OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alevtina Kolchina

Alevtina Pavlovna Kolchina (Russian: Алевти́на Па́вловна Ко́лчина alternate spelling: Alevtina Koltsjina; 11 November 1930 – 1 March 2022) was a Soviet cross-country skier who competed during the 1950s and 1960s for Burevestnik and later for Dynamo sports societies. She competed in four Winter Olympics, earning a total of five medals. Kolchina also competed several times at the Holmenkollen ski festival, winning three times at 10 km (1961–1963) and once at 5 km (1966).

## Personal life and death

Kolchina was born in the village of Pavlovsk, Ochyorsky District, Perm Oblast, and took up skiing at the age of 13. She was married to four-time Olympic cross country medalist Pavel Kolchin until his death in 2010. In 1973, the family moved to Otepää, where Kolchins worked as national cross-country ski coaches, functionaries and consultants. Their son Fjodor Koltšin placed 15th in the Nordic combined at the 1980 Winter Olympics, competing for the Soviet Union (Estonia restored its independence in 1991.).
Kolchina died on 1 March 2022, at the age of 91.

## Career

Kolchina's biggest success was at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, where she won three medals in 10 km (golds in 1958 and 1962, silver in 1966), three medals in the 3×5 km relay (golds in 1958, 1962, and 1966), and two medals in 5 km (golds in 1962 and 1966). Kolchina also was Soviet champion in women's cross country skiing thirteen times in her career.
For her successes in the world championships and at the Holmenkollen, Kolchina received the Holmenkollen medal in 1963 (shared with her husband, Astrid Sandvik, and Torbjørn Yggeseth). Kolchina is the third woman, first Soviet/Russian, and first female Nordic skier to ever win the Holmenkollen medal. Kolchina and her husband are the first husband and wife team to ever win the Holmenkollen Medal.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

* Five medals – (one gold, one silver, three bronze)
| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 3 × 5 km  relay |
| 1956 | 25 | — | 4 | Silver |
| 1960 | 29 | — | 4 | — |
| 1964 | 33 | Bronze | 7 | Gold |
| 1968 | 37 | Bronze | 7 | Bronze |

### World Championships

* 8 medals – (7 gold, 1 silver)
| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 3 × 5 km  relay |
| 1954 | 23 | — | 5 | — |
| 1958 | 27 | — | Gold | Gold |
| 1962 | 31 | Gold | Gold | Gold |
| 1966 | 35 | Gold | Silver | Gold |
# Joosia

Joosia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. There are at least 11 species. They are distributed from Costa Rica to Bolivia with the center of diversity in Ecuador.

## Species

As of March 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
* Joosia aequatoria Steyerm.
* Joosia antioquiana C.M.Taylor
* Joosia capitata C.M.Taylor
* Joosia confusa C.M.Taylor
* Joosia dichotoma (Ruiz & Pav.) H.Karst.
* Joosia dielsiana Standl.
* Joosia frondosa C.M.Taylor
* Joosia longisepala L.Andersson
* Joosia loretensis (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
* Joosia macrocalyx Standl. ex Steyerm.
* Joosia obtusa L.Andersson
* Joosia oligantha L.Andersson
* Joosia panamensis Dwyer
* Joosia pulcherrima Steere
* Joosia sericea (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
* Joosia standleyana Steyerm.
* Joosia ulei Steyerm.
* Joosia umbellifera H.Karst.
# Shlomo Hareli

Shlomo Hareli (Hebrew: שלמה הראלי; born March 14, 1964, in Haifa, Israel) is an Israeli psychologist, Full Professor of Social Psychology at the School of Business Administration at the University of Haifa. At present, he is serving as the head of the school.

## Education

Hareli received a BA in psychology and philosophy from the University of Haifa in 1992 and a Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of Haifa in 2000.

