OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thames Water Authority

The Thames Water Authority was a UK regional water authority created by the Water Act 1973 to consolidate water management in the river Thames catchment area. It was dissolved in 1989 due to the privatisation of the water industry.

## Predecessors

The bodies subsumed by the Thames Water Authority included the Metropolitan Water Board, the Thames Conservancy, the Lee Conservancy Catchment Board and parts of the Essex and Kent River authorities. It also took over water and sewage responsibility from the following water suppliers in the Thames catchment:
* Colne Valley Water Company
* Cotswold Water Board
* Croydon Corporation
* East Surrey Water Company
* Epsom and Ewell Corporation
* Lee Valley Water Company
* Mid Southern Water Company
* Middle Thames Water Board
* Oxfordshire and District Water Board
* Rickmansworth and Uxbridge Valley Water Company
* South West Suburban Water Company
* Sutton District Water Company
* Swindon Corporation
* Thames Valley Water Board
* Watford Corporation
* West Surrey Water Board
* Woking and District Water Company

## Dissolution

In 1989 the Thames Water Authority was partly privatised, under the provisions of the Water Act 1989 with the water and sewage responsibilities transferring to the newly established publicly quoted company of Thames Water, and the regulatory, land drainage and navigation responsibilities transferring to the newly created National Rivers Authority which later became the Environment Agency.
# June 2019 Syria bombings

vteSyrian civil war :
Timeline
Background and causes
Casualties
Cities
map
Terrorism
Massacres :
On 2 June 2019 three IED (two of which were car bombs) were detonated by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in northern Syria - one in Azaz and two in Raqqa. Over 30 people were killed, including civilians and dozens of others were wounded. Among the dead were five children.
# Shigechiyo Izumi

Shigechiyo Izumi (泉 重千代, Izumi Shigechiyo, ? – 21 February 1986) was a Japanese man who was titled the oldest living person after the death of Niwa Kawamoto on 16 November 1976, also from Japan. Izumi's claimed birth date of 29 June 1865 was accepted by Guinness World Records, which recognized him as the oldest verified man ever, but this was eventually withdrawn in 2010; in the 2012 edition of the Guinness World Records book, Christian Mortensen was named the "oldest verified man ever" and Izumi was not mentioned.

## Biography

Guinness World Records found a document attesting that he was 24 years old in 1889 when he was exempted from military service to deal with sugar cane fields.
Izumi drank brown sugar shōchū (a Japanese alcoholic beverage often distilled from barley or rice), and took up smoking at age 70. Izumi's personal physician strongly advised him against drinking shōchū as his kidneys were not strong enough to process shōchū in his advanced age, but Izumi went on to say: "Without shōchū there would be no pleasure in life. I would rather die than give up drinking." He retired from sugar cane farming in 1970.

## Death and uncertainty over age

After a brief hospitalization, Izumi died of pneumonia at 21:15 JST on 21 February 1986. At the time, he was considered the only person ever verified to have reached the age of 120, although subsequent research has cast doubt on his actual age. In April 1987, 14 months after Izumi's death, the Department of Epidemiology at the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology reported that research into Izumi's family registration records indicated he might have been 105 when he died. The 2011 Guinness World Records book states that the birth certificate submitted as evidence might have actually belonged to a deceased brother, and the family may have re-used "Shigechiyo" as a necronym.
With the closing of the Guinness World Record Museum in Niagara Falls, Ontario, in September 2020, the display and fibreglass statue of Izumi was sold for $850 on February 12th 2021 and now resides in a private collection in Canada.
The oldest undisputed case of male longevity is Jiroemon Kimura, also from Japan, who died at age 116 years and 54 days. Jeanne Calment holds the record for verified female longevity and longevity as a whole at 122 years and 164 days.
# Parłowice

Parłowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bojanowo, within Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Nicole Herschmann

Nicole Herschmann (born 27 October 1975 in Rudolstadt, East Germany) is a German former triple jumper and bobsledder. Competing in two Winter Olympics, she won a bronze medal in the two-woman event at Salt Lake City in 2002.
Herschmann also won a bronze in the two-woman event at the 2008 FIBT World Championships in Altenberg, Germany.
# Leroy Loemker

Leroy E. Loemker (December 28, 1900 – November 28, 1985) was an American philosopher and historian of philosophy, best known for his scholarship on the works of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Over the course of his career, Loemker made significant contributions to the study of early modern philosophy and the intellectual history of the seventeenth century.

