OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of Philippine typhoons (1900–1929)

The Philippines is an archipelagic country located in Southeast Asia, beside the northwest Pacific Ocean. The nation consists of 7,641 islands. The country is known to be "the most exposed country in the world to tropical storms", with about twenty tropical cyclones entering the Philippine area of responsibility each year. In the Filipino, tropical cyclones are generally called bagyo.
Climatologically, in the Northwest Pacific basin, most tropical cyclones develop between May and October. However, the Philippines can experience a tropical cyclone anytime in the year, with the most storms during the months of June to September. This article includes any tropical cyclone of any intensity that affected the Philippines from 2000 onwards.

## Systems
### 1900s
#### 1900

* August 17, 1900 - A typhoon wrecked the province of Albay, wrecking a ship. The typhoon had no recorded fatalities.
* September 23, 1900 - A typhoon crossed the Visayas archipelago, the typhoon caused 1,600 fatalities and destroyed multiple buildings and farms.
* September 29, 1900 - A typhoon crossed the Philippines, later dissipating in Vietnam.
* October 5, 1900 - A typhoon affected the Samar Island, dissipating in Vietnam.
* October 30, 1900 - A typhoon moved westward across the Philippines, again dissipating in Vietnam.
* November 4, 1900 - A typhoon, named the Hong Kong typhoon, moved westward across the Philippines.

#### 1901

* May 14, 1901 - A typhoon moved westward across the Philippines, curving westward and later striking Taiwan.
* July 12, 1901 - A typhoon formed east of Luzon, later moving through Cagayan and Ilocos.
* September 8, 1901 - A storm formed east of the Visayas archipelago.
* September 30, 1901 - A storm formed east of Luzon, crossing Nueva Ecija and Pangasinan, later curving north affecting Batanes.

#### 1902

* January 1, 1902 - A depression crossed Mindanao, affecting four ships.
* January 4, 1902 - A typhoon crossed Leyte, approaching Cebu then recurved to Masbate and dissipated in Northern Samar.
* January 8, 1902 - A depression crossed Mindanao, being responsible for heavy rains over the region.
* January 12, 1902 - A depression crossed Surigao and crossed the Jolo Sea.
* January 18, 1902 - A depression went to Mindanao and went to the Jolo Sea.
* May 18, 1902 - A depression curved around Luzon and went to Japan.
* May 27, 1902 - A typhoon crossed Luzon and ended up in the South China Sea, passing Vigan.
* June 20, 1902 - A depression approached the Philippines, then moved towards the Balintang Channel, then went to the Ryukyu Islands.
* July 6, 1902 - A depression went towards Northern Samar, then crossed Masbate and Mindoro, making its way to Hainan.
# Portarlington railway station

vteDublin to Galway/Westport :
Legend :
vteSouth Western Commuter :
Legend :
Portarlington station is a railway station on the Dublin-Cork Main Line.
It is the branching-off/exchange point for services to Galway, Ballina, and Westport. The Galway/Mayo line diverges at the west end of the station via a single lead junction towards Athlone.
The station is situated just outside Portarlington, County Laois, Ireland.
The station formerly had a third track between the platforms "the centre or middle road" which was removed in 2005 when the platforms were lengthened and widened in preparation for the introduction of Mk 4 Inter City trains.

## History

The station opened on 26 June 1847.

## Services
### Train Services

| Preceding station | Iarnród Éireann | Following station |
| Kildare | InterCity Mallow-Tralee railway line (Sundays only) | Portlaoise |
| Kildare | InterCity Dublin–Westport/Galway railway line | Tullamore |
| Kildare | InterCity Ballina branch line | Tullamore |
| Monasterevin | Commuter South Western Commuter | Portlaoise |
# 1950 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles

First-seeded Margaret Osborne duPont defeated Doris Hart 6–3, 6–3 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1950 U.S. National Championships.

