OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William C. Wilson (judge)

William C. Wilson (July 2, 1812 – April 16, 1882) was a Vermont lawyer and judge who served as an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court from 1865 to 1869.

## Biography

William Campbell Wilson was born in Cambridge, Vermont on July 2, 1812, the son of Jennett (Campbell) Wilson (1784-1846) and farmer John Wilson (1779-1830). William Wilson was educated in the local schools of Cambridge and Jericho, and worked on the family farm until he was eighteen, after which he began teaching school and studying law. He studied under Levi Joslyn in Cambridge, followed by study with Homer E. Hubbell of Fairfax, and then Bates Turner of St. Albans. He was admitted to the bar in 1834, and practiced in Bakersfield, where he also operated a school for prospective attorneys, which trained between 80 and 100 students during the years it was in existence. Wilson was also a town leader, and played a key role in the creation of Bakersfield's hotel and Methodist church, as well as the Bakersfield North Academy school.
Originally a Whig, and a Republican after the party's founding in the mid-1850s, Wilson was a delegate to the 1843 state constitutional convention, and served as Franklin County's State's Attorney from 1844 to 1845. He served in the Vermont Senate from 1848 to 1849, and was an assistant judge of the Franklin County Court from 1849 to 1851. In 1850, he was again a delegate to the state constitutional convention. Wilson received the honorary degree of Master of Arts from the University of Vermont in 1853. In 1855, Wilson served on the Council of Censors, the body which met every seven years to review actions of the state government and ensure their constitutionality. In 1860, Wilson was an alternate delegate to the Republican National Convention. From 1863 to 1865, Wilson represented Bakersfield in the Vermont House of Representatives.
In 1865, Wilson was appointed as an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court, and he served until 1869. His first wife died in 1869, and after resigning from the court, Wilson moved to Rochester, Minnesota to live near his daughters. While living in Minnesota, Wilson remarried and began authoring a book on legal topics, but failing health caused him to discontinue the effort. In his later years, breathing problems in cold weather caused him to spend winters in Florida.

## Death and burial

Wilson died in Rochester, Minnesota on April 16, 1882. He was buried at Maple Grove Cemetery in Bakersfield.

## Family

In 1835, Wilson was married to Clarissa Ann Partridge Pratt (1817-1869) of Bakersfield. They were the parents of a son and two daughters: William DeForest Wilson (1836-1900), an attorney in St. Albans, Vermont; Elizabeth (1837-1926), the wife of attorney and judge Milton R. Tyler (1835-1907); and Clara (1843-1924), the wife of Judge Charles Monroe Start (1839-1919). In 1872, Wilson married Mary Ann Brown of Rochester, Minnesota. They remained married until her death in 1875.
# Irwin Crosthwait

Irwin Crosthwait (June 24, 1914 – September 15, 1981), was a Canadian painter best known for his role as a fashion illustrator.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Irwin "Bud" Crosthwait was born on June 24, 1914, in Creston, British Columbia, the son of Lealand Crosthwait (1870-1944) and Ellen Johnson Crosthwait (1892-1944), owners of a farm in Creston.
Throughout Irwin’s childhood, he was exposed to the artwork of his father. Henry Crosthwait, a native of New Zealand, worked for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company prior to arriving in Canada and had sketched and painted his travels aboard the company’s ships.
Following the separation of Irwin Crosthwait’s parents in 1928, Irwin and his brother, Tom, moved to Montreal and lived under the care of their uncle. Between the years of 1934 and 1938, Crosthwait was educated at Sir George Williams College in Montreal, where he studied Fine Arts, and the Pratt Institute in New York City. After completing his studies, Crosthwait returned to Montreal and spent several years mentoring under Herman Heimlick, a local artist.

### Career

Crosthwait continued producing artwork while employed as the principal advertising artist for Henry Morgan & Company, a chain of Canadian department stores. In 1944, Irwin was awarded the Jessie Dow prize for his watercolor painting and later enlisted with the Royal Canadian Navy. While aboard HMCS Ontario and HMCS Warrior in the years of 1945 and 1946, he served as an official naval artist, painting the ships and their sailors.
In August 1947, Crosthwait accompanied HMCS Warrior to the United Kingdom, where he was granted his discharge from the Royal Canadian Navy. Crosthwait relocated to Paris in September of that year and began his career as a fashion illustrator. He sketched and illustrated collections belonging to designers such as Yves Saint Laurent, Dior, and Givenchy, as well as those of his personal friends Emilio Pucci and Marc Vaughan. In the subsequent years, Crosthwait’s fashion illustrations were predominantly featured in Harper’s Bazaar.
During his years in Paris, Crosthwait also worked on sets for the Paris Ballet and pursued other means of artistic expression, most notably abstract painting. Crosthwait’s abstracts were shown with contemporary artists that included Serge Poliakoff, Hans Hartung, and Nicolas de Staël.

