OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of United States representatives to the International Civil Aviation Organization

The United States Permanent Representative to the International Civil Aviation Organization is the leader of the U.S. Mission to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The position is formally known as the permanent representative of the United States of America, with the rank and status of ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary. The position is but one of the United States' representatives to the United Nations and its other constituent agencies. The U.S. nominee to the Air Navigation Commission, a body that works towards the uniformity in regulations, standards and procedures which will facilitate and improve air navigation to international standards, acts as the deputy to the Permanent Representative.
The United States sent a delegation to the 1944 Chicago Conference, and became a party of the Convention on International Civil Aviation which was resolved at its end on 7 December 1944. The United States first sent a permanent representative to serve on the Council of the Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization (PICAO) which began operating on 6 June 1945 and was replaced by ICAO on 7 April 1947. Air Force General Laurence S. Kuter was appointed the first representative to ICAO by presidential order in September 1946, and fully appointed in September 1947.

## List of representatives

Status  Denotes Acting  Denotes Recess Appointment
The following is a chronological list of those who have held the office:
| # | Ambassador | Years Served |
| 1 | Laurence S. Kuter | September 22, 1947 – February 29, 1948 |
| 2 | Paul Albert Smith | September 24, 1948 – August 1, 1953 Recess appointment, confirmed by the U.S. Senate on December 13, 1949 |
| 3 | Harold Armstrong Jones | July 22, 1953 – November 15, 1956 |
| 4 | Nelson Binkley David | August 7, 1957 – August 31, 1968 |
| 5 | Robert Patrick Boyle | August 9, 1968 – May 23, 1969 |
| 6 | Charles Frederick Butler | May 2, 1969 – November 13, 1971 |
| 7 | Betty Rose Dillon | November 8, 1971 – October 12, 1977 |
| 8 | John Edward Downs | October 12, 1977 – October 26, 1982 |
| 9 | Edmund Stohr | September 15, 1982 – April 20, 1990 |
| 10 | Don M. Newman | June 27, 1990 – May 8, 1994 |
| 11 | Carol Jones Carmody | April 9, 1994 – February 27, 1999 |
| 12 | Edward W. Stimpson | October 5, 1999 – December 17, 2004 |
| 13 | Donald T. Bliss | February 17, 2005 – January 19, 2009 |
| 14 | Duane Woerth | October 1, 2010 – December 23, 2013 |
| 15 | Michael Anderson Lawson | July 22, 2014 – January 19, 2017 |
| 16 | Thomas L. Carter | December 10, 2017 – February 28, 2020 |
| — | Sean E. Doocey (acting) | April 17, 2020 – January 17, 2021 |
| 17 | Sully Sullenberger | February 3, 2022 – July 1, 2022 |
| — | Brent Christensen (acting) | August 2022 – January 2024 |
| — | Andrew M. Veprek (acting) | January 2024 – August 2024 |
# Deadenders

Deadenders is a science fiction comic book series written by Ed Brubaker and published by DC Comics. It is set in a post-apocalyptic future in New Bethleham USA and features a heavy Mod content among the characters. The cover work is by Philip Bond. The series lasted for 16 issues.

## Plot

After what is colloquially called "The Cataclysm", a city called New Bethleham is segregated between its center sector, where something approaching normal life is maintained by the use of artificial sunlight, and its oppressive and crime-ridden suburbs and outlying districts, which are home to a new religion called "Doomsterism". Self-centered teenager Bartholomew "Beezer" Beezenbach begins experiencing otherworldly visions of a place that is definitely not New Bethleham. Through a bookseller friend, Beezer is put in touch with Anna Pierce, a wealthy girl from the city's center who has similar visions. The two of them convince Dr. Horatio Gago of the diabolical Science Corp to explain the visions to them. He claims that young people who experience these visions are being psychically yoked to a machine that maintains a small piece of the Cataclysm, which was originally created by a time travel experiment gone wrong. Anna and Beezer encounter a resistance group ready to storm the walls of Science Corp, and they follow, ultimately freeing the piece of Cataclysm and ending its baleful effects on their world.

