OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Městec Králové

Městec Králové (Czech pronunciation:; German: Königstädtel) is a town in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,900 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Městec Králové consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Městec Králové (2,649)
* Nový (59)
* Vinice (86)

## Etymology

The name means "small town of the King". The original name of the town was Královo Městce, later it changed to Králův Městec and then to the current form.

## Geography

Městec Králové is located about 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Nymburk and 54 km (34 mi) east of Prague. It lies in the Central Elbe Table. The highest point is a place called Kostelíček at 241 m (791 ft) above sea level. The stream Štítarský potok flows through the municipal territory.

## History

Městec Králové was established as a walled town on the road from Hradec Králové to Prague in the 13th century.
According to legends, Queen Kunigunde, the wife of King Wenceslaus I, was returning from Červený Hradec (today Hradec Králové) to Prague and abruptly gave birth to Ottokar II, the most powerful king of the Přemyslid dynasty, in Městec Králové. Ottokar II rewarded his assumed birthplace by a lion on its coats of arms and some privileges reserved for royal towns.
The town was almost destroyed during the Thirty Years' War and by large fires in 1680, 1746, 1776 and 1792.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 2,628 | — |
| 1880 | 2,908 | +10.7% |
| 1890 | 2,899 | −0.3% |
| 1900 | 2,823 | −2.6% |
| 1910 | 3,002 | +6.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 3,292 | +9.7% |
| 1930 | 3,444 | +4.6% |
| 1950 | 3,098 | −10.0% |
| 1961 | 3,095 | −0.1% |
| 1970 | 2,925 | −5.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 2,973 | +1.6% |
| 1991 | 3,022 | +1.6% |
| 2001 | 2,920 | −3.4% |
| 2011 | 2,829 | −3.1% |
| 2021 | 2,794 | −1.2% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

Městec Králové is the terminus and start of a railway line from/to Chlumec nad Cidlinou.

## Sights

The main landmark of Městec Králové is the Church of Saint Margaret. It was built in 1793, after a fire in 1792 burned down the old building. In the 19th century, the church was repaired and the Romanesque tower was added.
Among the most valuable buildings is the town hall, built in 1799.

## Notable people

* Ottokar II of Bohemia (1233–1278), King of Bohemia
* František Xaver Pokorný (1729–1794), composer and violinist
* Karel Kněžourek (1857–1920), naturalist
* Otakar Zich (1879–1934), composer and aesthetician
* Karel Schulz (1899–1943), writer
* Ivan Hašek (born 1963), football player and manager
* Aleš Hruška (born 1985), footballer
* Bořek Dočkal (born 1988), footballer
# Dreibelbis Mill

Dreibelbis Mill /draɪbəlbɪs/ is a historic grist mill located in Perry Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. The mill was built in 1854, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, brick building on a banked stone basement. The mill remained in operation until 1985. After 1944, it was powered by a diesel engine.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

## Gallery

* West side
* East side
* Millrace
# Sound Gruney

For other islands with similar names, see Gruney (disambiguation)
Sound Gruney is one of the Shetland islands. It lies about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) north of Hamars Ness on Fetlar, south of Unst, and to the east of Yell.

## Geography

Gruney means a "green island", and "sound" refers to the strait. Sound Gruney's maximum elevation is about 9 metres (30 ft) above sea level.
Daaey is to the south east, and Urie Lingey to the east. The latter is 1 km north of Urie Ness on Fetlar, hence the name. Wedder Holm, south of Uyea, is to the north east.
# Paul Sika

Paul Sika is an Ivorian fashion and advertising photographer/creative director/artist, who was born on 7 January 1985, in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
He studied software engineering at University of Westminster, United Kingdom between 2003 and 2007 and became a freelance photographer in 2008. In 2009 he was awarded a Chinua Achebe Center Fellowship.
His works consist of the vibrant views of Africa in Technicolor- saturation, they are in general oversaturated color shots. In his works; he creates carefully staged environments using actors.
When he discovered American artist Andy Warhol; he referred to himself as Warhol's grandson. He said ""When I saw LaChapelle's work, I thought, this is amazing. How can someone have such imagination? And when you go back in history, David LaChappelle was mentored by Andy Warhol. So it was more of the artistic-father thing, that's why I referred to myself as Andy Warhol's grandson."
As CNN World wrote; "Ivorian artist Paul Sika is no ordinary photographer. His "one-frame films" are eye-catching explosions of color, falling somewhere between cinema and photography. The influence of the big screen is obvious in Sika's photographs, which resemble stills from an ultra-stylish, slightly surreal movie shot in glorious Technicolor."

