OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Jibrieni

The Battle of Jibrieni was an attack on 17 December 1941 by a Soviet submarine on an Axis convoy and its Romanian escorts off the coast of the Romanian village of Jibrieni (today Prymorske, Ukraine). The engagement ended with the sinking of the attacking Soviet submarine M-59.

## Battle

On 17 December 1941, the Soviet M-class submarine M-59 carried out an attack against an Axis convoy near the coastal town of Jibrieni in December 1941. The convoy consisted of the Hungarian cargo ships Kassa and Kolozsvár and the Bulgarian cargo ship Tzar Ferdinand. The three ships were escorted by the Romanian destroyers Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria, the Romanian gunboats Stihi and Ghiculescu and the Romanian torpedo boats Sborul and Smeul. The two torpedoes launched by the Soviet submarine missed the aft and bow of the Romanian destroyer by about 30 feet (9.1 m) each. With 25 knots (46.3 km/h), Regele Ferdinand rushed to the place the torpedoes were launched from and dropped three series of depth charges. Between the second and third series, fuel and bubbles emerged from the water. Regele Ferdinand subsequently circled the area and dropped four more depth charges, followed by more fuel emerging from the depths as well as pieces of wood. Regele Ferdinand reported the sinking of the submarine, which was confirmed by the Romanian Naval Command. Post-war sources revealed the identity of the submarine as M-59.

## Disputed account

According to modern Russian sources, M-59 was probably lost several weeks prior in minefields east of Constanța, in late October or early November before the battle took place. Soviet archival documents state that the submarine did not have enough fuel to operate beyond 8 December on its final patrol, thus making impossible for the submarine to be involved in the engagement on 17 December. The likely reason of M-59's loss was defensive field of mines east of Constanța, the field responsible being the one laid by the Romanian minelayers Admiral Murgescu, Dacia and Regele Carol I.
# Takuya Hashimoto

Takuya Hashimoto (橋本拓哉, Hashimoto Takuya, born December 3, 1994) is a Japanese professional basketball player for Osaka Evessa of the B.League in Japan. He played college basketball for Ashiya University. The Japanese Olympic Committee penalized Hashimoto for buying sex in Jakarta and sent him back home on August 20, 2018. He had been suspended from official competition for one year.

## Career statistics
### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | TO | PPG |
| 2012-13 | Osaka | 33 | 0 | 7.6 | 33.8 | 0.0 | 45.0 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.7 |
| 2016-17 | Osaka | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 1942 Niksar–Erbaa earthquake

The 1942 Niksar–Erbaa earthquake in Turkey occurred at 16:03 local time on 20 December. It had an estimated surface-wave magnitude of 7.0 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 3,000 casualties.
# November 2015 Kidal attack

A MINUSMA base in Kidal, northern Mali, was attacked on 28 November 2015. Two Guinean soldiers and a Burkinabe contractor were killed, with 20 more injured. Ansar Dine claimed responsibility for the attack.

## Background

Following the Libyan Civil War, Tuaregs fighting in the Libyan Arab Republic's Libyan army fled to northern Mali with weapons. The ensuing insurgency quickly led to the self-declared independence and consequent armed Islamist insurgency by MOJWA and Ansar Dine against the secular MNLA. This led to Operation Serval by France.
The UN base in Kidal was targeted in March as well, resulting in the deaths of two children and a Chadian peacekeeper. In the days preceding the November 2015 attack, the Radisson Blu was attacked in Mali's capital, Bamako. The attack was claimed by three Islamist militant groups — al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, its splinter group, the secular named al Mourabitoun and Massina Liberation Front.
MINUSMA has had over 50 deaths, making it the most fatal UN mission since the 1993-95 UNOSOM II in Somalia.

