OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hermanos de Pistoleros Latinos

Hermanos Pistoleros Latinos (HPL) is a Mexican American prison gang founded by Chino Avitia in Texas during the early 1980s. The English translation of the gang's name is "Brotherhood of Latin Gunmen". It operates in all Texas prisons and on the streets in many communities in Texas, particularly in Laredo. HPL is active throughout Mexico with its largest contingent in Nuevo Laredo. The gang is structured and is estimated to have 1,000 members. Members maintain close ties to several Mexican drug trafficking organizations and are involved in the trafficking of large quantities of cocaine and marijuana from Mexico into the United States for distribution.

## Criminal activities

The Pistoleros Latinos began to grow in the 1990s after the gang began recruiting members from cities outside of the Rio Grande Valley. The original HPL members from the valley resented the new members being recruited from San Antonio and Houston. A power struggle within the prison gang's ranks ensued causing the group to splinter into two separate chapters. The original HPL members decided to call themselves the HPL 45s, while the San Antonio and Houston members were known as the 16/12s. The two factions went to war and finally reunited under the name HPL in 1998.
# Capoeta angorae

Capoeta angorae is a species of freshwater cyprinid fish, which is known from a single specimen caught from Turkey. that was 42 cm (17 in) long. It is also known as the Ankara barb. Not much can be said about its biology, distribution and future therefore. As of 2025 this species has been synonymised with Capoeta damascina.
# Layton Freborg

Layton W. Freborg (born May 13, 1933) is an American politician in the state of North Dakota. He represented the 8th district in the North Dakota House of Representatives from 1973 to 1976 and 1979 to 1982, and the 8th district in the North Dakota State Senate from 1985 to 2012. He was the Chairman of the State Senate Education Committee from 1995 to 2012. He also was Chairman of the North Dakota Republican Party from 1985 to 1991.
# 2022 Nicaraguan local elections

Local elections in Nicaragua were held on 6 November 2022. 153 mayors, vice mayors and municipal council members were elected. The Sandinista National Liberation Front won control of all municipalities.
# Aung Zan Wai

Aung Zan Wai (Burmese: အောင်ဇံဝေ; 19 November 1893 – 29 December 1984) was an Arakanese politician and one of the most important negotiators and leaders of the historical Panglong Conference in 1947. The signing of Panglong Agreement is now celebrated as a national holiday, Union Day, in Myanmar.

## Early life

He was born in Kyauktaw, Mrauk-U District, British Burma in 19 November 1893. He was an ethnic Rakhine.

## Politics

He joined an Arakanese Team called Rakhapura in 1918 as he started getting involved in politics, and worked as a Team Secretary. He used to be the member of General Council of Burmese Associations (GCBA) as well. Later he founded the English-Burmese middle school in Kyauktaw and worked as a Headmaster.
In 1936, he was chosen as a Lower House Senator from Sittwe. Also he worked as a secretary at the Ministry of Law and Justice. In 1945, he joined Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League. He also worked as an adviser for the establishment of Panglong Conference in 1947. Then he participated as a minister in the Ministry of Health and Social Service which was part of the Council of Governor Sir Hubert Rance where General Aung San was the Chairman.
He participated in Panglong Conference together with other leaders and Myanmar Representatives who were the leader, General Aung San, Sir Maung Kyi, Dr. Sein Mya Maung, Myoma U Than Kywe, Tin Tut, Bo Khin Maung Kalay, Thakin Watin, Bo Aung, Bo Min Lwin, Ko Ko Lay, Bo Thein Swe, Tin Nyunt and Maung Maung.

## After the war

After Myanmar was independent, he was assigned as a minister of the Ministry of Social Work and Health when he was chosen as a member of Chamber of Deputies represented for Sittwe. Then he performed as a minister of Ethnic Affairs in 1949. In 1970, he was a member in a committee formed to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of National Day of Myanmar.

## Assassination

He survived from the attack when General Aung San and other ministers were assassinated on 19 July 1947.

