OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lugosi v. Universal Pictures

Lugosi v. Universal Pictures, 603 P.2d 425 (Cal. 1979), was a decision of the Supreme Court of California with regard to the personality rights of celebrities, particularly addressing whether these rights descended to the celebrities' heirs. The suit was brought by the heirs of Béla Lugosi, his son Bela Jr. and his fifth wife Hope Lugosi, who jointly sued Universal Pictures in 1966 for using his personality rights without the heirs' permission on toys, posters, model kits and the like. The trial court initially ruled in favor of the Lugosi heirs, but Universal Studios won the case in an appeal. The court determined that a dead person had no right to their likeness, and any rights that existed did not pass to their heirs.

## History

In September 1930, Béla Lugosi and Universal Pictures had entered into an agreement for the production of the film Dracula in which Lugosi played the title role under a signed contract. Hope Linninger Lugosi, his widow, and Bela George Lugosi, his son, filed a complaint against Universal on February 3, 1966, alleging that they were the heirs of Béla Lugosi and that Universal had, commencing in 1960, appropriated and continued to appropriate property which they had inherited from Lugosi and which was not part of the agreement with Universal. The Lugosis asserted that from 1960 until the present time, Universal entered into many licensing agreements which authorized the licensees to use the Count Dracula character.
   [Lugosi heirs] seek to recover the profits made by [Universal Studios] in its licensing of the use of the Count Dracula character to commercial firms and to enjoin [Universal Studios] from making any additional grants, without [their] consent .... The action, therefore, raises the question of whether Béla Lugosi had granted to [Universal] in his contracts with [Universal] merchandising rights in his movie portrayal of Count Dracula, the nature of such rights, and whether any such rights, if retained by Béla Lugosi, descended to the [Lugosi heirs] ....

## Ruling

After eleven years of litigation, the trial judge ruled in favor of the Lugosi heirs, awarded them $70,000, and barred Universal Studios from merchandising Lugosi's likeness. The decision was appealed and the California Supreme Court ruled that "the right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised, if at all, by him during his lifetime." The result was a loss for the concept of inheriting personality rights in California.

## Aftermath

The California Celebrities Rights Act of 1986 created an inheritable right to a person's name or likeness for 70 years after death. Legislation passed in 2007 extended that right retroactively to all persons who have died since January 1, 1938.
# Kenji Takahashi (sailor)

Kenji Takahashi (高橋 賢次, Takahashi Kenji, born August 21, 1982) is a Japanese sailor. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 49er class.
# Alpe Gera Dam

The Alpe Gera Dam is a gravity dam on the Cormor River in a lateral valley of Valmalenco 17 km (11 mi) northeast of Sondrio in the Lombardy region of Italy. It is 174 m (571 ft) tall and supports a 35 MW hydroelectric power station.
The dam was constructed between 1958 and 1964 and is best known for the concrete placement techniques used during its construction. Instead of concrete being poured into conventional monoliths, it was poured in layers with a lean mix. Next, the concrete was settled with immersed vibrators and then contraction joints were cut into the layer. These methods were not only cost-saving but instrumental in the development of roller-compacted concrete in dam construction.
# 1982 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards

The 8th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards, honoring the best filmmaking of 1982, were announced on 11 December 1982.