## Exhibitions

* November 2008 Galerie Le Lab, Abidjan
* October 2009 Chinua Achebe Center, New York
# Pradeep Kumar Panigrahy

Pradeep Kumar Panigrahy (born 3 April 1963) is an Indian politician from Gopalpur, Odisha. He was elected as a Member of Parliament from Berhampur Lok Sabha constituency. He belongs to Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Dreibelbis Station Bridge

The Dreibelbis Station Bridge /draɪbəlbɪs/ is a 172-foot-long (52 m) Burr arch truss covered bridge spanning Maiden Creek between Windsor Township and Greenwich Township, south of Lenhartsville in Berks County, Pennsylvania. The bridge was built in 1869 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 23, 1981.
# Gnuszyn

Gnuszyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chrzypsko Wielkie, within Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Chrzypsko Wielkie, 28 km (17 mi) east of Międzychód, and 49 km (30 mi) north-west of the regional capital Poznań.
# 1940 Battersea North by-election

The 1940 Battersea North by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 17 April 1940 for the British House of Commons constituency of Battersea North in the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea.
The seat had become vacant on the resignation due to ill-health of the constituency's Labour Member of Parliament (MP), William Sanders. He had held the seat since the 1929 general election, with a four-year gap after his defeat in the National landslide at the 1931 general election. He was re-elected at the 1935 election.

## Candidates

The Labour Party selected as its candidate Francis Douglas, a former solicitor. In keeping with a war-time electoral pact, the Conservative and Liberal parties did not field candidates, and Douglas's only opponent was E.C. Joyce, who stood as an anti-war Independent candidate. Joyce received the backing of the Communist Party.

## Results

On a considerably reduced turnout, Douglas held the seat for Labour with a majority of 9,156 votes; Joyce won just 7.4% of the votes cast, thus forfeiting his deposit.
Douglas would go on to hold the seat against Conservative opposition at the 1945 general election, until resigning in 1946 to take up the post of Governor of Malta, precipitating another by-election in the constituency.

## Votes

Battersea North by-election, 1940 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Francis Douglas | 9,947 | 92.6 | +33.9 |
| | Independent | E.C. Joyce | 791 | 7.4 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 9,156 | 85.2 | +67.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,738 | 25.1 | −38.4 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | N/A | |
1935 general election: Battersea North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | William Sanders | 17,596 | 58.7 | +23.1 |
| | Conservative | Arthur Marsden | 12,393 | 41.3 | −14.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,203 | 17.4 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 29,989 | 63.5 | −4.1 |
| | Labour gain from Conservative | Labour gain from Conservative | Swing | +18.6 | |
# Miss Universo Italia 2007

The Miss Universo Italia 2007 pageant was held on April 21, 2007. The chosen winner represented Italy at the Miss Universe 2007.

## Results

* Miss Universo Italia 2007 : Valentina Massi
# Anita Subhadarshini

Anita Subhadarshini is an Indian politician from Polasara, Orissa. She was elected as a Member of Parliament from Aska Lok Sabha constituency. She belongs to Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Wolfgang Stöhr

Wolfgang Stöhr (born August 26, 1946) was an East German ski jumper who competed from 1966 to 1971. He finished seventh in the individual large hill event at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble.
Stöhr's best individual finish was eighth in the individual normal hill event in Austria in 1968.
# Drinker's Court

The Drinker's Court, also known as Bandbox Court Houses, is located in the Society Hill section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The houses were built in 1764 by John Drinker (1716–1787), father of noted American portrait artist John Drinker (1760–1826).
They were added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 27, 1971.
# 2017 Meethotamulla landslide

The Meethotamulla landslide was a garbage landslide of a section of the large dump at Meethotamulla in the Colombo District of Sri Lanka.

