OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meconic acid

Meconic acid, also known as acidum meconicum and poppy acid, is a chemical substance found in certain plants of the poppy family, Papaveraceae, such as Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) and Papaver bracteatum. Meconic acid constitutes about 5% of opium and can be used as an analytical marker for the presence of opium. Meconic acid has erroneously been described as a mild narcotic, but it has little or no physiological activity, and is not used medicinally. Meconic acid forms salts with alkaloids and metals. These salts as well as meconic acid esters are called meconates. Meconic acid was first isolated by Friedrich Sertürner in 1805.

## Chemistry

Meconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. Its structure contains two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) and one keto group (=O) attached to a pyran ring. Meconic acid gives a red color with ferric chloride. Meconic acid is colorless and is only slightly soluble in water but readily soluble in alcohol.
# Veleropilina oligotropha

Veleropilina oligotropha is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found in the Pacific Ocean to the north of Hawaii.
# Amendola

Amendola (Italian pronunciation:) is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anna Amendola (1931–2019), Italian actress
* Alessia Amendola (born 1984), Italian voice actress
* Beatriz Amendola, expert in the field of radiation oncology
* Buddy Amendola (1930-1994), college football coach
* Claudio Amendola (born 1963), Italian actor, director and television presenter
* Danny Amendola (born 1985), American football player
* Ferrante Amendola (1664-1724), Italian historical painter
* Ferruccio Amendola (1930-2001), Italian actor and voice actor
* Giorgio Amendola (1907-1980), Italian communist politician and writer, son of Giovanni Amendola
* Giovanni Amendola (1882-1926), Italian journalist and politician
* Giovanni Battista Amendola (1848-1887), Italian 19th-century sculptor
* Guiscardo Améndola (1906-1972), Uruguayan painter
* Mario Amendola (1910-1993), Italian screenwriter and film director
* Matt Ammendola (born 1996), American football player
* Orlando Amêndola, Brazilian swimmer, water polo player and rower
* Pino Ammendola (born 1951), Italian film actor
* Sal Amendola (born 1948), Italian-American comic book artist
* Salvador Amendola (born 1906, date of death unknown), Brazilian water polo player
* Scott Amendola (born 1969), American jazz drummer and composer
* Tony Amendola (born 1951), American actor
* Vincenzo Amendola (born 1973), Italian politician
# Machel

Machel may refer to:

## Surname

* Graça Machel (born 1945), Mozambican politician and humanitarian, the second wife and widow of Samora Machel, third wife and widow of Nelson Mandela
* Josina Machel (FRELIMO) (1945–1971), activist for Mozambican independence and the emancipation of African women, the first wife of Samora Machel
* Samora Machel (1933–1986), the first president of Mozambique
* Stefan Machel (born 1960), Polish rock guitarist, composer, and record producer

## Given name

* Machel Cedenio (born 1995), Trinidadian Olympic athlete
* Machel Millwood (born 1979), Jamaican soccer player
* Machel Montano (born 1974), Trinidadian singer, songwriter, and record producer
* Machel Waikenda (born 1981), Kenyan politician
# 2022 Czech Pirate Party leadership election

The Czech Pirate Party held a leadership election on 8 January 2022, following the party's poor performance in the 2021 Czech legislative election. Ivan Bartoš was reelected, defeating Senator Lukáš Wagenknecht in the final round.

## Background

The Czech Pirate Party has been led by Ivan Bartoš since 2016. Under his leadership, they became the third largest party in the Czech Republic after the 2017 legislative election, with 22 seats. Bartoš also led the party during the 2021 election, which the party contested as part of the Pirates and Mayors electoral alliance. Due to preferential voting, the Pirates received only 4 seats of the 37 seats won by the alliance. After the election, a part of the membership called for Bartoš's resignation. The party joined the new government following the election.
On 13 December 2021, Senator Lukáš Wagenknecht announced his candidacy for party leader. He said that the situation within the party was not good, as it was becoming "a submissive political accessory with only 4 MPs." He expressed concern that the failure in the 2021 legislative election could repeat itself in municipal elections in 2022. Bartoš himself stated that he was yet to decide whether to run for another term. Jana Kolaříková and Jana Michailidu also announced their intention to run. Bartoš announced his candidacy on 16 December 2021. He admitted during the announcement that he was partly to blame for the party's poor result in the legislative election, but expressed the belief that "even though the situation is hard the party will become more experienced and will be stronger." Eva Horáková was also running for the position at the time. David Witosz later announced his candidacy, saying that the Pirate Party should not become a party of one man. On 3 January 2022, Bartoš, Michailidu, Wagenknecht and Witosz were reported to be the official candidates.
Michailidu gained widespread media attention when she described herself as a "democratic Communist". Michailidu received seven nominations, Bartoš four, Wagenknecht three, and Witosz one.

