OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cerium(IV) hydroxide

Cerium(IV) hydroxide, also known as ceric hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ce(OH)$_4$. It is a yellowish powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in concentrated acids.

## Production

Cerium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting cerium(III) carbonate and acetic acid, then oxidizing it with hydrogen peroxide in base. The reactions are:
    Ce$_2$(CO$_3$)$_3$ + 6 CH$_3$COOH → 2 Ce(CH$_3$COO)$_3$ + 3 CO$_2$↑ + 3 H$_2$O
    2 Ce(CH$_3$COO)$_3$ + 3 H$_2$O$_2$ + 4 H$_2$O → 2 Ce(OH)$_3$(OOH) + 6 CH$_3$COOH
    CH$_3$COOH + NaOH → CH$_3$COONa + H$_2$O
    2 Ce(OH)$_3$(OOH) → 2 Ce(OH)$_4$↓ + O$_2$↑
The net equation is：
    Ce$_2$(CO$_3$)$_3$ + 6 CH$_3$COOH + 3 H$_2$O$_2$ + 6 NaOH —$^{343K}$→ 2 Ce(OH)$_4$ + 6 CH$_3$COONa + O$_2$↑ + 3 CO$_2$↑ + 5 H$_2$O
If using cerium(III) nitrate as ingredient, a similar reaction occurs:
    2 Ce(NO$_3$)$_3$ + 3 H$_2$O$_2$ + 6 NH$_3$·H$_2$O → 2 Ce(OH)$_3$(OOH)↓ + 6 NH$_4$NO$_3$ + 2 H$_2$O
    2 Ce(OH)$_3$(OOH) —$^Δ$→ 2 Ce(OH)$_4$↓ + O$_2$↑
It might also prepared by addition of sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to a Ce$^{4+}$ solution, being obtained as a gelatinous precipitate described as CeO$_2$·xH$_2$O, (x = 0.5–2). Boiling an insoluble Ce$^{4+}$ salt in NaOH gives granular Ce(OH)$_4$.
# 2009 US Open – Wheelchair quad doubles

Defending champions Nicholas Taylor and David Wagner defeated Johan Andersson and Peter Norfolk in the final, 6–1, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–3 to win the quad doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2009 US Open.
The event was not held in 2008 due to a schedule conflict with the 2008 Summer Paralympics, an issue that would continue to affect US Open wheelchair tennis until 2021.

## Main draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Finals

| Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| Nicholas Taylor David Wagner | 6 | 6$^5$ | 6 |
| Johan Andersson Peter Norfolk | 1 | 7 | 3 |
# Silas Sang

Silas Kipngetich Sang (born 21 August 1978) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who mainly competes in half marathon competitions. He is a three-time winner of the Portugal Half Marathon and set his personal best of 1:00:20 hours at the race in 2009.
Hailing from Kaptagat in the Rift Valley Province, he began running in international competitions in his early twenties and initially competed in track races in Finland. He was the 2005 winner of the Lidingöloppet Swedish cross country race and also won the Göteborgsvarvet half marathon that year. Working with long-distance coach El-Mostafa Nechchadi, he made his debut over the marathon distance in 2006 at the Madrid Marathon and came second in a time of 2:11:44 hours. It was over the half marathon that he had more success, however, as he had back-to-back victories from 2006 to 2008 in races in Malaga, Torremolinos, Seville and Albacete. His streak came to an end with a runner-up finish at the 2008 Göteborgsvarvet.
Sang defeated former world record holder Paul Tergat at the 2008 Portugal Half Marathon and set a new course record of 1:01:26 hours. He placed eighth at the Kenyan Cross Country Championships at the start of 2009 and spent much of that year competing in road races in the United States, which included top three finishes at the Azalea Trail Run and Cherry Blossom 10-Miler. He returned to the Portugal Half Marathon in Lisbon and successfully defended his title with a personal best run of 1:00.20 hours, beating World Championship medallist Emmanuel Kipchirchir Mutai in the process.
The following March he entered the city's other race, the Lisbon Half Marathon, but proved to be far off the world record pace of winner Zersenay Tadese, as Sang finish in twelfth. Undeterred, he signed up for the same race the following year and although Zersenay Tadese was again the winner, Sang produced one of the best performances of his career, coming third in a time of 1:00:38 hours. He ran at the 2011 Ottawa Marathon in May and set a personal best of 2:10:58 hours in spite of a five-year gap since his previous outing over the distance, taking fourth place. A third career victory at the Portugal Half Marathon came in September, as he held off challenges from Silas Kipruto and Lucas Rotich. He further improved his marathon best at the 2012 Nagano Marathon, where his time of 2:09:10 was five seconds behind winner Francis Kibiwott.
# WCTN

WCTN is a Spanish hits radio station broadcasting on 950 kHz in the medium-wave AM band from Potomac, Maryland.

