# Vincent Gardenia

Vincent Gardenia (born Vincenzo Scognamiglio; January 7, 1920 – December 9, 1992) was an Italian-American stage, film and television actor. He was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, first for Bang the Drum Slowly (1973) and again for Moonstruck (1987). He also portrayed Det. Frank Ochoa in Death Wish (1974) and its 1982 sequel, Death Wish II, and played Mr. Mushnik in the musical film adaptation Little Shop of Horrors (1986).
Gardenia's other notable feature films include Murder Inc. (1960), The Hustler (1961), The Front Page (1974), Greased Lightning (1977), Heaven Can Wait (1978) and The Super (1991).
In 1990, Gardenia was awarded the Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actor in a television movie or television series for the HBO production Age-Old Friends. Gardenia was twice honored for his performances on Broadway. In 1972, he won the Tony Award for Best Supporting Actor in The Prisoner of Second Avenue, and was nominated for Best Actor in a Musical in 1979 for Ballroom. Off-Broadway, he was twice awarded with the Most Distinguished Performance Award by an actor, 1960 for Machinal, and again in 1969 for Passing Through From Exotic Places.

## Early life

Gardenia was born Vincenzo Scognamiglio in Ercolano, Città Metropolitana di Napoli, Campania, Italy, the elder son of Elisa (née Ausiello) and Gennaro Ettore Federico Scognamiglio (or Gennaro Gardenia Scognamiglio). In November, 1922, when he was almost three years old, the family immigrated to the United States and settled in Brooklyn, New York.
His father established an acting troupe that presented Italian-language melodramas. As a child, he performed in the troupe in Italian-American neighborhoods in and around New York City, having later said, "the titles changed, but they were usually about a son or daughter who gets in trouble, runs away, then begs forgiveness". He debuted in the company at age five, portraying a shoeshine boy. He graduated to character roles while still a teenager. He remained a member of the company until 1960, five years after his first English-speaking role on Broadway.
Gardenia also served in the U.S. Army during World War II.

## Career

Gardenia played a small role in the film The House on 92nd Street and bit parts in other films, including Cop Hater and A View From the Bridge. His first English-speaking role was in 1955, as a pirate in the Broadway play In April Once. The following year, at age 36, he appeared as Piggy in his off-Broadway debut in The Man with the Golden Arm. He described his role in the film Little Murders as a "turning point". He won Obie Awards in 1960 and 1969.
A life member of The Actors Studio, Gardenia won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play in 1972 for his performance in The Prisoner of Second Avenue, opposite Peter Falk. In 1979, he was nominated for Best Actor in a Musical for his performance in Ballroom.
In film, he was twice nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Bang the Drum Slowly and Moonstruck.
In television, Gardenia won the 1990 Emmy Award for his performance in Age-Old Friends, with Hume Cronyn. Among his best remembered TV roles is his portrayal of Archie Bunker's neighbor Frank Lorenzo on All in the Family (1973–74) (earlier episodes as neighbor Jim Bowman and later as a part of a swinger couple) and J. Edgar Hoover in the miniseries Kennedy (1983). He was featured in an episode of Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea titled "Escape From Venice". In addition, Gardenia gave memorable performances in popular TV shows such as The Twilight Zone, Mission: Impossible, Mannix, Ironside, The Big Valley and The Fugitive.
In 1972, Gardenia appeared in season 3, episode 13 of Kojak "A House of Prayer, a Den of Thieves" where he portrayed Vince LaGuardia, a former NYC police detective and close friend and colleague of Lt. Kojak's, but now living and working in Las Vegas. The characters and storyline were a test for audience response with the goal of selling this as a pilot for a new series starring Gardenia. The pilot was not picked up by CBS.

