OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ingrid Thyssen

Ingrid Anna Thyssen (born 9 September 1956 in Aachen) is a retired West German javelin thrower.

## Competition Results

She finished seventh at the 1978 European Championships.
She competed at the 1983 World Championships without reaching the final.
She finished sixth at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
She seventh at the 1986 European Championships.
She finished ninth at the 1987 World Championships.
She finished eighth at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
She finished sixth at the 1990 European Championships.

## West German Champion

She became West German champion eight times, in the years 1979–1984, 1987, and 1988.

## Club Teams

She represented the clubs TG Aachen, ASV Köln, and LG Bayer Leverkusen.

## Personal Best Throw

Her personal best throw was 69.68 metres with the old javelin type, achieved in August 1987 in West Berlin.
This ranks her eighth among German old-type-javelin throwers, behind Petra Felke (who held the world record), Antje Kempe, Silke Renk, Beate Koch, Karen Forkel, Tanja Damaske, and Ruth Fuchs.
# 1992 Madrid bombing

A car bombing was carried out by the armed Basque separatist group ETA in Madrid, Spain on 6 February 1992, killing 5 people and injured a further 7. The target was a military vehicle transporting members of the army. The dead included three captains, a soldier driving the vehicle and a civilian working for the armed forces. This was ETA's deadliest attack of 1992.

## Background

ETA had begun intensifying attacks in the early 1990s in the run up to the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona to try to gain wider publicity for their cause. This attack was the first that they had carried out in 1992 in Madrid and came weeks after the civil guard and Basque police had infiltrated an extortion ring set up to fund ETA.

## The attack

The vehicle used in the attack, an Opel Kadett, had been stolen at gunpoint in September 1991 in the Basque town of Zarautz. It was then hidden and had its number plates changed. On the day of the attack, the car was loaded with between 40 and 50 kilos of explosives and a variety of screws, bolts, and nails. It was parked only minutes before the explosion in Plaza de la Cruz Verde, just 200 metres from the General captaincy, the headquarters of the army in Madrid. ETA detonated the bomb remotely when the military vehicle passed. The bomb killed all those in the vehicle, injured seven passersby and caused extensive damage to nearby buildings.

## Reactions

The attack took the number of people killed by ETA in 1992 to ten. Spanish Prime Minister Felipe Gonzalez expressed anger at the attack, reiterating that it would not lead to the government changing its stance. He called for judicial action against those responsible for such attacks, such as Herri Batasuna, the political wing of ETA. The leader of the opposition, José María Aznar, called for a decision to be made on whether Batasuna should remain legal as a political party. The King of Spain, Juan Carlos, sent a telegram of condolence to the families of those killed. In the Basque Country, Basque President José Antonio Ardanza Garro condemned the attack, stating that such attacks were ultimately "suicidal" for ETA.
# 1590 in literature

This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1590.

## Events

* January – The Children of Paul's perform at the English Court twice in the first week; one of the plays act may be John Lyly's Midas. Later this year they are banned from performing over of the involvement of Lily, their chief script-writer, in the Marprelate controversy.
* unknown date – The Teatro all'antica at Sabbioneta (Italy), designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi, is completed.

## New books

* Robert Greene
** Greene's Mourning Garment
** Never Too Late
* Thomas Lodge – Rosalynde
* Thomas Nashe – An Almond for a Parrat

## New drama

* Anonymous (approximate date)
** Fair Em, the Miller's Daughter of Manchester
** King Leir
** Mucedorus
* Robert Greene
** The Comical History of Alphonsus, King of Aragon (approximate date)
** The History of Orlando Furioso
** The Scottish History of James the Fourth (approximate date)
** with Thomas Lodge – A Looking Glass for London (approximate date)
* Christopher Marlowe – Tamburlaine (both parts published)
* George Peele – Famous Chronicle of King Edward the First
* Robert Wilson – The Three Lords and Three Ladies of London (published)

## Poetry

* Sir Philip Sidney – Arcadia
* Edmund Spenser – The Faerie Queene, Books 1–3

## Births

* January 30 – Lady Anne Clifford, English literary patron (died 1676)
* March 18 – Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portuguese historian and poet (died 1649)
* June 24 – Samuel Ampzing, Dutch poet (died 1632)
* July 26 – Johannes Crellius, German-born Polish theologian (died 1633)
* September 12 – María de Zayas, Spanish poet and dramatist (died 1661)
* October 11 (or December) – William Pynchon, English-born New England theologian (died 1662)
* unknown dates
** Alonso Andrada, Spanish biographer (died 1672)
** François Annat, French anti-Jansenist theologian (died 1670)
** Thomas Carve, Irish historian writing in Latin (died c. 1672)
** Faqi Tayran, Kurdish poet (died 1660)
** Grigore Ureche, Moldavian chronicler (died 1647)
** Théophile de Viau, French poet and dramatist (died 1626)

