# Grant County, Indiana

Grant County is a county in central Indiana in the United States Midwest. At the time of the 2020 census, the population was 66,674. The county seat is Marion. Important paleontological discoveries, dating from the Pliocene epoch, have been made at the Pipe Creek Sinkhole in Grant County.

## History

Grant County was formed in 1831 by settlers from Kentucky and Virginia. It was named after Captains Samuel and Moses Grant of Kentucky, who were killed fighting indigenous warriors north of the Ohio River. Their home county was also named after them, Grant County, Kentucky.
In 1831, Martin Boots and David Branson each donated 30 acres of land to begin a settlement called Marion. This land was on the north side of a fast-flowing and scenic river which the Miami Indians called Mississinewa. Marion was designated as the County Seat. As the county was developed for agriculture, the County Seat became a center of trade and business, as well as government and the court system.
On August 7, 1930, a mob of an estimated 5,000 people took three African-American men, Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith, both 19, and James Cameron, 16, from the county jail. They were suspects in a robbery/murder and rape. The first two were hanged from trees in the courthouse square. Cameron was spared and later became a civil rights activist. This was the last lynching in Indiana.
In 1982, Stephen Johnson was elected as Grant County's first full-time prosecutor. He served for five terms, from 1983 through 2002.

## Geography

Grant County consists of low rolling hills, covered with vegetation and devoted to agriculture or urban development. The Mississinewa River flows northwesterly through the center of the county toward Mississinewa Lake in adjacent Miami County. The highest terrain consists of two rises in southeast Upland, at 950 ft (290 m) ASL. According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 414.90 square miles (1,074.6 km$^2$), of which 414.07 square miles (1,072.4 km$^2$) (or 99.80%) is land and 0.82 square miles (2.1 km$^2$) (or 0.20%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

Grant County shares a border with nine neighboring counties, more than any other county in Indiana.
* Huntington County - northeast
* Wells County - northeast
* Blackford County - east
* Delaware County - southeast
* Madison County - south
* Tipton County - southwest
* Howard County - west
* Miami County - northwest
* Wabash County - northwest

### Transit

* Marion Transit System

### Major highways

* I-69 - Interstate Highway
* US 35 - Federal Highway
* SR 5 - State Highway
* SR 9 - State Highway
* SR 13 - State Highway
* SR 15 - State Highway
* SR 18 - State Highway
* SR 19 - State Highway
* SR 22 - State Highway
* SR 26 - State Highway
* SR 37 - State Highway

## Climate and weather

In recent years, average temperatures in Marion have ranged from a low of 16 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −23 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 108 °F (42 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.03 inches (52 mm) in February to 4.73 inches (120 mm) in July.

