OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Toporivtsi

Toporivtsi (Ukrainian: Топорівці; Romanian: Toporăuți) is a village in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Toporivtsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
Until 18 July 2020, Toporivtsi belonged to Novoselytsia Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Novoselytsia Raion was split between Chernivtsi and Dnistrovskyi Raions, with Toporivtsi being transferred to Chernivtsi Raion. Toporivtsi rural hromada also included the villages of Hrozyntsi, Kolinkivtsi, and Bochkivtsi, which belonged to Khotyn Raion. After the reform, these villages were transferred to Chernivtsi Raion.

## Notable people

* Aurel Morariu (1886–1945), Romanian lawyer and politician
* Sofia Vicoveanca (born 1941), popular music singer
# Jernej Godec

Jernej Godec (born January 16, 1986, in Ljubljana) is a freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Slovenia, who competed for his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece and the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.
Member of the Ilirija Swimming Club from Ljubljana, Slovenia; his former coaches include Aleš Cerkovnik and Borut Klinec but in 2004 moved to the USA as a student-athlete majoring in Molecular and Cell Biology and competing for the University of California, Berkeley. After training with coach Mike Bottom for several years he continued under the current Cal Golden Bears swimming team head coach Dave Durden. He moved to Boston, MA to continue pursuing a doctoral degree in Immunology at Harvard University, which he completed in 2016. Jernej now lives in New York City, NY.
Godec currently holds the Slovenian national records in 50 m freestyle (22.19) and 50 m butterfly (23.20) in long course (50 m) swimming pools as well as 50 meter butterfly (22.47), 50 meter freestyle (21.18), and 50 meter backstroke (23.53) in short course (25 m) pools and still holds numerous national records in different age group categories. With these times, he is currently ranked as 15th in 50m butterfly (long course meters pool) and 9th in 50m butterfly, 17th in 50m freestyle, 21st in 50m backstroke (short course meters pool) on the FINA all-time world rankings. He is married to a dermatologist in Winchester.

## Achievements

* 2003:
** European Junior Championships — 3rd, 100 m freestyle; 5th, 200 m freestyle
** World Aquatics Championships — 10th, 4×100 m medley relay
* 2004: Olympic Games, Athens — 14th, 4×100 m medley relay
* 2005:
** World Aquatics Championships — 19th, 50 m butterfly; 25th, 50 m freestyle; 12th, 4×100 m freestyle relay; final, 4×100 m medley relay (dq)
** Mediterranean Games — 3rd, 50 m freestyle
* 2006: European LC Championships — 9th, 50 m butterfly; 11th, 50 m freestyle; 14th, 100 m butterfly
* 2007: World Aquatics Championships — 14th, 50 m freestyle; 14th, 50 m butterfly
* 2008:
** Olympic Games, Beijing — 18th, 50 m freestyle
** World Short Course Swimming Championships — 7th, 50 m freestyle; 12th, 50 m butterfly
* 2009:
** World Aquatics Championships — 12th, 50 m butterfly
** World University Games — 1st, 50 m butterfly
** CISM World Military Championships — 1st, 50 m butterfly (CISM Record); 1st, 50 m freestyle; 2nd, 100 m freestyle
** European Short Course Swimming Championships — 4th, 50 m butterfly; 10th, 50 m freestyle; 10th, 4x50m medley relay: 12th 50m backstroke
# Megalocaria dilatata

Megalocaria dilatata, is a species of lady beetle native to India, Sri Lanka and Bhutan.

## Description

Body length is about 11 mm.This large ladybeetle has a circular outline and hemispherical strongly convex dorsum. Body bright orange to yellowish. There are ten black spots on elytra (five in each elytron). Spots are arranged in three rows of 1:2:2 fashion. Lateral margin of pronotum and elytral anterolateral margins are black. There is a diamond-shaped elongate spot on either side of inner margin of eyes on head. Scutellum totally black. Elytral marginal portion is much darker than the rest of the elytra. Elytra glabrous and finely punctate. Elytral interspace covered with micro sculptures. Ventrally, there is a prominent black spot found at the line of metasternum, and elytral epipleuron. Pronotum faint orange to yellow in color with two prominent black spots which are located on either side of scutellum.