## Attack

According to MINUSMA spokesman Olivier Salgado, the attack happened in Kidal at about 04:00 when "four or five rockets landed inside the base." After the rockets landed, bursts of gunfire occurred. Mortar fire also emanated from inside the camp. At least 2 Guinean troops and a civilian contractor were killed, 14 others were wounded. The camp had received a warning two days before the attack from an unnamed Islamist group. A local government official, Ahmoudene Ag Ikmasse, blamed radical Islamists.

## Responsibility

Ansar Dine claimed responsibility for the attack.

## Reactions

MINUSMA chief Mongi Hamdi issued a statement that read the attacks "would not dent the determination of the UN to support the Malian people and the peace process, including assisting in the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali." The UN issued a statement that read: "The members of the Security Council called on the Government of Mali to swiftly investigate this attack and bring the perpetrators to justice, and stressed that those responsible for the attack should be held accountable" and that it may constitute war crimes.
# Karen Harris (model)

Karen Harris was one of the first exclusive models for Estee Lauder, Inc., from 1962 (with Phyllis Connor) until 1971, when she was replaced by Karen Graham. As with all Lauder models prior to 1993, Victor Skrebneski photographed the ads in which Harris appeared.
# Scotty Olson

Scotty Robert Olson (born 26 February 1968), known as Scotty Olson, and nicknamed Bulldog is a Canadian former flyweight boxer. He won the Light Flyweight Gold Medal in the 1986 Commonwealth Games, and reached the quarterfinals of the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul. He also represented Canada at the 1987 Pan American Games.
He also became International Boxing Organization and United States Boxing Association flyweight champion, before retiring in 2002, having recorded 34 wins, 25 knockouts, 4 losses and 2 draws, one of his losses, a 10th-round knockout defeat against Michael Carbajal in a long-awaited bout. He now helps train Canadian boxers. He was inducted into Boxing Canada’s Hall of Fame, Class of 2020.
On the morning of January 18, 2015, Olson suffered a near-fatal heart attack at his home. His wife performed CPR until medical help arrived. He was placed in a medically induced coma, after which two stents were put into his heart. Doctors were initially concerned about his condition since his brain had been deprived of oxygen for "a period of time," but Olson came out of the coma about a week after the heart attack, and was released from the hospital a week after that.
# Delmo da Silva

Delmo da Silva (9 June 1954 – 24 February 2010) was a Brazilian sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
He was the younger brother of another sprinter, Rui da Silva.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Brazil ||||||
| 1972 | South American Junior Championships | Asunción, Paraguay | 1st | 200 m | 22.4 |
| 1972 | South American Junior Championships | Asunción, Paraguay | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 3:26.3 |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1st | 400 m | 47.0 |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:09.2 |
| 1975 | Pan American Games | Mexico City, Mexico | 3rd | 400 m | 45.53 |
| 1976 | Olympic Games | Montreal, Canada | 16th (sf) | 400 m | 46.69 |
| 1977 | World Cup | Düsseldorf, West Germany | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.77$^1$ |
| 1977 | South American Championships | Montevideo, Uruguay | 1st | 400 m | 47.70 |
| 1977 | South American Championships | Montevideo, Uruguay | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:15.1 |
| 1979 | Pan American Games | San Juan, Puerto Rico | 10th (sf) | 400 m | 46.81 |
| 1979 | Pan American Games | San Juan, Puerto Rico | 5th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:10.9 |
$^1$Representing the Americas
# Robert Dilworth House

The Robert Dilworth House is a historic house located at 606 East Fifth Street in Vermont, Illinois. The house was built in 1872 for Robert Dilworth, a local banker, politician, and pharmacist. The house was designed in the Italianate style, a nationally popular architectural style at the time. The main entrance is situated behind a full-length front porch supported by beveled columns; the front door itself has a decorative wooden surround and is topped by a transom. The house's windows are tall, narrow, and topped by arches, as is common in Italianate architecture. The gable roof has a front-facing gable adorned by decorative brackets along its eaves.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1993.
# Pedestals of Biahmu

The Pedestals of Biahmu (also spelled Biyahmū) are the basal remnants of two colossal statues erected by the ancient Egyptian pharaoh Amenemhat III. The ruins, which once stood on the shore of Lake Moeris, are located in the village of Biahmu, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of the city Faiyum. The actual statues were long ago destroyed and only their bases have survived.

