OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1501 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1501.

## Events

* Italic type (cut by Francesco Griffo) is first used by Aldus Manutius at the Aldine Press in Venice, in an octavo edition of Virgil's Aeneid. Manutius also publishes an edition of Petrarch's Le cose volgari and first adopts his dolphin and anchor device.
* The first volume of Harmonice Musices Odhecaton, the first collection of polyphonic music printed from movable type, is published by Ottaviano Petrucci in Venice.

## New books
### Prose

* Desiderius Erasmus – Handbook of a Christian Knight (Enchiridion militis Christiani)
* Margery Kempe – The Book of Margery Kempe (posthumous)
* Nilakantha Somayaji – Tantrasamgraha

### Drama

* Conradus Celtis – Ludus Diannae

### Poetry

* Gavin Douglas – The Palice of Honour (approximate date of composition)
* Marko Marulić – Judita (in Croatian)

## Births

* February 24 – Sixt Birck, German humanist dramatist and scholar (died 1554)
* unknown dates
** Bonaventure des Périers, French author and poet (suicide 1544)
** Maurice Scève, French poet (died c. 1564)
** Basilio Zanchi, Italian humanist Latin-language poet, scholar and librarian (died 1588) (born c. 1435)
* probable – Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish soldier and poet (died 1536)

## Deaths

* January 3 – Ali-Shir Nava'i, Timurid dynasty philosopher and Chagatai language poet (born 1441)
* August (probable) – Constantine Lascaris, Greek scholar and grammarian (born 1434)
* September 26 – Džore Držić, Croatian poet and playwright (born 1461)
# 1981–82 Santosh Trophy

The 1981–82 Santosh Trophy was the 38th edition of the Santosh Trophy, the main State competition for football in India. It was held in Corporation Stadium, Trichur (now Thrissur), Kerala. Bengal beat Railways 2–0 in the final.

## Quarter-finals

This is an incomplete list of matches reconstructed from articles about the tournament.

### Group B
## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Bengal | 3–0 | Karnataka | 0–0 | 3–0 |
| Railways | 2–1 | Kerala | 1–0 | 1–1 |

### Matches

Bengal won 3–0 on aggregate.
Railways won 2–1 on aggregate.
# Erbium(III) nitrate

Erbium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of erbium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Er(NO$_3$)$_3$. The compound forms pink crystals, readily soluble in water, also forms crystalline hydrates.

## Synthesis

Dissolving metallic erbium in nitric acid:
    Er + 6 HNO$_3$ → Er(NO$_3$)$_3$ + 3 NO$_2$ + 3 H$_2$O ↑
Dissolving erbium oxide or hydroxide in nitric acid:
    Er(OH)$_3$ + 3 HNO$_3$ → Er(NO$_3$)$_3$ + 3 H$_2$O ↑
Reaction of nitrogen dioxide with metallic erbium:
    Er + 3 N$_2$O$_4$ → Er(NO$_3$)$_3$ + 3 NO ↑

## Physical properties

Erbium(III) nitrate forms pink hygroscopic crystals.
Forms crystalline hydrates of the composition Er(NO$_3$)$_3$·5H$_2$O.
Both erbium(III) nitrate and its crystalline hydrate decompose on heating.
Dissolves in water and EtOH.

## Chemical properties

The hydrated erbium nitrate thermally decomposed to form ErONO$_3$ and then to erbium oxide.

## Applications

It is used to obtain metallic erbium and is also used as a chemical reagent.
# Khakwani

Khakwani (Urdu: خاکوانی) is a caste among Multani Pathans present in the Multan and Bahawalnagar districts in southern Punjab, Pakistan.
Khakwanis trace their descent from the Pashtun Khogiyani tribe, which originated from the Khogyani District in the present-day Afghanistan, and migrated to Multan during the Durrani period in the 18th-century. Their most notable member, Ali Mohammad Khan, was the governor of Multan for Ahmed Shah Abdali between 1751 and 1764. Khakwanis have largely assimilated into the local population and are Siraiki-speaking. They have had large landholdings in the Kabirwala, Vehari and Mailsi tehsils, and have been politically prominent in the region.

## Notable people with the surname

* Nasiruddin Khakwani
* Ishaq Khan Khakwani
* Muhammad Ali Raza Khakwani
* Ali Mohammad Khan Khakwani
# Americium(III) nitrate

Americium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of americium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Am(NO$_3$)$_3$. The compound is soluble in water and radioactive.

