OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Operation Habitat

The 1991 uprisings in Iraq were a series of anti-governmental intifada (rebellions) in Southern and Northern Iraq during the aftermath of the Gulf War in March–April 1991. On 16 May 1991, 75 Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel were deployed to Kurdistan, northern Iraq on Operation Habitat, Australia's contribution to the multinational response known as Operation Provide Comfort.
The goal of this mission was to defend approximately 4 million Kurdish people fleeing their homes in the aftermath of the Gulf War and supply them with humanitarian aid. When the ADF contingent arrived, the situation was improving but was far from normal. The Kurds were living in tents located on the side of the road or in their destroyed villages. Poor water supply and sanitation was a major problem. Temperatures were in the high 40s to low 50s °C and high tens during the night. Accommodation for the ADF personnel consisted of canvas tents.
The ADF contingent was located at Gir-i-Pit, approximately 30 km north of Dahak in northern Iraq. Four medical teams of five personnel each were deployed, each consisting of a medical officer, nursing officer and three medical assistants. Each team had an interpreter attached. A dental team, preventative health team, engineering section and headquarters/administration support group were also deployed. Personnel were sourced primarily from the 2nd Field Ambulance of the Operational Deployment Force (the 3rd Brigade) in Townsville and from various units in the ADF including members from the 1st Health Support Battalion (1HSB).
ADF medical teams operated in an area approximately 500 km$^2$. While one medical team remained at base, the other three medical teams would travel approximately 200 km and treat 60–100 patients each day. More than 3,000 patients were seen by the ADF medical teams, with over 80% of those being paediatric. The common conditions treated included diarrhoea, dehydration, malnutrition, scabies, respiratory tract infections, malaria, typhoid fever, anaemia, and a range of chronic diseases. Fragmentation injuries were also seen due to the vast number of land mines and unexploded ammunition littered across the countryside.
According to Little and Hodge, by the time the ADF personnel had completed Operation Habitat on 30 June 1991, life for the Kurdish people was returning to normal and health in the region was rapidly improving. Kurds were returning to their farms, rebuilding their villages and the children were going back to school.
# Just Lippe

Just Lippe (13 January 1904 – 24 March 1978) was a Norwegian journalist and politician for the Communist Party.
He was born in Bergen as the son of Jakob von der Lippe (1870–1954). He was related to the von der Lippes family (as follows): brothers Frits and Jens, brother-in-law Margrethe, grandson of Conrad Fredrik, great-grandson of Bishop Jacob and first cousin once removed of Admiral Jakob and whaler Anton.
He joined the Norwegian Labour Party in 1921, but joined the Communist Party when it split from Labour. In 1927 he was imprisoned (five weeks of detention, without conviction) together with Henry W. Kristiansen, Otto Luihn and Albin Eines, after a police raid in the party offices. He was a secretary in the Young Communist League of Norway from 1925 to 1929, and chaired the organization from 1927 to 1928. In 1928 he became an executive committee member of the Young Communist International. In 1929 he became a member of the Communist Party secretariat. In the early 1930s he headed the Scandinavian section of the International Lenin School in Moscow, before he was relocated to Vladivostok. He later returned to Norway. He was a central board member of the Communist Party from 1937 to 1945 and 1950 to 1972. From 1949 to 1963 he was the party secretary. During the Second World War, he fled to Sweden in 1941 to escape the German occupation of Norway. He was imprisoned in Sweden for a year and a half, and when released, he continued to the United Kingdom where he enrolled in the Norwegian military-in-exile.
He worked as a journalist in Arbeideren before the war, and in Friheten from 1947 to 1949. In 1963 he edited the official party history, Norges kommunistiske partis historie.
# Mohegan–Pequot Bridge

The Mohegan–Pequot Bridge is a steel girder bridge in Montville and Preston, Connecticut that carries Route 2A over the Thames River. It was built in 1967 as a toll bridge, but the tolls were removed in 1980. The bridge is the northernmost crossing of the Thames River.
# Shawneetown Bridge

