OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Morgan (swimmer)

John Morgan is an American swimmer who won 13 gold medals across two Paralympic Games. He made his debut at the 1984 Summer Paralympics where he won five golds, then returned at the 1992 Games in Barcelona where he medalled in all ten events in which he competed. Morgan's success at these Games included setting six world records; throughout his career he set a total of 14 world records. He was inducted into the United States Olympic Hall of Fame in 2008 and the United States Association of Blind Athletes' Hall of Fame in 2011.

## Biography

Morgan was born in San Gabriel, California, and was taught to swim in the ocean at Huntington Beach by his parents. He joined the local swim team and worked as a junior lifeguard. The family moved to Argentina, his father's home country, when Morgan was 13. Morgan was finding success as a competitive swimmer and he completed a 20K marathon river swim at the age of 15. While exercising, an accident with a springed exerciser he was holding left Morgan with two detached retinas. Over the next two years his eyesight deteriorated, until in 1980 at age 18 he lost all vision. In 1984, while studying mathematics at University of California, Irvine, he was selected for the All-American Team for open water swimming.
Morgan was competing as a blind swimmer in B1 category events when he attended the International Games for the Disabled, subsequently known as the Paralympic Games, in 1984. He found great success, finishing the tournament with five gold medals. In 1988 he attended the University of California, Berkeley to do his master's degree and consequently missed the Paralympic Games that year. After completing his studies in 1991, he took part in a 35-mile (56 km) open water marathon in Argentina which he completed in 12th position with a time of 8 hours and 24 minutes. Morgan returned for the 1992 Games in Barcelona, again finding success by winning eight golds in backstroke, butterfly, freestyle, and medley events, as well as silver in two breaststroke distances.
Morgan was inducted into the United States Olympic Hall of Fame in 2008 and the United States Association of Blind Athletes' Hall of Fame in 2011.
Aside from swimming, Morgan has pushed himself in other athletic endeavours, including tandem cycling and the successful ascent of Mount Kilimanjaro.
# Danny Patterson

Danny Shane Patterson (born February 17, 1971) is an American former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Texas Rangers (1996–1999) and the Detroit Tigers (2000–2004).
In his career, he is 24–22 with a 4.14 ERA, 250 strikeouts, 112 walks, 9 saves, in 384.1 innings pitched. His best season was in 1997 with the Texas Rangers, where he went 10–6 with a 3.42 ERA. He also walked 23 batters and struck out 69, while also picking up one save.
He was a part of a big trade on November 2, 1999, where the Texas Rangers traded Patterson, Juan González and Gregg Zaun to the Detroit Tigers for Justin Thompson, Francisco Cordero, Gabe Kapler, Bill Haselman, Frank Catalanotto and minor leaguer Alan Webb.
He then signed several minor-league contracts with the San Diego Padres (1-18-05) and the St. Louis Cardinals (8-15-04).
Patterson went to college at Cerritos Junior College in Norwalk, California. He and wife Francine reside in Scottsdale, Arizona with their two children.
Before being drafted to the Texas Rangers, Patterson was a pitcher for the Tulsa Drillers in the early to mid 1990s. At the time the Tulsa Drillers were owned by the Texas Rangers before being bought by the Houston Astros.

## Sources

* Career statistics from Baseball Reference
# Cercomacroides

Cercomacroides is a genus of passerine birds in the family Thamnophilidae.
The genus contains six species:
| Image | Common Name | Scientific Name | Distribution |
| | Willis's antbird | Cercomacroides laeta | northern Amazonia and Pernambouc forests |
| - | Parker's antbird | Cercomacroides parkeri | Colombian Andes |
| | Blackish antbird | Cercomacroides nigrescens | Amazonia and northeastern Guianas |
| | Riparian antbird | Cercomacroides fuscicauda | western Amazonia |
| | Dusky antbird | Cercomacroides tyrannina | Central America, Tumbes–Chocó–Magdalena, Colombian/Venezuelan Andes and northern Amazonia |
| | Black antbird | Cercomacroides serva | western Amazonia |
These species were formerly placed in the genus Cercomacra. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Cercomacra, as then defined, was polyphyletic. The genus was split to create monophyletic genera and six species were moved to the newly erected genus Cercomacroides with the dusky antbird as the type species.
# Claudia Kolb

Claudia Anne Kolb (born December 19, 1949), also known by her married name Claudia Thomas, is an American former competition swimmer, swim coach, two-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in four events.
Born in Haywood, California, Kolb was a graduate of Santa Clara High school and trained with the Santa Clara Swim Club from the age of ten until the end of her Olympic career.

