OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Security and Double Government

National Security and Double Government is a 2014 book by Michael J. Glennon, professor of international law at Tufts University. Glennon argues that democracy in the United States has trended towards mere symbolism, as the Constitution and the rule of law have been eroded by national security concerns and unelected bureaucrats.

## Background

Glennon worked closely with insiders in American politics in the 1970s and 1980s. As a law student, he worked as a staff assistant for congressman Donald M. Fraser (D-MN). After law school, he was assistant counsel for the Office of the Legislative Counsel at the United States Senate, and later, counsel to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and consultant to the State Department. He is currently professor of international law at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.
Development of National Security and Double Government began in the 2000s when Glennon noticed an unchanging continuity in national security policy in United States government, particularly from the previous presidency of George W. Bush to the presidency of Barack Obama. He published an article on the subject in the Harvard National Security Journal titled "National Security and Double Government" in 2014, which later evolved into book form.

## Synopsis

Glennon draws from the theories of British writer Walter Bagehot (1826–1877), who discussed the structure of British government in his book The English Constitution (1867). He argues that Bagehot's thesis of a "double government" in nineteenth century Britain also applies to the U.S. today. Glennon posits that there are two institutions in control: the "Madisonian" public institutions of the congress, presidency and the courts, which maintain the necessary public illusion that they are in charge and in control of policy, while a secretive "Trumanite" network of unelected, unaccountable national security bureaucrats actually make and set policy that the Madisonians appear to implement as their own. Glennon warns that control by the Trumanite network weakens constitutional restraints upon government, such as checks and balances and oversight, and results in less democracy, and a greater risk of despotism.
# The Wanganui Herald

The Wanganui Herald, originally published as The Evening Herald, was a daily newspaper in Wanganui published from 1867 to 1986 when it was replaced by a community newspaper of the same name.
John Ballance arrived in Wanganui in August 1866; he was to become New Zealand's prime minister in 1891. Ballance aimed for a career in journalism, had strong political views, and occasionally wrote for the Wanganui Times. The established newspaper at the time was the Wanganui Chronicle founded in 1856. On 3 June 1867, Ballance published the first issue of The Evening Herald after having purchased a printing press. The last edition of The Evening Herald was published on Thursday, 23 March 1876 (volume X, issue 2737) and with issue 2738, the newspaper continued under the new title The Wanganui Herald. On the occasion of commissioning a new printing press that enabled an "enlarged paper", the title was changed with the following rationale:
   A slight modification of the title has long been pressed upon us by numerous friends, who think that the word Wanganui should form part of the name, their contention being that the place from whence the paper issues should appear prominent to those at a distance. After careful consideration, and not without reluctance arising from an early bias, we have acceded to the suggestion, The Wanganui Herald being now the designation of our daily issue.
From 1869 to 1906, the evening newspaper was supplemented by a weekly edition. From 1926 onwards, The Wanganui Herald had a children's newspaper as an insert. In 1971, the ownership of The Wanganui Herald and the Wanganui Chronicle came into one company. In 1986, the period of the city having two daily newspapers came to an end with The Wanganui Herald turning into a community newspaper, leaving the commercial market to its long-standing rival, the Wanganui Chronicle. The name of the community newspaper later changed to Wanganui Midweek. Both the Chronicle and Wanganui Midweek are owned by New Zealand Media and Entertainment (NZME).
# Progressive Integration Party

The Progressive Integration Party (Vooruitstrevende Integratie Partij) was a political party in the Netherlands without parliamentary representation in the early 2000s. It was founded in 2002 and participated in the 2003 election, receiving 1623 votes (0,02%). Its stated goal was to "further the integration of migrants in the Netherlands without loss of their identity".
# Hisonotus acuen

Hisonotus acuen is a species of armored catfish from the Xingu River in Brazil.

## Etymology

The species name is taken from "acuen", the name used in anthropological literature to refer to the indigenous Xavante people.

