OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John H. Griscom

John Hoskins Griscom (August 14, 1809 - April 28, 1874) was an influential American physician and sanitarian who made significant contributions to public health reform in 19th-century New York City. Born in New York to John Griscom, an educator and chemist, he received his medical education at the University of Pennsylvania, earning his M.D. in 1832.

## Career

Griscom held several important positions throughout his career: Assistant physician (1833) and later physician (1834) at the New York Dispensary); Professor of chemistry at the College of Pharmacy in New York (1836-1838); Physician at the New York Hospital (1843-1870); City inspector and head of the New York City Health Department (1842); and Commissioner of Emigration (1848-1851).

## Public health

His most significant work, "The Sanitary Condition of the Laboring Population of New York" (1845), correlated higher morbidity rates among the working class with their poor living conditions in overcrowded, unventilated tenements. This report was instrumental in laying the foundation for urban public health reform in the United States. Griscom's approach to public health was progressive for his time. He refused to blame the poor for their living conditions, instead focusing on systemic issues such as lack of fresh water and adequate sanitation. His efforts contributed to the passage of the Metropolitan Health Act of 1866, which established a Board of Health for New York City and served as a model for other cities nationwide. Throughout his life, Griscom remained committed to improving public health through education, legislation, and reform. His ideas influenced later reformers and contributed to the development of tenement reform laws in the late 19th century.
# Frank Henze

Frank Henze (born 1 April 1977 in Leipzig) is a German slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1995 to 2013.
He won three medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two silvers (2002, 2009) and a bronze (2010). He won six more medals at the European Championships in the same event (3 golds, 1 silver and 2 bronzes).
At the 2012 Summer Olympics he competed in the C2 event. He did not advance to the semifinals after finishing 11th in the qualifying round.
His partner in the boat between 1998 and 2002 was Kai Walter. From 2005 to 2013 he competed internationally with David Schröder.
His father Jürgen Henze was a world champion the C2 team event and his younger brother Stefan Henze was a silver medalist from the C2 event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

## World Cup individual podiums

| Season | Date | Venue | Position | Event |
| 2002 | 26 May 2002 | Guangzhou | 2nd | C2 |
| 2002 | 20 Jul 2002 | Augsburg | 2nd | C2 |
| 2002 | 14 Sep 2002 | Tibagi | 3rd | C2 |
| 2010 | 3 Jul 2010 | Augsburg | 1st | C2 |
# Anaene squalida

Anaene squalida is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914. It is found in Panama.
# Fabresema

Fabresema is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was erected by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1979.

## Species

* Fabresema bicornuta Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema catherinae Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema cheesmanae Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema costiplaga Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema elisabethae Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema flavibasalis Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema gerardi Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema grisea Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema obliqua Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema sarramea Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema suffusa Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema sylviae Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema toma Holloway, 1979
* Fabresema valeriae Holloway, 1979
# Darin Harbick

Darin Harbick is an American Republican politician currently serving in the Oregon House of Representatives. He represents the 12th district, which is a rural district comprising eastern Lane County as well as a small part of southern Linn County.

## Biography

Harbick defeated incumbent representative Charlie Conrad in the primary, winning over 80% of the vote. The vote was widely seen as a reaction to Conrad's vote in favor of HB 2002, a bill expanding access to abortion and gender-affirming care.
He is an entrepreneur and small business owner in his hometown of McKenzie Bridge, having owned a grocery store, a restaurant, a logging and trucking company, and a faith-based residential treatment home over the course of the last 30 years.

## Electoral history

2024 Oregon State Representative, 12th district :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Darin Harbick | 23,256 | 57.7 |
| | Democratic | Michelle Emmons | 17,012 | 42.2 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 62 | 0.2 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 40,330 | 100% |
# 1587 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1587.

## Events

* April 14 – A clandestine Roman Catholic printing press is discovered in a cave on the Little Orme on the North Wales coast, where it has been used by the recusant Robert Pugh (squire of Penrhyn Old Hall) and his chaplain, Father William Davies, to print the first part of Y Drych Cristianogawl (The Christian Mirror), the first book to be printed in Wales. Attributed to G. R. of Milan (Gruffydd Robert or perhaps Robert Gwyn (c. 1540/50–1592/1604)), the book is given a false imprint of "Rouen, 1585".
* Autumn – Poet Torquato Tasso travels to Rome to stay with his friend Cardinal Scipione Gonzaga, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem.
* October 31 – Leiden University Library opens its doors after its foundation in 1575.
* Late (probable date) – The first part of Christopher Marlowe's drama Tamburlaine the Great is performed in London by the Admiral's Men, with Edward Alleyn in the lead. Marlowe is known to be engaged in confidential government work.
* The Rose Theatre is built by Philip Henslowe in Southwark on the south bank of the River Thames.
* The chapbook Historia von D. Johann Fausten, printed by Johann Spies in Frankfurt, is the first published version of the Faust story.

