OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2001 Surfers Paradise state by-election

A by-election was held in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland seat of Surfers Paradise on 5 May 2001. It was triggered by the resignation of sitting National Party member Rob Borbidge.
The by-election was won by independent candidate Lex Bell.

## Background

Rob Borbidge first entered parliament as the National member for Surfers Paradise at the 1980 state election. He became leader of his party in 1991 and Premier of Queensland in 1996, following the Mundingburra by-election. Borbidge's government was defeated at the 1998 state election, but Borbidge remained National Party leader, leading his party to landslide defeat at the 2001 state election. Subsequent to that defeat, Borbidge announced his retirement from politics.

## Results

The by-election was a resounding win for Gold Coast City councillor Lex Bell. Also of note was the performance of the Liberal Party, who performed considerably better than their coalition partner, the National Party; even though this had been a National Party seat since 1980. However, voters were outraged at being forced to the polls for the second time in three months, and took out their anger on Borbidge's replacement as National candidate Susie Douglas; the Nationals' primary vote plunged to only eight percent.
After this election, the Nationals effectively ceded Surfers Paradise to the Liberals, and would never contest the seat again before the merger of the Queensland National and Liberal parties into the Liberal National Party.
Surfers Paradise state by-election, 2001 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Lex Bell | 7,966 | 35.91 | +35.91 |
| | Liberal | John-Paul Langbroek | 4,708 | 21.22 | +21.22 |
| | Labor | Richard Alcorn | 4,441 | 20.02 | −18.25 |
| | National | Susie Douglas | 1,784 | 8.04 | −41.70 |
| | One Nation | Lesley Millar | 1,055 | 4.76 | +4.76 |
| | Greens | Dean Hepburn | 926 | 4.26 | −7.72 |
| | Independent | Perry Cross | 751 | 3.39 | +3.39 |
| | Independent | Tony Horkings | 218 | 0.98 | +0.98 |
| | Independent | Linda McGill | 179 | 0.76 | +0.76 |
| | Independent | Fred Fraser | 77 | 0.35 | +0.35 |
| | Independent | Arthur Coghlan | 52 | 0.24 | +0.24 |
| | Independent | Rob McJannett | 15 | 0.07 | +0.07 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 22,183 | 98.11 | +1.25 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 428 | 1.89 | −1.25 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 22,611 | 77.70 | −10.49 |
| Two-candidate-preferred result ||||||
| | Independent | Lex Bell | 8,811 | 58.12 | +58.12 |
| | Liberal | John-Paul Langbroek | 6,350 | 41.88 | +41.88 |
| | Independent gain from National | Independent gain from National | Swing | N/A | |

## Aftermath

Lex Bell was defeated by Liberal candidate John-Paul Langbroek in a rematch at the 2004 state election.
# 2007 United Kingdom budget

The 2007 United Kingdom Budget, officially known as Budget 2007: Building Britain's long-term future: Prosperity and fairness for families, was formally delivered by Gordon Brown in the House of Commons on 21 March 2007. It would turn out to be Brown's last Budget as Chancellor of the Exchequer, becoming Prime Minister on 27 June 2007.
The main changes were that basic rate of income tax would fall from 22% to 20% from April 2008 and that the lower starter rate of 10% would be removed. Vehicle Excise Duty on the highest-polluting vehicles would go up to £300 and to £400 from April 2008, with the least-polluting vehicles to have their duty reduced to £35. The savings limit for Individual savings account contributions would be increased to £7,200 from April 2008. The Inheritance Tax threshold would rise from £285,000 to £350,000 in 2010.

## Planned resource budgets 2007–08

| Department | 2007–08 expenditure (£ million) |
| Work and Pensions | 132,732 |
| Health | 104,464 |
| Education and Skills | 68,060 |
| Defence | 38,986 |
| Tax, Excise and Treasury | 5,469 |
| Communities & Local Government | 28,186 |
| Scottish Government | 26,469 |
| Northern Ireland Executive | 14,667 |
| Home Office | 13,877 |
| Welsh Government | 12,785 |
| Transport | 10,150 |
| Cabinet Office | 10,090 |
| Trade and Industry | 6,015 |
| Culture, Media and Sport | 5,042 |
| International Development | 4,772 |
| Ministry of Justice | 4,086 |
| Environment, Food and Rural Affairs | 3,099 |
| Foreign and Commonwealth Office | 1,859 |
| Northern Ireland Office | 1,370 |
| Law Officers' Departments | 718 |
| Departmental Expenditure Limit Reserve | 600 |
| Unallocated Special Reserve | 400 |
| Total resource budget | 493,896 |