## Olympic swimming

Kolb represented the United States as a 14-year-old at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She competed in the women's 200-meter breaststroke, and received the silver medal for her second-place performance (2:47.6) behind Soviet Galina Prozumenshchikova, who set a new Olympic record (2:46.4). She became the first American woman to win an Olympic medal in the breaststroke.
When Mexico City hosted the 1968 Summer Olympics, Kolb won two gold medals. She dominated her competition in the medley events, winning both the women's 200-meter individual medley (2:24.7) and women's 400-meter individual medley (5:08.5). Kolb set new Olympic records in both events in the preliminary heats and the event finals.

## Achievements and honors

During her career. Kolb won 25 U.S. national AAU Championships and set 23 world records. In 1967 she was named "World Swimmer of the Year" by Swimming World magazine. In 1975 she was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame. In 1999, she was inducted into the San Jose Sports Hall of Fame.

## Coaching

Kolb retired from competitive swimming after the Mexico City Olympics. She has coached swimming at clubs in South Bend, Indiana and Santa Clara, California, and college teams at Stanford University and at Pacific University. Her Stanford swimmers won the 1980 AIAW national team championship. She coached Stanford from 1979-1980, attaining a 7-1 winning record before leaving the team to spend more time with her family. In 2003, she was announced as the head coach of Pacific University's women's swimming program by athletic director Judy Sherman.
She lives in Oregon.
# Kostomlaty pod Milešovkou

Kostomlaty pod Milešovkou (German: Kostenblat) is a municipality and village in Teplice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.
Kostomlaty pod Milešovkou lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Teplice, 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Ústí nad Labem, and 66 km (41 mi) north-west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Kostomlaty pod Milešovkou consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Kostomlaty pod Milešovkou (913)
* Hlince (19)
# Cyril Andresen

Cyril Romain Andresen (23 November 1929 – 12 September 1977) was a Danish competitive sailor and Olympic medalist. He won a silver medal in the Dragon class at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, together with Ole Berntsen and Christian von Bülow.
# Meydan-e Shohada Metro Station

Meydan-e Shohada Metro Station, translated as Shohada Square Metro Station is an interchange station between Tehran Metro Line 4 and Line 6. Originally it started as the eastern terminus of line 4 which got subsequently extended further. Since April 2019 line 6 is terminating here.
The station is located in Shohada Square along 17th of Shahrivar Ave. It is between Ebn-e Sina Metro Station and Darvazeh Shemiran Metro Station.
35°41′25″N 51°26′51″E﻿ / ﻿35.6902°N 51.4476°E﻿ / 35.6902; 51.4476
# Jaromír Paciorek

Jaromír "Jarda" Paciorek (born 11 July 1979) is a Czech former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Paciorek was born in Kroměříž and began his career in a local club, Hanácká Slavia Kroměříž. Soon his talent – including an overview of the game or speed – was detected by coaches of FC Svit Zlín, where Paciorek was later transferred to.
Paciorek played in the Czech under-16 team during 1995 European Under-16 Championship. The championship were successful for him and consequently some famous clubs (e.g. Bayern Munich and Feyenoord Rotterdam) wanted to transfer Paciorek. Eventually Paciorek went to Feyenoord and in his first season he played in the junior team. One year later he was promoted to the senior team, but he did not play any matches there. In 1997, he moved to Excelsior Rotterdam (2nd level). In 1998, he went to Fortuna Sittard, where he played irregularly (31 games over three years) so the club terminated the contract with Paciorek.
In 2001 Paciorek received some offers (among other from Switzerland), but eventually returned to the Czech Republic and signed a contract with 1.FC Brno (1st level). He played only five matches there. At the beginning of 2002–03 season he left the club of his own accord. Then he admitted he has been taking narcotics, commenting it as follows: "give a damn what others think of me".
In 2002, he returned to Hanácká Slavia Kroměříž, but he was not a leading player there. At the beginning of 2006 Paciorek went to Spartak Hulín (Czech Fourth Division), where he played in 36 games. In July 2009 he became a player of the Austrian club SK Eggenburg. In June 2011 he moved to FC Tescoma Zlín but retired in January 2012.
# 2012 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships – Doubles

Max Mirnyi and Daniel Nestor defended the title winning against Ivan Dodig and Marcelo Melo 4–6, 7–5, [10–7].