## Biography

Leroy Earl Loemker was born December 28, 1900, in Platteville, Wisconsin, the son of German immigrant parents. Loemker graduated from the University of Dubuque in 1921 and Boston University in 1927. He served as a professor of philosophy at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was instrumental in developing the institution’s philosophy program.

## Scholarship on Leibniz

Loemker’s enduring legacy lies in his comprehensive work on Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. He produced one of the most influential modern English-language translations and compilations of Leibniz’s writings:
   G. W. Leibniz: Philosophical Papers and Letters (first edition 1956; revised 1969 and later)
   This collection brought together a wide selection of Leibniz’s correspondence and philosophical texts, accompanied by Loemker’s commentaries and contextual notes. Its clarity and breadth have made it a standard reference in Anglophone Leibniz scholarship.
In addition to translating and editing primary sources, Loemker also wrote extensively on the historical and intellectual contexts shaping Leibniz’s thought. His work often placed Leibniz in dialogue with developments in science, religion, and political theory in the seventeenth century.

## Major works

* Struggle for Synthesis: The Seventeenth-Century Background of Leibniz’s Synthesis of Science, Religion, and State (Harvard University Press, 1972) – In this monograph, Loemker explores the diverse intellectual currents—ranging from Reformation theology to the rise of modern science—that influenced Leibniz’s attempts at systematic synthesis.
* G. W. Leibniz: Philosophical Papers and Letters (Editor and Translator) – A critical, annotated anthology of Leibniz’s writings, widely regarded as foundational for English-speaking students and scholars of early modern philosophy.
# Hans Boelsen

Hans Boelsen (6 March 1894 – 24 October 1960) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. During his time in command of the 114th Jäger Division, the unit was complicit in two massacres in Italy, in the towns of Filetto di Camarda and Gubbio. Boelsen was never prosecuted for these crimes.

## Awards and decorations

* German Cross in Gold on 17 November 1941 as Oberstleutnant in Kradschützen-Bataillon 160 (motorized)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 17 September 1943 as Oberst and commander of Panzergrenadier-Regiment 111
# Sir Speedy

Sir Speedy is a printing and marketing services company headquartered in Mission Viejo, California, United States. Founded in 1968, the company has nearly 600 franchises in 13 countries. Sir Speedy is known as the "world's largest printing, copying, and document management franchisor serving small and mid-sized businesses".

## Recognition

Sir Speedy has received numerous awards and industry recognition including: Franchise Times Top 200, Entrepreneur Franchise 500, Quick Printing Top 100, Printing Impressions 400, All Business Allstar 300, Franchise 50 Award, and the International Franchise Association's Franchise of the Year Award.
CEO, Don Lowe, was featured as "Man of the Year" in Quick Printing magazine in 1995, and was inducted into the Sales & Marketing Executives International Academy of Achievement Hall of Fame in 2004.
# Pasierby

Pasierby (German: Pasierby; 1939-1945: Waisenort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pępowo, within Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Pępowo, 20 km (12 mi) south of Gostyń, and 77 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
# David P. Craig

David Parker Craig (23 December 1919 – 1 July 2015), an Australian chemist, was the Foundation Professor of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and later Emeritus Professor in the Research School of Chemistry at the Australian National University in Canberra.
Born in Sydney, Craig was educated at the University of Sydney, receiving a Bachelor of Science with Honours in 1940 and a Master of Science in 1941. He was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of London in 1949. He was a captain in the Second Australian Imperial Force from 1942 to 1944. Craig was a lecturer in physical chemistry, at the University of Sydney from 1944 to 1946, a Turner and Newall Research Fellow and Lecturer at University College, London from 1946 to 1952, Professor in physical chemistry at the University of Sydney from 1952 to 1956 and Professor in theoretical chemistry at University College, London from 1956 to 1967.
He was a Fellow of the Royal Society, the Royal Society of New South Wales, the Australian Academy of Science, a former President of AAS, and a Member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. In 1985 he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) "in recognition of service to the community, particularly in the field of physical chemistry", and was a recipient of the Centenary Medal "for service to Australian society and science in theoretical chemistry".

