# 1952 United States Senate elections

The 1952 United States Senate elections was an election for the United States Senate which coincided with the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower to the presidency by a large margin. The 32 Senate seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and three special elections were held to fill vacancies. The Republicans took control of the Senate by managing to make a net gain of two seats. However, Wayne Morse (R-OR) became an independent forcing Republicans to rely on Vice President Richard Nixon's tie-breaking vote, although Republicans maintained a 48–47–1 plurality. Wayne Morse would caucus with the Republicans at the start of Congress’ second session on January 6, 1954 to allow the GOP to remain in control of the Senate. This was the third time, as well as second consecutive, in which a sitting Senate leader lost his seat.
The 1952 United States Senate elections marked a significant shift in power, with the Republicans gaining control of the Senate by making a net gain of two seats.
This was the last time the Senate changed hands in a presidential election year until 1980 and the last time the Republicans won control of the Senate until 1980. As of 2024, this is the last time both houses simultaneously changed hands in a presidential year.

## Results summary

| 47 | 49 |
| Democratic | Republican |
Colored shading indicates party with largest share of that row.
| Parties | Parties | | | | Total |
| Parties | Parties | Democratic | Republican | Other | Total |
| Last elections (1950) Before these elections | Last elections (1950) Before these elections | 49 | 47 | 0 | 96 |
| Not up | Not up | 35 | 26 | 0 | 61 |
| Up | Up | 14 | 21 | — | 35 |
| | Class 1 (1946→1952) | 13 | 19 | — | 32 |
| | Special: Class 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
| | Special: Class 3 | 0 | 1 | — | 1 |
| Incumbent retired | Incumbent retired | 2 | 2 | — | 4 |
| | Held by same party | 1 | 2 | — | 3 |
| | Replaced by other party | 1 Democrat replaced by 1 Republican | 1 Democrat replaced by 1 Republican | — | 1 |
| | Result | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
| Incumbent ran | Incumbent ran | 12 | 19 | — | 31 |
| | Won re-election | 6 | 14 | — | 20 |
| | Lost re-election | 4 Republicans replaced by 4 Democrats 5 Democrats replaced by 5 Republicans | 4 Republicans replaced by 4 Democrats 5 Democrats replaced by 5 Republicans | — | 9 |
| | Lost renomination but held by same party | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
| | Result | 11 | 20 | 0 | 31 |
| Total elected | Total elected | 12 | 23 | 0 | 35 |
| Net change | Net change | 2 | 2 | | 2 |
| Nationwide vote | Nationwide vote | 21,236,793 | 24,665,569 | 1,534,837 | 47,437,199 |
| | Share | 44.77% | 52.00% | 3.24% | 100% |
| Result | Result | 47 | 49 | 0 | 96 |
Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives

## Gains, losses and holds
### Retirements

One Republican and one Democrat retired instead of seeking re-election. One Republican and one Democrat also retired instead of finishing the unexpired term.
| State | Senator | Replaced by |
| Connecticut (special) | William A. Purtell | Prescott Bush |
| Maryland | Herbert O'Conor | J. Glenn Beall |
| Nebraska (special) | Fred A. Seaton | Dwight Griswold |
| Texas | Tom Connally | Price Daniel |

### Defeats

Four Republicans and five Democrats sought re-election, and one Republican and one Democrat also sought election to run to finish the unexpired term or in the six-year term but lost in the primary or general election.
| State | Senator | Replaced by |
| Arizona | Ernest McFarland | Barry Goldwater |
| Connecticut (regular) | William Benton | William A. Purtell |
| Kentucky (special) | Thomas R. Underwood | John Sherman Cooper |
| Maine | Owen Brewster | Frederick G. Payne |
| Massachusetts | Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. | John F. Kennedy |
| Michigan | Blair Moody | Charles E. Potter |
| Missouri | James P. Kem | Stuart Symington |
| Montana | Zales Ecton | Mike Mansfield |
| Tennessee | Kenneth McKellar | Albert Gore Sr. |
| Washington | Harry P. Cain | Henry M. Jackson |
| Wyoming | Joseph C. O'Mahoney | Frank A. Barrett |

