OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Louise Rollins-Smith

Louise Rollins-Smith is a professor of biological sciences, professor of pediatrics, and a professor of pathology, microbiology and immunology at Vanderbilt University. She is known for her work investigating host-pathogen interactions using amphibians as model organisms.

## Education and career

Rollins-Smith received her Bachelor's degree in Biology at Hamline University, Saint Paul, Minnesota, before completing a Masters and a Ph.D. in zoology at the University of Minnesota in 1977. Rollins-Smith was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Rochester before joining Vanderbilt University in 1984.

## Research

Rollins-Smith has studied disease and immunity in amphibians. Her early research was focused upon Lucké renal adenocarcinoma of leopard frogs, the development of immunological tolerance and immune changes at metamorphosis in frogs. Rollins-Smith has also studied the effects of immunotoxic and agricultural chemicals on amphibian immunity. Rollins-Smith's research has examined the link between widespread amphibian declines and the amphibian chytrid fungi, Bactrochochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), particularly in relation to amphibian immunity. Rollins-Smith has also become known for her work on amphibian skin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Alongside her colleagues, she has provided evidence that the effectiveness of AMPs is a valuable predictor of amphibian species susceptibility to the Bd, and that AMPs are potent inhibitors of viral infection, including HIV infection of human T lymphocytes.

## Selected publications

* Carey, Cynthia; Cohen, Nicholas; Rollins-Smith, Louise (1999-09-01). "Amphibian declines: an immunological perspective". Developmental & Comparative Immunology. 23 (6): 459–472. doi:10.1016/S0145-305X(99)00028-2. ISSN 0145-305X. PMID 10512457.
* Rollins-Smith, Louise A. (1998). "Metamorphosis and the amphibian immune system". Immunological Reviews. 166 (1): 221–230. doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.1998.tb01265.x. ISSN 1600-065X. PMID 9914915.
* Woodhams, D. C.; Ardipradja, K.; Alford, R. A.; Marantelli, G.; Reinert, L. K.; Rollins-Smith, L. A. (2007). "Resistance to chytridiomycosis varies among amphibian species and is correlated with skin peptide defenses". Animal Conservation. 10 (4): 409–417. Bibcode:2007AnCon..10..409W. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00130.x. ISSN 1367-9430.
* Rollins-Smith, Louise A. (2009-08-01). "The role of amphibian antimicrobial peptides in protection of amphibians from pathogens linked to global amphibian declines". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1788 (8): 1593–1599. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.03.008. ISSN 0005-2736. PMID 19327341.
* Ramsey, Jeremy P.; Reinert, Laura K.; Harper, Laura K.; Woodhams, Douglas C.; Rollins-Smith, Louise A. (2010). "Immune Defenses against Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a Fungus Linked to Global Amphibian Declines, in the South African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis". Infection and Immunity. 78 (9): 3981–3992. doi:10.1128/iai.00402-10. PMC 2937463. PMID 20584973.
# Conrad Bolston

Conrad Bolston (born January 9, 1985) is an American former professional football defensive tackle. He was originally signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played college football at The University of Maryland.

## College career

Bolston played college football at The University of Maryland.

## Professional career
### Minnesota Vikings

Bolston was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Minnesota Vikings in 2007. He spent the first 12 weeks of the 2007 season on the Vikings' practice squad. On November 28, 2007, he was signed the Vikings active roster and played in one game in which he had one tackle.

### Green Bay Packers

On December 12, 2007, Bolston was signed off waivers from the Minnesota Vikings. Bolston remained on the Packers active roster for the remainder of the regular season and post season but only saw action in the last game of the regular season against the Detroit Lions. Bolston was cut from the Packers on August 31, 2008, when the team reduced their roster to 53 men and is currently a free agent.

