OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Masters Handicap Chase

The Masters Handicap Chase is a National Hunt handicap steeplechase in England which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run at Sandown Park over a distance of 3 miles (3 miles and 37 yards, or 4,862 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late January or early February.
The race was first run in 1954 and in the sixties was won three times by Mill House. It was known as the Gainsborough Chase until 1991, when the race was renamed the Agfa Diamond Chase, a Limited Handicap holding Grade 2 status. Agfa sponsored the race until 2007. Since 2008 it has been run as the Masters Handicap Chase.
The race last carried Grade 2 status in 1997 and in recent years it has become a normal (albeit valuable) Class B handicap, currently sponsored by Virgin Bet.

## Winners

$^1$ The 1985 edition was a walkover.
# Computer Power and Human Reason

Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation is a 1976 nonfiction book by German-American computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum in which he contends that while artificial intelligence may be possible, we should never allow computers to make important decisions, as they will always lack human qualities such as compassion and wisdom.

## Background

Before writing Computer Power and Human Reason, Weizenbaum had garnered significant attention for creating the ELIZA program, an early milestone in conversational computing. His firsthand observation of people attributing human-like qualities to a simple program prompted him to reflect more deeply on society's readiness to entrust moral and ethical considerations to machines.

## Reception and legacy

Computer Power and Human Reason sparked scholarly debate on the acceptable scope of AI applications, particularly in fields where human welfare and ethical considerations are paramount. Early academic reviews highlighted that Weizenbaum's stance pushed readers to recognize that even as computers grow more capable, they lack the intrinsic moral compass and empathy required for certain kinds of judgment.
The book caused disagreement with, and separation from other members of the artificial intelligence research community, a status the author later said he'd come to take pride in.
# 1956 Santiago rail crash

The 1956 Santiago rail crash occurred on February 14, 1956, at 8:12 a.m. near the Chilean capital Santiago on the branch to Cartagena and killed 23 people.
Two trains left the capital twelve minutes apart, seven kilometres into their journeys, the second train ran into the back of the first; destroying a wooden, third-class carriage. Twenty-three people were killed and 198 injured. President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo ordered an immediate enquiry; the driver of the rear train was found to be at fault.
The accident happened just seven months after a very similar accident at San Bernardo twenty kilometers south of the city killed 38 people.

## Ghost train sightings

Several years after the accident, several Maipú residents started to report hearing something similar to a train horn, which seemed to come from the track nearby Avenida 5 de Abril, Most of them said that when they go outside, there is nothing. The train horn seems to be loud, as residents from other communes like Lo Espejo, Pudahuel, Quinta Normal and even Santiago Centro reported hearing the same noise.

## Sources

* Accidente de Queronque (in Spanish)
* Trenes sobre rieles: Tragedias en la via (in Spanish)
# Mahtra

Mahtra (German: Machters) is a village in Rapla Parish, Rapla County, Estonia. It has a population of 92 (as of 1 January 2010). Between 1991 and 2017 (until the administrative reform of Estonian municipalities) the village was located in Juuru Parish.
In 1858 a peasant insurgency called the Mahtra War took place at the Mahtra Manor.
# Small Ingush

Small Ingush or Little Angusht, also District of Sholkhi, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society that existed during the 18-19th centuries. The center of the society was the village of Sholkhi.

## History
### Formation of the society

The Soviet and Russian historian Nataliya Volkova [ru] gives the 60s of the 18th century as the date of the emergence of Small Ingush, when part of the Ingush – the inhabitants of the Tarskaya Valley, having advanced through the mountain defile separating the river Kambileyevka from the plain, occupied both banks of this river in the Shaulokha tract. This is also confirmed by Julius Klaproth, who notes that the settlements of the Small Ingush were formed by the Ingush who migrated from the mountains about 40 years ago. German lieutenant-general Johann Blaramberg [ru], as a result of his expedition in the Caucasus mountains in the 1830's, stated that the colony Shalkha (Small Ingush) formed about 70 years ago (in 1770s) which matches with the information of Julius Klaproth.

