OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ćuška massacre

The Ćuška massacre (Albanian: Masakra e Qyshkut, Serbian: Масакр у Ћушкој, romanized: Masakr u Ćuškoj) was the killing of 41 Kosovo Albanian civilians, all men aged 19 to 69, by Serbian security forces, the Yugoslav Army and paramilitaries on 14 May 1999 during the Kosovo War. On 13 March 2010, the Serbian war crimes prosecutor announced that nine men had been arrested for their role in the massacre and stated that a total of 26 men were under investigation for murder and theft at Ćuška.

## Background

Ćuška is a village close to the city of Peja. The village had 200 houses and about 2,000 residents, predominantly Albanians. In the early morning of May 14, 1999, Serbian security forces descended on the small village of Ćuška. Once there the women and children were separated from the men, private property was systematically stolen, and identification papers were destroyed. The forces then divided the men into three groups of about ten and taken into three separate houses, where they were gunned down with automatic weapons. Each of the houses were then set on fire. In each of the three houses, one man survived.
The motivation for the massacre at Ćuška remains unclear. Agim Çeku, a Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) commander, was a village native and his father who was residing there was killed in the massacre; however many from the Serb forces stated that his death was not the primary purpose of the attack.

## Court proceedings

On 13 March 2010 Serbian War crime prosecution office arrested nine members of paramilitary of the "Jackals" paramilitary group. Serbian War crime prosecution office has for now, launched investigation against 26 individuals for murder and theft at Cuska.
On 20 January 2012 a district court in Stockholm, Sweden sentenced Milić Martinović, a 34-year-old former Serb policeman, to lifetime imprisonment for his role in the massacre. Martinović, who was arrested in Sweden in April 2010, was ruled guilty of aggravated crimes against humanity, including murder, attempted murder and aggravated arson, in connection with the massacre, the Stockholm District Court said.
Martinović had been a member of the special PJP police force that entered Ćuška on 14 May 1999 in search of "terrorists". Armed and in uniform, he was among the troops who took a large number of people captive, killed 29 of the 40 people murdered there that day, attempted to kill three others, burned down houses and manhandled civilians, the court said in its judgment. The court documents describe how he repeatedly stood guard as his comrades shot and killed civilians and how he fired at the ground and forced residents to hand over gold and other valuables, but they do not show Martinović to have killed any victim. Newspaper reports in Sweden state he was expected to appeal the judgment.
# Keokuk National Cemetery

Keokuk National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Keokuk in Lee County, Iowa. It encompasses 22.7 acres (9.2 ha), and as of 2021, had over 6,000 interments. It is administered by Rock Island National Cemetery.

## History

Keokuk National Cemetery was created in a separate, donated plot of Oakland Cemetery during the American Civil War as a place to inter veterans who died in the five military hospitals in the area. By the end of the Civil War, the cemetery had the interments of over 600 Union soldiers, and 8 Confederate prisoners of war.
In 1908 when Fort Yates, North Dakota was abandoned, the remains in its post cemetery were moved to Keokuk National Cemetery. In 1948, another post cemetery, in Des Moines, Iowa, also had its remains moved to the National Cemetery.
Keokuk National Cemetery was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

## Notable monuments

The Unknown Soldiers monument was erected in 1912 by the Women's Corps of Keokuk in honor of 48 unknown soldiers buried at the cemetery. The monument is a large granite obelisk topped with the figure of a Union soldier standing at parade rest.
The American War Dads and Auxiliaries of Iowa erected a bronze wreath dedicated to Unknown Soldiers. Date of dedication is unknown.

## Notable interments

* Major General Samuel Ryan Curtis, American Civil War officer commanding, Battle of Pea Ridge, Battle of Westport.
* Private First Class John F. Thorson, Medal of Honor recipient for action in World War II.
* One Commonwealth war grave, of a Royal Canadian Air Force airman of World War II.
# Muncar

Muncar is a district (kecamatan) in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, Indonesia.
# Bootleg Fire

The Bootleg Fire, named after the nearby Bootleg Spring, was a large wildfire that started near Beatty, Oregon, on July 6, 2021. Before being fully contained on August 15, 2021, it had burned 413,765 acres (167,445 ha; 1,674 km$^2$; 647 sq mi). It is the third-largest fire in the history of Oregon since 1900. At the fire's fastest growth in mid July, it grew at about 1,000 acres (400 ha) per hour, and it became the second largest wildfire in the United States of the 2021 wildfire season.