## New books
### Prose

* George Gifford – A discourse of the subtill practises of deuilles by witches and sorcerers
* Raphael Holinshed – Holinshed's Chronicles, 2nd edition, revised
* John Penry – The Æquity of an Humble Supplication
* William Rankins – A Mirror of Monsters

### Drama

* Thomas Kyd – The Spanish Tragedy (approximate date)
* Christopher Marlowe
** Tamburlaine
** (with Thomas Nashe?) – Dido, Queen of Carthage (earliest likely date)
* George Peele (possibly) – The Life and Death of Jack Straw (approximate date)

### Poetry

* Cristóbal de Virués – El Monserrate

## Births

* February 24 – Matthias Faber, German religious writer (died 1653)
* June 21 – Kaspar von Barth, German philologist (died 1658)
* October 17 – Nathan Field, English dramatist (died 1620)
* November 17 – Joost van den Vondel, Dutch dramatist (died 1679)
* November 18 – Lady Mary Wroth, English poet and dramatist (died c. 1651–1653)
* Unknown dates
** Michael Alford, English Jesuit writer (died 1652)
** Francesco Angeloni, Italian historian (died 1652)
** Francis Kynaston, English poet (died 1642)

## Deaths

* March 15 – Kaspar Olevianus, German Protestant theologian (born 1536)
* April 18 – John Foxe, martyrologist (born 1517)
* September 19 – Pamelius, Belgian theologian (born 1536)
* November – Mother and daughter:
** Madeleine Des Roches, French poet and author (born c. 1520)
** Catherine Des Roches, French poet and author (born 1542)
* Unknown date
** Dudley Fenner, English theologian (born c. 1558)

## In literature

* Friedrich Schiller's drama Maria Stuart (1800) depicts the last days of Mary, Queen of Scots
# 2011 US Open – Wheelchair men's doubles

Stéphane Houdet and Nicolas Peifer defeated the defending champions Maikel Scheffers and Ronald Vink in the final, 6–3, 6–1 to win the men's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2011 US Open.

## Seeds

* Maikel Scheffers / Ronald Vink (final)
* Stéphane Houdet / Nicolas Peifer (champions)

## Doubles
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Finals

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Maikel Scheffers Ronald Vink | 6 | 1 | 6 | | | | |
| | Shingo Kunieda Stephen Welch | 4 | 6 | 2 | | | | |
| | Shingo Kunieda Stephen Welch | 4 | 6 | 2 | 1 | Maikel Scheffers Ronald Vink | 3 | 1 |
| | | | | | 2 | Stéphane Houdet Nicolas Peifer | 6 | 6 |
| | Robin Ammerlaan Stefan Olsson | 3 | 3 | | 2 | Stéphane Houdet Nicolas Peifer | 6 | 6 |
| 2 | Stéphane Houdet Nicolas Peifer | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
# American Eagle Flight 5342 mid-air collision 2025

On January 29, 2025, a Bombardier CRJ701ER airliner executing PSA Airlines Flight 5342 (operating as American Eagle on behalf of American Airlines) collided with a Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter of the United States Army while on final approach to Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Arlington County, Virginia. Both aircraft crashed into the Potomac River after the mid-air collision, killing at least 18 people. There were 64 people (60 passengers and 4 crew) aboard the plane and 3 people (all crew) aboard the helicopter.
The accident was the first fatal accident for American Airlines since Flight 587 on November 12, 2001; the first fatal US-registered civilian airliner crash in the United States since Colgan Air Flight 3407 on February 12, 2009; the first fatal airliner crash in the United States since Asiana Airlines Flight 214 on July 6, 2013; and the first major accident involving a civilian airliner in 2025.
* ↑ "Playback of flight AA5342". FlightRadar24. Retrieved January 30, 2025.
* ↑ "FAA Statements on Aviation Accidents and Incidents". Federal Aviation Administration. January 29, 2025. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
* ↑ Anderson, Amber (January 29, 2025). "All flights halted at Reagan National Airport due to plane crash". WUSA News. Tegna Inc. Retrieved January 30, 2025.
* ↑ Knox, Brady (January 29, 2025). "Potomac plane crash: Rescue operation underway near Reagan airport". Washington Examiner. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
* ↑ Leclercq, Matt (January 29, 2025). "American Airlines crash in Washington, D.C., may be carrier's worst disaster in two decades". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Retrieved January 30, 2025.
* ↑ "Buffalo NY USA, 2009", Sky Brary, retrieved January 30, 2025
* ↑ Sweeney, Sam (January 29, 2025). "DC plane crash marks first major commercial crash in US since Buffalo crash in 2009". ABC News. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
# Harmonies of Political Economy

