OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sobhan Babu

Uppu Sobhan Babu (born Uppu Sobhana Chalapathi Rao; 14 January 1937 – 20 March 2008) was an Indian actor known for his work in Telugu cinema. He made his film debut in Bhakta Sabari (1959), but Daiva Balam (1959) was his first official release. He garnered four Filmfare Awards South for Best Actor, and Special Mention for Bangaru Panjaram (1969) at the 4th IFFI. Sobhan Babu was featured in National Award winning films such as Sita Rama Kalyanam (1961), Mahamantri Timmarusu (1962), Lava Kusa (1963), Nartanasala (1963), which was featured at the 3rd Afro-Asian Film Festival, and Desamante Manushuloyi (1970). He is often referred to as Nata Bushana.
In a film career spanning more than thirty five years, Sobhan Babu starred in over 200 feature films in a variety of roles in films such as Veerabhimanyu (1965), Manushulu Marali (1969), Tara Sasankam (1969), Kalyana Mandapam (1971), Chelleli Kapuram (1971), Sampoorna Ramayanam (1972), Sarada (1973), Manchi Manushulu (1974), Jeevana Jyothi (1975), Soggadu (1976), Kurukshetram (1977), Mallepoovu (1978), Gorintaku (1979), Karthika Deepam, (1979), Mosagadu (1980), Devatha (1982), and Mundadugu (1983).

## Background

Sobhanbabu was born into a Kamma family to Uppu Suryanarayanarao and had four siblings, three sisters, Dhanaranga, Jhansi and Nirmala, and a brother, Sambasivarao. Sobhanbabu completed his initial schooling at Kuntamukkula, Mylavaram. He pursued his Intermediate in Krishna District. He completed B.Sc degree in Physics at Andhra Christian College, Guntur. After that he opted for a Law degree in Madras to pursue his cinema career.

## Personal life

He married Santhakumari on May 15, 1958. They had three daughters, and a son Karunasesh. He never introduced his son into film industry and he made him a successful businessman. He enjoyed a peaceful family life. Shoban Babu and KV Chalam were best friends, till KV Chalam's death, after that he shared a close friendship with Chandramohan until his last breath. He also helped his workers (driver, chefs, etc) financially and got them settled well. He also used to give valuable suggestions to film actors regarding buying assets and investments. Actor Murali Mohan followed his suggestions and is well settled.

## Death

On 20 March 2008, aged 71. Shobanbabu after completing yoga he freshned up and sat on his favourite "rocking chair" reading newspaper and waiting for breakfast. Suddenly he suffered massive heart attack and fell down from his chair and injured his nose. Immediately family members rushed him to hospital and he was pronounced dead. Tollywood and Kollywood stars paid homage to him, whole film fraternity mourned his death. He was cremated at his own farm in chennai.

## Awards
### Filmfare Awards South

* Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu – Khaidi Baabayi (1974)
* Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu – Jeevana Jyothi (1975)
* Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu - Soggadu (1976)
* Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu - Karthika Deepam (1979)
# Kyrgyz Americans

Kyrgyz Americans are Americans of full or partial Kyrgyz descent. The majority of Kyrgyz Americans have emigrated to the United States from Kyrgyzstan since the country's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.

## History

Most Kyrgyz migrants moved to the United States in the late 20th century, following the break-up of the Soviet Union. Kyrgyz immigration to the United States was primarily driven by economic factors, particularly by economic instability in Kyrgyzstan following the collapse of the USSR.
The number of Kyrgyz immigrants living in the United States is estimated to be between 30,000 and 50,000. However, the exact number is difficult to determine as some Kyrgyz Americans may be undocumented migrants. According to the 2020 Census, 8,785 Americans identified as Kyrgyz alone or in combination with other groups.
Kyrgyz Americans are primarily concentrated in several major cities in the United States, with Chicago being the most popular among them. According to the 2020 Census, 1,898 people identified as Kyrgyz in Illinois, the most of any state in the country.

