OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce

The Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce is a Newport Beach, California-based business organization of almost 1,000 members representing over 25,000 employees. The Chamber consists of five councils, committees, staff and members, and works with city officials, local businesses and the community to promote the local economy.

## History

On March 12, 1907, sixteen men calling themselves the "Harbor Boosters" established the Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce. Each man contributed five dollars to cover the initial expenses of the first commercial body formed in the city.
Within its first year of creation, the Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce launched free rides for Orange County residents over the entirety of Newport Bay (California).
When the final reclamation of the bay was complete thirty years later in 1936 nearly all of the Charter members were gone, but many of them devoted their lives to the creation of Newport Harbor. Through its life, the Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce played an active part in improving the city, through harbor, industrial and municipal matters, but also by initiating and sponsoring various celebrations and civic events.
For a period of eight years, from 1919 to 1927, there existed two chambers, Balboa Island and Newport Beach. In 1927, the chambers merged into the Newport Harbor Chamber of Commerce. The city was divided into six districts, each of which was entitled to two directors on the board of twelve. These sections were: 1) Newport Heights and West Newport, 2) Newport Beach, 3) East Newport, 4) Balboa, 5) Balboa Island, and 6) Corona del Mar.
In 1976, the word "area" was added to the name to better reflect the character of the surrounding communities, which compose the membership. In the same year, the Newport Harbor Area Chamber of Commerce reached a significant milestone when it moved into the new headquarters building of 10,000 square feet (930 m$^2$) at its present location at 1470 Jamboree Road.
In 2001 the Chamber’s official name was changed to the Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce to better associate with the Newport Beach name. As of February 2017, the Newport Beach Chamber, which started on March 12, 1907 with only 16 Charter members has grown to nearly 1,000 members, representing a cross-section of the harbor area, and is one of the largest regional Chambers in Orange County. The Chamber is funded 100% by member dues and special event income.
In 2007, the Newport Beach Chamber of Commerce celebrated 100th year in the city.
The city of Newport Beach, California works closes with the Chamber of Commerce in "designing and implementing programs to enhance the economic vitality of the community."
# Gladstone Ferrie

Gladstone Mansfield Ferrie (21 November 1892 – 4 July 1955) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Denver, Colorado, United States and came to Canada in 1906. He attended Mew Hall School in England at Burton on Trent, then became a farmer and livestock dealer by career.
Ferrie served in World War I under the 2nd Engineers as a corporal. For 20 years, he was also a reeve of Rural Municipality of Invermay No. 305.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Mackenzie riding in the 1949 general election by defeating Co-operative Commonwealth Federation incumbent Alexander Malcolm Nicholson. After completing his only term in the House of Commons, he was defeated by Nicholson in the 1953 election.
# Hugo Prevost

Hugo Prevost (born 9 September 1999 in Grenoble) is a French politician of the La France Insoumise. He was elected member of the National Assembly for Isère's 1st constituency in 2024. He resigned on October 9, 2024 following accusations of sexist and sexual violence.
# Rusty Nail

Rusty Nail or Rusty nail often refers to:
* Literally, a nail (fastener) covered in rust
* Rusty nail (cocktail), Scotch and Drambuie
The terms may also refer to:

## People

* Rusty Nails (filmmaker), a film director
* Rusty Nails, a children's entertainer who inspired The Simpsons character Krusty the Clown

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Ron Hawkins and the Rusty Nails, a Canadian rock band
* Rusty Nails (album), by Jackie Greene
* "Rusty Nail" (song), by metal band X Japan
* "Rusty Nail", a song by groove metal band Grip Inc.
* Rusty Nails, an EP by Moderat
* Rusty Nail, the villain of the film Joy Ride (2001) and its two sequels, portrayed by actor Ted Levine
* "The Rusty Nail", an episode of Greek
# Martin Redish

Martin H. Redish is the Louis and Harriet Ancel Professor of Law and Public Policy at the Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law. Redish has written 19 books and over a hundred law review articles in the areas of civil procedure and constitutional law, among others. He is among the most frequently cited American legal scholars.

## Legal theories
### First Amendment

Redish supports an "autonomy theory" of free speech, taking the view that the First Amendment protects speech in order to advance individuals' interest in the self-realization that they obtain by being able to speak without government interference. According to Redish, all of the other values attached to free speech, such as the advancement of liberal democracy, necessarily depend on the concept of individual self-realization. This view contrasts with that of scholars such as Alexander Meiklejohn, who advocate a theory of the First Amendment based on the importance of democratic self-governance, and of scholars who subscribe to the theory that the First Amendment exists to promote the marketplace of ideas.

## Career

Redish has spent his entire academic career at Northwestern University, where he has been a faculty member since 1973. Before entering academia, he briefly practiced law in New York. Redish received a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Pennsylvania and a Juris Doctor degree from Harvard Law School.

