# List of central banks

This is a list of central banks.

## Central banks by alphabetical order

This is a list of central banks. Countries that are only partially recognized internationally are marked with an asterisk (*).
| Country name | Currency | Central bank name | Native name | Establishment |
| Abkhazia* | Abkhazian Apsar | National Bank of the Republic of Abkhazia | Аԥсны Аҳәынҭқарра Амилаҭтә Банк / Национальный банк Республики Абхазия | 1991 |
| Afghanistan | Afghan afghani | Da Afghanistan Bank | بانک مرکزی افغانستان / د افغانستان بانک | 1939 |
| Albania | Albanian lek | Bank of Albania | Banka e Shqipërisë | 1925 |
| Algeria | Algerian dinar | Bank of Algeria | بنك الجزائر / Banque d'Algérie | 1962 |
| Andorra | Euro | No central bank; uses the euro as its domestic currency | | |
| Angola | Angolan kwanza | National Bank of Angola | Banco Nacional de Angola | 1926 |
| Anguilla | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Argentina | Argentine peso | Central Bank of Argentina | Banco Central de la República Argentina | 1935 |
| Armenia | Armenian dram | Central Bank of Armenia | Հայաստանի Կենտրոնական Բանկ | 1991 |
| Aruba | Aruban florin | Central Bank of Aruba | Centrale Bank van Aruba / Banco Central di Aruba | 1986 |
| Australia | Australian dollar | Reserve Bank of Australia | | 1960 |
| Austria | Euro | European Central Bank (Oesterreichische Nationalbank) | Oesterreichische Nationalbank | 1816 |
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijani manat | Central Bank of Azerbaijan | Azərbaycan Mərkəzi Bankı | 1992 |
| Bahamas | Bahamian dollar | Central Bank of The Bahamas | | 1974 |
| Bahrain | Bahraini dinar | Central Bank of Bahrain | مصرف البحرين المركزي | 1973 |
| Bangladesh | Bangladeshi taka | Bangladesh Bank | বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক | 1971 |
| Barbados | Barbadian dollar | Central Bank of Barbados | | 1972 |
| Belarus | Belarusian ruble | National Bank of the Republic of Belarus | Нацыянальны банк Рэспублікі Беларусь / Национальный банк Республики Беларусь | 1992 |
| Belgium | Euro | European Central Bank (National Bank of Belgium) | Nationale Bank van België / Banque nationale de Belgique / Belgische Nationalbank | 1850 |
| Belize | Belize dollar | Central Bank of Belize | | 1982 |
| Benin | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Bermuda | Bermudan dollar | Bermuda Monetary Authority | | 1969 |
| Bhutan | Bhutanese ngultrum | Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan | བྲུག་རྒྱལ་གཞུང་དངུལ་ལས་དབང་འཛིན་ | 1982 |
| Bolivia | Bolivian boliviano | Central Bank of Bolivia | Banco Central de Bolivia | 1928 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark | Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina | Centralna Banka Bosne i Hercegovine / Централна банка Босне и Херцеговине | 1997 |
| Botswana | Botswana pula | Bank of Botswana | Banka ya Botswana | 1975 |
| Brazil | Brazilian real | Central Bank of Brazil | Banco Central do Brasil | 1964 |
| Brunei | Brunei dollar | Brunei Darussalam Central Bank | Bank Pusat Brunei Darussalam | 2011 |
| Bulgaria | Bulgarian lev | Bulgarian National Bank | Българска народна банка | 1879 |
| Burkina Faso | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Burundi | Burundian franc | Bank of the Republic of Burundi | Banque de la République du Burundi / Ibanki ya Republika y'UBurundi | 1966 |
| Cambodia | Cambodian riel | National Bank of Cambodia | ធនាគារជាតិ នៃ កម្ពុជា | 1954 |
| Cameroon | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale | 1972 |
| Canada | Canadian dollar | Bank of Canada | Banque du Canada | 1935 |
| Cape Verde | Cape Verdean escudo | Bank of Cape Verde | Banco de Cabo Verde | 1975 |
| Cayman Islands | Cayman Islands dollar | Cayman Islands Monetary Authority | | 1997 |
| Central African Republic | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale | 1972 |
| Chad | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale / البنك المركزي لدول وسط إفريقيا | 1972 |
| Chile | Chilean peso | Central Bank of Chile | Banco Central de Chile | 1925 |
| China | Renminbi | People's Bank of China | 中国人民銀行 | 1948 |
| Colombia | Colombian peso | Bank of the Republic | Banco de la República | 1923 |