### General information

Small Ingush are first mentioned in the work of the German academian J. A. Güldenstädt in 1770-1773 as the District of Sholkhi, which according to J. A. Güldenstädt is called "Little Angusht" (Small Ingush) by the Russians due to its proximity to Angusht proper.
In 1773, the head of the missionary commission A. Lebedev's trip to the Small and Great Ingush, was caused by complaints of the local Ingush population about the oppression by the Kabardian princes. Reporting the results of his trip to the Kizlyar commandant Shtender, A. Lebedev noted that the consequence of these oppressions was the partial resettlement of the inhabitants of the Lesser Ingush to the Greater Ingush. However, even after 1773, Shteder, who visited here in 1781, found the settlements of the Small Ingush in the same places. L. L. Städer mentioned the Small Ingush as the Ingush colony of Shalkha situated on the Kumbaley river, he also mentioned that the colony was able to drop every attempt of Kabardians to impose their tribute on them thanks to their courage and the strength of the people. In 1821, the German geographer and statistician Georg Hassel, in his geographical description of the Russian Empire and Dshagatai also mentioned the Small Ingush as the District of Shalkha when enlisting a total number of territorial divisions of the Ingush people. In 1823, S. M. Bronevsky [ru] in his work The latest geographical and historical news about the Caucasus mentioned Small Ingush as Shalka or Small Angusht situated on the lower reaches of river Kumbaley.

## Composition

Great and Small Ingush consisted of following settlements and districts: Galga, Tirol, Aka, Betsi, Gemir, Vaurukhu, Kir, Meresh, Golay, Ialkhar, Tsoray, Noy, Khoy, Kakhkoy, Mestoy, Nashakh, Tsuluy, Meler, Korbi, Makhshi, Assay, Shadgia, Asday, Kheyrekhi, Tsidsi, Palang.
# 2014 Royal Lahaina Challenger

The 2014 Royal Lahaina Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Maui, United States between 20 and 26 January 2014.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| RUS | Alex Bogomolov Jr. | 89 | 1 |
| USA | Tim Smyczek | 90 | 2 |
| USA | Bradley Klahn | 93 | 3 |
| USA | Jack Sock | 95 | 4 |
| USA | Ryan Harrison | 110 | 5 |
| USA | Denis Kudla | 113 | 6 |
| CAN | Frank Dancevic | 122 | 7 |
| USA | Wayne Odesnik | 139 | 8 |
| USA | Alex Kuznetsov | 140 | 9 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of January 13, 2014.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Thibaud Berland
* Petr Michnev
* Marcos Giron
* Mitchell Krueger
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Jared Donaldson
* Malek Jaziri
* Daniel Kosakowski
* Wang Chieh-Fu
The following players received entry as a lucky loser:
* Jarmere Jenkins
* Kento Takeuchi

## Champions
### Singles

* Bradley Klahn def. Yang Tsung-hua, 6–2, 6–3

### Doubles

* Denis Kudla / Yasutaka Uchiyama def. Daniel Kosakowski / Nicolas Meister, 6–3, 6–2
# 1999 Nigerian Senate elections in Plateau State

The 1999 Nigerian Senate election in Plateau State was held on February 20, 1999, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Plateau State. Silas Janfa representing Plateau South, Ibrahim Mantu representing Plateau Central, and Davou Zang representing Plateau North all won on the platform of Peoples Democratic Party

## Overview

| Affiliation | Party | Party | Total |
| Affiliation | PDP | ANPP | Total |
| Before Election | | | 3 |
| After Election | 3 | 0 | 3 |

## Summary

| District | Elected Senator | Party |
| Plateau South | Silas Janfa | PDP |
| Plateau Central | Ibrahim Mantu | PDP |
| Plateau North | Davou Zang | PDP |

## Results
### Plateau South

The election was won by Silas Janfa of the Peoples Democratic Party.
1999 Nigerian Senate election in Plateau State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PDP | Silas Janfa | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | | |
| | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold |

### Plateau Central

The election was won by Ibrahim Mantu of the Peoples Democratic Party.
1999 Nigerian Senate election in Plateau State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PDP | Ibrahim Mantu | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | | |
| | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold |

### Plateau North

The election was won by Davou Zang of the People's Democratic Party (Nigeria).
2003 Nigerian Senate election in Plateau State :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PDP | Davou Zang | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | | |
| | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold | PDP hold |
# Stapleford–Hoover–Whitney House