## Description

The species bears a resemblance to H. chromodontus, being distinguished by the yellow as opposed to reddish-brown color of its teeth and the transparency of the tail fin.
H. acuen grows to a maximum length of 29 millimeters. The head is rounded, with small eyes and round lips.
General body coloration is light brown on the dorsal and yellowish on the ventral surface, the two colors being divided by a brown stripe that runs from the snout to the caudal peduncle. The fins are transparent with brown dots on the rays. The tail fin is transparent except for a dark spot at the base.
Males have a genital papilla, a feature missing in females.
Features can vary widely among populations, with the most variation occurring in the body's depth at the dorsal fin and in the snout and abdomen length.

## Range and habitat

H. acuen is found in small streams that are part of the Xingu River basin in Matto Grosso, Brazil. Individuals are usually found in shallow, slow flowing water. Streams they inhabit are usually flat-bottomed and clear, with vegetation covering the streambed.
# Francis Olaki

Francis Ronald Olaki is a Ugandan professional footballer who plays as a striker or left winger for Super Eagles FC Lugongwe in Uganda .

## Personal life

He is the younger brother of Emmanuel Okwi, a member of the Uganda national football team and currently playing for Simba Sports Club in Tanzania.
# Karl-Heinz Helbing

Karl-Heinz Helbing (born 7 March 1957 in Mainz) is a German former wrestler who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics and in the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Ihor Mityukov

Ihor Oleksandrovich Mitiukov (born 27 September 1952) is a Ukrainian diplomat. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine. Minister of Finance of Ukraine (1997-2001). Has been Head of Kyiv office and Managing Director of Morgan Stanley since March 2008.

## Education

Ihor Mitiukov graduated from Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in 1975, the cybernetics department; Institute of Economy, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. (PhD).

## Career

In 1990 - prior to that, he held various positions at Agrarian-Industrial Bank Ukraina, before being appointed as its Deputy Governor.
In 1994 - he was successively Deputy Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine and Vice-Prime Minister of Ukraine for banking and finance.
From 1995 to 1997 - as Ukraine's Special Representative to the European Union in Brussels, with Vice-Prime Ministerial status.
From 1997 to 2001 - he served as Minister of Finance of Ukraine.
From 2002 to 2005 - served as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine in the United Kingdom, also represented Ukraine in the International Maritime Organization.
Since June 14, 2007 - he has been an Independent Non-Executive Director at Ferrexpo Plc.
Since March 2008 - has been Head of Kyiv office and Managing Director of Morgan Stanley.
# Hans Nell

Hans "Hasse" Nell (born 27 May 1931) is a Swedish former footballer who played for Hammarby IF his whole senior career.

## Career

Nell was born and grew up in Upplands Väsby and started to play football with local club Väsby IK as a youngster, before joining Stockholm-based Hammarby IF in 1950, at age 18.
In his first seasons with the club, Nell established himself as a starting midfielder for Hammarby in Division 2, Sweden's second tier. By 1954, when Hammarby won a promotion to Allsvenskan, Nell had started to struggle in the competition and manager Folke Adamsson subsequently started to play him as a right back.
The re-positioning proved to be successful; he won three caps for the Swedish national B team between 1954 and 1957, and got known as an aggressive and quick defender. During the later stages of his career, Nell also featured as a centre-back.
He went on to play seven nine seasons with Hammarby in Allsvenskan, mostly as a regular. In 1957–58, Hammarby spent one year in the second tier, where the team scored an impressive 117 goals in 33 fixtures throughout the season, getting instantly promoted. They also competed in the second division in 1964, a season when Nell was plagued by injuries.
Nell decided to retire after the 1965 Allsvenskan season. In total, he made 243 league appearances for Hammarby and scored 13 goals.
# Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya

Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya (born 9 October 1961) is a Nigerian businessman and politician who has served as the governor of Gombe State since 2019.

## Early life

Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya was born on 9 October 1961 in Jekadefari, Gombe, Gombe State. His father, Alhaji Yahaya Umaru, was a famous businessman.

## Education

Yahaya attended the Central Primary School and the Government Science Secondary School in Gombe. He then studied at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, where he obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting in 1983.

## Career

Yahaya has worked in both the public and the private sector. He started his working career with the Bauchi State Investment and Property Development Company, where he was a principal accountant from 1984 to 1985. He was a managing director of A.Y.U Civil Engineering Company Ltd from 1993 to 1999.
In 2003, he was appointed as Commissioner for Finance and Economic Development by Governor Muhammed Danjuma Goje.

