OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Introduction to Elementary Particles (book)

Introduction to Elementary Particles, by David Griffiths, is an introductory textbook that describes an accessible "coherent and unified theoretical structure" of particle physics, appropriate for advanced undergraduate physics students. It was originally published in 1987, and the second revised and enlarged edition was published 2008.

## Content (2nd edition)

Table of contents
* History and Overview
** Chapter 1: Historical Introduction to the Elementary Particles
** Chapter 2: Elementary Particle Dynamics
** Chapter 3: Relative Kinematics
** Chapter 4: Symmetries
** Chapter 5: Bound States
* Quantitative Formulation of Particle Dynamics
** Chapter 6: The Feynman Calculus
** Chapter 7: Quantum Electrodynamics
** Chapter 8: Electrodynamics of Quarks and Hadrons
** Chapter 9: Quantum Chromodynamics
** Chapter 10: Weak Interactions
** Chapter 11: Gauge Theories
* Appendices
** Appendix A: The Dirac Delta Function
** Appendix B: Decay Rates and Cross Sections
** Appendix C: Pauli and Dirac Matrices
** Appendix D: Feynman Rules
New content in the second addition includes "neutrino oscillations and prospects for physics beyond the Standard Model".

## Reception

The first edition, reviewed by Gerald Intermann, earned praise for its "good use of examples as a means of discussing in detail useful problem-solving techniques that other texts leave for the student to discover."
Acknowledging it as a "a well-established textbook", an IAEA review said the second edition "...strikes a balance between quantitative rigor and intuitive understanding, using a lively, informal style... The first chapter provides a detailed historical introduction to the subject, while subsequent chapters offer a quantitative presentation of the Standard Model. A simplified introduction to the Feynman rules, based on a 'toy' model, helps readers learn the calculational techniques without the complications of spin. It is followed by accessible treatments of quantum electrodynamics, the strong and weak interactions, and gauge theories."
The Times Higher Education review said, "The first edition of this textbook was notable for providing a clear and logical overview of particle physics that was at the right level for advanced undergraduates... The contents of this revised edition are largely similar to those contained in the first edition and changes reflect the development of the subject in the intervening 20 years. As a result, some discussions have now been tightened or removed, and chapters describing neutrino oscillations and contemporary theoretical developments have been added." The review concluded, "Reading any section will always yield insights, and you can't go wrong with Griffiths as a guide. Who is it for? Advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, lecturers and anyone in the field of experimental particle physics."

## Publication history

* Griffiths, David J (1987). Introduction to Elementary Particles. United States: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-60386-4.
* Griffiths, David J. (2004). Introduction to Elementary Particles (2nd ed.). Federal Republic of Germany: WILEY-VCH. ISBN 978-0-471-60386-3.
# Judge Willis Russell House

The Judge Willis Russell House (also known as the Verona House) is a U.S. historic building in Brooksville, Florida. It is located at 201 South Main Street. On January 27, 1999, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
# Vostok 2014

Vostok 2014 (Russian: Восток 2014, lit. 'East 2014') was a large-scale Russian military exercise held in September 19-25, 2014 in Eastern Military District involving the ranges of Sakhalin,Kamchatka, Chukotka, and southern Primorsky Krai. The exercise involved over 100,000 personnel, 1,500 tanks, 120 aircraft, 5,000 pieces of other military hardware. and 70 ships, at 20 ground, sea and air ranges.
# Abu Sayeed (politician)

Abu Sayeed is a politician from Pabna district of Bangladesh, an organizer of the War of Liberation, and a former minister of state for information who was a member of parliament for the then Pabna 8 and Pabna-1 constituencies.

## Career

Sayeed was a member of the then Pakistan National Assembly in 1970. He was part of the 34-member committee formed in 1972 to formulate the draft Constitution of Bangladesh. He was designated as the governor of Pabna district by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in 1975. He has been known for his criticism of the military government.
Sayeed was the state minister of information of Bangladesh from 6 June 1996 until 15 July 2001.
In 2013, Sayeed was conferred a PhD degree by Rajshahi University for his thesis titled "Independence of Bangladesh: Diplomatic War".
In January 2014, Sayeed lost as an independent candidate to Shamsul Haque Tuku in the general election from the Pabna-1 constituency.
In November 2018, Sayeed left the Awami League and joined Gano Forum to contest the upcoming election from Pabna-1 as a candidate of the Jatiya Oikya Front.
# Spokane University

