# Absolute Beginners (film)

Absolute Beginners is a 1986 British musical film adapted from Colin MacInnes' book about life in late 1950s London, directed by Julien Temple. The film stars Eddie O' Connell, Patsy Kensit, James Fox, Edward Tudor-Pole, Anita Morris, and David Bowie, with featured appearances by Sade Adu, Ray Davies, and Steven Berkoff. It was screened out of competition at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival. It received coverage in the British media but was panned by critics and became a box office failure, although modern reviews have been more favourable. Bowie's theme song was very popular in the UK, spending nine weeks on the charts and peaking at number two.
The commercial failure of Absolute Beginners and two other films is blamed for the collapse of British film studio Goldcrest Films.

## Plot

Taking place in 1958, popular culture in London is transforming from 1950s jazz to a new generation on the verge of the rock and roll 1960s. Young photographer Colin is in love with aspiring fashion designer Suzette. Colin aims to be an artist with integrity. Suzette's boss, famous designer Henley of Mayfair, takes advantage of her forward-thinking designs to boost his own image.
Colin lives in the poor, ethnically diverse neighbourhood of Notting Hill. To make money, he gets a job with music producer Harry Charms, taking photos of new teen idol Baby Boom. Despite Colin getting commercial photography work, Suzette breaks up with him. She explains that she wants a successful and luxurious life, and won't settle for less ("Having It All"). Colin is initially despondent, but believes she'll eventually come back to him.
Colin learns that Suzette will be at a party hosted by gossip columnist Dido Lament, and so he attends. He learns Suzette plans to marry the middle-aged, homosexual Henley for her career ("Selling Out"). Colin also meets advertising mogul Vendice Partners at the party.
Meanwhile, the Teddy Boy subculture is increasingly hostile towards Black residents in London, spurred by the recent rise in immigration. The White Defence League, led by the Fanatic, preaches fascist politics and is vehemently against the increasing ethnic diversity of London. Colin despises this racist ideology.
Partners brings Colin to his advertising agency, where he shows off plans for the White Housing Development. Partners offers Colin a position as an advertisement photographer. While hesitant at first, Colin takes the job in the hopes that money may help him win back Suzette ("That's Motivation").
Henley and Suzette marry, but she is deeply unhappy. Colin, Dido, and Charms go on the TV show Searchlight. Dido gropes Colin, prompting him to have an outbust and rail against the elder generation trying to exploit teenagers. Later, at a jazz club, Colin is commended for his honesty on television. However, he's upset when he sees a newspaper headline about Suzette's wedding ("Killer Blow").
Racial violence intensifies in the area. Colin's Black friend, Mr. Cool, informs him that the racists are becoming more organized and dangerous. Colin discovers that the new White Housing Development is a scheme between Partners and Henley to "redevelop" the "West 11." Colin sends incriminating photos to Dido in an attempt to reveal the plan, but she's in cahoots with Partners and is no help.
Colin witnesses the 1958 Notting Hill race riots ("Riot City"). His pleas for peace are ignored. The police eventually arrive and stop the violence. Colin finds Suzette and they flee a fire set by the WDL. Mr. Cool has a fight with the Fanatic and wins. There is celebratory dancing in the street as rain puts out the fires. Colin and Suzette go back to his flat and have sex. He throws her wedding ring out the window.

## Cast

* Eddie O'Connell as Colin
* Patsy Kensit as Crepe Suzette
* James Fox as Henley of Mayfair
* David Bowie as Vendice Partners
* Edward Tudor-Pole as Ed the Ted
* Anita Morris as Dido Lament
* Graham Fletcher-Cook as Wizard
* Tony Hippolyte as Mr. Cool
* Bruce Payne as Flikker
* Paul Rhys as Dean Swift
* Lionel Blair as Harry Charms
* Eve Ferret as Big Jill
* Ray Davies as Arthur
* Sade as Athene Duncannon
* Mandy Rice-Davies as Mum
* Julian Firth as The Misery Kid
* Alan Freeman as Call-Me-Cobber
* Steven Berkoff as The Fanatic
* Chris Pitt as Baby Boom
* Gary Beadle as Johnny Wonder
* Robbie Coltrane as Mario
* Amanda Powell as Dorita
* Carmen Ejogo as Carmen
* Ronald Fraser as Amberley Drove
* Joe McKenna as Fabulous Hoplite
* Irene Handl as Mrs. Larkin
* Peter-Hugo Daly as Vern
* Sylvia Syms as Cynthia Eve
* Slim Gaillard as Lloyd
* Eric Sykes as Arcade Worker

