OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Governor of Davao de Oro

The governor of Davao de Oro is the local chief executive of the Philippine province of Davao de Oro.
Davao de Oro, originally named Compostela Valley, was carved out of Davao del Norte in 1998. Davao del Norte's governor, Rommel Amatong, chose to be the new province's governor after voters approved its creation via a plebiscite. He then resigned a day after he assumed office, in order to run as representative. Luz Sarmiento, the wife of Davao del Norte representative Lorenzo Sarmiento, was appointed as governor until the first elections were held later that year. Jose Caballero was the first person to be elected as governor in 1998.
After being term limited in 2007, Arturo Uy was then elected. After he was term limited himself in 2016, his son, Jayvee Uy, was elected. In 2019, Compostela Valley was renamed into "Davao de Oro" after another plebiscite.

## List of governors

| # | Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
| 1 | Prospero Amatong | March 8, 1998 | March 27, 1998 | Lakas |
| - | Luz Sarmiento | March 27, 1998 | June 30, 1998 | |
| 2 | Jose Caballero | June 30, 1998 | June 30, 2007 | LAMMP |
| 2 | Jose Caballero | June 30, 1998 | June 30, 2007 | LDP |
| 2 | Jose Caballero | June 30, 1998 | June 30, 2007 | Lakas |
| 3 | Arturo Uy | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2016 | Lakas |
| 3 | Arturo Uy | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2016 | Lakas–Kampi |
| 3 | Arturo Uy | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2016 | Liberal |
| 4 | Jayvee Uy | June 30, 2016 | June 30, 2022 | PDP–Laban |
| 4 | Jayvee Uy | June 30, 2016 | June 30, 2022 | HNP |
| 5 | Dorothy Gonzaga | June 30, 2022 | Present | PFP |
# Good People (song)

"Good People" is a protest song written and performed by Jack Johnson. It is the fourth track on the album In Between Dreams and was released as a single on May 9, 2005. Though the song has a positive and relaxing sound, it is a critique of contemporary television, especially with regard to frequent violence, and its effect on society. The song is similar to the song "Cookie Jar" from Johnson's previous album On and On, which also draws attention to the issue, but with a more explicit protest and melancholic sound.

## Commercial performance

"Good People" peaked at number one on the Billboard Adult Alternative Songs chart in the United States. It also became a minor hit in the United Kingdom, peaking at number 50 on the UK Singles Chart. It additionally reached number 25 in New Zealand and number 92 in the Netherlands. The single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.

## Track listings

Canadian CD single
* "Good People"
* "No Other Way" (acoustic version)
* "Butter Nut"
* "Good People" (live video from the Kokua Festival)
UK 7-inch single and European CD single
* "Good People"
* "No Other Way" (acoustic version)
UK CD single
* "Good People"
* "No Other Way" (acoustic version)
* "Butter Nut"
UK DVD single
* "Good People" (video)
* "Butter Nut" (live video from the Kokua Festival)
* "Making of In Between Dreams" (filmed at The Mango Tree Hawaii, October 2004)

## Certifications

Certifications and sales for "Good People" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^‡$ |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 80,000$^‡$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Platinum | 30,000$^‡$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "Good People" :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) |
| United States | May 9, 2005 | Triple A radio | Brushfire |
| United Kingdom | June 13, 2005 | CD | Brushfire |
| United States | June 27, 2005 | Alternative radio | Brushfire |
| United States | August 22, 2005 | Hot adult contemporary radio | Brushfire |
# Cieśle Małe

Cieśle Małe (German 1939-1945 Ostfelde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kołaczkowo, within Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Września and 56 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Linga (near Vementry)

Linga is one of the Shetland Islands, near Vementry. It is one of many islands in Shetland called Linga. The island is uninhabited.

## Geography and geology

Linga's rock is schist and gneiss.
The islands of Gruna and the Heag (another common Shetland name) are to the North.
Brindister on the mainland is nearby.
# Italo Nolli

Italo Jorge Nolli Olivan (27 May 1942 – 23 March 2011) was a Chilean businessman, fence, arms dealer and spree killer. He was a mercenary in the Vietnam War, where he gained a fondness for firearms, which ended with his well-known "day of rage" in March 2011, when he shot and killed two members of the Investigations Police of Chile (Policía de Investigaciones, PDI) in San Bernardo, a commune located in Santiago, and spent the rest of the day in a city-wide persecution, injuring six more policemen before being killed by police fire. Given his actions, there is a notable cult of personality around him in Chile, with him being given several nicknames, including the "Chilean Rambo" and the "King of junk".

