OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# USS Bowen

USS Bowen (DE-1079/FF-1079) was a Knox-class frigate of the United States Navy. She was named for Vice Admiral Harold G. Bowen, Sr. (1883–1965), former chief of the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research, who was deceased at the time of her commissioning. Admiral Bowen's son and namesake, Harold G. Bowen, Jr., who also retired as a vice admiral, presided over the U.S. Navy's 1969 inquiry into the Pueblo incident.

## Service history

Avondale Shipyard built Bowen in Westwego, Louisiana. Bowen was laid down on 11 July 1969 and launched on 2 May 1970. The frigate was delivered on 17 May 1971. She was commissioned on 22 May 1971.
Commanded by Commander Arthur Drennan, Bowen was part of the expeditionary force deployed off the coast of Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War. In early September 1983, United States Marines at the Beirut International Airport came under artillery fire. After repeated warnings, Bowen was ordered to fire in defense of the Marines. On 8 September 1983, Bowen opened fire with her 5-inch gun, destroying several artillery pieces and a fire control tower in the mountains, 9 miles (14 km) southeast of Beirut. Bowen's action received international media attention as the ship became the first warship to engage in hostile fire in the Mediterranean Sea since World War II. In all, Bowen made six firing runs, firing 75 shells at hostile targets. For their actions, Bowen's crew was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation, the Navy Expeditionary Medal and proudly adopted the slogan "First to Shoot in Beirut". In early October 1983, after one month on the "Gun Line", Bowen was relieved by the battleship USS New Jersey.
In 1992, Bowen was re-designated as a training ship, designated as a FFT and started training naval reservists. She was also converted to allow for the testing and evaluation of women aboard combatant ships. The successful program led to women being assigned to "Man of War" ships throughout the fleets.
Bowen was decommissioned on 30 June 1994 and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 11 January 1995. She was immediately re-commissioned as the Akdeniz (F-257), of the Turkish Navy.
Bowen was disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred, Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) Section 516, Southern Region Amendment, to Turkey 22 February 2002. She served there as Akdeniz (F-257) until 2011.
# John Balfanz

John Carlyle Balfanz (June 23, 1940 – November 11, 1991) was an American ski jumper. He competed in the 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics with the best result of 10th place in the normal hill in 1964.
Balfanz took up ski jumping aged six, and by age 15 won the Central US Junior Championships. In 1957–1959 he served in the U.S. Army, first at Fort Carson in the U.S. and then in Karlsruhe, Germany. He took part in the 1962 World Championships in Poland, and in 17 international meets in Europe in 1963, winning two, and placing second at the Holmenkollen Ski Festival. In 1965 he set a U.S. national record at 325 feet (99 m) at Iron Mountain, Michigan. Balfanz retired from competitions after the 1968 Olympics, and later worked a national jumping coach. In 1980 he was inducted into the American Ski Jumping Hall of Fame.
# Arthur Johnson (boxer)

Arthur Anthony Johnson (born February 16, 1966, in East Saint Louis Illinois) is a former professional boxer from the United States, nicknamed "Flash".

## Amateur career

1984 Light Flyweight Champion for the Western Olympic Trials 1984 Light Flyweight Junior Nationals Champion
1985 Light Flyweight National Sports Festival Qualifying Champion 1985 Light Flyweight National Sports Festival Champion, in Baton Rouge, LA 1985 Light Flyweight National Golden Gloves Champion 1985 Flyweight Amateur Boxing Federation Champion
1986 Flyweight Amateur Boxing Federation Champion 1986 Flyweight World Champion Box-off 1986 Inaugural Goodwill Games Gold Medalist (an International Championship)
1987 Flyweight Amateur Boxing Federation Champion 1987 Flyweight Pan-American Box-off Champion
1988 Flyweight Olympic Trials Champion, in Concord, CA 1988 Flyweight Olympic Trials Box-off Champion, in Las Vegas, NV 1988 Flyweight Olympic Boxing Team (advancing to the Round of 16)
Johnson also held 7 Golden Glove titles in the light flyweight and flyweight division as an open fighter. He competed as a Flyweight for the United States at the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.