## Winners

* Best Picture:
** E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
** Runner-up: Gandhi
* Best Director:
** Steven Spielberg – E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
** Runner-up: Richard Attenborough – Gandhi
* Best Actor:
** Ben Kingsley – Gandhi
** Runner-up: Peter O'Toole – My Favorite Year
* Best Actress:
** Meryl Streep – Sophie's Choice
** Runner-up: Jessica Lange – Frances
* Best Supporting Actor:
** John Lithgow – The World According to Garp
** Runner-up: James Mason – The Verdict
* Best Supporting Actress:
** Glenn Close – The World According to Garp
** Runner-up: Cher – Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean
* Best Screenplay:
** Larry Gelbart and Murray Schisgal – Tootsie
** Runner-up: Barry Levinson – Diner
* Best Cinematography:
** Jordan Cronenweth – Blade Runner
* Best Music Score:
** James Horner and The BusBoys – 48 Hrs.
* Best Foreign Film:
** The Road Warrior (Mad Max 2) • Australia
** Runner-up: The Long Good Friday • UK
* Experimental/Independent Film/Video Award:
** Wayne Wang – Chan Is Missing
* New Generation Award:
** Melissa Mathison
* Career Achievement Award:
** Robert Preston
* Special Citation:
** Carlo Rambaldi (for the body of his work)
# John Hamilton (1715–1796)

John Hamilton (4 February 1715 – 12 February 1796) was a Scottish MP in the British Parliament.
He was the second son of Sir Robert Dalrymple of Castleton, Haddington and changed his name to Hamilton in 1736 when he inherited the estate of Bargany in south Ayshire, by a decision of the House of Peers, on the death of James Hamilton, 4th Lord Bargany.
He represented Wigtown Burghs 1754-1761 and 1762-1768. He was also MP for Wigtownshire 1761-February 1762.
Hamilton was a friend of Frederick, Prince of Wales and supported the Grenvilles in politics. He was an energetic man, who enthusiastically promoted negotiated arrangements in 1754 and 1762 which led to the rival Stewart family supporting him as MP for Wigtown Burghs in exchange for Dalrymple support in the Wigtownshire constituency.
He died childless in 1796 and the Bargany estate passed to his nephew, Sir Hew Dalrymple, 3rd Baronet of North Berwick, who thereupon also assumed the additional surname of Hamilton.
# 1985 Tyne Bridge by-election

The 1985 Tyne Bridge by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 5 December 1985 for the British House of Commons constituency of Tyne Bridge.

## Previous MP

The seat fell vacant when the constituency's Labour Member of Parliament (MP), Harry Lowes Cowans (19 December 1932 – 3 October 1985) died.
Cowans was elected MP for Newcastle-upon-Tyne Central at a 1976 by-election. After boundary changes, he was elected for Tyne Bridge in the 1983 general election.

## Candidates

Six candidates were nominated. The list below is set out in descending order of the number of votes received at the by-election.
* Representing the Labour Party was David Gordon Clelland (born 27 June 1943), who was 42 years old at the time of the by-election. He was a member of the Engineering Union, who had worked on the shop floor for 22 years before being made redundant. He was secretary of a local government association and was leader of Gateshead Council at the time of the by-election. Clelland was the Member of Parliament for Tyne Bridge until 2010.
* The Social Democratic Party (SDP) candidate, representing the SDP-Liberal Alliance, was Rod Kenyon. He was a Personnel Manager for Northern Gas and was aged 40 at the time of the by-election. He had contested the seat of Houghton and Washington in the 1983 general election.
* The Conservative candidate was Mrs. Jacqueline Anne "Jacqui" Lait (born on 16 December 1947), a then 37-year-old with a Westminster and European Parliamentary Consultancy. Since 1985 Mrs. Lait has served in the House of Commons, first representing Hastings and Rye from 1992 until she was defeated in the 1997 general election. She was then returned, at a by-election later in 1997, as MP for Beckenham, which she represented until 2010.
* John Connell was an Independent, using the ballot paper label "Peace Candidate".
* George Weiss (born 1940) was another Independent candidate, using the ballot paper label "Captain Rainbow Universal Party (Abolish Parliament)".
* Peter Reid Smith was nominated with the description "New National". During the campaign he admitted that he had forged the signatures of the ten electors needed on his nomination papers; he was subsequently charged with forgery.