## Seeds

The six seeded U.S. players are listed below. Margaret Osborne duPont is the champion; others show in brackets the round in which they were eliminated.
* Margaret Osborne duPont (champion)
* Doris Hart (finalist)
* Louise Brough (third round)
* Beverly Baker (semifinals)
* Pat Canning Todd (quarterfinals)
* Shirley Fry (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* r = Retired

### Final eight

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Margaret Osborne duPont | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Pat Canning Todd | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Pat Canning Todd | 4 | 1 | 1 | Margaret Osborne duPont | 6 | 1 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | | Nancy Chaffee | 1 | 6 | 0 | | | | |
| | Nancy Chaffee | 6 | 6 | | Nancy Chaffee | 1 | 6 | 0 | | | | |
| | Barbara Scofield | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Barbara Scofield | 2 | 2 | | | | | | 1 | Margaret Osborne duPont | 6 | 6 |
| | | | | | | | | | 4 | Doris Hart | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | Doris Hart | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | 4 | Doris Hart | 3 | 3 |
| 6 | Shirley Fry | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| 6 | Shirley Fry | 4 | 4 | 2 | Doris Hart | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | | | | 4 | Beverly Baker | 4 | 1 | | | | | |
| 4 | Beverly Baker | 6 | 9 | 4 | Beverly Baker | 4 | 1 | | | | | |
| | Betty Rosenquest | 2 | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
# Noseweek

Noseweek is a monthly South African tabloid about the nation's published by Chaucer Publications that appeared in print from June 1993 to mid-2021. It is best known for regular legal action against it, including a failed bid at interdiction by banking group FirstRand in 2008 (where editor Martin Welz represented himself) and defamation actions by judge Fikile Bam and former public protector Selby Baqwa.
In 2021, Noseweek lost a defamation case against senior attorney Leonard Katz, who sued Noseweek over a 2014 article that made allegations about Katz's behavior in liquidation trials. Editor Martin Welz and publisher Chaucer Publications were ordered to pay R330 000, about a third of the million Katz sought, as well as legal charges. Following the 2021 ruling, Martin Welz announced that Noseweek's print publication was "unlikely to survive" though operations might continue online. He called the occasion a "sad end to an independent print publication that has unashamedly taken up the cause of the underdog, spoken truth to power, and managed to survive the odds with good humour for 28 years."
# Dulab Rural District (Qeshm County)

Dulab Rural District (Persian: دهستان دولاب) is in Hara District of Qeshm County, Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dulab.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of Shahab District) was 8,643 in 1,897 households. There were 9,792 inhabitants in 2,313 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 10,591 in 2,725 households. The most populous of its 13 villages was Basaidu, with 2,228 people.
In 2017, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Hara District.
# 4,4'-Dinitro-3,3'-diazenofuroxan

4,4’-Dinitro-3,3’-diazenofuroxan (DDF) is a powerful experimental high explosive, with performance comparable to that of other high-density high-explosives such as octanitrocubane. It is synthesised by oxidative coupling of 4-amino-3-(azidocarbonyl)furoxan followed by Curtius rearrangement and further oxidation.
# Nicole Freedman

Nicole Freedman (born May 21, 1972) is an American Olympic cyclist.

## Early life and career

Freedman, who is Jewish, was born in Wellesley, Massachusetts. She attended MIT, and then Stanford University. Among the teams she has competed on are Shaklee (1997–1998), Charles Schwab (1999–2000), Credit Suisse First Boston (2001), RONA (2002), and Basis (2003–).
In 1997, she was a US National Team member. She was a member of the US cycling team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia (and competed in the 119.7 km women's road race), and won the 64-mile (103 km) US National Championship Road Race. In 2001, she won the US National Championship Criterium. In 2003, she came in second in the Israel National Championship road race.
In 2001, she was honored by the US Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
In 2007, Freedman became head of the "Boston Bikes" initiative for the City of Boston under Mayor Thomas Menino.
On April 3, 2012, Freedman announced that she would become the executive director of Maine Huts & Trails, transitioning into the role that April and replacing David Herring as the second full-time Executive Director for the organization.
Nicole returned to the position of Director of the Boston Bikes program in January 2013.
Freedman resigned from Boston Bikes in March 2015 pending a move to Seattle, Washington.
Subsequently, she became the Chief of Active Transportation & Partnerships in the Seattle Department of Transportation per their organizational chart of July 2015 She was located in the Transit and Mobility group and worked on the Puget Sound Bike Share initiative as well as a new Summer Parkways program.
On September 12, 2016, Nicole was appointed to be Director of Transportation for the City of Newton, MA.
# 1955 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles

First-seeded Doris Hart defeated unseeded Patricia Ward 6–4, 6–2 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1955 U.S. National Championships. Hart won the tournament without losing a set.

