OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sobane Da massacre

On 10 June 2019, the Dogon village of Sobane Da in Mali was attacked. Moulaye Guindo, mayor of neighbouring Bankass, blamed a Fulani militia group. The attack killed 35 people, revised from an earlier claim of 95 killed with 19 missing. A survivor said the attackers numbered about 50, driving motorbikes and pickup trucks. The government of Mali has suspected that terrorists have committed the attack.

## Background

The Fulanis who are traditionally herders and the Dogon who are traditionally farmers have had a historic dispute over grazing land and water which has been exacerbated by the spread of jihadism in Mali. The Dogon have accused the Fulani of supporting Al-Qaeda and other terrorist groups operating in Mali, while the Fulani have accused the state of sponsoring the Dogons to attack them. MINUSMA had recorded 488 Fulani deaths in attacks by Dogon, and 63 Dogon deaths from Fulani attacks during the period from January 2018 to 16 May 2019 in the Mopti and Ségou Regions. The deadliest was the Ogossagou massacre. The Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin and Amadou Koufa had promised retaliation by Fulanis.

## Attack

The attack on Sobane-Da began on 9 June and continued for seven hours. The perpetrators came on motorbikes and besieged the village, killing people and burning homes. The head of the village, Gouno Dara, has said that the attackers shot everyone they encountered and were repeatedly shouting "Allahu Akbar". Dara adds that they burnt buildings and stole domestic animals before retreating. A security source said that the village had been practically razed. Malian researcher, Ousmane Diallo, has commented that the attack bears the hallmarks of jihadists.
Earlier the government had given a provisional death toll of 95 based on claims by some soldiers and the mayor of the district, Ali Dolo. Doubts however started appearing on this figure and a count carried out by the civil protection force, forensics team and Mopti's public prosecutor confirmed the toll to be 35, the confusion being partly due to around 100 women being able to escape the village, according to a released government statement.

## Arrests

Six suspects were arrested, including 2 arrested by MINUSMA, following routine checks.

## Aftermath

One week after the attack, 41 people were killed in two more Dogon villages.
# 2007 Broadland District Council election

The 2007 Broadland District Council election took place on 3 May 2007 to elect members of Broadland District Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections.

## Election result

3007 Broadland District Council election :
| Party | Seats | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
| Conservative | 35 | 4 | 74.5 | 50.7 | 34,053 | +5.8 |
| Liberal Democrats | 9 | 2 | 19.1 | 27.0 | 18,153 | +0.7 |
| Independent | 3 | 2 | 6.4 | 8.2 | 5,490 | +0.4 |
| Labour | 0 | | 0.0 | 12.2 | 8,165 | -7.5 |
| Green | 0 | | 0.0 | 1.5 | 1,033 | +0.8 |
| UKIP | 0 | | 0.0 | 0.4 | 249 | -0.2 |
# Denise Deegan

Denise Deegan (born 1952) is an English novelist and playwright. She is best known for her play, Daisy Pulls It Off.

## Biography

Deegan was born in London, England, where she trained in stage management at East 15 Acting School. Prior to writing Daisy Pulls It Off (1983), she worked as a freelance stage manager. Deegan is the resident writer for the prison, HMP Featherstone, where she teaches writing to inmates.

## Work

Deegan is best known for Daisy Pulls It Off (1983), a comedy that which spoofs "schoolgirl novels" of the type written by Angela Brazil. The play was called a "pitch-perfect spoof" by The Guardian and it ran for three years in the West End theatre. Her play, The Hiring Fair, is based on a true story of events that took place at the Portfield Fair.
Playwright and critic, Michelene Wandor, identifies Deegan's plays as feminist in nature.
# Mercedes Graf

Mercedes Herrera Graf was born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. She is a former professor of psychology, an American military historian, and a historian of medicine. She previously taught at the Illinois School of Professional Psychology where she was also the director of clinical school psychology and the Child & Adolescent Clinic; professor and director of school psychology Governors State University, University Park, Illinois.
Graf is now an independent scholar, who resides in Highland Park, Illinois. Her book On the Field of Mercy provided the first comprehensive overview of the role of women medical volunteers in early American wars.

