OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Melentyev

Alexander Remmovich Melentyev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ре́ммович Меле́нтьев; 27 June 1954 – 16 February 2015) was a Soviet competitive sport shooter who won a gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics. The world record he set in 1980 remained unbeaten for 34 years. He was the first Olympic gold medalist from Kyrgyzstan.

## Bio

Melentyev was born in the Russian city of Penza but grew up in the Kyrgyz SSR.
At the 1980 Olympics in Moscow, Melentyev achieved a world record result of 581 (from 600, without final) in the 50 m pistol event in setting a new world and a new Olympic record. The world record was surpassed by Jin Jong-oh at the 2014 World Championships; with his score of 581 Melentyev remains the current Olympic record holder.
Current Olympic record held in 50 m Pistol :
| Men | Qualification | 581 | Alexander Melentyev (Soviet Union) | July 20, 1980 | Moscow (USSR) |
| Current world record held in 25 m Standard Pistol |||||||||
| Men | Teams | 1725 | Soviet Union (Kuzmins, Melentyev, Turla) Soviet Union (Kuzmins, Basinski, Pyzhianov) | September 10, 1985 September 8, 1986 | Osijek (YUG) Suhl (GDR) |
# Van Alderwerelt

Van Alderwerelt (also: Van Alderwerelt van Rosenburgh, Van Alderwerelt Houttuijn en: De Roo van Alderwerelt) is the name of a Dutch patrician family.
The oldest known ancestor Cornelis van Alderwerelt lived in Menen (Belgium) in the 16th century. The name is the result of the wedding in 1751 of Joan Carel van Alderwerelt and Alida Anna de Roo. Their second son Willem Pieter van Alderwerelt, added his mother's name to that of his father.
# Sing the Night Away

Sing the Night Away is a five track EP (plus the bonus track) by New Zealand punk band Steriogram. It was released at concerts during the 2002 NZ Schools Tour. A music video was made for the song "Sing The Night Away" although none of these tracks made their debut album Schmack!. "Sing the Night Away", "Free", and "Big Lady Loving" featured on singles from the album Schmack!, and "White Trash (DLT remix)" features on the Schmack! 2005 Special Tour Edition. West Side! is the only song not to feature on another album or single.

## Track listing

* "Sing the Night Away"
* "Free"
* "Big Lady Loving"
* "White Trash (DLT remix)"
* "West Side!"

## Personnel

* Tyson Kennedy – lead vocals
* Brad Carter – co-lead vocals and lead guitar
* Tim Youngson – rhythm guitar and backing vocals
* Jake Adams – bass guitar and backing vocals
* Jared Wrennall – drum kit and backing vocals
# Elizabeth Nickson

Elizabeth Nickson is a Canadian writer and journalist. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, she was European bureau chief of Life magazine.
In 1994, Bloomsbury UK, Knopf Canada and Steidl published her novel The Monkey Puzzle Tree, an account of the CIA brainwashing trials in Montreal in the 1950s and 1960s.
In 2012, HarperCollins US published Nickson's Eco-fascists, How Radical Conservationists Are Destroying Our Natural Heritage, under editor Adam Bellow's imprint Broadside Books.
In 2016, Nickson wrote a series of papers for a Canadian think tank, the Frontier Centre for Public Policy, detailing the policy implication of environmental land use in Canada.
Nickson has also written for Harpers Magazine, The Sunday Times Magazine, and The Guardian, and was a weekly columnist for the Globe and Mail and the National Post from 1999 to 2004.

## Works

* The Monkey Puzzle Tree, Bloomsbury UK, Knopf Canada (1994) ISBN 0-7475-2038-0
* Eco-Fascists: How Radical Conservationists Are Destroying Our Natural Heritage, Broadside (2012) ISBN 0-06-208003-2
# Merrill E. Noble