## Biology

Body length is about 2.5 to 2.8 mm. Mating takes place in the morning. After the mating, female lays about 6 to 34 eggs in clutches. Egg stage is about 4 days. Larva undergo 4 instar stages, which lasted for about 9 days. The pre-pupal stage is about 2 days and the pupal stage is 3 days. The lifespan of adult female is about 55 days, whereas male has a lifespan of about 47 days. Larva is a voracious predator of many aphid species such as, Astegopteryx, and Aleurocanthus.
Adults are also predators of woolly aphids which infest bamboo and sugarcane such as Astegopteryx minima, Astegopteryx bambusae, Ceratovacuna silvestrii, and Pyrolachnus pyri.
# Yukari Ohno

Yukari Ohno (大野 ゆかり, Ōno Yukari, born 10 August 1975) is a Japanese ice hockey player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1998 Winter Olympics.
# Ulmus parvifolia 'Golden Rey'

The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Golden Rey' is an American clone selected by Oklahoma City nurseryman Bruce Rey in the late 1980s from a chance nursery seedling, and patented by him in 1990.

## Description

Chiefly distinguished by its leaves that emerge a uniform light yellow, maturing to chartreuse with touches of salmon pink, and by its spreading dome shape. The exfoliating bark is a mottled mix of grey, orange and brown.

## Pests and diseases

The species and its cultivars are highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease, and unaffected by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola.

## Cultivation

The cultivar has been much planted in Oklahoma City. 'Golden Rey' is not known to be in cultivation beyond the United States.

## Synonymy

* 'Golden Ray': in error.
* 'Aurea'

## Accessions

* Myriad Botanical Gardens, Oklahoma City.
* Juniper Level Botanic Gardens, Raleigh, North Carolina.
* J.C. Raulston Arboretum, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, US. 1 tree, accession number 031037, planted 2009.

## Nurseries
### North America

* ForestFarm Nursery, Williams, Oregon, US.
* Green Creek Nursery, Stephenville, Texas, US.
* Rosebrook Nursery, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, US.
# Comco Cash Spiel

The COMCO Cash Spiel is a bonspiel that is part of the men's and women's Ontario Curling Tour. The event is an annual event held in November and takes place at the Stroud Curling Club in Stroud, Ontario. The bonspiel is open to both men's and women's teams.

## Past Champions

| Year | Winning skip | Runner up skip | Purse (CAD) |
| 2004 | Rob Lipsett | | |
| 2005 | Al Hutchinson | | |
| 2006 | Daryl Shane | | |
| 2007 | Cory Heggestad | | |
| 2008 | Al Corbeil | | |
| 2010 | Cory Heggestad | Scott McPherson | $13,050 |
| 2011 | Cory Heggestad | Chris Wimmer | $13,500 |
| 2012 | Pat Ferris | Darryl Prebble | $13,500 |
| 2013 | Darryl Prebble | Pat Ferris | $13,500 |
| 2014 | Chris Wimmer | Michael Shepherd | $13,500 |
| 2015 | Dayna Deruelle | Cory Heggestad | $14,400 |
| 2016 | Dayna Deruelle | Jon St. Denis | $13,200 |
| 2017 | John Steski | Cory Heggestad | $12,500 |
| 2018 | Steve Allen | John Willsey | $12,000 |
| 2019 | Richard Krell | Cory Heggestad | $12,000 |
| 2022 | Pat Ferris | Dayna Deruelle | $11,000 |
| 2023 | Sam Mooibroek | Dayna Deruelle | $8,400 |
| 2024 | Park Jong-duk | Sam Steep | $12,000 |
# Peter Mankoč

Peter Mankoč (born 4 July 1978 in Ljubljana, Slovenia) is a Slovenian swimmer. He is one of the most successful short course European Championship swimmers in the history of the event. Mankoč is the former world record holder in the 100 meter individual medley (short course).

## Personal

Mankoč was born in Ljubljana, where he has lived most of his life. He began swimming competitively at the age of eight. During his swimming career, he was employed as a police officer by the Slovenian government.
He is married to an Estonian swimmer Triin Aljand. They have two daughters Brina and Elise and one son Erik.

## Swimming

With height of 1.92 m and weight of 87 kg, Mankoč has always been a short distance swimmer. His strength and explosiveness led to short courses sprint preference, where he has achieved his best results.
Mankoč is a member of Ilirija Ljubljana swimming club, where he developed under coach Dimitrij Mancevič.