## Career

From 1999 to 2000 Hareli was a post-doctoral researcher at the University of California Los-Angeles working with Prof. Bernard Weiner on causal attribution research. In 2000 Hareli took a position as lecturer at Kinneret College on the Sea of Galilee and then moved to the Department of Business Administration of the University of Haifa where he held the position of Associate Professor of Social psychology. He served as the head of the Interdisciplinary Center for Research on Emotions until 2017 and now directs the Laboratory for the Study of Social Perception of Emotions. He sits on the executive committee of the Maritime Policy & Strategy Research Center (HMS). He serves now as the head of the School of Business Administration at the University of Haifa.
His research focuses on the social perception of emotions. In particular, he is interested in the way that people use the emotions of others to learn about social norms and social standards, about the character of people and their social power and competence. A related line of research focuses on social context influences on the social signal function of emotions.
Much of this work was done in collaboration with Humboldt University Prof. Ursula Hess, specifically, on the impact of context information regarding this process.
Finally, Hareli has also some interest at studying the evolutionary roots of social perception. For example, in one study Hareli tested how the shape of tree leaves surrounding houses affects its perceived value connecting it to the protective function of trees.

## Selected collaborations

Books that have citations listing Hareli include:
* The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement (2018)
* The Social Nature of Emotions (2016)
* The Expression of Emotion: Philosophical, Psychological and Legal (2016)
# Walter T. Gunn

Walter T. Gunn (June 4, 1879 – October 13, 1956) was an American jurist.
Born in LaSalle County, Illinois, Gunn moved with his parents to Vermillion County, Illinois in 1880. He went to high school in Hoopeston, Illinois and to Greer College in Hoopeston. Gunn studied law at Illinois Wesleyan University and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1902. He practiced law in Danville, Illinois and served as an assistant state's attorney for Vermillion County, corporate counsel for the city of Danville, and was master in chancery for the United States District Court for Eastern Illinois. Gunn served on the Illinois Supreme Court from 1938 until his retirement in 1951. Gunn died in a hospital in Danville, Illinois.
# Nedeljko Piščević

Nedeljko Piščević (born 20 April 1995) is a Serbian football midfielder.
He made his Serbian Super Liga debut with FK Rad in July 2017.
# 2022 Syriza leadership election

Internal party elections took place within SYRIZA-PS on 15 May 2022, in which the president and the members of the Central Committee were directly elected by the members of the party.

## Background

On 19 January 2022, Alexis Tsipras, then president of SYRIZA - PS proposed at a meeting of the party's political council the election of the president and the central committee directly by its members and not by the congress.
At the beginning of April, before the 3rd party congress, the specifications of the electoral procedure to be voted on at the congress were made public. The election for president would be open to all those who registered as members or friends of the party on the same day, while the election for the central committee would be open only to those members who had registered before 21 March 2022.
On 15 April, during the congress, the Internal opposition group "Umbrella" strongly protested against Tsipras' proposal, but it was approved by 70% of the votes.

## Campaign

The election process was presented by SYRIZA as a response to the government's response to deal with the issue of inflation, using the slogan "We're sending them back the bill!".

## Results

Tsipras was re-elected with 100% of the valid votes, but the remarkable thing, according to him, was the massive participation of 140,000 new members.

## Criticism

New Democracy criticized the absence of rival candidates against Alexis Tsipras, as well as the right to vote for people over 15 years old.

## Following developments

After the legislative elections of May 2023, where SYRIZA reached its lowest percentage since the legislative elections of May 2012, Alexis Tsipras was pressured to resign from the party leadership, but remained, citing the upcoming June elections.
However, after the renewed defeat at the June elections, and the further drop in vote percentages, he stated on election night that he would put himself up to the judgment of the party members. Although, just four days later, he announced that he would resign from the party leadership, stating that the party requires “deep renewal and refoundation”.
After Tsipras' resignation, Sokratis Famellos, following a vote of the Parliamentary Group of SYRIZA - PS, was unanimously elected president of the PG, until the election of a new party president.
Following the announcement of Alexis Tsipras that he will not run for president of SYRIZA - Progressive Alliance, the following announced their candidacy in chronological order: Effie Achtsioglou on 12 July, Euclid Tsakalotos on 14 July, Stefanos Tzoumakas and Nikos Pappas on 15 July, and Stefanos Kasselakis on 29 August.
The elections were initially set for 10 and 17 September, but were moved a week later respectively due to the Storm Daniel. In the elections, Kasselakis and Achtsioglou made it to the second round, and in the end Kasselakis was elected in the second round.
# James Howard Pollak Jr.

James Howard Pollak Jr. (born October 6, 1963) is a retired cyclist who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics.