## Result and Votes

1985 by-election: Tyne Bridge :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | David Clelland | 13,517 | 57.8 | +1.3 |
| | SDP | Rod Kenyon | 6,942 | 29.7 | +11.4 $^a$ |
| | Conservative | Jacqui Lait | 2,588 | 11.1 | −14.1 |
| | Independent | John Connell | 250 | 1.1 | New |
| | Independent | George Weiss | 38 | 0.2 | New |
| | Independent | Peter Smith | 32 | 0.1 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,575 | 28.1 | −3.2 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 23,367 | 38.1 | −23.4 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 61,400 | | |
Note:
* $^a$ Change from the Liberal candidate who represented the SDP-Liberal Alliance in the 1983 general election.
# Walther Flemming

Walther Flemming (21 April 1843 – 4 August 1905) was a German biologist and a founder of cytogenetics.
He was born in Sachsenberg (now part of Schwerin) as the fifth child and only son of the psychiatrist Carl Friedrich Flemming (1799–1880) and his second wife, Auguste Winter. He graduated from the Gymnasium der Residenzstadt, where one of his colleagues and lifelong friends was writer Heinrich Seidel.

## Career

Flemming trained in medicine at the University of Prague, graduating in 1868. Afterwards, he served in 1870–71 as a military physician in the Franco-Prussian War. From 1873 to 1876 he worked as a teacher at the University of Prague. In 1876 he accepted a post as a professor of anatomy at the University of Kiel. He became the director of the Anatomical Institute and stayed there until his death.
With the use of aniline dyes he was able to find a structure which strongly absorbed basophilic dyes, which he named chromatin. He identified that chromatin was correlated to threadlike structures in the cell nucleus – the chromosomes (meaning coloured bodies), which were named thus later by German anatomist Wilhelm von Waldeyer-Hartz (1841–1923). The Belgian scientist Edouard Van Beneden (1846–1910) had also observed them, independently. The centrosome was discovered jointly by Walther Flemming in 1875 and Edouard Van Beneden in 1876.
Flemming investigated the process of cell division and the distribution of chromosomes to the daughter nuclei, a process he called mitosis from the Greek word for thread. However, he did not see the splitting into identical halves, the daughter chromatids. He studied mitosis both in vivo and in stained preparations, using as the source of biological material the fins and gills of salamanders. These results were published first in 1878 and in 1882 in the seminal book Zellsubstanz, Kern und Zelltheilung (1882; Cell substance, nucleus and cell division). On the basis of his discoveries, Flemming surmised for the first time that all cell nuclei came from another predecessor nucleus (he coined the phrase omnis nucleus e nucleo, after Virchow's omnis cellula e cellula).
Flemming is also known for his philanthropy. He weekly fed those who were homeless, donating every year, 20% of his salary to homeless shelters. He taught especially young children who were too poor to attend school about mathematics and science.
Flemming was unaware of the work of Gregor Mendel (1822–84) on heredity, so he did not make the connection between his observations and genetic inheritance. Two decades would pass before the significance of Flemming's work was truly realized with the rediscovery of Mendel's rules. The Science Channel named Flemming's discovery of mitosis and chromosomes as one of the 100 most important scientific discoveries of all time, and one of the 10 most important discoveries in cell biology.
Flemming's name is honoured by a medal awarded by the German Society for Cell Biology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zellbiologie).
# Tazin Ahmed

Tazin Ahmed (30 July 1975 – 22 May 2018) was a Bangladeshi journalist, actress, playwright, director, and theater person. She won the 2003 Bachasas Award for the Best Actress in the drama category.

## Early life and education

Ahmed was born on 30 July 1972, in Noakhali, Bangladesh, to Dilara Jolly and Kamal Uddin Ahmed (d. 1979). She completed her Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC) in 1992. She graduated from the mass communication and journalism department of the University of Dhaka.

## Career
### Journalism

In 1994, Ahmed joined the newspaper Bhorer Kagoj. In 1997, she started working with Prothom Alo and became a staff reporter in 1998. She worked also as a columnist for Anondo Bhubon and as a freelance contributor to Bangla Bazar magazine. In 2002, she joined Mercantile Bank Limited as a public relations officer.

