OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Buddhisagarsuri

Buddhisagarsuri (1874 – 1925) was a Jain ascetic, philosopher and author from British India. Born in a Hindu family, he was influenced by a Jain monk and later was initiated in asceticism, and later elevated to the title of Acharya. He wrote more than a hundred books.

## Biography

Buddhisagarsuri was born Bechardas Patel in a Hindu family of Shivabhai and Ambaben in 1874 at Vijapur in north Gujarat. He studied till sixth standard. He met Muni Ravisagar, a Jain monk, and became his disciple. He studied at the Yashovijayji Jain Sanskrit Pathshala, a school for religious studies, in Mehsana. He took a job of religious teacher in Ajol. Following the death of Ravisagar in 1898, his spiritual quest intensified. Ravisagar's disciple, Sukhsagar initiated him as a Jain monk in 1901. He was given a new name, Muni Buddhisagar. He was conferred with an informal title of Yoga-nishtha, literally "firm in Yoga". He was elevated to the title of Acharya in 1914 in Mansa. He established the Mahudi Jain temple in 1917. He was invited by the royals of Baroda, Idar and Pethapur to preach there. He died at Vijapur in 1925. The Jain temple and a memorial shrine were built where Buddhisagarsuri was later cremated in Vijapur.

## Works

He wrote more than a hundred books. He wrote about 2,000 poems, including a large number of poems about Sabarmati River. His first book was Jain Dharma Khristi Dharmano Mukablo, a comparison between Jainism and Christianity. He criticised Christianity and its missionary activities in Gujarat.
He was involved in several debates regarding icon worship during those time. He defended it and authored a booklet Jain Sutroma Murtipuja (Icon Worship in Jain Scriptures). He termed icons as a form of love and devotion.

### Selected works

* Samadhi Shatak, a hundred stanzas on meditation
* Yog Deepak, the guide on yoga
* Dhyan Vichar, a book on meditation
* Adhyatma Shanti, a work on spiritual peace
* Karmayog, a theory of karma
* Adhyatma Geeta
* Atma Shakti Prakash
* Atma Darshan
* Shuddhopayog
* Samya Shatak
* Shishyopanishad
* Atmana Shasan
* Anandghan Pad Bhavarth Sangrah, a collection of hymns of Anandghan, a Jain mystic poet, and its meaning
* Shrimad Devchandraji, a biography of Devchandra
* Kumarapala Charitra, a biography of Chaulukya, ruler of Kumarapala
* Yashovijay Charitra, a biography of Yashovijay
* Adhyatma Bhajan Sangrah 1–14, a collection of songs
# Iraqis in Finland

Iraqis in Finland (Arabic: العراقيون في فنلندا, romanized: al-ʻIrāqīyūn fī Finlandā) are people with Iraqi background residing in Finland. As of 31 December 2023, they numbered 29,266, making them the second largest immigrant group in Finland after Estonians.

## Migration

Most Iraqis in Finland have come as refugees. Of the 32,000 people who sought asylum in Finland in 2015, 21,000 were Iraqis, or two-thirds of all asylum seekers.

### Asylum based on clan feuds

Iraq is a clan-based society like many in the Middle East. Many Iraqis claim asylum in Finland on the basis that they are threatened by rival clans in their home country, but the refugee conventions state that asylum is granted on the basis of being persecuted by authorities of a country. Persecution by other civilians is primarily a concern of police in the country of origin. This creates contradictions because officials in Iraqi police authorities might themselves be members of a rival clan.

### Mandaeans

Finland has a community of Iraqi Mandaeans.

## Distribution

Helsinki is home to the largest Iraqi community, but Turku has the highest proportion.
Iraqis by Municipality in 2018 :
| No. | Municipality | Iraqis | % |
| 1. | Helsinki | 5,936 | 0.92 |
| 2. | Espoo | 3,181 | 1.12 |
| 3. | Turku | 2,771 | 1.45 |
| 4. | Vantaa | 2,460 | 1.08 |
| 5. | Tampere | 1,642 | 0.70 |
| 6. | Lahti | 909 | 0.76 |
| 7. | Oulu | 681 | 0.33 |
| 8. | Vaasa | 382 | 0.57 |
| 9. | Hämeenlinna | 357 | 0.53 |
| 10. | Jyväskylä | 281 | 0.20 |

## Notable Finnish people of Iraqi descent

* Mohammad Al-Emara, football referee
* Hussein al-Taee, politician
* Asaad Abu Gilel al-Taie, politician
* Hassan Blasim, film director
* Arjan Goljahanpoor, footballer
* Dario Naamo, footballer
# Scott Jones (curler)

Scott Jones (born November 4, 1971) is a Canadian curler from Moncton, New Brunswick. He currently skips his own team.