## Landslide

In the morning hours of Sinhalese New Year on 14 April 2017, a large section of the Meethoramulla garbage dump (also sometimes called the Meethotamulla Garbage Mountain) collapsed on surrounding houses. Following the disaster, President Maithripala Sirisena requested the Sri Lanka Armed Forces, Police, and the Disaster Management Centre to provide assistance and relief to the victims.
As per the Disaster Management Centre on 20 April 2017, the landslide caused 32 deaths with 8 more missing, and affected a total of 1,765 people. Following the landslide, Minister Harsha de Silva stated that the garbage dump of 750–1,200 t (1,650,000–2,650,000 lb) daily would be stopped and diverted to two alternative sites, while also highlighting that the Meethotamulla Waste-to-Energy Power Station was only announced a few weeks before the landslide. The 21-acre (85,000 m$^2$) garbage dump site reached a height of 48.5 m (159 ft) before collapsing.

## Investigation

President Maithripala Sirisena appointed a Presidential Commission of Inquiry headed Justice Dr. Chandradasa Nanayakkara, a retired Judge of the Court of Appeal on 26 April 2017. The commission released a report on 26 October 2017. The report found then Colombo Municipal Commissioner V. K. A. Anura failed to take "necessary action to avert the garbage dump collapse despite he being informed by the officials on the looming threat well in advance". Anura was removed from office early 2018 based on the recommendation of the Presidential Commission.
The Auditor General issued a report in May 2018 on an audit carried out by his department on the matter, which found the Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) responsible for the death of 32 people and for the damage caused to properties as a result of the collapse of the Meethotamulla garbage dump. It found the CMC responsible for not properly disposing waste and not properly carrying out payment of compensation for the effected. It was further revealed that the CMC continued to dump waste at the site even after a court order prevented it in 2009. The report recommended that the Municipal Ordinance be amended and proper waste management processes be implemented.
# Gogolice, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Gogolice is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Wronki, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Joern Meissner

Joern Meissner (born c. 1970) is a German academic, business consultant, entrepreneur and Professor of Supply Chain Management & Pricing Strategy at Kühne Logistics University in Hamburg.

## Biography

Meissner received MA in Business Management in 1997 at the University of Hamburg, and his Ph.D. in Management Science in 2005 from the Columbia Business School under the supervision of Professors Awi Federgruen and Costis Maglaras.
He is a current lecturer in the Management Science Department at the Lancaster University Management School and also lectures at the University of Hamburg and the University of Manheim, and has taught at Handelshochschule Leipzig (the Leipzig Graduate School of Management).
Meisser hold the position of Professor of Supply Chain Management & Pricing Strategy at Kuehne Logistics University in Hamburg. Prof. Meissner is active in the area of Supply Chain Management, Dynamic Pricing, and Revenue Management.
He is the founder of Manhattan Review, a multi-national test prep, MBA admissions consulting, and career training company.

## Work

Meissner has been published in various journals including Manufacturing and Service Operations Management (MSOM); Operations Research; Naval Research Logistics; European Journal of Operational Research, and written several book chapters.
He has also been featured in BusinessWeek for Manhattan Review’s Communications Bootcamp with Columbia Business School. Newsweek, The Independent, The Times, Handelsblatt and Frankfurt Allgemeine Zeitung have also quoted Prof. Meissner regarding the GMAT and MBA admissions.
His paper “Dynamic pricing strategies for multiproduct revenue management problem," jointly written with Costis Maglaras, was a finalist in the MSOM Best Paper award 2009. He frequently advises companies ranging from Fortune 500 companies to emerging start-ups on various issues related to his research.

## Publications

* Maglaras, Constantinos, and Joern Meissner. "Dynamic pricing strategies for multiproduct revenue management problems." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 8.2 (2006): 136-148.
* Federgruen, Awi, Joern Meissner, and Michal Tzur. "Progressive interval heuristics for multi-item capacitated lot-sizing problems." Operations Research 55.3 (2007): 490-502.
* Meissner, Joern, and Arne Strauss. "Network revenue management with inventory-sensitive bid prices and customer choice." European Journal of Operational Research 216.2 (2012): 459-468.
# Rhapsody in Two Languages

Rhapsody in Two Languages is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Gordon Sparling and released in 1934. The most famous film in the Canadian Cameo Series of short documentaries, the film is a portrait of life in the bilingual and bicultural city of Montreal during the Great Depression era.
Considered a city symphony film, it is set predominantly to a musical score by composer Howard Fogg, although it features small snippets of narration by Corey Thomson.

