OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2023 Speaker of the Dutch House of Representatives election

On 14 December 2023, the House of Representatives of the Netherlands elected its Speaker for the 2023–2028 term. The election was held three weeks after the 2023 general election. Incumbent Speaker Vera Bergkamp (D66) retired from politics.
Martin Bosma of the Party for Freedom was elected in the second round with 75 votes.

## Candidates

Two members of the House of Representatives declared their candidacy.
On 8 December, 59 year old Tom van der Lee, a member of the GroenLinks–PvdA group, became the first to announce his candidacy for the speakership. In his public application letter, he expressed his desire to bridge the gap between citizens and politicians and enhance the legislative process. He also cited his impartial unifying leadership, having worked as campaign director of Oxfam Novib and head of information of GroenLinks. Van der Lee, who has been a member of the House of Representatives since 2017, rose to prominence as chairman of the parliamentary inquiry into natural gas extraction Groningen.
On 10 December, 59 year old Martin Bosma, a member of the Party for Freedom (PVV) group, announced his candidacy for the speakership, having previously been a candidate in 2016 and 2021. Bosma has been a member of the House of Representatives since 2006, and a deputy speaker since 2010. In this capacity, he has chaired many parliamentary debates, and he is praised for his tight chairmanship. However, there are also concerns about his polarising politics and his failure to distance himself from his party leader Geert Wilders' past statements.
Acting speaker Roelien Kamminga (VVD) was also seen as a potential candidate, but declined to stand for election.

## Procedure

The newly elected House of Representatives settled on a profile for the next Speaker on 6 December 2023. Members could apply for the position until 12 December. The voting took place on 14 December, in two rounds. Voting took place by secret ballot.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Martin Bosma | PVV | 71 | 48.97 | 75 | 51.37 |
| | Tom van der Lee | GL/PvdA | 61 | 42.07 | 66 | 45.21 |
| | Roelien Kamminga | VVD | 12 | 8.28 | 5 | 3.42 |
| | Raymond de Roon | PVV | 1 | 0.69 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 145 | 100.00 | 146 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 145 | 97.97 | 146 | 98.65 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 3 | 2.03 | 2 | 1.35 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 148 | 100.00 | 148 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 150 | 98.67 | 150 | 98.67 |
| Source: NOS |||||||
Martin Bosma, a member of the Party for Freedom, was elected in the second round with 75 votes.
# Forrest Preston

Forrest Lee Preston (born March 22, 1933) is an American billionaire businessman from Massachusetts. He is the founder, owner, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Life Care Centers of America, a long-term elderly care company that he founded in 1970.

## Early life

Forrest Lee Preston was born and raised in Massachusetts, the son of a Seventh-day Adventist pastor father, Benjamin M. Preston and his wife Ethel Preston. His father died in 1994, and Preston endowed the Benjamin M. Preston scholarship at Atlantic Union College, of which his father was an alumnus.
He was educated at Walla Walla College and Oregon State University. His original intent was to become a medical doctor, and he became a certified X-Ray technician.

## Career

Preston moved to Cleveland, Tennessee, in the late 1950s a few years after his brother Winton Russell Preston, who had come to study at Southern Missionary College in nearby Collegedale.
Together with his brother Winton, he co-founded a company called Hospital Publications to create patient booklets and public relations materials for hospitals, and the company operated until 1972. The idea had come from his work in hospitals, where he concluded that there was a need for better public relations in the healthcare system. Through this business, he observed the conditions of elderly patients in hospitals, and concluded that there was a need for better long term care.
In 1970, Preston founded Life Care Centers of America in Cleveland, and is the sole owner, chairman and CEO. It later grew to be the largest privately owned long term care facility chain and the third largest privately owned long-term care facility in the United States.
As of September 2015, he had an estimated net worth of US$2.1 billion.