## Education

She holds a doctorate from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. She received her master's degree from Chicago State University and her undergraduate degree from Loyola University of Chicago.

## Book reviews

* On the Field of Mercy : Women Medical Volunteers from the Civil War to the First World War, Reviewed by Judy Dalgo, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Vol. 68, No. 2, [April 2013].
* On the Field of Mercy, reviewed by Teresa M. O'Neill (professor, Our Lady of Holy Cross College, New Orleans, LA.) in AAHN, Vol. 21, 2013.
* Women Doctors in War : reviewed by Robert S. Driscoll, Journal of Military History; Oct2010, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p 1289. Reviewed by Kara Dixon Vuic, The American Historical Review, Volume 115 (4) – Oct 1, 2010.
# Anna Sforza

Anna Maria Sforza (21 July 1476 – 30 November 1497) was Hereditary Princess of Ferrara as the first wife of Alfonso I d'Este, future Duke of Ferrara. She was the second legitimate daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, and his second wife, Bona of Savoy.

## Life

Born in Milan, she was the second daughter and last legitimate child of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan, by his second wife, Bona of Savoy. Anna's paternal grandparents were Francesco I Sforza and Bianca Maria Visconti, and her maternal were Louis, Duke of Savoy and Anne de Lusignan of Cyprus, for whom she was named. She had two older brothers: Gian Galeazzo Sforza and Hermes Maria Sforza, Marquis of Tortona, and a sister, Bianca Maria Sforza, second wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.
When Anna was an infant, her father was assassinated inside the Church of Santo Stefano in Milan on 26 December 1476, which was the Feast Day of St. Stephen. He was stabbed to death by three high-ranking officials of the Milanese court.
In 1477, Anna was formally betrothed to Alfonso I d'Este, the heir of Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara. Her wedding with Prince Alfonso d'Este took place fourteen years later, on 12 January 1491, amidst banquets, receptions, and theatrical representations. However, the marriage was said to be unhappy. Some sources made claims implying that Anna was attracted to women, suggesting that Anna was 'unfeminine' (perhaps even dressing in men's clothes), preferred the company of women, and refused to consummate her marriage with sex; additionally, mention was made of Anna's deep attachment to a Black girl who was part of her entourage. The supposed unhappiness of the marriage, however, may also have been due to Alfonso's well-known reputation for extramarital affairs.
Only after six years of marriage, Anna became pregnant, but died in childbirth; while some sources reported that her child, a son, died immediately after being baptized; others, said that he survived and was named Alessandro, dying in 1514 aged 17. She was buried in the monastery of San Vito, of which Anna was a benefactor. Her husband was unable to take part of her funeral because at that time his face was disfigured as a consequence of syphilis.
Her death marked the end of the bond between the Sforza and Este families. Alfonso remarried, to Lucrezia Borgia, in 1502.
# Causus lichtensteinii

Causus lichtensteinii is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Viperinae of the family Viperidae. The species is native to western, central, and eastern Africa. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.

## Etymology

The specific name, or epithet, lichtensteinii, honors German herpetologist Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein.

## Common names

Common names for C. lichtensteinii include Lichtenstein's night adder, the forest night adder, and the olive-green viper.

## Description

Adults of C. lichtensteinii average 30–55 cm (12–22 in) in total length (tail included), with a reported maximum of 70 cm (28 in).
The head is not very wide, and the snout is blunt. The eye is surrounded by a circumorbital ring of 5–7 scales. There are 6 supralabials and 9 sublabials. The temporals number 2+3 or sometimes 2+2, with the first and second upper temporals being as long together as the first lower one. Loreals: 1+1. Midbody there are 15 rows of weakly keeled dorsal scales that have a velvety texture. The anal scale is single. There are 128–152 ventral scales. The subcaudals number 18–22 in males and 17–19 in females.
The color pattern consists of a greenish or olive ground color overlaid with a series of dark narrow backward pointing chevrons running down the back. This pattern may be vague or developed fully into rhombic markings. The back of the neck has a characteristic white V-shape while the throat is black with yellow bands. Juvenile specimens are generally dark brown in color.

