# Joyful Noise Recordings

Joyful Noise Recordings is an independent record label with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana. The label was founded in 2003 in Bloomington, Indiana by Karl Hofstetter, who also played drums on several of the label's first releases. Joyful Noise maintains an active roster of over 30 bands playing various musical styles, though according to the label, each artist "in one way or another bridges the gap between pop and noise."

## History

In 2010 Joyful Noise began focusing largely on limited-edition specialty releases which are generally released on analog formats packaged with music downloads. In addition to releases on vinyl records, the label has gained notoriety for being at the forefront of the resurgence of cassette tapes and flexi discs, as reported by The Washington Post, Pitchfork Media, Under The Radar, and others.
Joyful Noise has released single-album cassettes from Akron/Family, Dinosaur Jr., Deerhoof, of Montreal, Here We Go Magic, and others, and has released multi-album cassette box sets from Dinosaur Jr., of Montreal, and Joan Of Arc.
In 2012 Joyful Noise released their first album to chart on Billboard: Kishi Bashi's 151a (debuting at #6 on the Heatseekers chart). Since that time, new music on Joyful Noise from artists such as Sebadoh, Dumb Numbers, David Yow, Son Lux, Swamp Dogg, Tropical Fuck Storm, Deerhoof, Why? and others have all charted.
From 2012 to 2016, in the spirit of continuing to explore musical community-building through the release of cult artists in obsolete audio-reproduction formats, Joyful Noise offered its monthly flexi-disc singles series. Each disc in the series is of peculiar and notable value as a rarity but some particularly memorable entries include Son Lux's cover of Jean Ritchie's "Black Waters", several Melvins and Joan of Arc–related tracks, a duet by Sufjan Stevens and Stranger Cat, Tortoise, Don Caballero and Daniel Johnston.
The flexi disc's brief renaissance was the second wave of obsolete-format-driven record sales originally conceived of and innovated by Joyful Noise (after cassette-tapes), later to be duplicated by other labels in the independent music world. JNR is also known for producing lathe-cut records, twelve-sided records, records-that-are-also-musical-instruments and a number of other more bizarre and bespoke musical artifacts.
In 2013, JNR released the first 7" in their Cause & Effect series—an ongoing project pairing JNR artists (appearing on the A-side) with artists who have influenced them (appearing on the B-side).
In 2014, Joyful Noise started their annual Artist-In-Residence program: working with seasoned cult artists to release the "pure-gold material they've got in the cans that's never found a venue for release" and to continue to support their ongoing work. JNR Artists-In-Residence have included: Tim Kinsella (Joan of Arc, Cap'n Jazz et al.), Rob Crow (Pinback, Goblin Cock, Optiganally Yours, et al.), Jad Fair (Half-Japanese), Thor Harris (Swans), Kramer (Shimmy-Disc), Deerhoof, Yonatan Gat + Stone Tapes, Lou Barlow (The Folk Implosion, Sebadoh, Dinosaur Jr.), Yoni Wolf of WHY?, and Danielson of the Danielson Famile.
In 2017, Joyful Noise began releasing their White Label series: undiscovered records selected by renowned musicians either represented or friendly with the label. Yoni Wolf of Why? selected Creature Native by The Ophelias as the first entry in the White Label Series and the band was ultimately drafted to become part of the label's roster. Other curators of the White Label series include Devendra Banhart, Janet Weiss (Sleater-Kinney), Kelley Deal (The Breeders), Mirah, Aesop Rock, Alex Somers, Blanck Mass, Kid Millions, Meredith Graves, Mike Watt, Serengeti, tUNE-yARDs, Astronautilus, Cate Le Bon, Circuit des Yeux, Julianna Barwick, Sondre Lerche, St. Vincent, and Thurston Moore.
A Tropical Fuck Storm poster and (fellow Joyful Noise Recordings artist) No Joy LP made a cameo appearance in the 2022 Jordan Peele film, Nope.