## Synthesis

Reaction of americium and nitric acid:
    8 Am + 30 HNO$_3$ → 8 Am(NO$_3$)$_3$ + 3 N$_2$O + 15 H$_2$O

## Chemical properties

Americium(III) nitrate thermally decomposes to form americium(III) oxide.
It forms crystal hydrates.
# Hypobapta xenomorpha

Hypobapta xenomorpha is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1915. It is found in Australia.
# Estonia in the Eurovision Young Musicians

Estonia has participated in the biennial classical music competition Eurovision Young Musicians six times since its debut in 1994, most recently taking part in 2018. The country's best result is a third-place finish in 1996.

## Participation overview

Table key :
| 3 | Third place |
| Year | Entrant | Instrument | Final | Semi |
| 1994 | Marko Martin | Piano | - | - |
| 1996 | Hanna Heinmaa | Piano | 3 | - |
| 1998 | Hando Nahkur | Piano | Did not qualify | - |
| 2000 | Anna-Liisa Bezrodny | Violin | Did not qualify | - |
| 2002 | Michael Paull | Guitar | Did not qualify | - |
| 2004 | Jaan Kapp | Piano | - | - |
| 2006–2016 | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate |
| 2018 | Tanel-Eiko Novikov | Percussion | Did not qualify | - |
# 1504 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1504.

## Events

* Unknown dates
** Walloon poet Jean Lemaire de Belges joins the court of Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy.
** Aldus Manutius publishes his edition of Demosthenes in Venice.

## New books
### Prose

* Pomponius Gauricus – De sculptura et pictura antiquorum
* Jacopo Sannazaro – Arcadia (romance)

### Drama

* Beunans Meriasek (in Cornish)

### Poetry

* Pierre Gringore – Les Abus du monde
* Thomas More – Fortune Verses (c. 1504)

## Births

* October 29 – Shin Saimdang, Korean calligrapher and poet (died 1551)
* November – Giovanni Battista Giraldi ("Cinthio"), Italian novelist and poet (died 1573)
* c. December – Nicholas Udall, English schoolmaster playwright (died 1556)
* unknown date – Ranabai, Hindu mystical poet (died 1570)

## Deaths

* August 28 – John Paston, English gentleman, author and recipient of some of the Paston Letters (born 1444)
* September 24 – Bartolomeo della Rocca ("Cocles"), Italian astrologer (born 1467)
* unknown dates
** Petrus Haedus (Pietro Cavretto), Italian priest and writer (born 1427)
** Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo, Castilian author (born c. 1450)
# Legislative Assembly of Acre

The Legislative Assembly State of Acre (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Acre) is the legislative body in the government of the state of Acre in Brazil.
It is composed of 24 state deputies and located in Rio Branco, Acre.
# Heymonsicambria

Heymonsicambria is a Cambrian genus of pentastomid from the Orsten of Sweden, containing five species, H. kinnekullensis, H. scandica, H. repetskii, H. taylori and H. gossmannae.

## Description

Heymonsicambria varies from 470 micrometers long in H. scandica to 710 micrometers long in H. repetskii. While H. kinnekullensis is incomplete, having broken at the second segment, the other three species have complete fossils. All four species have a dorsoventrally flattened head with two pairs of head limbs on the ventral side. H. repetskii, unusually, has no vestigial trunk limbs, suggesting that this trait is variable within the genus. It also has much smaller head limbs than the other species, which further shows its unusual nature. Alongside this, its head limb sockets are fused with the trunk. H. scandica is relatively similar to H. kinnekullensis, however its head limbs are proportioned differently, with larger "fingers" and its segments are waisted, as opposed to mostly tubular in H. kinnekullensis. H. gossmannae differs from both H. scandica and H. kinnekullensis through its hardly raised head, the roundness of its oral region and orientation of its head limbs. H. kinnekullensis has a head around 2.4 times wider than long, with a relatively sclerotised trunk and small finger-like last podomeres on the head limbs. H. taylori is distinguished by the shape of its head limbs, alongside the length ratios of its trunk portions. It also has partially fused limb sockets, alongside ill-developed limb podomeres, therefore it is likely transitional between H. repetskii and the other species. Unusually, H. taylori is also known from the lowest Ordovician of Canada, thereby being the youngest known record of the genus, and the only one known from outside of Sweden. This genus, alongside other Orsten pentastomids, is likely a larval form with the adults not being preserved.