### Post-election changes

| State | Senator | Replaced by |
| Oregon | Wayne Morse | Wayne Morse |
| Nebraska (Class 1) | Hugh A. Butler | Samuel W. Reynolds |
| Nebraska (Class 2) | Dwight Griswold | Eva Bowring |
| Nevada | Pat McCarran | Ernest S. Brown |
| New Hampshire | Charles W. Tobey | Robert W. Upton |
| North Carolina (Class 2) | Willis Smith | Alton Lennon |
| North Carolina (Class 3) | Clyde R. Hoey | Sam Ervin |
| Ohio | Robert A. Taft | Thomas A. Burke |
| South Carolina | Burnet R. Maybank | Charles E. Daniel |
| Wyoming | Lester C. Hunt | Edward D. Crippa |

## Change in composition
### Before the elections

Going into the November elections.
| | | D$_1$ | D$_2$ | D$_3$ | D$_4$ | D$_5$ | D$_6$ | D$_7$ | D$_8$ |
| D$_{18}$ | D$_{17}$ | D$_{16}$ | D$_{15}$ | D$_{14}$ | D$_{13}$ | D$_{12}$ | D$_{11}$ | D$_{10}$ | D$_9$ |
| D$_{19}$ | D$_{20}$ | D$_{21}$ | D$_{22}$ | D$_{23}$ | D$_{24}$ | D$_{25}$ | D$_{26}$ | D$_{27}$ | D$_{28}$ |
| D$_{38}$ Fla. Ran | D$_{37}$ Conn. (reg) Ran | D$_{36}$ Ariz. Ran | D$_{35}$ | D$_{34}$ | D$_{33}$ | D$_{32}$ | D$_{31}$ | D$_{30}$ | D$_{29}$ |
| D$_{39}$ Ky. (sp) Ran | D$_{40}$ Md. Ran | D$_{41}$ Mich. (sp) Mich. (reg) Ran | D$_{42}$ Miss. Ran | D$_{43}$ N.M. Ran | D$_{44}$ R.I. Ran | D$_{45}$ Tenn. Ran | D$_{46}$ Texas Retired | D$_{47}$ Va. Ran | D$_{48}$ W.Va. Ran |
| Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | Majority → | D$_{49}$ Wyo. Ran |
| R$_{39}$ N.J. Ran | R$_{40}$ N.Y. Ran | R$_{41}$ N.D. Ran | R$_{42}$ Ohio Ran | R$_{43}$ Pa. Ran | R$_{44}$ Utah Ran | R$_{45}$ Vt. Ran | R$_{46}$ Wash. Ran | R$_{47}$ Wis. Ran | D$_{49}$ Wyo. Ran |
| R$_{38}$ Nev. Ran | R$_{37}$ Neb. (sp) Retired | R$_{36}$ Neb. (reg) Ran | R$_{35}$ Mont. Ran | R$_{34}$ Mo. Ran | R$_{33}$ Minn. Ran | R$_{32}$ Mass. Ran | R$_{31}$ Maine Ran | R$_{30}$ Ind. Ran | R$_{29}$ Del. Ran |
| R$_{19}$ | R$_{20}$ | R$_{21}$ | R$_{22}$ | R$_{23}$ | R$_{24}$ | R$_{25}$ | R$_{26}$ | R$_{27}$ Calif. Ran | R$_{28}$ Conn. (sp) Retired |
| R$_{18}$ | R$_{17}$ | R$_{16}$ | R$_{15}$ | R$_{14}$ | R$_{13}$ | R$_{12}$ | R$_{11}$ | R$_{10}$ | R$_9$ |
| | | R$_1$ | R$_2$ | R$_3$ | R$_4$ | R$_5$ | R$_6$ | R$_7$ | R$_8$ |