| Comoros | Comorian franc | Central Bank of the Comoros | Banque Centrale des Comores / البنك المركزي لجزر القمر | 1981 |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of | Congolese franc | Central Bank of the Congo | Banque Centrale du Congo | 1964 |
| Congo, Republic of | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale | 1972 |
| Costa Rica | Costa Rican colón | Central Bank of Costa Rica | Banco Central de Costa Rica | 1950 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Croatia | Euro | European Central Bank (Croatian National Bank) | Hrvatska narodna banka | 1990 |
| Cuba | Cuban peso | Central Bank of Cuba | Banco Central de Cuba | 1948 |
| Curaçao | Netherlands Antillean guilder | Central Bank of Curaçao and Sint Maarten | Centrale bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten / Banko Sentral di Kòrsou i Sint Maarten | 1828 |
| Cyprus | Euro | European Central Bank (Central Bank of Cyprus) | Κεντρική Τράπεζα της Κύπρου / Kıbrıs Merkez Bankası | 1963 |
| Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus* | Turkish lira | Central Bank of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası | 1983 |
| Czech Republic | Czech koruna | Czech National Bank | Česká národní banka | 1993 |
| Denmark | Danish krone | Danmarks Nationalbank | | 1818 |
| Djibouti | Djiboutian franc | Central Bank of Djibouti | Banque Centrale de Djibouti / البنك المركزي الجيبوتي | 1979 |
| Dominica | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Dominican Republic | Dominican peso | Central Bank of the Dominican Republic | Banco Central de la República Dominicana | 1947 |
| East Timor | United States dollar | East Timor Central Bank | Banco Central de Timor-Leste / Banku Sentrál Timór Lorosa'e | 2011 |
| Ecuador | United States dollar | Central Bank of Ecuador | Banco Central del Ecuador | 1927 |
| Egypt | Egyptian pound | Central Bank of Egypt | البنك المركزي المصري | 1961 |
| El Salvador | United States dollar | Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador | Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador | 1934 |
| Equatorial Guinea | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banco de los Estados de África Central / Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale / Banco dos Estados da África Central | 1972 |
| Eritrea | Eritrean nakfa | Bank of Eritrea | ባንክ ኤርትረ | 1993 |
| Estonia | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Estonia) | Eesti Pank | 1990 |
| Eswatini | Swazi lilangeni | Central Bank of Eswatini | Umntsholi Wemaswati | 1974 |
| Ethiopia | Ethiopian birr | National Bank of Ethiopia | የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ ባንክ | 1963 |
| Faroe Islands | Faroese króna | Danmarks Nationalbank | Danmarkar Tjóðarbanki | 1818 |
| Fiji | Fijian dollar | Reserve Bank of Fiji | Maroroi Baqe ni Viti | 1984 |
| Finland | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Finland) | Suomen Pankki / Finlands Bank | 1812 |
| France | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of France) | Banque de France | 1800 |
| Gabon | Central African CFA franc | Bank of Central African States | Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale | 1972 |
| The Gambia | Gambian dalasi | Central Bank of The Gambia | | 1971 |
| Germany | Euro | European Central Bank (Deutsche Bundesbank) | | 1957 |
| Georgia | Georgian lari | National Bank of Georgia | საქართველოს ეროვნული ბანკი | 1991 |
| Ghana | Ghanaian cedi | Bank of Ghana | | 1957 |
| Greece | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Greece) | Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος | 1928 |
| Grenada | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Greenland | Danish krone | Danmarks Nationalbank | Naalagaaffiup Aningaaseriviutaa | 1818 |
| Guatemala | Guatemalan quetzal | Bank of Guatemala | Banco de Guatemala | 1945 |
| Guinea | Guinean franc | Central Bank of the Republic of Guinea | Banque Centrale de la République de Guinée | 1960 |
| Guinea-Bissau | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banco Central dos Estados da África Ocidental | 1959 |
| Guyana | Guyanese dollar | Bank of Guyana | | 1965 |
