OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matsushita clan

The Matsushita clan (松下氏, Matsushita-shi) was a samurai family originating from Matsushita Township in Bikai District, Mikawa Province (modern-day Masuzuka District, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, on the west bank of the Yahagi River). The clan is believed to have descended from the Imagawa clan (今川氏). While not a dominant force in Japanese history, the Matsushita clan was known for producing capable samurai and military leaders, particularly during the Sengoku period. The clan played a significant role as retainers to larger feudal lords and left a lasting cultural and military legacy.

## Origins and Lineage

The name "Matsushita" is believed to have been adopted by Saijo Takanaga, a member of the monastic community of Mount Hiei. Takanaga left the religious life, settled in Matsushita-go in Bikai District at the end of the Kamakura period, and took the name Matsushita. The clan's relocation to this region marked the beginning of their established presence in Mikawa Province.

## Sengoku Period and Military Prominence

The Matsushita clan gained prominence during the Sengoku period (1467–1615), a time of widespread conflict and social upheaval in Japan. One of the most notable figures of the clan was Matsushita no Tsuna, who served Toyotomi Hideyoshi during his youth. Tsuna later became a daimyō, ruling Toe Kuno Castle in Mikawa Province with a domain of 16,000 koku. His strategic importance in regional conflicts made the Matsushita clan a recognized name during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Throughout history, several other members of the Matsushita clan served under the Tokugawa shogunate. Matsushita Kiyokage, the stepfather of famed Tokugawa vassal Ii Naomasa, and Matsushita Yasutsuna were notable retainers. Kiyokage's descendants served as the patriarchs of the Echigo Yoita clan. Another branch descended from Tsugizuna, Tsuna's younger brother, served in the Tosa Yamauchi family, continuing their influence in the Tosa domain (modern-day Kochi Prefecture).
Additionally, a branch of the Matsushita family, descended from Matsushita Naganori, served as retainers to the Ogino Yamanaka Domain in present-day Kanagawa Prefecture. Matsushita Yunobu, from this line, became a notable figure at the end of the Edo period. His descendants remain in Atsugi City.

## Legacy

Although the Matsushita clan never achieved the heights of Japan's most powerful samurai families, they played a pivotal role in regional politics, military strategy, and cultural heritage. The family's legacy continues through various branches and descendants who have carried on the Matsushita name into the modern era.
Today, the Matsushita name is most famously associated with Konosuke Matsushita, the founder of Panasonic. However, there is no confirmed direct connection between the industrialist's family and the historic Matsushita samurai clan.
# Renal papillary necrosis

Renal papillary necrosis is a form of nephropathy involving the necrosis of the renal papilla. Lesions that characterize renal papillary necrosis come from an impairment of the blood supply and from subsequent ischemic necrosis that is diffuse.

## Signs and symptoms

Symptoms (and signs) consistent with renal papillary necrosis are:
* Back pain
* Cloudy urine
* Tissue pieces (in urine)
* Fever
* Painful/frequent urination
* Urinary incontinence

## Causes

In terms of cause, almost any condition that involves ischemia can lead to renal papillary necrosis. A mnemonic for the causes of renal papillary necrosis is POSTCARDS: pyelonephritis, obstruction of the urogenital tract, sickle cell disease, tuberculosis, cirrhosis of the liver, analgesia/alcohol use disorder, renal vein thrombosis, diabetes mellitus, and systemic vasculitis. Often, a patient with renal papillary necrosis will have numerous conditions acting synergistically to bring about the disease.
Analgesic nephropathy is a common cause of renal papillary necrosis. The risk is higher for phenacetin (which was withdrawn from market in the United States) and paracetamol (acetaminophen) compared to aspirin and other NSAIDs.

## Pathophysiology

This condition is due to ischemia of the renal papillae, the portion of the kidney that collects urine from the nephron. The papillae are vulnerable to ischemia as they are supplied by small caliber arteries which are liable to obstruction. All of the underlying causes of papillary necrosis cause diminished flow through these arteries, either through direct mechanical obstruction (sickle cell), obstruction secondary to inflammation (vasculitides), or vasoconstriction (NSAIDs). Papillary necrosis is more likely to develop when multiple of these underlying factors are present. Ultimately, necrosis of the papillae results in sloughing into the lumen, causing hematuria. If the degree of necrosis is substantial post-renal failure may occur, though this is uncommon.

