# National Interagency Fire Center

The National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) in Boise, Idaho, is an American physical facility which is the home to the National Interagency Coordination Center (NICC) and the National Multi-Agency Coordination Group (NMAC or MAC).
The center works closely with and is an arm of the National Fire and Aviation Executive Board (NFAEB), which provides unified guidance for fire agencies in the U.S. and handbooks and guidelines to provide standard procedures. It was created to implement the Federal Wildland Fire Management Act Policy. The NFAEB has created the Federal Fire Policy Directives Task Group, which coordinates with state agencies to implement cooperative agreements.
The center's primary mission is the complex interagency coordination of wildland firefighting resources in the U.S. Although NIFC was initially founded to manage firefighting resources throughout the western states, the center is now designated as an "all-risk" co-ordination center, and as such, provides support in response to other emergencies such as floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes for the United States at large; accordingly, it also contributes to the national preparedness level.

## History

The National Interagency Fire Center began sixty years ago in 1965 as the Boise Interagency Fire Center; its name was changed in 1993 to reflect its national mission more accurately.
Initially, the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and National Weather Service saw the need to work together to reduce service duplication, cut costs, and coordinate national fire planning and operations. The National Park Service and Bureau of Indian Affairs joined BIFC in the mid-1970s. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service joined in 1979.
The Wildland Firefighters National Monument was dedicated on May 25, 2000, and is on the grounds of the NIFC's headquarters in Boise.

## Escalation of fire coordination
### Tier 3 - Local Control

Any wildland fire is perforce initially managed by the local agency responsible for fire protection in its jurisdiction. Engines, ground crews, hotshots, smokejumpers, helicopters with water buckets, and air tankers may all be used for initial suppression. Various local agencies may work together, sharing personnel and equipment, to fight new fires and those not contained by the initial response.

### Tier 2 - Geographic Area Coordination Center(s)

The United States is divided into 11 geographic areas. If a wildland fire grows to the point where local personnel and equipment are insufficient, the responsible agency contacts the Geographic Area Coordination Center (GACC) for help. The GACC will dispatch a Type 2 Incident Management Team (IMT) and locate and dispatch additional firefighters and support personnel throughout the geographic area at risk.
When the emergency exceeds the GACC's resources, a call is made to the National Interagency Coordination Center at the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC).

### Tier 1 - National Interagency Coordination Center

NIFC is the home of the National Interagency Coordination Center (NICC). If a fire exceeds the level of local control and all the resources in its geographic area, in that case, NICC will dispatch a Type 1 Incident Management Team and additional national resources from multiple agencies as required.

### National Multi-Agency Coordination Group

The National Multi-Agency Coordination Group (NMAC or MAC) also resides at the NIFC. If several simultaneous national emergencies are straining the support system, it allocates and prioritizes personnel and equipment.
MAC also establishes the National Preparedness Levels throughout the calendar year to help ensure firefighting resources are ready and able to respond to probable new incidents (a form of risk management). Preparedness Levels are dictated by burning conditions, fire activity, and (especially) resource availability.

## Participating agencies

Several national and state assets are involved at NIFC:
* U.S. Department of Agriculture and related...
** United States Forest Service (USFS)
* U.S. Department of Commerce
** U.S. National Weather Service (NWS)
* U.S. Department of Homeland Security and related...
** Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
** United States Fire Administration
* U.S. Department of the Interior, and related...
** Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
** Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
** Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)
** National Park Service (NPS)
** Office of Aircraft Services (OAS)
And the non-profit organization:
* National Association of State Foresters (NASF)

## Location

The NIFC's physical plant of the NIFC is located at 3833 S. Developmental Avenue, Boise Airport, east of the passenger terminal.