OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gain scheduling

In control theory, gain scheduling is an approach to control of nonlinear systems that uses a family of linear controllers, each of which provides satisfactory control for a different operating point of the system.
One or more observable variables, called the scheduling variables, are used to determine what operating region the system is currently in and to enable the appropriate linear controller. For example, in an aircraft flight control system, the altitude and Mach number might be the scheduling variables, with different linear controller parameters available (and automatically plugged into the controller) for various combinations of these two variables. In brief, gain scheduling is a control design approach that constructs a nonlinear controller for a nonlinear plant by patching together a collection of linear controllers.
A relatively large scope state of the art about gain scheduling has been published in (Survey of Gain-Scheduling Analysis & Design, D.J.Leith, WE.Leithead).
Recently, new methodologies using Machine learning, such as Adaptive control based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Reinforcement Learning, have been studied.
# Nemika Sultan

Emine Nemika Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: امینه نميقه سلطان; "benign, trustworthy" and "graceful"; 9 March 1888 – 6 September 1969) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Şehzade Mehmed Selim, son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.

## Early life

Nemika Sultan was born on 9 March 1888 in the Yıldız Palace. Her father was Şehzade Mehmed Selim, and her mother was Iryale Hanım, the daughter of Hassan Ali Marshan and Fatma Horecan Aredba. Her mother was the sister of Nazikeda Kadın, first wife of Sultan Mehmed VI. She was the second child and only daughter of her parents. She had an elder brother Şehzade Mehmed who died young and a paternal younger half-brother, Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkerim. She was the granddaughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Bedrifelek Kadın.
In March 1898, she attended the wedding of her aunt Naime Sultan, daughter of Abdul Hamid II and Bidar Kadın, and Mehmed Kemaleddin Pasha, son of Gazi Osman Pasha. During the ceremonial occasion, she sat with her aunts Şadiye Sultan and Hamide Ayşe Sultan.
Nemika's mother died in 1904, when she was sixteen years old.

## Marriage

Nemika Sultan married Ali Kenan Isin Bey on 22 June 1911 in the Yıldız Palace. The couple was given Göztepe Palace as their residence. She gave birth to the couple's first child, a daughter, Fatma Fethiye Hanımsultan on 13 November 1912. Three years later, on 14 September 1915, she gave birth to her second child, a son, Sultanzade Ibrahim in the Göztepe Palace. Four years later, on 1 March 1920, she gave birth to her third child, a son, Sultanzade Kazim in the Göztepe Palace. Her husband was Turkey's first mining engineer to study abroad.
At the exile of imperial family in March 1924, Nemika and her family settled in Paris, France, where she gave birth to her fourth and last child, a daughter Emine Satia Hanımsultan on 15 January 1927. They later moved to Tripoli, Lebanon. Here her husband, Ali Kenan served as the mayor of Tripoli. She was widowed at Ali Kenan's death in 1962.

## Death

In 1952, the exile for princesses was revocated and Nemika returned to Turkey after widowed, and settled in Bostancı district in Istanbul. She died on 6 September 1969 at the age of eighty-one, and was buried in the mausoleum of Şehzade Ahmed Kemaleddin, located in Yahya Efendi Cemetery, Istanbul.

## Honours

* Order of the House of Osman
* Order of the Medjidie, Jeweled
* Order of Charity, 1st Class

## Issue

| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
| By Ali Kenan Isin Bey (married 22 June 1911; 1 November 1882 – 4 April 1961) ||||
| Fatma Fethiye Hanımsultan | 13 November 1912 | 20 April 1998 | Born in Göztepe Palace; Married and had issue; Died in Beirut, Lebanon, and buried there; |
| Sultanzade Ibrahim Bey | 14 September 1915 | 21 June 1969 | Born in Göztepe Palace; Married and had issue; Died in Beirut, Lebanon, and buried there; |
| Sultanzade Kazim Bey | 1 March 1920 | 15 May 2003 | Born in Göztepe Palace; Married and had issue; Died in Beirut, Lebanon, and buried there; |
| Emine Satia Hanımsultan | 15 January 1927 | 6 June 2003 | Born in Paris, France; Married without issue; Died in Istanbul, Turkey, and buried there; |

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Nemika Sultan :
# Igor Marković

Igor Marković (born 16 December 1981) is a Montenegrin former handball player.
Marković was a member of Montenegro national handball team since it was established in 2007. Today, he is a player with most played official games for Montenegro (49) and a fourth top scorer in the national team history, with 125 goals.