## Candidates

* Ivan Bartoš, incumbent leader and Minister of Regional Development.
* Jana Michailidu, member of republic committee.
* Lukáš Wagenknecht, Senator.
* David Witosz, Deputy Mayor of Moravská Ostrava a Přívoz.

### Announced but did not run

* Eva Horáková, member of Prague assembly.
* Jana Kolaříková, Deputy Chairwoman of South Bohemian branch.

## Results

Bartoš and Wagenknecht advanced to the second round, in which Bartoš received 662 of 948 votes, against 265 for Wagenknecht.
Caption text :
| Candidate | 1st round | 2nd round |
| Ivan Bartoš | 728 | 662 |
| Lukáš Wagenknecht | 484 | 265 |
| David Witosz | 355 | eliminated |
| Jana Michailidu | 285 | eliminated |
# Ulysses Prentiss Hedrick

Ulysses Prentiss Hedrick (1870–1951) was an American botanist and horticulturist.
His main interest was cultivated fruit trees and he published a number of volumes dealing with such fruits as cherries, grapes, plums, and peaches.

## Biography

Hedrick was born in 1870 in Independence, Iowa. He grew up in Northern Michigan near Harbor Springs, an experience recalled in his memoir The Land of the Crooked Tree, and was the brother of Wilbur Olin Hedrick. He attended Michigan State Agricultural College (MSAC), now Michigan State University, receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in 1893 and a Master of Science degree in 1895. He worked as Assistant Horticulturist at MSAC from 1893 to 1895, while studying for his M.S.
From 1895 to 1905, Hedrick taught botany and horticulture at Oregon Agricultural College (1895–1897), Utah Agricultural College (1897–1899), and Michigan State Agricultural College (1899–1905). He became a horticulturist at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, New York in 1905. While in Geneva, Hedrick was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science (Sc.D.) degree at Hobart College in 1913. He continued to work at the Station, which he directed from 1928 onwards, until 1937, when he retired.
Hedrick was made a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1911, and of the New York State Historical Association and a member of the American Society for Horticultural Science (president 1913) and American Pomological Society.
During his lifetime, he authored or co-authored more than a dozen publications, which are "still frequently consulted", on the subjects of pomology and horticulture. His monographs on fruits, including publications such as The Pears of New York (1922), "have become classic references on the fruit cultivars of the period".
Hedrick died in 1951.

## Publications

* Grapes of New York (1908)
* Plums of New York (1911)
* Cherries of New York (1915)
* Peaches of New York (1917)
* Manual of American Grape Growing (1919)
* Sturtevant's Notes on Edible Plants (1919)
* Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1921)
* The Pears of New York (1921)
* Systematic Pomology (1925)
* Small Fruit of New York (1925)
* The Vegetables of New York (1929)
* History of Agriculture in the State of New York (1933)
* Fruits for the Home Garden (1944)
* The Land of the Crooked Tree (1948)
* Grapes and Wines from Home Vineyards (1945)
* A History of Horticulture in America (1950)
# Underwater Nightmare

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
Underwater Nightmare is a vinyl 7"/digital EP by gothic country band O'Death.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by O'Death except where noted

## Personnel

* Greg Jamie – vocals, guitar
* Gabe Darling – backing vocals, ukulele, guitar, banjo
* David Rogers-Berry – drums, whoop
* Bob Pycior – fiddle, guitar
* Jesse Newman – bass
* Dan Sager – euphonium
# Meerufenfushi

Meerufenfushi as a place name may refer to:
* Meerufenfushi (Alif Alif Atoll) (Republic of Maldives)
* Meerufenfushi (Kaafu Atoll) (Republic of Maldives)
# Outrigger Hotels & Resorts

Outrigger Resorts & Hotels is a Honolulu-based luxury hotel chain and management company that operates hotels, condominiums, and vacation resort properties in Hawaii, the Asia-Pacific region, and the islands of the Indian Ocean.

