OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maps and Politics: A Review of the Ethnographic Cartography of Macedonia

Maps and Politics: A Review of the Ethnographic Cartography of Macedonia is a book written by British academic Henry Robert Wilkinson and published in 1951 by the University of Liverpool Press. It is a detailed study of 216 ethnographic maps of the region of Macedonia dating from 1730 until 1949. The book deals with the politicisation of Macedonia's geography during the era of nationalism. It explores the development of theories based on ethnography and claims made on a national basis in relation to the region. The study looks at ethnographers and their classification and distribution of local peoples in maps, their historical context, the criteria used for compiling maps and their quality, the role that either personal views or geopolitical considerations played in favouring one group over another, and knowledge (or lack thereof) of the region.

## Reception in scholarship

In a book review published in the American Slavic and East European Review, Philip E. Mosely (1952) said that Wilkinson "performed a notable service in assembling and subjecting to painstaking analysis the numerous cartographic studies" regarding Macedonia. Mosely wrote that the study "shows convincingly the complexities and uncertainties which beset even the most conscientious scholar, as well as the temptations which beckon to the politician." Another book review published in The Geographical Journal, J. C. S. (1953) stated that it was "a well produced monograph on the ethnographic maps of Macedonia" and a "valuable addition" to "studies in Geography".
John Brian Harley (1988) wrote that Wilkinson's study was "an excellent discussion" that looked at the "difficulty" of "representation" in cartography related to "cultural or technical causes". Loring M. Danforth (1997) stated that Wilkinson's study of the Macedonian Question "examined in detail" the significant role cartography played during its early stages. Kyril Drezov (1999) described the cartographic study as a "painstaking analysis" and that Wilkinson's book is "indispensable reading for everyone who wants to orient himself in the web of mutually exclusive claims about Macedonia". Leften Stavros Stavrianos (2000) regards Wilkinson's work as "a good introduction to the Macedonian question" and a "valuable study". Dimitris Livanios (2008) considers the study by Wilkinson as a "rich collection" of content that covers "an interesting aspect" of the "paper warfare" and functionality of ethnological cartography regarding the region.
# Mardan Museum

Mardan Museum is located in the Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The museum was first established in 1991 in a Town Hall with a single hall with 22 show cases displaying more than 90 Gandhara's sculptures by the supervision of Sahibzada Riaz Noor (then Commissioner of Mardan Division). Later in 2006 a portion of land provided by the Mardan District Government on the request of Provincial Government and build three Galleries which was inaugurated by a former Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Ameer Haider Khan Hoti in 2009.

## Gandhara Gallery

The Gandhara Gallery consist of Gandharan sculptures. Most of these sculptures came from the sites of Takht-i-Bahi, Jamal Garhi and Seri Bahlol. These are the Previous birth (Jataka tales) of Buddha, life scenes of Buddha, Palace scenes, Individual images of Buddha and Bodhisattva, Bejeweled heads of Bodhisattva, stucco heads of Buddha and Architectural elements.

## Ethnological Gallery

The profile of the ethnic region represented by Ethnological Gallery. The gallery include the household objects, traditional jewelry, weapons, wooden and leather stools and boxes embroidery works, musical instruments and many others.

## Islamic Gallery

The manuscripts of 8th to 13th century Hijri exhibited in the Islamic Gallery. The gallery include the beautiful calligraphic specimens of Quran, poetry and religious texts written mostly in the Arabic language and Persian where the dominant calligraphic styles are Naskh (script) and Nastaʿlīq script.

## Takht-i-Bahi

Takht-i-Bahi site is located in the Mardan District. This is one of the most well-known, preserved and monastic complex, and the Gandhara site that is on the World Heritage List. The complex consists of the main stupa (having a typical Gandharan style an elongated dome with square plinth and surrounded on three sides by chapels), monastery complex (having a central water tank, surrounded by small rooms on all sides), votive stupas, and the lower cells (used by the monks for the meditation purposes). This site was first reported by a French officer in the court (General Court) of Ranjit Singh in 1836. The Gandhara pieces recovered from Takht-i-Bahi and Seri Bahlol Most of them were placed in the Peshawar Museum.
# Moltke I cabinet

The Moltke I cabinet was the government of Denmark from 22 March 1848 to 15 November 1848. It was also referred to as the March Cabinet.
In March 1848, Copenhagen was full of rumours that Schleswig and Holstein had rebelled against Denmark, and the National Liberals took advantage of the situation by arranging protest demonstrations against King Frederick VII and his politics. On 21 March, King Frederick responded by dismissing his ministers and asking Carl Emil Bardenfleth to form a new government. Bardenfleth failed to reach a compromise with the National Liberals, however, and so did Peter Georg Bang whom the king had asked to take his place. On the morning of 22 March the king begged Adam Wilhelm Moltke, the leader of the previous cabinet, to lead a government of responsible ministers, effectively ending the absolute monarchy. Moltke quickly managed to put a government together, the Cabinet of Moltke I.
It was replaced by the Cabinet of Moltke II on 15 November 1848.

