OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 38th parallel structures

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* GPX (primary coordinates)
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The 38th parallel structures, also known as the 38th parallel lineament, are a series of seven circular depressions or deformations stretching 700 kilometres (430 mi) across southern Illinois and Missouri and into eastern Kansas, in the United States, at a latitude of roughly 38 degrees north. Estimated at 300 million years old, three are believed to be impact events from meteorites, but other structures are possibly remnants of volcanos.

## History

Rampino and Volk (1996) postulated that these structures could be the remains of a serial meteorite strike during the late Mississippian or early Pennsylvanian periods (320 ± 10 Ma). Difficulty in determining the age of many of the structures and doubts about the exogenic origins of several of them leave some geologists skeptical of this hypothesis. As of 2016, only two of the structures, Crooked Creek (320 ± 80 Ma) and Decaturville (< 300 Ma), both in Missouri, are listed as confirmed impact craters in the Earth Impact Database.
There is evidence that at least some of the features, such as Hicks Dome in Illinois, are volcanic in origin. These features are associated with faults and fractured rock, and are accompanied by igneous rocks and mineral deposits. Hicks Dome is a structural dome which has its central Devonian core displaced upward some 4,000 feet (1,200 m) in relation to the surrounding strata. The dome has small associated igneous dikes around its flanks.
Interest in the possibility of serial impacts on Earth was piqued by observations of comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 impacting on Jupiter in 1994. It has been estimated, however, that the likelihood of such an event occurring on Earth is vanishingly small because the Earth's weaker gravitational field is much less able than Jupiter's to pull a speeding object close enough to be torn apart by tidal forces. However, evidence of serial impacts on the Moon, whose gravitational field is even weaker, can be seen in several chains of craters on the lunar surface.
# List of railway lines in Algeria

The following is a non-exhaustive list of railways operating in Algeria with opening dates if available. The classifications of railways into long-distance and regional railways correspond to SNTF categories.

## Northern Algeria
### Long-distance lines

* Algiers–Oran railway (1871)
* Algiers–Skikda railway (1886)

### Regional lines

* Béni Mansour–Bejaïa railway (1889)
* Bordj Bou Arreridj–M'Sila railway [fr] (2010)
* Tabia–Akid Abbes railway [fr] (1916)
* Akid Abbes–Ghazaouet railway [fr] (1936)
* Es Senia–Béni Saf railway [fr] (1885; rebuilt 1985–2015)
* Thénia–Oued Aïssi railway [fr] (1888; rebuilt 2010)
* Ramdane Djamel–Annaba railway (1904)
* Ramdane Djamel–Jijel railway [fr] (1990)
* Inactive since 26/12/1996: Mohammadia–Mostaganem railway [fr] (1879; rebuilt 1908)

## Vertical (north-south) lines

* Annaba–Djebel Onk railway [fr] (1888; rebuilt 1966)
* Oued Tlelat–Béchar railway [fr] (1906; rebuilt 2010)
* El Guerrah–Touggourt railway [fr] (1914)
* Inactive, Oran–Kenadsa railway [fr]
* Boughezoul–Laghouat railway (2023)

## High Plateau lines

* High Plateau railway

### Regional lines

* Aïn M'lila–El Aouinet railway [fr] (2009)
* Aïn Touta–M'Sila railway [fr] (2009)
* Souk Ahras–Tunisian frontier railway [fr]

## Commuter rail
### Algiers Province

* Birtouta–Zéralda railway [fr]

### Oran Province

* Oran–Arzew railway [fr]
* Trains
* Algeria
# 2018 South African presidential election

A presidential election was held in the National Assembly in South Africa on 15 February 2018 following the resignation of Jacob Zuma on 14 February. Acting president Cyril Ramaphosa of the ruling African National Congress won the election unopposed due to no other party nominating a candidate. Ramaphosa was sworn in by Chief Justice Mogoeng Mogoeng at 5pm, 15 February 2018.

## Background

Following the announcement of the resignation of President Jacob Zuma late on 14 February 2018, and official receipt of a letter of resignation by the Speaker of Parliament during the morning of 15 February, Parliament was convened to elect a new president.
The President of South Africa is elected by the members of the National Assembly, the lower house of Parliament. The upper house, the National Council of Provinces, does not participate in the election.
In a press conference before the session, Julius Malema, leader of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) announced that his party will not participate in the election.

