OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philosophy and Phenomenological Research

Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (PPR) is a bimonthly philosophy journal founded in 1940. Until 1980, it was edited by Marvin Farber, then by Roderick Chisholm, and since 1986 by Ernest Sosa. It considers itself open to a variety of methodologies and traditions, as indicated by a statement appearing in each issue: "PPR publishes articles in a wide range of areas including philosophy of mind, epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, and philosophical history of philosophy. No specific methodology or philosophical orientation is required in submissions." It is published by the International Phenomenological Society based at Brown University in Rhode Island, United States.
# French Mondain

The French Mondain is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. French Mondains, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon (Columba livia). The breed was originally developed in France as a utility pigeon. It was popular in America as a squabbing pigeon around the early part of the 20th century, The [American Pigeon Journal] published a special issue to it on July of 1917

## American and European styles

The French Mondain is available in two different styles. The American and European French Mondain are actually different breeds that share the same name.
Mr Pieter AH Du Toit of Southern-Africa is currently the owner of the World Champion French Mondain Pigeon called Mufasa, who won the International Pigeon Award in Brussels, Belgium, in 2010; he is commonly known as the top breeder and expert of this breed across the globe.
# İnci Aral

İnci Aral is a well-known Turkish writer of novels and short stories who has works published around the world. She was born in 1944 in Denizli, Turkey, a city in the southwestern part of Turkey. She currently lives in Istanbul, Turkey with her husband and two children. One of her popular stories was Ölü Erkek Kuşlar. Her novel Ağda Zaman was also well acclaimed.
After getting her degree in painting at the Gazi Institute of Education (current Gazi University), she became a teacher and taught at Manisa, Samsun, İzmir, and Ankara. Aral was originally trained as a painter, however, she felt her creativity could be applied elsewhere: writing. Initially, she created short stories, but later shifted her concentration towards writing novels. Many of her stories have been translated so they can be read in various languages including English and French. Although she is best known in Turkey, her outreach has spread to countries like the United States.
Her novels and short stories mainly focus on the development of society, specifically how women’s identity, love, and freedom impact society. While women are a main concern in most of her novels and short stories, she is not impartial to men. She narrates the two genders together, for she believes this harmony is crucial in order to properly portray the complete story of society.
During a speech at the Edinburgh World Writers' Conference in 2013, Aral presented her perspective of what the future holds for novels. In the speech, which can be found on The Guardian’s website, she claims that advancements in technology are a key determinate of how we live our lives and consume cultural goods. She believes that the world has become much faster paced because of technology and pressuring popular culture, leaving little room for the traditional novel to flourish like it once did. However the world may end up, which she says is unpredictable, she believes the novel will not be left unscathed by this intellectual revolution. While she knows novels are bound to change in length, she thinks there is plenty that can be done to save the novel. Aral advocates the idea of novels becoming more natural and “grasp[ing] life,” in order to regain a following in this new technological environment.
Some of her awards and honors include the merit from the Academy Book House for her story Ağda Zaman in 1980, the Nevzat Üstün Story Award for her book Kıran Resimleri in 1983, the Yunus Nadi Award for her book Ölü Erkek Kuşlar in 1992, and the Orhan Kemal Novel Award for the novel Mor in 2002.

## Artworks
### Novel

* 1991 - Ölü Erkek Kuşlar
* 1994 - Yeni Yalan Zamanlar
* 1997 - Hiçbir Aşk Hiçbir Ölüm
* 1998 - İçimden Kuşlar Göçüyor
* 2002 - Mor
* 2005 - Taş ve Ten
* 2006 - Safran Sarı
* 2010 - Sadakat
* 2011 - Şarkını Söylediğin Zaman

### Story

* 1979 - Ağda Zamanı
* 1983 - Kıran Resimleri
* 1984 - Uykusuzlar
* 1986 - Sevginin Eşsiz Kışı
* 2000 - Gölgede Kırk Derece
* 2003 - Anlar İzler Tutkular
* 2006 - Ruhumu Öpmeyi Unuttun

### Essay - memoir - narrative

* 2003 - Anlar İzler Tutkular
* 2008 - Unutmak
* 2011 - Yazma Büyüsü
* 2016 - Kan Günleri ve Nar Ağrısı

### Screenplay

* 1989 - Kirli Sarı
* 1995 - Buluşma
# Jack Nix

Jack Nix may refer to:
* Jack Nix (American football, born 1928) (1928–2024), American and Canadian football end for the San Francisco 49ers and Saskatchewan Roughriders
* Jack Nix (American football, born 1917) (1917–1990), American football wing back for the Cleveland Rams
# Brendan Blumer

Brendan Blumer (born 1986) is an American-born Cayman Islands–based entrepreneur. He is the CEO of the tech company Block.one, which developed the EOS.IO blockchain platform.