## Selected publications
### Books

* Richard Marcus, Martin Redish, Edward F. Sherman, & James Pfander, Civil Procedure: A Modern Approach (6th ed. 2013)
* Moore's Federal Practice 3d ed., volume 15
* Martin H. Redish, Wholesale Justice: Constitutional Democracy and the Problem of the Class Action Lawsuit (2009)

### Articles

* Martin H. Redish, The Value of Free Speech, 130 U. Pa. L. Rev. 591 (1982)
* Martin H. Redish, Advocacy of Unlawful Conduct and the First Amendment: In Defense of Clear and Present Danger, 70 Cal. L. Rev. 1159 (1982).
* Martin H. Redish, Electronic Discovery and the Litigation Matrix, 51 Duke L.J. 561 (2001)
# Our Movie

Our Movie (Korean: 우리 영화) is an upcoming South Korean melodrama television series co-written by Han Ga-eun and Kang Kyung-min, directed by Lee Jung-heum, and starring Namkoong Min and Jeon Yeo-been. It is scheduled to premiere on SBS TV in the first half of 2025, and will air every Friday and Saturday.

## Synopsis

Our Movie tells the story of a film director and an aspiring actress who are both dealing with personal health issues, feel their time is running out, and attempt to heal their wounds. As they work together in filming, they start to fall in love with each other.

## Cast and characters

* Namkoong Min as Lee Je-ha
    A film director.
* Jeon Yeo-been as Lee Da-eum
    An aspiring actress.
* Lee Seol as TBA
* Seo Hyun-woo as Boo Seung-won
    A producer.

## Production
### Development

Our Movie is a melodrama genre directed by Lee Jung-heum, co-written by Han Ga-eun and Kang Kyung-min, and produced by Studio S and Beyond J.

### Casting

On July 2, 2024, 935 Entertainment told Newsen that they're positively reviewing for Namkoong Min's appearance. The next day, Jeon Yeo-been was reportedly cast as the female lead. According to SPOTV News report on August 20, Lee Seol has confirmed her appearance. On September 27, the production team of the series announced that Namkoong and Jeon had confirmed their appearances. On December 16, Xports News reported that Seo Hyun-woo had confirmed his appearance.

## Release

Our Movie was initially discussed to be scheduled for tvN, but it was moved to SBS TV. The series is scheduled to premiere on SBS in the first half of 2025 and will air every Friday and Saturday.
# Sadanand Singh

Sadanand Singh (21 May 1943 – 8 September 2021) was an Indian politician. He was the former Speaker of the Bihar Assembly.

## Life

Sadanand Singh was born in a Kurmi family of Bihar. He served as member of Bihar Legislative Assembly for nine terms from Kahalgaon Assembly constituency of Bhagalpur. Between 2000-05, he served as speaker of Bihar Legislative Assembly as well as minister in Government of Bihar. He was a president of Bihar Provincial Congress Committee for two terms. Singh had a long political life spanning over five decades and in this long political career, he lost the assembly elections only thrice like in 1990 and 1995. His son Shubhanand Mukesh contested in 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election from Kahalgaon Assembly constituency, but lost to Bharatiya Janata Party candidate, Pawan Kumar Yadav. Singh was revered by the leaders of Bihar, cutting across their party line. Senior leaders of Bihar, Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav considered him as mass leader.
Singh was known for his developmental activities. He led establishment of a power grid at Kahalgaon and a power sub station at Sanhaul in his constituency, which provided uninterrupted supply of electricity to the people of this area.
# A Naked Singularity

A Naked Singularity is a legal thriller and the debut novel of American author Sergio De La Pava. Originally self-published in 2008 through XLibris, it was commercially re-published in 2012 and subsequently won the PEN Prize for Debut Fiction in 2013.

## Reception

Literary site The Quarterly Conversation ran a review by Scott Bryan Wilson that called the book "one of the best and most original novels of the decade" and "a towering, impressive work." That review caught the eye of staff at The University of Chicago Press, who signed the book up and published it in paperback in April 2012. The book was named one of the ten best works of fiction of 2012 by The Wall Street Journal. In the Chicago Tribune, Julia Keller wrote, "A Naked Singularity is not about physics. It's about the American criminal justice system in a large and chaotic city, a place slowly crushed by hopelessness in the same way that an ancient star is gradually crushed by gravity. . . . It is about a city that teeters on the edge of total collapse and complete disaster, but that has the capacity to right itself (whew!) at the last possible second." A Naked Singularity went on to win the PEN/Robert W. Bingham Prize from PEN as the best debut novel of that year. On February 10, 2014, it was named one of eight books on the shortlist for the inaugural Folio Prize for the best book published in the United Kingdom in 2013.