Harmonies of Political Economy is an 1850 book by the French classical liberal economist Frédéric Bastiat, in which the author applauds the power and ingenuity of the intricate social mechanism, "every atom of which ... is an animated thinking being, endued with marvelous energy, and with that principle of all morality, all dignity, all progress, the exclusive attribute of man - LIBERTY." While it is regarded as Bastiat's magnum opus, it was incomplete when it was published.
In the book, Bastiat writes of "the measureless disproportion" between what each of us contributes to society and what each of us receives in return. The American economist Amasa Walker commented that, "Of all the writers on the subject, no one seems to have been more full and clear in the definition and illustration of value" than Bastiat, in the distinction he draws in Economic Harmonies between value and utility.
Bastiat dedicated Harmonies of Political Economy to the youth of France.
# Hunt Regional Medical Center

33°07′20″N 96°07′27″W﻿ / ﻿33.1223°N 96.1241°W﻿ / 33.1223; -96.1241
Hunt Regional Medical Center (or Hunt Regional) is a full-service hospital located at 4215 Joe Ramsey Boulevard in Greenville, Texas. The hospital opened on August 1, 1971, and has since undergone numerous expansions. Hunt Regional serves patients in Hunt County and surrounding areas.

## History

Hunt Regional Healthcare facilities in Hunt County trace their origins to the 1950s. At that time, a group of concerned citizens determined that hospital and medical care needs of this area could best be met by a public, open-staffed hospital. Citizens General Hospital opened in 1971 and was expanded in 1981 and renamed Hunt Memorial Hospital District. The hospital was formerly known as the Presbyterian Hospital of Greenville until September 2008, when it was rebranded with its current name, Hunt Regional Medical Center.
The hospital offers an extensive list of services including a surgery center, digital imaging, behavioral health, the Lou and Jack Finney Cancer Center, home care, infusion therapy, laboratory services, a Level III NICU, mobile mammography, wound care, rehabilitation center, a surgery center, women & infant care and more.

### Lou and Jack Finney Cancer Center

The Lou and Jack Finney Cancer Center opened in 2007 as the first of its kind offered in the region. Operated by Texas Oncology, the center's treatment options include chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as laboratory and pharmaceutical services.

## Hunt Regional Healthcare

Hunt Regional Medical Center is one of the facilities operated under the Hunt Regional Healthcare system. Additional facilities include Hunt Regional Open Imaging at Greenville and Hunt Regional Open Imaging at Rockwall. Hunt Regional Emergency Medical Center at Commerce and Hunt Regional Medical Emergency Center at Quinlan recently opened. Physician offices are located in Greenville, Commerce, Quinlan, Emory, Royse City and Rockwall.
# Hendrik Jung

Hendrik Jung (born 18 September 1956) is a German fencer. He competed in the team sabre event for East Germany at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 134

Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 134 was a scheduled domestic flight from Hualien Airport to Taipei-Songshan Airport. On July 31, 1975, the Vickers Viscount 837D crashed into the runway during a storm while on approach. 27 out of the 75 occupants onboard were killed on impact, there were 48 survivors all of them made it out with injuries.
It is the 3rd deadliest accident of the airline and being the 5th accident of the airline.

## Aircraft

* Aircraft: Vickers Viscount 837D
* MSN: 439
* Registration: B-2029

## Accident

While the Viscount aircraft was on approach to Songshan, the aircraft encountered bad weather including a thunderstorm which caused rain falls and low wind-shear. The aircraft then got hit by downdraft, causing the aircraft to stall and crash possibly 300m away from the threshold of the runway.

## Cause

The safety board concluded that the aircraft had lost control and stalled when it was hit by low wind-shear.
# Maged Shawky

Maged Shawky, an Egyptian businessman and administrator, was the chairman of the Cairo & Alexandria Stock Exchange since July 2005, after being the deputy chairman for almost a year. He resigned in 2010. He had also represented the Regulator (Capital Market Authority) as a board member of the Exchange for three years. He held the position of Senior Assistant to the Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade for Securities Markets issues for around 12 years.
Shawky chairs the African Securities Exchanges Association. He vice-chairs the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges. Shawky also serves as member of the board for the Economic Committee, National Democratic Party, and Misr for Clearing Depositary & Registration. He is also a member of National Post Organization.