### 1988 Olympic Results

* Round of 64: Defeated Andrea Mannai (Italy) by decision, 5-0
* Round of 32: Defeated Bishnu Bahadur Singh (Nepal) referee stopped contest in the second round
* Round of 16 Lost to Kwang-Sun Kim (South Korea) by decision, 0-5

## Professional career

Johnson began his career in 1992 and in 1994 challenged Pichit Sitbangprachan for the IBF flyweight title in only his 9th pro fight, but lost a decision. In 1995 he took on WBO super flyweight title holder Johnny Tapia, but lost a majority decision. In 1998 he fought Mark Johnson for the IBF flyweight title, but was knocked out in the 1st round, his first and only knockout loss. In 2000, he lost in his 4th opportunity for a title against IBF bantamweight title holder Tim Austin, by decision. He won the flyweight North American title and National Boxing Association bantamweight and Jr. featherweight world titles as well as the International intercontinental title. He retired in 2003 having won 22 and lost 6 with 14 knockout wins and 1 knockout loss.
# Junior Ndagano

Ndagano Junior (born 25 October 1985) is a Rwandan-born Belgian football player who is currently out of contract.
Ndagano is a versatile left-sided forward or defender. He began his career at youth level with K.V. Turnhout before being signed by K.R.C. Genk as a 16-year-old. After two seasons at Genk he moved to KV Mechelen but did not managed to break into the first team. Since then he has played for a range of European clubs, including a spell with Paris FC, his most consistent period coming with Dessel Sport in the second division.
In 2011 Ndagano Junior was selected as part of a group of European players with Rwandan heritage to make a friendly tour of Rwanda. This led to him eventually being called up to the Rwandan National team.
# HMS Victorious (1808)

HMS Victorious was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Bucklers Hard on 20 October 1808, five years after the previous HMS Victorious had been broken up.

## Service history

Her first action came the year after her launch, as part of the Baltic Squadron, in which she assisted in the bombardment of the port of Flushing (Vlissingen) in what is now the Netherlands. The naval bombardment was just a part of a much larger operation; the land force consisted of some 30,000 men, and the objectives were simply to assist the Austrians by invading the Low Countries and to destroy the French Fleet at their believed location of Flushing.
The town of Flushing was actually seized, but the whole invasion soon became irrelevant and pointless, for the French Fleet had actually escaped to the port of Antwerp, and the Austrians had been defeated and were negotiating peace with the French. Over 4,000 British soldiers were killed during the expedition, 106 due to combat, the rest because of an illness known as Walcheren Fever.
Her deployment to the Mediterranean saw Victorious engage in her first skirmish against a French warship, on 22 February 1812 in the northern Adriatic Sea during Battle of Pirano, against the French Rivoli, 74, which was eventually defeated with much of her crew being killed and wounded. Rivoli was captured once the skirmish came to an end and she later served in action as a Royal Navy warship against the French. Victorious won the lineage its first battle honour during this engagement.
On 12 October 1812 Victorious, was at 44°33′N 12°10′W﻿ / ﻿44.550°N 12.167°W﻿ / 44.550; -12.167. She was escorting a 30-vessel West Indies-bound convoy.
Victorious served as part of Rear Admiral Sir George Cockburn's fleet in Chesapeake Bay during the War of 1812. She participated in the blockade of the Elizabeth River, keeping USS Constellation at her berth in Norfolk, Virginia during the conflict.
The warship was decommissioned and placed in ordinary at Portsmouth Dockyard in March 1814. She was returned to service as a receiving ship in 1826, and broken up on 21 December 1861.
# Thomas W. Williams (engineer)

Thomas W. Williams (born August 3, 1943) was an American engineer, Chief Scientist and fellow at Synopsys. He is known for his contributions to electronic design, automation and testing of electronic systems.