## Career

Marković started his career in the youth teams of Cepelin Cetinje and Lovćen Cetinje. During his professional career, he played for Montenegrin clubs Lovćen Cetinje and Budućnost Podgorica. As of autumn 2013, he played for the Kuwaitian side AlQurine at the Arab Champions League.
With the Montenegrin national team, Igor Marković played at the World Championship 2013 and the Euro 2014. He is the player with most official games for Montenegro and the fourth top scorer in the national team's history.
| Tournament | Matches | Goals |
| World Championship | 7 | 22 |
| European Championship | 3 | 11 |
| Qualifying matches EC/WC | 39 | 92 |
| Overall | 49 | 125 |

## Awards and accomplishments
### Club

RK Lovćen
* Montenegrin League: 2006–07, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013-14
* Serbia and Montenegro Cup: 2002-03
* Winner of the Montenegrin Cup: 2008–09, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14
RK Budućnost
* Montenegrin League: 2009–10

### Individual

* Best handball player in Montenegro: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
# Sören von Rönne

Sören von Rönne (born 13 July 1962) is a German former equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Orguse, Rapla County

Orguse is a village in Rapla Parish, Rapla County in northwestern Estonia. Between 1991 and 2017 (until the administrative reform of Estonian municipalities) the village was located in Juuru Parish.
# Copper Creek Guard Station

The Copper Creek Guard Station was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1935. It is located in a very remote area, near Black Canyon City, Arizona, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993 for its architecture. It was designed by the USDA Forest Service in Bungalow/Craftsman style. It served historically as a camp and as a government office. The NRHP listing included two contributing buildings on 4 acres (1.6 ha).
In the 1920s and 1930s, Forest Service employees often traveled many miles from local ranger stations to forest work sites. Since the forest road networks were not well developed, getting to a job site meant a long trek, carrying all the equipment needed to perform the fieldwork. This made it impractical for employees to make daily round trips. To facilitate work at remote sites, the Forest Service built guard stations at strategic locations throughout the forest to house fire patrols and project crews.
After World War II, the Forest Service greatly expanded its road network, allowing employees to get to most National Forest areas within a few hours. As a result, guard stations lost their utility. The Forest Service found new uses for some stations, but most were demolished or abandoned.
In the 1990s, historic preservation groups, with the support of Forest Service employees, began pressing National Forest managers to preserve the remaining structures. To finance the preservation effort, the Forest Service started renting its guard stations to the public. It later began renting out many unused fire lookout towers as well.
Its Bungalow style was of the architecture adopted most widely by the USFS architects of the region.
# Hubbardsville, New York

Hubbardsville is a hamlet within the town of Hamilton, Madison County, New York, United States. The community is 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of Hamilton. Hubbardsville has a post office with ZIP code 13355.

## Notable people from Hubbardsville

* Welcome Chapman - Utah pioneer, stone cutter and early leader in the LDS Church.
# Dalton Township Bridge

The Dalton Township Bridge is a historic bridge over an unnamed stream on 446th Avenue in rural Turner County, South Dakota, north of Marion. Built in 1936, it is one of a modest number of bridges surviving in the county that was built with New Deal funding. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

## Description and history

The Dalton Township Bridge is located in rural northwestern Turner County, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Marion. It carries 446th Avenue, a rural dirt road, across an unnamed stream between 271st and 272nd Streets, a short way south of its crossing of the West Fork Vermilion River. It is a small double-arch stone structure, with two arches each 10 feet (3.0 m) in length and 4 feet (1.2 m) in height. A headwall rises above the arch on each side, and extends into angled wing walls. It is built out of local split fieldstone, mostly granite and gneiss, with crudely shaped voussoirs.
This bridge is one of 180 stone arch bridges built in Turner County as part of a New Deal-era federal jobs program. The county administration was able to build stone bridges at a lower cost than then-conventional steel beam bridges because of the availability of experienced stone workers, and the federal subsidy to the wages they were paid. The county was responsible for supervising the work crews and providing the building materials. This bridge was built in 1936 by a county crew to a standardized state design.
# Petr Čtvrtníček

Petr Čtvrtníček (born 5 April 1964 in Prague) is a Czech actor and comedian.

