OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alfredo Rocco

Alfredo Rocco (9 September 1875 – 28 August 1935) was an Italian politician and jurist. He was Professor of Commercial Law at the University of Urbino (1899–1902) and in Macerata (1902–1905), then Professor of Civil Procedure in Parma, of Business Law in Padua, and later of Economic Legislation at La Sapienza University of Rome, of which he was rector from 1932 to 1935.
Rocco, as an economics-minded politician, developed the early concept of the economic and political theory of corporatism, which later became part of the ideology of the National Fascist Party.

## Career

Rocco began his political career as a nationalist in the Radical Party, but eventually turned to the "proletarian nationalism" of the Italian Nationalist Association (ANI), a political party on which he had major influence. Rocco was critical of Italy's weak material and economic power, which he said was responsible for Italian dependence on the European "plutocracies" of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Rocco also denounced the European powers for imposing foreign culture on Italy and criticized them for their endorsement of individualism. In 1920 he became director of the newspaper L'Idea nazionale, official organ of the Nationalist Association. He developed a very close relationship with the Perrone brothers, owners of the Ansaldo company, who provided him with lavish financing. However, he had to hand over the ownership of the newspaper in 1922, when the company went bankrupt and the financing was interrupted.
He later joined the National Fascist Party, after they had merged with the Italian Nationalist Association. In a 1925 speech Rocco interpreted the ideology of fascism as the means by which the individual is sacrificed for the good of society, declaring: "For Liberalism, the individual is the end and society the means. For Fascism, society is the end, individuals the means, and its whole life consists in using individuals as instruments for its social ends."
He was elected in 1921 to the Chamber of Deputies, and became its president in 1924. From 1925 to 1932 he was Minister of Justice and promoted the criminal codification, by signing in 1930 the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure (with the help of lawyer Vincenzo Manzini), and reconciling the Classical and Positivist schools with the system of so-called "double track". From 1925 to 1935, Rocco was the Italian representative on the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations.
Albert Einstein wrote a letter to the minister, listed in the collection The World as I See It (Mein Weltbild) in which he argued that it was not necessary for Italian scientists to swear allegiance to the Fascist party to continue their educational and scientific activities. In 1935 Rocco was awarded the Mussolini prize by the Royal Academy of Italy.
Appointed senator of the Kingdom in 1934, he died in Rome in 1935.
Among his students there was the civilist Giuseppe Ferri, author of a Handbook of Commercial Law.
In the Florestano Vancini's film The Assassination of Matteotti (1973), Rocco is played by Antonio La Raina.
# Mongolocampe zhaoningi

Mongolocampe zhaoningi is a species of Hymenoptera from the Tetracampidae family. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1990 by Yang.
# Daphne Hasenjäger

Daphne Lilian Evelyn Hasenjäger (born 2 July 1929) is a South African former sprinter, who was born as Daphne Robb. She competed for South Africa at the 1952 Summer Olympics, held in Helsinki, Finland, in the 100 metres, where she won the silver medal, splitting Australians Marjorie Jackson and Shirley Strickland.
# August Schmidt (Wehrmacht)

August Schmidt (3 November 1892 – 17 January 1972) was a German general who commanded the 10th Panzergrenadier Division during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.
Schmidt surrendered to the Red Army in April 1945. Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union, he was held until 1955.

## Awards and decorations

* Iron Cross (1914) 2nd Class (14 September 1914) & 1st Class (14 October 1916)
* Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (17 September 1939) & 1st Class (1 October 1939)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 27 October 1939 as Oberst and commander of 20th Infantry Regiment
** Oak Leaves on 23 January 1944 as Generalleutnant and commander of the 10th Panzergrenadier Division
# Marco González

Marco Antonio González Heredia (born 26 May 1986) is a Chilean former footballer.
He played as a forward for Coquimbo Unido.
# 1988 San Marino general election

General elections were held in San Marino on 29 May 1988. The Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 27 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council, and continued their coalition with the Sammarinese Communist Party.