## Education and career

Williams obtained a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Clarkson University, a master's degree in pure mathematics from the State University of New York at Binghamton, and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Colorado State University. He worked as a manager of the VLSI Design for Testability group at the IBM Microelectronics Division in Boulder, Colorado. He then joined Synopsys where he became a fellow and Chief Scientist.
Williams was the founder and chair of the IEEE Computer Society workshop on design for testability, as well as the co-founder of the European workshop on design for testability. Williams chaired the IEEE technical subcommittee on design for testability and has been a keynote and invited speaker at international conferences. Williams was honored as a Distinguished Visiting Speaker by the IEEE Computer Society from 1982 to 1985. He served as a special-issue editor for the IEEE Transactions on Computers and the IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

## Awards and accomplishments

Williams was named a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 1988 “for leadership and contributions to the area of design for testability.” In 1989 Williams shared with Edward B. Eichelberger the 1989 IEEE Computer Society W. Wallace McDowell Award “for developing the level-sensitive scan technique of testing solid-state logic circuits and for leading, defining, and promoting design for testability concepts.”
In 2007, Williams received the European Design and Automation Association (EDAA) Lifetime Achievement Award for outstanding contributions to the state of the art in electronic design, automation and testing of electronic systems. This award was presented during the opening session of the Design Automation and Test in Europe conference.
In 2010, Williams was the recipient of the IEEE Test Technology Technical Council Lifetime Contribution Medal.
In 2018, the Electronic System Design Alliance honored Williams with the Phil Kaufman Award "for his outstanding contributions to test automation and his overall impact on the electronics industry".
Williams coauthored four books, 50 refereed publications and 20 patents. He received the following Outstanding Paper Awards:
* in 1987 from the IEEE International Test Conference for work on VLSI self-testing (with W. Daehn, M. Gruetzner, and C. W. Starke),
* in 1987 from the CompEuro’87 for work on self-test,
* in 1989 from the IEEE International Test Conference for work on AC test quality (with U. Park and M. R. Mercer),
* in 1991 from the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference for work on synthesis and testing (with B. Underwood and M. R. Mercer).
# The Volunteer (1944 film)

The Volunteer (1944) is a short black-and-white British film by the filmmakers Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger for the U.K. Ministry of Information. Made during World War II as recruitment propaganda for the Fleet Air Arm, volunteer numbers rose after its release.
The films features actor Ralph Richardson starring in a West End production of Othello. Pat McGrath plays his dresser, who joins the Fleet Air Arm and becomes a war hero – as famous as Richardson himself. British film stars Anna Neagle and Laurence Olivier make cameo appearances, as does director Michael Powell and fellow British film director Anthony Asquith.
This film was one of a highly-regarded series of war-time film collaborations between Powell and Pressburger - together often known as The Archers, the name of their production company - which also included The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp (1943) I Know Where I'm Going! (1945) and A Matter of Life and Death (1946).
The film is available as a supplement to The Criterion Collection DVD of the 1941 Powell and Pressburger film 49th Parallel and on the BFI 2021 blu-ray edition of the 1942 Powell and Pressburger film One of Our Aircraft is Missing.

## Cast

* Ralph Richardson as Lt. Cmdr Ralph Richardson
* Pat McGrath as Fred Davey
* Anna Neagle as Leaving Denham Studio
# Numeris

Numeris (formerly the Bureau of Broadcast Measurement, or BBM Canada) is a Canadian audience measurement organization. Established on May 11, 1944 as a division of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters, Numeris is the sole provider of viewership numbers for television and radio broadcasters in Canada.

## History

Numeris was founded by the Canadian Association of Broadcasters on May 11, 1944 as the Bureau of Broadcast Measurement.
In 1964, it became the first ratings service in the world to introduce computerized sample selection. In 2004, the organization began a joint venture with Nielsen Media Research to adopt its Portable People Meter system for television audience measurement.
The organization officially shortened its name to BBM Canada in 2001; despite this, many outlets still referred to the organization under its previous name. In late December 2011, BBM sued Canadian technology company Research in Motion for trademark infringement, as it uses the "BBM" acronym to refer to its BlackBerry Messenger service. The organization alleged that it had received phone calls from users who believed that they were affiliated with RIM. RIM objected to the lawsuit, arguing that both companies were in unrelated industries. The suit was dismissed in 2012 by Canadian federal courts as being without merit. BBM Canada ultimately chose to adopt a different name.
On June 19, 2014, BBM Canada re-branded as Numeris, unveiling a new logo designed by the agency Cundari, along with a new slogan, "Audiences Count". The company felt that the BBM name, especially given the continued use of its full name by media outlets, evoked visions of "surveys and bureaucracy" that were inconsistent with its modern operation.
On August 28, 2022, Numeris ceased publication of TV Topline Reports.