## Etymology

Heymonsicambria honours R. Heymons, alongside deriving from the Cambrian age of the fossil. The species H. kinnekullensis and H. scandica refer to the location of the fossils, the former referring to them being from Kinnekulle and the latter referring to Scandia, the Latin name of a region in southern Sweden. The species H. repetskii honours John Repetski, and H. gossmannae honours Annemarie Gossmann, an assistant of Klaus Müller. H. taylori honours Professor John H. Taylor, who provided the specimens of the pentastomid.
# Anna Hannevik

Anna Hannevik (9 August 1925 – 27 January 2025) was a Norwegian Salvation Army Commissioner.

## Biography

Hannevik was born on 9 August 1925 in Datong, China, to missionaries Ingvald Andreas Hannevik and May Thompson.
She held various positions in the Salvation Army in Norway, England and Ireland. She chaired the social work in Norway ("slumsøstrene") from 1968 to 1975, and the social work in Britain and Ireland from 1975. From 1982 she served as international secretary for the Salvation Army in Europe, and she served as Territorial Commander for the Sweden chapter of The Salvation Army from 1986 to 1990. She was a board member of the Norwegian National Women's Council, and a member of Statens Eldreråd [no]. She was decorated Commander of the Order of the Polar Star, and received the Paul Harris Medal. Hannevik died on 27 January 2025, at the age of 99.

## Selected works

* Report by non-governmental organisations in preparation for the end of decade world conference to be held in Nairobi from 15-26 July 1985 : topic : social services and welfare. S.l. : Women's National Commission. 1984. OCLC 779047589.
# Murabit al-Hajj

Muhammad Ould Fahfu al-Massumi (c. 1913 – July 17, 2018), Sidi Muhammad Bin Salik Ould Fahfu al-Amsami, better known as Murabit al-Hajj was a Mauritanian Islamic scholar who devoted his life to worship, learning and teaching Islamic sciences. Teachers and students from around the world would often travel to study under his guidance. Based in a remote village in Mauritania, he trained hundreds, if not thousands of scholars, including Hamza Yusuf.

## Hajj

In the 1930s, Sidi Salik Ould Fahfu travelled to Mecca on foot to perform the Hajj; when he returned, he was given the title, Murabit al-Hajj.

## Influence

In 2016, he was selected by The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre amongst 'The 500 Most Influential Muslims'.

## Family

He was married to Maryam Bint Muhammad al-Amin Ould Muhammad Ahmad Bwayba Maryam Bint Bwayba, who memorized the entire Qur’an as well as the basic Maliki texts and Imam al-Nawawi's book of prayers and supplications (Kitab al-Adhkar).

## Gallery

* Murabit Al-Hajj With Ibrahim Osi-Efa
* Murabit Al-Hajj with Hamza Yusuf and Ali al-Jifri.
# Sadra, Gandhinagar

Sadra is a village, on the banks of Sabarmati River, in Gandhinagar Taluka in Gandhinagar district of Gujarat state, India.

## History

Sadra was a military post during Mughal period and was known as Islamabad. The village was under Vasna State during British period and served as the headquarters of the Mahi Kantha Agency. When, in 1821, the Mahi Kantha Agency was established, a piece of land near the village was rented from the Vasna Thakor for a station. In the ground was a small fort said to have been built by Ahmed Shah I (1411-1443), when he built the fort of Ahmednagar in 1426.
As per 2009 stats, Sadra village is also a gram panchayat. According to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Sadra village is 511242 The total geographical area of village is 1214.71 hectares. Sadra has a total population of 5,989 peoples. There are about 1,205 houses in Sadra village. The total population of village is 5989 with gender distribution for males is 3115 and for female is 2874.
# Kiki Palmer

Giulia Fogliata (July 11, 1907 – August 11, 1949), better known by her stage names Kiki Palmer and Daniela Palmer, was an Italian stage, film, and radio actress.

## Life and career

Born in Milan, after an occasional acting experience at the Teatro degli Arcimboldi Palmer left her university studies in medicine to become an actress. After studying acting under Ida Carloni Talli, in 1931 she began using the 'Kiki Palmer' stage name. Palmer was one of the most well known and highly regarded Italian stage actresses of her time, and came to be highly regarded outside of Italy as well. From 1938-1939, Palmer used the stagename "Palma Palmer", a name suggested to her by artist Gabriele D'Annunzio.
Palmer committed suicide in Rome on August 11, 1949 after the death of her friend Eva Mangili, who she considered a second mother.

## Personal life

Palmer was the adoptive mother of actor Renzo Palmer.