## Professional associations

Yahaya is a member of the following professional bodies:
* Association of Nation Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN),
* Nigeria Institute of Management (NIM)
* Chartered Institution of Taxation of Nigeria (ACITN)

## Politics

Yahaya joined politics in 2003. In the governorship election in 2015, He was the flag bearer of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in Gombe State. On 1 October 2018, he won the Gombe State gubernatorial All Progressives Congress primary election with the highest votes with 859 votes to beat his closest rival, Mohammed Jibrin Barde who polled 463 votes.
On 9 March 2019, Yahaya was declared governor-elect of Gombe State at the 2019 Gombe State gubernatorial election. He scored a total number of 364,179 votes to defeat his closest rival of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Sen. Usman Bayero Nafada, who polled 222,868 votes.
Governor Inuwa Yahaya of Gombe State won Saturday’s governorship election for a second term in office.
Mr Yahaya of the All Progressives Congress (APC) polled 342,821 votes to beat the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) candidate, Muhammad Jibiri Barde, who scored 233,131 votes.
The result declared by the Returning Officer of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Maimuna Waziri, showed that the APC won the election with a margin of 74,493 votes.

## Personal life

He is married to two wives and has seven children all residing in Gombe. His first son has married in 2022.

## Traditional titles

Dan Majen Gombe
Matawallen Kaltungo
# Daniel C. Van Brunt House

The Daniel C. Van Brunt House is located in Horicon, Wisconsin.

## History

The house was originally built for dentist William Decker, then occupied from 1868 by Van Brunt, a wagon builder who with his brother designed and built the first mechanical broadcast seeder marketed in the U.S. Later the Horicon Community Center. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 and the State Register of Historic Places in 1989.
# Harvey S. Firestone Memorial

The Harvey S. Firestone Memorial is a large sculpture ensemble dedicated to Harvey S. Firestone, created by sculptors James Earle Fraser and Donald De Lue in Akron, Ohio. The monument was designed by architect Eric Gugler and was dedicated on August 3, 1950. It is located at Bridgestone Americas Technology Center at 10 East Firestone Boulevard, Akron, Ohio 44301, adjacent to the Research Building.
The impetus to create a monument to Harvey S. Firestone in Akron began shortly after his death in 1938; however, the advent of World War II temporarily delayed the project, although discussions regarding the site continued in 1944 between representatives of the Firestone company and the architect Gugler. It was during these discussions that the patron expressed the desire that the work include more than just a statue of Firestone. Gigler then developed the concept of the allegorical bas relief panels on a curved exedra.
As work on the piece progressed, the elderly Fraser found doing the physically demanding work on the monumental seated figure to be more and more taxing and was aided in this process by both his wife, sculptor Laura Gardin Fraser, who represented him at the statue's dedication, and by De Lue.
However, as the dedication, timed to mark the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company's 50th anniversary, drew near, it was realized that the bronze work was not going to be finished; Fraser therefore suggested that a painted plaster version of the statue be used. Unknown to the general public, this is what was viewed at the unveiling by Firestone's five sons. The two statues were quietly switched later.
De Lue's involvement in the project came about when Gugler recommended using Paul Manship, with whom he had frequently worked, to do the panels in the exedra. Fraser, "who felt himself to be in direct competition with Manship", countered by suggesting De Lue, with whom Gugler had also worked, and he was awarded the commission. For the back of the exedra De Lue produced six allegorical relief panels, Contemplation, Invention (or Inspiration), The Hours, The Years, Leadership, and Fruition (or Achievement).
Although the statue is a major work, it is one of Fraser's more obscure and misunderstood ones. The bust of Firestone that he created at the same time and currently housed in the National Portrait Gallery is mentioned in two of the standard references on the artist, The End of the Trail by Krakell and the Syracuse University exhibition catalog, but neither one mentions the monument. On the other hand, Freundlich's The Sculpture of James Earle Fraser does discuss the memorial but attributes De Lue's relief panels, which the author erroneously places "on the base," to Fraser .
At some point in their history, prior to 2013, De Lue's reliefs were fairly seriously vandalized. Inspection reveals that noses, fingers and toes, the major elements that had been undercut in the work's carving process, had been beaten off the granite figures.
# 1993 Youngstown State Penguins football team