## History

Seven Locks Broadcasting Company obtained a construction permit for station WXLN on July 1, 1964. Seven Locks was beset by financial problems; the permit was initially applied for in 1958 but faced delays due to ownership changes, and the deadline to construct was extended ten times between 1964 and 1971. WXLN went on the air in November 1971, with an adult standards format, but was forced to suspend operations May 26, 1972, due to bankruptcy.
The station was sold to Christ Church, Washington Parish in February 1973, who put the station back on the air that May 21, with one of the first contemporary Christian music formats in the nation.

## Translator

WCTN signed on FM translator W232DE (94.3 MHz) on August 30, 2017. This translator immediately drew interference complaints from WOWD-LP, also broadcasting on 94.3 to nearby Takoma Park, Maryland, who also alleged that Win Radio had installed a different antenna than that which was authorized. Win Radio did not respond to any of the complaints or inquiries from the FCC. As a translator is not allowed to cause any interference to another station, its license application was dismissed on May 8, 2018, and Win Radio was ordered to immediately cease its operation. The translator returned to air a year later; WOWD-LP dropped its complaints, though Win Radio admitted it had installed an unauthorized antenna and was fined $7,500 for the rule violation. Win Radio currently holds a construction permit to move to 101.5 FM, which would alleviate interference with both WOWD-LP and WLZV.
# James Stewart House (Lexington, South Carolina)

James Stewart House, also known as Stewart's Corner, is a historic home formerly located in Lexington, Lexington County, South Carolina. It was built in 1850, and is a 1 1/2-half story, rectangular, frame cottage with a gable roof and two interior chimneys. It features a porch with a high gable supported by square wood posts. To avoid demolition, the house was moved about 1991 from its original location on West Main Street in Lexington to its current site in the vicinity of Red Bank, South Carolina.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Kolåstinden

Kolåstinden is a mountain in the municipality of Ørsta, Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 1,432-metre (4,698 ft) tall mountain is located where the Romedalen and Standaldalen valleys converge, about 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) west of the village of Store Standal and the Hjørundfjorden and it is about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northeast of the village of Ørsta.
The summit is most easily reached from the area around the Standalhytta chalet, operated by the Aalesunds Skiklub, southwest of Store Standal. It is easiest to reach the peak in the winter and spring on skis, while it is recommended that those accessing in the summer bring ropes for glacier crossings.
# Gheorghe Olteanu

Gheorghe Olteanu (born 21 May 1926) is a Romanian cross-country skier who competed in the 1950s. He finished 22nd in the 50 km event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. He was born in Fundata, Brașov County.
# 1897 Yellow River flood

The 1897 Yellow River flood was a major natural disaster during the late Qing dynasty in China.
After millennia of meandering north and south of the Shandong peninsula, the 1897 flood resulted in the course of the Yellow River generally followed to this day.
# Jesuits in Safavid Iran

During the 16th century, the first European missionaries to reach the Persian Gulf were the Christian Jesuit Order. Francis Xavier, the founder of the Jesuit mission in Goa in India, chose Gaspar Barzaeus from the Dutch Republic to be their leader. Barzaeus arrived on the island of Hormuz in 1549 and spent the following year writing a great deal of reports. He and his soldiers functioned freely while on the island, benefiting from Hormuz's open religious environment.
Many Muslims were baptized by Barzaeus, reportedly including Turan Shah, the island's nominal ruler. A few prominent individuals were also won over by him, including the daughter and wife of a Safavid diplomat traveling through Hormuz on his way to India. He also attempted to turn mosques into churches and forbid Jews from staying in Hormuz, thus risking a hostile reaction from the ruling Safavid Shah Tahmasp I (r. 1524–1576) and the local populace. In 1568, the Jesuits departed Hormuz due to the intolerable climate and a population that did not respond well to their campaign of conversion.
The Jesuits returned to Iran some decades later. Volunteering to be the first Christian missionaries to reach the Iranian capital of Isfahan, they left their base in Mughal India. With the establishment of Jesuit outposts in Yerevan, Shamakhi, and Ganja, their influence had expanded to Shirvan and Armenia by the late 17th century.
Following the collapse of the Safavid government, little is known regarding Jesuit activity in Iran.
# Biskupice-Kolonia, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Biskupice-Kolonia is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Grodziec, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# CSS Savannah (gunboat)