## Family

David Craig married Veronica (Ronia) Bryden-Brown on 25 August 1948, in Caversham, England. Ronia was the daughter of Cyril Bryden-Brown and Kathleen (née Parkinson), who was born in Cooma, New South Wales. David and Ronia had four children.
Aged 95, Craig died on 1 July 2015 at Calvary Hospital, Canberra.
# 2001 Misuari rebellion

The 2001 rebellion of the Moro National Liberation Front Misuari faction against the Philippine government during the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was led by Nur Misuari, the founder of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). It began on November 19, 2001, when members of a faction of the MNLF loyal to Misuari attacked a Philippine Army headquarters in Jolo, Sulu in the Philippines. The attack was meant to disrupt the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao elections scheduled for November 26 of that year, which eventually replaced Misuari as governor.

## Background

In 1996, Nur Misuari signed a peace agreement with the Philippine government that led to the creation of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM); Misuari eventually became its first governor. In April 2001, Misuari was ousted as MNLF chair by his colleagues, who cited his incompetent performance as ARMM governor. He was replaced by the "Committee of Fifteen", which is the central leadership of the MNLF. Then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo also cited Php 43 billion worth of funds for the ARMM that remained unaccounted for.
Arroyo then chose Dr. Parouk Hussin, a member of the "Committee of Fifteen", as the administration's candidate as ARMM governor. Hussin eventually won the post and stated that he would focus on an audit of the region's fiscal and property resources. Apparently offended by his ouster from the MNLF leadership, as well as losing the ARMM governor's post and facing a fiscal audit for missing public funds, Misuari declared war on the Arroyo government on November 19, 2001.

## The rebellion

The Philippine government stated that Misuari then launched an armed rebellion on the island of Jolo to undermine elections for his position as ARMM governor. MNLF members loyal to Misuari began attacking Philippine Army outposts; the hostilities caused a hundred fatalities, most of whom were Misuari's men. Many were wounded, including civilians.
In Zamboanga City, 300 MNLF men led by Julhambri Misuari, Nur Misuari's nephew, took over the Cabatangan government complex and held the residents of the neighborhood hostage, marching them around the city roped together, until they were allowed to leave unmolested by government forces which had ringed the city outskirts.

## Aftermath

The Philippine government filed rebellion charges against Nur Misuari in a Sulu court. Misuari initially escaped the military dragnet; there were reports that he had sought refuge in Sabah, Malaysia. Other reports stated that the Abu Sayyaf was hiding him in Jolo. Misuari was captured by Royal Malaysia Police forces a few days after the fighting and extradited back to the Philippines. He was charged with rebellion but was eventually released. In 2008, the rebellion charges against him were dropped.
Five years later, an armed incursion into Zamboanga City by forces loyal to Nur Misuari led to the 2013 Zamboanga City crisis.
# 2001 Birmingham bombing

The 2001 Birmingham bombing was a terrorist attack on the city centre of Birmingham.

## History

There was a partial detonation of a car bomb in the city centre of Birmingham on Saturday 3 November 2001. The Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA), a dissident Irish Republican terror group, was responsible. The RIRA gave a telephone warning before the device exploded outside a busy nightclub on Smallbrook Queensway, near the corner with Hurst Street and 250m south of New Street station - just 135 metres (443 ft) from the location of the Birmingham pub bombings in 1974. The bomb was similar in size to those used in the BBC bombing and Ealing bombing that year, but only the detonator exploded, leaving 30 kilograms (66 lb) of home-made explosives intact. An officer from the West Midlands Police said the bomb, if fully detonated, could have caused a "very serious loss of life" on the busy road. The timing and location of the bombing (10:39 PM on a Saturday night outside a busy nightclub) were likely chosen to maximize damage to the public. It was the final bombing of the Troubles in Great Britain.
The attack came during a tense period of the Northern Ireland peace process.

