OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wu Kai Sha

Wu Kai Sha (Chinese: 烏溪沙; lit. 'Black Sand Creek'), formerly known as Wu Kwai Sha or U Kwai Sha (烏龜沙; 'Black Turtle Sands'), is a place at the shore of Tolo Harbour, northwest of Ma On Shan in the New Territories, Hong Kong. Wu Kai Sha is within the Sha Tin District, one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. The name roughly translates as 'Black Sand Creek', based on the accumulation of black iron ore which traditionally flowed down from the Ma On Shan peak.

## Administration

Wu Kai Sha (including Cheung Kang) is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. Wu Kai Sha is one of the villages represented within the Sha Tin Rural Committee. For electoral purposes, Wu Kai Sha is part of the Wu Kai Sha constituency, which is currently represented by Li Wing-shing.

## History

Originally there were only a few villages in the area, like Wu Kai Sha Village (烏溪沙村). It is now an extension of the Ma On Shan New Town.
At the time of the 1911 census, the population of Wu Kai Sha Village was 135. The number of males was 59.
The vicinity to the northeast is called Whitehead [zh] (白石) in English. The area was once home to the largest of the detention centres for Vietnamese boat people in Hong Kong.

## Villages

Villages in the Wu Kai Sha area include:
* Cheung Kang (長庚)
* To Tau Wan Village (渡頭灣)
* Wu Kai Sha Village (烏溪沙村)

## Features

Wu Kai Sha is famous for a campsite, Wu Kwai Sha Youth Village of Chinese Y M C A of Hong Kong. There is also a beach near the Wu Kwai Sha Youth Village.
Now Wu Kai Sha consists of several high-end housing estates, including Lake Silver (2218 units), Double Cove (928 units), The Altissimo (547 units), Seanorama (454 units), St Barths (353 units), Silversands, and The Entrance (148 units). It centers around Double Cove Place Shopping Arcade. The area also features a wet market.
Other features include:
* Li Po Chun United World College
* Starfish Bay
* Whitehead Club Golf Driving Range
* Wu Kai Sha Beach [zh]
* Wu Kai Sha Pebbles Beach
* Wu Kai Sha Pier
* Yong Cheng Yuan Market

## Transport

Before the area was developed, there existed only rough roads to the area. Many residents and visitors took kaito boats from Ma Liu Shui, near the MTR University station, across Tolo Harbour to the area.
With the extension of the new town to the northwestern side of Ma On Shan, roads were extended and expanded. Sai Sha Road is an alternative route to Sai Kung. In 2001, the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation began construction of the Ma On Shan Rail (now the Tuen Ma line), which currently terminates at Wu Kai Sha station.
There is a bus terminus with the following routes:
* Kowloon/New Territories: 40X, 86P, 87E, 89D, 89S, 99, 274P, X89D, N287
* To Hong Kong Island: 680P, 680X, 682, 682A, 682P, 682X, 980X
* To Lantau Island: A41P, NA40, X40
* Minibus: 807B, 807K, 807X
# HMS Canterbury (1693)

HMS Canterbury was a 60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Deptford on 18 December 1693.
She was rebuilt at Portsmouth according to the 1719 Establishment, and was relaunched on 15 September 1722.
Canterbury along with HMS Chester, during the War of Jenkins' Ear captured the Spanish Caracca St Joseph on 23 September 1739. The St Joseph was probably the most valuable single prize of the war.
On 25 April 1741, she was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Plymouth Dockyard as a 58-gun fourth rate according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment. She was relaunched on 5 February 1744.
Canterbury was placed on harbour service in 1761, and was broken up in 1770.
# Ekaterinoslav Bolshevik uprising

The 1918 Ekaterinoslav uprising (Ukrainian: Катеринославське збройне повстання) was a Bolshevik-led uprising in Ekaterinoslav (modern Dnipro) on 9–11 January 1918 that later was supported by Red Guards of the Soviet expeditionary group under the command of Pavel Yegorov, and grew into an open intervention into Ukrainian internal affairs and the war against the Central Council of Ukraine.
The Bolsheviks lost control of the city when on 5 April 1918 the German Imperial army (during the 1918 German intervention in Ukraine) took control of it.

