OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philip Marshall Brown

Philip Marshall Brown (July 31, 1875 – May 10, 1966) was an American educator and diplomat, born at Hampden, Maine, and educated at Williams College. In 1900–1901, he served as secretary to Lloyd C. Griscom and from 1901 to 1903 was second secretary for the American Legation of Istanbul. He served as Secretary of legation to Guatemala and Honduras, 1903–1907, and as secretary of the American Embassy of Istanbul, 1907–1908. From the latter year to 1910 he was minister to Honduras. Resigning from the diplomatic service, he was appointed instructor in international law at Harvard University in 1912 and in the following year became assistant professor of international law and diplomacy at Princeton, where he was later appointed professor of international law (1915). He was associate editor of the American Journal of International Law and was an associate member of the Institute of International Law at Brussels. He was the author of Foreigners in Turkey (1914), International Realities (1917), International Society (1923), etc.
Brown also served as the president of the American Peace Society, which publishes World Affairs, the oldest U.S. journal on international relations.
# Lepraria celata

Lepraria celata is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. The powdery greyish-green lichen, described as a new species in 2006, occurs in eastern Europe.

## Taxonomy

The species was described as new to science by Šárka Slavíková-Bayerová in 2006. The type specimen was collected in Ukraine and is housed in the Charles University Herbarium, Prague (PRA). The type specimen was collected in western Ukraine, in the Eastern Carpathians, north of Rakhiv. It was found on the western slope of Terentin Mountain, near its peak, at an elevation of 1,351 m (4,432 ft). The specimen was growing in a shaded fissure of siliceous rocks above the tree line. It was collected on 19 July 2004 by S. Bayerová (specimen number 3448) and is preserved as the holotype in the Charles University (PRA) herbarium. The species epithet celata is derived from the Latin word meaning "hidden", referring to the species' long period of being unrecognised.

## Description

This lichen forms a powdery grey-green to pale grey crust with edges that can be either diffuse or clearly defined. It lacks lobes and has no true inner layer (medulla). The base layer (hypothallus) consists of sparse patches of white threads (hyphae). The reproductive structures consist of abundant fine powder-like granules (soredia) typically measuring 35–50 (although sometimes as low as 20 or as much as 60) μm in diameter. Projecting threads are rarely present on these granules, and when present are short.
The species contains atranorin (which can vary from major to minor quantities) and roccellic/angardianic acid. The results of standard chemical spot tests are K− or + (faint yellowish), C−, and Pd−.

## Habitat and distribution

Lepraria celata grows on soil and plant litter, and on mosses, often in rock crevices. It occurs in open habitats. The species was initially found in Europe (Bulgaria and Ukraine), and is thought to have a wider distribution. Other lichen species that have been found to associate with L. celata include Lecanora intricata, Lepraria eburnea, L. vouauxii, Umbilicaria deusta, and Umbilicaria cylindrica.
# Balaguer Offensive

The Balaguer Offensive was an offensive carried out by the Spanish Republican Army around Balaguer, Catalonia, during the Spanish Civil War. The offensive consisted in a series of counterattacks in the spring and summer of 1938 after the disastrous Aragon Offensive. The offensive was a failure for the Spanish Republic and many lives and military material were wasted.

## History

The offensive was planned by General Vicente Rojo Lluch as a morale-lifting counterattack by Republican military units after the defeats suffered at the Aragon fronts. Historically this battle was part of the longer Battle of the Segre.
The town of Balaguer had fallen in the hands of the rebel faction in a series of vehement surprise attacks between 5 and 6 April 1938, following which the Francoist armies captured the strategic bridge over the Segre River on 10 April when the Republican Army withdrew to the other side of the river.
In order to retake at least the bridgehead of the left bank the 27th, 60th and 72nd divisions of the XVIII Army Corps of the Spanish Republic counterattacked between the 12 and the 15 April. The Republican soldiers however, were mostly very young men – some only 17 years old, hastily recruited and ill-trained – who, despite their enthusiasm, were not successful. Again, another series of efforts to reconquer the Balaguer bridgehead took place between 22 and 29 May, but these were again fruitless and the Republican units had to withdraw in the face of the overwhelming superiority of the enemy, leaving many casualties behind.