## History

The company was founded by Roy and Estelle Kelley, who opened their first hotel in 1947. Roy Kelley was an architect for Charles William Dickey and worked on many of Honolulu's landmark buildings, including the Immigration Station, Montegue Hall at Punahou School, the main building of the old Halekulani Hotel and the former Waikiki Theater.
In 1963, Roy Kelley bought the old Outrigger Canoe Club from the estate of Queen Emma of Hawaii and built the Outrigger Waikiki on this site. In 1967, the Outrigger Waikiki On The Beach hotel opened, the first to carry the Outrigger name. During the 1970s, Outrigger grew into a chain of Hawaiian hotels. In 1982, the company purchased the Prince Kuhio Hotel, its first luxury property. By 1986, Outrigger became the largest hotel chain in Hawaii when its room count reached over 7,000. In 1989, Outrigger took over the Royal Waikoloan Hotel, and in 1993, the Kauai Hilton became the Outrigger Kauai Beach hotel. In 1996, Outrigger opened its first hotel outside the United States, the Outrigger Marshall Islands Resort.
In 1999, Outrigger spun off 15 of its hotels to create the hotel chain OHANA Hotels and Resorts, a brand of three-star properties, while keeping the Outrigger brand for its higher-end five-star and luxury properties. Ohana is a Hawaiian word meaning "family". By 2018, there were only two remaining OHANA Hotels.
By 2014, the hotel chain operated 11,000 rooms in 40 hotels worldwide and added 2 Fiji hotels to its list of properties.
In March 2016, Outrigger sold its four Australian hotels to the Mantra Group. In November 2016, the company entered into an agreement to be acquired by an affiliate of KSL Capital Partners, a Denver, Colorado based firm that specializes in travel and leisure investments. Outrigger's portfolio includes 38 hotels, condominiums and vacation resort properties operated, owned and managed. Jeff Wagoner joined the company as president and CEO, effective April 26, 2018. Additionally, KSL Resorts Co-founder and CEO Scott Dalecio, who was serving as Outrigger’s interim CEO since early 2017, was appointed executive chairman of the global hospitality brand.
# Veleru

Veleru is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Bapulapadu mandal of Nuzvid revenue division. It is one of the villages in the mandal to be a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.
Veleru is also a village in Khammam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Burgamphad mandal.
# Trupanea distincta

Trupanea distincta is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trupanea of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Taiwan.
# 2012 Tunis Open

The 2012 Tunis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the Tretorn SERIE+ tour. It took place in Tunis, Tunisia between April 30 and May 6, 2012.

## ATP entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| ESP | Marcel Granollers | 26 | 1 |
| FRA | Jérémy Chardy | 59 | 2 |
| TUN | Malek Jaziri | 87 | 3 |
| ESP | Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo | 99 | 4 |
| ARG | Horacio Zeballos | 115 | 5 |
| EST | Jürgen Zopp | 125 | 6 |
| ITA | Alessandro Giannessi | 128 | 7 |
| TUR | Marsel İlhan | 129 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of April 23, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Haithem Abid
* Marcel Granollers
* Skander Mansouri
* Lamine Ouahab
The following players received entry as a special exempt into the singles main draw:
* Mirza Bašić
* Vincent Millot
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Antonio Comporto
* Riccardo Ghedin
* Gianluca Naso
* Laurent Rochette

## Champions
### Singles

* Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo def. Jérémy Chardy, 6–1, 6–4

### Doubles

* Jerzy Janowicz / Jürgen Zopp def. Nicholas Monroe / Simon Stadler, 7–6$^{(7–1)}$, 6–3
# 2022 Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union

The Czech Republic's second Presidency of the Council of the European Union was held between 1 July and 31 December 2022. The country previously held the presidency from 1 January until 30 June 2009. The Czech presidency is part of the 11th Presidency Trio, together with France and Sweden. This trio is the first in the third cycle of presidencies. The presidency occurred under the leadership of Petr Fiala's Cabinet, though preparations started under the government of Andrej Babiš.
Following the 2021 Czech legislative election, Fiala replaced Babiš as Prime Minister, and appointed Mikuláš Bek as Minister for European Affairs to help coordinate the presidency, along with Minister of Foreign Affairs Jan Lipavský. On 9 June 2022 the slogan of the presidency was announced as "Europe as a task: rethink, rebuild, repower." The Czech Presidency started on 1 July 2022 with an opening ceremony in Litomyšl.
# Ulysses S. Grant (film)

Ulysses S. Grant is a 2002 two-part television documentary film about Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th President of the United States. Produced by PBS for the American Experience documentary program, it recounts Grant's life from his childhood in Ohio to his presidency, with narration by Liev Schreiber. The film was released in two parts on May 5 and 6, 2002, with part one (titled "Warrior") written, produced, and directed by Adriana Bosch, and part two (titled "President") written, produced, and directed by Elizabeth Deane.

