OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Super!

Super! is an Italian free-to-air television channel owned by Paramount Networks EMEAA. The channel was launched on 1 September 2010 as DeA Super on Sky Italia. On 18 March 2012 it became free-to-air and had a major rebranding, changing both its graphics and its name to Super!. The network's official speaker is voice actor Renato Novara since 2010.
On 15 September 2017, Viacom acquired 50% of the channel. On October 18, 2019, Viacom took full ownership of Super!. However, the collaboration with DeAgostini continues with a multi-year agreement for original content.

## Programming

Super! shows a variety of programs targeted towards children aged seven to thirteen.
Super! was the first Italian television channel airing a Korean drama, Dream High, from 1 September to 16 October 2013, the only K-drama broadcast in Italy. However, the series was heavily edited, with Korean names being changed to English alternatives (for example, Hye-mi became Sam, Sam-dong became Brian, and Jin-guk became Dylan), episodes being split into two half-hour ones and some scenes cut to reduce the length of the episodes or to censor the content unsuitable for young audiences, mainly blood. An unedited version, featuring the same voice actors of the TV dub, was posted on the K-drama's official Italian YouTube channel from 30 October 2013 to 10 January 2014. During October 2019, a new programming block premiered, Chicchirichì Time, which is aimed at preschoolers, airing series like Shimmer and Shine and Bubble Guppies. The block was later discontinued.
# Zamakh wa Manwakh district

Zamakh wa Manwakh District (Arabic: مديرية زمخ ومنوخ) is a large district of the Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen. It is one of the largest districts in Yemen. As of 2021, the district had a population of 2,333 inhabitants.
# GBU-72

The Guided Bomb Unit‐72 (GBU‐72), also known as the Advanced 5K (A5K) Penetrator, is a bunker busting bomb developed in the United States.

## Description

The GBU-72 is described as a 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) class precision-guided bunker busting bomb which uses a JDAM guidance kit.
The GBU-72 is said to resemble an enlarged GBU-31/B JDAM fitted with a bunker busting BLU-109 or BLU-137/B warhead. It is fitted with the GBU-31/B JDAM’s GPS and INS tail-mounted guidance kit and two long fins fitted to either side of the bomb's underside.
No official data is available for how deep the GBU-72 can penetrate before exploding, although the weapon's program manager has been quoted as saying "lethality [of the GBU-72] is expected to be substantially higher compared to similar legacy weapons like the GBU-28". The capabilities of the later versions of the GBU-28 remain classified, but the earliest versions could reportedly penetrate 150 ft (46 m) of earth and over 15 ft (4.6 m) of reinforced concrete.
The US Air Force's B-1Bs and F-15Es are capable of deploying the GBU-72, along with the Israeli Air Force's F-15Is.

## History

The GBU-72 underwent a series of tests at Eglin Air Force Base. These included a number of ground based tests which included detonating the bomb’s warhead within an array of barriers to measure its blast and other effects, and airborne tests between July and October 2021 which included confirming "the weapon could safely release from the aircraft and validate a modified 2,000-pound joint-direct-attack-munition tail kit’s ability to control and navigate a 5,000-pound weapon."
In May 2024 it was reported that as part of joint American-British strikes during the Red Sea crisis, the US Air Force used a GBU-72 to destroy an underground Houthi facility in Yemen.
On 23 July 2021, the test series consisting of three flights started, planned by the 780th Test Squadron and carried out by the 40th Flight Test Squadron; it aimed to "validate a modified 2,000 pounds (910 kg) Joint Direct Attack Munition tail kit’s ability to control and navigate a 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg) weapon."
In September 2024 it was reported that the Israeli Air Force deployed up to ten GBU-72s on 27 September 2024 to kill Hezbollah's Secretary-General, Hassan Nasrallah, in his underground headquarters complex in Beirut. Subsequent reporting stated 2,000 lb (910 kg) class JDAM-equipped BLU-109 bunker busting bombs were likely used.
On 7 October 2021, an 96th Test Wing McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle released the GBU-72 (known as the GBU-72 Advanced 5K Penetrator), over the Eglin Air Force Base range, which ended the initial testing phase. The program moved on to additional JDAM integration test flights and developmental and operational testing in 2022.
# 2007 Iranian petrol rationing riots