## Selected filmography

* The Wedding March (1934)
* La luce del mondo (1935)
# List of districts in the Gambela Region

Gambela(Named after ANUAK chief who lived alone in a hut [Ken Doig in Menelik's journal (philatelic, USA) p323-324]
This is a list of the woredas (districts), in their zones of the Gambela Region of Ethiopia, based from materials on the Central Statistical Agency website.
# 1990 Venda coup d'état

The 1990 Venda coup d'état was a bloodless military coup in Venda, an unrecognised state and a nominally independent South African homeland for the Venda people, which took place on 5 April 1990. The coup was led by the then 48-year-old Colonel Gabriel Ramushwana, the Chief of Staff of the Venda Defence Force, against the government of President Frank Ravele (NPV).
Ramushwana's military government stayed in power until January 1994, several months before the reunification of Venda with South Africa after the first post-apartheid general election.
# Boop

Boop may refer to:

## Nature

* Astata boops, a species of wasp
* Boops, a genus of saltwater fishes
** Boops boops, a species of saltwater fish
* Eubetia boop, a species of moth
* Haplochromis boops, a species of cichlid
* Ophthalmotilapia boops, a species of fish
* Polysphincta boops, a species of wasp
* Rosa 'Betty Boop', a cultivar of rose
* Selar boops, a species of fish

## Film and television

* Betty Boop, a cartoon character and cousin of Buzzy
* Buzzy Boop, a cartoon character and cousin of Betty
* "Boop" (Shrinking), a 2023 television episode

## Medicine

* Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, an inflammation in the lungs
# 1507 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1507.

## Events

* August 26 – Following the death of Jean Molinet (see Deaths section), Jean Lemaire de Belges is appointed historiographer to the court of Charles, Duke of Burgundy.
* September 15 – King James IV grants Walter Chepman and Androw Myllar a patent to found the first printing press in Scotland.

## New books
### Prose

* Matthias Ringmann (probably) – Cosmographiae Introductio (to accompany Martin Waldseemüller's globe and map)
* Francesco Spinacino – Intabollatura de lauto (earliest known published scores for lute)

### Poetry

* Jean Lemaire de Belges – Les Chansons de Namur
* Baptista Mantuanus
** Mantuan Georgius
** Obiurgatio cum exortatione ad capienda arma contra infideles ad Potentatos Christianos (Charge and exhortation over the arms of infidels against Christian potentates)
** Parthenese
* Jean Marot – Le Voyage de Gênes

## Births

* January 25 – Johannes Oporinus, Swiss printer (died 1568)
* April 13 – Konrad Hubert, German religious reformer and hymn writer (died 1577)
* June 6 – Annibale Caro, Italian poet and translator (died 1566)

## Deaths

* July 5 – (Petrus) Crinitus (Pietro Crinito), Florentine Italian humanist scholar and Latin-language poet (born 1474)
* August 23 – Jean Molinet, French Burgundian poet, chronicler and composer (born 1435)
* November 6 – Pietro Casola, travel writer (born 1427)
# 1509 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1509.

## Events

* unknown dates
** Alexander Barclay's The Shyp of Folys of the Worlde and Henry Watson's The Shyppe of Fooles appear. Both are English verse translations ultimately deriving from Sebastian Brant's satire Das Narrenschiff (1494).
** Desiderius Erasmus writes The Praise of Folly while staying with Thomas More in England.
** The early 14th-century verse romance Richard Coer de Lyon is first published, by Wynkyn de Worde in England.

## New books
### Prose

* Desiderius Erasmus – Stultitiae Laus (The Praise of Folly)
* Fortunatus (published in Augsburg)
* Francesco Guicciardini – Storie fiorentine (History of Florence)
* Manjarasa – Samyukta Koumudi
* Luca Pacioli – De divina proportione (illustrations by Leonardo da Vinci)
* John Stanbridge – Vulgaria

### Drama

* Ludovico Ariosto – I suppositi

### Poetry

* Stephen Hawes
** The Convercyon of Swervers
** A Joyfull Medytacyon to all Englande
** The History of Graunde Amour and la Bel Pucel, conteining the knowledge of the Seven Sciences and the Course of Mans Life in this Woride or The Pastyme of Pleasure

## Births

* April 25 – Thomas Vaux, English court poet (died 1556)
* July 10 – John Calvin, French Protestant religious leader and writer (died 1564)
* August 3 – Étienne Dolet, French humanist writer and printer (executed 1546)
* unknown dates
** Kanaka Dasa, Indian Kannada poet, philosopher, musician and composer from Karnataka (died 1609)
** William Turner, English ornithologist and cleric (died 1568)

## Deaths

* June 28 – John Filipec, Bohemian royal advisor and later monk, proprietor of a printing press (born 1431)
* unknown date
** Aliénor de Poitiers, Burgundian courtier and writer (born c.1444)
** Juraj Šižgorić, Croatian poet writing in Latin (born c. 1440/1445)
# 1512 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1512.

