OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yal Shomal coal mine explosion

The Yal Shomal Coal Mine explosion occurred on December 18, 2012 at the Yal Shomal coal mine located 25 kilometers from the city of Tabas. This incident, caused by the accumulation and explosion of methane gas, resulted in the deaths of 8 people.

## Cause of the incident

The Yal Shomal coal mine incident in Tabas, which resulted in the death of eight workers, was caused by the accumulation of methane gas and poor ventilation, according to expert investigations. Methane gas accumulated in the mine's "Ofoq Se" section and, due to improper ventilation, reached explosive levels at the end of a drift. The mixture of this gas with oxygen eventually ignited by a spark, causing the explosion.
The incident also occurred due to the improper implementation of safety protocols. The mine's safety officer was responsible for conducting gas measurements before the workers' shift and ensuring that the methane gas level was below the standard limit before allowing workers to enter. However, it seems this procedure was not properly carried out, leading to the incident.
# 2012 Sanriku earthquake

The 2012 Sanriku earthquake (三陸沖地震, Sanriku oki jishin) occurred near the city of Kamaishi, Japan, on December 7 at 17:18 JST. The magnitude 7.3 shock generated a small tsunami, with waves up to 1 m high, that hit Ishinomaki in Miyagi Prefecture. It occurred at a depth of 36 km within the Pacific plate and was the result of reverse faulting, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the Japan Trench.

## Damage
### Tsunami

The 1 metre (3.3 ft) tsunami caused a mountain of sandbags to collapse in Ishinomaki. An old man went missing and was found dead on December 14 after he sailed out to sea to try to evacuate from the tsunami in Kuji.

### Shaking

Some pipeworks were damaged in an old people's facility in Saitama. Some boards in a roof of an elementary school in Ichikai shifted. An elderly lady died of shock at her home in Marumori, and a man died of shock after trying to evacuate from where he was working in Iitate, causing a total of 3 deaths. This earthquake also caused 14 injuries.

## Previous earthquakes in Kamaishi

In 2001 and 2008, there were a series of micro earthquakes that could have started the tectonic plate movement that triggered the 2012 Kamaishi earthquake. These small series of earthquakes were a magnitude of about 3–4.9. According to studies, the shocks moved from the outer and deeper limits into the mainshock epicenter. These small earthquakes were a precursor that began the tectonic movement for the 2012 earthquake.
# Carl Durheim

Carl Durheim, also known as Karl Durheim and Charles Durheim, (23 November 1810 – 30 January 1890) was a Swiss lithographer and an early photographer. He began working with daguerreotype in 1845 and changed to a paper printing process in 1849. Between 1852 and 1853 Durheim created a series of photos of itinerants for the Swiss police, which is the earliest remaining collection of police photography. Durheim produced many portraits of seated individuals.
Durheim was born in Bern, Switzerland. He died there on 30 January 1890.
* Lithograph of the Aargau, Solothurn, & Basel canton
* Postmortem of a Child, hand-colored daguerreotype (circa 1852)
* Lithograph of the first Federal Palace in Bern, built 1852–57, now the west wing of the Federal Palace.
* Joseph Körbler photographic portrait
# Tomohiko Nakamura

Tomohiko Nakamura (中村 友彦, Nakamura Tomohiko) is a Japanese professional vert skater. Tomohiko started skating when he was five years old in 1996 and turned professional in 2005. He has attended many competitions in his vert skating career.
Best tricks: Flatspin 540

## Competitions

* 2015 JASPA, Japan - Vert: 2nd
* 2013 AIL, Woodward West, USA - Vert: 2nd
* 2011 Euro Championships, Rotterdam, Netherlands - Vert: 4th
* 2013 JASPA, Japan - Vert: 2nd
* 2011 Asian X Games, Shanghai, China - Vert: 6th
* 2011 World Leisure Cup, Chunchon, Korea - Vert: 4th
* 2010 Asian X Games, Shanghai, China - Vert: 6th
* 2008 JAPSA, Japan - Vert: 2nd
* 2008 Asian X Games, Shanghai, China - Vert: 7th
* 2007 LG Action Sports Championships, Dallas, USA - Vert: 11th
* 2006 Asian X Games, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - Vert: 3rd
* 2005 Asian X Games, Seoul, Korea - Vert: 5th
* 2005 LG Amateur Championships, Manchester, England - Vert: 1st
* 2005 JASPA, Japan - Vert 1st
* 2004 JASPA, Japan - Vert 1st
# Perth Bridge