## Diagnosis

Individuals with renal papillary necrosis due to excess use of analgesic have an elevated risk of epithelial tumors, hence a urine cytology exam is useful. In terms of imaging this condition can be identified by retrograde pyelography (RGP). The diagnosis of renal papillary necrosis is therefore done via:
* Urinalysis
* Blood cell count
* Urine cytology study
* Imaging study (with intravenous contrast)
* Cystoscopy
* Ureteroscopy

## Treatment

Treatment of renal papillary necrosis is supportive, any obstruction (ureteral) can be dealt with via stenting. This condition is not linked to a higher possibility of kidney failure. Control of infection is important, thus antimicrobial treatment is begun, so as to avert surgery (should the infection not respond).
# Simhadriya Simha

Simhadriya Simha (transl. The Lion of Simhadri) is a 2002 Indian Kannada-language action drama film directed by S. Narayan. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Meena and Bhanupriya. The music of the film was composed by Deva. The film was a remake of the 1994 Tamil film Nattamai.
Vishnuvardhan played triple role in this movie.

## Plot

The story revolves around Narasimhe Gowda (Vishnuvardhan), who is the chieftain for a group of 48 villages. He is the man with the strength of an elephant and who rules the Simhadri village as a lion rules his kingdom. The sincerity and the wisdom in the judgement makes the people go to Narasimha for justice and not the police. one of the relative of Narasimha Gowda Shobraj, rapes a girl and is banished from the village for 18 years. He also has to marry the girl according to the judgement by the Gowda. Such a harsh judgement makes Shobraj's father kill Narasimhe Gowda. The throne is ascended by the elder son of Narasimha Gowda, who is also portrayed by Vishnuvardhan as a just and powerful ruler. Things take a turn after 18 years when the Simhadriya Simha family has to undergo a similar situation. Due to a twist of fate, Gowda has to decide his brother Chikka's (again played by Vishnuvardhan) fate. The judgement - Chikka is ordered to leave the village for 10 years. Truth is unveiled when Shobraj's mother reveals the involvement of her son in falsely implicating Chikka. The stage is then set for a perfect climax.

## Cast

* Vishnuvardhan in a triple role as
** Jr.Gowda
** Chikkanna
** Narasimha Gowda
* Meena as Deepa, Chikkanna's wife (voice dubbed by Sudharani)
* Bhanupriya as Lakshmi, Jr.Gowda's wife
* Shivaram
* M. S. Umesh
* Shobhraj
* Abhijeeth
* Umashri
* Mukhyamantri Chandru
* Sundar Raj
* Keertiraj
* Ruchita Prasad
* Rekha Das
* Vijay Kumar as Lakshmi's Brother
* Sirija

## Production

The film finished production work in April 2002.

## Soundtrack

The film's soundtrack was composed by Deva with lyrics penned by the director S. Narayan himself. The song "Kotha Paakum" from the original Tamil film Nattamai was retained here as "Malnad Adike". The song "Priya Priya" was from the original Tamil film "Kattabomman". Deva later reused "Kalladare Naanu" as "Poove Mudhal" in Tamil film Kadhal Kirukkan.
| Track# | Song | Singer(s) |
| 1 | "Barthanavva" | S.P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chitra, Rajesh Krishnan, Sangeeta Gururaj |
| 2 | "Kallaadare Naanu" | S.P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| 3 | "Malnad Adike" | Rajesh Krishnan, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sangeeta Gururaj |
| 4 | "Priya Priya" | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chandrika Gururaj |
| 5 | "Simhadriya" | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| 6 | "Yajamaana" | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |

## Reception

The film received positive reviews. Vishnuvardhan's acting was said to be the highlight of the film.
The film became a hit in Karnataka and completed 25 successful weeks in the theaters. It created craze among the audience and songs like Malnad Adike, Priya Priya and Simhaadriya Simha, all sung by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam were huge hits and were regularly played at functions, shows etc.
# Tutuala Administrative Post

Tutuala, officially Tutuala Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Tutuala, Tetum: Postu administrativu Tutuala), is an administrative post in Lautém municipality, East Timor. Its seat or administrative centre is the village and suco of Tutuala.
# Pytt Geddes

