OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ochrolechia upsaliensis

Ochrolechia upsaliensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Ochrolechiaceae. Found in the Northern Hemisphere, it is commonly known as the tundra saucer lichen.

## Taxonomy

The lichen was formally described as a new species by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum. He placed it in the eponymous genus Lichen, as he did with all of the 80-odd lichens he described in this work. Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo transferred the taxon to the genus Ochrolechia in 1852.

## Description

The thallus of Ochrolechia upsaliensis is white to grayish-white, and crustose; the thallus thickens with age. The texture of the thallus surface ranges from smooth to granular. The lichen produces abundant apothecia; these reproductive structures are shallowly saucer-shaped, measuring 0.5–3 mm in diameter, with a pale-buff disc. The ascospores typically number 8 per ascus; they are ellipsoid with dimensions of 31–69 by 23–37 μm.
Ochrolechia upsaliensis reacts negatively to all standard lichen spot tests.

## Habitat and distribution

Ochrolechia upsaliensis has a Northern Hemisphere distribution, having been reported from Europe, arctic areas of Alaska and Canada, Greenland, and mountainous areas of the United States. It also occurs in mountainous areas of Europe. There, it prefers habitats with calciferous soil and plant debris, and grows optimally above the treeline. In the Alps, where it is widespread, Ochrolechia upsaliensis reaches the Nival zone. It typically overgrows mosses, sedges, grasses, or grows on the ground; less frequently, it has been recorded growing on rock. In Greenland, it is a component of the lichen-rich biological soil crust.
# 2019 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 45 kg

The women's 45 kg competition at the 2019 World Weightlifting Championships was held on 18 September 2019.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Event |
| 18 September 2019 | 14:30 | Group B |
| 18 September 2019 | 20:25 | Group A |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Snatch | Şaziye Erdoğan (TUR) | 77 kg | Ludia Montero (CUB) | 76 kg | Khổng Mỹ Phượng (VIE) | 74 kg |
| Clean & Jerk | Lisa Setiawati (INA) | 95 kg | Şaziye Erdoğan (TUR) | 92 kg | Vương Thị Huyền (VIE) | 91 kg |
| Total | Şaziye Erdoğan (TUR) | 169 kg | Ludia Montero (CUB) | 167 kg | Lisa Setiawati (INA) | 165 kg |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world records were as follows.
| World Record | Snatch | World Standard | 85 kg | — | 1 November 2018 |
| World Record | Clean & Jerk | World Standard | 108 kg | — | 1 November 2018 |
| World Record | Total | World Standard | 191 kg | — | 1 November 2018 |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Group | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total |
| | Şaziye Erdoğan (TUR) | A | 73 | 75 | 77 | | 90 | 92 | 96 | | 169 |
| | Ludia Montero (CUB) | A | 74 | 74 | 76 | | 88 | 91 | 94 | 4 | 167 |
| | Lisa Setiawati (INA) | A | 70 | 74 | 75 | 7 | 93 | 95 | 97 | | 165 |
| 4 | Vương Thị Huyền (VIE) | A | 70 | 73 | 73 | 4 | 91 | 93 | 93 | | 164 |
| 5 | Khổng Mỹ Phượng (VIE) | A | 74 | 76 | 78 | | 83 | 87 | 87 | 7 | 161 |
| 6 | Rosielis Quintana (VEN) | A | 70 | 73 | 73 | 6 | 87 | 90 | 93 | 6 | 157 |
| 7 | Mary Flor Diaz (PHI) | A | 67 | 70 | 72 | 8 | 86 | 86 | 91 | 8 | 156 |
| 8 | Rosina Randafiarison (MAD) | B | 65 | 70 | 72 | 5 | 85 | 90 | 90 | 10 | 155 |
| 9 | Nadezhda Panova (RUS) | A | 64 | 64 | 67 | 10 | 82 | 86 | 86 | 9 | 153 |
| 10 | Ayşe Doğan (TUR) | A | 66 | 68 | 69 | 9 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 12 | 148 |
| 11 | Katherine Landeros (CHI) | B | 59 | 62 | 64 | 11 | 79 | 81 | 81 | 13 | 143 |
| 12 | Daniela Pandova (BUL) | B | 61 | 61 | 63 | 12 | 79 | 82 | 82 | 14 | 142 |
| 13 | Tihana Majer (CRO) | B | 55 | 60 | 63 | 13 | 70 | 74 | 76 | 15 | 136 |
| 14 | Yuliya Asayonak (BLR) | B | 46 | 50 | 54 | 16 | 65 | 70 | 71 | 16 | 125 |
| 15 | Srity Akhter (BAN) | B | 53 | 54 | 56 | 15 | 68 | 68 | 71 | 17 | 124 |
| — | María Navarro (NCA) | B | 57 | 57 | 63 | 14 | 74 | 74 | 74 | — | — |
| — | Jhilli Dalabehera (IND) | A | 68 | 68 | 68 | — | 88 | 92 | 93 | 5 | — |
| — | Lee Seul-ki (KOR) | A | 70 | 70 | 70 | — | 84 | 88 | 88 | 11 | — |
# Alvy