## Seeds

The seeded players are listed below. Doris Hart is the champion; others show in brackets the round in which they were eliminated.
* Doris Hart (champion)
* Louise Brough (third round)
* Beverly Baker Fleitz (semifinals)
* Dorothy Knode (semifinals)
* Barbara Davidson (quarterfinals)
* Shirley Fry (third round)
* Dorothy Bundy Cheney (first round)
* Barbara Breit (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* r = Retired

### Final eight

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Doris Hart | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Nancy Chaffee | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Nancy Chaffee | 4 | 4 | | 1 | Doris Hart | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | | 4 | Dorothy Knode | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| 6 | Shirley Fry | 7 | 6 | | 4 | Dorothy Knode | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| 4 | Dorothy Knode | 9 | 8 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Dorothy Knode | 9 | 8 | | | | | | 1 | Doris Hart | 6 | 6 |
| | | | | | | | | | | Patricia Ward | 4 | 2 |
| 3 | Beverly Baker Fleitz | 6 | 6 | 0 | | | | | | | | | Patricia Ward | 4 | 2 |
| 8 | Barbara Breit | 8 | 4 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | Barbara Breit | 8 | 4 | 6 | 8 | Barbara Breit | 1 | 2 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Patricia Ward | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | Patricia Ward | 9 | 6 | | | Patricia Ward | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | Belmar Gunderson | 7 | 0 | | | | | | | | | |
# Wootton bridge collapse

52°19′01″N 1°33′52″W﻿ / ﻿52.31687°N 1.56457°W﻿ / 52.31687; -1.56457
The Wootton bridge collapse occurred on 11 June 1861, when the rail bridge over the road between Leek Wootton and Hill Wootton in Warwickshire collapsed under the weight of a passing goods train on the line between Leamington Spa and Kenilworth owned by the London and North Western Railway Company. The train had passed over the bridge safely in the morning with a full load of coal, and was returning to Kenilworth with the empty wagons at 7 am. The 30 ton locomotive fell through the deck of the bridge onto the road below, and the tender crashed into the cab, killing driver and fireman instantly. Many of the empty wagons behind were dragged into the gap to form a pile almost up to the height of nearby telegraph poles.

## Investigation

Henry Whatley Tyler of the Railway Inspectorate examined the accident on behalf of the Board of Trade. He reported that the five cast iron girders which supported the base of the wooden bridge had all fractured near their centres, and so caused the accident. One in particular had been mended some years before, and he thought that the failure had started here. Angle iron had been fitted along the girder to support a crack in the flange, and had been bolted onto the cast iron. Far from strengthening the girder it had actually weakened it further. In hindsight, it is likely that cracks in the girders had grown to a critical size during the initial passage of the heavy train, which then gave way when the empty train returned.

## Similar accidents

It is memorable for coming after the Dee bridge disaster of 1847, when another cast iron bridge had failed. Cast iron should not have been used in this safety-critical application, and the design seems very strange, using cast iron where timber baulks would have sufficed. The bridge had been built in 1844, well before the Dee accident, and patched with the angle iron in 1853. The discovery of the cracked girder should have alerted engineers to the problem, and all should have been replaced entirely. Cast iron failures remained a problem for many years, culminating in the fall of the Tay Rail Bridge in December, 1879 with over 75 casualties in the passenger express passing over the viaduct at the time the cast iron columns collapsed. The problem did not end there, however, because so much cast iron had been used on the rail network. A cast iron under-bridge failed suddenly under a train during the Inverythan crash in 1882, killing five passengers on the train. The event which really focused minds occurred in 1891, when another girder failed under the Brighton express. Although no-one was killed, the furore caused by the Norwood Junction rail accident led to a survey of all under-bridges. Several thousand were eventually found, and ultimately strengthened or replaced.
# Výsluní

