OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1574 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1574.

## Events

* unknown dates
** Exercicio quotidiano, a religious manuscript in the Nahuatl language, is created.
** The Russian printer Ivan Fyodorov prints the second edition of his Apostolos and the first Azbuka (alphabet book) in Cyrillic script.

## Prose

* Jean-Antoine de Baïf – Etrenes de poezie Franzoeze an vers mezures
* Matthias Flacius et al. – Magdeburg Centuries
* Nicolás Monardes – Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales
* Elizabeth Tyrwhitt – Morning and Evening Prayers

## Poetry

* See 1574 in poetry

## Births

* September – Thomas Gataker, English theologian (died 1654)
* September 18 – Claudio Achillini, Italian philosopher, theologian and poet (died 1640)
* November 4 – Erycius Puteanus, Dutch philologist (died 1646)
* Unknown dates
** Richard Barnfield, English poet (died 1627)
** Nicolas Coeffeteau, French theologian, poet and historian (died 1623)
** John Day, English dramatist (died c. 1640)
** Paul Laymann, Austrian moralist (died 1635)
** Feng Menglong (馮夢龍), Chinese vernacular poet (died 1645)
** William Percy, English poet and playwright (died 1648)

## Deaths

* January 30 – Damião de Góis, Portuguese humanist philosopher (born 1502)
* April 17 – Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (born 1500)
* June 27 – Giorgio Vasari, artist and biographer of artists (born 1511)
* November 7 – Solomon Luria, Jewish legal author (born 1510)
* November 28 – Georg Major, German Lutheran theologian (born 1502)
* December 10 – Ascanio Condivi, biographer of Michelangelo (born 1525)
* Unknown dates
** Gáspár Heltai (Kaspar Helth), Transylvanian writer in German (born c. 1490)
** Paulus Manutius, Venetian printer (born 1512)
** Antonio Minturno, Italian poet and critic (born 1500)
** Cornelio Musso, Italian orator and writer (born 1511)
** Ioannes Sommerus, Saxon theologian (born 1542)
# Was (novel)

Was (or Was... in the UK edition) is a WFA–nominated 1992 novel by Canadian author Geoff Ryman, published by HarperCollins, focusing on themes of L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and the 1939 musical film version, ranging across time and space from 1860s Kansas to late 1980s California.
Was is an adult parallel to the magical Land of Oz that never existed as a real place. The story follows three characters, each living in a different time period, and how their individual journeys all connect to the story of The Wizard of Oz.

## Plot summary

Told in alternating, non-chronological chapters, the novel is separated into three parts: "Winter Kitchen", "Summer Kitchen", and "Oz Circle". The story follows three characters, each connected to the story of The Wizard of Oz, and how they are all connected to one another without even realizing it.
The primary focus is on Jonathan, a gay actor with AIDS who goes on a obsessed pilgrimage of sorts to Manhattan, Kansas, in search of the "real" Dorothy.
Other portions of the novel explore the tragic life of "Dorothy Gael" in 1800s Kansas, whose traumatic experiences with Aunt Emily and Uncle Henry after her mother's death leads her to create an imaginary and idealized world in her mind based on some of her real-life experiences as a way of coping with her bleak reality. Unlike Baum's fairy tale book, she never gets to experience the magic of Oz, thus turning her into an insane and bitter old woman. L. Frank Baum himself makes an appearance as a substitute teacher in Kansas who meets Dorothy, and is so inspired and touched by their encounter, he decides to make her the main character of his classic fantasy novel.
Finally, the book explores the life of Judy Garland as she plays Dorothy Gale in the 1939 movie.

## Themes

Was has been described as more somber than Baum's The Wizard of Oz, and an attempt to correct the deceptive fantasy of that work, illuminating the realistic implications of having a fantasy world to retreat to. It has also been called a critique of American society.

## Reception

Was is listed in The Gay Canon as one of the great books that every gay man should read. The Publishing Triangle named the book number 79 on its list of best gay and lesbian novels, and it was republished as a part of Orion's Masterworks series.

