OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2023 Papua New Guinea earthquake

A magnitude 7.1 earthquake struck 38.3 km (23.8 mi) east-southeast of Ambunti in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea on 3 April 2023.

## Tectonic setting

The island of New Guinea lies within the complex zone of collision between the Australian and Pacific plates. Within this overall setting, the active tectonics of northern Papua New Guinea is dominated by the effects of continuing collision between the Huon–Finisterre island arc terrane with the edge of the Australian continental margin. The overall shortening is focused into two zones of thrust faulting, the Ramu–Markham fault zone, which forms the southwestern boundary of the Huon–Finisterre terrane, and the Highlands Thrust Belt, which lies further southwest and deforms the Australian margin. The hanging wall of the Ramu–Markham thrust system is broken up by multiple strike-slip faults. The orientation of these faults, parallel to the direction of thrusting, suggests that they accommodate distortion of the Huon–Finisterre block. Most of the seismicity in northern Papua New Guinea is associated with the Ramu–Markham fault system, with a smaller number of earthquakes occurring on the strike-slip faults and on the Highlands Thrust Belt.

## Earthquake

The earthquake had a focal mechanism corresponding to a dip-slip fault. The United States Geological Survey reported that the earthquake's magnitude was M$_{ww}$ 7.0, while GEOSCOPE reported the earthquake as M$_w$ 7.2 at a depth of 39 km (24 mi), while the GCMT reported the event as M$_w$ 7.1. According to PAGER, the earthquake caused damaging shaking of intensities V-VII (Moderate-Very Strong) in the towns of Ambunti, Angoram, Wewak, Aitape, Porgera and Wabag, combining to a total population of about 1.12 million residents. Mild tremors of the earthquake were also felt in neighboring Indonesia, with an intensity of III (Weak) felt in Keerom and Jayapura, and II-III (Weak) in Nabire and Merauke.

## Damage and casualties

All six districts of East Sepik Province were affected. Over 874 homes were damaged or destroyed in the earthquake, including 52 in Ambunti, more than 50 in Wewak and 542 in Angoram, and damage occurred in 23 villages around the epicenter. There were at least eight deaths and "scores" of injuries. The deaths included four in Angoram, one in Yangoru, two in Wosera-Gawi District and another death in Wewak. In the village of Korogu, three houses collapsed and many were injured. Landslides were also reported in the affected areas, and deep fissures were reported in Chambri Lake, where the epicenter was located. At least two people were injured and 178 houses were destroyed in Karawari, southeast of the epicenter. Three houses were destroyed in Karambit. Minor damage to buildings were reported in the neighboring provinces of Enga and Western Highlands.
# Margaret MacPherson (writer)

Margaret Louise MacPherson (née Kendall; 19 June 1895 – 14 September 1974) was a New Zealand journalist, editor and writer.

## Biography

Kendall was born in Leeds, England, in 1895. She was educated at University of St Andrews, Scotland.
She married Alfred Sinclair MacPherson, elder brother of Rev. William MacPherson, Dean of Lichfield. The new couple later moved to New Zealand. Together, they had five sons.
After the birth of her children, she became the writer of a column called 'Wahine', in the Maoriland Worker. In the early 1920s she began editing Northlander in Kaitaia. In 1925 she and her husband divorced. Next she took a position writing the women's column in Guardian, also in Kaitaia. Other positions took her to several countries. She also wrote several books.
She died in Kaitaia, New Zealand, in 1974.

## Activism

In 2013, MacPherson's grandson, Reynold MacPherson, wrote Lovers and Husbands and What-Not: A Biography of Margaret L. MacPherson, which outlines her activism leading the New Zealand Movement against War and Fascism. The book also discusses the many other causes she took up in her lifetime, including indigenous rights, equal rights for women, and Marxism.

