OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samcheonggak

Samcheonggak (Korean: 삼청각) is a small Korean-style mountainside resort in Seongbuk-dong, Seongbuk District, Seoul. Samcheonggak is near Cheong Wa Dae, the official residence of the President of South Korea, so the surrounding forest remained undeveloped during Korea's miraculous economic growth.

## Name

The name "Samcheonggak" comes from Chinese characters meaning "the pavilion of the three purities." The "three purities" (三淸) are pure water (淸水), pure mountains (淸山), and pure humanity (淸人). The name evokes a dwelling place for shinseon, a Taoist hermit with supernatural powers (신선; 神仙).

## History

Samcheonggak was first established in 1972 by the authoritarian Park Chung Hee government as a traditional Korean entertainment venue (Kisaeng house) for high-ranking government officials, especially the meeting between the respective Red Cross groups of South and North Korea. After the assassination of Park Chung Hee by Kim Jae-kyu in 1979, Samcheonggak operated as a private restaurant. Samcheonggak was closed due to financial problems in December 1999 and purchased by the Seoul Metropolitan Government in May 2000. The site was opened to the public on October 29, 2001. In August 2005, Samcheonggak was entrusted to Paradise Co., Ltd. The site contains a performance hall, a Korean restaurant, a tea house, and guest accommodations. There are six hanok. Samcheonggak is one of the most famous places in Seoul for traditional performances and fine dining.
# 1941 Doncaster by-election

The 1941 Doncaster by-election was held on 6 February 1941. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, John Morgan. It was won by the Labour candidate Evelyn Walkden, who was unopposed in keeping with wartime convention.
# Aubrey Brain

Aubrey Brain (12 July 1893 – 21 September 1955) was a British horn player and teacher. He was the father of Dennis Brain.

## Biography

Aubrey Harold Brain was born in London in 1893. He came from a musical family. His father, Alfred Edwin Brain Sr. was a member of the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) horn quartet. His brother Alfred was for many years the principal horn player in the Queen's Hall Orchestra under Sir Henry Wood. He went to the United States to join the Damrosch Orchestra in 1923, and remained permanently, becoming an American citizen.
In 1911 Aubrey Brain won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music. He was appointed principal horn of the New Symphony Orchestra that same year, and in 1912 he went on the LSO's tour of the United States under Arthur Nikisch. He was principal horn of Thomas Beecham's opera company orchestra in 1913.
In 1923 he succeeded his teacher, Adolf Borsdorf as professor of horn at the Royal Academy of Music, where his son Dennis was among his students.
Dame Ethel Smyth wrote her Concerto for Violin, Horn and Orchestra with Aubrey Brain in mind. He and Jelly d'Arányi premiered the work under Sir Henry Wood on 5 March 1927. He also played it in Berlin with Marjorie Hayward. He joined the BBC Symphony Orchestra as principal horn, and remained there until illness caused his premature retirement in 1943. He was often a soloist, and made a number of recordings.
He had a marked preference for French instruments, and played a hand horn made by Labbaye in c. 1865, to which English-made valves had been added. He would never permit the use of large-bore German horns in the BBC SO.
He married Marion Beeley, a singer at Covent Garden. His two sons were Dennis Brain, even more famous as a horn player, and Leonard Brain, an oboist.

## Discography

One recording by Aubrey Brain has been made available by the British classical record company Testament:
* SBT 1001 Johannes Brahms, Horn Trio in E flat major, Op. 40. With Adolf Busch, violin, and Rudolf Serkin, piano. Recorded on 13 November 1933, at the Abbey Road Studios, London, and originally published on 78 RPM shellac as DB.2105/8. Further included on the CD is Brahms' Clarinet Quintet, played by Reginald Kell, clarinet, and the Busch Quartet (recorded on 10 October 1937).
# Perceptual disturbance

Perceptual disturbance or perceptual disorder may refer to:
* Perceptual disturbances or distortions, for instance with hallucinogenic drugs
* Hallucinations, for instance visual or auditory hallucinations
* Sensory processing disorder
** Auditory processing disorder
* Depersonalization-derealization disorder
* Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder
# Operation Huckaback