The Stapleford–Hoover–Whitney House is a historic house located at 401 North Main Street in Vermont, Illinois. Built circa 1855, the house was twice remodeled and incorporates elements of three different architectural styles. The original house was built for businessman and speculator Edward Stapleford; it had an I-house plan with a Greek Revival design, which is still reflected in its entrance and windows. Stapleford hanged himself in 1857 after going into debt via a speculation gone wrong; his wife Sarah lived in the house until 1871, when it was purchased by Dr. A. L. Hoover. Hoover, who ran a medical practice in the village, added the house's Italianate features, which included a hip roof with a bracketed cornice and two ornate porches. Merchant George F. Whitney bought the house in the 1880s; his wife and son added the Queen Anne style bay window in 1892.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1996.
# 1956 Leeds North East by-election

The Leeds North East byelection of 9 February 1956 was a by-election to the House of Commons. It was caused when the sitting Member, Osbert Peake, was awarded a Viscountcy in the New Year's Honours list (he took the title Viscount Ingleby). Sir Keith Joseph kept the seat for the Conservative Party with a slightly reduced numerical majority, but increased in percentage terms.

## Candidates

The Conservative Party's choice of Sir Keith Joseph reflected his strong performance at the 1955 general election when he had failed to be elected, but only by 125 votes, in the London constituency of Baron's Court. Joseph was then a 37-year-old director of building and civil engineering companies and non-practising Barrister.
The Labour Party chose Harry Waterman, who had fought the constituency in the previous election. He was a 38-year-old local solicitor and a member of the Fabian Society. The election was a 'straight fight' with no Liberal or Independent candidate intervening.

## Results

Sir Keith Joseph won with a majority of 5,869 on a turnout substantially down on the general election. He achieved a slight swing towards his party compared to 1955. He held the seat until he retired in 1987.

## Votes

Leeds North East by-election, 1956 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Keith Joseph | 14,081 | 63.2 | +1.7 |
| | Labour | Harry Waterman | 8,212 | 36.8 | −1.7 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,869 | 26.4 | +3.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 22,293 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | +1.7 | |
# HMS Vengeance (1824)

HMS Vengeance was an 84-gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 27 July 1824 at Pembroke Dockyard. The Canopus-class ships were all modelled on a captured French ship, the Franklin, which was renamed HMS Canopus in British service. Some of the copies were faster than others, though it was reported that none could beat the original. HMS Vengeance was nicknamed 'the wind's-eye liner' and was faster than all the other ships except HMS Phaeton.
In 1849, while under the command of Captain Charles Philip Yorke, 4th Earl of Hardwicke, HMS Vengeance took part in the repression of the republican-inspired Revolt of Genoa in support of the forces of the Kingdom of Sardinia. A landing detachment from the ship occupied unopposed the main coastal defence battery in the harbour, but during the following bombardment of the town HMS Vengeance caused heavy and random damage, including the Hospital of Pammatone where it caused 107 civilian casualties. For these actions, Hardwicke was decorated by the Sardinian King Victor Emmanuel II with a Gold Medal of Military Valour, which he was authorized to accept by Queen Victoria only in 1855.
Having returned to Britain, in August 1851 Vengeance, commanded by Captain Lord Edward Russell, left Portsmouth for the Mediterranean. After stops at Lisbon and Gibraltar, she arrived at Malta on 2 October. Vengeance's commander during 1851 and 1852 was William Robert Mends. On 13 March 1852, she ran aground in Gibraltar Bay and the end of a voyage from Malta to Gibraltar. She was refloated and found to be leaky. Vengeance returned to England at Christmas 1852, before returning to the Mediterranean with a new second in command, Commander George Le Geyt Bowyear (1818–1903), in the spring. By June she had rejoined the fleet at Malta, and then accompanied the whole Mediterranean fleet under Vice-Admiral James Dundas to Bashika Bay outside the Dardanelles as political tension increased before the Crimean War. In October the fleet moved through the Dardanelles to the Bosphorus and moored at Beikos Bay. In January she visited Sinope, where the Battle of Sinop had been fought the previous November between a Turkish squadron and the Russian fleet, resulting in a Turkish defeat. Vengeance moved to Varna in March, and then took part in the bombardment of Odessa on 22 April. The ship assisted with the transportation of the army across the Black Sea to the Crimea before attending at the Battle of Alma on 20 September.
She became a receiving ship in 1861, and was eventually sold out of the navy in 1897.
# Kangemi

