OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stanley F. Birch Jr.

Stanley Francis Birch Jr. (born August 29, 1945) is a former United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.

## Education and career

Birch was born in Langley Field, Virginia. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Virginia in 1967. He received his Juris Doctor and Master of Laws from Emory University School of Law in 1970 and 1976, respectively. He was a United States Army Lieutenant from 1970 to 1972. He was a law clerk for Judge Sidney Oslin Smith Jr. of United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia from 1972 to 1974. He had been in private practice in Gainesville, Georgia from 1974 to 1984, and in Atlanta, Georgia from 1984 to 1990.

## Federal judicial service

Birch was nominated by President George H. W. Bush on March 22, 1990 for the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit to a seat vacated by Judge James Clinkscales Hill. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 11, 1990, and received his commission on May 14, 1990. Birch retired from judicial service on August 29, 2010.

## Selected rulings

* Concurring opinion on the Terri Schiavo case
# 2005 Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden

The 2005 Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden was the second round of the 2005 Speedway Grand Prix season (the world championship). It took place on 11 May 2005 at the Smedstadion in Eskilstuna, Sweden.
It was the 11th time that the Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden had been held.
The Grand Prix was by the Australian rider Jason Crump (his 11th career Grand Prix win).

## Grand Prix result

| Placing | Rider | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | Pts | SF1 | SF2 | Final | GP Pts |
| | (4) Jason Crump | 2 | | | | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | | | 0 | | | | 2 | 10 | | 2 | 3 | 25 |
| | (6) Tony Rickardsson | | 0 | | | | 3 | | | 3 | | | | | | | 3 | | | 2 | | 11 | 3 | | 2 | 20 |
| | (13) Bjarne Pedersen | | | | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | 2 | | 3 | | | | | 3 | | 13 | 2 | | 1 | 18 |
| 4 | (5) Nicki Pedersen | | 3 | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | | | | | 3 | | | | | 3 | 13 | | 3 | f | 16 |
| 5 | (2) Leigh Adams | 3 | | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | 13 | | 0 | | 13 |
| 6 | (8) Antonio Lindbäck | | 2 | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | | | 0 | | | 3 | | | | 8 | 1 | | | 8 |
| 7 | (11) Hans Andersen | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | 2 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | 0 | 8 | | 1 | | 8 |
| 8 | (15) Kenneth Bjerre | | | | 3 | | | 2 | | | 0 | | | | | | 2 | 1 | | | | 8 | 0 | | | 8 |
| 9 | (16) Scott Nicholls | | | | t | | | | 2 | 1 | | | | | | 2 | | | 2 | | | 7 | | | | 7 |
| 10 | (14) Greg Hancock | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | 3 | | 0 | | | | | | | 1 | 6 | | | | 6 |
| 11 | (7) Tomasz Gollob | | 1 | | | | | 0 | | | | | 1 | 3 | | | | | 1 | | | 6 | | | | 6 |
| 12 | (1) Rune Holta | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 0 | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | | 6 | | | | 6 |
| 13 | (10) Tomasz Chrzanowski | | | 3 | | | 0 | | | | | | 0 | | | 1 | | 0 | | | | 4 | | | | 4 |
| 14 | (3) Lee Richardson | 0 | | | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 0 | | | | 1 | | 3 | | | | 3 |
| 15 | (12) Ryan Sullivan | | | 1 | | | | | 0 | | 1 | | | 1 | | | | | | 0 | | 3 | | | | 3 |
| 16 | (9) Andreas Jonsson | | | 0 | | 0 | | | | | | t | | | | | 1 | | 0 | | | 1 | | | | 1 |
| R1 | (R1) Mikael Max | | | | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | R1 |
| R2 | (R2) Peter Nahlin | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | | | | | | | 0 | R2 |
m - exclusion for exceeding two minute time allowance • t - exclusion for touching the tapes • x - other exclusion • e - retired or mechanical failure • f - fell • ns - non-starter • nc - non-classify
| gate A - inside | gate B | gate C | gate D - outside |
# North St. Vrain Creek Bridge

The North St. Vrain Creek Bridge, in Lyons, Colorado, was built in 1955. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
It brings State Highway 7, at its milepost 32.98, over the North St. Vrain Creek. It is a single-span road bridge designed by the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads and built in 1955 by Lowdermilk Brothers contractors. It is a concrete rigid frame bridge. The span is 60 feet (18 m) long; the roadway 30 feet (9.1 m) wide in a structure that is 66 by 37.30 feet (20.12 m × 11.37 m) overall.
It is located on the southern side of Lyons.
# National Human Rights Commission of Bangladesh

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) (Bengali: জাতীয় মানবাধিকার কমিশন) of Bangladesh is an autonomous public body.