## Organizations

Kyrgyz Americans have established several organizations to support and preserve their cultural heritage in the United States.
The Kyrgyz American Foundation is a non-profit organization based in New York. It was founded in 2019 with the aim of promoting and preserving Kyrgyz culture, heritage and language in the diaspora. The foundation provides a platform for Kyrgyz Americans to connect with each other, as well as with their ancestral homeland.
The Kyrgyz Community Center in Arlington Heights, a suburb of Chicago, is another important organization for Kyrgyz Americans. The center was established to serve as a hub for the Kyrgyz community in the Chicago area. It provides a space for community members to come together, host cultural events and celebrate their heritage. The center also serves as a resource for Kyrgyz Americans in the Chicago area, offering information on immigration, employment, and other practical matters.
# York Rafael

York Rafael (born 17 March 1999) is a professional footballer who plays for Superettan club Gefle IF, primarily as a left midfielder. Born in Sweden, he represents the Rwanda national team.

## Club career

York Rafael started his football career with Gävle side Brynäs IF in 2011. He joined Sandvikens IF's youth academy two years later and made his senior debut with them as a 15-year-old in Division 2. In 2015 Rafael went on trials with European clubs Watford and Lazio, as well with Swedish IFK Göteborg the previous year, without signing any contracts.
After having been linked with a move to AIK, Rafael instead joined Allsvenskan club Gefle IF on loan in August 2016. He made his Gefle debut in Svenska Cupen, playing 90 minutes against Söderhamns FF on August 24. It was followed up with his professional debut in Allsvenskan three days later against Djurgårdens IF, in which he came on as a substitute in the final minutes.
On 11 December 2017, he joined IFK Värnamo in Superettan, Sweden's second tier. During the 2018 season, York returned to his old club Sandvikens IF on loan. On 11 December 2018, Kalmar FF announced, that they had signed Rafael on a deal until the end of 2021.

## International career

He won his first youth international cup for Sweden U17 on 4 August 2015, in Sweden's 3–0 win against Iceland. He played six games in total for U17, for which he is still eligible to play for, until he was called up to Sweden's U19 squad in September 2016. He has scored one goal in three games so far.
Due to his dual citizenship with Rwanda, he was invited to play for Rwanda national football team in 2015. He debuted with Rwanda in a 1–0 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification loss to Uganda on 7 October 2021.

## Personal life

Rafael was raised in Gävle, Sweden, to an Angolan father and Rwandese mother. He is a practicing Christian.
He cited Arjen Robben as his idol.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 21 October 2016
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Gefle IF | 2016 | Allsvenskan | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Gefle IF | Total | Total | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
# Tovuz, Azerbaijan

Tovuz ((listen)) is the largest city and capital of the Tovuz District of Azerbaijan. The population of the city in 2020 was 12,626.

## Economy

The economy of Tovuz is partially agricultural, partially tourist-based, with some industries in operation. One of its main attractions are the State Museum.

### Winemaking

The history of wine production in Tovuz seems to have begun before the 7th century and according to the archaeological findings, which included vessels for wine storage and remains of tartaric acid, proves that the winemaking was apparent in the Tovuz and Ganja region during early stages of social development.
The winemaking industry was boosted in the city after German settlement. Led by Christopher Froer and Christian Gummel, many vineyards were established. Furthermore, Tovuz became famous for producing brandy, under the name cognac, which supplied the entire Russian market.
In addition to German influence in the Caucasus, Russia also played a significant role in the development of winemaking, especially in the Tovuz region in the 19th century. Russian influence was also formative in the development and production of aromatic wines.

## Climate

There are three climatic zones in the region:
* Dry subtropical climate. This climatic area covers the Kura river valley. It is characterized by mild winters and hot summers.
* Moderate hot dry climate. This climate covers the plain part of the region and the areas with an elevation of up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Winters are mild and summers are slightly hot.
* Mild cold, forest climate. This climatic zone covers the mountainous part with an elevation of 1,000 to 2,000 m (3,300 to 6,600 ft). Summer is cool and winter is slightly frosty. The climate of Tovuz region is influenced by air masses from the South Caucasus (Transcaucasia) plateau, the Atlantic Ocean, the Arctic and Central Asia.

## Sports

The city has one professional football team competing in the top-flight of Azerbaijani football - Turan Tovuz, currently playing in the Azerbaijan Premier League.

