OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles G. Helmick

Charles Gardiner Helmick (July 7, 1892 - December 19, 1991) was an American military officer who served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War.

## Early life and career

A military brat, Helmick was born at Fort Sherman, Idaho. His father, Major General Eli Alva Helmick (1863–1945) served as a commander in both the Spanish–American War and World War I.
Charles Helmick entered the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1909. After completing his studies, Helmick was unexpectedly commissioned in the United States Army, as a Second lieutenant. He saw service on the Mexican border before being sent to France with the 15th Field Artillery Regiment in 1918. After the war was over, Helmick served stateside on a number of Field Artillery posts.

## World War II

In June 1941, Helmick was transferred to the Army of the United States and assigned the rank of Colonel, serving as chief of the Budget Branch of the Department of War's General Staff. Later, he would serve as Artillery commander of the 35th Infantry Regiment.
In 1944, Helmick, now a Brigadier General, made artillery commander of V Corps and participated in the Battle of Normandy. He led the naval bombardment of Omaha Beach, allowing for shore batteries to be established by American troops. He then commanded V Corps on the Siegfried Line and during the Battle of the Bulge. On April 25, 1945, Helmick took part in the meeting between American and Soviet forces in Torgau on the Elbe River. The following day, Helmick and Major General Clarence Huebner of V Corps met with Red Army Generals Gleb Baklanov and Vladimir Rusakov.
Following the end of the war, Helmick was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal for "exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility as V Corps Artillery Commander during the campaigns of Ardennes, Rhineland, and Central Europe, December 1944 to May 1945."
After returning from Europe, Helmick became the commander of Fort George Meade. In 1948 he was called to South Korea by General John R. Hodge to partake in Operation Blacklist Forty as American military governor. During his tenure, Helmick oversaw the U.S. purchase of Japanese property in Korea to be sold to the Korean government of Syngman Rhee. He was the final American military governor of South Korea before full authority was transferred to Rhee's government. After returning from Korea, Helmick became a stateside commander of First Army forces, before retiring with the rank of Major General in 1952.

## Personal life and death

Helmick suffered from color blindness his entire life. In 1919 he married Leah Louise Stock (1892–1981), with whom he had 3 children. He died on December 19, 1991, aged 99.
# Ibrahim Shams

Ibrahim Hassanien Shams (Egyptian Arabic: ابراهيم شمس; January 16, 1917 – January 16, 2001) was an Egyptian weightlifter who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics and in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was born in Alexandria.
In 1936 he won the bronze medal in the featherweight class. Due to the start of World War II and cancellation of the Olympics in both 1940 and 1944, he was forced to wait until the 1948 Summer Olympics to prove himself again. He received a gold medal by lifting a total of 360 kg in the lightweight event. He was the second Egyptian to earn two Olympic medals, after Farid Simaika, who earned them in diving at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Shams was the first Egyptian to win two medals at two different Olympic tournaments.

## International success

* 1936, bronze medal, 1936 Berlin, Featherweight, with 300 kg, behind Anthony Terlazzo, USA, 312.5 kg and Saleh Soliman, Egypt, 305 kg.
* 1938, World Championships in Vienna, Lightweight, with three invalid attempts.
* 1946, 5 course, world championship in Paris, Featherweight, with 295 kg.
* 1948, Gold Medal, 1948 London, with 360 kg, behind Attia Hamouda, Egypt, with 360 kg but heavier and James Halliday, United Kingdom, with 340 kg.
* 1949, The World Cup in Cheveningen, lightweight, with 352.5 kg, behind Joe Pitman, USA, with 342.5 kg and Arvid Andersson, Sweden, with 322.5 kg.
* 1951, The World Cup in Milan, lightweight, with 342.5 kg, behind Joe Pitman, 337.5 kg and Ferdows, Iran with 327.5 kg.
* 1951, The Mediterranean Games in Alexandria, with 342.5 (95.0, 112.0, 135.0) kg, behind Ermanno Pignati, Italy, 307.5 (85.0, 100.0, 122.5) kg, and Bahjat Dalloul, Syria 300.0 (95.0, 95.5, 112.5) kg.
# Alessandro de Souza Ferreira

Alessandro Alberto de Souza Ferreira Berisso (born 23 March 1992) is a Peruvian sports shooter. He competed in the men's trap event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# David Reay

David S. Reay FRSGS is a climate change scientist, author, and professor of carbon management and education at the University of Edinburgh. He serves as co-chair of the Just Transition Commission, and served as executive director of the Edinburgh Climate Change Institute and policy director of ClimateXChange between January 2020 and January 2024.