### Results of the elections

| | | D$_1$ | D$_2$ | D$_3$ | D$_4$ | D$_5$ | D$_6$ | D$_7$ | D$_8$ |
| D$_{18}$ | D$_{17}$ | D$_{16}$ | D$_{15}$ | D$_{14}$ | D$_{13}$ | D$_{12}$ | D$_{11}$ | D$_{10}$ | D$_9$ |
| D$_{19}$ | D$_{20}$ | D$_{21}$ | D$_{22}$ | D$_{23}$ | D$_{24}$ | D$_{25}$ | D$_{26}$ | D$_{27}$ | D$_{28}$ |
| D$_{38}$ N.M. Re-elected | D$_{37}$ Miss. Re-elected | D$_{36}$ Fla. Re-elected | D$_{35}$ | D$_{34}$ | D$_{33}$ | D$_{32}$ | D$_{31}$ | D$_{30}$ | D$_{29}$ |
| D$_{39}$ R.I. Re-elected | D$_{40}$ Tenn. Hold | D$_{41}$ Texas Hold | D$_{42}$ Va. Re-elected | D$_{43}$ W.Va. Re-elected | D$_{44}$ Mass. Gain | D$_{45}$ Mo. Gain | D$_{46}$ Mont. Gain | D$_{47}$ Wash. Gain | R$_{49}$ Wyo. Gain |
| R$_{49}$ Wyo. Gain |||||||||
| R$_{39}$ Ohio Re-elected | R$_{40}$ Pa. Re-elected | R$_{41}$ Utah Re-elected | R$_{42}$ Vt. Re-elected | R$_{43}$ Wis. Re-elected | R$_{44}$ Ariz. Gain | R$_{45}$ Conn. (reg) Gain | R$_{46}$ Ky. (sp) Gain | R$_{47}$ Md. Gain | R$_{48}$ Mich. (sp) Mich. (reg) Gain |
| R$_{38}$ N.D. Re-elected | R$_{37}$ N.Y. Re-elected | R$_{36}$ N.J. Re-elected | R$_{35}$ Nev. Re-elected | R$_{34}$ Neb. (sp) Hold | R$_{33}$ Neb. (reg) Re-elected | R$_{32}$ Minn. Re-elected | R$_{31}$ Maine Hold | R$_{30}$ Ind. Re-elected | R$_{29}$ Del. Re-elected |
| R$_{19}$ | R$_{20}$ | R$_{21}$ | R$_{22}$ | R$_{23}$ | R$_{24}$ | R$_{25}$ | R$_{26}$ | R$_{27}$ Calif. Re-elected | R$_{28}$ Conn. (sp) Hold |
| R$_{18}$ | R$_{17}$ | R$_{16}$ | R$_{15}$ | R$_{14}$ | R$_{13}$ | R$_{12}$ | R$_{11}$ | R$_{10}$ | R$_9$ |
| | | R$_1$ | R$_2$ | R$_3$ | R$_4$ | R$_5$ | R$_6$ | R$_7$ | R$_8$ |

### Beginning of the next Congress

| | | D$_1$ | D$_2$ | D$_3$ | D$_4$ | D$_5$ | D$_6$ | D$_7$ | D$_8$ |
| D$_{18}$ | D$_{17}$ | D$_{16}$ | D$_{15}$ | D$_{14}$ | D$_{13}$ | D$_{12}$ | D$_{11}$ | D$_{10}$ | D$_9$ |
| D$_{19}$ | D$_{20}$ | D$_{21}$ | D$_{22}$ | D$_{23}$ | D$_{24}$ | D$_{25}$ | D$_{26}$ | D$_{27}$ | D$_{28}$ |
| D$_{38}$ | D$_{37}$ | D$_{36}$ | D$_{35}$ | D$_{34}$ | D$_{33}$ | D$_{32}$ | D$_{31}$ | D$_{30}$ | D$_{29}$ |
| D$_{39}$ | D$_{40}$ | D$_{41}$ | D$_{42}$ | D$_{43}$ | D$_{44}$ | D$_{45}$ | D$_{46}$ | D$_{47}$ | I$_1$ Ore. Changed |
| Majority using VP's vote ↓ ||||||||||
| R$_{39}$ | R$_{40}$ | R$_{41}$ | R$_{42}$ | R$_{43}$ | R$_{44}$ | R$_{45}$ | R$_{46}$ | R$_{47}$ | R$_{48}$ |
| R$_{38}$ | R$_{37}$ | R$_{36}$ | R$_{35}$ | R$_{34}$ | R$_{33}$ | R$_{32}$ | R$_{31}$ | R$_{30}$ | R$_{29}$ |
| R$_{19}$ | R$_{20}$ | R$_{21}$ | R$_{22}$ | R$_{23}$ | R$_{24}$ | R$_{25}$ | R$_{26}$ | R$_{27}$ | R$_{28}$ |
| R$_{18}$ | R$_{17}$ | R$_{16}$ | R$_{15}$ | R$_{14}$ | R$_{13}$ | R$_{12}$ | R$_{11}$ | R$_{10}$ | R$_9$ |
| | | R$_1$ | R$_2$ | R$_3$ | R$_4$ | R$_5$ | R$_6$ | R$_7$ | R$_8$ |
| Key | D$_#$ Democratic I$_#$ Independent R$_#$ Republican |