## Name

The pedestals are known by a variety of names, including the "Colossi of Biahmu" and the "Pyramids of Biahmu". Locally, they are often referred to as Al-Ṣanam (الصنم), which is Arabic for "The Idol". Historically, the ruins have also been called Haram Biyahmū ("Pyramid of Biahmu"), Rigl Pharaon (رجل فرعون "The Foot of the Pharaoh"), and Mustuhamel ("The Bathed").

## History

The first mention of the statues can be found in the work of the Greek historian Herodotus (fl. 5th century BC), who claims in his Histories that "in the centre [of Lake Moeris] there stand two pyramids, rising to the height of fifty fathoms above the surface of the water, and extending as far beneath, crowned each of them with a colossal statue sitting upon a throne." Herodotus's claim that the statues towered "fifty fathoms" above the lake is almost certainly "grossly inflated". Additionally, given the impracticality of building pyramids in water, the British Egyptologist William Matthew Flinders Petrie hypothesizes that Herodotus wrote of these statues during a time that the area had flooded. Claims similar to those made by Herodotus were later repeated by Diodorus the Sicilian (fl. 1st century BC) and Pliny the Elder (AD 23/24 – 79).
In 1245, the Arabic writer Abu Osman el-Nabulsi el-Safadi reported that the tops of both statues had been partially destroyed in the search for supposed treasures. In 1672, the theologian Johann Michael Vansleb wrote that he could only make out the remains of one of the two statues, and by the time the English travel writer Richard Pococke visited the site in 1737, only the bases remained. In the 19th century, William Matthew Flinders Petrie studied the site, as did Labib Habachi in the 1940s. Habachi provided evidence that the statues had been raised by Amenemhat III, and Petrie argued that each were originally 60 feet (18 m) tall and surrounded by a courtyard with embanked walls. On the plinths were carved representations of the 42 nomes (territorial divisions) of ancient Egypt. The statues once stood on a causeway flanking Lake Moeris. Between them was a road that led to the ancient city of Arsinoe (i.e., Crocodilopolis).
# Colotis evanthe

Colotis evanthe is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found on Madagascar and the Comoros. The habitat consists of forests, forest margins and unnatural grasslands.
# 1651 in science

The year 1651 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Anatomy

* Jean Pecquet publishes Experimenta nova anatomica which includes his findings on the lymphatic system.
* William Harvey describes organ formation in the developing embryo in De Generatione.

## Astronomy

* William Gilbert's De Mundo Nostro Sublunari Philosophia Nova ("A New Philosophy of Our Sublunar World") is published posthumously. It theorises that the fixed stars are not all the same distance from Earth, and that the force of magnetism holds the planets in orbit around the Sun.
* Italian astronomer Giovanni Battista Riccioli's Almagestum Novum includes a map of the Moon giving definitive names to many features.

## Botany

* Begonias become known in Europe (although discovered by Father Francisco Hernández in Mexico before 1577).

## Chemistry

* German scientist Johann Glauber publishes Opera omnia chymica (Complete Works of Chemistry), a description of different techniques in chemistry.
* English physician John French publishes The Art of Distillation, the first detailed handbook in English on distillation.

## Medicine

* Noah Biggs publishes Matæotechnia medicinæ praxeōs, The vanity of the Craft of Physick, or, A new Dispensatory; wherein is dissected the errors, ignorance, impostures and supinities of the schools in their main pillars of purges, blood-letting, fontanels or issues, and diet, &c., and the particular medicines of the shops; with an humble motion for the reformation of the universities and the whole landscap of physick, and discovering the terra incognita of chymistrie to the Parliament of England.
* Nicholas Culpeper publishes his medical astrology treatise, Semiotica uranica, or, An Astrological Judgement of Diseases from the Decumbiture of the Sick.
* Jean Pecquet publishes Experimenta Nova Anatomica in Paris, including his discovery of the Cisterna chyli.