### Death

In 1979, Irwin Crosthwait suffered a serious injury resulting from a fall in London. He later died in Montreal on September 15, 1981, at the age of 67.

## Sources

* Biography from the Irwin Crosthwait official website
# Mariya Prusakova (snowboarder)

Mariya (Masha) Prusakova (born 25 December 1989) is a Russian snowboarder. She competed in the women's halfpipe event at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
# Edmund Sheppard

Edmund Sheppard (1 November 1826 – 22 December 1882) was a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland.

## Early life

Sheppard was the fourth son of Samuel Sheppard, of Taunton, Somerset, England, and his wife, Harriett Deane (née Allen). Edmund was born in Taunton and educated there and in London where he was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in June 1857.

## Career in Australia

Sheppard went to Sydney, New South Wales, shortly after being called to the bar. Sheppard married, firstly, in July 1860, Mary Grace, daughter of the late C. E. Murray, of Sydney, who died in June 1869. He practised at the bar in Sydney, and in 1866 was appointed District Court Judge of Queensland. Judge Sheppard married, secondly, in December 1871, Adela, daughter of the late E. J. Murray, solicitor, of London. He became Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland on 17 July 1874; and died in London on 22 December 1882 having taken leave of absence earlier in the year due to ill-health.

## Legacy

Sheppard's second son William Fleetwood Sheppard, became a mathematician. The court complex in Townsville, opened in 1975, was named the Edmund Sheppard Building in recognition of his service as the first Northern Judge of the court.
# Slovene Hills

The Slovene Hills or the Slovenian Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice, German: Windische Bühel or Windische Büheln) is the largest hilly region of Slovenia, a smaller part is located in the Austrian province of Styria. It is situated in the northeast of the country and has an area of 1,017 square kilometres (393 sq mi). It comprises the Western Slovene Hills and the Eastern Slovene Hills (also named Prlekija). The region is known for its vineyards and wines. The central town and municipality is Lenart.

## Name

The Slovene name Slovenske gorice and German name Windische Bühel(n) both mean 'Slovene Hills'; the German adjective windisch 'Wendish' is a traditional name for Slavs in general and Slovenes in particular. The hills were attested in historical sources in 1123 as Colles (and as Puchelen in 1296 and Pücheln in 1407). It is hypothesized that the name Slovenske gorice originally applied to a smaller central area of the range, between Mureck and Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah.

## Overview

The Slovene Hills area consists of Cenozoic hills, for the most part lower than 400 metres (1,300 ft) in elevation, and one of the most individualized landscapes of Slovenia. There are a multitude of low ridges and hills traversed by numerous river valleys, which extend from the northwest towards southeast almost linearly. They border the Mura River to the east, the Drava River to the west, Croatia to the south, and the Gamlitz River in Austria to the north. The climate is a moderate continental climate with the amount of precipitation decreasing and average temperatures increasing from the west towards the east. There are also pronounced vertical differences due to the temperature inversion. The average annual precipitation ranges from 900 to 1,000 millimetres (35 to 39 in), with the largest part falling in the growth period.
In 1991, the Slovene Hills had 92,320 inhabitants, but this number is gradually falling. Larger serried settlements have formed only along Velka Creek, Globovnica Creek, and James Creek (Slovene: Jakobski potok). Elsewhere, farms are densely disposed in long strips along the hill ridges.
The region has been included in the European Natura 2000 network. It is the only nesting region for the European roller (Coracias garrulus) in Slovenia. The green woodpecker (Picus viridis), the hoopoe (Upupa epops), the common redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus), the turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur), the red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio), and the yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) nest there as well.
# Isle of Man Pure Beer Act