### Acting

In 1996, Ahmed made her debut in the small screen through the single episode television drama Shesh Dekha Shesh Noy, directed by Sheikh Niamat Ali. Alongside she became associated with the theatre group Natyojon. In 2000, she joined another theatre group named Aronyak. She scripted around 12 plays and directed a few of them. She started her television presentation in 1991 with the program title of Chetna for Bangladesh Television. In 1997, she played in a number of plays for theater. Later, Aranyak acted in the drama Mayur Singhanshan. She wrote the screenplay of Doll's House.
She started working as a program executive at NTV in 2003. Since 2016, she hosted the television show 71 er Shokaal on Ekattor TV. Her last televised tele-fiction was Noashal, directed by Mir Sabbir.

## Personal life and death

Ahmed was first married to Ejaz Munna, a television director. She later married the musician Rumi Rahman. Actress Dilara Zaman is her paternal aunt, her father's elder sister.
Ahmed suffered from asthma. She died of a heart attack on 22 May 2018 at Regent Hospital in Uttara, Dhaka. Her body was taken for viewing to Kashimpur Women's Central Jail where her mother, Dilara Jolly, had been sentenced and later she was buried beside her father's grave in Banani Graveyard.

## Works
### Television drama

* Shesh Dekha Shesh Noy (1996)
* Adekha Bhubon (2004)
* Utsho (2007)
* Nolbaji (2007)
* Poroshpor (2008)
* The Family (2009)
* Bar Bar Phirey Ashey (2009)
* O Bondhu Amar (2009)
* Fifty 50 (2010)
* Maa (2013)
* Noashal (2014)
* Tomar Khola Haowa
* Saptarshi
* Atopor Bibaho Barshiki
* Shat Paure Kabya
* Ek Akasher Tara

### Television show

* Shandhikhon (2006)
* 71 er Shokaal
# Strada statale 336 dell'Aeroporto della Malpensa

Strada statale 336 dell'Aeroporto della Malpensa (SS 336) is an Italian state highway 38.8 kilometres (24.1 mi) long in Italy in the region of Lombardy that connects the Milan-Varese motorway with the Turin-Trieste motorway, skirting the Milan Malpensa Airport.

## Route

Superstrada Malpensa 2000 :
| Exit | km | Province |
| Milano-Varese Busto Arsizio interchange | 0.0 km (0 mi) | VA |
| Cassano Magnago - Busto Arsizio | 0.4 km (0.25 mi) | VA |
| del Sempione Gallarate - Varese | 2.4 km (1.5 mi) | VA |
| Gallaratese Gallarate - Samarate | 4.6 km (2.9 mi) | VA |
| Cardano al Campo - Gallarate | 5.5 km (3.4 mi) | VA |
| Cardano al Campo - Ferno | 7.7 km (4.8 mi) | VA |
| del Ciglione Casorate Sempione | 9.0 km (5.6 mi) | VA |
| Terminal 2 dell'Aeroporto di Malpensa - Somma Lombardo | 10.8 km (6.7 mi) | VA |
| della Battaglia di Tornavento Somma Lombardo | 12.6 km (7.8 mi) | VA |
| Terminal 1 Vizzola Ticino della Battaglia di Tornavento | 14.6 km (9.1 mi) | VA |
| Cargo City della Battaglia di Tornavento Somma Lombardo - Lonate Pozzolo | 16.4 km (10.2 mi) | VA |
| ex Bustese Oleggio - Busto Arsizio | 19.9 km (12.4 mi) | VA |
| Lonate Pozzolo | 22.0 km (13.7 mi) | VA |
| dell'Aeroporto di Malpensa Vanzaghello | 24.1 km (15.0 mi) | MI |
| Castano Primo north | 25.8 km (16.0 mi) | MI |
| Castano Primo south - Buscate north | 28.2 km (17.5 mi) | MI |
| Cuggiono north - Buscate south | 30.5 km (19.0 mi) | MI |
| Cuggiono south - Mesero north | 33.9 km (21.1 mi) | MI |
| Mesero south Torino-Trieste Marcallo-Mesero interchange | 35.8 km (22.2 mi) | MI |
| dell'Esticino Padana Superiore Magenta - Abbiategrasso - Pavia | 38.8 km (24.1 mi) | MI |
# Charles John Fynes Clinton

Charles John Fynes Clinton (1799–1872) was an English clergyman and classical scholar.