## Births

* January 20 – Edward Tyson, English comparative anatomist (died 1708)
* April 10 – Ehrenfried Walter von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician (died 1708)
* August 28 (bapt.) – Edmund Dummer, English naval engineer (died 1713)
* September 5 (bapt.) – William Dampier, English explorer and hydrographic surveyor, circumnavigates the world three times (died 1715)

## Deaths

* September – Arthur Dee, English physician and alchemist (born 1579)
* September 24 – Étienne Pascal, French mathematician (born 1588)
# 1659 in science

The year 1659 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Astronomy

* Christiaan Huygens publishes Systema Saturnium, including the first illustration of the Orion Nebula.

## Mathematics

* First known use of the term Abscissa, by Stefano degli Angeli.
* Swiss mathematician Johann Rahn publishes Teutsche Algebra, containing the first printed use of the 'division sign' (÷, a repurposed obelus variant) as a mathematical symbol for division and of the 'therefore sign' (∴).

## Medicine

* Thomas Willis publishes De Febribus.

## Physics

* Christiaan Huygens derives the formula for centripedal force.

## Births

* February 27 – William Sherard, English botanist (died 1728)
* June 3 – David Gregory, Scottish astronomer (died 1708)

## Deaths

* October 10 – Abel Tasman, Dutch explorer (born 1603)
# Marinalva de Almeida

Marinalva de Almeida (born 27 August 1977) is a Brazilian Paralympic athlete and model.

## Life

Almeida was born in Santa Isabel do Ivaí, Paraná in 1977. She and her five siblings moved away when she was four. When she was fifteen and living in Mato Grosso do Sul she had her leg amputated as the result of a car accident. She had borrowed a boy's bike and a car had crushed her leg. Although amputation was the doctors proposed action her mother refused them permission. Her sister's intercession allowed the operation to be performed. As a part of her recovery she tried various sports. A year later she married and had three children in São Paulo state.
She was introduced to sport by a friend who persuaded her to enter a race. She then took a gymnastics course at Senai. An early race was one designed for amputees who at that time completed the 10 km race using crutches. In 2012 she completed a 15 km course on crutches.
Almeida competed in sailing at the 2016 Paralympics, together with Bruno Landgraf. They placed eighth in the Skud 18 class.
# Beiker Graterol

Beiker Graterol [baker / grahterol] (born November 9, 1974) is a former Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher who pitched in one game for the Detroit Tigers in 1999.

## Career

Graterol was signed by the Toronto Blue Jays as an amateur free agent in 1992. After spending a few years pitching in the Dominican Republic, he joined the Blue Jays system in 1996 with the St. Catharines Stompers of the New York–Penn League. In 1998, he pitched for the Lara Cardinals en route to a Venezuelan Professional Baseball League championship. On December 14, 1998, he was traded by Toronto to the Detroit Tigers for Eric Ludwick. The Tigers invited him to Major League spring training in 1999.
Graterol made his first and only Major League appearance on April 9, 1999 when he started for the Tigers against the New York Yankees at Yankee Stadium in place of an injured Bryce Florie. Graterol lasted only four innings in a rainy game, surrendering seven earned runs and three home runs, including a grand slam by Chili Davis. After the game, Graterol told reporters he would learn from his mistakes and "be better next time." However, before appearing in another game, he was demoted to the Triple-A Toledo Mud Hens on April 17, never to return to the Major Leagues.
Graterol was unable to find even a minor league contract after the 1999 season and spent 2000 with the Mexico City Tigres of the Mexican League. After a poor year in 2000, Graterol never pitched in affiliated ball again. Later in his career, he pitched for the Rimini Baseball Club of the Italian Baseball League.
Internationally, Graterol played for the Venezuela national baseball team at the 2007 Baseball World Cup.
# 1870 in animation

Events in 1870 in animation.

