OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aalborg Air Base

Aalborg Air Base (Danish: Flyvestation Aalborg) also Air Transport Wing Aalborg is a military air base for the Royal Danish Air Force (IATA: AAL, ICAO: EKYT). It is located at Vadum, near Aalborg, Denmark. Aalborg Air Base shares its runway system as well as some services (Air Traffic Control etc.) with Aalborg Lufthavn.
Residing Royal Danish Air Force units are:
It is also the base for Denmark's elite Jægerkorpset special forces unit.
Until their decommissioning on 10 January 2006, Aalborg Air Base was also home to:
* 723 Squadron
* 726 Squadron
These two squadrons were reconnaissance and fighter squadrons equipped with Lockheed F-16MLU Fighting Falcon aircraft. The aircraft from these squadrons were transferred to Skrydstrup Air Base instead.

## History

Aalborg Air Base was established along with Aalborg Airport in 1938, serving the first Danish domestic flight between Aalborg and Copenhagen. The air base was established following pressure from the Aalborg Portland cement factory as local authorities were hesitant to invest in air traffic infrastructure.
When Germany invaded Denmark on 9 April 1940, the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) launched one of the first airborne operations in history, in which paratroopers captured the airport. Aalborg Lufthavn was considered a crucial element in the ferrying of troops and equipment from Germany to Norway as it acted as a refuelling base for Luftwaffe transport planes, especially Junkers Ju 52/3m, during the campaign.
A well known air battle took place over the airport on 13 August 1940, when a squadron of Royal Air Force Bristol Blenheim bombers attacked the German aircraft based there. All eleven attacking aircraft were shot down by either German anti-aircraft fire or Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter aircraft.
The Luftwaffe greatly expanded the airport - which they called Fliegerhorst Aalborg West - from 140 to 2750 hectares of land.
On June 16, 1944, RAF de Havilland Mosquitoes attacked the airfield. One of the RAF pilots, New Zealand fighter ace Michael Herrick, was killed leading aircraft of No. 305 Polish Bomber Squadron. His earlier service had included flying night fighters in the Battle of Britain and two operational tours flying Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawks in the Pacific before returning to Britain to fly Mosquitoes against the Luftwaffe.
After the war, an internment camp for Baltic German refugees was set up at the location.
When the Royal Air Force arrived at the airport in 1945 most military and airport equipment had been destroyed. At this time the airport is by far the largest in Denmark.
When the Royal Danish Air Force was created in 1950, it took over the Fliegerhorst.
# Saproscincus spectabilis

Saproscinus spectabilis known as the gully shadeskink is a small lizard found in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. The habitat is cool, shaded gullies where it feeds on small insects. It may be seen on sunny rocky outcrops within gullies. Ground cover and rocky cracks are required to avoid predation from birds such as the kookaburra and pied currawong.
# Yuryev

Yuryev, sometimes spelled as Yuriev (Russian: Ю́рьев), or Yuryeva/Yurieva (feminine; Юрьева), is a Russian last name that is derived from the male given name Yury and literally means Yury's. It may refer to:

## People

* Alexei Yuryev (1887–?), a Russian Bolshevik
* Boris Yuryev (1889–1957), a Russian/Soviet scientist in the field of aerodynamics
* Izabella Yurieva (1899–2000), Russian singer
* Timofey Yuriev (born 1973), a Russian/Soviet film director
* Sergey Yuriev (1821-1889), a Russian theatre critic, essayist and translator, uncle of the Russian/Soviet actor Yuri Yuryev (1872–1948)
* Vasili Yuryev (selectionist) (1879–1962), a Russian/Soviet selectionist and academician
* Vasili Yuryev (1955–2000), a Russian Internal Troops officer and Hero of Russia
* Yevgeny Yuryev (1951-2020), Soviet/Russian military officer
* Yuri Yuryev (1872–1948), a Russian/Soviet actor and People's Artist of the USSR
* Mikhail Zakharyin-Yuryev, a Russian statesman and diplomat of the 16th century
* Nikita Romanovich Zakharyin-Yuriev, another name for Nikita Romanovich (died 1586), a Muscovite boyar

## Places

* Yuryev, a former Russian name of Tartu, Estonia
* Yuryev, a former name of Bila Tserkva in Ukraine
* Yuryev-Polsky District in Vladimir, Russia