## Events
### July

The Bootleg Fire was first reported on July 6, 2021, at around 1:42 pm PDT near Beatty, Oregon. The Bootleg Fire merged with the smaller Log Fire to the east on July 19, 2021.
As the Bootleg Fire burned east, it approached Mitchell Monument, a memorial to the only civilians killed in the 48 U.S. states during World War II. To protect the historic site, fire crews trimmed low-hanging tree branches and built a fire line around the monument site. They also wrapped the tree scarred by the Japanese balloon bomb explosion and the stone monument in a fire-resistant material similar to the material used for firefighters' emergency shelters. As a result, when the fire passed through the adjacent forest, the monument was undamaged.

### Cause

Lightning was the cause of the fire.

### Containment

The fire was 100% contained on August 15, 2021. At one point, over 2,200 personnel were fighting the fire.

## Impact
### Closures and evacuations

Several hundred square miles of southern Oregon, in Klamath and Lake counties, were under evacuation orders of various degrees of severity.

### Damage

A total of 408 buildings were destroyed by the fire, including 161 houses and 247 outbuildings. The fire also destroyed 342 vehicles. The historic Merritt Creek trestle along the OC&E Woods Line State Trail was also destroyed. Most of the burned forestland was owned by Green Diamond Resource Company, who had used the trees for carbon offsets. An estimated 4.2 million new seedlings are planned to be planted in the burn zone to offset the loss of the original trees.

### Weather

The fire contributed to haze across the United States and vivid red sunrises and sunsets as far away as Boston and New York City. Heat and smoke from the Bootleg Fire generated pyrocumulus and pyrocumulonimbus clouds, some reaching as high as 45,000 feet (14,000 m) and bringing lightning strikes and precipitation. There were reports of small fire whirls, and officials believed that at least one actual fire tornado formed in the southeastern portion of the fire on July 18.
# 929

Year 929 (CMXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* January 16 – Emir Abd al-Rahman III of Córdoba, Spain, proclaims himself caliph and creates the Caliphate of Córdoba. He breaks his allegiance to, and ties with, the Fatimid and Abbasid caliphs.
* February 3 – Guy, Margrave of Tuscany, second husband (third lover) of the Roman noblewoman Marozia, dies. He is succeeded by his brother Lambert as margrave of Tuscany.
* Early 929 – Siege of Gana: German king Henry the Fowler besieges Gana with an East Frankish army and conquers the stronghold. He establishes the fort of Meissen nearby.
* Early 929 – Henry the Fowler invades Bohemia from the north and marches on Prague. Duke Arnulf I of Bavaria invades Bohemia from the south. The Bohemians capitulate.
* Summer – The Slavic-Arab leader Sabir defeats a small Byzantine fleet and seizes Termoli (in Molise, on the Adriatic coast). He returns to Africa laden with booty and slaves.
* September 4 – Battle of Lenzen: Slavic forces (the Redarii and the Obotrites) are defeated by a Saxon army near the fortified stronghold of Lenzen (modern Germany).
* October 7 – Charles the Simple, former king of West Francia, dies in prison at Péronne, leaving Rudolph with no opposition except that of Herbert II, Count of Vermandois.

#### Asia

* Mpu Sindok, ruler of the Mataram Kingdom, moves his court from Central to East Java (modern Indonesia), probably after the eruption of Mount Merapi and/or invasion from Srivijaya.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Pope Leo VI dies at Rome after a 7-month reign. He is succeeded (probably handpicked–by Marozia from the Tusculani family) by Stephen VII as the 124th pope of the Catholic Church.

