OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Iroth Sonny Edhie

Iroth Sonny Edhie (born 15 July 1971) is an Indonesian army general who is currently serving as the Chief of the Indonesian Army Transportation Corps. He served in the position since 17 November 2023. Prior to his assignment, he held various positions in the Army Strategic Reserve Command and the Ministry of Defence, including as an interpreter for defense minister Ryamizard Ryacudu.

## Career

Edhie was born on 15 July 1971. He began his career in the army after graduating from the Indonesian Military Academy in 1993 and attending the basic transport course in 1994. He was assigned to the Army Strategic Reserve Command, where he held a variety of positions from platoon to company commander. Throughout his time, Edhie attended a variety of military courses, both in Indonesia and overseas. He was appointed as the commander of the transportation company in the 1st Army Strategic Reserve Command in December 1999 and served until July 2002.
Edhie was transferred to the Armed Forces Strategic Intelligence Body for two years. Afterwards, he was reassigned to the Indonesian embassy in London, where he became the assistant military attaché in the embassy. He was in the position for three years until December 2007 and returned to the Armed Forces Strategic Intelligence Body.
Edhie received a promotion to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 2010 and underwent another overseas posting at the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the United Nations. He respectively became assistant for public affairs and deputy military adviser at the mission. He completed his duty at the permanent mission in 2014 and became the interpreter to defence minister Ryamizard Ryacudu. After Ryacudu's term as minister ended, Edhie was reposted to the ministry's secretariat general on 11 February 2019, where he became the chief of administration and protocol. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier general on 27 February.
Edhie ended his tenure in the secretariat general about a year later on 17 January 2020. He was reassigned to the Indonesian Defence University as a lecturer. Less than four months later, army chief of staff Andika Perkasa formed the Army Cyber and Crypto Center, and Edhie was appointed as its first commander.
After three years of service, Edhie ended his tenure as the commander of the Army Cyber and Crypto Center on 17 November 2023. He was installed as chief of the transportation corps on the same day and was promoted to the rank of major general on 5 December.

## Personal life

Edhie is married to Alexandra Henny Damastuti and has two children.
Edhie has a bachelor's and master's degree in international relations from the General Achmad Yani University.
# John L. Templeman

John L. Templeman (March 11, 1872 – October 19, 1936) was a college football player and prominent attorney.

## Grinnell College

Templeman attended Grinnell College (then called Iowa College) before 1897.

## University of Virginia

Templeman was a prominent center for the Virginia Cavaliers football team of the University of Virginia. He also kicked field goals.

### 1897

Templeman played in the game in which Richard Von Albade Gammon died in 1897.

### 1898

Templeman was selected All-Southern by W. A. Lambeth in Outing.

## Butte

He came to Butte, Montana in 1900, and in 1903 was appointed city attorney.
# Dariusz Pawłowski

Dariusz Pawłowski (born 25 February 1999) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a right-back for 2. Liga club Tatran Prešov, on loan from Radomiak Radom.

## Honours

Górnik Zabrze II
* Polish Cup (Zabrze regionals): 2015–16
# Joanna Mazur

Joanna Mazur (born 13 March 1990) is a blind Polish Paralympic athlete who competes in sprinting events in international level events. She has been blind since she was seven years old due to a rare genetic defect.
Mazur was a contestant on Dancing with the Stars: Taniec z gwiazdami in 2019.
# PKS 1335−127

PKS 1335-127 is a blazar located in the constellation of Virgo with a redshift of (z) 0.539. This is a compact BL Lac object containing a radio source of extragalactic origins; discovered in 1970 during the continuum survey conducted by astronomers from Ohio State University. The object shows a radio spectrum appearing as flat, thus making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FRSQ), but also classified as a gigahertz-peaked source (GPS) with high polarization.