## Interviewees

* David Bradley, writer
* Max Byrd, novelist
* Dan T. Carter, historian
* Mark Grimsley, historian
* William S. McFeely, biographer
* James M. McPherson, historian
* Donald L. Miller, historian
* Geoffrey Perret, biographer
* John Y. Simon, historian
* Brooks D. Simpson, historian
* Joan Waugh, historian

## Critical response

For the rebroadcast of Ulysses S. Grant: Warrior in 2011, Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times deemed it better than the more recent American Experience film Robert E. Lee, about the titular Confederate general during the American Civil War. Genzlinger reasoned that Grant was a more interesting figure than Lee, and that Ulysses S. Grant's light use of reenactments made it a more engaging film than Robert E. Lee, which has none.

## Home media

Ulysses S. Grant was first released on VHS by PBS on August 27, 2002. PBS would release the film on DVD by February 15, 2005. Though it is part of The Presidents collection of American Experience, it is not included in the collection's DVD box set released in August 2008.
# John Barker (priest)

John Kidman Stuart Ridley Barker (1912–1992) was Dean of Cloyne from 1973 until 1984.
He was educated at Durham University and Lichfield Theological College; and ordained in 1936. After curacies at Stockton-on-Tees, Barnard Castle and Castleside he held incumbencies at Cornforth, Warter and Over Whitacre until his appointment as Dean.
# 2019 Croatian Football Cup final

The 2019 Croatian Cup final between Dinamo Zagreb and Rijeka was played on 22 May 2019 in Pula.

## Road to the final

| Dinamo Zagreb | Dinamo Zagreb | Round | Rijeka | Rijeka |
| Opponent | Result | | Opponent | Result |
| bye | bye | Preliminary round | bye | bye |
| Sloga Mravince | 1–0 | First round | Križevci | 9–0 |
| Zelina | 4−0 | Second round | Varaždin | 2–1 |
| Slaven Belupo | 1–0 | Quarterfinals | Lokomotiva | 2–1 |
| Osijek | 2–0 | Semifinals | Inter Zaprešić | 2–1 |

## Match details

| Dinamo Zagreb | Rijeka |
DINAMO ZAGREB: :
| GK | 40 | Dominik Livaković |
| MF | 5 | Arijan Ademi (c) |
| MF | 7 | Dani Olmo | 74' |
| DF | 13 | Amir Rrahmani | | 46' |
| MF | 20 | Iyayi Atiemwen | | 46' |
| FW | 21 | Bruno Petković |
| DF | 28 | Kévin Théophile-Catherine | 53' | 78' |
| DF | 30 | Petar Stojanović |
| MF | 34 | Ivan Šunjić |
| DF | 66 | Emir Dilaver |
| MF | 99 | Mislav Oršić |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 1 | Danijel Zagorac |
| MF | 8 | Izet Hajrović | | 78' |
| FW | 11 | Mario Gavranović | 86' | 46' |
| DF | 22 | Marin Leovac | | 46' |
| MF | 27 | Nikola Moro |
| DF | 55 | Dino Perić |
| MF | 92 | Damian Kądzior |
| Manager: |||
| Nenad Bjelica |||
RIJEKA: :
| GK | 12 | Simon Sluga |
| DF | 4 | Roberto Punčec |
| MF | 6 | Ivan Lepinjica | | 75' |
| MF | 7 | Zoran Kvržić (c) |
| MF | 8 | Tibor Halilović | | 80' |
| DF | 13 | Dario Župarić |
| FW | 17 | Antonio Čolak | 27' | 83' |
| MF | 24 | Domagoj Pavičić |
| DF | 26 | João Escoval |
| DF | 27 | Ivan Tomečak |
| MF | 31 | Luka Capan | 23' |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 32 | Andrej Prskalo |
| DF | 3 | Petar Mamić |
| MF | 14 | Boadu Maxwell Acosty |
| FW | 18 | Robert Murić |
| FW | 20 | Alexander Gorgon | | 80' |
| FW | 21 | Jakov Puljić | | 83' |
| MF | 44 | Stjepan Lončar | | 75' |
| Manager: |||
| Igor Bišćan |||
| Assistant referees: Tomislav Petrović (Valpovo) Miro Grgić (Osijek) Fourth official: Goran Pataki (Đakovo) Additional assistant referees: Igor Pajač (Sveti Ivan Zelina) Marko Matoc (Zaprešić) | Match rules 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra-time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. Seven named substitutes. Maximum of three substitutions. |
# Mathew Nellikunnel

Mar Mathew Nellikunnel is an Indian-born bishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church serving as the Eparch of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Gorakhpur succeeding Mar Thomas Thuruthimattam.