## Details
### Taxes

| Receipts | 2007-08 Revenues (£bn) |
| Income Tax | 157 |
| National Insurance | 95 |
| Value Added Tax (VAT) | 80 |
| Corporate Tax | 50 |
| Excise duties | 41 |
| Council Tax | 23 |
| Business rates | 22 |
| Other | 84 |
| Total Government revenue | 553 |

### Spending

| Department | 2007-08 Expenditure (£bn) |
| Social protection | 161 |
| Health | 104 |
| Education | 77 |
| Debt interest | 30 |
| Defence | 32 |
| Public order and safety | 33 |
| Personal social services | 28 |
| Housing and Environment | 22 |
| Transport | 20 |
| Industry, agriculture and employment | 21 |
| Other | 59 |
| Total Government spending | 587 |
# Kamundan River

The Kamundan River is a river in southern West Papua province, Indonesia. Kamundan is mostly still natural with the upstream in Manokwari Regency and river mouth at the border of Bintuni Bay and Sorong Selatan Regency. It is also known as the "Sungai Kamundan".

## Geography

The river flows in the southern area of West Papua with a predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification). The annual average temperature in the area is 24 °C. The warmest month is January when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is February, at 22 °C. The average annual rainfall is 3744 mm. The wettest month is June, with an average of 484 mm rainfall, and the driest is October, with 153 mm rainfall.

## Ecology

The Kamundan River has many trees on both banks as well as clear and calm water. Some species can be found around this river including saltwater crocodiles, primates, a variety of hornbills, yellow-crested cockatoos, and bats.
# Alexandra Zertsalova

Alexandra Zertsalova (Russian: Александра Зерцалова; born January 18, 1982) is a Kyrgyz former swimmer, who specialized in individual medley events. Zertsalova competed in a medley double at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She achieved FINA B-standards of 2:23.30 (200 m individual medley) and 4:59.24 (400 m individual medley) from the Russian Open Championships in Saint Petersburg. On the first day of the Games, Zertsalova placed twenty-seventh in the 400 m individual medley. Swimming in heat one, she raced to the third seed by more than ten seconds behind Argentina's Georgina Bardach and Slovakia's Jana Korbasová in 5:09.03. Two days later, in the 200 m individual medley, Zertsalova posted a second-place time of 2:24.09 in the same heat, but finished in thirty-second place among 36 other swimmers from the prelims.
# 2016 Vuelta a Andalucía

The 62nd edition of the Vuelta a Andalucía, also known as the Ruta del Sol, was held in Andalusia, in southern Spain, from 17 to 21 February 2016. Spanish rider Alejandro Valverde won the event after winning the final mountain-top stage; his fourth overall victory in the Vuelta a Andalucía.
The Vuelta a Andalucía is a road cycling stage race, rated as a 2.1 event of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour. Chris Froome, the previous year's champion, did not to defend his title. The race was run over five stages. The first three stages were moderately hilly and won by sprinters; the fourth was an individual time trial; the fifth and final stage had a summit finish atop the climb of Peñas Blancas.

## Course
### Race summary

The race comprised five stages, increasing in difficulty. The first, relatively flat stage, was won by Daniele Bennati in a sprint in the streets of Seville. The second ended with a third-category climb, followed by a technical descent into Córdoba, won by sprinter Nacer Bouhanni. The third stage featured several climbs, ending with a flat run-in to Padul, won by Oscar Gatto in the sprint of a select group. The final two stages were decisive in the general classification. The fourth stage, a 21-kilometre (13 mi) individual time trial with a technical opening half and a climb at the finish, was won by Tejay van Garderen. The final stage ended with the climb of Peñas Blancas, a 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) climb near Estepona at an average gradient of 8%. Alejandro Valverde, in eight place after the time trial, attacked from afar to overhaul van Garderen and take the overall victory.