## Radio

In radio, Numeris is the main provider of ratings services. The company has traditionally used a diary-based system for tracking radio audience habits and this system is still used in most markets. In Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, Edmonton and Calgary ratings are now measured using the Portable People Meter (PPM) technology.

## Television

In television, Numeris is partnered with the American company Nielsen in a joint venture which measures the Toronto, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal Anglo and Montreal Franco markets, the Ontario region and national ratings figures via Portable People Meters.
# Michael Müller (bobsleigh)

Michael Müller (born 29 August 1976) is an Austrian bobsledder. He competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Spanish solution

Spanish solution :
Terminal station :
Through station :
In railway and rapid transit parlance, the Spanish solution is a station layout with two railway platforms, one on each side of the track, which allows for separate platforms for boarding and alighting.
The "Spanish solution" is used in several stations of the Madrid Metro (e.g. Avenida de América) and Barcelona Metro (e.g. Sant Andreu).

## Description

This platform arrangement allows the separation of passenger streams by using one platform only for boarding, and the other one only for alighting. The separate designation of platforms for boarding and alighting has been proven effective at reducing dwell time at stations with high passenger numbers.
The Spanish solution is most commonly applied at high-frequency underground metro stations. Stations are sometimes retrofitted to include a Spanish solution layout to expand the capacity of existing stations when there is no space to widen the existing platform, an issue that can occur in island platform configurations.
To encourage passengers to exit to the correct platform, arriving trains typically first open their doors facing the platform for alighting passengers, and then open the doors for boarding passengers after a slight delay.

## Examples

An example of the Spanish Solution is the Karlsplatz (Stachus) station on the Munich S-Bahn, which has island platforms for boarding and side platforms for alighting.
Additionally this solution can be found on several Metro de Madrid stations: Sainz de Baranda, Avenida de America and many others.

## Gallery

* Eastbound track at Marienplatz station, Munich S-Bahn
* Spanish solution on Line 6 at Charles de Gaulle - Étoile. Paris Metro
* Platforms of the Chabacano station on Line 8, Mexico City Metro.
* Boston's Park Street Under station in 1912. The same platform configuration is still in use.
* A temporary center platform at Pioneer Square station in Seattle used for transfers between trains
* Olympic Park station in Sydney. All passengers alight on the middle island platform and board from the significantly wider outer platforms during major events.
* Platforms of the Rogier station on Lines 2 and 6, Brussels Metro.
# Andreas Berger (athlete)

Andreas Berger (born 9 June 1961 in Gmunden, Oberösterreich) is a former Austrian track and field sprinter, who ran in the 100m and 200m. In 1993 he tested positive for the banned steroid Metandienone, together with his teammates Franz Ratzenberger, Thomas Renner, and Gernot Kellermayr, and was banned from competition for two years.

## Biography

His biggest success came in 1989 when he won the European Indoor Championship's 60 meter dash. In 1987 and 1989 he reached the World Championship semi-finals (1987 outdoors at 100 & 200m) (1989 indoors at 60m). He participated in the 1988 Summer Olympics reaching the quarter-finals of the 100 and 200 metres. Berger caused two false starts during a 100-meter first round qualifying heat at the 1992 Summer Olympics and was disqualified. He went on to reach the quarter-finals of the 200m and the final of the 4 × 100 m relay. He still holds the Austrian 100m dash record (10.15s, 1988).
He was Austrian 100/200 metre champion thirteen times. Berger also won the Austrian 60/200 metre indoor championships on six occasions. He competed at the European championships in Stuttgart 1986 in the 100 metres, but did not advance pass the semi-final.
In 1993 he tested positive for a banned steroid Metandienone, together with his teammates Franz Ratzenberger, Thomas Renner, and Gernot Kellermayr, and was subsequently banned from competition for two years.
# Shopping for Fangs

Shopping for Fangs is a 1997 black comedy film directed by Quentin Lee and Justin Lin, starring Radmar Agana Jao. The film marks the debut of actor John Cho.

## Plot

Housewife Katherine loses consciousness and loses her cell phone as a result. Lesbian waitress Trinh sends her sexually suggestive messages and pictures. Katherine's husband works with a man by the name of Phil.
Payroll clerk Phil, who is confused about his sexuality, thinks that he is transforming into a werewolf because his hair grows so quickly that he has to shave every hour, he gorges on raw meat, and he is uninjured after being struck by a car.