## Description

PKS 1335-127 is considered to be variable on the electromagnetic spectrum. It is known to produce a near-infrared flare which was detected in February 2013 showing a H-band flux value of 13.691 ± 0.08. Enhanced gamma-ray activity was observed from the object in May 2020, followed by an optical flare one month later. There is presence of large amplitude variability and evidence of position angles showing different rotations at both low and high frequencies from the object.
Radio imaging made by the Very Long Baseline Array on arcsecond scales, shows the structure of PKS 1335-127 is mainly made up of a radio core and a radio jet that is found to curve in an eastwards direction by 6.5" from the core. When imaged at 43 GHz, the jet is revealed to become less defined, with a patch of weak diffused radio emission located southeast. There is also an extended component located at a 152° position angle at a distance of 2.6 milliarcseconds. Earlier observations via a very-long baseline Interferometry (VLBI) map shows the core as unresolved while the jet is found to have an orientation of 135° indicating a perpendicular magnetic field.
Further observations also found the circular polarization in PKS 1335-127 is stable. While images at 15 and 22 GHz respectively shows the presence of compact radio emission focused on the phase center, the image at 43 GHz shows PKS 1335-127 has a double structure containing components with a much stronger southern component. There is also circular polarization towards the jet at its southwestern edge, polarized by 7.16 percent; however it is found 2 factor higher when compared to circular polarization in the jet of 3C 84 (NGC 1275).
# Tili (caste)

Tili is a Bengali Hindu middle-ranking caste, found in the state of Bihar and West Bengal in India. By the late nineteenth century Tili was one of the fourteen castes belonging to 'Nabasakh' group in Bengal.

## History and origin

The Tili caste belongs to West Bengal and Bihar. Tilis speak in Angika and Bengali. Tilis are now found mainly in Bhagalpur and Banka District of Bihar, and also in Bankura, Hooghly and Midnapore districts of West Bengal. According to Ramkrishna Mukherjee, some Bengali Telis are gradually converting their caste to Tili.
By the second half of the nineteenth century, Tili became a symbol of higher status among the Telis. Trade and cultivation were the occupations of the dissident Telis or Tilis in the sixteenth century as testified by Chandimangalkavya. In south-western Bengal, the Tilis appeared to have become cocoon bearers and traders. In the nineteenth century, the Tilis had become one of the foremost mercantile communities of Bengal. The Roys of Bhagyakul, the Nandis of Cossimbazar (Murshidabad), the Kundu Chowdhuris of Mahiari (Howrah), Pal Chowdhuris of Ranaghat gained affluence through trade and moneylendling, and became landholders. The Pal Chaudhuris of Ranaghat (Nadia) ran indigo factories. The Dey family of Srerampore rose to prominence by saltpeter trade. Dayaram Roy, initially a diwan, acquired large estate and founded the Dighapatia Raj, partly by his unjust stewardship. The Pramaniks of Shantipur also gained fame for their temple building activities. Tilis became a major beneficiary of the economic changes made by the British government and British commercial interests who had converted Bengal into a vast market ready to supply raw materials to England.

## Social status

Tili was included in the list of 177 "backward classes" for the state of West Bengal by Mandal Commission, but the state government has not yet recognised them as such, and they still belong to General category.

## Notable people

* Krishna Kanta Nandi, the banian to Warren Hastings and the founder of the Cossimbazar Raj family.
* Sudhamoy Pramanick, Bengali advocate and Congress activist.
* Diptendu Pramanick, Bengali film personality.
* Pankaj Roy, Indian cricketer and Padma Shri awardee, member of Bhagyakul Roy family.
* Subrata Roy, founder-chairman of Sahara India Pariwar, a prominent business conglomerate in India.
* Maharani Swarnamoyee, Maharani of Cossimbazar Raj from 1844 to 1897 and a philanthropist during the period of Bengal Renaissance.
* Gostha Behari Pal, the first captain of the India National Football Team.
* Kristo Das Pal, an Indian journalist, orator and the editor of the Hindoo Patriot.
* Dinendra Kumar Roy, a Bengali novelist and editor.
* Harinath Majumdar, a Bengali journalist, poet, writer, and Baul singer.
* Rasik Krishna Mallick, an Indian journalist, editor, reformer, educationist and a leading member of Young Bengal group.
* Bipradas Pal Chowdhury, a Bengali industrialist and landlord.
# Blockade of San Marcos

The blockade of San Marcos is an operation by the Salvadoran government to arrest members of the criminal gangs of the Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Mara Barrio 18 in the district of San Marcos. The operation began on October 28, 2024, when the Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele announced that 2,500 members of the country's security forces surrounded the 10 de Octubre community.

