OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2015 Boyd Tinsley Women's Clay Court Classic

The 2015 Boyd Tinsley Women's Clay Court Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, on 27 April–3 May 2015.

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Sachia Vickery | 126 | 1 |
| USA | Grace Min | 128 | 2 |
| POR | Michelle Larcher de Brito | 133 | 3 |
| USA | Anna Tatishvili | 134 | 4 |
| USA | Louisa Chirico | 140 | 5 |
| ARG | Paula Ormaechea | 156 | 6 |
| ROU | Patricia Maria Țig | 178 | 7 |
| USA | Maria Sanchez | 183 | 8 |
| SRB | Jovana Jakšić | 216 | 9 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 20 April 2015

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Usue Maitaine Arconada
* Tornado Alicia Black
* Julia Elbaba
* Rianna Valdes
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Nicole Frenkel
* Elizaveta Ianchuk
* Vojislava Lukić
* Storm Sanders
The following player received entry by a lucky loser:
* Angelina Gabueva
The following player received entry from a protected ranking:
* Jessica Pegula
The following player received entry by a special exempt:
* Katerina Stewart

## Champions
### Singles

* Allie Kiick def. Katerina Stewart, 7–5, 6–7$^{(3–7)}$, 7–5

### Doubles

* Françoise Abanda / Maria Sanchez def. Olga Ianchuk / Irina Khromacheva, 6–1, 6–3
# 2015 Charlottesville Men's Pro Challenger

The 2015 Charlottesville Men's Pro Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour, taking place in Charlottesville, United States from November 2 to November 8, 2015.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| TUN | Malek Jaziri | 92 | 1 |
| AUS | James Duckworth | 99 | 2 |
| USA | Tim Smyczek | 101 | 3 |
| USA | Ryan Harrison | 107 | 4 |
| USA | Bjorn Fratangelo | 129 | 5 |
| USA | Jared Donaldson | 135 | 6 |
| SLO | Blaž Kavčič | 154 | 7 |
| GBR | Liam Broady | 224 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of October 26, 2015.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Collin Altamirano
* Ernesto Escobedo
* Ryan Shane
* Mac Styslinger
The following player received entry as an alternate:
* Tommy Paul
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Takanyi Garanganga
* Stefan Kozlov
* David Rice
* Noah Rubin

## Champions
### Singles

* Noah Rubin def. Tommy Paul 3–6, 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–3

### Doubles

* Chase Buchanan / Tennys Sandgren def. Peter Polansky / Adil Shamasdin 3–6, 6–4, [10–5]
# 1988 Cameroonian general election

General elections were held in Cameroon on 24 April 1988 to elect a President and National Assembly. The country was a one-party state at the time, with the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement as the sole legal party. Its leader, incumbent Paul Biya was the only candidate in the presidential election, and was re-elected unopposed.
For the first time since 1960 voters had a choice of candidates in the National Assembly election, with two or more CPDM candidates contesting each constituency, and a total of 324 candidates running for the 180 seats in the enlarged Assembly. Nevertheless, the CPDM won all 180 seats with a 90.3% turnout.

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Paul Biya | Cameroon People's Democratic Movement | 3,321,872 | 100.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 3,321,872 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,321,872 | 98.75 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 42,218 | 1.25 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 3,364,090 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,634,568 | 92.56 |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||

### National Assembly

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Cameroon People's Democratic Movement | 3,179,898 | 100.00 | 180 | +60 |
| Total | Total | 3,179,898 | 100.00 | 180 | +60 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,179,898 | 96.86 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 102,986 | 3.14 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 3,282,884 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,634,568 | 90.32 | | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. ||||||
# Chayko

Chayko is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandr Chayko, Russian military commander
* Belinda Chayko, Australian film director and screenwriter
* Mary Chayko, American sociologist and Distinguished Teaching Professor of Communication and Information at Rutgers University
# Cyprus–Serbia relations

Cyprus–Serbia relations are considered as strong, due to common European policies and the sharing of Orthodoxy as a common religion. Cyprus has been a supporter of Serbia in its efforts to join the EU. Likewise, Serbia has been advocating a stable Cyprus after the Turkish invasion in 1974 and supporting a lasting solution to the Cyprus dispute. Cyprus has an embassy in Belgrade. Serbia has an embassy in Nicosia.
Today, Serbia and Cyprus cooperate on foreign policy, finance, military matters and culture. Both countries are members of the Council of Europe and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Cyprus is also an EU member and Serbia is an EU candidate.

