OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Christopher Calthorpe

Sir Christopher Calthorpe KB (c. 1645 – 7 February 1718) was an English Member of Parliament.

## Early life and education

Calthorpe was born into a rich Norfolk family which had held manorial property in East Anglia since 1376 and had first represented the county in Parliament under Henry VI. His father was a Parliamentary sympathiser in the Civil War and had held local office under the Commonwealth. His mother, Catherine, was the daughter of Sir Edward Lewkenor of Denham. Calthorpe was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, followed by Middle Temple in 1660. He was invested as a Knight of the Order of the Bath on 23 April 1661.

## Political career

Calthorpe joined the Norfolk Tory political faction headed by Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth, which secured his election to the House of Commons in February 1679, representing Norfolk. However, the legitimacy of his election was challenged by his political rivals, and a by-election was held in May the same year. It was won by the Whig candidate, Sir John Hobart, 3rd Baronet. In 1688, Calthorpe bluntly declared that he could not give his assent to the repeal of the Test Act and Penal Laws, and he was removed from local office as a Justice of the Peace. A non-juror after the Glorious Revolution, he was disarmed in September 1689 at the behest of his rival, Sir Henry Hobart, and in the following summer he was placed in confinement as a person ‘suspected to be dangerous to the peace of the kingdom’. Hobart again had him arrested after the Jacobite assassination plot 1696. He died in 1718.

## Personal life

He married Dorothy, the youngest daughter of Sir William Spring, 1st Baronet, in 1664, with whom he had five sons and nine daughters.
# Chapelgill Hill

Chapelgill Hill is a hill in the Culter Hills range, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It is frequently climbed from the north-west, taking in the range's, and South Lanarkshire's, highest summit, Culter Fell.

## Subsidiary SMC Summits

| Summit | Height (m) | Listing |
| Cardon Hill | 675 | Tu,Sim,DT,GT,DN |
# Santa Maria Assunta, Grignasco

Santa Maria Assunta (St Mary of the Assumption) is a late-Baroque style, Roman Catholic parish church located in the town of Grignasco, in the Province of Novara in the region of Piedmont, Italy. The small parish church was designed by the Piedmontese architect Bernardo Vittone.

## History and description

The church was erected starting in 1751 and completed in 1770. The church has a centralized plan. The interior stucco was completed by Francesco Pellegrino and Giovanni Battista Morazzone. The scenographic staircases with a fountain in front of the elaborate convex facade were designed by Vittone, but completed posthumously.
The interior has an altarpiece depicting the Assumption of the Virgin (circa 1782) attributed to Giuseppe Mazzola.
# Lukáš Milo

Lukáš Milo (born October 19, 1983 in Vitkov) is a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for the Czech Republic.
Milo represented the Czech Republic at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He competed at the 100 metres sprint and placed 5th in his heat without advancing to the second round. He ran the distance in a time of 10.52 seconds.
# Frank Heywood Hodder

Frank Heywood Hodder (November 8, 1860, Aurora, Illinois - December 27, 1935) was an American historian and a professor first at Cornell University (1885-1890) and later at the University of Kansas.

## Biography

Hodder took his degrees from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1883, studying under Charles Kendall Adams. He then served in the Federal government at Washington, D.C., through 1885. Hodder later studied in Germany at the universities of Göttingen and Freiburg, 1890-1891 and took a full professorship at Kansas in the early 1890s, and was elevated the chairman of the History Department in 1908. Hodder was a member of the Organization of American Historians, Kansas State Historical Society, the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, and the Irving Literary Society. he Hodder died at Lawrence, Kansas after a heart attack, on December 27, 1935. He was survived by his wife, Anna Florence Moon, and two daughters.

## Expertise

Hodder is known for position on the Kansas-Nebraska Act, namely that the Act was offered by then Senator Stephen Douglas to ensure that the city of Chicago would serve as a railroad nexus of the North American continent. Professor Hodder’s Government of the People of Kansas (1895) caused controversy within the state regarding its record of the events preceding the American Civil War.
Hodder was introduced to the study of history just as several well-known practitioners in the field urged the profession to investigate the historical development of institutions at the state and local level. Hodder's first recorded research fell within this genre, "The City Government of Chicago," scheduled for publishing in the Johns Hopkins University Studies in History and Political Science but not included in the series addressing municipal government. The Chicago monograph was Hodder’s first evidence of future pursuits regarding the historical development of Chicago. His legacy to the field of American history was in the study of that city, especially in his later career.
# Clowns of Decadence

Clowns of Decadence were an Australian rock, punk band from Adelaide, South Australia, which formed in 1988 and deployed elements of circus music and performance. The group released three extended plays and an album, Clowns of a Lesser God (1994) on Homegrown Artists / Siren Records before disbanding in 1998.