## Education

Reay was educated at the University of Essex where he was awarded a PhD in 1999 for research on the utilisation of inorganic nitrogen by bacteria and microalgae.

## Research and career

Reay's research focuses on greenhouse gas fluxes and land use, including national and international research projects such as CarboEurope and NitroEurope, and research council-funded work through the UK's Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Reay's key peer reviewed publications include novel work on global carbon sinks, the soil methane sink, and nitrous oxide emissions from aquatic systems. His work on nitrous oxide featured in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports. In addition to his contributions to the understanding of greenhouse gas fluxes, Reay has written widely on climate change policy and society, particularly on individual and community action. He now advises the Scottish and UK Governments on climate action, especially around climate change skills and green jobs

### Climate change

Reay has authored several books on climate change, including the popular science books Climate-smart Food, Nitrogen and Climate Change, Climate Change Begins at Home published in 2005 by Macmillan and shortlisted for the Times Higher Young Academic Author of the Year Award, and Your Planet Needs You! published in 2009 by Macmillan Children's Books. He is also lead editor of Greenhouse Gas Sinks published in 2007 by CABI and creator and editor of the climate change science website Greenhouse Gas Online.

### Service and leadership

Reay chaired the Scottish Government's Climate Emergency Skills Implementation Group and the UK Climate Change Committee's Expert Advisory Panel on Workforce & Skills. He was also a member of the UK Government's Green Jobs Taskforce and was the creator of the award-winning Master of Science (MSc) course in carbon management at the University of Edinburgh.
He is very active in climate change knowledge exchange, both nationally and internationally, being a regular media commentator on climate change issues, advising on and appearing in the BBC's Can We Save Planet Earth Are We Changing Planet Earth? film with David Attenborough, and frequently providing expert evidence on climate change to select committees in the Westminster and Holyrood Parliaments. Knowledge exchange information, University of Edinburgh. His former doctoral students include Hannah Ritchie.
# Saint Paul Capisterre Parish

Saint Paul Capisterre is one of 14 administrative parishes that make up Saint Kitts and Nevis. It is the second smallest parish on St. Kitts, and third smallest in the federation. The parish capital is Saint Paul Capisterre Village.

## Land

The coastline of Saint Paul Capisterre is riddled with many small bays, with thin strands of stoney black volcanic sand. Sheer cliffs form an immediate backdrop to these beaches, lining the entire coast. The rough Atlantic Ocean pummels the shoreline, and thus all settlements in the parish are inland. Saint Paul Capisterre consists mostly of flat and gently sloping terrain, which is almost completely covered by abandoned sugar estates, with small farm holdings dotting in between. Further inland, where the terrain begins to rise sharply on the slopes of Mount Liamuiga, agricultural dominance gives way to lush tropical rain forests. This coupled with views of neighbouring Statia, Saba, St. Barths and St. Martin make it a very photogenic area.

## Villages

Capital – St. Paul Capisterre Village (St. Paul's)
Other Villages:
* Belmont Estate
* Cranston Estate
* Newton Ground
The parish consists of two large villages, Saint Paul Capisterre (St. Paul's) and Newton Ground, and their two subsidiary villages, Belmont Estate and Cranston Estate respectively. All settlements are inland. The village of St. Paul's is home to the former national leader, Dr. Denzil Llewellyn Douglas, and was also the hometown of the nation's first premier Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw.

## Economy

The parish of Saint Paul Capisterre is the most agricultural in the entire nation, its rich volcanic soils, gentle terrain and high rainfall all owing to its successes. The bulk of the population once toiled on the surrounding sugar cane estates, however, the local sugar industry was shut down in 2005, following plummeting world sugar prices and a growing national deficit. More residents from Saint Paul Capisterre were left unemployed than in any other parish. To ease the burden of unemployment, tracts of land have been leased and sold to former sugar workers and are now used to produce a wide variety of other produce. Tourism is also an industry in the parish. The Rawlin's Plantation Inn, in the parish's eastern interior, employs some local persons. There is a restaurant located at the inn as well as an atelier owned by British artist, carver, sculptor and weaver Kate Spencer. She also owns a display and shop in Basseterre. Her works include still life, watercolor prints St. Kitts/Nevis style, silk pareos and an array of souvenir material adorned with her colorful images. Belmont Estate, whose name graces the local Belmont Estate rum, is of cultural significance; home of the legend of 'The Bull' in local folklore. It is also the start point for hikes by Greg's Safari Tours and other thrill seeking companies.