Perth Bridge (also known as Smeaton's Bridge, locally, the Old Bridge, and in the local dialect of Scots, the Auld Brig) is a toll-free bridge in the city of Perth, Scotland. A Category A listed structure, it spans the River Tay, connecting Perth, on the western side of the river, to Bridgend, on its eastern side, carrying both automotive and pedestrian traffic of West Bridge Street (the A85). An earlier bridge was demolished at the same location in 1621 (its location marked by a stone tablet at the bottom of the High Street), and many unsuccessful attempts were made to replace it. A subscription was started by James VI and several noblemen to help with the construction cost, but the king's death in 1625 suspended the scheme and a series of ferryboats were instead used.
The replacement bridge was completed in October 1771, which places it in the Georgian era (George Street, which leads up to the bridge from the city, was built at the same time); however, its plaque states the year in which construction began, 1766, as its "built" date. The engineer of its construction was John Smeaton, after whom the bridge is colloquially named.
Funded by Thomas Hay, 9th Earl of Kinnoull, the government, and public subscription, the bridge was put to the test three years after its completion. In February 1774, during a quick thaw, broken ice became wedged under the arches and created a natural dam. Large sections of Perth, including both of its Inches, were flooded. The bridge, however, stood firm. It has survived many subsequent floods, and marks documenting these levels are visible on one of its piers.
An increase in traffic resulted in the bridge being widened in 1869 by A.D. Stewart. Its stone parapets were removed, and footpaths projected over iron brackets.

## Gallery

* The bridge as it was before being widened in 1869
* A plaque on the bridge
* Smeaton's Bridge, with St Matthew's Church, on Tay Street, on the left, looking north from Queen's Bridge
* A view from Bridgend's East Bridge Street to West Bridge Street, which traverses the bridge
* Flood water levels of the Tay etched into the bridge's brickwork
# Ovipennis binghami

Ovipennis binghami is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1903. It is found in Myanmar.
# Lewis Merson Davies

Lewis Merson Davies FRSE RGS (21 March 1882–22 September 1955) was a soldier, geologist, palaeontologist and author. He is noted for his controversial re-awakening of anti-evolutionary debate in Britain, following the Scopes Trial of 1925 in USA. He was described as "the most knowledgeable geologist and palaeontologist in the world of creationism". Davies was an advocate of gap theory, and one of the few geologists to attempt to reconcile issues such as the geological effects of The Flood (as experienced by Noah) with contemporary geological understanding.
In geological terms he specialised in the area then known as the North-West Frontier of India (now Pakistan) and greatly increased the understanding of the Tertiary fauna.

## Life

He was born in Nagpur in India in 1882 into a British "army family". He began his life as a career soldier, joining the Royal Artillery in 1899 in Britain and returning to join the Indian Army with them in 1907.
In the First World War he had a distinguished record, rising to the rank of Lt Colonel in the Royal Artillery as part of the East Africa Campaign. He was Mentioned in Dispatches and won the Croix de Guerre.
After the war, he began writing, mainly on topics concerning Christianity in a scientific world, which linked to his great interest in fossils. His main focus remained the dilemma between Christian beliefs and evolutionary theory, picking up from the Victorian theories of Philip Henry Gosse. In 1930, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Ritchie, Murray Macgregor, James Ernest Richey, and Thomas James Jehu. In 1932 he co-founded the Evolution Protest Movement with Douglas Dewar, Bernard Acworth and John Ambrose Fleming (jointly known as the Acworth Circle).
He officially remained in the army until 1933. He then attended University aged 50, graduating with an MA degree from the University of Edinburgh in 1934, going on to receive both a PhD (1938) and DSc (1941).
In the Second World War, he oversaw anti-aircraft batteries involved in coastal defence in the Firth of Forth.
He died in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 22 September 1955 and was buried with his wife, Gwyneth May Davies LRAM (1890–1980) in Grange Cemetery. The grave lies in the modern south-west extension, facing north on the upper section.
The 1976 BBC drama Where Adam Stood parallels his beliefs and dilemmas.