## Electoral system

Voters had to be citizens of San Marino and at least 18 years old.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party | 9,001 | 44.13 | 27 | +1 |
| | Sammarinese Communist Party | 5,852 | 28.69 | 18 | +3 |
| | Unitary Socialist Party–Socialist Agreement | 2,781 | 13.64 | 8 | 0 |
| | Sammarinese Socialist Party | 2,266 | 11.11 | 7 | –2 |
| | Sammarinese Socialist Democratic Party | 217 | 1.06 | 0 | –1 |
| | Sammarinese Republican Party | 279 | 1.37 | 0 | New |
| Total | Total | 20,396 | 100.00 | 60 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 20,396 | 96.51 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 737 | 3.49 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 21,133 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 26,052 | 81.12 | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||||
# Khalid Outaleb

Khalid Outaleb (born 27 April 1963) is a Moroccan former professional tennis player.
Born in Casablanca, Outaleb was a collegiate tennis player for Florida Institute of Technology from 1983 to 1986, claiming two Sunshine State Conference Singles Championships.
Outaleb, a two-time national singles champion, turned professional in 1988 and reached a best world ranking of 246. He was a playing member of the Morocco Davis Cup team from 1988 to 1990, registering wins in nine singles and five doubles rubbers.
# Brian Leiva

Brian Leonardo Nicolás Leiva Vargas (born 21 February 1998) is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a forward for Chilean Segunda División side Provincial Ovalle.

## Career

In 2024, Leiva signed with Provincial Ovalle in the Segunda División Profesional de Chile.

## Honours
### Universidad Católica

* Primera División de Chile (1): 2018
# Warrington rail crash

The Warrington rail crash occurred at Walton Junction just south of the town of Warrington in Lancashire on 29 June 1867. The collision involved a passenger train running into the back of a coal train. Eight people were killed and 33 injured. The accident resulted in changes being made to the management of points and signals.

## Location

In 1867 Walton Junction was located about 1 mi (1.6 km) south of Warrington Bank Quay station just beyond Walton Bridge over the River Mersey. The junction was where the Birkenhead Railway mainline diverged from the London & North Western Railway (LNWR).
However, in less than 30 years after the accident the junction was made obsolete with the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal. In the 1890s a single four-track bridge was built to carry the lines of both the LNWR and the Birkenhead Junction Railway (co-owned by the LNWR and Great Western Railway) over the waterway. The Birkenhead Railway lines were consolidated into the LNWR to avoid the unnecessary cost of building separate bridges.
As the new tracks ran to the north of the original Chester to Birkenhead mainline on which the accident happened, the old Walton Junction ceased to have through trains and became part of a branch to a marshalling yard.

## Accident

The 10:23 Liverpool Lime Street to London Euston service, which was running 10 minutes late, left Warrington Bank Quay station at 11:35 for Crewe. On approach to Walton Junction, the driver saw that a coal train ahead was being shunted onto the Chester line, but did not reduce speed because he thought that the line would be clear. However, the points were not switched back to the Crewe line, causing the London-bound passenger service to plough into the rear of the coal train. Five people were killed at the scene. Three others died later of their injuries. A further 33 were injured.
The coroner gave the following verdict: "We are unanimously of opinion that the deceased came to their deaths by neglect of duty on the part of John Rowson, pointsman, and at the same time we wish to recommend to the railway company the adoption of a new system of signalling and points at Walton Junction." Rowson was later charged with manslaughter in July 1867.

## Legacy

The Board of Trade enquiry recommended that the British railway network should adopt a system whereby points were interlocked with signals. This ensures that a train can only be signalled into a section when the correct route has been set for it.
# Ulmus minor 'Majadahonda'

The field elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Majadahonda' was cloned by grafting scions from a tree found growing in the suburb of Majadahonda, 16 km north-west of Madrid, by researchers at the Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes, Universidad Politėcnica de Madrid in 1993. The tree is one of a number found to have a very high resistance to Dutch Elm Disease, on a par with, if not greater than, the hybrid cultivar 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'. In the Madrid study, the appearance of the tree was rated 4.1 / 5.
'Majadahonda' was introduced to the UK in 2016, by Hampshire & Isle of Wight Branch, Butterfly Conservation, as part of an assessment of DED-resistant cultivars as potential hosts of the endangered White-letter Hairstreak.