Iranian petrol rationing riots started on 27 June 2007 when the Iranian government introduced petrol rationing. Iranians set fire to at least 12 petrol stations in Tehran, chanting that President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad must be killed.
Private motorists were rationed to 100 litres of petrol a month. Petrol currently sells at the heavily subsidised price of 1,000 rials a litre (approx. €0.08 or US$0.11).
The Iranian government's justification for the rationing was to reduce Iran's vulnerability to potential sanctions by the United Nations Security Council which would be in response to Iran's nuclear programme. Iran had been planning to ration petrol for a year prior, but had postponed the policy out of fear of unrest. The Iranian Parliament voted on May 7 to increase the price of petrol to $0.64, but Ahmadinejad decided to ration it instead. Iranian newspapers have been criticizing the decision, despite a warning prior to the start of the rationing to not report the riots. Iranian newspaper Etemad Melli criticized the decision, saying that it had overwhelmed public transportation, stranding people on the streets, and wondered if the Iranian government enjoys or benefits from causing such difficulties.
Another Iranian newspaper, Seday-e-Edelat, reported that five gallons of petrol sold for US$15 in the southeast regions on Iran on the black market.
# Christopher P. Weggeman

Christopher P. Weggeman (born 1965) is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force who last served as deputy commander of Air Combat Command from 2018 to 2021. He was commissioned through the ROTC program at Purdue University in 1987.

## Awards and decorations

* Master Cyberspace Operator Badge
* US Air Force Command Pilot Badge
* Basic Parachutist Badge
* Joint Chiefs of Staff Badge
* Air Force Distinguished Service Medal
* Defense Superior Service Medal with two bronze oak leaf clusters
* Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster
* Distinguished Flying Cross with Valor device
* Meritorious Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters
* Air Medal with oak leaf cluster
* Aerial Achievement Medal with oak leaf cluster
* Joint Service Commendation Medal
* Air Force Commendation Medal
* Air Force Achievement Medal
* Gallant Unit Citation
* Air Force Meritorious Unit Award
* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with "V" device and two oak leaf clusters
* Combat Readiness Medal with four oak leaf clusters
* National Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star
* Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
* Southwest Asia Service Medal with service star
* Iraq Campaign Medal with service star
* Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
* Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
* Korea Defense Service Medal
* Nuclear Deterrence Operations Service Medal
* Air Force Overseas Short Tour Service Ribbon
* Air Force Overseas Long Tour Service Ribbon
* Air Force Expeditionary Service Ribbon with gold frame
* Air Force Longevity Service Award with one silver and two bronze oak leaf clusters
* Air Force Training Ribbon
* Kuwait Liberation Medal (Saudi Arabia)
* Kuwait Liberation Medal (Kuwait)

## Effective dates of promotions

| Rank | Date |
| Second Lieutenant | August 13, 1987 |
| First Lieutenant | August 13, 1989 |
| Captain | August 13, 1991 |
| Major | September 1, 1997 |
| Lieutenant Colonel | May 1, 2000 |
| Colonel | February 1, 2006 |
| Brigadier General | June 5, 2012 |
| Major General | June 24, 2016 |
| Lieutenant General | August 21, 2018 |
# Päraküla, Viljandi County

Päraküla is a village in Põhja-Sakala Parish, Viljandi County in central Estonia. It has a population of 107 (as of 2009).
# Swimming at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metre freestyle S5

The women's 200m freestyle S5 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics took place at the Beijing National Aquatics Center on 9 September. There were two heats; the swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final.

## Results
### Heats

Competed from 10:15.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Teresa Perales | Spain | 2:58.91 | Q |
| 2 | Theresa Goh | Singapore | 3:18.51 | Q |
| 3 | Yuka Kawamura | Japan | 3:22.29 | Q |
| 4 | Sugako Takeuchi | Japan | 3:40.02 | |
| 5 | Cheryl Angelelli | United States | 3:44.56 | |
| 6 | Adri Visser | South Africa | 3:52.72 | |
| 7 | Aimee Bruder | United States | 3:57.63 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Inbal Pezaro | Israel | 2:53.94 | Q |
| 2 | Olena Akopyan | Ukraine | 2:54.20 | Q |
| 3 | Lisette Teunissen | Netherlands | 3:23.57 | Q |
| 4 | Nely Miranda | Mexico | 3:28.20 | Q |
| 5 | Genevieve Pairoux-Lagardere | France | 3:31.97 | Q |
| 6 | Katalin Engelhardt | Hungary | 3:32.37 | |
| 7 | Nadia Porras | Mexico | 3:36.09 | |
| 8 | Diana Zambo | Hungary | 3:56.25 | |

