# Costante Girardengo

Costante Girardengo (Italian pronunciation:; 18 March 1893 – 9 February 1978) was an Italian professional road bicycle racer, considered by many to be one of the finest riders in the history of the sport. He was the first rider to be declared a "Campionissimo" or "champion of champions" by the Italian media and fans. At the height of his career, in the 1920s, he was said to be more popular than Mussolini and it was decreed that all express trains should stop in his home town Novi Ligure, an honour only normally awarded to heads of state.
His career achievements include two wins in the Giro d'Italia, six wins in Milan–San Remo, three wins in the Giro di Lombardia; he was also Italian road race champion on nine occasions. His professional career was extensive, lasting from 1912 to 1936 and was interrupted by World War I which robbed Girardengo of some of his best years. He was ranked number one in the World in 1919, 1922, 1923, 1925 and 1926. He raced almost exclusively in his home country as was the custom in those days, as foreign travel was not easy. Girardengo was of only small stature and this earned him the nickname "The Novi Runt".

## Career

Born in Novi Ligure (province of Alessandria, Piedmont), Costante Girardengo turned professional in 1913 at the age of 20 for the Maino-Dunlop team after impressing as an amateur the previous year by finishing runner up in the Tour of Tuscany. He met with immediate success winning a stage in the Giro d’Italia (his first of 30 stage wins in the Giro) and becoming Italian road race champion. He repeated these successes in 1914 and also took his first of his five wins in Milano–Torino. 1914 saw Girardengo win the longest ever stage in the Giro d'Italia, a 430 kilometre leg between Lucca and Rome. Later that same year Girardengo took part in the Tour de France for the only time in his career, riding as a guest for the Automoto team he crashed several times in stages five and six and abandoned the race. 1915 saw him take another win in Milano–Torino but Milan–San Remo resulted in disappointment when he was disqualified after winning the race for going off course.
Much of the professional cycle racing was stopped after 1915 because of the First World War and it was not until 1918 that Girardengo took another win, taking the first of his six victories in Milan–San Remo, a record which Eddy Merckx eventually eclipsed over 50 years later. He also finished in the first three of the same race every year from 1917 to 1926 and was first over the Turchino Pass on five occasions. His post 1918 form was all the more remarkable as during the First World War Girardengo had contracted Spanish flu and nearly died, his manager believing a survivor of that disease could not race properly refused at one point to renew his licence.
Girardengo took the first of his Giro d’Italia wins in 1919 (including seven stage wins), however his form in the Giro was not always good and he abandoned the race in the early stages in 1920, 1921 and 1922 before dominating in 1923. 1923 was undoubtedly Girardengo’s best year with 16 victories, he took his second Giro d’Italia win including eight of the ten stages as well as many of the top Italian one day races. Despite racing in Italy for most of his career, Girardengo had a burning desire to win Paris–Roubaix, he first raced there in 1921 but he was unlucky on several occasions, breaking his bike when well placed and never coming close to winning. In 1924 Girardengo won the GP Wolber in France, then regarded as the unofficial World Championship.
Girardengo finished runner up in the inaugural World Championship road race held on the Nürburgring in Germany in 1927, the four man Italian team also included Alfredo Binda, Gaetano Belloni and Domenico Piemontesi, the Italians worked perfectly as a team with Binda breaking away 20 miles from the finish to win comfortably, the Italians filled the first four places on that rainy day in Germany. He took his sixth win in Milan–San Remo in 1928 and this was his last big victory on the road although he continued riding until the 1936 season when he retired at the age of 43.
After his retirement Girardengo became involved as a coach of the professional Maino team. He also became the head coach of the Italian national squad for a time, advising Gino Bartali when he won the 1938 Tour de France. Later on he gave his name “Girardengo” to a brand of motorbikes manufactured between 1951 and 1954 in the northern Italian city of Alessandria.
He has been immortalised in Italian popular culture through the critically acclaimed song "Il Bandito e il Campione" by Francesco De Gregori that juxtaposes his life with that of his childhood friend the notorious bandit and outlaw Sante Pollastri.
He died in 1978 at Cassano Spinola, just outside Novi Ligure, at the age of 84.