## Seeds

* Max Mirnyi / Daniel Nestor (champions)
* Jürgen Melzer / Philipp Petzschner (first round)
* František Čermák / Filip Polášek (quarterfinals)
* Santiago González / Christopher Kas (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | M Mirnyi D Nestor | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Anderson M Knowles | 5 | 2 | | 1 | M Mirnyi D Nestor | 7$^{11}$ | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | R Harrison D Kudla | 6 | 6 | | WC | R Harrison D Kudla | 6$^9$ | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Erlich A Ram | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | 1 | M Mirnyi D Nestor | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | |
| 4 | S González C Kas | 6$^1$ | 6$^2$ | | | | | | | | J Isner S Querrey | 6$^3$ | 2 | | | | | |
| | J Isner S Querrey | 7$^7$ | 7$^7$ | | | J Isner S Querrey | 2 | 6 | [15] | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Bogomolov Jr. Ł Kubot | 6 | 4 | [15] | | A Bogomolov Jr. Ł Kubot | 6 | 3 | [13] | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Lipsky R Ram | 2 | 6 | [13] | | | | | | | | | | 1 | M Mirnyi D Nestor | 4 | 7 | [10] |
| | C Fleming R Hutchins | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | I Dodig M Melo | 6 | 5 | [7] |
| | E Butorac B Soares | 6$^5$ | 3 | | | C Fleming R Hutchins | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | TC Huey X Malisse | 5 | 4 | | 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 3 | 6 | [3] | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | C Fleming R Hutchins | 3 | 6$^4$ | | | | | |
| | I Dodig M Melo | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | I Dodig M Melo | 6 | 7 | | | | | |
| WC | R Sweeting B Tomic | 4 | 4 | | | I Dodig M Melo | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Benneteau O Rochus | 6 | 3 | [10] | | J Benneteau O Rochus | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | J Melzer P Petzschner | 1 | 6 | [5] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Ephraim Hanson

Ephraim Hanson (March 10, 1872 – February 5, 1952) was a justice of the Utah Supreme Court from 1929 to 1938.

## Biography

Hanson received his undergraduate degree from the University of Utah and his law degree from the University of Michigan Law School in 1893, gaining admission to the Utah Bar the same year. He practiced law in Sanpete County, Utah, where he served as county attorney. In 1912, he moved to Salt Lake City, practicing law there until he was elected to a seat on the Utah Third Judicial District in 1920. He served on that court for two four year terms.
In 1929, Hanson was appointed to a seat on the state supreme court vacated by the death of Joseph E. Frick. Hanson did not run for re-election in 1940.

## Personal life and death

After graduating from law school in 1893, Hanson married Ella Dorius of Ephraim.
Hanson died of a heart attack at his home in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 79.
# Maria Tumarkin

Maria Tumarkin is an Australian cultural historian, essayist and novelist, and is as of 2019 senior lecturer in the School of Culture and Communication at the University of Melbourne, teaching creative writing.

## Early life and education

Tumarkin was born and raised in Kharkov, then part of the Soviet Union, now in Ukraine. She left her home country in 1989 when she was a teenager, before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
She holds a Bachelor of Arts and a PhD in cultural history from the University of Melbourne. Her PhD was titled "Secret Life of Wounded Spaces: Traumascapes in the contemporary Australia".

## Writing

She writes books of ideas, reviews, essays and pieces for performance.

## Academia and projects

She was an Honorary Artistic Outreach Associate (2015–2016) at the ARC Centre of Excellence for the History of Emotions and a co-creator, with Moya McFadzean, of "The Unending Absence" project.
As of 2021 Tumarkin taught creative writing at the School of Culture and Communication at the University of Melbourne.