## Kosovo Independence

Cyprus is one of the five European Union countries that does not recognise Kosovo's independence. During its EU presidency, Cyprus has not changed its policy towards Kosovo and continues to support Serbia on its European integration course. The Cypriot Minister of Commerce assessed that Serbia should be given more time to fulfil the European Council and Commission's conditions set for commencement of the accession negotiations. If those conditions are fulfilled, Cyprus will continue to support Serbia.

## Accession of Serbia to the European Union

Cyprus supported the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Belgrade to start EU accession talks by December 2012. The Foreign Minister of Cyprus Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis underlined the Cyprus Presidency's priority on enlargement in a state visit in Belgrade in July 2012, including the Western Balkans region and Serbia.

## Religious relations

The Cypriot Orthodox Church has had excellent relations with the Serbian Orthodox Church, including acquiring and giving humanitarian aid to Serbia during the wars. However, these relations have extended also to the Serbian state. Regarding the latter, the Church of Cyprus has supported "Serbian positions even on the matter of the secession of Montenegro from the Federation", as well as supporting Serbia on Kosovo. Likewise, the Serbian Orthodox Church has supported Cypriot national positions on Cyprus. Like the other orthodox churches, the Church of Cyprus does not recognize the self-declared autocephaly of the Macedonian Orthodox Church and considers it part of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

## Economic cooperation

Annually, the Cyprus-Serbian Business Association forums take place in Nicosia or Belgrade. The main objective of the Association is to provide effective and practical assistance in engaging and enhancing the economic and trade relations between Cyprus and Serbia. Another purpose of the Association is organizing various events including conferences and seminars in Cyprus and Serbia where business delegations from either country can attend and be advised on existing business opportunities by individuals.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Cyprus has an embassy in Belgrade.
* Serbia has an embassy in Nicosia.
# Vanessa Waldref

Vanessa Ruth Waldref (born 1980) is an American lawyer who has served as the United States attorney for the Eastern District of Washington since October 2021.

## Early life and education

Waldref is a native of Spokane, Washington. Her sister, Amber Waldref, served as a member of the Spokane City Council. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Georgetown University in 2002 and a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center in 2008.

## Career

Waldref served as a law clerk for Judge John D. Bates of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. She was an associate at Morrison & Foerster from 2008 to 2010, Lukins & Annis from 2010 to 2011, and Lee & Hayes from 2012 to 2013. She served as an Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Washington from 2013 to 2020. She has most recently served as a trial attorney in the United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division.

### United States attorney

Waldref was nominated to serve as United States attorney for the Eastern District of Washington on July 26, 2021. On September 23, 2021, her nomination was reported out of committee. On September 30, 2021, her nomination was confirmed in the United States Senate by voice vote. She was sworn into office on October 7, 2021, by chief judge Stanley Bastian.

## Personal life

Waldref and her husband, Jeff Brogan, have a child and live in Spokane, Washington.
# Budiměřice

Budiměřice is a municipality and village in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Budiměřice consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Budiměřice (355)
* Rašovice (159)
* Šlotava (114)

## Etymology

The name is derived from the personal name Budimír or Budiměr, meaning "the village of Budimír's/Budiměr's people".

## Geography

Budiměřice is located about 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Nymburk and 42 km (26 mi) east of Prague. It lies in a flat agricultural landscape in the Central Elbe Table. The Mrlina River flows through the municipality.

## History

The first written mention of Budiměřice is from 1374.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 572 | — |
| 1880 | 667 | +16.6% |
| 1890 | 786 | +17.8% |
| 1900 | 868 | +10.4% |
| 1910 | 978 | +12.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 961 | −1.7% |
| 1930 | 913 | −5.0% |
| 1950 | 687 | −24.8% |
| 1961 | 663 | −3.5% |
| 1970 | 654 | −1.4% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 621 | −5.0% |
| 1991 | 536 | −13.7% |
| 2001 | 558 | +4.1% |
| 2011 | 600 | +7.5% |
| 2021 | 628 | +4.7% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

The main landmark of Budiměřice is the Church of Saint Procopius. The oldest church was built in the Gothic style in the 14th century, but it was destroyed by a fire in 1803. The current church was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1879–1881.
# 2019 US Open – Wheelchair women's doubles

Two-time defending champion Diede de Groot and her partner Aniek van Koot defeated Sabine Ellerbrock and Kgothatso Montjane in the final, 6–2, 6–0 to win the women's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2019 US Open. With the win, they completed the Grand Slam, and van Koot completed the triple career Grand Slam.
De Groot and Yui Kamiji were the defending champions, but did not compete together. Kamiji partnered Giulia Capocci, but was defeated in the semifinals by de Groot and van Koot.

