OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bryan Clark (American football)

Monte Bryan Clark (born July 27, 1960) is an American former professional football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Michigan State.

## College career

Clark was a member of the Michigan State Spartans for four seasons. He saw significant playing time as a sophomore, sharing starting duties with Bert Vaughn. As a senior he took over starting duties from John Leister and finished the season as the team's MVP after finishing third in the conference with a 128.9 passing efficiency rating, fourth with a 53.4% pass completion percentage and seventh with 1,521 passing yards with 14 touchdown passes and 10 interceptions. Clark finished his collegiate career with 2,725 yards on 204-for-409 passing with 20 touchdowns and 20 interceptions.

## Professional career

Clark was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the ninth round of the 1982 NFL draft. He broke his ankle in the 1982 preseason in a game against the St. Louis Cardinals and was placed on injured reserve for his rookie season. He suffered a separated shoulder in the 1983 preseason and was cut and re-signed by the 49ers several times during the 1983 season and was cut again at the end of training camp before the 1984 season. He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals in December 1984 and he appeared in one game. He spent the 1985 preseason with the Miami Dolphins but was cut during training camp.

## Personal

Clark's father, Monte Clark, played and coached in the NFL and was the head coach of the 49ers and the Detroit Lions.
# El Khroub

El Khroub (Amazigh: ⵍⵅⵔⵓⴱ, Arabic: الخروب) is a town and commune in Constantine Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 179,033. it is a city in eastern Algeria, located a few kilometers from the city of Constantine. El Khroub is known for its archaeological site housing the tomb of Massinissa, around which a new city of the same name (Massinissa) was built.

## Demographics

El Khroub is the second most populous commune in the wilaya of Constantine after Constantine, according to the 2008 general population and housing census, the population of the commune is estimated at 179,033 inhabitants compared to 14,962 in 1977, it is the commune of the wilaya of Constantine that recorded the highest annual growth rate (7.3% compared to 1.5% for the wilaya as a whole), over the period 2008-1998.

## History

10 km east of the city, on the National Road 20, there is the site of Bou Nouara known for its dolmens.

## Localities

In addition to its capital El Khroub-ville, the commune of El Khroub was composed at its creation in 1984 of the following localities: Lambièche, Dahbia, Kassandji, Salah Derradji, Baaraouia, Aïn Nahas, Aïn Leghda, Sidi Amor, Oullaza, Oued Hamim, Massine, Sidi Lakhdar, El Meridj, Draa Naga, Aïn Guerfa, Bouragba, Atfa, Sedjar, Legiuari, Zbir, Soumaâ, Guechguèche Ouest, Ferme Chibani, Chaabet El Khourchef, Tikbab, Bir Dekkiche, Kadri Farm, Aïn Berda, Medalssou, Aïn Nachfa, Boulechfar Farm, Aïn Kahla.
Currently, the commune is composed of the capital agglomeration, El Khroub-ville, the secondary agglomerations of Salah Derradji, Brahmia Brothers, Ali Mendjeli, Oued Hamimine, Chelia, Allouk Abdellah, Aïn N'Hasse, Maoualkia and Darih.

## Economy

The city is known for its weekly market, considered the second largest in eastern Algeria after Tadjenanet (wilaya of Mila).
It is also known by the presence of the headquarters of the Imam Zuuhri Library.

## Twin Towns/Cities

The city of El Khroub maintains decentralized cooperation relations with:
* France, Mulhouse since 31 May 2000.
# El Patrón

El Patrón is the third studio album by Puerto Rican singer and songwriter Tito El Bambino, released on March 24, 2009, by Universal Music Latino. It was produced primarily by Monserrate with other contributions by Nérol, Marioso, Mambo Kingz, among others. El Patron was nominated for a Lo Nuestro Award for Urban Album of the Year. It also received a nomination for the Billboard Latin Music Award for Latin Rhythm Album of the Year in 2010. It sold 300,000 copies worldwide.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
In a mostly positive review, AllMusic writer, Jason Birchmeier says the album "finds him developing as an artist and experimenting with different styles without abandoning his reggaeton roots". He also went on to say that the album is a "solid effort filled with lots of good songs and a few excellent ones". He called "El Amor" the "most obvious stylistic experiment" and the "primary highlight", and said that it "showcases Tito's singing ability".