## Births

* September 29 – Qian Chu, king of Wuyue (d. 988)
* al-Ta'i', Abbasid caliph of Baghdad (d. 1003)
* Fujiwara no Kaneie, Japanese statesman (d. 990)
* Guo Zhongshu, Chinese painter (approximate date)
* Saigū no Nyōgo (Princess Kishi), Japanese waka poet (d. 985)
* William, archbishop of Mainz (d. 968)

## Deaths

* January 28 – Gao Jixing, founder of Chinese Jingnan (b. 858)
* February 3 – Guy ("the Philosopher"), margrave of Tuscany (Italy)
* February 12 – Leo VI, pope of the Catholic Church
* March 26 – Wang Du, Chinese warlord and governor (jiedushi)
* April 9 – Cui Xie, Chinese official and chancellor
* June 7 – Ælthryth, English princess and countess of Flanders (b. 877)
* Before August 16 – Sancho Ordóñez, king of Galicia (Spain)
* October 7 – Charles the Simple, Frankish king (b. 879)
* Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Ahmad al-Madhara'i, Abbasid fiscal director
* Abu'l-Musafir al-Fath, Sajid emir of Azerbaijan (Iran)
* Al-Batani, Muslim astronomer and mathematician
* Ashot II, king of Armenia (approximate date)
* Gao Yu, Chinese chief strategist
* Indra III, ruler of Rashtrakuta (India)
* Lothar I, Frankish nobleman (b. 902)
* Lothar II, Frankish nobleman (b. 874)
* Padla II, prince of Kakheti (Georgia)
* Thumal the Qahraman, Abbasid female judge
* Zhao Jingyi, Chinese general and governor
# Margeir Pétursson

Margeir Pétursson (born 15 February 1960) is an Icelandic banker and chess grandmaster. He founded MP Bank in 1999, and has owned Bank Lviv since 2006. He was Icelandic Chess Champion in 1986 and 1987, and Nordic Chess Champion in 1987.

## Chess career

Born in Reykjavík on 15 February 1960, Margeir earned his international master title in 1978 and grandmaster title in 1986. He won the Hastings Premier in January 1986 with a score of 9½/13. He won the Icelandic Chess Championship in 1986 and 1987, and won the Nordic Chess Championship in 1987. He competed in the July 1985 Interzonal, scoring 7/17; the 1990 Interzonal, scoring 6/13; and participated in the FIDE World Chess Championship 1998, where he was eliminated in the first round by Lembit Oll.
From 1976 to 1996, he played in eleven consecutive Chess Olympiads. His overall Olympiad score is 73/122 (+44–20=58). He also competed in two European Team Chess Championships (1992 and 2015), with an overall score of 7½/15 (+3–3=9); and one World Team Chess Championship (1993), scoring 4/7 (+2–1=4). In 2016, he participated in the 50+ group of the World Senior Team Chess Championship, scoring 6/8 (+4–0=4).
Margeir is the No. 6 ranked Icelandic player as of September 2020, with a rating of 2475.

## Business career

After eight years as a professional chess player, Margeir founded a securities company in 1999. This company lost money due to the dot-com crash but survived and in 2003 he converted it into an investment bank, naming it MP Bank after it obtained its commercial license. MP Bank was the only Icelandic commercial bank that did not crash during the financial crisis of 2007–08. It was sold to a group of Icelandic and foreign investors in 2011; as of 2015, Margeir is one of Iceland's wealthiest citizens.
In 2006, Margeir bought Bank Lviv, which is ranked 44th among the 88 Ukrainian banks in terms of assets as of October 2017. In February 2018, he acquired a 99.8% stake in the Lviv-based financial company Integral Investments.

## Personal life

In a 2016 interview with The Ukrainian Week, Margeir said he moved to Lviv in 2004 and has been living in the city permanently since 2011. He also stated that he is a supporter of the Icelandic Independence Party. A fluent speaker of Ukrainian, he acted as a translator for Heimir Hallgrímsson, manager of the Iceland national football team, during the Ukraine–Iceland game held on 5 September 2016 in Kyiv.
# Prem Tame

Prem Tame is a 2021 Bengali romance film directed and written by Anindya Chatterjee. It had a theatrical release on 12 February 2021.

## Cast

* Susmita Chatterjee as Raji
* Soumya Mukherjee as Pablo
* Sweta Mishra as Arshi
* Baisakhi Marjit
# Riegelsville Bridge

The Riegelsville Bridge is a suspension bridge crossing the Delaware River at Riegelsville, Pennsylvania, connecting it with Riegelsville, New Jersey, United States.