## Future developments

To ease the burden of unemployment in the parish, major plans are in the future to develop a large hotel / villa complex on the foothills of Mount Liamuiga near the village of Saint Paul's.
# Obinkita

Obinkita is one of 19 villages of Arochukwu. It is thought to have been the capital of the northern Ibibio kingdom of Ibom before its supposed conquest by Igbo and Akpa invaders in 1690–1720. However, evidence suggests that it is simply a small town inhabited by descendants of assimilated Akpa peoples and that the actual capital of the old northern Ibibio kingdom alluded to remains within the confines of Ibibio territory in Ini local government of Akwa Ibom state. Nevertheless, Obinkita remains significant in Aro History. It is reported that all Aro villages assemble at Obinkita during the Ikeji festival.
# Creep (Mobb Deep song)

"Creep" is the fourth and final single by rap duo Mobb Deep, from their album Blood Money. The song features 50 Cent but the video accompanied with it was made and was not released. The B-side of the single is "It's Alright", featuring Mary J. Blige and 50 Cent.

## Track listing
### Side A

* "Creep" (Clean Version)
* "Creep" (Dirty Version)
* "Creep" (Instrumental)

### Side B

* "It's Alright" (Clean Version)
* "It's Alright" (Dirty Version)
* "It's Alright" (Instrumental)
# 2018 Boni attack

On June 9, 2018, jihadists from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin attacked Malian forces in the town of Boni, Mali.

## Prelude

Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin is a coalition of five jihadist groups that initially rebelled against the Malian government in 2012, before amalgamating in 2017 to form JNIM. Throughout 2018, the group spread across Mali, especially in Gao and Tombouctou regions.

## Attack

Jihadists attacked Boni from two points with motorcycles and pick-ups on the morning of June 22. Malian forces responded quickly, and the jihadists quickly fled to the northeast after a short skirmish. After the attack began, the Malian army dispatched a helicopter and sent reinforcements from Douentza. On the way, a vehicle hit a mine near the village of Dallah. According to the Malian army, the minelayers opened fire and three minelayers were killed in retaliation. However, this version of events was contested by Fulani association Tabital Pulaaku and the relatives of the victims, who affirmed that the three men killed were shepherds, including a seven-year-old child.
In a press release, the Malian army claimed three Malian soldiers were killed in the attack in Boni, and three were injured. AFP corroborated these statements.
# César Injoque

César Injoque (10 November 1898 – 10 September 1970) was a Peruvian sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m pistol event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Doron Ben-Ami

Doron Ben-Ami (born 1965; Hebrew: דורון בן עמי) is an Israeli archaeologist. Ben-Ami earned his PhD at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2003 where he was a member of the Institute of Archaeology as of 2009. He is the discoverer of the structure thought to be the palace of Queen Helena of Adiabene in the City of David, Jerusalem.
Since 2007, he has led the excavation in the Givati Parking Lot in the City of David, which is the largest, most comprehensive excavation in Jerusalem today, which has revealed important findings that contribute to understanding the history of the city.
# Cannon Hill railway station

Cannon Hill railway station is located on the Cleveland line in Queensland, Australia. The station serves the Brisbane suburb of Cannon Hill. It is listed on the Brisbane Heritage Register on 30 November 2012.
On 15 July 1996, the Fisherman Islands line to the Port of Brisbane opened to the north of the station.

## Services

Cannon Hill is served by Cleveland line services from Shorncliffe, Northgate, Doomben and Bowen Hills to Manly and Cleveland. Some services terminate at Platform 1: those that are part of a 15-minute service guarantee at peak hours, a system that was introduced in 2014 due to timetable remodeling commissioned by the Queensland State Government and undertaken by R.W. Singleton.