## Series of events

One important aspect of the uprising was the bolshevization of the Ekaterinoslav Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (November 1917), as well as the creation of a military revolutionary headquarters headed by Vasiliy Averin. The Bolsheviks managed to form a company of 3,000 Red Guards, which conducted revolutionary agitation among the city garrison soldiers, and developed and approved uprising plans with the headquarters of the invading Russian Red Forces. By that time Kharkiv was taken over on 25 December 1917 by Russian troops led by Khovrin and Sivers who arrived to Kharkiv at night on 22 December. Soon after the First All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets in Kharkiv on 25 December, the Russian expeditionary group split with Antonov and continued on to Don, while his chief of staff Muravyov took charge with military operations in Ukraine.
On 1 January 1918 Yegorov's troops took Pavlohrad and on January 5 they occupied Synelnykove and Novomoskovsk, stopping just outside the city limits of Ekaterinoslav. That same day, the Chairman of the General Secretary of the Ukrainian People's Republic Volodymyr Vynnychenko dismissed Symon Petliura from the position of Military Secretary. On 7 January 1918 the city's garrison brought from Oleksandrivsk (Zaporizhia) an armored car. At night local Red Guards stole the car stationed at the Brayanka factory yard and the next day, the city administration requested the vehicle to be returned before 14:00. The request was completely ignored. On 8 January 1918 Ukrainian forces shelled the Bryansk Factory (the center of the uprising) and workers’ settlements. The city's Red Guards and garrison soldiers routed Ukrainian forces in the Kaidaky and Amur-Nyzhnodniprovsky city districts and captured the railway station, the telegraph station, and other government institutions. The insurgents were supported by the Moscow and Petrograd Red Guard forces of Pavel Yegorov, who arrived from Synelnykove.
On 11 January 1918 the city post office, which was the last resort of the anti-Bolsheviks forces, was taken by force. On the same day the Soviet regime was established in the city.

## Aftermath

The Bolsheviks were able to keep the city under their control until 4 April 1918. On 5 April 1918 the German Imperial army (during the 1918 German intervention in Ukraine) took control of it.
Ekaterinoslav ultimately came under the control of the Bolsheviks on 30 December 1919.
# Benjamin Hadžić

Benjamin Hadžić (born 4 March 1999) is a German-born Bosnian footballer who plays as a forward for KSV Hessen Kassel in Regionalliga Südwest.

## Club career

Hadžić joined the youth sector of Bayern Munich in 2013 from 1. FC Nürnberg. For the 2017/18 season he moved to VfB Stuttgart. In June 2018 he completed a trial with the Austrian Football Bundesliga club SCR Altach, but was not signed.
In August 2018 he moved to Hannover 96, where he was registered for the clubs reserve team. Hadžić made his professional debut for Hannover 96 in the Bundesliga on 19 December 2018, coming on as a substitute in the 80th minute for Hendrik Weydandt in the 1–1 away draw against SC Freiburg. By the end of the season he made three appearances in the Bundesliga and 25 for the Regionalliga team.
In the 2019–20 season he was only used for the reserve team and therefore, he moved to the Austrian second division club Austria Klagenfurt in February 2020, with whom he received a contract that ran until June 2022.

## International career

Hadžić was included in Bosnia and Herzegovina's squad for the 2016 UEFA European Under-17 Championship in Azerbaijan. He scored twice in their third match against Ukraine, which finished as a 2–1 win. However, Bosnia and Herzegovina were eliminated in the group stage of the tournament.
# 2005 Tennis Channel Open – Doubles

Rick Leach and Brian MacPhie were the defending champions, but lost in the first round this year.
Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan won the title, defeating Wayne Arthurs and Paul Hanley 7–5, 6–4 in the final.