Kangemi is a peri-urban area in Kenya located in Westlands Sub-county in Nairobi County, on the outskirts of the city. It is bordered on the north by the middle-class neighbourhoods of Loresho and Kibagare and Westlands on the west. Its southern border connects with Kawangware, a large slum and its eastern border connects to Mountain View, another middle-class enclave. It is on the road connecting Nairobi with Naivasha. Kangemi has more than 100,000 residents. While it is a multi-ethnic slum, the largest group of residents consists of the Luhya tribe, who are majorly tenants attracted to Kangemi's low-cost rental houses and accessibility to employment opportunites mostly labor based However, the indigenous community is the Kikuyu tribe that owns the land and rental houses that other tribes live in. The Kikuyu have lived in Kangemi having moved from Dagoretti, Muranga and other areas in pre-colonial and colonial times and have established clans and family there.
Kangemi is located in a small valley. The slum has no sewerage. About 20,000 persons belong to a Catholic parish based in Kangemi. The St. Joseph Catholic Parish is one of the places Pope Francis visited during his visit to Africa between 26 and 30 November 2015, of which Kenya was his first stopover. He visited Kangemi on 27 November 2015. He met with the community and gave an address. Kangemi High School exists in Kangemi.
# Nathipora

Nathipora is a village in the Bomai block in Sopore tehsil, in the Baramulla District of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
The village had a total population of 1827 in the 2011 census. The literacy rate was 68.12% compared to 67.16% in Jammu and Kashmir as a whole. In Nathi Pora male literacy was 81.65% and female literacy was 55.33%.
Nathipora is on Sopore-Kupwara highway.
# PP-156 Lahore-XII

PP-156 Lahore-XII (پی پی-156، لاہور-12) is a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab.

## General elections 2024

Provincial election 2024: PP-156 Lahore-XII :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Ali Imtiaz | 54,037 | 53.51 | |
| | PML(N) | Muhammad Yasin Amir | 35,114 | 34.77 | |
| | TLP | Dilshad Ahmad Zahid | 7,031 | 6.96 | |
| | JI | Muhammad Khubaib Nazir | 2,180 | 2.16 | |
| | Others | Others (nineteen candidates) | 2,617 | 2.60 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 102,581 | 40.30 | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 100,979 | 98.44 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 1,602 | 1.56 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 18,923 | 18.74 | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 254,544 | | |
| | hold | hold | hold | hold | hold |

## General elections 2018

Provincial election 2018: PP-157 Lahore-XIV :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PML(N) | Khawaja Salman Rafique | 40,125 | 46.96 |
| | PTI | Muhammad Shoaib Siddiqui | 35,415 | 41.45 |
| | TLP | Muhammad Imtiaz | 5,957 | 6.97 |
| | AAT | Muhammad Shoaib | 1,813 | 2.12 |
| | PPP | Raja Muhammad Shabbir Khan | 1,402 | 1.64 |
| | Others | Others (twelve candidates) | 731 | 0.86 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 87,109 | 52.86 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 85,443 | 98.09 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 1,666 | 1.91 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,710 | 5.51 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 164,789 | |

## General elections 2013

| Contesting Candidates | Party Affiliation | Votes Polled |

## General elections 2008

| Contesting Candidates | Party Affiliation | Votes Polled |
# 2014 Sacramento Challenger

