OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Newman Arms

The Newman Arms is a public house and restaurant at 23 Rathbone Street, Fitzrovia, London, W1. The pub dates back to 1730, and was once a brothel.
The Newman Arms appears in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four where it was the model for the "Proles" pub. It featured again in his Keep the Aspidistra Flying, and in Michael Powell's film Peeping Tom.
In 2012, the pub held a mediation meeting with Westminster City Council to address customer congestion on the pavement outside. The landlady's joke suggestion to serve drinks more slowly was taken at face value by the council, who agreed that serving staff should ensure that each transaction was complete before starting a new one, as part of an agreement to the pub retaining its licence.
In 2017 the pub closed, and it was reopened by Truman's Brewery in 2018, the first pub that Truman's had opened since being re-founded in 2010. The menu reflects the food offering of previous landlord, Tracey Bird, with a focus on pies.
The building has an unofficial blue plaque in honour of the former landlord: "Joe Jenkins, ex-proprietor, poet, bon viveur and Old Git, regularly swore at everybody on these premises". A prostitute in historical costume is painted onto a bricked-over upstairs window in reference to the building's history as a brothel.
# Coherent ring

In mathematics, a (left) coherent ring is a ring in which every finitely generated left ideal is finitely presented.
Many theorems about finitely generated modules over Noetherian rings can be extended to finitely presented modules over coherent rings.
Every left Noetherian ring is left coherent. The ring of polynomials in an infinite number of variables over a left Noetherian ring is an example of a left coherent ring that is not left Noetherian.
A ring is left coherent if and only if every direct product of flat right modules is flat (Chase 1960), (Anderson & Fuller 1992, p. 229). Compare this to: A ring is left Noetherian if and only if every direct sum of injective left modules is injective.
# VOC BioTreat

VOC BioTreat™ is a U.S. patent pending technology for Ramboll Environ.
This technology allows for the removal and chemical degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by piping them into a deep-tank aerated activated sludge wastewater treatment plant, which meets U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards for VOC and hazardous air pollutant removal and can be used for existing pollution remediation infrastructure at refineries, chemical companies, pharmaceutical manufacturers and others.

## EPA goals

The EPA regulates VOCs mainly because of their ability to create photochemical smog and regards reducing the concentration of VOC as an important to health and environmental goal.

## Technological approach

VOC BioTreat pipes biodegradable airborne VOCs into the biotreatment plant treating waterborne VOCs. This eliminates the need for a separate approach to address airborne emissions by using activated carbon filters and burning the resulting waste.
The work in developing the protocols and resulting solutions on VOC BioTreat was led by Dr. Carl Adams, Ramboll Environ's Global Practice Leader for Industrial Waste Management. Adams holds three patents involving advanced industrial wastewater treatment technology. He has worked with over 90 refineries in North America and around the world. He is recognized by the EPA as an expert in the development of cost-effective volatile organic compounds (VOC) control technologies, especially for refineries and petrochemical plants.

## Awards and honors

Following the use of VOC BioTreat at the Marathon Petroleum Company’s refinery in Garyville, Louisiana, ENVIRON, whose operations preceded Ramboll Environ, received the 2011 Grand Prize in Research from the American Academy of Environmental Engineers and Scientists. The Academy said, “Refineries and chemical industries with a current activated sludge system that meet certain criteria would be strong candidates for ENVIRON’s new VOC BioTreat approach,” while also noting that the technology “greatly reduces capital investment” and “long-term operational costs.”
In September 2011, VOC BioTreat was a semi-finalist for the Kirkpatrick Chemical Engineering Achievement Award. Chemical Engineering Magazine has awarded this biennial prize, continuously since 1933.
# John C. Carter (U.S. naval officer)

John C. Carter (c. 1805 – November 24, 1870) was a Virginia-born career U.S. Navy officer whose service during the Mexican-American War and later during the American Civil War ended with his retirement in 1870 at the rank of Commodore.