## Radical projects & experiments

The label is known for candid identification with and support of radical and revolutionary politics. They released collaborations between Bernie Sanders and Thurston Moore, did fundraising to oppose the first Trump Administration through the release of Anal Trump records and stood in solidarity with Black Lives Matter during the George Floyd protests.
In 2020, JNR founded the Church of Noise to build and perpetuate musically empowered community during the COVID-19 pandemic and through the long tail of its fallout. In 2021, the label was featured in the New York Times as the only independent label interviewed in pursuit of a solution to the vinyl manufacturing slowdown (by doing lathe cut previews of vinyl albums that might take six months to a year to make it through the manufacturing queue). The Church of Noise has continued to evolve, building a sonic plant altar in their sanctuary, hosting art shows and other events.
As the major focus of 2022 artist in residence Joyful Noise Recordings devoted resources to launching the sub-label Stone Tapes, an "End of World Music" imprint. Joyful Noise also participated in the resurrection of Shimmy-Disc, run by Kramer, a crucial underground record label responsible for the discovery of a bewildering diversity of now canonical acts such as Low, Gwar, Daniel Johnston, Moldy Peaches and many others.

## Subscriptions and series
### Artist in Residence

Starting in 2014, Joyful Noise began hosting artists for year-long residencies in which they release new music exclusively on the label.
* Yonatan Gat & Stone Tapes 2022
* Kramer 2020
* Thor Harris 2019
* Rob Crow 2018
* Deerhoof 2017
* Tim Kinsella 2015
* Jad Fair 2014

### Flexi-disc series

In late 2011 Joyful Noise announced their 2012 Flexi Disc Series, which featured singles from Deerhoof, Jad Fair, Lou Barlow, of Montreal, and others. Each artist contributed a single song which is not available anywhere else. Each flexi disc was limited to 500 copies, and were sold as a monthly subscription. Now in its fourth year, the flexi-disc series has upped its distribution to 1000 copies of each single and grown to include acts such as Cloud Nothings, Sonny & the Sunsets, Lee Ranaldo, Thurston Moore and Sufjan Stevens.

### Holiday series

Every year Joyful Noise invites commissions some of its bands to contribute to a Holiday album. Contributors to the album submit a video, all of which are compiled into a movie that is shown at the annual Holiday party when the bands are flown in to celebrate. Lathe-cuts of snowflake or spiderweb-shaped records are a frequent artifact of these gatherings, distributed to members and supporters of Joyful Noise projects who have supported the label throughout the year.

## Discography
### 2020s

| Year | Band | Album | Format | Catalog No. |
| 2024 | Yesness | See You At The Solipsist Convention | | JNR491 |
| 2024 | Greg Saunier | We Sang, Therefore We Were | | JNR 457 |
| 2024 | Finom | Not God | | JNR 468 |
| 2024 | Deerhoof | Reveille | | JNR 432 |
| 2023 | jess joy | SOURCEHEIRESS | | JNR 465 |
| 2023 | Kishi Bashi | Music for a Song Film: Omoiyari | | JNR 461 |
| 2023 | Tall Tall Trees | Stick to the Mystical I | | JNR 448 |
| 2023 | Gareth Liddiard | Strange Tourist | | JNR 451 |
| 2023 | Mike Adams at His Honest Weight | Guess for Thrills | | JNR 447 |
| 2023 | Marnie Stern | The Comeback Kid | | JNR 441 |
| 2023 | Deerhoof | The Runners Four | | JNR 436 |
| 2023 | Ativin | Austere | | JNR 428 |
| 2022 | Sleep Party People | Heap of Ashes | | JNR 413 |
| 2022 | Tropical Fuck Storm | Satanic Slumber Party EP | | JNR 412 |
| 2022 | Oneida | Success | | JNR 408 |
| 2021 | Deerhoof | Devil Kids | | JNR 406 |
| 2022 | Yonatan Gat | American Quartet | | JNR 402 |
| 2022 | Medicine Singers | S/T | | JNR 401 |
| 2022 | Mythless | We EP | 7"/MP3 | JNR 398 |
| 2021 | Springtime | Self-Titled | | JNR 386 |
| 2022 | Sound of Ceres | Emerald Sea | | JNR 397 |
| 2021 | Deerhoof | Actually, You Can | | JNR 377 |
| 2021 | Helvetia | Essential Aliens | | JNR 372 |
| 2021 | Tropical Fuck Storm | Deep States | | JNR 371 |
| 2021 | The Ophelias | Crocus | | JNR 368 |
| 2021 | Lou Barlow | Reason to Live | | JNR 367 |
| 2021 | jess joy | PATREEARCHY | | JNR 361 |
| 2021 | Suuns | The Witness | | JNR 360 |
| 2021 | Dale Crover | Rat-Tat-Tat | | JNR 344 |
| 2021 | Electric Jesus | Motion Picture Soundtrack | | JNR 333 |
| 2020 | Serengeti | With Greg From Deerhoof | | JNR 363 |
| 2020 | Himmelrum | Van, Dod & Ensomhed | | JNR 358 |
| 2020 | Joan of Arc | Tim, Melina, Bobby, Theo | | JNR 353 |
| 2020 | Deerhoof | Love Lore | | JNR 347 |
| 2020 | Helvetia | This Devastating Map | | JNR 343 |
| 2020 | Various | Safe In Sound: Home Recordings From Quarantine | | JNR 342 |
| 2020 | No Joy | Motherhood | | JNR 340 |
| 2020 | El Ten Eleven | Tautology | | JNR 332 |
| 2020 | Deerhoof | Future Teenage Cave Artists | | JNR 331 |
| 2020 | Ohmme | Fantasize Your Ghost | | JNR 330 |
| 2020 | Let It Come Down | Self-Titled | | JNR 329 |
| 2020 | Magic Sword | Endless | | JNR 328 |
| 2020 | Swamp Dogg | Sorry You Couldn't Make It | | JNR 327 |
| 2020 | Jad Fair + Daniel Johnston | It's Spooky | | JNR 321 |
| 2020 | Toshi Kasai | Plan D | | JNR 309 |
| 2020 | Thor & Friends | 4 | | JNR 307 |
| 2020 | Psychic Temple | Houses of the Holy | | JNR 278 |

