OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cononsolvency

Cononsolvency is a phenomenon where two solvents that can typically readily dissolve a polymer, when mixed, at certain ratios of these two solvents, are no longer able to dissolve the polymer. This phenomenon is in contrast to cosolvency where two solvents that are both poor at dissolving a material, but when the two poor solvents admixed, can form a mixed solvent capable of dissolving the material.
The first works of both experimental and theoretical about the cononsolvency effect were published in the late 1970s. Since then, numerous studies focused on a manifold of different polymers that featured the cononsolvency effect in water and various organic cosolvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetone. Typically poly(acrylamide)s such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) show the cononsolvency effect, while this effect is also known for other homopolymers and for more complex systems e.g., diblock copolymer, polyelectrolytes, crosslinked microgels, micelles, and grafted polymer brushes. Recently, it was also shown that thermo-responsive thin films exhibit the cononsolvency effect in a mixed solvent vapor phase, which can be explained by a decreased volume phase transition temperature, the thin-film analogy of a lower critical solution temperature. These experimental studies are supported by a growing number of simulation studies.
After 45 years of research, the origin of the molecular mechanism behind the cononsolvency effect in a mixture of solvents remains not fully resolved yet. To date, researchers have considered various interactions between polymer and solvent/cosolvent as possible factors leading to the cononsolvency effect, such as competitive hydrogen bonding of the solvent and cosolvent with the polymer, hydrophobic hydration of particular functional groups of the polymer, cosolvent induced geometric frustration, excluded-volume interactions due to the surfactant-like behavior of amphiphilic cosolvents, as well as the three body effects, i.e., temporary bridging of one or more individual polymer chains by the cosolvent.
In literature, cononsolvency was reported almost exclusively for polymers in aqueous solution. This, however, does not mean that cononsolvency cannot happen in non-aqueous solutions. For example, poly(methyl methacrylate) shows the cononsolvency effect in the binary mixtures of two organic solvents (chlorobutane and amyl acetate).
# Drew Brads

Drew Brads (born August 12, 1999) is an American Rubik's cube speedsolver.

## Education

Brads graduated as valedictorian from Legacy Christian Academy in 2018. He received an MDiv from Cedarville University

## Rubik's Cube Competitions

Brads formerly held the world record single Pyraminx solve with his 1.32 second solve on 24 October 2015 at Lexington Fall 2015. He also formerly held six world record Pyraminx averages from 2014 to 2017.
Brads also held the North American record 3x3x3 solve, 4.76 seconds, set on 4 March 2017 at Bluegrass Spring 2017.
Brads is a 3-time US national Pyraminx champion, winning in2014, 2015, and 2017, and 2-time world Pyraminx world champion, winning in 2013 and 2017. Between 11 December 2011 and 30 July 2016 Brads competed in Pyraminx in 19 competitions, including two US National Championships, and took first in every round of competition. At US Nationals 2015, Brads won 3x3x3 and Skewb in addition to Pyraminx.
# Ramón Puerta

Federico Ramón Puerta (Spanish pronunciation: ; born 9 September 1951) is an Argentine Peronist politician who has served as a governor, national senator and deputy and briefly as President of Argentina in 2001.

## Biography

Puerta was born in Apóstoles, Misiones Province. He attended the Universidad Católica Argentina in Buenos Aires and qualified as a civil engineer. However, he entered the family business of the cultivation of yerba maté, and became a successful businessman and millionaire.
Puerta was elected a national deputy for Misiones in 1987. In 1991, he was elected Governor of Misiones Province, re-elected in 1995 and served until 1999. He followed the neo-liberal economic model of President Carlos Menem, including privatising the provincial bank of which his own grandfather had been a founder.
In 1999, he was re-elected to the Chamber of Deputies and in 2001 he was elected to the Senate. In November of that year, he was elected provisory president of the Argentine Senate, constitutionally third in line to the nation's presidency.
Puerta served as the acting head of the executive branch of the country for two days on 21–22 December 2001. He came to that position in his capacity as President Pro Tempore of the Senate and, as there was no vice president, he was next in line to the nation's highest office when President Fernando de la Rúa resigned amid rioting. A week after giving up the presidency, Puerta resigned as leader of the Senate in order to avoid retaking the presidency, following a second institutional crisis.
Puerta stood to be Governor of Misiones in 2003, but lost to his successor, Carlos Rovira. He retired from the Senate in 2005. He ran for governor of Misiones again in 2007, and was defeated in the October election, coming in third place with 15% of the vote.