## List of ministers and portfolios

Some of the terms in the table end after 15 November 1848 because the minister was in the Cabinet of Moltke II as well.
| Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Prime Minister & Minister for Finance | Adam Wilhelm Moltke | 22 March 1848 | 15 November 1848 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Frederik Marcus Knuth | 22 March 1848 | 15 November 1848 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister for Trade | Christian Albrecht Bluhme | 22 March 1848 | 15 November 1848 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister of Justice | Carl Emil Bardenfleth | 22 March 1848 | 13 July 1851 | Nonpartisan |
| Kultus Minister | Ditlev Gothard Monrad | 22 March 1848 | 13 July 1851 | National Liberal |
| Minister of War | Anton Frederik Tscherning | 22 March 1848 | 15 November 1848 | Bondevennerne |
| Minister of the Navy | Adam Wilhelm Moltke | 22 March 1848 | 6 April 1848 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister of the Navy | Christian Christopher Zarthmann | 6 April 1848 | 10 August 1850 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister for the Duchies | Carl Scheel-Plessen | 22 March 1848 | 23 March 1848 | Nonpartisan |
| Minister without portfolio | Orla Lehmann | 22 March 1848 | 15 November 1848 | National Liberal |
| Minister without portfolio | Lauritz Nicolai Hvidt | 22 March 1848 | 1 November 1848 | National Liberal |
| Preceded by— | Cabinet of Denmark 22 March 1848 – 15 November 1848 | Succeeded byCabinet of Moltke II |
# Nedderton

Nedderton is a village in Northumberland, England about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Morpeth, just off the A192 road.

## History

In the early part of the nineteenth century Nedderton village was described as containing ten houses, a few cottages and a colliery. A Church of England school was built in 1846, funded by the Earl of Carlisle, though it seems many of the children preferred to attend Bedlington or Scotland Gate where the schools were non-denominational. The village also had both Primitive and Wesleyan Methodist chapels.

## Geography

The soil in this area consists of clay with a subsoil of freestone. Chief among crops produced at the beginning of the twentieth century were wheat, oats, turnip and potatoes.

## Economy

Nedderton Colliery was one of the oldest in the Bedlington area; it was sunk in 1818. The Howard West Hartley Coal Company leased the royalty from the Earl of Carlisle. Production increased through the nineteenth century, with around 280 to 300 hewers working and an output of 680 to 700 tons a day. By 1877 however it was no longer viable and the colliery closed. The site was taken over and again a pit was sunk, with coal being drawn by 1888. Nedderton Hall Pit was the last pit to be opened in Bedlingtonshire. It was first owned by a Mr. Wood, but by 1901 had been taken on by the Nedderton Coal Company. The pit was worked until 1943. It was closed during World War II by the Coal Commission, who could not justify the manpower used to keep it running during the war.
# Montreuil-Poulay

Montreuil-Poulay (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France.
# Ophiolechia pertinens

Ophiolechia pertinens is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1931. It is found in Paraguay.
# Chudachandra

Chudachandra, also known as Chadrachuda or simply Chuda, was the founder of the Chudasama dynasty of Saurashtra (now in Gujarat, India).