Spokane University was a four-year liberal arts college that operated from 1913 to 1933. It was founded in 1912 by Mr. B. E. Utz and Mr. W. D. Willoughby as Spokane Bible College. Mr. Utz worked at Eugene Bible University in Eugene, Oregon from 1909 to 1911 before moving back to Spokane. Spokane University was created to train ministers for the Christian Churches in Washington State. Because of financial difficulties during the Great Depression, in 1934 it merged with Eugene Bible College to become Northwest Christian College in Eugene, Oregon, now known as Bushnell University.
During its existence, Spokane University conferred degrees on 112 men and 100 women. Forty-six of the men were ordained. It was organized as three colleges: Bible, Liberal Arts, and Fine Arts.
Spokane University's sports teams were known as the Crusaders. The school's colors were purple and white. The school was a member of the Columbia Valley Conference.
The facilities were sold to Spokane Junior College which moved into the city of Spokane from its original location in the Spokane Valley to the former site of Spokane College on Spokane's South Hill. The former site of the university, twenty-three acres at Ninth and Herald Streets, was the home of University High School from 1963 to 2002. The former site of Spokane University is now owned and occupied by Valley Christian School, as University High School has moved to a new location on 32nd Avenue.

## Presidents

* B. E. Utz, 1912–1914
* Isaac N. McCash, 1914–1916
* Andrew M. Meldrum, 1916–1922
* Chester V. Dunn, 1922–1924
* Roy K. Roadruck, 1924–1932
* A. G. Sater, 1932–1933

## Notable alumni

* Clyfford Still, class of 1933, American painter, one of the leading figures in abstract expressionism
* Don Magnuson, attended 1926 to 1928, five-term Representative in the United States congressional delegations from Washington
* George B. Thomas, professor of mathematics at MIT and author of a classic calculus textbook
# Judith River Ranger Station

The Judith River Ranger Station is a site on the National Register of Historic Places located along the Middle Fork of the Judith River, southwest of Utica in Lewis and Clark National Forest. It was added to the Register on April 10, 1992. The location is now used as a campground and the station can be rented as a cabin.
# Bemidji Woolen Mills

Bemidji Woolen Mills is a retail store and clothing manufacturer in Bemidji, Minnesota. The company sells clothing and other items geared toward the outdoor living in the north. In addition to their own products, they carry hundreds of items from more than 35 other manufacturers.
The Bemidji Woolen Mills store is located in downtown Bemidji, Minnesota and the manufacturing plant, also in Bemidji, at an industrial park south of town. The company gained some notoriety as the supplier of 2012 Republican primary candidate Rick Santorum's sweater vests.

## History

First generation American father and son, Ira P. Batchelder and Ira H. Batchelder, set out to produce the outdoor woolen apparel for the logging industry and created Bemidji Woolen Mills in 1920. The original target area was northern Minnesota and Wisconsin.

## Today

After over 100 years in business, Bemidji Woolen Mills continues to manufacture woolen apparel for the outdoor industry. In addition to the large store in downtown Bemidji, their large sewing and manufacturing facility is also located in Bemidji, south of town in the industrial park.
# The Story (Conan Gray song)

"The Story" is a song by American singer-songwriter Conan Gray. It was released on January 10, 2020 by Republic Records as the fourth single from his debut studio album Kid Krow. The song was written by Conan Gray and produced by Dan Nigro.
The song appears in the 2023 Korean LGBTQIA+ Drama The Eighth Sense written and directed by Werner du Plessis and Inu Baek.

## Background and release

Gray opens up about his difficult childhood in third person perspective. He has told an audience, "It's one of the ones that means more to me ..., I like to tell stories, and this song is kind of a story about my life when it was before all of [my fame]." The song is based upon "all the unfair things that he's seen in this world, from the effects of bullying and self-hatred to a fear of being your 100 percent authentic self." Gray also references a number of experiences that he and his friends had as a child, including "a boy and a girl" who are now "gone, headstones on a lawn," as well as "a boy and a boy" who were "best friends with each other, but always wished they were more".
On The Zach Sang Show, Gray said, "I think when you're kid, every single thing that happens to you, feels like the end of the world. When you're six years old and you grow up in an abusive household, you can't really imagine not being six years old. You can think like 'Oh, maybe one day,' but its hard to tell. So I wanted to tell, no matter what age you are, no matter what you're going through, ... even if you feels like its really the end of your road, I promise its not."
Conan released "The Story" alongside the announcement of the album's title, tracklist and cover art on January 10, 2020.