## Early and family life

Born in Virginia to the former Sarah Champe Stanard (1741–1814) and her husband (and distant cousin) Walker Carter (1772-d. after 1820 and before 1830), he could trace his ancestry to the First Families of Virginia. However, his grandfather Charles Carter (1732–1796), a patriot during the American Revolutionary War (and member of the House of Burgesses and the Virginia House of Delegates), dissipated the wealth inherited from his paternal grandfather Robert Carter I.
His father Walker Carter owned 9 slaves in Spotsylvania County in 1810 After serving in the War of 1812, he moved his family to Louisville in Jefferson County, Kentucky, where he prospered and owned two properties by 1820. At one of those, he owned no slaves, but his other location in the 1820 census shows him as owning 12 slaves (3 males and 9 females), and his family also included 8 white males between 16 and 26 and 14 white men between 26 and 45 (hence a likely manufacturing or steamboat operation). Although several brothers and sisters died as infants or without issue, his sister Virginia married David Smith Benedict of Louisville. Both his younger brothers who had children married women from Fredericksburg, and survived the Civil War and are buried in St. Louis, Missouri. Frank Carter (1813–1896) was a steamboat captain who transported mail, freight and passengers on the Ohio River and was buried in Louisville's historic Cave Hill Cemetery like his father. The children of Capt. Walker Randolph Carter Jr. {1807–1889) included CSA Major Frank Carter (b.1838) who enlisted as a student at the University of Virginia, survived the conflict, and after the war became a respected St. Louis businessman, and was buried like his father in historic Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis.
Commander Carter married Elizabeth S. Phelps and they had a son, Charles Edward Carter and Rebecca (who married U.S. Army Col. Crawford).

## Career

Carter received a naval appointment as a Kentucky resident on March 1, 1825. As a midshipman he served on the sloop 'Lexington' in 1827, then on the frigate 'Delaware' in the Mediterranean squadron in 1829–30. He was commissioned as a lieutenant on February 9, 1837. During the Mexican-American War Carter served on the steamer 'Mississippi' of the home squadron. On September 14, 1855, he was promoted to the rank of Commander. In 1862, Commander Carter led the first iron-hulled steamer on the Great Lakes, the USS Michigan, which was the object of Confederate subversion, but its officers remained loyal to the Union.
Following the war, Carter commanded the receiving ship 'Vermont' and was based at San Francisco. On April 4, 1867, he was commissioned as a Commodore and placed on the retired list.

## Death and legacy

Commodore Carter died in Brooklyn, New York on November 24, 1870.
# Midnight Volcano

Midnight Volcano is believed to be a buried extinct volcano in southern Humphreys County, Mississippi. It is named after the nearby town of Midnight, Mississippi. During the time it was active, Midnight Volcano may have been a volcanic island in the Mississippi Embayment.
The volcanic activity in the area is associated with the Monroe Uplift, and igneous rocks in the region have been dated from 84 to 73 Ma. A well drilled in Humphreys County found around 600 m (2000 ft) of volcanic rock, starting 1110 m (3641 ft) below the surface at the shallowest. The most recent measured volcanic rock was dated to 66 Ma, while older (and deeper) samples were dated at 81 and 94 Ma.
These most recent deposits roughly coincide with the activity of Jackson Volcano, another buried volcano southeast of Midnight
Volcanic debris from this volcanism was also found in the "Coffee sands", a Cretaceous sand layer to the north.
# Michael Dickson (skier)

Michael Dickson (born 3 September 1975) is an Australian alpine skier. He competed in the men's slalom at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Artistic gymnastics at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games

The artistic gymnastics competition of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games was held in Cartagena, Colombia, from 15–30 July 2006.

## Medal summary
### Men's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual All-Around | Luis Vargas (PUR) | Luis Rivera (PUR) | Jorge Giraldo (COL) |
| Floor | Alexander Rodríguez (PUR) | Luis Rivera (PUR) | Daniel Corral (MEX) |
| Vault | Luis Rivera (PUR) | Fernando Fuentes (VEN) | Alexander Rodríguez (PUR) |
| Parallel bars | Jorge Giraldo (COL) | José Fuentes (VEN) | Luis Vargas (PUR) |
| Pommel horse | Luis Rivera (PUR) Luis Vargas (PUR) | | Jorge Giraldo (COL) |
| Rings | Regulo Carmona (VEN) | Luis Rivera (PUR) | Tommy Ramos (PUR) |
| Horizontal bar | Jorge Giraldo (COL) | Alexander Rodríguez (PUR) José Fuentes (VEN) | |
| Team | Puerto Rico Reinaldo Oquendo Tommy Ramos Ángel Ramos Luis Rivera Alexander Rodríguez Luis Vargas | Mexico Manuel Alemán Daniel Corral Santiago López Miguel Monreal Joaquin Ramírez Luis Sosa | Cuba Irving Arroyo Abel Driggs Gerardo Medina Fidel Silot Jorge Soria Reinier Villardi |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual All-Around (details) | Elsa García (MEX) | Marisela Cantu (MEX) | Yessenia Estrada (MEX) |
| Floor (details) | Elsa García (MEX) | Sidney Sanabria (PUR) | Maciel Peña (VEN) |
| Vault (details) | Yeni Ibarra (MEX) | Eddylin Zabaleta (VEN) | Elsa García (MEX) |
| Uneven bars (details) | Elsa García (MEX) | Yessenia Estrada (MEX) | Johanny Sotillo (VEN) |
| Beam (details) | Marisela Cantu (MEX) | Nathalia Sánchez (COL) | Ivet Rojas (VEN) |
| Team (details) | Mexico Marisela Cantu Daniela De León Yessenia Estrada Elsa García Yeni Ibarra Laura Moreno | Cuba Jennifer Alique Virgen Cusa Dunas Lamas Yaidelin Rojas Jahara Sese Madelen Tamayo | Venezuela Fanny Briceño Maciel Peña Ivet Rojas Johanny Sotillo Eddylin Zabaleta |
# Megachile simillima