## Services by platform

| Platform | Line | Destinations | Notes |
| 1 | Cleveland | Manly & Cleveland | |
| 1 | Cleveland | Bowen Hills & Northgate | Weekdays only |
| 2 | Cleveland | Bowen Hills, Northgate, Doomben & Shorncliffe | |
# Debbie Gates

Debbie Gates is a UK television writer and producer. She specialised in children's stories told on location by actors taking the parts of various characters without costumes, make-up or props. She is best known for writing and producing Tales From Fat Tulip's Garden, broadcast by ITV in May and June, 1985. This series won prizes at the Chicago International Festival of Children's Films and the Children's Program at the San Francisco International Film Festival. It was followed by the sequel Fat Tulip Too (thirteen episodes shown during the summer of 1987) and then a Christmas special on 25 December 1987.
The Fat Tulip stories were told and co-written by Tony Robinson and included characters such as Thin Tim, Fred the Baddy, Gilbert Harding Sheep, Bunting Tadpole, Anwar and Amita Rabbit, Tracey Bee, a cockle called Jim Morrison, and the Terrible Stinkers - Peter, Paul and Mary. Spin-off books were also published in 1985: Meet a Dog Called Dorian and Never Eat a Tortoise in picture book format, and Tales from Fat Tulip's Garden as a paperback.
Gates' other series included:
* Gum Tree, cowritten and acted by Ben Keaton and broadcast in the spring of 1988 by Channel 4. The description for episode five: "In his new room at Gumtree House Mathew Milligan is searching for his socks. Unfortunately he opens the wrong box, and it contains Raj Mandi Gumbi Beans that are beginning to wake up..."
* Revolting Animals, written and told by Morwenna Banks, Chris England, Andy Taylor and Chris Lang. The program was shot on location at the London Zoo and shown in 1988.
* Jellyneck, written and told by Morwenna Banks, Chris England, Andy Taylor and Chris Lang. The program was shot on location and shown in 1989.
All these series were directed by Jeremy McCracken.
# Draško Mrvaljević

Draško Mrvaljević (born 17 November 1979) is a Montenegrin former handball player.

## Career

Over the course of his career that spanned more than two decades, Mrvaljević played for Lovćen (1997–2000), Sintelon (2000–2002), Teucro (2003–2005), Torrevieja (2005–2007), Koper (2007–2009), Frisch Auf Göppingen (2009–2012), Bregenz (2012–2013), GWD Minden (2013–2014), Hapoel Rishon LeZion (2014–2015), SG Pforzheim/Eutingen (2015–2016) and Maccabi Rehovot (2016–2018). He won two consecutive EHF Cup titles with Frisch Auf Göppingen.
At international level, Mrvaljević represented Montenegro at the 2008 European Men's Handball Championship and 2013 World Men's Handball Championship. He missed the 2014 European Men's Handball Championship due to an injury.

## Honours
### Frisch Auf Göppingen

* EHF Cup: 2010–11, 2011–12
# Milivoje Božović

Milivoje Božović (born 15 December 1985) is a Serbian professional basketball player for KK Budućnost Bijeljina of the First League of Republika Srpska.

## Career

He played with Belgrade clubs Lavovi 063, Mega Vizura and OKK Beograd before joining Hemofarm where he spent four seasons. In the summer of 2011 he signed with Budućnost Podgorica, but was released in November 2011. In December 2011, he signed with Sant'Antimo of the Legadue, for the rest of the season.
In January 2013, he returned to Serbia and signed with Borac Čačak. During the summer of 2013 he was on trial with Alba Berlin and Turów Zgorzelec, but did not signed. In November 2013, he returned to Borac Čačak, but after only one game he left them and signed with Vojvodina Srbijagas for the rest of the season.
In September 2014, he signed with SCM CSU Craiova in Romania. In 2020, Božović joined KK Čelik. He parted ways with the team on 6 December 2021. On 15 December, Božović signed with KK Budućnost Bijeljina of the First League of Republika Srpska.
# Vukota Pavić

Vukota Pavić (born February 3, 1993) is a Montenegrin professional basketball player, who lastly played for Mornar Bar of the Montenegrin League.

## Professional career

On November 16, 2016, Pavić signed for the rest of the season with the Montenegrin club Mornar Bar.
# Jiaolong (disambiguation)

Jiaolong is a dragon in Chinese mythology.
Jiaolong may also refer to:
* Jiaolong (submersible), Chinese crewed deep-sea research submersible
* Jiaolong (album), 2012 album by Daniel Snaith
* Jiao Lung Waterfall or Jiaolong Waterfall, tallest measured waterfall in Taiwan
* Jiaolong is a private city in Sichuan, China
* 7th Marine Brigade, more often known as "Jiaolong Commandos", the special operations unit of the PLANMC
# Hermann Boerner

Hermann Boerner, also written "Börner" (11 July 1906 – 3 June 1982) was a German mathematician who worked on variation calculus, complex analysis, and group representation theory.

