# 1974 California gubernatorial election

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vte :
The 1974 California gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1974. The primary elections occurred on June 4, 1974. Incumbent Governor and former actor Ronald Reagan retired after two terms. Democratic Secretary of State Jerry Brown, son of former Governor Pat Brown, defeated Republican Controller Houston I. Flournoy in the general election. This is the first election since 1958 to not feature a Republican candidate that went on to become a U.S. president. With Brown’s election, California had a Democratic Governor and two Democratic Senators (John V. Tunney and Alan Cranston) for the first time since the Civil War. This is the earliest California gubernatorial election to feature a major party candidate who is still alive as of 2025.

## Background

For the first time since 1958, the incumbent governor of California (in this case, Ronald Reagan) was not running for reelection, in either the primary or general election. This led to a pair of hotly contested primary elections. On the Republican side, Lieutenant Governor Edwin Reinecke ran against State Controller Houston I. Flournoy. The moderate Flournoy won a surprisingly easy victory over the more conservative Reinecke. On the Democratic side, there were numerous contenders for the nomination, including Secretary of State (and son of former Governor Pat Brown) Jerry Brown, Assembly Speaker Bob Moretti, and the mayor of San Francisco, Joseph Alioto. Brown ultimately won the primary, easily outdistancing his nearest rival Alioto.
Brown had statewide name recognition, benefited from the fact Democrats outnumbered Republicans in California, and maintained a lead in most of the early polls. Flournoy began to gain in the polls as the election approached, but Brown won, although by a much smaller margin than predicted. Coincidentally, when Brown ran for Secretary of State four years earlier, he defeated James Flournoy – no relation to Houston – in a very close election.

## Primary results
### Democratic Party

Democratic primary results :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Edmund G. Brown Jr. | 1,085,752 | 37.86% |
| | Democratic | Joseph Alioto | 544,007 | 18.97% |
| | Democratic | Bob Moretti | 478,469 | 16.68% |
| | Democratic | William M. Roth | 293,686 | 10.24% |
| | Democratic | Jerome R. Waldie | 227,489 | 7.93% |
| | Democratic | Baxter Ward | 79,745 | 2.78% |
| | Democratic | Herbert Hafif | 77,505 | 2.70% |
| | Democratic | Alex A. Aloia | 18,400 | 0.64% |
| | Democratic | Conie R. Robertson | 11,493 | 0.40% |
| | Democratic | George Henry Wagner | 8,955 | 0.31% |
| | Democratic | Jim Wedworth | 7,973 | 0.28% |
| | Democratic | Joseph Francis Brouillette | 7,906 | 0.28% |
| | Democratic | John Hancock Abbott | 6,961 | 0.24% |
| | Democratic | Josephum S. Ramos | 6,721 | 0.23% |
| | Democratic | Eileen Anderson | 6,666 | 0.23% |
| | Democratic | Chris Musun | 3,495 | 0.12% |
| | Democratic | Russ Priebe | 1,427 | 0.05% |
| | Democratic | Scattering | 1,349 | 0.05% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 2,867,999 | 100.00% |

### Republican Party

Republican primary results :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Houston I. Flournoy | 1,164,015 | 62.96% |
| | Republican | Ed Reinecke | 556,259 | 30.09% |
| | Republican | James Ware | 36,784 | 1.99% |
| | Republican | Glenn Mitchel | 31,518 | 1.70% |
| | Republican | J. F. Stay | 29,297 | 1.58% |
| | Republican | William Nelson | 22,597 | 1.22% |
| | Republican | Scattering | 8,355 | 0.45% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 1,848,825 | 100.00% |

### American Independent Party

American Independent primary results :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | American Independent | Edmon V. Kasier | 12,408 | 95.15% |
| | American Independent | Scattering | 633 | 4.85% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 13,041 | 100.00% |

