OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thyroid hormone binding ratio

Thyroid hormone binding ratio (THBR) is a thyroid function test that measures the "uptake" of T3 or T4 tracer by thyroid-binding globulin (TBG) in a given serum sample. This provides an indirect and reciprocal estimate of the available binding sites on TBG within the sample.
The results are then reported as a ratio to normal serum.

## Indications

Attempts to correct for changes in thyroid binding globulin due to liver disease, protein losing states, pregnancy or various drugs
It is used to calculate free thyroxine index (total T4 x T3 uptake), an estimate of free T4. Free thyroxine index may be calculated with increased diagnostic accuracy using direct TBG measurement when the total hormone concentration is abnormally elevated

## Examples

* In patients with hyperthyroidism, there will be fewer available binding sites on TBG (due to the increased circulating T3 / T4). This will lead to an increased thyroid hormone binding ratio.
* In patients with hypothyroidism, there will be more free binding sites on TBG (due to the decreased amount of circulating T3 / T4) and as such the THBR will be decreased.
* In general, High with High thyroid activity and Low with Low thyroid activity.

### Other Conditions

* Total TBG can be increased (thereby decreasing the THBR) congenitally, or in conditions such as pregnancy (period of increased estrogen) and with the treatment of certain infections such as Hepatitis C. In the latter, reduction of inflammation of the liver results in increased protein synthesis
* Total TBG can be decreased (thereby increasing the THBR) congenitally, or in conditions such as liver failure, protein-losing conditions, or nephrotic conditions. Increased androgen levels will also decrease TBG synthesis, increasing THBR.
* THBR can be directly altered by drugs such as;
** Anticonvulsants such as phenytoin and carbamazepine
** Antinflammatory drugs such as salicylates (Aspirin) or phenylbutazone (NSAID)
** High levels of free fatty acids, commonly seen in acutely ill patients.

## Limitations

Invalid if other proteins or immunoglobulins compete with TBG, including familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia
# Maryland Scholastic Association

The Maryland Scholastic Association (MSA) was a high school sports league governing high school sports in the Baltimore metropolitan area. The MSA was established in 1919 and was initially led by Dr. Phillip H. Edwards, a former coach at and then-President of Baltimore City College. The league was established as a central coordinating entity to ensure fair competition and handle operational processes like scheduling games. The MSA was founded as two leagues of approximately six teams each "to allow the difference in strength among some of the teams." The winners from each league initially played to determine a city champion. Founding members of the MSA included Baltimore City College, Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, The Donaldson School, Dunham's School, Friends School of Baltimore, Loyola Blakefield, Mount Saint Joseph High School, Park School of Baltimore, William S. Marston School. Ultimately, MSA membership included public high schools from Baltimore City and surrounding counties, as well as Roman Catholic, other religious, and independent private schools.
The association was distinctive for its inclusive approach, uniting students from diverse economic, educational, and religious backgrounds. This inclusivity extended to racial integration in 1956, two years after the landmark "Brown vs. Board of Education" Supreme Court decision. The MSA integrated former "colored" schools in Baltimore City, such as Frederick Douglass High School and Paul Laurence Dunbar Community High School, into its ranks. Unlike the Maryland Public Secondary Schools Athletic Association (MPSSAA) which classified schools based on student population, the MSA classified schools based on their athletic track record and tradition in individual sports, regardless of size. This system allowed schools with smaller student bodies but strong athletic programs to compete in higher conferences.
The MSA was known for its high level of competition in various sports, with schools like City College, Polytechnic, and Edmondson High School excelling in football, and others like Mount St. Joseph's and Loyola achieving success in wrestling and swimming. Championships in the MSA were highly celebrated, with winners receiving polished mahogany plaques or framed certificates. A highlight of the MSA's sports calendar was the Thanksgiving Day double-header at Memorial Stadium, featuring the Calvert Hall-Loyola game and the City-Poly game. These events drew significant media attention and large crowds, reflecting the importance of high school sports in the Baltimore area at the time.
The league was successful until 1992 when the Baltimore City public high schools withdrew from the MSA to join the MPSSAA for the opportunity to compete for state championships. The league's private schools formed the Maryland Interscholastic Athletic Association (MIAA).
The MSA board voted to dissolve the organisation in August 1993.
# Thozha

Thozha, literally "friend" in Tamil, may refer to:
* Thozha (2008 film), directed by N. Sundaresan
* Oopiri, a 2016 Telugu film, titled Thozha in Tamil, directed by Vamsi Paidipally
# 2008 in Jewels

The year 2008 is the 1st year in the history of Jewels, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. In 2008 Jewels held 1 event, Jewels 1st Ring.