The Earle C. Clements Bridge, commonly known as the Shawneetown Bridge, is a cantilever truss bridge carrying Kentucky Route 56 and Illinois Route 13 across the Ohio River. Clements was governor of Kentucky in 1947–50 and U.S. senator in 1950–56. The bridge connects Old Shawneetown, Illinois, to rural Union County, Kentucky, where Clements was born, raised and held local office. Opened in 1955, it is the only highway bridge over the Ohio between Paducah, Kentucky, and Evansville, Indiana. Tolls were removed from the bridge June 30, 1978.
The Shawneetown Bridge was featured in a scene in the film U.S. Marshals. The film's crash scene was filmed several miles downstream in Pope County, Illinois.
# List of metropolitan areas of South Carolina

This is a list of metropolitan areas of South Carolina, a state in the Southeastern United States. It is bordered to the north by North Carolina; to the south and west by Georgia, located across the Savannah River; and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean.
| Rank | Metropolitan statistical area (MSA) | Population (2020) |
| 1 | Greenville-Anderson-Greer | 928,195 |
| 2 | Columbia | 829,470 |
| 3 | Charleston-North Charleston | 799,636 |
| 4 | Spartanburg | 355,241 |
| 5 | Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach | 351,029 |
| 6 | Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Port Royal | 215,908 |
| 7 | Florence | 199,964 |
| 8 | Sumter | 105,556 |
| | Total | 3,784,999 |
| Rank | Combined Statistical Area | Population (2020) |
| 1 | Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson | 1,487,610 |
| 2 | Columbia-Sumter-Orangeburg | 951,412 |
| 3 | Myrtle Beach-Conway | 551,126 |
| | Total | 2,990,148 |
# Sorbus scopulina

Sorbus scopulina, also known as Greene's mountain-ash, is a North American species of rowan within the rose family. Although it may resemble poisonous species of baneberries, its own fruits are edible.

## Description

It is a shrub or small tree growing up to 5 metres (16 feet) tall. Its pinnate leaves have 9–13 leaflets. The flowers have five white-to-cream petals, each a few centimetres in length. The fruit is an orange-to-red pome about 1.5 cm (1⁄2 inch) across. The plant can be confused with poisonous baneberries, particularly the red baneberry.

## Taxonomy

The common name of the species honors American botanist Edward Lee Greene. Throughout the Cascade Mountains and the Pacific Northwest portions of its habitat, it is commonly called Cascade mountain-ash, sometimes listed as Sorbus scopulina var. cascadensis.

## Distribution and habitat

It is native to western North America, primarily in the Rocky Mountains. Various birds and mammals, including bears, consume the fruit.

## Uses

Despite their resemblance to poisonous baneberries, the edible fruits were used by Native Americans and early settlers, being cooked and made into jelly. They taste bitter when fresh, and are better when they redden.
# François Mersch

François Mersch (9 June 1913 – 15 February 1983) was a Luxembourgish sprinter who comepeted at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

At the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, Mersch competed in the men's 100 metres competition.
Mersch finished second behind Arturo Maffei in the long jump event at the 1938 AAA Championships. Shortly afterwards in September, at the 1938 European Athletics Championships he competed in the long jump finishing 9th in the final.
# Retention uniformity

Retention uniformity, or R$_U$, is a concept in thin layer chromatography. It is designed for the quantitative measurement of equal-spreading of the spots on the chromatographic plate and is one of the chromatographic response functions.

## Formula

Retention uniformity is calculated from the following formula:
$R_{U}=1-{\sqrt {{\frac {6(n+1)}{n(2n+1)}}\sum _{i=1}^{n}{\left(R_{Fi}-{\frac {i}{n+1}}\right)^{2}}}}$
where n is the number of compounds separated, R$_{f(1...n)}$ are the retention factor of the compounds sorted in non-descending order.