## Election

Shortly after the start of the sitting of Parliament the EFF objected to the legitimacy of the process, stating that parliament should be dissolved and a general election called. All members of the EFF then walked out.
The Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court, Mogoeng Mogoeng presided over the election. He began proceedings by reading Zuma's letter of resignation. Parties traditionally nominate their respective leaders as candidates. Cyril Ramaphosa, leader of the African National Congress and Acting President since Zuma's resignation, was the only nominee. Thus there was no ballot and Ramaphosa was declared duly elected.

## Responses

* Mosiuoa Lekota, leader of the Congress of the People party objected to the nomination of Ramaphosa, and said his party will take the issue to the Constitutional Court.
* Mmusi Maimane, leader of the Democratic Alliance, congratulated President Ramaphosa, but reminded the house of their motion to dissolve Parliament and call for an early general election.

## Oath of Office

In a brief ceremony at Tuynhuys, the office of the Presidency in Cape Town, President Elect Ramaphosa was sworn in as the fifth post-apartheid President of South Africa, shortly after 17:00 SAST (15:00 UTC) on 15 February by the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court.
# Võõbu

Võõbu is a village in Paide municipality, Järva County in northern-central Estonia. Prior to the 2017 administrative reform of local governments, it was located in Paide Parish.
# Ivanka Moralieva

Ivanka Moralieva (Bulgarian: Иванка Моралиева; born 15 October 1983) is a Bulgarian former swimmer, who specialized in long-distance freestyle events and open water marathon. Since 2001, she holds a Bulgarian record in the 1500 m freestyle from the World Championships in Fukuoka, Japan (16:55.53). She also won a bronze medal in the 25 km, as an open water swimmer, at the 2004 European Aquatics Championships in Madrid, Spain (4:41:21.2).
Moralieva made her first Bulgarian team, as a 17-year-old, at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. There, she failed to advance to the succeeding round in any of her individual events, finishing thirty-fourth in the 200 m freestyle (2:07.61), thirtieth in the 400 m freestyle (4:19.10), and twentieth in the 800 m freestyle (8:52.61).
At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Moralieva qualified only for two swimming events with five days in between. She posted FINA B-standard entry times of 4:22.41 (400 m freestyle) and 8:55.15 (800 m freestyle) from the European Championships. On the second day of the Games, Moralieva placed thirty-sixth overall in the 400 m freestyle. Swimming in heat one, she saved a fifth spot over Croatia's Anita Galić, who finished behind her in last place by 0.17 of a second, with a time of 4:25.92. In her second event, 800 m freestyle, Moralieva challenged seven other swimmers on the second heat, including Germany's Jana Henke, who won a bronze in Barcelona twelve years before (1992). She rounded out a field to last place by a 5.17-second margin behind Ukraine's Olga Beresnyeva in 9:03.13. Moralieva failed to reach the top 8 final, as she placed twenty-sixth overall from the morning's preliminaries.
# Joseph Wallace

Joseph or Joe Wallace may refer to:
* Joseph Wallace (footballer), Scottish footballer, played for Newcastle United in the 1890s
* Joe Wallace (1890–1975), Canadian poet, journalist, and communist activist
* Joe Wallace (EastEnders), fictional character on the television series EastEnders
* Joe Wallace (footballer) (1933–1993), Scottish footballer
* Joseph Wallace (animator), animator and film director
* Joseph Wallace (murder victim) (1989–1993), three-year-old boy who was murdered by his mother in Chicago, Illinois
* Joseph Wallace (vegetarian) (1820s–1910), Irish–British alternative medicine practitioner, patent medicine creator, writer, and activist
# Kojatice (Třebíč District)

Kojatice is a municipality and village in Třebíč District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Kojatice lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-west of Třebíč, 45 km (28 mi) south of Jihlava, and 153 km (95 mi) south-east of Prague.

## Administrative division

Kojatice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Kojatice (182)
* Velký Újezd (108)
# Diane Drufenbrock

Diane Joyce Drufenbrock SSSF (7 October 1929 – 4 November 2013), also known as Sister Madeleine Sophie, was an American religious sister as a member of the Catholic School Sisters of St. Francis. She was a Christian socialist who was the vice-presidential candidate for the Socialist Party USA in the 1980 United States presidential election.