Megachile simillima is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Smith in 1853.
# Alfrēds Krauklis

Alfrēds Krauklis (8 December 1911, Jumprava – 20 November 1991, Riga) was a former Latvian basketball player and coach, one of the leaders of the Latvian national basketball team in the 1930s, and winner of the silver medal in FIBA EuroBasket 1939. Once he stopped playing, he became a coach and sports event organizer.

## Player

Krauklis played in 28 games as the captain of the Latvian national team that won a silver medal in FIBA EuroBasket 1939 (in Kaunas, Lithuania). After World War II and the start of the second Soviet occupation of Latvia he played on the team of the Latvian SSR (1945–1949). Beginning from 1940, he worked as a player-coach. As a member of BK Rīga Starts (1933, 1938, 1943, 1944) and BK Daugava (1945–1948), he became the champion of Latvia 8 times.
In a 1990s interview, Krauklis said: "Frankly saying – these three Baltic states raised the European basketball. Now they say that its Spanish, and so what? Let them say... And I say – it's our merit!".

## Coach

From 1949 to 1958 Krauklis organized and managed BK Rīga "Spartaks" (in 1953 for a short period of time he was managing BK Rīga ASK). In 1958 on the basis of team BK Rīga Spartaks he formed the professional team BK VEF Rīga, with which he was connected until 1975. As the head coach of BK VEF Rīga, he won bronze medals in the USSR Championship in 1960. He coached the Latvian SSR team (20 games) and won medals at the Spartakiades of Peoples of the USSR. He was received the honor of Meritorious Coach of the USSR.
He also worked in Latvian youth basketball for 25 years, coaching the VEF Rīga junior team and a youth sports school. The sports school was later named after him. It annually holds an international basketball tournament for youth, the Alfrēds Krauklis Memorial Tournament in Riga.
# Coherent potential approximation

The coherent potential approximation (CPA) is a method, in theoretical physics, of finding the averaged Green's function of an inhomogeneous (or disordered) system. The Green's function obtained via the CPA then describes an effective medium whose scattering properties represent the averaged scattering properties of the disordered system being approximated. It is often described as the 'best' single-site theory for obtaining the averaged Green's function. It is perhaps most famous for its use in describing the physical properties of alloys and disordered magnetic systems, although it is also a useful concept in understanding how sound waves scatter in a material which displays spatial inhomogeneity. The coherent potential approximation was first described by Paul Soven, and its application in the context of calculations of the electronic structure of materials was pioneered by Balász Győrffy.

## Electronic Structure (KKR-CPA)

In the context of calculations of the electronic structure of materials, the coherent potential approximation is frequently combined with the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) formulation of density functional theory (DFT) to describe the electronic structure of systems with lattice-based disorder, such as substitutional alloys and magnetic materials at finite temperature. The KKR formulation of DFT is also sometimes referred to as multiple scattering theory (MST). When the KKR formulation of DFT is combined with the CPA, it is sometimes referred to as the KKR-CPA.
The KKR formulation of DFT rephrases the usual eigenvalue-eigenvector problem (i.e. solving some effective Schrödinger equation) into an electronic scattering problem. It does so by partitioning the one-electron potential of DFT into a collection of spatially-localised potentials around each ionic site, before considering an electron propagating through the system and scattering from these localised potentials. In this manner, the Green's function of the system is obtained. In a system where there is lattice-based disorder (for example, in a substitutional alloy) the CPA provides a means by which to average multiple potentials associated with a single lattice site and obtain an average Green's function (and consequent electron density) in a physically meaningful way. Although the approach was originally formulated for potentials described within either the muffin tin or atomic sphere approximations (where the spatially localised potential is assumed spherically symmetric) it is now commonplace to use so-called full-potential calculations, where the one-electron potential can have arbitrary spatial dependence.
The KKR-CPA has been used with success to study the physics of a variety of alloy systems, including those where disorder is only present on one sub-lattice (the 'inhomogeneous' CPA). In addition, it has been shown that the CPA can very effectively describe magnetism at finite temperature, by considering (weighted) averages taken over all possible spin orientations. This is referred to as the 'disordered local moment' (DLM) picture and can be used to describe the ferromagnetic phase transition in metals.
# Union Church, Alabama

