OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2009 Assam bombings

The 2009 Assam serial blasts occurred on 6 April 2009 in the Maligaon and Dhekiajuli areas of the Assamese capital Guwahati on the eve of the Assamese Rajya Sabha MP and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's visit to address poll rallies. It also came during the campaigning phase of the 2009 Indian general election.

## Background

In the light of the 2008 attacks around the country, particularly the Mumbai attacks, as well as other bombings in Assam in both 2008 and New Year's Day 2009, this adds to the instability of the insurgency-racked Seven Sister States. After the Mumbai attacks security in the country was a major concern due to the elections. This led to a vociferous debate in the country of the ability to manage security along with the elections.

### Follow-up

Earlier in the day suspected members of the militant outfit Karbi Longri National Liberation Front exploded a bomb near a BSF camp at Jengpha in the central Karbi Anglong district. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was also scheduled to hold a poll rally in the district headquarters of Diphu, which itself was cancelled from the previous day due to unspecified reasons.

## Bomb attacks

The DGP of Assam said 7 were killed and 56 injured in the Maligaon blast at around 14:00 IST. The blast also sparked a fire that set ablaze two cars and 20 motorcycles as it spread to a three-storey building housing the area police station. Hours later, five people were reported injured in the Dhekiajuli blast that was, according to reports, planted on a cycle. Six were killed at the blast site, while one succumbed to injuries after jumping from an adjacent building which had caught fire.

## Perpetrators

Though it was still too early to point any fingers the media said "suspected ULFA militants" had a hand in carrying out this attack. Assam DGP J M Srivastav said that "this is the handiwork of ULFA boys ahead of the outfit's 'Raising Day,'" while adding that the militants used hi-tech explosives.

## Reactions

Assam CM Tarun Gogoi immediately acknowledged a lapse in security, saying the attack could have been prevented.
# Art Raimo

Arthur F. Raimo (April 24, 1916 – October 9, 2001) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Villanova University—known as Villanova College until 1953—from 1951 to 1953 and at Pennsylvania Military College—now Widener University—from 1964 to 1966, compiling a career college football coaching record of 24–29–1.
Raimo was also the athletic director at Villanova from 1952 to 1953. Between his head coaching stints at Villanova and Pennsylvania Military, he was the defensive coordinator at Yale University, from 1954 through 1962, working under fellow Villanova alumnus Jordan Olivar.

## Biography

A native of East Boston, Massachusetts, Raimo attended Everett High School in Everett, Massachusetts. He then continued his education and football playing career at Villanova University, where he graduated in 1938 with a degree in education. After playing semi-professional football for two years upon graduating, Raimo began his career as a teacher and also football coach at Ridley Township High School in Folsom, Pennsylvania.
In 1980 Raimo was inducted into the Pennsylvania Sports Hall of Fame. On October 9, 2001, Raimo died from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 85.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Villanova Wildcats (Independent) (1951–1953) ||||||
| 1951 | Villanova | 5–3 | | |
| 1952 | Villanova | 7–1–1 | | |
| 1953 | Villanova | 4–6 | | |
| Villanova: | Villanova: | 16–10–1 | | |
| Pennsylvania Military Cadets (Middle Atlantic Conference) (1964–1966) ||||||
| 1964 | Pennsylvania Military | 4–5 | 4–4 | T–4th (Southern College) |
| 1965 | Pennsylvania Military | 2–7 | 2–6 | 8th (Southern College) |
| 1966 | Pennsylvania Military | 2–7 | 2–6 | T–7th (Southern College) |
| Pennsylvania Military: | Pennsylvania Military: | 8–19 | 8–16 | |
| Total: | Total: | 24–29–1 | | |
# Wisconsin Blast

The Wisconsin Blast was an American professional basketball club based in Appleton, Wisconsin that competed in the International Basketball Association (IBA) beginning in the 1997–98 season. The team folded after the 1998–99 season. Pat Knight was the head coach of the Blast and Jon Stuckey was his assistant coach. Knight also served as the team's general manager. Keary Ecklund owned the Blast. Ira Newble, who later played in the NBA for several seasons, was perhaps their best known player. The team played its games at the Brown County Arena.