CSS Savannah, later called Old Savannah and Oconee, was a gunboat in the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War.
Savannah was formerly the steamer Everglade, built in 1856 at New York City. She was purchased early in 1861 by the State of Georgia and converted into a gunboat for coast defense. With Georgia's admission to the Confederacy, Savannah, under Lieutenant John Newland Maffitt, was commissioned by the Confederate States Navy. She was attached to the squadron of Flag Officer Josiah Tattnall III, charged with the naval defense of South Carolina and Georgia.
On November 5–6, 1861, Savannah, flying Tattnall's flag, in company with CSS Resolute, CSS Sampson, and CSS Lady Davis, offered harassing resistance to a much larger Union fleet, under Flag Officer Samuel Francis Du Pont, preparing to attack Confederate strongholds at Port Royal Sound, South Carolina On November 7, Savannah fired on the heavy Union ships as they bombarded Fort Walker and Fort Beauregard. Driven finally by the Federal gunboats into Skull Creek, Georgia, Tattnall disembarked with a landing party in an abortive attempt to support the fort's garrison, and Savannah returned to Savannah, Georgia to repair damages.
On November 26, 1861, Savannah, in company with Resolute and Sampson, all under Flag Officer Tattnall, weighed anchor from under the guns of Fort Pulaski, Georgia, and attacked Union vessels at the mouth of the Savannah River. On January 28, 1862, the same three vessels delivered supplies to the fort while evading Federal ships. Savannah later assisted in the unsuccessful defense of Fort Pulaski on April 10–11, 1862, and for the remainder of the year served as a receiving ship at the city of Savannah.
Her name was changed to Oconee on April 28, 1863, and in June she was loaded with cotton and dispatched to England to pay for much-needed supplies. After some delay she escaped to sea, only to founder on August 18 during bad weather. A boat with four officers and eleven men was captured two days later; the remainder of her crew escaped.
# 2005 RCA Championships

The 2005 RCA Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the event known that year as the RCA Championships, and was part of the International Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the Indianapolis Tennis Center in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, from July 18 through July 25, 2005. It was the first event of the 2005 US Open series. Robby Ginepri won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Robby Ginepri defeated Taylor Dent, 4–6, 6–3, 3–0 (retired)
* It was Robby Ginepri's 1st title of the year, and his 2nd overall.

### Doubles

Paul Hanley / Graydon Oliver defeated Simon Aspelin / Todd Perry, 6–2, 3–1 (retired)
# Independent Turnverein

Independent Turnverein, also known as the Hoosier Athletic Club and Marott Building, is a historic Turnverein clubhouse located at Indianapolis, Indiana. It was built in 1907 and consists of a main three-story brick pavilion connected by a two-story section to a second three-story brick pavilion. It has Prairie School and American Craftsman design elements, including a red tile hipped roof. It features paneled and decorated pilasters, a second floor Palladian window, and limestone decorative elements. The building was remodeled in 1946.$^{:2–5}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## History

The Turnverein, located at 902 North Meridian, was built in 1907 when it was built by the Hoosier Athletic Club. The athletic club struggled with financial difficulties during the 1920s and went bankrupt in 1930, leaving the building vacant. The building remained vacant from 1930 to 1943 when it was eventually purchased by Indianapolis businessman George Marott.
The building was renamed the Marott Building and served as an academic space for Purdue University classes. Following extensive renovations, engineering classes began being held in the new Marott Building in 1946. Some of the renovations include the basement was converted from a swimming pool to a chemistry laboratory. Purdue University moved from the building in 1961 to the Krannert Building on 38th street and Indiana University moved into the building in 1965. The IU Speech Department and Theatre program occupied the building until 1971. When the Robert E. Cavanaugh Hall was completed in 1971, most of the speech department moved to the new building apart from the theatre program. When IUPUI formed in 1969, the basement chemistry laboratory was converted into the University Theatre.
In 1972, the School of Education established offices in the Marott Building. In 1980, the University Theatre moved from the Marott to the Mary E. Cable Building on the IUPUI Campus. In 1982, the School of Education moved to the new Education/Social Work Building on the IUPUI main campus. In 1983, the building was converted into the Turnverein Apartment Complex.
# Steinheii