## Government

The county government is a constitutional body, granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana and the Indiana Code.
County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives, elected to four-year terms from county districts, are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.
Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.
Court: The county maintains a small claims court that can handle some civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.
County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor and circuit court clerk, elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.
Grant County is part of Indiana's 5th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 17, 19 and 21; and Indiana House of Representatives districts 31, 32 and 82.
United States presidential election results for Grant County, Indiana :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 17,580 | 69.69% | 7,083 | 28.08% | 563 | 2.23% |
| 2020 | 18,543 | 68.10% | 8,015 | 29.43% | 672 | 2.47% |
| 2016 | 17,008 | 66.51% | 7,010 | 27.41% | 1,554 | 6.08% |
| 2012 | 15,151 | 59.82% | 9,589 | 37.86% | 589 | 2.33% |
| 2008 | 14,734 | 55.93% | 11,293 | 42.87% | 317 | 1.20% |
| 2004 | 18,769 | 68.35% | 8,509 | 30.99% | 182 | 0.66% |
| 2000 | 16,153 | 61.22% | 9,712 | 36.81% | 521 | 1.97% |
| 1996 | 13,443 | 50.77% | 9,818 | 37.08% | 3,217 | 12.15% |
| 1992 | 13,806 | 48.04% | 9,211 | 32.05% | 5,721 | 19.91% |
| 1988 | 18,441 | 62.79% | 10,799 | 36.77% | 131 | 0.45% |
| 1984 | 20,482 | 66.78% | 9,986 | 32.56% | 205 | 0.67% |
| 1980 | 19,078 | 61.72% | 10,390 | 33.61% | 1,441 | 4.66% |
| 1976 | 16,847 | 55.14% | 13,468 | 44.08% | 239 | 0.78% |
| 1972 | 20,969 | 72.41% | 7,912 | 27.32% | 77 | 0.27% |
| 1968 | 16,170 | 52.46% | 10,938 | 35.48% | 3,718 | 12.06% |
| 1964 | 14,688 | 45.20% | 17,574 | 54.08% | 232 | 0.71% |
| 1960 | 19,021 | 57.92% | 13,642 | 41.54% | 178 | 0.54% |
| 1956 | 17,548 | 64.50% | 9,455 | 34.75% | 203 | 0.75% |
| 1952 | 16,678 | 59.73% | 10,646 | 38.13% | 599 | 2.15% |
| 1948 | 13,138 | 50.31% | 12,212 | 46.76% | 765 | 2.93% |
| 1944 | 14,527 | 55.07% | 11,031 | 41.82% | 821 | 3.11% |
| 1940 | 15,187 | 52.77% | 13,257 | 46.06% | 335 | 1.16% |
| 1936 | 11,774 | 44.84% | 13,655 | 52.00% | 831 | 3.16% |
| 1932 | 11,398 | 43.90% | 13,390 | 51.58% | 1,173 | 4.52% |
| 1928 | 14,659 | 65.98% | 7,273 | 32.74% | 284 | 1.28% |
| 1924 | 11,173 | 55.10% | 7,086 | 34.95% | 2,017 | 9.95% |
| 1920 | 12,349 | 55.12% | 7,900 | 35.26% | 2,156 | 9.62% |
| 1916 | 6,059 | 43.38% | 5,827 | 41.72% | 2,081 | 14.90% |
| 1912 | 3,939 | 30.22% | 4,390 | 33.68% | 4,707 | 36.11% |
| 1908 | 7,181 | 49.42% | 5,819 | 40.05% | 1,531 | 10.54% |
| 1904 | 9,550 | 58.27% | 4,668 | 28.48% | 2,170 | 13.24% |
| 1900 | 8,832 | 57.79% | 5,312 | 34.76% | 1,140 | 7.46% |
| 1896 | 7,723 | 58.95% | 5,072 | 38.72% | 305 | 2.33% |
| 1892 | 4,916 | 52.21% | 3,590 | 38.13% | 909 | 9.65% |
| 1888 | 3,929 | 53.87% | 2,990 | 41.00% | 374 | 5.13% |

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Grant County Racial Composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (NH) | 54,500 | 81.7% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 4,566 | 6.8% |
| Native American (NH) | 157 | 0.23% |
| Asian (NH) | 524 | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 22 | 0.03% |
| Other/Mixed (NH) | 3,493 | 5.2% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 3,412 | 5% |

### 2010 United States Census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 70,061 people, 27,245 households, and 18,000 families in the county. The population density was 169.2 inhabitants per square mile (65.3/km$^2$). There were 30,443 housing units at an average density of 73.5 per square mile (28.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 88.2% white, 7.0% black or African American, 0.6% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 1.4% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.6% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 19.5% were German, 12.4% were American, 10.0% were Irish, and 9.0% were English.
Of the 27,245 households, 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age was 39.5 years.
The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $49,860. Males had a median income of $40,146 versus $28,588 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,792. About 12.0% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.0% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.

## Localities
### Cities

* Gas City
* Jonesboro
* Marion

### Towns

* Fairmount
* Fowlerton
* Matthews
* Swayzee
* Sweetser
* Upland
* Van Buren

### Census-designated places

* Herbst
* Jalapa
* Landess
* Mier
* Point Isabel
* Sims

### Unincorporated communities

* Farrville
* Friendly Corner
* Hackleman
* Hanfield
* Michaelsville
* Normal
* Radley
* Rigdon
* Roseburg
* Weaver

### Townships

* Center
* Fairmount
* Franklin
* Green
* Jefferson
* Liberty
* Mill
* Monroe
* Pleasant
* Richland
* Sims
* Van Buren
* Washington

## Education

School districts include:
* Eastbrook Community School Corporation
* Madison-Grant United School Corporation
* Marion Community Schools
* Mississinewa Community School Corporation
* Oak Hill United School Corporation