### 2010s

| Year | Band | Album | Format | Catalog No. |
| 2019 | Mythless | Dosed | | JNR 317-1 |
| 2019 | El Ten Eleven | Self-Titled | | JNR 312 |
| 2019 | WHY? | AOKOHIO | | JNR 302 |
| 2019 | Kishi Bashi | Omoiyari | | JNR 301 |
| 2019 | Tropical Fuck Storm | Braindrops | | JNR 299 |
| 2019 | Mike Adams at His Honest Weight | There is No Feeling Better | | JNR 298 |
| 2019 | Big Business | The Beast You Are | | JNR 295 |
| 2019 | Good Fuck | Self-Titled | | JNR 279 |
| 2019 | CJ Boyd | Kin Ships | | JNR 257 |
| 2018 | Optiganally Yours | OY in HI-FI | | JNR |
| 2018 | WHY? | Alopecia 10th anniv. re-issue | | JNR 270 |
| 2018 | Swamp Dogg | Love, Loss & Auto-Tune | | JNR 269 |
| 2018 | OHMME | Parts | | JNR 268 |
| 2018 | Hifiklub + Lee Ranaldo | In Doubt, Shadow Him! | | JNR 267 |
| 2018 | The Ophelias | Almost | | JNR 265 |
| 2018 | Joan of Arc | 1984 | | JNR 263 |
| 2018 | The Low Anthem | The Salt Doll Went to Measure the Depth of the Sea | | JNR 255 |
| 2018 | Mythless | Patience Hell EP | | JNR 252 |
| 2018 | Thom Fekete | Grow | | JNR 249 |
| 2018 | Richard Edwards | Pity Party! | | JNR 248 |
| 2018 | Oneida | Romance | | JNR 246 |
| 2017 | Qui w/ Trevor Dunn | Self-Titled | | JNR 238 |
| 2017 | Surfer Blood | Covers | | JNR 237 |
| 2017 | Dale Crover | Fickle Finger of Fate | | JNR 235 |
| 2017 | Sound of Ceres | The Twin | | JNR 234 |
| 2017 | Deerhoof | Mountain Moves | | JNR 233 |
| 2017 | Anal Trump | To All The Broads I've Nailed Before | | JNR 228 |
| 2017 | Jad Fair, Tenniscoats & Norman Blake | Raindrops | | JNR 226 |
| 2017 | Sleep Party People | Linger | | JNR 224 |
| 2017 | Richard Edwards | Lemon Cotton Candy Sunset | | JNR 223 |
| 2017 | WHY? | Moh Lhean | | JNR 222 |
| 2017 | Surfer Blood | Snowdonia | | JNR 220 |
| 2017 | Joan of Arc | He's Got the Whole This Land Is Your Land in His Hands | | JNR 219 |
| 2017 | Psychic Temple | IV | | JNR 217 |
| 2016 | Dale Crover | Skins | | JNR 215 |
| 2016 | Lou Barlow | Apocalypse Fetish EP | | JNR 212 |
| 2016 | Rafter | XYZ | | JNR 207 |
| 2016 | Goblin Cock | Necronomidonkeykongimicon | | JNR 205 |
| 2016 | Big Business | Command Your Weather | | JNR 204 |
| 2016 | Jad & David Fair | Shake, Cackle & Squall | | JNR 203 |
| 2016 | Busman's Holiday | Popular Cycles | | JNR 201 |
| 2016 | Dumb Numbers | II | | JNR 198 |
| 2016 | Kishi Bashi | Sonderlust | | JNR 197 |
| 2016 | Saqqara Mastabas | Libras | | JNR 194 |
| 2016 | Mike Adams At His Honest Weight | Casino Drone | | JNR 193 |
| 2016 | Crosss | Lo/Obsidian Spectre | | JNR 192 |
| 2016 | Psychic Temple | Psychic Temple Plays Music for Airports | | JNR 188 |