## Personal life

Puerta is unmarried and has two children.
# Maria Scutti

Maria Scutti (August 1928 - 2005) was an Italian paralympic athlete who won 15 medals, ten of which were gold, at the 1960 Summer Paralympics in Rome.
Nicknamed the "golden woman" (donna d'oro) thanks to these successes, Maria Scutti is the athlete who got the highest number of medals in a single edition of the Paralympic Games (in four different sports), and the second Italian athlete for total number of medals won, behind Roberto Marson (26 medals in 4 editions).

## Biography

Maria Scutti was born in August 1928 in Altino, in the province of Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy. Married and mother of two children, in 1957, at the age of 29, she lost the use of her legs following a road accident while driving a motorcycle-van. During her rehabilitation after hospitalization at the center for paraplegics in Ostia, she discovered a passion for sports and in 1958 began to compete in many disciplines.
Scutti competed in the 1960 Summer Paralympics in her home country, Italy. She entered eleven throwing events in athletics, winning nine of them and coming third in the remaining two. She won a gold in swimming for the 50 m breaststroke as well as a silver in the 50 m backstroke. Scutti also won silver medals in both wheelchair fencing and table tennis. These accomplishments mean that Scutti is one of the most successful Paralympians at a single Games.
Ended the sporting career in 1962 with budget of 22 gold medals, 9 silver medals, and 2 bronze medals, Scutti died in 2005 at the age of 77 years old.
# Sue Munson

Sue Munson is a Surrey-based English artist.

## Biography

Born in England Munson has travelled extensively and uses travel and observation as a means to supplement her knowledge of art. She has studied in North America, and during the nineties travelled to India to study textiles. It was during this time Munson made the switch from working on fabric to working on other supports to express her ideas. Her work has been largely experimental taking inspiration from the great mark makers of the 20th century.

### Style and Mediums

Munson’s work focuses on the dichotomy of human nature. The abstract represents the fun, free almost noisy side of the brain, while the minimal represents a more contemplative approach. Within these two genres a dialogue takes place, interpretation of which is left to the viewer.
Although conveying simplicity, Munson’s paintings are built in layers, using acrylics, sprays and pens but making very little use of brushes. Paintings are worked on canvas, archival board or paper. Munson’s latest work pays tribute to Family Domesticity, and Friendship, and the art of keeping it simple. Munson is an advocate of continuous learning, and offers inspiration through her workshops and study days.

### Exhibitions

Current:
* Current minimal work can be viewed at Dynamite Gallery Brighton.
* Four Walls Art Hove East Sussex
* Amanda Aldous Fine Art Hampshire
* Arundel Contemporary, 53 High Street, Arundel, BN18 9AJ
Past: Royal West of England Academy Open 2018 Porthmeor Studios September 2018 Sunbury Gallery - Diverse PalletsRoyal Academy Sumer Exhibition 2017 Flux Exhibition Chelsea 2017
* Flux, Brick Lane (November 2016)
* The Barge Warehouse, Southbank
* Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2015
* Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2016
* Draw To Abstraction, Orleans House Gallery
* The Affordable Art Fair, Battersea
* Cork Street Open Exhibition (2011,2012,2013
* McAllister Thomas Gallery (2011,2012)
* Chelsea Arts Fair* Chelsea Arts Society
* Society of Women Artists (2010)
* The Walled Garden Gallery, Sunbury-On-Thames
* The Charles Street Gallery, Beaufort South Carolina
* Spring Island Showcase, South Carolina
* The Royal West of England Academy Open Exhibition
* Battersea Arts Fair
* Caveleiro Finn, Herne Hill
# Akke Rahman

Aklakur Rahman (Bengali: আখলাকুর রহমান), better known as Akke Rahman, is a British Bangladeshi mountaineer. In October 2020 he broke the UK record for climbing Mount Elbrus, reaching the summit in less than 24 hours. In May 2022, he became the first British Muslim to climb Mount Everest.

## Early life and education

Aklakur Rahman (Akke) was born on 5 October 1982 to a Bengali Muslim family in Jagannathpur, Sunamganj, Bangladesh. He has ten siblings. Akke was raised in the United Kingdom where he completed his education.

