OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Magnuson Act

The Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act of 1943, also known as the Magnuson Act, was an immigration law proposed by US Representative (later Senator) Warren G. Magnuson of Washington and signed into law on December 17, 1943, in the United States. It allowed Chinese immigration for the first time since the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, and permitted some Chinese immigrants already residing in the country to become naturalized citizens. However, in many states, Chinese Americans (mostly immigrants but sometimes US citizens) were denied property-ownership rights either by law or de facto until the Magnuson Act itself was fully repealed in 1965.
This act is the first legislation since 1870 which relaxed racial and national immigration barriers in the United States and started the way to the completely non-racial immigration legislation and policy of the late 1960s.
The Magnuson Act was passed on December 17, 1943, two years after the Republic of China became an official allied nation of the United States in World War II. Although considered a positive development by many, it was still restrictive, limiting Chinese immigrants to an annual quota of 105 new entry visas. The quota was determined according to the National Origins Formula prescribed by the Immigration Act of 1924, which set immigration quotas on countries subject to the law as a fraction of 150,000 in proportion to the number of inhabitants of that nationality residing in the United States as of the 1920 census, which for China was determined to be 0.07%, or 105 per annum. Chinese immigration later increased with the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which abolished the National Origins Formula.
# The Rainer Case

The Rainer Case (German: Der Fall Rainer) is a 1942 German drama film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Luise Ullrich, Paul Hubschmid and Karl Schönböck.
The film's sets were designed by the art directors Franz Bi and Botho Hoefer. It was partly shot on location around Admont in Austria. The film is set in 1918 during the closing stages of the First World War.

## Main cast

* Luise Ullrich as Prinzessin Henriette von Battenstein
* Paul Hubschmid as Franz Rainer
* Karl Schönböck as Erzherzog Karl Maria
* Elisabeth Markus as Fürstin von Battenstein
* Sepp Rist as Hauptmann Leopold Lechner
* Norbert Rohringer as Peter Lechner
* Maria Koppenhöfer as Gräfin Erna von Eckersberg
* Heinz Salfner as Auditor
* Viktor Gehring as Infanterist Schober
* Erich Musil as Unteroffizier Dirrmoser
* Oskar Dimroth as Hofrat Hordaczek
* Bruno Hübner as Orchestervorstand Sonberger
* Ekkehard Arendt as Adjutant des Erzherzogs
* Kurt Meisel as Leutnant von Benda
* Karl Günther as Ehrengerichtsvorsitzender
* Hubert Kiurina as Infanterist Natterer
* Heinrich Troxbömker as Kammerdiener Gaston
* Walter Janssen as Haushofmeister
* Karl Hellmer as Verwaltungsinspektor Strehuber
* Luis Rainer as Divisionskommandeur
* Ernst Sattler as Generalarzt
* Karl Etlinger as Oberazt
* Erich Ponto as Hotelwirt
* Gabriele Hoffmann as Oberschwester
* Melanie Horeschowsky as Wirtschafterin bei Birr
# Šimonovice

Šimonovice (German: Schimsdorf) is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,500 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Šimonovice consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Šimonovice (219)
* Minkovice (1,135)
* Rašovka (60)

## History

The first written mention Šimonovice is from 1545.
# Oldřichov v Hájích

Oldřichov v Hájích (German: Buschullersdorf) is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Oldřichov v Hájích consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Oldřichov v Hájích (692)
* Filipka (87)

## History

The first written mention of Oldřichov v Hájích is from 1381.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Oldřichov v Hájích is twinned with:
* Gozdnica, Poland
# 1948 Boulder state by-election

A by-election for the seat of Boulder in the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia was held on 4 December 1948. It was triggered by the death of Philip Collier, a former premier, on 18 October 1948. The Labor Party retained the seat at the election, with Charlie Oliver winning 78.9 percent of the first-preference vote.

## Background

Philip Collier had held Boulder for the Labor Party since the 1905 state election, winning re-election at thirteen further elections (and being returned unopposed five times). He was leader of the Labor Party from 1917 to 1936, and premier on two occasions, from 1924 to 1930 and from 1933 to 1936. Collier died at his home in Mount Lawley on 18 October 1948. After his death, the writ for the by-election was issued on 27 October, with the close of nominations on 19 November. Polling day was on 4 December, with the writ returned on 14 December.