## Special edition and re-edition
### El Patrón: La Victoria

On January 26, 2010, through Siente Music, Tito "El Bambino" released a special re-edition of the album, called El Patron: La Victoria. It included a few new tracks, and new guest appearances by Jenni Rivera and La India.
* The digital version doesn't include the songs "Feliz Navidad" and the banda version of "Te Pido Perdón". The songs "Under" and "Se Me Daña La Mente" were added even though the physical CD version of La Victoria edition didn't have them.

### El Patrón: Invencible

In mid-2010, it had been confirmed that Tito "El Bambino" would release a new album, and that it will be a part two or three of his album, El Patrón. It was later released on February 8, 2010, through Siente Music, although instead of being a re-edition like La Victoria, it was more of different album with new songs and new guests appearances with new producers.

## Charts

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| Mexican Albums Chart | 1 |
| US Billboard 200 | 10 |
| US Billboard Top Rap Albums | 2 |
| US Billboard Top Latin Albums | 1 |
| Venezuelan Albums (Recordland) | 1 |

## Sales and certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | 2× Platinum (Latin) | 200,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# E. M. Wright

Sir Edward Maitland Wright FRSE (13 February 1906 – 2 February 2005) was an English mathematician, best known for co-authoring An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers Hardy & Wright (1938) with G. H. Hardy. He served as the Principal of the University of Aberdeen from 1962 to 1976.

## Career

He was born in Farnley, near Leeds, Yorkshire, where his father was a soap manufacturer. He moved to the south of England with his mother when his parents separated.
After obtaining a first-class mathematics degree as a self-taught external student at the University of London, Wright studied at Jesus College, Oxford and Christ Church, Oxford. His research career lasted from 1931 until the early 1980s, firstly on a Research Fellowship at Christ Church, which included a year in Göttingen, Germany. He was then appointed a lecturer at Christ Church, teaching there until 1935 followed by his appointment as Professor of Mathematics at the University of Aberdeen. He held that chair from 1936 to 1962, except for a break during the war (from 1943 to 1945) when he was seconded to the Air Ministry Intelligence at MI6 headquarters. He became Vice-Principal of the University in 1961 and Principal and Vice-Chancellor from 1962 until he stood down in 1976. He nevertheless continued to work as a Research Fellow at the University until 1983. A building there is named after him in recognition of his service to the university.
Wright worked in many different subspecialties, including number theory and graph theory, and published over a hundred papers. Most of his work focused on analytic number theory.

## Honours and awards

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1937 and awarded their Makdougall Brisbane Prize in 1952.
He was elected to the London Mathematical Society in 1929 and awarded their Senior Berwick Prize in 1978.
He was knighted in 1977 and awarded the Gold Medal of the Order of Polonia Restituta of Poland in 1978.

## Private life

He died in Reading shortly before his 99th birthday. He had married Phyllis Harris of North Wales, with whom he had a son, the mathematician John D. M. Wright.
# Environment Bureau

The Environment Bureau (ENB; Chinese: 環境局) is a defunct policy bureau of the Government of Hong Kong in operation from 2007 to 2022. It was responsible for developing policies in environmental protection, energy, climate change, sustainable development, nature conservation; enforcing environmental legislation. This also includes monitoring environmental quality, energy efficiency, waste management, renewable energy development, regulatory oversight of the electricity sector in Hong Kong The bureau was managed by the Secretary for the Environment.
As part of the government bureaux restructuring on 1 July 2022, the bureau was replaced by the enlarged Environment and Ecology Bureau, which took over all policy portfolios under the former Environment Bureau.