## Season by season record

| Season | GP | W | L | Pct. | GB | Finish | Playoffs |
| 1997–98 | 34 | 19 | 15 | .559 | 5 | 3rd IBA East | Did not qualify |
| 1998–99 | 34 | 14 | 20 | .412 | 12 | 4th IBA East | Lost IBA East Division Semi Finals 2–1 Vs Mansfield Hawks |
| Totals | 68 | 33 | 35 | .485 | – | – | Playoff record 1–2 |
# John W. Blodgett Estate

The John W. Blodgett Estate, also known as Brookby, is an historic landmark at 250 Plymouth Rd, SE, East Grand Rapids, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 and designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1977. The property is owned by Aquinas College.

## History

Delos A. Blodgett moved to Michigan in 1848 and became rich in the lumbering business. He came to Grand Rapids in 1881. By that time, his son, John W. Blodgett (born in 1860) had taken over part of the business. John W. Blodgett served as president of the Muskegon Boom Company from 1883 to 1893, and following his father's retirement in 1900, he took over as chairman of the Blodgett Company.
In 1895, John W. Blodgett married Minnie Cumnock of Lowell, Massachusetts. Minnie Cumnock Blodgett took a deep interest in community affairs, and was nationally known for her work in public health and welfare. In 1928, the Blodgetts constructed a new estate located on Fisk Lake. The estate consists of the Blodgett house as well as several other subsidiary buildings. The main house was designed by the A. Stewart Walker, a member of the architectural firm of Walker and Gillette. The surrounding grounds were designed by the Olmsted Brothers. John and Minnie Blodgett lived at the estate until their deaths, hers in 1931 and his in 1951. John W. Blodgett willed the estate to Blodgett Hospital, but hist son, John Jr., repurchased it the next year, and lived there until his death in 1986.
The Blodgett estate stayed in the Blodgett family after John and Minnie's death, until Edith Blodgett sold it in the early 1990s. Sam and Janene Cummings purchased the estate in 1997, and in 2011 donated it to Aquinas College. Aquinas began restoration of the estate in 2016.

## Description

The John W. Blodgett Estate is an eight-acre parcel containing the Blodgett house and other, subsidiary buildings. The grounds are beautifully landscaped, and include formal gardens, terraces, and large, old trees. The house is a broad-fronted two-story red brick structure with Georgian Revival detailing. The main facade contains a central portion which projects forward from the main mass of the building. This section is divided into three bays by four pilasters. A dentiled brick cornice runs across the pilaster tops. The central bay contains the entrance, consisting of the two slender doors topped by a transom and flanked by Corinthian pilasters. A row of Corinthian columns supporting a pediment fronts the entrance. The first-floor windows throughout the house are set in semi-circular arched openings, and have semi-circular fanlight windows and side lights. The second-floor openings are rectangular, and most contain double-hung, six-over-six windows.
# Battle of Spartolos

The Battle of Spartolos took place in 429 BC between Athens and the Chalcidian League and their allies, in the early part of the Peloponnesian War.
The fall of Potidaea had not succeeded in quelling the rebellion against Athens in Chalcidice. To ensure a steady stream of imperial revenue and suppress additional local uprisings, the Athenians dispatched Xenophon (son of Euripides) with 2,000 hoplites and 200 cavalry to launch an attack on Spartolos. They destroyed the crops outside the city and began negotiating with pro-Athenian factions in Chalcidice, but the anti-Athenian factions asked for help from Olynthus. An army from Chalcidice, Spartolos, and Olynthus met the Athenians in battle, but their hoplites were defeated and they retreated to Spartolos. Their cavalry and peltasts, however, gained the advantage over the Athenian troops. Reinforcements soon arrived from Olynthus, and they launched a second attack on the Athenians. The Athenian hoplites could not come to grips with the enemy light troops or horsemen. Eventually the Athenians panicked and were routed, with all of their generals and 430 other men killed.
In the Athenian tribute list of 429/8 BC the only cities of Chalcidice are: Mende, Aphytis, Scione, Stageira and Acanthus (Athos). Acanthus and Mende had not even joined the Chalcidian League.

## Early stage

When the phalanxes of the Chalcidians clashed with those of the Athenians, it was clear that the Athenians had a great advantage. The local Chalcidian hoplites made up the centre and right hand portions of the army while hired Peloponnesian forces made up the left side. The locals on the Chalcidian side gave way first, forcing the mercenaries to fall back as well. This left the Chalcidian army worn and strained, and the battle looked very promising for the Athenians.

