# U.S. Route 1/9

U.S. Route 1/9 (US 1/9 or US 1-9) is the 31.0-mile-long (49.9 km) concurrency of US 1 and US 9 from their junction in Woodbridge in Middlesex County, New Jersey, north to New York City. The route is a multilane road with some freeway portions that runs through urbanized areas of North Jersey adjacent to New York City. Throughout most of its length in New Jersey, the road runs near the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95 [I-95]). In Fort Lee, US 1/9 merges onto I-95 and crosses the Hudson River on the George Washington Bridge, where the two U.S. Routes split a short distance into New York. US 1/9 intersects several major roads, including I-278 in Linden, Route 81 in Elizabeth, I-78 and US 22 in Newark, Route 139 in Jersey City, Route 3 and Route 495 in North Bergen, and US 46 in Palisades Park. US 1/9 also serves as the primary access point to Newark Airport. Between Newark and Jersey City, US 1/9 runs along the Pulaski Skyway. Trucks are banned from this section of road and must use Truck US 1/9. The concurrency between US 1 and US 9 is commonly referred to as "1 and 9". Some signage for the concurrency, as well as the truck route, combines the two roads into one shield, separated by a hyphen (1-9) or an ampersand (1&9).
The current alignment of US 1/9 south of Elizabeth was planned as Route 1 in 1916; this road was extended to the Holland Tunnel in Jersey City in 1922. When the U.S. Highway System was created in 1926, US 1 and US 9 were marked concurrent through northern New Jersey between Rahway on the current alignments of Route 27 and Truck US 1/9. In 1927, Route 1 became Route 25, and Route 1 and Route 6 were legislated along the current US 1/9 north of Jersey City. US 1/9 originally went to the Holland Tunnel on Route 25; after the George Washington Bridge opened, the two routes were realigned to their current routing north of Jersey City. After the Pulaski Skyway opened in 1932, US 1/9 and Route 25 were routed to use this road, which soon had a truck ban resulting in the creation of Route 25T (now US 1/9 Truck). South of Newark, US 1/9 was moved from Route 27 to Route 25. In 1953, the state highways running concurrent with US 1/9 in New Jersey were removed. In 1964, the approaches to the George Washington Bridge were upgraded into I-95.

## Route description
### Middlesex and Union counties

US 1 and US 9 begin their concurrency at a directional interchange in Woodbridge, Middlesex County. US 1 comes from the southwest, where it serves the state capital of Trenton, along with New Brunswick and Edison; while US 9 comes from the south, where it serves the Jersey Shore region, along with the suburban communities of Freehold Township and Old Bridge; a short distance to the north of an interchange with the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) and the Garden State Parkway. The combined US 1/9 runs northeast through business areas as a six-lane divided highway, coming to a partial cloverleaf interchange with Route 35 a short distance after the merge. From this interchange, the road continues as a surface road with some jughandles, passing over NJ Transit's North Jersey Coast Line.
A short distance later, US 1/9 crosses into Rahway, Union County, where the road crosses the Rahway River before interchanging with Lawrence Street (CR 514) in the southbound direction. The highway turns more northeast, becoming known as Edgar Road in Linden. In Linden, US 1/9 passes through a mix of industrial and business areas, crossing under Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Linden Industrial Track line before passing between Linden Airport and the former Linden Assembly plant used by General Motors to the west. Following the intersection with South Stiles Street (CR 615), the road enters more urbanized areas of homes and businesses. After passing near a couple of cemeteries, the highway runs to the west of Bayway Refinery before passing under a Staten Island Railway freight line that is used by Conrail Shared Assets Operations. After this bridge, US 1/9 meets the western terminus of I-278 at a partial interchange with a northbound exit and southbound entrance from US 1/9. Past this interchange, US 1/9 continues into Elizabeth, where it intersects with South Elmora Avenue/Bayway (Route 439) at the Bayway Circle, which has been modified to allow US 1/9 to run straight through. At this point, US 1/9 splits from Edgar Road. From the Bayway Circle, the road turns more to the east before making a sharp turn to the north-northeast and crossing the Elizabeth River on a skyway, which ends at the intersection with East Jersey Street. The road continues north through urban neighborhoods as Spring Street, passing under Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Elizabeth Industrial Track line. The highway reaches an intersection with North Avenue, at which point US 1/9 turns into a freeway with a local–express lane configuration, carrying two local lanes and two express lanes in each direction for a total of eight lanes. The freeway comes to an interchange with the northern terminus of Route 81, and it continues around the west side of Newark Airport.

