OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Irish Caribbean people

Irish Caribbean people are people who live in the Caribbean, but were born in Ireland, or are descended from people who were born in Ireland. Irish Caribbean people include:
* Irish immigration to Barbados
* Irish immigration to Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Irish people in Jamaica
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bermuda
* Irish immigration to Montserrat
* Trinidad and Tobago

## Economic context

In 1620, Indentured Servitude was introduced into the Americas as an economic system based on production through cultivation. This system allowed landowners to purchase physical laborer's work for a determined amount of time in order to cultivate the fields. Indentured servitude was originally a means to solve supply deficiency in different colonial regions.
At the start of the 18th century, the Irish along with other countries joined the migration trends towards the West Indies. They migrated into the colonies as indentured servants during a time where transportation costs varied little and the length of their contract terms were influenced by their productivity as it decreased the time it would take to repay the implicit loans. Remaining contract terms could also be sold and traded between landowners at the time.
Irish indentured servants (like all other servants) were classified by two main categories. The first category would place them in either "skilled" or "unskilled" classes. The second category would order the servants based on age. Both categories together would define their wages as younger and skilled servants could gain more and pay back their loans faster. This meant that their age and their capabilities were direct factors determining the contract term period. A skilled male servant with a mean age of 22.9 years would gain a mean net annual earning of 5.78 pounds while a male servant with a mean age of 19.1 would only gain 2.0.
In 1740, A migration trend of African slaves caused by market forces started taking place and grew in popularity due to the very low cost of purchase. Indentured servants (such as the Irish) served as a training ground. Planters learned the necessary knowledge and skills needed and then shifted to African slaves. Slaves were unskilled laborers who could work the fields for cheaper while indentured servants could perform skilled crafts and even manage the slaves. Over time production grew and Indentured servants became too expensive which led to Irish skilled laborers to be replaced by trained African skilled laborers. By the 19th century, indentured servitude (though still present) was done at a much smaller scale and was very limited.
Today, Irish influence can be seen through Caribbean islands, mainly Montserrat. A small island with inhabitants that celebrates St-Patrick's day every year. Inhabitants with surnames such as Meade, O'Brien and Riley can be found within the residents of that island. Even the traditional costumes that were worn during the plantation are present in modern times along with the traditional tartan.
# Jacques Viger (Member of the Assembly)

Jacques Viger (November 23, 1735 – January 21, 1798) was a political figure in Lower Canada.

## Biography

He was born in Montreal on November 23, 1735, the son of the shoemaker Jacques Viger. On May 7, 1764, he married Amaranthe Prévost, the daughter of Eustache Prévost and Marie-Madeleine Sarrault.
In 1796, Jacques Viger was elected to the 2nd Parliament of Lower Canada for Kent County (later Chambly County) as a supporter of the parti canadien. His brother Denis Viger was also elected to the legislative assembly in Montreal East. He died on January 21, 1798.
His son, Jacques Viger, was the first mayor of Montreal and his nephew Louis-Michel Viger became a lawyer and also served in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. His nephew Denis-Benjamin later played an important role in the politics of the province.
# Omaria massacre

Algerian massacres in 1997 :
Massacres in which over 50 people were killed: :
| Thalit massacre | 3–4 April |
| Haouch Khemisti massacre | 21 April |
| Daïat Labguer (M'sila) Massacre | 16 June |
| Si-Zerrouk massacre | 27 July |
| Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre | 3 August |
| Souhane massacre | 20–21 August |
| Beni-Ali massacre | 26 August |
| Rais massacre | 29 August |
| Beni-Messous massacre | 5–6 September |
| Guelb El-Kebir massacre | 19 September |
| Bentalha massacre | 22 September |
| Sid El-Antri massacre | 23–24 December |
| Wilaya of Relizane massacres | 30 December |
1998 → :
vte :
The largest Omaria massacre took place on 23 April 1997 in the Algerian village of El Omaria near Médéa, south of Algiers. Attackers armed with knives, sabers, and guns killed 42 people - including 17 women and 3 babies - in 3 hours, mutilating and sometimes burning the bodies. A pregnant woman was cut open, and her baby hacked. The Haouch Khemisti massacre had taken place the day before. The violence provoked international condemnation of those responsible; US State Department spokesman Nicholas Burns declared that "these Islamic terrorists... deserve special criticism and condemnation by the world community for these despicable acts", while the Algerian FLN stated that "This barbarity is condemned by all religions, laws and morals of humanity."
A previous massacre had taken place at Omaria on 22 January 1997, in which 23 people were killed.
# Taolu World Cup

The Taolu World Cup is an elite-level international sports championship hosted by the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) for the sport of wushu taolu. Athletes qualify by placing in the top-eight of a standard taolu event at the prior World Wushu Championships. Renditions in 2016 and 2018 have been held so far with the 3rd Taolu World Cup being rescheduled first for 2022, but later for 2024.