## Description

'Majadahonda' grew at a modest rate of 61 cm per annum in the trials at Puerta de Hierro, Madrid. The branches, devoid of corky tissue, form a rounded crown. The leaves, on comparatively long 11 mm petioles, are elliptic, typically acuminate at the apex, the average length and width 50 × 29 mm, the margins distinctively simply serrate. Foliar density relative to 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' is described as 'high'. 'Majadahonda' had the latest leaf bud-burst phenology of the seven clones, in mid-April, with leaves not fully expanded until the end of April in Spain, (mid May in southern England). Specimens grown in southern England attained sexual maturity aged six years, commencing flowering in week 8.

## Cultivation

The cultivar underwent further trials in different environments in Spain, where it was again tested by inoculation in 2018. If resistance remains satisfactory, the tree may be released to commerce under licence. The tree is unusual in that it cannot be propagated from cuttings as they do not callus, and is most commonly propagated by root cuttings.

## Accessions
### Europe

* Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 1267. One small whip planted 2016.
# 1st Marine Brigade (Iran)

1st Marine Imam Hossein Brigade (Persian: تیپ یکم تفنگداران دریایی امام حسین) is a marines brigade of Islamic Republic of Iran Navy based in Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan. The unit is one of top Takavar units among Iranian Armed Forces. The brigade operates in Persian Gulf and is able to operate 3,000 kilometers away from its HQ.

## Mission set

According to the US government, Islamic Republic of Iran Navy MARSOF "probably is trained in a variety of capabilities, including combat diving, parachuting, amphibious assault, airborne assault, underwater demolitions, special reconnaissance, and maritime visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) operations. IRIN SBS personnel are also capable of covert insertion from the IRIN's midget submarines.
# Karl-Wilhelm von Schlieben

Karl-Wilhelm von Schlieben (30 October 1894 – 18 June 1964) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II.

## Biography

Schlieben joined the Prussian Army in August 1914 and served during World War I. He served as a regimental commander with the 1st Panzer Division during the Battle of France in 1940. He then served as a brigade commander with the 4th Panzer Division on the Eastern Front from June 1942. In February 1943, Schlieben briefly took command of the 208th Infantry Division, before being transferred to the 18th Panzer Division in April, again as division commander.
Following the Battle of Kursk, the division was disbanded, and in December 1943, he was given command of the 709th Static Infantry Division, based in Normandy, France. The unit was used for occupation duties in France. The division was on the Normandy coast when the Allied invasion took place, and thus fought in the early days of the Battle of Normandy, quickly becoming trapped in the Cotentin Peninsula. As U.S. forces sealed off the peninsula, the remnants of the division fell back on Cherbourg.
On 23 June 1944, Schlieben was appointed commandant of Cherbourg, which the German high command had designated as a 'fortress'. Three days later, von Schlieben and over 800 other troops surrendered to Major General Manton S. Eddy, the commander of the U.S. 9th Infantry Division. He was held at Trent Park before he was transferred to Island Farm on 9 August 1945. He was released on 7 October 1947. Schlieben died on 18 June 1964 in Gießen.

## Sources

* Gordon A.Harrison, Cross Channel Attack
* Jorge Rosado & Chris Bishop, German Wehrmacht Panzer Divisions
* John Keegan, Six Armies in Normandy
# Luis Hicks

Luis Eduardo Hicks Castillo (born November 27, 1978) is a Chilean former footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Hicks first played for Provincial Osorno, before moving to Rangers de Talca, and Unión Española, all three clubs being in his homeland.
His next destination was to be Indonesia, where he played for another three clubs, PSMS Medan, Medan Jaya and Persikabo Bogor until 2008 when he moved to Singapore to play for Sengkang Punggol and Woodlands Wellington FC. As a member of PSMS Medan, he won the 2005 Piala Emas Bang Yos (Gold Cup Bang Yos) alongside his compatriots Mario Quiñones, Christian González and Alejandro Tobar.
His last club was Medan Chiefs in Liga Premier Indonesia. It is a club that owned by Sihar Sitorus, a businessman tha own Pro Titan FC in Medan, Indonesia.
Following his retirement, he has developed a career as coach at youth academies.