## Selected filmography

* Kouř (1991)
* Fany (1995)
* Tomík (1997)
* Mazaný Filip (2003)
* Ivánku, kamaráde, můžeš mluvit? aneb Tak to mi ho teda vyndej (2005)
* Obsluhoval jsem anglického krále (2006)
* František je děvkař (2008)
* Anděl Páně 2 (2016)
* Pohádky pro Emu (2016)

### TV series

* Česká soda (1993)
* Gynekologie 2 (2007)
* Alles Gute (2009)
* Autobazar Monte Karlo (2015)
* Přístav (2015)
* Krejzovi (2018)

### Voice

* Kuky se vrací (2010)
* Lajka (2017)
# EG

Eg or EG may refer to:

## In arts and media

* E.G. (EP), an EP by Goodshirt
* EG (magazine), a journal dedicated to chess endgame studies
* Eg White (born 1966), a British musician, songwriter and producer
* E.G. Records, a music record label
* Electric Gardens, a music festival in Faversham, UK
* My Little Pony: Equestria Girls, an American toy line and media franchise by Hasbro

## Businesses and organizations

* EG Group, British operator of filling stations
* Enskilda Gymnasiet, a private secondary school in Stockholm, Sweden
* Eurographics, European Association for Computer Graphics
* Evil Geniuses, an electronic sports team
* Japan Asia Airways (IATA code EG)

## Places

* Egypt, a country in Northern Africa
* Eg, Afghanistan, a town
* Eg (Kristiansand), a neighbourhood in Kristiansand, Norway
* Eg River, a river in northern Mongolia
* Batshireet, a sum (district) in Mongolia, also known as Eg
* Equatorial Guinea, a small African country

## In science and technology

* .eg, Internet country code top-level domain for Egypt
* Envelope generator, used in synthesizers
* Ethylene glycol, an alcohol
* Exagram (Eg), an SI unit of mass
* Band gap energy, an energy range in a solid in which no electron states can exist

## Other uses

* Evangelisches Gesangbuch, hymnal of many German language Protestant congregations
* EG, a model code for the 5th generation Honda Civic
* eingetragene Genossenschaft (eG), a registered cooperative society under German law
* e.g., abbreviation for exempli gratia, a Latin phrase meaning "for example"
# Bogdan Petričević

Bogdan Petričević (born 6 September 1989) is a Montenegrin handball player who plays for RK Lovćen and the Montenegrin national team.
# Korea–Mexico Friendship Hospital

The Korea–Mexico Friendship Hospital (Spanish: Hospital de la Amistad Corea-México; Korean: 한·멕 우정병원) is a hospital in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. It first opened on July 6, 2005.
It was established as part of commemorations for the 100th anniversary of Koreans arriving in Mexico. Land was provided by the Mexican government for the construction of the hospital. The South Korean government invested around US$1 million for the construction of the hospital. The hospital has since continued to receive hundreds of thousands of dollars in donations, as well as equipment from the South Korean government.
It has since become a notable hospital for treating children in the region, and played a significant role in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Pathik Vats