## History

Traffic across the Delaware River at Riegelsville, Pennsylvania, was handled by Wendel and Anthony Shenk's oar powered ferries until December 15, 1837, when a three-span, wooden covered bridge was opened to horse, wagon, and pedestrian use. The Pennsylvania and New Jersey legislatures had approved the formation of the private Riegelsville Delaware Bridge Corporation in 1835 and the company engaged Solon Chapin and James Madison Porter of Easton, Pennsylvania as the contractors. A major flood struck the Delaware Valley on January 8, 1841, just three years after the bridge opened, and the span nearest the Jersey shore was destroyed. The bridge was repaired and survived another flood in June 1862.
The "Pumpkin Flood" occurred on October 10, 1903, and the Delaware waters rose to 33.8 feet (10.3 m) above normal. The two spans nearest to New Jersey were quickly swept down the river. The third section collapsed soon after.
The wire rope and engineering firm of John A. Roebling's Sons Co., based in Trenton, New Jersey, were soon commissioned and replaced the covered bridge with a cable suspension bridge. This new bridge incorporated the original piers which were repaired and raised several feet, allowing it to survive major damage from the flood of 1936 and to come through a 1955 deluge relatively unscathed. Together, the three spans are 585 feet (178 m) in length and the final cost of construction was $30,000. It opened on April 18, 1904.
Roebling's original design for the bridge employed main cables 2+5⁄8 inches (7 cm) in diameter. Professor James Madison Porter III, the grandson of the builder of the earlier Riegelsville bridge, was asked to evaluate the new design and felt the need for additional cables of 1+3⁄4 inches (4 cm) diameter, which were added to the plans.
The Riegelsville suspension bridge collected tolls until it was purchased by the Joint Commission for Eliminating Tolls and is currently maintained by the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission using revenues generated from larger, more heavily trafficked crossings. The bridge has a 3-ton weight limit. It was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places on March 22, 2010.

## Gallery

* Roebling's 1904 suspension bridge at Riegelsville
* Bridge detail, looking east
# Daniel Dove Collins House

The Daniel Dove Collins House is a historic house located at 621 W. Main St. in Collinsville, Illinois. Daniel Dove Collins built the house in 1845 for himself and his wife. Collins, a cousin of the founders of Collinsville, was the first president of the then-village's Board of Trustees, and he held board meetings in his house. The post-and-beam house was designed in the Greek Revival style. The house has five bays delineated by the six Doric columns supporting its front porch. It is a rare surviving example of a five-bay Greek Revival home in Illinois. In the late 1880s or early 1890s, the house was moved from its original site at Main and Center Streets to its current location.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 21, 2002.
# Serhat Çetin

Serhat Çetin (born 23 February 1986,) is a Turkish professional basketball coach and former player. Standing at 6 ft 5.75 in (1.97 m), he mainly plays the small forward position but he also has the ability to play as a shooting guard position if needed. He is current assistant coach for Manisa Basket of the Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL).

## Professional career

He started his professional career in Efes Pilsen. In 2004, he moved to Tekelspor. After a successful season, he signed a contract with Galatasaray Cafe Crown.
He signed with Pınar Karşıyaka in 2006. During 2006-07 season, he averaged 10.1 points, 2.9 rebounds, 2.6 assists and 1.1 steals in 30 games. With that performance, he drew the attention of Fenerbahçe.
Before the 2007-08 season, he was the third transfer of Fenerbahçe after Emir Preldžić and Gašper Vidmar. He spent three seasons there, usually being a role player.
He went to Beşiktaş Milangaz at the beginning of the 2010-11 season. The next year, he had already become an important part of the team. Led by coach Ergin Ataman, they won the 2011–12 Turkish Cup Basketball, beating Banvit B.K. and Çetin was named the Turkish Basketball Cup MVP for his performance. Beşiktaş went on winning the 2011–12 FIBA EuroChallenge in Debrecen. Beşiktaş also won the 2011–12 Turkish Basketball League, completing the treble.
After that legendary season, Beşiktaş dealt with financial problems and many star players departed. They brought their former player Erman Kunter as the new coach. Despite these dire conditions, Çetin decided to stay and helped the team win the Super Cup against Anadolu Efes. Before the 2013–14 season, he didn't renew his expired contract and went to Tofaş
On 8 July 2014, he signed a three-year contract with Fenerbahçe.
On 20 August 2015, he signed with Darüşşafaka for the 2015–16 season.
On 10 October 2016, he signed with Türk Telekom.
On 28 July 2019, he has signed with CSO Voluntari of the Liga Națională.