## Archaeology

The ancient village of Goytepe (Göy Tepe) is one of the largest archaeological monuments in Ganja – Gazakh region. It is located to the right of the Kura river, 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Tovuz. The site extends over 2 hectares (4.9 acres), at a maximum elevation of around 420 m (1,380 ft).
Starting in 2008, “Tovuz Archaeological expedition” is conducting new archaeological investigations at Goytepe, and also at the Mentesh tepe ancient settlement nearby. This is a joint investigation of archaeologists from Azerbaijan, Japan and France.
In this same area of Azerbaijan are also located the ancient sites of Shomu Tepe, Soyuq Bulaq, and Boyuk Kesik. Shulaveris Gora is just across the border in Georgia.

## Sister cities

* Cognac, France (since 2015)

## Gallery

* State Museum
* ASAN service in Tovuz
* Museum of History
* Kindergarten in Tovuz
# Frederick Russell

Frederick William Russell, OC, K.St.J, CD, LL.D (September 10, 1923 - June 20, 2001) was a Canadian businessman and the ninth lieutenant governor of Newfoundland.
Born in St. John's, he studied at Dalhousie University and the Atlantic School for Advanced Business Administration. He was a fighter pilot with the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II in which he flew the de Havilland Mosquito. He was president of Blue Peter Steamships.
He was a member of the Newfoundland Labour Relations Board for over 35 years.
He was a founding member of the Royal Canadian Air Cadets in St. John's.
From 1991 to 1997, he was the lieutenant-governor of Newfoundland.
In 1979, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Officer in 1999.
Russell, Don Johnson, and Geoff Carnell collaborated in the effort to get permission to use the royal designation for the Royal St. John's Regatta in 1993.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Frederick Russell :
* NotesThe arms of Frederick Russell consist of:
* CrestAbove a helmet mantled Gules doubled Argent on a wreath of these colours a goat statant Argent armed and unguled Gules its dexter foreleg resting on a closed book bound Gules clasped and charged with a cross moline Or between two bars gemel wavy Argent.
* EscutcheonArgent a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Argent on a chief wavy Gules two wings conjoined expanded fesswise Argent.
* SupportersTwo lions Gules armed and winged Argent gorged with collars Argent charged with maple leaves Gules.
* CompartmentOn a rock growing therefrom pitcher plant flowers and tufts of grass proper rising above barry wavy Argent and Azure.
* MottoChe Sara Sara
# Mystical Anarchism

Mystical Anarchism was a tendency within the Russian Symbolist movement after 1906, especially between 1906 and late 1908. It was created and popularized by Georgy Chulkov.
In 1906, Chulkov edited Fakely (Torches), an anthology of Symbolist writing, which called on Russian writers to:
    abandon Symbolism and Decadence and move forward to "new mystical experience".
Later in the year Chulkov followed up with a "Mystical Anarchism" manifesto.
The doctrine has been described as:
    a mish-mash of Nietzsche, Herzen, Bakunin, Merezhkovsky (Chulkov was a former editor of New Path), Ibsen, Byron, utopian socialism, Tolstoy's Christian anarchism, and Dostoyevsky's rejection of necessity.
Alexander Blok and especially Vyacheslav Ivanov were supportive of the new doctrine while Valery Bryusov, the editor of the leading Symbolist magazine The Balance, and Andrei Bely were opposed to it. The resulting controversy raged on the pages of Russian Symbolist magazines until late 1908.
# Fabiola Sanmartín

Fabiola Maribel Sanmartín Parra (1974 - ) is an Ecuadorian politician who is a member of the National Assembly. She represents the province of Cañar and she was a member of the Pachakutik party before she joined National Democratic Action.

