OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fontanes-du-Causse

Fontanes-du-Causse (French pronunciation:; Languedocien: Fontanas del Causse) is a former commune in the Lot department in south-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Cœur de Causse. Its population was 62 in 2022.
# Maksim Omelyanchuk

Maksim Omelyanchuk (Belarusian: Максім Амельянчук; Russian: Максим Омельянчук; born 5 September 2003) is a Ukraineian professional footballer who plays for Isloch Minsk Raion.
He's a son of former Belarus international footballer Sergey Omelyanchuk.
# Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi

Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi (Sindhi: شيخ عبدالمجيد سنڌي; 7 July 1889 – 24 May 1978) was a famous Sindhi writer, politician and journalist of Sindh.

## Education

Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi matriculated (completed 10th Grade in school) (Sindhi: ست درجه فائنل) from Thatta, Sindh in British India.

## Conversion to Islam

He was born in a Hindu family in Thatta. Since childhood he was in the search of mystic approach and in this regard on 10 February 1908, he converted to Islam on the hands of Shaikh Abdul Rahim at Hyderabad, Sindh.

## Professional career

Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi became Munshi (Sindhi: منشي) at a senior advocate Mr. Deechand Ojha. Afterwards he lived at Hyderabad where Rais Ghulam Muhammad Khan Bhurgri made him editor of his own newspaper Al Amen Sindhi: الامين. Having been inspired from his intellect Bhurgri made him his political adviser.

## Political career

He was an active participant of Silk Letter Movement (Reshmi Rumal Tahrik) (Sindhi: ريشمي رومال تحريڪ), by Molana Ubeduallah Sindhi, in which he was imprisoned in 1919 for three years. Later, he addressed a campaign against the British Raj in a procession in 1920 at Larkana and was again imprisoned for two years. In 1924, he became editor of Daily Al Waheed, Sindh's only daily newspaper at the time. Through this platform, he incited the Muslim population. On 16 November 1929, he participated in All-India Muslim League session at Allahabad, All India Khilafat Conference at Ajmer, All Parties Muslim Unity Conference and Azad Sindh Conference at Karachi (1930). His efforts for the separation of Sindh from Bombay were to be cherished. Sindh was separated from Bombay in 1936, he took part in the first election of Sindh Assembly (1937) from his own party and defeating Sir Shahnawaz, he became member of the Sindh assembly. In 1940, under the ministry of Mir Bunda Ali Khan, he was made a Minister in Sindh. In 1943, he left Muslim League and joined All Pakistan Awami Tahreek which was led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in 1949.

## Publications

Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi had written some books, which are: Fathe Spain (Sindhi: فتح اسپين), Hazrat Umer Bin Abdul Aziz (R.A) (Sindhi: حضرت عمر بن عبدالعزيزرضي الله تعاليٰ عنه)
Karachi Sindh Khe Milan Ghurje (Sindhi: ڪراچي سنڌ کي ملڻ گهرجي), All Murtaza (Sindhi: المرتضيٰ), Tareekh Jawahir (Sindhi: تحريڪ جواهر), Hazrat Ali & Hazrat Umer (R.A) (Sindhi: حضرت علي ۽ حضرت عمر رضي الله تعاليٰ عنه)

## Death

Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi died 24 May 1978 at Hyderabad, Sindh and was buried at historical Graveyard Makli near the grave of writer Makhdoom Mohammad Hashim Thattvi according to his will.
# Branko Benzon

Branko Benzon (29 August 1903 – September 1970) was a Croatian physician, diplomat and politician.

## Pre-war life

Benzon was born in Postira, on the island Brač in 1903. He attended medical school at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Medicine where he specialized in cardiology. He published a number of works dealing with pathology and the treatment of heart disease. Soon he became primarius of the section for heart diseases in Merkur's Sanatorium in Zagreb (today's Clinical Hospital Merkur [hr]).
Even though he was a respectable doctor, he was fired in 1932 for his political attitudes. He was member of the Ustaše branch in Croatia with a pro-German orientation. When Vladko Maček filed a complaint against him to the court, Benzon fled to Slovakia. Soon he emigrated to Germany where he led the radio-station, "Velebit". He represented Ustaše for Germany at the time. In the name of Ante Pavelić and Mile Budak on 31 March 1940, he transmitted a memorandum to the Foreign Minister of Germany, Joachim von Ribbentrop in which he asked for German support in the creation of Croatian state within its historical boundaries.