## Subordinate departments

The following public entities are managed by the bureau:
* Environmental Protection Department
* Energy and Sustainable Development Branch
# Heteropoma fulvum

Heteropoma fulvum is a species of minute, salt marsh snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks, or micromollusks, in the family Assimineidae.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Guam.
# Erihara Dam

Erihara Dam (恵利原ダム) is a dam in Shima, Mie Prefecture, Japan.
# Kiss You Back

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
"Kiss You Back" is a song written by Shock G, Money-B, George Clinton Jr. and Philippé Wynne, and performed by American hip hop group Digital Underground. It was released on October 15, 1991 through Tommy Boy Records as the lead single from the group's second full-length studio album Sons of the P. Produced and mixed by D.U. in-house production team credited as The Underground Production Squad, it contains a sample from Funkadelic's song "(Not Just) Knee Deep".
The song made it to number 40 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 50 on the Radio Songs, number 13 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, number 5 on the Hot Rap Songs and number 7 on the Dance Singles Sales charts in the United States. It also peaked at number 31 in New Zealand. On March 5, 1992, the song was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling 500,000 copies in the US alone.
Released a year after the group's breakthrough single "The Humpty Dance", "Kiss You Back" became Digital Underground's second single to reached the US top-40.

## Personnel

* Gregory "Shock G" Jacobs — vocals, executive producer, illustration
* Ronald "Money-B" Brooks — vocals
* The Underground Production Squad — producers, mixing
* Atron Gregory — executive producer

## Charts

| Chart (1991–1992) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 97 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 31 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 40 |
| US Radio Songs (Billboard) | 50 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 13 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) | 5 |
| US Dance Singles Sales (Billboard) | 7 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Eryngium alpinum

Eryngium alpinum, the alpine sea holly, alpine eryngo or queen of the Alps, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Apiaceae.

## Description

Eryngium alpinum is a hemicryptophyte, its overwintering buds are situated just below the soil surface and the floral axis more or less erect with a few leaves. The roots are deep and robust.
The stems are solitary and erect, usually with three branches on the apex and with longitudinal purple stripes. This plant generally reaches about 30–70 centimetres (12–28 in) in height, with a maximum of 100 centimetres (39 in). The basal leaves are oval or heart-shaped, 10–15 centimetres (3.9–5.9 in) wide and 13–17 centimetres (5.1–6.7 in) long, with toothed hedges and a long petiole. The cauline leaves are sessile and progressively more divided.
The inflorescences are dense umbels at the top of the main branches. They are bright green at the bases and the stiff, bristly bracts are blue. They are about 4 cm long and 2 cm diameter and the bracts are up to 25 centimetres (9.8 in) long. The flowers inside are about 2 mm long. The peripheral flowers are sterile and the internal flowers are hermaphroditic. Both types are actinomorphic and pentamerous, with five petals. Flowering occurs in July through September. The flowers are -insect-pollinated. The fruit is a spiny achene about half a centimeter wide.

## Distribution and habitat

This plant is native to Austria, Liechtenstein, Croatia, France, Switzerland, Italy, and Slovenia. It grows in subalpine scrub, rocky areas and wet pastures, preferably in limestone, at an altitude of 1,500–2,000 metres (4,900–6,600 ft) above sea level.

## Cultivation

Eryngium alpinum is cultivated as an ornamental plant for its blue and purple flowerheads. It requires dry, well-drained soil and full sun.

## Conservation

Wild populations of the species are in decline due to overcollection for ornamental use and habitat degradation from recreational activity and grazing. Numerous local extinctions of subpopulations have occurred.

## Gallery

* Eryngium alpinum from Atlas der Alenflora, 1882
* Form
* Cultivar
* Inflorescences
# 1884 Atkinson Ministry

The Fourth Atkinson Ministry was a responsible government in New Zealand, which lasted less than a week. It formed on 28 August 1884 after the fall of the first attempt at a Stout-Vogel coalition and lasted until Robert Stout and Sir Julius Vogel took back their majority on 3 September.