## Death

In December 1992, Gardenia was in Philadelphia to perform in the stage production of the Tom Dulack comedy Breaking Legs. He was beginning a three-week run as restaurant owner Lou Graziano in the off-Broadway hit at the Forrest Theatre. It was a role he had performed since the show's New York City opening in May 1991.
Around 1 a.m. on December 9, 1992, hours after the final preview performance, Gardenia had returned to his hotel room after dining with stage director John Tillinger, producer Elliot Martin and cast members. According to Martin, Gardenia showed no signs of illness, adding, "It was just a jolly evening." According to authorities, when Gardenia failed to appear the next morning for a radio interview to promote the play's run, press representative Irene Gandy and cast member Vince Viverito became alarmed. When they arrived at Gardenia's hotel room, there was no answer. The hotel sent an engineer who opened the door and Gardenia was discovered dead of a heart attack, dressed and clutching the telephone. He was 72.
That evening, in the theatrical tradition of "the show must go on" and just hours after Gardenia's death, the play's official opening took place. The company dedicated its opening performance to Gardenia's memory. Harry Guardino assumed Gardenia's role as the restaurant owner.
Gardenia never married or had children. He was survived by his younger brother, Ralph Frank Scognamiglio (September 30, 1925 – January 31, 2018). A section of 16th Avenue in the Bensonhurst neighborhood of Brooklyn, where he resided until his death, bears the honorary name of Vincent Gardenia Boulevard in his honor.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1945 | The House on 92nd Street | German spy trainee | Uncredited |
| 1958 | Cop Hater | Danny Gimp | |
| 1960 | Murder, Inc. | Lawyer Laslo | |
| 1961 | Parrish | Bit part | Uncredited |
| 1961 | Mad Dog Coll | Dutch Schultz | |
| 1961 | The Hustler | Bartender | |
| 1962 | A View from the Bridge | Liperi | |
| 1965 | The Third Day | Preston | |
| 1970 | Jenny | Mr. Marsh | |
| 1970 | Where's Poppa? | Coach Williams | |
| 1971 | Little Murders | Carol Newquist | |
| 1971 | Cold Turkey | Mayor Quincey L. Wappler | |
| 1972 | Hickey & Boggs | Papadakis | |
| 1973 | Bang the Drum Slowly | Dutch Schnell | Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor |
| 1973 | Lucky Luciano | Colonel Charles Poletti | |
| 1974 | Death Wish | Det. Frank Ochoa | |
| 1974 | The Front Page | Sheriff Pete Hartmann | |
| 1975 | The Manchu Eagle Murder Caper Mystery | Big Daddy Jessup | |
| 1975 | La banca di Monate | Santino Paleari | |
| 1976 | House of Pleasure for Women | Mr. Chips | |
| 1976 | The Big Racket | Pepe | |
| 1976 | Luna di miele in tre | Frankie, the journalist | |
| 1977 | Fire Sale | Benny Fikus | |
| 1977 | Greased Lightning | Sheriff Cotton | |
| 1978 | Heaven Can Wait | Det. Lt. Krim | |
| 1979 | Firepower | Frank Hull | |
| 1979 | Home Movies | Doctor Byrd | |
| 1979 | Sensitività | Old painter | |
| 1979 | Goldie and the Boxer | Diamond | |
| 1979 | That's Life | | |
| 1980 | The Dream Merchants | Peter Kessler | |
| 1980 | The Last Flight of Noah's Ark | Stoney | |
| 1982 | Death Wish II | Det. Frank Ochoa | |
| 1983 | Odd Squad | General Brigg | |
| 1985 | Movers & Shakers | Saul Gritz | |
| 1986 | Little Shop of Horrors | Mr. Mushnik | |
| 1987 | Moonstruck | Cosmo Castorini | Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor |
| 1988 | Cheeeese | Bonjour | |
| 1988 | Cavalli si nasce | Il Principe | |
| 1989 | Skin Deep | Barny the Barkeeper | |
| 1991 | The Super | Big Lou Kritski | (final film role) |

## Television

Some of Gardenia's many television appearances include:
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 1954 | Studio One | Bailiff (uncredited) | Season 7, episode 1: "Twelve Angry Men" |
| 1955 | | 1st mover | Season 8, episode 2: "Three Empty Rooms" |
| 1957 | | Dick | Season 10, episode 1: "The Night America Trembled" |
| 1958 | Decoy | Bull | Season1, episode 19 ("The Challenger") |
| 1961 | The Untouchables | Jake Petrie | Season 3, episode 1 ("The Troubleshooter") |
| 1965 | The Big Valley | John Sample | Season 1, episode 1 ("Palms of Glory") |
| 1965 | Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea | Bellini | Season 2, episode 5 ("Escape from Venice") |
| 1967 | The Fugitive | Capt. Bill Gibbs | Season 4, episode 20 ("There Goes the Ball Game") |
| 1967 | Mannix | Eddie Cortina | Season 1, episode 2 ("Skid Marks on a Dry Run") |
| 1967 | I Spy | Dr. Mellado | Season 2, episode 23 ("Get Thee to a Nunnery") |
| 1967 | The Big Valley | Briggs | Season 2, episode 17 ("Image of Yesterday") |
| 1967 | The Rat Patrol | Colonel Centis | Season 1, episode 27 ("Take Me to Your Leader Raid") |
| 1967 | The Monkees | Bruno | Season 1 episode 17 ("The Case of the Missing Monkee") |
| 1967 | Gunsmoke | Charles Shepherd | Season 12, episode 24 ("Noose of Gold") |
| 1967 | Mission: Impossible | Vito Lugana | Season 2, episodes 11 & 12 ("The Council") |
| 1968 | Mission: Impossible | Lou Parma | Season 3, episodes 5 ("The Execution") |
| 1968 | Ironside | Roy Faber | Season 1, episode 22 ("Something for Nothing") |
| 1971 | McCloud | Barney Sweetwater | Season 2, episode 2 ("Top of the World, Ma!") |
| 1972 | The Rookies | Saul | Season 1, episode 8 ("Dirge for Sunday") |
| 1972 | Love American Style | Mr. Cooperman | Season 4, episode 4 ("Love and the Girlish Groom") |
| 1972 | Maude | Judge Motorman | Season 1, episode 6 ("The Ticket") |
| 1973–74 | All in the Family | Frank Lorenzo | Before being cast regularly as Frank Lorenzo in season 4, Gardenia had played neighbor Jim Bowman in a single episode of season 1 and swinger Curtis Rempley in a single episode of season 3. |
| 1975 | Kojak | Vince LaGuardia | Season 3, episode 13 ("A House of Prayer, a Den of Thieves") |
| 1977 | The Mary Tyler Moore Show | Frank Coleman | Season 7, episode 24 ("The Last Show") |
| 1980–81 | Breaking Away | Ray Stoller | Starring role (all 8 episodes) |
| 1985 | The Twilight Zone | Harry Faulk | Season 1, episode 3 ("Healer") |
| 1990 | L.A. Law | Murray Melman | 7 episodes |