| Haiti | Haitian gourde | Bank of the Republic of Haiti | Banque de la République d'Haïti / Bank Repiblik Ayiti | 1979 |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong dollar | Hong Kong Monetary Authority | 香港金融管理局 | 1993 |
| Honduras | Honduran lempira | Central Bank of Honduras | Banco Central de Honduras | 1950 |
| Hungary | Hungarian forint | Hungarian National Bank | Magyar Nemzeti Bank | 1924 |
| Iceland | Icelandic króna | Central Bank of Iceland | Seðlabanki Íslands | 1961 |
| India | Indian rupee | Reserve Bank of India | भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक | 1935 |
| Indonesia | Indonesian rupiah | Bank Indonesia | | 1953 |
| Iran | Iranian rial | Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran | بانک مرکزی ایران | 1960 |
| Iraq | Iraqi dinar | Central Bank of Iraq | البنك المركزي العراقي / بانکی ناوەندی عێراق | 1947 |
| Ireland | Euro | European Central Bank (Central Bank of Ireland) | Banc Ceannais na hÉireann | 1943 |
| Israel | Israeli new shekel | Bank of Israel | בנק ישראל / بنك إسرائيل | 1954 |
| Italy | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Italy) | Banca d'Italia | 1893 |
| Jamaica | Jamaican dollar | Bank of Jamaica | | 1961 |
| Japan | Japanese yen | Bank of Japan | 日本銀行 | 1882 |
| Jordan | Jordanian dinar | Central Bank of Jordan | البنك المركزي الاردني | 1964 |
| Kazakhstan | Kazakhstani tenge | National Bank of Kazakhstan | Қазақстан Ұлттық Банкі / Qazaqstan Ūlttyq Bankı / Национальный банк Казахстана | 1993 |
| Kenya | Kenyan shilling | Central Bank of Kenya | Benki Kuu ya Kenya | 1966 |
| Kiribati | Kiribati dollar | No central bank; uses the Australian dollar as its domestic currency | | |
| Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | North Korean won | Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 조선민주주의인민공화국중앙은행 | 1947 |
| Korea, Republic of | South Korean won | Bank of Korea | 한국은행 | 1950 |
| Kosovo* | Euro | Central Bank of Kosovo | Banka Qendrore e Republikës së Kosovës / Centralna banka Republike Kosova / Централна банка Републике Косова | 2008 |
| Kuwait | Kuwaiti dinar | Central Bank of Kuwait | بنك الكويت المركزي | 1969 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyzstani som | National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic | Кыргыз Республикасынын Улуттук банкы / Национальный банк Кыргызской Республики | 1991 |
| Laos | Lao kip | Bank of the Lao People's Democratic Republic | ທະນາຄານ ແຫ່ງ ສ. ປ. ປ. ລາວ | 1968 |
| Latvia | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Latvia) | Latvijas Banka | 1991 |
| Lebanon | Lebanese pound | Banque du Liban | مصرف لبنان | 1963 |
| Lesotho | Lesotho loti | Central Bank of Lesotho | Banka e Kholo ea Lesotho | 1978 |
| Liberia | Liberian dollar | Central Bank of Liberia | | 2000 |
| Libya | Libyan dinar | Central Bank of Libya | مصرف ليبيا المركزي | 1956 |
| Liechtenstein | Swiss franc | National Bank of Liechtenstein | Liechtensteinische Landesbank | 1861 |
| Lithuania | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Lithuania) | Lietuvos Bankas | 1990 |
| Luxembourg | Euro | European Central Bank (Central Bank of Luxembourg) | Banque centrale du Luxembourg / Luxemburger Zentralbank / Zentralbank vu Lëtzebuerg | 1998 |
| Macau | Macanese pataca | Monetary Authority of Macao | 澳門金融管理局 Autoridade Monetária de Macau | 1999 |
| Madagascar | Malagasy ariary | Central Bank of Madagascar | Banque Centrale de Madagascar / Banky Foiben'i Madagasikara | 1974 |
| Malawi | Malawian kwacha | Reserve Bank of Malawi | | 1964 |
| Malaysia | Malaysian ringgit | Central Bank of Malaysia | Bank Negara Malaysia | 1959 |
| Maldives | Maldivian rufiyaa | Maldives Monetary Authority | | 1981 |
| Mali | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Malta | Euro | European Central Bank (Central Bank of Malta) | Bank Ċentrali ta’ Malta | 1968 |
| Marshall Islands | United States dollar | No central bank; uses the United States dollar as its domestic currency | | |
| Mauritania | Mauritanian ouguiya | Central Bank of Mauritania | Banque Centrale de Mauritanie / البنك المركزي الموريتاني | 1973 |
| Mauritius | Mauritian rupee | Bank of Mauritius | Banque de Maurice | 1967 |
| Mexico | Mexican peso | Bank of Mexico | Banco de México | 1925 |