## Deaths

* January 7 – Jakob Andreae, German theologian (born 1528)
* February 1 – Lawrence Humphrey, English theologian (born c. 1527)
* March – Petru Cercel, Wallachian prince and poet
* July – Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas, French poet (born 1544)
* September 20 – Robert Garnier, French poet (born 1544)
* November 23 – André Thévet, French cosmographer (born 1502)
* November 29 – Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin, German poet and dramatist (born 1547)
* December 5 – Johann Habermann, German theologian (born 1516)
* probable
** Lambert Daneau, French theologian (born c. 1535)
** Giuseppe Leggiadri Gallani, Italian poet and dramatist (born 1516)
# HMS Melville (1817)

HMS Melville was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 17 February 1817 at Bombay Dockyard.
From 19 January 1836 until August 1837 she served in North America and the West Indies as the flagship of Vice-Admiral Peter Halkett and was commanded by Captain Peter John Douglas. From 1 September 1837 to 1841 she was the flagship of Rear-Admiral George Elliot and was captained by Richard Saunders Dundas, during this time she served at the Cape of Good Hope and in the East Indies and was present during the First Opium War with China.
During the Opium War 32 officers, 351 sailors and 75 Royal Marines served aboard her of whom 16 sailors and four marines would be killed in action at the capture of Bocca Tigris on 7 January 1841 and the subsequent campaign along the Pearl River to Canton.
She was converted to serve as a hospital ship in 1857, and was sold out of the navy in 1873. Her sale in Hong Kong raised HK$35,000 which was used to purchase the Royal Naval Hospital at Mount Shadwell.
# Paulet (sounding rocket)

The Paulet is a Peruvian-made sounding rocket whose purpose is to study atmospheric phenomena. It is named after Pedro Paulet, a Peruvian pioneer of astronautics.

## History
### Paulet 1

On December 26, 2006, Paulet 1 was launched from Chilca Launch Range. During its flight, it reached the supersonic speed of Mach 5 and an apogee of 45 km (28 mi), before crashing into the ocean.

#### Technical specifications

Paulet 1 has the following specifications:
* Length: 2.73 m (8 ft 11 in)
* Diameter: 0.206 m (8.1 in)
* Fuel weight: 64 kg (141 lb)
* Total weight: 99 kg (218 lb)
* Payload: 5 kg (11 lb)
* Range: 100 km (62 mi)

### Paulet 1-B

Paulet 1 was followed by the launch of the Paulet 1-B sounding rocket on the 39th anniversary of CONIDA's foundation, June 11, 2013. The launcher was developed by scientists from the National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development (CONIDA) and the Peruvian Air Force. The rocket – made entirely of Peru's domestic equipment – entered the stratosphere, travelling just over 15 km (9.3 mi) above Peruvian territory. The successful launch encouraged Institutional Head General Mario Pimentel Higueras to state that By the year 2020 we will have the possibility of reaching 300 kilometers in height, which will put us one step away from placing Peruvian satellites in the space with 100% national technology.

### Paulet 1-C

In December 22, 2021, Paulet 1-C was launched with the purpose of checking the behavior of the fuel produced for the rocket at the CONIDA solid propellant plant; validating the aerodynamic model used to calculate the trajectory based on flight telemetry, and obtaining information on the conditions of acceleration, pressure, temperature, and speed to which the payload is subjected during flight.

#### Technical specifications

Paulet 1-C has the following specifications:
* Length: 2.471 m (8 ft 1.3 in)
* Diameter: 0.206 m (8.1 in)
* Total weight: 82.576 kg (182.05 lb)
* Payload: 8.408 kg (18.54 lb)
* Empennage: 0.680 m (2 ft 2.8 in)
# Kimball Young