## Later stage

After the Chalcidian side was worn down by the Athenians, the Chalcidians were reinforced by troops sent from Olynthus. With the help of the troops from Olynthus, the Chalcidians rallied back against the Athenians much stronger than before. They had learned that the Athenians did not have the experience or equipment to defend against large numbers of javelins, so when they came back strengthened by their allies and with a new tactic, the Chalcidians forced the Athenians to retreat. As the Athenians retreated, Chalcidian cavalry and light infantry chased down the Athenians to inflict further damage upon them. The Athenians tried multiple counter-attacks to defend themselves from further harm, but each time the Chalcidians were able to evade the attacks. The back ranks of Athenian troops began to abandon those at the front, allowing them to be overwhelmed, surrounded, and killed, including their general, Xenophon.

## Statistics

On the Athenian side of the battle were 2,000 hoplites, 200 cavalry, and around 500 light troops.

## Aftermath

Between a fifth and a fourth of the Athenian troops were killed in this battle- twice as much as was expected prior to the battle. This brutal defeat showed Athens what would be required of them to win the war.
# Kota Kawase

Kota Kawase (川瀬浩太, Kawase Kota, born 8 November 1992 in Japan) is a Japanese professional footballer who currently plays as a centre back for Hong Kong Premier League club Southern.

## Career
### Australia

Accepting a contract with Wollongong Wolves in late 2015 for his performances with Wollongong United in the Illawarra Premier League, Kawase decided to further his career in Australia due to the physicality of the footballers there as well as its level, setting a league title as his target with United. However, the Wolves were relegated at the end of the 2016 season and the Japanese defender had to leave despite participating in most of their fixtures, claiming to have become more erudite as a footballer.

### Philippines

Bolstering Ceres for the 2017 Philippines Football League and AFC Cup, the Takushoku University alumnus started for the Busmen in their historic two-legged 3-2 win over Home United at the 2017 AFC Cup to become ASEAN Zone champions.

### Malaysia

Was announced as one of UiTM's imports for the 2018 Malaysia Premier League with Lucas Pugh and Dechi Marcel N'Guessan.

### Hong Kong

Kota joined Hong Kong Premier League club Dreams FC on 21 January 2019.
On 26 June 2019, Kawase moved to fellow Hong Kong club Southern.
On 28 April 2020, Southern announced an agreement with Kawase to extend his contract.

## Honour
### Southern

* Hong Kong Sapling Cup: 2022–23
# Paris of the East

The description Paris of the East has been applied to a large number of locations, including:
* Baku, Azerbaijan
* Beirut, Lebanon
* Bucharest, Romania
* Budapest, Hungary
* Hanoi, Vietnam
* Isfahan, Iran
* Istanbul, Turkey,
* Manila, Philippines
* Pondicherry, India
* Prague, Czech Republic
* Riga, Latvia
* Saigon, Vietnam
* Shanghai, China
* Warsaw, Poland
* Bucharest, Romania
* İstanbul, Turkey
* Hanoi, Vietnam
* Manila, Philippines
* Warsaw, Poland
# Hiro

Hiro may refer to:

## People

* Hiro (given name), includes lists of people with the given name
* Hiro (photographer) (1930–2021), Japanese-born American photographer
* Hiro (singer) (born 1991), French singer
* Hiroko Shimabukuro (born 1984), Japanese singer
* Kazu Hiro (born 1969), American prosthetic makeup artist
* Hiroshi "Hiro" Kawaguchi (composer) (born 1965), Japanese composer
* Hiro-x (born 1980), Japanese singer and modern J-pop artist
* Dilip Hiro (born 1932), Indian author and journalist

## Arts, entertainment and media
### Fictional characters

* Hiro, the main character of Darling in the Franxx
* Hiro Amanokawa, the main character of Digimon Ghost Game

### Film and television

* Hiros (TV episode) 2008 season 1 episode 5 of the NBC fantasy-sci-fi TV series Heroes
* Hiro (film), a Canadian short film
* Hiro (TV channel), an Italian channel

### Music

* "Hiro's Song", by Ben Folds
* "Yuko and Hiro", a Blur song
* "Letter from Hiro", a song by The Vapors, off New Clear Days

## Places

* Hiro, a town in Odisha, India.
* Hiro Hachiman Shrine, a Shinto shrine located in Hirogawa, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan
* Hiroshima, a city in Japan
* Hiro Naval Arsenal at Kure, Hiroshima
* Mont Hiro (Mount Hiro), a 438 m (1,437 ft) high mountain on Raivavae island in French Polynesia.