## Geographic range

C. lichtensteinii is found from Guinea and Liberia eastward through Ghana to Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, the Central African Republic, south to northern Angola, DR Congo and northwestern Zambia, and east to Uganda and western Kenya.
The type locality is listed as "Côte-d'Or " [= Gold Coast, now Dominion of Ghana].

## Habitat

As opposed to other members of its genus, C. lichtensteinii is mostly found in pristine rain forests with little light filtering down to the forest floor. It tends to be found near water in swampy areas. In the Atewa Range Forest Reserve in Ghana it has been found at altitudes of up to 670 m (2,200 ft).

## Behavior

C. lichtensteinii is diurnal and mostly terrestrial. However, it is a good swimmer and has even colonized certain islands in Lake Victoria. When disturbed it puts on a hissing and puffing threat display similar to other members of the genus.

## Reproduction

C. lichtensteinii is oviparous. Clutch size is four to eight eggs.

## Venom

Little is known about the venom of C. lichtensteinii.
# River of Blood

River of Blood or Rivers of Blood may refer to:

## Arts, media, gaming

* Rivers of Blood, a 2009 true crime book by Robert Scott
* The Punisher: River of Blood, a collected edition of The Punisher War Zone #31-36
* "River of Blood", chapter eight of Stop Susan Williams, Cliffhangers
* Paka (River of Blood), a 2021 Indian drama film
* River of Blood, an adventure module in the Greyhawk campaign setting for Dungeons & Dragons
* Rivers of Blood Katana, a weapon in the 2022 video game Elden Ring

## Speeches

* Rivers of Blood speech by Enoch Powell in 1968
* "Rivers of Blood" speech by Saif Gaddafi in 2011; see LSE–Gaddafi affair

## Other

* Plagues of Egypt, in the Book of Exodus, describes the Nile becoming a river of blood
* Phlegethon, a river in Greek mythology, later adapted by Dante's Inferno
* River of Blood, an event during the Battle of Ullais in 633
* Mzilikazi (1790–1868), Southern African king whose name means "the great river of blood"
* The River of Blood, a monument in Lowes Island, Virginia, United States
# Strada statale 163 Amalfitana

The strada statale 163 Amalfitana (SS163), also known as Amalfi Drive, is an Italian state highway 50.36 kilometres (31.29 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Campania which runs along the stretch of the Amalfi Coast between the southern Italian towns of Sorrento and Amalfi. The drive between Salerno, at the southern base of the peninsula, and Positano follows the coast for about 80 km (50 mi).
For the greater part of its route, the road is carved out of the side of the coastal cliffs, giving views down to the Tyrrhenian Sea and on the other side up to the cliffs above. The road passes through the village of Positano, which is built on the side of the hill.
# BÉPO

The BÉPO layout is an optimized French keyboard layout developed by the BÉPO community, supporting all Latin-based alphabets of the European Union, Greek, and Esperanto. It is also designed to ease programming. It is based on ideas from the Dvorak and other ergonomic layouts. Typing with it is usually easier due to the high frequency keys being in the home row. Typing tutors exist to ease the transition.
In 2017, the BÉPO layout was the object of an ongoing standardization by the French organization for standardization (AFNOR), along with an improved version of the traditional AZERTY layout. However, the use of the BÉPO layout, as well as that of the proposed new AZERTY layout, remained marginal.
On April 2, 2019, the norm had been published by AFNOR along with the improved AZERTY keyboard.
# Denis Zmeu

Denis Zmeu (born 8 May 1985) is a former Moldovan footballer who played as a central midfielder.
From 24 August 2015 he is a coach for the physical training of all Moldavian football selections. From February 2016 to June 2017 he is a physical trainer at Milsami Orhei. Since June 2017 he has been a physical trainer at Politehnica Iași, the team for the first time in the 2017–2018 season qualifying in the play-off phase of the first league in Romania.

## Club career

He started his career at Zimbru Chișinău. In the winter of 2007, he was bought by SC Vaslui for about €200,000. In that season he played every single game, but he failed to impress. He scored his first goal for SC Vaslui, in a 3–0 victory against FC Timişoara.