| 2016 | Sound of Ceres | Nostalgia for Infinity | | JNR 187 |
| 2016 | Yoni & Geti | Testarossa | | JNR 186 |
| 2015 | Lil Bub | Science & Magic | | JNR 184 |
| 2015 | Surfer Blood | 1000 Palms | | JNR 165 |
| 2015 | J Fernandez | Many Levels of Laughter | | JNR 164 |
| 2015 | Stranger Cat | In the Wilderness | | JNR 163 |
| 2015 | Yonatan Gat | Director | | JNR 161 |
| 2015 | Reptar | Lurid Glow | | JNR 160 |
| 2014 | Serengeti | Kenny Dennis III | | JNR 153 |
| 2014 | Ko | KO EP | | JNR 152 |
| 2014 | Half Japanese | Overjoyed | | JNR 151 |
| 2014 | Kishi Bashi | Lighght | | JNR 149 |
| 2014 | Yonatan Gat | Iberian Passage | | JNR 148 |
| 2014 | Victor Villarreal | Sleep Talk | | JNR 145 |
| 2014 | Divorcee | Snakes and Oyster | | JNR 144 |
| 2014 | Sleeping Bag | Deep Sleep | | JNR 141 |
| 2014 | Son Lux | Alternate Worlds | | JNR 139 |
| 2014 | Mike Adams At His Honest Weight | Best of Boiler Room Classics | | JNR 136 |
| 2014 | Busman's Holiday | A Long Goodbye | | JNR 135 |
| 2014 | Hew Time | Hew Time | | JNR 134 |
| 2014 | Sisyphus | Sisyphus | | JNR 132 |
| 2014 | CJ Boyd | The Space Between Us | | JNR 131 |
| 2014 | Kishi Bashi | Live On Valentines | LP | JNR 130 |
| 2013 | Tim Kinsella, Marvin Tate, Leroy Bach, Angel Olsen | Tim Kinsella Sings the Songs of Marvin Tate by Leroy Bach Featuring Angel Olsen | LP | JNR 129 |
| 2013 | Son Lux | Lanterns | LP | JNR 126 |
| 2013 | of Montreal | Lousy with Sylvanbriar | CS | JNR 123 |
| 2013 | Son Lux | Tear | 7" | JNR 121 |
| 2013 | Sebadoh | Defend Yourself | LP | JNR 120 |
| 2013 | DMA | Pheel Phree | LP | JNR 119 |
| 2013 | WHY? | Golden Tickets EP | | JNR 117 |
| 2013 | David Yow | Tonight You look Like a Spider | LP | JNR 116 |
| 2013 | Dumb Numbers | Self-Titled | LP | JNR 115 |
| 2013 | Sebadoh | Secret EP | | JNR 114 |
| 2013 | Thurston Moore, Lou Barlow, David Yow, Talk Normal, Dumb Numbers, and Child Bite | Cause & Effect (vol. 1) | 7" | JNR 113 |
| 2013 | Joan of Arc | Testimonium Songs | CS | JNR 103 |
| 2012 | Kishi Bashi | Room for Dream | LP | JNR 98 |
| 2012 | Victor Villarreal / m0ck | Split | 7" | JNR 96 |
| 2012 | Here We Go Magic | A Different Ship | CS | JNR 95 |
| 2012 | Kishi Bashi | 151a | CD/LP | JNR 92 |
| 2012 | CJ Boyd | West Coasting Vol. 1 - Dreams Like This Must Die (Seattle circa 91) | LP/CS | JNR 91 |
| 2012 | of Montreal | Paralytic Stalks | CS | JNR 90 |
| 2012 | Joan of Arc | Joan of Arc Presents: Joan of Arc | LP | JNR 88 |
| 2012 | Child Bite | Monomania | LP | JNR 87 |
| 2012 | Jad Fair + Hifiklub + kptmichigan | Bird House | LP | JNR 85 |
| 2012 | Victor Villarreal | Invisible Cinema | LP | JNR 84 |
| 2011 | Dinosaur Jr. | Cassette Trilogy | CS | JNR 86 |