Výsluní (earlier also Suniperk; German: Sonnenberg) is a town in Chomutov District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Výsluní consists of six municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Výsluní (209)
* Kýšovice (3)
* Sobětice (15)
* Třebíška (10)
* Úbočí (0)
* Volyně (25)

## Geography

Výsluní is located about 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Chomutov and 36 km (22 mi) northeast of Karlovy Vary. It briefly borders Germany in the north. It lies in the Ore Mountains. The highest point is at 914 metres (2,999 ft) above sea level. The stream of Prunéřovský potok originates in the municipal territory and flows through the town to the east, then turns to the southwest and forms the municipal border.

## History

Výsluní was founded as a mining settlement. Silver, copper, tin and lead ores had been mined in the vicinity of Výsluní since the 14th century. Výsluní itself was founded in the 16th century, the first written mention is from 1547. In 1565, it was referred to as a market town, and in 1584, it became a mining town.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 2,631 | — |
| 1880 | 2,617 | −0.5% |
| 1890 | 2,562 | −2.1% |
| 1900 | 2,604 | +1.6% |
| 1910 | 2,722 | +4.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 2,280 | −16.2% |
| 1930 | 2,062 | −9.6% |
| 1950 | 427 | −79.3% |
| 1961 | 444 | +4.0% |
| 1970 | 322 | −27.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 240 | −25.5% |
| 1991 | 188 | −21.7% |
| 2001 | 207 | +10.1% |
| 2011 | 325 | +57.0% |
| 2021 | 262 | −19.4% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

Výsluní is located on the railway line Chomutov–Cranzahl. However, trains run on it only on weekends in the summer season.

## Sights

The town is known for the Church of Saint Wenceslaus, the largest church in the Upper Ore Mountains, popularly known as the Ore Mountains Cathedral. It dominates the town and is visible on the southern slope of the mountains far into the Most Basin.
The town hall is an Empire style building from 1846.

## In popular culture

The town's church appeared in many film works: The Borgias, Henri 4, Year of the Devil, Forgotten Light, Thirty Cases of Major Zeman, and Feuer frei! music video.
# 1933 in Afghanistan

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The following lists events that happened during 1933 in Afghanistan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Mohammed Nadir Shah was assassinated in 8 November, Mohammed Zahir Shah (starting 8 November)
* Prime Minister – Mohammad Hashim Khan

## February 1933

Towards the end of the month a "Crazy Fakir" appears in the Khost district in the south of Afghanistan, proclaiming that the ex-king Amanullah will soon arrive. At his instigation a number of tribesmen take up arms with the intention of marching on Kabul, and they receive considerable reinforcements from the Wazir and Mahsud tribes across the Indian border. They meet the government troops which were sent south to oppose them in the neighbourhood of Matun, and some sharp fighting takes place at the end of February and beginning of March. The tribesmen from across the border then begin to withdraw at the bidding of some of their elders who were sent by the British authorities to recall them, and the uprising soon comes to an end. Later in the year one of the ringleaders, Tor Malang, is executed with some of his associates, but the "Crazy Fakir", who fled abroad, is allowed to return with the assurance of a free pardon, on account of his advanced age.

## July 1933

Afghanistan becomes a party to the Eight-Power Pact of Nonaggression formulated by the Soviet Union.

## October 6, 1933

The first Afghan minister, Habibullah Tarzi, arrives in Tokyo. It was decided earlier in the year to establish an Afghan legation there on account of the increasing demand in Afghanistan for Japanese textiles, chemicals, and machinery.