## Personal life

Hicks made his home in Jakarta. He now coaches the football team in ACS Jakarta school, where he coaches youth prodigies like Dylan Wong Hoi Mun, Ruan Jicheng and Axel Alberto Hinsatua Nababan. He coached the team during the JSSL Singapore Professional Academy 7s 2024 tournament in the u16 division, where they very tragically lost in the quarter finals.

## Honours

PSMS Medan
* Piala Emas Bang Yos (Gold Cup Bang Yos): 2005
* ACS Honours Day commendation award
# Siegmund Freiherr von Schleinitz

Siegmund Freiherr von Schleinitz (23 July 1890 – 30 November 1968) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Schleinitz surrendered to the Red Army in the course of the Soviet 1945 East Pomeranian Offensive. Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union, he was held until 1955.

## Awards

* German Cross in Gold (26 December 1941)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 14 August 1943 as Generalleutnant and commander of 9th Infantry Division
# Otto Sponheimer

Otto Sponheimer (19 December 1886 – 14 March 1961) was a German general (General of the Infantry) in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded several corps. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.

## Awards and decorations

* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 8 August 1941 as Generalleutnant and commander of 21. Infanterie-Division
# Luis Vicentini

Luis Vicentini (March 24, 1902 - February 9, 1938) was a Chilean boxer. In 1922 he starred in Carlos F. Borcosque's debut picture Hombres de esta tierra.
# Joachim von Siegroth

Joachim von Siegroth (25 December 1896 – 2 May 1945) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Siegroth was listed as missing in action during the Battle of Halbe in May 1945.

## Awards and decorations

* Iron Cross (1914) 2nd Class (9 October 1914)
* Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (12 June 1940) & 1st Class (22 June 1940)
* Honour Roll Clasp of the Army (19 December 1941)
* German Cross in Gold on 19 December 1941 as Oberstleutnant in Infanterie-Regiment 255
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 18 October 1944 as Oberst and commander of a Kampfgruppe of the Fahnenjunker-Schule VI of the infantry Metz
Towards the end of the war, Siegroth was nominated for the Oak Leaves. The Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) received the nomination for the Oak Leaves from the commander-in-chief of the 9. Armee Theodor Busse via teleprinter message on 21 April 1945 announcing that a detailed statement with explanations will follow. This nomination went to the chief of the HPA in Berlin and to the Army Group Vistula. Major Joachim Domaschk noted on 28 April: "Waiting for announced statement!" The nomination list of the higher grade of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves notes the entry date of 19 March 1945. This is the date when the nomination was sent. An almost unreadable comment states "Waiting". According to Fellgiebel a note claims "service proposal regarding immediate presentation pending". Scherzer does not confirm this entry but states that a comment "Waiting for announced statement" is noted instead. No further comments indicate that the nomination was further processed. According to the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle and lacks legal justification.
# Wilson Wallace

Wilson Wallace was an American politician who served in the Oklahoma House of Representatives representing Carter County.

## Biography

A member of the Democratic Party, Wallace served in the Oklahoma House representing Carter County from 1937 to 1941 and 1945 to 1949. He ran in the 1962 United States Senate election in Oklahoma, losing to Mike Monroney.

## Electoral history

Democratic primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Monroney (inc.) | 335,922 | 74.31% |
| | Democratic | Wilson Wallace | 64,996 | 14.38% |
| | Democratic | Billy E. Brown | 26,440 | 5.85% |
| | Democratic | Woodrow W. Bussey | 24,725 | 5.47% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 452,083 | 100.00% |
# Soqotri people

The Soqotri people, sometimes referred to as Socotran, are a South Arabian ethnic group native to the Gulf of Aden island of Socotra. They speak the Soqotri language, a Modern South Arabian language in the Afroasiatic family.

## General

The Soqotri primarily inhabit the Socotra Archipelago, on Socotra island and the Abd al Kuri, Darsah and Samhah districts of the Amanat Al Asimah governorate, Yemen.
According to Ethnologue, there are an estimated 71,400 Soqotri. As of the last 1990 Socotra census, they numbered around 57,000.
Most Soqotri are Sunni Muslim. Historically, Soqotri were Nestorian Christians, from the Christianization of the island between the 4th and 6th centuries up until the 15th century, when the island was occupied by the Mehri Sultanate in 1480. This led to slow Islamisation of the Soqotri.