## Film adaptation

On 18 December 2018, it was announced that Scott Free Productions will produce a film adaptation. Screenwriter Chase Palmer will make his directorial debut with David Matthews writing the script, Anton distributing, and starring John Boyega as Casi, Olivia Cooke, and Bill Skarsgård. The film, titled Naked Singularity, premiered at the San Francisco International Film Festival on 9 April 2021.
# Båntjern

Båntjern is a tarn in the area of Oslo named Nordmarka. It is situated south of Vettakollen, a hill close to one of Oslo's suburbs. A campsite next to Båntjern offers various facilities including a place for grilling and a diving tower. The name is derived from tales of the ghosts of unbaptized children left in the woods to die alone.
A trail walk continues further west of Båntjern. It leads to the top of Vettakollen, an area with views over the Oslofjord and the Bunnefjord. Southwest of Båntjern is an old mine called Riis Skjerp. One of Oslo's most popular walking trails passes Båntjern. It is approximately 20 km (12 mi) from Ankerveien to Bærums Verk.
# Hor son of Punesh

Hor son of Punesh (or Pwenesh) is a magician from ancient Egyptian literature.

## Sources

Hor is named in the fragmentary Blacas papyrus from the third quarter of 5th century BC, discovered at Saqqara and now in London. This text is in Imperial Aramaic. The name of Hor has been read as ḥr-pa-pꜣ-wnš, but there is some uncertainty regarding ḥr. The patronymic 'Bar Punesh' is clear. It can also be translated "son of the wolf". Hor is mentioned on only one side of the papyrus and it is unclear if the text on the other side belongs to the same story.
Hor (or Horus) is also named in fifteen Demotic Egyptian papyrus fragments by at least three different scribes, all now kept in Berlin. They have not been published, but described by Karl-Theodor Zauzich. He may be the same figure as Horus son of Paneshe named in the Demotic tale Setne Khamwas and Si-Osire, preserved on a papyrus from the 1st century BC, probably of Crocodilopolis, now in London.

## Tales

The fragmentary Aramaic story of Bar Punesh has been transcribed and translated into English by Arthur Ernest Cowley. In the Aramaic version, Bar Punesh is a magician who announces a coming disaster. This seems to be a response to the murder of his sons by a king, who, given the fragmentary nature of the text, could be either the king of Egypt or another. The adventures of magicians are a common topic in ancient Egyptian literature.
In Cowley's summation, Bar Punesh "had done some meritorious service for which he was suitably rewarded by the king". Terence Mitchell, too, sees him as having "a meeting with the Pharaoh". The edition of Bezalel Porten and Ada Yardeni agrees, having Bar Punesh put "over the host of kings, and set him among the officers". That the adversary of Bar Punesh was a foreign king is made clear by the Demotic texts.
The Demotic fragments show Hor son of Punesh as one of the priests of Ra at Heliopolis. His stories belong to a cycle separate from those of the High Priests of Ptah at Memphis. His chief adversary is the king of Meroë. His methods of spellcasting involve the Book of Thoth and waxen figures. In Setne Khamwas and Si-Osire, he protects the Pharaoh Ramesses II from some Meroite sorcerers.
Although his oldest attestation is in an Aramaic document, Hor son of Punesh must be an Egyptian literary creation. The translation and adaptation of his story into Aramaic, a lingua franca used as far east as India, demonstrate that Demotic literature was not limited in readership to a tiny elite.
# Chimbolo massacre

5°43′08″N 20°50′40″E﻿ / ﻿5.7188°N 20.8445°E﻿ / 5.7188; 20.8445
On 19 March 2023 unknown gunmen attacked a gold mine near the town of Chimbolo in the Central African Republic's province of Ouaka, killing nine Chinese workers and injuring two.

## Background

In the early March 2023, miners started to work near the Chimbolo village in a gold mine owned by Chinese company The Gold Coast Group.

## Events

Around 5 a.m. local time (04:00 GMT) group of armed men entered the site. More than a dozen soldiers were supposed to protect the site but only four were present during the attack. Upon seeing the attackers all guards fled, shooting one of the attackers in the process. After their retreat, attackers entered the dormitories and began taking their inhabitants one by one. They tackled them to the ground before executing them at point-blank range. Before turning back, attackers searched the dormitory and retrieved body of one of their fighters who was killed previously.
The attackers left the bodies of the victims facing down in a row in the mud. The victims have not been identified, and their bodies were cremated shortly after the attack.

## Responsibility
### Allegations of rebel responsibility

The government, including justice minister Arnaud Djoubaye Abazène, has blamed rebel Coalition of Patriots for Change for the attack. Yevgeny Prigozhin, head of the Wagner Group claimed the "bandits" were responsible for the attack and that they were caught without elaborating. According to investigation by Afrique Media rebels from UPC were responsible for the attack. On 19 April government released its investigation blaming the CPC rebels for the massacre.