## Seeds

* Diede de Groot / Aniek van Koot (champions)
* Marjolein Buis / Dana Mathewson (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Bracket

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Diede de Groot Aniek van Koot | 6 | 7 | | | | | |
| | Giulia Capocci Yui Kamiji | 2 | 5 | | | | | |
| | Giulia Capocci Yui Kamiji | 2 | 5 | | 1 | Diede de Groot Aniek van Koot | 6 | 6 |
| | | | | | | Sabine Ellerbrock Kgothatso Montjane | 2 | 0 |
| | Sabine Ellerbrock Kgothatso Montjane | 6 | 4 | [10] | | Sabine Ellerbrock Kgothatso Montjane | 2 | 0 |
| 2 | Marjolein Buis Dana Mathewson | 1 | 6 | [6] | | | | |
# Fischen

Fischen im Allgäu is a municipality in the district of Oberallgäu in Bavaria in Germany.

## History

During World War II, a subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp was located here.
# Rik Vercoe

Rik Vercoe (born 1970 or 1971) is a British ultramarathon runner from Walton on Thames, Surrey, England. In 2013 he set the British record for most marathons completed in 365 days, having run 152 races at marathon distance and above.
While setting the British record for most marathons in a year, Vercoe won both the Brathay and Irish 10 marathons in 10 days races. He was also one of the first two people to complete the Ultra Running Relentless race, which involves running an average of 30 miles a day for 30 days through all of the 47 counties in England. At the end of 2013, while running 16 marathons in Long Beach, California, Vercoe picked up the world record for the fastest aggregate time for 10 marathons in 10 days.
Aged 43, he also set a new world record at the 2014 London Marathon for the fastest marathon dressed as a cowboy in a time of 3:09:09. He took 32 minutes off the previous record. However, he was beaten by 39 seconds by the 'fastest jockey'. After completing the race he said:
   I have to say that running dressed in blue jeans and leather chaps was not the best of ideas on one of the hottest days of the year so far. Needless to say I will indeed be walking like a cowboy for at least a week.
Previously, Vercoe competed in the 2010 North Pole Marathon, representing Great Britain and finishing in second place in a time of 5:07:30 behind Joep Rozendal of the Netherlands. In April 2013, he ran the Marathon des Sables, often billed as the toughest race on earth, finishing in 39th place out of 1,024 runners, then a few days later ran the London Marathon in his desert attire to raise more funds for his chosen charity, the Brathay Trust.
Aside from running, Vercoe is an avid scuba diver. By 2010, he had made over 1400 dives in 30 locations worldwide. He has written a number of guide books on diving:
* Vercoe, Rik (2008). Hurghada: Diving Guide. Travelling Diver.
* Vercoe, Rik (2008). Sharm el Sheikh: Diving Guide. Travelling Diver.
* Vercoe, Rik (2007). Red Sea Wrecks - Northern Egypt: Site-by-site Dive Guide.
* Vercoe, Rik (2012). Northern Wrecks and Reefs Liveaboard: Diving Guide. Travelling Diver.
* Vercoe, Rik (2008). Safaga: Site-by-site Dive Guide. Travelling Diver.
* Vercoe, Rik (2012). El-Gouna: Diving Guide. Travelling Diver.
# Robert James Patterson

