OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Irit Meir

Irit Meir (Hebrew: עירית מאיר; August 18, 1957 – February 23, 2018) was an Israeli linguist, who specialized in the linguistics of sign languages. She was an associate professor in the Department of Hebrew Language and the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Haifa, and the associate director of the Sign Language Research Lab.

## Early life

Irit Meir was born Irit Eisenstadt on August 18, 1957 in Jerusalem. Her parents were Professor Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt, an Israeli sociologist, and Shulamit.
During her school years, Irit was involved with the Israeli Scout Movement, where she was a leader. She participated in several Israeli youth delegations to the USA and Europe, and was involved in social and voluntary activities during her school years. She also played the flute for years. Meir finished high school at the top of her class, serving as valedictorian at its graduation ceremony. In 1975 she spent a pre-induction year of social work in the southern town of Mitzpe Ramon.
Her army service was with the IDF Intelligence Corps, in which she furthered her studies of the Arabic language.

## Career in linguistics

Irit Meir obtained her PhD in 1998 from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her thesis was entitled, "Thematic structure and verb agreement in Israeli Sign Language." The syntax and semantics of verb agreement was one central strand of her research on sign languages. Another was iconicity.
Meir wrote a book on Israeli Sign Language aimed at the general public with Wendy Sandler (Meir & Sandler 2007).
In collaboration with Mark Aronoff, Carol Padden and Wendy Sandler, Meir made fundamental contributions to the investigation of the emergence of language with her research on Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language. Their research is featured in the popular science book, Talking Hands, by Margalit Fox.
Meir was also a scholar of Modern Hebrew, serving on a committee for linguistic terminology in the national Academy of the Hebrew Language. She authored articles on the linguistics of Modern Hebrew and, with Moshe Bar-Asher, co-edited Nit'e Ilan: Studies in Hebrew and Related Fields.

## Selected publications

* Meir, Irit. 2002. A cross-modality perspective on verb agreement. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 20, 413–450.
* Meir, Irit. 2010. Iconicity and metaphor: constraints on metaphorical extension of iconic forms. Language 96, 865–896.
* Meir, Irit & Wendy Sandler. 2007. A Language in Space: the Story of Israeli Sign Language. Psychology Press.
* Sandler, Wendy, Aronoff, Mark, Padden, Carol & Meir, Irit. (2014). Language emergence. In J. Sindell, P. Kockelman & N. Enfield (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of linguistic anthropology (pp. 250–284). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Sandler, Wendy, Meir, Irit, Padden, Carol & Aronoff, Mark. 2005. The emergence of grammar: Systematic structure in a new language. PNAS 102, 2661–2665.
* Sandler, Wendy, Aronoff, Mark, Meir, Irit, Padden, Carol. (2011). The Gradual Emergence of Phonological Form in a New Language. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 29, 503–543.
# 1958 Argyll by-election

The 1958 Argyll by-election of 12 June 1958 was held after the death of Conservative Party MP Duncan McCallum.
The seat was safe, having been won at the 1955 United Kingdom general election by over 10,000 votes On the eve of the by-election The Glasgow Herald said the campaign had been "strenuously", but cleanly fought by the candidates. It also noted that while Labour's candidate, Robert Young, had predicted a victory for himself, such a result would be a surprise, with the contest being seen as a battle between the Unionists (as the Conservatives in Scotland were styled) and the Liberals.

## Result of the previous general election

General election 1955: Argyll :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Duncan McCallum | 19,119 | 67.77 | |
| | Labour | Robert M. Young | 9,091 | 32.23 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 10,028 | 35.54 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 28,210 | 66.9 | −0.2 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |

## Result of the by-election

By-election 1958: Argyll :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Michael Noble | 12,541 | 46.79 | −20.98 |
| | Liberal | William D. McKean | 7,375 | 27.52 | New |
| | Labour | Robert M. Young | 6,884 | 25.69 | −6.54 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,166 | 19.27 | −16.28 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 26,800 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |

## Aftermath

While Noble held the seat for the Unionists, their majority was significantly reduced, while the Liberal Party pushed Labour into third place. After his victory Noble said that his win represented "a vote of confidence in the Government" as he had fought the contest "entirely on the Government's record". In contrast McKean said that the result meant that the constituency was "no longer a safe Tory seat". He also claimed that the contest had been a "trial run" for the next general election and the Liberals would be ready to fight it. The Glasgow Herald noted that the election was the first time the Liberals had contested Argyll since 1945, further commenting that "the Argyll Liberal Party re-formed only a few months before the by-election". The newspaper stated that given this, the Liberals had "every reason to be pleased" with the result they had achieved.
Young claimed that the "anti-government vote" had been split, but argued that despite winning the seat the Conservative government could not "view the result with any great satisfaction." He also announced that he would not contest the seat again in the future, this being the third time that he had stood in Argyll and failed to be elected.
Ultimately the Liberals did contest the seat at the next year's general election, but their new candidate Gerard Noel could only finish in third place, with Labour regaining second spot. The Labour vote share actually remained relatively static, with Noble's vote share increasing from 46.8% to 58.4%, with the Liberal vote share dropping from 27.5% to 15.7%. However both the Labour and Conservative share were down on their 1955 levels.
# 11th Canadian Film Awards

The 11th Canadian Film Awards were held on June 5, 1959 to honour achievements in Canadian film.
At this time, independent film production was improving and television production in Canada was booming, largely due to the Board of Broadcast Governors' anticipated Canadian Content ruling for television. Several production companies had been established, sound stages had been built; it was an encouraging atmosphere in which to recognize the previous year's filmmakers. The ceremony was hosted by W. J. Sheridan, the president of the Canadian Public Relations Society.

## Winners

* Film of the Year: Not awarded
* Feature Film: No entries submitted
* Theatrical Short: The Tall Country — Parry Films, Lew Parry producer, Osmond Borradaile director
       Money Minters — Crawley Films, Ted De Wit producer and director
       The Quest — National Film Board of Canada, Nicholas Balla producer, Stanley Jackson director
* Arts and Experimental: Not awarded
* TV Information: Winter Crossing at L'Isle-Aux-Coudres — National Film Board of Canada, Pierre Perrault producer, René Bonnière and Pierre Perrault, directors
       One Day's Poison — National Film Board of Canada, David Bairstow producer, Donald Wilder director
       Blood and Fire — National Film Board of Canada, Wolf Koenig and Roman Kroitor producers, Terence Macartney-Filgate director
* Films for Children: Not awarded
* Travel and Recreation: Grey Cup Festival '58 — Chetwynd Films, Arthur Chetwynd producer and director
       Quetico — Christopher Chapman and Bill Mason producers, Christopher Chapman director
* General Information: The Living Stone — National Film Board of Canada, Tom Daly producer, John Feeney director
* Public Relations: Saskatchewan, Our University — Crawley Films, Edmund Reid producer and director
* Sales Promotion: Beauty to Live With — Crawley Films, Edmund Reid director
* Training and Instruction: Fire in Town — National Film Board of Canada, Peter Jones producer, Julian Biggs director
* Filmed Commercial: Du Maurier Cigarettes — Omega Productions, Richard J. Jarvis producer
* Amateur: Watch Out — John W. Ruddell
       Pinoke — Jack S. Grassick
* Special Awards
       - Canadian Broadcasting Corporation — "for its encouragement of the appreciation of good filmmaking over the years through Gerald Pratley's two weekly radio programs, The Movie Scene and Music from the Films".
       - Dean Walker (writer) — "for encouragement of high standards in Canadian film production through his articles".
# American Indian Chicago Conference

The American Indian Chicago Conference (AICC) was an influential, week-long conclave of 460 American Indians from 90 tribes from June 13 to June 20, 1961. One convener of the event, University of Chicago anthropologist Sol Tax, the founder of "action anthropology," described the purpose of the event as helping "all Indians of the whole nation to express their own views" and to create if possible a shared declaration. Among the key organizers were Lacy W. Maynor (Lumbee) and William C. Rickard (Tuscarora), the son of Clinton Rickard, founder of the Indian Defense League.
The Emil Schwarzhaupt Foundation, Wenner-Gren Foundation, and the University of Chicago provided some financial support for the meeting.
After exchanging opinions that ranged over many aspects of Indian affairs, the conference created a Declaration of Indian Purpose, the first major, collective statement on tribal self-determination.
Representatives from the conference formally presented the declaration to President John F. Kennedy in a ceremony at the White House on August 5, 1962. The spirit of self-determination expressed in the document was a cornerstone of Native activism in the years that followed, including the Red Power movement and the expansion of Native American gaming.
After the White House gathering, the Indians met with Vice President Lyndon Johnson, Senator Sam J. Ervin, Jr., and Congressman Ben Reifel, himself of Lakota Indian ancestry and a founder of NCAI, in order to discuss a legislative program suggested by the Declaration of Indian Purpose.
# 1963 Grey by-election

A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Grey on 1 June 1963. This was triggered by the death of Labor MP Edgar Russell.
The by-election was won by Labor candidate Jack Mortimer.

## Results

Grey by-election, 1963 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Jack Mortimer | 21,463 | 51.3 | −6.9 |
| | Liberal | Vern Dyason | 17,494 | 41.8 | +3.6 |
| | Independent | Leonard Kent | 1,265 | 3.0 | +3.0 |
| | Democratic Labor | Richard Mills | 935 | 2.2 | −1.4 |
| | Independent Labor | Desmond Clark | 705 | 1.7 | +1.7 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 41,862 | 98.3 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 718 | 1.7 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 42,580 | 91.8 | |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Labor | Jack Mortimer | | 53.5 | −5.3 |
| | Liberal | Vern Dyason | | 46.5 | +5.3 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | −5.3 | |
# Mildred Fox

Mildred Fox (born 17 June 1971) is an Irish former independent politician. She was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Wicklow constituency from 1995 to 2007.

## Private life

She was educated at St. Kilian's Community School in Bray and is a graduate of University College Dublin holding a BA degree. Before becoming a TD, she worked as a hotel manager. She is married to Daryl Tighe, and they have four children.

## Political career

During the 1997 to 2002 Dáil she gained some notability as she, and other independent TDs, supported the government which otherwise would not have had an overall majority. Before and after this period she was little known outside Wicklow. She was also a member of Wicklow County Council from 1995 to 2003, when she vacated her seat in favour of her brother, Christopher, when the dual mandate ended.
She was first elected to the 27th Dáil at the Wicklow by-election in June 1995 following the death of her father, sitting independent TD Johnny Fox. She was re-elected at the 1997 general election and again at the 2002 general election. On both occasions, she was the last candidate to reach the quota. In 2002 she was elected by an extremely narrow margin of 19 votes over the Labour Party candidate Nicky Kelly. She retired at the 2007 general election. Fox wished to spend more time with her children, telling The Irish Times in 2010 that "the family had to come first".
After retiring from politics, Fox started an ice cream business, and has volunteered at a local charity shop. She sings with the country band The Whipperwills and the folk duo Hidden Stills.
# Lilcho Arsov

Lilcho Ivanov Arsov (Bulgarian: Лилчо Иванов Арсов; born 16 October 1972) is a former Bulgarian football goalkeeper, who is currently coach at PFC Botev Plovdiv and scout for Ludogorets Razgrad.
Arsov previously played for PFC Botev Plovdiv in the A PFG. A fan favourite, despite his large frame, Arsov was known for his quick reflexes.
# Guntur famine of 1832

The Guntur famine of 1832 (also known as Dokkala Karuvu, or Nandana Karuvu, Pedda Karuvu, Dhatu Karuvu, Valasa Karuvu, Musti karuvu or Dobba Karuvu) was a famine which occurred in Guntur, Madras Presidency from 1832 to 1833. It occurred following widespread crop failures in region which was exacerbated by heavily levels of taxation levied by local authorities.. The famine killed 150,000 people, a third of Guntur's population of 500,000 through starvation. It also led to the deaths of 74,000 bulls, 159,000 cattle and 300,000 sheep and goats. From 1833 to 1848, the East India Company reported a loss of revenue of over 2.5 million pound sterling due to the famine, which also extended southwards to Madras.
# Mauren Brodbeck

Mauren Brodbeck (born 1974) is a Swiss contemporary artist.