The 2014 Sacramento Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Sacramento, California, United States between 29 September and 5 October 2014.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Sam Querrey | 54 | 1 |
| USA | Tim Smyczek | 99 | 2 |
| USA | Bradley Klahn | 115 | 3 |
| USA | Michael Russell | 123 | 4 |
| USA | Denis Kudla | 124 | 5 |
| CAN | Peter Polansky | 125 | 6 |
| NED | Thiemo de Bakker | 143 | 7 |
| CAN | Frank Dancevic | 144 | 8 |
* Rankings are as of September 22, 2014.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Daniel Nguyen
* Bjorn Fratangelo
* Stefan Kozlov
* Collin Altamirano
The following player received entry as a special exemption into the singles main draw:
* Jared Donaldson
The following player received entry as an alternate into the singles main draw:
* Elias Ymer
The following players received entry with a protected ranking into the singles main draw:
* Tennys Sandgren
* John Millman
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Liam Broady
* Marcos Giron
* Dimitar Kutrovsky
* Eric Quigley

## Champions
### Singles

* Sam Querrey def. Stefan Kozlov, 6–3, 6–4

### Doubles

* Adam Hubble / John-Patrick Smith def. Peter Polansky / Adil Shamasdin, 6–3, 6–2
# Starr Hotel

The Starr Hotel is a historic hotel building located at 1913-1923 Western Avenue in Mattoon, Illinois. Businessman George M. Custer built the hotel in 1888. The hotel primarily housed workers on Mattoon's three railroads: the Illinois Central, the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis (Big Four), and the Peoria, Decatur and Evansville. Mattoon's economy was primarily based on railroad traffic; the city expanded greatly after the Illinois Central and Big Four opened in the 1850s, its railroad yards employed hundreds of workers, and multiple industries grew in Mattoon due to its railroad access. While the hotel mainly housed railroad workers, it also catered to other working-class groups, such as seasonal broom corn workers and hobos. The hotel became a boarding house in the 1920s, and its upper floors closed entirely in the 1960s; its first floor is still a commercial property. The building is one of two surviving working-class hotels in Mattoon.
The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 16, 1994.
# José Alberto Vallejo

José Alberto Vallejo (born 22 October 1942) is an Argentine athlete. He competed in the men's hammer throw at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Argentina ||||||
| 1961 | South American Junior Championships | Santa Fe, Argentina | 1st | Shot put | 12.91 m |
| 1961 | South American Junior Championships | Santa Fe, Argentina | 2nd | Hammer throw | 48.97 m |
| 1963 | South American Championships | Cali, Colombia | 6th | Shot put | 13.69 m |
| 1963 | South American Championships | Cali, Colombia | 4th | Hammer throw | 54.12 m |
| 1965 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 5th | Shot put | 14.37 m |
| 1965 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 2nd | Hammer throw | 54.94 m |
| 1967 | Pan American Games | Winnipeg, Canada | 4th | Hammer throw | 60.32 m |
| 1967 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 9th | Shot put | 13.31 m |
| 1967 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 1st | Hammer throw | 58.84 m |
| 1969 | South American Championships | Quito, Ecuador | 1st | Hammer throw | 61.58 m |
| 1971 | Pan American Games | Cali, Colombia | 5th | Hammer throw | 59.46 m |
| 1971 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 4th | Discus throw | 45.14 m |
| 1971 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 1st | Hammer throw | 62.82 m |
| 1972 | Olympic Games | Munich, West Germany | 30th (q) | Hammer throw | 60.08 m |
| 1974 | South American Championships | Santiago, Chile | 7th | Shot put | 14.05 m |
| 1974 | South American Championships | Santiago, Chile | 2nd | Hammer throw | 61.55 m |
| 1975 | South American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 2nd | Hammer throw | 61.10 m |
| 1975 | Pan American Games | Mexico City, Mexico | 6th | Hammer throw | 63.76 m |
| 1977 | South American Championships | Montevideo, Uruguay | 8th | Discus throw | 40.48 m |
| 1977 | South American Championships | Montevideo, Uruguay | 4th | Hammer throw | 63.22 m |
| 1978 | Southern Cross Games | La Paz, Bolivia | 1st | Shot put | 14.46 m |
| 1978 | Southern Cross Games | La Paz, Bolivia | 2nd | Discus throw | 46.76 m |
| 1978 | Southern Cross Games | La Paz, Bolivia | 1st | Hammer throw | 63.90 m |
| 1979 | Pan American Games | San Juan, Puerto Rico | 5th | Hammer throw | 59.50 m |
| 1979 | South American Championships | Bucaramanga, Colombia | 1st | Hammer throw | 63.44 m |