## Convictions

In November 2001, three men – Noel Maguire, Robert Hulme and his brother Aiden Hulme – were arrested in connection with the bomb attacks in Birmingham and London that year. They were all later convicted at the Old Bailey on 8 April 2003. Robert and Aiden Hulme were each jailed for 20 years. Noel Maguire, who the judge said played "a major part in the bombing conspiracy", was sentenced to 22 years. Two other men, James McCormack, of County Louth, and John Hannan, of Newtownbutler, County Fermanagh, had already admitted the charge at an earlier hearing. McCormack, who played the most serious part of the five, the judge said, was jailed for twenty-two years. John Hannan, who was seventeen at the time of the incidents, was given sixteen years detention. All had links to the Real IRA stronghold of Dundalk in the Republic of Ireland.
# Detention

Detention may refer to:

## Types of detention

* Detention (confinement), the restriction of liberty of someone suspected or accused of a crime
* Detention basin, an artificial flow control structure that is used to contain flood water for a limited period of time
* Immigration detention, imprisonment of an unauthorised person entering a country
* Preventive detention, detention intended to prevent criminal acts
* Remand (detention), the keeping in custody of an arrested person awaiting adjudication
* School detention, a form of punishment used in schools

## Film and television

* Detention (2003 film), an American action film directed by Sidney J. Furie
* Detention (2010 film), an American horror film starring Preston Jones and David Carradine
* Detention (2011 film), an American horror film directed by Joseph Kahn and starring Josh Hutcherson
* Detention (2019 film), a Taiwanese horror film set during the White Terror, based on the video game of the same name
* Detention (American TV series), a 1999–2000 American animated TV series
* Detention (Taiwanese TV series), a 2020 Taiwanese TV series based on the video game
* "Detention" (Cold Case episode), an episode of the television series Cold Case

## Other uses

* Detention (video game), a Taiwanese horror game set during the White Terror
* "Detention", a song by Melanie Martinez from her 2019 album K-12
* Detention, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
# Marcus Eriksson (basketball)

Marcus Per Eriksson (born 5 December 1993) is a Swedish former professional basketball player.

## Early career

A native of Uppsala, Sweden, Eriksson left his country in 2010, to further his career at Bàsquet Manresa, in Spain. As a member of Manresa's youth team, he became the MVP of the L’Hospitalet's Junior Tournament in 2010, at the age of 16.

## Professional career
### Europe

Eriksson made his professional debut in Spain's top-flight league, the ACB, with Manresa's senior men's team during the 2010–11 season. In 2011, he was signed by Spanish club FC Barcelona ("Barça"), and in his first years with Barcelona, he mainly played for their developmental farm team, FC Barcelona B. He returned to Manresa for the 2013–14 campaign, joining them on loan from Barcelona, before later heading back to Barça.
Eriksson missed the 2014–15 season, because of a torn ACL and torn meniscus.
After Eriksson's rehab from a major injury suffered early in 2022 continued to not progress, he and Alba Berlin agreed to terminate his contract on January 11, 2024. He then continued his recovery back in his native Sweden.

### NBA draft right

On 25 June 2015 Eriksson was selected with the 50th pick of the 2015 NBA draft, by the Atlanta Hawks.

## National team

Eriksson was involved with the Swedish junior national teams for a number of years. With Sweden's junior national teams, he played at the 2009 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship (Division B), the 2010 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship, the 2012 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship, and the 2013 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship. In 2012, he had his first official appearance with the Swedish senior squad.

## Career statistics
### EuroLeague

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG | PIR |
| 2015–16 | Barcelona | 3 | 0 | 7.7 | .250 | .000 | — | .7 | .3 | .3 | — | .7 | -1.0 |
| 2016–17 | Barcelona | 22 | 3 | 9.9 | .320 | .353 | — | 1.2 | .3 | .4 | .1 | 2.0 | 1.2 |
| 2018–19 | Gran Canaria | 29 | 6 | 18.6 | .443 | .415 | .939 | 1.3 | .8 | .6 | — | 10.4 | 8.9 |
| 2019–20 | Berlin | 22 | 15 | 24.7 | .466 | .466 | .813 | 2.0 | .9 | .7 | .2 | 11.2 | 10.7 |
| 2020–21 | Berlin | 22 | 14 | 23.3 | .487 | .443 | .943 | 1.7 | .7 | .5 | — | 12.4 | 10.7 |
| 2021–22 | Berlin | 13 | 13 | 24.8 | .464 | .430 | .929 | 2.3 | .8 | .2 | — | 12.5 | 11.0 |
| Career | Career | 111 | 51 | 19.5 | .453 | .431 | .906 | 1.6 | .7 | .5 | .1 | 9.3 | 8.1 |