## Early life and education

Mauren Brodbeck was born in Geneva, Switzerland. She trained in screenwriting, production and filmmaking in Canada. She was hired as an assistant director on the production of the film Drawing Flies, whose executive producers were Scott Mosier and Kevin Smith. From 2001 to 2004, she completed a degree at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena (California), gaining a Bachelor of Fine art in Photography and Imaging. She followed postgraduate studies in new media at the Geneva School of Art and Design [fr] (HEAD) in Geneva, a program called Immédiat.

## Biography

Her work was shown in the 2005 exhibition reGeneration 1 : 50 photographes de demain at the musée de l’Élysée in Lausanne, Switzerland, then traveled to Germany, Italy, China, and the United States. In 2006, she founded Compactlab with designer Oliver Rubli, and conducted multisensory, scripting and coloring of collective environments, with smells and sounds—an activity that she developed until 2018. From 2009 to 2012, for the Hans Wilsdorf Foundation, Brodbeck produced a photographic report of the Hans Wilsdorf Bridge construction in Geneva. At her solo exhibition Mood Motel, in 2016, at the Andata Ritorno contemporary art laboratory in Geneva, she presented a series of self-portraits taken in Hollywood motels. A conference entitled The Missing Motel was organized at the Pavillon Sicli on April 19, 2016, with art critic Reyner Banham and Jacques Ferrier. As part of the 6th edition of the Triennale 50JPG (50 jours pour la photographie à Genève), Brodbeck participated in the group exhibition Osmoscosmos at the Geneva Photography Center, from June to August 2019.

## Exhibitions

* reGeneration 1 : 50 photographes de demain, musée de l’Élysée, June to October 2005 and traveled to Germany, Italy, China, and the United States.
* Urbanscape, Cityscape and Chocolate Gallery Heckenhauer, Berlin, April 2007
* Sweet People, Lausanne, May 2010, Los Angeles, October 2010
* Seven Wonders, Espace R, 50 JPG, Geneva Photography Center, Genève, July 2010
* Barenaked, January 2015, Hermance (Switzerland), in Fondation Auer Ory pour la photographie Hermance de Michel Auer
* Mood Motel, Andata Ritorno Laboratory for Contemporary Art, Geneva, April 2016
* Erasure, Galerie J.J. Heckenhauer, Munich, June 2019
* Osmoscosmos, 6th edition of the Triennale 50JPG (50 jours pour la photographie), Geneva Photography Center, August 2019
# 1160 in Ireland

Events from the year 1160 in Ireland.

## Incumbents

* High King: Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn

## Events

* Jerpoint Abbey is founded in County Kilkenny.
* Earliest recorded reference to Dromcollogher - in the Book of Leinster.

## Deaths

* 17 December – Gilla na Naemh Ua Duinn, poet, historian and cleric (born 1102).
# Nao Shikata

Nao Shikata (四方 菜穂, Shikata Nao, born November 5, 1979) is a former Japanese football player. She played for Japan national team.

## Club career

Shikata was born in Kamakura on November 5, 1979. When she was a high school student, she joined Yomiuri-Seiyu Beleza (later Nippon TV Beleza) in 1995. She was selected Best Eleven in 2005. She retired in 2008.

## National team career

In December 2001, Shikata was selected Japan national team for 2001 AFC Championship. At this competition, on December 4, she debuted against Singapore. She also played at 2006 Asian Cup. This competition was her last game for Japan. She played 8 games for Japan until 2006.