| Micronesia | United States dollar | No central bank; uses the United States dollar as its domestic currency | | |
| Moldova | Moldovan leu | National Bank of Moldova | Banca Națională a Moldovei | 1991 |
| Monaco | Euro | No central bank; uses the euro as its domestic currency | | |
| Mongolia | Mongolian tögrög | Bank of Mongolia | Монголбанк | 1924 |
| Montenegro | Euro | Central Bank of Montenegro | Centralna Banka Crne Gore / Централна Банка Црне Горе | 2001 |
| Montserrat | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Morocco | Moroccan dirham | Bank Al-Maghrib | بنك المغرب | 1959 |
| Mozambique | Mozambican metical | Bank of Mozambique | Banco de Moçambique | 1975 |
| Myanmar | Burmese kyat | Central Bank of Myanmar | မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်ဗဟိုဘဏ် | 1948 |
| Namibia | Namibian dollar | Bank of Namibia | | 1990 |
| Nauru | Australian dollar | No central bank; uses the Australian dollar as its domestic currency | | |
| Nepal | Nepalese rupee | Nepal Rastra Bank | नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंक | 1956 |
| Netherlands | Euro | European Central Bank (De Nederlandsche Bank) | | 1814 |
| New Caledonia | CFP franc | Overseas Issuing Institute as part of the CFP | Institut d'émission d'outre-mer | |
| New Zealand | New Zealand dollar | Reserve Bank of New Zealand | Te Pūtea Matua | 1934 |
| Nicaragua | Nicaraguan córdoba | Central Bank of Nicaragua | Banco Central de Nicaragua | 1960 |
| Niger | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Nigeria | Nigerian naira | Central Bank of Nigeria | Babban Bankin Najeriya / Ilé Ìfowópamọ́-àgbà tí Nàìjíríà | 1958 |
| North Macedonia | Macedonian denar | National Bank of North Macedonia | Народна банка на Република Северна Македонија / Banka Kombëtare e Republikës së Maqedonisë së Veriut | 1991 |
| Norway | Norwegian krone | Norges Bank | Noregs Bank / Norgga Báŋku | 1816 |
| Oman | Omani rial | Central Bank of Oman | البنك المركزي العماني | 1974 |
| Pakistan | Pakistani rupee | State Bank of Pakistan | بینک دولت پاکستان | 1948 |
| Palau | United States dollar | No central bank; uses the United States dollar as its domestic currency | | |
| Palestine* | | Palestine Monetary Authority | سلطة النقد الفلسطينية | 1994 |
| Panama | United States dollar | No central bank; uses the United States dollar as its domestic currency, and the Panamanian balboa pegged to the U.S. dollar | | |
| Papua New Guinea | Papua New Guinean kina | Bank of Papua New Guinea | Beng bilong Papua Niugini | 1973 |
| Paraguay | Paraguayan guaraní | Central Bank of Paraguay | Banco Central del Paraguay | 1952 |
| Peru | Peruvian sol | Central Reserve Bank of Peru | Banco Central de Reserva del Perú | 1922 |
| Philippines | Philippine peso | Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas | | 1949 |
| Poland | Polish złoty | National Bank of Poland | Narodowy Bank Polski | 1945 |
| French Polynesia | CFP franc | Overseas Issuing Institute | Institut d'émission d'outre-mer | |
| Portugal | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Portugal) | Banco de Portugal | 1846 |
| Qatar | Qatari riyal | Qatar Central Bank | مصرف قطر المركزي | 1973 |
| Romania | Romanian leu | National Bank of Romania | Banca Națională a României | 1880 |
| Russia | Russian ruble | Central Bank of Russia | Центральный банк Российской Федерации | 1990 |
| Rwanda | Rwandan franc | National Bank of Rwanda | Banque Nationale du Rwanda / Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda | 1964 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Saint Lucia | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Eastern Caribbean dollar | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank | | 1983 |
| Samoa | Samoan tālā | Central Bank of Samoa | Faletupe Tutotonu o Sāmoa | 1984 |
| San Marino | Euro | Central Bank of the Republic of San Marino | Banca Centrale della Repubblica di San Marino | 2005 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé and Príncipe dobra | Central Bank of São Tomé and Príncipe | Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe | 1975 |
| Saudi Arabia | Saudi riyal | Saudi Central Bank | البنك المركزي السعودي | 1952 |
