# Gisela Bock

Gisela Bock (born 1942 in Karlsruhe, Germany) is a German historian. She studied in Freiburg, Berlin, Paris and Rome. She took her doctorate at the Free University Berlin in 1971 (on early modern intellectual history in Italy) and her Habilitation at Technische Universität Berlin in 1984. She has taught at the Free University Berlin (1971–1983) and was professor at the European University Institute (1985–1989) in Florence, Italy, at the University of Bielefeld (1989–1997) and then at the Free University Berlin. She retired in 2007.
In the 1970s, Bock was active in the international campaign for "wages for/against housework" and was one of the pioneers in the emergence and establishment of "women and gender" history. She was a co-founder of the International Federation for Research in Women's History (1987). Bock's best known works are her theoretical articles on gender history and the volume Women in European History (all published in many languages).
Published only in German, her 1986 book, Zwangssterilisation im Nationalsozialismus (Compulsory Sterilization in National Socialism), was a study of the 400,000 compulsory sterilizations performed in Nazi Germany on "genetically inferior" men and women. Bock examined the history of sterilization in Nazi Germany with respect to the perpetrators as well as the victims, both women and men. She showed how the treatment and the experience of male and female victims were both similar and different, and she argued that Nazi gender policy was shaped by Nazi racism just as Nazi race policy was shaped by gender. Bock also examined the Nazi sterilization policy as an integral part of the regime's population policy as well as a prelude to Nazi genocide.
Gisela Bock reviews her academic career from a feminist perspective in an interview with Cillie Rentmeister.

## Works

German
* Thomas Campanella: politisches Interesse und philosophische Spekulation, Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1974.
* Die andere Arbeiterbewegung in den USA von 1905–1922: Die Industrial Workers of the World München: Trikont, 1976.
* co-written with Barbara Duden: "Arbeit aus Liebe – Liebe als Arbeit: zur Entstehung der Hausarbeit im Kapitalismus" in Frauen und Wissenschaft: Beiträge zur Berliner Sommeruniversität für Frauen Juli 1976, 1977.
* Zwangssterilisation im Nationalsozialismus: Studien zur Rassenpolitik und Frauenpolitik, Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1986. Reprint 2010.
* Frauen in der europäischen Geschichte, München:C.H.Beck 2000, 2005.
* (edited with Margarete Zimmermann), Die europäische Querelle des Femmes: Geschlechterdebatten seit dem 15. Jahrhundert, Stuttgart; Weimar: Metzler, 1997.
* (editor), Genozid und Geschlecht. Jüdische Frauen im nationalsozialistischen Lagersystem, Frankfurt am Main/New York: Campus 2005.
* edited with Daniel Schönpflug, Friedrich Meinecke in seiner Zeit, Stuttgart 2006.
* edited with Gerhard A. Ritter, Friedrich Meinecke. Neue Briefe und Dokumente, München: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag 2012
English
* "Women's History and Gender History: Aspects of an International Debate," in Gender and History, Volume 1, 1989, pp. 7–30.
* co-edited with Quentin Skinner and Maurizio Viroli, Machiavelli and Republicanism, Cambridge University Press 1990.
* co-edited with Pat Thane, Maternity and Gender Policies: Women and the Rise of the European Welfare States, 1880s–1950s, London 1991.
* co-edited with Susan James, Beyond Equality and Difference: Citizenship, Feminist Politics and Female Subjectivity, London 1992.
* Women in European history Oxford; Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2002.
* "Challenging Dichotomies: Perspectives on Women's History." In Writing Women's History: International Perspectives, ed. Karen Offen, Ruth Roach Pierson, and Jane Rendall, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 1–23.
* Ordinary Women in Nazi Germany: Perpetrators, Victims, Followers, and Bystanders. In Women in the Holocaust, ed. Dalia Ofer and Lenore J. Weitzman, New Haven & London 1998, pp. 85–100.