## Events list

| # | Event Title | Date | Arena | Location | Attendance |
| 1 | Jewels 1st Ring | November 16, 2008 | Shinjuku Face | Tokyo, Japan | 645 |

## Jewels 1st Ring

Jewels 1st Ring was an event held on November 16, 2008, at Shinjuku Face in Tokyo, Japan.
# Lyn Davies

David Lyn Davies (born 29 September 1947) is a Welsh former professional footballer and Wales under-23 international. During his career he made 19 appearances in the Football League.

## Career

Born in Neath, Davies began his career at Cardiff City, signing a professional deal in October 1965. After making eleven appearances during the 1965–66 season, he was brought back into the first team in September 1966 but conceded 24 goals in a five-game spell, including 7–1 defeats to Wolverhampton Wanderers and Plymouth Argyle. During this spell he also made his debut for the Wales under-23 side and suffered another heavy defeat in an 8–0 loss to England under-23s at Molineux Stadium.
With his confidence shattered, Davies left the club, moving into non-league football with spells at Hereford United and Llanelli, where he helped the club win the Welsh League during the 1970–71 season, before returning to The Football League with Swansea City. Signed by Roy Bentley in July 1972, he spent one season at Vetch Field as understudy to Tony Millington, making three league appearances before joining BP Llandarcy.

## After retirement

Davies later worked as a rigger before becoming a police officer.
# Masako Doi

Masako Doi (born 9 June 1995) is a Japanese judoka. She is the gold medallist of the 2018 Judo Grand Slam Osaka in the 60 kg category. She won the silver medal in her event at the 2022 Judo Grand Slam Paris held in Paris, France.
# Lukáš Dvořák

Lukáš Dvořák may refer to:
* Lukáš Dvořák (photographer) (born 1982), Czech photographer
* Lukáš Dvořák (footballer) (born 1984), Czech footballer
# Lyneham

Lyneham may refer to:
* Lyneham, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb of Canberra, Australia
** Lyneham High School
* Lyneham, Oxfordshire, a village and civil parish in England
* Lyneham, Wiltshire, a village in England
** RAF Lyneham, former Royal Air Force base
* Lyneham, Yealmpton, an historic estate in Devon, England
# Irah Chase

Irah Chase (born at Stratton, Vermont, October 5, 1793; died at Newtonville, Massachusetts, November 1, 1864) was a United States Baptist clergyman.

## Biography

He was educated at Middlebury College and Andover Theological Seminary, and was ordained in 1817. After laboring as a Baptist missionary in the western part of Virginia, he became in 1818 professor in a new theological school at Philadelphia, which was soon after transferred to Washington, D.C., to become the theological department of the newly chartered Columbian College. In this office he remained seven years, one of which he spent in Europe, and in 1825 he was prominent in establishing the Newton Theological Institution at Newton Centre, Massachusetts, with which he was connected as professor until 1845, when he resigned, in order to devote himself to theological and literary studies. During a visit to Europe in 1830 he aided in founding the Baptist mission in France.

## Works

* The Life of John Bunyan
* The Design of Baptism
* The Work claiming to be the Constitution of the Holy Apostles, revised from the Greek
* Infant Baptism an Invention of Man
He wrote many sermons, essays, and contributions to reviews on questions of church history and doctrine.

## Family

He married Harriet Savage in 1821. They had seven children, five of whom survived infancy. She died in 1834, and in 1835 he married Martha Raymond, with whom he had two children, one of whom survived infancy. Martha died in 1846.
# Akademik Ioffe

Akademik Ioffe is a research vessel, named after the Soviet physicist Abram Fedorovich Ioffe.
Built in 1988, the vessel has a displacement of 6,600 tons, and a length of 364 ft (111 m). Akademik Ioffe and Akademik Sergey Vavilov were built as a joint project. Both ships feature a vertical shaft about two meters in diameter, which opens from the main deck into a special room, from which an acoustic receiver or a transmitter can be lowered to below the waterline by means of a winch. The vessels were used for experiments on the long-range propagation of sound in the ocean.
The vessel belongs to the Institute of Oceanology. P. P. Shirshov, of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
She was chartered by One Ocean Expeditions until 2019.

## 2018 grounding

The vessel ran aground west of the Astronomical Society Islands in the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut, Canada in August 2018. There were 126 people on board; none were lost. The Akademik is said to have remained aground for 12 hours. The salvage effort cost Canadian taxpayers $513,025.44, in addition to Canadian Coast Guard costs.