## Content and main themes

Following the introduction to the film, the opening sequence of milk receival parallels the ending as it brings viewers through a full day in Montreal. The film starts off showing a typical morning routine of waking up, getting dressed, and preparing breakfast. Following this, a montage depicts the rush of commuting to work. This portion is accompanied with scenes that describe the motivations of going to work and explores the context of such motivation in terms of working amongst others. This leads into the climax of the piece where the daily components of the stock market and work day are shown. As the piece moves on from the climax, the scene changes to focus on the constant moving of people into and out of the city. Then finally to end the piece, the night of Montreal comes to life as people are shown enjoying drinks, dance, and music.

## Historical context

The film premiered on April 21, 1934, at the Palace Theatre in Montreal. Contrary to the period that the piece is set in, never once in the storyline is there an indication of the negative impacts of the Great Depression. This is due to the intended purpose of a lighthearted and enjoyable watching experience for the Canadian Cameo Series. However, the film does in some ways indirectly show a sense of urgency for the situation. For instance, the dilemma of an increasing population size in the context of an era of financial instability.

## Reception

The film was received positively in Canada, indicating a representative portrayal. The film was selected for inclusion in Canada On Screen, the Toronto International Film Festival's special retrospective program on the history of Canadian cinema which was staged in 2017 as part of Canada 150. Interestingly, the intended audience of Rhapsody in Two Languages was middle-class Canadians and foreigners. This is supported by the fact that there is a lack of French dubbing of the films in the series even though French-Canadians are included as characters. When French versions were made, they were not made with the intention of better representation, but rather for the purposes of commercial success. At the time, this poor French representation was accepted because of the general Canadian attitude towards them.
# Durga Charan Tanti

Durga Charan Tanti is an Indian politician.

## Career

He was elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly from Raghunathpali as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Helioceratops

Helioceratops is a genus of herbivorous neoceratopsian dinosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of China.

## Discovery and naming

In 2000 and 2002, at the Liufangzi site of China's eastern Jilin province, excavations took place during which the jaws were found of a ceratopsian new to science.
The type species Helioceratops brachygnathus was named and described in 2009 by Jin Liyong, Chen Jun, Zan Shuqin and Pascal Godefroit. The generic name means "sun horned face" from the Greek helios, "sun", keras, "horn" and ops, "face". The reference is that the Sun rises in the East and ceratopsians also "rose" in the East; i.e. they originated in the Orient. The name also refers to a close relationship with Auroraceratops, the "dawn ceratopian". The specific name means "short jaw" from the Greek βραχύς, brachys and γνάθος, gnathos, in reference to the distinguishing short lower jaw.
Helioceratops was discovered in a layer of the Quantou Formation, dating from the Albian-Cenomanian at the boundary between the Early Cretaceous and the Late Cretaceous, about a hundred million years old. It is known from its holotype JLUM L0204-Y-3, a dentary of the right lower jaw. The paratype is specimen JLUM L0204-Y-4, a left maxilla of the upper jaw. Both fossils were discovered at a close distance from each other and indicate animals of about the same size; however, it could not be proven they belonged to a single individual.

## Description

Helioceratops was a relatively small animal. In 2010, Gregory S. Paul estimated a length of 1.3 m (4.3 ft) and a weight of twenty kilogrammes.
The describing authors established three distinguishing traits. They are autapomorphies, unique derived qualities, in this case relative to all other neoceratopsians. The ramus or horizontal branch of the dentary is deep and short, the tooth row being but 60% longer than its maximal height. The facet of the front dentary contacting the lower process of the predentary is steeply inclined under an angle of 130° with the underside edge of the dentary. On the lower jaw teeth, the denticles and secondary vertical ridges are grouped asymmetrically relative to the primary ridge, with up to nine secondary ridges in front (mesial) of the main ridge and four secondary rides at it rear (distal).
The number of teeth in the upper jaws is unknown. The lower jaws bear ten to eleven teeth. Their front teeth are relatively small, with a triangular cross-section. The rear teeth are larger and ovate in section, a derived trait.