## Life

He was born 16 April 1799, the third son of the Rev. Charles Fynes Clinton, LL.D., prebendary of Westminster, and a brother of Henry Fynes Clinton, the chronologist. He was educated at Westminster School, and at Oriel College, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1821.
On 16 March 1826, he married Caroline Clay in Burton-on-Trent. She had been born in Burton-on-Trent on 27 July 1798, the daughter of Joseph Clay and Sarah née Spender. Ten months later, Caroline died, with her first-born, a daughter Caroline, in childbirth on 11 January 1827, in Burton-on-Trent.
He was god-father to Caroline's nephew, Charles John Clay (21 Aug 1828 – 14 Apr 1910), named after him, the first Charles in the Clay family.
Having held some parochial charges, he was appointed in 1828 to the rectory of Cromwell, Nottinghamshire. He was also vicar of Orston in the same county. He died in 1872.

## Works

In 1842 he published 'Twenty-one plain Doctrinal and Practical Sermons,' London, 1842; and in 1853 edited and completed for publication 'An Epitome of the Civil and Literary Chronology of Rome and Constantinople,' which had been left unfinished by his brother Henry. In 1864 he edited and published the 'Literary Remains' (London, 1864) of his brother.
# Klemensowo

Klemensowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostroróg, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# 1986 Sicilian regional election

The 1986 Sicilian regional election took place on 22 June 1986.
Christian Democracy was by far the largest party, largely ahead of the Italian Communist Party. Christian Democrat Rino Nicolosi was President of the Region for the whole legislature, albeit at the head of different coalitions, that included the Italian Socialist Party for most of the time.

## Results

seats :
| | Christian Democracy | 1,109,570 | 38.8 | 36 |
| | Italian Communist Party | 553,629 | 19.3 | 19 |
| | Italian Socialist Party | 429,660 | 15.0 | 14 |
| | Italian Social Movement | 262,279 | 9.2 | 8 |
| | Italian Republican Party | 145,408 | 5.1 | 5 |
| | Italian Democratic Socialist Party | 122,495 | 4.3 | 4 |
| | Italian Liberal Party | 80,241 | 2.8 | 3 |
| | Proletarian Democracy | 36,260 | 1.3 | 1 |
| | PRI–PSDI–PLI | 21,232 | 0.7 | - |
| | Others | 96,187 | 3.3 | - |
| Total | Total | 2,856,961 | 100.0 | 90 |
Sources: Istituto Cattaneo and Sicilian Regional Assembly
# Pain Rokh Rural District

Pain Rokh Rural District (Persian: دهستان پائين رخ) is in Jolgeh Rokh District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sar Bala. The previous capital of the rural district was Nasar.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 10,156 in 2,458 households. There were 9,257 inhabitants in 2,590 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 10,686 in 3,141 households. The most populous of its 33 villages was Nasar (now a city), with 3,633 people.
# Ing-Marie Wieselgren

Ing-Marie Birgitta Wieselgren (9 April 1958 – 6 July 2022) was a Swedish psychiatrist and national coordinator for psychiatric issues in Sweden's Municipalities and Regions. She was also chief physician at Uppsala University Hospital.

## Early life and education

Wieselgren completed her medical degree at Uppsala University and defended her dissertation in 1995 at Uppsala University with a dissertation on prognosis and prognostic factors in schizophrenia.