## Events

| Year | Edition | Location | Events | First of the medal table | Second of the medal table | Third of the medal table |
| 2016 | 1 | Fuzhou, Fujian, China | 22 | China | Hong Kong | Indonesia |
| 2018 | 2 | Yangon, Myanmar | 22 | Hong Kong | China | Malaysia |
| 2024 | 3 | Yokohama, Japan | 22 | China | Japan | Indonesia |

## Medal table

Last updated after the 2nd Taolu World Cup in 2018.
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | China (CHN) | 13 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| 2 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 11 | 5 | 3 | 19 |
| 3 | Malaysia (MAS) | 6 | 6 | 4 | 16 |
| 4 | Indonesia (INA) | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 5 | Macau (MAC) | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
| 6 | Japan (JPN) | 2 | 5 | 5 | 12 |
| 7 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 1 | 7 | 0 | 8 |
| 8 | Vietnam (VIE) | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 |
| 9 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 4 | 2 | 7 |
| 10 | Myanmar (MYA) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 11 | Ukraine (UKR) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 12 | Iran (IRI) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 13 | India (IND) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 13 | Philippines (PHI) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 13 | Singapore (SGP) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 16 | United States (USA) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 17 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 17 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 19 | Spain (ESP) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 19 | Uzbekistan (UZB) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (20 entries) | Totals (20 entries) | 44 | 44 | 43 | 131 |

## Statistics
### Multiple gold medalists

| Rank | Athlete | Country | From | To | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Liu Xuxu | Hong Kong | 2016 | 2018 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| 2 | Wong Weng Son | Malaysia | 1993 | 2003 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| 3 | Chen Suijin | Hong Kong | 2016 | 2018 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |

### Multiple medalists

| Rank | Athlete | Country | From | To | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Liu Xuxu | Hong Kong | 2016 | 2018 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| 2 | Wong Weng Son | Malaysia | 1993 | 2003 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| 3 | Li Yi | Macau | 2016 | 2018 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 6 | Tan Cheong Min | Malaysia | 2018 | 2024 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 7 | He Jianxin | Hong Kong | 2018 | 2024 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
# Straw (colour)

Straw /ˈstrɔː/ is a colour, a tone of pale yellow, the colour of straw. The Latin word stramineus, with the same meaning, is often used in describing nature.
The first recorded use of straw as a colour name in English was in 1589.

## Straw in nature

The name of the colour straw is used as an adjective in the names of birds and other animals with such colouring to describe their appearance, including:
Invertebrates
* Barred straw
* Straw underwing
Birds
* Straw-backed tanager
* Straw-headed bulbul
* Straw-tailed whydah
Mammals
* Straw-coloured fruit bat
* Straw-coloured pygmy rice rat
Other
* Blood plasma is also straw coloured
# Simon Marks, 1st Baron Marks of Broughton

Simon Marks, 1st Baron Marks of Broughton (9 July 1888 – 8 December 1964), was an English retail businessman and baron, the son of Michael Marks, the co-founder of major British multinational company Marks & Spencer.

## Biography
### Early life

Marks was born in the Leylands, Leeds, on 9 July 1888, son of Michael Marks and Hannah Cohen, and educated at Manchester Grammar School.

### Career

In 1907, he inherited a number of "penny bazaars" from his father, which had been established with Thomas Spencer. With the help of Israel Sieff, he built Marks & Spencer into an icon of British business.
He was knighted on 4 July 1944 and on 10 July 1961 was raised to the peerage as Baron Marks of Broughton, of Sunningdale in the Royal County of Berkshire.

### Death and legacy

Marks died 8 December 1964, in London, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium. His ashes and memorial are housed within the internal columbarium (visible by arrangement). The ashes of his wife Miriam Marks (née Sieff, sister of Israel Sieff), and those of his business partner Israel Sieff, rest with his.
He was succeeded in the barony by his only son, Michael Marks, 2nd Baron Marks of Broughton, who died in 1998 and was succeeded in the title by his own son, Simon Marks, 3rd Baron Marks of Broughton.