## Early life

Blumer was born and raised in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. When he was 15 years old, he developed a website to sell virtual assets in the multiplayer online gaming space. His website, known as Gamecliff (stylized as GaMeCliff), displayed different characters, weapons, and houses for MMORPG games including EverQuest and World of Warcraft.

## Career

In 2005, Blumer's Gamecliff was acquired by IGE and the company moved to its new headquarters in Hong Kong to head Gamecliff's operations. Blumer founded The Accounts Network in 2007, a company that sold in-game MMORPG avatars and reached $1 million in revenue figures.
In 2010, Blumer launched Okay.com, an enterprise data sharing platform for real estate brokers in Asia. The company later merged with the real estate company Asia Pacific Properties. His next business project, ii5, also focused on real estate. Founded in 2013, the startup was dedicated to real estate listings in India.
In 2016, Blumer formed Block.One, a blockchain company, based in part on funding from ii5, his Hong Kong real estate firm. Block.one is registered in the Cayman Islands. In May 2017, Blumer announced EOS.IO, a blockchain platform known for its record setting initial coin offering (ICO).
In February 2018, he was listed by Forbes as one of the "richest people in cryptocurrency".

## Personal life

In 2020, Blumer renounced his US citizenship.
# South Guthrie, Tennessee

South Guthrie is an unincorporated rural community in Montgomery County, Tennessee, immediately south of the Kentucky state line.

## Geography

South Guthrie is adjacent to the city of Guthrie, Kentucky; essentially, it is the part of the Guthrie community located south of the state line. U.S. 41 is the primary route through the community.

## History

In the Jim Crow era, South Guthrie was the African-American community associated with the white city of Guthrie, with the state line forming a dividing line between the races.
The community of Guthrie was established in 1868 and experienced early growth after a railroad junction was completed in 1870. South Guthrie, which grew up alongside Guthrie, was known historically by the nicknames "Squiggtown" and "Niggertown", the latter being a pejorative used by white residents of Guthrie.
In the early decades of the 20th century, residents of South Guthrie found industrial employment in a broom factory and a plant that made railroad ties. South Guthrie also had a small middle class of African-American professionals and benefited economically from African-American tobacco farmers in the surrounding "Black Patch" region.
South Guthrie is still predominantly black, while Guthrie is predominantly white, although the divisions are not as sharply defined as they were historically.
The building that houses the South Guthrie community center is a former Rosenwald school that was completed in 1922 and operated as a school until 1968. It is the only survivor out of 22 Rosenwald schools that once existed in Montgomery County. The Guildfield Missionary Baptist Church, also built in 1922, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# 2003 MTV Video Music Awards Japan

The MTV Video Music Awards Japan 2003 were hosted by hip hop artist Zeebra and pop singer and actress Nana Katase

## Awards

Winners are in bold text.
Source

### Video of the Year

Rip Slyme — "Rakuen Baby"
* Eminem — "Without Me"
* Avril Lavigne — "Complicated"
* Mr. Children — "Hero"
* Hikaru Utada — "Sakura Drops"

### Album of the Year

Chemistry — Second to None
* Eminem — The Eminem Show
* Avril Lavigne — Let Go
* Rip Slyme — Tokyo Classic
* Hikaru Utada — Deep River

### Best Male Video

Craig David — "What's Your Flava?"
* Eminem — "Without Me"
* Ken Hirai — "Ring"
* Tamio Okuda — "Man wo Jishite"
* Justin Timberlake — "Like I Love You"

### Best Female Video

Hikaru Utada — "Sakura Drops"
* Avril Lavigne — "Complicated"
* Jennifer Lopez featuring Styles P and Jadakiss — "Jenny from the Block"
* Misia — "Back Blocks"
* Ringo Shiina — "Kuki (Stem)"

### Best Group Video

Rip Slyme — "Rakuen Baby"
* Blue — "One Love"
* Bon Jovi — "Everyday"
* Mr. Children — "Hero"
* Oasis — "Little By Little"

### Best New Artist

Avril Lavigne — "Complicated"
* Ashanti — "Foolish"
* Minmi — "The Perfect Vision"
* t.A.T.u. — "All The Things She Said"
* The Music — "The People"

### Best Rock Video

Red Hot Chili Peppers — "By the Way"
* Coldplay — "In My Place"
* Dragon Ash — "Fantasista"
* Foo Fighters — "All My Life"
* Sum 41 — "Still Waiting"