## Race summaries
### Special elections during the 82nd Congress

In these special elections the winners were seated before January 3, 1953; ordered by election date, then state.
| State | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | Results | Candidates |
| State | Senator | Party | Electoral history | Results | Candidates |
| Connecticut (Class 3) | William A. Purtell | Republican | 1952 (Appointed) | Interim appointee retired to run for the Class 1 seat. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican hold. | ▌Y Prescott Bush (Republican) 51.2% ▌Abraham Ribicoff (Democratic) 48.5% |
| Kentucky (Class 2) | Thomas R. Underwood | Democratic | 1951 (Appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican gain. | ▌Y John Sherman Cooper (Republican) 51.5% ▌Thomas R. Underwood (Democratic) 48.5% |
| Michigan (Class 1) | Blair Moody | Democratic | 1951 (Appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican gain. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. | ▌Y Charles E. Potter (Republican) 51.2% ▌Blair Moody (Democratic) 48.7% |
| Nebraska (Class 2) | Fred A. Seaton | Republican | 1951 (Appointed) | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican hold. | ▌Y Dwight Griswold (Republican) 63.6% ▌William Ritchie (Democratic) 36.4% |

### Races leading to the 83rd Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on January 3, 1953; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | Results | Candidates |
| State | Senator | Party | Electoral history | Results | Candidates |
| Arizona | Ernest McFarland | Democratic | 1940 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain. | ▌Y Barry Goldwater (Republican) 51.3% ▌Ernest McFarland (Democratic) 48.7% |
| California | William Knowland | Republican | 1945 (Appointed) 1946 (special) 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Knowland (Republican) 87.7% ▌Reuben W. Borough (Ind. Progressive) 11.9% |
| Connecticut | William Benton | Democratic | 1949 (Appointed) 1950 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain. | ▌Y William A. Purtell (Republican) 52.5% ▌William Benton (Democratic) 44.4% |
| Delaware | John J. Williams | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John J. Williams (Republican) 54.5% ▌Alexis I. du Pont Bayard (Democratic) 45.5% |
| Florida | Spessard Holland | Democratic | 1946 (Appointed) 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Spessard Holland (Democratic) 99.8% |
| Indiana | William E. Jenner | Republican | 1944 (special) 1944 (Retired) 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William E. Jenner (Republican) 52.4% ▌Henry F. Schricker (Democratic) 46.8% |
| Maine | Owen Brewster | Republican | 1940 1946 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold. Incumbent resigned December 31, 1952. | ▌Y Frederick G. Payne (Republican) 58.7% ▌Roger P. Dube (Democratic) 34.9% ▌Earl S. Grant (Independent) 6.4% |
| Maryland | Herbert O'Conor | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican gain. | ▌Y J. Glenn Beall (Republican) 52.5% ▌George P. Mahoney (Democratic) 47.5% |
| Massachusetts | Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. | Republican | 1936 1942 1944 (Resigned) 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John F. Kennedy (Democratic) 51.4% ▌Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Republican) 48.4% |
| Michigan | Blair Moody | Democratic | 1951 (Appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected. Republican gain Winner was also elected to finish the term; see above. | ▌Y Charles E. Potter (Republican) 50.6% ▌Blair Moody (Democratic) 49.0% |
| Minnesota | Edward J. Thye | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Edward J. Thye (Republican) 56.6% ▌William E. Carlson (DFL) 42.5% |
| Mississippi | John C. Stennis | Democratic | 1947 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John C. Stennis (Democratic) Unopposed |
| Missouri | James P. Kem | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Stuart Symington (Democratic) 54.0% ▌James P. Kem (Republican) 45.9% |
| Montana | Zales Ecton | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Mike Mansfield (Democratic) 50.8% ▌Zales Ecton (Republican) 48.6% |
| Nebraska | Hugh A. Butler | Republican | 1940 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Hugh A. Butler (Republican) 69.1% ▌Stanley D. Long (Democratic) 27.8% |
| Nevada | George W. Malone | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George W. Malone (Republican) 51.7% ▌Thomas B. Mechling (Democratic) 48.3% |
| New Jersey | H. Alexander Smith | Republican | 1944 (special) 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y H. Alexander Smith (Republican) 55.5% ▌Archibald S. Alexander (Democratic) 43.6% |
| New Mexico | Dennis Chávez | Democratic | 1935 (Appointed) 1936 (special) 1940 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Dennis Chávez (Democratic) 51.1% ▌Patrick J. Hurley (Republican) 48.9% |
| New York | Irving Ives | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Irving Ives (Republican) 55.2% ▌John Cashmore (Democratic) 36.1% ▌George Counts (Liberal) 7.0% |
| North Dakota | William Langer | Republican | 1940 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Langer (Republican) 66.4% ▌Harold A. Morrison (Democratic) 23.3% ▌Fred G. Aandahl (Independent) 10.4% |
| Ohio | John W. Bricker | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John W. Bricker (Republican) 54.6% ▌Michael DiSalle (Democratic) 45.4% |
| Pennsylvania | Edward Martin | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Edward Martin (Republican) 51.6% ▌Guy K. Bard (Democratic) 48.0% |
| Rhode Island | John Pastore | Democratic | 1950 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Pastore (Democratic) 54.8% ▌Bayard Ewing (Republican) 45.2% |
| Tennessee | Kenneth McKellar | Democratic | 1916 1922 1928 1934 1940 1946 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Albert Gore Sr. (Democratic) 74.2% ▌Hobart F. Atkins (Republican) 20.9% |
| Texas | Tom Connally | Democratic | 1928 1934 1940 1946 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Price Daniel (Democratic) Unopposed |
| Utah | Arthur V. Watkins | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Arthur V. Watkins (Republican) 54.3% ▌Walter K. Granger (Democratic) 45.7% |
| Vermont | Ralph Flanders | Republican | 1946 (Appointed) 1946 (special) 1952 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Ralph Flanders (Republican) 72.3% ▌Allan R. Johnston (Democratic) 27.7% |
| Virginia | Harry F. Byrd | Democratic | 1933 (Appointed) 1933 (special) 1934 1940 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 73.4% ▌H. M. Vise Sr. (Independent) 12.7% ▌Clarke T. Robb (Independent) 12.4% |
| Washington | Harry P. Cain | Republican | 1946 1946 (Appointed) | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Henry M. Jackson (Democratic) 56.2% ▌Harry P. Cain (Republican) 43.5% |
| West Virginia | Harley M. Kilgore | Democratic | 1940 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Harley M. Kilgore (Democratic) 53.6% ▌Chapman Revercomb (Republican) 46.4% |
| Wisconsin | Joseph McCarthy | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Joseph McCarthy (Republican) 54.2% ▌Thomas E. Fairchild (Democratic) 45.6% |
| Wyoming | Joseph C. O'Mahoney | Democratic | 1933 (Appointed) 1934 1940 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain. | ▌Y Frank A. Barrett (Republican) 51.6% ▌Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Democratic) 48.4% |