## Charity ascents

In July 2020, Akke climbed Mount Kilimanjaro and Mont Blanc, raising £5,000 for Westwood High School in Oldham.
In October 2020, Akke climbed Mount Elbrus without acclimatisation in less than 24 hours, five days after recovering from coronavirus. On this ascent he raised money for the Global Relief Trust.
Akke's first attempt to climb Mount Elbrus was in September 2019. The attempt was abandoned due to dangerous weather conditions, however he still raised more than £2500 to build wells in Bangladesh.
In May 2022, he climbed Mount Everest, becoming the first British Muslim to make the ascent and raising over $100,000 for 'Peak Humanity' charities supporting destitute families in Afghanistan, Syria and Burma.
# The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band is the debut studio album by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, released in 1967. This album debuted on the U.S. Billboard Top Pop Albums chart on April 8, 1967, peaked at number 161, and was on the charts for eight weeks. The single "Buy for Me the Rain" b/w "Candy Man" debuted on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on April 8, 1967, peaked at number 45 on May 6, 1967, and was on the charts for seven weeks. In Canada, the single reached number 37 in May 1967.

## Content

The album liner notes were written by Tiger Beat magazine feature editor Ann Moses. It focused mostly on what the members look like, nicknames, and personalities.
Two of the songs were written by Jackson Browne, who was a member of the group for a short period. He left before the recording of this album.

## Track listing

* "Buy for Me the Rain" (Steve Noonan, Greg Copeland) – 2:23
* "Euphoria" (Charlie Ventura, Roy Kral) – 1:27
* "Melissa" (Jackson Browne) – 2:17
* "You Took the Happiness (Out of My Head)" (Russ Regan) – 2:25
* "Hard Hearted Hannah (The Vamp of Savannah)" (Jack Yellen, Milton Ager, Robert Wilcox Bigelow, Charles Bates) – 2:10
* "Holding" (Jackson Browne) – 2:38
* "Song to Jutta" (Bruce Kunkel) – 2:35
* "Candy Man" (Rev. Gary Davis) – 2:29
* "Dismal Swamp" (John McEuen, William E. McEuen) – 1:55
* "I Wish I Could Shimmy Like My Sister Kate" (Armand J. Piron) – 1:50
* "Crazy Words, Crazy Tune" (Jack Yellen, Milton Ager) – 1:27
* "You're Gonna Get It in the End" (Michael Takamatsu, Jim Hendricks, Fred Olson) – 2:28

## Personnel
### The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band

* Bruce "Spider Bones" Kunkel – guitar, kazoo, washtub bass
* Jeff "Spunky Duff" Hanna – washboard, sandblocks, guitar, comb, kazoo, Phinius
* Jimmy "Starch Harpo" Fadden – harmonica, washtub bass, Phinius, kazoo, cigarette
* "Raucous" Ralph Barr – guitar, kazoo, washtub bass, bubbles
* Les "Totally" Thompson – mandolin, kazoo, washtub bass, Phinius
* John "King O' Banjo" McEuen – banjo, washtub bass
* James SK Wān – slide whistle

### Technical

* Armin Steiner - engineer
* John Stewart, William E. McEuen - photography
# Alison Evans

Alison Evans is a British economist. She is director general of Independent Evaluation Group at the World Bank Group since January 2019. Before her current role, Evans was the Chief Commissioner of the UK's Independent Commission for Aid Impact (ICAI) based in London, England, where she led the evolution of that organization's scrutiny mandate. Prior to joining ICAI, she was executive director of the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) in the United Kingdom.
For six years, Evans was a senior economist at the World Bank, and a member of the team producing the World Development Report 1997, as well as a senior evaluation specialist in the World Bank Operations Evaluation Department (former name for the Independent Evaluation Group).
She earned a Ph.D. in development studies from the University of Sussex and a master's degree in economics and politics from the University of Cambridge.
Evans has served as a trustee on multiple boards, including Oxford Policy Management, BBC Media Action, The Christian Michelsen Institute (CMI), The Baring Foundation and Social Finance UK.
# Forney, Kansas

Forney is a ghost town in Osborne County, Kansas, United States.

## History

Forney was a private tin and wood grain elevator erected in 1901 by Aaron H. Forney on his farm in southeastern Penn Township, along the railroad passing through his property. It was taken down in the 1980s. Because there was an elevator, people assumed for many years that there was a former town at the site, but this is incorrect. The closest thing to a settlement or community in the region was a mile north of the Forney elevator, where in the early 1870s Alfred N. Fritchey tried to establish the townsite of Fritchey City, but failed in the attempt.
# Project Malabaricus

Project Malabaricus is an Indian independent music band from Kerala formed in 2017 by popular playback singer Sithara Krishnakumar. The band has been noted for exploring socially and culturally relevant narratives through their music. They have performed at over 250 stages, globally, since their inception. The band's debut indie project Rithu has the distinction to be the first album in Malayalam mixed in Dolby Atmos.