## Career
### Juniors

Jones won the 1990 New Brunswick junior men's title, skipping a rink of Darrell Rice, Sean Hughson and Shane Longley. The team represented New Brunswick at the 1990 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, with Jones playing second on the team. There, the rink would finish with a 3–8 record, in 11th place.

### Men's

Jones won his first provincial men's title in 2007, throwing third rocks for the Paul Dobson rink. At the 2007 Tim Hortons Brier, the rink would finish last, with a 1–10 record.
In 2008, Jones won the New Brunswick mixed title as a skip with teammates Sandy Comeau, Pierre Fraser and Stephanie Taylor. They would represent New Brunswick at the 2009 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship. There, he led the province to a 5–6 record.
Jones returned to the Brier in 2012 after winning his second provincial title. At the 2012 Tim Hortons Brier, Jones played second for the New Brunswick team, skipped by Terry Odishaw. At the Brier, the team would finish with a 5–6 round robin record.
Jones won another New Brunswick mixed title as skip in 2014. He and teammates Cathlia Ward, Chris Jeffrey and Kendra Lister represented New Brunswick at the 2015 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship, where they finished with a 4–5 record.
Jones, Marc LeCocq and Jamie Brannen, who have been teammates for a number of years added World Senior champion Mike Kennedy as their skip for the 2015–16 season. The team would go on to win the New Brunswick championship, and play in the 2016 Tim Hortons Brier where they would miss the playoffs with a 3–8 record. The team won the provincial title again the next season and played in the 2017 Tim Hortons Brier where they did not do very well, finishing with a 1–10 record.
The team parted ways after the 2016–17 season with Jones forming his own team with long-time teammate Jamie Brannen at third, Brian King at second and Robert Daley at lead. At the New Brunswick championship, the team went 3–4, missing the playoffs. The following season, they qualified for the playoffs at the 2019 NB Tankard after winning the tiebreaker. They then lost the semi-final to James Grattan. Brannen left the team following that season and they added 2015 provincial champion Jeremy Mallais at third. They would have a successful start as a team, winning both the Steele Cup Cash and the Atlantic Superstore Monctonian Challenge. Jones also got to play in his first Grand Slam of Curling event at the 2019 Tour Challenge Tier 2. After going 2–2 in the round robin, they lost the tiebreaker to Rich Ruohonen.

## Personal life

Jones is employed as the chief financial officer for Blue Line Innovations Inc and Moncton Magic. He has a partner, one child and two step-children.
# Ancient Belgian language

Ancient Belgian is a hypothetical extinct Indo-European language, spoken in Belgica (northern Gaul) in late prehistory. It is often identified with the hypothetical Nordwestblock. While it remains a matter of controversy, the linguist Maurits Gysseling, who attributed the term to SJ De Laet, hypothesised a Belgian that was distinct from the later Celtic and Germanic languages. According to the theory, which was further elaborated by Hans Kuhn and others, traces of Belgian can be found in certain toponyms such as South-East-Flemish Bevere, Eine, Mater and Melden.

## Overview

The borders of the Belgian Sprachraum are made up by the Canche and the Authie in the south-west, the Weser and the Aller in the east, and the Ardennes and the German Mittelgebirge in the south-east. It has been hypothetically associated with the Nordwestblock, more specifically with the Hilversum culture.
The use of the name Belgian for the language is to some extent supported by Julius Caesar's De Bello Gallico. He mentions that the Belgae and the Galli spoke different languages. It is furthermore supported by toponyms in present-day Belgium, which, according to Kuhn, point at the existence of an Indo-European language, distinct from Celtic and Germanic languages. Hans Kuhn also noted certain connections (suffixes, ethnonyms, toponyms, anthroponyms) between this language and the Indo-European languages of southern Europe, in particular with the Italic languages. Before their migration to the south, the Italics must have resided in central Europe, in the vicinity of the Germans and the Slavs, as shown by the large vocabulary common to these groups. Some of them may have migrated to the northwest, while the others headed for the Italian peninsula, hence the connection that has been made between the Umbrians and the Ambrones of the shores of the North Sea.
Proponents of the Belgian language hypothesis also suggest that it was influenced by Germanic languages during a first, early Germanicisation in the 3rd century BC, as distinct from the Frankish colonization in the 5th to the 8th centuries AD. For example, the Germanic sound shifts (p → f, t → th, k → h, ŏ → ă) have affected toponyms that supposedly have a Belgian-language origin.
Characteristics of Belgian are said to include the retention of p after the sound shifts, a trait that it shared with the Lusitanian language. Names of bodies of water ending in -ara, as in the name for the Dender; -ănā or -ŏnā, as in Matrŏnā (Marne River and also the current Mater) and settlement names ending in -iŏm are supposedly typically Belgian as well.
According to Gysseling, traces of Belgian are still visible. The diminutive suffix -ika, the feminizing suffixes -agjōn and -astrjō and the collective suffix -itja have been incorporated in Dutch, sometimes very productively. In toponymy, apa, poel, broek, gaver, drecht, laar and ham are retained as Belgian loanwords.
# Engelthal