## Theoretical considerations

The coefficient lies always in range <0,1> and 0 indicates worst case of separation (all R$_f$ values equal to 0 or 1), value 1 indicates ideal equal-spreading of the spots, for example (0.25,0.5,0.75) for three solutes, or (0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8) for four solutes.
This coefficient was proposed as an alternative to earlier approaches, such as D (separation response), I$_p$ (performance index) or S$_m$ (informational entropy). Besides its stable range, the advantage is a stable distribution as a random variable, regardless of compounds investigated.
In contrast to the similar concept called retention distance, R$_u$ is insensitive to R$_f$ values close to 0 or 1, or close to themselves. If two values are not separated, it still indicates some uniformity of chromatographic system. For example, the R$_f$ values (0,0.2,0.2,0.3) (two compounds not separated at 0.2 and one at the start ) result in R$_U$ equal to 0.3609.
# 1874 Kansas gubernatorial election

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
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The 1874 Kansas gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1874. Incumbent Republican Thomas A. Osborn defeated Democratic nominee James C. Cusey with 56.41% of the vote.

## General election
### Candidates

Major party candidates
* Thomas A. Osborn, Republican
* James C. Cusey, Democratic
Other candidates
* W. K. Marshall, Temperance

### Results

1874 Kansas gubernatorial election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Thomas A. Osborn (incumbent) | 48,794 | 56.41% |
| | Democratic | James C. Cusey | 35,301 | 40.81% |
| | Prohibition | W. K. Marshall | 2,277 | 2.63% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 13,493 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Swing | |
# The Christhunt

The Christhunt is an album released in 1992 by Dutch death metal band God Dethroned.
The style on this album is a relatively pure death metal sound with Satanic lyrics, though more melodic black metal sections foreshadowing future releases can be heard in multiple songs such as "Christ Carnage" and "The Christhunt". By the release of this album, the band had already gone through several lineup changes, and furthermore Henri Sattler is the only member who participated on this album who returned for the album's follow-up, 1997's The Grand Grimoire.

## Track listing

* "Intro:Necrosapiens" - 0:47
* "Hordes of Lucifer" - 5:50
* "Christ Carnage" - 6:05
* "Infernal Sights of a Bloody Dawn (Morbid Rites)" - 8:31
* "Necromagnon" - 4:14
* "The Christhunt" - 5:37
* "Cadavers" - 5:49
* "Unholdin of Hewe" - 6:02
* "God Dethroned" - 5:52

## Recording lineup

* Henri Sattler - vocals & guitar
* Oscar Carre - guitar
* Marco Arends - bass guitar
* Ard de Weerd - drums
* This 1990s death metal album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Banitsa, Vratsa Province

Banitsa (Bulgarian: Баница) is a village in Vratsa Municipality, Vratsa Province, northwestern Bulgaria. As of 2005 its population is 1,328.
The great Bulgarian poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev was killed nearby.

## Gallery

* Elementary school "Hristo Botev"
* Chitalishte "Svetlina"
* Church "Ascension of Jesus"
* The church belfry
* Old cross near the church entrance
* Memorial plaque to Vasil Levski's visit in early September 1872
* Memorial plaque to Georgi Dimitrov's visit on 15 April 1923
* Sculpture composition in the centre of the village
# Milica Ostojić

Milica Ostojić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милица Остојић, born 16 October 1991) is a Serbian Olympic swimmer.
She represented Serbia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. At only 16 years of age, she was the youngest member of the Serbian Olympic team. She participated in the women's 200 metre freestyle, in which she took 40th place overall among 46 competitors with a time of 2.03.19.
# Gulou Dajie station

Gulou Dajie Station (simplified Chinese: 鼓楼大街站; traditional Chinese: 鼓樓大街站; pinyin: Gǔlóudàjiē Zhàn; lit. 'Gulou Street') is a station on Line 2 and Line 8 of the Beijing Subway. The connection to line 8 opened on December 30, 2012.

## Station layout

Both the line 2 and 8 stations have underground island platforms.

## Exits

There are 6 exits, lettered A1, A2, B, E, F, and G. Exit B is accessible.

## Gallery

* Line 2 east concourse
* Line 2 west concourse
* Line 8 concourse (February 2014)
* Line 8 concourse (May 2021)
* Line 8 Art work
* A train of Line 2 is arriving at Guloudajie Station
# Book frontispiece

A frontispiece in books is a decorative or informative illustration facing a book's title page, usually on the left-hand, or verso, page opposite the right-hand, or recto page of a book. In some ancient editions or in modern luxury editions the frontispiece features thematic or allegorical elements, in others is the author's portrait that appears as the frontispiece. In medieval illuminated manuscripts, a presentation miniature showing the book or text being presented (by whom and to whom varies) was often used as a frontispiece.