## Background history

On March 27, 2022, the government of El Salvador, chaired by Nayib Bukele since June 1, 2019, declared a state of national emergency after recording a significant increase in homicides. Between March 25 and 27, 87 murders were reported, which represented the highest number of violent deaths in a weekend since the Salvadoran civil war ended in 1992.
The increase of violence was attributed to the actions of the two main gangs that operate in El Salvador: the Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Barrio 18 gang. Both criminal groups emerged in the 1980s in Salvadoran immigrant communities in the United States and expanded throughout the national territory after the signing of the Peace Accords in 1992.
By 2022, it is estimated that the two gangs would have a total of 70,000 members. Since the beginning of the regime of exception in March, until July 25, 2023, the authorities arrested more than 71,776 people linked to the MS-13 and Barrio 18 gangs.

## Operation

The Intelligence Center of the National Civil Police (PNC) of El Salvador identified, through investigative work, the presence of alleged members of criminal structures in the 10 de Octubre neighborhood, located in the district of San Marcos, department of San Salvador. In response to this intelligence information, the authorities deployed a large-scale operation that involved 2,000 members of the Armed Forces of El Salvador Fuerza armada de El Salvador (FAES) and 500 PNC agents.
This operation, which is part of the Territorial Control Plan, had as its main objective the identification, location and capture of members of criminal organizations that, according to intelligence reports, maintained a presence in said residential area.
# Sarsawa Airport

Sarsawa Airport, also known as Saharanpur Airport, is an upcoming domestic airport (civil enclave at the Indian Air Force's Sarsawa Air Force Station) in Saharanpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The civil terminal of airport will be built at 20 km away from Saharanpur and 2.5 km away from Sarsawa .

## Proposed destinations

Under Regional Connectivity Scheme UDAN, it is proposed to have direct flights to Lucknow, Prayagaraj, Gorakhpur, Varanasi, Kanpur, Kushinagar and Ayodhya.
# Shah Alam Gorakhpuri

Shah Alam Gorakhpuri (born 21 March 1969) is an Indian Islamic scholar and Deputy Secretary of the All India Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatm-e-Nubuwwat, dedicated to safeguarding the doctrine of Khatm-e-Nubuwwat (Finality of Prophethood).

## Early life and education

Shah Alam Gorakhpuri, born on March 21, 1969, in Baldiha village, Gorakhpur district (now Maharajganj), began his education under his uncle at Madrasa Noor-ul-Islam. He later attended Anglo-English School, Ghughali, and pursued Islamic studies at institutions like Jamia Arabia Masoodia Noorul Uloom, Bahraich.
In 1986, he joined Darul Uloom Deoband and completed Dars-e-Nizami in 1989 under the guidance of renowned scholars such as Naseer Ahmad Khan, Mahmood Hasan Gangohi, Abdul Haq Azmi, Qamruddin Ahmad Gorakhpuri, Nematullah Azami, Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri, Usman Mansoorpuri, and Abdul Khaliq Madrasi. He specialized in Khatm-e-Nubuwwat in 1989–1990, benefiting from prominent mentors, including Muhammad Ismail Katki and Manzoor Ahmad Chinioti.

## Career

In 1991, Gorakhpuri began as a preacher at Darul Uloom Deoband and later rejoined as a teacher in 1996, serving in the Department of Khatm-e-Nubuwwat. He also serves as Deputy Secretary of the All India Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatm-e-Nubuwwat, playing a vital role in teaching, writing, and promoting this doctrine globally.
Gorakhpuri earned an M.A. from Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, and a Ph.D. from Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, in 2010. Under Aslam Jamshedpuri's supervision, he wrote a thesis on the role of lesser-known scholars in promoting Urdu literature (1850–1900), later published by Educational Publishing House, Delhi. This work earned him a commendation from the Uttar Pradesh Urdu Academy in 2014.