Gerda ("Pytt") Geddes (born Gerda Meyer Bruun; 17 July 1917 – 4 March 2006) was responsible for bringing tai chi to the UK. She taught classes at The Place in London.
She was born in Bergen, Norway, the daughter of Gerdt Henrik Meyer Bruun, a successful businessman and politician who served in the Norwegian government as Minister of Trade. During World War II, she joined the Norwegian resistance movement.
After she and David Geddes married in 1948, they moved to Shanghai, where she discovered tai chi. Soon after, the People's Liberation Army took power there. Around 1951, they were able to move to Hong Kong, where she studied tai chi with Choy Hawk Pang, and then with his son Choy Kam Man.
She became a friend of Benjamin Britten and Peter Pears.
She studied psychology in the US and underwent Reichian analysis in Oslo.

## Selected publications

* Geddes, Gerda (1991). Looking for the Golden Needle: An Allegorical Journey. MannaMedia. ISBN 978-1872606019.
# Boris Martinec

Boris Martinec (born 27 November 1988, in Zagreb) is a Croatian former competitive figure skater. He is the 2006 Merano Cup bronze medalist and a seven-time (2004, 2005, 2007–11) Croatian national champion. He qualified to the free skate at the 2007 European Championships in Warsaw and 2009 European Championships in Helsinki.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2009–10 | Grease by Jim Jacobs, Warren Casey | The Blues Brothers |
| 2008–09 | Grease | Variations on The Pink Panther Theme by Henry Mancini |
| 2007–08 | The Godfather by Nino Rota performed by Guns N' Roses | Variations on The Pink Panther Theme by Henry Mancini |
| 2006–07 | The Godfather by Nino Rota | The Unforgiven by Apocalyptica performed by Metallica |
| 2005–06 | Path by Apocalyptica | The Matrix Reloaded by Don Davis The Lord of the Rings by Howard Shore |
| 2003–05 | Soul and Drums by Harper | The Matrix Reloaded by Don Davis The Lord of the Rings by Howard Shore |

## Competitive highlights

International :
| Event | 01–02 | 02–03 | 03–04 | 04–05 | 05–06 | 06–07 | 07–08 | 08–09 | 09–10 | 10–11 |
| Worlds | | | | | | 38th | 28th | 41st | 29th | |
| Europeans | | | | | 33rd | 22nd | | 23rd | 26th | |
| Golden Spin | | | | 17th | 23rd | 8th | | 16th | 11th | 10th |
| Merano Cup | | | | | | 3rd | | | | |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | | | | | | | | 26th | |
| Nepela Memorial | | | | | | | | 19th | WD | |
| Schäfer Memorial | | | | | | | | 9th | | |
| Universiade | | | | | | | | 14th | | WD |
| International: Junior |||||||||||
| Junior Worlds | | | | 18th Q | 16th Q | 21st | 35th | | | |
| JGP Croatia | | | 16th | | 21st | | | | | |
| JGP Czech Rep. | | | | | | 18th | | | | |
| JGP Slovakia | | | | | 17th | | | | | |
| Golden Bear | | 5th N | 10th J | 1st J | 3rd J | | 3rd J | | | |
| Grand Prize SNP | | 1st N | 4th J | | | | | | | |
| Triglav Trophy | | | | | 4th J | | | | | |
| Mladost Trophy | | | 5th N | | | | | | | |
| National |||||||||||
| Croatian Champ. | 4th | 3rd | 1st | 1st | | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
| Levels: N = Novice; J = Junior JGP = Junior Grand Prix; Q = Qualifying round |||||||||||
# Cockle Creek railway station

Cockle Creek railway station is located on the Main Northern line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the City of Lake Macquarie suburb of Boolaroo. The station is on the eastern side of Cockle Creek and a balloon loop exists west of the creek for the Teralba Colliery.