## Collected editions

The first four issues have been released as a trade paperback under the title Deadenders: Stealing the Sun (ISBN 1-56389-706-7).
The complete series has been released as a trade paperback under the title Deadenders (ISBN 978-1-4012-3480-5).
# Selma Hanımsultan

Selma Hanımsultan (Ottoman Turkish: سلمه خانم سلطان, lit. 'peace'; 13 April 1916 – 13 January 1942) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Rauf Hayri Bey and Hatice Sultan.

## Early life

Selma Hanımsultan was born on 13 April 1916 in her mother's villa in Ortaköy. Her father was Rauf Hayri Bey (1871 – 1936), son of Hayri Bey and Belkis Hanım, and her mother was Hatice Sultan (1870 – 1938), daughter of Sultan Murad V and Şayan Kadın.
At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Selma and her family settled in Beirut, Lebanon. Her parents had divorced in 1918, and in exile they lived on the alimony sent by her father. However, when he was mixed up in a smuggling plot, dismissed from his job and put in prison, they were left with no money. Despite the family's limited means, she blossomed into a fashionable young woman.

## Marriage

In 1932, a double match was made for two Princesses of the Ottoman family living in France, the Princesses Dürrüşehvar Sultan and Nilufer Hanımsultan. The Nizam of Hyderabad, at the time considered the richest man in the world, had won their hand in marriage for his two sons. After a simple wedding in the South of France, the two brides went off to live in India. In her straitened circumstances, Hatice was under a lot of pressure to get her daughter married, the sooner the better. But it had become very hard to find suitable marriage partners for impoverished Turkish royalty. About five years later, a husband for Selma was found in India. Selma traveled to India to marry Syed Sajid Husain Ali, Raja of Kotwara, in 1937. In India, Selma take the title of Princess Selma, Rani of Kotwara and Princess of Ottoman Empire.
However, after growing up first in the splendor of imperial Istanbul and then in cosmopolitan Beirut, Selma had great trouble adjusting to her new environment. The marriage was not a happy one. In the summer of 1939, pregnant with her first child, Selma traveled to Paris, under the pretext of the upcoming royal delivery. She was accompanied only by a faithful retainer of her birth family, a eunuch named Zeynel Agha, who had come to India with her. With the Second World War fast approaching, she ran out of money. Her daughter Kenizé was born on 11 November of that year. Selma did not inform her husband, leading her in-laws to believe the child was stillborn.

## Death

In 1942, a World War was raging. Cut off from all resources, Selma lived in dire poverty. That Winter, she became very ill and finally succumbed to sepsis on 13 January 1942. She was buried in Bobigny cemetery, Paris.

## Issue

| Name | Birth | Notes |
| Kenizé Mourad | 11 November 1939 | Born in Paris, France; unmarried and without issue |

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Selma Hanımsultan :
# Carolina Mariani

Claudia Carolina Mariani Ambrueso (born August 11, 1972 in Buenos Aires) is a retired female judoka who represented Argentina in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992, was flag bearer in 1996 being her last Olympic Game Sydney 2000.

## Career

She claimed the bronze medal in the Women's Half-Lightweight (– 52 kg) division at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba and in 1999. She won silver at the 1995 World Judo Championships.
# Anaene diagramma

Anaene diagramma is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914. It is found in Panama.
# 1994 Vaucluse state by-election

A by-election was held in the New South Wales state electoral district of Vaucluse on 9 April 1994. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Michael Yabsley (Liberal).

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 18 March 1994 | Resignation of Michael Yabsley. |
| 21 March 1994 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 24 March 1994 | Day of nomination |
| 9 April 1994 | Polling day |
| 22 April 1994 | Return of writ |

## Results

1994 Vaucluse by-election Saturday 9 April :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Peter Debnam | 15,757 | 58.5 | +3.4 |
| | Labor | Barbara Armitage | 7,856 | 29.2 | +11.8 |
| | Greens | Murray Matson | 2,453 | 9.1 | |
| | Independent | Rodney Marks | 870 | 3.2 | |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 26,936 | 97.1 | +6.4 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 808 | 2.9 | −6.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 27,744 | 70.7 | −19.4 |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Liberal | Peter Debnam | 16,621 | 63.3 | +0.3 |
| | Labor | Barbara Armitage | 9,645 | 36.7 | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | | |
# He Qinglian

He Qinglian (simplified Chinese: 何清涟; traditional Chinese: 何清漣; pinyin: Hé Qīnglián) is a Chinese author, economist, and exiled dissent, known for her critical view of the Chinese Communist Party and for her support of right-wing Republicans in the United States.