| 2011 | Marmoset | Vinyl Box Set | LP | JNR 83 |
| 2011 | Marmoset | Today It's You | LP | JNR 82 |
| 2011 | SWAPS | SWAPS | LP | JNR 81 |
| 2011 | Sleeping Bag | Sleeping Bag | CD/LP/Sleeping Bag | JNR 80 |
| 2011 | Dinosaur Jr. | Bug | CS | JNR 79 |
| 2011 | Joan Of Arc | The Joan of Arc Lightbox Orchestra Conducted by Fred Lonberg-Holm | MP3 | JNR 78 |
| 2011 | Joan Of Arc | Life Like | CS | JNR 77 |
| 2011 | DMA | Drem Beb | CS | JNR 76 |
| 2011 | Memory Map | Holiday Band | CD/LP | JNR 75 |
| 2011 | Jookabox | The Eyes Of The Fly | CD/LP | JNR 74 |
| 2011 | Akron/Family | Self-Titled II: The Cosmic Birth and Journey of Shinju TNT | CS | JNR 73 |
| 2011 | Danielson | Best of Gloucester County | CS | JNR 72 |
| 2011 | of Montreal | Cassette Box Set | CS | JNR 69 |
| 2011 | Deerhoof | Deerhoof vs. Evil | CS | JNR 68 |
| 2011 | Joan Of Arc | Oh Brother | LP | JNR 66 |
| 2010 | Big Bear | See Out | MP3 | JNR 71 |
| 2010 | Big Bear | Under The Beach | MP3 | JNR 70 |
| 2010 | Hermit Thrushes | Wooded Blankets | CS | JNR 67 |
| 2010 | of Montreal | False Priest | CS | JNR 65 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Flowers | CS | JNR 64 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Boo Human | CS | JNR 63 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Eventually, All At Once | CS | JNR 62 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Joan Of Arc, Dick Cheney, Mark Twain | CS | JNR 61 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | In Rape Fantasy and Terror Sex We Trust | CS | JNR 60 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | So Much Staying Alive and Lovelessness | CS | JNR 59 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | The Gap | CS | JNR 58 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Live In Chicago, 1999 | CS | JNR 57 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | How Memory Works | CS | JNR 56 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | A Portable Model Of | CS | JNR 55 |
| 2010 | Joan Of Arc | Cassette Box Set | CS | JNR 50 |
| 2010 | Child Bite | The Living Breathing Organ Summer | CD/LP/CS | JNR 57 |
| 2010 | CJ Boyd | Alternate Roots | MP3 | JNR 53 |
| 2010 | Marmoset | Doo Wop b/w She's Wearing Rings | CS | JNR 52 |
| 2010 | Berry | Blue Sky, Raging Sun | LP/CS | JNR 49 |
| 2010 | Prizzy Prizzy Please | Prizzy Prizzy Please | MP3 | JNR 48 |
| 2010 | Prizzy Prizzy Please | Chroma Cannon | CD/LP/CS | JNR 47 |
| 2010 | Jookabox / Kid Primitive Family | Split | CS | JNR 46 |
| 2010 | Racebannon | Wrap the Body | LP | JNR 45 |
| 2010 | Abner Trio | The Giant Crushes You | LP/CS | JNR 42 |