## Phylogeny

Helioceratops was placed in the Neoceratopsia, in a moderately basal position, outside of the Coronosauria. Its close relationship to the latter clade would indicate its origin in Asia.

## Paleoecology

Helioceratops was a herbivore. It may have shared its habitat with Changchunsaurus.
# Dritt Mansion

Dritt Mansion, named after its longest occupants, and also called Pleasant Garden, and current home to the Zimmerman Center for Heritage, is a historic home located at Lower Windsor Township, York County, Pennsylvania. It was built about 1758, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, fieldstone dwelling. It measures 50 feet (15.2 m) long and 40 (12.2 m) feet wide, with a cedar-shingled gable roof. The house has remained virtually unchanged since its construction. The land the house is on was first granted by Lord Baltimore to Thomas Cresap in 1729, who operated a ferry here and claimed the area for Maryland. Cresap was arrested in 1736 and driven away after skirmishes known as "Cresap's War"—a dispute finally resolved in 1784 when the Mason–Dixon line was established. Today the home plays host to Heritage Area offices and programs and the Visions of the Susquehanna River Art Collection.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
# Dowlow Works

Dowlow Works is a quarry in High Peak, Derbyshire near the village of Earl Sterndale. The quarry has been in operation since 1899, and has extracting permissions until 2046. It produces agricultural lime, crushed rock, white limestone and associated asphalt products.
The works are situated close to the former Ashbourne Line and Cromford and High Peak Railway, which were closed in the 1950s and 1960s. There were once passenger and workmen trains that stopped at Dowlow Halt but in the 21st century, only a stub of the line from Buxton to Hurdlow remains in use. The rest of the line is now the High Peak Trail.
# Gola, Gostyń County

Gola is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gostyń, within Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Gostyń and 58 km (36 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
# Joe Worrall (referee)

Joseph Bertram Worrall (born 21 October 1945) is an English former football referee, who operated in the Football League and for FIFA. He comes from Warrington in Lancashire, and has the distinction of having refereed both of the major club competition Finals in England.

## Career

Worrall took up refereeing in 1964, at the age of 19, officiating in the Warrington and District Football League. He eventually progressed to the Cheshire County League. He was appointed a Football League linesman in 1973, a supplementary referee two years later and one year later gained promotion to the full Referees List in 1976 at the age of only thirty.
He was appointed as a FIFA referee in 1981, serving the world body for 11 years until 1991, when he had to step down due to age restrictions.
He was given control of the first of his two major domestic competition Finals on 24 April 1988, when Luton Town defeated Arsenal by three goals to two at Wembley in the League Cup final of that year. Worrall awarded Arsenal a penalty in the last ten minutes, with the score at 2–1 to the 'Gunners', but Nigel Winterburn failed to convert it.
On 20 May 1989, he stepped out again at Wembley to take charge of the FA Cup final between Liverpool and Everton, which finished 3–2 to Liverpool after extra time, the scores being tied at 1-1 after 90 minutes.
Worrall was the referee for the 1992 European Championships qualifier between Italy and Hungary at the Stadio Arechi, Salerno, on 1 May 1991. Italy were the victors by 3–1.
His last appointment on the FIFA list, and his highest international honour, was to referee the 1992 UEFA Cup final first leg at the Stadio Delle Alpi on 29 April 1992 between Torino of Italy and Ajax of the Netherlands. The score from that match was 2-2, but after a 0–0 draw in the second leg in Amsterdam, Ajax were declared winners on away goals.

## Retirement

He was appointed as one of the first Premier League referees in 1992. He reached the standard retirement age at the end of the 1993–1994 season but was granted a one-year extension as a result of his strong performances. He retired from refereeing at the end of the 1994–1995 season. However, he continued his involvement in the game by becoming a referees' assessor and match delegate.