## Life

Sanmartin was born in about 1974 in Azogueña. She graduated from the University of Cuenca after studying communication and information science. Her later qualifications are from the Catholic University of Cuenca and her masters is from Salesian Polytechnic University.
New national elections were unexpectedly required in 2023, because of the cross-death decree issued by President Guillermo Lasso. Henry Kronfle became the president of the re-formed National Assembly of 137 representatives in 2023. At his election there were only nine members who voted against him being President and these included Cecilia Baltazar, Adriana García, Lucia Posso, Carmen Tiupul, Andrea Rivadeneira, Luzmila Abad, Mariana Yumbay and Sanmartin. She was one of five women who won Pachakutik seats in the assembly in November 2023, although one of these was in an alliance. She represented Cañar and the others represented Bolívar, Chimborazo, Morona Santiago and Tungurahua. Bolivar had Mariana Yumbay, Chimborazo had Carmen Tiupul, Morona Santiago had Luzmila Abad and Tungurahua had Cecilia Baltazar.
After she joined the assembly in 2024, she was elected to serve on the Commission of Autonomous Governments, Decentralization, Competencies and Territorial Organization. Victoria Desintonio was the President and the commission's members also included Gabriela Molina and Gissella Molina.
On International Women's Day, 2024, she gave out awards in the name of Matilde Hidalgo to Vicenta Chuma, Luz Palomeque and Francisca Sumba. In the following week she presented the Organic Health Law project on Assisted Human Reproduction Techniques. This project delivers laws that gives those who could benefit from help with reproduction the right to use it. It recognises existing techniques and establishes a framework so that new techniques can be added as they are discovered.
In May 2024 she welcomed a vote in the National Assembly which set aside moves to impeach State Attorney General, Diana Salazar.
In 2025 she was the National Democratic Action party's top choice of three candidates for Cañar as she sought re-election.
# Melanocorypha minor

Melanocorypha minor is an extinct species of Melanocorypha that inhabited Hungary during the Neogene period.

## Etymology

The specific epithet "minor" is derived from its small size.
# Baratunde Thurston

Baratunde Rafiq Thurston (/ˌbærəˈtuːndeɪ/; born September 11, 1977) is an American writer, comedian, and commentator. Thurston co-founded the black political blog Jack and Jill Politics, whose coverage of the 2008 Democratic National Convention was archived in the Library of Congress, and was director of digital for The Onion. In 2012, his book How to Be Black became a New York Times bestseller.

## Early life and education

Thurston was born in Washington, D.C. He grew up at the intersection of 14th and Newton Streets in the Columbia Heights neighborhood of Washington. His father was killed when he was young and his mother worked in the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. He has an older sister. In junior high, his mother and he moved to a suburban black neighborhood in Maryland. Thurston was educated at the Sidwell Friends School and Harvard University where he graduated with a degree in Philosophy.

## Career

As part of Laughing Liberally, Thurston emceed the YearlyKos convention in 2006 and also appeared in 2007.
Thurston has contributed to HuffPost and the Weekly Dig. More recently, Thurston has become a semi-regular panelist on the podcast This Week in Tech with Leo Laporte.
Thurston began hosting the Popular Science's Future Of television show on the Science Channel in August 2009.
Thurston was the Director of Digital at The Onion, until May 2012, and co-founded the black political blog JackAndJillPolitics.com. The name of the blog builds on the name of the African American children's social organization, Jack and Jill of America.
His fourth book, entitled How to Be Black (HarperCollins ISBN 978-0-06-200321-8) was released on February 1, 2012, the first day of Black History Month, and is described as incorporating "satirical self-help" along with personal memoir, subjects from gardening to computers, and is "a practical guidebook for anyone looking to befriend or work with a black person, become the next black president or challenge anyone who says they speak for all black people."
On August 27, 2015, The Daily Show with Trevor Noah announced that Thurston had been named supervising producer, overseeing original digital content.
On June 23, 2020, Thurston announced his podcast, We're Having A Moment.
He began hosting a six-part travelogue series on PBS called America Outdoors in July 2022.

### Books

* Better than Crying: Poking Fun at Politics, the Press & Pop Culture (2004)
* Keep Jerry Falwell Away from My Oreo Cookies (2005)
* Thank You Congressional Pages (For Being So Damn Sexy!) (2006)
* How to Be Black (2012)
# Sonde (music group)

Sonde is a music design and performance ensemble based in Montreal. From 1975 to about 1985, Sonde gave hundreds of performances in North America and Europe on sound sources of their own invention. Sonde was also engaged in television, film, and dance (particularly contact improvisation).

## History

Sonde was founded in 1975 and originally called MuD (an abbreviation of Musical Design). MuD gave their first performance in 1975 at Pollack Hall, McGill University, Montreal. Viewers/listeners were amazed to see and hear musical performances emerge from an improbable set of never-before-seen "sound sources" such as Les Plaques and The Amazing Three Man Hum Drum.
The group grew out of a course called Music Design taught at McGill University by Mario Bertoncini.
The original members of MuD were Andrew Culver, Pierre Dostie, Chris Howard, and Charles de Mestral. Over the years, other members have included Linda Pavelka (primarily as a vocalist), Robin Minard and Keith Daniel (primarily as an electronics inventor and engineer).