## Selected works

* A Symposium Against War (1934)
* Antipodean Journey (1937)
* I Heard the Anzacs Singing (1942)
* New Zealand Beckons (1952)
* They Built for the Future (1964)
# Emsalinur Kadın

Emsalinur Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: امثال نور قادین; "exemplary light"; 2 January 1866 – c. 1952; after the Surname Law of 1934: Emsalinur Kaya) was the seventh consort of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire.

## Early life

Emsalinur Kadın was born in 1866 in Tbilisi. Her father was either named Ömer Bey, or Mehmed Bey. She had a younger sister named Tesrid Hanım, who in 1894, married Şehzade Ibrahim Tevfik, son of Şehzade Burhaneddin, and grandson of Sultan Abdulmejid I. Emsalinur was known for her beauty and grace.

## Marriage

Emsalinur married Abdul Hamid in 1885 in the Yıldız Palace, and was given the title of "Fifth Kadın". On 30 November 1886, a year after the marriage, she gave birth to her only child, a daughter, Şadiye Sultan. In 1895, she was elevated to the title of "Fourth Kadın". In 1901, she was elevated to the title of "Third Kadın". She built a mosque in Kırkpınar in 1907 and was gifted a mansion in Nişantaşı, where she lived after her husband's deposition.
On 27 April 1909, Abdul Hamid was deposed, and sent into exile in Thessaloniki. Emsalinur didn't followed him, and so remained in Istanbul. After Thessaloniki fell to Greece in 1912, Abdul Hamid returned to Istanbul, and settled in the Beylerbeyi Palace, where he died in 1918.

## Widowhood and death

In 1924, the Imperial family was sent into exile. Emsalinur followed her daughter to Paris. However, after a staying few years there, she returned to Istanbul, and settled in her mansion located in Nişantaşı.
In 1934, in accordance to the Surname Law, she took the surname "Kaya". After her mansion was sold by the ministry of finance, Emsalinur settled in her granddaughter's mansion located in Erenköy known as "Galip Paşa Mansion". However, after this mansion was also sold to Sabiha Gökçen, the world's first female fighter-pilot, in 1948, Emaslinur became homeless.
The government had allocated her one hundred liras per month. And with this amount of money it became difficult for her to rent a house. Emsalinur Kadin died homeless in 1952, at the age of approximately eighty-six, and was buried in Yahya Efendi Cemetery, Istanbul. Her daughter outlived her by twenty-five years, dying in 1977.

## Issue

| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
| Şadiye Sultan | 30 November 1886 | 20 November 1977 | married twice, and had issue, one daughter |
# Taghi Taghiyev

Taghi Taghiyev (Azerbaijani: Tağı Əzizağa oğlu Tağıyev; 7 November 1917 – 27 June 1993) was an Azerbaijani painter. He was awarded the title of People's Artists of the Azerbaijan SSR.

## Early life and education

Taghi Taghiyev was born on 7 November 1917 in Baku, Russian Empire (now Azerbaijan). He studied at the Technical School of Art in Baku from 1931 until 1935. Later he studied at Surikov Moscow Art Institute from 1940 until 1941.

## Career

He authored thematic paintings of still life, portraits, landscapes, and home scenes. Taghiyev is more famous as a portraitist. He also created realist painting in Azerbaijan. The main themes in his works are the history and historical personalities, laborers, and the nature.
Taghiyev traveled to many countries, including Turkey, Greece, Italy, Spain, France and created many paintings about his life. His first exhibition in Baku was held in 1962. "Childhood Memories", "Absheron Series" and the other famous paintings of the artist were demonstrated in Prague, Pekin, Dakar, Baghdad and other cities. "Gara Garayev", "Sattar Bahlulzade", "Bahruz Kangarli" (1947), "Kamil Khanlarov", "Soltan Mahammad", "Maral Rahmanzadeh" are the most known works of Taghi Taghiyev. He went on a trip to countries of Europe and Africa in 1954 and created many paintings of his impressions as "African Girl", "Hello, New World".
Taghiyev's paintings are displayed in State Museum of Oriental Art (Moscow), National Art Museum of Azerbaijan named after Rustam Mustafayev, Azerbaijan State Art Gallery and other museums. He was awarded the title of Honorary Artist and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (on 1 December 1982).