### Final

Competed at 19:13.
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Teresa Perales | Spain | 2:47.47 |
| | Inbal Pezaro | Israel | 2:49.51 |
| | Olena Akopyan | Ukraine | 2:52.51 |
| 4 | Theresa Goh | Singapore | 3:14.22 |
| 5 | Lisette Teunissen | Netherlands | 3:22.89 |
| 6 | Yuka Kawamura | Japan | 3:24.31 |
| 7 | Nely Miranda | Mexico | 3:32.08 |
| 8 | Genevieve Pairoux-Lagardere | France | 3:34.02 |
Q = qualified for final.
# Al Maghrabah district

Al Maghrabah District is a district of the Hajjah Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 64,440 inhabitants.
# Terne

Terne plate is a form of tinplate: a thin steel sheet coated with an alloy of lead and tin. The terne alloy was in the ratio of 10-20% tin and the remainder lead. The low tin content made it cheaper than other tinplates.
Terne plate was used for tinsmithed sheet metal goods, such as storage vessels, jugs and funnels, particularly for industrial use with flammable liquids. Unlike tinplate, it was not used for long-term storage or around food items, owing to the high lead content. Terne plate has also been used for roofing, as a cheaper alternative to zinc or lead.
Until 2012 lead had been replaced with the metal zinc and was used in the ratio of 50% tin and 50% zinc. This alloy had a low melting point of approximately 360 °F (182 °C) but is no longer available. Today terne-coated metal is coated with 99.9% tin, instead of hot-dipping, a more consistent galvanic deposition process is applied. Additionally the substrate has been changed from steel to stainless steel, benefitting from the corrosion resistance of stainless steel alloys. The pure tin alloy makes soldering easier, as the melting point is homogenised and doesn't need to match the melting point of two metals with different melting temperatures.

## Use

Terne was historically used to coat sheet steel to inhibit corrosion. It was one of the cheapest alloys suitable for this, and the tin content was kept at a minimum while still adhering to a hot-dipped iron sheet, to minimize the cost.
Historical terne metal must be painted. Terne metal can last 90 years or more if the paint is maintained. Terne-coated stainless steel (TCS II or Roofinox), or copper is commonly used to replace terne metal roofs as either material will outlast terne metal. Terne-coated stainless steel roofing can last 100 years or more unpainted; copper roofing can last 50 years or more unpainted.
Terne II used zinc in place of lead for environmental reasons. Today's aesthetic behavior is the main reason and benefit of the tin coating. Tin develops a natural matte grey patina when exposed to the elements. The result of the weathering process depends on the environment and climate conditions present. Depending on the environment and atmospheric conditions different substrate alloys are used. The stainless steel alloy 439 is ferritic and is used for normal environments; for coastal applications, the austenitic stainless steel alloy 316L is used providing an increased corrosion resistance to chlorides.

## Terminology

The term "terne" is derived from the French word for "dull" and was probably in reference to its dull appearance in comparison to the shiny surface of tinplate.
Terne-coated steel is also known as terne-metal and often referred to as "tin" (see the Slate Roof Bible). Traditional terne-coated steel cannot be purchased anymore; it has been replaced by a terne-coated stainless steel product (Roofinox tin-plated (Terne)), available at most roofing supply stores.
# Bill Graham (baseball)

William Albert Graham (January 21, 1937 – October 26, 2006) was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher in Major League Baseball for two seasons in the 1960s. He played for the Detroit Tigers in 1966 and the New York Mets in 1967, and compiled a 1–2 record, with a 2.45 earned run average, and 16 strikeouts in 29+1⁄3 innings pitched.
He was born in Flemingsburg, Kentucky, and later died there at the age of 69.
# Kijowiec-Szyszynek

Kijowiec-Szyszynek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ślesin, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# PP-191 Okara-VII

PP-191 Okara-VII (پی پی-191، اوكاڑا-7) is a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab.