## Biography

Clowns of Decadence formed in 1988 in Adelaide as a rock, punk band deploying elements of circus music and performance. They included three members of Festered Vestoons and one from Toxic Avengers, by June 1990 they were named as Clowns of Decadence and had "adopted a performance image of wearing clown makeup and silly clothes to back up their politico-protest leanings". They toured interstate with gigs in Sydney and Melbourne.
In 1993 the group issued a four-track extended play on Homegrown Artists, Kamikaze Karnival. The disc was produced by Tony Nesci and recorded at his studios. One of the tracks, "Alien Sex Romp", was co-written by Mark Fenech, Stephen Hards (JJ Hi-jinx/Hardsy), Matt Jonsson (Trolla Bolla Snatcha Razoo), Colin Morris, Craig Spencer (Cappo Skum-fakir/Spako Airhead) and Craig Stone. By 1994 they released a second EP, Dirty Tricks Incorporated, on Siren Records, with five tracks including "Snake Like a Tongue". The latter track appeared on a various artists' compilation album, Lot's: The CD (1994), which was included with Lot's Wife, a student newspaper at Monash University.
In 1995 they released Too Ugly for Airplay, a four-track EP including "New Age Neurotic". It was produced by Mick Wordley, Evan James and the Clowns of Decadence; and recorded at Mixmasters Studios. Clowns of a Lesser God followed in 1996, it was a full-length studio album.
By 1998 the group had disbanded, Hards and Spencer joined alternate rock group, Jonny Don't Play. In June 2012, Fenech, Jonsson and Stone registered the name "Clowns of Decadence" as a music entertainment service.

## Members
### As credited on the 1994 album, Dirty Tricks Incorporated

* Stephen Hards aka JJ Hi-Jinx aka Hardsy – saxophone, clarinet, fire blowhard
* Matt Jonsson aka Trolla Bolla Snatcha Razoo – drums, art, mad ravings & bizarre facial contortions
* Craig Spencer aka Cappo Skum-fakir aka Spako Airhead – bass guitar, guitar, vocals, clown co-ordination
* Ocker Bozo (vocals, trumpet, excess)
* Lord Stingy (guitars, pyromania, penny pinching)
* Reverend Spud McGeek (piano, synth, vocals, Guinness)
* Marshall Benzene – bass guitar, fire cadet, stilt walker (1993 –1998)
* Doc Boom (Bass guitar) (1998-onwards)

## Discography
### Albums

* Clowns of a Lesser God (1996)

### Extended plays

* Kamikaze Karnival (1993)
* Dirty Tricks Incorporated (1994)
* Too Ugly for Airplay (1995)

### Other appearances

* "Big Green Couch of Hope" (on compilation album [Grind Em Down - 1992)
* "If Pain Could Turn to Gold" (on compilation album Let's Make Cents)
* "New Age Neurotic" (on compilation album Triple M Presents on the Edge of the World - 1995)
# David Worth Dennis House

David Worth Dennis House, also known as Woodlawn, is a historic home located at Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana. It was built in 1895, and is a two-story, cubic, Queen Anne style brick dwelling. It has a hipped roof with lower cross-gables and a two-story gabled wing designed by architect John A. Hasecoster and added in 1909. It features a two-story porch and single-story porte cochere. It's builder's grandson was U.S. Congressman David W. Dennis.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
# David and M. Maria Hughes House

