# List of Indonesian islands by population

This is a list of the most populous islands in Indonesia, sorted from the highest to lowest. This list also includes the respective islands' population density as well as their most populous settlements (all of its population statistics are taken from 2014 data, unless noted as otherwise) and comparisons with other countries and territories.
| Ranking | Island | Population | Province(s) | Density (/km$^2$) | Largest settlements | Country/territory of similar population |
| 1 | Java | 151,600,000 (2020) | Banten, West Java, DKI Jakarta, Central Java, East Java, Special Region of Yogyakarta | 1,117 | Jakarta (10,012,271) | Russia |
| 2 | Sumatra | 60,100,000 (2021) | Aceh, Bengkulu, Jambi, Lampung, Riau, West Sumatra, South Sumatra, North Sumatra | 90.4 | Medan (2,497,183) | Italy |
| 3 | Sulawesi | 20,568,411 (2023) | West Sulawesi, North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, Gorontalo | 97 | Makassar (1,398,801) | Kazakhstan |
| 4 | Kalimantan (Indonesian part of Borneo) | 17,259,155 (2023) | Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, West Kalimantan | 28 | Samarinda (842,691) | Cambodia |
| 5 | Papua (Indonesian part of New Guinea) | 5,601,888 (2022) | Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, West Papua | 9.6 | Jayapura (315,872) | Finland |
| 6 | Bali | 4,404,300 (2012) | Bali | 748.7 | Denpasar (856,412) | Kuwait |
| 7 | Madura | 3,622,000 (2010) | East Java | 700.8 | Bangkalan (94,729) (2010) | Uruguay |
| 8 | Lombok | 3,160,000 (2010) | West Nusa Tenggara | 700 | Mataram (420,941) | Armenia |
| 9 | West Timor (Indonesian part of Timor) | 2,016,451 (2014) | East Nusa Tenggara | 127.2 | Kupang (364,014) | Latvia |
| 10 | Flores | 1,831,000 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 135 | Maumere (52,921) | Kosovo |
| 11 | Sumbawa | 1,330,000 (2010) | West Nusa Tenggara | 91.45 | Bima (148,984) | Estonia |
| 12 | Batam | 1,142,646 (2014) | Riau Islands | ≈650 | Batam (1,142,646) | Eswatini |
| 13 | Bangka Island | 960,692 (2010) | Bangka-Belitung | 82.65 | Pangkal Pinang (145,945) | Fiji |
| 14 | Nias | 788,132 (2014) | North Sumatra | 147.8 | Gunungsitoli (139,281) (2017) | Guyana |
| 15 | Sumba | 685,186 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 61.4 | Waingapu (37,459) (2013) | Solomon Islands |
| 16 | Halmahera | 449,938 (2010) | North Maluku | 25.3 | Tobelo (34,099) (2016) | Brunei |
| 17 | Buton | 447,408 (2010) | Southeast Sulawesi | 101.4 | Baubau (137,118) (2010) | Brunei |
| 18 | Ambon Island | 441,000 (2010) | Maluku | 569 | Ambon (368,987) | Brunei |
| 19 | Seram | 434,113 (2010) | Maluku | 25.4 | Masohi (38,735) (2012) | Brunei |
| 20 | Bintan | 329,659 (2010) | Riau Islands | 139.39 | Tanjung Pinang (204,735) (2017) | Iceland |
| 21 | Belitung | 271,868 (2014) | Bangka-Belitung | 56.63 | Tanjung Pandan (95,136) | French Polynesia |
| 22 | Muna | 268,140 (2010) | Southeast Sulawesi | 92.8 | Raha (53,436) | French Polynesia |
| 23 | Tarakan | 253,026 (2016) | North Kalimantan | 956 | Tarakan (253,026) (2016) | Abkhazia |
| 24 | Ternate | 204,215 (2014) | North Maluku | 1,667 | Ternate (204,215) | Samoa |
| 25 | Buru | 162,828 (2010) | Maluku | 17 | Namlea (37,105) (2010) | Curaçao |
| 26 | Alor | 145,299 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 51.9 | Kalabahi (50,927) (2017) | Curaçao |
| 27 | Laut | 140,081 (2010) | South Kalimantan | 66.76 | Kotabaru | Kiribati |
| 28 | Rote | 119,711 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 99.7 | Namodale (3,047) (2010) | Aruba |
| 29 | Lembata | 117,829 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 93 | Nubatukan (33,236) | Aruba |
| 30 | Biak | 112,873 (2010) | Papua | 51.3 | Biak Kota (105,450) | Aruba |
| 31 | Peleng | 109,319 (2010) | Central Sulawesi | 45.4 | - | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
| 32 | Bengkalis | 108,700 (2010) | Riau | 119.3 | Bengkalis (72,961) | Grenada |
| 33 | Adonara | 104,514 (2010) | East Nusa Tenggara | 205.1 | Lamahala Jaya (5,744) (2010) | U.S. Virgin Islands |
Only Indonesian territory is counted in divided islands, which are indicated with brackets and italic text after the respective islands' name