## Results

Boulder state by-election, 1948 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Charlie Oliver | 2,399 | 78.9 | –21.1 |
| | Liberal | Billy Snedden | 553 | 18.2 | +18.2 |
| | Justice and Liberty Liberal | James Collins | 87 | 2.9 | +2.9 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 3,039 | 98.3 | n/a |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 53 | 1.7 | n/a |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,092 | 87.4 | n/a |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | n/a | |
* A two-party-preferred calculation was not made.

## Aftermath

Oliver was re-elected unopposed at the 1950 state election, but resigned his seat the following year to take up a position in the New South Wales union movement. One of his opponents for Labor preselection was John Teahan, who later won election to the Legislative Council in 1954. Billy Snedden, the unsuccessful Liberal candidate, eventually moved to Victoria and was elected to the House of Representatives. He was the Liberal Party's federal leader (and leader of the opposition) from 1972 to 1975.
# Bílá (Liberec District)

Bílá is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Bílá consists of 14 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Bílá (315)
* Bohdánkov (58)
* Chvalčovice (29)
* Dehtáry (11)
* Domaslavice (17)
* Hradčany (67)
* Klamorna (4)
* Kocourov (5)
* Kohoutovice (45)
* Letařovice (25)
* Petrašovice (136)
* Trávníček (24)
* Vesec (23)
* Vlčetín (195)
# Masuma

Masuma (Arabic: معصومة, romanized: Ma‘ṣūm; Japanese: 増実) is a feminine given name of Arabic origin, which translates to "innocent"; as well as a masculine name with Japanese origin, which translates to "increase, kindness".
Most notably this name was applied to Masuma e Qum, known more commonly as Fatimah bint Musa (c. 790 AD–816 AD), daughter of the seventh Twelver Shia Imam, Musa al-Kazim.

## People with the given name Masuma

* Masuma Anwar, Pakistani singer-songwriter, pediatric doctor, and musician
* Masuma Begum (1902–1990), Indian politician, social worker, and feminist
* Masuma Esmati-Wardak, Afghan writer and politician
* Masuma Hasan, Pakistani diplomat, chairperson of Pakistan Institute of International Affairs
* Masuma Rahman Nabila (born 1985), Bangladeshi television presenter, model and actress
* Masuma Sultan Begum (?–c. 1509), the Queen consort of Ferghana Valley and Samarkand as the fourth wife of Emperor Babur
* Masuma Sultan Begum (daughter of Babur) (c. 1508–?), Mughal princess and the daughter of the first Mughal emperor, Babur

## Other uses

* Masuma Dam, a gravity dam located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan
# Masoom

Masoom may refer to:
* Masoom (1941 film), Bollywood film
* Masoom (1960 film), Indian film by Satyen Bose
* Masoom (1983 film), Indian film by Shekhar Kapur
* Masoom (1996 film), Indian film by Mahesh Kothare
* Masoom (2014 film), Indian film
* Masoom (TV series), an Indian Hindi language thriller web series

## People with the name

* Rahi Masoom Raza (1927–1992), Urdu poet
* Mir Masoom Ali (born 1937), Bangladeshi-American statistician
* Mohammed Masoom Stanekzai (born 1958), Defense Minister of Afghanistan
* Munnawar Masoom, Indian singer of qawwali
# Miroslav Janíček

Miroslav Janíček (born 13 May 1974) is a Slovak weightlifter. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Lucy Jane Wood

Lucy Jane Wood (born 31 April 1991) is an English writer and YouTuber. She began her career making fashion-related videos and contributing pop culture articles to Cosmopolitan UK, Sugarscape, and Metro. Her debut fantasy novel Rewitched was published in 2024.

## Early life and education

Wood is from the Wirral and attended Wirral Grammar School for Girls. She graduated from Queen Mary University of London in 2013.