## Awards and nominations

* Finalist for the World Fantasy Award, 1993
* Shortlisted for the Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel, 1993
* Inducted into the Gaylactic Spectrum Awards Hall of Fame, 2002

## Musical adaptation

A musical production of the book, sponsored by the American Musical Theatre Project, premiered at the Ethel M. Barber Theatre at Northwestern University in October 2005. It was directed by Tina Landau, with libretto and lyrics by Barry Kleinbort, and music by Joseph Thalken.
An earlier version of the musical appeared at the Human Race Theatre in Dayton, Ohio.
# Jennings-Marvin House

Jennings-Marvin House is a historic home located at Dryden in Tompkins County, New York. It was built in 1897 and is a 2-story, three-bay, frame Queen Anne–style structure with Colonial Revival and Shingle style detailing. The most notable feature is the 2+1⁄2-story octagonal tower with its wooden shingle sheathing and oval windows.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
# Kim Andersson

Kim Andersson (born 21 August 1982) is a Swedish handball player for Ystads IF.
He was voted into the All-Star Team as Best right back at the 2008 European Men's Handball Championship, where Sweden finished 5th. He was part of the Swedish team that won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

## Club play

Andersson participated on the THW Kiel team that won the EHF Champions League in 2007. He is Swedish champion from 2004 and 2005 with IK Sävehof, and German champion from 2006 and 2007 with THW Kiel. He once again became Swedish champion 2022 with Ystads IF.
# Baugé

Baugé (French pronunciation: ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire département in western France. On 1 January 2013, it was merged with the former communes of Montpollin, Pontigné, Saint-Martin-d'Arcé and Le Vieil-Baugé to create the commune of Baugé-en-Anjou. Since then it is a commune déléguée of this commune.

## Geography and transport

Baugé is located 40 km east of Angers, 280 km from Paris, and 70 km from Tours.
Bus connections are available at SNCF railway stations in Saumur, Angers, La Flèche and Le Mans.
The closest airport is Angers - Loire Airport, while the larger Tours Loire Valley Airport is also within easy driving distance.

## Culture

The annual festival Opéra de Baugé is held near the town.

## History

The Battle of Baugé was fought on the bridge here in 1421.
The 14th century Château de Baugé is located in the centre of the town, as is a 16th-century apothecary. The town has several Roman roads.
Baugé is the twin town of Milngavie (near Glasgow) in Scotland and of Kelsterbach in Germany.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 3,150 | — |
| 1800 | 3,003 | −4.7% |
| 1806 | 3,150 | +4.9% |
| 1821 | 3,405 | +8.1% |
| 1831 | 3,553 | +4.3% |
| 1836 | 3,400 | −4.3% |
| 1841 | 3,278 | −3.6% |
| 1846 | 3,220 | −1.8% |
| 1851 | 3,329 | +3.4% |
| 1856 | 3,356 | +0.8% |
| 1861 | 3,546 | +5.7% |
| 1866 | 3,562 | +0.5% |
| 1872 | 3,419 | −4.0% |
| 1876 | 3,448 | +0.8% |
| 1881 | 3,449 | +0.0% |
| 1886 | 3,569 | +3.5% |
| 1891 | 3,623 | +1.5% |
| 1896 | 3,344 | −7.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1901 | 3,325 | −0.6% |
| 1906 | 3,199 | −3.8% |
| 1911 | 3,235 | +1.1% |
| 1921 | 2,868 | −11.3% |
| 1926 | 2,848 | −0.7% |
| 1931 | 2,738 | −3.9% |
| 1936 | 2,916 | +6.5% |
| 1946 | 3,484 | +19.5% |
| 1954 | 3,510 | +0.7% |
| 1962 | 3,363 | −4.2% |
| 1968 | 3,657 | +8.7% |
| 1975 | 3,807 | +4.1% |
| 1982 | 3,898 | +2.4% |
| 1990 | 3,748 | −3.8% |
| 1999 | 3,663 | −2.3% |
| 2006 | 3,454 | −5.7% |
| 2009 | 3,672 | +6.3% |

## Politics

The centre-right candidate Philippe Chalopin defeated the incumbent Guy Delepine in the 2008 mayoral elections.
In the 2007 presidential elections, Baugé supported Nicolas Sarkozy.
# Wings (Kuzmin novel)

Wings (Russian: Крылья) was the first Russian novel centred on homosexuality. Written by Mikhail Kuzmin, it was printed in 1906 to the consternation of a conservative literary establishment.