## Coaching career

Following retirement, he has started his coaching career by becoming assistant coach for Beşiktaş of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL).
On August 1, 2023, he signed and became assistant coach for Poland during 2024 FIBA Men's Pre-Qualifying Olympic Qualifying Tournaments.
# Low-life

Low-life (plural: low-lifes) (or lowlife) is a term for a person who is of low social status due to their low moral character. Examples of people typically referred to as low-life include bullies, criminals, drug dealers, freeloaders, bums, drunkards, gangsters, sex offenders, pimps, aggressive panhandlers, scammers, and thieves.
Often, the term is used as an indication of disapproval of antisocial or self-destructive behaviors, usually bearing a connotation of contempt and derision. This usage of the word dates to 1911. The long-term origins of the ideas behind this in the Western world trace back to ancient times with the distinction of high culture associated with aristocracy at the top of the social hierarchy who were regarded in aristocrat-dominated society as compared with low culture associated with commoners at the bottom of the social hierarchy that included many impoverished people among them.
In common usage, the term can also be used for people associated with adhering to low culture, or used to describe a crass, overly casual person who exhibits a lack of grace and refinement. In this sense, individuals do not necessarily need to be criminally destructive or hold ethically questionable views to qualify for the term.
Similar terms used for the same type of person include the Australian/New Zealand term feral.

## Reputation

Upwardly mobile members of an ethnic group, committed to schooling, education and employment prospects, will often reject low-lifes who instead opt (willingly or unwillingly) for street or gang life.

## Attraction

The lure of the low-life for those in established social strata has been a perennial feature of western history: it can be traced from the Neronian aristocrat described by Juvenal as only at home in stables and taverns–"you'll find him near a gangster, cheek by jowl, mingling with lascars, thieves and convicts on the run"–through the Elizabethan interest in cony-catching, up to William Burroughs' obsession with the hobo, bum, or urban outlaw, and through to the anti-heroes of Cyberpunk.
Such interest may have a sexual component, based on the subconscious equation of socially low status with lack of inhibitions, as with the Roman ladies described by Petronius: "Some women get heated up over the very dregs and can't feel any passion unless... among the lowest of the low".
# Ringer

Ringer(s) may refer to:

## Sports and games

* Ringer, in sports idiom, an impostor, especially one whose pretense is intended to gain an advantage in a competition
* Road course ringer, a non-NASCAR driver hired to race at a road course
* A game piece used for scoring in the 2007 FIRST Robotics Competition game Rack 'n Roll
* In horseshoes, a shoe that encircles the stake
* Ringer or ring taw, a marbles game played in British and World Marbles Championship

## Fiction

* Ringer (comics), a Marvel Comics villain
* A member of Tolkien fandom
** Ringers: Lord of the Fans, a documentary on the subject

## Film and television

* Ringer (film) [fr], a 1996 film starring Timothy Bottoms
* Ringer (TV series), starring Sarah Michelle Gellar
* "Ringer" (The Bill), a 1986 TV episode
* "Ringer" (The Sweeney), a 1975 TV episode

## Music

* Ringer (EP), an EP by Four Tet
* "Ringer" (song), a song by Godflesh

## Other

* Ringer (surname)
* Ringer Edwards (1913–2000), Australian soldier
* Bell-ringer, one who plays bells, especially church bells
* Lactated Ringer's solution, also known as Ringer's, a fluid used in medical treatment
* Intravenous sugar solution, usually glucose
* A term for an Australian stockman, in the Top End of the Northern Territory
* An ornithologist trained in bird ringing
* Ringing (telephony) or telephone ringer, an electrical device to alert a telephone subscriber to an incoming call
* A style of T-shirt
* A cut and shut or cloned car