## Research expeditions

* 1st expedition - August - December 1989, together with the R/V Academik Vavilov. Six groups of researchers from the USSR Academy of Sciences. Included - attempts to measure neutrinos, to study the passage of ultra-low-frequency oscillations, etc.
* 8th expedition - June - September 2000.
* 10th expedition - October - November 2001. Geological studies in the equatorial part of the Atlantic Ocean.
* 19th expedition - autumn 2005. Hydrological sections in the Drake Passage, Bransfield Strait and the Loper Strait.
* 20th expedition - spring of 2006.
* 21st expedition - summer of 2006. Hydrological section 59°30'; from the UK shelf to the southern tip of Greenland.
* 22nd expedition - autumn of 2006.
* 23rd expedition - summer of 2007. Hydrological section 59°30' from the UK shelf to the southern tip of Greenland, to the port of Iqaluit.
* 24th expedition - the fall of 2007. Hydrological section through the Drake Passage.
* 25th expedition - summer of 2008. A hydrological section of 59 ° 30 'from the UK shelf to the southern tip of Greenland - the Farwell metro station, ending in the port of St. John's (Newfoundland)
* 29th expedition is from October to November 2009.
# Ionatana Tino

Ionatana Tino is a Samoan rugby league and rugby union footballer who represented Samoa in the 2013 World Cup.

## Playing career

A player for the Apia Barracudas in the Samoan local competition, Tino played for the Parkes Spacemen in the Group 11 Rugby League competition during the 2013 season.
In 2013, Tino was named in the Samoa squad for the World Cup.
He played for the Samoan rugby league nines side at the 2015 Pacific Games.
# Ah Me, Ah My

"Ah Me, Ah My" is a song by English band Strawbs written by Tony Hooper. The track first appeared on the Grave New World album, although it was written and recorded a few years earlier. The original recording was later released on the Strawberry Sampler Number 1 album.

## Personnel

* Tony Hooper – vocals
featuring
* "The Gentlemen of the Chorus"
* "Tony Visconti's Old Tyme Orchestra" (actually members of the Ted Heath Orchestra)
# Tichina

Tichina is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Tichina Arnold (born 1969), American actress, comedian, and singer
* Tichina Vaughn (born 1965), American operatic mezzo-soprano
* Tichina, a character in the animated short film "In the Stars", from the second volume of the anthology Star Wars: Visions
# 2009 Tennessee State Tigers football team

The 2009 Tennessee State Tigers football team represented Tennessee State University as a member of the a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) in the 2009 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Tigers were led by fifth-year head coach James Webster and played their home games at LP Field. They finished the season 4–7 overall and 3–4 in OVC play to finish in sixth place.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 5 | 6:00 pm | Alabama A&M* | LP FieldNashville, TN (John Merritt Classic) | | L 7–24 | 23,871 |
| September 12 | 6:10 pm | vs. Jackson State* | Liberty Bowl Memorial StadiumMemphis, TN (Southern Heritage Classic) | | W 14–7 | 43,306 |
| September 19 | 6:00 pm | at Southern* | A. W. Mumford StadiumBaton Rouge, LA | | L 17–24 | 12,247 |
| September 26 | 3:45 pm | vs. No. 25 Florida A&M* | Georgia DomeAtlanta, GA (Atlanta Football Classic) | | L 12–31 | 51,950 |
| October 3 | 6:00 pm | Southeast Missouri State | LP FieldNashville, TN | | W 23–17 | 6,314 |
| October 10 | 6:00 pm | at No. 16 Eastern Kentucky | Roy Kidd StadiumRichmond, KY | OVCsports.tv | W 20–17 | 7,100 |
| October 17 | 6:00 pm | Murray State | LP FieldNashville, TN | | L 6–9 | 5,572 |
| October 31 | 1:30 pm | at Tennessee Tech | Tucker StadiumCookeville, TN (Sgt. York Trophy) | | L 13–20 | 7,999 |
| November 7 | 5:00 pm | UT Martin | LP FieldNashville, TN (Sgt. York Trophy) | | L 7–28 | 22,902 |
| November 14 | 4:00 pm | at Austin Peay | Governors StadiumClarksville, TN (Sgt. York Trophy) | | L 21–24 | 6,968 |
| November 19 | 5:30 pm | at No. 14 Eastern Illinois | O'Brien StadiumCharleston, IL | | W 21–10 | 3,509 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from The Sports Network Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Central time ||||||||
# Lyonia elliptica

Lyonia elliptica is a species of plant in the family Ericaceae. It is endemic to Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Air Sylphe Bi 582

The Air Sylphe Bi 582 is a French powered parachute that was designed and produced by Air Sylphe of Villereau, Nord. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.
The company seems to have gone out of business in the end of 2007 and production ended by that date.