The Isle of Man Pure Beer Act (also known as the Manx Pure Beer Act or simply the Pure Beer Act) is a law on the Isle of Man regulating the ingredients in beer. It was enacted by the Tynwald, the island's legislature in 1874, stating that only water, malt, sugar and hops were allowed to be used in production. The law was introduced after campaigning by Dr William Okell, founder of the Okells Brewery. Because of the legal autonomy of the Isle of Man, the Free Mash Tun Act of 1880 which relaxed a tax on malt and other restrictions in the United Kingdom did not apply there, and so the act remained upheld.
The law has been encouraged by the Campaign for Real Ale, who have strongly criticised any changes and say it allows a better class of ale to be produced. The current head of the Okells Brewery, Dr Mike Cowbourne, has stated that the law has been an important aspect of the company's beers achieving widespread export and acceptance.
In 1999, there was a significant debate about whether the law should be changed, Pamela Crowe tried to scrap the law, and all breweries campaigned against it. The eventual outcome was a slight relaxation of the law, which permitted the brewing of lager, wheat beer and fruit beer. Okells used the changes in the law to produce a Canadian lager, which drew criticism from the local brewing community. However, Bushy’s head, Martin Brunnschweiler, says the act helped their Ruby Mild beer win a regional beer award, because they could not add chemicals or preservatives.
In 2002, the Department of Health considered changing the law to allow the addition of Vitamin B1, which would help reduce alcohol induced brain damage.
# Edward Dewhurst

Edward Bury Dewhurst (7 April 1870 – 25 February 1941) was an Australian male tennis player. He became a U.S. citizen after retirement.

## Biography

Edward Bury Dewhurst was born in Sydney, Australia in 1870, the son of Arthur Dewhurst and Emma Owen. At age 33, in 1903, he left Australia to study dentistry at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States.
Dewhurst became the singles Intercollegiate Champion for the University of Pennsylvania in 1903 and 1905 as well as doubles champion in 1905. In 1904 he was runner up in the singles. In 1904 he won the men's doubles at the Niagara International Tennis Tournament together with H.J. Holt when their opponents defaulted the match at two sets all due to darkness.
He won the singles title at the 1905 U.S. National Indoor Tennis Championships where he defeated the reigning champion of the previous two years, Wylie Grant in three straight sets 6–3, 8–6, 6–4. The tournament was played on board courts at the Seventh Regiment Armory in New York.
In 1906, Dewhurst won the mixed doubles title at the U.S. National Championships together with Sarah Coffin. The previous year, 1905, he had reached the finals of this event, played at the Philadelphia Cricket Club, with Elisabeth Moore but lost to Augusta Schultz and Clarence Hobart in straight sets.
Dewhurst retired from tennis in 1909 due to blood poisoning.
Dewhurst published a book titled The Science of Lawn Tennis in 1910.
In 1911, he married Ethel Voorhies (née Grannan). He became a U.S. citizen in 1924.
He died in Philadelphia of heart disease in 1941, age 70.

## Grand Slam finals
### Mixed doubles (1 title, 1 runner-up)

| Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Runner-up | 1905 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Elisabeth Moore | Augusta Schultz Clarence Hobart | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Winner | 1906 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Sarah Coffin | Margaret Johnson J. B. Johnson | 6–3, 7–5 |
# Aleksandr Shelkovnikov

Aleksandr Shelkovnikov (30 July 1937 – 5 December 2011) was a Soviet sailor. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Territorial Force Imperial Service Badge

The Territorial Force Imperial Service Badge was a short-lived decoration of the United Kingdom awarded to those members of the Territorial Force (TF) who were prepared to serve outside the United Kingdom in defence of the Empire, in the event of national emergency. The conditions of enlistment for the TF laid down at their creation in 1908 did not allow for soldiers to be sent for service overseas against their will, as the TF was intended for home defence. However, any man could volunteer for the Imperial Service Section and serve abroad in times of war, which entitled him to wear this badge. The Imperial Service Obligation was introduced by Army Order 3 of January 1910 to allow territorials to volunteer in advance.
The badge was worn on the right breast of the uniform. It was not compulsory for the badge to be worn.
This badge became obsolete when the Territorial Force was elevated to become the Territorial Army.
# Nicolas Ghosn

Nicolas Ghosn (1940 – 1 November 2018) was a Lebanese politician and lawyer.
Ghosn first ran in the Lebanese Parliament elections in 1992, which he lost. However, he won in 1996 and his term lasted until 2000. He lost his seat in the 2000 elections but regained it in 2005. Ghosn decided to not run again in 2009, thus ending his political career. In his final term, he ran under the Future Movement, which helped him gain support of the Greek Orthodox Church and set up the March 14 Alliance.
He was the son of Fouad Nicolas Ghosn, former Deputy Prime Minister of Lebanon.
# Charles P. Dykman

Charles P. Dykman is a former Presiding Judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.