## International career

Soon after his transfer at SC Vaslui, he made his debut in the Moldova national team. He was a regular, until the last year, when, because he failed to play at Vaslui, he lost his place in the national team.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Zimbru Chişinău | 2003–04 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Zimbru Chişinău | 2004–05 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Zimbru Chişinău | 2005–06 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Zimbru Chişinău | 2006–07 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| SC Vaslui | 2006–07 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| SC Vaslui | 2007–08 | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 1 |
| SC Vaslui | 2008–09 | 17 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 1 |
| SC Vaslui | 2009–10 | 13 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| SC Vaslui | 2010–11 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| SC Vaslui | 2011–12 | 14 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 2 |
| Total | Total | 81 | 3 | 12 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 104 | 4 |
| Career Total | Career Total | 91 | 3 | 12 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 114 | 4 |
Statistics accurate as of match played 20 December 2011.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Moldova's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 11 October 2011 | Zimbru Stadium, Chișinău, Moldova | San Marino | 1–0 | 4–0 | UEFA Euro 2012 qualification |

## Career honours
### SC Vaslui

* Cupa României
** Runner-up: 2010
* UEFA Intertoto Cup
** Winner: 2008
# Yves-Thibault de Silguy

Yves-Thibault de Silguy (born 22 July 1948) is a French and European politician, born in Rennes, France. He served in the Santer Commission and was in charge of Economic and Financial Affairs. He was a member of the Club de l'horloge.

## Political career

Before moving to the European Commission in 1995, de Silguy served as chief adviser on European Union affairs to Prime Minister Édouard Balladur from 1993 to 1995. During his time as Commissioner, he managed the introduction of the Euro.
Following the resignation of the Santer Commission, France did not renominate de Silguy.

## Later career

In 2000, de Silguy became a member of the Executive Board of Suez Lyonnaise des Eaux and later served as Chief Executive Officer of Suez from 2001 to 2003. He was then Executive Vice-President of Suez from 2003 until June 2006.

## Other activities
### Corporate boards

* VTB Bank, Independent Member of the Supervisory Council (since 2013)
* Autoroutes du Sud de la France (ASF), Member of the Board of Directors
* Solvay, Member of the Board of Directors (since 2011)
* Sofisport, Chairman of Supervisory Council
* LVMH, Independent Member of the Board of Directors (since 2009)
* Vinci SA, Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors (since 2006), Chairman of the Board of Directors (2006–2010)

### Non-profit organizations

* MEDEF International, Vice-Chairman
# Eiger Glacier

The Eiger Glacier (German: Eigergletscher) is a glacier situated on the north-west side of the Eiger in the Bernese Alps of Switzerland, within the municipality of Lauterbrunnen in the canton of Bern. It extends from a height of 3,700 m (12,100 ft) above sea level behind the Little Eiger, a secondary peak to the west of the Eiger, and runs towards the valley in the direction of the Eigergletscher railway station. Another tongue, at 3,200 to 3,500 m (10,500 to 11,500 ft) above sea level, is in the form of a hanging glacier between the Eiger and Little Eiger.
The glacier is 2.59 km (1.61 mi) with an area of 1.54 km$^2$ (0.59 sq mi), reduced from an area of 2.13 km$^2$ (0.82 sq mi) recorded in 1973. From 1993 to 2017 it retreated by around 500 m (1,600 ft) as the glacier melted. In 1990, a large, continuous crack was discovered during a helicopter flight, leading the Research Institute for Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology and Glaciology at ETH Zurich [de] to begin research work, to gain knowledge about hanging glaciers and develop measures to protect the Jungfrau railway station. The threatened collapse occurred in 1990, but without causing any damage. Since then an automatic camera has taken a photo of the glacier every day.
# Egill Reimers