## Formation

Over the years Sithara Krishnakumar has collaborated with various popular musical bands in Kerala as well as collaborated in many stage shows, which include international shows as well. In 2014, she formed a musical band Eastraga, which focuses on a mix of female-oriented songs backed by a team of renowned musicians. Following a series of successful performances and covers with Eastraga, Sithara formed Project Malabaricus in 2017 with Liboy Praisly Kripesh to explore the horizons her interest in folk and fusion. Project Malabaricus, the 6 member band, is an independent venture that features contemporarised folk and classical songs. Collaborating with popular lyricists in the Malayalam music industry, Project Malabaricus releases originals that also explore various pertinent narratives such as women empowerment, Malabar folklore, environmental conservation, human resilience and cultural diversity. The band debuted with their album Rithu as Music Mojo Originals

## Members

* Sithara Krishnakumar – Lead vocalist & founder
* Srinath Nair – Keyboard & vocals
* Liboy Praisly Kripesh – Rhythm guitar & founder
* Ajay Krishnan – Bass guitar
* Vijo Job – Lead guitar
* Midhun Paul – Drums

## Notable Discography

| Year | Song | Lyricist | Notes |
| 2017 | Rithu | B K Harinarayanan | Music Mojo Original |
| 2018 | Iniyenthinu | Manu Manjith | Music Mojo Original |
| 2019 | Arutharuthu | B K Harinarayanan | Debut Project named Rithu. First Songs in Malayalam to be mixed on Dolby Atmos. |
| 2019 | Pilleranu | B K Harinarayanan | Debut Project named Rithu. First Songs in Malayalam to be mixed on Dolby Atmos. |
| 2019 | Chaayapattu | Muhsin Parari | Debut Project named Rithu. First Songs in Malayalam to be mixed on Dolby Atmos. |
| 2020 | Viswamake | Manu Manjith | COVID-19 Lock Down Project. Also known as Song of Valor. |
| 2021 | Kurayunilla | Kabir Ibrahim | Thodi project |
| 2021 | Paribhavam | Kabir Ibrahim | Thodi project |
| 2023 | Mohabbat | Malayalam by B K Harinarayanan | Bilingual Song |
| 2023 | Mohabbat | Tamil by Sangeeth Ravindran | Bilingual Song |
| 2023 | Onam Thiruvonam | B K Harinarayanan |
| 2024 | Bhagavathi | Dr. Sajish M | |

## Notable Shows

* Dubai Expo 2020
* Indiegaga Music Festival 2019
* South Side Story music Festival 2022 & 2023
* Kochi Biennale Closing Ceremony 2023
* High on music - USA, Canada, Australia, Uk, Ireland
* Urdu Festival
* International Indie Music Festival Kovalam 2022
# Diesel-Zarlatti locomotive

The Diesel-Zarlatti locomotive was a prototype railway locomotive, built in Italy in 1929, which adopted a hybrid diesel-steam transmission system.

## History

In the 1920s, there was a search for alternatives to the steam locomotive for railway traction, to reduce cost and improve efficiency. The main alternatives were railway electrification or the use of an internal combustion engine, such as the diesel engine.
A disadvantage of the internal combustion engine was the need for a transmission system. One option to be explored was the conversion of an existing steam locomotive by fitting a diesel engine and an air compressor to supply compressed air to the existing steam cylinders. This was the constructive principle on which the Zarlatti locomotive was based. It may be seen as a development of the earlier Mekarski system.
Between 1928 and 1929 FS steam locomotive number 910.042 was modified at the Royal Arsenal of La Spezia to test the system, which was based on the patents of the inventors Fausto Zarlatti and Umberto Simoni. If the system had been a success, it could have led to the modification of a large number of FS steam locomotives and the avoidance of the need to build new locomotives.
The tests took place on the Rome–Lido railway from 6 April to 25 April 1929 with 16 round-trip pairs. The maximum speed reached with a tail load of 101 tonnes was 74 km/h. The experiment had some success but there were problems: On 17 April, the piston of the engine water circulation pump broke and on 23 April a pipe attached to the Westinghouse brake compressor became detached. The experiment, for these reasons, was not pursued.

