What Three Men Wanted (1924)
* Don Q Son of Zorro (1925) as Col. Matsado
* The Gaucho (1927) as Victim of the Black Doom
* The Viking (1928) as Kark
* The Ship from Shanghai (1930) as Sailor
# Queen Live at Golders Green Hippodrome

Queen Live at Golders Green Hippodrome is a live performance of the band Queen which was recorded at the Golders Green Hippodrome in London on 13 September 1973, the first date on the Queen I Tour and broadcast on BBC Radio 1 as part of its In Concert series on 20 October 1973.
There are several bootleg soundboard recordings of this broadcast known variously as Live at Golders Green Hippodrome 1973 and Queen Will Be Crowned. Some of the songs of this broadcast have been released by the band in the virtual albums Cry Argentina and Rogues & Scandals, part of the official Top 100 Bootlegs series. Most of the concert was released as part of the 6-CD deluxe edition of Queen's compilation album, On Air.

## Tracks

* Introduction/Procession (Brian May) - 1:33
* Father to Son (May) - 5:24
* Son and Daughter (May) - 7:06
* See What a Fool I've been (May) - 4:40
* Ogre Battle (Freddie Mercury) - 4:38
* Band Introduction - 0:36
* Liar (Mercury) - 7:19
* Jailhouse Rock/Shake, Rattle and Roll/Stupid Cupid/Be-Bop-A-Lula/Jailhouse Rock (Reprise) (Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller, Howard Greenfield, Neil Sedaka, Gene Vincent, Donald Graves, Jesse Stone) - 3:47
* Big Spender/Bama Lama Bama Loo (Cy Coleman, Dorothy Fields, Richard Penniman) - 3:16

## Trivia

* During the band introduction John Deacon is referred to as Deacon John, same as on the Queen album sleeve
* This is the earliest known soundboard recording of Queen
# Ashok Parthasarathi

Ashok Parthasarathi (1940–2019) was an Indian physicist and electronics engineer who served as a Science and Technology Advisor to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. He played a crucial role in India's science and technology policies and helped the country become self-reliant in the field.
He was the son of the diplomat Gopalaswami Parthasarathy, and the grandson of the civil servant and statesman N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar.

## Life and career

Parthasarathi did research in radio astronomy at the University of Cambridge, UK with Martin Ryle. He subsequently taught physics at the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani. Afterwards, he studied science policy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.
From 1967 to 1970, Parthasarathi served as Special Assistant to Vikram Sarabhai, the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. From 1970 to 1976, and again from 1980 to 1984, he was Special Assistant for Science and Technology to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. He worked closely with Indira Gandhi's Principal Secretary P. N. Haksar to create the foundation for modern Indian science and technology. He held important positions in the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, the Department of Electronics, and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Parthasarathi helped establish public sector enterprises in the 1970s that would manufacture critical products such as microchips and optic fibres, at a time when India could not afford to import latest technologies.
He also was involved in defence matters, such as being consulted by the government during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War, and playing a key role in the 1974 nuclear test in Pokhran.
Following his retirement from the government in 2000, he wrote extensively on science policy; he also served as a professor at the Centre for Studies in Science Policy, Jawaharlal Nehru University from 2000 to 2005, upon invitation.

## Death

A. Parthasarathi died after a period of illness at his residence in New Delhi on August 12, 2019, and was survived by his wife Vibha Parthasarathi, and sons Vibodh and Unmesh.

## Books

* Parthasarathi, Ashok (2007). Technology at the Core: Science & Technology with Indira Gandhi. Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., licensees of Pearson Education in South Asia. ISBN 9788131701706.
# John S. and Elizabeth Beem Holmes Barn

The John S. and Elizabeth Beem Holmes Barn is a historic building located on a farm southwest of St. Charles, Iowa, United States. The Holmes' settled in Madison County in 1854 from Indiana. Their initial 40-acre (16 ha) farm eventually expanded to a 350 acres (140 ha). John Holmes farmed, raised livestock, and held several local offices in the community. This building is a fine example of a vernacular limestone farm building. The 1½-story structure is composed of large blocks of locally quarried finished cut stone. It is equivalent in height to a three-story building. There was an attempt some time ago to stucco the structure in order to preserve the stone, however, a storm a few hours after it was applied washed most of it off. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.