### Stage schedule

| Stage | Date | Route | Distance | Type | Winner |
| 1 | 17 February | Almonaster la Real to Sevilla | 165.2 km (103 mi) | Hilly stage | Daniele Bennati (ITA) |
| 2 | 18 February | Palomares del Río to Córdoba | 186.3 km (116 mi) | Hilly stage | Nacer Bouhanni (FRA) |
| 3 | 19 February | Monachil to Padul | 157.9 km (98 mi) | Hilly stage | Oscar Gatto (ITA) |
| 4 | 20 February | Alhaurín de la Torre | 21 km (13 mi) | Individual time trial | Tejay van Garderen (USA) |
| 5 | 21 February | San Roque to Peñas Blancas | 164.2 km (102 mi) | Mountain stage | Alejandro Valverde (ESP) |

## Teams

24 teams were invited to take part in the 2016 race. Ten of these were UCI WorldTeams; ten were UCI Professional Continental teams; and four were UCI Continental teams. Each team lined up seven riders - totaling 168 riders.
UCI WorldTeams
* Team Sky
* Tinkoff
* Movistar Team
* Trek–Segafredo
* Lotto–Soudal
* Team Giant–Alpecin
* IAM Cycling
* LottoNL–Jumbo
* BMC Racing Team
* Team Dimension Data
UCI Professional Continental teams
* Caja Rural–Seguros RGA
* Direct Énergie
* Cofidis
* CCC–Sprandi–Polkowice
* Funvic Soul Cycles–Carrefour
* Roompot–Oranje Peloton
* Wanty–Groupe Gobert
* Gazprom–RusVelo
* Topsport Vlaanderen–Baloise
* Southeast–Venezuela
Participating teams
* Burgos BH
* Matrix Powertag
* Euskadi Basque Country–Murias
* Stradalli–Bike Aid
# Walliswil bei Wangen

Walliswil bei Wangen is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Geography

Walliswil bei Wangen has an area of 3.1 km$^2$ (1.2 sq mi). Of this area, 51.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 34.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 10.1% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (4.2%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).

## Demographics

Walliswil bei Wangen has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 604. As of 2007, 2.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 3.2%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (98.7%), with French being second most common ( 0.5%) and Albanian being third ( 0.4%).
In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 47.6% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (20.6%), the FDP (10%) and the Green Party (6.8%).
The age distribution of the population (as of 2000) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 61.5% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.8%. In Walliswil bei Wangen about 77.2% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).
Walliswil bei Wangen has an unemployment rate of 2.28%. As of 2005, there were 26 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 10 businesses involved in this sector. 18 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 8 businesses in this sector. 58 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 11 businesses in this sector.
# 1993 Micronesian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Federated States of Micronesia on 2 March 1993. All candidates for seats in Congress ran as independents.

## Results

| Party | % | Seats |
| Independents | 100 | 14 |
| Invalid/blank votes | - | - |
| Total | 100 | 14 |
| Source: IPU ||||
# 1994 Bonython by-election

The 1994 Bonython by-election was held in the Australian federal electorate of Bonython in South Australia on 19 March 1994. The by-election was triggered by the retirement of the sitting member, the Australian Labor Party's Neal Blewett, on 11 February 1994. The writ for the by-election was issued on the same day.

## Results

Bonython by-election, 1994 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Martyn Evans | 29,097 | 45.92 | −9.68 |
| | Liberal | Andy Markwell | 20,398 | 32.19 | +3.50 |
| | Grey Power | George Bell | 4,659 | 7.35 | +7.35 |
| | Against Further Immigration | Denis McCormack | 4,323 | 6.82 | +6.82 |
| | Democrats | Philip Newey | 3,960 | 6.25 | −3.20 |
| | Independent | Jack Webb | 923 | 1.46 | +1.46 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 63,360 | 94.45 | −0.01 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,722 | 5.55 | +0.01 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 67,082 | 86.59 | −8.04 |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Labor | Martyn Evans | 36,013 | 56.90 | −7.85 |
| | Liberal | Andy Markwell | 27,284 | 43.10 | +7.85 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | −7.85 | |
# 1994 Fremantle by-election

The 1994 Fremantle by-election was held in the Australian federal electorate of Fremantle in Western Australia on 12 March 1994. The by-election was triggered by the retirement of the sitting member, the Australian Labor Party's John Dawkins, on 4 February 1994. The writ for the by-election was issued on the same day.