## History

National Human Rights Commission was established on 9 December 2007 by the Caretaker government of Bangladesh. The organization was constituted under the provisions of the National Human Rights Commission Ordinance. It was reestablished by the National Human Rights Commission Act, 2009 after the original ordinance lapsed. Then it was reconstituted in 2009 as a national advocacy institution for human rights promotion and protection. It is committed to the accomplishment of human rights in a broader sense, including dignity, worth and freedom of every human being, as enshrined in the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and different international human rights conventions and treaties to which Bangladesh is a signatory. Consecutive administrations in Bangladesh have developed policies aimed at empowering women, incorporating this objective into their broader agendas while honoring their commitments to global development objectives.

## Organization

A Selection Committee is formed consisting of seven members under headed by Speaker of the Parliament. Based upon its recommendation the President of Bangladesh appoints the chairman and members of the commission.
Former Chairman and Members :
| Serial No. | Name | Designation | Term |
| 1 | Kamal Uddin Ahmed | Chairman | 8 December 2022 - 7 November 2024 |
| 2 | Nasima Begum | Chairman | 22 September 2019 - 23 September 2022 |
| 3 | Md Nazrul Islam | Acting Chairman | 2 July 2019 - 6 August 2019 |
| 4 | Kazi Reazul Hoque | Chairman | 2 August 2016 - 1 July 2019 |
| 5 | Mizanur Rahman | Chairman | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 6 | Md Nazrul Islam | Full Time Member | August 2016 - 6 August 2019 |
| 7 | Kazi Reazul Hoque | Full Time Member | June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 8 | Nurun Naher Osmani | Member | 2 August 2016 - 2 August 2019 |
| 9 | Enamul Hoque Chowdhury | Member | 2 August 2016 - 2 August 2019 |
| 10 | Akhter Hussain | Member | 2 August 2016 - 2 August 2019 |
| 11 | Meghna Guhathakurta | Member | 2 August 2016 - 2 August 2019 |
| 12 | Banchita Chakma | Member | 2 August 2016 - 8 August 2019 |
| 13 | Mahfuza Khanam | Member | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 14 | Selina Hossain | Member | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 15 | Aroma Datta | Member | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 16 | Fauzia Karim Firoz | Member | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |
| 17 | Nirupa Dewan | Member | 23 June 2010 - 23 June 2016 |

## Activities

* It lodged complaints against Border Security Forces of India over Felani Killing with the National Human Rights Commission of India.
* It holds surveys regarding perceptions about human rights in Bangladesh.
* It campaigns against Human Rights abuses and extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh.
# Martial Bourdin

Martial Bourdin (1868 – 15 February 1894) was a French anarchist, noted for his attempt to bomb Greenwich Observatory. He sustained fatal injuries when his bomb exploded prematurely as he was carrying it through Greenwich Park, London.

## Biography

Bourdin was a member of the anarchist tailors' group L’Aiguille, along with his brother Henri. He emigrated from France, working as a women's tailor in Detroit and later London. In London, he and his brother were members of Club Autonomie, a popular club for foreign anarchists.
On 15 February 1894 Bourdin entered Greenwich Park, carrying a small bomb, which exploded in his hand. The explosion completely destroyed his left hand and wrist, and blew a small hole through his abdomen. Although Bourdin had sustained massive injuries, he remained alive and able to speak, but refused to answer questions. He was carried to the Seamen's Hospital nearby, where he died 30 minutes later. Bourdin was buried in the Finchley Road cemetery on 23 February. Fellow Anarchist Louise Michel gave a speech at the funeral.
Later, police investigators discovered that Bourdin had left his room on Fitzroy Street in London and travelled by tram from Westminster to Greenwich Park. The police concluded that "some mischance or miscalculation or some clumsy bungling" had caused the bomb to explode in Bourdin's hand. Because he was found with a large sum of money, the police speculated that he had planned to leave for France immediately.
David Rooney argues that Bourdin intended to destroy the observatory's public clock, with which time clocks throughout Britain were synchronized.