## Swimming career overview

Mankoč participated in five Olympic Games, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012. His best result is a 10th place in the 100 metre butterfly at the 2008 Olympic Games.
He also participated in four long course World Championships, from 2001 to 2007.
He was swimming in 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002 and 2004 European Championship competitions with 4 finals appearances.
Apart from 5 short course World Championships medals, he also has 7 other finals finishes from 1997 to 2006.
Mankoč participated in 11 European Championship short course events, where he collected 17 medals in 26 finals appearances. He is the only swimmer with nine consecutive gold medals in one discipline, the 100 meter individual medley. In this event, he won 14 consecutive medals, from 1999 to 2012.

## Personal best times

Mankoč’s best times are sorted by FINA points calculation, a scoring system of the world swimming federation, which allows comparisons amongst different events. The points are correct in 2004–2008 Olympic game cycle. The ranking is correct as of December 2007 and represents European all-time ranking of personal records.
25 m course
| Stroke | Points | Ranked | Time | Year |
| 100 m medley | 1039 | #1 | 0:50.76 | 2009 |
| 100 m butterfly | 996 | #4 | 0:50.60 | 2007 |
| 200 m medley | 976 | #10 | 1:56.13 | 2002 |
| 50 m freestyle | 929 | #27 | 0:21.81 | 2002 |
| 50 m butterfly | 924 | #28 | 0:23,56 | 2006 |
| 100 m freestyle | 916 | #48 | 0:48.18 | 2003 |
| 50 m backstroke | 904 | #31 | 0:24.54 | 2001 |
50 m course
| Stroke | Points | Ranked | Time | Year |
| 50 m butterfly | 975 | #12 | 0:23.74 | 2007 |
| 100 m butterfly | 968 | #8 | 0:52.30 | 2007 |
| 100 m freestyle | 945 | #26 | 0:49.22 | 2005 |
| 200 m medley | 932 | #29 | 2:01.57 | 2002 |
| 200 m freestyle | 920 | #50 | 1:48.92 | 2003 |
| 50 m freestyle | 918 | #30 | 0:22.51 | 2005 |
# Theme from San Francisco

"Theme from San Francisco," also known as "San Francisco," is a song from the 1936 American film San Francisco. It was written by Bronislaw Kaper and Walter Jurmann, with lyrics by Gus Kahn. It is sung by Jeanette MacDonald six times in the film, and becomes an anthem for the survivors of the 1906 earthquake.
The lyrics of the chorus begin as follows: "San Francisco, open your Golden Gate You'll let no stranger wait outside your door San Francisco, here is your wanderin' one Saying I'll wander no more. "
The song is now a popular sentimental sing-along at public events such as the city's annual earthquake commemoration, as well as being played on the organ at the historic (1922) Castro Theatre prior to the showing of films. It is one of two official city songs, along with "I Left My Heart in San Francisco."
Judy Garland included the song in her concert repertoire, with a new introduction that starts, "I never will forget Jeanette MacDonald; just to think of her it gives my heart a pang. I never will forget, how that brave Jeanette, just stood there in the ruins and sang. A-a-a-and sang..." She opened a late 1950s concert at the Cow Palace with her version. It was so well and tumultuously received that she sang it again as an encore. In her later career, her interpretation grew darker. She parodies Jeanette's happy performance gradually becoming more serious, climaxing at, "but the only bridge that's a real gone bridge is the bridge across the bay," often sung with desperation near the point of collapse.
The song was also sung by the cast of Beach Blanket Babylon at Candlestick Park prior to Game 3 of the 1989 World Series on October 27, 1989, ten days following the Loma Prieta earthquake.
The song was played after every score by the San Francisco 49ers at Candlestick Park and continues on into their current games at Levi's Stadium.

## Other versions

Vikki Carr covered "San Francisco" on her 1963 debut LP, Color Her Great.
# Theresa Maxis Duchemin

Theresa Maxis Duchemin, IHM (born Almeide Maxis Duchemin, 1810–1892) was a Black Catholic missionary in Baltimore, Maryland. She was the first US-born African American to become a religious sister.
She helped found both the Oblate Sisters of Providence—the first order of Black nuns in the US—and the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. The latter, founded in Monroe, Michigan, was the first predominantly White order founded by an African American. Duchemin served as one of the earliest Black mother superiors in the nation.
She opened multiple schools and orphanages in the Michigan and the Pennsylvania areas, and was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame. But the IHM sisters, which she founded, did not fully acknowledge her until 1992.