The David and M. Maria Hughes House is a historic building located in Williamsburg, Iowa, United States. David Hughes, a Williamsburg native, was serving as Iowa County Superintendent of Schools and deputy clerk of court when he established the Iowa Lumber Company. The company was renamed Hughes and Brother Lumber when his brother John joined the business. The brothers became wealthy as the result of a building boom in town after the arrival of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad in 1884. David's wife M. Maria (Morse) Hughes was a school teacher. Because of poor eyesight, Hughes retired the year the house was completed, and he sold his share of the business to his brother. He and his wife relocated to their other home in Long Beach, California in 1906, where they owned a considerable amount of real estate. The house remained a single-family dwelling until 1951 when it was divided into three apartments. Starting in the 1980s three separate owners have worked to return the house to its original floor plan.
The Cedar Rapids, Iowa architectural firm of Dieman and Fiske designed the Hughes' house, and it was constructed by local builder Will Long. The 2+1⁄2-story frame structure is a free classic Queen Anne house built on a limestone foundation. It features a wraparound porch, a hipped roof with a front dormer and cross gables, and a corner tower with a finial. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
# Velásquez

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#REDIRECT Diego Velázquez
# David and Mary Kinne Farmstead

David and Mary Kinne Farmstead is a historic home and farm complex located at Ovid in Seneca County, New York. The complex consists of a Greek Revival style farmhouse and seven historic agricultural outbuildings. By family tradition, the house is believed to have been built about 1850 and is believed to have been used as a stop on the Underground Railroad. The outbuildings all date to the mid- to late-19th century and include an outhouse, machine shop, carriage house, horse barn, scale house, gambrel roof barn, and machine shed.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.
# AIL Abir

The M462 Abir (English: "Knight") is a 4x4 military vehicle in service with the Israel Defense Forces, developed by Automotive Industries Ltd. to serve as a replacement for the M325.

## Specifications

The M462 can carry 13 troops or a cargo of 1800 kg. The M462 can be fitted with one forward machine gun and a side machine gun.

## Variants

* M462 Abir: standard model.
* M462 ATGM Portee: with BGM-71 TOW.
* M462 M40A2 Portee: with M40A2 106mm recoilless rifle.
* M462 Rhino: a 4x4 armoured vehicle based on the M462, used for high-risk area patrol, riot control, special operations, and command post.
* M462 Fire: bush fire engine.
* M462 Ambulance: military ambulance, 4 litter cases or 8 sitting patients.
* Anti-tank: armed with two Nimrod anti-tank missile pods

## Operators
### Actual

* Azerbaijan
* Colombia
* Peru
* Guatemala

### Former

* Israel
# 449P/Leonard

449P/Leonard is a periodic comet that orbits the Sun once every 6.83 years. Studies in 2022 show that 449P was a rediscovery of a previously lost comet that was spotted in 1987.

## Discovery and observations

On 29 September 2020, Gregory J. Leonard discovered a new comet about 21.5 in apparent magnitude from images taken from the 1.5 m (59 in) telescope of the Mount Lemmon Observatory. Orbital calculations showed it had reached its most recent perihelion on 23 November 2020, and it has frequent close passes with Jupiter, where the comet had passed about 0.064 AU (9.6 million km) from the giant planet in 1983, reducing its orbital period from 13.2 years to just 6.82 years.
In 2022, Maik Meyer linked the 449P with the previously lost comet, X/1987 A2, which was discovered by Robert H. McNaught and Malcolm Hartley from the Siding Spring Observatory on 5 January 1987. This precovery image of the comet was not found until March 1987, hence precise follow-up observations were not possible at the time. Subsequently, scientists have also identified P/2013 Y6 as another previous apparition of the comet, which was observed from the Mauna Kea Observatory between 2013 and 2014.
The comet will next return to the inner Solar System on 25 September 2027.
# Vadim Tatarov

Vadim Tatarov (born May 3, 1971) is a Moldovan former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. He is a two-time Olympian (1996 and 2000), and a former Moldovan record holder in both 100 and 200 m breaststroke.
Tatarov made his Olympic debut, as a 25-year-old, at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He failed to reach the top 16 final in any of his individual events, finishing thirtieth in the 100 m breaststroke (1:04.87), and twenty-eighth in the 200 m breaststroke (2:21.34).
At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Tatarov swam only in the 100 m breaststroke. He achieved a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:05.53 from the Russian Open Championships in Saint Petersburg. He established a Moldovan record of 1:04.12 to power past the entire field with an unexpected triumph in heat three, coming from an outside lane. Tatarov's first-place effort was not enough to put him through to the semifinals, as he placed thirty-sixth overall in the prelims.
# Veronica Vdovicenco