## Closest races

Twenty races had a margin of victory under 10%:
| State | Party of winner | Margin |
| Michigan | Republican (flip) | 1.6% |
| Montana | Democratic (flip) | 2.19% |
| New Mexico | Democratic | 2.24% |
| Arizona | Republican (flip) | 2.6% |
| Connecticut (special) | Republican | 2.7% |
| Massachusetts | Democratic (flip) | 2.99% |
| Kentucky (special) | Republican (flip) | 3.0% |
| Wyoming | Republican (flip) | 3.2% |
| Nevada | Republican | 3.4% |
| Pennsylvania | Republican | 3.6% |
| Maryland | Republican (flip) | 5.0% |
| Indiana | Republican | 5.6% |
| West Virginia | Democratic | 7.2% |
| Missouri | Democratic (flip) | 8.05% |
| Connecticut | Republican (flip) | 8.12% |
| Utah | Republican | 8.52% |
| Wisconsin | Republican | 8.67% |
| Delaware | Republican | 9.0% |
| Ohio | Republican | 9.2% |
| Rhode Island | Democratic | 9.6% |

## Arizona

1952 United States Senate election in Arizona :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Barry Goldwater | 132,063 | 51.31 |
| | Democratic | Ernest McFarland (Incumbent) | 125,338 | 48.69 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,725 | 2.62 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 257,401 | 82.28 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## California

1952 United States Senate election in California :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Republican | William Knowland (Incumbent) | 3,982,448 | 87.79 | +33.69% |
| | Progressive | Reuben W. Borough | 542,270 | 11.95 | N/A |
| | Write-in | Helen Gahagan Douglas | 11,812 | 0.26 | N/A |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 4,536,530 | 100.00 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Swing | | |

## Connecticut

There were two elections on the same day due to the July 28, 1952 death of two-term Democrat Brien McMahon.
Republican businessman William Purtell was appointed August 29, 1952 to continue the class 3 term, pending a special election in which he was not a candidate. Purtell was already the Republican nominee in the regular election for the class 1 seat, a race he then won.