## Career

Shortly after graduating university, Wood started her YouTube channel in summer 2013. She became known for her fashion, beauty, and lifestyle content, particularly her Size 14 clothing haul series. She was a panelist at Summer in the City (SitC). As of 2024, Wood's channel had over 200 thousand subscribers.
In addition, Wood became a regular contributor to Cosmopolitan UK and worked as a multimedia editor at Sugarscape. After leaving the latter to freelance in 2017, she began contributing to Metro. In 2018 and 2019, her celebrity articles also appeared in Cosmopolitan's sister magazines such as Harper's Bazaar and Marie Claire, and she had a stint at the latter as a morning editor.
In February 2024, Wood signed a two-book deal with Pan Macmillan, through which she published her debut fantasy novel Rewitched that September. The novel follows a 30-year-old witch named Belle who lives in London. Wood had taken inspiration from 1990s witch-related media. To promote Rewitched, Pan Macmillan experimented with the publisher's first influencer-led marketing campaign. with Wood featured at the Edinburgh Women's Fiction Festival.

## Selected works

* Rewitched (2024)
* Untitled second novel
# 1974 South African general election

General elections were held in South Africa on 24 April 1974. They were called one year earlier than scheduled by Prime Minister John Vorster on 4 February. The House of Assembly was increased in size from 166 to 171 members. The election was once again won by the National Party, with a slightly increased parliamentary majority.
The Progressive Party made a major advance, however. In addition to Helen Suzman, re-elected for Houghton, five other members won seats including the party leader Colin Eglin. A seventh member of the caucus was elected at a by-election soon after. The United Party won 41 seats. The election also saw Harry Schwarz, leader of the United Party in the Transvaal, enter Parliament. Schwartz would soon lead a break away from the United Party and would become one of the Apartheid's more prominent opponents in Parliament, first forming the Reform Party and then joining with the Progressive Party to form the Progressive Reform Party in 1975, under the leadership of Colin Eglin.

## Nominations

Nominations closed on 18 March. A total of 334 candidates were nominated for 171 seats: National Party 137, United Party 110, Herstigte Nasionale Party 46, Progressive Party 23, Democratic Party 7 and others 11. 46 seats were won unopposed, 32 for the National Party and 14 for the United Party.

## Results
### House of Assembly

The members of the House of Assembly were elected in single-member constituencies via first-past-the-post voting. 125 of the 171 seats were contested. Voting did not take place in two constituencies, Pinelands and Wonderboom, where by-elections were later held; Pinelands was won by the Progressive Party and Wonderboom by the National Party.
| | National Party | 638,424 | 56.14 | 122 | +4 |
| | United Party | 363,478 | 31.96 | 41 | –6 |
| | Progressive Party | 72,479 | 6.37 | 6 | +5 |
| | Herstigte Nasionale Party | 44,717 | 3.93 | 0 | 0 |
| | Democratic Party | 10,050 | 0.88 | 0 | New |
| | Others | 5,471 | 0.48 | 0 | 0 |
| | Independents | 2,532 | 0.22 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacant | Vacant | | | 2 | – |
| Total | Total | 1,137,151 | 100.00 | 171 | +5 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 1,137,151 | 98.19 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 20,923 | 1.81 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 1,158,074 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 2,232,623 | 51.87 | | |
| Source: Official Yearbook The New York Times ||||||

#### By province

| Province | National | United | Progressive | Total |
| Transvaal | 62 | 11 | 4 | 76 |
| Cape | 37 | 15 | 3 | 56 |
| Natal | 5 | 15 | 0 | 20 |
| Orange Free State | 14 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| South-West Africa | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Total | 123 | 41 | 7 | 171 |
| Source: Stadler |||||

### Senate

The elections for the Senate were held on 30 May 1974 by an electoral college made up of members of the Assembly and various others. The National Party gained one seat at the expense of the United Party, winning 32 of the 44 seats (the United Party held 12 seats).
| Party | Party | Seats | +/– |
| | National Party | 32 | +1 |
| | United Party | 12 | –1 |
| Total | Total | 44 | 0 |
# 1949 Olympia earthquake

The 1949 Olympia earthquake occurred on April 13 at 11:55:44 local time with a moment magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (Severe). The shock was located in the area between Olympia and Tacoma, and was felt throughout the state, as well as parts of Oregon, British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana. It is the largest recorded earthquake to occur in the Puget Sound region of Washington. Eight people were killed, a minimum of 64 people were injured, and the total damage is estimated at $25 million.