## Seeds

* Bob Bryan / Mike Bryan (champions)
* Wayne Arthurs / Paul Hanley (final)
* Yves Allegro / Michael Kohlmann (quarterfinals)
* Rick Leach / Brian MacPhie (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | B Bryan M Bryan | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J-M Gambill J Gimelstob | 3 | 2 | | 1 | B Bryan M Bryan | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Y-h Lu T Phillips | 3 | 7 | 6 | | Y-h Lu T Phillips | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | R Ram B Reynolds | 6 | 5 | 2 | | | | | | 1 | B Bryan M Bryan | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| 4 | R Leach B MacPhie | 6$^5$ | 7$^7$ | 2 | | | | | | | M Ančić J Coetzee | 4 | 3 | | | | | |
| | J Kerr J Thomas | 7$^7$ | 6$^5$ | 6 | | J Kerr J Thomas | 3 | 7 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | I Labadze T Vanhoudt | 1 | 4 | | | M Ančić J Coetzee | 6 | 5 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Ančić J Coetzee | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | B Bryan M Bryan | 7 | 6 |
| | A Fisher C Haggard | 3 | 7$^7$ | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | W Arthurs P Hanley | 5 | 4 |
| | G Oliver T Parrott | 6 | 6$^5$ | 7 | | G Oliver T Parrott | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | J Blake T Blake | 6 | 1 | 6$^2$ | 3 | Y Allegro M Kohlmann | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Y Allegro M Kohlmann | 2 | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | G Oliver T Parrott | 3 | 7 | 4 | | | | |
| | T Cibulec J Levinský | 4 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 2 | W Arthurs P Hanley | 6 | 5 | 6 | | | | |
| | L Burgsmüller R Lindstedt | 6 | 4 | 3 | | T Cibulec J Levinský | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Kim J Morrison | 7$^{12}$ | 6$^3$ | 3 | 2 | W Arthurs P Hanley | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | W Arthurs P Hanley | 6$^{10}$ | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Operation Gadsden

Operation Gadsden was an operation conducted by the 25th Infantry Division in Tây Ninh Province, lasting from 2 to 21 February 1967.$^{:114}$

## Prelude

Operation Gadsden was planned as a deception operation ahead of Operation Junction City. The 25th Infantry Division would seek to engage the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) 271st Regiment in Base Area 354.

## Operation

The operation commenced on 2 February with the 196th Infantry Brigade and the 3rd Brigade, 4th Infantry Division, each reinforced by an additional battalion deploying into western War Zone C. Following B-52 strikes against suspected base areas of the 271st Regiment, the eight infantry battalions seized two abandoned border villages, Lo Go (11°34′37″N 105°53′53″E﻿ / ﻿11.577°N 105.898°E﻿ / 11.577; 105.898) and Xom Giua, which served as supply depots from the Sihanouk Trail in Cambodia.
Subsequent sweeps confirmed the presence of the PAVN 271st Regiment, 70th Guard Regiment and 680th Training Regiments in the Lo Go area, although they failed to engage them.

## Aftermath

Operation Gadsden officially concluded on 21 February, the US claiming that PAVN losses were 160 killed, U.S. losses were 29 killed.
The 196th Infantry Brigade returned to Tây Ninh Combat Base, while the 3rd Brigade, 4th Infantry Division deployed to blocking positions along Highway 22 for Operation Junction City.
Contrasting the official view of the operation, internal reports by the Pentagon Papers indicate that the operation insignificant results, failing to dislodge or drive out the 271st Regiment.
# Cecil Irwin (footballer)

Cecil Irwin (born 8 April 1942) is an English retired footballer who played as a right-back for Sunderland.

## Playing career

Irwin made his debut for Sunderland on 20 September 1958 against Ipswich Town in a 2–0 defeat at Roker Park. He went on to make 313 league appearances, scoring just a single goal at his time with the club.

## Player-manager career

After finishing his stint with Sunderland, he moved on to Yeovil Town as a player-manager, staying with them from 1972 to 1975, when his contract was not renewed. He moved on to play for Ashington, also managing the Colliers for a year.

## Managerial career

Cecil continued to manage after his playing days were done, managing Ashington, just outside his hometown of Ellington twice more, first in 1996–98, and again in 2000–02, the latter time managing his squad to promotion, but unable to stick in the new league and being let go after relegation the next year.
# HMS Falkland (1696)