Operation Huckaback was a British Commando raid during the Second World War. The raid was carried out by No. 62 Commando also known as the Small Scale Raiding Force (SSRF) over the night of 27/28 February 1943.
The raid was originally planned for the night of 9/10 February 1943, as simultaneous raids on Herm, Jethou and Brecqhou. The objective was to take prisoners and gain information about the situation in the occupied Channel Islands. It was to be carried out by 42 men from the SSRF and No. 4 Commando, but was cancelled because of bad weather.
Huckaback was reinvented as a raid on Herm alone on the night of 27/28 February 1943. Ten men of the SSRF under Captain Patrick Anthony Porteous VC landed 200 yards (180 m) to the north-west of Selle Rocque on a shingle beach from MTB 344. After three unsuccessful attempts to scale the cliff, Porteous finally managed to climb up the bed of a stream and pulled the others up using toggle ropes.
On reaching Belvoir House, they found it had been broken into and abandoned. Further reconnaissance found that the Old Tower of Herm and the Château were also deserted. The raid did not find any signs of the German occupation troop or the island's population. The caretaker of Belvoir house was aware of people on the island, but locked the door. Leaflets were left for the Germans to find. The commandos departed and returned to England.$^{:114}$
The few civilians on the island were living near the harbour and were not aware of the raid taking place at the time.
# John Hughes (Coventry North East MP)

John Hughes (29 May 1925 – 14 August 2009) was Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for Coventry North East in the United Kingdom from 1987 to 1992.
Born in Tanfield Lea, County Durham, he served in the Royal Navy aboard HMS Victorious during the Second World War. A former Durham and Keresley miner, storeman and transport union convener, in 1986 he successfully fought and received compensation following a claim of unfair dismissal as a result of his union activities from Austin-Rover's Unipart works in Coventry.
Mr Hughes served as a Coventry City councillor for the Holbrook Ward, and chair of the Coventry District Labour Party from 1977 to 1981. In his time on the Council, he was expelled three times from the ruling Labour group for defying the party whip over spending cuts, rent rises and school meal price rises.
He was MP for Coventry North East at a time when his Constituency Labour Party was the scene of particularly fraught left-right battles, even by the standards of the Labour Party in the 1980s. In 1985, the left wing won control of the CLP at the AGM. Hughes had not been particularly prominent in the period leading up to this, but he came out of political semi-retirement as an "elder statesman" figure to become CLP chair. A few weeks later the sitting MP, George Park, announced his intention to retire at the next election, if he had not done so there would probably have been an attempt to deselect him. The CLP then went into the procedure for selecting a parliamentary candidate. At the selection meeting the right wing voted for Hughes as he seemed the weakest of the left-wing candidates, mainly because he was aged 60 and so might only serve one term as an MP.
Hughes was elected at the 1987 general election at the age of 62, old for a first-time MP but by no means unknown. In his time as an MP he hit the headlines when, on Monday 11 January 1988, the Speaker ordered him out of the chamber, when during prayers he asked the clergyman not to bless the house in protest at the social impact of the government's policies. The focus of this protest was the case of Matthew Mulhall, a constituent of Hughes, whose condition required a life-saving operation by the end of February, 1988. The local hospital had repeatedly delayed the treatment that could save Matthew's life. Hughes, himself a practising Catholic, subsequently escaped punishment for his outburst by the Labour leadership. Then-Labour Chief Whip, Derek Foster went on to endorse the protest by Mr Hughes as "utterly sincere." Hughes also attempted to have the law changed, preventing gas and electricity companies from cutting-off supplies of essential fuel and energy to individual homes. His Fuel and Energy Provision Bill was given its first reading on Wednesday, 27 July 1988, but progressed no further due to lack of time.
In the run up to the 1992 general election his Constituency Labour Party had shifted to the right, and it deselected him in favour of Bob Ainsworth. He fought the election as Independent Labour, polling 4,008 votes (8.5% of total votes cast).
# Park Jong-duk

Park Jong-duk (born December 8, 1985) is a South Korean male curler.
At the international level, he is a 2015 Pacific-Asia champion.
At the national level, he is a five-time Korean men's champion.