Steinheii is a mountain in the municipality of Bykle in Agder county, Norway. The 1,421-metre (4,662 ft) tall mountain has a topographic prominence of 260 metres (850 ft) which makes it the 10th highest mountain in Agder county. The mountain sits in the southwestern part of the municipality, just south of the lake Botsvatn and east of the lake Ytre Storevatnet. The nearest village is Bykle, located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the northeast.
# José-María Larrabeiti

José-María Larrabeiti Eguidazu (born 20 October 1900, date of death unknown) was a Spanish sprinter. He competed in three events at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Ignacio Sola

Ignacio Sola Cortabarria (born 1 February 1944) is a Spanish athlete. He competed in the men's pole vault at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Octavia E. Butler Landing

Octavia E. Butler Landing is the February 18, 2021, landing site of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover within Jezero crater on planet Mars. On March 5, 2021, NASA named the site for the American science fiction author, Octavia E. Butler, who died on February 24, 2006. The Mars landing took place nearly 15 years to the day after her death. The coordinates of the landing site on Mars are 18°26′N 77°27′E﻿ / ﻿18.44°N 77.45°E﻿ / 18.44; 77.45

## Description

Jezero Crater was chosen as the 2021 landing site for the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter as part of the Mars 2020 mission. Thought to have once been flooded with water, the crater contains a fan-delta deposit rich in clays. The lake in the crater was present when valley networks were forming on Mars. Besides having a delta, the crater shows point bars and inverted channels. From a study of the delta and channels, it was concluded that the lake inside the crater probably formed during a period in which there was continual surface runoff. Since it is believed that the lake was long-lived, life may have developed in the crater; the delta may have required a period of one to ten million years to form.

## Octavia E. Butler

Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an African American science fiction author who published a number of novel series between 1976 and 1998. A multiple recipient of both the Hugo and Nebula awards, in 1995 she became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship.
Butler published standalone novels, short stories, essays and speeches. She was born in and grew up in Pasadena, California, the location of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which manages the Perseverance rover project.
# Herod

Herod may refer to:

## Members of the Herodian dynasty

Members of the Herodian dynasty, named after Herod the Great, in chronological order:
* Herod the Great (born c. 74 BC, ruled 37–4 BC or 1 BC), client king of Judea who expanded the Second Temple in Jerusalem and in the New Testament orders the Massacre of the Innocents
* Herod II or Herod Philip I (c. 27 BC–33 AD), father of the Salome in Mark 6:21-29, did not rule over any territory
* Herod Archelaus (23 BC–c. AD 18, ruled 4 BC–AD 6), ethnarch of Samaria, Judea, and Idumea
* Herod Antipas (born 21 BC, ruled 4 BC–AD 39), tetrarch of Galilee and Peraea and in the New Testament orders the death of John the Baptist and mocks Jesus
* Philip the Tetrarch, sometimes wrongly named as Herod Philip II, (born c. 20 BC, ruled 4 BC–AD 34), tetrarch of Iturea, Trachonitis, and Batanaea
* Herod Agrippa (born c. 11 BC, ruled AD 41–44), client king of Judaea, called "King Herod" or "Herod" in Acts 12 of the New Testament
* Herod of Chalcis (died AD 48), also known as Herod II or Herod V, king of Chalcis (r. AD 41–48)
* Herod Agrippa II (born AD 27, ruled 48–c. 92), ruled Chalcis and described in Acts 25 of the New Testament as "King Agrippa" before whom Paul the Apostle defended himself

## US places

* Averitt-Herod House, historic house in Hartsville, Tennessee
* Herod, Illinois, United States
* Herods Run, a stream in West Virginia

## Other

* Herod (band), a heavy metal band from the United States
* Herod (horse), a thoroughbred racehorse
* Hérode et Mariamne, a tragedy by Voltaire
* Like Herod, a song by Scottish post-rock band Mogwai
# Álvaro de Arana

Álvaro de Arana Churruca (22 June 1887 – 16 July 1937) was a Spanish sailor who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. He was killed in action during the Spanish Civil War.
# Yeonyeopsan (North Gyeongsang)

Yeonyeopsan (Gyeongsangbuk-do) is a mountain of Gyeongsangbuk-do, eastern South Korea. It has an elevation of 775 metres.
# Selja, Rapla County