## Publications

See
* The Credentials of Jesus (1924)
* The Significance of Modernism (1927)
* The Fossil Fauna of the Samana Range (1930)
* Scientific Discoveries and Their Bearing on the Biblical Account of the Noachian Deluge (1930) (Langhorne Orchard Prize Essay)
* The Dogma of Continuity, The Root of Modernism (1932)
* Tertiary Echinoidea of the Kohat-Potwar Basin (1942)
* Joseph Needham and the Regnum Dei (1943)
* Evolutionists Under Fire (1944)
* Is Evolution a Myth? (1949)
* The Bible and Modern Science (1953)
* The BBC Abuses Its Monopoly
# 2012 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships

The 2012 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships (also known as the Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 37th edition of the Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, United States, from July 9 through July 15, 2012. John Isner won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

John Isner defeated Lleyton Hewitt, 7–6$^{(7–1)}$, 6–4

### Doubles

Santiago González / Scott Lipsky defeated Colin Fleming / Ross Hutchins, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–3

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | John Isner | 10 | 1 |
| JPN | Kei Nishikori | 20 | 2 |
| CAN | Milos Raonic | 22 | 3 |
| UZB | Denis Istomin | 39 | 4 |
| RUS | Alex Bogomolov Jr. | 46 | 5 |
| USA | Ryan Harrison | 48 | 6 |
| USA | Donald Young | 51 | 7 |
| LUX | Gilles Müller | 53 | 8 |
* $^1$ Seedings are based on the rankings of June 25, 2012

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Ryan Harrison
* Lleyton Hewitt
* Jack Sock
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Benjamin Becker
* Sergey Bubka
* Tim Smyczek
* Izak van der Merwe

### Withdrawals

* Benjamin Becker (shoulder injury)

## Doubles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Bob Bryan | USA | Mike Bryan | 6 | 1 |
| GBR | Colin Fleming | GBR | Ross Hutchins | 53 | 2 |
| MEX | Santiago González | USA | Scott Lipsky | 72 | 3 |
| USA | James Cerretani | AUS | Matthew Ebden | 111 | 4 |
| CZE | Lukáš Dlouhý | FRA | Nicolas Mahut | 134 | 5 |
* Rankings are as of June 25, 2012

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
* Chris Guccione / Lleyton Hewitt
* Steve Johnson / Denis Kudla
The following pair received entry as alternates:
* Raven Klaasen / Izak van der Merwe

### Withdrawals

* Benjamin Becker (shoulder injury)
# Print Audit

Print Audit is a private company that provides print tracking and copy auditing tools to office equipment dealers and end-users. The company's main software product is Print Audit 6.
In addition to its headquarters in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, the company has offices in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia and Latin America.

## History

The company was co-founded in December 1999 by John MacInnes to create products that could help companies recover the costs associated with photocopying. Over the next ten years, the company developed print and photocopying products to track, analyze and control the printing patterns of organizations. The company asserts that to date it has installed print management software on 2 million workstations worldwide.

## Products
### Print Management Products

| Print Audit 6 | a suite of three client based print management software modules (Analysis, Rules and Recovery) that allow organizations to track, manage and reduce their printing |
| Copy Audit Numeric | allows professional service firms to track walk-up photocopying costs |
| Copy Audit Touch | allows users to track walk-up photocopying costs, consisting of flexible software and hardware combinations |
| Print Audit Embedded | allows users to track and charge for walk-up copying, faxing, scanning and server printing without external hardware |
| Print Audit Secure | allows users to release their print jobs at any device with their smartphone or a web-enabled computer.. |

### Dealer Sales Tools

| Print Audit Assessor | provides office equipment dealers with short-term print tracking capability to conduct assessment of client print environments |
| Print Audit Infinite Device Management | allows office equipment dealers to manage fleets of copiers, printers, fax machines and multi-function devices |
| Print Audit Rapid Assessment Key | a USB device that collects print data on networked imaging devices without installing hardware or software |

## Awards and recognition

* 2012 U.S. Military Certificate of Networthiness
# 2012 Coleman Vision Tennis Championships

The 2012 Coleman Vision Tennis Championships was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States on September 17–23, 2012.

## WTA entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| ROU | Edina Gallovits-Hall | 114 | 1 |
| POR | Michelle Larcher de Brito | 120 | 2 |
| USA | Lauren Davis | 129 | 3 |
| AUS | Anastasia Rodionova | 130 | 4 |
| USA | Irina Falconi | 147 | 5 |
| USA | Alison Riske | 150 | 6 |
| CAN | Heidi El Tabakh | 164 | 7 |
| USA | Jessica Pegula | 165 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of September 10, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Jennifer Elie
* Irina Falconi
* Asia Muhammad
* Allie Will
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Jan Abaza
* María Fernanda Álvarez Terán
* Adriana Pérez
* Sachia Vickery

## Champions
### Singles

* Maria Sanchez def. Lauren Davis, 6–1, 6–1

### Doubles

* Asia Muhammad / Yasmin Schnack def. Irina Falconi / Maria Sanchez, 6–2, 1–6, [12–10]
# Progress M-65

Progress M-65 (Russian: Прогресс М-65), identified by NASA as Progress 30P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 365.