### 2000s

| Year | Band | Album | Format | Catalog No. |
| 2009 | Stationary Odyssey | Johnfriend EP | MP3 | JNR 44 |
| 2009 | Stationary Odyssey | Sons of Boy | CD | JNR 43 |
| 2009 | CJ Boyd | Aerial Roots | CD/LP | JNR 41 |
| 2009 | Jookabox | Dead Zone Boys | CD/LP | JNR 40 |
| 2009 | Marmoset | Lemon Meringue Live | MP3 | JNR 39 |
| 2009 | I Love You | Bell Ord Forrest | CD/CS | JNR 38 |
| 2009 | Child Bite / Big Bear | Split | 7" | JNR 37 |
| 2009 | Hermit Thrushes | Slight Fountain | CD | JNR 36 |
| 2009 | Marmoset | Tea Tornado | CD | JNR 35 |
| 2009 | Valina | A Tempo! A Tempo! | CD | JNR 34 |
| 2009 | Push-Pull | Between Noise and the Indians | CD | JNR 33 |
| 2009 | Bizzart | Future Stars And Small Wonders | CD | JNR 32 |
| 2009 | The Delicious | The Delicious The Delicious | CD | JNR 31 |
| 2009 | Hi Red Center | Assemble | CD/LP | JNR 29 |
| 2008 | Push-Pull / Prizzy Prizzy Please | PPPPPEP | 7" | JNR 30 |
| 2008 | Various Artists | Joyful Noise 2009 Digital Sampler | MP3 | JNR 28 |
| 2008 | Man At Arms | A Waste Of Time And Space | CD | JNR 27 |
| 2008 | Grampall Jookabox | Rill Bruh | MP3 | JNR 26 |
| 2008 | Grampall Jookabox | Ropechain | CD/LP | JNR 25 |
| 2008 | Marmoset | Record In Red | LP | JNR 24 |
| 2008 | Various Artists | Defunct Indiana | CD | JNR 23 |
| 2008 | The Delicious | Postcard To My Sewing Circle | CD | JNR 22 |
| 2008 | LAFCADIO | Kibosh | CD | JNR 21 |
| 2007 | Child Bite | I Like Friends (Single) | MP3 | JNR 20 |
| 2007 | Push-Pull | 3 EP | CD | JNR 19 |
| 2007 | Child Bite | Gold Thriller EP | CD | JNR 18 |
| 2007 | Marmoset | Florist Fired | LP | JNR 17 |
| 2007 | Grampall Jookabox | Scientific Cricket | CD | JNR 16 |
| 2007 | Child Bite / Stationary Odyssey | Physical Education EP | CD | JNR 15 |
| 2006 | Stationary Odyssey | Terror on The Hell Loop EP | MP3 | JNR 14 |
| 2006 | Abner Trio / Man At Arms | Self-Titled | CD | JNR 13 |
| 2006 | Stationary Odyssey | Head! Foot! And The Pink Axe | CD | JNR 12 |
| 2006 | Melk The G6-49 | Mene Mene Tekel Parsin | CD | JNR 11 |
| 2006 | LAFCADIO | Sham Duvet | CD | JNR 10 |
| 2006 | Manners For Husbands | Sickly Love Sadness | MP3 | JNR 09 |
| 2006 | Abner Trio | Distant Thunder of the Sacred Force | CD | JNR 08 |
| 2005 | Various Artists | Strata: A Young Person's Guide to Experimental Music | CD | JNR 07 |
| 2005 | Gogglesphere / The Nancy School | Split | 7" | JNR 06 |
| 2005 | Receptor Sight | Cycles and Connections | CD | JNR 05 |
| 2004 | Gogglesphere | Babies In Hell... | CD | JNR 04 |
| 2004 | Melk the G6-49 | Glossolalia | CD | JNR 03 |
| 2004 | Manners For Husbands / Melk The G6-49 | Split | 7" | JNR 02 |
| 2003 | Melk the G6-49 | Self-Titled | CD | JNR 01 |