Union Church is an unincorporated community located in Mobile County, Alabama, United States.
# Tzvi Hersh Friedlander

As of 13May2011, Rabbi Tzvi Hersh Friedlander is the current Liske Hasidic rebbe. He is the brother of the Uhniv (Hivniv) rebbe, author of Chasdei Avraham, a work on visiting the sick in Halacha. His father was Rav Yosef Friedlander, the author of the Tzvi V’Chammid on Torah and the Jewish holidays and a great-grandchild of the Ach Pri Tevuah of Liska. He is the author of the Chamudei Tzvi. He became rebbe in 1971, after the death of his father.
Rabbi Friedlander is also a descendant of Maharsha, as well as Rabbis Judah Loew ben Bezalel, David HaLevi Segal, Joel Sirkis, Isaiah Horowitz, and Naphtali Cohen.
Photos of Rabbi Friedlander are often published in the Jewish Connection, a weekly newspaper serving the Orthodox Jews of New York.
# Michael Dilley

Michael Dilley can refer to:
* Michael Dilley (English cricketer) (1939–2023), English cricketer
* Michael Dilley (South African cricketer) (born 1970), South African cricketer
# Vancouver WCT

The Vancouver WCT, also known by its sponsored name Rothmans Vancouver International, was a men's tennis tournament held at the PNE Agrodome in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from 1970 to 1973. The event was part of the WCT Tour and was played in indoor carpet courts. The tournament was cancelled in July 1973 due to diminishing interest and decreasing attendance.

## Finals
### Singles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 1970 | Rod Laver | Roy Emerson | 6–2, 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1971 | Ken Rosewall | Tom Okker | 6–2, 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1972 | John Newcombe | Marty Riessen | 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 7–6$^{(14–12)}$, 7–5 |
| 1973 | Tom Gorman | Jan Kodeš | 3–6, 6–2, 7–5 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 1970 | Roy Emerson Rod Laver | Pierre Barthès Nikola Pilić | 6–1, 6–4, 6–3 |
| 1971 | Roy Emerson Rod Laver | John Alexander Phil Dent | 5–7, 6–7, 6–0, 7–5, 7–6 |
| 1972 | John Newcombe Fred Stolle | Cliff Drysdale Allan Stone | 7–6, 6–0 |
| 1973 | Pierre Barthès Roger Taylor | Tom Gorman Erik van Dillen | 5–7, 6–3, 7–6 |
# Megachile silvestris

Megachile silvestris is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Rayment in 1951.
# Jacks Mountain

Jacks Mountain is a stratigraphic ridge which is located in central Pennsylvania, United States, trending southeast of the Stone Mountain ridge and Jacks Mountain Anticline. The ridge line separates Kishacoquillas Valley from the Ferguson and Dry Valleys.
Jacks Mountain lies in Mifflin, Huntingdon, Snyder, and Union Counties, and the ridge line forms part of the border between Huntingdon and Mifflin Counties.

## History

This mountain was named for Jack Armstrong, an eighteenth-century fur trader. During the autumn of 1743, Armstrong confiscated the horse of Mushemeelin, a Delaware Indian from Shamokin who was in debt to Armstrong. Mushemeelin and two Delaware companions tracked Armstrong to the Juniata River narrows and, in 1744, killed the trader and his two servants. The site was thereafter known as "Jack's Narrows".
U.S. Route 22 (US 22), the William Penn Highway, and the former Pennsylvania Main Line, now the Norfolk Southern Railway's Pittsburgh Line, follow the Juniata River through the Jacks Narrows water gap between Mapleton and Mount Union. U.S. Route 322 and the former Milroy Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad pass through the Mann Narrows Water Gap along the Kishacoquillas Creek near Reedsville.