## Personal life

Preston was married to Kathleen Marchant (1936-2017) until her death. He lives in Cleveland. His residence is located near the residence of fellow businessman Allan Jones. He is of the Baptist faith, and attends First Baptist Church in Cleveland.
He married Kim Phuong Nguyen, his former caretaker, in 2018. In October 2024 his son Aubrey filed a legal complaint against Kim and her family over his father's finances.
# Drwęsa

Drwęsa or Drwęca is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dopiewo, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Dopiewo and 21 km (13 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.
# Afghanistan at the 2024 Summer Paralympics

Afghanistan competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, from 28 August to 8 September 2024.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games, including game-eligible alternates in team sports.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Taekwondo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Taekwondo

Afghanistan entered one athlete in the taekwondo event by finishing in third place in Asian Qualification Tournament.
| Athlete | Event | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Repechage | Semifinals | Final / BM | Final / BM |
| Athlete | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank |
| Ebrahim Danishi | Men's −58 kg | Xiao X-w (TPE) L 7–37 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | =9 |
# 1960–61 Celtic F.C. season

During the 1960–61 Scottish football season, Celtic competed in Scottish Division One.
Celtic advanced to the Scottish Cup final, where they lost to Dunfermline Athletic. They also advanced to the Glasgow Cup final, where they lost to Partick Thistle.
# Aleksei Kadochnikov

Aleksei Kadochnikov (born 31 December 1985) is a Russian professional darts player who plays in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events.

## Career

In 2015, he made his television debut in the 2015 PDC World Cup of Darts, partnering Boris Koltsov, but they lost in the first round to Simon Whitlock and Paul Nicholson of Australia. In 2019, he returned to the World Cup with partner Koltsov again, losing to Austria in the first round in a high quality match.
In 2015, 2018 and 2019, he won a combined total of 6 events on the EADC Pro Tour.
# Uruguay Tourné

Uruguay Tourné del Campo (13 May 1929 – 30 November 2022) was a Uruguayan politician.

## Background and early career

In his youth, Tourné was an activist for the National Party (Uruguay).
Tourné was an uncle to Daisy Tourné who served as Interior Minister (whom she predeceased).

## Deputy and Senator

Tourné was repeatedly elected as Deputy for Montevideo for the years 1963 to 1977, although was obliged to step down prior to the completion of his mandate.
Tourné later served as a Senator from 1985 to 1989.

### Later political activity

In later years he identified with the National Party (Uruguay)'s Herrerismo grouping. He was a supporter of Jorge Larrañaga.

## Personal life and death

Tourné died on 30 November 2022, at the age of 93.
# The Virgin Soldiers (film)

The Virgin Soldiers is a 1969 British war comedy-drama film directed by John Dexter and starring Lynn Redgrave, Hywel Bennett, Nigel Davenport, Nigel Patrick and Rachel Kempson. It is set in 1950, during the Malayan Emergency, and is based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Leslie Thomas.
In the film's 1977 sequel, Stand Up, Virgin Soldiers Nigel Davenport repeated his role as Sgt Driscoll.

## Premise

Private Brigg is a soldier sent to Singapore during the Malayan Emergency along with a squad of naïve new recruits. There he falls for Phillipa Raskin, the daughter of the regimental sergeant major.

## Cast

* Lynn Redgrave as Phillipa Raskin
* Hywel Bennett as Pte Brigg
* Nigel Davenport as Sgt Driscoll
* Nigel Patrick as R.S.M. Raskin
* Rachel Kempson as Mrs. Raskin
* Jack Shepherd as Sgt Wellbeloved
* Michael Gwynn as Col Bromley-Pickering
* Tsai Chin as Juicy Lucy
* Christopher Timothy as Cpl Brook
* Don Hawkins as Tasker
* Geoffrey Hughes as Lantry
* Roy Holder as Fenwick
* Riggs O'Hara as Sinclair
* Gregory Phillips as Foster
* Peter Kelly as Sandy Jacobs
* Mark Nicholl as Cutler
* Alan Shatsman as Longley
* Jonty Miller as Forsyth
* Jolyon Jackley as Cpl Gravy Browning
* Wayne Sleep as Villiers
* Robert Bridges as Sgt Fred Organ
* James Cosmo as Waller
* Graham Crowden as medical officer
* Dudley Jones as doctor
* Matthew Guinness as Major Cusper
* Naranjan Singh as sikh
* F Yew as 'Hallelujah'
* Brenda Bruce as nursing sister (uncredited)
* Warren Clarke as soldier (uncredited)
* Barbara Keogh as WRAC (uncredited)
* James Marcus as soldier (uncredited)
* Jeremy Roughton as soldier (uncredited)
A young and uncredited David Bowie appears briefly as a soldier escorted out from behind a bar.

