# 1855 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1855.

## Events

* January – Samuel Orchart Beeton's weekly The Boys' Own Magazine, "an illustrated journal of fact, fiction, history and adventure", begins publication in London.
* January 5 – Anthony Trollope's novel The Warden, the first of his Chronicles of Barsetshire, is published in London by Longman as he begins to write the second, Barchester Towers.
* February 25 – The comedy De Scholtschäin, by Edmond de la Fontaine writing as Dicks, becomes the first play to be performed in the language of Luxembourg.
* June 29 – The Daily Telegraph newspaper begins publication in London.
* July 4 – Walt Whitman's first edition of his book of poems titled Leaves of Grass is published in Brooklyn, New York.
* September 27 – Alfred Tennyson reads from his new book Maud and other poems at a social gathering in the home of Robert and Elizabeth Browning in London. Dante Gabriel Rossetti makes a sketch of him doing so.
* October – Victor Hugo moves to Hauteville House, Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, in the Channel Islands, accompanied by his mistress, Juliette Drouet.
* December
** Charles Dickens publishes the first instalment of Little Dorrit, which continues to appear into 1857.
** Thomas Babington Macaulay's best-selling History of England in four volumes is completed.
* unknown dates
** Alexander Afanasyev begins publication of his collection of Narodnye russkie skazki [National Russian Tales].
** John Camden Hotten opens a bookselling business in London, which is the origin of the publisher Chatto & Windus.
** Faris al-Shidyaq publishes the metafiction Sâq 'ala al-sâq (Leg over Leg), the first modern Arabic novel, in Paris.
** The first Luxembourg novel in French, Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste, is published shortly after the death of its author, Félix Thyes (born 1830).
** Belarusian writer Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich publishes «Гапон» (Hapon) in the Russian Empire, the first poem written wholly in modern Belarusian.

## New books
### Fiction

* Gheorghe Asachi – Ziua din urmă a municipiului Iașenilor (The Last Day of Iași Municipality)
* Cuthbert Bede (pseudonym) – The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green (other volumes, 1856 and 1857)
* Gustav Freytag – Debit and Credit (Soll und Haben)
* Elizabeth Gaskell – North and South
* James Grant – The Yellow Frigate (also entitled The Three Sisters)
* Mary Virginia Hawes – The Hidden Path
* Caroline Lee Hentz – Robert Graham
* Paul Heyse – "L'Arrabbiata" (The Fury, short story)
* Washington Irving – Wolfert's Roost
* Gottfried Keller – Green Henry (Der grüne Heinrich)
* Charles Kingsley – Westward Ho!
* Herman Melville
** Israel Potter
** The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids
** Benito Cereno
* Gérard de Nerval – Aurelia
* Giovanni Ruffini – Doctor Antonio
* Ann Sophia Stephens – The Old Homestead
* William Makepeace Thackeray – The Newcomes
* Félix Thyes – Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste
* Anthony Trollope – The Warden (first in the Chronicles of Barchester series of six books)

### Children

* Božena Němcová – The Grandmother

### Drama

* Émile Augier – Le Mariage d'Olympe
* Dicks
** De Scholtschäin
** D'Mumm Sèiss
* Léon Gozlan – Le Gâteau des reines
* Henrik Ibsen – The Feast at Solhaug
* Andreas Munch – En Aften paa Giske
* Watts Phillips – Joseph Chavigny
* Ivan Turgenev – A Month in the Country (published as Two Women)

### Poetry

* Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – The Song of Hiawatha
* Walt Whitman – Leaves of Grass

### Non-fiction

* David Brewster – Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton
* John Brown – Slave Life in Georgia
* Pedro Carolino – O novo guia da conversação em portuguez e inglez (translated as English as She is Spoke)
* Frederick Douglass – "My Bondage and My Freedom"
* Washington Irving – The Life of George Washington, Volumes 1 and 2
* George Sand – Histoire de ma vie (The Story of My Life)
* William Smith – Latin–English Dictionary based upon the works of Forcellini and Freund
* Leo Tolstoy – Sevastopol Sketches (Севастопольские рассказы, Sevastopolskiye rasskazy)
* Alfred Russel Wallace – "On the Law Which has Regulated the Introduction of Species" (in Annals and Magazine of Natural History, September)

## Births

* February 21 – Elizabeth Robins Pennell, American biographer and critic based in London (died 1936)
* April 4 – Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai, Indian dramatist (died 1897)
* April 27 – Margaret Wolfe Hungerford, Irish novelist (died 1897)
* May 1 – Marie Corelli (Mary Mackay), English novelist (died 1924)
* May 21 – Emile Verhaeren, Belgian Symbolist poet writing in French (died 1916)
* May 24 – Sir Arthur Wing Pinero, English dramatist (died 1934)
* July 7 – Ludwig Ganghofer, German novelist (died 1920)
* July 19 – Alexander Ertel, Russian novelist and short story writer (died 1908)
* August 7 – Stanley J. Weyman, English novelist (died 1928)
* September 12 – William Sharp, Scottish poet and biographer (died 1905)
* September 22 – Alice Zimmern, English writer, translator and suffragist (died 1939)
* October 26 – Jessie Wilson Manning, American author and lecturer (died 1947)
* October 30 – Pyotr Gnedich, Russian writer and poet (died 1925)
* November 4 – William Ritchie Sorley, Scottish philosopher (died 1935)
* December 15 – Maurice Bouchor, French poet and sculptor (died 1929)
* December 28 – Juan Zorrilla de San Martín, Uruguayan poet (died 1931)
* unknown date
** Solomon Cleaver, Canadian story teller, novelist and pastor (died 1939)
** Florence Huntley, American journalist, editor, humorist and occult author (died 1912)

## Deaths

* January 3 – János Majláth, Hungarian poet and historian (born 1786)
* January 10 – Mary Russell Mitford, English dramatist and novelist (born 1787)
* January 25 – Dorothy Wordsworth, English poet and diarist (born 1771)
* January 26 – Gérard de Nerval (Gérard Labrunie), French poet and essayist (suicide, born 1808)
* February 4 – Gottfried Christian Friedrich Lücke, German theologian (born 1791)
* March 31 – Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet (born 1816)
* June 29 – Delphine de Girardin, French poet and novelist (born 1804)
* July 12 – Karl Spindler, German novelist, (born 1796)
* September 4 – Emma Tatham, English poet (born 1829)
* September 27 – John Adamson, English antiquary and scholar of Portuguese (born 1787)
* November 11 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (born 1813)
* November 19 – Mihály Vörösmarty, Hungarian poet and dramatist (born 1800)
* November 26 – Adam Mickiewicz, Poland's national poet (cholera, born 1798)
* December 3 – Robert Montgomery, English poet (born 1807)
* unknown date – Sunthorn Phu, Thai poet (born 1786)