## Death

He died on 29 December 1984 in Rangoon and left his second wife, San Thar Nu, three daughters and a son.
# Nicolaus Hermann

Nicolaus Hermann (21 October 1818 – 4 August 1888) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss Council of States (1861/1862).
# Robert Cruickshank (sailor)

Robert Cruickshank (born 19 February 1963) is a British sailor. He won a bronze medal in the Soling class at the 1992 Summer Olympics with Lawrie Smith and Ossie Stewart.
# POPiS

POPiS was a coalition of Civic Platform (PO) and Law and Justice (PiS) in 2002 Polish local elections and predicted coalition above all in the 2005 Polish parliamentary election. The PO-PiS Committee issued letters to 14 out of 16 voivodeship assemblies and to the municipal council of Rzeszów. In the Podkarpackie Voivodeship, PO and PiS also started from joint lists, but a number of other formations were also present on them (derived from AWS), and the committee was called Podkarpacie Razem. Only in the Masovian Voivodeship did PO and PiS issue separate letters to the regional assemblies. In the elections to district councils, municipal councils (except for Rzeszów) and mayors, the PO-PiS committee was not appointed (these parties often ran separately).The PO-PiS committee obtained 12.11%, winning 79 seats placing 4th.
Following Law and Justice' victory at the 2005 elections, with Civic Platform achieving second place, the two parties attempted to negotiate a coalition agreement, but the negotiations fell through and the coalition never eventuated. In May 2006, Law and Justice instead successfully negotiated a coalition agreement with the controversial Samoobrona and League of Polish Families parties.
Since the failed negotiations between the two parties in 2005–06, the Civic Platform and Law and Justice have become bitter opponents. The Polish political scene has since been dominated by the rivalry of these two groups. The prospects of any collaboration between these two parties in the immediate future appear to be slight.
The Polish word popis means a 'show' or 'display', and is now used mostly in an ironic context.
In later years, the term POPiS also became a term used by supporters of groups other than PO and PiS, in relation to the dominance of these parties on the political scene, a kind of political duopoly, or as a presumption of a behind-the-scenes deal.
# 2006 Kyoto gubernatorial election

The 2006 Kyoto gubernatorial election was held on 9 April 2006 to elect the next governor of Kyoto (京都府, Kyoto-fu), a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu island. Governor Keiji Yamada was re-elected for a second term, defeating Kinugasa Yoko with 65.62% of the vote.

## Candidates

* Keiji Yamada, 52, incumbent (since 2002), former Home Affairs Ministry bureaucrat, former vice governor of the prefecture. He was supported by the LDP, Komeito party, as well as the opposition DPJ and SDP.
* Kinugasa Yoko, endorsed by JCP.

## Results

Kyoto gubernatorial 2006 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | LDP | Keiji Yamada | 514,893 | 65.62 | 16,93 |
| | JCP | Kinugasa Yoko | 269,740 | 34.38 | 5.17 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 795.207 | 38,44 | 10.74 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 2,068.690 | | |
| | LDP hold | LDP hold | Swing | | |
# 2004 Bausch & Lomb Championships

The 2004 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Racquet Park at the Amelia Island Plantation in Amelia Island, Florida, United States. It was classified as a Tier II event on the 2004 WTA Tour. It was the 25th edition of the event and took place from April 5 to 11, 2004. Lindsay Davenport won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Lindsay Davenport defeated Amélie Mauresmo, 6–4, 6–4

### Doubles

Nadia Petrova / Meghann Shaughnessy defeated Myriam Casanova / Alicia Molik, 3–6, 6–2, 7–5
# Piersk

Piersk is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzymów, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Konin and 106 km (66 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
The Biechowy Ferry, a cable ferry, crosses the River Warta between Biechowy and Piersk.
# John Ruggles (sailor)

John K. Ruggles (born 12 April 1934) is a British sailor. He competed in the 5.5 Metre event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Eresus kollari

Eresus kollari, the ladybird spider, is a spider species in the family Eresidae. It was first described by Walckenaer in 1802, though it was misidentified. It was later correctly described by Rossi in 1846. It is one of the three species into which Eresus cinnaberinus or Eresus niger has been divided. It is thought to be endangered.

## Description

The ladybird spider's body, as with most velvet spiders, somewhat resembles those of species in the jumping spider family. The male has a highly contrasting black and orange-red coloration, while the female is completely black. The opisthosoma looks velvety, as the species's common name would imply.

## Colonies

In colonies, they burrow up to 10 cm in depth which is usually covered in a funnel web. Females may carry lens shape egg sack containing up to 100 eggs. Which she'll carry to a sunny place. The juveniles will stay in the females burrow and feed on her after she dies. They usually form small colonies with up to a couple dozen spiders, but they may reach several hundred or more.

## Bite

Although ladybird spiders are small in size, they are able to bite. A bite to a finger may cause pain, fever symptoms, an increased heart rate, and a headache; these effects last a few hours. The bite is not medically significant and mostly disappears after a few days.

## Habitat

They inhabit warm areas, in areas with loose and low vegetation. This spider most often happens in grasslands. Though it has also been found in dry and bright forests. It is found all throughout Europe, except up in the north.