## Background

After the 1884 general election, in which a number of factions were returned to the House, a brief coalition between Sir Julius Vogel and Robert Stout took office, but was immediately ousted in a confidence motion proposed by James William Thomson. Thomson failed to form an alternative majority and advised the Governor to call Sir George Grey; Grey attempted to form a coalition with ex-Premier Harry Atkinson but was unsuccessful as Atkinson believed their followings would refuse to combine. Atkinson was then appointed Premier and attempted to come to an arrangement with Robert Stout, but failed.
Within a week, the ephemeral Fourth Atkinson Government was unseated in another no-confidence vote, this time with the Greyites voting them down in revenge for the earlier snub.
Atkinson’s Ministry included Edward Wakefield, a nephew of Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who had pledged at the election to oppose Atkinson. After the fall of the Government, Wakefield’s constituents presented him with a large dead rat.

## Ministers

The following members served in the fourth Atkinson Ministry:
| Name | Office | Term |
| Harry Atkinson | Premier | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| Harry Atkinson | Commissioner of Stamps | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| George McLean, MLC | Commissioner of Trade and Customs | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| Edwin Mitchelson | Minister for Public Works | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| Edward Wakefield | Colonial Secretary | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| Richmond Hursthouse | Minister of Lands and Immigration | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
| William Russell | Postmaster-General and Commissioner of Telegraphs | 28 August 1884 - 3 September 1884 |
# 12 Lotus

12 Lotus (Chinese: 十二莲花) is a 2008 Singaporean musical drama film written and directed by Royston Tan, starring Qi Yuwu, Liu Lingling and Mindee Ong. The film was released in theatres on 14 August 2008 and was screened at the 13th Busan International Film Festival in October 2008. The film performed poorly at the local box office, grossing S$983,000 against a budget of S$$1.5 million.

## Plot

Spanning over the 1980s, 1990s till the present day, 12 Lotus tells the story of a singer who is constantly used and abused by the men in her life, against the backdrop of a string of melancholic Hokkien songs.

## Cast
### Main and supporting

* Qi Yuwu as Ah Long / Long 2
* Liu Lingling as Older Liu Lianhua
* Mindee Ong as Liu Lianhua
* Huang Yiliang as Lianhua's father
* Hao Hao as Adult Xiao Feixia
* Li Bao En as Liu Lianhua (kid)
* Damus Lim as Xiao Feixia (kid)
* Aaron Tan as Young gambler / Ah Long's accomplice
* Yeo Yann Yann as Long 2's girlfriend
* Guo Min as Xiao Feixia's mother
* Auntie Fen as Opera actress
* Sam Loo as Getai host
* Amy Yang as Getai host
* Baobei Sisters as themselves
* Samantha Tan as Xiao Feixia's girlfriend
* Wang Yan Bin as Brother Tiger
The film also features the Sin Sai Feng opera troupe and the band Funkie Monkies Amps.

### Special appearances

* Stefanie Sun as Guan Yin Goddess (opera)
* David Gan as himself

## Production

The film was shot in 23 days.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Awards | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| 2008 | 45th Golden Horse Awards | Best Original Film Score | Ricky Ho | Nominated | |
| 2009 | 22nd Singapore International Film Festival Awards | Best Director | Royston Tan | Won | |
# Hans Zingg

Hans H. Zingg is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Wyeth-Ayerst Chair in Women's Health at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

## Biography

He earned his Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) from the University of Basel in Switzerland, followed by a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Experimental Medicine from McGill University. He then completed post-doctoral training at Harvard Medical School.
He joined McGill University in 1984 and eventually rose to the rank of Full Professor in the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, as well as Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Before becoming the chair of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics from 2002 to 2011, he acted as Director of the Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology at the old Royal Victoria Hospital and associate director for Fundamental Research at the MUHC Research Institute.

## Research

His research mostly addressed the molecular mechanisms of oxytocin. Amongst other things, he showed that the oxytocin, a pituitary hormone, was also produced in the uterus and contributed to labor and childbirth.