## Critical reception

Mike Wass from Idolator described "The Story" as a "stripped-back anthem about the state of the world, and the way it could be with a little more love and acceptance." Maxamillian Polo of Ones to Watch wrote, "Shifting between first and third person, 'The Story' unfolds like a somber jaunt. Weaving together intimate stories that belong to both Gray and his friends, the narrative begins to coalesce, weaving together a story of how our seemingly personal experiences live on in those we hold closest."

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "The Story" was first released on YouTube on January 16, 2020. The video was directed by BRUME. In the video, Gray wanders along deserted outdoor landscapes before jumping on the back of a pickup truck. Jordan Tilchen from MTV wrote, "he seems despondent and like he's lost hope as he roams lonely dirt roads, he knows that it's 'not the end of the story.'"

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 43 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 34 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil) | Gold | 20,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United States | January 10, 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Republic Records |
# Julia Morgan Hall

Julia Morgan Hall (formerly Girton Hall) is a historic building in the University of California Botanical Garden in Berkeley, California. Built in 1911, the building was designed by prominent California architect Julia Morgan and originally located on the central campus of the University of California, Berkeley, near the present location of the Haas School of Business. It served as a gathering place for Berkeley's female students, who wanted a female counterpart to Senior Hall, the senior men's meeting hall.

## History

Berkeley's female students began planning the hall in 1909 and raised money for the building between 1909 and 1911. The building was first called Girton Hall during this period; the name came from Girton College at the University of Cambridge, which was the first women's residential college in England. When the building opened in 1911, its name changed to Senior Women's Hall. The hall gave women's groups at Berkeley a place to meet and represented a significant step toward gender equality at the university.
In 1940, the building was moved 160 feet west to make room for a street extension. In 1969, it became a campus child care center, and its name was changed back to Girton Hall to acknowledge its history, even though the name had never been applied to the building after its construction. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
In 2014, to make way for an expansion of the Haas School of Business, the child care center moved to another location near the university campus, and Girton Hall was cut into four pieces, moved to the UC Botanical Garden, and reassembled. The name of the building was changed to Julia Morgan Hall, and it re-opened to the public in 2015.

## Gallery

* Current location at UC Botanical Garden
* Previous location near Haas School of Business
# Vyacheslav Khamulkin

Vyacheslav Khamulkin (born 1 February 1972) is a Belarusian diver. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# C1760

C1760 is an American-based art consultancy firm with focus on private sales for modern and contemporary masterworks, curatorial projects, and art management services. C1760 specializes in developing art collections across periods from primary and secondary markets. C1760 is known for its expertise in creating customized art projects and organizing satellite exhibitions worldwide. It has headquarters in New York and London.

## History

C1760 was founded in 2022 by Victoria Golembiovskaya in order to establish an art agency beyond the classic gallery model. It has headquarters in New York and London. C1760 specializes in acquiring and developing art collections from primary and secondary markets interweaving different art historical periods. The C1760 team is composed of art professionals with expertise in private sales, advisory services, art management, and multi-disciplinary programming. They have recently organized several notable exhibitions, including "Alviani x Ancient," which showcased the works of kinetic artist Getulio Alviani alongside ancient objects, exploring themes of light, space, and form. Another exhibition, "Humble Works" featured artists Marina Abramović, Nico Vascellari, and Fyodor Pavlov-Andreevich in dialogue with masterworks from different eras. Additionally, the exhibition "Femme F(r)iction" celebrated the contributions of over 50 female artists and designers throughout history, offering a comprehensive exploration of their talents and perspectives in arts featuring pioneers such as Leonora Carrington, Tamara de Lempicka, or Louise Nevelson.