## Biography

Drufenbrock was born in Evansville, Indiana. In 1948, after graduating Reitz Memorial High School, she moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to enter the Franciscan Sisters. A mathematics graduate of Alverno College in 1953 and of Marquette University, she taught mathematics at Alverno College, at the University of Wisconsin–Parkside, and elsewhere around Milwaukee, including at the then-new St. Joseph High School (Kenosha) when it opened in September 1957.
Drufenbrock gained a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Illinois at Urbana in 1963. After teaching for 13 years at Alverno College, she taught at Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College in her native Indiana for 18 years.
Her interest in social issues led her to join the Socialist Party USA in 1976. She ran as their vice-presidential candidate in the 1980 United States presidential election, and served as that party's National Treasurer. That campaign resulted in the Party's recognition by the Federal Election Commission as a national political party.

## Death

Drufenbrock died on November 4, 2013, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
# Daniel Francis (footballer, born 2002)

Daniel Francis (born 10 July 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a left-back. Born in England, he plays for the Sierra Leone national team.

## Professional career

A youth product of Bradford City, Francis transferred to the German club Rot Weiss Ahlen in 2020 and began his senior career in the Regionalliga.
In July 2024, Francis returned to England, joining Northern Premier League Division One East club Bradford (Park Avenue). He departed the club in January 2025 in order to pursue a new career in Germany.

## International career

Francis was born in England to a Sierra Leonean Sherbro father and German mother. He made his debut with the Sierra Leone national team in a friendly 0–0 tie with Ethiopia on 26 August 2021.
# Xiaoheshan station

Xiaoheshan (Chinese: 小和山) is a metro station of Line 3 of the Hangzhou Metro in China. It is located in Xihu District of Hangzhou. The station was opened on 10 June 2022.
# Stefan Stanchev

Stefan Stanchev (Bulgarian: Стефан Станчев; born 26 April 1989) is a Bulgarian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Rodopa Smolyan.

## Career
### Levski Sofia

Stanchev comes directly from Levski Sofia's youth academy. After the establishment of the second team of Levski, he became a part of the new-formed PFC Levski Sofia B. During the first season of the Doubles League, Levski became a champion.
Stanchev made his official debut for Levski's senior team on the 13 June 2009 in a match against Pirin Blagoevgrad. The result of the match was 1-1.
On 7 January 2010, Stanchev started training with Levski again. On 20 March 2010, he was in the starting line-up for Levski and played the full 90 minutes, earning praise for his performance in the 3-0 home win against Slavia Sofia. On 27 March 2010, he played in his first Eternal Derby against CSKA Sofia, but was withdrawn in the 39th minute after sustaining an injury.

#### Pirin loan

On 2 August 2009, Stanchev was loaned out for one year to Pirin Blagoevgrad together with his team-mate Ivan Tsachev. However, after half a season, Stanchev returned to Levski. For Pirin, he made 10 appearances, playing in the A PFG.

### Botev Plovdiv

On 28 June 2012, he signed a contract with Botev Plovdiv for 1 years plus an option for a year's extension. His first appearance in an official match came on 11 August 2012, in the 3-0 home win over Slavia Sofia. Stanchev had difficulties securing a starting spot for himself. In January he was released.

### Cherno More Varna

On 5 June 2013, Stanchev signed with Cherno More Varna.

## Career Stats

As of 15 December 2018
| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Levski Sofia | 2008–09 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Pirin Blagoevgrad | 2009–10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 10 | 0 |
| Levski Sofia | 2009–10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Levski Sofia | 2010–11 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Levski Sofia | 2011–12 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Botev Plovdiv | 2012–13 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 10 | 0 |
| Minyor Pernik | 2012–13 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 14 | 0 |
| Cherno More | 2013–14 | 25 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 26 | 0 |
| Cherno More | 2014–15 | 15 | 0 | 5 | 0 | – | – | 20 | 0 |
| Cherno More | 2015–16 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Cherno More | 2016–17 | 25 | 1 | 3 | 0 | – | – | 28 | 1 |
| Cherno More | 2017–18 | 23 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 24 | 0 |
| Cherno More | 2018–19 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 6 | 0 |
| Career totals | Career totals | 158 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 176 | 1 |