## Honours

He received the Distinguished Scientist Award from the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigations, as well as Senior Scientist Award from the CIHR.
# Dobra Nadzieja

Dobra Nadzieja (Polish pronunciation:; "Good Hope") is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pleszew, within Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Pleszew and 86 km (53 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Gertrude Bancroft

Gertrude Bancroft McNally (December 23, 1908 – January 28, 1985) was an American economist who was chief of the economic statistics section of the United States Census Bureau until 1951, later associated with the Social Science Research Council, and special assistant to the commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

## Education

Bancroft earned a master's degree in economics in 1934 from the University of Pennsylvania with a thesis on The effect of the War of 1812 on price relations in Philadelphia.
In 1958 she published the book The American Labor Force: Its Growth and Changing Composition (Wiley). This book, part of the Census Monograph Series produced by the Social Science Research Council in cooperation with the Census Bureau, analyzes the results of the 1950 United States census and associated data to measure the growth and makeup of workers and unemployed people within the US, and discover patterns of change in which kinds of people were working and what they did between 1940 and 1950.

## Honors and awards

In 1962, she was honored by the American Statistical Association by election as one of their Fellows for "distinguished service to the field of labor force statistics both in the development of objectively measurable concepts and in the promotion of public understanding of the uses and limitations of labor force data".
# George F. Schlicher Hotel

The George F. Schlicher Hotel is an historic hotel which is located in Alburtis, Pennsylvania in the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area of eastern Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

## History and architectural features

Built in 1877, the George F. Schlicher Hotel is a three-and-one-half-story brick building, which was designed in a Victorian architectural style. It features elaborate porchway arches and gingerbread woodwork.
A frame addition was built during the early 1900s.
The building was converted to apartments in 1944.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Car free walking

Car-free walking is a movement in the United Kingdom that aims to encourage people who take recreational walks to use public transport instead of a car to get to their starting point. This movement did not stop in UK, similar movements have been conducted in places such as New York City with other motivations in addition to the main goal like personal health and fitness.

## Principles

Car-free walking was created to encourage walkers to use public transport rather than using cars to reach the start of a walk. This is to reduce the number of cars in the countryside, particularly in National Parks, which can cause congestion and inappropriate parking. It is also to support bus and train services in rural areas. Encouraging people not to use their cars is also one of the key aspects of efforts to combat climate change caused through greenhouse gas emissions.

## Benefits

Car-free walking has environmental benefits, because it encourages people not to use a car and provides information on how to do this. It also supports public transport in rural areas. The benefits for the walker include the opportunity to walk linear routes that start and finish in different places and the chance to have a drink at the end of the walk without then having to drive. Many of the walking routes suggest a pub at the end of the walk.

## Supporters

Many organisations encourage their members to use public transport when walking. Prominent supporters of this approach include the Youth Hostel Association through its Empty Roads website and the Ramblers Association

## Websites

Car Free Walks is an internet-based project to collect car-free walking routes from around the UK. People can find car-free walks throughout the UK or add their own walks. Car Free Walks is part of the growing car-free movement around the world. It has won a number of environmentally themed awards. The website was created in September 2007 by a group of keen walkers based in Brighton, UK, and features walks in England, Scotland and Wales as well as a news and blog section. Walks on the site can be accessed free of charge, including GPX-downloads (which requires registration) and printer-friendly versions of each walk. The website provides up-to-date information about public transport to and from the walk through links to the Transport Direct website. Site visitors can submit their own walks via a walk editor and participate in a quarterly prize draw.
There are many local websites describing walks in a particular region or from a particular railway line, including:
* East Suffolk Line Walks
* Rail Rambles (Wales)
* Car free walks from Richmond (Yorkshire)
* Car free Walks in the Thames Valley and Chilterns

## Books

There are several books of car-free walking routes.
* Jon Sparks; John Gillham; Ronald Turnbull. Car Free Cumbria: Walking the County Using Lake Steamers, Local Buses and Trains. A John Gilham green guide.
* Christopher Somerville. Walks in the Country Near London. Globetrotter Walking Guides.
* Robert Swain. 55 555 walks. Yan Press. - routes accessible by the 555 bus route from Lancaster to Kendal
# Arthur Kyobe

Arthur Solomon Kyobe (born 29 November 1988) is a Ugandan cricketer who played in the 2006 Under-19 Cricket World Cup in Sri Lanka. A left-handed batsman, he has also played first-class, one-day and Twenty20 cricket for his country. In July 2019, he was one of twenty-five players named in the Ugandan training squad, ahead of the Cricket World Cup Challenge League fixtures in Hong Kong.