Pathik Vats also known as U. S. Pathik and Umashankar Pathik is an Indian film maker and writer. He was born in Patauda - a village in Haryana. Later his family moved to Delhi. He graduated from Ramjas College of the University of Delhi.
Pathik started his career as an assistant director to filmmaker Mrinal Sen for his film Genesis starring Nasserudin Shah, Om Puri and Shabana Azmi. Pathik also wrote the dialogues with Mr. S.P. Singh for this Indo-French project which was in the official selection of Festival de Cannes.
Pathik was honored in the Filmfare Awards in the best dialogues category for Aamir Khan's blockbuster Sarfarosh. He was also the associate director of Sarfarosh. Pathik was also nominated for Screen Awards, International Indian Film Academy, Sansui and Zee Cine Awards in the Best Dialogue.
His other films as a dialogue writer include Mazhab, Qayamat: City Under Threat, Kannad film Cyanide, Teesri Aankh: The Hidden Camera, and Khushboo.
He was honored by the Maharashtra State Hindi Academy and Kavi Pradeep Foundation for his documentary film Chal Akela for Doordarshan which was on the life of 'Kavi Pradeep' who penned the iconic song "Aye mere watan ke logo".
Recently, Pathik wrote the dialogue for Chaar Sahibzaade 3D.
# Declaration to the Seven

The Declaration to the Seven was a document written by Sir Mark Sykes, approved by Charles Hardinge, the Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office and released on June 16, 1918, in response to a memorandum issued anonymously by seven Syrian notables in Cairo that included members of the soon to be formed Syrian Unity Party, established in the wake of the Balfour Declaration and the November 23, 1917, publication by the Bolsheviks of the secret May 1916 Sykes–Picot Agreement between Britain and France. The memorandum requested a "guarantee of the ultimate independence of Arabia". The Declaration stated the British policy that the future government of the regions of the Ottoman Empire occupied by Allies of World War I "should be based upon the principle of the consent of the governed".

## Significance of the Declaration

The Declaration to the Seven is notable as the first British pronouncement to the Arabs advancing the principle of national self-determination. Although the British sought to secure their position by adopting the Wilsonian doctrine of Woodrow Wilson, neither Britain nor France was prepared to implement their promises to the Arabs nor to abdicate the position won by victory over the Ottoman Empire.
The document was not widely publicised. The Declaration may explain the action of General Edmund Allenby, who ordered a halt to the advance after the rout of Turkish forces outside Damascus and allowed the city to be captured by Arab forces in September 1918 after the Battle of Megiddo acting on instructions from London, thus bolstering the Arab claim to the independence of Syria whilst simultaneously undermining the French claims to the territory under the terms of the Sykes–Picot Agreement.

## The Seven

* Rafiq al-Azm;
* Sheikh Kamal al-Qassab;
* Mukhtar al-Sulh;
* Abdul Rahman Shahbandar;
* Khaled al-Hakim;
* Fauzi al-Bakri (brother of Nasib al-Bakri, both members of Al-Fatat);
* Hasan Himadeh.
# Clifton upon Teme

Clifton upon Teme is a village and civil parish in the Malvern Hills district in the county of Worcestershire, England. In 2021 the parish had a population of 871.

## Amenities

Named after the River Teme which runs nearby, it has a village shop, parish church (dedicated to Saint Kenelm), nursery and primary school, village hall, veterinary surgery, garage and two pubs, the New Inn and the Lion.

## Notable features

There are two grade II* buildings in Clifton upon Teme: the parish church of St Kenelm, and Woodmanton Farmhouse. and further 44 grade II listed buildings or structures. Located outside the village at the bottom of the escarpment (and close to the river Teme), but within the parish is Ham Castle Farm which is the location of three grade II listed buildings and one other grade II structure. Close to it are the earthworks remains of Ham Castle.

## History

The village is an excellent example of an Anglo-Saxon settlement overlooking the River Teme, situated on the ancient salt route that led from Droitwich to Leominster.
The earliest surviving mention of the village is in the Latin charter of King Athelstan, granting it to the monks of St. Peter's Monastery in Worcester in 934 AD when it was referred to as Clistun ultra Tame.
During the time of the wars with the Welsh, the manor of Clifton became established and was granted Royal Borough status by Edward III of England in 1377, allowing it to hold a weekly market on Thursdays and an annual four-day fair. The original manor house, built around 1200 on the site of the present Lion Inn, eventually came to be used as a hostelry for travellers en route between Worcester and Tenbury Wells.
Clifton-upon-Teme was in the upper division of Doddingtree Hundred.
Following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 Clifton-upon-Teme Parish ceased to be responsible for maintaining the poor in its parish. This responsibility was transferred to Martley Poor Law Union.
# Jordi Juvanteny

Jordi Juvanteny (born 6 April 1960) is a Spanish rally raid driver who specializes in the truck category.
Juvanteny has 32 participations in the Dakar Rally, and from 1995 to 2021, he participated with the Andalusian José Luis Criado as co-pilot (resuming the partnership in 2023), who with 33 participations is the Spaniard with the most presences in the Dakar Rally, surpassing in one participation to Xavi Foj and Juvanteny himself, and two participations to Rafa Tibau Sr. He is the winner of the 2024 and 2025 Dakar Rally in the Mission 1000 category.