## Predators

Some species of wasp of the family Pompilidae hunt exclusively on the Eresus genus. These wasps enter a burrow and look for the spider, and they paralyse it with strong venom. The female lays the eggs on the spider, and after a few days, the eggs hatch. These larvae eat and kill the spider.
# Henry Bogdan

Henry Garnet Bogdan Jr. (born February 4, 1961, in Riverside, California) is an American musician best known as the original bass guitarist and a founding member of the alternative metal band Helmet.
Henry Bogdan was born Henry Garnet Bogdan Jr. on February 4th 1961 in Riverside, California and later moved to Oregon. He started his music career as a drummer for the band Poison Idea. After he left Poison Idea, Bogdan quit drumming and started playing bass guitar. He formed the band Helmet in 1989 with Page Hamilton, Peter Mengede, and John Stanier. Bogdan played bass for all of Helmet's albums released from 1990 to 1997 which included Strap It On, Meantime, Betty, and Aftertaste.
After Helmet broke up in 1998, Bogdan remained active in music but has largely moved away from the hard rock/metal scene. Now focusing on pedal steel and lap steel guitars, Bogdan has made guest appearances in a number of musically diverse bands, including playing the song "Ramblin' Man" with Hank Williams III for The Melvins' album The Crybaby. He worked extensively with The Moonlighters, a Hawaiian steel guitar/jazz band that played very frequently in New York City. Bodgan also played lap steel on several songs on Bahamut, the debut album of the group Hazmat Modine.
# Geoffrey Charles Bratt

Geoffrey Charles Bratt (8 January 1931 – 16 October 1978) was an Australian chemist and lichenologist.

## Life and career

Bratt was born in Hobart, Tasmania. In 1952, he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in applied chemistry from the University of Tasmania. That year, he started working at the Electrolytic Zinc Company as a research scientist. He held this position for three years before leaving to enter the Imperial College of Science in London to start a PhD degree. He completed this in 1959 and thereafter returned to the Electrolytic Zinc Company, again as a research scientist; by the time of his death he was the Senior Principle Research Officer. He investigated methods of purification and electrodeposition of zinc, and published several patents regarding this and the purification and recovery of other metals.
As a result of his lifelong interest in bushwalking, Bratt joined the Imperial College Exploring Society Karakorum Expedition conducted in 1957–58, the aim of which was to scale the world's second-highest mountain peak. Although the expedition did not climb this peak, they did manage to successfully climb K10. As a member of the British Glaciological Society he accepted an invitation from Eric Shipton to join an expedition to Patagonia in 1958–59. It was here that he met lichenologist Peter Wilfred James, who stimulated his interest in lichens. After returning to Australia, he set up a herbarium in his home in West Moonah, and added many lichens to his collections from numerous bushwalking trips in Tasmania. After suffering kidney failure in 1974, he had to forgo major expeditions, but he was able to spend more time with the specimens in his herbarium, and most of his lichen publications were published after that.

## Memberships and awards

* member of the Royal Geographical Society in 1959
* life membership of the Royal Society of Tasmania in 1965
* appointed Honorary Research Associate in the Department of Botany at the University of Tasmania in 1969
* Hofmann Prize for extractive metallurgy in 1971 (shared with R.W. Pickering)

## Eponyms

Several lichen taxa have been named to honour Bratt. These include Cladonia enantia var. brattii Kantvilas (2013); Menegazzia brattii Kantvilas (2012); Parmelia brattii Essl. (1976); Pseudocyphellaria brattii D.J.Galloway & Kantvilas (1997); Rinodina brattii H.Mayrhofer (1984); and Vouauxiomyces brattii S.Y.Kondr. (1996).
# Parklane Academy

Parklane Academy is a private K-12 Protestant school located in McComb, Mississippi. It was founded in 1970 as a segregation academy. Parklane Academy is a member of the Mississippi Association of Independent Schools (MAIS). As of 2023, the elementary school principal is Linda Love, the high school principal is Jill Jackson, and the superintendent is Jack Henderson.

## History

The school was founded in 1970 in reaction to the desegregation of the McComb, Mississippi public schooling system (McComb School District). Originally new students were required to have the sponsorship of two families whose children attended the academy and no black students were invited. Asked about the lack of African-American students in 1994 Kathy Miller, administrative assistant at Parklane, told the Austin American-Statesman that "[w]e have a couple of black students. Well, we have a couple of students named Black."
By 2002 Parklane had tax-exempt status and therefore, according to school official Billy Swindle, followed a required non-discrimination policy. In a city that was 58.40% African-American as of the 2000 census, no African-American children had attended Parklane Academy as of 2005. However, according to Swindle, "Parklane does have some Asian pupils [in 2002]" noted that "its annual tuition of $2,600 could be an impediment."