## Early life

Pollak was born in St. Louis, Missouri. When he was nine years old, he was diagnosed with a degenerative hip disease, called Legg-Calve-Perthes, that confined him to a full leg brace and crutches for two years, and made it impossible for him to play sports. He was told the likelihood of playing competitive sports was remote and contact sports were out of the question. He went on to letter in five sports at Horton Watkins High School.

## Cycling career

He then studied at Indiana University, in hopes of competing for the cross country team, but was not successful. One of his fraternity brothers at Alpha Epsilon Pi, told him about a bicycle race called the Little 500 that took after the world-famous Indianapolis 500 Indy race. He competed and found his new passion, cycling, guiding his fraternity to fourth place his freshman year and then second, first and second the next three years. He was voted as rookie rider of the year his freshman year and all-star rider the following three years and was inducted into the Little 500 Hall of Fame at the end of his senior year.
He graduated from Indiana University in 1986 with a B.S. in Law and Public Policy. He put off a law career in an attempt to become a U.S. Olympic Cyclist. At his first Olympic Trials in 1988 in Houston, he was first alternate to the team. He won four U.S. National Championships during his career along with a gold medal in the points race at The Goodwill Games in 1990, and a silver medal in the team pursuit in The Pan American Games in 1991 in Havana, Cuba. Pollak was a member of the team pursuit in 1990 that set a U.S. National record. He rode for the Subaru Montgomery Cycling Team in 1990, until they turned professional the following year. He finished his career riding for Evian Miko as the only American on a Canadian team. Pollak qualified for the 1992 Olympics in the team pursuit at the Olympic Trials in Blaine, Minnesota. At the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, his American squad rode to a ninth-place finish.

## Other activities

Pollak retired from cycling, and has worked with many unfortunate children afflicted by his same disease as well as with the Ronald McDonald House. he has spoken in front of several large groups of children about life as an athlete and motivation. He was named to the St. Louis Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 2011. He spent several years in the investment world working with major investment banking giants Prudential Securities and Paine Webber UBS. Pollak turned is career to oil and gas exploration and development in 2004 and is the President and CEO of Patriot Natural Resources.
# Annette Carlén-Karlsson

Annette Carlén-Karlsson (born 2 August 1956) is a Swedish speed skater. She competed at the 1980 Winter Olympics and the 1984 Winter Olympics.
# 2012 Tokyo gubernatorial election

The 2012 Tokyo gubernatorial election took place on December 16, 2012, which was held on the same day as the general election.

## Background

After long-term Governor Shintaro Ishihara suddenly resigned to return to national politics ahead of the then-looming next general election. A field of nine candidates emerged, with the front-runner being Naoki Inose, who had been vice-governor under Ishihara from 2007 to 2012, and then acting governor after Ishihara's abrupt resignation. Inose vowed to follow Ishihara's policies.

### Candidates

* Mac Akasaka (real name: Makoto Tonami) - Therapist, activist, perennial candidate. Founder and leader of the Smile Party.
* Masaichi Igarashi - Member of the board of directors of an international exchange body.
* Naoki Inose - Journalist, historian, social critic. Then vice-governor of Tokyo and acting governor.
* Shigefumi Matsuzawa - Former governor of Kanagawa Prefecture.
* Yoshiro Nakamatsu (Dr. NakaMats)- Inventor, perennial candidate.
* Takashi Sasagawa - Former LDP General Council Chairman.
* Tokuma Suginomori (TOKMA) - Rock musician. Director of the Happiness Realization Party's youth division.
* Kenji Utsunomiya - Lawyer. Former head of the Japan Federation of Bar Associations from 2010 to 2012.
* Shigenobu Yoshida - Former Japanese ambassador to Nepal.

### Campaign

Information campaign for the polls was administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan Election Administration Commission. AKB48's Minami Takahashi, Tomomi Itano and Yui Yokoyama (also of NMB48) were appointed as image characters.