| Senegal | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Serbia | Serbian dinar | National Bank of Serbia | Народна банка Србије / Narodna banka Srbije | 1884 |
| Seychelles | Seychellois rupee | Central Bank of Seychelles | Banque centrale des Seychelles / Labank santral Sesel | 1983 |
| Sierra Leone | Sierra Leonean leone | Bank of Sierra Leone | | 1963 |
| Singapore | Singapore dollar | Monetary Authority of Singapore | 新加坡金融管理局 / Penguasa Kewangan Singapura / சிங்கப்பூர் நாணய ஆணையம் | 1971 |
| Sint Maarten | Netherlands Antillean guilder | Central Bank of Curaçao and Sint Maarten | Centrale bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten | 1828 |
| Slovakia | Euro | European Central Bank (National Bank of Slovakia) | Národná banka Slovenska | 1993 |
| Slovenia | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Slovenia) | Banka Slovenije | 1991 |
| Solomon Islands | Solomon Islands dollar | Central Bank of Solomon Islands | | 1983 |
| Somalia | Somali shilling | Central Bank of Somalia | Bankiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya / البنك المركزي الصومالي | 1960 |
| Somaliland* | Somaliland shilling | Bank of Somaliland | Baanka Somaliland / البنك المركزي صوماليلاند | 1994 |
| South Africa | South African rand | South African Reserve Bank | iBhange-ngodla laseNingizimu Afrika / iBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi Afrika / Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank / Banka ya Risefe ya Afrika Borwa / Banka-kgolo ya Aforika Borwa / Banka ya Sesiu ya Afrika Borwa / Banginkulu ya Afrika-Dzonga / liBhangi lesiLulu leNingizimu Afrika / Bannga ya Vhukati ya Afurika Tshipembe / iBulungelo-mali eliKhulu leSewula Afrika | 1921 |
| South Ossetia* | | National Bank of the Republic of South Ossetia | Респуликӕ Хуссар Ирыстоны Националон банк / Национальный банк Республики Южная Осетия | 2013 |
| South Sudan | South Sudanese pound | Bank of South Sudan | | 2011 |
| Spain | Euro | European Central Bank (Bank of Spain) | Banco de España | 1782 |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Lankan rupee | Central Bank of Sri Lanka | ශ්‍රී ලංකා මහ බැංකුව / இலங்கை மத்திய வங்கி | 1950 |
| Sudan | Sudanese pound | Central Bank of Sudan | بنك السودان المركزي | 1960 |
| Suriname | Surinamese dollar | Central Bank of Suriname | Centrale Bank van Suriname | 1957 |
| Sweden | Swedish krona | Sveriges Riksbank | | 1668 |
| Switzerland | Swiss franc | Swiss National Bank | Schweizerische Nationalbank / Banque nationale suisse / Banca nazionale svizzera / Banca naziunala svizra | 1906 |
| Syria | Syrian pound | Central Bank of Syria | مصرف سورية المركزي | 1953 |
| Taiwan* | New Taiwan dollar | Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) | 中華民國中央銀行 | 1961 |
| Tajikistan | Tajikistani somoni | National Bank of Tajikistan | Бонки миллии Тоҷикистон / Национальный банк Таджикистана | 1991 |
| Tanzania | Tanzanian shilling | Bank of Tanzania | Benki Kuu ya Tanzania | 1965 |
| Thailand | Thai baht | Bank of Thailand | ธนาคารแห่งประเทศไทย | 1942 |
| Togo | West African CFA franc | Central Bank of West African States | Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | 1959 |
| Tonga | Tongan paʻanga | National Reserve Bank of Tonga | Pangikē Pule Fakafonua ʻo Tonga | 1989 |
| Transnistria* | | Transnistrian Republican Bank | Банка Републиканэ Нистрянэ / Приднестровский Республиканский Банк / Придністровський Республіканський Банк | 1992 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Trinidad and Tobago dollar | Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago | | 1964 |
| Tunisia | Tunisian dinar | Central Bank of Tunisia | البنك المركزي التونسي / Banque Centrale de Tunisie | 1958 |
| Turkey | Turkish lira | Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey | Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası | 1930 |
| Turkmenistan | Turkmen manat | Central Bank of Turkmenistan | Türkmenistanyň Merkezi Banky | 1991 |
| Tuvalu | Tuvaluan dollar | No central bank; uses the Australian dollar as its domestic currency, and the Tuvaluan dollar pegged to the Australian dollar | | |
| Uganda | Ugandan shilling | Bank of Uganda | Benki Kuu ya Uganda | 1966 |
| Ukraine | Hryvnia | National Bank of Ukraine | Національний банк України | 1991 |