## Reception
### Box office

The Virgin Soldiers was the 17th-most-popular film at the UK box office in 1969.

### Critical

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "The Virgin Soldiers remains firmly rooted in the tradition of British Forces Comedy. The jokes, which make up most of the script, revolve round the obvious bawdy themes of service life, and the sexual encounters are presented in what is almost a Carry On fashion ... All this is made even more surprising by the occasional lapses into a tone of portentous seriousness. ... It may be unreasonable to expect of John Hopkins (scripting from an adaptation, with 'additional dialogue' to boot) that his screenplay should have attained the same level of prickly intensity which is present in so much of his television work, but one hardly anticipated that he would turn out something as utterly conventional as this. There are some lively performances, especially from Lynn Redgrave, and the atmosphere seems authentic enough; but overall it is difficult not to feel that The Virgin Soldiers is really nothing more than a kind of monstrous mating of [1956] and The Family Way [1966 ]with a bit of The Long and the Short and the Tall (1961) thrown in for foul measure."
# Divine light (disambiguation)

Divine light is an aspect of divine presence perceived or represented as light.
Divine light may also refer to:
* Tabor Light, the light revealed on Mount Tabor at the Transfiguration of Jesus
* Divine Light Mission, a Hindu new religious movement
* Emissaries of Divine Light, a new religious movement
* World Divine Light, a Japanese religious organization belonging to the Mahikari movement
# Livinus Makwe

Livinus Makwe (born 1962) is a Nigerian politician. He was a member representing Ivo/Ohaozara/Onicha Federal Constituency in the House of Representatives.

## Political career

In 2019, he was elected a member representing Ivo/Ohaozara/Onicha Federal Constituency. He advised students to shun illicit drugs at the commissioning of over 15 classroom blocks in his constituency. In 2023, he resigned from the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).
# Hans Cramer

Hans Cramer (13 July 1896 – 28 October 1968) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II.

## Career

Cramer enlisted in the Prussian Army on 10 August 1914 and served in World War I; he was retained in the Reichsheer. In September 1939 he took part in the invasion of Poland as commander of a detachment. In March 1941 he was appointed commander of tank regiment in the 15th Panzer Division, which became part of the German Africa Korps. In 1942 Cramer was appointed as Chief of Staff to the Chief of Armoured Troops, Mechanized Troops and Cavalry at the OKH, and then to the post itself. During late 1942 to January 1943 he temporarily commanded the XXXVIII Panzer Corps and the XI Army Corps.
In February 1943 he returned to Africa as commander of the Afrika Korps. On 12 May 1943, with the capitulation of the German forces in North Africa, he was taken prisoner by the British. From 16 May on he was held in the special prison for captured German generals and staff officers at Trent Park. He was exchanged in May 1944 and returned to Germany, reportedly because of his problems with asthma. During his repatriation journey, he was allowed to see Montgomery's 21st Army Group preparing for the invasion of Europe, but was told he was in Kent, where Patton's mythical 1st U.S. Army Group was preparing for its invasion. This was part of the broader Allied deception campaign, Operation Fortitude, prior to D-Day.
Cramer was appointed to Panzer Group West in France as a supernumerary. As a former prisoner of war he fell under suspicion of complicity after the 20 July plot. He was placed under arrest on 26 July, and held in the Gestapo prison on the Prinz-Albrecht-Strasse in Berlin and then in a satellite camp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp until 5 August 1944. In September 1944 he was dismissed from the Wehrmacht. After crossing of Allied forces into German territories he was appointed as Commander-in-chief of all German prisoners of war in Holstein area. Cramer died in 1968.