HMS Falkland was a 50-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Holland of New Castle, New Hampshire, and purchased by the navy in 1696.
She had the distinction of being the first warship built in what would nearly a century later become the United States of America. She was ordered by the British Admiralty in 1690 and delivered on 2 March 1696. Upon the request of the Admiralty to give an opinion of the quality of American timber, the Thames shipwrights stated the material was "of so infirm a nature as not to be fit for use in His Majesty's ships". During her career she escorted merchant ships to America, and in 1704 engaged the 36-gun French ship La Seine off the Azores. Together with HMS Dreadnought they succeeded in capturing her and renamed her HMS Falkland Prize.
She was rebuilt for the first time at Chatham Dockyard in 1702 as a fourth rate of between 46 and 54 guns. Her second rebuilt took place at Deptford, where she was reconstructed according to the 1719 Establishment and relaunched on 28 August 1720. On 8 December 1742 orders were issued for Falkland to be taken to pieces and rebuilt for what was to be the final time at Bursledon, where she was reconstructed according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment by Philemon Ewer, and relaunched on 17 March 1744. Falkland was one of the ships dispatched to search for the missing HMS Victory in 1744, and eventually discovered her likely fate when she stopped to re-provision at Guernsey.
Falkland was transferred to the Victualling Department on 10 August 1768.
# Troriluzole

Troriluzole is an experimental medication that has been investigated as a potential treatment for Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and glioblastoma. It is a prodrug formulation of the medication riluzole.

## Pharmacology
### Pharmacokinetics

While riluzole is typically taken twice-daily and on an empty stomach, troriluzole may offer a potential once-daily dosing with or without food along with greater bioavailability.

## Research

In 2024, researchers published a study in the Journal of Neurochemistry that reported troriluzole could reverse some early Alzheimer's disease brain changes in mice, reduce harmful glutamate levels, and improve memory and learning abilities.
# The Fellowship and Star

The Fellowship and Star is a Grade II listed pub at Randlesdown Road, Bellingham, London SE6 3BT.

## History

Built in 1923–24 and designed by the architect F. G. Newnham, the pub opened as The Fellowship Inn. It was the first pub to be built on a London housing estate, part of developments planned to ease inner city overcrowding after the First World War.
Under that name, it hosted gigs by bands including Fleetwood Mac and John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers, and was used as both a gym and a home by boxer Henry Cooper in the run-up to his 1963 fight against Muhammad Ali.
In 2018 The Fellowship Inn underwent refurbishment and redevelopment to restore the interior. It reopened in June 2019 as The Fellowship and Star, including a cinema, café, music rooms and community spaces. It subsequently closed as a victim of COVID-19 in 2020 and re-opened on 21 September 2022 once again named The Fellowship Inn.
The pub is on Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.
# 2005 WTA Tour Championships

The 2005 WTA Tour Championships, also known as the Sony Ericsson Championships, was a women's round robin tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, United States. It was the 35th edition of the year-end singles championships, the 30th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and was part of the 2005 WTA Tour. The tournament was held between November 8 and November 13, 2005. Fourth-seeded Amélie Mauresmo won the singles event, the first French player to win the title, and she earned $1,000,000 first-prize money as well as 485 ranking points.
Justine Henin-Hardenne had qualified for the tournament but withdrew due to a hamstring injury.

## Finals
### Singles

Amélie Mauresmo defeated Mary Pierce, 5–7, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–4.

### Doubles

Lisa Raymond / Samantha Stosur defeated Cara Black / Rennae Stubbs, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 7–5, 6–4.
# Ben Binnendijk

Ben Binnendijk (15 November 1927 – 24 December 2020) was a Dutch rower. He competed in the men's coxless pair event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Operation Kole Kole

Operation Kole Kole was a search and destroy operation during the Vietnam War conducted by the 2nd Brigade, 25th Infantry Division that took place in Hậu Nghĩa and Tây Ninh Provinces, lasting from 14 May to 7 December 1967.

## Background

The operation was designed to engage Vietcong (VC) units and interdict infiltration routes.