Egill Reimers (July 18, 1878 – November 11, 1946) was a Norwegian architect. He also competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.
Reimers was born in Bergen, Norway, to Bastiam Reimers (b. 1838) and Maren Johnsdatter (b. 1843). (Birth and marriage records spell his name Egil.) He married Signe de Lange on March 24, 1906 in Bergen.
He graduated as an architect at Technische Hochschule at Munich in 1902. He started his own practice in Bergen during 1904.
Reimers was one of the most active architects in the Bergen during the first half of the 20th century. He was awarded the Houen Foundation Award in 1924 for his design of the State Archives in Bergen (Statsarkivet i Bergen). The Bergen District Court (Bergen Tinghuset) was designed in the style of Neoclassical architecture during 1933 and is considered one of his main works.
His building designs include several for the University of Bergen: University Museum of Bergen Cultural History Collection (De kulturhistoriske samlinger) in 1927, Geophysics Institute (Geofysisk Institutt) in 1928 and Nuclear Physics Laboratory (Kjernefysisk laboratorium) which was completed in 1950.
Reimers was a crew member of the Norwegian boat Heira II, which won the gold medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. He competed in the 12 metre class (1919 rating).
# 1956 Mid Ulster by-election

The by-election held in Mid Ulster on 8 May 1956 was called because both candidates in the 1955 Mid Ulster by-election were disqualified. Tom Mitchell was disqualified from assuming office because he was a convicted felon. Charles Beattie was awarded the seat but he was also disqualified because he held an office of profit under the Crown.
1956 Mid Ulster by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Ind. Unionist | George Forrest | 28,605 | 48.36 | New |
| | Sinn Féin | Tom Mitchell | 24,124 | 40.78 | −9.92 |
| | Anti-Partition | Michael O'Neill | 6,421 | 10.86 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,481 | 7.58 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 59,150 | 88.43 | −0.17 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 66,891 | | |
| | Ind. Unionist gain from Sinn Féin | Ind. Unionist gain from Sinn Féin | Swing | | |
# Makassar Strait

Makassar Strait (Indonesian: Selat Makassar) is a strait between the islands of Borneo and Sulawesi in Indonesia. To the north it joins the Celebes Sea, while to the south it meets the Java Sea. To the northeast, it forms the Sangkulirang Bay south of the Mangkalihat Peninsula. The strait is an important regional shipping route in Southeast Asia.
The Mahakam River and Karangan River of Borneo empty into the strait.
Ports along the strait include Balikpapan and Bontang in Borneo, and Makassar, Palu, and Parepare in Sulawesi. The city of Samarinda is 48 km (30 mi) from the strait, along the Mahakam.

## Extent

The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the Makassar Strait as being one of the waters of the East Indian Archipelago. The IHO defines its limits as follows:
   The channel between the East coast of Borneo and the West coast of Celebes [Sulawesi], is bounded:
   On the North. By a line joining Tanjong Mangkalihat, Borneo (1°02′N 118°57′E﻿ / ﻿1.033°N 118.950°E﻿ / 1.033; 118.950) and Stroomen Kaap (Cape Binar), Celebes (1°20′N 120°52′E﻿ / ﻿1.333°N 120.867°E﻿ / 1.333; 120.867).
   On the South. By a line from the Southwestern extreme of Celebes (5°37′S 119°27′E﻿ / ﻿5.617°S 119.450°E﻿ / -5.617; 119.450), through the Southern point of Tana Keke, to the Southern extreme of Laoet (4°06′S 116°06′E﻿ / ﻿4.100°S 116.100°E﻿ / -4.100; 116.100) thence up the West coast of that island to Tanjong Kiwi and thence across to Tanjong Petang, Borneo (3°37′S 115°57′E﻿ / ﻿3.617°S 115.950°E﻿ / -3.617; 115.950) at the Southern end of Laoet Strait.

## Geology

The Makassar Strait and North Makassar Basin is the result of back-arc extension due to the subduction of a small tectonic slab to the east. Rifting began in the Eocene, with high sedimentation rates filling the extension basin throughout the Eocene through Miocene. These Miocene basin sediments hold very large amounts of oil and natural gas deposits, especially in the hydrocarbon rich Kutei Basin.
The arrival of the Benggai Sula microplate has rotated the Island of Sulawesi in a counter-clockwise direction, allowing opening of the southern Makassar Basin with accommodation by the Adang/Paternoster Fault.

## Gallery

* Beras Basah Island in Makassar Strait, administrative part of Bontang.
* USS Midway (CV-41) and other warships in Makassar Strait, 28 September 1985.
* Offshore oil rig in Makassar Strait, 2005.
* Aur island, administrative part of South Kalimantan.
* KM Arista ship sunk in Makassar Strait, 10 June 2015.