## Language

The Soqotri speak the Soqotri language (also known as Saqatri, Socotri, Sokotri and Suqutri). It belongs to the Modern South Arabian languages which are closer to the Ethiopian Semitic languages than to Arabic (Central Semitic languages). Despite historical contacts with the Arabic language, there is no mutual understanding between native speakers of the Modern South Arabian languages and native speakers of Arabic. Moreover, there is no mutual understanding between the speakers of the Modern South Arabian languages themselves, and the Soqotri language is only spoken on the island of Socotra.
Soqotri has several dialects, which consist of ’Abd Al-Kuri, Central Soqotri, Northern Soqotri, Southern Soqotri and Western Soqotri. North Soqotri comprises North Central and Northwest Central (highland) Soqotri.
The language is written using the Naskh variant of the Arabic script. Soqotri is also transcribed with the Latin script.

## Genetics

Most Soqotri belong to the paternal haplogroup J, bearing the basal J*(xJ1,J2) clade at its highest frequencies (71.4%). The remaining individuals mainly carry the J1 subclade (14.3%). YFull and FTDNA however, failed to find J* people anywhere in the world although there are 2 J2-Y130506 persons and 1 J1 person from Soqotra Island.
Maternally, the Soqotri primarily belong to the haplogroups N (24.3% N*; 6.2% N1a) and R0 (17.8% R0a1b; 13.8% R0a; 6.2% R0a1). The basal N* clade occurs at its highest frequencies among them. The next most common mtDNA lineages borne by Soqotri individuals are the haplogroups J (9.2% J*; 3.1 J1b), T (7.7% T2; 1.2% T*), L3 (4.3% L3*), H (3.1%), and R (1.2 R*).
A 2024 study sampled whole-genomes from 39 Soqotri inhabitants from 650-1750 CE, and found that the individuals had a strong genetic relation to Hadhrami Arabs, another Southern Arabian population. These Medieval Soqotri inhabitants were said to derive 86% of their ancestry from Arabs of the Hadramawt region in Yemen, with the Soqotri genome remaining stable over a millennium. The deep ancestry of both the Soqotra and Hadramawt groups was said to be similar to that of Natufians, rather than being from the later Levantine/Anatolian farmers.
# Siegbert Alber

Siegbert Alber (27 July 1936 - 4 June 2021) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and former member of the German Bundestag.

## Life

Alber was a member of the CDU. He was active in the youth organization Junge Union as district, county, and state chairman. From 1971 to 1980 he was chairman of the CDU district association in Stuttgart, which subsequently elected him honorary chairman. From 1969 to 1980, he was a member of the CDU in the German Bundestag for three legislative periods for Baden-Württemberg and a member of the European Parliament from 1977 to 1997. From 1984 to 1992 he was Vice-President of the CDU, having previously been Vice-Chairman of the EPP Group since 1982. He is a founder of the government relations law firm Alber & Geiger in Brussels.

## Literature

Herbst, Ludolf; Jahn, Bruno (2002). Vierhaus, Rudolf (ed.). Biographisches Handbuch der Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages. 1949–2002 [Biographical Handbook of the Members of the German Bundestag. 1949–2002] (in German). München: De Gruyter - De Gruyter Saur. p. 1715. ISBN 978-3-11-184511-1.
# Felix Schwalbe

Eugen-Felix Schwalbe (25 March 1892 – 12 June 1974) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

## Awards and decorations

* German Cross in Silver on 30 October 1943 and in Gold on 7 December 1944
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 13 July 1940 as Oberst and commander of Infanterie-Regiment 461
# Mária Janák

Mária Janák (born 8 February 1958 in Baja, Bács-Kiskun) is a former javelin thrower from Hungary, who set her personal best in 1982, throwing 62.10 metres. She competed for her country at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR, finishing 13th place (57.80 metres) in the overall-rankings.