OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# December 2022 Miranshah suicide bombing

On 14 December 2022, a suspected suicide bomber blew himself up in Miranshah, North Waziristan, killing at least three people and injuring five.
# Duryard

Duryard is an ancient area of Exeter in Devon, England. Duryard was once the hunting land of the Anglo-Saxon kings. The name comes from the Anglo-Saxon dear (deer) and geard (fold). Today, much of the area is occupied by the University of Exeter, which has a hall of residence named Duryard.
# Bob Shennan

Robert Duncan James "Bob" Shennan (born 18 March 1962, Wirral, Cheshire) is a British media executive, who was most recently Director of Audio at BBC Studios. He was appointed to the role in April 2022, having previously held the positions of director, BBC Radio and Music, controller of BBC Radio 2 and BBC Radio 6 Music, and group managing director of the BBC. After 36 years, Shennan left the BBC in January 2023.

## Early life

He was educated at Lancaster Royal Grammar School and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.

## Career

Shennan has been a senior executive in radio and television for a number of years. He started as a journalist at Hereward Radio in Peterborough from 1984 to 1987. He joined BBC Sport in 1987 as a trainee radio sport producer and was part of the team that founded BBC Radio Five Live. After working as head of BBC Sport where he had overall responsibility for sports coverage on BBC radio and television, he was appointed head of BBC Radio 5 Live in 2000. As the network's controller he oversaw the launch of BBC Radio Five Live Sports Extra in 2002, and also took over as controller of the BBC Asian Network in 2004. Shennan took over as director, BBC Radio and Music, in October 2016, and became group managing director of the BBC in March 2019.

### BBC Radio 2

Shennan took over the position of station controller in February 2009 from Lesley Douglas, who resigned in October 2008 following The Russell Brand Show prank calls.
He is also a fellow of the Radio Academy.

## Personal life

Shennan supports Liverpool F.C.
# Bir al-Maksur

Bir al-Maksur or Beer el-Maksura (Arabic: بئر المكسور; Hebrew: בִּיר אל-מַכְּסוּר) is an Arab Bedouin local council in the Northern District of Israel located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-west of Nazareth. In 2022 its population was 10,175. The villagers belong to the Arab el-Hujeirat Bedouin tribe, settled there in the 1950s.

## History and archaeology

Flint from the Mousterian culture, made with the Levallois technique, in addition to remains from Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and B have been found during excavations.
Sherds from Iron age I, and possibly Iron age II have also been found.
A burial cave, with ceramics and artefacts dating to the late Roman period, that is, 3rd–4th centuries CE, has been unearthed.
In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine noted at Kh. el Maksur: "Heaps of stones."

## Notable people

* Mohammad Ghadir (born 1991), professional football player who plays for Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv F.C.
# 1940 Wansbeck by-election

The 1940 Wansbeck by-election was a by-election held in England on 22 July 1940 for the House of Commons constituency of Wansbeck in Northumberland.

## Vacancy

The seat became vacant when the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Bernard Cruddas resigned from the House of Commons on 12 July 1940. He had held the seat since the 1931 general election.

## Results

The Conservative candidate, Robert Scott, was returned unopposed. He represented the constituency until his defeat at the 1945 general election.
# Fabresema gerardi

Fabresema gerardi is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1979. It is found in New Caledonia.
# Chenar, Kalat

Chenar (Persian: چنار) is a city in Zavin District of Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, Chenar's population was 3,566 in 709 households, when it was a village in Zavin Rural District). The following census in 2011 counted 3,509 people in 815 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 3,597 people in 943 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
After the census, Chenar was elevated to the status of a city.
# Qingshuihe explosion

Qingshuihe explosion (清水河大爆炸) is a chemical explosion occurred in Qingshuihe Subdistrict, Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China on August 5, 1993. It's the second largest chemical explosion accident since the end of World War II.