### Peace and Freedom Party

Peace and Freedom primary results :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Peace and Freedom | Elizabeth Keathley | 2,111 | 28.06% |
| | Peace and Freedom | Lester Higby | 1,855 | 24.65% |
| | Peace and Freedom | C. T. Weber | 1,822 | 24.22% |
| | Peace and Freedom | Trudy Saposhnek | 1,417 | 18.83% |
| | Peace and Freedom | Scattering | 319 | 4.24% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 7,524 | 100.00% |

## General election results

1974 California gubernatorial election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Edmund G. Brown Jr. | 3,131,648 | 50.12% | +4.98% |
| | Republican | Houston I. Flournoy | 2,952,954 | 47.26% | −5.57% |
| | American Independent | Edmon V. Kaiser | 83,869 | 1.34% | +0.33% |
| | Peace and Freedom | Elizabeth Keathley | 75,004 | 1.20% | +0.19% |
| | | Scattering | 4,595 | 0.07% | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 178,694 | 2.86% | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,248,070 | 100.00% | |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Swing | +10.56% | |

### Results by county

| County | Edmund G. Brown Jr. Democratic | Edmund G. Brown Jr. Democratic | Houston I. Flournoy Republican | Houston I. Flournoy Republican | Edmon V. Kaiser American Independent | Edmon V. Kaiser American Independent | Elizabeth Keathley Peace & Freedom | Elizabeth Keathley Peace & Freedom | Margin | Margin | Total votes cast |
| County | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | Total votes cast |
| Alameda | 200,165 | 60.15% | 123,656 | 37.16% | 3,588 | 1.08% | 5,341 | 1.61% | 76,509 | 22.99% | 332,750 |
| Alpine | 185 | 44.90% | 212 | 51.46% | 5 | 1.21% | 10 | 2.43% | -27 | -6.55% | 412 |
| Amador | 3,198 | 46.48% | 3,483 | 50.63% | 141 | 2.05% | 58 | 0.84% | -285 | -4.14% | 6,880 |
| Butte | 17,007 | 41.47% | 22,499 | 54.86% | 859 | 2.09% | 643 | 1.57% | -5,492 | -13.39% | 41,008 |
| Calaveras | 2,702 | 41.25% | 3,709 | 56.63% | 87 | 1.33% | 52 | 0.79% | -1,007 | -15.37% | 6,550 |
| Colusa | 1,884 | 42.16% | 2,503 | 56.01% | 54 | 1.21% | 28 | 0.63% | -619 | -13.85% | 4,469 |
| Contra Costa | 97,038 | 48.31% | 99,470 | 49.52% | 2,372 | 1.18% | 1,975 | 0.98% | -2,432 | -1.21% | 200,855 |
| Del Norte | 2,149 | 51.60% | 1,921 | 46.12% | 54 | 1.30% | 41 | 0.98% | 228 | 5.47% | 4,165 |
| El Dorado | 8,076 | 46.09% | 8,922 | 50.92% | 342 | 1.95% | 183 | 1.04% | -846 | -4.83% | 17,523 |
| Fresno | 61,596 | 52.41% | 53,308 | 45.36% | 1,337 | 1.14% | 1,277 | 1.09% | 8,288 | 7.05% | 117,518 |
| Glenn | 2,645 | 40.86% | 3,675 | 56.77% | 115 | 1.78% | 39 | 0.60% | -1,030 | -15.91% | 6,474 |