## Teams

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Alternate | Coach | Events |
| 2003–04 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Chang-min | Park Jong-duk | Kim Hyun Chul | Seo Suk Jae | Melissa Soligo, Kim Kyung Seog | WJCC 2004 (4th) |
| 2004–05 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Chang-min | Park Jong-duk | Park Jin-oh | Ha Jin-hyuk | Kim Kyung Seog | PJCC 2005 WJCC 2005 (8th) |
| 2005–06 | Kim Chang-min | Kim Min-chan | Park Jong-duk | Park Jin-oh | Choi Byung-rok | Kim Kyung Seog | WJCC 2006 (5th) |
| 2006–07 | Kim Chang-min | Kim Min-chan | Park Jong-duk | Park Jin-oh | | Kim Kyung Seog | PJCC 2007 |
| 2008–09 | Lee Dong-keun | Kim Soo-hyuk | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Lee Kyn-heon | Sin Young-Kook, Lee Jong-Sun | PACC 2008 (4th) |
| 2013–14 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Tae-hwan | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Lee Ye-jun | Yang Se Young | PACC 2013 |
| 2014–15 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Tae-hwan | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon | Yang Se Young | PACC 2014 |
| 2015–16 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Tae-hwan | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon (PACC, WCC) | Yang Se Young (PACC, WCC) | PACC 2015 WCC 2016 (11th) KMCC 2016 |
| 2016–17 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Kim Tae-hwan | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon | Yang Se Young | PACC 2016 |
| 2016–17 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Park Jong-duk | Kim Tae-hwan | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon | Yang Se Young | AWG 2017 |
| 2017–18 | Kim Soo-hyuk | Park Jong-duk | Kim Tae-hwan | Nam Yoon-ho | | | |
| 2018–19 | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon | Kim Jeong-min | | | |
| 2019–20 | Park Jong-duk | Nam Yoon-ho | Yoo Min-hyeon | Kim Jeong-min | | | |
| 2020–21 | Park Jong-duk | Seo Min-guk | Kim Jeong-min | Oh Seung-hoon | | | KMCC 2020 (5th) |
| 2021–22 | Lee Ki-jeong | Park Jong-duk | Lee Ki-bok | Oh Seung-hoon | Seong Yu-jin | Lee Ye-jun | KMCC 2021 |
| 2022–23 | Jeong Yeong-seok | Park Jong-duk | Oh Seung-hoon | Seong Ji-hoon | | | KMCC 2022 |
| 2023–24 | Park Jong-duk | Jeong Yeong-seok | Oh Seung-hoon | Seong Ji-hoon | Lee Ki-bok | Lee Ye-jun | KMCC 2023 PCCC 2023 WCC 2024 (12th) |
| 2024–25 | Park Jong-duk | Jeong Yeong-seok | Oh Seung-hoon | Lee Ki-bok | Seong Ji-hoon | Lee Ye-jun | KMCC 2024 |
# She'eb massacre

The She'eb massacre was a massacre committed against the Eritrean civilian population in the town of She'eb during the Eritrean War of Independence by the Ethiopian military during the spring of 1988, towards the end of the Ethiopian Civil War.

## Massacre

The entire town was raised and burnt to the ground in 1988, and the people who had not been able to flee were ordered to assemble and subsequently run over with tanks while those trying to flee were shot. The massacre left about 400 people dead, including many elderly and children who had not been able to flee in advance. They proceeded to kill at least 100 more civilians in neighboring villages.
# Bình Chánh district

Bình Chánh is an rural district (huyện) in the southwest of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. High urbanization rate has made Bình Chánh become one of a high population growth districts in the city. As of 2019, the district had a population of 705,508. It covers an area of 253 km$^2$. The district capital lies at Tân Túc.
Bình Chánh district borders District 7, District 8, Bình Tân district, Hóc Môn District and Nhà Bè District.
# 1947 Svenska Cupen final

The 1947 Svenska Cupen final took place on 24 August 1947 at Råsunda in Solna. It was contested between Allsvenskan sides Malmö FF and AIK. AIK played their first final since 1943 and their second final in total, Malmö FF played their fourth consecutive final and their fourth final in total. Malmö FF won their third title with a 3–2 victory.

## Match details

| Malmö FF | AIK |
MALMÖ FF: :
| GK | Sven Winqvist |
| DF | Hans Malmström |
| DF | Erik Nilsson |
| DF | Kjell Rosén |
| DF | Sture Mårtensson |
| MF | Ingvar Gärd |
| MF | Egon Jönsson |
| MF | Börje Tapper |
| MF | Gustaf Nilsson |
| FW | Walfrid Ek |
| FW | Stellan Nilsson |
| Manager: ||||
| Kálmán Konrád ||||
AIK: :
| GK | Gustav Sjöberg |
| DF | Lennart Askinger |
| DF | Ove Karlsson |
| DF | Bengt Rosenqvist |
| DF | Harry Nilsson |
| MF | Harry Johansson |
| MF | Gösta Nilsson |
| MF | Lennart Pettersson |
| MF | Sune Andersson |
| FW | Henry Carlsson |
| FW | Bertil Bäckvall |
| Manager: ||||
| István Wampetits ||||
# 2016 in Armenia

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The following lists events in the year 2016 in Armenia.