### Last effort

After almost three months, together with the wider Republican offensive of the Battle of the Ebro, there was again a series of combats to retake the bridgehead at Balaguer. The attacks were made between 9 and 11 August but the Republican forces were defeated again, being smashed against the superior firepower of the rebel lines.
# Pinoyscincus coxi

Pinoyscincus coxi, Cox's sphenomorphus, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to the Philippines. There are two recognized subspecies.

## Etymology

The specific name, coxi, is in honor of Alvin J. Cox who was Director of the Philippines Bureau of Science.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of P. coxi is forest, at altitudes from sea level to 1,600 m (5,200 ft).

## Reproduction

The mode of reproduction of P. coxi is unknown.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.
* Pinoyscincus coxi coxi (Taylor, 1915)
* Pinoyscincus coxi divergens (Taylor, 1922)
Nota bene: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Pinoyscincus.
# Frank Murdoch

Frank Murdoch (21 February 1904 – 13 June 1996) was a British sailor. He competed in the 6 Metre event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Saint-Martin-de-la-Place

Saint-Martin-de-la-Place (French pronunciation: ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the commune of Gennes-Val-de-Loire. Its population was 1,123 in 2022.
# Ruth Firmenich

Ruth Christina Margarete Firmenich (born 1964) is a German politician from Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht. In the 2024 European Parliament election she was elected a Member of the European Parliament (MEP).

## Life

Ruth Firmenich was born in Cologne in 1964. She studied political science, American studies and German studies at the University of Bonn from 1988 to 1998.
From 1995 to 1998 she worked as an assistant to Steffen Tippach [de], and from 1998 to 2000 as a research assistant to Fred Gebhardt [de]. From 2000 to 2002 she worked as a human rights and Europe advisor for the Party of Democratic Socialism. From 2003 to 2004 she was a research assistant to MEP Feleknas Uca. She was president of the European Parliament Assistants Association (EPAA). Since 2004, Firmenich has worked for Sahra Wagenknecht, initially as a research assistant and since 2009 as head of her Bundestag office in Berlin. From 2012 she was an executive officer, a member of the federal committee until 2016 and a member of the federal executive board of Die Linke until 2018.
In the European elections in 2009 and 2014, she ran unsuccessfully as a candidate for the Die Linke on list position 13. In 2024, she left Die Linke and became a founding member of the Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht. In the 2024 European elections, Firmenich was elected to the European Parliament as fourth place on BSW's list.
# Dr Chau Chak Wing Building

Dr Chau Chak Wing Building is a business school building of the University of Technology Sydney, Australia. It is the first building in Australia designed by Canadian American architect Frank Gehry.

## Description

The tower is named after Chau Chak Wing, a Chinese businessman who donated $20 million for the building's construction. The "Dr" in the building's name refers to honorary doctorates that have been conferred on Chau. The 13-storey tower provides teaching, learning, research and office accommodation for approximately 1,256 students and 326 academic staff. The building's design is based on the idea of a tree-house structure.
The building's façade, which was made of 320,000 custom-designed bricks, is described as the "squashed brown paper bag". Frank Gehry said, "Maybe it's a brown paper bag, but it's flexible on the inside, there's a lot of room for changes or movement."
An entrance from The Goods Line, a pedestrian pathway, is located on the eastern border of the site.

## Construction

Early works on site and archaeological excavation were carried out from late 2011 until early 2012. The building was constructed by Lendlease which was appointed in November 2012.
Construction of the building started in late 2012. The building structure was topped-out in December 2013 and construction was completed in November 2014. The official opening took place on 2 February 2015.