### Domestic Leagues

| Season | Team | League | GP | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2010-11 | Assignia Manresa | Liga ACB | 4 | 1.2 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .3 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 2011-12 | FC Barcelona | Liga ACB | 0 | .0 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 2012-13 | FC Barcelona | Liga ACB | 2 | .1 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 2013-14 | Assignia Manresa | Liga ACB | 33 | 23.9 | .460 | .375 | .941 | 1.8 | .8 | .4 | .2 | 11.2 |
| 2014-15 | FC Barcelona | Liga ACB | 1 | 4.7 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 2015-16 | FC Barcelona | Liga ACB | 24 | 9.3 | .591 | .340 | .556 | 1.1 | .4 | .4 | .0 | 3.4 |
# Ahmed Al-Tarabulsi

Ahmad Khodr Al-Tarabulsi (Arabic: أَحْمَد خَضِر الطَّرَابُلْسِيّ; born 18 March 1947) is a former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Born in Lebanon, he was granted Kuwaiti citizenship to play for the Kuwait national team.

## International career

He also represented Kuwait at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Al-Tarabulsi was part of the Kuwait squad in the 1982 World Cup, playing against Czechoslovakia and England. He did not concede any goals in the 1974 Gulf Cup in Kuwait.
# Pan African Resource Reporting Code

The Pan-African Resource Reporting Code (PARC) is a standardized framework for public reporting of African mineral and energy resources. Developed under the auspices of the African Minerals Development Centre (AMDC), PARC aims to enhance transparency, consistency, and competence in the certification and reporting processes within the African mining sector.

## History

PARC was developed as part of the African Minerals and Energy Resources Classification and Management System (AMREC), a tool designed to implement the Africa Mining Vision (AMV). The AMV, adopted by African Heads of State in 2009, seeks to optimize the utilization of Africa's mineral resources for sustainable development. The policy document for AMREC/PARC was approved by the African Union's Special Technical Committee in September 2021 and was subsequently endorsed by the Executive Council in February 2022.

## Objectives

The primary objectives of PARC include:
* Standardizing the reporting processes for mineral and energy resources in Africa.
* Enhancing investor confidence by promoting transparency and consistency.
* Aligning resource reporting with the social, environmental, and economic goals outlined in the AMV and Agenda 2063.

## Governance and structure

PARC is governed by the AMDC, with oversight provided by a dedicated PARC Assessment Committee. This committee ensures adherence to the standards and principles outlined in the code. It is also responsible for accrediting Competent Persons (CPs) and Recognized Professional Organizations (RPOs) that meet PARC's stringent requirements.

## Standards and guidelines

PARC sets comprehensive guidelines for the public reporting of mineral and energy resources. PARC is based on the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) and the United Nations Resource Management System (UNRMS). Key aspects include:
* Classification based on the environmental-socio-economic viability (E), technical feasibility (F), and degree of confidence (G) axes.
* Detailed criteria for the qualifications and responsibilities of Competent Persons.
* Ethical standards and enforcement mechanisms to maintain the integrity of the reporting process.

## Implementation

The implementation of PARC involves:
* National and regional adoption of the code by African countries.
* Training and accreditation programs for Competent Persons.
* Continuous monitoring and updates to ensure the code remains relevant and effective.
# Al Madan District

Al Madan District (Arabic: مديرية المدان) is a district of the 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 26,955 inhabitants.
# Al Wade'a District

Al Wade'a District is a district of the Abyan Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 23,400 inhabitants. The former president of Yemen Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi comes from Thukain, which lies in Al Wade'a District.
# Khanfir District

Khanfir District (Arabic: مديرية خنفر), Khanfyr District or Khanfar District is a district of the Abyan Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 109,044 inhabitants.
The district's capital is the town of Jaʽār.
# Al Bayda district

Al Bayda District (Arabic: مُدِيْرِيَّة ٱلْبَيْضَاء) is a district of the Al Bayda Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 40,289 inhabitants.
# El Mansouria District

Al Mansuriyah District is a district of the Al Hudaydah Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 44,744 inhabitants.
# Al Munirah District

Al Munirah District is a district of the Al Hudaydah Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 37,183 inhabitants.