## Founder of the Chudasama dynasty

According to bardic tales and limited historical records, after the fall of Vallabhi ruled by Maitrakas, the Chavda Governor of Vamansthali (now Vanthli) near Junagadh became independent. His descendants ruled till the later part of 9th century till the ruler Vala Ram.
The bardic accounts are unanimous in ascribing the origin of the Chudasama to Chudachandra, a Rajput of the Samma tribe then ruling at Nagar-Samai or Saminagar (now Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan); and they also agree that before his arrival in the peninsula, Vala Ram was the ruler of Vamanasthali (now Vanthali). Some say that Vala had no son, but that his sister had married the father of Chudachandra, and that the Vala Ram kept his nephew Chudachandra at Vamanasthali, and finally appointed him his successor. Others say that Vala Ram had a son, but that he quarreled with Chudachandra, and that rather than that this son should have Vamanasthali, Vala Ram expelled him from the country. All agree that Chudachandra succeeded him. There are very few bardic verses regarding Chudachandra, but he is mentioned in the Dhandhusar inscription (VS 1445/1389 CE), and there is a play on his name, viz. that as Chandrachuda (Shiva) placed the moon (Chandra) on his head (Chuda) so Chudachandra was considered by the kings of the neighbouring countries as Chudasaman or as their head; hence Chudasama, but no doubt the real derivation is Chuda from Chudachandra's name, and Sama from the name of his tribe. Chudachandra is called Rai Chuda in bardic poetry.
It is almost certain that Chudachandra reigned at Vamanathali, and that he founded the rule of the Chudasama dynasty in Saurashtra at the close of the ninth or the start of the tenth century or possibly a few years previously. According to bards and traditional dates, he succeeded around 875 CE. Chudachandra had a son named Hamira, but it is doubtful whether he succeeded his father, and it seems most probable that he died during his father's lifetime, and that Chudachandra was succeeded by his grandson Mularaja, the son of Hamira.
The historical accuracy of these bardic legends is doubtful.
# Julie Halpern

Julie Halpern is an American author of popular young adult novels. She is married to the children’s book author and illustrator Matthew Cordell, with whom she created the picture book Toby and the Snowflakes.
Halpern's teen novels focus on the challenges facing teens who are outsiders. Her debut novel Get Well Soon tells the story of a teenage girl in a mental institution, where she goes after suffering from depression. Her second novel, Into the Wild Nerd Yonder, is about a girl who struggles with high school social labels when she meets a new group of friends who play Dungeons & Dragons.

## Awards and honors

In 2007, Kirkus Reviews named Get Well Soon one of the best young adult novels of the year.
In 2012, Have a Nice Day was named one of the best young adult novels of the year by Kirkus Reviews and Bank Street College of Education.
Awards for Halpern's writing :
| Year | Title | Award | Result | Ref. |
| 2012 | Into the Wild Nerd Yonder | Popular Paperbacks for Young Adults | Selection | |
| 2013 | Have a Nice Day | ALA Best Fiction for Young Adults | Selection | |

## Publications

* Toby and the Snowflakes, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004
* Get Well Soon, Feiwel & Friends, 2007
* Into the Wild Nerd Yonder, Feiwel & Friends, 2009
* Don’t Stop Now, Feiwel & Friends, 2011
* Have a Nice Day, Feiwel & Friends, 2012
* The F- It List, Feiwel & Friends, 2013
* Maternity Leave, Thomas Dunne Books, 2015
* Meant to Be, Feiwel & Friends, 2017
* Girl on the Ferris Wheel (with Len Vlahos), Feiwel & Friends, 2021
# James Williams (priest, died 1872)

James Williams (baptized 26 July 1790 – 24 March 1872) was a Welsh cleric. Williams was the great-grandfather of famous Welsh artist Kyffin Williams.

## Life

James Williams was the son of John Williams, the rector of Llanddeusant church, St Caffo's Church, Llangaffo, and St Mary's Church, Llanfair-yng-Nghornwy (all parishes on the island of Anglesey, North Wales). John Williams was the younger brother of Thomas Williams, the Welsh copper industrialist. James Williams was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, matriculating in 1807, and obtaining his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1810. He was a Fellow of Jesus College from 1813 to 1822, and was awarded a Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1820. After being ordained, he was appointed curate of St Mary's Church, Llanfairpwllgwyngyll and St Gredifael's Church, Penmynydd (both on Anglesey) in 1814. He left these parishes in 1821 to succeed his father in his parish positions on his father's retirement. He became chancellor of Bangor Cathedral in 1851.
Williams helped to establish the Anglesey Association of the Preservation of Lives from Shipwreck, in the wake of a storm that caused a boat to sink with 140 deaths. The association later became part of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. The 19th-century antiquarian Angharad Llwyd, who wrote a history of Anglesey at a time when Williams was at St Mary’s, noted that "this benevolent gentleman, aided by his lady, ever alert in the cause of humanity, are generally among the first on the shore, in case of accident, well supplied with restoratives, and other necessaries, to comfort and protect the suffering mariners."
Williams was a magistrate and also had an interest in agriculture, contributing some notes to a book on cattle breeding in 1869. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the National Eisteddfod. He was also instrumental, with Morris Williams, in the introduction of John Rhys, who at that time was teaching in Anglesey, to Charles Williams, Principal of Jesus College, which led to Rhys obtaining a scholarship to study at the college. Rhys went on to become the first Jesus Professor of Celtic at the University of Oxford and Principal of Jesus College itself.