## Background

John Dawkins had held Fremantle for the Labor Party since 1977, and he had been a minister in the Hawke and Keating governments, and had been Treasurer since December 1991. When the Cabinet rebelled against the budget he brought down in August 1993, Dawkins resigned from the Treasury and, after giving occasional signals of his rising disillusionment with political life, resigned from Parliament altogether.
The Labor party preselected former state Premier Dr Carmen Lawrence, who despite her party's defeat in the 1993 state election still maintained persistently high ratings in opinion polls, while the Liberal party preselected prominent businessman Geoff Hourn.
The campaign took place in the context of tensions within the Liberal party over the leadership of Dr John Hewson, and parliamentary conflict over the sports rorts affair which had engulfed a Labor minister Ros Kelly, and a tussle between the Senate and the Labor government over documents relating to media ownership changes.
Lawrence resigned from her state seat of Glendalough in order to contest Fremantle.
The Glendalough by-election was held a week later on March 19 and both by-elections were contested by independent Raymond Conder.

## Results

Fremantle by-election, 1994 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Carmen Lawrence | 32,707 | 52.35 | +2.15 |
| | Liberal | Geoff Hourn | 23,047 | 36.89 | −1.85 |
| | Greens | Stephen Walker | 5,215 | 8.35 | +1.59 |
| | Independent | Raymond Conder | 1,506 | 2.41 | +2.41 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 62,475 | 97.40 | +0.37 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,669 | 2.60 | −0.37 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 64,144 | 85.84 | −10.26 |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Labor | Carmen Lawrence | 36,745 | 58.83 | +1.04 |
| | Liberal | Geoff Hourn | 25,715 | 42.21 | −1.04 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +1.04 | |
# Sombor Monastery

The Sombor Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Сомбор, romanized: Manastir Sombor) is a Serb Orthodox monastery situated in the Bačka region, in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina. It is in the Sombor municipality. It was founded in 1928–1933.
# List of Spanish films of 1959

A list of films produced in Spain in 1959 (see 1959 in film).

## 1959

| Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes |
| 1959 |||||
| El pisito | Marco Ferreri | José Luis López Vázquez, Mary Carrillo | Dark comedy | The first Spanish film to be directed by Italian Marco Ferreri. The Ministry of Culture forced to credit Spaniard Isidoro M. Ferry as director but he did not film. Spanish Neorealism |
| El baile | Edgar Neville | Conchita Montes, Alberto Closas, Rafael Alonso | Comedy - Drama | |
| Los chicos | Marco Ferreri | María Luisa Ponte | Drama | The second Spanish film to be directed by Italian Marco Ferreri. Spanish Neorealism |
| El Lazarillo de Tormes | César Fernández Ardavín | Marco Paoletti | Drama | Golden Bear winner at 10th Berlin International Film Festival. It's the adaptation of Lazarillo de Tormes 16th century classic. |
| Los golfos | Carlos Saura | | Drama | Not released until 1962. First Saura's film. Spanish Neorealism and entered into the 1960 Cannes Film Festival |
| La vida alrededor | Fernando Fernán Gómez | Fernando Fernán Gómez, Analía Gadé | | Sequel of La vida por delante. |
| Luna de Miel | Michael Powell | Anthony Steel, Ludmilla Tchérina, Antonio, Léonide Massine | Drama | Entered into the 1959 Cannes Film Festival |
| Sonatas | Juan Antonio Bardem | María Félix, Francisco Rabal, Aurora Bautista | Historical drama | Co-production with Mexico |
| Ten Ready Rifles | José Luis Sáenz de Heredia | | | Entered into the 9th Berlin International Film Festival |
| Los tramposos | Pedro Lazaga | Tony Leblanc, Antonio Ozores, Concha Velasco, Laura Valenzuela | Comedy | |
| Ten Ready Rifles | José Luis Sáenz de Heredia | | | Entered into the 9th Berlin International Film Festival |
| Where Are You Going, Alfonso XII? | Luis César Amadori | Vicente Parra, Paquita Rico | Historical drama | Huge blockbuster about Alfonso XII of Spain and his wife Mercedes of Orléans |
| Zarzuela 1900 | Juan de Orduña | Ninón Sevilla, Olga Guillot, Armando Calvo | | |
# Carlos Blanco (baseball)

Carlos E. Blanco (April 25, 1914 – 1997) was a Cuban Negro league first baseman.
A native of Bayamo, Cuba, Blanco is the older brother of fellow-Negro leaguer Heberto Blanco. He played for the New York Cubans in 1941, and went on to spend several years in the Mexican League through the mid-1950s.
# 1995 Gold Coast City Council election

The 1995 Gold Coast City Council election was held on 11 March 1995 to elect a mayor and 14 councillors to the City of Gold Coast, a local government area (LGA) of Queensland, Australia.
The election was one of three held in 1995 following several amalgamations, which included the Shire of Albert being absorbed into Gold Coast City.
Ray Stevens, the outgoing mayor of Albert, won the mayoral election, defeating incumbent Gold Coast mayor Gary Baildon as well as five other candidates.