## Honours
### Club
#### Levski Sofia

* Bulgarian A Group: 2008–09

#### Cherno More

* Bulgarian Cup: 2014–15
* Bulgarian Supercup: 2015
# Flood Street

Flood Street is a residential street in Chelsea, London, England. It runs between King's Road to the north and Royal Hospital Road to the south. Just further to the south is the River Thames. The closest tube station is Sloane Square to the northeast. The street commemorates Luke Thomas Flood, a major Chelsea land owner and a benefactor of the poor.
The most famous resident of Flood Street (No. 19) was the former British prime minister Margaret Thatcher. The house was bought by Margaret Thatcher and her husband Denis Thatcher in 1967 and sold in 1985. She celebrated her first 1979 general election victory here. Another former resident of Flood Street was the theatrical manager, director, teacher, and actor, George Devine CBE (1910–1966).
The youngest year group, 'small school', of the notable Hill House School is educated here. The Violet Melchett Children's Centre is located at 30 Flood Street. The Coopers Arms public house is at 87 Flood Street.
The Rossetti Studios at 72 Flood Street, built as artists studios in 1894 in the Queen Anne style, are listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England as is the former Chelsea Garage at No. 19.
# Karel Štogl

Karel Štogl (1 June 1973 – 11 June 2021) was a Czech lawyer, bureaucrat and diplomat. He announced on 13 March 2017 that he would run for the presidency in the 2018 Czech presidential election.

## Biography

Štogl was born in 1973. He lived in Mikulov during his childhood. He studied law at Masaryk University and worked as lawyer after his graduation. He joined Czech Social Democratic Party in 1997. He was elected to local assembly. He worked with multiple influential people of the party including Jaroslav Tvrdík, Bohuslav Sobotka or Michal Hašek. He also worked in private sector.
He unsuccessfully ran for European Parliament in 2009. In 2010, he moved to Prague and unsuccessfully ran for municipal assembly in Prague 13. During 2013 Czech presidential election he offered his help with campaign to Jiří Dienstbier Jr. Dienstbier refused Štogl, who then helped Miloš Zeman with his campaign. Štogl became Chief of Jiří Rusnok's Cabinet in 2013.
On 13 March 2017, he announced his candidacy for the President of the Czech Republic in 2018 presidential election. He stated that he would seek nomination by ten senators. On 7 June 2017, Štogl announced that he obtained ten signatures required to run.
# Kingdom Breweries

Kingdom Breweries is a Cambodian craft beer brewery company that was founded in 2009. It is the largest craft brewery in Southeast Asia, serving as a backend production hub for over 30 craft brewers in Thailand, Hong Kong, Singapore and the Philippines. It is located in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, along the banks of the Tonlé Sap River on the north end of the city, and is housed in a renovated factory formerly occupied by Nestlé.
The company is co-owned by Leopard Cambodia Fund, Cambodia's first private equity fund operated by frontier markets private equity firm Leopard Capital, and Charles Street International Holdings.
Kingdom launched its first beer, Clouded Leopard Pilsener, in September 2010, which was awarded a Belgian Monde Selection Gold Quality Award in 2011.

## Products

Kingdom offers four types of beer:
* Kingdom Pilsener – a traditional pilsener (5% alc/vol)
* Kingdom IPA – a hoppy, amber-colored beer (5.8% alc/vol)
* Kingdom Mango IPA – a full-bodied IPA with a hint of mango (5.8% alc/vol)
* Kingdom White – a Belgian-style wheat beer (5% alc/vol)

## The Taproom

The brewery has an onsite bar and lounge known as the Taproom, where visitors have an opportunity to sample the brewery's variety of beers and take guided tours of the facility.
# List of Canadian records in speed skating

The following are the national records in speed skating in Canada maintained by Speed Skating Canada.