Alvy is a masculine given name or nickname. It may refer to:
* Alvy Ashraf.H (born 2009) Bangladeshi person
* Alvy Moore (1921–1997), American actor
* Alvy Powell (born 1955), American opera singer and US Army soldier
* Alvy Ray Smith (born 1943), American computer scientist who worked on computer animation in films
* Alvy Singer, Woody Allen's character in the film Annie Hall
# Margaret of Brandenburg (disambiguation)

Margaret of Brandenburg (1270–1315) was the daughter of Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel; wife first of Przemysł II and second of Albert III, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
Margaret of Brandenburg may also refer to:
* Margaret of Brandenburg (1410–1465), daughter of Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg; wife in turn to Albrecht V of Mecklenburg, Louis VIII, Duke of Bavaria, and Martin von Waldenfels
* Margaret of Brandenburg (1450–1489), daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg; wife of Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania
* Margaret of Brandenburg (1453–1509), princess of Brandenburg by birth and abbess of the Poor Clares monastery at Hof
* Margaret of Brandenburg (1511–1577), daughter of Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg; wife first of George I, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast and second of John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
# Must Be Love

Must Be Love may refer to:
* "Must Be Love" (Cassie song), 2009
* "Must Be Love" (Christina Grimmie song), 2014
* "Must Be Love", a 2004 song by FYA and Smujji
* Must Be... Love, a 2013 Filipino film
# John Pinkerton (politician)

John Pinkerton (1845 – 4 November 1908) was an Irish Protestant nationalist politician and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. As a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party he represented Galway Borough from 1886 to 1900.
Pinkerton was born in Ballymoney, County Antrim, the son of John Pinkerton of Seacon More. He was educated privately. He rose to local prominence as a member of the Ballymoney Debating and Agricultural Societies. He was a tenant farmer, a JP of County Antrim, and served as a member of the Coleraine Board of Guardians.
He was a leading speaker and organiser in the tenant-right campaign from 1878 to 1888. He sympathised increasingly with the Catholics of north Antrim in their support for the national Land League. Over the objections of many in the Ballymoney Agricultural Society, the Route Tenants Defence Association and Antrim Central Tenant-Right Association with which he had been associated, he endorsed the Land League as the best means to free "the white slaves of Ireland". In 1882 he invited Michael Davitt and John Ferguson to a meeting in Ballymoney. He joined them in denouncing the inadequacies of the 1881 Land Act which had abjured compulsory sale to tenants. "Landlordism", he asserted, "is doomed. ... Landlords should either sell out or buy out." Protested by Orangemen beating their drums, the meeting was followed by serious disturbances.
During the Land War he was involved with the Ballycastle and Loughguile Land League branches.
Pinkerton was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1885 general election in which he stood as an independent "representative of small farmers and labourers" for the North Antrim constituency. Despite defeat, he so impressed the Irish Parliamentary Party that he, a Protestant tenant farmer, was picked by Charles Stewart Parnell as the party candidate for Galway Borough in the 1886 general election in which he was successful.
During his 14-year career as an MP, and as a founder member of the Protestant Home Rule Association, he was active in advancing the cause of Home Rule and Land reform at Liberal demonstrations throughout Scotland and England.
In 1873, he married Isabella, daughter of Robert Pinkerton, of Ballaghmore, County Antrim. They had one son and one daughter. Another daughter died in infancy.
In 1913, their son, John Wallace Pinkerton (1878–1949), a solicitor, was an organiser in Ballymoney of a “Meeting of Protestants” at which Roger Casement, Alice Stopford Green, and Captain Jack White spoke in protest against “the illegal policy of Carsonism”—the preparation by unionists of an armed resistance to an Irish parliament.
# Maxial e Monte Redondo

Maxial e Monte Redondo is a civil parish in the municipality of Torres Vedras, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Maxial and Monte Redondo. The population in 2011 was 3,546, in an area of 38.39 km². It also contains the village Loubagueira.
# Ipindo