## Other

* Yuriev Monastery, a monastery in Velikiy Novgorod, Russia
* Yuryev reaction, a chemical reaction named after Soviet chemist Yu.K.Yuryev (1896-1965)
# Sigaloseps ferrugicauda

Sigaloseps ferrugicauda is a species of skink found in New Caledonia.
# Sigaloseps ruficauda

Sigaloseps ruficauda is a species of skink found in New Caledonia.
# Ernst van Aaken

Ernst van Aaken (16 May 1910, in Emmerich – 2 April 1984, in Schwalmtal-Waldniel) was a German sports physician and athletics trainer. Van Aaken became known as the "Running Doctor" and was the founder of the training method called the Waldnieler Dauerlauf (German: "Waldniel endurance run"). He is generally recognized as the founder of the long slow distance method of endurance training.
As a sports physician, trainer and advocate of new developments he directed himself fanatically to distance running and the training of "pure endurance" ("reine Ausdauer") with high mileage in the training program. He was an opponent of the method of interval training that prevailed until the mid-1960s. In the early 1960s, van Aaken trained, among others, the German athlete Harald Norpoth, who won silver in the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo in the 5000 meters. In 1972 Van Aaken was hit by a car during his own training, which cost him both legs. Since this accident he moved in a wheelchair and became also a champion for disabled sports and wheelchair racing. He also held countless lectures, including in the United States and Japan, and organized running races, especially marathons for women, besides ultra running events.

## Health and longevity

Van Aaken stated that human beings were able to reach the age of 100, if they would not live so "hopelessly unbiologically". In the "biologic" life style that he advocated, sports played an important role, especially the development of endurance. He lauded a daily endurance run for everybody, also for women, elders and children, combined with moderate eating and drinking. He also held the opinion that the female sex would eventually perform better in endurance events than the male, if all social barriers were dealt with that currently enhinder this. To propagate his ideas, he wrote a number of books, the most famous titled Programmiert für 100 Lebensjahre ("Programmed for lifespan 100").

## Proponent of women's running

Van Aaken was an early proponent of women's running.
In 1967, van Aaken asked Anni Pede, a 27-year-old middle-distance runner and mother of two also from West Germany, and Monika Boers, a 19-year-old from the Netherlands, to participate in a marathon organized by his running club in Waldniel. According to German sports historian Karl Lennartz, journalists skeptical of 13-year-old Maureen Wilton's recent world best in Toronto, Ontario, Canada asked van Aaken if women and teenagers were capable of such a performance. Mocked and derided for claiming that faster times were indeed possible, van Aaken chose Pede and Boers to prove himself correct. Although the German Athletic Association (Deutscher Leichtathletik-Verband) did not yet officially permit women to run, race officials did allow the two women to start 30 meters behind the men. Pede came in third, her 3:07:26.2 set a new world best, and Boers finished in 3:19:36.3.
Van Aaken had tested this before in women's cross country races which had no distance limit for women. He had all the support of the regional track & field association of which he was the women's spokesman which facilitated his tasks to further women's athletics
# Gavin Hume

Gavin Hume (born 25 March 1980 in Riversdale, Western Cape, South Africa) is a rugby union centre for Perpignan in the French Top 14. He joined Perpignan in 2004 from the Super 12 team Stormers.
# Maria Bengtsson (soprano)

Maria Bengtsson (born 7 May 1975) is a Swedish operatic soprano, who has appeared in major opera houses in Europe. She is known for roles in operas by Mozart and Richard Strauss.