## Diplomatic career and emigration

With the proclamation of the Independent State of Croatia, he returned to Zagreb and joined the political leadership. He was named Croatian Ambassador to Germany in April 1941, but because of diplomatic misbehaviour, was forced to resign on 10 October 1941. In 1942, he became Croatian Ambassador to Romania, and from 1944 until 1945, was Ambassador to Hungary. His involvement in the Lorković-Vokić coup put him in disagreement with Croatian leadership and did not return to Zagreb.
After the war he went to Spain and then emigrated to Argentina where he worked in Direction for Immigrants. After the fall of his friend President Juan Domingo Perón in 1955, he went to Venezuela and became chief of section in the American hospital in Caracas.
While in Central America, he established a smuggling ring for getting Nazi war criminals out of Europe. Benzon was responsible for bringing over 100 former officers overseas, including Josef Mengele, the infamous doctor from Auschwitz known for his human experiments. The war criminals came from cities around the globe where they contacted Argentinian spies and Italian sympathisers, receiving new identities and papers classifying them as technicians.
# Javad Allahverdi

Javad Allahverdi is a retired Iranian footballer of Taj and Persepolis. Also he was a member of Iran national football team in World Cup 1978.

## Club career

Allahverdi started his career playing for Taj. There he could win the Asian Championship Club Tournament in 1970; he also won the Iranian league in 1971 as well as the second place in 1974.
After the disastrous 0-6 against Persepolis F.C. in September 1973, where he was identified as the weakest player of Taj, he was kicked out of the team, so he changed to Persepolis F.C. in summer 1974. There he could win the Iranian championship in 1976 and reach runner-up position in 1975, in 1977 and in 1978.
After the Iranian Revolution he remained playing for Persepolis winning the Iranian nationwide tournament Espandi Cup and the Tehran Hazfi Cup in 1979 as well as reaching the runners-up position in Tehran Province League and in Tehran Hazfi Cup in 1981.

## International career

Allahverdi was a member of the Iranian team competing in the football tournament of the Olympic Tournament in Munich in 1972. He also participated at the 1978 FIFA World Cup as a member of the squad, where he played the third and last match Irans against Peru.
# Hossein Rasouli

Hossein Rasouli (Persian: حسین رسولی, born December 22, 1999)is an Iranian discus thrower. He became the champion of Asian Junior Athletics Championships in 2018. Rasouli became Iran 2022 Athletic Championships's runner-up after Ehsan Haddadi in 2022.
# Battle of Ticonderoga

Battle of Ticonderoga may refer to:
* Battle of Ticonderoga (1758) or Battle of Carillon, an unsuccessful British attack on a numerically disadvantaged French garrison
* Battle of Ticonderoga (1759), a British approach that forced a small French garrison to withdraw
* Battle of Ticonderoga (1775) or Capture of Fort Ticonderoga, a surprise capture of the fort by Americans
* Battle of Ticonderoga (1777), a British army approach that forced the Continental Army to withdraw
# Nichifor

Nichifor, also Nechifor is a Romanian given name and surname derived from the Greek name Nikephoros, (Νικηφόρος), "Bringer of Victory". Notable people with the name include:
* Nichifor Crainic, Romanian writer, editor, philosopher, poet and theologian
* Nichifor Tarara, Romanian sprint canoer
* Șerban Nichifor, Romanian composer, cellist and music educator
# Lactobacillus helveticus

Lactobacillus helveticus is a gram-positive, lactic-acid producing, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus. It is most commonly used in the production of American Swiss cheese and Emmental cheese, but is also sometimes used in making other styles of cheese, such as Cheddar, Parmesan, Romano, provolone, and mozzarella. The primary function of L. helveticus culture is to prevent bitterness and produce nutty flavors in the final cheese. In Emmental cheese production, L. helveticus is used in conjunction with a Propionibacterium culture, which is responsible for developing the holes (known as "eyes") through production of carbon dioxide gas.
Ingestion of powdered milk fermented with L. helveticus was shown to decrease blood pressure due to the presence of manufactured tripeptides that have ACE inhibitor activity. However, results have been contradictory in later studies.
Lactobacillus helveticus has been studied together with Bifidobacterium longum in the treatment of depression and anxiety. A reduction in psychological stress was observed.
The bacterium's specific name is an adjective derived from "Helvetia", the Latin name for the region occupied by the ancient Helvetii (and for modern Switzerland). The bacterium is also used as probiotic.
# Jeu des petits chevaux

Jeu des petits chevaux (lit. 'game of small horses') is a French cross and circle game, closely related to ludo. It consists of moving several pawns (called horses) to the home reserved for their color. Each player will receive between 1 and 3 horses in general. The first player to reach the last triangular square wins the game.