## Biography

Duchemin was born in 1810 in Baltimore to immigrant parents from Saint-Domingue. They had fled the violent revolution by which Haiti achieved independence in 1794. After her father later left the family, Duchemin was raised by her mother alone.
At the age of nineteen, she was involved as a founding member of the Oblate Sisters of Providence, which was the first Roman Catholic religious institute begun for Catholic women of African descent. Her mother, who was also involved with the Oblate Sisters, died during the 1831 cholera epidemic in Baltimore.
Duchemin subsequently moved to Michigan, to work with Louis Florent Gillet. The two would found Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. They also founded schools in Michigan and, in 1858, expanded into Pennsylvania.
Targeted by local bishops due to their racism and her Blackness, Duchemin was exiled multiple times.
She eventually settled with Grey Nuns of the Sacred Heart in Quebec, Canada, where she would spend much of the rest of her life. She did not return to Michigan until 1885.
She died in 1892.

## Historical suppression

Due to racism, the IHM sisters denied Duchemin's role in their order for 160 years. They likely contributed to Duchemin's inability to get her 1893 biography published.
According to journalist Dawn Araujo-Hawkins,
   "[They] did not want to be associated with a black sister. It was "embarrassing" and "unpleasant," as sisters wrote in various letters. It would scare white people away from their ministries... before the 1980s, novices didn't even learn about Duchemin in formation... At one point, they even enlisted a cardinal to intervene in the publication of a book that might have outed them as having been co-founded by a black woman."
In 1992, an IHM sister, Margaret Gannon, published letters acknowledging Duchemin and her significance; this began a period of collaboration between the IHM and Oblate sisters. (The latter group had always acknowledged Duchemin as a founding member.) In addition, there was more general acknowledgement of Duchemin within the IHM community.
# Oseosan

Oseosan is a mountain of Chungcheongnam-do, western South Korea. It has an elevation of 791 metres.
# Fred Fountain

Frederick Sheldon Fountain CM is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and philanthropist. He was the chancellor of Dalhousie University from 2008 to 2015.

## Early life and education

Born in Truro, Nova Scotia, son of Sheldon Leroy and Marjorie (Manning) Fountain, he graduated from King's-Edgehill School and then went on to Dartmouth College where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in French, and then graduated from Dalhousie University in 1974 with a Bachelor of Laws degree.

## Career

He was a founding partner of a Halifax law firm, Franklin Fountain Mitton and Thompson (later Burke Thompson) and a judge of the Regional Assessment Appeal Court from 1980 to 1989. He has been the chief executive officer of "Great Eastern Corporation Ltd" since 1985. The company is an asset management firm that was founded in 1941 by his grandfather Fred Manning. By 2009, after a brief period during which he took the company public, it had estimated assets of $102 million.

## Philanthropy

For his philanthropy, especially in the field of the arts, Fountain was invested with the award of Member of the Order of Canada by then Governor General of Canada Michaëlle Jean on June 18, 2010. In May 2013, he donated $10 million to Dalhousie University's to establish a performing arts school.
His term as Chancellor was extended from June 2014 to March 31, 2015 and his successor was Anne McLellan (May 25, 2015).
# Giving Multiplier

Giving Multiplier is a donation platform promoting effective giving. It was founded at Harvard University in 2020 by psychologists Joshua Greene and Lucius Caviola.

## History

Giving Multiplier was created as a research project in 2020 by Joshua Greene, a psychology professor at Harvard and Lucius Caviola, a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard at the time. The goal was to introduce people to effective charities in a way that overcomes some of the psychological barriers to effective altruism. As of January 2025, Giving Multiplier has facilitated over 9,700 donations totaling over $4 million.