## Works
### Books

* Traumascapes: The Power and Fate of Places Transformed by Tragedy (2005)
* Courage (2007)
* Otherland: A Journey With My Daughter (2010)
* Axiomatic (2018)

### Essays (selected)

* This Narrated Life (Griffith Review, 1 May 2014)
* No Skin (2 September 2015)
* Against Motherhood (20 October 2018)

## Awards

* Otherland was shortlisted for the Victorian Premier's Literary Awards, The Age Book of the Year, and New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards.
* "No Skin" was one of five finalists in the 2015 Melbourne Prize for Literature category for essays shorter than 20,000 words
* Axiomatic won the 2018 Melbourne Prize for Best Writing and was shortlisted for the 2019 Victorian Premier's Prize for Nonfiction. It was also shortlisted for the 2019 Stella Prize. and the 2019 NSW Premier's Literary Awards, Douglas Stewart Prize for Non-Fiction.
* Winner of the 2020 Windham-Campbell Literature Prize
# Toby J. Heytens

Toby Jay Heytens (born December 24, 1975) is an American attorney and law professor who is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served as the solicitor general of Virginia from 2018 to 2021.

## Education

Heytens graduated from Macalester College in 1997 with a Bachelor of Arts. He then attended the University of Virginia School of Law, where he was an articles development editor for the Virginia Law Review. He graduated in 2000 with a Juris Doctor and membership in Order of the Coif.

## Career

After graduating from law school, Heytens was a law clerk for chief judge Edward R. Becker of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit from 2000 to 2001. He was a Bristow Fellow in the Office of the Solicitor General of the United States from 2001 to 2002. From 2002 to 2003, he served as a law clerk for Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2003 to 2006, Heytens worked in the Supreme Court and appellate practice group at O'Melveny & Myers in Washington, D.C. From 2007 to 2010, he served as an assistant to the solicitor general at the United States Department of Justice.
Heytens has served as a law professor, first as a visiting assistant professor at Cornell Law School in 2005, and then at the University of Virginia School of Law as an associate professor of law from 2006 to 2007 and again from 2010 to 2014, and as a professor of law from 2014 to 2021.

### Solicitor general of Virginia

On January 9, 2018, Heytens was named Solicitor General of Virginia. He served under Virginia Attorney General Mark Herring, who was reelected in 2017.

### Federal judicial service

In May 2021, Heytens was named as a possible nominee for the upcoming vacancy on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. On June 30, 2021, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Heytens to serve as a United States circuit judge for the Fourth Circuit. On July 13, 2021, his nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Heytens to the seat being vacated by Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, who subsequently assumed senior status on August 31, 2021. On July 28, 2021, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On September 23, 2021, his nomination was favorably reported by the committee by a 14–8 vote. On October 25, 2021, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on his nomination. On October 28, 2021, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 51–31 vote. On November 1, 2021, his nomination was confirmed by a 53–43 vote. He received his judicial commission on November 2, 2021. He was sworn into office on November 4, 2021, by Chief Judge Roger Gregory.
# Iteradensovirus

Iteradensovirus is a genus of viruses in the subfamily Densovirinae of the family Parvoviridae. Insects serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus.

## Taxonomy

The following five species are assigned to the genus:
* Lepidopteran iteradensovirus 1
* Lepidopteran iteradensovirus 2
* Lepidopteran iteradensovirus 3
* Lepidopteran iteradensovirus 4
* Lepidopteran iteradensovirus 5

## Structure

Viruses in Iteradensovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 21-22 nm. Genomes are linear, around 5kb in length.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
| Iteradensovirus | Icosahedral | T=1 | Non-enveloped | Linear | None |

## Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the rolling-hairpin model. DNA templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Insects serve as the natural host.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
| Iteradensovirus | Insects: lepidoptera | Variable | Clathrin-mediated endocytosis | Lysis | Nucleus | Nucleus | Unknown |
# Lax–Wendroff method

The Lax–Wendroff method, named after Peter Lax and Burton Wendroff, is a numerical method for the solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations, based on finite differences. It is second-order accurate in both space and time. This method is an example of explicit time integration where the function that defines the governing equation is evaluated at the current time.

## Definition

Suppose one has an equation of the following form: ${\frac {\partial u(x,t)}{\partial t}}+{\frac {\partial f(u(x,t))}{\partial x}}=0$ where x and t are independent variables, and the initial state, u(x, 0) is given.