## Background

Albert, created in 1948, had seen a rapid expansion from the late 1960s onwards. However, the Shire of Logan was separately incorporated in 1978, and Albert lost 110.0 km$^2$ (42.5 sq mi) of its area and 54,650 people in the change − almost three-quarters of its population. With the astronomic growth levels experienced by the Gold Coast area from the late 1970s onwards, the new Albert grew from 18,753 at the 1976 census to 143,697 in 1991.
Although the commission's recommendations only included boundary adjustments between Albert and the City of Gold Coast, the outcome following much public debate was a decision by the Queensland Government to absorb Albert into Gold Coast City.
# Vardavard Metro Station

Vardavard Metro Station is a station in Tehran Metro Line 5. It is located north of Tehran-Karaj Freeway. It is between Iran Khodro Metro Station and Garmdare Metro Station.
# Guam Open

The Guam Open was a golf tournament held in Guam from 1996 to 1998. It was an event on the Asian Tour.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| Guam Open |||||||
| 1998 | Jerry Smith | 272 | −16 | 6 strokes | Arjun Atwal Chris Williams |
| DFS Galleria Guam Open |||||||
| 1997 | Gerry Norquist | 210 | −6 | 3 strokes | Mike Cunning |
| Guam Open |||||||
| 1996 | Mo Joong-kyung | 287 | −1 | 3 strokes | Don Fardon Aaron Meeks Jeff Wagner |
# Via (surname)

Via is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Angela Via, American singer
* Chris Via, American ten-pin bowler
* Dennis L. Via (born c. 1958), US Army general
* Elizabeth Jane Via (born 1947), American lawyer and womanpriest
# Amálie Hilgertová

Amálie Hilgertová (born 4 September 1997) is a Czech slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2013.
She won two medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a silver in 2019 (K1 team) and a bronze in 2017 (Extreme K1). She also won a gold and a bronze medal in the K1 event at the European Championships and a silver in the K1 team event at the 2023 European Games in Kraków.

## Family

She comes from a canoeing family. Her father is Ivan Hilgert, her mother is Marcela Hilgertová. Double Olympic champion Štěpánka Hilgertová is her aunt. Her uncle is Luboš Hilgert sr. and her cousin is Luboš Hilgert jr.

## World Cup individual podiums

| Season | Date | Venue | Position | Event |
| 2021 | 20 June 2021 | Markkleeberg | 3rd | Extreme K1 |
| 2022 | 18 June 2022 | Kraków | 3rd | K1 |
# Harvard Choruses

The Harvard Choruses are three choral ensembles at Harvard University, consisting of the Harvard Glee Club, the Radcliffe Choral Society, and the Harvard-Radcliffe Collegium Musicum (respectively tenor/bass, soprano/alto, and mixed choruses). Often, the three Harvard Choruses combine to perform a large choral-orchestral work.
The Harvard-Radcliffe Chorus is an adjunct member, consisting of both Harvard students and members of the broader community, and serving in part as a training chorus for the other groups.
The Harvard Choruses are under the direction of Harvard's director of choral activities, Andrew Clark.

## History

The all-male Harvard Glee-Club, the oldest collegiate choir in America, was established in 1858 by the president of Harvard's Pierian Sodality and several of their college friends. Archibald T. Davison was the Glee Club's first conductor and he served as choirmaster there before joining the Harvard Music Department in 1910. The members, a combination of undergraduate and graduate level students, are known for singing the Harvard fight songs at university events. In 1899 the Radcliffe Choral Society was established as a treble choral ensemble. More recently came the Harvard-Radcliffe Collegium Musicum, which boasts the only SATB membership of the three groups, and focuses primarily on early-Renaissance music.
Until 2016, the Harvard Choruses were commonly known as the Holden Choruses or Holden Chapel Choirs, names derived from the choirs' original rehearsal and office space at Holden Chapel in Harvard Yard.