## Research

Giving Multiplier uses research from charity evaluators such as GiveWell, Animal Charity Evaluators, Founders Pledge, and Open Philanthropy to select a list of ten "super-effective" charities addressing three cause areas: extreme poverty, animal welfare, and global catastrophic risks.
Giving Multiplier lets donors select their favorite charity and one of their super-effective charities (i.e., "with the head and the heart") to implement a donation bundling technique. This innovation combines donors' seemingly conflicting preferences, namely, that they have their own favorite charities, and they simultaneously care about effectiveness. Moreover, Giving Multiplier uses donation matching to further incentivize donors to donate more effectively. The original design by Caviola and Greene integrated donation bundling with a new technique called micro-matching. Micro-matching works by adding matching funds on top of each donation, with a greater matching rate for a greater proportion allocated to the super-effective charity. Individual donors support the matching system to encourage others to donate, creating a "supply and demand" cycle of charitable giving.
The proof of concept for Giving Multiplier was published as part of Greene and Caviola's academic research on splitting donations between favorite charities and effective charities. Their research found that including an option to split donations between a favorite charity and effective charity increased effective giving by 76%. The authors suggested that favorite-effective donation splits satisfies donors' dual motivations of supporting causes meaningful to them and effective organizations that have a big impact.

## Current list of super-effective charities

As of January 2025, Giving Multiplier's list of super-effective charities (based on charity evaluators' recommendations) include:
* Against Malaria Foundation
* Clean Air Task Force
* Evidence Action (Deworm the World Initiative)
* GiveDirectly
* Good Food Institute
* Helen Keller International (Vitamin A supplementation program)
* Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security
* Malaria Consortium (Seasonal malaria chemoprevention program)
* New Incentives
* The Humane League
# Twice Blessed (film)

Twice Blessed is a 1945 American comedy film directed by Harry Beaumont and starring Preston Foster, Gail Patrick, and Lee and Lyn Wilde. It was an MGM vehicle for the Wilde twins, who were first introduced in Andy Hardy's Blonde Trouble (1944).

## Plot summary

Stephanie (Lyn Wilde) and Terry (Lee Wilde) are two identical twins who have been split up since their parents divorced seven years before. Although identical in appearance, the twins are very different: Stephanie is shy but brilliant, while Terry is outgoing and loves dancing. When the twins finally meet in person, each envies the life style of the other. They decide, without telling their father Jeff (Preston Foster) or their mother Mary (Gail Patrick), to switch families for a day or two.
The switch quickly starts trouble, for both twins. Stephanie, disguised as Terry, is expected to win a jitterbug contest, but she cannot dance nearly as well as Terry. Terry, disguised as Stephanie, is expected to behave quietly and properly, but she just wants to have fun. Both boyfriends of the twins are surprised to see their girlfriends acting so different: Mickey is happy to see Stephanie (actually Terry) is more confident, while Jimmy is pleased to see Terry (actually Stephanie) is more gentle.
Mickey takes Stephanie to a charity event, where Stephanie surprises him with her dancing talent. Soon after, Mickey gets into a fight with a rude dancer, and the charity event erupts into a brawl. A reporter named Alice (Jeff's ex-girlfriend) photographs Stephanie dancing wildly and caught up in the fight, with plans to blackmail Stephanie's father, and force him to marry her. The twins team up with their new boyfriends to successfully outsmart Alice, reunite their parents, and find true love.

## Cast

* Preston Foster as Jeff Turner
* Gail Patrick as Mary Hale
* Lee Wilde as Terry Turner
* Lyn Wilde as Stephanie Hale
* Richard Gaines as Senator John Pringle
* Jean Porter as Kitty
* Marshall Thompson as Jimmy
* Jimmy Lydon as Mickey Pringle
* Gloria Hope as Alice
* Douglas Cowan as Jake
* Warren Mills as Whitey
* Joel Friedkin as Mr. Winters
* Ralph Brooke as Chet
* Ralph Hoopes as Lionel
* Don Hayden as Alfi
* Tommy Bond as Horace
* Ethel Smith as Herself at the organ

## Gallery

* Lee and Lyn Wilde
* Preston Foster
* Gail Patrick
# Wolbongsan

Wolbongsan is a mountain of Gyeongsangnam-do, southeastern South Korea. It has an elevation of 1,279 metres.
# Jannik Kohlbacher

Jannik Kohlbacher (born 19 July 1995) is a German handball player for Rhein-Neckar Löwen and the Germany national team.
In November 2015 he was called up to the Germany national team for the Supercup tournament against, Brazil, Slovenia and Serbia. He debuted for the national team on the 5th of November against Brazil. He was part of the German team that won the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.