### Best Pop Video

Blue — "One Love"
* BoA — "Valenti"
* Ayumi Hamasaki — "Real Me"
* Mr. Children — "Hero"
* Justin Timberlake — "Like I Love You"

### Best R&B Video

Crystal Kay — "Girl U Love"
* Ashanti — "Foolish"
* Chemistry — "My Gift to You"
* Craig David — "What's Your Flava?"
* TLC — "Girl Talk"

### Best Hip-Hop Video

Rip Slyme — "Funkastic"
* Eminem — "Without Me"
* Missy Elliott — "Work It"
* King Giddra — "F.F.B."
* Nelly — "Hot in Herre"

### Best Dance Video

Supercar — "Yumegiwa Last Boy"
* Kylie Minogue — "Come Into My World"
* Moby — "We Are All Made of Stars"
* Sketch Show — "Turn Turn"
* Underworld — "Two Months Off"

### Best Video from a Film

Eminem — "Lose Yourself" (from 8 Mile)
* Beyoncé — "Work It Out" (from Austin Powers in Goldmember)
* King Giddra — "Generation Next" (from Madness in Bloom)
* Madonna — "Die Another Day" (from 007 Die Another Day)
* Supercar — "Yumegiwa Last Boy" (from Ping Pong)

### Best Collaboration

Suite Chic featuring Firstklas — "Good Life"
* Eve featuring Alicia Keys — "Gangsta Lovin'"
* Crystal Kay featuring Sphere of Influence and Sora — "Hard to Say"
* Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland — "Dilemma"
* Rhymester featuring Crazy Ken Band — "Nikutai Kankei part 2"

### Best Live Performance

Kick The Can Crew
* Craig David
* Exile
* Eve
* Suite Chic

## Special award
### Legend Award

Run DMC

## Live performances

* 175R
* Blue
* Chemistry
* Craig David
* Eve
* Crystal Kay
* M-Flo
* Rip Slyme
* Run DMC
* Sketch Show
# 2003 Wellingborough Borough Council election

The 2003 Borough Council of Wellingborough election took place on 1 May 2003 to elect members of Borough Council of Wellingborough in Northamptonshire, UK. This was on the same day as other local elections.
# Kaburan

Kaburan (Persian: کبوران) is a village in Bazarjan Rural District of the Central District of Tafresh County, Markazi province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 147 in 49 households. The following census in 2011 counted 119 people in 50 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 136 people in 63 households.
# Killing of Ousmane Zongo

Ousmane Zongo (c. 1960 – May 22, 2003) was a Burkinabé arts trader living in the United States who was shot and killed by Brian Conroy, a New York City Police Department officer during a warehouse raid on May 22, 2003. Zongo was not armed. Conroy did not receive any jail time but was convicted of criminally negligent homicide, received probation, and lost his job as a police officer.

## Incident

Police had targeted a Manhattan storage facility while investigating a CD/DVD infringement operation. Zongo repaired art and musical instruments at the same location but was never implicated in any way in the scheme. The shooter, NYPD officer Bryan Conroy, was disguised as a postal worker. He was guarding a bin of CDs when Zongo appeared to turn on a light. A chase ensued that ended when Zongo ran into a dead end. Conroy shot Zongo four times, once in the back. The NYPD later admitted Zongo had nothing to do with the counterfeiting and prosecutors contended Zongo ran from Conroy because he was frightened and confused when Conroy, who was not in police uniform, drew his weapon. The case drew parallels to that of Amadou Diallo, an unarmed immigrant from Guinea who was shot and killed by New York City Police Department officers in the Bronx in 1999. Al Sharpton led protests against alleged police brutality and racial profiling and was involved in getting Zongo's family from Burkina Faso to attend court proceedings.
Justice Robert H. Straus convicted Conroy of criminally negligent homicide, while clearing the officer of the more serious charge of second-degree manslaughter, which has a maximum sentence of 15 years in prison. The judge convicted him after a jury deadlocked, 10–2 in favor of conviction, on the manslaughter charge in his first trial in March. Conroy did not receive any jail time but was convicted of criminally negligent homicide and was given five years' probation, automatically losing his job with the NYPD.

## Family

Zongo's widow, Salimata Sanfo, and his two children live in Burkina Faso.
# Jelena Dubljević

Jelena Dubljević (born May 7, 1987) is a Montenegrin professional basketball player for Botaş SK. She is also part of the Montenegrin national team. She competed in the 2011 Eurobasket tournament with Montenegro. In 2016, Dubljević signed with the Los Angeles Sparks. In her first WNBA season, she won her first WNBA championship with the Sparks after they defeated the Minnesota Lynx 3–2 in the Finals.
# Filipino Globe

Filipino Globe is a publication that caters to Filipino expatriates around the world. It was founded by Hong Kong–based journalist Reggie Amigo and communications executive Therese Necio-Ortega.
Launched on November 11, 2006, it consists of a print edition, published out of Hong Kong, and an online edition.