Kimball Young (October 26, 1893 – September 1, 1972) was the president of the American Sociological Association in 1945.
Young was the grandson of Brigham Young. He was born in Provo, Utah, and graduated from Brigham Young University (BYU) in 1915. However, Kimball Young himself was not a believer in the Latter-day Saint faith, and spoke condescendingly of those who were. He then taught high school for a year in Arizona before going to study at the University of Chicago for sociology. His decision to study at Chicago was largely due to advice from BYU professor William J. Snow. After studying there, he went to study at Stanford University, where he earned a Ph.D. in psychology in 1921.
In his 1927 Source Book for Social Psychology, Young coined the term 'ambivert' to describe a person exhibiting features of both an extrovert and an introvert. He is credited with the origin of the word.
Young began his teaching career as a professor at the University of Oregon. Later, he was a member of the faculty of Clark University, then went back to Oregon for four years, and then joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1940, he became the chair of sociology at Queens College. In 1947 he took up the same position at Northwestern University.
# Kenny van Weeghel

Kenny van Weeghel (born 16 September 1980 in Zwolle) is a Paralympic athlete from the Netherlands competing in the 100, 200 and 400 m T54 class wheelchair racing. He participated in the Paralympic games six times already and he has won 6 Paralympic medals among which two golden ones.

## Athletics career

Weeghel won the 200m at the European Championships in 2001. This was his first main title and there were many to come. In 2002 he became World Champion by winning the 100m and a year later he won both the 100m and 200m during the World Championships. At the European Championships that same year (2003) he won the 200m and 400m.
At the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, he won his first three Paralympic medals: bronze on the 100m, silver on the 200m and gold on the 400m. He was elected Dutch handicapped sportsman of the year.
In 2005 the World Championships in Athletics were held in Helsinki and T54 wheelchair racing was added to the program as an exhibition event. In both the 100m and 200m he won the silver medal behind British athlete David Weir.
In 2006, in Assen in the Netherlands, he became once more World Champion 200m, while taking second place (by a mere 0.01 s) on the 100 m behind David Weir.
Van Weeghel won a silver medal at the Paralympic Games in 2012 in London (400m) and won two Paralympic medals at the Rio de Janeiro Paralympic games in 2016; gold for the 400m and bronze for the 100m.

## Personal records

| Discipline | Result | Place | Date | Notes |
| 100 m | 13,78 | Arbon | 24 June 2010 | |
| 200 m | 24,22 | Arbon | 27 May 2017 | European Record |
| 400 m | 45,40 | Arbon | 27 May 2017 | |
| 800 m | 1:32,80 | Arbon | 28 May 2017 | |
| 1500 m | 3:01,30 | Nottwil | 27 May 2016 | |

## Awards

* Order of the Lion of the Netherlands – 2004
* National disabled sportsman of the year – 2004
* Atletiekunie Paralympic athlete of the year – 2014
* Honorary citizenship of the province of Brabant – 2017
# Solae (tower)

The Solae is an elevator test tower located in the city of Inazawa, Japan. It is owned by Mitsubishi Electric. The tower is 173 metres (568 ft). When completed in 2007, it was the world's tallest elevator test tower. Since that time, the record has been broken by the Hyundai Eizan Tower (205 meters) in 2009, the Hitachi G1 Tower (213 meters) in 2010 and the Kunshan Test Tower in China (235 meters).
# 1942 Chilean presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Chile on February 1, 1942. The result was a victory for Juan Antonio Ríos of the Radical Party, who received 56% of the vote.

## Electoral system

The election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a candidate had to receive over 50% of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate received over 50% of the vote, both houses of the National Congress would come together to vote on the two candidates who received the most votes.

## Background

In 1941, due to his rapidly escalating illness, President Pedro Aguirre Cerda appointed his Minister of the Interior, Jerónimo Méndez as vice-president and died soon after, on November 25, 1941. Aguirre Cerda's two natural successors were Juan Antonio Ríos and Gabriel González Videla, both members of his Radical Party, while the right-wing coalition was united by a common candidate, former President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, who had the support of the Conservative party, Liberal Party, National Socialist Party, Popular Socialist Vanguard and the majority of the independents.
Ríos started to campaign early but two days before the internal primaries of his party, Gabriel González Videla (the ambassador to Brazil) returned to Chile to dispute him the nomination. The results were too close to call, so a tribunal of honor (electoral commission) was constituted, and Juan Antonio Ríos was finally proclaimed the candidate of a left-wing coalition of parties, the Democratic Alliance, which was formed by the Radical Party, the Socialist Party, the Communist Party, the Democratic Party and the Workers' Socialist Party.
One of the candidates in the election was identified by American and British intelligence as an ally of the Axis countries, which led to debates in the US government about intervening in the election and abandoning Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Juan Antonio Ríos | Radical Party | 260,034 | 55.95 |
| | Carlos Ibáñez del Campo | Independent | 204,635 | 44.03 |
| Other candidates | Other candidates | Other candidates | 124 | 0.03 |
| Total | Total | Total | 464,793 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 464,793 | 99.63 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 1,714 | 0.37 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 466,507 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 581,486 | 80.23 |
| Source: Nohlen |||||
# Iran at the 1999 Asian Winter Games

Iran participated in the 1999 Asian Winter Games held in Kangwon, South Korea from January 30, 1999 to February 6, 1999.