## Design and development

An improved version of their previous two seat design, the Bi 582 was introduced in 2004 and designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of 450 kg (992 lb). The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of 330 kg (728 lb). It features a 45 m$^2$ (480 sq ft) parachute-style wing designed by Xavier Demoury, two-seats-in-tandem accommodation, tricycle landing gear and a single 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582 engine in pusher configuration.
The aircraft carriage is built from metal tubing with a ducted fan derived from an industrial air ventilation system. The main landing gear incorporates spring rod suspension. There is also a special version of the aircraft to accommodate wheelchair aviators.
The aircraft has an empty weight of 130 kg (287 lb) and a gross weight of 330 kg (728 lb), giving a useful load of 200 kg (441 lb). With full fuel of 30 litres (6.6 imp gal; 7.9 US gal) the payload for crew and baggage is 178 kg (392 lb).

## Specifications (Bi 582)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Wingspan: 15 m (49 ft 3 in)
* Wing area: 45 m$^2$ (480 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 5:1
* Empty weight: 130 kg (287 lb)
* Gross weight: 330 kg (728 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 30 litres (6.6 imp gal; 7.9 US gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 582 twin cylinder, two-stroke, liquid-cooled aircraft engine, 48 kW (64 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 48 km/h (30 mph, 26 kn)
* Stall speed: 20 km/h (12 mph, 11 kn)
* Rate of climb: 2.5 m/s (490 ft/min)
* Wing loading: 7.3 kg/m$^2$ (1.5 lb/sq ft)
# Masdevallia triangularis

Masdevallia triangularis is a species of orchid found from Venezuela to Ecuador. It grows to approximately 10 cm tall, and bears flat, solitary flowers above the leaves. It is more warmth tolerant than many other species in subsection Caudatae, and can be cultivated successfully in intermediate conditions.
# Masdevallia ventricularia

Masdevallia ventricularia is a species of orchid occurring from Colombia to northwestern Ecuador.
# Masdevallia striatella

Masdevallia striatella is a species of orchid that occurs from Costa Rica to western Panama.
# Masdevallia unguentum

Masdevallia unguentum was discovered in 2010 in the collection of Finca Dracula and is reported from Colombia. It is morphologically similar to Masdevallia marthae which was also discovered in cultivation without collection data but was later re-discovered in 1993 on the road to a television tower in the Department of Risaralda, Colombia Both are members of the subsection Saltatrices which is characterized by flowers with a tubular calyx.

## Etymology

From the Latin "unguentum", an ointment used to perfume the body. The name alludes to the aromatic flowers and their similarity to Masdevallia saltatrix, a species named for female dancers.
Pronunciation: "u - ng - w - ə - nt- (ə) - m"

## Description

Masdevallia unguentum is from an unknown origin but most likely originates from Colombia. The species is a miniature, presumably epiphytic, herb with erect, elliptic leaves. The flowers are born singly on thin stems as long as the leaf and emit a spicy fragrance. The species keys out to Masdevallia saltatrix but can easily be distinguished by the odor, striped rather than spotted calyx, and the tail that rests against the back of the tube.

## Cultivation

The species can be cultivated like other intermediate to cool (day: 56–64 F; night: 48–56 F) growing masdevallias. They require high humidity (65–95%) with strong air movement to prevent bacterial and fungal infections. Light should be medium to bright shade (600–1400 footcandles). The plants should be reported before the medium breaks down in either a bark based mix or in sphagnum moss. They should be fertilized with a half-strength mixture of a balanced fertilizer once a month and a high nitrogen fertilizer can be used for single applications in the spring and fall.
The plants can be propagated by division or sexually. After pollination the capsule will require about 90 days to mature and the seeds can be grown under aseptic conditions using G & B Orchid Laboratories' Mother Flask Medium V with charcoal or Phytamax Orchid Maintenance Medium. Seedlings require high humidity and should be fertilized every two weeks and may produce their first flowers in 1 to 4 years.
# Masters of Time

Masters of Time is a collection of two science fiction novellas by A. E. van Vogt. It was first published in 1950 by Fantasy Press in an edition of 4,034 copies. It contains the unrelated novellas "Recruiting Station" (here retitled "Masters of Time") and "The Changeling". The latter features a recurring character of van Vogt's called Pendrake. Both works of fiction originally appeared in the magazine Astounding SF. More confusingly, the title novella has also appeared on the third title of "Earth's Last Fortress".