## Athletics

In 2001 The Mississippi Private School Association (MPSA) allowed member schools to participate in athletic matches against public schools. The Mississippi High School Athletic Association requires that their member schools only play schools which meet accreditation standards set by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Sixty nine of the MPSA's member schools, among them Parklane Academy, failed to meet SACS standards at that time. A Parklane School administrator stated that "Parklane has no plans to compete against public schools in athletics. In my opinion, not many of the private schools will. It's strictly a choice between the two schools involved. It's an autonomy question. Each school has to decide on their own." By the 21st century Parklane Academy had made strides in racial diversity. In 2022, Parklane Academy hired an African-American teacher and coach.

## Notable alumni

* Jeff Calhoun, former Major League Baseball pitcher
* Paul Ott Carruth, former running back for the Green Bay Packers and the University of Alabama.
* Ted Jackson, photojournalist
* William W. Parsons, Center Director, John F. Kennedy Space Center
* Britney Spears attended Parklane until ninth grade
* Bryan Spears, Film producer
* Jamie Lynn Spears completed tenth grade at Parklane
# Miss Universe Malaysia 2006

Miss Malaysia Universe 2006, the 40th edition of the Miss Universe Malaysia, was held on 19 April 2006 at Royale Chulan Hotel, Kuala Lumpur. Melissa Tan of Malacca was crowned by the outgoing titleholder, Angela Gan of Sabah at the end of the event. She then represented Malaysia at the Miss Universe 2006 pageant in Los Angeles, United States.

## Results

| Final Results | Contestants |
| Miss Universe Malaysia 2006 | Malacca – Melissa Tan |
| 1st Runner–Up | Perak – Rehka Athmalingam |
| 2nd Runner–Up | Johor – Daphne Chan |
# Thusnelda

Thusnelda (/ðʌsˈnɛldə/; c. 10 BC – after AD 17) was a Germanic Cheruscan noblewoman who was captured by the Roman general Germanicus during his invasion of Germania. She was the wife of Arminius. Tacitus and Strabo cite her capture as evidence of both the firmness and restraint of Roman arms.

## Biography

Thusnelda was the daughter of the pro-Roman Cheruscan prince Segestes. In 9 AD, Arminius, Thusnelda's future husband, who had been given by his father to the Romans as a child and raised as a Roman military commander serving under Publius Quinctilius Varus, switched sides to the Germans, and led a coalition of Germanic tribes that defeated the legions of Varus at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. The conflict between the Roman Empire and the Germanic tribes continued after the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, and Arminius abducted and raped Thusnelda circa 14 AD, likely as a result of a dispute with her pro-Roman father, according to Tacitus.
In May 15 AD, Thusnelda was captured by Germanicus, who commanded the invasion of Germania. She was pregnant and staying with her father, who had seized her from Arminius at some point. It was Segestes who delivered her to Germanicus, after the latter saved the former by driving off Arminius' forces, who had besieged Segestes. Arminius grieved his loss of Thusnelda deeply and did not marry again. According to Tacitus, Arminius was "driven to frenzy" by the loss of his wife.
During her captivity, Thusnelda gave birth to her and Arminius' only child, Thumelicus. At the Battle of the Weser River, Arminius engaged in a famous dispute with his brother Flavus, who was still serving in the Roman army. Flavus informed Arminius that Thusnelda was being well-treated — as, he claimed, was typical of Rome. On May 26, 17 AD, Thusnelda and her son Thumelicus were displayed as prized trophies of the triumph granted to Germanicus. During the triumphal parade, her father watched from the stands, Tacitus suggests with mixed feelings. Contemporary historians evince discomfort with her display as evidence of Roman victory in Germania, as Arminius had resisted capture.
Tacitus wrote that he would report on Thumelicus' fate "at the proper time" — i.e., when he discussed the year in question in his chronicle. The main gap in the text of the Annals is for 30 and 31 AD, so it could be that Thumelicus died then, aged 15 or 16.
Details of Thusnelda's life after the triumph of 17 AD and her date of death are unknown.

## In popular culture

In the 2020 German Netflix series Barbarians, Thusnelda is played by German actress Jeanne Goursaud.
Thusnelda (under the name of Rosmonda) and other figures of the conflict between Arminius and Germanicus were immortalized by the Italian composer Nicola Porpora in his opera Germanico in Germania.
# General Todorov (village)

General Todorov (Bulgarian: Генерал Тодоров) is a village in Petrich Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. Before 1984, it was known as Pripechene (Припечене). As of 2013, it had a population of 668.