## Education and publication

Shawky holds a Master's Degree in Financial Economics from Queen Mary, University of London, United Kingdom. He had previously graduated from the department of commerce in Helwan University in Egypt. He has authored and co-authored a number of research papers on corporate governance and modeling volatility of the market; some have been published in regional and international periodicals.
# Raad Hammoudi

Raad Hammoudi Salman al-Aredhi (Arabic: رَعْد حَمُّودِيّ سَلْمَان الْعَارِضِيّ; born 1 May 1953) is a retired Iraqi football player who represented his country as a goalkeeper in the Olympics and the World Cup. He is known as the most successful goalkeeper in Iraqi football, leading Iraq to the 1986 FIFA World Cup. He made his international debut in 1976 against Turkey. Raad was an important part of the Al-Shorta side, captaining them to the Iraqi League in season 1979/80. He took three penalties for Al-Shorta, scoring two and missing one. He was goalkeeper of the tournament during Iraq's win in the 1979 Gulf Cup, when he conceded just one goal in six games, he was also in goal when Iraq won the Asian Games in 1982. Raad started his career in 1972 when he joined second division club Kuliya Al-Shurta (where he won the Iraqi Central Second Division), a team which along with Shurta Al-Najda and Aliyat Al-Shorta were replaced in the top-flight by Al-Shurta Sports Club.
Raad played in the 1984 Olympics and 1986 World Cup in Mexico, where he played in the two games against Paraguay and Belgium. In 1999, Raad was placed by the German-based Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) as Iraq's 4th best player of the century behind the likes of Ahmed Radhi, Hussein Saeed and Habib Jafar.
He is currently the president of the Iraqi Olympic Committee.
# 1972 Charlestown state by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Charlestown on Saturday 18 November 1972. It was triggered by the death of Jack Stewart (Labor).

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 19 September 1972 | Jack Stewart died. |
| 20 October 1972 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 27 October 1972 | Nominations |
| 18 November 1972 | Polling day |
| 5 December 1972 | Return of writ |

## Results

1972 Charlestown by-election Saturday 18 November :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Richard Face | 15,977 | 59.9 | +5.2 |
| | Liberal | Wallace MacDonald | 9,474 | 35.5 | −0.9 |
| | Independent | Colin Fisher | 1,217 | 4.6 | |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 26,668 | 98.4 | −0.1 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 446 | 1.6 | +0.13 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 27,114 | 88.6 | −6.0 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +5.2 | |
# 1972 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election

Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") occurred in November 1972. In addition to the 12 members elected, the Leader (Harold Wilson), Deputy Leader (Edward Short), Labour Chief Whip (Bob Mellish), Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (Douglas Houghton), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (Baron Shackleton), and Labour Chief Whip in the Lords (Baron Beswick) were automatically members. The Labour Lords elected one further member, Baron Champion.
There was a tie for twelfth place, which required a run-off election between Peter Shore and John Silkin. However, Silkin withdrew, leaving Shore to take the final place in the cabinet, without an election.
The 12 winners of the election are listed below:
| Colour key | Retained in the Shadow Cabinet |
| Colour key | Joined the Shadow Cabinet |
| Colour key | Voted out of the Shadow Cabinet |
| Rank | Prior rank | Candidate | Constituency | Votes |
| 1= | 13 | Reg Prentice | Daventry | 154 |
| 1= | 3 | Shirley Williams | Hitchin | 154 |
| 3 | 8 | Anthony Crosland | Great Grimsby | 148 |
| 4 | 2 | Michael Foot | Ebbw Vale | 146 |
| 5 | 4 | Jim Callaghan | Cardiff South East | 142 |
| 6 | 12 | Denis Healey | Leeds East | 137 |
| 7 | 5 | Willie Ross | Kilmarnock | 134 |
| 8 | 6 | Fred Peart | Workington | 128 |
| 9 | 7 | Harold Lever | Manchester Cheetham | 125 |
| 10 | 25 | Merlyn Rees | Leeds South | 107 |
| 11 | 10 | Tony Benn | Bristol South East | 106 |
| 12= | 11 | Peter Shore | Stepney | 102 |
| 12= | 14 | John Silkin | Deptford | 102 |
| 14 | 17 | Cledwyn Hughes | Anglesey | 91 |
| 15 | 16 | Eric Heffer | Liverpool Walton | 84 |
| 16 | 15 | Barbara Castle | Blackburn | 78 |
| 17 | 26 | George Thomas | Cardiff West | 73 |
| 18= | 19 | Dick Mabon | Greenock | 71 |
| 18= | 20 | Roy Mason | Barnsley | 71 |
| 18= | 18 | Bill Rodgers | Stockton-on-Tees | 71 |
| 21 | N/A | Roy Hattersley | Birmingham Sparkbrook | 68 |
| 22 | 24 | Stan Orme | Salford West | 65 |
| 23 | 22 | Willie Hamilton | West Fife | 57 |
| 24 | N/A | Norman Atkinson | Tottenham | 54 |
| 25 | N/A | Denis Howell | Birmingham Small Heath | 53 |
| 26 | N/A | Brian O'Malley | Rotherham | 46 |
| 27 | N/A | John Mendelson | Penistone | 45 |
| 28 | N/A | Alf Morris | Manchester Wythenshawe | 42 |
| 29 | N/A | Ivor Richard | Barons Court | 40 |
| 30 | N/A | Arthur Palmer | Bristol Central | 31 |
| 31 | N/A | John Morris | Aberavon | 18 |
# Saandram