## General elections 2024

Provincial election 2024: PP-191 Okara-VII :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | PML(N) | Mian Muhammad Munir | 46,256 | 34.89 | |
| | Independent | Muhammad Saleem Sadiq | 44,995 | 33.94 | |
| | Independent | Abdur Rehman | 18,202 | 13.73 | |
| | TLP | Muhammad Arif | 7,895 | 5.96 | |
| | PPP | Sajjad UI Hassan | 7,699 | 5.81 | |
| | JI | Muhammad Afzal Awan | 2,439 | 1.84 | |
| | Others | Others (twenty six candidates) | 5,095 | 3.83 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 135,787 | 48.94 | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 132,581 | 97.64 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 3,206 | 2.36 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,261 | 0.95 | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 277,460 | | |
| | hold | hold | hold | hold | hold |

## General elections 2018

Provincial election 2018: PP-189 Okara-VII :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PML(N) | Muneeb UI Haq | 69,561 | 57.45 |
| | PTI | Muhammad Saleem | 40,580 | 33.52 |
| | TLP | Maqsood Ahmad | 6,358 | 5.25 |
| | PPP | Muhammad Rafique Sajid | 2,534 | 2.09 |
| | Others | Others (eleven candidates) | 2,043 | 1.69 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 122,837 | 53.72 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 121,076 | 98.57 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 1,761 | 1.43 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 28,981 | 23.93 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 228,680 | |

## General elections 2013

| Contesting Candidates | Party Affiliation | Votes Polled |

## General elections 2008

| Contesting Candidates | Party Affiliation | Votes Polled |
# As Sabrah District

As Sabrah District is a district of the Ibb Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 69,872 inhabitants.
# Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine; Академија наука и умјетности Босне и Херцеговине) is the national academy of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Academy, based in the capital city of Sarajevo, is the leading non-university public research institution in the country. The institution was established in 1951, during the time when the PR Bosnia and Herzegovina was a constituent part of Yugoslavia, as the Scientific Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina and upgraded into the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1966.

## History

The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina arose out of the Scientific Society, founded in 1951, by the decision of the Assembly of the People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the highest state authority in the country, on the formation of the Scientific Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Scientific Society continued to operate as the highest-level institution concerned with science until the Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina passed a Law on the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1966. Its first president between 1966 and 1968 was Vaso Butozan. The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina is charged, pursuant to this Law, with responsibility for the overall development of science and the arts, with organizing scientific research and arts-related events, with publishing papers written by its members and associates, and in general with the state of science and the arts and their development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Academy is a wholly independent body, governed solely by the principles and interests of science and the independent convictions of its members. The Academy's Statute governs all aspects of its organization, management and operations in all the fields in which it is active.

## Departments

The Academy is made up of six departments:
* Social sciences
* Medicine sciences
* Technical sciences
* Natural sciences and mathematics
* Literature
* Arts

## Committees

Committees include:
* Library and documentation
* Council for international cooperation
* Publication council
* Scientific, technological and social development

## Notable people
### Presidents

* Vaso Butozan (1966–1968)
* Branislav Đurđev (1968–1971)
* Edhem Čamo (1971–1977)
* Alojz Benac (1977–1981)
* Svetozar Zimonjić (1981–1990)
* Seid Huković (1990–1999)
* Božidar Matić (1999–2014)
* Miloš Trifković (2014–2020)
* Muris Čičić (2020–present)

### Honorary members

* Josip Broz Tito elected 19 November 1969
* Ivo Andrić elected 23 December 1969
* Rodoljub Čolaković elected 23 December 1969
* Edvard Kardelj elected 29 April 1971
* Vladimir Bakarić elected 18 April 1974
* Ivan Supek elected 14 May 2002
* Bogdan Bogdanović elected 14 May 2002
* Adil Zulfikarpašić elected 14 May 2002
# Indolepropionamide

Indolepropionamide (IPAM) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C$_{11}$H$_{12}$N$_2$O. In vivo (rats), IPAM markedly reduced the proton potential collapse induced by the mitochondrial toxins to nearly baseline levels in both young and old rats and demonstrated free-radical scavenging properties. IPAM was shown to increase complex I and complex IV activity in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, however complex II and complex III were left unchanged. Decreased activity of complexes I and IV results in an inhibition of electron transport that is associated with higher production of ROS. IPAM can also act as a recyclable electron and proton carrier, facilitating reversible endogenous radical and redox reactions, and thereby enabling the formation of a proton gradient that drives mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Thus, IPAM acts as a stabilizer of energy metabolism in mitochondria, thereby reducing the production of reactive oxygen species.
IPAM-treated rotifers (Philodina acuticornis) had a lifespan extended by approximately 300%, the number of offspring increased by 3.4 times and body length increased by 1.47 times, in comparison with IPAM-untreated rotifers. Researchers noted that such a lifespan extension in this particular rotifer species is the highest that was ever observed to date in any study. Indolepropionamide shows potential as an anti-aging molecule, a mitochondrial metabolism modifier and may have a therapeutic value in age-related neurodegenerative, and mitochondrial diseases.
In rodents, IPAM was detected as endogenously occurring and its levels can be slightly increased after administration of L-tryptophan (but not isopropyl alcohol or melatonin). IPAM has high bioavailability as it can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier and remain at high concentrations in rat brains for several hours. In rats, IPAM was administered at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg.
# Kijowiec-Ściany