## Competitors

| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Alpine skiing | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| Cross-country skiing | 4 | | 4 |
| Total | 8 | 3 | 11 |

## Results by event
### Skiing
#### Alpine
##### Men

| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Bagher Kalhor | Slalom | 2:12.00 | 9 |
| Bagher Kalhor | Giant slalom | 2:49.75 | 6 |
| Bagher Kalhor | Super-G | 1:37.37 | 10 |
| Hossein Kalhor | Slalom | 2:16.12 | 12 |
| Hossein Kalhor | Giant slalom | Did not finish | Did not finish |
| Hossein Kalhor | Super-G | 1:40.94 | 14 |
| Rostam Kalhor | Slalom | 2:19.35 | 13 |
| Rostam Kalhor | Giant slalom | 2:55.61 | 8 |
| Rostam Kalhor | Super-G | 1:35.96 | 9 |
| Alidad Saveh-Shemshaki | Slalom | 2:15.05 | 10 |
| Alidad Saveh-Shemshaki | Giant slalom | 2:58.22 | 10 |
| Alidad Saveh-Shemshaki | Super-G | 1:39.38 | 12 |

##### Women

| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Zahra Kalhor | Slalom | 2:24.89 | 7 |
| Zahra Kalhor | Giant slalom | Did not finish | Did not finish |
| Zahra Kalhor | Super-G | 1:30.14 | 13 |
| Fatemeh Saveh-Shemshaki | Slalom | 2:35.25 | 8 |
| Fatemeh Saveh-Shemshaki | Giant slalom | 2:53.67 | 10 |
| Asieh Tir | Slalom | Did not finish | Did not finish |
| Asieh Tir | Giant slalom | 2:42.24 | 9 |
| Asieh Tir | Super-G | 1:25.93 | 11 |

#### Cross-country
##### Men

| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Mojtaba Mirhashemi | 15 km classical | 53:45.0 | 18 |
| Mojtaba Mirhashemi | 30 km freestyle | Did not finish | Did not finish |
| Mostafa Mirhashemi | 15 km classical | 54:08.4 | 19 |
| Mostafa Mirhashemi | 30 km freestyle | 1:37:17.1 | 18 |
| Bahaeddin Seid | 15 km classical | 57:07.2 | 20 |
| Mohammad Taghi Shemshaki | 15 km classical | 52:21.3 | 17 |
| Mohammad Taghi Shemshaki | 30 km freestyle | 1:34:21.8 | 15 |
| Bahaeddin Seid Mostafa Mirhashemi Mojtaba Mirhashemi Mohammad Taghi Shemshaki | 4 × 10 km relay | | 6 |
# 1992 London Bridge bombing

On Friday 28 February 1992, the Provisional IRA (IRA) exploded a bomb inside London Bridge station during the morning rush hour, causing extensive damage and wounding 29 people. It was one of many bombings carried out by one of the IRA's London active service units. It occurred just over a year after a bomb at Victoria station.

## Bombing

Around 8:20 am, someone rang Ulster Television's London office warning that a bomb was going to explode in a London station, without saying which one. About ten minutes later, the bomb detonated, which made debris fly almost 50 feet (15 m) away from the blast area. Twenty nine people were hurt in the explosion, most of them from flying glass and other bits of debris; four were seriously hurt but nobody was killed. The victims were treated at Guy's Hospital.