### Connecticut (special)

Connecticut special election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Prescott Bush | 559,465 | 51.17 |
| | Democratic | Abraham A. Ribicoff | 530,505 | 48.52 |
| | Socialist | William J. Taft | 3,298 | 0.30 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 28,960 | 2.65 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,093,268 | 54.47 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### Connecticut (regular)

Connecticut general election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | William A. Purtell | 573,854 | 52.48 |
| | Democratic | William Benton (Incumbent) | 485,066 | 44.36 |
| | Independent Republican | Vivien Kellems | 22,268 | 2.04 |
| | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 12,279 | 1.12 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 88,788 | 8.12 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,093,467 | |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## Delaware

1952 United States Senate election in Delaware :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | John J. Williams (Incumbent) | 93,020 | 54.49 |
| | Democratic | Alexis I. du Pont Bayard | 77,685 | 45.51 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 15,335 | 8.98 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 170,705 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Florida

General election results :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Spessard Holland (incumbent) | 616,665 | 99.82% |
| | | Write-ins | 1,135 | 0.18% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 617,800 | 100.00% |

## Indiana

1952 United States Senate election in Indiana :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | William E. Jenner (Incumbent) | 1,020,605 | 52.44 |
| | Democratic | Henry F. Schricker | 911,169 | 46.82 |
| | Prohibition | Carl W. Thompson | 12,734 | 0.65 |
| | Progressive | Carl Leon Eddy | 891 | 0.05 |
| | Socialist Labor | John Marion Morris | 719 | 0.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 109,436 | 5.62 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,946,118 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Kentucky (special)

1952 United States Senate special election in Kentucky :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | John Sherman Cooper | 494,576 | 51.51 |
| | Democratic | Thomas R. Underwood (incumbent) | 465,652 | 48.49 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 28,924 | 3.02 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 960,228 | |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## Maine

1952 United States Senate election in Maine :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Frederick G. Payne | 139,205 | 58.70 |
| | Democratic | Roger P. Dube | 82,665 | 34.86 |
| | Independent Democratic | Earl S. Grant | 15,294 | 6.45 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 56,540 | 23.84 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 237,164 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Maryland

1952 United States Senate election in Maryland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | J. Glenn Beall | 449,823 | 52.54 |
| | Democratic | George P. Mahoney | 406,370 | 47.46 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 43,453 | 5.08 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 856,193 | |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## Massachusetts

General election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | John F. Kennedy | 1,211,984 | 51.34 |
| | Republican | Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (Incumbent) | 1,141,247 | 48.35 |
| | Socialist Labor | Thelma Ingersoll | 4,683 | 0.20 |
| | Prohibition | Mark R. Shaw | 2,508 | 0.11 |
| | None | Scattering | 3 | 0.00 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 70,737 | 3.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,360,425 | |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

## Michigan

There were two elections to the same seat on the same day due to the April 18, 1951 death of five-term Republican Arthur Vandenberg. Democratic journalist Blair Moody was appointed April 23, 1951 to continue the term pending a special election. The primary elections were held August 5, 1952. Moody lost both the special and the regular elections to Republican congressman Charles E. Potter.

### Michigan (special)

Michigan special election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Charles E. Potter | 1,417,032 | 51.24 |
| | Democratic | Blair Moody (Incumbent) | 1,347,705 | 48.73 |
| | Socialist Workers | Genora Dollinger | 819 | 0.03 |
| | None | Scattering | 160 | 0.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 69,327 | 2.51 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,765,716 | 43.40 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

### Michigan (regular)

Michigan general election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Charles E. Potter | 1,428,352 | 50.63 |
| | Democratic | Blair Moody (Incumbent) | 1,383,416 | 49.04 |
| | Prohibition | LeRoy M. Lowell | 7,435 | 0.26 |
| | Socialist Labor | James Sim | 1,202 | 0.04 |
| | Socialist Workers | Genora Dollinger | 726 | 0.03 |
| | None | Scattering | 2 | 0.00 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 44,936 | 1.59 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,821,131 | 44.28 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## Minnesota

Minnesota election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Edward J. Thye (Incumbent) | 785,649 | 56.63 |
| | Democratic (DFL) | Bill Carlson | 590,011 | 42.53 |
| | Progressive | Marian LeSueur | 7,917 | 0.57 |
| | Socialist Workers | Vincent R. Dunne | 3,842 | 0.28 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 195,638 | 14.10 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,387,419 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Mississippi

1952 United States Senate election in Mississippi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | John C. Stennis (Incumbent) | 233,919 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## Missouri