Engelthal is a municipality near Nürnberg (Nuremberg) in the Frankenalb (Frankish Alb). The municipality has a population of approximately 1100 people.

## History

The place was named Swinnahe in former times and mentioned first in 1058/1059 on the occasion of the consecration of a church by bishop Gundekar von Eichstätt. Engelthal was established as a cloister (Dominican nuns) at 1240 from Ulrich von Königstein auf Reicheneck. Mentioned first officially in 1245 and in 1339 given protection from emperor Ludwig as of the Nürnberger Rat and the city of Nuremberg.
In recent years, residents have remodeled and restored sections of the cloister and cloister wall.
Engelthal is also notable for Engelthal Abbey, the home of several notable medieval writers and mystics, including Christina Ebner and Adelheid Langmann.

## Cultural references

* Engelthal is mentioned in chapter XXIII of Henry James's 1875 novel Roderick Hudson, '[...] the eggs of Engelthal were almost as fresh and the cream almost as thick as those of the Connecticut Valley.'.
* Engelthal is one of the settings in The Gargoyle by Andrew Davidson, where one of the main characters, Marianne Engel, is raised as a nun.
# Maldives at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games

The Maldives competed in the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games, held in Réunion an overseas French territory from 1 August to 8 August 2015.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Gold medal | Hassan Saaid | Athletics | 100 metres | 2 August 2015 |
| Bronze medal | Shamha Ahmed | Athletics | 10000 metres | 2 August 2015 |

## Preparation and sponsorships

The Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation, that manages dairy cooperative Amul, announced its memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the Indian Olympic Association on 11 July 2014. This MoU has made Amul the official sponsor of the Indian contingent at the 2014 Asian Games and Commonwealth Games, which was held in Glasgow, Scotland.
# Henry Forster (footballer)

Henry Forster (born c. 1883) was an English footballer who played for Sunderland as a defender. He made his debut for Sunderland against Sheffield United on 9 February 1907 in a 3–2 defeat at Bramall Lane. In total, Forster made 103 appearances for Sunderland without scoring.
# Catoctin Creek (Virginia)

Catoctin Creek is a 14.1-mile-long (22.7 km) tributary of the Potomac River in Loudoun County, Virginia, with a watershed of 59,000 acres (240 km$^2$). Agricultural lands make up 67 percent and forests 30 percent of Catoctin Creek's watershed. It is the main drainage system for the northern Loudoun Valley, including all of the Catoctin Valley.

## Course

The main arteries consist of the Catoctin and its North and South Forks.

### North Fork Catoctin Creek

The North Fork Catoctin Creek, 14.5 miles (23.3 km) long, begins at Purcellville Reservoir east of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Between the Hills valley, near the West Virginia border. State Route 9 follows the north fork westward as it flows through Hillsboro Gap in Short Hill Mountain at Hillsboro. From Wheatland the North Fork flows northeast.

### South Fork Catoctin Creek

The source of the 18.5-mile-long (29.8 km) South Fork Catoctin Creek is just east of the Blue Ridge's Wilson Gap on the West Virginia border. From the source the South Fork flows southeast toward Purcellville, where it turns north and east toward Waterford, where it flows north again to its confluence with the North Fork.