## Plot

The novel deals with teenager Vanya Smurov's attachment to his older, urbane mentor, Larion Stroop, a pederast who initiates him into the world of early Renaissance, Classical and Romantic art. At the close of the first part, Vanya is shocked to learn that the object of his admiration frequents a gay bathhouse. In order to sort out his feelings, Vanya withdraws into the Volga countryside, but his sickening experience with rural women, whose call on him to enjoy his youth turns out to be an awkward attempt at seduction, induces Vanya to accept his Classics teacher's proposal and accompany him in a journey to Italy. In the last part of the novel, Vanya and Stroop, who is also in Italy, are seen enjoying the smiling climate and stunning artworks of Florence and Rome, while Prince Orsini mentors the delicate youth in the art of hedonism.

## Reception

The novel, partly based on Kuzmin's experience of travelling to Italy in 1897, is full of conversation in the Platonic vein; the title itself alludes to Phaedrus. Although the book was competently written in an elegant style all its own, its reputation has been dogged by scandal.
Kuzmin was one of the first writers in modern Europe to argue that homosexuality "was not immoral or ungodly, but morally distinctive, ethically sanctioned, and even at times spiritually superior, a matter not of decadent immoralism but the personal creation of values".
The central theme of aestheticized sensuality has spawned comparisons of Wings with contemporary works by Oscar Wilde and André Gide, which cover similar thematic territory. Nevertheless, Kuzmin was probably the first literary figure of some standing to approve same-sex love in print:
   "Wilde in The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) only hinted that his hero's inner corruption resulted from his suppression of his true nature; Gide did not dare to name the attraction of his hero in The Immoralist (1902); Proust felt impelled to engage in all manner of subterfuge, and Forster wrote Maurice for the desk drawer."
Vladimir Nabokov parodied Kuzmin's novel in his own short novel The Eye, using "Smurov" as the name of a male protagonist and "Vanya" of a female one.
# Aigi Bridge

The Aigiōhashi Bridge (愛岐大橋, Aigi ōhashi) is a truss bridge over the Kiso River in Japan. It is an iron beam bridge which connects Kakamigahara in the Gifu Prefecture with Inuyama in the Aichi Prefecture. The bridge is part of Aichi-Gifu Prefectural Route 17, known as the Kōnanseki Route. The bridge is an essential link in the route from Nagoya and Komaki in Aichi Prefecture to Kakamigahara, Seki, and Gujō in Gifu Prefecture. Because there are no other bridges for 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) up- or downstream, the bridge is generally congested all day. The bridge was closed for a time in 1999 for maintenance.
The Aigiōhashi Bridge was featured in Eiji Okuda's film A Long Walk (長い散歩, Nagai Sanpo), which was at the Montreal World Film Festival.
# Hanna Blomstrand

Hanna Blomstrand (born 25 August 1996) is a Swedish previous handball player for København Håndbold and the Swedish national team.

## Career

She began playing handball in H 65 Höör, a Swedish club which won the national championship 2016. In the Swedish championship for youth, she won the title for girls born 1996, 16 years old. After that she moved to Lugi HF 2012, where she played to 2017. In 2017, she became professional handball player in the Danish club København Håndbold.

### National teams

She has been playing for the national youth team in Sweden and won a gold medal in 2013 EM and the next year bronze medal in youth OS in China. In 2015, she won bronze in U-19 team in EM. In season 2015–2016, she was second in list of goal-scorers, and in summer 2016, she began playing for the national team instead of the youth team. In the summer Olympics 2016, she only played one match after an injury of another player. But she was also playing in EM 2016 in Sweden where she played in several matches. In WM 2017, she was a more important player, and in quarterfinal against Denmark, she became player of the match after 7 goals on seven shots.

## Achievements

* National championship 2013 Silver with Lugi HF
* U-17 EM 2013 Gold with Swedish team
* Youth OS 2014 Brons with Swedish team
* U-19 EM 2015 Brons with Swedish team
# Dreta de l'Eixample

Dreta de l'Eixample (Catalan pronunciation:) is a neighborhood in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain). It is located to the east (visualised as dreta or "right") of Carrer de Balmes. The neighborhood includes Plaça de Catalunya, the city center, as well as the upscale streets Rambla de Catalunya and Passeig de Gràcia. Known as the bourgeois area of the city, it is home to a majority of Barcelona upper class. Dreta de L'Eixample is one of the most luxurious neighborhoods in Barcelona.
# Sibi Gwar

Sibi Gwar (born 9 September 1987 in Gboko) is a Nigerian football player who plays for Nasarawa United F.C. in the Nigeria Premier League.