### Linear case

In the linear case, where f(u) = Au, and A is a constant, $u_{i}^{n+1}=u_{i}^{n}-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\Delta x}}A\left[u_{i+1}^{n}-u_{i-1}^{n}\right]+{\frac {\Delta t^{2}}{2\Delta x^{2}}}A^{2}\left[u_{i+1}^{n}-2u_{i}^{n}+u_{i-1}^{n}\right].$ Here $n$ refers to the $t$ dimension and $i$ refers to the $x$ dimension. This linear scheme can be extended to the general non-linear case in different ways. One of them is letting $A(u)=f'(u)={\frac {\partial f}{\partial u}}$

### Non-linear case

The conservative form of Lax-Wendroff for a general non-linear equation is then: $u_{i}^{n+1}=u_{i}^{n}-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\Delta x}}\left[f(u_{i+1}^{n})-f(u_{i-1}^{n})\right]+{\frac {\Delta t^{2}}{2\Delta x^{2}}}\left[A_{i+1/2}\left(f(u_{i+1}^{n})-f(u_{i}^{n})\right)-A_{i-1/2}\left(f(u_{i}^{n})-f(u_{i-1}^{n})\right)\right].$ where $A_{i\pm 1/2}$ is the Jacobian matrix evaluated at 1/2 (u$_i$$^n$+u$_{i±1}$$^n$){\textstyle {\frac {1}{2}}(u_{i}^{n}+u_{i\pm 1}^{n})}.

## Jacobian free methods

To avoid the Jacobian evaluation, use a two-step procedure.

### Richtmyer method

What follows is the Richtmyer two-step Lax–Wendroff method. The first step in the Richtmyer two-step Lax–Wendroff method calculates values for f(u(x, t)) at half time steps, t$_{n+1/2}$ and half grid points, x$_{i+1/2}$. In the second step values at t$_{n+1}$ are calculated using the data for t$_n$ and t$_{n+1/2}$.
First (Lax) steps: $u_{i+1/2}^{n+1/2}={\frac {1}{2}}(u_{i+1}^{n}+u_{i}^{n})-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\,\Delta x}}(f(u_{i+1}^{n})-f(u_{i}^{n})),$ $u_{i-1/2}^{n+1/2}={\frac {1}{2}}(u_{i}^{n}+u_{i-1}^{n})-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\,\Delta x}}(f(u_{i}^{n})-f(u_{i-1}^{n})).$
Second step: $u_{i}^{n+1}=u_{i}^{n}-{\frac {\Delta t}{\Delta x}}\left[f(u_{i+1/2}^{n+1/2})-f(u_{i-1/2}^{n+1/2})\right].$

### MacCormack method

Another method of this same type was proposed by MacCormack. MacCormack's method uses first forward differencing and then backward differencing:
First step: $u_{i}^{*}=u_{i}^{n}-{\frac {\Delta t}{\Delta x}}(f(u_{i+1}^{n})-f(u_{i}^{n})).$ Second step: $u_{i}^{n+1}={\frac {1}{2}}(u_{i}^{n}+u_{i}^{*})-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\Delta x}}\left[f(u_{i}^{*})-f(u_{i-1}^{*})\right].$
Alternatively, First step: $u_{i}^{*}=u_{i}^{n}-{\frac {\Delta t}{\Delta x}}(f(u_{i}^{n})-f(u_{i-1}^{n})).$ Second step: $u_{i}^{n+1}={\frac {1}{2}}(u_{i}^{n}+u_{i}^{*})-{\frac {\Delta t}{2\Delta x}}\left[f(u_{i+1}^{*})-f(u_{i}^{*})\right].$
# Cornelia Samuelis

Cornelia Samuelis (born 1972) is a German classical soprano who has performed in opera, oratorio, lieder and chamber music both in her native Germany and internationally. Her many recordings as a soprano soloist include Bach's St Matthew Passion conducted by Ton Koopman and the sacred works of Alessandro Melani conducted by Hermann Max.
Samuelis was born in Gernsbach and completed her studies in singing and violin at the Musikhochschule in Detmold in 1996.
# Bogdaj

Bogdaj is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sośnie, within Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.