## Incident

The first explosion occurred from an ammonium nitrate warehouse at 13:30, August 5, 1993, and it finally became a big fire. Even people in Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong were able to see the smoke.
# Mount Sinsing

Mount Sinsing (Malay: Gunung Sinsing) is a mountain in the West Coast Division of Sabah, Malaysia. It is the country's 3rd-highest peak, at 2,603 metres (8,540 ft).
# 1900 Prince Edward Island general election

The 1900 Prince Edward Island general election was held in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island on December 12, 1900.
The election was won by the governing Liberals, led by incumbent Premier Donald Farquharson. Farquharson would later give up his office in 1901 to run successfully for federal office. He was succeeded by Arthur Peters, who previously served as the province's Attorney General.
The opposition Conservatives, led by Daniel Gordon, lost two seats. This was Gordon's final election before stepping down as Conservative leader in 1903 - he was succeeded by John A. Mathieson

## Party standings

| Party | Party | Party Leader | Seats | Seats | Popular Vote | Popular Vote |
| Party | Party | Party Leader | 1898 | Elected | # | % |
| | Liberal | Donald Farquharson | 19 | 22 | 16,916 | 53.5% |
| | Conservative | Daniel Gordon | 11 | 8 | 14,699 | 46.5% |

## Members Elected

The Legislature of Prince Edward Island had two levels of membership from 1893 to 1996 - Assemblymen and Councillors. This was a holdover from when the Island had a bicameral legislature, the General Assembly and the Legislative Council.
In 1893, the Legislative Council was abolished and had its membership merged with the Assembly, though the two titles remained separate and were elected by different electoral franchises. Assembleymen were elected by all eligible voters of within a district, while Councillors were only elected by landowners within a district.

### Kings

| District | Assemblyman | Party | Councillor | Party |
| 1st Kings | John McLean | Conservative | John Kickham | Conservative |
| 2nd Kings | Arthur Peters | Liberal | Anthony McLaughlin | Liberal |
| 3rd Kings | Malcolm MacDonald | Liberal Conservative | James E. MacDonald | Conservative |
| 4th Kings | John A. Mathieson | Conservative | Alexander F. Bruce Murdock MacKinnon (1900) | Liberal Conservative |
| 5th Kings | Archibald J. MacDonald | Conservative | Daniel Gordon | Conservative |

### Prince

| District | Assemblyman | Party | Councillor | Party |
| 1st Prince | Benjamin Rogers | Liberal | Benjamin Gallant | Liberal |
| 2nd Prince | James W. Richards | Liberal | Alfred McWilliams | Liberal |
| 3rd Prince | Joseph F. Arsenault | Conservative | Peter MacNutt | Liberal |
| 4th Prince | Samuel E. Reid | Liberal | Joseph Read | Liberal |
| 5th Prince | George Godkin | Liberal | Robert C. McLeod | Liberal |

### Queens

| District | Assemblyman | Party | Councillor | Party |
| 1st Queens | Matthew Smith | Liberal | George Simpson | Liberal |
| 2nd Queens | Edward Douglas | Liberal | Donald Farquharson | Liberal |
| 3rd Queens | H. James Palmer | Liberal | James H. Cummiskey | Liberal |
| 4th Queens | David P. Irving | Liberal | George Forbes | Liberal |
| 5th Queens | John F. Whear | Liberal | George E. Hughes | Liberal |

## Sources

* ↑ "Provincial General Election Results, 1900" (PDF). Elections PEI. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2015.
* ↑ Fred Driscoll. "History and Politics of Prince Edward Island" (PDF). Canadian Parliamentary Review.
* ↑ election appealed
# Samuel M. Janney

Samuel McPherson Janney (January 11, 1801 – April 30, 1880) was an American Quaker minister, educator, author, abolitionist, and a relative of philanthropist Johns Hopkins. Janney was an influential advocate for the abolition of slavery and worked to improve education for African Americans and Native Americans. Samuel McPherson Janney was born on January 11, 1801, in Loudoun County, Virginia, to Abijah Janney and Jane Janney, both members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). On November 12, 1823, at the age of 22, Janney married his cousin, Elizabeth Hopkins Janney, at Goose Creek Meeting House in Lincoln, Virginia.
Janney devoted his life to education and social reform. In 1839, he founded Springdale Boarding School for Girls in Loudoun County. The school emphasized education and intellectual growth in the Quaker tradition. He also wrote several theological works and histories, including The Life of William Penn (1851) and History of the Religious Society of Friends from Its Rise to the Year 1828 (1860).
A prominent abolitionist, Janney condemned slavery in his writings, arguing that it was morally and socially unjust. In 1849, Janney wrote three anti-slavery essays in rebuttal to Methodist Reverend William A. Smith's pro-slavery speech that landed him in Loudoun County Court. Janney was free of all charges after spending several months in court. He supported gradual emancipation and efforts to improve the lives of freed African Americans. Janney also worked alongside Native Americans as Superintendent of Indian Affairs from 1869 to 1871. He was appointed to this position by Ulysses S. Grant, where he promoted peaceful relations and education in Omaha, Nebraska.
Samuel M. Janney died on April 30, 1880, in Lincoln, Virginia, at the age of 79. He was buried in the Friends Burial Ground at Goose Creek Meeting House.
# 2022 Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion

On 20 December 2022, an explosion occurred on the Russian Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod gas pipeline, which supplies gas from Siberia to Europe through Ukraine.
The explosion occurred in Chuvashia, in the area of the gas pipeline between the villages of Kalinino and Yambakhtino, Vurnarsky District.

## Background

The Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod export gas pipeline was built in the early 1980s. This pipeline transports Russian gas from Western Siberia to European countries. Near the Sudzha pumping station in Kursk Oblast, the gas pipeline crosses the border of the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Branches of the gas pipeline also go to the TurkStream and Central Asia.
The Sudzha gas pumping station, through which gas from this pipeline flows, now remains the only point on the Russian–Ukrainian border through which gas is still transiting. Gazprom supplies Russian gas for transit through the territory of Ukraine in the amount confirmed by the Ukrainian side through the Sudzha GIS – 43 million cubic meters on 20 December.
It was reported that before the explosion and ignition of the fire, "work was being carried out by the operating organization".

## Explosion

The gas explosion and subsequent fire occurred during scheduled repairs near the village of Yambakhtino, Vurnarsky District. The incident was reported at 13:44 local time. At 14:20, gas flaring at the emergency site was eliminated.

## Victims

The Ministry of Emergency Situations reported that as a result of an emergency on the gas pipeline, three gas service workers died, and one driver was injured.

## Aftermath

According to TASS, after reports of an explosion on a gas pipeline in Chuvashia, the price of gas in Europe rose to $1,200 per thousand cubic meters.
The local division of Gazprom stated after the explosion that the damaged section of the gas pipeline was promptly contained and that the gas is supplied to consumers in full through parallel pipelines.
# Jan Seyum

Jan Seyum (Ge'ez: ጃን ስዩም) was King of Zagwe dynasty.
# Japanese destroyer Tsuga (1920)

The Japanese destroyer Tsuga (栂) was one of 21 Momi-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1910s. She spent most of the Pacific War patrolling and escorting convoys in and around Chinese waters, during which the ship participated in the Battle of Hong Kong in December 1941. Tsuga was sunk by American carrier aircraft in early 1945.

## Design and description

The Momi class was designed with higher speed and better seakeeping than the preceding Enoki-class second-class destroyers. The ships had an overall length of 280 feet (85.3 m) and were 275 feet (83.8 m) between perpendiculars. They had a beam of 26 feet (7.9 m), and a mean draft of 8 feet (2.4 m). The Momi-class ships displaced 850 long tons (864 t) at standard load and 1,020 long tons (1,036 t) at deep load. Tsuga was powered by two Parsons geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by three Kampon water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce 21,500 shaft horsepower (16,000 kW) to give the ships a speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 275 long tons (279 t) of fuel oil which gave them a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). Their crew consisted of 110 officers and crewmen.
The main armament of the Momi-class ships consisted of three 12-centimeter (4.7 in) Type 3 guns in single mounts; one gun forward of the well deck, one between the two funnels, and the last gun atop the aft superstructure. The guns were numbered '1' to '3' from front to rear. The ships carried two above-water twin sets of 533-millimeter (21 in) torpedo tubes; one mount was in the well deck between the forward superstructure and the bow gun and the other between the aft funnel and aft superstructure.

## Construction and career

Tsuga, built at the Ishikawajima shipyard in Tokyo, was laid down on 5 March 1919, launched on 17 April 1920 and completed on 20 July 1920.

### Pacific War

At the start of the Pacific War on 7 December 1941, Tsuga was assigned to the China Area Fleet with two of her sister ships, Hasu and Huri. She supported the invasion of Hong Kong in December 1941 and then began convoy escort and patrolling off the Chinese coast. The ship was sunk by carrier aircraft from Task Force 38 during its South China Sea raid on 15 January 1945 at coordinates 23°33′N 119°33′E﻿ / ﻿23.550°N 119.550°E﻿ / 23.550; 119.550.
# Buckhead Theatre

Buckhead Theatre is a theatre located in the Buckhead neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.