## Etymology

The word comes from the French frontispice, which derives from the late Latin frontispicium, composed of the Latin frons ('forehead') and specere ('to look at'). It was synonymous with 'metoposcopy'. In English, it was originally used as an architectural term, referring to the decorative facade of a building. In the 17th century, in other languages as in Italian, the term came to refer to the title page of a book, which at the time was often decorated with intricate engravings that borrowed stylistic elements from architecture, such as columns and pediments.
Over the course of the 17th century, the title page of a book came to be accompanied by an illustration on the facing page (known in Italian as antiporta), so that in English the term took on the meaning it retains today as early as 1682. By then, the English spelling had also morphed, by way of folk etymology, from 'frontispice' to 'frontispiece' ('front' + 'piece').

## Examples gallery

* A frontispiece and title page of Matthias Klostermayr's biography (1772)
* A portrait of Yung Wing used as the frontispiece of his 1909 book My Life in China and America
* Frontispiece to A popular treatise on the winds: Comprising the general motions of the atmosphere, monsoons, cyclones, tornadoes, waterspouts, hail-storms, etc. by William Ferrel (1904)
* Title page and frontispiece to Telliamed by Benoît de Maillet (1749)
* Title page and frontispiece to volume I1 of Joannis Kepleri Astronomi Opera Omnia by Johannes Kepler (1858)
* Frontispiece and title page to De Rerum Natura by Titus Lucretius Carus (1754)
* Frontispiece and title page to volume I of Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon (1774)
* Frontispiece illustration from Johann Bode's Anleitung zur Kentniss des Gestirnten Himmels (1772)
* Frontispiece of the first edition of the memoirs of Pierre Victor, Baron de Besenval de Brunstatt, showing his portrait (1805)
* Frontispiece of the seventh edition of Germain Brice's Paris travel guide (1717). This is a special print dedicated to August Wilhelm, Herzog von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
# Curt Sjöberg

Curt Josef Sjöberg (January 26, 1897 – April 12, 1948) was a Swedish gymnast and diver who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics, in the 1924 Summer Olympics, and in the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was born and died in Stockholm.
Sjöberg was part of the Swedish team, which won the gold medal in the gymnastics men's team, Swedish system event in 1920. In 1924 he finished seventh in the 3 metre springboard competition. Four years later he was eliminated in the first round of the 1928 3 metre springboard event.
# Motorcycle Stability Control

Motorcycle Stability Control (MSC) is a motorcycle electronic brake control system developed by Robert Bosch GmbH. It is a lean-sensitive variation of the traditional ABS system Anti-lock braking system.

## Overview

The MSC system uses accelerometers and/or gyroscopic sensors to evaluate how close to the limit of adhesion the motorcycle is cornering. It reduces the allowable braking tire slip ratio, reducing the braking force, thus preventing the tire skid, and keeping the motorcycle from falling into the turn, or low-siding.
Unlike the automotive Electronic stability control, the MSC engages only if the rider is using the brakes. The system redistributes the total force generated by the tire by reducing the longitudinal braking force and allowing the lateral cornering force to increase up to the limit of adhesion, if needed to maintain the lean angle of the motorcycle. It cannot prevent motorcycle crashes if they are caused by a loss of traction on slippery surfaces when the rider is only cornering and not applying the brakes.
The first production motorcycle with the MSC system was the 2014 KTM 1190 Adventure.
# Kidnap (1974 film)

Kidnap (Italian: Fatevi vivi, la polizia non interverrà) is a 1974 Italian poliziottesco film. It stars actor Gabriele Ferzetti.