| Humboldt | 22,805 | 58.66% | 14,958 | 38.48% | 319 | 0.82% | 792 | 2.04% | 7,847 | 20.19% | 38,875 |
| Imperial | 9,033 | 49.04% | 9,011 | 48.92% | 203 | 1.10% | 171 | 0.93% | 22 | 0.12% | 18,418 |
| Inyo | 2,417 | 41.54% | 3,238 | 55.65% | 106 | 1.82% | 58 | 1.00% | -821 | -14.11% | 5,819 |
| Kern | 44,828 | 48.29% | 45,775 | 49.31% | 1,616 | 1.74% | 621 | 0.67% | -947 | -1.02% | 92,840 |
| Kings | 7,444 | 52.11% | 6,540 | 45.78% | 163 | 1.14% | 138 | 0.97% | 904 | 6.33% | 14,285 |
| Lake | 4,733 | 45.71% | 5,381 | 51.97% | 159 | 1.54% | 81 | 0.78% | -648 | -6.26% | 10,354 |
| Lassen | 3,111 | 57.13% | 2,165 | 39.76% | 117 | 2.15% | 52 | 0.96% | 946 | 17.37% | 5,445 |
| Los Angeles | 1,059,533 | 52.84% | 898,808 | 44.82% | 24,601 | 1.23% | 22,223 | 1.11% | 160,725 | 8.02% | 2,005,165 |
| Madera | 5,584 | 51.17% | 5,137 | 47.08% | 124 | 1.14% | 67 | 0.61% | 447 | 4.10% | 10,912 |
| Marin | 36,384 | 45.84% | 40,619 | 51.18% | 905 | 1.14% | 1,456 | 1.83% | -4,235 | -5.34% | 79,364 |
| Mariposa | 1,658 | 45.28% | 1,893 | 51.69% | 66 | 1.80% | 45 | 1.23% | -235 | -6.42% | 3,662 |
| Mendocino | 9,158 | 50.31% | 8,373 | 46.00% | 312 | 1.71% | 360 | 1.98% | 785 | 4.31% | 18,203 |
| Merced | 12,779 | 51.89% | 11,339 | 46.05% | 318 | 1.29% | 189 | 0.77% | 1,440 | 5.85% | 24,625 |
| Modoc | 1,395 | 44.16% | 1,705 | 53.97% | 41 | 1.30% | 18 | 0.57% | -310 | -9.81% | 3,159 |
| Mono | 817 | 39.45% | 1,161 | 56.06% | 55 | 2.66% | 38 | 1.83% | -344 | -16.61% | 2,071 |
| Monterey | 28,832 | 46.09% | 32,218 | 51.50% | 748 | 1.20% | 764 | 1.22% | -3,386 | -5.41% | 62,562 |
| Napa | 15,200 | 47.44% | 16,048 | 50.09% | 441 | 1.38% | 350 | 1.09% | -848 | -2.65% | 32,039 |
| Nevada | 5,225 | 41.00% | 7,101 | 55.72% | 249 | 1.95% | 169 | 1.33% | -1,876 | -14.72% | 12,744 |
| Orange | 212,638 | 40.60% | 297,870 | 56.87% | 8,198 | 1.57% | 5,090 | 0.97% | -85,232 | -16.27% | 523,796 |
| Placer | 15,744 | 50.50% | 14,510 | 46.54% | 566 | 1.82% | 358 | 1.15% | 1,234 | 3.96% | 31,178 |
| Plumas | 3,031 | 55.77% | 2,279 | 41.93% | 66 | 1.21% | 59 | 1.09% | 752 | 13.84% | 5,435 |
| Riverside | 70,515 | 47.93% | 73,102 | 49.69% | 2,115 | 1.44% | 1,374 | 0.93% | -2,587 | -1.76% | 147,106 |
| Sacramento | 117,711 | 51.62% | 104,595 | 45.86% | 2,812 | 1.23% | 2,934 | 1.29% | 13,116 | 5.75% | 228,052 |
| San Benito | 2,722 | 45.05% | 3,199 | 52.95% | 60 | 0.99% | 61 | 1.01% | -477 | -7.89% | 6,042 |
| San Bernardino | 87,133 | 49.85% | 82,611 | 47.27% | 3,624 | 2.07% | 1,413 | 0.81% | 4,522 | 2.59% | 174,782 |
| San Diego | 196,930 | 42.82% | 249,444 | 54.24% | 7,999 | 1.74% | 5,501 | 1.20% | -52,514 | -11.42% | 459,874 |