## History

The establishment was built in 1930 in Spanish baroque style by Atlanta architecture firm Daniell & Beutell and opened on June 2, 1930. Primarily functioning as a second-run movie theater, it also hosted civic functions and concerts of the Buckhead Symphony Orchestra. It was operated by Affiliated Theaters, a subsidiary of McLendon Theatres. Lease holders Davis & Coart sold the lease in 1935 to the company Terry McDaniel of Montgomery.
In 1961, it converted to a first run policy and joined the Weis Theater chain as the Capri Theatre. In the mid-1980s, it was called Buckhead Cinema ‘N’ Drafthouse, until it was converted into the Coca-Cola Roxy Theatre.
A significant Atlanta concert venue in the 1990s and most of the 2000s, the Roxy finally closed after Live Nation and Clear Channel ended their lease in 2008. It was then purchased by Aaron's, Inc., founder Charles Loudermilk. After two years of renovation, the venue reopened in June 2010 under the original name Buckhead Theatre.
In 2017, Live Nation resumed control of the theater as sole booker and operator, though Loudermilk retained ownership of the building. Live Nation subsequently spent at least $7 million renovating the theater, with work starting in February 2018.

## Performers

* A Day To Remember
* Aaron Carter
* The Airborne Toxic Event
* AJR
* Albert Hammond Jr.
* Aly & AJ
* Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness
* The Babys
* Beats Antique
* Ben Folds Five
* The Boomtown Rats
* Bruce Hampton
* Camper Van Beethoven
* Chapo Trap House
* Chvrches
* Citizen Cope
* The Devil Wears Prada
* Danny Ocean
* Dixie Dregs
* Dua Lipa
* Elektric Band II
* Falling In Reverse
* Feid
* Finch
* Fifth Harmony
* The Gaslight Anthem
* Gavin DeGraw
* Hanson
* Harry Styles
* Indigo Girls
* Issues
* Jessie James Decker
* JoJo
* Jon Bon Jovi
* Kesha
* King Crimson
* LANY
* Lou Reed
* Melanie Martinez
* The Minimalists
* MisterWives
* Morat (band)
* Mumford & Sons
* The New Pornographers
* The Offspring
* Pat Green
* Papa Roach
* Peter Tosh
* Phish
* Paul Westerberg
* Randall Bramblett
* Ray Charles
* Sarah Vaughan
* Scissor Sisters
* Sea Level
* Talking Heads
* ‘til Tuesday
* The The
* Tinashe
* Tragically Hip
* Travis Tritt
* Victoria Monet
* Waylon Jennings
* Wynonna Judd
# 2019 Tiburon Challenger

The 2019 Tiburon Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tiburon, California, United States, between September 23 and September 29, 2019.

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Tommy Paul | 88 | 1 |
| USA | Denis Kudla | 107 | 2 |
| USA | Marcos Giron | 125 | 3 |
| ECU | Emilio Gómez | 166 | 4 |
| DEN | Mikael Torpegaard | 167 | 5 |
| USA | Michael Mmoh | 168 | 6 |
| BAR | Darian King | 170 | 7 |
| AUS | Thanasi Kokkinakis | 181 | 8 |
| FRA | Enzo Couacaud | 187 | 9 |
| USA | Christopher Eubanks | 190 | 10 |
| USA | Mitchell Krueger | 192 | 11 |
| CAN | Peter Polansky | 200 | 12 |
| COL | Daniel Elahi Galán | 201 | 13 |
| USA | Thai-Son Kwiatkowski | 209 | 14 |
| USA | Ernesto Escobedo | 215 | 15 |
| USA | Maxime Cressy | 228 | 16 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of September 16, 2019.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Oliver Crawford
* Brandon Holt
* Brandon Nakashima
* Emilio Nava
* Ondřej Štyler
The following players received entry into the singles main draw using protected rankings:
* Carlos Gómez-Herrera
* Raymond Sarmiento
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Michael Geerts
* Evan Zhu

## Champions
### Singles

* Tommy Paul def. Thanasi Kokkinakis 7–5, 6–7$^{(3–7)}$, 6–4.