### Essex and Hudson counties

US 1/9 continues into Newark, Essex County, with several ramps providing access to the airport as well as to McClellan Street and Haynes Avenue; the freeway also passes under the AirTrain Newark monorail line. At the north end of the airport property, the road reaches the large Newark Airport Interchange, where it has connections to I-78, US 22 westbound, and Route 21 northbound. Within this interchange, US 1/9 first has ramps to I-78, US 22, and Route 21 before turning east to parallel I-78 briefly prior to having more connections to I-78 as well as to Port Newark. Past the crossing of I-78, US 1/9 continues north, with the lanes splitting as it passes over the Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Greenville Running Track, Lehigh Line, and Newark and Passaic Industrial Track at Oak Island Yard before coming to a northbound exit and southbound entrance with Delancy and South streets. The freeway continues through industrial areas as it comes to a southbound exit and northbound entrance for Wilson Avenue. Following this interchange, the directions of US 1/9 rejoin as the freeway continues northeast, with Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Passaic and Harsimus Line running closely parallel to the northwest of the road. Along this stretch, the roadway comes to a bridge over Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Newark and New York Industrial Track and Manufacturers Industrial Track lines. The local–express lane configuration of US 1/9 ends at an interchange with Truck US 1/9 and Raymond Boulevard that provides access to the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95). At this point, US 1/9 becomes the four-lane divided Pulaski Skyway. Trucks are banned from using the Pulaski Skyway and have to use Truck US 1/9 to bypass it.
The Pulaski Skyway carries US 1/9 between Newark and Jersey City. The skyway crosses the Passaic River into Kearny, Hudson County, where it passes over industrial areas and a Conrail Shared Assets Operations railroad spur, and the Hackensack River into Jersey City. In Jersey City, the skyway passes over PATH's Newark–World Trade Center line and Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Northern Branch line before heading over Truck US 1/9 and the Northern Branch line again. At the east end of the Pulaski Skyway, US 1/9 reaches the Tonnele Circle, where it intersects with the northern terminus of Truck US 1/9 as well as the western terminus of Route 139. Here, US 1/9 head north on four-lane divided surface road called Tonnele Avenue, named for local landowner and politician John Tonnelé. The road passes over NJ Transit's Morris & Essex Lines and then Conrail Shared Assets Operations' National Docks Secondary line before running through urban areas. It turns more to the north-northeast before reaching an interchange with Secaucus Road (CR 678). At this point, US 1/9 crosses into North Bergen. In this area, the road crosses over Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and coming to a channelized intersection with the eastern terminus of Route 3 that also provides access to eastbound Route 495. A short distance later, US 1/9 becomes a four-lane undivided road and reaches a partial interchange with Route 495; the only direct connection available is a ramp from westbound Route 495 to southbound US 1/9. After this, the road comes to a diamond interchange with Union Turnpike (CR 676) and Paterson Plank Road (CR 681). From this point, US 1/9 continues north-northeast, crossing NJ Transit's Hudson–Bergen Light Rail near the line's northern terminus at the Tonnelle Avenue Station. Past this station, the road runs to the east of the North Bergen Yard and is still lined with businesses.

### Bergen County

US 1/9 continues into Fairview, Bergen County, where the name changes to Broad Avenue. Shortly after entering Fairview, the route passes over the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway's Edgewater Branch line, where it is briefly a divided highway. Turning north, the road passes more suburban areas before continuing into Ridgefield. In Ridgefield, US 1/9 becomes a divided highway prior to intersecting with southern terminus of Route 93. The median ends after this intersection, and the road turns northeast into mostly residential neighborhoods with a few businesses, intersecting with the western terminus of Route 5. Past Route 5, US 1/9 continues into Palisades Park, in a mile-long (1.6 km) district known as Koreantown. It soon reaches an interchange with US 46.
At this point, US 1/9 turns east off Broad Avenue to merge onto US 46, which is a four-lane freeway. This freeway makes a sharp turn to the north-northeast and has partial interchanges at both ends of the 5th and 6th streets frontage roads, which parallel the freeway through residential areas and provide access to East Central Boulevard (CR 501). US 1/9/US 46 continue into Fort Lee, where it has access to a couple commercial areas before encountering the northern terminus of Route 63 at a westbound exit and eastbound entrance. From here, the highway becomes a surface road that continues past more businesses and homes, angling northeast as it comes to an exit for Main Street (CR 56). Immediately past this point, the road turns east and encounters a complex interchange with I-95, the eastern terminus of Route 4, and the southern terminus of US 9W. Here, US 1/9/US 46 all join I-95 and continue to the southeast along a multilane freeway with local–express lane configuration consisting of four local lanes and four express lanes in each direction, passing numerous highrise buildings as it heads east to the George Washington Bridge over the Hudson River.