## Science and technology

* HiROS (High Resolution Optical System) German spy satellite
* Hiro H2H, a Japanese patrol flying boat of the 1930s
* Hiro Type 94, a W-18 liquid-cooled aircraft engine

## Other uses

* Hiro (unit) a Japanese unit of length, 1.8 m (a fathom)
# Indolyl-3-acryloylglycine

Indolyl-3-acryloylglycine, also known as trans-indolyl-3-acryloylglycine, or IAG for short, is a compound consisting of an indole group attached to an acrylic acid moiety, which is in turn attached to a glycine molecule. This compound has been shown to isomerize when exposed to light. It is likely a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of tryptophan, and is synthesized from tryptophan via indolepropionic acid and indoleacrylicacid (IAcrA). It is also likely that IAcrA is converted into IAG in the gut wall. It may also be produced by certain elements of the mammalian gut microbiota by phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Identifiable in the urine by high-performance liquid chromatography, it may be a biomarker for autism spectrum disorders, as demonstrated by the research of Paul Shattock and other researchers from Australia. These researchers have reported that urinary levels of IAG are much higher in autistic children than in controls; however, other researchers have found no association between IAG concentrations in the urine and autism. Its excretion in the urine may also be changed in Hartnup disease and celiac disease, as well as photodermatosis, muscular dystrophy, and liver cirrhosis.
# John W. Gibson House

The John W. Gibson House, constructed in 1896, is a three-story Dutch Colonial Style Home owned and built by John Gibson, cattleman and banker. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The house is one of the oldest pre-statehood houses in Wagoner. Gibson was president of the First National Bank in Wagoner for 26 years. The home features three stories plus a basement. From an opening in a third story bedroom floor, a brass fireman's pole serves as an emergency fire exit for the two bedrooms, loft and bath on the third story. The fireman's pole lands in the middle of the second story library nook. There is a wrap-around porch as well as a second porch off of the back entrance. The home was lovingly restored to historically accurate paint colors on the exterior during the early 2000s. Many of the interior fixtures have been updated, all in accordance with historical accuracy guidelines.

## Citations

* 1 2 "National Register Properties in Oklahoma, John W Gibson Home". Oklahoma Center for Geospatial Information. February 17, 2008. Archived from the original on May 19, 2006.
* ↑ "National Register of Historical Places - Oklahoma (OK), Wagoner County". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. February 17, 2008.
* ↑ "John W. Gibson Home". Retrieved February 17, 2008.
* This Oklahoma state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# John W. Griffiths Mansion

The John W. Griffiths Mansion is a historic house at 3806 S. Michigan Avenue in the Douglas community area of Chicago, Illinois. The house was built in 1893-94 for John W. Griffiths, a prominent building contractor who worked in Chicago during its reconstruction after the Great Chicago Fire. Architect Solon Beman designed the Chateauesque house, which features a limestone-clad exterior, an octagon-shaped tower on its northeast corner, corbels along the roof line, and dormers topped with finials. The house was typical of those on Michigan Avenue at the time, as many affluent Chicagoans built their homes there; it was also one of the last such homes, as the Panic of 1893 and industrial development led the area to lose its popularity with the wealthy. After Griffiths died in the 1930s, the home became the meeting place of the Quincy Club, a social club for black railroad workers. It later became the first home of the DuSable Museum of African American History.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1982.
# St. Thomas Church, Kalamassery

10°03′16″N 76°19′32″E﻿ / ﻿10.054315°N 76.325423°E﻿ / 10.054315; 76.325423
St. Thomas Marthoma Church Kalamassery, is a prominent Christian parish of the Kottayam – Kochi diocese under the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar. This parish forms the worship place for all the Marthomites in Changampuzha Nagar, Edapally, Muttam, NAD, Shanthinagar, North and South Kalamassery. The nearest Marthoma parishes are in Eloor, Palarivattom Kakanad and Aluva.

## History

In the year 1959, about nine families who were the part of Aluva Marthoma church started a small and active prayer group. They bought 27 cents of land near HMT Road, Kalmassery to construct a church building. The Most Rev. Dr. Philipose Mar Chrysostom Mar Thoma Valiya Metropolitan laid the foundation of the chapel in 1963. Later the chapel was elevated as parish in 1966. One of the major reconstruction of the church building was on 1997. The present strength of the parish is about 300 families and approximately 2000 members.