1952 United States Senate election in Missouri :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Stuart Symington | 1,008,521 | 53.99 |
| | Republican | James P. Kem (Incumbent) | 858,170 | 45.94 |
| | Progressive | Haven P. Perkins | 883 | 0.05 |
| | Socialist | Joseph G. Hodges | 219 | 0.01 |
| | Christian Nationalist | Christian Frederick | 161 | 0.01 |
| | Socialist Labor | Henry W. Genck | 145 | 0.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 150,351 | 8.05 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,868,099 | |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

## Montana

1952 United States Senate election in Montana :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Mike Mansfield | 133,109 | 50.75 |
| | Republican | Zales N. Ecton (Incumbent) | 127,360 | 48.56 |
| | Progressive | Lawrence J. ‘Larry’ Price | 1,828 | 0.70 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,749 | 2.19 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 262,297 | |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

## Nebraska
### Nebraska (special)

1952 United States Senate special election in Nebraska :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Dwight Griswold | 369,841 | 63.57 |
| | Democratic | William Ritchie | 211,898 | 36.42 |
| | None | Scattering | 11 | <0.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 157,943 | 27.15 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 581,750 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### Nebraska (regular)

1952 United States Senate election in Nebraska :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Hugh Butler (Incumbent) | 408,971 | 69.11 |
| | Democratic | Stanley D. Long | 164,660 | 27.83 |
| | By Petition | Dwight Dell | 18,087 | 3.06 |
| | None | Scattering | 31 | 0.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 244,311 | 41.28 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 591,749 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Nevada

1952 United States Senate election in Nevada :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | George W. Malone (Incumbent) | 41,906 | 51.68 |
| | Democratic | Thomas B. Mechling | 39,184 | 48.32 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,722 | 3.36 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 81,090 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## New Jersey

1952 United States Senate election in New Jersey :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Howard Smith (Incumbent) | 1,286,782 | 55.51 |
| | Democratic | Archibald S. Alexander | 1,011,187 | 43.62 |
| | Progressive | Katharine A. Van Orden | 7,195 | 0.31 |
| | Prohibition | A. N. Smith | 6,815 | 0.29 |
| | Socialist Workers | George Breitman | 5,088 | 0.22 |
| | Socialist Labor | Albert Ronis | 1,165 | 0.05 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 275,595 | 11.89 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,318,232 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
As of 2020, this was the last time that Republicans have won the Class 1 U.S. Senate seat from New Jersey.

## New Mexico

1952 United States Senate election in New Mexico :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Dennis Chavez (Incumbent) | 122,543 | 51.12 |
| | Republican | Patrick J. Hurley | 117,168 | 48.88 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,375 | 2.24 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 239,711 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## New York

In New York, the Liberal State Committee met on August 28, and nominated Dr. George S. Counts, Professor of Education at Teachers College, Columbia University, for the U.S. Senate. The Republican State Committee re-nominated the incumbent U.S. senator Irving M. Ives. The Democratic State Committee met on August 28, and nominated Brooklyn Borough President John Cashmore for the U.S. Senate.
The Republican incumbent Ives was re-elected with the then largest plurality in state history.
New York election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Irving M. Ives (Incumbent) | 3,853,934 | 55.21 |
| | Democratic | John Cashmore | 2,521,736 | 36.13 |
| | Liberal | George S. Counts | 489,775 | 7.02 |
| | American Labor | Corliss Lamont | 104,702 | 1.50 |
| | Socialist Workers | Michael Bartell | 4,263 | 0.06 |
| | Socialist | Joseph S. Glass | 3,382 | 0.05 |
| | Industrial Government | Nathan Karp | 2,451 | 0.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,332,198 | 19.08 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,980,259 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## North Dakota

North Dakota election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | William Langer (Incumbent) | 157,907 | 66.35 |
| | Democratic | Harold A. Morrison | 55,347 | 23.26 |
| | Independent | Fred G. Aandahl (Write-in) | 24,741 | 10.40 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 102,560 | 43.09 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 204,635 | 38.41 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Ohio

1952 United States Senate election in Ohio :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | John W. Bricker (Incumbent) | 1,878,961 | 54.58 |
| | Democratic | Michael V. DiSalle | 1,563,330 | 45.42 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 295,631 | 9.16 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,442,291 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Pennsylvania

1952 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Edward Martin (Incumbent) | 2,331,034 | 51.58 |
| | Democratic | Guy Kurtz Bard | 2,168,546 | 47.98 |
| | Prohibition | Ira S. Sassaman | 12,150 | 0.27 |
| | Socialist | William J. Van Essen | 3,538 | 0.08 |
| | Militant Workers | Anna Chester | 2,258 | 0.05 |
| | Independent Government | Frank Knotek | 1,897 | 0.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 162,488 | 3.60 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 4,519,423 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Rhode Island