## Death and legacy

The painter died on 27 June 1993 in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR.
On 29 March 2013 an "Anniversary Exhibition" was held, and on 8 June 2018 the "100th Anniversary Exhibition" was held; both were at the National Art Museum of Azerbaijan.
# Jérémie Galland

Jérémie Galland (born 8 April 1983) is a French former professional road cyclist, who competed as a professional between 2007 and 2013.

## Major results
### 2008

    3rd Route Adélie
    4th Grand Prix de Fourmies

### 2009

    6th Le Samyn
    7th Paris–Troyes
    1st Overall Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan
    6th Boucles de l'Aulne
    3rd Overall Ronde de l'Oise
    9th Overall Boucles de la Mayenne
    4th Tour de la Somme

### 2010

    6th Boucles de l'Aulne
    1st Overall Boucles de la Mayenne
    2nd Polynormande
    4th Overall Paris–Corrèze
    1st Stage 1 Tour du Limousin

### 2011

    9th Overall Tour de Picardie
    3rd Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan
    6th Overall Tour de Luxembourg

### 2013

    4th Grand Prix Pino Cerami
# Steve Winwood (album)

Steve Winwood is the debut solo studio album by blue-eyed soulster Steve Winwood. It was released in 1977, three years after the break-up of his former band, Traffic. Though the album sold moderately well in the US, it was a commercial disappointment compared to Traffic's recent albums, peaking at number 22 on the Billboard albums chart. In the UK, where Traffic's recent albums had only been moderately successful, Steve Winwood reached number 12 on The Official Charts. Island Records released two singles from the album, "Hold On" and "Time Is Running Out", both of which failed to chart.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | C− |
Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau wrote: "Combined with Stomu Yamashta's ersatz electronic classicism on Go, Winwood's chronic meandering seemed vaguely interesting. On its own again, it just seems vague."

## Track listing

All songs written by Steve Winwood and Jim Capaldi, except where noted.
Side one
* "Hold On" – 4:32
* "Time Is Running Out" – 6:30
* "Midland Maniac" (Winwood) – 8:32
Side two
* "Vacant Chair" (Winwood, Viv Stanshall) – 6:54
* "Luck's In" – 5:23
* "Let Me Make Something in Your Life" – 5:33

## Personnel

Track numbering refers to CD and digital releases of the album.
Musicians
* Steve Winwood – lead and backing vocals (all tracks), electric piano (1, 2, 5), synthesizer (1, 2, 4), electric guitar (1, 2, 5, 6), saxophone (1), organ (2, 3, 4, 6), clavinet (2), acoustic piano (3, 4, 6), harmonium (3), harpsichord (3), acoustic guitar (3), electric and acoustic basses (3), drums (3), percussion (3, 5)
* Junior Marvin – guitar (4)
* Willie Weeks – bass guitar (1, 2, 5, 6)
* Alan Spenner – bass guitar (4)
* Andy Newmark – drums (1, 2, 5, 6)
* John Susswell – drums (4)
* Brother James – percussion (1, 4)
* Jim Capaldi – percussion (2), backing vocal (2)
* Rebop Kwaku Baah – congas (2, 5)
* Nicole Winwood (credited as "Nicole") – backing vocal (2)
Production
* Steve Winwood – producer
* Chris Blackwell – producer
* Mark Miller Mundy – associate producer
* Phill Brown – recording engineer
* Robert Ash – assistant engineer
* Ray Doyle – assistant engineer
* Lee Hulko – mastering
* Fin Costello – photography
* James Hutcheson – cover design, paintings

## Charts

| Chart (1977) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report) | 38 |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 95 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 12 |
| US Billboard 200 | 22 |
# Mesoveliidae

Mesoveliidae is a family of water treaders in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 genera and at least 50 described species in Mesoveliidae.