## Career

Born in Trelleborg, Sweden, Bengtsson grew up in Höllviken, taking piano lessons and singing in choirs. She studied voice from 1995 to 2000 with Beata Heuer-Christen at the Musikhochschule Freiburg. She was a member of the Wiener Volksoper from 2000. In 2002, Kirill Petrenko engaged her at the Komische Oper Berlin, where she stayed to 2007. She appeared there as Konstanze in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail, staged by Calixto Bieito in a provoking way.
She made her debut at the Royal Opera House in London as Lauretta in Puccini's Gianni Schicchi. She has also performed at the Opéra Bastille in Paris, the Bavarian State Opera and the Staatsoper Berlin, among others. She has collaborated with conductors such as Daniel Barenboim, Bertrand de Billy, Marc Minkowski, Antonio Pappano, Philippe Jordan and Vladimir Jurowski, and with stage directors such as Peter Konwitschny, Jonathan Miller and Hans Neuenfels.
Among her roles are characters in operas by Mozart: Elettra in Idomeneo, Fiordiligi in Così fan tutte, Donna Anna in Don Giovanni, and the Countess in Le nozze di Figaro. She specializes in roles by Richard Strauss: the title role in Daphne, the Marschallin in Der Rosenkavalier, the Countess in Capriccio, and the title role of Arabella, a role which she performed first at the Oper Frankfurt in 2017, and performed at the Internationale Maifestspiele Wiesbaden, directed by Uwe Eric Laufenberg and conducted by Patrick Lange. Gerard Hoffmann from Vienna said about the Frankfurt performance that Bengtsson is the quintessential Strauss interpreter, credible and expressive, with "perfect diction and graceful acting". He described her voice as "flexible, warm, rich in colours and nuances, with a slender middle range and splendid piano".
In concert, she sang the soprano part in Mendelssohn's Lobgesang for the opening of the Elbphilharmonie in 2017, conducted by Thomas Hengelbrock.
# Marc Millecamps

Marc Millecamps (born 9 October 1950) is a Belgian retired footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Club career

During his career Millecamps played for Waregem, with whom he reached the semi-finals of the 1985–86 UEFA Cup, beating Italian club A.C. Milan in the third round.

## International career

Millecamps earned six caps for the Belgium national team, and participated in UEFA Euro 1980 and the 1982 FIFA World Cup.

## Personal life

He is the brother of fellow ex-footballer Luc Millecamps.

## Honours
### Player

KSV Waregem
* Belgian Cup: 1973–74; runner-up 1981–82
* Belgian Super Cup: 1982
* UEFA Cup: 1985–86 (semi-finals)
* Tournoi de Paris: 1985
Belgium
* UEFA European Championship: runner-up 1980
* Belgian Sports Merit Award: 1980
# 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment

The 44th Regiment, Tennessee Infantry was an infantry regiment from Tennessee that served with the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War. Notable battles fought in include Shiloh and Battle of Chickamauga.
# Municipal Stadium of Kastoria

Municipal Stadium of Kastoria is a multi-use stadium in Kastoria, Greece. It is currently used mostly for football matches and has a capacity of 8,000 seats.
# John Kivela

John Kivela (May 14, 1969 – May 9, 2017) was an American politician who served as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from 2013 until his death in 2017, and as Mayor of Marquette, Michigan, from 2008 until 2012.
Kivela was first elected in 2012. His district consisted of Alger, Luce and Schoolcraft counties and part of Marquette County.
His family owned an automotive repair and distributor business in Marquette.

## Death

Kivela was found dead on May 9, 2017, at a home he owned in Lansing, Michigan. He hanged himself. Hours earlier, he was released from jail following his second arrest for drunk driving. After his first arrest in 2015, he acknowledged he had a lifelong drinking problem and said he was seeking help.
# Josh Tupou

Joshua Enelangi Tupou (born May 2, 1994) is an American professional football nose tackle. He played college football at Colorado.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 2+3⁄4 in (1.90 m) | 353 lb (160 kg) | 31+3⁄4 in (0.81 m) | 9+7⁄8 in (0.25 m) | 5.30 s | 1.92 s | 3.09 s | 5.00 s | 8.22 s | 23.5 in (0.60 m) | 7 ft 5 in (2.26 m) | 27 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Cincinnati Bengals

Tupou signed with the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent on May 5, 2017. He was waived on September 2, 2017 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on November 11, 2017. He was waived by the Bengals on November 21, 2017 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted back to the active roster on December 6, 2017.
On November 22, 2018, Tupou was placed on injured reserve after suffering a torn pectoral in practice.
Tupou re-signed with the Bengals on May 1, 2020. On August 3, 2020, Tupou announced he would opt out of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
On March 17, 2022, Tupou re-signed with the Bengals.
Tupou recorded his first career sack against the Miami Dolphins in week 4 of the 2022 season. The sack gave Dolphins quarterback Tua Tagovailoa a concussion that forced him leave the game.

### Baltimore Ravens

On May 28, 2024, Tupou signed with the Baltimore Ravens. He was released on August 27. He re-signed to the practice squad on October 28, 2024.