## Launch

Progress M-65 was launched by a Soyuz-U carrier rocket from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Launch occurred at 19:50 UTC on 10 September 2008.

## Docking

The spacecraft docked with the aft port of the Zvezda module at 18:43 UTC on 17 September 2008. Docking had originally been scheduled for 21:01 GMT on 12 September 2008, but was delayed after Hurricane Ike forced NASA to close the Johnson Space Center, which houses the US mission control centre for the ISS. A backup facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center was used during the docking. Following undocking at 16:19 UTC on 15 November 2008, it conducted a Plazma-Progress experiment. It was deorbited on 8 December 2008, with the 142 second deorbit burn beginning at 08:02 UTC. The spacecraft burned up in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean, with any remaining debris landing in the ocean at around 08:49 UTC.

## Cargo

Progress M-65 carried supplies to the International Space Station, including food, water and oxygen for the crew and equipment for conducting scientific research. It also carried a new Orlan-MK spacesuit to replace one of the older Orlan-M suits previously used for EVAs from the station.
# Prophet (Better Watch It)

"Prophet (Better Watch It)" is the debut single released by British hip hop duo Rizzle Kicks, from their debut studio album, Stereo Typical. The single was released on 14 May 2011, in the United Kingdom. A music video to accompany the release was uploaded to YouTube on 2 April 2011, at a total length of three minutes and forty-nine seconds. It features the pair performing in a trance-like state whilst on a beach. The duo performed the song live for the first time on T4 on 2 June 2011. The single was a commercial flop, and as such, "Down with the Trumpets" is widely regarded as the group's debut and breakthrough single.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC) | 17 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United Kingdom | 14 May 2011 | digital download | Universal Island Records |
# Pro Recco (women)

A.S. Pro Recco (femminile) is an Italian professional women's water polo team from Recco representing male powerhouse Pro Recco in Serie A Femminile.

## History
### Rapallo

Founded in 1971 in Rapallo as ASD Rapallo Nuoto, it plays in Serie A since 2007. In 2011 Rapallo was the championship's runner-up, qualifying for the European Cup, and won the LEN Trophy beating Het Ravijn in the final.

### Pro Recco

Following this success the team was relocated to nearby Recco to become Pro Recco's women's team.
As Pro Recco the team won the European Super God National Lampoon Cup beating CN Sabadell The new season saw the team win both the Serie A and the European Cup, beating Orizzonte Catania and NC Vouliagmeni in the latter's Final Four.

## Honours

* LEN Champions' Cup
** 2012
* LEN Trophy
** 2011
* LEN Super Cup
** 2011
* Serie A
** 2012
# 2012 FSP Gold River Women's Challenger

The 2012 FSP Gold River Women's Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Sacramento, California, United States between 28 May and 3 June 2012.

## WTA entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| RUS | Elena Bovina | 243 | 1 |
| USA | Ashley Weinhold | 265 | 2 |
| CAN | Marie-Ève Pelletier | 280 | 3 |
| USA | Maria Sanchez | 283 | 4 |
| USA | Jessica Pegula | 290 | 5 |
| VEN | Adriana Pérez | 301 | 6 |
| RUS | Valeria Solovieva | 316 | 7 |
| VEN | Gabriela Paz | 323 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of May 21, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Gabrielle Andrews
* Elizabeth Lumpkin
* Breanna Alexa Bachini
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Mary Closs
* Tatsiana Kapshay
* Tori Kinard
* Elizabeth Profit

## Champions
### Singles

* Maria Sanchez def. Jessica Pegula, 4–6, 6–3, 6–1

### Doubles

* Asia Muhammad / Yasmin Schnack def. Kaitlyn Christian / Maria Sanchez, 6–3, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$
# 2012 Family Circle Cup