## Rules

Two to four players each have one or more horse pawns, and play by rolling a dice in turn. A player must first roll a 6 with the dice to be able to remove a horse from his stable. He must then make it go through all the squares located on the periphery of the board, moving it forward by a number of squares equal to the result of the die. The pawns are advanced clockwise.
There are different special cases. Thus, when a horse arrives on a space occupied by a competitor, it sends it back to its stable (the start). On the other hand, if the player arrives on a square occupied by another horse of his color, he stops his pawn just behind. Finally, a 6 obtained on the dice allows you to replay.
After his pawn has gone around the board, the player must make the exact number on the dice so that he stops in front of his staircase. For example, if the horse pawn is located three squares from the bottom of the stairs, the player must roll a 3 on his dice to take his pawn down the stairs. If the number is too large, he advances his pawn to the bottom square of the stairs, then moves it back by the number of squares corresponding to the difference between the number to be made and the number made; taking the example again: if the player rolls 4 with the dice, he will move the pawn forward three spaces, then move it back one space.
Once a player's pawn is in the square in front of the stairs of his color, he must go up step by step to the center of the game. For this, the player must obtain the exact number entered each time. in the box, and a 6 to get to the cut.
The victory is won by the first player who manages to bring, according to variants, one or more of his horse pawns to the cup.
Each player is free to bring out the number of horses he wants, but he can only move one horse per turn.
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# List of prime ministers of Mozambique

This article lists the prime ministers of Mozambique, since the establishment of the office of prime minister of Portuguese Mozambique in 1974.
The current prime minister is Maria Benvinda Levy. She assumed the office on 15 January 2025.

## Prime ministers of Mozambique (1974–present)

| No. | Prime Minister | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Party | Election |
| Portuguese Mozambique ||||||||
| 1 | Chissano, JoaquimJoaquim Chissano (born 1939) | 20 September 1974 | 25 June 1975 | 278 days | FRELIMO | — |
| People's Republic of Mozambique ||||||||
| Post abolished (25 June 1975 – 17 July 1986) ||||||||
| 1 | Machungo, MárioMário da Graça Machungo (1940–2020) | 17 July 1986 | 1 December 1990 | 4 years, 137 days | FRELIMO | — |
| Republic of Mozambique ||||||||
| (1) | Machungo, MárioMário da Graça Machungo (1940–2020) | 1 December 1990 | 16 December 1994 | 4 years, 15 days | FRELIMO | — |
| 2 | Mocumbi, PascoalPascoal Mocumbi (1941–2023) | 16 December 1994 | 17 February 2004 | 9 years, 63 days | FRELIMO | 1994 1999 |
| 3 | Diogo, LuísaLuísa Diogo (born 1958) | 17 February 2004 | 16 January 2010 | 5 years, 333 days | FRELIMO | 2004 |
| 4 | Ali, AiresAires Ali (born 1955) | 16 January 2010 | 8 October 2012 | 2 years, 266 days | FRELIMO | 2009 |
| 5 | Vaquina, AlbertoAlberto Vaquina (born 1961) | 8 October 2012 | 17 January 2015 | 2 years, 101 days | FRELIMO | — |
| 6 | Rosário, CarlosCarlos Agostinho do Rosário (born 1954) | 17 January 2015 | 3 March 2022 | 7 years, 45 days | FRELIMO | 2014 2019 |
| 7 | Maleiane, AdrianoAdriano Maleiane (born 1949) | 3 March 2022 | 15 January 2025 | 2 years, 318 days | FRELIMO | — |
| 8 | Levy, MariaMaria Benvinda Levy (born 1969) | 15 January 2025 | | 14 days | FRELIMO | 2024 |
# Lucie Dreyfus

Lucie Dreyfus-Hadamard (23 August 1869 – 14 December 1945) was the wife of Alfred Dreyfus.