## Coat of arms

Coat of arms of Simon Marks, 1st Baron Marks of Broughton :
* NotesCoat of arms of Baron Marks of Broughton family
* CoronetA coronet of a Baron
* CrestA Dove wings addorsed Argent beaked and membered Gules gorged with an Antique Crown and to the beak a Gimmel Ring
* EscutcheonPily Argent and Azure a Pair of Scales Or
* SupportersOn either side a Lion Or supporting a Cornucopia Argent the Fruit proper that on the dexter holding aloft with the interior forepaw a Red Rose slipped and leaved also proper and that on the sinister holding aloft with the interior forepaw two Triangles interlaced Or
* MottoStrive Probe Apply
# Japanese destroyer Hagi (1920)

The Japanese destroyer Hagi (萩) was one of 21 Momi-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1910s. She was converted into a patrol boat in 1940 and was lost during the Battle of Wake Island shortly after the beginning of the Pacific War in December 1941.

## Design and description

The Momi class was designed with higher speed and better seakeeping than the preceding Enoki-class second-class destroyers. The ships had an overall length of 280 feet (85.3 m) and were 275 feet (83.8 m) between perpendiculars. They had a beam of 26 feet (7.9 m), and a mean draft of 8 feet (2.4 m). The Momi-class ships displaced 850 long tons (864 t) at standard load and 1,020 long tons (1,036 t) at deep load. Hagi was powered by two Parsons geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by three Kampon water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce 21,500 shaft horsepower (16,000 kW) to give the ships a speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 275 long tons (279 t) of fuel oil which gave them a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). Their crew consisted of 110 officers and crewmen.
The main armament of the Momi-class ships consisted of three 12-centimeter (4.7 in) Type 3 guns in single mounts; one gun forward of the well deck, one between the two funnels, and the last gun atop the aft superstructure. The guns were numbered '1' to '3' from front to rear. The ships carried two above-water twin sets of 533-millimeter (21 in) torpedo tubes; one mount was in the well deck between the forward superstructure and the bow gun and the other between the aft funnel and aft superstructure.
In 1940, Hagi was converted into a patrol boat. Her torpedo tubes, minesweeping gear, and aft 12 cm gun were removed in exchange for two triple mounts for license-built 25 mm (1 in) Type 96 light AA guns and 60 depth charges. In addition one boiler was removed, which reduced her speed to 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) from 12,000 shp (8,900 kW). These changes made her top heavy and ballast had to be added which increased her displacement to 950 metric tons (935 long tons).

## Construction and career

Hagi, built at the Uraga Dock Company shipyard in Uraga, was laid down on February 28, 1920, launched on October 29, 1920, and completed on April 20, 1921. During 1940, she was converted into a patrol boat and was renamed Patrol Boat No. 33 on April 1. The ship was deliberately run aground on 23 December 1941 during the second Battle of Wake Island at coordinates 19°17′N 166°37′E﻿ / ﻿19.283°N 166.617°E﻿ / 19.283; 166.617 to allow her Special Naval Landing Force troops to disembark. Nearby Marine anti-aircraft guns then set her on fire. Patrol Boat No. 33 was struck from the Navy List on 15 January 1942.
# Paul Wettlaufer

Paul Wettlaufer (born January 28, 1978) is a Canadian field hockey player.
Wettlaufer earned his first international cap for the Men's National Team in 1998 against Spain in Barcelona. Paul grew up in the District of North Vancouver, British Columbia, where he attended Handsworth Secondary School (1991–1996) and played field hockey for the West Vancouver Field Hockey Club.

## International senior competitions

* 1998 – Commonwealth Games, Kuala Lumpur (not ranked)
* 1999 – Sultan Azlan Shah Tournament, Kuala Lumpur (4th)
* 1999 – Pan American Games, Winnipeg (1st)
* 2000 – Sultan Azlan Shah Tournament, Kuala Lumpur (7th)
* 2000 – Americas Cup, Cuba (2nd)
* 2000 – Olympic Games, Sydney (10th)
* 2001 – World Cup Qualifier, Edinburgh (8th)
* 2002 – Commonwealth Games, Manchester (6th)
* 2003 – Pan American Games, Santo Domingo (2nd)
* 2004 – Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Madrid (11th)
* 2004 – Pan Am Cup, London (2nd)
* 2006 – Commonwealth Games, Melbourne (9th)
* 2006 – World Cup Qualifier, Changzhou (10th)
* 2007 – Pan American Games, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1st)
* 2008 – Olympic Games, Beijing (10th)
# Vyacheslav Chukanov

Vyacheslav Chukanov (born 24 April 1952) is a Soviet equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a gold medal in show jumping with the Soviet team at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

## Personal life

His son Andrea Chukanov is a professional football player.
# Concrete Igloo

Concrete Igloo is the first full-length album by Canadian post-industrial band Dandi Wind. All songs were written and produced by Szam Findlay, with Dandilion Wind Opaine providing vocals.