## Operation

A significant action took place when the Combined Reconnaissance Intelligence Platoon (CRIP) consisting of the Reconnaissance Platoon, 1st Battalion, 27th Infantry Regiment and the Hau Nghia Province Intelligence Platoon of Regional Forces) supported by gunships, reacted to intelligence and engaged a VC reconnaissance element from Long An Province, killing 27 VC. During the period from 5–8 August, the 1st Battalion (Mechanized), 5th Infantry Regiment located extensive ammunition caches and arms factories around Loc Giang (grid reference XT426155 (10°59′31″N 106°18′18″E﻿ / ﻿10.992°N 106.305°E﻿ / 10.992; 106.305)) along the Vàm Cỏ Đông River. Items recovered included over 1000 unfinished anti-personnel mines.$^{:2}$
During September the operation shifted to northern Hậu Nghĩa and southern Tây Ninh Provinces, while Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) operations in southern Hậu Nghĩa Province increased. The 1/5th Infantry conducted extensive dismounted night ambush patrols around Loc Giang and along the Vàm Cỏ Đông River which resulted in 14 VC killed in ten engagements. During the last part of September the 1st and 2nd Battalions, 27th Infantry engaged scattered VC west of the Oriental River resulting in the capture of a VC who revealed the location of the 269th VC Battalion. The 1/27th Infantry conducted airmobile assaults in reaction to this intelligence.$^{:2}$
The operation continued through October with emphasis on search and destroy operations, supplemented with pacification operations, in Hậu Nghĩa, Tây Ninh and Bình Dương Provinces. Search and destroy operations were characterized by rapid response to intelligence reports in widely separated areas in the area of operations. On 21 October an estimated VC platoon was observed moving from a base camp south of Tây Ninh, they were fixed in place by gunships until Companies A and B, 1/27th Infantry were airlifted to the area to engage them killing 18. On 31 October the 2/27th Infantry conducted airmobile assaults north of the Rach Tra Stream killing 28 VC and capturing two.$^{:2}$
Results of the operation to the end of October were 679 VC killed, 142 captured and 279 individual and five crew-served weapons and 4703 artillery, mortar and RPG rounds captured.$^{:2–3}$

## Aftermath

The operation concluded on 7 December 1967. VC losses were 797 killed and 159 captured and 34 Chieu Hoi for US losses of 158 killed.$^{:3}$
# Crispus Kiyonga

Crispus Walter Kiyonga (born 19 September 1952) is a Ugandan medical doctor, politician and career diplomat. He is the current Chancellor of the Makerere University, the largest public university of Uganda. He served as Uganda's Ambassador to China. He previously served as the Minister of Defence in the Cabinet of Uganda from 2006 to 2016.
Prior to that, he was Minister Without Portfolio in the Office of the President from 2005 to 2006. During the cabinet reshuffles of 16 February 2009, 27 May 2011, and 1 March 2015, he retained his cabinet post. In 2016, he lost the Member of Parliament (MP) seat for Bukonjo County West to Robert Katusabe, Kasese District, in the Ugandan Parliament.

## Background and education

Kiyonga was born in Kasese District in the Western Region of Uganda on 19 September 1952. Between 1959 and 1966, he attended Bwera Primary School, in Bwera, a few kilometres from the Ugandan border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo. During 1967 through 1970, he attended Nyakasura School from S1 to S4. He studied for his S5 and S6 at Kings College Budo from 1971 to 1972.
From 1973 through 1978, he attended Makerere University School of Medicine where he obtained his first medical degree, the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) in 1978. Later, in 2004, he obtained a Master of Health Science (MHS) with specialisation in Population Dynamics from the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. His studies at Johns Hopkins were funded through a Fogarty International Center Scholarship Archived 2007-09-12 at the Wayback Machine.

## Career

During the first post-Idi Amin national elections in Uganda in 1980, Kiyonga participated as a candidate on the Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM) platform. He won in his constituency, making him the only UPM candidate who won during those elections. He joined the National Resistance Movement (NRM) during its struggle against the second Milton Obote regime from 1981 until 1986.
From 1986, when the NRM assumed power in Uganda, until 2006 when he was appointed as Minister of Defense, Crispus Kiyonga held several cabinet and non-cabinet posts in the Ugandan Government:
* 1986 - 1986: Minister for Cooperatives & Marketing
* 1986 - 1992: Minister of Finance - Credited with the establishment of Uganda Revenue Authority.
* 1994 - 1996: Minister of Internal Affairs
* 1996 - 2001: Minister of Health - Credited with efficient handling of Ebola outbreak in Gulu in 2000. Chairman Global Fund.
* 2001 - 2006: Minister without Portfolio in the Office of the President and National Political Commissar.
* 2006 - 2016: Minister of Defense
Between 1992 and 1994, Kiyonga left the government temporarily to serve as a consultant with the World Bank and the African Development Bank. He returned to active politics in 1994 when he was elected to the Constituent Assembly that drew up the 1995 Uganda Constitution. He continuously represented Bukonjo County West, in the Ugandan Parliament, from 1980 until 2016. In 2016, he was appointed Uganda's Ambassador to China.