### Main Branch

The main branch of Catoctin Creek is formed by the confluence of its forks along the western edges of Catoctin Mountain north of Waterford and southeast of Milltown. The creek flows north along Catoctin Mountain's western side through the village of Taylorstown. Catoctin Creek continues meandering along the northern edge of Furnace Mountain and empties into the Potomac River to the north of the U.S. Highway 15 bridge across from Point of Rocks, Maryland.
# Caminibacter

Caminibacter is a genus of anaerobic and thermophilic bacteria from the family Nautiliaceae.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
| 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 |
| Cetia pacifica Grosche et al. 2015 Caminibacter C. hydrogeniphilus Alain et al. 2002 C. mediatlanticus Voordeckers et al. 2005 C. profundus Miroshnichenko et al. 2004 | Caminibacter "C. pacificus" (Grosche et al. 2015) Shiotani et al. 2020 C. mediatlanticus |
# The Winter Album (The Brilliant Green album)

The Winter Album is the fourth album by The Brilliant Green before their five-year hiatus from 2002 to 2007.
The album is noted as being different from their previous albums as they experimented with electronic and synth beats.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Tomoko Kawase; all music is composed by Shunsaku Okuda except where noted, all songs arranged by The Brilliant Green
# William Jacob Baer

William Jacob Baer (January 29, 1860 – September 21, 1941) was an American artist, considered the foremost American miniature painter.

## Biography

William Jacob Baer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on January 29, 1860. He was a lithographer's apprentice at Donaldson and Company in Cincinnati from 1876 to 1879. During the same period he attended an evening modeling class at the McMicken School of Design, taught by Louis Rebisso. He continued his training in Munich at the Royal Academy from 1880 to 1884, studying oil painting with Ludwig Löfftz. He received medals in all his courses, and the Academy purchased one of his watercolors. In 1913, Baer was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.
Upon his return to the United States, Baer settled into the Montclair, New Jersey art colony to continue his career as a genre painter, portrait painter, and teacher. He was attracted there by his friend, Alexander Drake (the art editor Scribner’s Monthly). Drake encouraged him to teach a class in engraving and black-and-white draftsmanship for illustrators; class members were dubbed the "Carbonari". In 1888 Baer became the instructor at Round Lake, New York, for summer classes at a Chautauqua-like cultural enterprise to which he remained attached until 1891; in 1893 he took over the classes at Chautauqua itself for several years. In 1892 and '93, he turned from figure painting to miniatures (both portraits and other subjects), initially under the patronage of Alfred Corning Clark, and soon Baer not only became the most renowned miniaturist in the country but also spearheaded the miniature-painting revival that began at that time. He was the first president of the American Society of Miniature Painters, New York.
Baer exhibited at the Chicago Worlds Fair of 1893. In New York and at the Paris Exposition of 1900, Baer was awarded a 1st class medals. He also was a regular exhibitor at the National Academy of Design, N.Y., the Chicago Art Institute and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art. Among his miniatures are The Golden Hour, Daphne, In Arcadia, and Madonna with the Auburn Hair. In 1913, Baer was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.
Baer died in East Orange, New Jersey on September 21, 1941.

## Gallery

* Alfred Corning Clark (1893 and 1911), Oil on canvas, 22 1/16 x 18 in. (56 x 45.7 cm) Clark Art Institute
# Justin Walley

Justin Walley is an English football manager, former player and published author who is the press and communications director of the Marshall Islands Soccer Federation.

## Career

In 2007, Walley founded Latvian side Riga United. After that, he was appointed manager of Matabeleland. In 2023, he was appointed press and communications director of the Marshall Islands Soccer Federation.
# Olivia Asselin

Olivia Asselin (born 24 February 2004) is a Canadian freestyle skier from Quebec City, who competes internationally in the big air and slopestyle disciplines.

## Career

Asselin joined the national team in 2019. Asselin won the bronze medal at the 2022 Winter X Games in the big air event.
On January 24, 2022, Asselin was named to Canada's 2022 Olympic team in the big air and slopestyle events.
# Graham Bayne

Graham Bayne (born 22 August 1979) is a Scottish retired professional footballer who last played for Elgin City.