Veronica Vdovicenco (born August 27, 1985) is a Moldovan swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Vdovicenco qualified for the women's 50 m freestyle at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by clearing a FINA B-standard entry time of 26.30 from the Belarus Championships in Minsk. She challenged seven other swimmers on the sixth heat, including returning Olympian Ellen Lendra Hight of Zambia. She raced to fifth place by 0.28 of a second behind Christel Simms of the Philippines, with a time of 26.92 seconds. Vdovicenco failed to advance into the semifinals, as she placed fiftieth out of 92 swimmers in the preliminary heats.
# Byron J. Johnson

Byron Jerald Johnson (August 2, 1937 – December 9, 2012) was a justice of the Idaho Supreme Court from 1988 to 1999.

## Biography

Johnson graduated from Harvard College, where he competed on the baseball team, and Harvard Law School in 1962.
In 1980, Johnson served on a committee assembled at the request of the Idaho Supreme Court to recommend revisions to the state's criminal sentencing statutes, for which Johnson wrote standards that came to by used by judges in the state in sentencing in capital cases.
On December 17, 1987, Governor Cecil Andrus announced Johnson's appointment to the state supreme court, having selected Johnson from a list of candidates recommended by the Idaho Judicial Council. Andrus cited Johnson's experience and status as a practicing attorney in making the decision.
Johnson died at his home in Boise following complications of mandibular cancer, at the age of 75.
# Iaroslav Mușinschi

Iaroslav Mușinschi (born 8 August 1976) is a Moldovan long-distance runner who competes in marathon races. He represented his country at the Summer Olympics in 2000, 2008 and 2012.

## Biography

Born in Chișinău and raised in Ocnița, he originally specialized in the 3000 metres steeplechase. In that event he finished fourteenth at the 2001 Summer Universiade and fourth at the 2003 Summer Universiade, and competed at the 2000 Olympic Games without reaching the final. His personal best time is 8:29.98 minutes, achieved in July 1999 in Belaya Tserkov. During the indoor season he competed in the 3000 metres. Here he competed at the 2001 World Indoor Championships, the 2006 World Indoor Championships and the 2007 European Indoor Championships without reaching the final.
He has later shifted to the marathon. He competed without finishing at the 2007 World Championships, and finished 41st at the 2008 Olympic Games. He ran a personal best time of 2:11:43 hours in October 2008 at the Istanbul Marathon and improved further to record a time of 2:10:15 hours at the 2009 Ljubljana Marathon, where he was edged into second place in the final stretch by Kenya's William Biama. He won the Düsseldorf Marathon in April 2010, setting a course record and personal best time of 2:08:32. He performed poorly at the Lake Biwa Marathon in March 2011 as he finished two minutes behind the top 15 athletes. His best run of the year (2:12:07) came at the Gyeongju International Marathon, where he finished in fourth place. He competed in the marathon at the 2012 Summer Olympics, finishing in 25th place.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 2004 | Podgorica Marathon | Podgorica, Montenegro | 1st | Marathon | 2:21:41 |
| 2005 | Podgorica Marathon | Podgorica, Montenegro | 1st | Marathon | 2:23:59 |
| 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | — | Marathon | DNF |
| 2008 | Podgorica Marathon | Podgorica, Montenegro | 1st | Marathon | 2:14:50 |
# قاصد

قاصد (Arabic: قاصد, romanized: qāṣid, lit. 'messenger'; Persian: قاصد, romanized: ghased, lit. 'messenger'; Urdu: قاصد, lit. 'courier' Uyghur pronunciation:) may refer to:
* Qasid (disambiguation) (Arabic: قاصد, lit. 'messenger';)
* Qased (disambiguation) (Arabic: قاصد, lit. 'courier'; Persian: قاصد, lit. 'courier';)
* Ghased (disambiguation) (Persian: قاصد, lit. 'messenger';)
# George Henley (judge)