## History

The station opened on 15 August 1887. It was rebuilt on its present site in 1957 when a new bridge was built immediately south of the station. The station buildings were demolished in March 1993.
The station originally opened with 4 platforms (two side, one island), with the southern track pair being part of the Main Northern Line and the northern track pair part of the former privately owned Caledonian Collieries railway line to West Wallsend, Seahampton, Killingworth, Barnsley and the now vanished town of Fairley, which joined the government line at Cockle Creek. This line carried mixed traffic, including passenger and freight trains, but was largely used for coal traffic until the last working mine, West Wallsend Extended Colliery at Killingworth was closed during an industrial slump in 1962. The freight lines were also used for coal trains from the Northern Rhondda Colliery on a separately owned private line adjacent to the Caledonian Railways line. The Rhondda Colliery line would later turn into the Hunter Railway Museum line before its exhibits were relocated to Dorrigo.
Although the area surrounding the railway station was once an industrial area, the eventual station's isolation has led to low patronage (getting just 20 passengers a day in 2013). A large Bunnings Warehouse store opened across the road from the station in 2015, and a new residential development immediately south of the station is finishing completion, but when the large Bunnings store opened, a large roundabout was installed at the nearby intersection, making the pedestrian access to the station dangerous and inconvenient.

## Platforms and services

Cockle Creek has two side platforms. It is serviced by NSW TrainLink Central Coast & Newcastle Line services travelling from Sydney Central to Newcastle.
| Platform | Line | Stopping pattern | Notes |
| 1 | CCN | services to Gosford & Sydney Central | |
| 2 | CCN | services to Newcastle | |
* Entrance to carpark and Platform 1
* Platform 1 Southbound
* Platform 2 Northbound

## Transport links

Hunter Valley Buses operates two bus routes via Cockle Creek station, under contract to Transport for NSW:
* 270: Newcastle University to Toronto West
* 271: Stockland Glendale to Toronto
Newcastle Transport operates one bus route via Cockle Creek station, under contract to Transport for NSW:
* 44: Warners Bay to Kotara via Glendale, Cardiff & Macquarie Hills
# 2008 Longnan riot

The 2008 Longnan riot was a protest that turned into a riot involving thousands of people in Longnan, Gansu, People's Republic of China.

## Cause

The state media did not explain the source of the unrest, though local residents said many protesters were angered by the government's decision to transfer its offices to a wealthier city. Residents in Longnan said the disturbances there were fueled by economic distress, unchecked corruption and a lack of transparency by the local Communist Party.

## Riot

A crowd of about 1,000 - 2,000 people attacked a government office in northwest Gansu province, smashing cars and beating up police and officials. The crowd eventually grew to 10,000 according to some sources. Armed police officers from the provincial capital used tear gas to subdue the rioters.

## Aftermath

Damages are estimated at more than five million yuan (US$731,000).
# The Robe (disambiguation)

The Robe is a 1942 novel about the crucifixion of Jesus.
The Robe may also refer to:
* The Robe (film), a 1953 Biblical epic film adaptation of the novel
* The Robe (album), a 1997 album by the hard rock band Ten
** The Robe (EP), a 1997 EP by Ten, the title song on Ten's eponymous album
* "The Robe" (Northern Exposure), a 1994 television episode
# Maria Clotilde of Naples and Sicily

Princess Maria Clotilde of Naples and Sicily (Italian: Maria Clotilda Teresa Amelia Antonietta Giovanna Battista Anna Gaetana Pulcheria; 18 February 1786 – 10 September 1792) was a member of the House of Bourbon in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. She was styled Princess of Naples and Sicily.

## Early life

Maria Clotilde was born in Naples. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son and ninth child of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was the Archduchess of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptised during the first year of her life. Her full name was Maria Clotilda Teresa Amelia Antonietta Giovanna Battista Anna Gaetana Pulcheria. She was born and died while her father was still styled Duke of Calabria. She was then styled Princess of Naples and Sicily. Her older siblings included Maria Theresa, namesake of her grandmother, born in 1772; Maria Luisa, born in 1773 and Carlo, Duke of Calabria, born in 1775, who also died in childhood; Francis, born in 1777 and Maria Amalia, born in 1782.

## Death

Both Maria Clotilde and her sister Maria Henrietta of Naples and Sicily were very sensible children with a very frail health. In the case of Maria Clotilde, this was the result of a cold in 1786, when the princess was just a few days old. In 1789, Maria Clotide caught smallpox from her brothers, Prince Gennaro of Naples and Sicily and Carlo Gennaro. She then passed it on to her sister Maria Henrietta, but both recovered yet they remained very very frail and the smallpox returned to Maria Clotide in September 1792, who yet again passed it on to her sister, the two dying within ten days of each other.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Maria Clotilde of Naples and Sicily :
# Cricket Girls & Beer

Cricket Girls & Beer is a 2011 Indian Telugu-language coming-of-age film directed by Umesh Kumar and starring newcomers Aadarsh Balakrishna, Surya Tej, Naga Shaurya, and Sindhu Affan.