## Production

The novel was admired by Don MacPherson, a magazine editor who was friends with Julien Temple, then best known for directing music videos. MacPherson, Temple and Temple's business partner Michael Hamlyn agreed to try to turn Absolute Beginners into a film. MacPherson wrote the first draft, but this was not well received. Richard Burridge wrote a draft which was more positively received. The movie was going to be made at Virgin Films. Goldcrest Films also became involved as did Steve Woolley's Palace Flms.
According to a history of Palace Pictures "The main reason for Palace’s commitment to Temple’s film... was the tremendous depth of Powell’s and Woolley’s shared ambition. Here was a film that was clearly going to be a huge event, and Palace’s partners were equally determined to be at the forefront of such a national spectacle. To say ‘No’ to Absolute Beginners was unthinkable."
Temple later admitted "MacInnes’s book has a very flawed narrative to my mind, and is very hard to adapt. It lacks drive in terms of plot, and largely concerns the central characters views on the world, about jazz, pop stars, television, advertising and so on."
Palace covered development costs. Under the arrangement between Palace and Goldcrest, the latter would provide 60% of the budget if Palace could find the other 40%. Palace raised this from Orion Pictures in the US. Eventually $2.5 million of the film's budget came from Orion and £2.5 million from Goldcrest. Goldcrest guaranteed any cost overruns
Christopher Wicking was hired to do a version of the script which he said "had some sort of propulsion from one scene to the next". He says the script helped raise American finance but then Julien Temple disregarded a lot of Wicking's ideas. Wicking also says the filmmakers could never reconcile if the musical numbers should advance the story or illustrate something about the characters at the time.
Terry Johnson did a rewrite of the script. According to Sandy Lieberson of Goldcrest the script "was never nailed down, and it kept being edited and not edited during the whole run-up to production and during the production itself."
Eddie O'Connell and Patsy Kensit were relative unknowns when cast for the film and, according to Julien Temple in a 2016 interview (included on the re-released DVD/Blu-Ray), neither got on with each other pretty well. Temple wanted to include musicians that represented music from the 1950s through to the 1980s with many of his contacts being from music videos whom he had directed. Ed Tudor-Pole (playing teddyboy 'Ed The Ted') had met Temple through his work on The Great Rock 'N' Roll Swindle. Ray Davies, Sade and David Bowie were recruited after Temple had directed music videos for them ("Predictable" for Davies' group The Kinks in 1981, "Hang On to Your Love" and "Smooth Operator" for Sade in 1984 and the short film Jazzin' for Blue Jean for Bowie also in 1984). Broadway star Anita Morris had appeared in Temple's promo for The Rolling Stones' "She Was Hot" whilst Eve Ferret had co-starred as a receptionist in Jazzin' for Blue Jean.
In the aforementioned 2016 interview, producer Stephen Woolley recalled the financial challenges that were facing film company Goldcrest at the time- Absolute Beginners was made around the same time as Hugh Hudson's Revolution (starring Al Pacino) and Roland Joffé's The Mission (starring Robert De Niro and Jeremy Irons); as both films were seen to be more high profile due to their relatively higher budgets and more noted filmstars, Absolute Beginners did not get as much financial support the other two films. All three films would fail at the box office leading to Goldcrest's eventual collapse.
The cost of the film blew out during filming rising from £6 million to £8.6 million. Alan Marshall was hired to oversee the project through to completion. Goldcrest wound up having to invest £5 million.

## Release

Angus Finney, in his history of Palace Films, wrote the movie "is perhaps best remembered as an extraordinary British marketing phenomenon. An enormous party was held by Palace inside the railings of Leicester Square. Newspapers, magazines, cartoons, radio chat shows, a South Bank television special, and all other ways of promoting the movie were pursued relentlessly. Phil Symes and Angie Errigo worked long hours to ensure the film maximum publicity coverage." According to Jack Eberts of Goldcrest "probably no film has been so over-promoted in the history of the British film business. The expec¬ tations of the audience were raised to such heights that the picture could only suffer by comparison."
Whilst the critical reviews in the UK were fairly disappointing, the box office performed respectably well whilst the reverse was true in America, where good notices by critics were not matched by a number of ticket sales. Temple would note in 2016 that he had to leave the UK in order to find work elsewhere- two noted fans of the film were Michael and Janet Jackson, leading to him directing Janet's promo clips for When I Think Of You and Alright which emulate some of the visual style of Absolute Beginners. Other musicians like Bowie, Billy Idol, Whitney Houston and Blur (amongst others) would keep Temple's career in music video directing ongoing.
The film had its premiere at the Leicester Square Theatre on 3 April 1986 attended by Princess Anne. It opened to the public the following day at the theatre and at the Odeon Marble Arch before expanding nationwide on 11 April.

## Reception
### Critical

The New York Times film critic Caryn James remarked upon the "unevenness" of Temple's adaptation and its "erratic" results. Pauline Kael declared that the music was "peculiarly unlyrical and ephemeral". Jeremy Allen in The Guardian praised Bowie's theme song but described the film as "an overbudget turkey of huge proportions". Corey K. Creekmur stated in The International Film Musical that the film "failed to deliver on the critical expectations surrounding it", although it remained "a deeply interesting, if flawed, attempt to harness the contemporary musical in the services of politics and social equality".
Alex Stewart reviewed Absolute Beginners for White Dwarf #79, and stated that "It's glossy, slick and superficial, with a couple of nods towards Social Significance which stand out almost as awkwardly as the stumps of the subplots that ended up on the cutting-room floor. On the other hand the singing and dancing are quite nice, the climax looks uncannily like Quatermass and the Pit set to music, and the grossly over-hyped Patsy Kensit duly meets a most satisfying nemesis by turning in a performance that would have disgraced an episode of Thunderbirds."
Absolute Beginners currently holds a 70% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 10 reviews.

### Box office

The film earned £500,000 in rentals in the UK and $300,000 in the US. Goldcrest Films invested £4,680,000 in the film and received £1,859,000 back, losing £2,821,000.
According to Jake Eberts "The whole exercise had been a disaster. At every stage, from the original conception, through the script, the pre-production, production and post-production, to the marketing and distribution. Absolute Beginners was an object lesson in how not to produce a movie."

## Soundtrack

Absolute Beginners: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack was concurrently released to promote the film, and the musical score was composed by Gil Evans. David Bowie's title track, Ray Davies' "Quiet Life", and the Style Council's "Have You Ever Had It Blue?" were released as singles. Abridged versions of the LP were released featuring only sides one and two, and CD versions excised the tracks "Absolute Beginners (Slight Refrain)," "Landlords and Tenants", "Santa Lucia". and "Cool Napoli".

### Charts

Сhart performance for Absolute Beginners :
| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report) | 85 |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 6 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 29 |
| Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista) | 38 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 36 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 45 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 10 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 19 |