Saandram (സാന്ദ്രം, Lit. Dense) is a 1990 Indian Malayalam psychological thriller film, directed and produced by Thaha and Ashokan. It stars Suresh Gopi, Parvathy, Innocent, and Captain Raju in the lead roles. The film has a musical score by Johnson.

## Plot

The Poulose family which comes to Ooty on vacation, befriends a newly married couple, Sreeraman and Indulekha, staying next door on their honeymoon. The couple looks happy on the outside, but the wife has problems underneath the surface.
When the local Circle Inspector makes a visit, it is revealed that a psychopath Unni is after Indulekha's life. Unni was Indulekha's ex-lover who had been comatose for over a year and a half after a fatal accident with no hope of recovery. Her parents had forced her into a reluctant marriage with Sreeraman. However, Unni made a miraculous recovery but with a mental imbalance which leaves him with no sense of time. He is deluded into thinking that he was hospitalized only for a few days and Indu had married betraying him. He also believes that his accident was her doing, making him go for her life now.
In the end, after a huge fight with Sreeraman, Unni is shot dead by Poulose just before he almost stabs Indulekha.

## Cast

* Suresh Gopi as Sreeraman
* Parvathy as Indulekha Sreeraman
* Innocent as Poulose Anammottil
* Kalpana as Anna Poulose
* Kuthiravattam Pappu as Caesar
* Master Badusha as Ukkru Poulose
* Master Twinku as Kariya Poulose
* Praseetha as Sofiya Poulose
* N. L. Balakrishnan as Balakrishnan
* Mamukkoya as Abdu/Abdulla
* Sai Kumar as Unnikrishnan
* Jagadish as Markosekutty
* Captain Raju as Circle Inspector Hari
* Ranjini – Cameo Appearance as the Circle Inspector's partner

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Johnson, and the lyrics were written by Kaithapram.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Kaithappoo Ponpodi Thooviya" | K. S. Chithra | Kaithapram |
| 2 | "Kandallo" | Innocent | Kaithapram |
| 3 | "Ponnithaloram" | G. Venugopal, Chorus | Kaithapram |
# Alex Beecroft

Alex Beecroft is an English author best known for historical and contemporary romantic fiction featuring gay characters. They also write science fiction/fantasy fiction as Alex Oliver, and cozy mysteries under the pseudonym Robyn Beecroft.
Beecroft won Linden Bay Romance's (now Samhain Publishing) Starlight Writing Competition in 2007 with their first novel, Captain’s Surrender, making it their first published book. On the subject of writing gay romance, Beecroft has appeared in the Charleston City Paper, LA Weekly, the New Haven Advocate, the Baltimore City Paper, and The Other Paper. They are a regular reviewer for the blog Speak Its Name, which highlights historical gay fiction.

## Biography

Beecroft was born in Northern Ireland and grew up in the Peak District. They now live near Cambridge.
Beecroft identifies as agender and uses they/them pronouns.
# Stefano Borchi

Stefano Borchi (born 9 March 1987) is an Italian racing cyclist. He rode at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships.

## Major results
### 2008

    5th Time trial, UCI Road World Under–23 Championships

### 2009

    5th Memorial Davide Fardelli

### 2013

    1st Stage 8 Vuelta a Venezuela