## Awards

The building has won the following awards:
* 2015 AIQS Innovation Project Award
* 2015 Australian Timber Design Award People's Choice Award
* 2015 Good Design Awards: Product Design Hardware and Building
* 2015 Think Brick Awards: Horbury Hunt Commercial Award
* 2015 Master Builders Association NSW Awards: Tertiary Buildings Construction over $100m
* 2016 Australia Engineering Excellence Awards Bradfield Award
# Chojniki, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Chojniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Tomyśl, within Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Nowy Tomyśl and 56 km (35 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.
# Keeping My Mind on Love

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Keeping My Mind on Love is the 16th and final album recorded by Motown recording artist Mary Wells. On the Motorcity label, this was Wells's first new record in seven years: similar to many of the former Motown stars, Wells had signed with Motorcity to build on the new attention garnered by the sales of classic Motown singles. This was one of the few projects from the label to be released: it folded in the early to mid-1990s. After the release of this album, Wells promoted it until she was diagnosed with throat cancer, which took away her voice. Wells died of her illness in July 1992 at the age of 49.

## Track listing

* "My Guy" (Smokey Robinson)
* "Hold on a Little Longer" (Bobby Taylor, Ian Levine)
* "Walk on the City Streets" (Steven Wagner, Ian Levine)
* "Don't Burn Your Bridges" (Fiachra Trench, Ian Levine)
* "What's Easy for Two Is So Hard for One" (Smokey Robinson)
* "Keeping My Mind on Love" (Freddie Gorman, Ian Levine)
* "Stop Before It's Too Late" (Freddie Gorman, Ian Levine, Janie Bradford, Steven Wagner)
* "You're the Answer to My Dreams" (Steven Wagner, Ian Levine)
* "You Beat Me to the Punch" (Smokey Robinson)
* "Once Upon a Time" with Frankie Gaye (Al Hamilton, Clarence Paul, William Stevenson)
# Melinda Szik

Melinda Szik (December 5, 1974 – November 10, 2012) was a female weightlifter from Hungary. She competed for her native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where she finished in ninth place in the women's superheavyweight division (+ 75 kg). She was born in Budapest.
# Chraplewo, Nowy Tomyśl County

Chraplewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kuślin, within Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Nowy Tomyśl and 44 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.
# Chrustowo, Koło County

Chrustowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przedecz, within Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Przedecz, 29 km (18 mi) north-east of Koło, and 139 km (86 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Chruszczyny

Chruszczyny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrów Wielkopolski, within Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Jay Faison

Jay Faison (born November 29, 1967) is an American entrepreneur and a conservative philanthropist focused on climate change from North Carolina. He was founder and CEO of SnapAV. In 2014, he sold the vast majority of his shares in SnapAV and invested $175 million to start the ClearPath Foundation.

## Family life and education

Faison was born in Charlotte, North Carolina, in 1967. His father, Henry Faison, was a prominent real estate developer in Charlotte who founded and chaired Faison Enterprises.
Faison earned a BA in economics from UNC Chapel Hill, and graduated from the University of Virginia Darden School of Business with an MBA in 1995. He lives in Charlotte, with his wife, Olga, and three children, Henry, Hannah and Amelia.

## Career

After business school Faison started and ran Blockbuster Portugal, which had 27 stores. After meeting his wife Olga, he then returned to the U.S. and bought a small home technology company, which grew to be the largest in the Charlotte region. Faison founded SnapAV six years later, in 2005. SnapAV designs and distributes audio-visual equipment to integrators, from speakers to surveillance systems.

## Philanthropy
### ClearPath Foundation

Faison decided to sell his majority-share in SnapAV, and donate most of that money, $175 million, to create the ClearPath Foundation. "I sold my business because I wanted to get into philanthropy during the prime of my career rather than the end of it. It was time to give back." His goal was to accelerate conservative clean energy solutions, generally preferring "innovation instead of regulation" and opposing policy such as the Clean Power Plan and subsidies for wind or solar energy, while promoting expanded fracking, nuclear power, and hydropower. "I always felt a little alone out there as a Republican," Faison said in an interview, "and so I started ClearPath to create a dialogue around this in a way that hadn’t been done before and sort of be part of the solution."
He runs the foundation as its Managing Partner. ClearPath has expanded into three entities: The 501(c)(3) ClearPath Foundation non-profit, ClearPath Action 501(c)(4) lobbying arm and the ClearPath Action Fund super PAC.
ClearPath specifically promotes nuclear, natural gas, carbon capturing technologies for gas and coal generation, hydropower and innovation. The organization's mantra is "more innovation, less regulation."