## Critical reception

Drowned in Sound wrote that the album is "energetic, confrontational and bizarre electronic noise with a strong vein of inventive humour and a breathless speediness to its rhythms" and has a "varied and somewhat deranged set of subject matter...one which surely requires a varied and somewhat deranged melodic setting".

## Track listing

(all songs written by Szam Findlay)
# Mecca fire of 1997

The Mecca fire of 1997 was a fire that occurred in the tent city Mina near Mecca in Saudi Arabia 15 April 1997, killing between 217 and 300 people and injured 1,300. According to witnesses, most of the dead were from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

## Details

The fire erupted in the overcrowded tent city, Mina, where an estimated two million Muslim pilgrims were gathered on for the first day of the Hajj, the ritualistic pilgrimage to Mecca. The fire erupted at 11:45 a.m. (AST), and was caused by exploding canisters of cooking gas, according to witnesses. The fire was fanned by winds of nearly 40 miles per hour (64 km/h) causing the destruction of an estimated 70,000 tents. Officially, 1,290 were injured and 217 killed, though witnesses and local newspapers claimed at least 300 were killed, many trampled in the panic. Later official reports gave a death toll of 343; no official list of fatalities has been published. Opposition sources claimed over 2,000 deaths had occurred, many from trampling. The fire was fought by three hundred fire engines as well as helicopters, and controlled in three hours.

## Aftermath

Less than an hour before the fire began, Saudi security forces had thrown up a cordon around the entire plain, closing it to new arrivals in an effort to prevent further crowding, witnesses said. The Saudis used helicopters to battle the fire, along with some 300 fire engines. Television news reports showed trucks shooting powerful jets of water into the camp as black smoke filled the air. Fanned by winds of nearly 40 mile per hour, the fire swept quickly across the plain, spreading chaos through the camp, crammed with row after row of white tents. Muslim pilgrims, dressed in white robes worn to show unity and modesty, could be seen in the television reports racing through the burning camp, some carrying stretchers. Prince Majid bin Abdul Aziz, the Saudi royal family's representative in Mecca, ordered that new tents be provided to all pilgrims affected by the fire, Saudi television reported.
# Howrah–Malda Town Intercity Express (via Azimganj)

Howrah Malda Town Intercity Express is an Express train belonging to Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways that run between Howrah Junction and Malda Town in West Bengal state of India. This train comes under the Intercity Express category.

## Background

This train was inaugurated on 7 December 2007, flagged off by Lalu Prasad Yadav Former Minister of Railways for more connectivity between Kolkata and Malda Town.

## Service

This train covers the distance of 332 km with an average speed of 48 km/h on both sides.

## Routes

This train passes through Bandel Junction, Katwa Junction, Azimganj Junction & New Farakka Junction on both sides.

## Traction

As the route of both side is fully electrified the end to end traction is now changed to AC traction that is ...The trains are now hauled by either WAP-4 or WAP-5 class loco of Indian Railway..
# Tavis

Tavis is a given name. Notable people with this name include:
* Tavis Bailey (born 1992), American discus thrower
* Tavis Hansen (born 1975), Canadian ice hockey player
* Tavis Knoyle (born 1990), Wales rugby union football player
* Tavis MacMillan
* Tavis Ormandy, English computer security expert
* Tavis Smiley (born 1964), American talk show host and author
* Tavis Stanley, from Art of Dying (band)
* Tavis Werts, from Reel Big Fish
# 2015 Sindh local government elections

The 2015 Sindh local government elections were held in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, on 26 May 2015. The elections were held for the first time in 12 years and were the first to be held under the Local Government Act 2013.
The Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) won the most seats in the elections, followed by the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the Jamaat-e-Islami (JI). The MQM won 1,117 seats, the PPP won 900 seats, and the JI won 287 seats.

## Background

The last local government elections in Sindh were held in 2001. The elections were won by the PPP, which formed the government in the province. The MQM was the main opposition party.
In 2013, the PPP government passed the Local Government Act 2013. The act was designed to devolve power to the local level and to improve governance in Sindh.
The 2015 Sindh local government elections were held under the Local Government Act 2013. The elections were the first to be held under the act.