### Doubles

* Robert Galloway / Roberto Maytín def. JC Aragone / Darian King 6–2, 7–5.
# Bonnie Hollingsworth

John Burnette Hollingsworth (December 26, 1895 – January 4, 1990) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched from 1922 to 1928.

## Professional career

Hollingsworth posted a 4–9 record with a 4.91 ERA in 36 games for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Washington Senators, Brooklyn Robins, and Boston Braves from 1922 to 1928.
# 2014 FC69

2014 FC$_{69}$ is a trans-Neptunian object of the scattered disc on an eccentric orbit in the outermost region of the Solar System. It was first observed on 25 March 2014, by American astronomers Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo at the Cerro Tololo Observatory in Chile. It is one of the most distant objects from the Sun, even further away than Sedna.

## Orbit and classification

As of 2021 and based on an orbital uncertainty of 6–7 and an observation arc of only 682 days, 2014 FC$_{69}$ orbits the Sun at a distance of 40.1–104.2 AU once every 612 years and 10 months (223,847 days; semi-major axis of 72.15 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.44 and an inclination of 30° with respect to the ecliptic.
Based on the best-fit (albeit uncertain) orbital solution, 2014 FC$_{69}$ is a scattered disc object, or "near-scattered" in the classification of the Deep Ecliptic Survey, that still interacts gravitationally with Neptune due to its relatively low perihelion of 40.1 AU, contrary to the extended-scattered/detached objects and sednoids which never approach Neptune as close as 2014 FC$_{69}$ does.

### Most distant objects from the Sun

2014 FC$_{69}$ last came to perihelion around 1865, moving away from the Sun ever since and is currently about 85.6 AU from the Sun, which is further away than the dwarf planet Sedna. Other than long-period comets, it is the 10th-most-distant known larger body in the Solar System (also see List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun § Known distant objects).

## Physical characteristics

Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion from its magnitude of 4.6, 2014 FC$_{69}$ is approximately 533 kilometers (330 miles) in diameter, assuming an albedo of 0.9.
As of 2021, no rotational lightcurve for this object has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.
# John Cowles Sr.

John Cowles Sr. (December 14, 1898 – February 25, 1983) was an American newspaper and magazine publisher. He was co-owner of the Cowles Media Company, whose assets included the Minneapolis Star, the Minneapolis Tribune, the Des Moines Register, Look magazine, and a half-interest in Harper's Magazine.

## Biography

The son of banker, publisher, and politician Gardner Cowles Sr., John was a graduate of Phillips Exeter Academy and Harvard University.
In 1922, Cowles launched the Register and Tribune Syndicate.
In 1935, his family acquired the Minneapolis Star; John moved to Minneapolis to manage the paper. Under his leadership, it had the city's highest circulation, pressuring Minneapolis's other newspapers. With his brother Gardner "Mike" Cowles Jr., he was a co-founder of Look magazine, launched in 1937.
In 1939, the Cowles brothers, along with entrepreneur Everett M. "Busy" Arnold, became owners of the newly formed Comic Magazines, Inc., the corporate entity that would publish the Quality Comics comic book line. (Quality was an influential creative force in what historians and fans call the Golden Age of comic books).
That same year, the Cowles family purchased the Minneapolis Evening Journal, merging the Star and the Journal into the Star-Journal. The following year the Cowles family bought the Minneapolis Tribune and merged it with their company, giving it ownership of the city's major newspapers. The Tribune became the city's morning newspaper, the Star-Journal (renamed the Star in 1947) was the evening newspaper, and they published a joint Sunday edition. A separate evening newspaper (the Times) was spun off, which published until 1948.$^{:57–62}$
To help counteract the agitation against the Vietnam War in the mid-1960s, Cowles served on a committee that included such notables as: Arthur H. Dean, Dean Acheson, Eugene R. Black, James B. Conant, Thomas S. Gates, Roswell Gilpatric, David Rockefeller, and John J. McCloy.
His service on boards included the boards of trustees of the Ford Foundation and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the boards of directors of the First National Bank of Minneapolis and the Equitable Life Insurance Company of Iowa.

## Family

He had four children: newspaper publisher Morley Cowles Ballantine; Sarah Cowles Doering; John Cowles Jr., who married the stepdaughter of Cass Canfield, the chairman of Harper & Row; and Russell Cowles.