George Washington Henley, Jr. (May 13, 1890 – February 19, 1965) was a justice of the Indiana Supreme Court for two months, from March 15, 1955, to May 23, 1955.
Born in Washington, D.C., Henley received a Bachelor of Arts from Indiana University Bloomington in 1913, followed by an LL.B. from the Indiana University School of Law in 1914. Having been admitted to the bar that year, he entered private practice and "represented a variety of corporate clients", also serving as a member of the Indiana House of Representatives from 1937 to 1947. Thereafter, he became a director of the Monon Railroad.
On February 25, 1955, Justice Frank E. Gilkison died, leaving a vacancy in the court. On March 15, 1955, Governor George N. Craig appointed Henley to the seat. Henley agreed to the appointment with the understanding that he would serve until the end of the court's term, on May 21, as he could not afford to be away from his private practice longer than that. Henley "told the press that he did not want the appointment, but he only wanted the prestige of having served". On April 14, 1955, Craig announced Henley's imminent resignation, and on May 23, 1955, Craig appointed Norman Arterburn to the seat, supplanting Henley; Arterburn would go on to serve for 22 years.
Henley died in Bloomington, Indiana, and was eulogized by Indiana University chancellor Herman B Wells, and interred in Rose Hill Cemetery.
# Rapp (surname)

Rapp is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adam Rapp (born 1968), American novelist
* Alfred Rapp (1933–2011), German politician
* Anders Rapp (1927–1998), Swedish geomorphologist
* Anthony Rapp (born 1971), American stage and film artist
* Barbara Rapp (born 1972), Austrian artist
* Bernard Rapp (1945–2006), French film director and television news presenter
* C. J. Rapp, American beverage inventor
* Danny Rapp (1941–1983), American musician
* Elizabeth Farrow Rapp (1926–2010), All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
* Emily Susan Rapp (born 1974), American author and academic
* George Rapp (1757–1847), pietist, German-American religious leader of the Harmony Society
* Jean Rapp (1771–1821), French lieutenant general
* Johan Rapp (born 2001), Swedish footballer
* Karl Friedrich Rapp (1882–1962), German engineer, founder of Rapp Motorenwerke GmbH
* Katharina Rapp (born 1948), German artist
* Larry Rapp (born 1948), American actor
* Lea Bayers Rapp (born 1946), American non-fiction writer
* Marcel Rapp (born 1979), German football manager
* Marcello Rapp, better known as "Cello Dias", bass guitarist for Against All Will
* Marco Rapp (born 1991), German footballer
* Mitch Rapp, fictional character
* Nicki Rapp (born 1972), American video game voice actress
* Nicolai Rapp (born 1996), German footballer
* Peter Rapp (born 1983), German long jumper
* Philip Rapp (1907–1996), film and television director and screenwriter
* Ray Rapp (born 1945), a Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly
* Reneé Rapp (born 2000), American actress and singer
* Richard Rapp, former New York City Ballet dancer
* Siegfried Rapp (1915–1982), German one-handed classical pianist
* Simone Rapp (born 1992), Swiss footballer
* Taylor Rapp (born 1997), American football player
* Tom Rapp (1947–2018), American singer-songwriter
* Torsten Rapp (1905–1993), Swedish Air Force general
* Vern Rapp (1928–2015), Major League Baseball manager and coach
* Valentin Rapp (born 1992), German squash player
# Dr. Alexander C. Brabson House

The Dr. Alexander C. Brabson House is a historic house in rural Macon County, North Carolina. It is located off Academy Road (SR 1117) near the community of Otto.

## Description and history

The house consists of a 2+1⁄2-story main block with a side gable roof, and a rear single-story ell. A shed-roof porch extends across the main facade, in which a pair of windows flank a double-leaf door. The house was built in 1884 by Dr. Alexander C. Brabson, a longtime local country doctor known for his treatment of milk sickness.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 23, 1990.
# Dr. Arch Jordan House

Dr. Arch Jordan House, also known as the manse for Little River Presbyterian Church, is a historic home located near Caldwell, Orange County, North Carolina. It was built about 1875, and is a two-story, single pile, central hall plan, Italianate style frame dwelling. It features a central projecting gable, bracketed eaves, and a columned porch with a low hipped roof. Attached at the rear is an originally-separate two-story kitchen building. Also on the property are the contributing combination smokehouse/food storage shed, log and weatherboard tobacco barn, and 1+1⁄2-story main barn.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. Dr. Jordan, a prominent physician. Across NC 57 Dr. Jordan built the Little River General Store and Pharmacy, circa 1870. He taught at the nearby Caldwell Institute, a residential secondary school during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
# Marco Rapp

Marco Rapp (born 5 June 1991) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.