## Life

Lucie Hadamard was born into a Parisian Jewish family in 1869. She married Alfred Dreyfus in 1890. The pair had two children: Pierre, born 1891, and Jeanne, born 1893.
In 1894, as part of the Dreyfus Affair, Alfred Dreyfus was court-martialed for espionage and sentenced to a penal colony. Lucie worked to convince French authorities to exonerate her husband. She petitioned Parliament in 1896 but her petition was denied. In 1898 she published a collection of his letters under the title Letters of an Innocent. A subsequent petition resulted in a second court-martial being convened, which ultimately resulted in Alfred's exoneration.
During the First World War Lucie worked as a Red Cross nurse. Alfred died in 1935. During the Second World War, Lucie lived in a convent to avoid becoming a victim of the Holocaust; a granddaughter, Madeleine Lévy, was killed in Auschwitz. Lucie died in Paris in 1945.

## Cultural depictions

In Dreyfus (1930, Germany) Lucie Dreyfus was played by Grete Mosheim.
In Dreyfus (1931, UK) she was played by Beatrix Thomson.
In The Life of Emile Zola (1937), Lucie was played by Gale Sondergaard.
In the 1958 film I Accuse!, Lucie was played by Viveca Lindfors.
In An Officer and a Spy (2020; French: J'Accuse), Lucie was played by Swan Starosta.
# Pärnamäe Cemetery

Pärnamäe Cemetery (Estonian: Pärnamäe kalmistu) is a cemetery in Pirita District, Tallinn, Estonia. Its area is 105.6 ha.
The cemetery was opened in 1962, and the cemetery was the merger of two former cemeteries. The first burial took place in 1963.
In 1993, a crematorium (the first in Estonia) was opened at the cemetery.

## Burials

* Andres Ehin (1940–2011), writer and translator
* Boris Jaanikosk (1897–1976), film actor and film director
* Leida Laius (1923–1996), estonian film director
* Friedrich-Alfred Olbrei [et] (1893–1972) scientist, broadcaster, and military engineer
* Semyon Semyonovich Shkolnikov (1918–2015), cinematographer, director, and screenwriter
* Hannes Starkopf (1965–2021), sculptor
* Enn Toona (1909–1973), actor and director
* Konstantin Treffner (1885–1978), educator and politician
* Debora Vaarandi (1916–2007), writer
# John Bettis House

The John Bettis House is a historic house on the north side of Arkansas Highway 14 in Pleasant Grove, Arkansas, a short way south of its junction with Stone County Road 32.

## Description and history

It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-framed structure with American Craftsman styling. It is L-shaped in plan, with a broad clipped gable roof that has exposed rafter ends in the eaves. The porch, set in the crook of the L, is recessed under the roof, and is supported by battered columns on brick piers. A clipped-gable dormer projects from the roof above the porch. The house was built about 1929, and is the first farmhouse in the county documented to depart from vernacular architectural styles in which they were previously built.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 17, 1985.
# James Duff (businessman)

James Ernest Duff (born 1961) is an American billionaire businessman. Alongside his brother Thomas Duff, he co-owns Southern Tire Mart, the nation's largest truck tire dealer and retread manufacturer, and Duff Capital Investors, the largest privately owned business in Mississippi. With a net worth of $3.3 billion, the Duff brothers are the wealthiest individuals in Mississippi.

## Early life and education

Duff was born in 1961 and raised in Columbia, Mississippi. His mother is Bobbie Baggett Duff, and his late father was Ernest Duff, a lawyer and businessman. He has three siblings: Thomas Duff, Stephen Duff, and Jane Duff Thomley.
Duff graduated from Columbia Academy and later attended Utah Valley University, where he studied business.