Ikatan Pandu Indonesia (Ipindo) was the World Organization of the Scout Movement-recognized Indonesian national Scouting federation from 1953 to 1961.
When Indonesia became an independent country, there were more than 60 separate Boy Scout and Girl Guide organizations. Most were directly affiliated with some certain political parties or social groups. Attempts were made to unify all Scout organizations into one. The fact that Indonesia is made up of many islands made administration and supervision difficult, and the Japanese occupation caused some twenty separate Scout organizations to spring up, so it took time for them to coalesce. In September 1951 thirteen of the stronger Scout and Guide organizations nationwide met and decided to found a federating body to satisfy national and international needs.
Ipindo's motto was "Sedia", meaning "Be Prepared" in English. Tuan Soemardjo was elected chief commissioner, and Dr. Bahder Djohan, an old Scout and Minister of Education, became honorary President. Government approval of Ipindo was granted on February 22, 1952, and President Sukarno consented to become patron of the unifying and correlating National Scout Council. Soon, other Scout and Guide organizations began to merge into Ipindo.
With the 1961 decision to absorb the Fadjar Harapan Pioneer movement organization (founded in 1959), the establishment of a single Scout Movement organization in Indonesia called Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia was officially complete. In May 1961, the then President of Indonesia, Sukarno, signed a presidential regulation making Gerakan Pramuka the official Scout and Guide organization in Indonesia.
# Mikio Sasaki

Mikio Sasaki (佐々木 幹夫, Sasaki Mikio, born October 8, 1937) is chairman of the board of Mitsubishi Corporation.
In 1960, Sasaki graduated from Waseda University with a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering and management. In April 1960, he went to work for Mitsubishi Corporation, where he still resides to the present day. From 1993 to 1994, he was president of the American subsidiary Mitsubishi International Corporation in New York City. In 1994, he became a managing director in Japan, and in 1995 became an overall managing director of administration. In 1998, he became president and chief executive officer, and then, in 2004, became chairman of the board.
On June 13, 2008, Sasaki was elected to the position of director for the International Chamber of Commerce.

## Honours

* Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit of Spain (January 20, 2016).
# Twystron

A twystron is a type of microwave-producing vacuum tube most commonly found in high-power radar systems. The name refers to its construction, which combines a traveling wave tube, or TWT, with a klystron, producing a tw-ystron. The name was originally a trademark of Varian Associates, its developer, and was often capitalized. In recent times has become a generic term for any similar design.
The twystron amplifies a source signal using a conventional klystron, which consists of a series of cylindrical resonant chambers fed with the source signal. An electron gun at one end of the tube produces electrons that flow through holes in the centers of the resonators. As they pass through the holes, the signal within the resonator causes the electrons to "bunch up", a process known as velocity-modulation. The resulting electron beam is an amplified version of the original signal. In a conventional klystron, this signal is then captured and used as the output.
In the twystron, the output instead flows into a TWT for further amplification. The advantage of this approach is that while the multi-resonator klystron is an efficient amplifier, its bandwidth is reduced as one adds additional resonators, which makes high-power klystrons have a relatively low bandwidth generally less than 10% of the design frequency. In contrast, the TWT has a wider bandwidth response but are generally very long. By combining a klystron with a TWT, the result is a relatively compact device with improved bandwidth; typical twystrons have bandwidth up to 15% of the design point.
The device was developed by Albert La Rue and Rodney Rubert in the early 1960s and was quickly adopted by many radar designs in order to improve frequency agility and thereby improve performance against radar jamming systems. The twystron was generally replaced by the extended interaction klystron and solid state amplifiers.
# Intensive gathering

Intensive gathering describes the tending-to of edible wild plants to assure their continuous availability at known, convenient locales. Intensive gathering methods include weeding, discouraging predators, pot-irrigation, and limited harvesting to ensure reproduction. The same system of methods is involved in cultivation, a process which additionally requires systematic soil preparation and planting to tending and harvesting. This human manipulation ultimately results in the domestication of involved plant life.
Intensive gathering results in a higher total yield but at a lower efficiency compared to a highly mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Thus, intensive gathering is a product of sedentism and increased population density. Intensive gathering of plant foods at the expense of hunting large game, which was becoming scarcer as population density increased, was common worldwide in the two millennia preceding agriculture. Archeological evidence of intensive gathering includes marked increases in the frequency of particular or groups of taxa relative to prior periods or nearby regions within the same period and bags of several thousand seeds.