## National team statistics

Japan national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2001 | 3 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 1 | 0 |
| 2005 | 2 | 0 |
| 2006 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 8 | 0 |
# East–West Economic Corridor

The East–West Economic corridor is an economic development program initiated in order to promote development and integration of 5 Southeast Asian countries, namely: Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. The concept was agreed upon in 1998 at the Ministerial Conference of the Greater Mekong Subregion, organized in Manila, the Philippines. This corridor became operational on December 12, 2006.
The economic corridor is created based on a road of 1,450 km with the west end at port city of Mawlamyine (Myanmar), crossing Kayin Division, Thai provinces of Tak, Sukhothai, Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, Khon Kaen, Kalasin and Mukdahan, the Laotian province of Savannakhet, and the Vietnamese provinces of Quảng Trị, and city of Huế and Đà Nẵng as the east end. From Myanmar it is further connected to India via India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway which is being upgraded, with most part already completed and remaining upgrade will be completed by 2020.
By using the East–West Economic Corridor, the travel time between Bangkok and Yangon is three days, compared with the two to three weeks needed for conventional marine transportation via the Straits of Malacca.

## Corridor development
### Economic impact

Tariffs for Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam will be abolished by 2018, all of have the cross-border transport agreement to simplify logistics and customs procedures. These 5 nations with combined population of 250 million, have US$32 billion trade with each other (2016). India is individually negotiating a road vehicle agreement with these nations. Asian Development Bank study shows that the improved road and rail links, elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers, will result in a benefit of at least $568 billion to South Asian and South East Asian nations.

### Immigration and customs

All the border crossings from India, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia to Vietnam already have the integrated immigration and customs checkpost that also allow foreign tourists with evisas.

### Road highway upgrade

Road network from India to Vietnam exists, which is being upgraded. Bangkok to Cambodian Capital city of Phenom Phen road upgrade was already complete. Vietnam and Cambodia signed a MoU to upgrade the 195 km long Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh highway. Second bridge to Mae Sot will open in 2018.

### Rail connectivity development

Rail network from India to Vietnam has several missing links, which are in the various stages of being planned or constructed.

## Gallery

* A gate on the Thai side of the Thai-Myanmar Friendship Bridge, linking Myanmar's Kayin State with Thailand's Tak Province.
* This bridge over the Mekong River connects Northeast Thailand and Southern Laos, an important transport project of the Corridor.
* The Lao Bảo border gate (to Lao P.D.R) in Quảng Trị Province, Việt Nam.
* A tunnel through the Hai Van mountain range in Vietnam opens the way to sea ports in the South China Sea.
# 1987 Chiba earthquake

The 1987 Chiba Prefecture offshore earthquake (Japanese: 千葉県東方沖地震) occurred off the east coast of the Boso Peninsula in Chiba Prefecture at 11:08:01 JST on December 17, 1987.

## Tectonic setting

The crustal structure in the southern Kanto region is complex, involving boundaries between three tectonic plates. The Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the Okhotsk Plate along the line of the Sagami Trough and beneath the Eurasian Plate along the line of the Nankai Trough. Further to the east, the Pacific Plate is subducting beneath the Okhotsk and Philippine Sea plates along the line of the Japan Trench. A velocity analysis of the region beneath Kanto suggests that the wedge of oceanic mantle lithosphere of the Philippine Sea Plate in contact with the Pacific Plate is affected by serpentinization as shown by the anomalously low seismic velocity. The boundary between the serpentinized and unmetamorphosed parts of the mantle wedge is interpreted to be vertical and NNW–SSE trending.

## Earthquake

The earthquake had a strike-slip focal mechanism, which with its depth, indicates that it was a result of faulting within the Philippine Sea Plate. The focal mechanism gives two possible fault planes, one west–east trending, dipping steeply to the south, and the other north–south trending, dipping steeply to the east. The distribution of aftershocks suggests a NNW–SSE trending rupture, consistent with the nearly north–south fault plane, indicating dextral (right-lateral) strike-slip faulting with a small component of reverse faulting. The earthquake is interpreted to have ruptured part of the boundary between the two parts of the Philippine Sea Plate mantle wedge.

## Damage

According to the materials of the Fire and Disaster Prevention Division of the Chiba Prefecture General Affairs Department, two deaths (one in Mobara and another in Ichihara), 26 serious injuries and 118 minor injuries were reported. 16 buildings collapsed, 102 were severely damaged, and 63,692 suffered minor damage. Three fires, power outages, and train service disruptions were also reported. Liquefaction was observed on landfills and riverbanks. Even though most of the damage occurred in Chiba Prefecture, damage and landslides were also reported in Kanagawa Prefecture.