## Genera

These 12 extant genera belong to the family Mesoveliidae.
* Austrovelia Malipatil and Monteith, 1983
* Cavaticovelia Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980
* Cryptovelia Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980
* Darwinivelia Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980
* Madeovelia Poisson, 1959
* Mesovelia Mulsant & Rey, 1852
* Mesoveloidea Hungerford, 1929
* Mniovelia Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980
* Nereivelia J. Polhemus and D. Polhemus, 1989
* Phrynovelia Horváth, 1915
* Seychellovelia Andersen and D. Polhemus, 2003
* Speovelia Esaki, 1929
While traditionally divided in two subfamilies, Madeoveliinae (including Madeovelia and Mesoveloidea) and Mesoveliinae (all other genera), molecular phylogenetics suggests Mesoveliinae are polyphyletic and thus the subfamily-level classification should be abandoned.

### Fossil genera

* †Duncanovelia Jell & Duncan, 1986
* †Gallomesovelia Nel et al., 2014 France, Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
* †Malenavelia Solórzano, Kraemer, & Perrichot, 2014 Charantese amber, France, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
* †Emilianovelia Solórzano, Kraemer, & Perrichot 2014 Charantese amber, France, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
* †Glaesivelia Sánchez-García & Solórzano Kraemer, 2017 Spanish amber, Early Cretaceous (Albian)
* †Iberovelia Sánchez-García & Nel, 2017 Spanish amber, Early Cretaceous (Albian)
* †Sinovelia Yao, Zhang, & Ren, 2012, Early Cretaceous (Yixian)
* †Cretamesovelia Boderau et al., 2024 Kachin amber, Myanmar, mid-Cretaceous
* †Myanmarvelia Boderau et al., 2023 Kachin amber, Myanmar, mid-Cretaceous
# Koroužné

Koroužné is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Koroužné lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Žďár nad Sázavou, 57 km (35 mi) east of Jihlava, and 152 km (94 mi) south-east of Prague.

## Administrative division

Koroužné consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Koroužné (171)
* Kobylnice (31)
* Švařec (51)
# Brian Hayes (rugby union)

Brian Hayes (born 25 September 1990) is an Irish rugby union player. He captained Christian Brothers College to the Munster Schools Senior Cup title in 2009.

## Munster

He moved from the Munster Sub-Academy to the Munster Rugby Academy at the start of the 2010–11 season. Hayes made his full Munster debut against a touring Australia side in November 2010. His second cap for Munster came against Newport Gwent Dragons, also in November 2010. He started for Munster A when they won the 2011–12 British and Irish Cup on 27 April 2012.

## Aurillac

Hayes joined French Rugby Pro D2 side Stade Aurillacois Cantal Auvergne, better known as Aurillac, for the 2013–14 season, in an attempt to gain more gametime.
# Saint-Frézal-de-Ventalon

Saint-Frézal-de-Ventalon (Occitan: Sent Fresald de Ventalon) is a former commune in the Lozère department in southern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Ventalon-en-Cévennes.
# Cold Spring Farm (McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania)

Cold Spring Farm, also known as Peter and Louisa Morton Farmstead, is a historic farmstead located in Todd Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania. The property includes three contributing buildings: the main house (1900), sandstone spring house (c. 1850) with a Queen Anne style second floor addition, and a sandstone slaughterhouse (c. 1850). The house is a two-story, five-bay, brick structure with a cross-gable roof and Palladian window. It features a wraparound porch with wide, overhanging eaves.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
# New Katni Junction railway station

vteKatni :
Legend :
New Katni Junction railway station (station code:- NKJ) railway station, located on the Katni–Bilaspur line, serves Katni in Madhya Pradesh.
A small colonial goods yard existed at KMZ during the early 1950s. The Railway Board in 1956 authorized construction of a Marshalling Yard in New Katni Junction, which opened on 19 January 1961.