### Political donations

Faison has been a regular contributor to Republican political candidates. His ClearPath Action Fund spent more than $4.8 million for 15 endorsed Republican candidates in the 2016 election. Thirteen of those endorsements won reelection. He has also donated to many Republicans directly, from Mitch McConnell to Rob Portman to the National Republican Senatorial Committee, including a $500,000 donation to former New Hampshire Senator Kelly Ayotte's SuperPAC.
# Chrząszczewo, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Chrząszczewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wierzbinek, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Vaskovo (disambiguation)

Vaskovo is a village in Bulgaria.
Vaskovo may also refer to:
* Vaškovo, Village in Montenegro
* Vaskovo Airport, Russia
* Vaskovo, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast, village in Russia
* Vaskovo, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast, village in Russia
* Vaskovo, Cherepovetsky District, Vologda Oblast, village in Russia
* Vaskovo, Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, village in Russia
# Chwałkowo Kościelne

Chwałkowo Kościelne is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Książ Wielkopolski, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-east of Książ Wielkopolski, 21 km (13 mi) east of Śrem, and 50 km (31 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# John K. Caldwell

John Kenneth Caldwell (October 16, 1881 – June 27, 1982) was an American diplomat who served as Minister Resident and Consul General to multiple countries.

## Early life

John Kenneth Caldwell was born on October 16, 1881, in Piketon, Ohio.

## Career

In 1906, he began his career in diplomacy. In 1909, he served as deputy consul general in Yokohama, Japan. In 1911, he served as vice consul in Port Arthur in the Japanese Kwantung Leased Territory. From 1920 to 1921, he served as a consul in Kobe, Japan and later served as the secretary of the Tokyo embassy from 1921 to 1924. From 1932 to 1935, he served as a consul general in Sydney, Australia. From 1935 to 1941, he served as a consul general in Tientsin, China and maintained his position after the Japanese took control of the city.

## World War I

From 1914 to 1920, he served as the consul in Vladivostok, Russia until he was reassigned to Kobe, Japan. During World War I he was tasked with aiding German prisoners of war in Siberia and later wrote a report on the Nikolayevsk incident that occurred during the Japanese intervention in Siberia.

## Narcotics control during the Prohibition era

For five years during the Prohibition era, Caldwell served on the advisory committee of the Federal Narcotics Control Board (FNCB), as the representative from the Department of State to facilitate the work of the Board, and the Secretary of State, in implementing tariffs on imported opium. The duties of the board were absorbed by the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) in 1930, and the FNCB was dissolved. Around this time, Caldwell served as US delegate to the League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee. Caldwell was also the US delegate to the Preliminary Conference on the Limitation of the Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs in London.
From March 27 to July 31, 1931, Caldwell served as the Chairman of the US delegation to the Conference on the Limitation of the Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs in Geneva. As Chairman, he was in charge of the delegation that included Narcotics Commissioner Harry J. Anslinger, Dr. Walter L. Treadway of Mental Hygiene, and California State Narcotic Commissioner Sanborn Young.

## Ambassador to Ethiopia

On April 14, 1943, he was appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to serve as the ambassador to Ethiopia under the title of consul general and presented his credentials on August 31, 1943. However, his title was later changed to Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary on October 7, 1943, and he presented his credentials again on December 9, 1943. He would continue to serve as the ambassador to Ethiopia until August 26, 1945.