## Biography

She was born in Shaoyang, Hunan, China, in 1956. She studied history in Hunan Normal University from 1979 to 1983. In 1988 she received a master's degree in economics from Fudan University in Shanghai, China. She worked in universities in Hunan and Guangdong for several years. Later she became a newspaper editor in Shenzhen, Guangdong. She wrote many articles and several books on Chinese society and the Chinese economy. The Pitfalls of Modernization, her most famous book, sold over 100,000 copies in China and won acclaim from both the public and economists. She argues in Pitfalls that, as power has devolved to local government, local officials who at first favored reform later came to oppose further reform which might limit their discretion and so make it harder to trade power for money and money for power. In the latter part of Pitfalls she also discussed the revival of clan power in southern provinces such as Guangdong and Fujian. Her articles, which point to deep structural problems and declare that thoroughgoing political reform will be necessary if economic reform is to succeed, displeased some Chinese government officials. Consequently, she received more and more pressure in China, and on June 14, 2001, she left home and fled abroad. She now lives in the United States.
He Qinglian's articles often appear in the Chinese language press outside of China. Her book Media Control in China (中国政府如何控制媒体) was published online in Chinese (with an English language summary) by Human Rights in China in 2004 and serialized on the website of a scholarly Chinese language quarterly based in New Jersey, Modern China Studies (当代中国研究). A revised and expanded edition was published in Taipei by Liming Cultural Enterprises in 2006.
# Aadade Aadharam

Aadade Aadharam was an Indian Telugu-language soap opera that aired on ETV. It aired from Monday to Saturday on afternoons. It premiered on 26 January 2009 and is the third longest-running Indian television soap opera after Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai and Abhishekam. It had a total of 3329 episodes with last episode aired on 14 March 2020.

## Plot

The show is about a woman who goes on with her life despite facing several issues. The female lead is Amrita, who is a professional Lawyer.
Vikas a criminal plans to abduct a rich girl named Renuka but his plan is foiled when his friends abducts Amrita instead mistaking her for Renuka.
Next day, when she returns to the hostal, she was questioned for spending night outside of the 'Lakshmana Rekha' drawn around her. She becomes victim of misunderstanding. Spunned by even her parents, her tale of misery begins.
Despite those tragic circumstances she moves ahead in life. Her indefatigable courage enables her to fight with criminals, including Vikas. She strives very hard in her life to make her own mark.
The story progresses through different characters with whom she interacts. She continues her fight against criminals by supporting her clients and seeking justice for them. Despite all the hurdles she faces she holds on to her morals and faces all the challenges and difficulties with courage.
The story then turns towards Archana, who's Amrita's lookalike, their rift and sacrifice Amrita did for Archana.
The story then revolves around Amrutha's daughter Amulya. Amrita gives birth to Amulya and dies leaving the new born alone in the village outskirts. Ramakrishna adopts her and raises her like his own dad. The story then revolves around her marriage.
The story then takes a leap and starts with Archana's daughter Arpita, who wanted to become an IAS officer and craving for her father's validation and acceptance. The story revolves around how Arpita fights with the society and the challenges she faces while fulfilling her duties.