## Format

Filipino Globe is published in a tabloid format. All pages have full-color options.

## Sections

* City (news and views in and around Hong Kong and Macau)
* National (news and views from the Philippines)
* World (news and views from around the world, mainly focused on Filipino expatriates)
* Focus (editorial, commentary and community news)
* Life and Times (features, livelihood, health and beauty, showbiz, sports, horoscope, comics, events diary and consular services information)

## Digital version

The online edition of Filipino Globe includes content from the newspaper as well as current news, which is updated regularly. Recently, a digital version of the newspaper was added, enabling visitors to flip and read the pages as they appear in print.
# Ichinomiya River

The Ichinomiya River (一宮川, Ichinomiyagawa) is a river in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. It is 37.3 kilometers (23.2 mi) in length and has a drainage area of 222 square kilometers (86 sq mi). Under the Rivers Act of 1906 the Ichinomiya is designated as a Class 2 River. The river basin of the Ichinomiya was a social, cultural, and economic center of Kazusa Province in pre-modern Japan. Although very shallow, the river was used to transport sardines from Kujukuri Beach to Tokyo Bay until the beginning of the Meiji period.

## Geography

The source of the Ichinomiya River is in the Fukusawa District of Chōnan, and crosses the southern part of the Kujukuri Plain through Ōtaki, Nagara, Mobara, and Mutsuzawa, and the town of Ichinomiya. It pours into the Pacific Ocean in the Ichimatsu District of the village of Chōsei.

### Tributaries

* Mizusawa River
* Habu River
* Chōrakuji River
* Obuta River
* Satsubo River
* Tsurue River
* Aku River
* Toyoda River
* Sanzu River
* Mizugami River

## Sources

* "Ichinomiya-gawa". Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei (日本歴史地名大系 “Compendium of Japanese Historical Place Names”). Tokyo: Netto Adobansusha. 2011. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2011-07-12.
35°23′35″N 140°23′30″E﻿ / ﻿35.39306°N 140.39167°E﻿ / 35.39306; 140.39167
vte River systems and rivers of Japan :
Rivers of Hokkaido :
Rivers of Honshu :
Rivers of Shikoku :
Rivers of Kyushu :
Rivers of Japan Category
Rivers of Japan on Commons :
# 2008 Kogi State gubernatorial by-election

A by-election was held to elect a new governor of Kogi State on March 29, 2008.
The incumbent, Ibrahim Idris of the PDP, was re-elected to a second term in the 2007 general elections, but later in the year his election was nullified by Appeal Court due to a complaint to the Election Petitions Tribunal by Abubakar Audu, a former governor who was excluded by INEC from participating in the 2007 elections. On February 6, 2008, the Court of Appeal upheld this ruling and ordered a new election to be held within three months. President Umaru Yar'Adua ordered the Speaker of the Kogi State Assembly to take over as acting governor.
Idris re-ran for the governorship on the PDP ticket, challenging Abubakar Audu (ANPP), Ramat Momoh (PAC) and Yusuf Obaje (DPP).

## Results

Kogi State gubernatorial by-election, March 29, 2008 :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| PDP | Ibrahim Idris | 518,581 |
| ANPP | Abubakar Audu | 175,978 |
| PAC | Ramat Momoh | 1,529 |
| Democratic People's Party | Yusuf Obaje | 1,259 |
# Pietro Respighi

Pietro Respighi S.T.D. JUD (22 September 1843 – 22 March 1913) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran and vicar general of Rome. He was made a cardinal in 1899.

## Biography

He was born in Bologna, the son of a mathematics professor at the University of Bologna. His nephew was Monsignor Carlo Respighi. Respighi studied philosophy with Battaglini, who later became archbishop of Bologna.
He received the sacrament of confirmation in November 1850. He was educated in the Seminary of Bologna and the Pio Roman Seminary in Rome, earning doctorates in theology, civil and canon law in 1870. Ordained to the priesthood on the last day of March 1866 in Rome, he afterwards worked in the Archdiocese of Bologna as professor of Sacred Liturgy and Christian Archology of its seminary from 1872 to June 1874. He was appointed as Archpriest of Santi Gervasio e Protasio parish until 1891.
Pope Leo XIII appointed him Bishop of Guastalla on 14 December 1891. He was appointed to the see of Ferrara in 1896. As Archbishop of Ferrara he was created Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quattro Coronati in the consistory of 19 June 1899. He resigned pastoral government of the archdiocese of Ferrara on 19 April 1900. On the death of Pope Leo XIII he participated in the conclave of 1903 that elected Pope Pius X. He was Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals from 1906 until 1907, and in 1910 he was appointed Archpriest of the Patriarchal Lateran basilica, a position he held until his death three years later.

