# 2016 Nuclear Security Summit

The 2016 Nuclear Security Summit was a summit held in Washington, D.C., United States on March 31 and April 1, 2016. It was the fourth edition of the conference, succeeding the 2014 Nuclear Security Summit.

## Background

The 2016 Nuclear Security Summit was held at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C., in the United States of America.

## Participants

Notably absent from the summit were leaders or representatives of Russia, North Korea, Iran and Belarus. However, a significant contingent of Asian leaders especially from South Asia such as India and Singapore attending the summit was a probable sign of continental concern over terrorist threats alongside vulnerable nuclear facilities.
| Country/Organization | Representative(s) |
| Algeria | Abdelmalek Sellal (Prime Minister) |
| Argentina | Mauricio Macri (President) |
| Armenia | Serzh Sargsyan (President) |
| Australia | Julie Bishop (Minister for Foreign Affairs) |
| Azerbaijan | Ilham Aliyev (President) |
| Belgium | Jan Jambon (Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior) |
| Brazil | Mauro Vieira (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) |
| Canada | Justin Trudeau (Prime Minister) |
| Chile | Michelle Bachelet (President) |
| China | Xi Jinping (President) |
| Czech Republic | Bohuslav Sobotka (Prime Minister) |
| Denmark | Lars Løkke Rasmussen (Prime Minister) |
| Egypt | Sameh Shoukry (Minister of Foreign Affairs) |
| European Union | Donald Tusk (President) |
| European Union | Federica Mogherini (High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy) |
| Finland | Sauli Niinistö (President) |
| France | François Hollande (President) |
| Gabon | Ali Bongo Ondimba (President) |
| Georgia | Giorgi Margvelashvili (President) |
| Germany | Ursula von der Leyen (Minister of Defence) |
| Hungary | Viktor Orbán (Prime Minister) |
| India | Narendra Modi (Prime Minister) |
| Indonesia | Jusuf Kalla (Vice President) |
| International Atomic Energy Agency (observer) | Yukiya Amano (Director General) |
| Interpol (observer) | Jürgen Stock (Secretary General) |
| Israel | Yuval Steinitz (Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources) |
| Italy | Matteo Renzi (Prime Minister) |
| Japan | Shinzō Abe (Prime Minister) |
| Jordan | Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein (King) |
| Kazakhstan | Nursultan Nazarbayev (President) |
| Lithuania | Dalia Grybauskaitė (President) |
| Malaysia | Ahmad Hamidi Zahid (Deputy Prime Minister) |
| Mexico | Enrique Peña Nieto (President) |
| Morocco | Moulay Rachid (Prince) |
| Netherlands | Mark Rutte (Prime Minister) |
| New Zealand | John Key (Prime Minister) |
| Nigeria | Muhammadu Buhari (President) |
| Norway | Erna Solberg (Prime Minister) |
| Pakistan | Tariq Fatemi (Assistant to Prime Minister of Pakistan) |
| Philippines | Mario Montejo (Secretary of Science and Technology) |
| Poland | Andrzej Duda (President) |
| Romania | Klaus Iohannis (President) |
| Saudi Arabia | Hashim A. Yamani (President of King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy) |
| Singapore | Lee Hsien Loong (Prime Minister) |
| South Africa | Maite Nkoana-Mashabane (Minister of International Relations and Cooperation) |
| South Korea | Park Geun-hye (President) |
| Spain | José Manuel García-Margallo (Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation) |
| Sweden | Margot Wallström (Minister of Foreign Affairs) |
| Switzerland | Johann Schneider-Ammann (President) |
| Thailand | Prayut Chan-o-cha (Prime Minister) |
| Turkey | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (President) |
| Ukraine | Petro Poroshenko (President) |
| United Arab Emirates | Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (Minister of Foreign Affairs) |
| United Kingdom | David Cameron (Prime Minister) |
| United Nations (observer) | Ban Ki-moon (Secretary-General) |
| United States (host) | Barack Obama (President) |
| Vietnam | Pham Binh Minh (Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs) |

## Announcements

Various countries, including Kazakhstan and Poland, undertook to reduce their highly enriched uranium stockpiles. Japan agreed to ship additional separated plutonium to the U.S. Canada pledged $42 million to bolster nuclear security. The U.S. disclosed its own inventory of highly enriched uranium has dropped from 741 metric tons in the 1990s to 586 metric tons as of 2013. A strengthened nuclear security agreement, which had languished since 2005, was finally approved, extending safeguards for nuclear materials and requiring criminal penalties for nuclear smuggling. According to the U.S., since the last summit in 2014, ten nations have removed or disposed of about 450 kilograms of highly enriched uranium; Argentina, Switzerland and Uzbekistan are now free of highly enriched uranium, as is all of Latin America and the Caribbean.
The summit participants stated that the 2016 summit would be "the last of this kind".
Three months after the meeting, NPCIL and Westinghouse agreed to conclude contractual arrangements for 6 reactors by June 2017.