## Career

Dykman was a Judge of the Court of Appeals from 1978 to 2010. He served as a Presiding Judge twice. First, from 1996 to 2001, and second, from 2009 to 2010. Previously, he had been an attorney in the private sector for more than decade. Since his retirement from public service, he has served on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin Law School.

## Education

* B.S. - University of Wisconsin-Madison
* LL.B. - University of Wisconsin Law School
# Albert M. Crampton

Albert M. Crampton (January 7, 1900 – March 13, 1953) was an American jurist.
Born in Moline, Illinois, Crampton graduated from Moline High School. Crampton received his law degree from Cornell Law School in 1922 and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1923. He also studied law at Harvard Law School and University of Wisconsin Law School. Crampton practiced law in Moline and served as Moline City Court judge. From 1944 to 1947, Crampton served on the Illinois Board of Education and was a Republican. Crampton served on the Illinois Supreme Court from 1948 until his death in 1953. Crampton served as chief justice of the court. Crampton died in a hospital in Springfield, Illinois following a heart attack while presiding over the supreme court.
# Warren W. Duncan

Warren Webster Duncan (January 21, 1857 – April 11, 1938) was an American jurist.
Born near Jeffersonville, Illinois, Duncan received his bachelor's degree from Ewing College. He then studied law and received his law degree from Saint Louis University School of Law. Buncan was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1885 and practiced law in Marion, Illinois. Duncan served on the Williamson County, Illinois Board of Education and was a Republican. He served as an Illinois circuit court judge and on the Illinois Appellate Court. Duncan served on the Illinois Supreme Court from 1915 until his retirement in 1933. Duncan died at his home in Marion, Illinois.
# Oscar E. Heard

Oscar Edwin Heard (June 26, 1856 – July 16, 1940) was an American jurist.
Born in Freeport, Illinois, Heard received his bachelor's degree from Northwestern University and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1879. He practiced law in Freeport, Illinois and was state's attorney for Stephenson County, Illinois. In 1909, Heard served as an Illinois circuit court judge and on the Illinois Appellate Court. He was a Republican. From 1924 until 1933, Heard served on the Illinois Supreme Court and served as acting chief justice in 1927–1928 and 1932–1933. Heard then practiced law with his son in Freeport. Heard died at his home in Freeport, Illinois.
# Loren E. Murphy

Loren E. Murphy (July 25, 1882 – June 2, 1963) was an American jurist who served as an associate justice and chief justice of the Illinois Supreme Court.
Born on a farm near Cuba, in Fulton County, Illinois, Murphy received his law degree from University of Michigan Law School in 1906 and then practiced law in Monmouth, Illinois. Murphy served as president of the Monmouth Board of Education and as mayor of Monmouth. He served as county judge for Warren County, Illinois and then as Illinois Circuit Court judge. Murphy also served on the Illinois Appellate Court. From 1939 to 1948, Murphy served on the Illinois Supreme Court and was chief justice. Murphy died at his home in Monmouth, Illinois.
# Howard C. Ryan

Howard Christopher Ryan (June 17, 1916 – December 10, 2008) was an Illinois attorney and judge, including service as judge of the Supreme Court of Illinois (1970 to 1990), and that court's Chief Justice (1982–1985).

## Early and family life

A native of Tonica, LaSalle County, Illinois, Howard C. Ryan grew up on a farm, and was educated in the local public schools, then LaSalle-Peru-Oglesby Junior College, the University of Illinois and the University of Illinois College of Law. He would enlist in the U.S. Army Air Corps, and serve 43 months during World War II as a radio operator with the 2nd Ferry Division Air Transport Command. In 1943 he married Helen (née Cizek), who predeceased him. They had a son and a daughter. Their son H. Chris Ryan, Jr., would continue his father's path as a lawyer and local judge and in 2010 begin serving as Chief Judge of the 13th Judicial Circuit