### Allegations of government responsibility

Rebels spokesman Mamadou Koura refuted these allegations instead blame Russian mercenaries from the Wagner Group. According to Corbeau News Centrafrique one of the attackers who was killed during the attack was named Saleh alias "Erike" who belonged to pro-government armed group. The website blamed the Wagner Group and allied Central African militia for the attack citing interview with one of the survivors of the attack. Investigation by Mother Jones blamed Russian mercenaries for the attack.
According to Human Rights Division of the United Nations ex-UPC combatants allied with the government known as "Black Russians" were present in the area during the attack. They allegedly beat a man to force him to reveal identities of the attackers.
# Galew, Turek County

Galew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brudzew, within Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Brudzew, 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Turek, and 118 km (73 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Iker Belausteguigoitía

Iker Belausteguigoitía (9 October 1927 – 8 June 1991) was a Mexican sailor. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Backbone (Chase & Status and Stormzy song)

"Backbone" is a song by British electronic music duo Chase & Status and rapper Stormzy. It was released on 8 August 2024 through EMI Records. After having been performed several times in the months leading up to the release, the song marks the first time the two acts have collaborated on record. "Backbone" entered at the top of the UK Singles Chart. Outside the United Kingdom, "Backbone" peaked within the top 10 of the charts of New Zealand. It also peaked at number 11 in Malaysia on 31 August 2024.

## Background and composition

The song was first performed as part of the band's Coachella set in April 2024 and again later at the Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel in June. It was further teased across a string of festival dates that summer. In a statement, Chase & Status expressed how "gassed" they were to collaborate with the "legend that is Stormzy", revealing that they always wanted to "bring his energy" into their world.
"Backbone" merges the "signature high-energy beats" of Chase & Status and Stormzy's "powerful and commanding lyricism" into an "electrifying anthem" as a clash of "two musical titans from different genres".

## Music video

An accompanying music video was filmed during a surprise performance at the Ushuaïa Ibiza Beach Hotel on 30 June 2024 and released alongside the song on 8 August.

## Certifications

Certifications for "Backbone" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Gold | 15,000$^‡$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# 2019 Nigerian Senate elections in Kano State

The 2019 Nigerian Senate election in Kano State held on February 23, 2019, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Kano State. Ibrahim Shekarau representing Kano Central, Jibrin I Barau representing Kano North and Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya representing Kano south all won on the platform of All Progressives Congress.

## Overview

| Affiliation | Party | Party | Total |
| Affiliation | APC | PDP | Total |
| Before Election | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| After Election | 3 | 0 | 3 |

## Summary

| District | Incumbent | Party | Elected Senator | Party |
| Kano Central | Dr Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso | PDP | Ibrahim Shekarau | APC |
| Kano North | Jibrin I Barau | APC | Jibrin I Barau | APC |
| Kano South | Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya | APC | Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya | APC |

## Results
### Kano Central

A total of 30 candidates registered with the Independent National Electoral Commission to contest in the election. APC candidate Ibrahim Shekarau won the election, defeating PDP candidate Madaki Aliyu Sani and 28 other party candidates. Shekarau received 61.60% of the votes, while Aliyu Sani received 33.68%
2019 Nigerian Senate election in Kano State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | APC | Ibrahim Shekarau | 506,271 | 61.60% |
| | PDP | Madaki Aliyu Sani | 276,768 | 33.68% |
| | Others | | 38,750 | 4.71% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 821,789 | 100% |
| | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold |

### Kano North

A total of 28 candidates registered with the Independent National Electoral Commission to contest in the election. APC candidate Jibrin I Barau won the election, defeating PDP candidate Ahmed Garba Bichi and 26 other party candidates. Barau received 61.37% of the votes, while Garba Bichi received 33.35%
2019 Nigerian Senate election in Kano State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | APC | Jibrin I Barau | 286,419 | 61.37% |
| | PDP | Ahmed Garba Bichi | 155,638 | 33.35% |
| | Others | | 24,651 | 5.28% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 466,708 | 100% |
| | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold |

### Kano South

A total of 28 candidates registered with the Independent National Electoral Commission to contest in the election. APC candidate Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya won the election, defeating PDP candidate Abdullahi Sani Rogo and 26 other party candidates. Gaya received 55.39% of the votes, while Rogo received 37.77%
2019 Nigerian Senate election in Kano State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | APC | Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya | 319,004 | 55.39% |
| | PDP | Abdullahi Sani Rogo | 217,520 | 37.77% |
| | Others | | 39,409 | 6.84% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 575,933 | 100% |
| | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold | APC hold |