## Biography

His father was an Italian immigrant characterized by his coldness and often abusive behaviors, which Nolli would go on to replicate onto both of his failed marriages. He moved to the United States during the 1960s, where a family member gifted him an automatic weapon which he would take to Vietnam to work as a mercenary during the ongoing war.
In one notable instance, he faked his second wife's death to collect life insurance, but he was quickly found out and imprisoned for 200 days. After police raided his home and found an illegal arsenal of weapons, he was sentenced to an additional 10 years in prison.
After being released, he became involved in organized crime, often acting as a fence for stolen copper wires. According to one of his associates, he received immunity from corrupt police officers, who refused to detain him even though there was a warrant for his arrest for 11 years.
On 23 March 2011, he went to San Bernardo to drop off a shipment of stolen copper to one of his associates. On the way back, he was confronted by two detectives from the Investigations Police (Policía de Investigaciones, PDI), Karim Gallardo and Marcelo Morales, who requested to see his identity documents. Nolli refused, and instead shot Morales dead before turning the gun on Gallardo and killing her while she was trying to get away. He also shot at the other two detectives in the PDI's vehicle, but they managed to escape.
After this, he escaped to his house to look for all the weapons he had. He loaded up with four guns and 885 cartridges and spent the rest of the day driving through Central Santiago, shooting and wounding several police officers before ending up dead as the result of a return bullet fire from police forces.
According to his partner at the time, he knew he would die that day and wanted to die while shooting. Karim Gallardo gained posthumous fame for being the first female martyr of the PDI.
# Bekok railway station

The Bekok railway station is a Malaysian train station located at and named after the town of Bekok, Segamat District, Johor. This railway station provides KTM Intercity train services towards JB Sentral, Gemas and Kelantan.
As part of the Gemas-Johor Bahru Double Tracking and Electrification Project, the original station was closed on 23 June 2021 and replaced with a temporary station at Jalan Station. This old station was replaced with a new station, that is opening on 19 August 2024.
# Adolfo Ramírez

Adolfo Ramírez (born 25 March 1922) was an Argentine wrestler. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Khaled Saffuri

Khaled Saffuri (Arabic: خالد صفوري; born in Lebanon) is an Arab-American political activist of Palestinian origin, and the founder of The National Interest Foundation. He is also the co-founder of the Islamic Free Market Institute.

## Background

Brought up as a stateless exile in Kuwait, Saffuri came to the US as a student in 1982, and started college in San Diego, eventually receiving a bachelor's degree in Business Administration and a master's degree in Management Science from the University of Redlands, California.

## Career

Saffuri moved to Washington, DC in 1987 to work as Development Director with the American Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, a civil rights group founded by former US Senator James Abourezk In 1990, he joined the National Association of Arab-Americans (NAAA) and served as an Assistant Executive Director until September 1993.
Saffuri was executive director of American Task Force for Bosnia (ATFB), an organization he established in December 1992 to consolidate efforts among mainstream Muslim, Christian, Jewish, and other ethnic organizations in the United States to end the conflict in Bosnia. Saffuri was also the director for government affairs for the American Muslim Council (AMC) from September 1995 until December 1997.
In 2018, Saffuri founded The National Interest Foundation (NIF), a nonpartisan nonprofit think tank organization which is focused on bettering relationships between the United States and countries across the globe through the promotion of smarter foreign policy. NIF focuses specifically on human rights and promoting democracy in the Middle East. He currently serves as the president of the organization.

## The National Interest Foundation

The National Interest Foundation (NIF) was founded in 2018 to promote freedom and democracy and expose the actions of repressive regimes in the Middle East and around the world. The organizations hosts monthly lectures and an annual international conference on US foreign policy and human rights on Capitol Hill in Washington D.C. It also published weekly newsletters with analysis on human rights and democratic issues, primarily focusing on the Middle East. NIF also periodically published long, in-depth reports on its website.
# Khon Kaen Sugar

Khon Kaen Sugar (KSL) is a sugar-manufacturing company based in Thailand. Its corporate headquarters are in Bangkok. Its principal manufacturing facilities are in Khon Kaen, northeastern Thailand.

## History

Khon Kaen Sugar was founded as Kwang Soon Lee in 1945 in Bangkok and in 1952 moved to a plant in Thonburi, producing 250 bags of sugar a day. The company spent the next decades merging with and acquiring companies and in 1974 organized itself and its companies as KSL Group. It one of six sugar companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) and is on the SET50 Index.