### New York City

At the New Jersey–New York state line on the bridge, US 46 ends and I-95 and US 1/9 continue into the borough of Manhattan in New York City. After an interchange with the Henry Hudson Parkway (NY 9A), the US 1/9 concurrency ends, and US 9 leaves the expressway at an interchange with Broadway at the George Washington Bridge Bus Station in Washington Heights. At that interchange, US 9 turns north on Broadway, while I-95/US 1 continues east into The Bronx.

## History

What is now the US 1/9 concurrency between Woodbridge and Elizabeth was first legislated as the northernmost part of Route 1 in 1916, a route that was to continue south to Trenton. In 1922, an extension of Route 1 was legislated to continue north from Elizabeth to the Holland Tunnel in Jersey City. This extension was planned to be the first superhighway in the U.S., with much of it opening in 1928. As a result of the creation of the U.S. Highway System in 1926, US 1 and US 9 were designated through northern New Jersey, sharing a concurrency from the current intersection of Route 27 and Route 35 in Rahway and continuing north on present-day Route 27 (then a part of Route 1) to Newark, then turning east, eventually following what is now Truck US 1/9 toward Jersey City, where US 1 was to head for the Holland Tunnel and US 9 was to turn north to run near the west bank of the Hudson River. A year later, in the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 1 between New Brunswick and Elizabeth became part of Route 27 while the Route 1 extension became part of Route 25. In addition, the current alignment of US 1/9 between the Tonnele Circle and Fort Lee, which at the time was a part of US 9, became part of Route 1 while the approach to the George Washington Bridge became a part of Route 6.
In 1932, the Pulaski Skyway was opened to traffic, and US 1/9 were designated to use it along with Route 25.
In 1934, trucks were banned from the Pulaski Skyway, and a truck bypass of the structure called Route 25T was created.
By 1937, US 1/9 was moved to follow Route 25 south to Woodbridge instead of Route 27.
By 1941, the US 1/9 alignment was moved to its current location north the Tonnele Circle, following Route 1 and Route 6 to the George Washington Bridge into New York City. In the vicinity of the George Washington Bridge, the route also ran concurrent with US 46. In addition, US 9 was built to connect to US 1 in Woodbridge on its current alignment (then designated Route 35) instead of using Route 4 (the current Route 35).
As part of construction of the New Jersey Turnpike, a new interchange was built to connect to the road, this replaced the existing turn circle in the area, which had grown functionally obsolete with increased traffic.
In the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering, the state highways running concurrent with US 1/9 were removed, while Route 25T became Truck US 1/9 and Route 25 between the Tonnele Circle and the Holland Tunnel became US 1/9 Business (now Route 139).
THe New Jersey Turnpike interchange was expanded from 1955 to 1956.
From 1958 to 1964, the portion of road near and over the George Washington Bridge, which were shared with US 46 on the New Jersey side, were rebuilt into a freeway that became a part of I-95.
The I-278 interchange was constructed in 1969.
From 1966 to 1970 a new interchange was built to serve I-78, while the existing New Jersey Turnpike interchange was reconstructed to connect to it.
The interchange with NJ 81 was completed in 1981.
Between February 2006 and November 2008, the cloverleaf interchange with Route 35 in Woodbridge, the first in the U.S. built in 1929 when this portion of US 1/9 was a part of Route 25, was replaced with a partial cloverleaf interchange, costing $34 million (equivalent to $47.3 million in 2023).
In 2013, Route 1/9 was one of two main thoroughfares in Hudson County (the other being Kennedy Boulevard) that were listed among the Tri-State Transportation Campaign's list of the top 10 most dangerous roads for pedestrians in New Jersey, New York, and Connecticut. Route 1/9, which tied for the #10 place on the list, was cited for the five pedestrian fatalities that occurred on it from 2009 to 2011.