## Legacy

Bourdin's gruesome death and the mystery surrounding his attempted act inspired Joseph Conrad's 1907 novel, The Secret Agent. Some scholars believe T. S. Eliot references Bourdin in his Ariel poem "Animula" when he writes "Pray...// For Boudin, blown to pieces," although Eliot uses the spelling "Boudin" and may not have had the anarchist in mind.
# Viktor Rashchupkin

Viktor Ivanovich Rashchupkin (Russian: Виктор Иванович Ращупкин, born October 16, 1950) is a Soviet/Russian athlete who competed mainly in the discus throw. He was born in Kamensk-Uralsky.
He competed for Soviet Union at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union where he won the gold medal in the men's discus throw event.
With the death of Al Oerter on 1 October 2007, Rashchupkin is now the oldest surviving Olympic Champion in the Men's Discus. He is almost exactly 1 month older than 1976 Champion, Mac Wilkins.
# 1935 Fresno State Bulldogs football team

The 1935 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented Fresno State Normal School—now known as California State University, Fresno—during the 1935 college football season.
Fresno State competed in the Far Western Conference (FWC). The 1935 team was led by third-year head coach Leo Harris and played home games at Fresno State College Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California. They finished the season as champion of the FWC, with a record of six wins and three losses (6–3, 4–0 FWC). The Bulldogs outscored their opponents 199–84 for the season, including holding their opponents under 10 points in six of the nine games.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 28 | La Verne* | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | W 46–0 | 3,601 |
| October 5 | California JV* | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | L 7–13 | 4,935 |
| October 12 | Santa Clara* | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | L 0–24 | 8,500 |
| October 19 | at Chico State | College FieldChico, CA | W 13–0 | |
| October 26 | Caltech | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | W 51–7 | 2,240 |
| November 2 | Pacific (CA) | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | W 20–7 | 3,833 |
| November 11 | at Nevada | Mackay StadiumReno, NV | W 27–6 | 3,500 |
| November 16 | at Cal Aggies | A Street fieldDavis, CA | W 31–6 | |
| November 28 | San Francisco* | Fresno State College StadiumFresno, CA | L 3–21 | 7,647 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# John Carter Farmstead

John Carter Farmstead is a historic farmhouse and bank barn located at Youngstown in Niagara County, New York. It consists of a brick dwelling constructed in 1858 in the Italianate style and a brick bank barn, constructed in 1857. The farm ceased operation in 1996.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.
# Danny Henriques

Danny Agostinho Henriques (born 29 July 1997) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Cypriot First Division club AEK Larnaca.

## Club career

Henriques was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands to Portuguese parents. He played youth football with SBV Excelsior and SC Cambuur, before moving to Portugal with U.D. Vilafranquense in the third division.
On 13 June 2018, Henriques signed a three-year contract with Belenenses SAD, being initially assigned to the under-23 team. He made his Primeira Liga debut on 8 February 2020, coming on as an early substitute for the injured Nuno Coelho in a 0–2 home loss against C.D. Santa Clara. He scored his first goal the following weekend, opening the 2–1 away win over Boavista F.C. and later being sent off for two yellow cards.
# Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (soundtrack)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Melodic.net | |
| Filmtracks | |
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron is a soundtrack album and the ninth studio album by Bryan Adams and Hans Zimmer to the animated feature of the same name. The album was released on May 14, 2002 (see 2002 in music) and includes the European hit, "Here I Am".
Both the English and French versions of the album have Bryan Adams as the singer.
The German vocals were provided by Hartmut Engler, lead singer of the German pop band Pur.
Spanish vocals in the European version of the soundtrack were recorded by singer Raúl Malo.
Spanish vocals in the Latin version of the soundtrack were recorded by Mexican singer Erik Rubin.
Italian vocals in the Italian version of the soundtrack were recorded by singer Zucchero.
In Brazil, a Portuguese version of the soundtrack was recorded by Brazilian singer Paulo Ricardo.
In the Polish version vocals were provided by Maciej Balcar, lead singer of the Polish blues rock band Dżem.