## Personal

In September 2008, Bolston was diagnosed with spinal ependymoma. During rehabilitation, he retired from professional football and decided to attend law school. Bolston then worked as an assistant coach at St. John's College High School. In 2013, he graduated from Georgetown University Law Center and joined international law firm Vinson & Elkins LLP in 2018. In 2023, he joined the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission as senior counsel for environmental justice and equity.
# Jakov Labura

Jakov Labura (16 July 1927 – 12 August 2012) was a Croatian rower. He competed in the men's coxed four event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Brunton compass

A Brunton compass, properly known as the Brunton Pocket Transit, is a precision compass made by Brunton, Inc. of Riverton, Wyoming. The instrument was patented in 1894 by Canadian-born geologist David W. Brunton. Unlike most modern compasses, the Brunton Pocket Transit utilizes magnetic induction damping rather than fluid to damp needle oscillation. Although Brunton, Inc. makes many other types of magnetic compasses, the Brunton Pocket Transit is a specialized instrument used widely by those needing to make accurate navigational and slope-angle measurements in the field. Users are primarily geologists, but archaeologists, environmental engineers, mining engineers and surveyors also make use of the Brunton's capabilities. The United States Army has adopted the Pocket Transit as the M2 Compass for use by crew-served artillery.

## Overview

The Pocket Transit may be adjusted for declination angle according to one's location on the Earth. It is used to get directional degree measurements (azimuth) through use of the Earth's magnetic field. Holding the compass at waist-height, the user looks down into the mirror and lines up the target, needle, and guide line that is on the mirror. Once all three are lined up and the compass is level, the reading for that azimuth can be made. Arguably the most frequent use for the Brunton in the field is the calculation of the strike and dip of geological features (faults, contacts, foliation, sedimentary strata, etc.). Strike is measured by leveling (with the bull's eye level) the compass along the plane being measured. Dip is taken by laying the side of the compass perpendicular to the strike measurement and rotating horizontal level until the bubble is stable and the reading has been made. If field conditions allow, additional features of the compass allow users to measure such geological attributes from a distance.
As with most traditional compasses, directional measurements are made in reference to the Earth's magnetic field. Thus, measurements are sensitive to magnetic interference. For example, if the user is near an outcrop that contains magnetite or some other iron-bearing material, compass readings can be affected anywhere from several inches from the outcrop to tens of yards away (depending on the strength of the magnetic field). Since they are measured with a rotating level, dip measurements are unaffected by magnetic interference.

## Other compasses

There are numerous other compasses used by geologists: The Breithaupt compass is one example. Portable electronic devices are changing the way geologists conduct field work. Unlike analogue compasses, a digital compass relies on an accelerometer and a magnetometer, and may provide information about the reliability of a measurement (e.g. by repeating the same measurement and performing statistical analysis).

## Uses

* Taking a bearing
* Measuring vertical angles with clinometer
* Defining points of the same elevation
* Measuring strike and dip.
# X-Squad

X-Squad, known in Japan as X-Fire/Crossfire (XFIRE ~クロスファイア~, XFIRE ~Kurosufaia~), is a PlayStation 2 launch title developed and published by Electronic Arts Square under the EA Games label. It was released on August 3, 2000 in Japan, October 26 in the U.S. and on December 8 in Europe.

## History

X-Squad served as the launch title for the Playstation 2 in North America when it was released on October 26, 2000 with 29 games.

## Plot

Set in 2037, W-Squad has been defeated, Doctor Bianca Noble has been kidnapped and her experiment Project Medusa has been stolen. Ash, the leader of X-Squad, along with teammates Maya, Melinda and Judd, is deployed to rescue Dr. Noble and take down her kidnappers.

## Gameplay

X-Squad takes the form of a third person shooter, with the two analog sticks moving the character and camera respectively. In the game the player leads a group of up to three soldiers through nine levels, giving them commands to perform helpful actions. The player can also use the R1 and L1 buttons strafe.