## Incumbents

* President: Serzh Sargsyan
* Prime Minister: Hovik Abrahamyan (until 13 September), Karen Karapetyan (starting 13 September)
* Speaker: Galust Sahakyan

## Events
### April

* 1–5 April – 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

### July

* 17 July – At least one person is reportedly killed and others are taken hostage after an armed group seized control of a police building in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. The gunmen demanded the release of jailed opposition figure, Jirair Sefilian, according to the National Security Service.
* 31 July – The hostage crisis comes to an end in Yerevan after the remaining gunmen laid down their arms in a police station surrender to police.

### August

* 5–21 August – 33 athletes from Armenia competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

### September

* 21 September – Armenia celebrates its 25th anniversary of its independence with a military parade on the Republic Square in the center of Yerevan.
# Lotus angustissimus

Lotus angustissimus, the slender bird's foot trefoil, is a plant in the genus Lotus. It has a wide distribution, from Macaronesia to Xinjiang in China.

## Description

This plant is an annual identified by hairy red stems, singular yellow flowers looking like those of common vetch, and leaves are oval with spear tips. This plant creates mats on the ground and blooms July to August. This plant has unique reddish seeds.

## Distribution

Lotus angustissimus has a wide distribution from Macaronesia, North Africa, Europe and West Asia to the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Western Siberia and Xinjiang. It has been introduced elsewhere, including California, where it is considered a weed.<ref name=calflora>
# Jinny Blom

Jinny Blom is a landscape gardener who began her London-based landscape design practice in 2000. Since then, she has created gardens and large estates all over the world. Her work, which focuses on conservation and the best use of land, has been celebrated internationally. She has created therapeutic gardens for the NHS charity CW+, most recently for the new ICU at Chelsea&Westminster Hospital where she is Artist-in-Residence. The garden forms part of academic research into the positive effects of biophilia on health.
In 2002 HRH the Prince of Wales chose Jinny to help co-design his Healing Garden for the RHS Chelsea Flower Show. She went on to design two further Chelsea show gardens for Laurent-Perrier in 2006 and 2007, winning Gold. She returned in 2013 with Prince Harry’s first excursion into the show, in its Centenary year, with a conceptual garden designed to raise awareness of the landlocked country of Lesotho ravaged by the HIV epidemic.
Jinny trained and practised as a transpersonal psychologist and psychotherapist, working for many years in mental health. In 1996 she chose to devote herself to her lifelong interest in natural landscapes and gardens. She has been a columnist for The Times, contributed regularly to radio and television worldwide, and in 2002 won BBC Radio Broadcaster of the Year for her Radio 4 Woman's Hour feature following the King’s Chelsea Garden production. Jinny has been nominated Woman of the Year an unprecedented three times - in 2002, 2007 and 2013 - for her services to society.
Following the hugely successful The Thoughtful Gardener (2017), the second book by Jinny Blom What Makes a Garden was published in October 2023.
What Makes a Garden won Gardening Book of the Year in 2024 and was accompanied by a self-made podcast series with guests as varied as Tim Walker, Olivia Laing and Brian Eno.
In 2024 Jinny Blom launched a bespoke range of ‘landscape colours’ designed by her specifically for use outside. She has teamed up with Dominic Myland, the owner of the family run paint maker and Royal Warrant holder Mylands. It is a unique plant-based formula for wood, metal and masonry.