| San Francisco | 136,896 | 61.81% | 78,759 | 35.56% | 1,806 | 0.82% | 4,009 | 1.81% | 58,137 | 26.25% | 221,470 |
| San Joaquin | 38,429 | 45.69% | 43,744 | 52.01% | 1,284 | 1.53% | 643 | 0.76% | -5,315 | -6.32% | 84,100 |
| San Luis Obispo | 19,429 | 47.82% | 20,300 | 49.96% | 394 | 0.97% | 510 | 1.26% | -871 | -2.14% | 40,633 |
| San Mateo | 91,808 | 49.62% | 88,235 | 47.69% | 2,622 | 1.42% | 2,361 | 1.28% | 3,573 | 1.93% | 185,026 |
| Santa Barbara | 42,221 | 45.99% | 47,263 | 51.48% | 854 | 0.93% | 1,470 | 1.60% | -5,042 | -5.49% | 91,808 |
| Santa Clara | 166,760 | 50.63% | 153,761 | 46.69% | 4,628 | 1.41% | 4,201 | 1.28% | 12,999 | 3.95% | 329,350 |
| Santa Cruz | 28,600 | 48.67% | 27,750 | 47.23% | 822 | 1.40% | 1,587 | 2.70% | 850 | 1.45% | 58,789 |
| Shasta | 15,764 | 55.51% | 11,716 | 41.25% | 637 | 2.24% | 284 | 1.00% | 4,048 | 14.25% | 28,401 |
| Sierra | 629 | 52.99% | 513 | 43.22% | 26 | 2.19% | 19 | 1.60% | 116 | 9.77% | 1,187 |
| Siskiyou | 6,515 | 53.93% | 5,229 | 43.28% | 201 | 1.66% | 136 | 1.13% | 1,286 | 10.64% | 12,081 |
| Solano | 24,955 | 54.43% | 19,524 | 42.58% | 591 | 1.29% | 781 | 1.70% | 5,431 | 11.84% | 45,851 |
| Sonoma | 40,756 | 48.48% | 40,339 | 47.98% | 1,077 | 1.28% | 1,898 | 2.26% | 417 | 0.50% | 84,070 |
| Stanislaus | 27,931 | 47.97% | 29,186 | 50.13% | 673 | 1.16% | 430 | 0.74% | -1,255 | -2.16% | 58,220 |
| Sutter | 5,141 | 39.32% | 7,642 | 58.45% | 182 | 1.39% | 110 | 0.84% | -2,501 | -19.13% | 13,075 |
| Tehama | 5,618 | 49.73% | 5,373 | 47.56% | 219 | 1.94% | 87 | 0.77% | 245 | 2.17% | 11,297 |
| Trinity | 1,762 | 51.24% | 1,519 | 44.17% | 104 | 3.02% | 54 | 1.57% | 243 | 7.07% | 3,439 |
| Tulare | 20,589 | 44.93% | 24,103 | 52.60% | 692 | 1.51% | 440 | 0.96% | -3,514 | -7.67% | 45,824 |
| Tuolumne | 4,165 | 40.16% | 5,952 | 57.39% | 162 | 1.56% | 93 | 0.90% | -1,787 | -17.23% | 10,372 |
| Ventura | 56,189 | 47.20% | 60,122 | 50.50% | 1,554 | 1.31% | 1,184 | 0.99% | -3,933 | -3.30% | 119,049 |
| Yolo | 18,249 | 54.00% | 14,734 | 43.60% | 230 | 0.68% | 579 | 1.71% | 3,515 | 10.40% | 33,792 |
| Yuba | 5,237 | 51.04% | 4,752 | 46.32% | 173 | 1.69% | 98 | 0.96% | 485 | 4.73% | 10,260 |
| Total | 3,131,648 | 50.12% | 2,952,954 | 47.26% | 83,869 | 1.34% | 75,004 | 1.20% | 178,694 | 2.86% | 6,248,070 |

#### Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

* Del Norte
* Humboldt
* Imperial
* Los Angeles
* Mendocino
* Merced
* Placer
* San Bernardino
* San Mateo
* Santa Clara
* Santa Cruz
* Siskiyou
* Solano
* Sonoma
* Tehama
* Trinity
* Yuba

#### Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

* Stanislaus