## Cast

* Aadarsh Balakrishna as Vijay
* Surya Tej as Vivek
* Naga Shaurya as Vikram
* Sindhu Affan as Swapna
* M. S. Narayana
* Surya
* Rajitha
* Vinod Kumar Alva
* Siva Reddy
* Raja Sridhar
* Narasimha Raju

## Production

This is the second venture of Umesh Kumar, who previously directed Circus Circus (2009). The film is set in a college campus and features several new faces including cricketer Aadarsh Balakrishna and Surya Tej, who played a supporting role in Vinayakudu.

## Soundtrack

Music by Das and Shyam Vai.

## Release and reception

The film was scheduled to release on 27 September, but was postponed to 30 September. Y. Sunitha Chowdhury of The Hindu opined that "He [Adarsh Balakrishna] and Surya Tej are resolutely superficial, Naga Shourya should try and be an original instead of imitating Prabhas and Mahesh Babu". A critic from Full Hyderabad opined that "In sum, this is a film that will not have takers even among TV channels".
# 113th United States Colored Infantry Regiment

Arkansas Union Regiments :
| Previous | Next |
| 57th United States Colored Infantry | 11th United States Colored Infantry |
The 113th United States Colored Infantry (formerly the 6th Arkansas Colored Infantry Regiment) was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863.

## Organization

The regiment was organized at Little Rock, Arkansas, June 25, 1864, from the 6th Arkansas Colored Infantry and assigned to the VII Corps (Union Army). The unit was later re-designated as the 113th United States Colored Infantry.

## Service

The regiment was attached to 1st Division, 7th Corps, Dept. of Arkansas, to January, 1865. The regiment was attached to Colored Brigade, 7th Corps, until February, 1865.
General Orders No. 14, Department of Arkansas, dated February 1, 1865, from Little Rock, included the 113th United States Colored Infantry is reported as belonging to the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division of the 7th Army Corps.
The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 7th Corps, until April 1865. The regiment was assigned to post and garrison duty at Little Rock, Ark., for its entire term of service.

## Consolidated

The regiment was consolidated with the 11th Regiment United States Colored Infantry (Old) and the 112th U.S. Colored Infantry on April 1, 1865. The 113th United States Colored Infantry were mustered out a year later, on April 9, 1866.
# Konstantinos Mavromichalis

Konstantinos Mavromichalis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μαυρομιχάλης; Mani, 1797–Nafplio, 1831), brother of the Bey of Mani, Petros Mavromichalis, was a Greek military commander of Maniot forces during the Greek War of Independence, and the assassin of the first head of state of Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias.
Along with Demetrios Ypsilantis, he commanded the forces that saved Nafplio from Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, during the Ottoman–Egyptian invasion of Mani. He participated and excelled in the battles of Valtetsi, Lerna Mills, Vergas, Diro, Polyaravos, and others. He served as a member of the Executive of 1824 in the First Hellenic Republic, from 9 November 1824 until 17 April 1826.
When two of his brothers, Ioannis and Petros, were captured by government forces under Kapodistrias, Konstantinos and Georgios Mavromichalis, Petros' son, decided to take revenge. On 27 September 1831, the two Maniots were waiting by the doors of the church of Saint Spyridon in Nafplio. Konstantinos shot Kapodistrias through the head and Georgios stabbed him through the heart. However, Konstantinos was shot and wounded by Georgios Kozonis, the one-eyed and one-handed Cretan bodyguard of Kapodistrias, while at the same time the enraged crowd rushed against him. He received the final shot from general Fotomaras, who shot him from a nearby house, causing him to fall down from his wounds. The angry mob gathered around him and began hitting him all over his body. A few minutes later he took his last breath, and people dragged his body to Platanos Square (now Syntagma Square) and threw him from the high walls of the fortress into the sea. Georgios took refuge in the French embassy, which protected him from the people who persecuted him, but was eventually forced to hand him over to the authorities for trial. Georgios was convicted of the crime and executed on 10 October.