## Biography
### Early life

Mathew Nellikunnel was born on November 13, 1970, in the village of Mariapuram in the Indian state of Kerala as the first born of Varkey and Mary Nellikunnel. His brother John is the Bishop of Eparchy of Idukki, making history as the first set of brothers to serve together in the Synod of Bishops.

### Eparch

On August 26, 2023, Pope Francis announced his assent to the Election of Msgr Matthew Nellikunnel to the office of Bishop of Goakhpur by the Syro Malabar Synod of Bishops to succeed the retiring Mar Thomas Thuruthimattam He was ordained on November 5, 2023, at St. Joseph's School, Khorabar, Gorakhpur, in the state of Uttar Pradesh, by Major Archbishop of the Syro Malabar George Alencherry, in the presence of Agra Bishop Raphy Manjaly and Gorakhpur Emeritus Bishop Mar Thomas Thuruthimattam.
# Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express

The 22454 / 22453 Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express is a Superfast Express train of the Rajya Rani Express series belonging to Indian Railways – North Central Railway zone that runs between Meerut City and Lucknow NE in India.
It operates as train number 22454 from Meerut to Lucknow NE and as train number 22453 in the reverse direction serving the state of Uttar Pradesh.
It is part of the Rajya Rani Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Ms. Mamata Banerjee in the 2011/12 Rail Budget .

## Coaches

The 22454 / 53 Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express has 1 AC Two Tier, 2 AC 3 Tier, 2 AC Chair Car, 7 Second Class seating, 2 General Unreserved and 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) coaches. It does not carry a pantry car.
As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

### Rake sharing

The 22454 / 53 Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express shares its rake with 11109 / 10 Jhansi–Lucknow Intercity Express.

## Service

The 22454 Meerut City Lucknow Rajya Rani Express covers the distance of 459 km (285 mi) in 8 hours 05 mins (56.78 km/h) and in 7 hours 50 mins as 22453 Lucknow Meerut City Rajya Rani Express (58.60 km/h).
As the average speed of the train is above 55 km/h (34 mph), as per Indian Railways rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

## Routeing

The 22454/22453 Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express runs from Meerut City Junction via Hapur Junction, Amroha, Moradabad Junction, Rampur Junction, Bareilly Junction, Shahjahanpur, Hardoi to Lucknow Junction.

## Traction

As the route is now fully doubled and electrified, a Kanpur / Jhansi-based WAP-4 hauls the train for its entire journey.

## Operation

* 22454 Meerut City–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express runs from Meerut City on a daily basis arriving at Lucknow NE the same day..
* 22453 Lucknow–Meerut City Rajya Rani Express runs from Lucknow NE on a daily basis arriving in Meerut the same day.

## Accidents
### 2017

Eight coaches of the Meerut–Lucknow Rajya Rani Express derailed at 8:15 AM on 15 April 2017, between Rampur and Mundapanda near a bridge over the Koshi river. A total of 13 passengers were injured. Three of the derailed coaches overturned while seven went off the tracks. Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu ordered an inquiry into the cause of accident. He also announced a compensation of ₹50,000 for the passengers injured in the derailment. A compensation of ₹50,000 and ₹25,000 for passengers with serious and minor injuries respectively was announced by UP Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath.
# Veleropilina euglypta

Veleropilina euglypta is a species of monoplacophoran, a superficially limpet-like marine mollusc. It is found in the Mid-Atlantic, off the Azores archipelago.
# 2017 Heilbronner Neckarcup

The 2017 Heilbronner Neckarcup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Heilbronn, Germany between 15 and 21 May 2017.

## Point distribution

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Q | Q2 |
| Singles | 90 | 55 | 33 | 17 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Doubles | 90 | 55 | 33 | 17 | 0 | — | — | — |

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| ARG | Nicolás Kicker | 92 | 1 |
| RUS | Evgeny Donskoy | 94 | 2 |
| CZE | Adam Pavlásek | 95 | 3 |
| SVK | Norbert Gombos | 103 | 4 |
| SUI | Henri Laaksonen | 105 | 5 |
| ARG | Guido Pella | 109 | 6 |
| SVK | Andrej Martin | 112 | 7 |
| NOR | Casper Ruud | 119 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of May 8, 2017.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Daniel Altmaier
* Daniel Brands
* Marsel İlhan
* Yannick Maden
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Sam Groth
* Dominik Köpfer
* Filip Krajinović
* Cedrik-Marcel Stebe

## Champions
### Singles

* Filip Krajinović def. Norbert Gombos 6–3, 6–2.

### Doubles

* Roman Jebavý / Antonio Šančić def. Adil Shamasdin / Igor Zelenay 6–4, 6–1.