## Golden Jubilee

Since 2016 is the Golden Jubilee year for the parish, the Golden jubilee committee scheduled and charted numerous programs and events for one year. The program's were conceived under the leadership of Rev. Dr. John Joseph and Prof. M. Thomas Mathew. The parish also has initiated some of the major social causes during the Golden Jubilee year The golden Jubilee celebrations were inaugurated on 8 November 2015. The following are the notable initiatives
† The pain and palliative program of the church - Friend in Need is a movement that take care of the sick and week people in the Kalamassery region.
† Snehakoodu is a fellowship for the elderly people, where they gather and share their great moments and spent their time creatively.
† Free Medical Consultation for the poor
† Medical and poor aid program for education, marriages and homeless
† Bazhaza – the distribution of school kits to children in tribal areas
The church witnessed the presence of eminent personalities, seminars, discussions and live music performances during the golden Jubilee year. The notable names are Alexander Jacob (police officer), Alphons Joseph, Benny Prasad, V. D. Satheesan, P. Rajeev, Fr. Bobby Jose Kattikad, Kochouseph Chittilappilly, Glorious Choir team etc. St Thomas Marthoma church Kalamassery organized a music show against drug abuse by Hillsong International Leadership College on 2 October 2016 at Ernakulam Durbar Hall ground, Cochin.

## Organizations

1. Edavaka Mission
2. Yuvajana Sakhyam
3. Pain & Palliative
4. Welfare Trust
5. Sevika Sangam
6. Sunday School
7. Young Couples association
8. Choir
# Indole-3-carbaldehyde

Indole-3-carbaldehyde (I3A), also known as indole-3-aldehyde and 3-formylindole, is a metabolite of dietary L-tryptophan which is synthesized by human gastrointestinal bacteria, particularly species of the Lactobacillus genus. I3A is a biologically active metabolite which acts as a receptor agonist at the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in intestinal immune cells, in turn stimulating the production of interleukin-22 which facilitates mucosal reactivity.

## Biosynthesis in humans and cellular effects

* Tryptophan metabolism by human gut microbiota (vte)
* Tryptophan
* Clostridium sporogenes
* Lacto- bacilli
* Tryptophanase- expressing bacteria
* IPA
* I3A
* Indole
* Liver
* Brain
* IPA
* I3A
* Indole
* Indoxyl sulfate
* AST-120
* AhR
* Intestinal immune cells
* Intestinal epithelium
* PXR
* Mucosal homeostasis: ↓TNF-α ↑Junction protein- coding mRNAs
* L cell
* GLP-1
* T J
* Neuroprotectant: ↓Activation of glial cells and astrocytes ↓4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal levels ↓DNA damage –Antioxidant –Inhibits β-amyloid fibril formation
* Maintains mucosal reactivity: ↑IL-22 production
* Associated with vascular disease: ↑Oxidative stress ↑Smooth muscle cell proliferation ↑Aortic wall thickness and calcification
* Associated with chronic kidney disease: ↑Renal dysfunction –Uremic toxin
* Kidneys
* This diagram shows the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds (indole and certain other derivatives) from tryptophan by bacteria in the gut. Indole is produced from tryptophan by bacteria that express tryptophanase. Clostridium sporogenes metabolizes tryptophan into indole and subsequently 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA), a highly potent neuroprotective antioxidant that scavenges hydroxyl radicals. IPA binds to the pregnane X receptor (PXR) in intestinal cells, thereby facilitating mucosal homeostasis and barrier function. Following absorption from the intestine and distribution to the brain, IPA confers a neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease. Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus s.l.) species metabolize tryptophan into indole-3-aldehyde (I3A) which acts on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in intestinal immune cells, in turn increasing interleukin-22 (IL-22) production. Indole itself triggers the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in intestinal L cells and acts as a ligand for AhR. Indole can also be metabolized by the liver into indoxyl sulfate, a compound that is toxic in high concentrations and associated with vascular disease and renal dysfunction. AST-120 (activated charcoal), an intestinal sorbent that is taken by mouth, adsorbs indole, in turn decreasing the concentration of indoxyl sulfate in blood plasma.

## Chemistry

Indole-3-carbaldehyde has reactivity typical of aromatic aldehydes. It can is easily oxidized to indole-3-carboxylic acid. It condenses with nitromethane in a Henry reaction to give 3-nitrovinyl indole.

## Antifungal properties

Indole-3-carbaldehyde has antifungal properties, and partially accounts for the protection from chytridiomycosis seen in amphibian species which carry Janthinobacterium lividum on their skin.