## Cast

* Henry Silva as Commissario Caprile
* Rada Rassimov as Marta
* Philippe Leroy as Il Professore
* Gabriele Ferzetti as Frank Salvatore
* Franco Diogene as Nino
* Lia Tanzi as Marisa
* Calisto Calisti as Mafioso
* Pino Ferrara: Mercuri
* Armando Brancia as Avvocato
* Loris Bazzocchi as Mafioso
* Paul Muller as Jimmy
* Fausta Avelli as Luisa Barsanti
* Luciano Bartoli as Pino
* Renato Pinciroli
* Rosita Torosh
# Zeb Ferguson House

The Zeb Ferguson House is a historic house on the north side of United States Route 65 in Marshall, Arkansas. It is a single-story structure, built out of rough-cut sandstone, with simulated quoining at the corners and openings in brick. It has a hip roof with two cross-gables, and exposed rafter ends under the eaves. The south-facing front has a hip-roof porch supported by three square columns set on brick piers. The house was built about 1928 by Doc Treat and Zeb Ferguson for the latter. Ferguson was a prominent local businessman. The house they built is one of the finest examples in Marshall of Ozark stone architecture.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.
# Primitive ideal

In mathematics, specifically ring theory, a left primitive ideal is the annihilator of a (nonzero) simple left module. A right primitive ideal is defined similarly. Left and right primitive ideals are always two-sided ideals.
Primitive ideals are prime. The quotient of a ring by a left primitive ideal is a left primitive ring. For commutative rings the primitive ideals are maximal, and so commutative primitive rings are all fields.

## Primitive spectrum

The primitive spectrum of a ring is a non-commutative analog of the prime spectrum of a commutative ring.
Let A be a ring and $\operatorname {Prim} (A)$ the set of all primitive ideals of A. Then there is a topology on $\operatorname {Prim} (A)$, called the Jacobson topology, defined so that the closure of a subset T is the set of primitive ideals of A containing the intersection of elements of T.
Now, suppose A is an associative algebra over a field. Then, by definition, a primitive ideal is the kernel of an irreducible representation $\pi$ of A and thus there is a surjection
    $\pi \mapsto \ker \pi :{\widehat {A}}\to \operatorname {Prim} (A).$
Example: the spectrum of a unital C*-algebra.
# Shinn Covered Bridge

The Shinn Covered Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. Located in the countryside northeast of Bartlett in Washington County, this single-span truss bridge was built in 1886 by local carpenter Charles T. Shinn. Built of weatherboarded walls with stone abutments and a metal roof, the bridge features vertical siding, and its portals have remained vertical and resisted creeping into another shape. The heart of the bridge's structure employs the Burr Truss design, which mixes the king post truss with a wooden arch designed by Andrea Palladio in the sixteenth century. Shinn built his bridge to span the western branch of Wolf Creek in Palmer Township. Measuring 98 feet (30 m) in length, the bridge was constructed soon after the drowning of one of Shinn's children.
In 1976, the Shinn Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It qualified for inclusion on the Register because of its important historic architecture and its place in the history of Ohio, for it is one of the last few examples of Burr king post arch truss bridges still standing in the state.
# Fedra López

Fedra López (Spanish pronunciation:; born June 5, 1962) is an Argentine actress and model.
Fedra was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina but raised up in Venezuela. She began her career at the age of 17 with Juan Carlos y su rumba flamenca. During a tour of Venezuela with her step-father, Fedra decided to stay in the country.
She has two children: a daughter Bebsabe and son Eros.

## Filmography

* Natalia del Mar (2011) as Sara Morales vda. de Uzcategui (villain)
* El Desprecio as Pastora Lara Portillo (villain)
* Ser Bonita No Basta (2005) as Soledad Olavarría (villain)
* La invasora (2003) as María Teresa Aldana
* La mujer de Judas (2002) as Ricarda Araújo
* Felina (2001) as Mara
* Hechizo de Amor (2000) as Natasha
* Cuando Hay Pasion (1999) as Inés de Jesús Leal (protagonist)
* Aguamarina (1997)
* La Primera Vez (1997)
* Quirpa de Tres Mujeres (1996) as Manuela Echeverría Salazar (protagonist)
* Sol de Tentación (1996) as Katiuska
* Ka Ina (1995) as Mireya Carvajal
* María Celeste (1993) as Irania Paniagua (villain)
* Rosangelica (1993) as Marielba
* Por Amarte Tanto (1993)
* Inocencia mortal (1988)