## Result

The result was a landslide victory for Inose, who received 4,338,936 votes, setting a new record for the total number of votes in a Tokyo gubernatorial election. The previous record was 3.61 million cast for the socialist Governor Ryokichi Minobe in 1971.
Tokyo gubernatorial election, 2012 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent (Supported by Liberal Democratic, New Komeito, Restoration) | Naoki Inose | 4,338,936 | 65.27% | N/A |
| | Independent (Supported by Tomorrow, Communist, Social Democratic, Greens, New Socialist, Seikatsusha) | Kenji Utsunomiya | 968,960 | 14.58% | N/A |
| | Independent (Supported by Democrats, People's Life, Unity) | Shigefumi Matsuzawa | 621,278 | 9.35% | N/A |
| | Party for Preservation of Citizens' Lives | Takashi Sasagawa | 179,180 | 2.7% | N/A |
| | Independent | Yoshiro Nakamatsu | 129,406 | 1.95% | N/A |
| | Independent | Shigenobu Yoshida | 81,885 | 1.23% | N/A |
| | Happiness Realization | Tokuma Suginomori | 47,829 | 0.72% | N/A |
| | Smile | Mac Akasaka | 38,855 | 0.58% | 0.50% |
| | Independent | Masaichi Igarashi | 36,114 | 0.54% | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,942,443 | 62.6% | 4.8% |
# 1972 Ontario municipal elections

Municipalities across the Canadian province of Ontario held elections on December 4, 1972, to elect mayors, reeves, councillors, and school trustees. Some municipalities also held votes for utility commissioners.
The most closely watched contest was in Toronto, where Red Tory candidate David Crombie was elected as mayor.
* This Ontario-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Fuente del Arco

Fuente del Arco is a municipality located in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 754 inhabitants.
# Frances Colón

Frances Colón is an American science diplomat and environmental policy expert most notably having served at the United States Department of State between September 2008 and January 2017. In her work, she promotes the integration of science and technology into foreign policy dialogues; global scientific engagement for capacity-building; the advancement of women in STEM; and the use of innovation as a tool for economic growth around the world.
Previously, Dr. Colón served the U.S. Department of State as the Science and Environment Adviser at the Western Hemisphere Affairs Bureau where she was responsible for advising on environmental and scientific issues that affected the U.S. Government's foreign policy objectives in the Americas. During that time, Dr. Colón coordinated climate change policy for the Energy and Climate Partnership of the Americas announced by President Barack Obama in 2009. As a AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow (2006–2008), Dr. Colón led the OES Bureau’s program for Muslim world outreach through K-12 science and math education cooperation.
In November 2020, Colón was named a volunteer member of the Joe Biden presidential transition Agency Review Team to support transition efforts related to the United States Department of State.
Since 2021, she has been a member of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST).

## Early life and education

Dr. Colón grew up in San Juan, Puerto Rico and earned her B.S. in biology in 1997 from the University of Puerto Rico. She went on to earn her doctorate in developmental neurobiology at Brandeis University in 2004.

## Career
### Science diplomacy career

She served nearly five years as deputy science and technology adviser to the Secretary of State (2012–2017). In that role, she became the highest-ranking Hispanic scientist at the State Department. Prior to this role, she had been an adviser on science and the environment for the Western Hemisphere Affairs at the State Department and served as acting science and technology adviser to Secretary of State John Kerry. In 2015, she represented the United States government as vice chair of the United Nations Commission on Science and Technology Development. Under Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Colón led the Energy and Climate Partnership for the Americas (ECPA), an initiative announced by President Obama at the Summit of the Americas in April 2009 to accelerate sustainable energy in the Americas.

### Science advocacy efforts

Colón is also an outspoken advocate for women and girls to pursue careers in science. During her time as Deputy Adviser, she oversaw the creation of the Networks of Diasporas in Engineering and Science (NODES) initiative to empower diasporas with science expertise to develop and influence effective policies and solve challenges in their countries of origin. As part of President Obama's White House "Untold History of Women in STEM" project, she shared the story of Puerto Rican scientist Ana Roqué de Duprey.
# Hoseyn Nahaz

Hoseyn Nahaz (Persian: حسين ناحض, also Romanized as Ḩoseyn Nāḥaz̤) is a village in Seyyed Abbas Rural District, Shavur District, Shush County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 208, in 31 families.
# 1966 Felthorpe Trident crash

On 3 June 1966, a newly built Hawker Siddeley Trident jetliner crashed during a pre-delivery test flight near the village of Felthorpe, Norfolk, England, killing all four crew. The aeroplane had entered a deep stall from which the crew were unable to recover. It was the first loss of a Trident aircraft.