## Results

The MQM won the most seats in the elections, followed by the PPP and the JI. The MQM won 1,117 seats, the PPP won 900 seats, and the JI won 287 seats.
# Taperakan

39°55′07″N 44°36′22″E﻿ / ﻿39.91861°N 44.60611°E﻿ / 39.91861; 44.60611 Taperakan (Armenian: Տափերական) is a village in the Vedi Municipality of the Ararat Province of Armenia. The village used to be named for Sergey Kirov, an early Bolshevik leader.
# Emma Choi

Emma Eun-joo (은주) Choi (born c. 2000) is an American author, radio host, podcaster, and comedian. She was host of the NPR podcast Everyone & Their Mom and has worked for the NPR show Wait Wait … Don't Tell Me! She is the youngest person to serve as an NPR host.
Choi is a second-generation Korean-American who grew up in Vienna, Virginia. She attended George C. Marshall High School, where she started an online satirical magazine called the Scuttlebutt. Choi studied English literature at Harvard University, graduating in 2022. At Harvard, she was president of an improv troupe, but left after she came under fire for her public criticism of the Harvard Lampoon. She later said "It made me realize everything about being a woman of color in comedy is true, and worse than people say."
In 2021, she became an intern on Wait Wait … Don't Tell Me! She is credited with revitalizing their Instagram account. In February 2022, she became host of Wait Wait spinoff podcast Everyone & Their Mom. That show was cancelled in March 2023 due to a $30 million budget shortfall at NPR. In 2025, Choi was announced to be a performer on the second season of the panel show Smartypants, on Dropout.
# Robin Kehr

Robin Luca Kehr (born 22 February 2000) is a German former professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Kehr made his professional debut for Greuther Fürth in the 2. Bundesliga on 4 October 2020, coming on as a substitute in the 78th minute for Jamie Leweling against Würzburger Kickers, which finished as a 2–2 away draw.
He was forced to retire in 2023 at the age of 23 due to persistent knee problems.
# Patriot Day

In the United States, Patriot Day occurs on September 11 of each year in memory of the victims killed in the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001.

## History

In the immediate aftermath of the attacks, carried out by terrorists from Al-Qaeda, President George W. Bush proclaimed Friday, September 14, 2001, as a National Day of Prayer and Remembrance for the Victims of the Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001.
A bill to make September 11 a national day of mourning was introduced in the U.S. House on October 25, 2001, by Rep. Vito Fossella (R-NY) with 22 co-sponsors. The result was the resolution to proclaim September 11, 2002, as the first Patriot Day.
Original co-sponsors in the House were:
* Gary Ackerman (D-NY)
* Rick Boucher (D-VA)
* Eliot Engel (D-NY)
* Phil English (R-PA)
* Randy Forbes (R-VA)
* Benjamin Gilman (R-NY)
* Felix Grucci (R-NY)
* Maurice Hinchey (D-NY)
* Steve Israel (D-NY)
* Peter T. King (R-NY)
* Ray LaHood (R-IL)
* Nita Lowey (D-NY)
* Carolyn Maloney (D-NY)
* Michael R. McNulty (D-NY)
* Jim Moran (D-VA)
* Jerry Nadler (D-NY)
* John E. Peterson (R-PA)
* Thomas M. Reynolds (R-NY)
* Ed Schrock (R-VA)
* Don Sherwood (R-PA)
* Ed Towns (D-NY)
* James T. Walsh (R-NY)
From 2009 to 2016, President Barack Obama proclaimed September 11 as Patriot Day and National Day of Service and Remembrance, in observance of the Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act. In 2017, President Donald Trump proclaimed September 8–10 as National Days of Prayer and Remembrance, and proclaimed September 11 as Patriot Day. President Trump also did so in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Since Joe Biden was elected president in 2020, he has also issued Executive Orders for Patriot Day in 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024.

## Observance

The flag of the United States is flown at half-staff at the White House and on all U.S. government buildings and establishments throughout the world; Americans are also encouraged to display flags in and outside their homes. Additionally, a moment of silence is observed to correspond with the attacks, beginning at 8:46 a.m. (Eastern Daylight Time), the time the first plane, American Airlines Flight 11, struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
Patriot Day is not a federal holiday; schools and businesses remain open in observance of the occasion, although memorial ceremonies for the 2,977 victims are often held. Volunteer and service opportunities are coordinated by the Corporation for National and Community Service.