## Men

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place |
| 500 meters | 33.77 | Laurent Dubreuil | 10 December 2021 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| 500 meters × 2 | 68.31 WR | Jeremy Wotherspoon | 15 March 2008 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| 1000 meters | 1:06.72 | Vincent De Haître | 25 February 2017 | World Sprint Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| 1500 meters | 1:42.01 | Denny Morrison | 14 March 2008 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| 3000 meters | 3:37.04 | Ted-Jan Bloemen | 30 December 2017 | Time Trials | Calgary, Canada |
| 5000 meters | 6:01.86 | Ted-Jan Bloemen | 10 December 2017 | World Cup | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 10000 meters | 12:33.75 | Ted-Jan Bloemen | 17 December 2022 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| Team sprint (3 laps) | 1:17.17 WR | Anders Johnson Laurent Dubreuil Antoine Gélinas-Beaulieu | 15 February 2024 | World Single Distances Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| Team pursuit (8 laps) | 3:36.44 | Denny Morrison Ted-Jan Bloemen Benjamin Donnelly | 8 December 2017 | World Cup | Salt Lake City, United States |
| Sprint combination | 136.730 pts | Laurent Dubreuil | 25–26 February 2017 | World Sprint Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| Small combination | 148.210 pts | Philippe Riopel [nl] | March 2008 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| Big combination | 148.630 pts | Ted-Jan Bloemen | 2–3 March 2019 | World Allround Championships | Calgary, Canada |

## Women

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place |
| 500 meters | 37.22 | Catriona LeMay Doan | 9 December 2001 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| 500 meters × 2 | 74.72 | Catriona LeMay Doan | 9 March 2001 | World Single Distance Championships | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 1000 meters | 1:12.68 | Christine Nesbitt | 28 January 2012 | World Sprint Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| 1500 meters | 1:51.76 | Ivanie Blondin | 8 February 2020 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| 3000 meters | 3:53.34 | Cindy Klassen | 18 March 2006 | World Allround Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| 5000 meters | 6:46.81 | Isabelle Weidemann | 14 October 2021 | Canadian Long Track Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| 10000 meters | 14:19.73 | Clara Hughes | 11 March 2005 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| Team sprint (3 laps) | 1:24.90 | Carolina Hiller Béatrice Lamarche Ivanie Blondin | 26 January 2025 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| Team pursuit (6 laps) | 2:52.06 | Valérie Maltais Ivanie Blondin Isabelle Weidemann | 11 December 2021 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| Sprint combination | 148.630 pts | Christine Nesbitt | 28–29 January 2012 | World Sprint Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| Mini combination | 155.576 pts | Cindy Klassen | 15–17 March 2001 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| Small combination | 154.580 pts WR | Cindy Klassen | 18–19 March 2006 | World Allround Championships | Calgary, Canada |
# 68th Illinois Infantry Regiment

The 68th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 68th Illinois Infantry was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois and mustered into Federal service on June 16, 1862, for a term of three months. It served garrisons in the Alexandria, Virginia, area.
The regiment was mustered out on September 27, 1862.

## Total strength and casualties

The regiment suffered 25 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 25 fatalities.

## Commanders

* Colonel Elias Stewart - mustered out with the regiment.

## Notable members

* Pvt Paul Vandervoort, Company G - 11th Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, 1882-1883
# Brynów

Brynów is a district in Katowice, Poland. It is located in the central part of Katowice, south-west of the immediate center, and is divided into two subdistricts:
* Brynów - Osiedle Zgrzebnioka is the eastern subdistrict with 7,200 inhabitants (in 2002)
* Brynów - Załęska Hałda is the western subdistrict with 16,800 inhabitants (in 2002)
Brynów (German: Brynow) borders the following districts of Katowice: Załęże, Osiedle Paderewskiego - Muchowiec, Śródmieście, Ligota - Panewniki, Piotrowice - Ochojec.
Among the landmarks of Brynów are:
* Kopalnia Wujek, a coal mine known as the place the government of People's Republic of Poland brutally suppressed workers demonstration in December, 1981.
* Kościuszko Park, the largest park in the city
* Church of St. Michael Archangel, located in Kościuszko park, is the oldest building in Katowice (from 1510)
* Parachute tower, the only one in Poland, place of a battle during the Invasion of Poland
History of Brynów, as a village, goes back to the 15th century.
Brynów has its own train station. There are several major roads and a tram line.
There are several schools, five churches and three supermarkets in Brynów. A small civilian airport is nearby.
# Dahm House

The Dahm House is a historic townhouse in Mobile, Alabama. The two-story brick structure was built in 1873 for John Dahm. It was designed by Bassett Capps. A two-story frame addition was added in 1929. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 5, 1984. In addition to being listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places, it is also a contributing building to the Lower Dauphin Street Historic District.