## Concepts

The notion of a sound source is central to Sonde's approach. While an instrument is a tool used for the performing of compositions other than itself, a sound source is both the composition and the object from which the sound emanates.
The Bertoncini concept of musical design is equally central to Sonde's work. Bertoncini proposed that composition begin before the instrument, requiring the composer to explore the acoustic properties of materials and structures and invent new instruments as part and parcel of creating a new composition. Bertoncini has built up a large collection of device compositions over 40 years.
In writings from the early 1980s, Andrew Culver defined musical design thus:

### Musical Design

    The exploration into the sonic possibilities of various materials in various formats, the design and construction of sound sources based on these findings and suitable for performance, and the re-exploration into the sonic worlds of the sound sources during performance through exquisite improvisation (from seeking, not providing), is a compositional process called musical design.

## Recordings

* En concert (Music Gallery Editions, MGE 14, 1978) -- LP
* En ondes (Oral, ORAL 16, 2007) -- CD
* En concert (Oral, ORAL 21, 2007) -- CD re-issue of 1978 LP
* En voyage (Oral, ORAL 30, 2009) -- DVD compilation of all available audio tracks + Booklet
# G. C. Grindley

Gwilym Cuthbert Grindley (1903–1976) was a British psychologist, best known for pioneering work in what later became known as operant conditioning. Grindley has been cited as one of the first scientists to develop the concept of optical flow.

## Biography

Grindley's academic career began at the University of Bristol, where he studied physics; his first publications were on emission spectra, based on work with A. M. Tyndall. However, he became interested in animal learning, and began work under Conwy Lloyd Morgan, who was then emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethics at Bristol. He carried out pioneering research on learning in chickens, working within the framework of Pavlovian conditioning. These studies included a very early investigation of what is now called conditioned reinforcement, according to Mackintosh the first to investigate this phenomenon.
Grindley subsequently moved to a faculty post at the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Cambridge, and in 1932 published his best known paper, on learning in guinea pigs. This was in effect an investigation in operant conditioning, though that name was not in use at the time, and the work was done independently of the contemporaneous development of operant conditioning procedures in rats by B. F. Skinner. Skinner acknowledged Grindley as one of a number of researchers who independently developed operant techniques in the 1920s. In 20th-century reviews of the literature of comparative psychology, he is widely recognized as a pioneer of the discipline.
Grindley remained at Cambridge for the rest of his career, as a lecturer in the Department of Experimental Psychology; his subsequent research was on processes of visual perception and visual cognition, particularly visual attention.
Grindley was one of the eight founder members of the Experimental Psychology Group, which later became the Experimental Psychology Society. In 1947 he made a donation of £1000 (over £40,000 at 2021 values) to the Group to enable it to found a journal, the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. At his death, he left a significant bequest to the Society, which used it to found a system of grants to research students for conference attendance, known as "Grindley grants".
Among colleagues, Grindley was always referred to as "C", or, in his later years, "old C".

## Selected publications

* The Intelligence of Animals (1950)
* The Sense of Pain in Animals (1959)
# Moorooka railway station

Moorooka railway station is located on the Beenleigh line in Queensland, Australia. It serves the Brisbane suburb of Moorooka. The station opened in 1887.
To the west of the station lies the NSW North Coast dual gauge line primarily used by Gold Coast, NSW TrainLink XPT and freight services, and the Clapham freight yard.
In 1996, as part of the construction of the Gold Coast line, the standard gauge line was converted to dual gauge.
Moorooka passenger station is opposite the Clapham goods railway station.
Moorooka Station will close sometime in 2025 for a major accessibility upgrade as part of the Cross River Rail project. The upgrades include a third platform, new station buildings, an upgraded overpass with lifts to all platforms and the station entrance for the station to be fully accessible, and other facilities.

## Services

Moorooka station is served by all stops Beenleigh line services from Beenleigh, Kuraby and Coopers Plains to Bowen Hills and Ferny Grove.

## Services by platform

| Platform | Lines | Destinations | Notes |
| 1 | Beenleigh | Coopers Plains, Kuraby & Beenleigh | |
| 2 | Beenleigh | Bowen Hills & Ferny Grove | |

## Diagram

* Moorooka station and Clapham goods