The 2012 Family Circle Cup was a women's tennis event in the 2012 WTA Tour. It took place from March 31 to April 8, 2012. It was the 40th edition of the tournament and a Premier level tournament. The event was hosted at the Family Circle Tennis Center, on Daniel Island, Charleston, South Carolina, United States. It was the only event of the clay courts season played on green clay. The total prize money offered at this tournament was US$749,160

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Ranking$^1$ | Seed |
| POL | Agnieszka Radwańska | 4 | 1 |
| AUS | Samantha Stosur | 5 | 2 |
| FRA | Marion Bartoli | 7 | 3 |
| RUS | Vera Zvonareva | 9 | 4 |
| USA | Serena Williams | 11 | 5 |
| GER | Sabine Lisicki | 13 | 6 |
| SRB | Jelena Janković | 15 | 7 |
| RUS | Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova | 21 | 8 |
| CZE | Lucie Šafářová | 25 | 9 |
| ESP | Anabel Medina Garrigues | 27 | 10 |
| USA | Christina McHale | 32 | 11 |
| BEL | Yanina Wickmayer | 33 | 12 |
| RUS | Nadia Petrova | 35 | 13 |
| SLO | Polona Hercog | 38 | 14 |
| RSA | Chanelle Scheepers | 42 | 15 |
| AUS | Jarmila Gajdošová | 45 | 16 |
| NZL | Marina Erakovic | 49 | 17 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of March 19, 2012

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the main draw:
* Irina Falconi
* Jamie Hampton
* Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova
* Venus Williams
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Akgul Amanmuradova
* Iveta Benešová
* Jill Craybas
* Melinda Czink
* Mariana Duque-Mariño
* Camila Giorgi
* Mirjana Lučić
* Paula Ormaechea
* Melanie Oudin
* Karolína Plíšková
* Yaroslava Shvedova
* Stefanie Vögele
The following players received entry as lucky losers:
* Chan Yung-jan
* Andrea Hlaváčková

### Withdrawals

* Irina-Camelia Begu (right elbow injury)
* Julia Görges (illness)
* Zheng Jie (low back injury)
* Ayumi Morita
* Agnieszka Radwańska (back injury)
* Peng Shuai (right shoulder injury)

### Retirements

* Jelena Dokić
* Sabine Lisicki (left ankle injury)

## Doubles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Liezel Huber | USA | Lisa Raymond | 3 | 1 |
| CZE | Květa Peschke | SLO | Katarina Srebotnik | 7 | 2 |
| IND | Sania Mirza | RUS | Elena Vesnina | 15 | 3 |
| CZE | Andrea Hlaváčková | CZE | Lucie Hradecká | 19 | 4 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of March 19, 2012

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
* Emily J. Harman / Simone Kalhorn
* Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova / Lucie Šafářová

## Finals
### Singles

* Serena Williams defeated Lucie Šafářová 6–0, 6–1.
It was Serena's 40th career singles title and her 4th overall on clay.

### Doubles

* Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova / Lucie Šafářová defeated Anabel Medina Garrigues / Yaroslava Shvedova, 5–7, 6–4, [10–6]
# Roy Anthony Bridge

Roy Anthony (Tony) Bridge, OBE (4 February 1921 – 13 December 2000) was a Jamaican member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Bridge was active in sport from 1947 until his death in 2000. He was appointed to the International Olympic Committee IOC in 1973, and was the eighth most senior member at the time of his death. He also represented the West Indies Federation at the 1960 Summer Olympics and Jamaica at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

Bridge was born 4 February 1921 in Kingston, Jamaica. He attended Wolmer's School in Kingston. Upon graduation he joined the Jamaican Civil Service and eventually joined his father at Novelty Trading Company, which imported books and magazines into the island. He rose to the position of Managing Director.

## Sport

His involvement in sport was wide-ranging and included terms as the vice president of the Jamaica Boxing Board of Control (1947–62), President of the Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association (1958–77), Vice President of the Jamaica Rifle Association (1960–62), first vocal of the Pan American Sports Organization (1971–75), and the Vice Chairman of the Commonwealth Games Federation (1974–1982).
Along with Sir Herbert Macdonald, Bridge was instrumental in organising the 1966 Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. This led to his interest in the Olympics and his eventual election to the IOC in 1973 at the 74th session of the IOC in Varna, Bulgaria. At that meeting four new members of the IOC were elected: Mr. Roy Anthony (Tony) Bridge for Jamaica, Mr. Manuel Gonzales Guerra for Cuba, Mr. Ashwini Kumar for India, Mr. Keba M'Baye for Senegal.