## Awards

* Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (19 September 1939) & 1st Class (3 October 1939)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 June 1941 as Oberstleutnant and commander of Panzer-Regiment 8 im DAK
* German Cross in Gold on 5 March 1942 as Oberst in Panzer-Regiment 8
# Laxmikant Shetgaonkar

Laxmikant Shetgaonkar is an Indian film director and screenwriter. He is best known for his critically acclaimed Konkani films, Paltadacho Munis and Baga Beach.

## Early life

Shetgaonkar was born in Cuncolim, Salcete. While in Delhi, he developed a love for films after attending many film festivals.

## Career

Shetgaonkar's career began as an assistant director and screenplay writer in Mumbai. His first film was Eka Sagar Kinaree (A Seaside Story), which won him a Golden Conch in the Best Fiction category at the Mumbai International Film Festival. His next film, Paltadacho Munis (The Man Beyond the Bridge), premiered at 2009 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the prize of the International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI Prize) for Discovery. Set in Goa, the film is about a recently widowed forest ranger in a dwindling forest, who strikes up an unlikely relationship with a woman he finds lost and alone in the woods.
In 2013, Shetgaonkar released Baga Beach, which won the Best Feature Film in Konkani award at the 61st National Film Awards. After the awards, the Goa Legislative Assembly passed a resolution congratulating him for making the film about "a topic which needed much attention", and called it an "eye opener on the issues related to children on our beaches."

## Filmography

| Year | Title |
| 2004 | Eka Sagar Kinaree (A Seaside Story) |
| 2009 | Paltadacho Munis (The Man Beyond the Bridge) |
| 2013 | Baga Beach |
# Alexander Edler von Daniels

Alexander Edler von Daniels (17 March 1891 – 6 January 1960) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who fought in the Battle of Stalingrad.
Daniels commanded the 376th Infantry Division at Stalingrad, which was part of XI Corps of the German Sixth Army. In late December 1942, after Operation Uranus encircled the Sixth Army, Daniels was promoted to Generalleutnant and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Daniels surrendered himself and his division to Col. Ivan Konstantinovich Morozov, commander of the 422nd Rifle Division, and was marched into captivity by the Red Army on 29 January 1943, where he was interrogated by Captain Nikolay Dyatlenko.

## Awards and decorations

* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 18 December 1942 as Generalmajor and commander of 376. Infanterie-Division
# 2024 West Bandung chemical spill

On 24 December 2024, a tanker truck carrying concentrated sodium hydroxide in West Bandung Regency leaked its cargo while travelling from Purwakarta to Bandung. The chemical injured more than 100 people, including four serious injuries. A large number of motor vehicles were also damaged in the incident.

## Events

The truck involved in the incident was travelling along the Purwakarta-Padalarang road, carrying liquid sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 48 percent. In the morning of 24 December, the tanker began to leak out its contents, but the driver did not stop for some time, causing around 20 tonnes of its cargo to spill over an 8 kilometer stretch of the road. The truck was owned and operated by CV Yasindo Multi Pratama, a local chemical supplies company. The chemical had been manufactured in Karawang by PT Pindo Deli and was being transported to Yasindo's warehouse in Bandung.
As other vehicles passed near the spill, the chemical damaged engines, tires, and vehicle bodies, injuring drivers from chemical vapors and splashes. Four people suffered serious chemical burns with a further 100 receiving lighter injuries. Local police recorded 1,260 vehicles damaged to varying degrees.