Selja is a village in Kehtna Parish, Rapla County in northern-central Estonia.
# Kiełbaśnica

Kiełbaśnica is an element of a female Polish national costume from the region of Upper Silesia dating back to the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It is a long cylindrical linen cloth belt, around 5 to 10 centimeters in diameter, worn around a woman's hips.
Kiełbaśnica is stuffed with wool, feathers, cotton wool or cloth leftovers. On both ends of the belt there are sewn-in strings, used for tying it around one's hips. Its task is to make women look more attractive by widening their hips; thin women were considered sickly or poor at the beginning of the 20th century.
It also helps to fasten around the waist and hold the numerous skirts which are also parts of the national costume.
Its shape resembles kiełbasa, thus the name.
# Great Yorkshire Chase

The Great Yorkshire Chase is a Premier Handicap National Hunt handicap chase in England which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 3 miles (4,828 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in January.
The race was first run in 1948. Until 2023 it was sponsored by Sky Bet and known as the Sky Bet Handicap Chase. The race held Listed status until 2022 and was re-classified as a Premier Handicap from the 2023 running when Listed status was removed from handicap races.

## Records

Most successful horse (2 wins):
* Ziga Boy – 2016, 2017
Most successful jockey (3 wins):
* Tim Molony – Arctic Gold (1951), Knock Hard (1953), ESB (1957)
Most successful trainer (4 wins):
* Fred Rimell – Old Morality (1949), ESB (1957), Nicolaus Silver (1962), Rough House (1975)

## Winners

* 1 2 The 2006 and 2007 runnings took place at Southwell
* ↑ amateur jockey
# Kinloch Brae Chase

The Kinloch Brae Chase, currently run as the Horse & Jockey Hotel Chase, is a Grade 2 National Hunt steeplechase in Ireland. It is run at Thurles Racecourse in late January or early February, over a distance of about 2 miles and 4½ furlongs (2 miles 4 furlongs and 118 yards, or 4,131 metres) and during its running there are 14 fences to be jumped.
The race was first run in 1997. It was downgraded from Grade 2 to Grade 3 in 2017. and returned to Grade 2 status in 2018.

## Records

Most successful horse (3 wins):
* Native Upmanship – (2002, 2003, 2004)
* Allaho - (2021, 2022, 2024)
Leading jockey (5 wins):
* Paul Townend - Quito De La Roque (2013), Real Steel (2020), Allaho (2021, 2022, 2024)
Leading trainer (6 wins):
* Willie Mullins - Apt Approach (2012), Real Steel (2020), Allaho (2021, 2022, 2024), Appreciate It (2025)
# CRA

CRA is an abbreviation for:

## Companies

* Conestoga-Rovers & Associates, a consulting engineering firm in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
* Convenience Retail Asia, Hong Kong
* Conzinc Riotinto of Australia
* CRA International, a consultancy

## Credit reporting

* Credit bureau, known as consumer reporting agency (CRA) in the US, and credit rating agency (CRA) in the UK

## Job titles

* Certified Research Administrator
* Clinical research associate or Clinical Research Assistant in clinical trial
* Commander, Royal Artillery

## Laws

* Civil Rights Act (disambiguation), multiple US legislation
* Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (US)
* Congressional Review Act of 1996 (US)
* Constitution Restoration Act of 2004/2005
* Cyber Resilience Act, EU, 2022

## Organizations
### Australia

* Christian Research Association
* Commercial Radio Australia

### Canada

* Canada Revenue Agency, administering tax laws
* Canadian Rheumatology Association, the national professional association for Canadian rheumatologists

### Colombia

* Potable Water and Basic Sanitation Regulation Commission

### Morocco

* Chabab Rif Al Hoceima, a football club
* Chabab Rif Al Hoceima (basketball)

### Singapore

* Casino Regulatory Authority of Singapore

### United Kingdom

* Cambridgeshire Rowing Association
* Congo Reform Association

### United States

* Congress of Russian Americans, Russian émigré organization
* Champion Racing Association, auto racing sanctioning body
* Community redevelopment agency, urban renewal body
* Computing Research Association, academic department association
* Corn Refiners Association, trade association
* Critical Research Academy, a College of Education graduate program
* California Roadster Association, a racing governing body

## Other

* Community reinforcement approach to therapy for addiction
* Corona Australis (CrA), a constellation in the Southern Hemisphere