## Personal life

Born in Long Beach, California, Tupou is of Tongan descent.
# Blackburn Perth

The Blackburn Perth was a British flying boat which served during the interwar period. It was essentially an upgraded Iris and, hence, the largest flying boat to serve with the Royal Air Force at the time (and the largest biplane flying boat ever to serve with the RAF).

## Design and development

The Blackburn R.B.3A Perth was designed to replace the earlier Iris to Air Ministry Specification 20/32. Developed from the Iris Mk. V, the Perth first flew in 1933. It differed from the Iris by replacing the Rolls-Royce Condor engines of the Iris with more powerful Rolls-Royce Buzzards and having an enclosed cockpit for the pilots. Unusually, in addition to its standard armament, the Perth was fitted with a Coventry Ordnance Works C.O.W 37 mm (1.46 in) autocannon in its bows.
Four Perths were ordered for service for the RAF.

## Operational history

The Perth entered service with the RAF in January 1934, when the second aircraft was delivered to No. 209 Squadron RAF at RAF Mount Batten Plymouth. Perths remained in service until 1937, being replaced by the Short Singapore and the Saro London. One aircraft was retained by the Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment until 1938.

## Operators
### United Kingdom

* Royal Air Force
** No. 204 Squadron RAF
** No. 209 Squadron RAF
* Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment

## Specifications (Perth)

Data from Aircraft of the Royal Air Force 1918–57
General characteristics
* Crew: 5
* Length: 70 ft 0 in (21.34 m)
* Wingspan: 97 ft 0 in (29.57 m)
* Height: 26 ft 5.5 in (8.065 m)
* Wing area: 2,461 sq ft (228.6 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 20,927 lb (9,492 kg)
* Gross weight: 32,500 lb (14,742 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 38,000 lb (17,237 kg)
* Powerplant: 3 × Rolls-Royce Buzzard II MS V-12 water-cooled piston engines, 825 hp (615 kW) each
* Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propellers
Performance
* Maximum speed: 132 mph (212 km/h, 115 kn)
* Cruise speed: 109 mph (175 km/h, 95 kn)
* Range: 1,300 mi (2,100 km, 1,100 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 11,500 ft (3,500 m)
* Rate of climb: 800 ft/min (4.1 m/s)
* Wing loading: 13.2 lb/sq ft (64 kg/m$^2$)
* Power/mass: 0.076 hp/lb (0.125 kW/kg)
Armament
* Guns:
   * 1 × C.O.W 37 mm (1.46 in) automatic cannon in bow
   * 3 × .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis guns in bow, amidships and tail positions
* Bombs:
   * Up to 2,000 lb (907 kg) bombs
# Tor laterivittatus

Tor laterivittatus is a species of cyprinid of the genus Tor. Described by Zhou and Cui in 1996, it inhabits the Mekong river basin in Laos and Yunnan, China. It is classified as "data deficient" on the IUCN Red List and has a maximum length among unsexed males of 60.0 centimetres (23.6 in).
# Tor malabaricus

Tor malabaricus, the Malabar mahseer, is a fish, a species of mahseer native to southwestern India.

## Taxonomy

This mahseer possesses many typical Cyprinidae features, with a slim, torpedo-shaped body, plus large head and scales, and four barbels at the corners of the mouth. In the original description, Jerdon says: "Head to whole body as 1:4; height 3 1/2 times in its length... 23 scales along its body." as among the identification characteristics. Tor malabaricus may be confused with juvenile Tor remadevii, but the distributions should be very different, with Tor remadevii only to be found within the basin of the eastwards-flowing Cauvery River.
There have been several recent papers on the genetics of Tor malabaricus and other mahseer species of India,. These papers may help in future identification, although comparisons between Tor malabaricus and Tor khudree should be viewed carefully as despite Pavan-Kumar et al. reporting that "Individuals of Tor putitora, Tor khudree, Tor tor, Tor mahanadicus and Tor malabaricus were collected from respective type locations", it is known that Tor khudree is no longer to be found at the type locality.

## Distribution

This mahseer is confined to the west-flowing rivers and streams of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

## Ecology

It may be expected that Tor malabaricus has similarities with all other mahseer species, being omnivorous, with a diet that likely includes aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, fruit and vegetation, small amphibians and other fish. It would seem probable that adult fish access headwaters for spawning during high water conditions, although as it inhabits the faster, shorter rivers draining westwards along the Western Ghats, migrations would likely be shorter than other species.