## Exhibitions

* 2010 "House of the Nobleman". Boswall House, London
* 2011 "The Return". Boswall House, London
* 2012 "New Re:Visions". Neo Bankside, London
* 2013 "Light Fantastic". Hay Hill, London
* 2015 "Delirious Picasso". Academy Mansion, New York
* 2016 "In Residence at the Park Crescent". Park Crescent, London
* 2020 "Dreamsongs: from Medicine to Demons to Artificial Intelligence". Colnaghi, London
* 2021 "Christo: Early Works". Frieze Masters, London
* 2021 "Humble Works". C1760, London
* 2022 "Alviani x Ancient". C1760 Townhouse, New York
* 2022 "Influences of Time". C1760 Townhouse, New York
* 2023 "Femme F(r)iction". Academy Mansion, New York
# Mamadou Diallo (athlete)

Mamadou Diallo (born November 16, 1954) is a retired triple jumper from Senegal. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, finishing in 12th place in the final rankings with a jump of 15.99 meters.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Senegal ||||||
| 1982 | African Championships | Cairo, Egypt | 1st | Triple jump | 16.23 m |
| 1984 | African Championships | Rabat, Morocco | 3rd | Triple jump | 16.68 m |
| 1984 | Olympic Games | Los Angeles, United States | 12th | Triple jump | 15.99 m |
# Clube Esportivo Nova Esperança

Clube Esportivo Nova Esperança, or CENE as they are usually called, were a Brazilian football team.

## History

CENE were founded on 13 December 1999 in Jardim by a group of farm employees with the help of other farm employees and local businessmen.
The team was initially an amateur team, but the good performance of the squad brought investment. On December 13, 1999, the club became a professional team.
They adopted the name Clube Esportivo Nova Esperança and got transferred to Campo Grande in Mato Grosso do Sul.
Ever since their last title win, however, the club suffered from an internal crisis which hampered their performance and resulted in relegation from the league.
Despite requesting for a license in 2016, the club eventually ceased to operate in 2018, without playing any games in between.

## Home ground

CENE's home stadium was the Arena da Paz, also known as Olho do Furação, with a maximum capacity of 1,500 people.

## Ownership

The team was owned by Rev. Moon's Unification Church, as were Atlético Sorocaba.

## Honours

* Campeonato Sul-Matogrossense
** Winners (6): 2002, 2004, 2005, 2011, 2013, 2014
** Runners-up (2): 2003, 2007
* Copa MS
** Winners (1): 2010
# Ylva Nowén

Ylva Hjördis Sofia Nowén (born 5 January 1970) is a Swedish former alpine skier who was the slalom World Cup champion in the 1997-98 season.
She competed in the 1992, 1994, 1998 and 2002 Winter Olympics.

## World Cup competition victories

| Date | Location | Race type |
| 20 December 1997 | Val d'Isère, France | Slalom |
| 27 December 1997 | Lienz, Austria | Slalom |
| 28 December 1997 | Lienz, Austria | Slalom |
| 5 January 1998 | Bormio, Italy | Slalom |

## Olympic results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant  slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 1992 | 22 | 21 | DNF | — | — | — |
| 1994 | 26 | — | DNF | — | — | — |
| 1998 | 28 | 12 | DNF | — | — | — |
| 2002 | 32 | 4 | 7 | — | — | — |
# Rõivas

Rõivas is an Estonian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Luisa Rõivas (born 1987), Estonian singer and politician
* Taavi Rõivas (born 1979), Estonian politician
# Dobroslav

Dobroslav (Cyrillic script: Доброслав) is a Slavic masculine given name which contains two elements: "dobro" - good, goodness and "sława/slava" - glory, fame. The Polish spelling is Dobrosław. Variants include Serbian Dobrosav. The feminine forms are Dobroslava, Dobroslavka, Dobrosława. The name may refer to:
* Stefan Vojislav (fl. 1018 - d. 1043), anachronistically called Dobroslav, Prince of the Serbs
* Dobroslav II, ruler of Duklja 1101–1102
* Dobroslav III, ruler of Duklja in 1102
* Dobroslav Chrobák, Slovak writer
* Dobroslav Jevđević, Bosnian Serb politician and Chetnik commander
* Dobrosav Krstić, retired Serbian footballer of the 1950s and 1960s who was very successful with FC Sochaux-Montbéliard in French Division 1
* Dobroslav Paraga (9 December 1960), Croatian right-wing politician
* Dobroslav Trnka (1963-2023), Slovak lawyer
* Dobrosław Kot, Polish fantasy writer, philosopher, and historian of Polish music folklore
* Jonatán Dobroslav Čipka, Slovak priest, poet and author
* Alexey Dobrovolsky, (also known as Dobroslav; 1938-2013) - Soviet dissident, neo-Nazi, and one of the founders of Russian neo-paganism
# EM Solutions