## Development

EA partnered with Animation Science Corp. for developing the game's 3D animation. An early preview reported the game used 30 fps with a huge amount of motion capture sequences.
The game was formerly known as X-Shooter prior to being known as X-Fire. X-Squad was first shown in Japan in 1999 during the TGS convention. EA showcased the game in the E3 2000 convention.
According to an interview with Mike Jeffress at Electronic Arts, the changes made for the non-Japanese version include English voiceovers, AI improvement, and changes to the story's plot to suit North American audiences. He mentioned that plans were considered to add multiplayer, but it was later discarded due to time constraints and feedback that most players didn't want to fight each other in the game.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 64/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| AllGame | |
| CNET Gamecenter | 6/10 |
| Edge | 6/10 |
| Electronic Gaming Monthly | 6.67/10 |
| EP Daily | 7.5/10 |
| Famitsu | 30/40 |
| Game Informer | 7.5/10 |
| GameFan | (J.W.) 80% 75% |
| GameRevolution | C− |
| GameSpot | 5.3/10 |
| IGN | 6.8/10 |
| Next Generation | |
| Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine | |
| Maxim | 8/10 |
The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Randy Nelson of NextGen called it "A concept game that unfortunately doesn't even get its concept right." In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 30 out of 40.
In one review, Human Tornado of GamePro called it "a great game for the action gamer who longs for a little more to chew on. The graphics are fast and nimble, and the action can be very challenging especially on the higher difficulty level. Even though it doesn't push the envelope, X Squad [sic] is a unique and very entertaining ride." In another GamePro review, Jake The Snake said, "If you can't get enough of third-person shooters, X Squad [sic] gives you plenty of trigger time, but nothing especially innovative or new."
# 1964 Swedish general election

General elections were held in Sweden on 20 September 1964. The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 113 of the 233 seats in the Andra kammaren of the Riksdag. Tage Erlander's Social Democratic government was returned to power.

## Results

| | Swedish Social Democratic Party | 2,006,923 | 47.27 | 113 | –1 |
| | People's Party | 720,733 | 16.98 | 43 | +3 |
| | Right Party | 582,609 | 13.72 | 33 | –6 |
| | Centre Party | 559,632 | 13.18 | 35 | +1 |
| | Communist Party | 221,746 | 5.22 | 8 | +3 |
| | Christian Democratic Unity | 75,389 | 1.78 | 0 | New |
| | Civic Unity | 64,807 | 1.53 | 1 | New |
| | Middle Parties | 13,557 | 0.32 | 0 | New |
| | Other parties | 384 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 4,245,780 | 100.00 | 233 | +1 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 4,245,780 | 99.35 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 27,815 | 0.65 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 4,273,595 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 5,095,850 | 83.86 | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||||
# Reda (fabric mill)

Reda Group is an Italian wool mill established in 1865 by Carlo Reda. The mill is in Valdilana, in the historic Biella region.

## History

Lanificio Carlo Reda e figli (Carlo Reda and Sons Woolen Mill) was founded in 1865 in Valle Mosso, in the Province of Biella, by entrepreneur Carlo Reda, who started the company from an old mill. The company was carried forward by his son Giovanni until Luigi Botto took over in 1919.
After the total destruction of its facilities (then known as Successori Reda) in the 1968 floods, the company was reborn. In 1993, the company bought its first farm in New Zealand and currently owns three: Otamatapaio (1993), Rugged Ridges (1997) and Glenrock (2003), for a total of 74,100 acres and 30,000 sheep.
In 2015 in collaboration with The Woolmark Company, Reda celebrated its 150th anniversary with a touring exhibition and a photography book created with Magnum Photos and curated by Angelo Flaccavento.
In April 2018 the company, owned by the fourth generation of the Botto Poala family, bought Comero, a woolen mill based in Gattinara, Vercelli.
Reda's production is divided across three lines: Reda 1865 (classic fabrics), Reda Active for technical sportswear and Reda Flexo, which uses the ROICA™ V550 polymer. It is one of the few textile companies in the world that manages the entire production chain, from breeding farms in New Zealand to finished fabric.
Rewoolution is Reda Group's activewear line. The range's collections are designed for athletes, mountain lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.
In 2020 Reda became the first textile company in Italy and one of the first worldwide to receive the B Corporation certification.
In November 2020 the company fully acquired Lanieri, a digital start-up in which it already was a minority shareholder.
# Pavao Ljubičić

Pavao Ljubičić (4 July 1918 – 1 June 1944) was a Croatian rower. He competed in three events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Velopharyngeal consonant