## Electric Loco shed, New Katni Jn.

| SN | Locomotives | HP | Quantity |
| 1. | WAG-9 | 6120 | 199 |
| Total Locomotives Active as of January 2025 | Total Locomotives Active as of January 2025 | Total Locomotives Active as of January 2025 | 199 |

## New township

A new township for accommodating more than 5,000 railway employees has been developed at New Katni.
# Lengwe National Park

Lengwe National Park is a national park in Malawi located near the town of Chikwawa and about 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Blantyre. Lengwe's topography is unusual for Malawi and consists of open deciduous forests and dense thickets. It is the home of the reclusive Nyala antelope.
The climate of Lengwe is hot and dry, and the only source of consistent water is from the rain. Many man-made water holes have been constructed to attract and maintain the animal population. Jambo Africa Ltd operates Nyala Lodge for visitors. Animals that inhabit this park include giraffe, spotted hyena, leopard, warthog, kudu, impala, Samango monkey, reedbuck, Cape buffalo and suni; and many interesting birds, particularly shrikes, rollers, bee-eaters and the Yellow-spotted nicator.

## History

In 1928, Lengwe was established as a Game Reserve to protect the large mammals found in the Lower Shire Valley, especially the nyala antelope and its habitat. This protection is important as the Lower Shire Valley is the farthest north where nyala can be found naturally. At that time, the protected area measured 520 square kilometres (200 sq mi). Later, it was reduced to 120 km$^2$ (46 sq mi) in order to provide land for agriculture. This is what is now referred to as "Old Lengwe". This did not contain the year-round water supply to the animals that the Shire had provided. In 1964 and 1970, four artificial waterholes were built throughout the area, and in 1970, Lengwe was given national park status.
In 1975, the extension area was added, increasing the size to 887 km$^2$ (342 sq mi). Lengwe was expanded mainly to protect the catchment areas of the Shire, Mwanza, and Nkombedzi wa Fodya rivers. The extension also has the effect of protecting beautiful rock outcrops in the area and increasing the dispersal area for wildlife. The Park is managed by the Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW).
# Le Mesnil-Vigot

Le Mesnil-Vigot (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Remilly-les-Marais.
# Kolekanos spinicaudus

Kolekanos spinicaudus is a species of African gecko found in Angola.
# Joppeicus

Joppeicus paradoxus is a predatory heteropteran bug and the only member of the genus Joppeicus and the family Joppeicidae. Adults are ~3 mm long.

## Ecology

J.paradoxus has been described as living in «gardens, fields, planted woods, street alleys» along the Nile River and also caves, rock crevices of the nearby desert or semidesert regions. It can be found under bark, herbs, leaf litter, stones, litter, or even among mammalian feces and burrows of the rodent genus Meriones.
It feeds on a variety of small arthropods, such as coleopteran larvae and adults, ants, other heteropterans, spiders and ticks.

## Behaviour

It is quite active, runs quickly and tends to avoid light during the day.

## Distribution

It has been originally described from Jaffa and documented from Israel and in Egypt and Sudan along the Nile and Ethiopia. It has recently been found in Fuerteventura and Socotra and even in a bean storage area in Thailand.

## Systematics

A molecular genetics study in 2022 recovered Joppeicidae within Cimicomorpha as the closest relative of family Microphysidae, forming together the clade Microphysoidea. Another study in 2023 instead recovers Joppeicidae as the earliest diverging group of Cimiciformes.