## Career

Juvanteny first participated in the Dakar Rally in 1991. Juvanteny and Criado have 16 victories in the 6x6 category and 4 victories in Production (series trucks). In 2023, they participated with a truck partially powered by hydrogen, becoming the first hydrogen-powered truck to finish the Dakar Rally. Juvanteny returned to the Dakar Rally in 2024 alongside Criado and Xavier Ribas, this time in the Mission 1000 category. With this category, he won his first stage in the third stage. Having held the overall lead from then on, Juvanteny became the inaugural event winner in the Mission 1000 category. In 2025, Juvanteny won the Dakar Rally again in his category.
# Nasim Adabi

Nasim Adabi (Persian: نسیم ادبی, born September 8, 1976) is an Iranian actress. She is best known for her roles in Shahrzad (2015–2018) and Golshifteh (2018). She has received various accolades, including a Fajr International Theater Festival Award, in addition to nomination for a Hafez Award.

## Filmography

| Name | Director | Year |
| Killing a Traitor | Masoud Kimiai | 2022 |
| Hotel New Moon | Takefumi Tsutsui | 2019 |
| Dear Brother | Mohammad Reza Ahang | 2019 |
| A Man without a Shadow | Alireza Raisian | 2019 |
| Ashoftegi | Fereydoun Jeyrani | 2019 |
| Zahr-e Mar | Javad Razavian | 2019 |
| Aghigh | Behrang Tofighi | 2019 |
| Taghbaz | Shahram Asadzadeh | 2018 |
| Golshifteh | Behrouz Shoaybi | 2018 |
| Shahrzad | Hassan Fathi | 2015 |
| Mo'ammaye shah | Mohammad Reza Varzi | 2015 |
| Green Ring | Ebrahim Hatamikia | 2008 |

## Awards and nominations

* Best Actor in Fajr Theatre Festival 2016
* Best Actor in Fajr Theatre Festival 2015
* Best Actor in Fajr Theatre Festival 2011
* Best Actor in Fajr Theatre Festival 2009
* Award for best actress for playing in "Puppet called Scarek" from student festival, 2002
* Award for best actor for playing in "Puppet called Scarek" from The Festival of The Bar, 2002
* Award for best actress for playing in "Acacalaureate" screening from Ardabil Festival, 1996
* Hafez Statue tteyz received best tv comedy actress from 19th Hafez Celebration for Golshifteh Collection 2019
# Mladen Rakčević

Mladen Rakčević (born 10 February 1982) is a Montenegrin former handball player.

## Career

During his career, Rakčević played for Lovćen (2000–2005), Vardar (2005–2009), Kolubara (2009–2010), Metalurg Skopje (2010–2013), AEK Athens (2013–2014), HCM Constanța (2014–2015) and Dobrogea Sud Constanța (2015–2018).
At international level, Rakčević represented Montenegro at the 2013 World Men's Handball Championship. He also participated in two European Championships (2008 and 2014).

## Honours
### Lovćen

* Handball League of FR Yugoslavia: 2000–01

### Vardar

* Macedonian Handball Super League: 2006–07, 2008–09
* Macedonian Handball Cup: 2006–07, 2007–08

### Kolubara

* Serbian Handball Super League: 2009–10
* Serbian Handball Cup: 2009–10

### Metalurg Skopje

* Macedonian Handball Super League: 2010–11, 2011–12
* Macedonian Handball Cup: 2010–11, 2012–13

### AEK Athens

* Greek Men's Handball Cup: 2013–14

### Dobrogea Sud Constanța

* Cupa României: 2017–18