## November 8, 1933

King Mohammed Nadir Shah is assassinated at a school prize-giving in the courtyard of the palace. The assassin proves to be a servant of Yusufzai Sardar Ali Gholam Nabi Khan, who was executed for conspiracy and treason exactly a year previously, and his motive was to avenge his master. He is executed along with a number of his associates on December 22. Nadir Shah reigned for just over four years, during which time he laboured chiefly to instil into his subjects a desire for national unity and for peaceful progress in the arts of civilization. The success of his policy is demonstrated by the fact that his assassination has no political repercussions. His son Mohammed Zahir Shah, a youth of 19, is immediately proclaimed king, and receives the allegiance of his three uncles, Mohammad Hashim Khan, the prime minister, Faiz Mohammad Khan, the minister for foreign affairs, and Shah Mahmud Khan, the minister of war, and of the rest of the ministry, the Ulemas, and the tribal leaders. Kabul soon resumes its wonted aspect and the rest of the country remains perfectly quiet. One of the new king's first acts is to pardon Ghulam Dastgir, the Kotkai pretender, who had given a good deal of trouble earlier in the year and who now transfers his allegiance from Amanullah to Zahir Shah.
# 1730 Valparaíso earthquake

The 1730 Valparaíso earthquake occurred at 04:45 local time (08:45 UTC) on July 8. It had an estimated magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and triggered a major tsunami with an estimated magnitude of M$_t$  8.75, that inundated the lower parts of Valparaíso. The earthquake caused severe damage from La Serena to Chillan, while the tsunami affected more than 1,000 km (620 mi) of Chile's coastline.

## Tectonic setting

The earthquake took place along the boundary between the Nazca and South American tectonic plates, at a location where they converge at a rate of seventy millimeters a year.
Chile has been at a convergent plate boundary that generates megathrust earthquakes since the Paleozoic (500 million years ago). In historical times the Chilean coast has suffered many megathrust earthquakes along this plate boundary, including the strongest earthquake ever measured. Most recently, the boundary ruptured in 2010 in central Chile.

## Damage

The earthquake caused severe damage over a wide area, Valparaíso, Coquimbo, Illapel, Petorca and Tiltil were all affected. The parish church in La Serena was destroyed.
Only a few deaths were recorded due to the earthquake, reportedly because a strong foreshock had caused people to leave their homes. The same is also true for the following tsunami with the inhabitants running to higher ground after seeing the water recede, so that only a few were killed.

## Characteristics
### Earthquake

At about 01:00 local time in Santiago, there was a strong earthquake, followed by several smaller tremors. The main shock occurred at 4:45 local time.
A 350–550 km (220–340 mi) long rupture has been estimated for this event, from the extent of severe damage.

### Tsunami

The tsunami occurred immediately after the mainshock, with a maximum run-up height recorded at Concepción of 16 m. It was also observed at Callao, Peru and in Honshu, Japan where fields were flooded in Rikuzen and the Oshika Peninsula.
# Portlaoise railway station

vteDublin–Cork :
Legend :
vteSouth Western Commuter :
Legend :
Portlaoise railway station is a station on the Dublin to Cork/Limerick lines in Ireland. It is also the terminus for the South Western Commuter also called the Portlaoise Commuter Line which forms part of the Dublin Suburban Rail network in the commuter belt for Dublin. It is the busiest county town railway station in the midlands region with up to 32 trains to Dublin (10 Non-Stop) and 30 trains from Dublin (9 Non-Stop) per day.
It is situated in Portlaoise town centre, in County Laois.

## History

Portlaoise (formerly Maryborough) railway station opened on 26 June 1847. It was designed by Sancton Wood.
In March 2008, Irish Rail opened a new Traincare depot south-west of Portlaoise town centre (officially opened on 25 July 2008). The depot provides a high quality maintenance and servicing facility for the 183 intercity railcars and some facilities for outer suburban railcars serving the Dublin - Portlaoise route. Irish Rail also have their Permanent Way depot South of the station.

## Service
### Train Services

Station services include but not limited to parking on both sides of station, coffee served daily from 5am by “bloom coffee box” accessibility aids and much more
| Preceding station | Iarnród Éireann | Iarnród Éireann | Iarnród Éireann | Following station |
| Dublin Heuston or Portarlington | | InterCity Dublin-Cork railway line | | Ballybrophy |
| Portarlington | | Commuter South Western Commuter | | Terminus |

### Bus Services

TFI Local Link routes 828, 850, and 858 serve the station providing links to locations such as Thurles, Roscrea, Cashel, Urlingford, Durrow and Abbeyleix and in the other direction to the Midland Regional Hospital, Portlaoise. The bus stop is located just outside the station building on Station Road (accessed via stairs from Platform 1).