## Aftermath

The head of Scotland Yard's anti terrorist squad, George Churchill-Coleman, said the 2 lb (910 g) bomb of high explosives was "clearly designed to kill." Investigations suggested that the bomb was placed in the men's restrooms. Churchill-Coleman added that the IRA's warning was "deliberately vague" and was given too late to act upon.
Prime Minister John Major said the bombing would not change British policy in Northern Ireland. "It was pointless. It was cowardly. It was directed against innocent people and it will make absolutely no difference to our policy -- no difference at all."
The next day, another bomb went off in London, by the Crown Prosecution Service office, injuring two more people and bringing the total injured to 31 in the space of just over 24 hours.
This was one of dozens of bombs that detonated in London that year, the biggest of which was the Baltic Exchange bombing, killing three people and causing almost £1 billion worth of damage. The IRA maintained this pressure, bombing mainland Britain and especially the city of London as much as possible until the ceasefire of 1994.
# Adolf Smekal

Adolf Gustav Stephan Smekal (12 September 1895 – 7 March 1959) was an Austrian theoretical physicist, with interests in solid state physics, known for the prediction of the inelastic scattering of photons (the Raman effect).
Adolf Smekal studied at the Vienna College of Technology (1912–1913), received his doctorate from the University of Graz (1913–1917), and then studied at the University of Berlin (1917–1919).
# English ship Lion (1557)

Golden Lion (also sometimes Red Lion) was a ship of the English Tudor navy, launched in 1557. She was rebuilt for the first time in 1582.
By the time of her second rebuild, in 1609, she was known as Lion. She was rebuilt at Deptford as a Great ship of 38 guns.
In 1613 The Lion was appointed to escort Princess Elizabeth, daughter of James VI and I, and Frederick V of the Palatinate sailing in The Prince Royal from Margate to Ostend.
In 1640 she was rebuilt again, this time at Woolwich. She was rebuilt for a final time at Chatham in 1658, as a 48-gun third rate ship of the line. By 1677 Lion was mounting 60 guns.
She was sold out of the navy in 1698.
# 1943 Colombian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia in February 1943 to elect the Chamber of Representatives. The Liberal Party received the most votes.

## Results
### Chamber of Representatives

Seats :
| | Colombian Liberal Party | 568,317 | 64.39 | 84 |
| | Colombian Conservative Party | 298,644 | 33.84 | 44 |
| | Colombian Communist Party | 15,686 | 1.78 | 3 |
| | Other parties | 15,686 | 1.78 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 882,647 | 100.00 | 131 |
| Source: Nohlen, Abente et al. |||||

### Senate

| Party | Party | Seats |
| | Colombian Liberal Party | 41 |
| | Colombian Conservative Party | 22 |
| Total | Total | 63 |
| Source: Abente et al. |||
# Bell code

Bell codes, buzzer codes or Communication Signal Appliance codes entail a series of bells or buzzers used on passenger trains for communication between the driver and guard.

## Great Britain and India

| Signal | Meaning in Great Britain | Meaning in India |
| 1 | Stop | Stop train |
| 1—1 | | Zone of speed restriction over, resume prescribed speed |
| 1—2 | Close doors | |
| 2 | Ready to start | Start train |
| 2—2 | Do not open doors | Passing automatic signal at 'on' |
| 3 | Set Back | Guard required by driver |
| 3—1 | Lock central door locking | |
| 3—2—1 | Testing doors | |
| 3—3 | Guard required by driver, or guard or driver to speak on the telephone | Guard's warning when the motorman exceeds the speed prescribed |
| 3—3—1 | Release central door locking | |
| 4 | Slow down | Protect train in rear |
| 5 | Driver/Guard leaving the train | |
| 6 | Draw forward | |
| 9 | Police assistance required | |
All codes, except 3—2—1, must be acknowledged by repeating the code received.

## Japan

In Japan, these are known as In-Car Communication Signals (Japanese: 車内連絡合図, romanized: Shanai renraku aizu). Each code must be acknowledged by the receiver. Examples of common railway bell codes are:
| Signal | Meaning |
| • • — • • | Buzzer Test |
| • | Buzzer is OK |
| — | Am I clear to proceed? |
| • • • | The indicator light does not illuminate |
| • • | Prepare to stop at the next station |
| • | Acknowledgement for • • |
| • • — | Please correct your stopping position |
| • — | There is a problem |
| • — • | Secure the train and track |
| — • • • — | Driver and conductor to confer |
| — • — | Power outage |
| Fast Tapping | Cancel the last message sent |

## United States

In the United States, these are known as Communication Signal Appliance codes.
| Signal | Meaning |
| _ | When running, stop at once. |
| _ | When standing, apply or release brakes. |
| o o | When standing, start. |
| o o o | When standing or running backward, back up two car lengths. |
| o o o | When running forward, stop at next passenger station. |
| o o o o | When standing, brakes have applied and released on rear car. Brake test completed. |
| o | When spotting, switching, or making up trains, prepare to stop. |