# Northeast Students' Organization

The North East Students' Organization (NESO) is an umbrella body representing various student organizations across the eight northeastern states of India. Established in 1979, NESO advocates for the rights, culture, and development of the indigenous peoples of the region.

## About

The North East Students' Organization (NESO), established in 1979, is a prominent umbrella body representing student organizations across the eight northeastern states of India. Headquartered in Shillong, Meghalaya, NESO focuses on advocating for the rights, culture, and development of the region's indigenous communities. Its key objectives include protecting indigenous rights, addressing immigration and demographic challenges, preserving cultural heritage, and promoting socio-economic and educational development. NESO has actively opposed policies like the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), citing concerns over its impact on the region's demographics, and has raised issues related to illegal immigration and border security. The organization also works to enhance educational opportunities through lobbying for scholarships and improved infrastructure.
However, NESO has faced criticism for its perceived ethnocentric focus, with detractors arguing that the organization sometimes prioritizes the interests of specific ethnic groups over broader regional unity. Additionally, concerns have been raised about its effectiveness, citing occasional delays in addressing urgent regional issues. Another common point of critique is that, despite being a student organization, NESO is often led by individuals who are no longer students, with many leaders being over the age of 30. Critics argue that this undermines its representation of the student community and its ability to engage directly with the issues and perspectives of younger generations. These challenges have sparked debates about the need for reforms to ensure greater inclusivity, efficiency, and alignment with the evolving needs of the northeastern region's student population. In 2024, NESO experienced a split due to differing opinions regarding the Free Movement Regime (FMR), a bilateral agreement between India and Myanmar that allows residents within 16 kilometers of the border to travel freely across it without a visa. While intended to maintain traditional and familial ties among cross-border communities, the FMR sparked debate within NESO, with critics raising concerns about potential misuse, including illegal immigration, smuggling, and its impact on local demographics and security. This divergence in positions, along with allegations that NESO was being led by individuals who were no longer students, ultimately led to the formation of the Wesean Student Federation (WSF) by a group of students seeking an alternative platform to address these concerns and other regional priorities.

## Member Organizations

NESO comprises eight major student organizations, each representing one of the northeastern states:
* All Assam Students’ Union (AASU)
* Khasi Students’ Union (KSU)
* Garo Students’ Union (GSU)
* All Manipur Students’ Union (AMSU)
* Mizo Zirlai Pawl (MZP)
* Naga Students' Federation (NSF)
* All Arunachal Pradesh Students’ Union (AAPSU)
* Twipra Students’ Federation (TSF)