## Cast

* Pallavi Ramisetty as Lawyer Amrutha, Amulya's mother
** Archana, Amrutha's lookalike, wife of Rahul and mother of Arpita
** Amulya, Parthu's wife, daughter of Amrutha
** Arpita, a brave IAS officer, daughter of Archana and Rahul, wife of Phalgun IPS
* Madhulika
* Madhu
* Rajasri Reddy
* Sujatha Reddy
* Sadhana
* Sindhura
* Lakshmi Sri
* Sobha
* Amulya
* Deepti
* Aditya
* Sindhura Dharshanam
* Divya Deepika as Vaijayanthi
# Dean Kruse

Dean V. Kruse (born 1941) is an American former auctioneer. He is also the former owner and CEO of Kruse International. Kruse started working in the local auction business founded by his father, Russell W. Kruse, and soon became the company's president. Known to many as the "Dean of Auctioneers," Kruse was once a well-respected member of the collector car hobby.
A 1957 graduate of the Reppert School of Auctioneering in Decatur, Indiana, Kruse cried his 5,000th auction in Houston in 1987, and is reportedly one of the youngest men to even attain that goal.
Kruse is a former Indiana State Senator. He was elected as a Democrat at the age of 25, in an election that maintained party control over that body, and served from 1966 to 1970. He is a past president of the Indiana Auctioneer's Association, and was elected as a member of their hall of fame, along with his father Russell and brother Dennis Kruse.
Dean was responsible for negotiating the purchase of his auction company in 1999 by online auctioneer eBay which paid $275 million for Kruse International and Billpoint. The company was purchased back from eBay by Dean Kruse in 2002. Kruse used part of the money he received from eBay to start two museums in Auburn; the World War II Victory Museum and the Kruse Automotive Horse Power and Carriage Museum.
On May 25, 2010, the Indiana Auctioneer Commission suspended Kruse's auctioneer's license for two years and permanently revoked the license of his company, Kruse, Inc., after receiving complaints that he had been failing to pay those who sold items through his auctions.
# Anaene spurca

Anaene spurca is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914. It is found in Panama.
# 1984 PKK attacks

The 15 August 1984 PKK attacks, which were led by Mahsum Korkmaz (known as "Agit"), marked the start of the last phase of Kurdish–Turkish conflict.
Since the PKK's second party Congress, which was held from 20 to 25 August 1982 in Daraa, Syria, it was decided that the PKK would start preparing for an insurgency inside Turkey. Training camps were opened in Syria and in Lebanon's Beqaa Valley and propaganda teams were sent across the border to make contact with the local populations. After years of preparation, the PKK launched its first major attacks on 15 August 1984. The attack was led by the founder of the PKK's military wing.
PKK forces attacked the gendarmerie station in Eruh, Siirt and killed one gendarmerie soldier and injured six soldiers and three civilians. Simultaneously, PKK forces attacked a gendarmerie open-air facility, officer housings and a gendarmerie station in Şemdinli, Hakkâri and killed two police officers and injured one police officer and a soldier.
Initially, Turkish authorities did not take the attacks seriously, however the attacks were followed up by a raid on a police station in Siirt on 17 August, which was soon followed by an attack that killed three of General Kenan Evren's Presidential Guards in Yüksekova and an ambush which killed 8 Turkish soldiers in Çukurca, in Hakkâri province.
Insurgent violence in the predominantly Kurdish South-East of Turkey escalated heavily after the attacks. Around 2,500 people were killed during the conflict between 15 August 1984 and 1991. This number rose to 17,500 between 1991 and 1992 and the Turkish state puts the number of people killed by the insurgency at 44,000 as of September 2008.
# Killing of Randolph Evans

Randolph Evans (1961–1976) was a 15-year-old ninth-grade boy at Franklin K. Lane High School in Brooklyn. He was shot and killed by NYPD officer Robert Torsney on November 25, 1976.

## Shooting

On Thanksgiving Day 1976, responding to a report of a man with a gun in the Cypress Hills housing projects, Officer Robert Torsney encountered a group of youths. After a brief conversation, Torsney shot one of them, Evans, point-blank in the head.
After shooting Evans, Torsney made no effort to check the boy’s condition but instead walked to his patrol car, got in, removed the spent cartridge from his weapon, and calmly replaced it with another bullet. His partner, Officer Matthew Williams had already been in the vehicle during the shooting, and asked, "What did you do?" Torsney responded, "I don't know, Matty. What did I do?" He was then arrested by his fellow officers.