Kijowiec-Ściany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ślesin, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Volley Tricolore

Volley Tricolore is a professional volleyball team based in Reggio Emilia, Italy. It plays in the second level of the Italian Volleyball League. The club was formed in 2012 with the merging of the local teams of Correggio and Scandiano with Cavriago, which was playing the games of the Italian second tier in Reggio Emilia. Volley Tricolore plays its home games in PalaBigi, an arena located in the city and shared with Pallacanestro Reggiana.

## History

Men's volleyball always had a good tradition in Reggio Emilia, but every team (La Torre, Volley Reggiano and Latte Giglio) that played in the highest level got relegated or dismantled due to bankruptcy during the years; however international players like Henk-Jan Held and Krysztof Stelmach and famous coach Ljubomir Travica have been involved in Reggio Emilia's volley. Volley Tricolore took the space of Edilesse Cavriago in the Italian second division, but after the first season (2012–13) the club auto-relegated to the third division due to economic difficulties due to the abandon of the project by Correggio. In the last three seasons, Tricolore won promotion back to the Serie A2, and played two times in the Promotion Playoffs.

## Notable players and coaches

* Santiago Orduna
* Andrii Diachkov
* Alessandro Tondo
* Davide Benaglia
* Michel Guemart
* Yvan Arthur Kody
* Leano Cetrullo
* Ludovico Dolfo
* Giulio Silva
* Thomas Douglas Powell

## Team

Team roster - season 2017/2018 :
| Conad Reggio Emilia ||||||
| No. | Name | Date of birth | Position |
| 1 | Simone Bonante | (1992-04-06)April 6, 1992 | setter |
| 2 | Arturo Iglesias | (1995-11-22)November 22, 1995 | setter |
| 4 | Samuel Onwuelo | (1997-04-18)April 18, 1997 | opposite |
| 5 | Davide Cester | (1997-03-05)March 5, 1997 | opposite |
| 6 | Andrea Ippolito | (1985-11-16)November 16, 1985 | outside hitter |
| 7 | Alberto Bellini | (1987-06-07)June 7, 1987 | outside hitter |
| 8 | Tim Held | (1998-04-17)April 17, 1998 | outside hitter |
| 9 | Lorenz Koraimann | (1993-05-07)May 7, 1993 | outside hitter |
| 10 | Nicola Sesto(C) | (1987-05-11)May 11, 1987 | middle blocker |
| 11 | Matteo Bortolozzo | (1989-08-01)August 1, 1989 | middle blocker |
| 12 | Alessandro Arienti | (1993-12-07)December 7, 1993 | middle blocker |
| 14 | Jacopo Ferrari | (1998-05-10)May 10, 1998 | middle blocker |
| 15 | Davide Morgese(L) | (1996-06-16)June 16, 1996 | libero |
| 16 | Michele Raffaele (L) | (1999-03-06)March 6, 1999 | libero |
| Head coach: Henk-Jan Held Assistant: Paolo Zambolin ||||
# Arakimentari

Arakimentari is a 2004 American documentary film directed by Travis Klose, produced by Jason Fried, from Troopers Films by Regis Trigano and Dylan Verrechia, about acclaimed and controversial Japanese photographer Nobuyoshi Araki. The film looks at Araki's personal life as well as his art. Arakimentari won Best Score for DJ Krush's music, and Audience Award for Best Documentary at the Brooklyn Film Festival.

## Cast

* Nobuyoshi Araki as himself
* Björk as herself
* Richard Kern as himself
* Takeshi Kitano as himself
# Gabil Mamedov

Gabil Abil ogly Mamedov (Russian: Габил Абил оглы Мамедов; born 19 April 1994) is a Russian boxer of Azerbaijani origin. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.