## History

The previous name of the village is Pripechene (Bulgarian: Припечене). During the Ottoman period, the village had a mixed Bulgarian and Turkish population. According to an Ottoman document from 1519 there were 6 Muslim and 39 non-Muslim households in Pripechene. The main occupation of the population in Pripechene was farming rice. A Vasil Kanchov study of 1900 counted 114 Bulgarian and 70 Turkish inhabitants.
The village was renamed General Todorov after general Georgi Todorov in 1984.
# Sarah Lewis (alpine skier)

Sarah Lewis OBE (born 29 November 1964 in London) is a British former alpine skier who competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics. She was the Secretary General of FIS for 20 years until she was removed in October 2020.
She was awarded the Femme en or prize in 2006, and OBE in 2018, for heading up the largest Winter Sports International Governing Body.
# Miss Universo Paraguay 2006

The Miss Paraguay 2006 was held on April 14, 2006. That year, only 18 candidates were competing for the national crown. The chosen winner represented Paraguay at the Miss Universe 2006 pageant.

## Results

| Final Results | Contestant |
| Miss Paraguay 2006 | Alto Paraguay - Lourdes Arévalos |
| 1st Runner-up | Amazonas - Leryn Franco |
| 2nd Runner-up | Boquerón - Elvira Beatriz |
| 3rd Runner-up | Distrito Capital - Miriam Rodríguez |
| 4th Runner-up | Alto Paraná - Camilla Carisimo |
| Top 10 | Asunción - Cristina Benítez Gran Chaco - Belén Franco Cordillera - Cafi Agüero San Pedro - Rebeca Quiñónez Caazapá - Alicia Flores |

### Special awards

* Best Face - Cristina Benítez (Asunción)
* Miss Photogenic (voted by press reporters) - Lourdes Arévalos (Alto Paraguay)
* Miss Congeniality (voted by contestants) - Adriana Barrios (Concepción)
* Miss Elegance - Raquel Duarte (Presidente Hayes)

## Delegates

| Department | Contestant | Age | Height | Hometown |
| Alto Paraguay | Lourdes Arévalos Fernández | 22 | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | San Lorenzo |
| Alto Paraná | Liza Camilla Carisimo Cresta | 23 | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | Ciudad del Este |
| Amazonas | Leryn Dahiana Franco Steneri | 24 | 1.79 m (5 ft 10+1⁄2 in) | Asunción |
| Asunción | Cristina Benítez Vargas | 18 | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) | Asunción |
| Boquerón | Elvira María Beatriz Cuellar | 21 | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Limpio |
| Caazapá | Alicia Flores Batistei | 22 | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | Ñemby |
| Canindeyú | Giuliana Sacarello Mona | 19 | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | Salto del Guairá |
| Central | Adriana Barrios Mena | 20 | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | Capiatá |
| Cordillera | María Cafi Agüero Esgaib | 24 | 1.81 m (5 ft 11+1⁄2 in) | Ciudad del Este |
| Distrito Capital | Miriam Rodríguez Landro | 23 | 1.82 m (5 ft 11+1⁄2 in) | Asunción |
| Gran Chaco | Belén Franco Germán | 19 | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Capiatá |
| Itapúa | María del Rocío Martínez Hidalgo | 20 | 1.72 m (5 ft 7+1⁄2 in) | Encarnación |
| Misiones | Sasha Huber Noriega | 22 | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | San Juan Bautista |
| Ñeembucú | Aleli Canillas González | 22 | 1.72 m (5 ft 7+1⁄2 in) | Asunción |
| Paraguarí | Gissella Vera Meron | 18 | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | Paraguarí |
| Presidente Hayes | Raquel Andrea Duarte Avalos | 23 | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Fernando de la Mora |
| San Pedro | Rebeca Quiñónez Cadíz | 23 | 1.77 m (5 ft 9+1⁄2 in) | Areguá |
| Tebicuary | Alexandra Fretes Montealegre | 18 | 1.76 m (5 ft 9+1⁄2 in) | Paraguarí |
# Nina Bulatović

Nina Bulatović (born 9 December 1996) is a Montenegrin handballer for ŽRK Budućnost Podgorica and the Montenegrin national team.
She represented Montenegro at the 2022 European Women's Handball Championshipwhere she won the bronze medal. On 13 June 2023 she was transferred by Gloria Bistrița from ŽRK Budućnost Podgorica.