# 2025 Mexican judicial elections

The 2025 Mexican judicial elections will be held on 1 June 2025, during which voters will elect nine Supreme Court justices, two magistrates of the Superior Chamber of the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary, 15 magistrates of the Regional Chambers of the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary, five members of the Judicial Disciplinary Tribunal, 464 circuit court magistrates, and 386 district court judges. It will be the first judicial election in Mexican history.

## Background
### Judicial reform

Following the 2024 Mexican general election, the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition secured a supermajority in the Chamber of Deputies and came three seats short in the Senate. The alliance, along with its presidential candidate Claudia Sheinbaum, campaigned on enacting a package of constitutional reforms known as "Plan C". One of its key proposals was the popular election of the federal judiciary, which outgoing president Andrés Manuel López Obrador claimed would eliminate corruption.
On 1 September 2024, the bill was introduced in the LXVI Legislature of the Mexican Congress, triggering nationwide protests and strikes over concerns that it would undermine judicial independence. Despite opposition, it passed the Senate on 11 September and was promulgated by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador on 15 September.
The reform replaced the country's appointment-based system for selecting judges with one where judges, pre-selected by Congress, are elected by popular vote, with each judge serving a renewable nine-year term. It reduced the number of Supreme Court justices from 11 to 9 and limited their terms to 12 years. It also replaced the Federal Judiciary Council with the Judicial Disciplinary Tribunal. A subsequent law set the election date for 1 June 2025.

## Electoral system

The National Electoral Institute (INE) oversees federal elections in Mexico. Its responsibilities include organizing election day logistics, producing and distributing electoral materials, counting votes, and certifying the election results.
Voters must present their voter ID at polling stations to cast their ballots.

### Judicial election

All judicial positions are elected by plurality voting. Members of the Supreme Court are elected for a single twelve-year term, members of the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary for single six-year terms, and members of the Judicial Disciplinary Tribunal for single six-year terms. Circuit court magistrates and district court judges are elected for nine-year terms, with the possibility of a single consecutive reelection.
Article 96 of the Constitution mandates that each branch of government establish an evaluation committee composed of five jurists. These committees are responsible for assessing and filtering prospective candidates, who may choose the branch they wish to register under. Each committee is tasked with selecting a third of the candidates for each position up for election. Candidates must be submitted to the National Electoral Institute (INE) by 12 February.

## Candidate selection
### Selection of judicial offices

On 12 October 2024, the Senate conducted a lottery to determine the offices up for election. The draw resulted in 464 circuit court magistrates and 386 district court judges holding odd-numbered positions being selected for the election. The remaining offices will be elected in 2027.

### Evaluation committees

On 31 October 2024, each branch of government revealed the jurists selected to form their respective evaluation committees. The executive branch received 18,447 applications, the legislative branch received 11,904, and the judicial branch received 3,805. After assessing each applicant's suitability, the executive branch shortlisted 11,015 candidates, the legislative branch 7,060, and the judicial branch 1,046.
On 7 January 2025, the evaluation committee of the judicial branch suspended activities after a judge granted a constitutional relief injunction (amparo) ordering the halt of any implementation of the judicial reform. On 22 January, the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary (TEPJF) ruled that amparos could not be applied to electoral processes and ordered the committee to resume its work. The committee refused to comply, which prompted the TEPJF to direct the Senate's Board to select the judicial branch's candidates via sortition. On 28 January, all members of the judicial branch's committee resigned.

#### Executive branch

* Arturo Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea
* Mary Cruz Cortés Ornelas
* Javier Quijano Baz
* Vanessa Romero Rocha
* Isabel Inés Romero Cruz

#### Legislative branch

* Maday Merino Damián
* Maribel Concepción Méndez De Lara
* Ana Patricia Briseño Torres
* Andrés Norberto García Repper Favila
* María Gabriela Sánchez García

#### Judicial branch

* Mónica González Contró
* Emma Meza Fonseca
* Emilia Molina de la Fuente
* Wilfrido Castañón León
* Luis Enrique Perea Trejo