Merrill Emmett Noble (December 5, 1896 – November 13, 1969) was a justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court from August 1, 1960 until his death on November 13, 1969.
Born in Savoy, Illinois to James Houston and Harriett (Baird) Noble, Noble received an LL.B. from the University of Illinois in 1920. In 1963 he was awarded a Doctor of Laws degree from Highlands University. He married Martha Van Petten in 1920, and their children were James V. Noble, Dr. Merrill E. Noble, and Margaret Noble Bentley.
Noble was admitted to the New Mexico Bar in 1920. He had a private law firm in Las Vegas, New Mexico from 1920 until 1960. He served as the Las Vegas City Attorney from 1924-1925 and again from 1949-1953. He also served as Assistant District Attorney for the Fourth Judicial District of New Mexico from 1937-1945. He was President of the Board of Regents of Highlands University from 1937-1943. From 1955-1956 he served as President of the New Mexico Bar Association.
In 1960, Governor John Burroughs appointed Noble to the New Mexico Supreme Court to succeed the retiring James B. McGhee. Noble "received the support of the legal community in Santa Fe and the north", and was confirmed without controversy.
Noble immediately had to run for reelection to the seat, despite an initial determination by the Attorney General that he would not have to run until 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that Noble's name should appear on the ballot for the election in that year. Noble won the election as the Democratic candidate. He served the remaining two years of the previous term, and was subsequently re-elected in 1962, where he "proved to be an active campaigner", visiting by his own assessment "every town in the state". Noble served as Chief Justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court from January 1, 1969 until his death that year.
# Ahmede Hussain

Ahmede Hussain (born 16 July 1978) is a Bangladeshi writer.
His ancestors hail from the former Portuguese enclave of Patherghata, Chittagong in Bangladesh. He was the Literary Editor of The Daily Star (Bangladesh). He edited The New Anthem: The Subcontinent in its Own Words, an anthology of fiction from the Indian subcontinent. The book has been greeted with acclaim: "The richness is all, both in terms of the writers brought together and in the quality of the tales that come to you one after the other."
He has finished writing his first novel. He is also a senior journalist with an interest in South Asian politics and strategic affairs.

## Works

* Hussain, Ahmede, ed. (2009). The New Anthem: The Subcontinent in its Own Words. Chennai, India: Tranquebar Press. ISBN 978-9380032450.
* Blues for Allah, Published from Monash University
* The Journal of Contemporary Literature, an Indian journal, has published Ahmede Hussain and Tabish Khair's conversations on literature, politics and the world today in its Volume 1, No 1 issue.
# Světlá pod Ještědem

Světlá pod Ještědem is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Světlá pod Ještědem consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Světlá pod Ještědem (82)
* Dolení Paseky (150)
* Hodky (148)
* Hoření Paseky (77)
* Jiříčkov (101)
* Křižany (3)
* Rozstání (371)
* Vesec (19)

## Geography

Světlá pod Ještědem is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Liberec. In lies on the border between the Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge and Ralsko Uplands. The highest point is near the top of the Ještěd mountain at 1,008 m (3,307 ft) above sea level. There are springs of several streams on the slopes of the Ještěd within the municipality, including the secondary spring of the Ploučnice River.

## History

The first written mention of Světlá pod Ještědem is from 1291.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,760 | — |
| 1880 | 1,810 | +2.8% |
| 1890 | 1,828 | +1.0% |
| 1900 | 1,931 | +5.6% |
| 1910 | 1,867 | −3.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,707 | −8.6% |
| 1930 | 1,791 | +4.9% |
| 1950 | 1,094 | −38.9% |
| 1961 | 1,064 | −2.7% |
| 1970 | 948 | −10.9% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 778 | −17.9% |
| 1991 | 724 | −6.9% |
| 2001 | 790 | +9.1% |
| 2011 | 901 | +14.1% |
| 2021 | 951 | +5.5% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

The main landmark of Světlá pod Ještědem is the Church of Saint Nicholas. The Baroque church was built in 1643 and reconstructed in 1678 and 1717. In 1725–1730, the church was partly rebuilt and extended, and the tower was raised.
A notable sculptural work is the monument of the writer Karolina Světlá, raised in 1931. She lived here from 1853 to 1865 and chose her pseudonym according to the name of the village.