## Legal proceedings

On the day of the funeral, Torsney was indicted by a grand jury on charges of second-degree murder. The trial began in October, 1977, where his defense maintained that the killing resulted from a psychotic episode due to "automatism of Penfield", named for neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield. On November 30, 1977, one year after the funeral, Torsney was found not guilty by reason of insanity. Torsney was remanded to Creedmoor Psychiatric Center in Queens.
On December 20, 1978, a Brooklyn State Supreme Court ordered Torsney's release, stating he no longer posed a threat to society. On the following July 9, 1979, Torsney was released from Creedmoor but under many rules and restrictions, including no legal possession of any firearms, ammunition, or explosives, no association with known criminals, no employment in law enforcement or other public safety professions, no attempts to contact Randolph's relatives or any known friends or acquintances, and submitting to outpatient treatment at Creedmoor for the next five years with possible revocation of his release if deemed necessary for his or others' safety. Robert Torsney died in 2009, 30 years after his release from Creedmoor.
The Torsney case was mentioned by Bob Herbert in his New York Times column after the shooting of Sean Bell which took place exactly 30 years to the day after the killing of Evans.
# Channel 19

Channel 19 may refer to:
* CB radio channel 19 (27.185 MHz), unofficially a commonly monitored calling frequency for highway transport operators.
* Canal 19 (Salvadoran TV channel), a Salvadoran TV channel

## Canada

The following television stations broadcast on digital or analog channel 19 (UHF frequencies covering 500-506 MHz) in Canada:
* CBFT-DT in Montreal, Quebec
* CICA-DT in Toronto, Ontario
* CKRT-DT-6 in Trois-Pistoles, Quebec
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 19 in Canada:
* CICA-DT in Toronto, Ontario

## Mexico

The following television stations broadcast on digital channel 19 in Mexico:
* XERV-TDT in Reynosa, Tamaulipas
* XHFAS-TDT in Fronteras, Sonora
* XHIMS-TDT in Ímuris, Sonora
* XHZAT-TDT in Zacatecas, Zacatecas
One station operates on virtual channel 19 in Mexico:
* XHUAA-TDT in Tijuana, Baja California
# Margaret Garnett

Margaret Garnett (born 1971) is an American lawyer from New York who is serving as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

## Education

Garnett received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Notre Dame in 1992, a Master of Arts in 1995 and a Master of Philosophy in 1997, both from Yale University and a Juris Doctor from Columbia Law School in 2000.

## Career

After graduating law school, Garnett started her career as an associate at Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz in New York City from 2000 to 2004. From 2004 to 2005, she was a law clerk for Judge Gerard E. Lynch of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. From 2005 to 2017, Garnett was an Assistant United States Attorney in the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York, which included service as Chief of Appeals from 2016 to 2017 and Chief of the Violent Crimes/Violent and Organized Crime Unit from 2011 to 2014. From 2018 to 2021, she was commissioner of the New York City Department of Investigation and from 2017 to 2018, she served as Executive Deputy Attorney General for Criminal Justice in the New York State Attorney General's Office. From 2021 to May 2023, she was the deputy United States attorney for the Southern District of New York. From May 2023 to 2024, she served as Special Counsel to the United States attorney in that same district.

### Federal judicial service

Garnett was recommended to the White House by Senator Chuck Schumer. On June 28, 2023, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Garnett to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On July 11, 2023, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Garnett to the seat vacated by Judge Vincent L. Briccetti, who assumed senior status on April 21, 2023. On July 26, 2023, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On September 14, 2023, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 12–9 vote. On November 28, 2023, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 49–46 vote. Her nomination was confirmed later that day by a 49–46 vote. She received her judicial commission on January 9, 2024.

## Personal life

Garnett lives in Brooklyn with her two children and her husband, Seth, a script supervisor for TV and film. Garnett is the granddaughter of two generals and her father was an Army officer.
# Dean of Derby

The Dean of Derby is the head (primus inter pares – first among equals) and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Derby Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of All Saints in Derby. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Derby of the Church of England and seat of the Bishop of Derby.
The incumbent dean, since July 2020, is Peter Robinson.
# Cristian Schmidt

Cristian Schmidt (born 13 August 1982 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine judoka. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the -100 kg event.
Notable results in individual events in Schmidt's career include the bronze medals at the 2011 Pan Am Games and at the 2010 South American Games.