## Aftermath

The spill primarily drained into local sewers, prompting environmental groups to caution locals near the incident site to avoid the use of groundwater for some time. West Java's police department deployed a CBRN defense team to the affected roads, although by the time it arrived, the sodium hydroxide had largely reacted with the surrounding environment or drained off by rain. The truck's driver was initially designated as a witness in the criminal investigation, as the truck still had a valid permit for transporting materials. Yasindo, the involved company, promised compensation for damages to vehicles and for treatment of injuries.
# Prime constant

The prime constant is the real number $\rho$ whose $n$th binary digit is 1 if $n$ is prime and 0 if $n$ is composite or 1.
In other words, $\rho$ is the number whose binary expansion corresponds to the indicator function of the set of prime numbers. That is,
    $\rho =\sum _{p}{\frac {1}{2^{p}}}=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{\frac {\chi _{\mathbb {P} }(n)}{2^{n}}}$
where $p$ indicates a prime and $\chi _{\mathbb {P} }$ is the characteristic function of the set $\mathbb {P}$ of prime numbers.
The beginning of the decimal expansion of ρ is: $\rho =0.414682509851111660248109622\ldots$ (sequence A051006 in the OEIS)
The beginning of the binary expansion is: $\rho =0.011010100010100010100010000\ldots _{2}$ (sequence A010051 in the OEIS)

## Irrationality

The number $\rho$ is irrational.

### Proof by contradiction

Suppose $\rho$ were rational.
Denote the $k$th digit of the binary expansion of $\rho$ by $r_{k}$. Then since $\rho$ is assumed rational, its binary expansion is eventually periodic, and so there exist positive integers $N$ and $k$ such that $r_{n}=r_{n+ik}$ for all $n>N$ and all $i\in \mathbb {N}$.
Since there are an infinite number of primes, we may choose a prime $p>N$. By definition we see that $r_{p}=1$. As noted, we have $r_{p}=r_{p+ik}$ for all $i\in \mathbb {N}$. Now consider the case $i=p$. We have $r_{p+i\cdot k}=r_{p+p\cdot k}=r_{p(k+1)}=0$, since $p(k+1)$ is composite because $k+1\geq 2$. Since $r_{p}\neq r_{p(k+1)}$ we see that $\rho$ is irrational.
# Gidan Sama and Rumtuwa airstrike

On 25 December 2024, an airstrike by the Nigerian Armed Forces in Nigeria's northwest Sokoto State killed at least 10 people and injured many others. The military had been targeting the terror group Lakurawa in the villages of Gidan Sama and Rumtuwa, but civilians were caught in the crossfire.

## Background

This was not the first time airstrikes by the Nigerian Armed Forces had resulted in civilian casualties. In December 2023, an airstrike in northern Kaduna State killed over 120 people, and in September 2023, another airstrike in Kaduna killed 24 people.

## Response

Sokoto's governor, Ahmad Aliyu, launched an investigation into the incident and expressed condolences to the victims' families. He also pledged to provide them with financial and food support.
The incident raised concerns among human rights groups, including Amnesty International, which has called on the Nigerian military to review its procedures and avoid such deadly accidents in the future.
# Trương Ke Nhon

Trương Ke Nhon (born 1 January 1939) is a Vietnamese former swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre breaststroke at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Said Khamis

Said Khamis Said (born 20 July 2000) is a Tanzanian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Tanzania.

## Club career
### Jedinstvo Ub

In September 2023, Khamis signed a contract with Serbian club Jedinstvo Ub. He made his in league debut on 30 September 2023 against Mačva Šabac. He left the club after the 2023-24 season, according to him due to disagreements, despite helping the club gain promotion to the 2024-25 Serbian SuperLiga.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 9 December 2023
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Baniyas | 2021–22 | UAE Pro League | 24 | 1 | 7 | 3 | — | — | 31 | 4 |
| Jedinstvo Ub | 2023–24 | Serbian First League | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 9 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 33 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 5 |
* ↑ Appearance(s) in UAE League Cup

### International

    Statistics accurate as of match played 28 March 2023.
Tanzania :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2022 | 2 | 1 |
| 2023 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 4 | 1 |

### International goals

    Scores and results list Tanzania's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Khamis goal.
List of international goals scored by Said Khamis :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 27 September 2022 | Martyrs of February Stadium, Benghazi, Libya | Libya | 1–1 | 1–2 | Friendly |