## Literary works

Gorakhpuri researched, annotated, edited, and published over two hundred books on the topic of the Protection of Finality of Prophethood. His notable books include:
* Tafaseer Quran aur Mirzai Shubhat (transl. Exegesis of the Quran and Mirzai Objections)
* Mirzaiyat aur Adalati Faislay (transl. Mirzaiyat and Judicial Decisions)
* Fitna Qadianiyat aur Islami Istilahaat (transl. The Fitna of Qadianism and Islamic Terminology)
* Shakeel bin Hanif: Ek Taaruf wa Tajziyah (transl. Shakeel bin Hanif: An Introduction and Analysis)
* Urdu Zaban o Adab ki Tareeje o Isha'at mein Chand Gumnaam Ulama ka Mukhlisana Kirdar - 1850 se 1900 (transl. The Sincere Role of Some Unknown Scholars in the Promotion and Dissemination of Urdu Language and Literature - 1850 to 1900)
In 2006, he established Markaz al-Turath al-Islami al-Ilmi in Deoband, a center dedicated to research, editing, and publishing classical Islamic texts. His book, Islami Aqaa'id o Maloomat (transl. Islamic Beliefs and Information), has been translated into eight languages, including Urdu, Hindi, English, Arabic, Malayalam, Gujarati, and Telugu. It is included in the curriculum of various schools and madrassas.
# ROKS Daegu (FFG-818)

ROKS Daegu (FFG-818) is the lead ship of the Daegu-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the city, Daegu.

## Development

Daegu-class is an improved variant of the Incheon-class frigate. Modifications to the Incheon-class include a TB-250K towed array sonar system and a 16-cell Korean Vertical Launching System (K-VLS) that is able to deploy the K-SAAM, Hong Sang Eo anti-submarine missile, and Haeryong tactical land attack cruise missiles.
The hull design is generally based on the one of the Incheon-class. However, as a part of weapon system modifications, the superstructure has been significantly changed. The hangar and the helicopter deck have been enlarged to support the operation of a 10-ton helicopter.

## Construction and career

ROKS Daegu was launched on 2 June 2016 by Daewoo Shipbuilding and commissioned on 6 March 2018.
# Carncot Independent School for Girls and Boys

Carncot Independent School is a coeducational independent day school serving Years 1 to 8. It is located close to the centre of the city of Palmerston North, in the Manawatū District, New Zealand. Europeans make up 70% of the roll, with Māori, Pacific Island, European, South African, Middle, and Far Eastern families also represented. The school accepts international students.

## History

About 1903, Constance Stanford began taking students for her school, which was located in rooms above William Park's stationery shop on Broadway. The school moved to several different locations until taking up residence in the Fitzherbert homestead on its present site at 263 Broadway Avenue in 1955. In 1998, the house was moved forward and a new school was built at the back to accommodate an increasing role. In 2003, a new gymnasium was added. The old school hall was converted into a music suite and the art gallery was opened in 2009.
Both boys and girls have attended junior school since the early days, but no boys were enrolled in the last quarter of a century. Until 2013, Carncot was one of a handful of schools offering primary education in a girls-only context.
In late 2012, it was announced that for the first time in 30 years, boys between years 1 and 6 would be able to enrol at the school from 2013. The school is now fully co-educational from Years 1 to 8.
The school is governed by the Carncot Trust Board.
The staff is composed of a principal, an associate principal, nine classroom teachers, and an administration team of seven staff.
# The Viking of Van Diemen's Land

The Viking of Van Diemen's Land: the stormy life of Jorgen Jorgensen is a 1954 Australian book by Frank Clune and P. R. Stephensen about Jørgen Jørgensen.

## History

The book was originally written by P.R. Stephensen after extensive research; he was paid £1,000 for the job by Frank Clune. The original manuscript ran to 400,000 words. Angus and Robertson refused to publish it until it was cut down and Frank Clune did the work. Stephensen was unhappy with the result.
According to Clune's entry in the Australian Dictionary of Biography the book "was thought to have more in common with historical novels than history; Clune and... Stephensen were taken to task for passing off conjecture as fact in the life of Jorgen Jorgenson. The book had come from notes which Clune had made over eighteen years and from the work of researchers employed on contract, and was written up in a dramatic manner. With its impressive bibliography, it illustrates Clune's strengths and weaknesses: an ability to ferret out information, but a desire to embroider it."