The 1993 Youngstown State Penguins football team was an American football team represented Youngstown State University in the 1993 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In their eighth season under head coach Jim Tressel, the team compiled a 13–2 record and defeated Marshall in the 1993 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game. It was Youngstown State's second national championship in three years.
Tailback Tamron Smith received the team's most valuable player award. The team's statistical leaders included Smith with 1,433 rushing yards and 120 points scored, Darnell Clark with 1,822 all-purpose yards, Mark Brungard with 1,504 passing yards, and Leon Jones with 177 tackles (including 103 solo tackles).

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 2 | at Western Michigan | No. 3 | Waldo StadiumKalamazoo, MI | W 17–3 | 29,084 |
| September 11 | at Stephen F. Austin | No. 2 | Homer Bryce StadiumNacogdoches, TX | L 15–35 | |
| September 18 | Morgan State | No. 10 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 56–27 | 14,284 |
| October 2 | at Eastern Kentucky | No. 8 | Roy Kidd StadiumRichmond, KY | W 26–22 | |
| October 9 | Delaware State | No. 6 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 42–28 | |
| October 16 | Liberty | No. 4 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 42–0 | |
| October 23 | Samford | No. 3 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 24–7 | 15,194 |
| October 30 | Buffalo | No. 1 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 38–12 | 8,456 |
| November 6 | Indiana State | No. 1 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH | W 17–10 | |
| November 13 | at Illinois State | No. 1 | Hancock StadiumNormal, IL | L 10–13 | 5,195 |
| November 20 | at Akron | No. 7 | Rubber BowlAkron, OH (Steel Tire) | W 19–0 | 8,000 |
| November 27 | No. 12 UCF | No. 7 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH (NCAA Division I-AA First Round) | W 56–30 | 7,408 |
| December 4 | No. 2 Georgia Southern | No. 7 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH (NCAA Division I–AA Quarterfinal) | W 34–14 | 9,503 |
| December 11 | No. 11 Idaho | No. 7 | Stambaugh StadiumYoungstown, OH (NCAA Division I–AA Semifinal) | W 35–16 | 9,644 |
| December 18 | at No. 9 Marshall | No. 7 | Marshall University StadiumHuntington, WV (NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game) | W 17–5 | 29,218 |
| HomecomingRankings from The Sports Network Poll released prior to the game |||||||
# Farmington Central High School (Michigan)

Farmington Central High School is a public high school in Farmington, Michigan, which serves students ages 16–19 in an alternative setting while meeting the FPS benchmarks. The school is part of Farmington Public Schools. Central High is a consolidated version of Farmington Alternative High School and Farmington Community School. The building was originally Shiawassee Elementary School, which closed in 1980.

## Application process

* Applications are accepted on an ongoing basis and admittance possible when space is available.
* FPS students may pick up an application from their guidance counselor at the home school.
* Out of district students may pick up an application in the front office of Farmington Community School.
* Interviews of applicants are conducted by counselors as openings exist.

## Programs

* High School Completion provides anyone over the age of 16, who has already dropped out of high school, an opportunity to complete the credit necessary to earn their high school diploma or General Educational Development (GED) certificate.
* Adult Basic Education offers programs in math and reading for developmentally disabled adults over the age of 26 without a high school diploma.
* Alternative Education provides “at-risk” students between the ages of 16 and 19 an alternative way to earn their high school diploma. Classes are taught by certified instructors and follow the same curriculum and benchmarks as a traditional high school. Students who graduate from Farmington Central High receive a traditional high school diploma.
* English as a Second Language is a program for foreign-born adults who wish to improve their proficiency in English. Course material progresses from basic vocabulary to conversational competence, citizenship studies, and an understanding of American culture. Various levels of classes are provided in order to meet the needs of the individual. Transition classes help those wanting to go on to the High School Completion Program.