## Damage

Damage in Olympia from the earthquake was estimated between $500,000 and $1 million by Governor Arthur B. Langlie. Eight buildings on the State Capital campus were damaged by the earthquake, as well as the Old Capitol Building in downtown Olympia. A 23-ton cradle on the east tower of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge fell 500 feet (150 m), injuring two men. The earthquake caused geysers to explode along the railroad track in the Tacoma tidal flats and in Puyallup.
In Seattle, nearly every building in the Pioneer Square neighborhood was affected in some way, with damage ranging from lost parapets to entire floors and in some cases entire buildings needing to be demolished over the following years. Most buildings still show the scars of earthquake damage and the mostly hasty repairs made to them.
Chimneys throughout western Washington collapsed. Severe damage were recorded at schools in Adna and Napavine, and structural losses to buildings in Centralia's downtown district. The earthquake caused catastrophic loss to two schools in Chehalis, a state training school for youths and West Side Elementary; neither were rebuilt.
Eight people were killed, including young crossing guard Marvin Klegman who shielded a second-grader from falling bricks. At least 64 people were injured, and the total damage is estimated at $25 million.
# Vimarcé

Vimarcé (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France. On 1 January 2021, Vimarcé was merged into the new commune Vimartin-sur-Orthe.
# Mahmoud Fayad

Mahmoud Fayad (Egyptian Arabic: محمود فياض; March 9, 1925 – December 18, 2002) was an Egyptian Olympic champion weightlifter. He competed in the Featherweight (-60 kg) division weightlifting at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. He won a gold medal for Egypt after lifting a record of 332.5 kg.
# 1916 Democratic National Convention

The 1916 Democratic National Convention was held at the St. Louis Coliseum in St. Louis, Missouri from June 14 to June 16, 1916. It resulted in the nomination of President Woodrow Wilson and Vice President Thomas R. Marshall for reelection.

## Presidential nomination
### Presidential candidates

* President Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey
Senator Hughes of New Jersey made the motion to suspend the rules and nominate Woodrow Wilson by acclamation. The motion was seconded in all parts of the house, but Robert Emmett Burke, the uninstructed delegate from Chicago, made a point of order and demanded a roll call. The point of order was not taken into account by Chairman James, who put the motion before the convention. He called for the "ayes" and there was a great shout. "Contraries," demanded Burke. Chairman James called for the "nays" and Burke voted "nay" in a loud voice. There was some hissing, but it was drowned by cheers when, at 11:54pm, Chairman James declared Woodrow Wilson nominated for president by the convention.
Presidential Nomination :
| Candidate | Voice Vote |
| Pro-Wilson | 1,091 |
| Anti-Wilson | 1 |
Presidential Nomination / 2nd Day of Convention (June 15, 1916)
* Presidential Nomination (Voice Vote)

## Demonstrations

Women's suffrage activists in Missouri staged a demonstration for the convention. Suffragists Emily Newell Blair and Edna Gellhorn came up with the idea and organized a "walkless, talkless parade," also called the "Golden Lane." Around 3,000 suffragists lined twelve blocks of Locust Street in St. Louis, wearing white dresses, "votes for women" sashes and holding yellow umbrellas. Democratic delegates had to walk past the suffragists to reach the convention hall. The demonstration was meant to represent how women were silenced by not being allowed to vote and received national attention in the press. The Democratic delegates did decide to support women's suffrage on a state by state basis.
# Stellar engineering

Stellar engineering is a type of engineering (currently a form of exploratory engineering) concerned with creating or modifying stars through artificial means.
While humanity does not yet possess the technological ability to perform stellar engineering of any kind, stellar manipulation (or husbandry), requiring substantially less technological advancement than would be needed to create a new star, could eventually be performed in order to stabilize or prolong the lifetime of a star, mine it for useful material (known as star lifting) or use it as a direct energy source. Since a civilization advanced enough to be capable of manufacturing a new star would likely have vast material and energy resources at its disposal, it almost certainly wouldn't need to do so.