## Technical features

The boiler and superstructure were removed from the locomotive in the arsenal workshop at La Spezia but the original compound expansion steam cylinders were left in place. A six-cylinder, two-stroke, diesel engine built by Fiat-San Giorgio was installed. This engine produced 325 hp at 450 rpm and drove a rotary compressor, built by a Swiss company in Winterthur, which delivered compressed air at 8 bar pressure. A small naphtha-fired boiler with a heating surface of 52 square metres was also installed for the production of steam. Cooling water from the engine and compressor was fed into the boiler at about 70 °C. For cold starting, the boiler was used to preheat the diesel engine. When the locomotive started from rest, the original steam cylinders were fed with steam alone, but when running they were powered by a mixture of steam and compressed air. The steam was needed to prevent the cylinders icing up, because compressed air cools when it expands.
# Valeriy Pereshkura

Valeriy Pereshkura (born 20 September 1977) is a Ukrainian gymnast. He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics winning a silver medal in the men's artistic team all-around event.
# There She Goes Again (Marshall Crenshaw song)

"There She Goes Again" is a 1982 song by American rock musician Marshall Crenshaw. The song was released on his 1982 debut album, Marshall Crenshaw. Lyrically, the song was written about seeing a girl from one's window as she passes by in a car, an image that Crenshaw later said was inspired by his youth.
"There She Goes Again" was released as the album's second single in the US. It has since become one of Crenshaw's most famous songs. It has since seen positive critical reception and has become a live favorite, often in a slower style.

## Background

According to Crenshaw, "There She Goes Again" was inspired by memories of his youth, which he characterized as a time when "everything took place in cars." Described by Crenshaw as "a pretty typical subject for a rock and roll song," the song lyrically focuses on seeing a girl pass by through a window. He explained,
   I thought of this one window in somebody's house, and once in a while a car would go by with a girl in it, and it's, like, 'Oh, there she goes again.' You know, there's always a lot of drama going on in your life when you're a kid, and you have some mobility, getting out in the world.
Crenshaw praised bassist Chris Donato's performance on the song, saying, "He plays really well. I liked it ... he did a nice job on that one."

## Release and reception

In the United States, "There She Goes Again" was released as the second single from Crenshaw's debut album in September 1982. The B-side of the American single was "The Usual Thing," another song from the Marshall Crenshaw album. The single reached number 10 on the Billboard Bubbling Under charts in the US, becoming a radio hit on college circuits. The song has also appeared on the compilation album This Is Easy: The Best of Marshall Crenshaw.
Since its release, "There She Goes Again" has seen critical acclaim. Brett Anderson of The Washington Post said the song "is a typical love song for the young songwriter, joyous-sounding and even-keeled in spite of the longing that inspired it." Entertainment Weekly praised the song's "skiffle step" and named it one of the songs on Crenshaw's first two albums that "sound as invigorating as ever." Mike Long of The Denver Post called it one "the killers from his self-titled debut," while Roger Catlin of The Hartford Courant named it as a "great song." The Rockaway Times named it as one of his "standout tracks."

## Live history

In live performances, Crenshaw often performs the song in a slower style. He explained, "I cut the time in half, like I'm doing with a bunch of songs — not to slow it down, but to reinterpret it from a groove standpoint." Crenshaw said of the song, "I still really dig playing [it]." Live versions of the song have appeared on the live albums Live …My Truck Is My Home and I've Suffered for My Art...Now It's Your Turn. A live version of the track performed with the Bottle Rockets in Chicago has been released on the I Don't See You Laughing Now EP. Crenshaw used a Stratocaster on this live version for its "glassy, ringing sound."

## Charts

| Chart (1982) | Peak position |
| US (Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100) | 10 |
# I Don't Wanna Lose Your Love

"I Don't Wanna Lose Your Love" is a song written by Joey Carbone and recorded by the American country music artist Crystal Gayle. It was released in February 1984 as the second single from the album Cage the Songbird. The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.
Mickey Gilley released a version on his album "You Really Got A Hold on Me" in 1984.
The song was originally sung by John O'Banion in 1982, titled "I Don't Want to Lose Your Love". He won the grand prize for the song at the 1982 Tokyo Music Festival.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1984) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 2 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 15 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1984) | Position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 28 |