1952 United States Senate election in Rhode Island :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | John O. Pastore (Incumbent) | 225,128 | 54.78 |
| | Republican | Bayard Ewing | 185,850 | 45.22 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 39,278 | 9.56 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 410,978 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## Tennessee

Democratic primary, August 7, 1952 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Albert Gore Sr. | 334,957 | 56.54 |
| | Democratic | Kenneth D. McKellar (Incumbent) | 245,054 | 41.36 |
| | Democratic | John Randolph Neal Jr. | 7,181 | 1.21 |
| | Democratic | Herman H. Ross | 4,950 | 0.84 |
| | Democratic | James Patrick Sutton (Write-In) | 293 | 0.05 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 89,903 | 15.18 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | 18.00 |
1952 United States Senate election in Tennessee :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Albert Gore Sr. | 545,432 | 74.19 |
| | Republican | Hobart F. Atkins | 153,479 | 20.88 |
| | Independent | Richard M. Barber | 22,169 | 3.02 |
| | Good Government and Clean Elections | John Randolph Neal Jr. | 14,132 | 1.92 |
| | Write-in | Write-Ins | 7 | 0.00 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 391,953 | 53.31 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 735,219 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## Texas

Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Tom Connally did not run for re-election to a fifth term.
Attorney General Price Daniel won the open race to succeed him, defeating U.S. Representative Lindley Beckworth in the Democratic primary on July 26. Daniel was unopposed in the general election, as the Texas Republican Party chose to endorse the Democratic ticket for all but one statewide offices to maximize votes for their presidential nominee Dwight Eisenhower.
1952 United States Senate election in Texas :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Price Daniel | 1,425,007 | 75.19% | 13.32 |
| | Republican | Price Daniel | 469,594 | 24.78% | 13.29 |
| | Independent | Price Daniel | 591 | 0.03% | N/A |
| | Total | Price Daniel | 1,895,192 | 100.00% | N/A |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 1,895,192 | 100.00% |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## Utah

1952 United States Senate election in Utah :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Arthur V. Watkins (Incumbent) | 177,435 | 54.26 |
| | Democratic | Walter K. Granger | 149,598 | 45.74 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 27,837 | 8.52 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 327,033 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Vermont

United States Senate election in Vermont, 1952 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Ralph Flanders (Incumbent) | 111,406 | 72.3 |
| | Democratic | Allan R. Johnston | 42,630 | 27.7 |
| | N/A | Other | 16 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 154,052 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Virginia

1952 United States Senate election in Virginia :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Harry F. Byrd (Incumbent) | 398,677 | 73.35 | +8.51% |
| | Independent Democratic | H. M. Vise Sr. | 69,133 | 12.72 | +12.72% |
| | Social Democratic | Clarke T. Robb | 67,281 | 12.38 | +11.75% |
| | Write-in | | 8,425 | 1.55 | +1.54% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 329,544 | 60.63 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 543,516 | | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | | |

## Washington

1952 United States Senate election in Washington :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Henry M. Jackson | 595,288 | 56.23 |
| | Republican | Harry P. Cain (Incumbent) | 460,884 | 43.53 |
| | Progressive | Thomas C. Rabbitt | 1,912 | 0.18 |
| | Socialist Labor | Henry Killman | 651 | 0.06 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 134,404 | 12.70 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,058,735 | |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

## West Virginia

1952 United States Senate election in West Virginia :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Harley M. Kilgore (Incumbent) | 470,019 | 53.62 |
| | Republican | Chapman Revercomb | 406,554 | 46.38 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 63,465 | 7.24 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 876,573 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## Wisconsin

1952 United States Senate election in Wisconsin :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Joseph McCarthy (Incumbent) | 870,444 | 54.23 |
| | Democratic | Thomas E. Fairchild | 731,402 | 45.56 |
| | Independent | Alfred L. Easterday | 1,879 | 0.12 |
| | Independent | James E. Boulton | 1,442 | 0.09 |
| | None | Scattering | 61 | 0.00 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 139,042 | 8.67 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,605,228 | |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## Wyoming

1952 United States Senate election in Wyoming :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Frank A. Barrett | 67,176 | 51.64 |
| | Democratic | Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Incumbent) | 62,921 | 48.36 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,255 | 3.28 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 130,097 | |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |