OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ganda Singh Datt

Sardar Bahadur Risaldar Major Ganda Singh Datt, IOM (1830 – July 1903) was a decorated soldier in the British Indian Army, who served in the 19th Regiment of Bengal Lancers (also known as Fane's Horse).
Ganda Singh was a Mohyal Brahmin of the Datt clan. He belonged to the village of Zaffarwal Dattan in Tehsil Rayya of District Sialkot. The Pakistani town of Ganda Singh Wala is named in his honour.

## Family

Ganda Singh did not have a son, but he passed on the heritage to his daughter Bhagan Devi. Her sons, Sardar Amar Singh and Sardar Shamsher Singh, rose to make an empire with Amritsar Sugar Mills, Amritsar. Amritsar Sugar mills, Rohana (UP), a very reputed Amrit Bank and the large tract of land in Amritsar. Sardar Amar Singh's sons, icons in their own right, Shyam Singh, Bakshi Hardev Singh, Narinder Singh Bakshi and Beant Singh Vaid looked after the immense business empire. Sardar Shamsher Singh's son, Sampuran Singh Vaid was also actively involved in it. There were two daughters, Bimla Rani, married to DSP Bakshi Rajpal Chibber and Urvashi married to Jagjit Singh Bali. Bakshi Hardev Singh, architect, philosopher and an artist, also took charge of the Amrit Bank. Till they were all nationalized. His son, Atul Bakshi, is a reputed Indian Glass artist.
Ganda Singh's extended family featured many other eminent persons as well. His cousin, Bakshi Prem Singh Vaid, was a decorated soldier in the British Indian Army as well, and so was his son Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid. His maternal grandson, Dr. Baldev Singh Vaid, was a famous neurologist who was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Indian government, and whose son-in-law, K. K. Bakshi, was a decorated air vice marshal of the Indian Air Force.
Ganda Singh's grand-nephew, Sardar Sant Singh Datt, who was Chief Resident of Kalsia State. Sardar Sant Singh Datt's son, Major General Kalwant Singh, was a senior commander in the Indian Army.

## Military career

Singh enlisted as a dafadar in 1852 and served as a soldier over 50 years. He received the Indian Order of Merit for having saved the life of Sir Robert Sandeman at Lucknow at the time of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. Subsequently, in the Second Anglo-China War, he saved the life of Sir Charles MacGregor as well.
Later in the Afghan Campaign of the British Indian Army, Singh participated in the famous march to Kandahar and distinguished himself in the Battle of Kandahar, becoming an Honorary Captain. He was eventually appointed aide-de-camp to Lord Roberts of Kabul and Kandahar, the then Commander-in-Chief of the British Indian Army.
Singh was rewarded with large tracts of agricultural land, and the village Ganda Singh Wala on the periphery of Amritsar is named after him. He was president of the first All India Mohyal Conference held in 1902 at Lahore, and was among the select veteran Indian soldiers presented to the British Royals in the Coronation Durbar held in Delhi in January 1903.
# V. M. Obaidullah

V. M. Obaidullah Sahib (2 May 1905 – 21 February 1958) was an Indian political leader from Tamil Nadu known for his active participation in the Indian independence movement.
Born on 2 May 1905, in Vellore to Madhar Batcha Sahib and Rabiya Basri, he came from a middle-class merchant family involved in the betel-nut trade.

## Involvement in the Indian independence movement

Obaidullah was an early supporter of the Swadeshi Movement, organizing protests and encouraging economic self-reliance. He later joined the Khilafat Movement in 1920, where he worked to foster Hindu-Muslim unity and participated in significant public gatherings advocating for the cause like Nagpur Flag Agitation (1923): Obaidullah was actively involved in the agitation and was sentenced to one year of rigorous imprisonment for his participation
Anti-Simon Commission Protests (1928): As part of the opposition to the Simon Commission, he led demonstrations in North Arcot, famously challenging the police to shoot him during one of the rallies.
Civil Disobedience Movement (1930): He traveled across Tamil Nadu to mobilize public support and was imprisoned for 18 months for his involvement.
Salt Satyagraha: Obaidullah participated in the Chennai chapter of the Salt Satyagraha alongside leaders such as Kodai Idi Kuppusamy Mudaliar, receiving widespread support from local communities during the march.
Quit India Movement (1942): As Vice President of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee, Obaidullah played a pivotal role in mobilizing rural participation in the Quit India Movement. He was subsequently arrested and imprisoned for 26 months under the Defence of India Act.
Obaidullah served as a member of the Rajya Sabha from 1952 until his death in 1958. He addressed critical issues during his tenure, including: Advocating for the reopening of the Jalakandeeswarar Temple in Vellore Fort for public worship. Proposing irrigation initiatives to ensure water supply from the Palar River. Promoting the use of the Gandhi Maidan near the Vellore Fort for public gatherings.

## Positions held

* Councillor, Vellore Municipal Council
* Vice-president and member, North Arcot District Board (1938-44)
* President, Tamil Nadu Congress Committee (1940–41)
* Member, Provisional Parliament (1951-52)
* Rajya Sabha Member (1952–1958)

## Legacy

Obaidullah died on 21 February 1958, while serving as a Rajya Sabha member. In recognition of his contributions, the V.M. Obaidullah Bus Stand in Vellore was named in his honour. An obituary in the Lok Sabha acknowledged him as a distinguished Tamil orator and a dedicated nationalist who endured significant hardships in the pursuit of India's freedom.
# Leueen Willoughby

Anne Leueen Willoughby (born 9 June 1949) is a Canadian former actress. Her father was a representative of the Guinness family who helped supervise the construction of the Lions Gate Bridge and extensive housing developments on Vancouver's North Shore. She attended the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, and later graduated from the Bristol Old Vic's theater school.

## Background

In 1975, she played Magenta in The Rocky Horror Show at the Kings Road Theatre in London. Two of her most notable roles are Barbara in Omen III: The Final Conflict (1981), and Leueen (a character who took on the actress' name during production), Lois Lane's fellow Daily Planet reporter in Superman II (1980). Her character, incidentally, is not present in Richard Donner's version of the Superman movie. Willoughby also appeared in a small role in the first Superman movie, playing an unnamed secretary, and was one of the voice actors who worked on the original BBC radio production of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, amongst other roles in British and Canadian theater, film and television. In 1986, she won the ACTRA Award as Best Television Actress for her performance as a young woman battling cancer in the CBC miniseries The Other Kingdom.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1978 | Superman | 2nd Secretary (Daily Planet) |
| 1980 | Superman II | Leueen |
| 1981 | Omen III: The Final Conflict | Barbara Dean |
# Summer Camp (1979 film)

Summer Camp is a 1979 American sex comedy film directed by Chuck Vincent. It was called a cheap imitation of Animal House.

## Premise

The director of a rundown summer camp invite people to help fix it up.

## Cast

* Linnea Quigley
* Ray Holland

## Release

The film had a wide release in cinemas and made $1,465,000.
# Kubaro Khakimova

Kubaro Khakimova (born 31 January 2002) is an Uzbekistani para-athlete, competing in throwing events: shot put and discus throw. She represented Uzbekistan at the 2024 Summer Paralympics.

## Career

Khakimova represented Uzbekistan at the 2023 World Para Athletics Championships and won a silver medal in the shot put F41 event. She again represented Uzbekistan at the 2024 World Para Athletics Championships and won a silver medal in the shot put F41 event.
She represented Uzbekistan at the 2024 Summer Paralympics and won a silver medal in the shot put F41 event.
# 2012 California Proposition 31

The 2012 California Proposition 31 was officially titled "State Budget. State and Local Government. Initiative Constitutional Amendment and Statute." and was a California ballot measure that appeared on the ballot in the November 2012 California elections. The initiative would have established a two-year state budget, allowed the Governor to make budget cuts in fiscal emergencies, would have prevented the state Legislature from spending more than $25 million without creating spending cuts or other budget offsets, and would have allowed local governments the ability to transfer certain amounts of property taxes among themselves instead of the state. Although the law was supported by the California Republican Party multiple conservative groups came out against proposition 31 including members of the tea party movement who viewed the law as a way to undermine property rights.

## Analysis

If Proposition 31 had passed it was estimated that the state government would have suffered a loss of $200 million as these funds would have been transferred to local governments.

## Editorial endorsements

| Newspaper | Position |
| Bay Area Reporter | Oppose |
| Fresno Bee | Support |
| Los Angeles Daily News | Support |
| Los Angeles Times | Oppose |
| Modesto Bee | Support |
| Orange County Register | Oppose |
| Sacramento Bee | Oppose |
| San Diego Union-Tribune | Support |
| San Francisco Bay Guardian | Oppose |
| San Francisco Chronicle | Support |
| San Jose Mercury News | Support |
| Ventura County Star | Oppose |
# Zully Barrantes

Zully Barrantes is a Peruvian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned as Miss Earth Peru 2015 and Peru's representative in Miss Earth 2015.

## Pageantry
### Miss Universe Peru 2014

Zully first tried to join pageantry through Miss Universe Peru 2014 where the winner would compete at Miss Universe 2014 pageant. When the pageant had concluded, Jimena Espinoza was hailed as the winner.

### Miss Earth Peru 2015

Zully once again joined but this time, under Miss Earth Peru. She competed along with thirteen other contestants. At the end of event, she was proclaimed as Miss Earth Peru 2015. Her elemental court is composed of Janis Baluarte of Lima (Miss Earth air Peru), Sidney Estrada from Arequipa (Miss Earth Water Peru) and Maria Carolina Salas from Cuzco (Miss Earth Fire Peru). She was crowned by her successor, Elba Fahsbender. The event was held at the Convention Center Costa Verde de Magdalena.

### Miss Earth 2015

Winning the Miss Earth Peru 2015 title, Zully is Peru's representative to be Miss Earth 2015 and would try to succeed Jamie Herrell as the next Miss Earth.
# NRS

NRS may refer to:
* Name Registration Scheme, naming scheme by JANET used on British academic and research networks in the 1980
* National Readership Survey, a joint venture company in the UK providing audience research for print advertising
** NRS social grade, a system of demographic classification and a standard for market research
* National Records of Scotland, the Scottish government department responsible for civil registration, the census in Scotland, demography and statistics, family history and the national archives and historical records.
* National Relay Service, an Australian government initiative for deaf or hard of hearing people, or people with a speech impairment
* National Reporter System, a set of case law reporters in the United States
* National Retail Systems Inc., a global logistics and trucking company
* National Runaway Switchboard, a national US hotline for youth in crisis
* Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij, a former Dutch railway company (1845-1890)
* NetherRealm Studios, an American video game developer known for the Mortal Kombat series
* Nevada Revised Statutes, Nevada laws
* New Regeneration System, a process used for sugar thin-juice decalcification in beet sugar factories
* Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, a renowned public medical school and hospital in Kolkata, India
* Non-rocket spacelaunch, concepts for spacelaunch speed and altitude are provided by something other than rockets
* Norman-Roberts syndrome, a brain disorder
* Norwegian Air UK, airline with ICAO designator NRS
* Nuclear Restoration Services, a trading name of Magnox Ltd
* Numerical Rating Scale, a scale for pain
# 1973 Peachtree Corners Classic

The 1973 Peachtree Corners Classic, also known as the Atlanta WCT, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Alexander Memorial Coliseum in Atlanta, Georgia in the United States that was part of Group A of the 1973 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from March 19 through March 25, 1973. Second-seeded Stan Smith won the singles title and the accompanying $10,000 first-prize money.