## Works

* Blom, J. (2017). The Thoughtful Gardener: An Intelligent Approach to Garden Design. Jacqui Small. ISBN 978-1-911127-54-3.
* Blom, J. (2023). What Makes a Garden: A considered approach to garden design Frances Lincoln. ISBN 978-0711282957. books.google.com preview
# Operation Law and Order

vteSouth Lebanon conflict :
Engagements
1982–1983 Tyre headquarters bombings
Iron Fist
Maarakeh bombing
Zrarieh raid
Night of the Gliders
Naameh Raid
Law and Order
September 1992 clashes
Accountability
Grapes of Wrath
Qana
Nabatieh Fawka
Mansouri
1997 Israeli helicopter disaster
Ansariya ambush
Battle of Khiam
International incidents
TWA Flight 847
Buenos Aires embassy
AMIA bombing
Alas Chiricanas Flight 00901 :
Operation Law and Order was a 1988 Israeli military operation against a Hezbollah base in the village of Maydoun.

## Background

On April 26, 1988, a Hezbollah infiltration attempt at Har Dov ended in a battle during which an Israeli officer, Lieutenant Colonel Shmuel Adiv, a battalion commander in the Givati Brigade, was killed along with the entire Hezbollah cell. In response, the commander of the IDF Northern Command, Major-General Yossi Peled, decided to raid the Lebanese town of Maidun, the known location of a Hezbollah headquarters.
As a result, a two-pronged operation was planned. The first, Operation Law, would see a Paratroopers Brigade unit commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Amos Ben-Haim, raid Lebanese villages in the vicinity as a distraction, though it was also hoped that enemy fighters could be captured and weapons seized. The main operation would be Operation Order, which would be led by the Paratroopers Brigade commander, Colonel Shaul Mofaz. The operation would be carried out by Battalion 202, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Yitzhak Gershon, supported by additional paratrooper and infantry units commanded by Major Roni Alsheikh, Captain Gal Hirsch, Major Gadi Shamni, and Captain Matti Horowitz. They were supported by a tank company from the 7th Armored Brigade commanded by Captain Omri Sadeh, an artillery unit commanded by Zvi Fuchs, and Israeli Air Force attack helicopters.

## The battle

On May 2, Operation Law began when the 890th Paratroop Battalion, led by Benny Gantz, and 50th Paratroop Battalion unit, began search and destroy operations against guerrilla infrastructure in South Lebanon, and scattered propaganda leaflets. The following day, Operation Order began, when Israeli Paratroopers, mainly from 202 Paratroop Battalion, and armor raided Maidun. As the column crossed into Lebanon, it was fired at by the South Lebanon Army in a friendly fire incident due to lack of coordination. The column successfully fought its way into the village after coming under fire and engaged Hezbollah fighters at point-blank range, with artillery and air support participating and suppressing Syrian artillery firing in support of Hezbollah fighters, and Hezbollah fighters attempting to escape attacked.

## Aftermath

Israeli sources said the goal was to "restore the army's image" and deter the Arab enemies, while Western military sources said it was "designed for home consumption", Before the fighting, Majdoun was a village of 50 houses. Those left standing were dynamited by the Israeli ally, the South Lebanon Army.
# Binter Mediterráneo

Binter Mediterráneo was a Spanish airline with its head office in the Domestic Departures area of Málaga Airport in Málaga, Spain., the airline was created in 1988 in the likeness of Binter Canarias, another a subsidiary of Iberia LAE. Binter Mediterráneo was based in Madrid and operated a fleet that consisted of five CASA CN-235 aircraft.
Binter Mediterráneo linked the city of Melilla to Málaga, Almeria, Valencia and in its last year, with Madrid. Binter ceased operations after one of its planes crashed on 29 August 2001 in the vicinity of Málaga airport while performing the Melilla-Malaga route. It was sold by Iberia in June 2001 to its franchise Air Nostrum, owned by Nefinsa .
Air Nostrum, an independent Iberia franchise operator, acquired Binter Mediterráneo in 2001 and absorbed its operations. It replaced the remaining CN-235s with ATR-72s.

## Incidents

On 29 August 2001 Binter Mediterráneo Flight 8261 (registration EC-FBC) crash-landed next to N-340, some 200 meters short of the runway 32 at Málaga Airport at Málaga, Spain. The pilot reported to Málaga Air Traffic Control, while on final approach, the aircraft's left engine had failed, and that he would have to perform an emergency landing. The plane descended, hitting the first edge lights and stopping right next to the N-340. Subsequent investigation into the accident revealed that, shortly after the initial engine failure, the First Officer inadvertently shut down both of the aircraft's engines, leading to a total loss of power. Four out of the 44 people on board were killed, including the pilot Capt. Fdez. Ruano. The aircraft was scrapped.