## Career

Admitted to the Illinois Bar on April 14, 1942, Ryan practiced law in Decatur, Macon County, Illinois for one and a half years after being discharged from his military service. He then returned to LaSalle County, where he lived in Tonica and moved his legal practice to Peru. He was appointed a part-time assistant LaSalle County state's attorney in 1952.
Elected the LaSalle county judge in 1954, in 1957 Ryan was elected circuit judge of the 13th Judicial Circuit, serving as chief judge from 1964 to 1968. He was elected to the 21-county 3rd District Appellate Court in 1968 and from that district was elected to the Supreme Court of Illinois in 1970, following a scandal which had led to two resignations. Ryan served as chief justice of the Supreme Court of Illinois from January 1982 to January 1985, and retired in 1990 after serving 36 years as a judge, including 20 years on the Illinois Supreme Court.
Ryan issued a 1978 ruling in which he critiqued Illinois' death penalty and anticipated problems cited years later when Governor George H. Ryan ordered a sweeping review of capital punishment. In the beginning of his Supreme Court tenure (Carey v. Cousins, 1977) Ryan opposed the death penalty but later (People vs. Lewis, 1981) voted in favor of it. In a 1991 interview to the Chicago Tribune Ryan said that he came to have fewer doubts about capital punishment and accepted it as the law of the land.
Ryan was a member of the LaSalle County, Illinois State and American Bar Associations, the American Judicature Society, Phi Alpha Delta law fraternity, the Odd Fellows and the Elks, the Tonica United Methodist Church as well as a 33rd degree Mason.

## Final years and death

After retiring from the bench, Ryan worked three years of counsel to the Chicago law firm Peterson and Ross and in a private mediation service. One of his former law clerks, who had later become an appellate judge in western Illinois, James D. Heiple, succeeded him. Judge Ryan survived his wife and died in an assisted living facility in Peru in 2008.
# Izzy the Frenchie

Izzy the Frenchie is a French bulldog, known as an internet celebrity. Izzy was born in northern California and moved with her owner Shane Jordan to the Hamptons in New York. The Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee, in 2020 issued an executive order and proclamation declaring August 26 "Izzy The Frenchie Day" in the city. As of 2021, Izzy had over one million followers on Instagram and currently lives in East Hampton, New York.

## Popularity

Izzy the Frenchie's notoriety began when she was a 5-week-old pup in a bath video. Izzy's owners created an Instagram page to share her adventures with their family and friends; the Instagram account has over 1 million followers. The bath video was shared on Instagram and became an immediate viral sensation around the world, with over 12 million views within 24 hours. Izzy's video was shared or watched by nearly a half a billion views from multiple shares on social media platforms. Izzy the French was listed in People's "21 Adorable Instagrams in 2017".
She has been featured in Vogue and asked to appear in her feature for the annual who's who of pop cultures Paper's "Break the Internet" in their November 2018 issue as one of the most viral icons of 2018. Izzy became an ambassador for the luxury hotel The Plaza Hotel in New York City in 2018. Izzy's dresses are made by a former Dior designer.
Izzy's engagement to Filmore was announced on January 10, 2019, by Izzy's soon-to-be grandmother-in-law, actress Whoopi Goldberg, in an Instagram post. Filmore's owner is Alex Martin, Goldberg's only child. The announcement prompted positive comments about the social significance of such a large over-the-top ceremony. Entertainment Tonight called it "the wedding of 2019," Brides Magazine said it set the stage for modern canine weddings and the new Lady and the Tramp. The news of the engagement was announced on the TV show and website of TMZ and Vanity Fair and was called "the wedding of our times." The wedding was in a top secret location, with a private guest list. Celebrity photographer Timothy White photographed the couple. New York reported that a reception was to be held at the estate of Whoopi Goldberg outside of New York City.
Izzy is owned by Shane Jordan. Izzy was signed to Simon & Schuster for the book "Wear the Damn Mask", released on November 17, 2020. During the 2021 Tokyo Olympic, a diver gold medallist, Tom Daley, was seen knitting a pink and purple material in a viral photo that kept his fans wondering about what he was doing. Days later, Daley revealed on his "knitting" Instagram page that he was stitching a jumper sweater gift for Izzy the Frenchie.

## Award

In 2021, Izzy was named the Top Social Media Animal of the year by Webby People's Voice Awards. She was previously nominated in same Social Animal category for the 2020 edition alongside The Dodo, and was conferred the 2020 Webby Awards Honoree.