# Presque Isle County, Michigan

Presque Isle County (/ˈprɛskiːl/ PRESK-eel) is a county in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,982. The county seat is Rogers City. The county was authorized by state legislative action on April 1, 1840, but the county government was not established until 1871. The government was reorganized in 1875. The name is an anglicisation of the French word presqu'île or presque-isle, which means a peninsula, or literally, "almost an island". A large part of Presque Isle Township consists of that peninsula, with Lake Huron on the east, Grand Lake on the west, and narrow strips of land connecting it to the mainland at the north and south ends. The community of Presque Isle is near the center of this peninsula.

## History

Early Native Americans living in the area were nomadic, using the land as hunting grounds. To them the land between the Ocqueoc and Swan Rivers was sacred ground. The name "Presque Isle" was given to the area by French fur traders who portaged over the strip of land that attaches Presque Isle to the mainland.
Early development of the area was delayed because it had no navigable river. The Ocqueoc River was Presque Isle's largest river but it was shallow and crooked, with many rapids. In the spring of 1839 a surveying party, contracted by the state of Michigan, reported that the land of this area was worthless. This further discouraged development until the 1860s when the Crawford family settled into a quiet cove of Lake Huron, south of present-day Rogers City. They intended to develop a stone quarry, but found the stone too flaky to be used as building material. Turning to lumbering, they sold the wood to steamers traveling the Great Lakes.
In 1868 W.E. Rogers, an Army officer, organized a surveying party to Presque Isle, with Albert Molitor as supervisor. Seeing the huge forests, they attempted to purchase Crawford's Quarry but were refused. They formed the Molitor-Rogers Company purchasing the land at the site of Rogers City. The following year a large party of German and Polish immigrants arrived and settled in the area. The Molitor-Rogers Company built a sawmill, store, boarding house, and blacksmith shop. The small city was solely supplied by the company. After a difficult winter in 1870–71, the community began to thrive.
The county's original settlers were lumbermen, fishermen and farmers. In 1907 a mining engineer/geologist from New York, H.H. Hindshaw, visited Crawford's Quarry and found it to be rich in limestone. Following this discovery, the Michigan Limestone and Chemical Company of Calcite, Michigan, was founded. The company purchased 8,000 acres (32 km$^2$) at Calcite, the new name for Crawford's Quarry. Needing a means of shipping their product, the Bradley Transportation Company was formed. The company is known in the area for being the chief business, employing a significant portion of the area's residents. One of the darker aspects of the county's history involved the Bradley Transportation Company when one of their cargo ships, the Carl D. Bradley sank on Lake Michigan during a windstorm in November 1958 with the loss of 33 lives, 28 of whom resided in Presque Isle County (23 were from Rogers City, three were from Onaway and two were from Posen or Metz Township).
Today the world's largest limestone processing plant is in Rogers City, which is also a major Great Lakes Port. This is the best natural harbor on Lake Huron between Port Huron and Mackinaw City.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,573 square miles (6,660 km$^2$), of which 659 square miles (1,710 km$^2$) is land and 1,914 square miles (4,960 km$^2$) (74%) is water. Although Presque Isle County is on Michigan's Lower Peninsula, it is considered to be part of Northern Michigan.

### Geographic features

* Ocqueoc Falls
* Sacred Rock

### Lakes

* Grand Lake (Presque Isle, Michigan)
* Long Lake (Preque Isle, Michigan)
* Black Lake
* Sunken Lake
* Tomahawk Creek Flood
* Rainy Lake
* Ocqueoc Lake

### Adjacent counties

By land
* Alpena County (southeast)
* Montmorency County (southwest)
* Cheboygan County (west)
By water
* Mackinac County (northwest)
* Chippewa County (north)
* Manitoulin District, Ontario, Canada (east)

## Communities
### Cities

* Onaway
* Rogers City (county seat)

### Villages

* Millersburg
* Posen

### Civil townships

* Allis Township
* Bearinger Township
* Belknap Township
* Bismarck Township
* Case Township
* Krakow Township
* Metz Township
* Moltke Township
* North Allis Township
* Ocqueoc Township
* Posen Township
* Presque Isle Township
* Pulawski Township
* Rogers Township

### Census-designated place

* Presque Isle Harbor

### Other unincorporated communities

* Hawks
* Leroy
* Liske
* Manitou Beach
* Metz

## Demographics

At the 2000 United States census, of 2000, there were 14,411 people, 6,155 households, and 4,203 families residing in the county. In 2020, there were 12,982 people in the county.
As of 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $31,656, and the median income for a family was $37,426. Males had a median income of $31,275 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,363. About 6.80% of families and 10.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.10% of those under age 18 and 9.20% of those over age 64.