## Events

* unknown dates
** Urbatagirk (Armenian: Ուրբաթագիրք, "The Book of Friday"), the first printed book in the Armenian language, is printed in Venice by Hakob Meghapart.
** The concept of the masque is brought to Britain by King Henry VIII of England.

## New books
### Prose

* Desiderius Erasmus – Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style (De Utraque Verborum ac Rerum Copia)
* Henry Medwall – Fulgens and Lucrece
* Huldrych Zwingli – De Gestis inter Gallos et Helvetios relatio
* Il-yeon – The Samguk Yusa (Korean)

### Poetry

* Hieronymus Angerianus – Erotopaegnion
* Stephen Hawes – The Comfort of Lovers
* Thomas Murner
** Schelmenzunft (Guild of Rogues)
** Narrenbeschwörung (Muster of Fools)
Uncertain date
* Syr Degore (written pre-1325)

## Births

* Thomas Sébillet, French writer on poetry (died 1589)
* Unknown dates
** Thomas Beccon, English Protestant reformer and writer (died 1567)
** Cristóvão Falcão, Portuguese poet (died c. 1557)

## Deaths

* October 14 – Dietrich Gresemund, German humanist writer (born 1477)
* Unknown date – Enveri, Ottoman Turkish historian and poet
# 1520 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1520.

## Events

* unknown dates
** Scholars at Complutense University, Alcalá de Henares, under the direction of Diego Lopez de Zúñiga, complete the Complutensian Polyglot Bible.
** Ulrich von Hutten's satirical poem Aufwecker der teutschen Nation (Awakener of the German Nation) is published – his earliest work in German.

## New books
### Prose

* Hochstratus Ovans
* Martin Luther
** To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation (An den christlichen Adel deutscher Nation)
** On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church (De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium)
** On the Freedom of a Christian
* Niccolò Machiavelli – Discourse on Reforming the Government of Florence (Discorso sopra il riformare lo stato di Firenze)
* Shin Maha Thilawuntha – Yazawin Kyaw (Burmese), supplement
* Ruyijun zhuan (claimed completion date)

### Drama

* John Heywood – Johan Johan The Husband
* Approximate year – Niccolò Machiavelli: Andria

### Poetry

* Robert Copland – L'enuoy of Robert Coplande (published in London by Wynkyn de Worde)
* Terence (translated) – Terens in Englysh (published in Paris)
* Approximate year
** John Lydgate – Testament
** Alexander the Great
** The Squire of Low Degree (written c. 1500; published in London by Wynkyn de Worde)

## Births

* March 3 – Matthias Flacius, German Lutheran theologian (died 1575)
* unknown date
** François Baudouin, French humanist historian (died 1573)
** Natalis Comes, Italian mythologist, poet and historian (died 1582)
** Denis Lambin, French classicist (died 1572)
* probable
** Hernando de Acuña, Spanish poet (died 1580)
** Giovanni Bona de Boliris, Italian humanist, poet and writer, writing in Latin and Italian (died 1572)
** Thomas Churchyard, English author and poet (died 1604)
** Pernette Du Guillet, French poet (died 1545)
** Jorge de Montemor, Portuguese novelist and poet, writing in Spanish (died 1561)
** Christophe Plantin, French-born Dutch humanist and printer (died 1589)
** Madeleine Des Roches (Madeleine Neveu), French author, poet and salonnière (died 1587)
** Alexander Scott, Scottish poet (died 1582/83)
** Georg Thym, German teacher, poet and writer (died 1560)

## Deaths

* March 16 – Martin Waldseemüller, German humanist and cartographer (born c.1470)
* May 31 – Johannes Aesticampianus, German humanist theologian (born 1457)
* unknown date – William Dunbar, Scottish poet (born 1459/60)
# Ali El Fil

Ali Ahmed Mohab Elfil (Arabic: عَلِيّ أَحْمَد مُهَاب الْفِيل; born 11 November 1990) is an Egyptian footballer who plays for the Egyptian Premier League side Future FC as a defender.

## Biography

Ali Elfil was born on December 13, 1992, in Egypt. He started his football career at Telephonat Beni Suef SC. In 2015, he was transferred to Haras El Hodoud SC. In 2018, he was bought by Tala'ea El Gaish SC and in 2022 he was transferred to Future FC. In totality, he has over one hundred appearances and three goals.

## Trophies

* EFA League Cup: 2022 with (Future FC)
* Egyptian Super Cup: 2020-21 with (Talaea El Geish)