| United Arab Emirates | Emirati dirham | Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates | مصرف الإمارات العربية المتحدة المركزي | 1980 |
| United Kingdom | Sterling | Bank of England | | 1694 |
| United States | United States dollar | Federal Reserve | | 1913 |
| Uruguay | Uruguayan peso | Central Bank of Uruguay | Banco Central del Uruguay | 1967 |
| Uzbekistan | Uzbekistani soum | Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan | O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Banki / Ўзбекистон Республикаси Марказий Банки | 1991 |
| Vanuatu | Vanuatu vatu | Reserve Bank of Vanuatu | Reserve Bank blong Vanuatu | 1981 |
| Venezuela | Venezuelan bolívar | Central Bank of Venezuela | Banco Central de Venezuela | 1939 |
| Vietnam | Vietnamese đồng | State Bank of Vietnam | Ngân hàng nhà nước Việt Nam | 1951 |
| Wallis and Futuna | CFP franc | Overseas Issuing Institute as part of the CFP | Institut d'émission d'outre-mer | |
| Yemen | Yemeni rial | Central Bank of Yemen | البنك المركزي اليمني | 1971 |
| Zambia | Zambian kwacha | Bank of Zambia | | 1964 |
| Zimbabwe | | Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe | | 1964 |

## Major central banks by currency allocation percentage of worldwide foreign exchange reserves

Source: World Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves, International Monetary Fund
| Country name | Central bank name | Currency | Currency share percentage of global allocated reserves in Q4 2022 (%) | Central bank governor | Native name of central bank | Establishment |
| United States | Federal Reserve | United States dollar | 58.36 | Jerome Powell | | 1913 |
| European Union | European Central Bank | Euro | 20.47 | Christine Lagarde | | 1998 |
| Japan | Bank of Japan | Japanese yen | 5.51 | Kazuo Ueda | 日本銀行 / Nippon Ginkō | 1882 |
| United Kingdom | Bank of England | Pound sterling | 4.95 | Andrew Bailey | | 1694 |
| China | People's Bank of China | Renminbi | 2.69 | Pan Gongsheng | 中国人民銀行 / Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng | 1948 |
| Canada | Bank of Canada | Canadian dollar | 2.38 | Tiff Macklem | Banque du Canada | 1935 |
| Australia | Reserve Bank of Australia | Australian dollar | 1.96 | Michele Bullock | | 1960 |
| Switzerland | Swiss National Bank | Swiss franc | 0.23 | Thomas Jordan | Schweizerische Nationalbank / Banque Nationale Suisse / Banca Nazionale Svizzera / Banca Naziunala Svizra | 1906 |

## Former central banking jurisdictions

* City of Amsterdam – Bank of Amsterdam (1609–1791)
* City of Barcelona – Taula de canvi de Barcelona (1401–1714)
* British East Africa – East African Currency Board (1919–1966)
* Independent State of Croatia – Croatian State Bank [hr] (Hrvatska Državna Banka, 1941–1945)
* Czechoslovakia – National Bank of Czechoslovakia (1926–1939 and 1945–1950) and State Bank of Czechoslovakia (1950–1992)
* Free City of Frankfurt – Frankfurter Bank (1854–1875)
* Republic of Genoa – Bank of Saint George (1407–1805)
* German Democratic Republic – Deutsche Notenbank (1948–1968) and Staatsbank der DDR (1968–1990)
* Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg – Hamburger Bank (1619–1875)
* Korea under Japanese and American rule – Bank of Chōsen (1909–1950)
* Manchukuo – Central Bank of Manchou (1932–1945)
* General Government – Bank of Issue in Poland (1940–1945)
* Kingdom of Prussia – Prussian Royal Bank (1765–1846) and Bank of Prussia (1847–1875)
* Kingdom of Sardinia – Banca Nazionale negli Stati Sardi [it] (1849–1861), itself formed through the merger of Banca di Genova [it] (1846–1849) and Banca di Torino (1847–1849)
* South Vietnam – National Bank of Vietnam (1954–1975)
* Kingdom of the Two Sicilies – Banco di Napoli, under different names from 1463 to final end of central banking role in 1926
* Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Banca di Firenze (1816–1893), renamed National Tuscan Bank [it] from 1857
* Soviet Union – People's Bank (1917–1922) and Gosbank (1922–1991)
* Republic of Venice – Banco del Giro (1524–1806)
* Yugoslavia – National Bank of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1920–1929), National Bank of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1941), and National Bank of Yugoslavia (1946-2003)