## Subsidiaries

Other KSL subsidiary companies include Thai Fermentation Industry, which produces Red Spoon brand condiments and is the largest exporter of seasoning products in Thailand; and Chengteh Chinaware Thailand, which produces and trades ceramic giftware. As of 2003 KSL is working to use waste molasses and bagasse for the production of ethanol and gasahol.
# Kia Granbird

The Kia Granbird (Korean: 기아 그랜버드) is a high-decker coach produced by the South Korean vehicle manufacturer Kia. It was derived from the Hino S'elega platform and for a brief period of time from former Asia Motors. Production started in 1994, and the exterior look stayed the same until the second generation in 2007, and then finally a refresh in 2020. The Granbird is produced at Kia's Hanam plant, and Kia's commercial and military trucks. The Granbird is only sold in selected markets.

## First generation (1994–2007)

In 1994, Kia introduced the Granbird, to compete with the Hyundai Aero and the Daewoo BH series. This generation was only offered with direct injection diesel engines.
* Kia Granbird 2000–2007
* Asia Motors Granbird

## Second generation (2007–2020)

In 2007, the second-generation Granbird was introduced with the Parkway model. The Granbird and the Hyundai Universe shared a dedicated commercial vehicle chassis. It underwent a first refresh in 2011. The second refresh of the Granbird, the Silkroad model, debuted at the Seoul Motor Show in 2015.
* Pre-facelift
* Facelift

### Model name

* Silkroad
* Sunshine
* Bluesky
* Parkway
* Greenfield

## Third generation (2020–present)

Unveiled on 14 May 2020, the third-generation Kia Granbird continues to be underpinned by Hyundai's dedicated commercial vehicle chassis shared with the refreshed Hyundai Universe. It is available in Super Premium Sunshine and Super Premium Parkway trims. It features a large, completely color instrument cluster, and a large touchscreen infotainment system. The interior also features a new flat TV and an entertainment system is standard on the Super Premium Sunshine and Super Premium Parkway versions. The indoor height has been increased by 80mm, and the upper left and right widths of the interior have been expanded by 120mm.
For the first time in its class, a front parking assist device that sounds a warning sound when there is an obstacle in the lower front, a steering haptic that gives attention to the driver through vibration when operating with safety specifications, and automatically opens the door through a sensor when a person or object gets caught when the door is closed. The main entrance touch sensor, a speed-sensitive car height control device that adjusts the height of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed to improve aerodynamic performance, etc., are applied.
The powertrain of the refreshed coach is a Powertech 12.7 liter Hyundai D6CG (Euro 6) (440ps) diesel engine paired to both manual and automatic transmissions.
# Discriminant validity

In psychology, discriminant validity tests whether concepts or measurements that are not supposed to be related are actually unrelated.
Campbell and Fiske (1959) introduced the concept of discriminant validity within their discussion on evaluating test validity. They stressed the importance of using both discriminant and convergent validation techniques when assessing new tests. A successful evaluation of discriminant validity shows that a test of a concept is not highly correlated with other tests designed to measure theoretically different concepts.
In showing that two scales do not correlate, it is necessary to correct for attenuation in the correlation due to measurement error. It is possible to calculate the extent to which the two scales overlap by using the following formula where $r_{xy}$ is correlation between x and y, $r_{xx}$ is the reliability of x, and $r_{yy}$ is the reliability of y:
    ${\cfrac {r_{xy}}{\sqrt {r_{xx}\cdot r_{yy}}}}$
Although there is no standard value for discriminant validity, a result less than 0.70 suggests that discriminant validity likely exists between the two scales. A result greater than 0.70, however, suggests that the two constructs overlap greatly and they are likely measuring the same thing, and therefore, discriminant validity between them cannot be claimed.
Consider researchers developing a new scale designed to measure narcissism. They may want to show discriminant validity with a scale measuring self-esteem. Narcissism and self-esteem are theoretically different concepts, and therefore it is important that the researchers show that their new scale measures narcissism and not simply self-esteem.
First, the average inter-item correlations within and between the two scales can be calculated:
    Narcissism — Narcissism: 0.47
    Narcissism — Self-esteem: 0.30
    Self-esteem — Self-esteem: 0.52
The correction for attenuation formula can then be applied:
    ${\cfrac {0.30}{\sqrt {0.47*0.52}}}=0.607$
Since 0.607 is less than 0.85, it can be concluded that discriminant validity exists between the scale measuring narcissism and the scale measuring self-esteem. The two scales measure theoretically different constructs.
Recommended approaches to test for discriminant validity on the construct level are AVE-SE comparisons (Fornell & Larcker, 1981; note: hereby the measurement error-adjusted inter-construct correlations derived from the CFA model should be used rather than raw correlations derived from the data.) and the assessment of the HTMT ratio (Henseler et al., 2014). Simulation tests reveal that the former performs poorly for variance-based structural equation models (SEM), e.g. PLS, but well for covariance-based SEM, e.g. Amos, and the latter performs well for both types of SEM. Voorhees et al. (2015) recommend combining both methods for covariance-based SEM with a HTMT cutoff of 0.85. A recommended approach to test for discriminant validity on the item level is exploratory factor analysis (EFA).
# 1949 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference

The 1949 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference was the fourth meeting of the Heads of government of the Commonwealth of Nations. It was held in the United Kingdom in April 1949 and was hosted by that country's prime minister, Clement Attlee.
The principal topic of the conference was the relationship of India, which was intending to become a republic, to the Commonwealth, which, hitherto, had been an association of Britain and British dominions united by sharing a constitutional link by sharing the British sovereign as their head of state, in particular whether a Commonwealth state could become a republic and remain in the Commonwealth, if so, whether it had the same status in the Commonwealth as the dominions who had the British sovereign as their head of state. The Canadian government feared that if India was not permitted to remain in the Commonwealth as an autonomous republic then Pakistan, Ceylon, and South Africa would soon leave as well, resulting in the Commonwealth's collapse. Australian prime minister Ben Chifley was on one pole during the conference, arguing for maintaining a strong British connection, while South Africa's newly elected nationalist prime minister, D. F. Malan, was on the other pole arguing for complete independence.
In the London Declaration, Commonwealth prime ministers agreed to India's continued membership in the Commonwealth as a republic and that the King would have a new role in the Commonwealth not as a joint head of state but as "the symbol of the free association of its member nations, and as such Head of the Commonwealth."
Four days before the Conference met, Ireland formally declared itself a republic. The other members of the Commonwealth chose to regard that declaration as terminating Ireland's membership of the Commonwealth. Ireland had not participated in Commonwealth affairs since the 1930s but this was the first conference to be held after Ireland's membership was regarded as terminated.

## Participants

| Nation | Name | Portfolio |
| United Kingdom | Clement Attlee | Prime Minister (Chairman) |
| Australia | Ben Chifley | Prime Minister |
| Canada | Lester Pearson | Secretary of State for External Affairs |
| Ceylon | Don Stephen Senanayake | Prime Minister |
| India | Jawaharlal Nehru | Prime Minister |
| New Zealand | Peter Fraser | Prime Minister |
| Pakistan | Liaquat Ali Khan | Prime Minister |
| South Africa | Daniël François (D. F.) Malan | Prime Minister |
# Kirumi Bridge

Kirumi Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge in northern Tanzania across the Mara River on the border of Butiama and Rorya Districts of Mara Region. Its construction was financed via a loan from the African Development Fund. It was inaugurated in October 1985 by Julius Nyerere, the country's first president.
# Shillay

Shillay (Scottish Gaelic: Siolaigh) is an uninhabited island which lies 2 km north of Pabbay in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.
The name is derived from the Norse selr-øy meaning seal island and is a Scottish Wildlife Trust reserve owing to its international importance for breeding grey seals.
There is no record or evidence that it has ever seen human habitation.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
* ↑ National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
* ↑ Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
* ↑ Ordnance Survey. OS Maps Online (Map). 1:25,000. Leisure.
57°48′08″N 7°15′15″W﻿ / ﻿57.80220°N 7.25415°W﻿ / 57.80220; -7.25415
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# Ensay, Outer Hebrides

Ensay (Gaelic Easaigh) is a currently unpopulated and privately owned island in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. The island lies in the Sound of Harris, between the islands of Harris and Berneray. The name originates from the Old Norse for Ewe Island. It has nothing to do with the Gaelic for Jesus, "Iosa," as sometimes stated.
Although the island has had no permanent population since the 1930s, it is still used for summer grazing. The small chapel of Christ Church is maintained, and services are held biannually. The island is classified by the National Records of Scotland as an inhabited island that "had no usual residents at the time of either the 2001 or 2011 censuses."
The island shows signs of Stone Age habitation, with a prominent standing stone. Ensay House (Taigh Easaigh) was built in the Edwardian period. This was the home of the Stewart family (of which Ed Stewart is a descendant); they used to own the island.
The town of Ensay in Victoria, Australia, was named after this island by one of the early settlers, a Scotsman named Archibald Macleod.

## Gallery

* Standing Stone
* Taigh Easaigh
# Koygolo

Koygolo is a village and rural commune in Niger. As of 2012, it had a population of 48,218.