## Student body statistics

The graduation rate is the percentage of ninth-graders who graduate from high school within four years, adjusting for students who move in or out of the District and to alternative programs. The rate is calculated by the State from data provided by the District. Parent Participation: The Alternative Education program has a high degree of parental involvement. All statistics are from Farmington Public Schools Annual Reports.
2007 - 2008 School Year
* Student Body:
Central High School – 94 (31 females, 63 males)
* Graduation Rate - Currently N/A
* Parent Participation - 83%
2006 - 2007 School Year
* Student Body:
Alternative Education/High School Completion - 168 students (62 females, 106 males)
* Graduation Rate - 87.13%
* Parent Participation - 87%

## Student organizations

Round Table, Students Operating Schools MAEO Stars (Michigan Alternative Education Organization), and the Multicultural Multiracial Diversity Committees.

## Athletics

* Softball
* Bowling
# Fault Tolerant Ethernet

Fault Tolerant Ethernet (FTE) is proprietary protocol created by Honeywell.
Designed to provide rapid network redundancy, on top of spanning tree protocol. Each node is connected twice to a single LAN through the dual network interface controllers. The driver and the FTE enabled components allow network communication to occur over an alternate path when the primary path fails.
Default time before failure is detected, is Diagnostic Interval (1000ms) multiplier with Disjoin Multiplier (3), for a 3000ms recovery time.
Similar to Switch Fault Tolerance (SFT) in windows and mode=1 (active-backup) in Linux.

## Supported hardware and software

* Windows 7/2003 or newer
* Honeywell Control Firewall (CF9)
* Honeywell C300 Controller
* Honeywell Series 8 I/O

## Technical overview

* Uses Multicast ( 234.5.6.7), for FTE community.
* Recommended maximum of 300 FTE nodes and 200 single connected Ethernet nodes (A machine with to network cards is considered as two separate single connected Ethernet nodes).
* Recommended to have separate broadcast/multicast domain , for different FTE communities.
* Recommended maximum of 3 tiers of switches.
* Default UDP Source Port: 47837
* Default UDP Destination Port : 51966
# Citec

Citec is a company that provides plant and product engineering, engineering consultancy as well as in technical documentation. The company trades within energy, process, oil & gas and machinery & equipment sectors.
The total number of employees is 1,000 and the turnover for 2020 was 73 million euros.
Citec is headquartered in Vaasa, Finland, and has offices in Finland, Sweden, Norway, France, Germany, India and Saudi Arabia.
The company Tri-Tech was founded in 1984 by Rune Westergård and Rolf Berg within the field of mechanical engineering.
During the first few years the company was a small engineering firm. In the early 1990s, a more rapid expansion phase began. Simultaneously as new lines of business emerged: environmental consultancy and technical documentation. These lines of business became two separate corporations in 1993 (Citec Environmental) and 2001 (Citec Information). In 2008, Citec Environmental became part of Citec Engineering Oy Ab.
In 2011 both companies - Citec Engineering Oy Ab and Citec Information Oy Ab – were consolidated into one group; Citec Oy Ab. A fund managed by Sentica Partners entered as the new majority shareholder with a 67 percent share and Martin Strand was appointed CEO as of June 1, 2011.
In conjunction with Martin Strand's retirement, Johan Westermarck was appointed CEO of Citec Group as of December 4, 2017.
In 2022, the Indian company Cyient purchased all of the shares of Citec for €94 million (equivalent to €99 million or US$107 million in 2023).

## History

* 2022: Cyient, an company in India, acquires Citec
* 2019: Wärtsilä Gas Solutions outsources Technical Documentation and P&ID Processes
* 2018: Outotec outsources 59 experts in Germany
* 2014: Citec acquires Cargotec engineering India
* 2013: Citec acquires M7 Offshore
* 2013: Citec acquires Akilea Engineering
* 2012: Citec acquires S&V Analysis
* 2011: Citec acquires German system engineering business Imotion
* 2011: Sentica Partners acquires a majority stake in Citec (67%), merges Citec Engineering and Citec Information
* 2009: Citec Engineering acquires KPA engineering
* 2003: Citec India was founded
* 1984: Citec was founded