27°31′44″S 153°0′14″E﻿ / ﻿27.52889°S 153.00389°E﻿ / -27.52889; 153.00389
EM Solutions Pty Ltd is a satellite communications component company based in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Founded in 1998, it is involved in the research, design, and production of differentiated microwave and radiofrequency products and systems for satellite and broadband communications.
The firm provides components for both commercial and military customers with its subsidiary, EMClarity, specialising in the broadcast industry. It has partnered with the Defence Science and Technology Group (DSTO), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the University of Queensland.

## History

EM Solutions emerged as a successor to the founders' original company, Mitec Limited, in 1998. Founded in 1984 through the commercialization of the University of Queensland’s Microwave Technology Development Centre, Mitec produced communications products still in use today at companies including Optus and Telstra.
After Mitec's acquisition by Codan Pty Ltd for $30 million in 1998, EM Solutions was founded by Peter Bradley and Dr John Ness. It was acquired by the Australian company Electro Optic Systems (EOS) in October 2019.
In January 2025, it was announced that Cohort had completed its purchase of the company.

## Products

EM Solutions initially began developing solid-state power amplifiers, filters, and oscillators, before producing high-speed receivers and transmitters for radios. In 2008, EM Solutions launched its initial foray into SATCOM On-The-Move (SOTM) terminals after being granted sponsorship from the Australian Defence Force to develop a land-mobile Ka-band terminal.
In 2016, subsidiary EMClarity produced the world’s lowest latency 5 Gbit/s, E-band (70 to 80Ghz) microwave radio, the E10G. Now used to connect servers from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) to those of Nasdaq Stock Market, this product was created in response to industry requests for lower latency communications networks to equal the speed of computer processing platforms utilized to facilitate financial trades.
EM Solutions was commissioned by a United States government agency to supply E-band radios for ship-to-shore communication. Employing the steerable gimbal systems used in the company’s SATCOM On-The-Move terminals, the radios achieve the longest range and highest data rate of any commercial wireless system at 10 Gbit/s and 20 km, respectively.
In 2015, EM Solutions partnered with leading satellite telecommunications company, Inmarsat, to produce the first dual X- and Ka-bands terminal with universal (land or sea) capability. These terminals have been installed in the Australian Border Force's and the Royal Australian Navy’s Cape Class patrol boats, providing broadband access to crews of these vessels for the first time.
# Touch & Go (2002 film)

Touch & Go is a Canadian comedy film, directed by Scott Simpson and released in 2002. The film stars Jeff Douglas as Darcy, a young man in his early 20s working as a tour guide in Halifax, whose ambivalent attitude toward becoming an adult is challenged when his friends Lynn (Patricia Zentilli) and Peter (Stephen Sharkey) announce plans to move away for Lynn's career.
The cast also includes Elliot Page in a small role as a skateboarder, as well as Cassie MacDonald, Glen Michael Grant, Karen Beverly, Kevin Curran, Joseph Rutten, Gordon Gammie, Andy Smith, Krista MacDonald, Anaïs Guimond, Mark Owen, Linda Busby and Robert D. Morais in supporting roles.
Shot in Halifax in 2001, the film premiered at the 2002 Atlantic International Film Festival.

## Reception

The film was reviewed by Variety who said it had "a light helming touch, a breakout lead performance … neatly shot with a quirky, original style."
After many years of being difficult to locate, the film was screened at the inaugural edition of the Nova Scotia Retro Film Festo in January 2025.
# Dough Zone

Dough Zone is an American chain of Chinese restaurants.

## History

Jason and Nancy Zhai opened the original restaurant in Bellevue, Washington, in 2014. There were seven restaurants in Washington and two locations in California, as of November 2021.
The business expanded into Portland, Oregon, in April 2022, followed by Beaverton in 2023. There are multiple locations in Seattle.

## Reception

Dough Zone was included in The Infatuation's 2025 list of the 25 best restaurants in Seattle's Chinatown–International District.