Rev Robert James Patterson B.A LL.B (also styled as R.J Patterson) (1 January 1868 - 9 October 1930) was an Irish Presbyterian minister, social reformer, and the founder of the worldwide Catch-My-Pal Total Abstinence Union. He was born in Whitecross, County Armagh and was brought up by his Aunt (Helena Reid) and Uncle (Rev. James Patterson) in Bray, County Wicklow.
Rev Patterson read Law, gaining his LLB at Trinity College Dublin.
He met his wife, Sophia ('May'), when working in London and she returned to Ireland with him where they had two sons, Samuel Canon Wiltshire Patterson, and James Hamilton Reid Patterson, whilst living in Armagh.
Rev. Robert Patterson was the Minister of the 3rd Armagh Congregation of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, where he was ordained, who went on to become full-time Organising Secretary of the Union and was later Minister of the Crumlin Road Congregation in Belfast. Patterson was a pioneer in the field of Presbyterian/Roman Catholic Inter-Church relations. The movement attracted a large number of followers in Ireland and Great Britain. In 1914 Patterson claimed that "About 140,000 men and women joined the Union during the first year in Ireland; and almost 500 branches were formed in less than two years'.
As the Catch-My-Pal movement grew, and Patterson's book 'The Happy Art of Catching Men: A story of Good Samaritanship' was published in 1914, his travel schedule became extensive, travelling over 21,000 miles in just one year around the USA and Canada. The dedication in his book to his wife referenced this frequent travel.
Rev Patterson died at home in Belfast in October 1930 from a heart condition, surviving his two sons, and three and half years before the birth of his first grandchild. He is buried in Dundonald Cemetery with his wife.
# 1982 JSL Cup

Statistics of JSL Cup in the 1982 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 20 teams, and Furukawa Electric won the championship.

## Results
### 1st round

* Furukawa Electric 3–1 Yomiuri
* Teijin 2–1 Saitama Teachers
* Hitachi 0–1 Nippon Steel
* Fujita Industries 10–0 Kofu

### 2nd round

* Mitsubishi Motors 4–1 Toyota Motors
* Furukawa Electric 6–1 Nissan Motors
* Sumitomo Metals 1–1 (PK 4–1) Teijin
* Nippon Kokan 1–1 (PK 5–4) Fujitsu
* Yamaha Motors 1–0 Tanabe Pharmaceuticals
* Nippon Steel 1–1 (PK 3–4) Toshiba
* Yanmar Diesel 1–1 (PK 7–6) Fujita Industries
* Mazda 1–3 Honda

### Quarterfinals

* Mitsubishi Motors 3–4 Furukawa Electric
* Sumitomo Metals 0–6 Nippon Kokan
* Yamaha Motors 1–0 Toshiba
* Yanmar Diesel 3–0 Honda

### Semifinals

* Furukawa Electric 1–1 (PK 4–3) Nippon Kokan
* Yamaha Motors 0–0 (PK 2–4) Yanmar Diesel

### Final

* Furukawa Electric 3–2 Yanmar Diesel
Furukawa Electric won the championship
# Pablo Arraya

Pablo Guillermo Arraya (born 21 October 1961) is a former tennis player from Peru.
Arraya was born in Córdoba, Argentina, and moved to Peru at a young age with his family. He began playing tennis at nine years old and turned professional in 1980. He represented his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, where he was defeated in the first round by Argentina's Javier Frana. He won one career title in singles. He reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 13 August 1984, when he became the number 29 of the world. He was the first player beaten by Andre Agassi in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament at the French Open in 1987. His sister is Laura Arraya, a former tennis player. He is now a trainer and owner of the Arraya Tennis Academy in Key Biscayne.

## Career finals
### Singles (1 title, 4 runner-ups)

| Result | W/L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Sep 1981 | Madrid, Spain | Clay | Ivan Lendl | 3–6, 2–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Sep 1982 | Bordeaux, France | Clay | Hans Gildemeister | 5–7, 1–6 |
| Win | 1–2 | Sep 1983 | Bordeaux, France | Clay | Juan Aguilera | 7–5, 7–5 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Nov 1983 | Toulouse, France | Carpet | Heinz Günthardt | 0–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 1–4 | Sep 1986 | Palermo, Italy | Clay | Ulf Stenlund | 2–6, 3–6 |

### Doubles (1 title, 3 runner-ups)

| Result | W/L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Aug 1982 | North Conway, U.S. | Clay | Eric Fromm | Sherwood Stewart Ferdi Taygan | 2–6, 6–7 |
| Win | 1–1 | Sep 1983 | Palermo, Italy | Clay | José Luis Clerc | Tian Viljoen Danie Visser | 1–6, 6–4, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1–2 | Jun 1988 | Athens, Greece | Clay | Karel Nováček | Rikard Bergh Per Henricsson | 4–6, 5–7 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Jul 1991 | Kitzbühel, Austria | Clay | Dimitri Poliakov | Tomás Carbonell Francisco Roig | 7–6, 2–6, 4–6 |