## Other family members

His elder brother, John Williams, also studied at Jesus College and became a barrister. One of John Williams' grandsons was Ralph Champneys Williams, who later became Governor of the Windward Islands and Governor of Newfoundland.
# Cleptometopus padangensis

Cleptometopus padangensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1943.
# Erik Borresen

Erik Borresen was a 19th-century Norwegian brig. The captain of the ship was captain J. C. Hesselberg. On 16 November 1849 the ship wrecked on De Westen [nl], Texel, the Netherlands, drowning all ten people onboard.
The ship was built, owned and named after Erik Børresen (1785–1860).

## Fate

While on a voyage from Drammen, Norway to Cornwall, United Kingdom, with a load of wood, the ship disappeared in during the late evening of 16 November 1849 and wrecked on De Westen [nl], Texel, the Netherlands. All ten people on board drowned. The ship and its cargo was salvaged. In the morning of 19 November 1849, the bodies of the captain J. C. Hesselberg and the carpenter washed up on the beach. Items also washed ashore, such as a mirror with the name "Leuntje" and a painted nameplate of "Arthur". In the later days more items were found including a ship's boat with the name Henry Towner on the back, a mast, a water barrel and many (large) pieces of wood. A call was made in the newspaper for the owner to come forward. Texel beachcombers were accused of 'an insatiable appetite for plunder'.
# Montreuil-en-Caux

Montreuil-en-Caux (French pronunciation:, literally Montreuil in Caux) is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France.

## Geography

A farming village situated in the Pays de Caux, some 20 miles (32 km) south of Dieppe at the junction of the D99, D96, D100 and the D929 roads.

## Places of interest

* The church of St. Antoine and St. Sulpice, dating from the thirteenth century.
* Parts of an ancient château (now a farmhouse).
* The manorhouse of Hautot-Mesnil .
# Victoria Konefal

Victoria Konefal is an American actress. She has portrayed Ciara Brady on the NBC soap opera Days of Our Lives since 2017.

## Early life

Konefal was born in Brooklyn, New York. Her family consists of her parents, an older brother and sister, Victoria is the youngest. She studied at Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School. In 2015, she participated in a beauty pageant competition, where she was crowned Miss Poland USA.

## Career

Konefal is signed with MN2S International Music & Talent Agency and Katz PR, previously she was signed with Talent Works and Bold Management & Production. Konefal started her acting career in 2015 by landing a lead role in two films Forgetting Sandy Glass as Kelly, and the horror film Fog City as Georgia Paige. In 2016, she guest-starred in an episode of Modern Family as Rivka. In 2017, she appeared in three films: The Wrong Crush, where she played the lead role of Amelia; horror film Circus Kane as Tracy; and Deadly Exchange as Blake. In August 2017, it was announced that she had been cast in the role of Ciara Brady on the NBC soap opera, Days of Our Lives. She debuted on December 1, 2017.
In 2023, Konefal starred as Georgia Paige in the horror thriller movie Fog City.

## Filmography

Television and film roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2016 | Forgetting Sandy Glass | Kelly | Film |
| 2016 | Modern Family | Rivka | Episode: "Blindsided" |
| 2017 | The Wrong Crush | Amelia | Television film |
| 2017 | Deadly Exchange | Blake | Television film |
| 2017–present | Days of Our Lives | Ciara Brady | Series regular |
| 2017 | Circus Kane | Tracy | Film |
| 2021-2022 | Days of Our Lives: Beyond Salem | Ciara Brady | Miniseries |
| 2023 | Fog City | Georgia Paige | |
| TBD | Scared to Death | Lena | Post-production |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| 2019 | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series | Days of Our Lives | Nominated |
| 2020 | Soap Hub Awards | Favorite Days of Our Lives Actress | Days of Our Lives | Won |
| 2021 | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Younger Performer in a Drama Series | Days of Our Lives | Won |
| 2021 | Soap Hub Awards | Favorite Days of Our Lives Actress | Days of Our Lives | Won |
# Ulmus minor 'Albo-Dentata'

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Albo-Dentata' first featured in the Baudriller (Angers, France) nursery catalogue of 1880 as U. microphylla foliis albo-dentata. It was distributed by the Späth nursery of Berlin in the late 19th and early 20th century, as U. campestris microphylla fol. albo-dentatis.

## Description

Baudriller described the tree simply as a small-leafed elm with silver teeth. It was later described as a small tree, the leaves with white margins and spots.