The velopharyngeal fricatives, also known as the posterior nasal fricatives, are a family of sounds produced by some children with speech disorders, including some with a cleft palate, as a substitute for sibilants (in English, /s, z, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ, tr, dr/), which cannot be produced with a cleft palate. It results from "the approximation but inadequate closure of the upper border of the velum and the posterior pharyngeal wall." To produce a velopharyngeal fricative, the soft palate approaches the pharyngeal wall and narrows the velopharyngeal port, such that the restricted port creates fricative turbulence in air forced through it into the nasal cavity. The articulation may be aided by a posterior positioning of the tongue and may involve velar flutter (a snorting sound).
The term 'velopharyngeal' indicates "articulation between the upper surface of the velum and the back wall of the naso-pharynx."
The base symbol for a velopharyngeal fricative in the extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for disordered speech is ⟨ʩ⟩, and secondary articulation is indicated with a double tilde, ⟨◌͌⟩. The following variants are described:
* A voiceless velopharyngeal fricative [ʩ]
* A voiced velopharyngeal fricative [ʩ̬]
* A velopharyngeal fricative trill or "snort" (much as epiglottal fricatives tend to be trilled):
** voiceless [𝼀]
** voiced [𝼀̬]
* Other consonants accompanied by velopharyngeal frication, such as [s͌] = [s𐞐], potentially transcribed with an additional ⟨𐞪⟩ to overtly indicate accompanying trill.
The letter for the trill was only adopted in 2015; before then the letter ⟨ʩ⟩ stood for both. Some authorities describe the trilled velopharyngeals as being accompanied by uvular trill rather than velar flutter. Whether this is a difference in interpretation or of pronunciation, it would be explicitly transcribed with a superscript ⟨ʀ⟩: voiceless [ʩ𐞪] and voiced [ʩ̬𐞪].
# Bryan Glazer

Bryan Glazer (born October 27, 1964) is an American businessman. Together with his brothers, Joel Glazer and Edward Glazer, he owns part of the First Allied Corporation, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers National Football League (NFL) franchise, and the English football club Manchester United. His family is based in Florida.

## Early life and education

Glazer was born to Linda and Malcolm Glazer, American businessman and billionaire. Glazer received a bachelor's degree from American University in Washington, D.C. He majored in broadcast communications and was a leader of the Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity. He then received a Juris Doctor degree from the Whittier Law School located in Southern California.

## Career

Glazer is currently executive vice-president of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and was appointed to that position in 1995. He was a key player in the design, development and construction of the Bucs new stadium. He also helped in re-designing the franchise logo. Under Glazer family ownership, the Buccaneers have two Super Bowl titles (XXXVII and LV - which was the first time a Super Bowl team played in its home stadium).
Glazer was appointed a director of Zapata Corporation in 1997, and served in that position until his retirement in 2009.
Glazer is currently a non-executive director of the Manchester United board, appointed by his father, Malcolm Glazer to replace the resigned members. Along with Andy Anson (Manchester United's commercial director) and Jeffrey Ajluni (Tampa Bay Buccaneers director of marketing and business development), Glazer was a key player in signing American International Group (AIG) as the club's new shirt sponsor for the 2006–07 season.

## Philanthropy

In 2016, Glazer donated $4 million to the renovation and conversion of the Fort Homer W. Hesterly Armory into the Bryan Glazer Family Jewish Community Center.

## Personal life

Glazer is married to Shanna Glazer. The couple have a daughter and a son.
# Robbins Memorial Flagstaff

The Robbins Memorial Flagstaff (1913) is a structure supporting and topping a flagpole in Arlington, Massachusetts created by Cyrus Dallin. The supporting sculpture includes a variety of sculptural elements including bronze figures, stone eagles, and snapping turtles with a finial representing American Agriculture. The sculpture resides to the west of Town Hall at 730 Massachusetts Avenue.
The sculpture was commissioned by architect Richard Clipston Sturgis who prepared the site plan for the library/town hall area and designed the adjacent Town Hall. Cyrus Dallin created the sculpture with input by Sturgis. The eagles on the base were executed by the prominent stone carver, John Evans of Boston. On June 25, 1913, this sculpture and the nearby Menotomy Hunter were dedicated and Dallin's speech included a passionate plea for renaming the town of Arlington as Menotomy after the historic significance of its largely vanished inhabitants.
The four figures around the base include a colonial woman teaching a child to read, an Indigenous American woman with a papoose on her back, the Minuteman of 1776, and a man reading a bible. At the time of its creation it was described as "Perhaps as great a test of a sculptor's powers as anything that could be conceived."
The sculpture can be found about 300 yards west of the Cyrus Dallin Art Museum.
* American Agriculture Figure Original can be seen close up in the nearby Cyrus Dallin Art Museum
* Pilgrim Divine
* Squaw Sachem
* Pilgrim Mother and Child
* Patriot
* Eagle
* Ornament
# Amy Ronanye Krause