## Reception

The Newcastle Herald said "Clune and Stephensen seem too ready to excuse Jorgensen many of his faults, but altogether they have written a fascinating book about a fascinating person."
The Herald said "The book is written In a much more lucid and graceful style than one usually associates with Mr Clune."
The Daily Mirror said the authors "seem to have a gift for history rather than literature and have managed to write an uninteresting book about a most interesting personality."
Stephenson defended the book against critics.
# Tova Reich

Tova Rachel Reich (née Weiss; born December 24, 1942, in Liberty, New York) is an American writer whose works in Master of the Return (1988), My Holocaust (2007), Mother India (2018), and The House of Love and Prayer (2023). Her sophomore novel won the 1988 Edward Lewis Wallant Award. Her work has also appeared in Tablet.
Reich taught English at Southern Connecticut State College (1972–73) and American University (1974-1977). She also taught at University of Maryland.
Tova Weiss was born to Moshe and Miriam Weiss, and is the sister of Rabbi Avi Weiss. She received Bachelor of Arts from Brooklyn College (1964) and a Master of Arts from New York University (1965). On June 10, 1965, she married American magazine editor, psychiatrist, and writer Walter Reich, with whom she eventually had three children: Daniel Salo, David Emile, and Rebecca Zohar.

## Works

* Reich, Tova (1978). Mara. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-20286-6.
* Reich, Tova (1988). Master of the Return. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt P. ISBN 978-0-15-157880-1.
* Reich, Tova (1995). The Jewish War. New York: Pantheon Books. ISBN 978-0-679-43987-5.
* Reich, Tova (April 3, 2007). My Holocaust. New York, NY: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-117345-5.
* Reich, Tova (March 5, 2013). One Hundred Philistine Foreskins. Counterpoint. ISBN 978-1619021075.
* Reich, Tova (November 13, 2018). Mother India. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-1106-6.
* Reich, Tova (April 25, 2023). The House of Love and Prayer. Seven Stories Press. ISBN 978-1-64421-274-5.
* Reich, Tova (October 29, 2024). Camp Jeff. Seven Stories Press. ISBN 978-1-64421-421-3.
# GNET

GNET or GNet, may refer to:
* Global Network on Extremism and Technology, institute for academic terrorism research
* GNet, a network library
* Gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor
# Running with Beto

Running with Beto is a 2019 documentary film following Beto O'Rourke's campaign in the 2018 United States Senate election in Texas. The film debuted at the 2019 South by Southwest (SXSW) Film Festival where it won the Audience Award, and premiered on HBO on May 28, 2019.
# Clube Esportivo Paysandu

Clube Esportivo Paysandu, commonly known as Paysandu, is a Brazilian social club and a former football club based in Brusque, Santa Catarina state.

## History

The club was founded on December 30, 1918 as Sport Club Paysandú. The club was eventually renamed to Clube Esportivo Paysandu They won the Campeonato Catarinense Second Level in 1986. Paysandu and Carlos Renaux fused on October 12, 1987 to form Brusque Futebol Clube.

## Stadium

Clube Esportivo Paysandu played their home games at Estádio Carlos Renaux.

## Honours
### Official tournaments

State :
| Competitions | Titles | Seasons |
| Campeonato Catarinense Série B | 1 | 1986 |

### Others tournaments
#### City

* Campeonato de Brusque (1): 1959

### Runners-up

* Campeonato Catarinense (1): 1956
# Civilized core

Civilized Core refers to the four advanced civilizations that emerged during the 1st millennium BC, during the earlier Iron Age after the collapse of the Bronze Age civilizations that preceded them.
A primary characteristic of these civilizations is monocentrism, and together with historical developments such as hereditary rule, it led to a new era of statehood for several civilizations. Accounts also hold that there is evidence that show "uncivilized" periphery has provided technologically superior tools and technologies to the civilized core as demonstrated in the case of the spread of European and North Caucasian shaft-hole axes in advanced civilizations of the Asia Minor. Chinese written sources dating from the latter time frame of the 1st millennium BC also spoke of being "compelled to borrow technology and weapon forms from the "wild peoples" of the steppes and foothills of Central Asia."
These were, in order of emergence, the civilizations of
* The Mediterranean, developing from scattered Phoenician settlements to the emergence of Ancient Greece in the 7th century BCE and culminating in the Hellenistic civilization in the 4th century BCE, by the 3rd century BCE stretching its influence throughout the Mesopotamian and into the Indian sphere.
* Mesopotamia (Babylonia and Assyria), culminating in the unified Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BCE
* Zhou China, culminating in the Han Empire in the 3rd century BCE
* Iron Age India, the Mahajanapadas culminating in the Maurya Empire in the 4th century BCE
# Laurien Vermulst

Laurien Vermulst (born 14 June 1960 in 's-Hertogenbosch) is a Dutch rower. She finished 4th in the women's quadruple sculls at the 1992 Summer Olympics.