## Events

* February 5: The Philadelphia-based engineer Henry Renno Heyl presented his Phasmatrope to 1500 persons at a church entertainment evening at the Philadelphia Academy of Music. This modified magic lantern had a wheel that could hold 16 photographic slides and a shutter. The wheel was rotated in front of the light source by an intermittent mechanism to project the slides successively, probably with a speed of 3 fps. The program contained three subjects: All Right (a popular Japanese acrobat), Brother Jonathan, and a waltzing couple. Brother Jonathan addressed the audience with a voice actor behind the screen and professed that "this art will rapidly develop into one of the greatest merit for instruction and enjoyment." The pictures of the waltzing couple survived and consist of four shots of costumed dancers (Heyl and a female dancing partner) that were repeated four times in the wheel. The pictures were posed. The waltzing animations were screened with an appropriate musical accompaniment by a 40-person orchestra. Heyl's only known other show was a screening on 16 March 1870 at the Franklin Institute.
* Specific date unknown:
** The board game manufacturing company Milton Bradley and Co. had gained patents for the construction of the animation device zoetrope since 1867. The London Stereoscopic and Photographic Company was licensed as the British publisher, and repeated most of the Milton Bradley animations. In 1870, the Stereoscopic & Photographic Company made its own addition to the available zoetrope products. It added a set of twelve animations by the famous British illustrator George Cruikshank.
** The French entertainer François Dominique Séraphin had popularised shadow plays in France during the 18th century. Séraphin died in 1800 but his shadow play shows continued, initially under the direction of his nephew. The shadow play theatre which Séraphin had established closed in 1870. The shadow play tradition is considered a precursor of silhouette animation.
** Around 1870, the first demonstration of the Kaleidotrope took place at the Royal Polytechnic Institution: a slide with a single perforated metal or cardboard disc suspended on a spiral spring. The holes can be tinted with colored pieces of gelatin. When struck, the disc's vibration and rotation sends the colored dots of light swirling around in all sorts of shapes and patterns. It was dubbed "Kaleidotrope" when commercial versions were marketed.

## Deaths
### October

* October 9: John Barnes Linnett, British lithograph printer, (the first person to patent the flip book, a type of small book with relatively springy pages, each having one in a series of animation images located near its unbound edge), dies at an unknown age. Early film animators cited flip books as their inspiration more often than the earlier animation devices, which did not reach as wide an audience.
# 1883 in animation

Events in 1883 in animation.

## Events

* Specific date unknown
** In 1883, Eadweard Muybridge met with William Pepper and J.B. Lippincott to discuss a plan for a scientific study focused on the analysis of animal and human movement. The university contributed $5,000, seeing the proposed project as important research that would benefit anthropology, physiology, medicine, and sports. The project was based on Muybridge's work with the zoopraxiscope, and would result in the production of Animal Locomotion (1887).
** The photographer James Bamforth of Bamforth & Co Ltd began to specialise in making lantern slides. His compady would later start production of silent monochrome films with the Riley Brothers of Bradford, West Yorkshire. James Bamforth's expertise with lantern slides proved invaluable in the filmmaking.

## Births
### January

* January 30: Eddie Collins, American actor (voice of Dopey in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs), (d. 1940).

### July

* July 19: Max Fleischer, Polish-American animator, inventor, film director, and film producer (co-founder and head of the animation studio Fleischer Studios, inventor of rotoscoping, the bouncing ball, and the stereopticon process for impression of depth in animation), (d. 1972).

### Specific date unknown

* Helena Smith Dayton, American animator, filmmaker, painter, playwright, and sculptor, (pioneer of stop motion animation and clay animation, directed an animated adaptation of Romeo and Juliet), (d. 1960).

## Deaths
### September

* September 15: Joseph Plateau, Belgian physicist, mathematician, and inventor (inventor of the phenakistiscope, the first widespread animation device that created a fluent illusion of motion), dies at age 81.