## Notable people

* Karolina Světlá (1830–1899), writer; lived here in 1853–1865
# Heussé

Heussé (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Manche department in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the commune of Le Teilleul.
# Daryll Matthew

Daryll Sylvester Matthew is an Antiguan and Barbudan politician, representing St. John's Rural South in the Antigua and Barbuda House of Representatives.

## Early life and education

Matthew has an MBA from Aston University in the UK with a focus on international business and a thesis on foreign direct investment, as well as a master's degree in geo-information management from Twente University in Enschede, the Netherlands.

## Political career

On January 9, 2018, Matthew was appointed to the Antigua and Barbuda Senate. In March 2018, he was elected as the Legislative Representative of the St. John's Rural South on the platform of the ABLP. On March 22, 2018, he was appointed Minister of Sports, Culture, National Festivals, and the Arts.
Administration, Project Management, Business Development, and Community Service were important aspects of Daryll Matthew's life both personally and professionally before he entered national politics in Antigua and Barbuda.
His areas of study match his profession as a person who is highly technical oriented but has a passion for business (Land Surveying at the University of Technology, Jamaica; Geographic Information Management, and Business Administration, specializing in International Business and Foreign Direct Investment).
Matthew has quickly advanced his career within Antigua and Barbuda's public service. He started working for the Antigua and Barbuda Surveys Division in 1998. By 2002, he had advanced to the position of Senior Environment Officer, and in 2004 he was named Chief Lands Officer. His native Antigua and Barbuda has been represented by him in numerous international platforms throughout his time in the public service. They include: Hong Kong, China, India, The People's Republic of China, The Philippines, Colombia, Mexico, Australia, Kenya, The United States, and Hong Kong.
He was elected again to the House of Representatives in the 2023 general elections for the St. John's Rural South Constituency and confirmed as Minister of Education, Sports, & Creative Industries in the Government of the Prime Minister Gaston Browne.

## Honours and awards

In 2012, Matthew was awarded the National Youth Award for Entrepreneurship, from the Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

## Personal life

Over the years, Minister Matthew has been involved in his nation and neighborhood in a number of capacities, including volunteer work and sports development.
Matthew has held roles in:
* Chief Executive Officer of the Golden Eagles Sports Club
* Jamaica's Antigua and Barbuda Students Association president
* Member of the Kingston, Jamaica, Rotaract Club
* member of the Antigua Rotaract Club
* President of the Antigua Rotaract Club
* a member of the Antigua Rotary Club
* Member of the Rotary Club of Antigua's Board of Directors
* member of the Antigua Commercial Bank's board of directors
* Executive Member of the National Olympic Committee and President of the Antigua and Barbuda Basketball Association
* Founder and former Director of Myst Carnival Treasurer of the Caribbean Basketball Confederation Vice President of Finance and Marketing of the CBC Member of the CBA Finance Committee
# Big Garlic River

The Big Garlic River is a 14.4-mile-long (23.2 km) river in Marquette County, Michigan. It empties into Lake Superior.
# Trachis

Trachis (Ancient Greek: Τραχίς, Trakhís) was a region in ancient Greece. Situated south of the river Spercheios, it was populated by the Malians. It was also a polis (city-state).
Its main town was also called Trachis until 426 BC, when it was refounded as a Spartan colony and became Heraclea Trachinia. It is located to the west of Thermopylae. Trachis is located just west of the westernmost tip of the island of Euboea, north of Delphi. Near this place archaeologists discovered tombs from the Mycenaean period.
According to Greek mythology Trachis was the home of Ceyx and Alcyone. Heracles lived in exile in Trachis after his slaying of Iphitus. The town is mentioned by Homer as one of the cities subject to Achilles. The last reference to Trachis in antiquity is a passing mention of its ruins in Pausanias's Description of Greece.