## Examples

The limited and poor-quality nut resources of California's lower Sacramento Valley motivated the peoples living there to practice intensive gathering of Brodiaeoideae corms and small seeds, especially goosefoot seeds, by at least 2500 BP. Intensive gathering of small seeds was adopted elsewhere in central California in around 1,000 BP as population densities reached the higher capacities of more nut-rich areas. Small-seed production was increased by the invention of the seed beater, by expanding the gathering season to include unripe seeds, by managed burning of stands, and by cultivation and ultimately domestication.
During the early Bronze Age, in the Samara river valley and possibly other parts of the south Russian steppes, pastoralism was practiced alongside intensive gathering, which was replaced by agriculture only in the Iron Age.

## See Also

* History of agriculture
* Neolithic Revolution
# 2016 Tallahassee Tennis Challenger – Doubles

Dennis Novikov and Julio Peralta were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, defeating Peter Luczak and Marc Polmans 3–6, 6–4, [12–10] in the final.

## Seeds

* Dennis Novikov / Julio Peralta (champions)
* Dean O'Brien / Donald Young (semifinals)
* Purav Raja / Divij Sharan (semifinals)
* Philip Bester / Peter Polansky (second round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | D Novikov J Peralta | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Argüello T Lipovšek Puches | | | | 1 | D Novikov J Peralta | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Jarry G Lapentti | w/o | | | | N Jarry G Lapentti | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Basilashvili J Hernández | | | | | | | | | 1 | D Novikov J Peralta | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | |
| 3 | P Raja D Sharan | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | 3 | P Raja D Sharan | 6 | 3 | [5] | | | | | |
| | S Bangoura J Statham | 4 | 6$^4$ | | 3 | P Raja D Sharan | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Falla LD Martínez | 6$^5$ | 6 | [7] | WC | B Lock MA Núñez | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | B Lock Marco Aurelio Núñez | 7$^7$ | 2 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | D Novikov J Peralta | 3 | 6 | [12] |
| | P Luczak M Polmans | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | P Luczak M Polmans | 6 | 4 | [10] |
| | Q Halys A Michon | 3 | 6$^4$ | | | P Luczak M Polmans | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Krueger T Sandgren | 3 | 2 | | 4 | P Bester P Polansky | 6 | 2 | [7] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | P Bester P Polansky | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | P Luczak M Polmans | 6 | 7 | | | | | | |
| WC | M Phillips J Ward | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 2 | D O'Brien D Young | 3 | 5 | | | | | | |
| | R Roelofse D Walsh | 4 | 4 | | WC | M Phillips J Ward | 6 | 1 | [14] | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | MA Dougaz Jose Gracia | 1 | 6$^3$ | | 2 | D O'Brien D Young | 4 | 6 | [16] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | D O'Brien D Young | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Oamaru Airport

Oamaru Airport (IATA: OAM, ICAO: NZOU) is an airport located 20 km north of Oamaru alongside State Highway 1, at Hilderthorpe in the North Otago region and the Waitaki District of New Zealand.

## History

On 10 December 1960 South Pacific Airlines of New Zealand commenced a Douglas DC-3 service linking Oamaru north to Timaru and Christchurch and south to Alexandra and Invercargill. Later a stop in Gore was added. These flights ended on 28 February 1966. Later that day Mount Cook Airlines took over also using DC-3 aircraft, serving Timaru and Christchurch.
In October 1968 Mount Cook Airline began using the 52 seater HS-748 aircraft into Oamaru.
A new sealed runway at the Oamaru Airport was passed as fully operational in March 1975.
Regular scheduled services were withdrawn in 1989. In 2005 the Waitaki District Council decided to reseal the main runway.
When scheduled services resumed in 2006 and the first BAe Jetstream 32EP arrived from Christchurch (operated by Air National on behalf of Eagle Airways) a crowd of approximately 500 people were present to view its landing. The aircraft operating the inaugural service was renamed The Spirit of Waitaki in honour of the reintroduction of services to Oamaru. However, regular commercial flights to Oamaru were again withdrawn on 1 January 2010.

## Aero Club

The North Otago Aero Club has been operating from the Oamaru Airport since 1956, and operated South Island based charter flights until 2019. Currently they offer flight training towards a Private Pilots License in a Cessna 172N or can do local area based trial flights.