## Finals
### Singles

Stan Smith defeated Rod Laver 6–3, 6–4
* It was Smith' 2nd singles title of the year and the 37th of his career in the Open Era.

### Doubles

Roy Emerson / Rod Laver defeated Robert Maud / Andrew Pattison 7–6, 6–3
# Guéhébert

Guéhébert (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Quettreville-sur-Sienne.
# Algeria–Serbia relations

Algeria and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between Algeria and SFR Yugoslavia in 1962, following Algeria's independence. Algeria has an embassy in Belgrade while Serbia has an embassy in Algiers.

## History

Between 1916 and 1919, a military cemetery containing the bodies of 324 Serbs was established in Dély Ibrahim. At the time in several coastal towns and villages in Algeria were several French military hospitals where the wounded and exhausted Serbian soldiers were being treated.
Algeria does not recognize Kosovo, further improving Algeria-Serbia relations.
# Vernon massacre

The Vernon massacre was a mass shooting that occurred in Vernon, British Columbia on April 5, 1996. At the time, it was the deadliest mass shooting in Canada since the École Polytechnique massacre in 1989.

## Shooting

At about 10:30 a.m. on April 5, 1996, 30-year-old Mark Vijay Chahal drove to his ex-wife's home, where one of her sisters was preparing for a wedding. Armed with a .40 calibre S&W semi-automatic pistol and a .38 calibre revolver in either hand, he shot his ex-wife's father in front of the house as he washed his car. He then fired at the windows of the house. After walking into the house, he went from room to room, fatally shooting his ex-wife Rajwar Gakhal, her mother, her four sisters, her brother, and the husband of one of the sisters. The eldest sister's mother-in-law and daughter were injured, and two granddaughters were left unharmed. Six of the victims died immediately, and three more died in the hospital. The shooting lasted 3-4 minutes. Two empty 10 round magazines and 28 revolver shell casings were found at the scene. After the shooting, Chahal drove to a motel 3 km (1.9 mi) away. At the motel, he wrote a note apologizing to his family for the shooting and writing several numbers of his relatives. At about 11 a.m., he shot himself in a motel. A 12-gauge pump-action shotgun was found in his car.

## Perpetrator

Mark Vijay Chahal, 30, was divorced by his wife in January 1995. His wife had repeatedly complained to the police about domestic violence. He also threatened her family that none of the daughters would marry. Chahal had no criminal record and all weapons were registered to him. Before the shooting, he exchanged his car for a rented van. Because of this, police speculated that he was planning to flee after the shooting.
# Wanchai Chaiwut

Wanchai Chaiwut (born 6 March 1989) is a Thai para table tennis player.

## Career

Chaiwut represented Thailand at the 2022 Asian Para Games and won gold medals in the men's singles and doubles, and a silver medal in the mixed doubles event.
Chaiwut represented Thailand at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in the men's doubles MD8 event, along with Yuttajak Glinbancheun, and won a bronze medal.
# Nyctaginia

Nyctaginia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae. The only species is Nyctaginia capitata (devil's bouquet).
Its native range is Southern Central USA to Northeastern Mexico .
# Bělá (Havlíčkův Brod District)

Bělá (Czech pronunciation:) is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Bělá lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) north-west of Havlíčkův Brod, 47 km (29 mi) north-west of Jihlava, and 70 km (43 mi) south-east of Prague.

## Administrative division

Bělá consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Bělá (162)
* Tasice (52)
# B. D. Inamdar

Danappagouda Basanagouda Inamdar was an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress who served as the Minister of Information Technology for the state of Karnataka. Inamdar was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly five times, representing the Kittur constituency in the elections of 1983, 1985, 1994, 1999, and 2013.

## Early life

Inamdar was from Neginhal village in Kittur taluk and was popularly known across the state as Kittur Dhani.