## Major results

Source:

### 1912

    1st Coppa de Bagni di Casciana

### 1913

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Stage 6 Giro d'Italia
    1st Overall Corsa XX Septembre
       1st Stage 2
    1st Coppa Borzino
    1st Gran Fondo

### 1914

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Stage 3 Giro d'Italia
    1st Milano–Torino
    2nd Overall Giro della Romagna
    2nd Giro dell'Emilia

### 1915

    1st Milano–Torino

### 1917

    2nd Milan–San Remo
    2nd Overall Giro della Provincia Milan (with Angelo Gremo)
    2nd Milan-Bellagio-Varèse

### 1918

    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Giro dell'Emilia
    1st Serravalle-Arquata
    1st Turin-Arquata (with Gaetano Belloni, Lauro Bordin, and Luigi Lucotti)
    2nd Milan-Varèse

### 1919

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Overall Giro d'Italia
       1st Stages 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10
    1st Giro di Lombardia
    1st Milan-Modène
    1st Milano–Torino
    1st Giro dell'Emilia
    1st Giro del Piemonte
    1st Overall Giro della Provincia Milan (with Angelo Gremo)
    1st Overall Rome-Trente-Trieste
       1st Stages 1, 2, & 3
    2nd Milan–San Remo

### 1920

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Milan-Modène
    1st Giro del Piemonte
    1st Milano–Torino
    1st Turin-Gênes
    2nd Giro dell'Emilia
    2nd Milan-San Pellegrino
    2nd Overall Giro della Provincia Milan (with Annoni)
    3rd Milan–San Remo

### 1921

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Giro di Lombardia
    Giro d'Italia
       1st Stages 1, 2, 3, & 4
    1st Giro dell'Emilia
    1st Milan-San Pellegrino
    1st Genoa–Nice
    1st Overall Corsa XX Septembre
    1st Overall Giro della Provincia Milan (with Giuseppe Azzini)
    2nd Milan-Modène

### 1922

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Giro di Lombardia
    1st Overall Corsa XX Septembre
    1st Giro dell'Emilia
    1st Giro di Romagna
    1st Tour du Lac Leman
    1st Critérium de Genève
    1st Tour des Deux Golfes
    1st Giro della Provincia de Milan (with Belloni)
    1st Stage 2 Giro d'Italia
    2nd Milan–San Remo

### 1923

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Overall Giro d'Italia
       1st Stages 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, & 10
    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Overall Corsa XX Septembre
    1st Milano–Torino
    1st Giro del Veneto
    1st Giro di Toscana
    1st Giro de la Province de Turin (with Giovanni Brunero)

### 1924

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Giro del Piemonte
    1st Giro del Veneto
    1st Giro di Toscana
    1st GP Wolber
    1st G.P Milazzo
    2nd Giro di Lombardia
    3rd Milan–San Remo

### 1925

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Critérium National
    1st Giro del Veneto
    1st Overall Corsa XX Septembre
    1st Giro dell'Emilia
    1st G.P Milazzo
    1st Overall Giro de la Province de Milan (with Ottavio Bottecchia)
       1st Stage 1
    2nd Overall Giro d'Italia
       1st Stages 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, & 11
    2nd Critérium des As à Turin

### 1926

    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Giro di Romagna
    1st Giro del Veneto
    Giro d'Italia
       1st Stages 4 & 5
    2nd Giro di Toscana
    3rd Giro del Piemonte
    3rd Critérium de Genève

### 1927

    1st 6 Days of Milan (with Alfredo Binda)
    2nd Professional road race, UCI Road World Championships
    2nd G.P de Turin

### 1928

    1st Milan–San Remo
    1st Milan-Modène
    1st 6 Days of Milan (with Pietro Linari)
    1st 6 Days of Breslau (with Willy Rieger)
    1st 6 Days of Leipzig (with Antonio Negrini)

### 1929

    2nd 6 Days of Paris (with Pietro Linari)

### 1930

    5th Milan–San Remo

### 1932

    2nd Overall Giro de la Province de Milan (with Learco Guerra)

### 1935

    1st Stage 3 Giro delle Quattro
    2nd Asti-Ceriale
    3rd Circuit Apuan
    3rd Circuit d'Imola