## Publications

* Boerner Carathéodorys Eingang zur Variationsrechnung, Jahresbericht DMV 1953
* Boerner Variationsrechnung aus dem Stokesschen Satz, Mathematische Zeitschrift volume 46, 1940, page 709
* Boerner Über die Legendreschen Bedingungen und die Feldtheorie in der Variationsrechnung der mehrfachen Integrale, Mathem.Zeitschrift 1940, page 720
* Boerner Über die Extremalen und geodätischen Felder in der Variationsrechnung der mehrfachen Integrale, Mathematische Annalen volume 112, 1936, page 187
* Boerner Darstellungstheorie der endlichen Gruppen, Teubner 1967, Enzyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften
* Boerner, Hermann (1970). Representations of groups, with special consideration for the needs of modern physics. Translated by P. G. Murphy (Second ed.). North-Holland Publishing.
# Suneet Sharma

Suneet Sharma is the 2nd Chairman & Chief Executive Officer, Railway Board, Indian Railways and the ex-officio Principal Secretary to the Government of India. Sharma is a Central Government Engineer of IRSME cadre of the 1982 batch (SCRA of 1978 batch).

## Career

He was the General Manager of the Eastern Railway from September 2019 to December 2020. Sharma was the general manager of the Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli. He was the also the divisional railway manager of Pune in Central Railway and Chief Mechanical Engineer of Banaras Locomotive Works.
Sharma is credited for introducing various administrative reforms in the Railways, including simplification of the procedure for establishing new benchmarks.
He is credited for increasing the services of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network.

## Early life and education

Suneet Sharma is a graduate in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jamalpur. He had joined this institute as a Special Class Railway Apprentice when he was studying at IIT Kanpur.
He received his professional training in Germany and France and also completed an advanced leadership and management course at Carnegie Mellon University.
# Ba Đình Hall

The old National Assembly Building (Nhà Quốc hội), also Ba Đình Hall (Hội trường Ba Đình), was a public large building, located on Ba Đình Square across the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, in Hanoi, Vietnam. The building was used by the National Assembly of Vietnam for its sessions and other official functions. One of the architects was Nguyễn Cao Luyện (1907–1987, vi). The hall was demolished in 2008 to make room for a new parliament house. However archaeological remains of the old imperial city of Hanoi, Thăng Long, were found on the site and therefore the construction of a new building on the site was delayed. General Giáp, objected to the demolition of Ba Đình Hall.
# Max Ehrmann

Max Ehrmann (September 26, 1872 – September 9, 1945) was an American writer, poet, and attorney from Terre Haute, Indiana, widely known for his 1927 prose poem "Desiderata" (Latin: "things desired"). He often wrote on spiritual themes.

## Education

Ehrmann was of German descent; both his parents emigrated from Bavaria to the United States in the 1840s. Young Ehrmann was educated at the Terre Haute Fourth District School and the German Methodist Church.
He received a degree in English from DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, which he attended from 1890 to 1894. While there, he was a member of Delta Tau Delta's Beta Beta chapter and was editor of the school newspaper, Depauw Weekly.
Ehrmann then studied philosophy and law at Harvard University, where he was editor of Delta Tau Delta's national magazine The Rainbow, circa 1896.

## Professional life

Ehrmann returned to his hometown of Terre Haute, Indiana, in 1898 to practice law. He was a deputy state's attorney in Vigo County, Indiana, for two years. Subsequently, he worked in his family's meatpacking business and in the overalls manufacturing industry (Ehrmann Manufacturing Co.) At age 40, Ehrmann left the business to write. At age 55, he wrote Desiderata, which achieved fame only after his death.

## Legacy

Ehrmann was awarded Doctor of Letters honorary degree from DePauw University in about 1937. He was also elected to the Delta Tau Delta Distinguished Service Chapter, the fraternity's highest alumni award.
Ehrmann died in 1945 and is buried in Highland Lawn Cemetery in Terre Haute, Indiana.
In 2010 the city honored Ehrmann with a life-size bronze statue by sculptor Bill Wolfe. He is depicted sitting on a downtown bench, pen in hand, with a notebook in his lap. "Desiderata" is engraved on a plaque next to the statue and lines from the poem are embedded in the walkway. The sculpture is in the collection of Art Spaces, Inc. – Wabash Valley Outdoor Sculpture Collection. Art Spaces also holds an annual Max Ehrmann Poetry Competition.