## Notes and References

* 1 2 Florida International University website, The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church section, Biographical Dictionary, Pope Leo XIII, Consistory of June 19, 1899
* ↑ Google Books website, The Restoration of Gregorian Chant: Solesmes and the Vatican Edition, by Pierre Combe, page 185
* ↑ Rivista enciclopedica contemporanea, Editore Francesco Vallardi, Milan, (1913), entry by A Blanche, page 77.
* ↑ California State University Northridge website, Sede Vacante 1903
Catholic Church titles :
| Preceded byDomenico Jacobini | Vicar General of Rome 9 April 1900 – 22 March 1913 | Succeeded byBasilio Pompili |
| Preceded byFrancesco Satolli | Archpriest of the Basilica of St. John Lateran 10 January 1910 – 22 March 1913 | Succeeded byDomenico Ferrata |
# Thaxteriella pezizula

Thaxteriella pezizula is a fungal plant pathogen, known for infecting sweetgums (Liquidambar sp). The fungus is saprobic on woody substrates. It has a mycelium (root-like structure) that forms a dense velvety subiculum (support) on the surface of the bark, which consists of black hyphae.
The fungus was published by (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Petr. in Sydowia 7(1-4): 110 in 1953.
It is found in North America, Central America, South America, Europe, New Zealand and Australia.
# Hulín

Hulín (Czech pronunciation:; German: Hullein) is a town in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,500 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Hulín consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Hulín (5,901)
* Chrášťany (92)
* Záhlinice (327)

## Geography

Hulín is located about 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Kroměříž and 16 km (10 mi) northwest of Zlín. It lies in a flat landscape of the Upper Morava Valley. The Rusava and Mojena streams flow through the town. The Rusava flows into the Morava River, which forms part of the southern municipal border. There is a system of several fishponds south of the town.

## History

The first written mention of Hulín is from 1224, when the visit of King Ottokar I was documented. In 1261, the village was donated to the church by King Ottokar II of Bohemia as acknowledgement to bishop Bruno von Schauenburg for his services. Shortly after, Hulín was promoted to a town. At the end of the 13th century, a local small fortress was rebuilt to a bigger castle and the town centre was fortified with walls and a moat.
The local population subsisted mainly on agriculture. The breeding of cattle was significant. In the 1840s, the railway was built and the town slowly began to industrialize.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 2,867 | — |
| 1880 | 3,405 | +18.8% |
| 1890 | 3,663 | +7.6% |
| 1900 | 3,831 | +4.6% |
| 1910 | 4,377 | +14.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 4,506 | +2.9% |
| 1930 | 4,931 | +9.4% |
| 1950 | 4,788 | −2.9% |
| 1961 | 6,014 | +25.6% |
| 1970 | 6,354 | +5.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 7,649 | +20.4% |
| 1991 | 7,895 | +3.2% |
| 2001 | 7,610 | −3.6% |
| 2011 | 6,896 | −9.4% |
| 2021 | 6,320 | −8.4% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

The town is surrounded by motorways on two sides. The intersection of the D1 and D55 motorways is located in the northern part of the territory.
Hulín is a railway junction. The town is located on the lines Prague–Luhačovice, Brno–Olomouc and Rožnov pod Radhoštěm–Kojetín.

## Sport

SK Spartak Hulín is a football club which played in the Moravian–Silesian Football League (third tier of Czech football system). After relegation in 2019 the club suspended its activities and since the 2020–21 season it plays in lower amateur tiers.

## Sights

The main landmark of Hulín is the Church of Saint Wenceslaus. It was founded in the early 13th century. The originally Romanesque church was rebuilt into its present form after a fire in 1747.

## Notable people

* Zdeněk Nehoda (born 1952), footballer and football agent
* Radek Drulák (born 1962), footballer
* Zdeněk Zlámal (born 1985), footballer; grew up here

## Twin towns – sister cities

Hulín is twinned with:
* Zlaté Moravce, Slovakia
# Drigalski spatula

A Drigalski spatula is a type of cell spreader consisting of a cylindrical rod or wire, usually of metal or glass, bent in the shape of a triangle with a handle.
The tool is named after German bacteriologist Wilhelm von Drigalski (1871-1950).