## Later life

In 1948, he moved to Robles del Rio, California and later moved to Carmel, California in 1967. In 1971, his wife Grace died. In 1973, he wrote a memoir, but did not publish it. On June 27, 1982, he died.
# Cienia Trzecia

Cienia Trzecia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opatówek, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Opatówek, 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Kalisz, and 117 km (73 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Jim Molinaro

James Anthony Molinaro (born April 27, 1981) is an American former professional football offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Washington Redskins in the 2004 NFL draft in the sixth round with the 180th overall pick. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame.

## Early life

Molinaro was a USA Today "Honorable Mention All-American" during his high school football career at Bethlehem Catholic High School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
Molinaro was named a "First-team Associated Press Big School All-State" selection in 1997 and again in 1998, his junior and senior years. In 1997, he was one of five finalists for the "Pennsylvania Lineman of the Year Award", posting 46 tackles, 17 of them solo, 12.5 sacks, four tackles for losses, 15 forced passes and one batted pass.
During his senior year at Bethlehem Catholic in 1998, Molinaro recorded 18 solo tackles, 29 assists, 11.5 sacks, 8 forced passes, and 4 batted passes, helping lead Bethlehem Catholic to a 7–4 record. Molinaro was a three-year starter for Bethlehem Catholic, earning four letters in football as an offensive and defensive tackle.

## College career

Molinaro was recruited out of Bethlehem Catholic by the University of Notre Dame. After redshirting his first season, Molinaro played as a reserve defensive tackle in 2000, during which he posted one solo tackle.
In 2001, Molinaro appeared in six games, seeing most of his action on special teams, but starting at right tackle in Notre Dame's game against the United States Naval Academy. In 2002, Molinaro appeared in every game for the Fighting Irish and had two starts, mostly playing offensive lineman and appearing on special teams. In 2003, Molinaro started every game for the Fighting Irish and graded out at 83.1 percent for blocking consistency, posting 104 knockdown blocks. He was named both an "All-Independent" and "Super Sleeper" selection by The NFL Draft Report following his senior year at Notre Dame.

## Professional career
### Washington Redskins

Molinaro entered the 2004 NFL draft and was selected in the sixth round, with the 180th overall selection, by the Washington Redskins. With the Redskins, he appeared in 24 games in his first two NFL seasons (2004 and 2005). In 2005, he helped lead the Redskins to their first NFL playoff appearance since 1999.

### Dallas Cowboys

On March 21, 2007, he signed with the Dallas Cowboys.

## Post-NFL career

Molinaro is active in real estate development in 2015 he was nominated “40 under 40” in the Piedmont Triad region of North Carolina. Molinaro has been involved in various retail, industrial, and commercial developments in North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. He resides in Summerfield, North Carolina with his wife Erin (married in 2013) and son James Anthony Molinaro III (born in 2016).
# Norbert Franck

Norbert Franck (28 May 1918 – 4 October 2006) was a Luxembourgish swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Tisens

Tisens (German:; Italian: Tesimo) is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of the city of Bolzano.
The commune is home to Katzenzungen Castle which harbors a 350+ year old vine of the Italian wine grape variety Versoaln that is considered one of the world's oldest and largest single grapevines in existence.

## Geography

As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 1,845 and an area of 38.1 square kilometres (14.7 sq mi).
The municipality of Tisens contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Gfrill (Caprile), Grissian (Grissiano), Naraun (Narano), Platzers (Plazzoles), Prissian (Prissiano), and Schernag.
Tisens borders the following municipalities: Gargazon, Lana, Nals, St. Pankraz, and Unsere Liebe Frau im Walde-St. Felix.

## History
### Coat-of-arms

The shield is quartering of argent and gules; in the first and fourth part is a rose gules, in the second and third a sable erect bear. It is the coat of Family Frank who managed the village from 1551 until 1743. The emblem was granted in 1966.

## Society
### Linguistic distribution

According to the 2024 census, 96.62% of the population speak German, 3.10% Italian and 0.28% Ladin as first language.
# Judge John E. Cooper House

The Judge John E. Cooper House, at 709 N. Main St. in West Liberty, Kentucky, was built in 1872. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
It is a two-story central passage plan I-house.