## Personnel

* Bryan Adams – vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bass
* Gavin Greenway – keyboards, programming
* Steve Jablonsky – keyboards, programming
* Patrick Leonard – keyboards, programming
* Hans Zimmer – keyboards, programming
* Mel Wesson – keyboards, programming, additional arrangements
* Matt Mahaffey – keyboards (4), drums (4), backing vocals (4), whistling (4)
* Sarah McLachlan – acoustic piano (6), vocals (6)
* Heitor Pereira – acoustic guitar, electric guitar
* Davey Johnstone – electric guitar
* Keith Scott – guitars
* David Channing – 12-string guitar
* Mickey Curry – drums
* Ashwin Sood – drums (4)
* Martin Tillman – electric cello
* Craig Eastman – fiddle
* Tonia Davall – orchestra contractor
* Perry Montague-Mason – concertmaster
* James Dooley – additional arrangements
* Rupert Gregson-Williams – additional arrangements
* The Pointless Brothers [Bryan Adams and Robert John "Mutt" Lange] – backing vocals

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 100,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Changde–Yiyang–Changsha high-speed railway

The Changde–Yiyang–Changsha high-speed railway or Changyichang high-speed railway (Chinese: 常益长高速铁路; pinyin: Chángyìcháng Gāosù Tiělù), also known as the Changde–Changsha section of Chongqing–Xiamen high-speed railway, is a high-speed railway in China. It is 157 kilometres (98 mi) long and has a design speed of 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph). The Changde–Yiyang section also forms part of the Hohhot–Nanning corridor.
The initial section from Yiyang South to Changsha West opened on 6 September 2022 (Changsha West railway station is under renovation and not opened to passengers, however trains can through service to Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan intercity railway here).
Hanshou railway station and Changde railway station opened on 26 December 2022.

## Route

The railway runs parallel the existing Shimen–Changsha railway between Changde and Changsha.

## Stations

| Station Name | Chinese | China Railway and CRH transfers/connections |
| Changde | 常德 | Qianjiang–Changde railway Shimen–Changsha railway |
| Hanshou | 汉寿 | |
| Yiyang South | 益阳南 | |
| Ningxiang West | 宁乡西 | |
| Changsha West | 长沙西 | Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan intercity railway Changsha–Ganzhou high-speed railway (planned) |
| through service to Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan intercity railway ||||
# Arthur Eaglefield Hull

Arthur Eaglefield Hull (10 March 1876 – 4 November 1928) was an English music critic, writer, composer and organist. He was the founder of the original British Music Society in 1918.

## Early life and education

Born in Little Bowden near Market Harborough, Hull was initially a music student of the pianist and theorist Tobias Matthay and the organist Charles W Pearce (1856-1928). He graduated from Oxford University with a B.Mus in 1898 and was awarded a Doctorate of Music (Mus. Doc.) in 1903. In 1898 he was appointed organist and choirmaster at Bishop's Stortford Parish Church.

## Career

Hull moved to Huddersfield in Yorkshire where he founded the Huddersfield Music Club in 1900, and where he was the organist at Huddersfield Parish Church from 1904 to 1920. In 1908 he founded the School of Music in Huddersfield, forerunner to the University Music Department. In 1918 he founded the British Music Society. In these roles he championed the music of William Baines in 1920.
He became an editor of several music publications including The Monthly Musical Record (from 1912 until his death), International Library of Books on Music, Library of Music and musicians (a series of books on composers), The Music Lover's Library (short books on classical music subjects) and others. He also taught the piano and organ privately. Frederic Lord, George Oldroyd and Alfred Whitehead were among his notable pupils.
As a composer, Eaglefield Hull's organ works include the Variations poétiques sur un thème original (1911), the Prelude, Berceuse and Rêverie (1913), and the Fantasy on an old English carol (1921). There was also an orchestral Overture in A, Three Shakespeare Songs for voice and strings, and a string quartet. He produced editions of music scores, including the organ sonatas of Alexandre Guilmant.

## Author

Hull wrote a biography of Alexander Scriabin, and coined the term "mystic chord" to describe the harmonic and melodic device which the Russian composer used in some of his later works. He also wrote a living biography of another mystically inclined composer, Cyril Scott, for whom he had a high regard, calling him "at the least, the equal of those (composers) of any other country". Hull translated and edited biographies of Mussorgsky, Handel, Beethoven and others. He was the general editor for the reference work A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians (Dent, 1924), which covered the period from 1880 onwards, and wrote books and articles on subjects such as musical harmony and organ technique.