## In science fiction

Many science fiction authors have explored the possible applications of stellar engineering, among them Iain M Banks, Larry Niven and Arthur C. Clarke.
In the novel series Star Carrier by Ian Douglas the Sh’daar species merge many stars to make blue giants, which then explode to become black holes. These perfectly synchronized black holes form a Tipler cylinder called the Texagu Resh gravitational anomaly.
In the novel series The Book of The New Sun by Gene Wolfe, the brightness of Urth's sun seems to have been reduced by artificial means.
In the season 3 (1989) episode "Take Me to Your Leader" of the 1987 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles cartoon, Krang, Shredder, Bebop and Rocksteady use a Solar Siphon to aim towards the Sun, and store the solar energy into compact batteries, freezing the Earth making it too cold for people to resist them. Once the Turtles have defeated them, Donatello reverses the flow.
In episode 12 of Stargate Universe, Destiny was dropped prematurely out of FTL by an uncharted star that the crew determines to be artificially created and younger than 200 million years old with an Earth-sized planet containing a biosphere exactly like Earth's being the only planet in the system.
In Firefly (TV series), set 500 years in the future, several gas giants are "Helioformed" to create viable suns for the surrounding planets and moons.
In the Space Empires series the last available technology for research is called Stellar Manipulation. In addition to the ability to create and destroy stars, this branch also gives a race the ability to create and destroy black holes, wormholes, nebulae, planets, ringworlds and sphereworlds. Just as described above, this technology is so advanced that once the player has the ability to use them, they usually don't need them anymore. This is even more the case with the last two; once one of these megastructures is complete, the race controlling the ringworld or sphereworld has almost unlimited resources, usually leading to defeat of the others.
In The Saga of the Seven Suns, by Kevin J. Anderson, humans are able to convert gas giant planets into stars through the use of a "Klikiss Torch". This device creates a wormhole between two points in space, allowing a neutron star to be dropped into the planet and ignite stellar nuclear fusion.
# The Remix Album (Vengaboys album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Remix Album is an album released by techno/electronica group, the Vengaboys in 2000.

## Track listing

* "We're Going to Ibiza! (Hitclub Airplay)"
* "We Like to Party (More Airplay)"
* "Boom, Boom, Boom, Boom!! (XXL Version)"
* "Up and Down (Video Mix)"
* "Ho Ho Vengaboys (XXL Version)"
* "To Brazil! (XXL)"
* "Vengababes from Outer Space"
* "We're Going to Ibiza! (Hit Radio Mix)"
* "Parada de Tettas (Radio XL)"
* "Vengaboys Megamix '99 (Edit)"
* "We Like to Party! (Jason Nevins RMX)"
* "Up and Down (Airplay XXL)"
* "We're Going to Ibiza! (Hitclub Extended Mix)"
* "We Like to Party (DJ Vanhaze Hitmix)"
* "Vengaboys Megamix '99 (Full Length Version)"
# Cora Livingston

Cora B. Bowser (1887/1889 – April 22, 1957), better known by the ring name Cora Livingston (also spelled as Livingstone) was an American professional wrestler. She is the first women's world champion in professional wrestling history.

## Early life

Cora Livingston's parents died when she was young. Therefore, Livingston was placed in a convent school where she was raised by the nuns.

## Professional wrestling career

Hailing from Buffalo, New York, Livingston began wrestling with the circus at age 16, Where her first match to be documented took place on March 19, 1906, at the Lafayette Theatre in Buffalo. She defeated Laura Bennett in 1910 to be the "first to be recognized as Women's Champion of the World". As Livingston toured throughout the United States and Canada, she managed to build herself as a credible champion, as she faced the opponents like Bessie Farrar and Celina Pontos. On September 7, 1910, Livingston faced a local competitor May Nelson. They wrestled around 13 minutes until the police had to stop the match, due to fans who tried to storm into the ring as Livingston being rough with Nelson. The match between the two resumed two days after that incident, where Livingston suffered her first loss in her wrestling career, although the match wasn't for Livingston's championship. Livingston retained her championship title until her retirement. In her later years, she mentored and coached Mildred Burke.

## Personal life and death

Livingston married a fellow wrestler Paul Bowser in 1913. After her retirement from professional wrestling, Livingston helped her husband run the New England wrestling territory. Livingston died in Boston on April 22, 1957.

## Championships and accomplishments

* Independent
** Women's World Championship (1 time, first)
** Women's World Lightweight championship (1 time)
* Greater Buffalo Sports Hall of Fame
** Class of 2022
* Women's Wrestling Hall of Fame
** Class of 2023