## Cast

* Radmar Jao as Phil
* Jeanne Chin as Katherine
* Clint Jung as Jim
* Lela Lee as Naomi
* John Cho as Clarance
* Peggy Ahn as Grace
* Scott Eberlein as Matt
* Daniel Twyman as Dr. Suleri
* Jennifer Hengstenberg as Sammi
* Dana Pan as May

## Production

The film's budget was less than $100,000 and had a filming schedule of 21 days in Los Angeles and the San Gabriel Valley. The film was partially funded with a Canada Council grant. Lee and Lin separated the filming between themselves, with Lee filming the part with Katherine and Lin filming the part with Phil. The term "GenerAsian X" may have been coined because of this film's release, with the X later being removed.
Lee said in a 2012 interview, "Shopping for Fangs is about finding connections, which is a theme that threads through all my movies." He also said, "It’s hard to quantify cultural impact, but certainly years after, scholars and critics are still talking about Shopping for Fangs." He added, "In our culture now we tend to think of people as having fixed identities. We tried to use the myths in the film to make these identities fluid again and make us question what we’re really about."

## Release

The film premiered at the 1997 San Francisco International Asian American Film Festival (CAAMFest) on March 7, 1997. It also screened at the 1997 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was distributed by Lin's company Margin Films.

## Reception

J.R. Jones of the Chicago Reader commented, "Like so many other indie releases of its time, this 1997 comedy is a knockoff of Pulp Fiction, with oddball characters, intersecting story lines, and plenty of B-movie flash. But it’s got real energy, and its solid grounding in LA’s Asian community gives the laughs a genuine cultural point of view."
David Noh, writing for Film Journal, said, "Under the circumstances, the actors manage to do rather nicely." Edward Guthmann, of San Francisco Chronicle, wrote, "Despite some fresh ideas, attractive actors and a sly, surprising performance by Chin as the disaffected Katherine, this is a rough first effort."

## Home media

The film was released on DVD on October 6, 2009 by Pathfinder Home Entertainment.
# La Faute-sur-Mer

La Faute-sur-Mer (French pronunciation:, literally La Faute on Sea) is a former commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It was merged with L'Aiguillon-sur-Mer to form L'Aiguillon-la-Presqu'île on 1 January 2022.

## Geography

The river Lay forms all of the commune's eastern border, then flows into the Atlantic Ocean, which forms all of its western border.
# 1961 Western Samoan referendum

A double referendum on a new constitution and independence took place in Western Samoa on 10 May 1961. A Constitutional Assembly of Matai and associated groups had been elected the previous year to draw up a proposed constitution. It reflected the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy, but restricted both standing and voting in elections to the Matai. The referendums were supervised by the United Nations, and with both approved, the country gained independence on 1 January the following year.

## Results
### New constitution

   Do you agree with the Constitution, adopted by the Constitutional Convention on 28 October 1960?
| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 31,426 | 86.49 |
| Against | 4,909 | 13.51 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,562 | – |
| Total | 37,897 | 100 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||

### Independence

   Do you agree that on 1 January 1962 Western Samoa should become an independent State on the basis of that Constitution?
| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 29,882 | 85.40 |
| Against | 5,108 | 14.60 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 2,907 | – |
| Total | 37,897 | 100 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||
# HMS Portland (1693)

HMS Portland was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Woolwich Dockyard on 28 March 1693. One of two 50-gun ships ordered on 17 February 1692 (the other was the Anglesea).
She was present at Wager's Action a naval confrontation on 8 June 1708 N.S (28 May O.S.), between a British squadron under Charles Wager and the Spanish treasure fleet, as part of the War of Spanish Succession.
On 17 March 1709, Portland recaptured Coventry, which the 54-gun Auguste and the 54-gun Jason (1704) had captured in September 1704.
She was rebuilt according to the 1719 Establishment at Portsmouth, and was re-launched on 25 February 1723.
In July 1739 Edward Hawke, who later became the First Lord of the Admiralty, became the commander of Portland until 1743.
Portland was broken up later that same year.