Amy Ronayne Krause is a judge of the Michigan Court of appeals 4th District.
She has a bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Notre Dame. She was appointed to the appeals court in 2010. Before that she served for eight years as a district judge in Lansing.

## Sources

* Michigan Appeals Court bio
* This biography of a state judge in Michigan is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Stevo Macura

Stevo Macura (born 15 March 1952) is a Croatian rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Qers al-Nafl

Qers al-Nafl (Arabic: قرص النفل) is a hill located in the northern part of Quneitra Governorate in southern Syria. The hill overlooks the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, and serves as an observation and military point in the region.

## Strategic importance

Qers al-Nafl's location offers direct views of Majdal Shams and Israeli supply lines toward the Lebanese border. Due to its elevation and vantage point, it is considered a key position for monitoring and controlling movements in southern Syria and northern Israel.

## History
### Syrian civil war

The hill witnessed military activity during the Syrian civil war when it had a Hezbollah presence. In April 2023, Israeli forces shelled positions held by Syrian government forces and allied militias, including Hezbollah, using heavy artillery. The strikes targeted observation points used by Iranian-backed forces for reconnaissance in the southern Syrian region.
After the fall of the Assad regime, Israeli forces invaded bordering Syrian territory and carried out extensive land clearing and road construction on and around Qers al-Nafl. These activities included creating military routes that connect northern Quneitra villages with the slopes of Mount Hermon near Beit Jinn, located in southwestern Rif Dimashq Governorate. The Israeli forces have also established military positions on the hill, including surveillance cameras and fortifications.
# Standup Girl

Standup Girl is a comedy drama television series centered around an artist Punjabi family from the Walled City of Lahore. It is directed by Kashif Nisar, co-written by Adeel Afzal with Bee Gul as a script supervisor. It first aired in December 2023 on Green Entertainment.

## Plot

Zara is a young woman from Islamabad who dreams of becoming a stand-up comedian. After her mother's death, Zara discovers a shocking family secret that her grandfather, Amir Ali Khan, is a Lahore-based famous comedian.
Zara's world is turned upside down as she learns about her family's past and her own connection to the world of comedy. She decides to move to Lahore to pursue her dreams and start a new life.
In Lahore, Zara meets Kabir, a talented musician and poet who helps her navigate the city's comedy scene. As Zara faces various challenges and struggles to establish herself as a comedian, Kabir becomes a valuable friend and ally.
Throughout the story, Zara's journey is intertwined with the lives of her family members and the people she meets in Lahore. As she discovers more about her family's past and her own place in the world, Zara must confront her fears and doubts to become the comedian she has always wanted to be.

## Cast

* Zara Noor Abbas as Zara
* Danyal Zafar as Kabeer
* Sohail Ahmed as Ameer Khan
* Saqib Sumeer as Raju
* Farah Tufail as Raheela
* Asma Abbas as Zara's mother
* Saad Azhar as Saleem
* Adnan Shah Tipu as Waseem
* Maria Khan as Afreen
* Saba Faisal as Bibi Saein

## Production

In January 2023, details of Kashif Nisar's upcoming project starring Zara Noor Abbas and Danyal Zafar were reported. Principal photography wrapped up in June, and the series' teasers were released by the network in December.

## Critical reception

Rabia Al Raba of the Independent Urdu noted the unique storyline, exploration of Pakistani society and culture, talented cast, catchy music, and engaging storyline but had mixed opinion about Noor Abbas's performance.