## Arraya Tennis Academy

Arraya Tennis Academy was first opened in Lima, Peru in 1980. Laura Arraya and Heinz Gildemeister direct the academy in Peru. The location in Key Biscayne was opened in 1992 and is managed by Gildemeister and Arraya. The academy offers training for beginners and advanced, an after school program, cardio tennis and a summer program.
# Dragoș Coman

Dragoş Coman (born 16 October 1980 in Bucharest) is an international freestyle swimmer from Romania, who represented his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 2000 in Sydney, Australia.
A year earlier, at the European LC Championships 1999 in Istanbul, he won his first medal: a silver one at the 1500 m freestyle. He also won the bronze medal at the 2003 World Championships in Barcelona, in the 400 m freestyle, only being surpassed by Thorpe and Hackett. He is Romania's top swimmer in the 400 and 1500 m freestyle races, winning European Junior gold medals, and several medals in European and world championships. Also he is titleholder in both 400 and 1500 m freestyle, at the World Military Games, winning medals at every edition.
# 2021 US Open – Wheelchair quad singles

Dylan Alcott defeated Niels Vink in the final, 7–5, 6–2 to win the quad singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2021 US Open. With the win, Alcott completed the Golden Slam, becoming the first wheelchair tennis player to do so (alongside Diede de Groot in the women's singles event).
Sam Schröder was the defending champion, but was defeated in the quarterfinals by Vink. This was the first time that the quad singles used a knockout format at the US Open.

## Seeds

* Dylan Alcott (champion)
* Sam Schröder (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Finals

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Dylan Alcott | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Bryan Barten | 0 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Bryan Barten | 0 | 1 | | 1 | Dylan Alcott | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Koji Sugeno | 2 | 1 | | | | |
| | Koji Sugeno | 6 | 4 | 6 | | Koji Sugeno | 2 | 1 | | | | |
| | David Wagner | 4 | 6 | 4 | | | | | | | | |
| | David Wagner | 4 | 6 | 4 | | | | | 1 | Dylan Alcott | 7 | 6 |
| | | | | | | | | | | Niels Vink | 5 | 2 |
| | Heath Davidson | 5 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | Niels Vink | 5 | 2 |
| | Andy Lapthorne | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Andy Lapthorne | 7 | 6 | | | Andy Lapthorne | 6$^5$ | 1 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Niels Vink | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | |
| | Niels Vink | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | Niels Vink | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | |
| 2 | Sam Schröder | 6$^5$ | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
# Ronfeugerai

Ronfeugerai is a commune in the Orne department in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Athis-Val-de-Rouvre. The former commune is part of the area known as Suisse Normande.
# Treen (disambiguation)

Treen is a small household object made of wood.
Treen may also refer to:
* Treen, St Levan, a village on the south coast of the Penwith peninsula in Cornwall, England
* Treen, Zennor, a hamlet near the north coast of the Penwith peninsula in Cornwall, England
** Treen Cove, a tidal beach near the hamlet
* Treen, at one time an administrative unit in the Isle of Man
* Treen Cliff, a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) on the Penwith Peninsula in Cornwall, England
* Treen Peak, a mountain in the USA
* Treens, fictional aliens in the "Dan Dare" space stories

## People

* Treen Morris (born 1944), Irish sailor
* Dave Treen (1980–1984), governor of the U.S. state of Louisiana
* Joyce Treen, Canadian politician
* Mary Treen (1907–1989), American actress
# Juan Manuel Corzo

Juan Manuel Corzo Román (born 3 October 1961) is a Colombian lawyer and politician, currently serving as Senator of Colombia since 2002. A Conservative party politician, he was first elected to Congress as Representative for the Department of North Santander in 1998. He ran and was elected Senator of Colombia in 2002, continuing to be re-elected in 2006 and 2010; he forms part of the First Commission of the Senate.
On 12 April 1999 Corzo was kidnapped along with the 39 other passengers of an Avianca Fokker flight between Bucaramanga and Cúcuta by a command of the National Liberation Army (ELN), a leftist terrorist guerrilla group, and was held captive for 17 months until his release in September 2000.

## Personal life

Juan Manuel was born on 3 October 1961 in Cúcuta to Luis Corzo Ramírez, a lawyer and notary, and his wife Lucila Román. He is married to Isabel Carmenza Sanmiguel Maldonado, a former Miss North Santander, and together have two children: Silvia and Luis Javier.