## Cultivation

One tree, probably obtained from Späth, was planted as U. campestris microphylla fol. albo-dentatis in 1899 at the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada. A specimen of U. campestris microphylla fol. albo-dentatis, obtained from Späth and planted in 1914, stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk, in the early 20th century, where it was incorrectly listed as U. campestris macrophylla fol. albo dentatis. No specimens are known to survive, the one known specimen in Latvia now acknowledged as probably another cultivar. The tree is not known to have ever been cultivated beyond Europe.

## Synonymy

* Ulmus campestris f. microphylla albo-dentata: Dippel , Hand. Laubh, 2:25, 1892.

## Accessions
### Europe

* Hortus Botanicus Nationalis, Salaspils, Latvia. Acc. no. 18143 (acknowledged as possibly U. minor 'Variegata')
# Open water swimming at the 2022 European Aquatics Championships – Men's 5 km

The Men's 5 km competition of the 2022 European Aquatics Championships will be held on 20 August.
Competition was delayed from 18 to 20 August due to extreme weather affecting water conditions.

## Results

The race was started at 10:00.
| Rank | Swimmer | Nationality | Time |
| | Gregorio Paltrinieri | Italy | 52:13.5 |
| | Domenico Acerenza | Italy | 52:14.2 |
| | Marc-Antoine Olivier | France | 52:20.8 |
| 4 | Logan Fontaine | France | 52:21.3 |
| 5 | Oliver Klemet | Germany | 52:33.7 |
| 6 | Kristóf Rasovszky | Hungary | 52:34.0 |
| 7 | Dávid Betlehem | Hungary | 52:34.6 |
| 8 | Marcello Guidi | Italy | 52:44.0 |
| 9 | Carlos Garach | Spain | 53:34.8 |
| 10 | Tamaš Farkaš | Serbia | 53:37.1 |
| 11 | Linus Schwedler | Germany | 54:17.2 |
| 12 | Diogo Cardoso | Portugal | 54:38.2 |
| 13 | Guillem Pujol Belmonte | Spain | 55:07.7 |
| 14 | Ondřej Zach | Czech Republic | 55:08.8 |
| 15 | Ziv Cohen | Israel | 56:35.1 |
| 16 | Tomáš Chocholatý | Czech Republic | 56:37.9 |
| 17 | Joseph Deighan | Great Britain | 56:40.9 |
| 18 | Konstantinos Zachariadis | Greece | 56:44.1 |
| 19 | Théo Druenne | Monaco | 56:44.2 |
| | Tomáš Peciar | Slovakia | DSQ |
| | Yonatan Ahdut | Israel | DSQ |
| | Grgo Mujan | Croatia | DNS |
# Umuarama Esporte Clube

Umuarama Esporte Clube is a football club in the city of Iporá, in the state of Goiás that competes in the third division of Campeonato Goiano.

## History

Founded on November 15, 1965 in the city of Iporá in the state of Goiás, the club is affiliated to Federação Goiana de Futebol and has played in Campeonato Goiano (Second Division) five times and Third Division seven times.
# James Williams House

James Williams House may refer to:
* James Williams House (Kenton, Delaware), listed on the NRHP in Delaware
* James Robert Williams House, Carmi, Illinois, NRHP-listed
* Jim Williams House, Enterprise, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Clarke County, Mississippi
* James and Corinne Williams House, Spokane, Washington, listed on the NRHP in Spokane County, Washington
# Pella carolina

Pella carolina is a species of rove beetle in the genus Pella in the subfamily Aleocharinae. It was discovered by Casey in 1911.
# Judit

Judit is a feminine given name of Hungarian and Catalan origin related to Judith. Notable people with the name include:
* Judit Bar-Ilan (1958–2019), Israeli computer scientist
* Judit Elek (born 1937), Hungarian film director and screenwriter
* Judit Földing-Nagy (born 1965), Hungarian runner who specializes in the marathon
* Judit Gófitz (1701–1723), Hungarian conjoined twins
* Judit Kovács (born 1969), Hungarian retired high jumper
* Judit Mascó (born 1969), Catalan model, television host and writer
* Judit Polgár (born 1976), Hungarian chess Grandmaster
* Judit Temes (born 1930), Hungarian swimmer and Olympic champion
* Judit Varga (born 1976), Hungarian middle-distance runner
* Judit Varga (born 1979), Hungarian composer
# Džombić

Džombić (Serbian Cyrillic: Џомбић) is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandar Džombić (born 1968), Bosnian Serb politician
* Damir Džombić (born 1985), Bosnian footballer
# Mira, Louisiana

Mira is an unincorporated community in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, United States.