## Geology

Just below the ridge crest lies the contact between the older Ordovician Juniata Formation on the northwest slope, and the younger more erosion resistant Silurian Tuscarora Formation geologic layer forming the steeper southeast slope and the crest. The Bald Eagle Formation crops out on the Kishacoquillas Valley-facing slopes of Jacks Mountain, forming a steep topographic bench below the Juniata Formation. Below the Bald Eagle Formation, the uppermost sandstone layer of the underlying Reedsville Formation contains brachiopods and other marine fossils. The Reedsville forms the less steep lower slope that becomes shallower toward the base of the ridge. Across the Kishacoquillas Valley, on the opposite side of the Jacks Mountain anticline, the same rock layers are repeated in reverse order on the Stone Mountain ridge.
# Vitelmo (bishop of Turin)

Vitelmo of Turin or William of Turin (also Guglielmo) (died 1092) was an Italian bishop. He was bishop of Turin from c.1082 until his death in 1092.

## Biography

Vitelmo may have been the son of Vitelmo-Bruno of the Baratonia, a powerful viscount in Turin. Vitelmo was appointed bishop of Turin by Henry IV. According to the contemporary chronicler, William of Chiusa, Vitelmo paid a large sum of money in return for his office.
Like many of his predecessors, Vitelmo made donations to the monastery of Santa Maria in Cavour, which had been founded by Bishop Landulf of Turin.
Vitelmo also continued the conflict with Abbot Benedict II (r.c.1066-1091) of the monastery of San Michele della Chiusa, which had begun under Bishop Cunibert of Turin.
# Miraflores Airport, Darién

Miraflores Airport (ICAO: MPMF) is an airport serving La Palma, a port town and the capital of the Darién Province of Panama. The airport is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of La Palma, and replaces the closed Captain Ramon Xatruch Airport.
The La Palma VOR (Ident: PML) is 4.1 nautical miles (7.6 km) north of the airport. There is rising terrain to the west.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Panama | Panama City–Albrook |
# Collected Stele Biographies

Collected Stele Biographies (Chinese: 碑传集; pinyin: Bēizhuàn Jí) is a biographical book of the Qing dynasty, by Qian Yiji [zh]. It is compiled from the contents of steles covering almost 200 years, from the early Qing dynasty to the Jiaqing era. It details over 2000 people in 25 categories and comprises 160 volumes. It was started in the early years of the Daoguang Emperor and published in 1893 (the nineteenth year of the reign of the Guangxu Emperor).
In the early years of Guangxu, the 86-volume Continued Collected Stele Biographies (Chinese: 续碑传集; pinyin: Xù Bēizhuàn Jí) was compiled by Miao Quansun, with 1111 additional figures collected from the reigns of the Daoguang Emperor to that of the Guangxu Emperor. It was published in 1910 (the second year of the Xuantong Emperor).
Min Erchang [zh] later compiled the Supplementary Collected Stele Biographies (Chinese: 碑传集补; pinyin: Bēizhuàn Jíbǔ) in 60 volumes, containing records of more than 700 people. It was completed in 1923 and published by Yanjing University in 1932.
# Party Songs (Laibach album)

Party Songs is an EP by Neue Slowenische Kunst industrial/avant-garde group Laibach. It contains three versions of the song "Honourable, Dead or Alive, When Following the Revolutionary Road", as well as two versions of North Korean pop song "We Will Go To Mount Paektu" and a live recording of all-Korean folk song "Arirang" . The songs are a collaboration with Boris Benko from Slovenian electronic band Silence.
The song "Honourable, Dead or Alive, When Following the Revolutionary Road" is a re-interpretation of an aria from the Korean revolutionary opera Tell O' The Forest!, one of five famous revolutionary operas in the DPRK, "written and produced under the guidance of the Dear Leader Kim Jong-il." It was "prepared for the 2015 Liberation Day concert in Ponghwa Theatre in Pyongyang, but deemed too 'confusing' by the North Korean hosts and struck from the concert repertoire."

## Track listing

* Honourable, Dead or Alive, When Following the Revolutionary Road (Arduous March Version) – 4:06
* Honourable, Dead or Alive, When Following the Revolutionary Road (Single Hearted Unity Version) – 3:19
* We Will Go To Mount Paektu – 3:38
* Arirang (Live at Kum Song Music School, Pyongyang) – 2:26
* Honourable, Dead or Alive, When Following the Revolutionary Road (Live at Kum Song Music School, Pyongyang) – 2:24
* We Will Go To Mount Paektu (Live at Ponghwa Theatre, Pyongyang) - 3:33
# McKean

McKean may refer to:

## Places

* McKean, Pennsylvania
* McKean County, Pennsylvania
* McKean Island, island in the Phoenix Islands, Republic of Kiribati
* McKean Township (disambiguation)

## Other uses

* McKean (surname), people with the surname McKean
* USS McKean, two historical US Naval ships
# Megachile sikorae

Megachile sikorae is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Friese in 1900.