## Controversy and death

In 1927 his book Music: Classical, Romantic and Modern was published but material in it was found to be borrowed from other writers. How much of this was plagiarism and how much a mere careless, hasty failure to cite sources is not known, but the resultant public denunciations (led by Percy Scholes) left Hull very upset. He killed himself by falling under a train at Huddersfield station on 18 September 1928, dying a few weeks later.
# Juostinas

The Juostinas is a river in Anykščiai district municipality, Utena County, northeastern Lithuania. It flows for 18.44 kilometres (11.46 mi).
It is a tributary of the Juosta.
# 59th Bodil Awards

The 59th Bodil Awards were held on 5 March 2006 in Imperial Cinema in Copenhagen, Denmark, honouring the best national and foreign films of 2005. Peter Mygind og Mette Horn hosted the event. Per Fly's Manslaughter won the award for Best Film. Best Actor in a Leading Role went to Jesper Christensen, the film's protagonist. Trine Dyrholm won Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in Fluerne på væggen [da].

## Winners
### Best Danish Film

* Manslaughter
** Adam's Apples
** Manderlay
** Murk
** Nordkraft

### Best Actor in a Leading Role

* Jesper Christensen
** Mikael Persbrandt
** Troels Lyby
** Thure Lindhardt
** Bjarne Henriksen

### Best Actress in a Leading Role

* Trine Dyrholm
** Birthe Neumann
** Sofie Gråbøl
** Signe Egholm Olsen

### Best Actor in a Supporting Role

* Nicolas Bro
** Lin Kun Wu
** Ali Kazim
** Nicolas Bro

### Best Actress in a Supporting Role

* Charlotte Fich
** Tuva Novotny
** Anne Sophie Byder
** Pernille Valentin Brandt

### Best American Film

* A History of Violence
** Brokeback Mountain
** Broken Flowers
** Good Night and Good Luck
** Sideways

### Best Non-American Film

* Der Untergang
** Sophie Scholl – The Final Days
** Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter... and Spring
** Vera Drake, Mike Leigh
** Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit

### Best Cinematographer

* Manuel Claro – Allegro and Dark Horse

### Bodil Special Award

* Kim Foss and Andreas Steinmann for NatFilm Festival
# Northaven Trail Bridge

The Northaven Trail Bridge, or the Low Five, is an elevated pedestrian bridge located on the Northaven Trail in Dallas, Texas.

## History

The bridge was brought up in early 2021 as part of an expansion to the Northaven Trail that would connect with the larger Dallas trail system. Funds for the project were put at $9.3 million. On May 8, 2021, groundbreaking on the bridge commenced, and construction began.

## Description

The bridge has traditional bridge design, and the elevated portion of the bridge is located above U.S. Route 75. It is the world's only net-tied arch bridge with a doubly-curved deck and skewed supports. The bridge has a structural weight of 800,000 pounds, and can withstand a maximum load of approximately 445,000 pounds. The bridge has been called the "Low Five", due to it connecting five trails. The bridge spirals downward after crossing U.S. Route 75, looping back under itself before merging with the sidewalk below. A small parking lot is located in between the spiral.
# Tapak Suci

Tapak Suci Putera Muhammadiyah (lit. 'Sacred Palm, Sons of Muhammadiyah'), shortened as Tapak Suci, is an autonomous pencak silat martial arts organization of Muhammadiyah, the modernist, second largest Muslim organization in Indonesia. Tapak Suci is one of the ten 'historic schools' of IPSI (Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia, or Pencak Silat Association of Indonesia), the leading organization of pencak silat in Indonesia.
The silat school was founded and made an official part of Muhammadiyah on July 31, 1963 in Yogyakarta and has since spread nationwide within the organization. The silat masters and practitioners in Muhammadiyah were concerned about the threatening situation confronting their members at that time, especially from various mass organizations that belonged to the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI).
Tapak Suci trains its members in physical silat techniques and breathing exercises. The school, however, does not teach body invulnerability (ilmu kebal, which is taught by some more traditional silat schools), as it opposes cults and considers them shirk.
As an autonomously managed part of Muhammadiyah, the martial arts school is open to membership not only of Muslims but to anyone interested, either in Indonesia or overseas chapters.