## Trachis/Heraclea in ancient and modern times

In antiquity the settlement was famous for being at the base of the mountain where Heracles is said to have died (Mount Oeta) as well as being the place where the descendants of Heracles settled. During the Greco-Persian wars, the fertile plains of Heraclea saw the landing and encampment of the Persian army as they marched to Thermopylae.
The settlement formerly known as "Trachis" was renamed "Heraclea in Trachis" (Heraclea Trachinia) by the Spartans, who sent a garrison in 427 BC to guard the Trachinian plain against the marauding highland tribes of Oeta, and built a citadel close by the Asopus gorge. But their attempted settlement during the Peloponnesian war failed, due to the hostility of the Thessalians. For a short time the Spartans were displaced by the Thebans. After a bloody defeat at the hands of the neighbouring mountaineers in 409, the Spartan governor quarrelled with the native settlers, whom he expelled in 399. Four years later Thebes used her new predominance in central Greece to restore the Trachinians, who retained Heraclea until 371, when the Thessalonian ruler Jason of Pherae seized and dismantled it. The fortress was rebuilt, and after 280 served the Aetolians as a bulwark against Celts and Macedonians. It was captured in 191 by the Romans, but restored to the Aetolian League until 146, after which it fell into obscurity, and Strabo described it as mostly deserted.
During the Greek War of Independence the area was famous for its resistance fighters or klephts, a term which means mountain fighters or bandits, and includes those who opposed the Turkish haraç poll tax upon agricultural commodities. In World War II, the area saw significant resistance to the Germans. A vital railroad bridge linking southern and northern Greece was destroyed here.
Today the village of Heraclea is a thriving agricultural community. Recent excavations have also revealed a series of small tombs at the foothills of Oeta near the banks of the Asopus river.
# Andy Finch

Andrew Joseph Finch (born March 20, 1981) is an American snowboarder. His accomplishments include winning the overall U.S. Grand Prix Halfpipe Title in 2003 and 2004, taking first place in the Arctic Challenge in Norway in April 2004, winning the Vans Triple Crown in February 2004, winning the O'Neill Snowboard Jam in January 2005, and finishing in second place in Northstar Resort's Vans Tahoe Cup. In addition, Finch competed in the 2006 Winter Olympics for the United States. He lives in Truckee, California and attended Bullard High School in Fresno, California.
Finch and his friend Tommy Czeschin participated on the 19th season of The Amazing Race. They ended up in 4th place out of 11 teams and were the eighth team eliminated in Casco Viejo, Panama. He and Tommy are one of the few teams who won 6 out of 12 legs on The Amazing Race 19.
# Carroll C. Boggs

Carroll Curtis Boggs (October 19, 1844 – December 16, 1923) was an American jurist.
Born in Fairfield, Illinois, Boggs received his bachelor's degree from McKendree University. Boggs served as state's attorney for Wayne County, Illinois and as county and circuit judge for Wayne County. Boggs then served on the Illinois Appellate Court from 1891 to 1897. From 1897 to 1906, Boggs served on the Illinois Supreme Court and served as chief justice of the court in 1900 and 1901. In 1906, Boggs was the Democratic nominee for United States Senate against incumbent Shelby Moore Cullom. Boggs died in Fairfield, Illinois.
# 2008 Alberta Liberal Party leadership election

The 2008 Alberta Liberal leadership election was held on December 12, 2008, to select a leader of the Alberta Liberal Party. Incumbent leader Kevin Taft announced his resignation June 2008, in the wake of the March provincial election in which the Liberals lost seven of their sixteen seats.

## Candidates

Candidates had until September 30 to file nomination papers. Three candidates announced their intentions to run:
* Mo Elsalhy was the MLA for Edmonton McClung from 2004 until 2008, when he was defeated in his re-election attempt by David Xiao.
* David Swann has been the MLA for Calgary Mountain View since 2004.
* Dave Taylor has been the MLA for Calgary Currie since 2004.
* Dr. David Swann
* Dave Taylor

### Declined

Hugh MacDonald, Edmonton-Gold Bar MLA since 1997, was at one time considering a candidacy. Laurie Blakeman, MLA for Edmonton Centre since 1997 and Liberal House Leader, had been widely expected to run but in August announced that she would not do so, citing the financial cost of a candidacy. She said that she would not be endorsing a candidate. Other Liberals to publicly decline to run included Calgary mayor Dave Bronconnier and former Deputy Prime Minister Anne McLellan, both of whom announced their intentions immediately following Taft's resignation, and former Edmonton-Rutherford MLA Rick Miller, who expressed concern that, with the next provincial election presumably so far off, he wouldn't have a seat in the legislature for three and a half years after being elected leader.