## Early life

Gwar hails from Gboko in Konshisha local government area of Benue State and attended the Government Secondary School, Gboko (1991–1998).

## Career

He began his career with Ebonyi Angels. After 1 year with Kwara he moved to Enyimba International F.C. in early 2008 and returned to Lobi in June 2008. After a successful season with Lobi and winning the NFA Golden Boot, Gwar signed with his former club Kwara United in 2009.
At Kwara United FC he scored nine league goals. In June 2010, Argentine football coach Rodolfo Zapata, the former coach of Sunshine Stars FC, named Gwar in a list of players he thought should form the basis of the future Nigeria national football team. Sibi was described as a "Speedy attacker, quick with the ball, eye for goals, good finisher and dangerous in the goal box."
He signed with Niger Tornadoes in spring 2011, and scored the winning goal in a 2-1 win over his former Kwara United team on 11 May. He scored six goals in his first three games with Tornadoes.
In June 2012 Sibi Gwar became the highest goal scorer in the Nigeria Premier League after scoring a brace against his former team Kwara United and taking his goal tally to 12 goals.
Sibi was named as the Nigerian league player of the week in May 2012, He was again named as the league's Star of the week for the second straight week in June 2012 and was league player of the year.
He signed with Enyimba in November 2012 on a one-year deal. On 2 August 2015, Sibi Gwar joined Shooting Stars SC After leaving Shooting to join Victoria Hotspurs F.C.in Malta, he returned to Nigeria on deadline day and signed with Nasarawa United. Gwar has won the NFF Golden Boot twice, during the 2008 and 2012 Nigeria Premier League seasons.

## International career

Gwar received his first callup to the Super Eagles in August 2012, when he was named in Stephen Keshi's squad for a friendly against Niger.
# 2017 Bhopal–Ujjain Passenger train bombing

The 2017 Bhopal–Ujjain Passenger train bombing was a terrorist attack that occurred on March 7, on the Bhopal–Ujjain Passenger, a passenger train which runs between Bhopal Junction railway station of Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh and Ujjain Junction railway station. The bombing occurred at Jabri railway station in the Shajapur district of Madhya Pradesh, injuring 10 passengers. It was stated to be the first-ever strike in India by the Islamic State. One of the suspected terrorists was later killed in an encounter in Lucknow. The police stated that the module was self-radicalised and did not receive any financial support from the group. Six persons were later arrested. National Investigation Agency (NIA) probe reports stated that the ISIS-inspired module had also conspired to bomb a rally of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
On March 19, Indian authorities told the media that the terrorists related to this attack tried to flee India and go to Syria or Iraq.
# Conway County Library

The Conway County Library is the public library system of Conway County, Arkansas. The main library is located at 101 West Church Street in downtown Morrilton, Arkansas, the county seat. The library is located in a Classical Revival brick building designed by Thomas Harding and funded in part by a grant from Andrew Carnegie. In 1916 the Pathfinder Club of Morrilton applied for the grant. A lot was purchased, and Morrilton Mayor J. A. Frisby, Night Rainwater, and W. M. Riddick worked with a committee to construct the new library. The construction cost was $7,500, leaving $2,500 to purchase coal and furniture for the building. The building was completed in October 1916 and still serves as the Conway County Library. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The library organization began as a private collection in 1894, and was housed in private residences and vacant commercial buildings prior to the construction of this building.
# Norrköping Central Station

Norrköping Central Station (Swedish: Norrköpings centralstation) is a railway station located at Norrköping in Norrköping Municipality, Sweden. It is located on the Southern Main Line, which runs from Katrineholm to Malmö.
* This article about a Swedish railway station is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Conyn Van Rensselaer House

Conyn-Van Rensselaer is a historic home located on Stone Mill Road in the town of Claverack, New York. It is a gambrel-roofed structure of brick, two and a half stories high, and was eventually owned by A. H. Van Rensselaer, a descendant of Hendrick Van Rensselaer. It has recently undergone extensive restoration. The property also contains barns and outbuildings.
Kasparus Konyn was a captain in a provincial regiment, and warmly espoused the American cause in the Revolution. In 1776 he erected this large house. The Conyns were among the Palatine Germans who immigrated to the Germantown area of Columbia County, New York in the 1700s seeking religious freedom. He married Mildred (Joan Gardner) Yates who was a member of another local family, for whom a nearby road is named.
The area was well settled by members of the Van Rennselaer family who eventually acquired the farm upon Conyn's demise and have held it since.
The historic home of Hendrick I. Van Rensselaer is nearby on Yates Road in the town of Greenport.
# Tabish Khan

Tabish Khan (born 12 December 1984) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays for Sindh. He made his international debut for the Pakistan cricket team in May 2021.