## Career

Inamdar contested the Karnataka Assembly elections from the Kittur constituency nine times, winning five of those contests. He was elected as a Janata Party candidate in 1983 and 1985 and as a Congress candidate in 1994, 1999, and 2013. He was defeated in 1989, 2004 (twice), and 2018 by Suresh Marihal and Mahantesh Doddagoudar, both of whom were considered his protégés.

## Death

Inamdar had expressed his intention to contest the assembly elections for another term and was preparing for it in the Kittur constituency. He participated in the Congress Praja Dhwani program held in Kittur on 3 March. However, his health deteriorated shortly afterward, and he was admitted to Manipal Hospital in Bengaluru on 8 March after he complained of uneasiness and difficulty in breathing.
His followers protested and urged the Congress leadership to award the ticket to his daughter-in-law, Laxmi Inamdar. However, the party chose Babasaheb Patil as its candidate, which upset the Inamdar family and their supporters, but they chose to remain silent as Inamdar's condition worsened. Inamdar had been receiving treatment for one month and died on a Tuesday morning in 2023. He is survived by two sons and a daughter.
# Maria V. Snyder

Maria V. Snyder (born April 15, 1973) is an American fantasy and science fiction author best known for her Study Series.

## Career

Her first novel, Poison Study, was published in October 2005, won the 2006 Compton Crook Award, and earned a starred review from Publishers Weekly. The next two books in the series are Magic Study and Fire Study, which continued to follow the adventures of Yelena and Valek. Snyder then released another trilogy of books, the Glass Series. following the character Opal Cowan from the Study Series. The books in the series are Storm Glass, Sea Glass and Spy Glass respectively. Many of the characters from Study are also involved in the Glass books. For this series, Snyder enjoyed using her Meteorology degree to create magicians called Stormdancers who can harvest energy from storms.
Her environmental meteorology experience is most evident in her Insider Duology: Inside Out and Outside In. In this science fiction series, the people are living inside a giant metal cube and have lost track of what's outside their world. In order for the people to survive living inside a closed environment, Snyder used her knowledge of air scrubbers and waste-water treatment plants to create a world that is scientifically accurate.
As a mother of two children, Snyder hates when her kids are sick and wishes she could heal them with a touch. This desire led to her Healer Series, where Avry of Kazan can heal people by touching them, however the injury or sickness transfers to Avry, who heals at an accelerated rate. The Healer Series has three books, Touch of Power, Scent of Magic and Taste of Darkness.
In February 2015, Snyder returned to the main characters of the Study Series and released the first book of her next trilogy, the Soulfinder Series. The books in the series are Shadow Study, Night Study and Dawn Study. Her newest series is the Sentinels of the Galaxy Series. The first book, Navigating the Stars was published in December 2018. The second book, Chasing the Shadows was published in December 2019, and the third, Defending the Galaxy was released in December 2020.
Aside from writing, her interests include "traveling, photography, making jewelry, playing the cello, and volleyball."
# Pedro Bicalho

Pedro Henrique Rodrigues Bicalho (born 23 April 2001), known as Pedro Bicalho, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Portuguese Liga 3 club Alverca, on loan from Palmeiras.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 9 March 2023
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Cruzeiro | 2020 | Série B | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 |
| Palmeiras | 2021 | Série A | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Palmeiras | 2022 | Série A | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Palmeiras | Total | Total | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Santa Clara (loan) | 2022–23 | Primeira Liga | 5 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Vitória (loan) | 2023 | Série B | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Alverca (loan) | 2023–24 | Liga 3 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 9 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 29 | 1 |
* ↑ Appearances in Campeonato Mineiro
* 1 2 Appearance(s) in Campeonato Paulista
* ↑ Appearances in Campeonato Baiano
* ↑ Appearances in Copa do Nordeste

## Honours

Palmeiras
* Copa Libertadores: 2021