## Aircraft and crew
### Aircraft

The aircraft involved was a tri-jet Hawker Siddeley Trident 1C, registration G-ARPY, that was about to be delivered to British European Airways.

### Crew

The crew were pilots Peter Barlow and George Errington, and technicians E. Brackstone-Brown and G.W. Patterson.

## Accident flight

The aircraft was making its first flight, which was a routine test flight to enable the aircraft's Certificate of Airworthiness to be issued. There were four crew on board. The aircraft took off from Hatfield Aerodrome at 16:52. Tests established that the stick shaker operated at 102 knots (189 km/h), and that stall recovery system operated at 93 knots (172 km/h). The crew then disconnected the stall warning systems in order to ascertain the actual margin left after the warning had been given before the aircraft stalled. On this particular flight, the aircraft was being operated with its centre of gravity towards its aft limit.
Shortly after 18:30, the pilot reported that the aircraft was in a "superstall". At the time, the aircraft was observed to be configured for landing. It was at an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 m). The nose was seen to pitch up by 30 to 40° before the aircraft turned to port, followed by the starboard wing dropping. Although full power was applied, the aircraft entered into a flat spin, and crashed at Felthorpe, killing all on board. It was not fitted with an anti-spin parachute. The site of the accident was in a field adjacent to Felthorpe Airfield.

## Investigation

The Accidents Investigation Branch opened an inquiry into the accident. The investigation found that accident was the result of the pilot delaying recovery manoeuvres for too long, thereby allowing the aircraft to enter a deep stall from which it was impossible to recover.
# James B. Ricks

James Benjamin Ricks (December 23, 1852 – June 23, 1906) was an American jurist, lawyer, and politician from Illinois.

## Life and career
### Early life and education

James Benjamin Ricks was born on December 23, 1852, in Bear Creek Township, in Christian County, Illinois, to John Bond Ricks and Dorcia B. Ricks (née Haines). Ricks went to Illinois Wesleyan University 1869 to 1872 and then studied law.

### Career

In 1874, Ricks was admitted to the Illinois bar. He then practiced law and was involved in the Democratic Party. Ricks was master in chancery for Christian County. From 1889 to 1891, Ricks served as mayor of Taylorville. From 1901 until his death in 1906, Ricks served on the Illinois Supreme Court, succeeding Jesse J. Phillips.

### Death

Ricks died of stomach cancer at his home in Taylorville, Illinois. He was 53 at the time of his death. He is buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Taylorville.

## Personal life

Ricks was married to Pammie Geltmacher, of Bloomington, Illinois. The couple married on December 23, 1872 – Ricks' 20th birthday. The couple had six children (three of whom reached adulthood) – including Union Carbide executive Jesse J. Ricks.
# Torsten Palm

Torsten Palm (born 23 July 1947) is a former racing driver from Sweden.

## Racing career

The younger brother of famous rally co-driver Gunnar Palm, Torsten competed as a co-driver as well. In 1967 he came second in the Swedish Rally with Simo Lampinen.
Palm competed internationally in formula racing and rallies. He made his debut in Formula 3 in 1969 and came second to Ronnie Peterson in the Swedish Championship that year, before winning the Championship in 1970 and 1971. During the European Formula 2 Championship in 1973 he set the record on the raceway in Karlskoga, Sweden, in front of 40,000 spectators. Palm finished third in his Surtees, with Peterson in fifth place. Nobody beat the record before the circuit was rebuilt in the end of the decade. Sponsored by Polar Caravans he made his Formula 1 debut in a Hesketh in 1975. In Monaco he failed to qualify for the race. In Anderstorp, Sweden, he qualified for the race and finished 10th.
From 1993-2003 he ran a car dealership, Torsten Palm Bil AB, which was the representative for Ferrari for three years.

## Complete Formula One results

(key)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | WDC | Points |
| 1975 | Polar Caravans | Hesketh 308 | Cosworth V8 | ARG | BRA | RSA | ESP | MON DNQ | BEL | SWE 10 | NED | FRA | GBR | GER | AUT | ITA | USA | NC | 0 |