## Major intersections

Mileposts in New Jersey follow the consecutive mileposts from US 1.
| State | County | Location | mi | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
| New Jersey | Middlesex | Woodbridge Township | 35.89 | 57.76 | | US 1 south – Trenton US 9 south – Shore Points | Interchange; US 1-9 south splits into US 1 and US 9 |
| New Jersey | Middlesex | Woodbridge Township | 36.42 | 58.61 | | Route 35 – The Amboys, Rahway | Interchange |
| New Jersey | Middlesex | Woodbridge Township | 37.76 | 60.77 | | South Inman Avenue / Rodgers Street | Interchange |
| New Jersey | Union | Rahway | 38.85 | 62.52 | | CR 514 – Rahway, Woodbridge | Southbound exit and entrance; interchange |
| New Jersey | Union | Linden | 42.30 | 68.08 | | I-278 east to I-95 / N.J. Turnpike – Goethals Bridge, Staten Island | Northbound exit and southbound entrance; interchange; western terminus of I-278 |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 43.11 | 69.38 | | Route 439 (Bayway/South Elmora Avenue) – Roselle, Plainfield, Staten Island, Goethals Bridge | Bayway Circle |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 43.82 | 70.52 | | Pearl Street | Entrances only; former CR 614; interchange |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 44.14 | 71.04 | | Elizabeth Avenue | Southbound exit and northbound entrance; interchange |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 44.64 | 71.84 | | Magnolia Avenue | Interchange via connector roads |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 45.30 | 72.90 | | US 1-9 (Express Lanes) | Southbound entrance only; interchange; southern end of express lanes |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 45.44 | 73.13 | | North Avenue east to I-95 / N.J. Turnpike | Northbound access only |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 45.44 | 73.13 | | US 1-9 north (Express Lanes) – New York City | Northbound exit only; interchange |
| Southern end of freeway section |||
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 45.44 | 73.13 | — | North Avenue west | Southbound exit only; access to NJ Transit North Elizabeth Station |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 45.73 | 73.60 | — | To I-95 / N.J. Turnpike / Dowd Avenue / North Avenue – Elizabeth Seaport | No northbound exit; access via Route 81 south |
| New Jersey | Union | Elizabeth | 46.00 | 74.03 | — | Newark Liberty International Airport | Northbound exit only; Newark Airport Interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 46.28 | 74.48 | — | McClellan Street | |
| Northern end of freeway section |||
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | | US 1-9 south (Express Lanes) | Southbound exit only; interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 46.76 | 75.25 | | I-78 / I-95 / N.J. Turnpike Haynes Avenue (U-turn) | No southbound exit; Newark Airport Interchange; exit 58A on I-78 |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | | Weigh station | Southbound exit and entrance only; interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.11 | 75.82 | | Newark Liberty International Airport | Southbound exit and entrance for express lanes only; Newark Airport Interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.11 | 75.82 | | Newark Liberty International Airport | No northbound exit; Newark Airport Interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.38 | 76.25 | | US 1-9 north to I-78 – North Area, South Area, Port Newark | No northbound exit; interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.64 | 76.67 | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.64– 47.84 | 76.67– 76.99 | — | US 22 west / Route 21 north – Union, Hillside, Newark, Downtown Newark | Newark Airport Interchange; eastern terminus of US 22; southern terminus of Route 21 |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.64– 47.84 | 76.67– 76.99 | — | US 22 west / Route 21 north – Newark, Downtown Newark | Northbound exit and entrance for express lanes only; eastern terminus of US 22; southern terminus of Route 21 |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 47.99 | 77.23 | — | I-78 / I-95 / N.J. Turnpike – Holland Tunnel, Clinton | Northbound exit and southbound entrance; Newark Airport Interchange; exits 58A-B on I-78; exit 14 on I-95 / Turnpike |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | — | US 1-9 south (Express Lanes) – Main Terminals | Southbound exit only |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | — | Executive Drive to I-78 / I-95 / N.J. Turnpike | Southbound exit and entrance |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | — | Port Newark, North Area, South Area, Economy Parking | Newark Airport Interchange; southbound access via exit for I-78 west |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 48.62– 48.90 | 78.25– 78.70 | — | I-78 / I-95 / N.J. Turnpike to G.S. Parkway – Port Newark, North Area, Air Cargo | No northbound access to I-78 west; exit 58B on I-78; exit 14 on I-95 / Turnpike; Newark Airport Interchange |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 49.11 | 79.03 | — | Frontage Road | Northbound exit and entrance |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | — | US 1-9 (Express Lanes) | Northbound entrance only |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 49.46 | 79.60 | — | South Street | Southbound entrance only |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 49.55 | 79.74 | — | Delancy Street – Newark | Northbound exit and southbound entrance |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 49.91 | 80.32 | — | Wilson Avenue – Newark | Southbound exit and northbound entrance |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 50.73 | 81.64 | — | Roanoke Avenue | Northbound entrance only |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 51.43 | 82.77 | — | I-95 / N.J. Turnpike north / US 1-9 Truck – Jersey City | Northbound exit and southbound entrance; all trucks must exit; southern terminus of US 1-9 Truck; exit 15E on I-95 / Turnpike |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | | | — | US 1-9 south (Express Lanes) – Newark Airport, Elizabeth | Northern terminus of express lanes |
| New Jersey | Essex | Newark | 51.43 | 82.77 | — | Raymond Boulevard – Newark | Southbound exit and southbound entrance |
| New Jersey | Passaic River | Passaic River | 51.85 | 83.44 | Pulaski Skyway | Pulaski Skyway | Pulaski Skyway |
| New Jersey | Hudson | Kearny | 52.33 | 84.22 | — | South Kearny | Southbound exit and northbound entrance; access via Adams Street |
| New Jersey | Hudson | Hackensack River | 53.06 | 85.39 | Pulaski Skyway | Pulaski Skyway | Pulaski Skyway |
| New Jersey | Hudson | Jersey City | 54.00 | 86.90 | — | Broadway | Northbound exit and southbound entrance |
| New Jersey | Hudson | Jersey City | 54.61 | 87.89 | — | US 1-9 Truck south / Route 7 west / Route 139 east – Hoboken, Holland Tunnel Tonnele Avenue – Jersey City | No northbound access to US 1-9 Truck; all trucks must exit; Tonnele Circle |
| Northern end of freeway section |||
| New Jersey | Hudson | Jersey City | 56.24 | 90.51 | | Secaucus Road – Jersey City (U-turn) | Interchange; access via CR 678 |
| New Jersey | Hudson | North Bergen | 57.27 | 92.17 | | Route 3 west / Route 495 east to I-95 / N.J. Turnpike – Clifton, Lincoln Tunnel | No northbound entrance; eastern terminus of Route 3 |
| New Jersey | Hudson | North Bergen | 57.74 | 92.92 | | Paterson Plank Road / West Side Avenue / Union Turnpike | Interchange; access via CR 681 / CR 676 |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Ridgefield | 62.14 | 100.00 | | Route 93 north (Grand Avenue) | Southern terminus of Route 93 |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Ridgefield | 62.51 | 100.60 | | Route 5 east | Western terminus of Route 5 |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Palisades Park | 62.80 | 101.07 | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Palisades Park | 62.80 | 101.07 | — | US 46 west to I-95 south / N.J. Turnpike south / I-80 west | Southern end of US 46 concurrency |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Palisades Park | 63.51 | 102.21 | — | CR 501 (East Central Boulevard) – Palisades Park | Access via 5th/6th Streets |
| Northern end of freeway section |||
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 63.95 | 102.92 | | Route 63 south | Southbound exit and northbound entrance; northern terminus of Route 63; interchange |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 64.49 | 103.79 | | Main Street (CR 56) – Fort Lee, Leonia | Interchange |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 64.88 | 104.41 | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section | Southern end of freeway section |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 64.88– 65.30 | 104.41– 105.09 | 72 | US 9W north / Route 4 west to Palisades Parkway north – Fort Lee | Northbound exit and southbound entrance; Route 4 not signed; exit number not signed |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 64.88– 65.30 | 104.41– 105.09 | 72B | I-95 south / N.J. Turnpike south / Route 4 west to I-80 west / G.S. Parkway – Hackensack, Paterson | Southbound exit and northbound entrance; southern end of I-95 concurrency; northern terminus of N.J. Turnpike; eastern terminus of Route 4 |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 65.46 | 105.35 | 73 | Route 67 / Hudson Terrace (CR 505) to US 9W / Palisades Parkway north – Fort Lee | Signed for US 9W/Hudson Terrace southbound, Palisades northbound; last northbound exit before toll |
| New Jersey | Bergen | Fort Lee | 65.60 | 105.57 | 74 | Palisades Parkway north | Southbound exit and northbound entrance from express lanes; southern terminus of Palisades Parkway |
| Hudson River | Hudson River | Hudson River | 66.060.00 | 106.310.00 | George Washington Bridge (northbound toll) US 46 ends | George Washington Bridge (northbound toll) US 46 ends | George Washington Bridge (northbound toll) US 46 ends |
| New York | New York | New York | 0.55 | 0.89 | 1A | I-95 north (US 1 north) to I-87 NY 9A / Henry Hudson Parkway / West 178th Street (US 9 north) | US 1-9 north splits into US 1 and US 9; exit 14 on Henry Hudson Parkway |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus Incomplete access Tolled Route transition ||||||||

## Related routes

* Truck Route 1/9
* New Jersey Route 139, formerly designated Business Route 1/9