## Career

Wieselgren was head of the clinic for the psychosis and rehabilitation clinic at the Uppsala University Hospital from 1998 to 2002 and head of operations for the same clinic from 2003 to 2004. Wieselgren was the initiator and head of a special team at the Academy for Adolescents with Psychosis 1997–2004 and a neuropsychiatric investigation team between 1999 and 2004.
Between 2004 and 2006, Wieselgren was the Secretary General of the National Psychiatric Coordination. She has been a member of Region Skåne's Ethics Council since 2007 and chair of the reference group for the work of developing national guidelines for psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia at the National Board of Health and Welfare in 2008. Wieselgren also participated as an expert in various working groups at the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services. In August 2015, she was appointed a member of the Government's Commission for Equal Health.
She regularly appeared in Sveriges Radio P1's program Tankar för dagen (Thoughts for the day).

## Death

On 6 July 2022, during Almedalen Week, Wieselgren died after being stabbed at Donners plats in Visby. The stabbing occurred near to a stage where Centre Party leader Annie Lööf was about to give a press conference, and Wieselgren had been walking towards a seminar on neuropsychiatric diagnoses in children she was due to moderate. After stabbing Wieselgren, the attacker was tackled by a pensioner and was shortly thereafter arrested by police.
The arrested perpetrator was a 33-year-old man who had previously participated in events organized by the neo-Nazi Nordic Resistance Movement and had written for the neo-Nazi newspaper Nordfront. However, the prosecutor of the case told media that the connection to the far-right would not be the main focus of the investigation, as the arrested man's explanation of his actions suggested the attack was motivated by dissatisfaction over the state of psychiatric care in Sweden and as there were reports that he had "committed the act under the influence of narcotics." The prosecutor further stated that the suspect would undergo a psychiatric evaluation under police custody. On 11 July, the prosecutor told media that the Swedish Security Service took over the investigation and that the case is being treated as terrorism.
# Thomas Farrer, 2nd Baron Farrer

Thomas Cecil Farrer, 2nd Baron Farrer (25 October 1859 – 12 April 1940), was the second Baron Farrer. He was the eldest son of Thomas Farrer, 1st Baron Farrer, and his first wife Frances Erskine.

## Life

Farrer was a long-term member of the board of the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (a forerunner of the London Underground).
He owned a mainly wooded smallholding with house, Abinger Hall in Abinger, Surrey, which was renamed at or before the early 1700s when bought by the Dowager Countess of Donegal. Its predecessor was demolished and rebuilt by Farrer's father and is a non-listed home around a courtyard of its former wings and other houses. In 1882 and 1886, on admission of his brothers to Trinity College, Cambridge University, the family also had their home at 27 Bryanston Square, London.

## Family

In 1892 Farrer married Evelyn Spring Rice, daughter of Hon. Charles Spring Rice, the son of Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon. They had one son (Cecil Claude Farrer, born 1893) and two daughters (Frances Margaret Farrer (born 1895) and Katharine Dianthe Farrer (born 1896) who married Edward Bridges, 1st Baron Bridges). In 1903 he remarried to Evangeline Knox, daughter of Octavius Knox. They had one son (Oliver Thomas Farrer) and one daughter (Anne Lucy Farrer, b. 1908).
# The Canyon of Missing Men

The Canyon of Missing Men is a 1930 American silent Western film directed by J. P. McGowan and starring Tom Tyler, Sheila Bromley and Bud Osborne. Some versions of the film were released with added sound effects.

## Synopsis

Dave Brandon attempts to go straight after meeting Inez Sepulveda, the attractive daughter of a ranch owner, but the members of his former gang refuse to allow him to leave.

## Cast

* Tom Tyler as Dave Brandon
* Sheila Bromley as Inez Sepulveda
* Tom B. Forman as Juan Sepulveda
* Bud Osborne as Henchman
* Cliff Lyons as Brill Lonergan
* Bobby Dunn as Gimpy Lamb
* Arden Ellis as Peg Sagel