## Importance to humans

J.paradoxus has been investigated as a potential biocontrol insect against insect pests affecting food storage, such as Tribolium confusum.
# Kodila-Metsküla

Kodila-Metsküla is a village in Rapla Parish, Rapla County in northwestern Estonia.
# Crossing the Water

Crossing the Water is a 1971 posthumous collection of poetry by Sylvia Plath that was prepared for publication by Ted Hughes. These are transitional poems that were written along with the poems that appear in her poetic opus, Ariel. The collection was published in the United Kingdom by Faber & Faber (1975) and in the United States by Harper & Row (1976).
The poems here, mostly written between 1960 and 1961, tend to dwell on one's state of being in an environment. "Wuthering Heights," for example, details a walk that Plath takes along the Yorkshire moors where Emily Brontë once trekked, Finisterre is a stormy island where Plath and her family once visited and "Among the Narcissi" describes Plath's similarities with being among asexual vegetation.

## Contents

* Wuthering Heights
* Pheasant
* Crossing the Water
* Finisterre
* Face Lift
* Parliament Hill Fields
* Insomniac
* An Appearance
* Blackberrying
* I Am Vertical
* The Babysitters
* In Plaster
* Leaving Early
* Stillborn
* Private Ground
* Heavy Woman
* Widow
* Magi
* Candles
* Event
* Love Letter
* Small Hours
* Sleep in the Mojave Desert
* The Surgeon at 2 a.m.
* Two Campers In Cloud Country
* Mirror
* A Life
* On Deck
* Apprehensions
* Zoo Keeper's Wife
* Whitsun
* The Tour
* Last Words
* Among the Narcissi
# Orenair

Orenburg Airlines or JSC Orenair (Russian: Оренбургские авиалинии) was a Russian airline with its head office on the property of Orenburg Tsentralny Airport in Orenburg. It operated domestic passenger services and inclusive tour charters, as well as aerial work and special flights. Its main base was Orenburg Tsentralny Airport and it had hubs at Domodedovo and Simferopol International Airport.

## History

The airline was formed from the Aeroflot Orenburg Division, which was established in 1932. In 1992, it began to operate under the name Orenair. It was the first Russian domestic airline to introduce the hub system of connecting flights in Orenburg, providing a full service for transfer passengers, and was the first Russian domestic airline to introduce through air fares.
In 2010, Orenair was acquired by Aeroflot and was likely to engage in fleet modernization as a result of the merger. In 2015, Orenair acquired Air Austral's B777-200ER F-ORUN, which Air Austral had been trying to sell for a year.
In April 2016, Aeroflot planned to merge Orenair and Donavia into Rossiya to form one larger airline based in Saint-Petersburg, Moscow and Rostov-On-Don. The former Orenair fleet will carry the Rossiya livery. On 26 May 2016, the airline's air operator's certificate was revoked after integration into Rossiya.

## Fleet
### Fleet at time of merger

In April 2016, the entire Orenair fleet was assigned to Rossiya. The remaining Orenair fleet consisted of the following aircraft (as of December 2016 the remaining 777 was at Phoenix Goodyear Airport):

### Previously operated

As of August 2006 the airline also operated:
* 1 Yakovlev Yak-40
* 8 Tupolev Tu-134
* 4 Tupolev Tu-154B
* 1 Tupolev Tu-154M
* 4 Tupolev Tu-204-100
* 2 Boeing 737-500

## Incidents

* On 10 February 2016, Orenair Flight 554 departing from Punta Cana International Airport to Domodedovo International Airport experienced an engine failure, which caused fire and smoke in the cabin. The aircraft returned to Punta Cana, without fatalities or injuries.
# Journal of Evolutionary Biology

The Journal of Evolutionary Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly covering the field of evolutionary biology. It is owned by the European Society for Evolutionary Biology. The founding editor-in-chief was Stephen C. Stearns. He was succeeded by Pierre-Henri Gouyon (1992–1995), Rolf Hoekstra (1996–1999), Peter van Tienderen (2000–2003), Juha Merilä (2004–2007), Allen Moore (2007–2010), Michael G. Ritchie (2011-2017), and Wolf U. Blanckenhorn (2017-2021). The current editor is Max Reuter (University College London).