## Government

Voters in Presque Isle County have generally favored Republican Party nominees. Since 1884, the Republican nominee has garnered the county's vote 72% of the time (26 of 36 elections).
United States presidential election results for Presque Isle County, Michigan :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 5,568 | 63.55% | 3,036 | 34.65% | 158 | 1.80% |
| 2020 | 5,342 | 63.94% | 2,911 | 34.84% | 102 | 1.22% |
| 2016 | 4,488 | 61.84% | 2,400 | 33.07% | 369 | 5.08% |
| 2012 | 3,794 | 53.45% | 3,192 | 44.97% | 112 | 1.58% |
| 2008 | 3,606 | 48.01% | 3,722 | 49.55% | 183 | 2.44% |
| 2004 | 3,982 | 52.98% | 3,432 | 45.66% | 102 | 1.36% |
| 2000 | 3,660 | 51.69% | 3,242 | 45.79% | 178 | 2.51% |
| 1996 | 2,463 | 35.74% | 3,449 | 50.04% | 980 | 14.22% |
| 1992 | 2,398 | 32.65% | 3,308 | 45.04% | 1,639 | 22.31% |
| 1988 | 3,614 | 54.11% | 3,025 | 45.29% | 40 | 0.60% |
| 1984 | 4,207 | 62.57% | 2,481 | 36.90% | 36 | 0.54% |
| 1980 | 3,486 | 50.43% | 2,952 | 42.71% | 474 | 6.86% |
| 1976 | 3,545 | 51.02% | 3,334 | 47.99% | 69 | 0.99% |
| 1972 | 3,372 | 56.23% | 2,440 | 40.69% | 185 | 3.08% |
| 1968 | 2,565 | 48.85% | 2,300 | 43.80% | 386 | 7.35% |
| 1964 | 1,770 | 33.16% | 3,565 | 66.80% | 2 | 0.04% |
| 1960 | 2,950 | 52.66% | 2,649 | 47.29% | 3 | 0.05% |
| 1956 | 3,058 | 61.43% | 1,917 | 38.51% | 3 | 0.06% |
| 1952 | 2,982 | 61.84% | 1,825 | 37.85% | 15 | 0.31% |
| 1948 | 2,271 | 54.53% | 1,872 | 44.95% | 22 | 0.53% |
| 1944 | 2,209 | 51.21% | 2,092 | 48.49% | 13 | 0.30% |
| 1940 | 2,552 | 49.46% | 2,595 | 50.29% | 13 | 0.25% |
| 1936 | 1,621 | 35.20% | 2,905 | 63.08% | 79 | 1.72% |
| 1932 | 1,560 | 40.36% | 2,217 | 57.36% | 88 | 2.28% |
| 1928 | 1,992 | 65.50% | 1,029 | 33.84% | 20 | 0.66% |
| 1924 | 2,315 | 67.45% | 431 | 12.56% | 686 | 19.99% |
| 1920 | 2,522 | 80.76% | 525 | 16.81% | 76 | 2.43% |
| 1916 | 1,407 | 61.52% | 806 | 35.24% | 74 | 3.24% |
| 1912 | 729 | 37.42% | 259 | 13.30% | 960 | 49.28% |
| 1908 | 1,706 | 81.39% | 301 | 14.36% | 89 | 4.25% |
| 1904 | 1,861 | 82.93% | 363 | 16.18% | 20 | 0.89% |
| 1900 | 1,328 | 71.67% | 496 | 26.77% | 29 | 1.57% |
| 1896 | 763 | 66.06% | 371 | 32.12% | 21 | 1.82% |
| 1892 | 290 | 34.77% | 471 | 56.47% | 73 | 8.75% |
| 1888 | 408 | 45.18% | 484 | 53.60% | 11 | 1.22% |
| 1884 | 394 | 63.65% | 225 | 36.35% | 0 | 0.00% |
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

### Elected officials

* Prosecuting Attorney: Kenneth A. Radzibon
* Sheriff: Joseph Brewbaker
* County Clerk: Ann Marie Main
* County Treasurer: Bridget LaLonde
* Register of Deeds: Vicky Kowalewsky
* Drain Commissioner: Robert G. Macomber
* County Surveyor: Norman J. Quaine Jr.
as of June 2021

## Historical markers

There are ten recognized Michigan historical markers in the county:
* Bearinger Union School
* Burnham's Landing
* Elowsky Mill
* Forty Mile Point Lighthouse / Graveyard of Ships
* Lake Huron
* The Metz Fire
* Old Presque Isle Lighthouse
* Presque Isle Electric Cooperative Monument
* Presque Isle Light Station
* World's Largest Limestone Quarry

## Media
### Newspapers

* The Alpena News is the daily newspaper of record for much of the northeastern Lower Peninsula.
* The Presque Isle County Advance is the weekly newspaper of Presque Isle County.

### Television

The following television stations broadcast in Presque Isle County:
* Channel 4: WTOM-TV "TV 7&4" (NBC) (Cheboygan; satellite of WPBN-TV, Traverse City)
* Channel 6: WCML "CMU Public Television" (PBS) (Alpena; satellite of WCMU-TV, Mount Pleasant)
* Channel 8: WGTQ "ABC 29&8" (ABC) (Sault Ste. Marie; satellite of WGTU, Traverse City)
* Channel 10: WWUP-TV "9&10 News" (CBS) (Sault Ste. Marie; satellite of WWTV, Cadillac)
* Channel 11: WBKB-TV "Channel 11 News" (CBS) (Alpena)
* Channel 45: WFUP "Fox 32" (Fox) (Vanderbilt; satellite of WFQX-TV Cadillac).

### Radio

The following radio stations can be heard in Rogers City

#### FM

| Call Sign | Frequency | City Broadcast From |
| WPHN | 90.5 | Gaylord |
| WCML | 91.7 | Alpena |
| WFDX | 92.5 | Atlanta |
| WKJZ | 94.9 | Hillman |
| WRZG | 96.7 | Rogers City |
| WHAK-FM | 99.9 | Rogers City |
| WWMK | 106.3 | Onaway |
| WHSB | 107.7 | Alpena |

#### AM

| Call Sign | Frequency | City Broadcast From |
| WTCM | 580 | Traverse City |
| WHAK | 960 | Rogers City |

#### NOAA Weather Radio

NOAA Weather Radio can be heard on 162.550 MHz (Call Sign KIG83, Alpena)

## Transportation
### Air

There is one county-owned airport in Presque Isle County, providing access to general aviation:
* Presque Isle County Airport – located SW of Rogers City
The nearest commercial airline airports are Alpena County Regional Airport near Alpena, and Cherry Capital Airport near (Traverse City).

### Major highways

* US 23
* Bus. US 23
* M-33
* M-65
* M-68
* M-211
* F-21