## Career

In November 2017, he was selected to play for the Karachi Kings in 2018 Pakistan Super League players draft.
He was the leading wicket-taker for Pakistan Television in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, with 37 dismissals in six matches. In September 2018, in round two of the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, he took figures of 8 for 41 for Pakistan Television against Lahore Blues. He finished the tournament as the leading wicket-taker for Pakistan Television, with twenty-eight dismissals in five matches. In September 2019, he was named in Sindh's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.
In January 2021, he was named in Pakistan's Test squad for their series against South Africa. In March 2021, he was again named in Pakistan's Test squad, this time for their series against Zimbabwe. He made his Test debut for Pakistan, against Zimbabwe, on 7 May 2021. Making his debut at the age of 36, he became the third-oldest Pakistani Test debutant. Khan was also the oldest Test debutant for Pakistan in 66 years, and only Khalid "Billy" Ibadulla played more first-class games (218) than him (137) before making their Test debut for Pakistan.
In November 2021, in the 2021–22 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, Tabish took his 600th first-class wicket.
# George Giddings House and Barn

The George Giddings House and Barn is a historic First Period farm in Essex, Massachusetts. Both the house and the barn are estimated to have been built in the 1690s, and contain construction details unique in Essex County First Period buildings. The house was originally built as a single two story cell structure with a large chimney on one side, which was then widened with the addition of a second cell on the other side of the chimney. In the 19th century a number of alterations were made: the central chimney was removed, the entry of the house was reoriented from south to north by the addition of a new central door on the north face, and two new chimneys were added along the north elevation. The house has modern additions to the rear (south) side. The barn is of a similar vintage to the house, although it started with only five windows, and was extended at some point by the addition to the east of a sixth bay. It is one of a very few surviving First Period barns.
The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
# Tauscher

Tauscher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anna Maria Taucher (Maria Teresa of St. Joseph) (1855-1938), German religious
* Ellen Tauscher (1951–2019), American politician
* Hans Tauscher (1867-1941), German army officer
* Hansjörg Tauscher (born 1967), German alpine skier
* Johann Tauscher (1909-1979), Austrian field handball player
* Mark Tauscher (born 1977), American football player
* Walt Tauscher (1901–1992), American baseball player
# Mohammad Huraira

Mohammad Huraira (born 25 April 2002) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his first-class debut on 20 October 2021, for Northern in the 2021–22 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. Prior to his first-class debut, he was named in Pakistan's squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his test debut on 17-January-2025 vs West Indies at Multan cricket stadium.
In the tenth and final round of the 2021–22 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, Huraira scored his maiden double century in first-class cricket, before converting it into his maiden triple century. He became the second-youngest batter to score a triple century in a domestic first-class match in Pakistan. He made his Twenty20 debut on 20 February 2022, for Islamabad United in the 2022 Pakistan Super League.

## International career

In June 2023, he received his first international call-up for Pakistan's Test squad for the away series against Sri Lanka. In August 2024, he was selected in Pakistan's test squad against Bangladesh. In December 2024, he was named in Pakistan's squad for test match series against West Indies. He made his test debut on 17 January 2025 against West Indies in Multan. He scored 35 runs across two innings of the test match.
# Charles Rice Ames House

The Charles Rice Ames House is a historic residence in the city of Belpre, Ohio, United States. Built in 1843 in the Greek Revival style of architecture, the house has been named the region's most outstanding Greek Revival structure.
Charles Rice Ames contracted with local builder Daniel Fischer to construct his house in the 1840s. Fischer's design was a two-story structure, built on a foundation of sandstone, a slate roof, and frame walls. The floor plan of the residence is composed of a rectangular central section, plus wings on each side that project 15 feet (4.6 m) from the center. Among the distinctive architectural features of the house are pediments and gables on the facade. Years after serving as Ames' home, the house was owned by Roger and Carol Lynn Patton.
In 1978, the Ames House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying for the Register because of its historic architecture, which was seen as significant throughout the local area. It is one of four Belpre locations on the Register, along with the Sixth Street Railroad Bridge, the Captain Jonathan Stone House, and Spencer's Landing.