## Sources

* Chalker, Jack L.; Mark Owings (1998). The Science-Fantasy Publishers: A Bibliographic History, 1923-1998. Westminster, MD and Baltimore: Mirage Press, Ltd. p. 237.
* Contento, William G. "Index to Science Fiction Anthologies and Collections". Retrieved 2008-03-16.
* Tuck, Donald H. (1978). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. Chicago: Advent. p. 431. ISBN 0-911682-22-8.
# 2010–11 OB I bajnoksag season

The 2010–11 OB I bajnokság season was the 74th season of the OB I bajnokság, the top level of ice hockey in Hungary. Seven teams participated in the league, and Alba Volan Szekesfehervar won the championship.

## First round

| Rank | Team | GP | W | OTW | OTL | L | Goals | Pts |
| 1. | Budapest Stars | 20 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 97:41 | 44 |
| 2. | Dunaújvárosi Acélbikák | 20 | 14 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 116:51 | 43 |
| 3. | Ferencvárosi TC | 20 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 88:74 | 37 |
| 4. | Miskolci Jegesmedvék Jégkorong Sportegyesület | 20 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 112:73 | 36 |
| 5. | SAPA Fehérvár AV 19 | 20 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 62:98 | 20 |
| 6. | Újpesti TE | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 39:177 | 0 |

## Second round

| Rank | Team | GP | W | OTW | OTL | L | Goals | Pts |
| 1. | Budapest Stars | 15 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 74:33 | 40 (6) |
| 2. | Dunaújvárosi Acélbikák | 15 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 87.38 | 38 (4) |
| 3. | Miskolci Jegesmedvék Jégkorong Sportegyesület | 15 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 68:59 | 25 (0) |
| 4. | Ferencvárosi TC | 15 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 57:63 | 23 (2) |
| 5. | SAPA Fehérvár AV 19 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 43:57 | 15 (0) |
| 6. | Újpesti TE | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 36:115 | 6 (0) |

## Playoffs
### Semifinals

* Alba Volán Székesfehérvár - Miskolci Jegesmedve Jégkorong Sport Egyesület 3:0 (7:6 SN, 9:1, 8:3)
* Budapešť Stars - Dunaújvárosi Acélbikák 2:3 (4:0, 1:2, 4:2, 2:5, 2:3)

### Final

* Alba Volán Székesfehérvár - Dunaújvárosi Acélbikák 4:0 (2:1, 5:2, 7:4, 9:4)
# Airdrome Fokker D-VIII

The Airdrome Fokker D-VIII is an American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Airdrome Aeroplanes, of Holden, Missouri. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.
The aircraft is a 3/4 scale replica of the First World War German Fokker D.VIII fighter, built from modern materials and powered by modern engines.

## Design and development

The Airdrome Fokker D-VIII features a parasol wing monoplane layout, a single-seat open cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its flying surfaces covered in doped aircraft fabric. The kit is made up of twelve sub-kits. The Airdrome Fokker D-VIII has a wingspan of 25 ft (7.6 m) and a wing area of 75 sq ft (7.0 m$^2$). It can be equipped with engines ranging from 46 to 85 hp (34 to 63 kW). The standard engine is the 50 hp (37 kW) Rotax 503 two stroke engine or 35 hp (26 kW) Rotax 377, with a Volkswagen air-cooled engine optional. Continental A65 65 hp (48 kW) engines and 55 to 75 hp (41 to 56 kW) Lycoming O-145 powerplants have also been used. Building time from the factory-supplied kit is estimated at 400 hours by the manufacturer.

## Operational history

Twenty-one examples had been completed by December 2011.

## Specifications (Fokker D-VIII)

Data from Kitplanes and Airdrome Aeroplanes
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 16 ft (4.9 m)
* Wingspan: 25 ft (7.6 m)
* Wing area: 75 sq ft (7.0 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 275 lb (125 kg)
* Gross weight: 517 lb (235 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 10 U.S. gallons (38 L; 8.3 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 503 two cylinder, air-cooled, two stroke aircraft engine, 50 hp (37 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden
Performance
* Maximum speed: 92 mph (148 km/h, 80 kn)
* Cruise speed: 80 mph (130 km/h, 70 kn)
* Stall speed: 32 mph (51 km/h, 28 kn)
* Range: 280 mi (450 km, 240 nmi)
* Rate of climb: 1,120 ft/min (5.7 m/s)
* Wing loading: 6.9 lb/sq ft (34 kg/m$^2$)
# John Butler (priest)

John Butler DD (d. 1682) was a Canon of Windsor from 1669 - 1682.

## Career

He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge.
He was appointed:
* Chaplain to Prince Rupert
* Chaplain to King Charles II
* Rector of Hartley Westpall
He was appointed to the twelfth stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1669, and held the stall until 1682.