## Career

James’s father, Ernest Duff, founded Southern Tire Mart in 1973. James and his brother Thomas both worked there as teenagers and assumed control of the struggling company in 1983. They later sold it in 1998 to Tire Distribution Systems. In 2003, they purchased the company back for $15 million and rebranded it as Southern Tire Mart. At the time of the purchase, sales revenue was $90 million. By 2023, Southern Tire Mart's revenues had grown to exceed $3.5 billion, making it the nation’s largest truck tire dealer and retread manufacturer. It remains the largest of the companies under the Duff Capital Investors (DCI) umbrella.
James and Thomas co-founded Duff Capital Investors, a holding company with total revenues exceeding $5 billion. DCI is the largest privately owned business in Mississippi, employing over 15,000 people. Since 2009, the brothers have been the only members of the Forbes 400 list from Mississippi. Together, they remain the wealthiest individuals in Mississippi.

## Personal life

James is married with two children and resides in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. He is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
# 2023 Pakistan election delay case

The 2023 Pakistan election delay case pertains to a legal dispute between the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) over the postponement of the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa elections from April 30 to October 8, 2023. A five-member larger bench, led by Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Umar Ata Bandial and comprising Justice Ijaz Ul Ahsan, Justice Munib Akhtar, Justice Amin-Ud-Din Khan, and Justice Jamal Khan Mandokhail, is currently hearing the case.

## Background

Following the ECP's decision to defer the elections due to financial and security concerns, the PTI approached the Supreme Court for a resolution. While the apex court was set to resume the hearing on 30 March 2023, Justice Aminuddin Khan recused himself after a Supreme Court order halted proceedings under Article 184(3).

## The case

The case's complexities stem from a 4-3 or 3-2 majority ruling on the Supreme Court's March 1 verdict, along with the government's need to maintain a peaceful political environment. Chief Justice of Pakistan Umar Ata Bandial has called on all political parties to guarantee cooperation for a fair electoral process.
The apex court has demanded that the ECP clarify the legal and factual questions posed by the PTI petition and ensure transparent elections. Moreover, the ECP's authority to nullify the election date set by the president has come under scrutiny, with Justice Munib Akhtar alleging that the ECP's decisions have impeded the Supreme Court's directives.
As the case continues, any further developments will decide the future of the 2023 Pakistan elections.
# Yalu: The Chinese Counteroffensive in Korea, November 1950 to May 1951

Yalu, subtitled "The Chinese Counteroffensive in Korea, November 1950 - May 1951", is a board wargame published by Conflict Games in 1977 that simulates the major Chinese counteroffensive in October 1950 during the Korean War.

## Background

In September 1950, the United Nations and the army of South Korea broke out of the Pusan Perimeter, and began driving north against a poorly equipped North Korean Army, who had outrun their supply lines. The UN offensive was successful, and the UN forces invaded North Korea with the aim of conquering all of Korea and bringing the two sides together by force. China warned the UN not to approach the Yalu River, which marked the Sino-Korean border, or it would intervene on North Korea's side. General Douglas MacArthur advised American President Harry S Truman that the Chinese were bluffing, and the UN offensive continued northward towards the border. On 25 October 1950, 200,000 Chinese soldiers crossed the North Korean border and engaged UN forces in a massive surprise offensive.

## Description

Yalu is a board wargame for two players in which one player controls UN forces and the other Chinese and North Korean forces. The two sides are asymmetrical: The UN forces have more supplies and more combat strength, but are inferior in mobility and have fewer units; the Chinese have more units, more mobility and the ability to move freely through UN zones of control, but have fewer supplies and not as much offensive punch. Each turn represents one week of game time.

## Publication history

Game designer John Hill had started creating board wargames in 1972, using his own company, Conflict Games, to publish a first edition. He then usually sold the games to Simulations Design Corporation (SDC). In 1977, Hill designed Yalu and published the first edition through Conflict Games. However, by this time, SDC had gone out of business so Hill sold the game to Game Designers' Workshop.
In 2009, Compass Games republished Yalu with an updated map and some rules revisions.

## Reception

In the 1980 book The Complete Book of Wargames, game designer Jon Freeman pointed out that John Hill's games were criticized for favoring the feel of a game over historical accuracy. As Freeman noted, "reality is sacrificed to form — not always with any good results. Yalu distorts geography (in the mapboard), history (in the appearance and strength of various units)." Despite this, Freeman concluded by giving this game an Overall Evaluation of "Fair", saying, "Yalu is reasonably balanced, fast-moving and fun."
In The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training, Richard Rydzel called this "an interesting and simple game, but it requires a very good U.N. player to survive, let alone win. It is very easy to learn and play."