## Results

David Swann was elected leader of the Alberta Liberal Party on the first ballot, receiving more than half of the total votes cast.
| Candidate | Votes | Percentage |
| Swann | 2,468 | 54.0% |
| Taylor | 1,616 | 35.3% |
| Elsalhy | 491 | 10.7% |
| Total | 4,575 | 100.0% |
# Uriash Puqiqnak

Uriash Puqiqnak, CM (born April 15, 1946) is an experienced soapstone carver and former territorial and municipal level politician in Canada. He served as Mayor of Gjoa Haven, Nunavut and was a member of the Nunavut Legislature from 1999 until 2004. Uriash Puqiqnak briefly served as acting speaker in 2000 after Levi Barnabas' resignation.

## Carving

Puqiqnak is a famous soapstone carver, his works are on display all over Canada. He was appointed as a Member of the Order of Canada on July 29, 2005. His work is also featured in Keeping our Stories Alive: The Sculpture of Canada's Inuit along with the work of Ovilu Tunnillie and Lucy Meeko.

## Political career

Puqiqnak began his political career when he was elected mayor of Gjoa Haven, Nunavut.
Puqiqnak was elected to the Nunavut Legislature in the 1999 Nunavut general election. He won the Nattilik electoral district, defeating five other candidates in a hotly contested race with nearly 26% of the popular vote. During his time in office, he pushed the territorial government to develop better programs to promote home grown intuit art and discourage counterfeit carving from entering the marketplace.
He would only serve for one term as in the legislative assembly and chose not to run for re-election when it was dissolved in 2004. He left politics to spend more time with his family.
Despite leaving politics, Puqiqnak is still involved in community service. He currently serves as a member of the Nunavut Tourism Board and is chair of Parks Canada History steering committee.
# World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022

The Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) was a landmark event, marking the first Ministerial Conference held in nearly five years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It brought together trade ministers and senior officials from all 164 WTO member countries to discuss and negotiate critical global trade issues.

## Background

* Originally scheduled for June 2020 in Kazakhstan, MC12 was postponed due to the pandemic's travel restrictions and economic disruptions.
* In April 2021, a rescheduled conference in Geneva was again postponed due to a new COVID-19 variant.
* Finally, in April 2022, WTO members confirmed MC12 would take place in Geneva, marking a crucial step towards reviving international trade dialogue.

## Key Areas of Discussion

* WTO Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Members adopted a Ministerial Declaration on the WTO's response, including a temporary waiver of certain intellectual property rights for COVID-19 vaccine production. This aimed to accelerate vaccine production and access, particularly in developing countries.
* Fisheries Subsidies Negotiations: After years of negotiations, MC12 delivered a historic agreement to prohibit harmful fisheries subsidies that contribute to overfishing and illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This decision was seen as a significant step towards promoting sustainable fishing practices and protecting marine resources.
* Agriculture Issues: Discussions focused on public stockholding for food security, aiming to balance the needs of developing countries to maintain adequate food reserves with concerns about potential trade distortions.
* WTO Reform: Members engaged in discussions on how to improve the WTO's effectiveness and efficiency in addressing contemporary trade challenges. This included discussions on streamlining dispute settlement mechanisms and enhancing the organization's responsiveness to evolving needs.
* Moratorium on Customs Duties on Electronic Transmissions: Members reaffirmed their commitment to the existing moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions, promoting continued growth in the digital economy.

## Outcomes

* MC12 was widely considered a success for the WTO, demonstrating its ability to deliver concrete outcomes on critical issues despite challenging circumstances.
* The agreements on fisheries subsidies, the WTO's response to the pandemic, and food security were seen as particularly significant advancements in addressing global challenges.
* MC12 re-energized multilateral trade discussions and paved the way for further progress on various trade issues.

## Additional Information

* MC12 was co-hosted by Kazakhstan and chaired by Mr. Timur Suleimenov, Deputy Chief of Staff of Kazakhstan's president.
* The conference served as a crucial platform for fostering international cooperation and advancing the global trade agenda in a post-pandemic world.