## Timeline of services

The town has been through a lot of hurdles to gain then lose its air service forcing residents to either travel south to Dunedin or north to Timaru to catch a flight.
* 1975: NAC (later Air New Zealand) begins flights to Wellington via Timaru using Fokker Friendship aircraft.
* 1 April 1990: Air New Zealand ends Fokker Friendship flights to Oamaru.
* 23 April 1990: Air Nelson takes over flights with Metroliner aircraft.
* 28 October 1991: Air Nelson ends flights and Oamaru is left without a commercial air service.
* 1991-2006: Various options explored to reinstate air service.
* 2005-2006: Waitaki District Council spends about $500,000 upgrading runway, terminal building and other facilities.
* 2006: Waitaki Mayor Alan McLay starts negotiations for a new air service.
* 20 June 2006: Eagle Airways announces a new service to Christchurch using its Beech 1900 and occasionally Air National Jetstream 32 aircraft were used.
* 7 August 2006: First Beech 1900 flight lands at Oamaru to be greeted by about 120 people.
* 18 May 2009: Eagle Airways changes schedule amid fears service is in financial trouble.
* 13 October 2009: Eagle Airways announces service will end from 1 January 2010.
* 1 January 2010: After making an announcement in October 2009, Eagle Airways withdraws service from Oamaru.
* 4 June 2014: Mainland Air commences their short lived scheduled flights to Christchurch which ended in August.
# Trough of Bowland

The Trough of Bowland is a valley and high pass in the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Lancashire, England.
The pass, reaching 968 ft (295 m) above sea level at the head of the valley, links to Wyresdale, dividing the upland core of Bowland into two main blocks. Though steep and narrow, the road is the most direct connection between Lancaster and Dunsop Bridge, and hence Clitheroe. It was the route taken by the "Pendle witches" to their trial at Lancaster Castle in 1612. The Grey Stone of Trough, at the head of the pass, marks the line of the historic county boundary between Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire. Historically, the Trough marked the westernmost boundary of the ancient Lordship of Bowland.

## Definition

The Trough is scenic and popular with visitors, particularly walkers and cyclists, and it is sometimes considered synonymous with the Forest of Bowland as a whole. However, it is only a small part of the wider Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty at 312 sq mi (810 km$^2$).
The Ordnance Survey indicates the Trough of Bowland to be solely the steep upper valley of Losterdale Brook above Trough Barn. However, the generally used definition includes:
* the main valleys of Langden Brook and its tributaries, as far as Dunsop Bridge,
* on the Wyresdale side of the pass, the moorland and wooded valley of Trough Beck as far as Trough Bridge; most reasonably extend the western 'boundary' to encompass the rest of the wooded headwater valley of the Wyre as far as Marshaw.

## Land usage

The Trough is very sparsely populated: there are only two farms on the Langden side (Sykes and Hareden), and, in Wyresdale, the small community of Marshaw. All feature Grade II listed buildings.
Evidence of past industrial use remains in the form of a disused roadside lime kiln and several quarry scars. What is believed to be the former location of the Sykes Smelt Mill is now the headquarters of the Bowland Pennine Mountain Rescue Team.
Water is abstracted from the main streams of the Trough to supply the city of Preston. Water intakes were built at the mouths of Hareden, Losterdale and Langden Brooks in the 1920s, linked by a series of aqueducts to the Alston Reservoirs near Longridge. The water intakes are now operated by United Utilities from their office at Stocks board house
# Muskoka Cottage Brewery

Muskoka Brewery (formerly Muskoka Cottage Brewery) is a microbrewery founded in June 1996 as a part-time operation by Gary McMullen and Kirk Evans. By 2016, it had increased to 130 employees in a facility that is over 70,000 sq ft (6,500 m$^2$) in size.
The company manufactures a line of beers, including Cream Ale, Mad Tom IPA, Dark, Craft Lager, Ebb & Flow, Detour and Shinnicked Stout. The products are sold at the brewery at 1964 Muskoka Beach Road, Bracebridge, Ontario, at select pubs and restaurants (in Ontario, Manitoba, Alberta and Nova Scotia), and at The Beer Store and LCBO outlets. According to Gary McMullen, "They’re almost entirely unfiltered ... made with natural ingredients, no preservatives and handcrafted to final perfection."
The products have won many awards, most recently (2016) from The World Beer Championships, the Canadian Brewing Awards, and the US Open Beer Championship. In early 2017, Muskoka Brewery was named one of Canada's 10 Most Admired Corporate Cultures of 2016 by Waterstone Human Capital. Muskoka Brewery is a member of the Ontario Craft Brewers Association.