## Conservation

This species is currently assigned as Endangered by the IUCN. The major constraining factor in any conservation strategy is the relative lack of understanding of the distribution and ecology of the species and how it interacts with other local fish species within the same habitat.
As with other mahseer species, the main threats are: loss of habitat due to urbanisation, encroachment on flood plains, dam building, sand extraction and pollution. Destructive fishing methods like dynamite, poisoning and electricity are in common use throughout South and Southeast Asia, and may be expected to be a major threat to the sustainability of populations. In many of the rivers that have, historically, held Tor malabaricus, an emerging threat is deliberate stocking of the mahseer species from Maharastra, Tor khudree. The spread of this fish poses problems for native stocks and it must be considered an invasive species.
It seems likely that the fish deliberately poisoned in a temple pool in Shishla, Karnataka in 1996 would have been Tor malabaricus. Unfortunately, these fish were replaced with Tor khudree stocks from artificial breeding programmes, thus adding to the pressures on native stocks of fish. Temple pools, while useful repositories of local stocks are also extremely vulnerable to diverse habitat pollution incidents.
# Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone

Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone (11 July 1728 – 19 July 1759) was first Indian freedom fighter, from Kattalankulam in Thoothukudi District. He was an Indian polygar who revolted against the British presence. In Tamil Nadu, he waged a war against the Presidency armies in 1750–1759.
He became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram and ruler of Kattalangulam. In 1755,the Alagumuthukone, the war force of Alagumuthukone along with the Travancore force fought against Colonel Eron Keran's army and won. Alagumuthu kone was defeated in battle against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces in 1759. By Maruthanayaka's gorilla attack, Alagumuthukone stood smiling in front of the cannons and was blasted by the cannon and shattered into thousands of pieces.

## Legacy

In his memory, the government of Tamil Nadu conducts a Pooja ceremony every year on 11 July. A documentary film based on his life was released in 2012.
As a tribute to Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone, the Government of India released a Postage Stamp featuring him on 26 December 2015.
# Abram Stockman

Abram Stockman (born 31 July 1996) is a Belgian road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Unibet Tietema Rockets.

## Major results
### 2017

    9th Grote Prijs Stad Sint-Niklaas

### 2018

    10th Overall Tour of Azerbaijan (Iran)

### 2019

    4th Overall Tour du Maroc
       1st Mountains classification
       1st Stage 2
    8th Internationale Wielertrofee Jong Maar Moedig

### 2023

    4th Grand Prix Cerami
    7th Rutland–Melton CiCLE Classic
    9th Volta Limburg Classic
    9th Grand Prix Herning

### 2024

    5th Ster van Zwolle
# 45th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment

The 45th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 45th Wisconsin was organized at Madison, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service on November 8, 1864. It was assigned to the garrison of Nashville, Tennessee, for its entire service.
The regiment was mustered out on July 17, 1865.

## Casualties

The 45th Wisconsin suffered 34 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 34 fatalities.

## Commanders

* Colonel Henry F. Belitz

## Notable people

* John B. Abert, son of George Abert, was a musician in Co. I. After the war he became a deputy sheriff and city councilmember in Milwaukee.
* Peter Philipps was drafted and served as a sergeant in Co. B. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator.
* Peter Reuther was drafted and served as first sergeant in Co. B. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator.
* Bernard Schlichting was captain of Co. C after briefly serving as first lieutenant of Co. G. Earlier in the war, he was enlisted in Co. G of the 9th Michigan Infantry Regiment. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator.
* Reinhard Schlichting was captain of Co. A. Earlier in the war, he was a second lieutenant in Co. K of the 9th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator, district attorney, and mayor of Chilton, Wisconsin.
# Jules Müller

Jules Müller (20 March 1908 – 13 December 1984) was a Luxembourgish football manager. With Jean-Pierre Hoscheid and Albert Reuter he co-managed the Luxembourg national football team from 1948 until 1949. They managed Luxembourg in the football tournament of the 1948 Summer Olympic Games where Luxembourg were eliminated in the first round 6–1 by Yugoslavia. Müller died in Luxembourg City on 13 December 1984, at the age of 76.
# Junior Rop

Junior Rop is a Papua New Guinean professional rugby league footballer who plays as a prop for the PNG Hunters in the QLD Cup and Papua New Guinea at international level.

## Career

Rop made his international debut for Papua New Guinea in their 46–10 victory over Cook Islands in the 2023 Pacific Test.