## Career

Bayne joined Inverness Caley Thistle from local rivals Ross County, having previously played for Dundee, Arbroath and his local side Raith Rovers having been born in Kirkcaldy. Bayne is a striker, and wore the much-coveted number 9 shirt for the Jags
In May 2008, Bayne was linked with a possible move away from the Caledonian Stadium after manager Craig Brewster revealed he was interested in Andrew Barrowman. First Division sides St Johnstone, Dunfermline Athletic and Ross County are all thought to be after the striker. After Caley Thistle signed Barrowman, Craig Brewster confirmed that a move to Dunfermline was very likely. The same day, it was reported that a fee had been agreed by Bayne's club and the East End Park side. On 27 June it was confirmed that Bayne had signed for Dunfermline for £30,000.
Although proving a success at the Pars his time with the club was cut short due to an ongoing problem with Plantar fasciitis. With an unknown recovery period it was agreed that he would leave the club when his contract expired at the end of July 2010. In February 2011 he played several games as a trialist for both Dundee and Dunfermline Athletic, before returning to Dunfermline for the rest of the 2010/11 season by signing as an amateur. On 30 May, Graham signed a one-year deal with First Division club, Dundee.
On 30 May 2011 it was announced that Bayne had signed for Dundee FC on a one-year deal. Bayne made 20 appearances for the side but was released by Dundee at the end of the 2011–12 season. Having left Dundee he gave up on fully professional football to become a Firefighter.
On 4 January 2013, Bayne signed a short-term contract with Highland League side, Wick Academy. Bayne came on as a substitute against Turriff United in the SHFL on 5 Jan 2013 and to mark his debut he scored within 5 minutes of his introduction. Bayne marked his 300th competitive appearance with a late goal in the 4–0 win at struggling Lossiemouth on 12 January 2013 in his second and final appearance for Wick.
Bayne returned to the SFL after signing for Arbroath on 14 January 2013 A double on his second début for Arbroath saw his new side defeat Angus rivals Forfar Athletic and took his team into the play-off position in the Second Division.
On 31 January 2014, Bayne was released by Arbroath.
Soon after his release from Arbroath, Bayne was appointed assistant manager to friend and former teammate Barry Wilson at Elgin City. Bayne also registered as a player.
# Stevie Bonsey

Stevie Bonsey (born January 18, 1990) is an American motorcycle racer.

## Career statistics
### Grand Prix motorcycle racing
#### By season

| Season | Class | Motorcycle | Team | Race | Win | Podium | Pole | FLap | Pts | Plcd |
| 2007 | 125cc | KTM | Red Bull KTM 125 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 25th |
| 2008 | 125cc | Aprilia | Degraaf Grand Prix | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 15th |
| 2009 | 250cc | Aprilia | Milar – Juegos Lucky | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 29th |
| Total | | | | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | |

### Races by year

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Class | Bike | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Pos. | Pts |
| 2007 | 125cc | KTM | QAT 22 | SPA 13 | TUR 25 | CHN Ret | FRA Ret | ITA 20 | CAT Ret | GBR 23 | NED 27 | GER 18 | CZE 16 | RSM 26 | POR Ret | JPN Ret | AUS 15 | MAL 26 | VAL 16 | 25th | 4 |
| 2008 | 125cc | Aprilia | QAT Ret | SPA 6 | POR 4 | CHN 14 | FRA Ret | ITA 11 | CAT 7 | GBR 17 | NED 17 | GER 17 | CZE Ret | RSM Ret | INP 9 | JPN 20 | AUS Ret | MAL Ret | VAL Ret | 15th | 46 |
| 2009 | 250cc | Aprilia | QAT | JPN | SPA | FRA | ITA | CAT 15 | NED Ret | GER | GBR | CZE | INP | RSM | POR | AUS | MAL | VAL | | 29th | 1 |
# Fabian Bösch

Fabian Bösch (born 6 July 1997) is a Swiss freestyle skier.
He has won gold medals at both Winter X Games and World Championships. Fabian represented Switzerland in slopestyle at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi and 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang. He participated at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2019, winning the gold medal in big air.
# Nicolas Calderón

Nicolas Calderón (born February 10, 1986, in Bogota) is a Colombian professional vert skater. Calderon started skating when he was twelve in 1998 and turned professional in 2010. His best trick is a McTwist 1080.

## Vert competitions

* 5th place World Roller Games Barcelona 2019 Pro Vert division
* Performer in Abu Dhabi at the 40th anniversary of United Arab emirates spirit of the union show
* 2012 Indaiamonsters B.L.A.D.E. Brazil - Vert: 7th
* 2010 AIL World Championships Amateur. Tehachapi, CA. - Vert: 1st
* U.S.A. Halfpipe League 2016 Vert pro Contest 6th place - Las Vegas Nevada
* Playas Ecuador 2008 3rd place - park contest
# Manchot Island

Manchot Island is a rocky island lying in the entrance to Port Martin, Antarctica. It is 0.4 kilometres (0.2 nmi) west of Bizeux Rock and 0.4 kilometres (0.2 nmi) north of Cape Margerie. The island was photographed from the air by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1949–51. It was so named by the French expedition because a large Adélie penguin rookery was located on the island, and "manchot" is a French word for penguin.
# Annalisa Drew

Annalisa Drew (born May 28, 1993) is an American freestyle skier.
Drew competed with Team USA at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.
# Paul Eckert

Paul Eckert (born 9 September 1990) is a German freestyle skier. He competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics.