OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# New-York American, for the Country

The New-York American, also known as the New York American, for the Country, was a semi-weekly (and sometimes an evening daily) newspaper published in New York City from 1819 to 1845. The first issue appeared in March 1819 under the title The American, under which name it published for its first two years. Shortly after its establishment it became one of the "front rank" of media outlets of the period. The key editors were Charles King and David Johnston Verplanck. Another key editor was Charles Fenno Hoffman (1830–33), who signed some of his articles with an asterisk. James A. Hamilton, son of Alexander Hamilton, was reportedly involved at the beginning. As of 1837, their offices were at 74 Cedar Street in what is now the Financial District.
The N.Y. American typically supported Republican, National Republican, and Whig candidates for office. The paper was an "important" voice for John Quincy Adams in 1828.
# Hubert Houben

Hubert Houben (24 February 1898 – 9 November 1956) was a German sprinter who competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics. He won a silver medal in the 4 × 100 m relay, together with Georg Lammers, Richard Corts and Helmut Körnig, and failed to reach the final of individual 100 m event.

## Biography

Houben played football and trained in gymnastics and swimming before changing to sprint running. On 16 August 1924 he won the 100 m event at the Germany-United States meet, defeating Olympic champions Loren Murchison and Charley Paddock. He missed the 1924 Olympics, as Germany was banned from those Games because of its role in World War I. In the 4 × 100 m relay final at the 1928 Olympics the German team was leading the race, but Houben and Körnig had to slow down to avoid a faulty exchange. That relay team set a world record later in 1928. Houben did not compete at the 1936 Olympics, but was invited as a guest of honor.
Houben won the British AAA Championships title in the 220 yards event and finished second behind fellow German Helmut Körnig in the 100 yards event at the British 1927 AAA Championships.
During his career Houben won 9 national sprint titles and set 10 world and 14 European records. He took jobs of a bank employer, sports journalist, and a city hall official, and also ran his sporting goods shop. He died from throat cancer aged 58. The Hubert-Houben-Arena in Krefeld and the Hubert-Houben-Stadium in Goch carry his name.
# Stamp World London 1990

Stamp World London 90 was an international stamp exhibition held 3-13 May 1990 at the Alexandra Palace, London.
The exhibition celebrated the 150th anniversary of the introduction of adhesive postage stamps, the first two being the Uniform Penny Post and the Penny Black. The centennial of this event occurred in 1940, and any celebration was overshadowed by the reality of World War II. Commemorative stamps were issued by several countries coinciding with this exhibition.

## Handstamp

Special handstamps were issued for each day of the exhibition for use on First Day Covers (FDC). 11 in total were issued:
* Opening day
* International day
* Aerophilatelic day
* Penny Black Day
* Youth Day
* Universal Postal Union day
* British Islands Day
* Philatelic Literature Day
* Postal History Day
* Thematic Day
* FIP Day

## Palmares

The Grand Prix went to the following exhibits:
* Grand Prix d'Honneur: Christian Sundman (Finland) for "Finland: 1638-1885".
* Grand Prix International: 'Batavia' (U.K.) for "South Africa: Triangular Issues of the Cape Of Good Hope".
* Grand Prix National: Hassan Shaida (U.K.) for "Queen Victoria: The Birth of The World's First Postage Stamps".
The FIP Medal was awarded to Gary S. Ryan for his monograph "The Cancellations of Hungarian Post Offices on the First Issue of Hungary 1867-1871".
# Premier of British Columbia

The premier of British Columbia is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s, the title prime minister of British Columbia was often used. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".

## Legal status

Although the premier is the day-to-day leader of the provincial government, they receive the authority to govern from the Crown (represented in British Columbia by the province's lieutenant governor). Formally, the executive branch of government in British Columbia is said to be vested in the lieutenant governor acting by and with the advice and consent of the executive council.
The position of premier is not described in Canadian constitutional statutes. By convention, the leader of the political party that has the support of a majority of members of the Legislative Assembly is usually invited by the lieutenant governor to form the government.

## Formal responsibilities

The responsibilities of the premier usually include:
* recommending the appointment and dismissal of ministers to the Lieutenant Governor
* serving as the president of the Executive Council and head of the provincial Cabinet.
* leading the development and implementation of government policies and priorities
* serving as the senior communicator of government priorities and plans between:
** the Lieutenant Governor and Cabinet
** the British Columbia government and other provincial and territorial governments
** the British Columbia Government and the federal government and international governments

## President of the Executive Council

Generally, the premier selects MLAs from their party to be appointed ministers of the Crown by the Lieutenant Governor. Cabinet appointees are designated ministers in charge of government ministries; they are responsible for the day-to-day activities of individual government ministries such as the Ministry of Forests, and for proposing new laws or changing existing ones. The premier may also choose an individual who is not an MLA to be a cabinet minister, although on the rare occasion that this does happen, the practice is that the minister proceeds to obtain a seat in the House. The appointment of an MLA to Cabinet is based on their ability and expertise and is also influenced by political considerations such as geography, gender and ethnicity.
A minister remains in office solely at the pleasure of the premier. The resignation of the premier also triggers the resignation of the other members of Cabinet.
# Robert Lelangue

Robert Lelangue (born 4 February 1940) is a retired Belgian cyclist who was active between 1958 and 1969. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in the road race and finished in 49th place. Next year he turned professional and won one stage of the Tour de Luxembourg. Later he won a few races, including the Four Days of Dunkirk (1963), six-day race of Montreal (1964) and the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens (1967).
After retiring from competitions Lelangue worked as a cycling manager, and from 1986 to 2005 as a technical support staff with the Tour de France. His son John became a manager in cycling.
# Maple Cross and Mill End

51°38′02″N 0°29′31″W﻿ / ﻿51.634°N 0.492°W﻿ / 51.634; -0.492
Maple Cross and Mill End is a ward in Three Rivers, in England, the United Kingdom. It is located in the far south-west Hertfordshire, in the East of England region. The ward includes the eponymous villages of Maple Cross and Mill End, lying between Chorleywood West to the north; Penn, Rickmansworth, and Harefield to the east; and Chalfont St. Giles and Chalfont Common to the west.
As one of the more populous wards in the district, with an electorate of 3,931, including West Hyde, and increasing to 5,602 at the 2011 Census, the ward elects three members to the Three Rivers District Council. For elections to Hertfordshire County Council, Maple Cross and Mill End is part of the Rickmansworth constituency, represented by the Conservative Barbara Lamb. For elections to the House of Commons, it is in the South West Hertfordshire constituency, represented by David Gauke, also of the Conservatives.
# 1st Minnesota Cavalry Regiment

The 1st Minnesota Cavalry Regiment, also known as the Mounted Rangers, was a Minnesota USV mounted infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
The companies of the regiment were initially mustered in between October and December 1862 at St. Cloud, St. Peter and Fort Snelling for three month's service which was extended to a year. Thirty to forty men from the Renville Rangers militia volunteered at Fort Snelling when their militia was decommissioned by joining the company raised from Faribault County. The Minnesota Mounted Rangers served entirely in Minnesota and the Dakota Territory in response the hostile Santee Sioux. The men were mustered out between October and December 1863.

## Battles and campaigns

* Sibley's Expedition against Indians in Dakota Territory, June 16 to September 14, 1863.
* Battle of Big Mound, July 24, 1863.
* Battle of Dead Buffalo Lake, July 26, 1863.
* Battle of Stony Lake, July 28, 1863.
* Operations along the Missouri River, July 28 to 30, 1863.

## Colonels

* Samuel McPhaill

## Casualties and total strength

The 1st Minnesota Cavalry lost two officers and four enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds received in battle. An additional 31 enlisted men died of disease. Total fatalities were 37.
# Square Rock Dipping Vat

The Square Rock Dipping Vat is a historic former cattle dipping facility in Ouachita National Forest, northeast of Waldron, Arkansas. It is located south of Square Rock Creek, off a forest road that runs south from County Road 94. It is a partially buried U-shaped concrete structure, with a concrete pad at one end, through which cattle were directed to dip them with chemical treatment for Texas tick fever. A barbed-wire holding pen of uncertain age stands nearby. It is believed to have been built about 1920, and was probably used until 1943, when the disease was determined to have been eradicated.
The vat was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.
# NTA Abuja

NTA Abuja is a television station in Abuja, FCT, owned by the Nigerian Television Authority. It operates the VHF station of the same name on channel 5 and a UHF outlet (NTA Plus, channel 21).

## History

With its transmitter located at Suleja, NTA Abuja conducted test transmissions on October 12, 1981 and started full-time transmissions on January 27, 1982. The role of NTA Abuja was to eventually become the station for the national capital, which was only achieved in 1987. By the early 90s, years after the relocation of the capital, there were plans to enlarge its editorial presence, especially since its size by the time the president moved in December 1991 was still minimal. For 1992, NTA Abuja intended to build a larger studio with an editing suite, cameras and other equipment. The station was already equipped with DOMSAT in order to send news items locally and later filed nationally using the system for sending the stories to Lagos and the NTA Network News. The station as of 1992 had a 10 kW transmitter and operated from 4pm to midnight.
# Michael Möllenbeck

Michael Friedrich Möllenbeck (12 December 1969 – 2 November 2022) was a German discus thrower.
Möllenbeck's greatest achievements were two World Championship bronze medals, and his bronze at the 2005 World Championships was especially welcome as Germany struggled to win medals. His personal best throw was 67.64 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Dortmund. This ranks him seventh among German discus throwers, behind Jürgen Schult, Lars Riedel, Wolfgang Schmidt, Armin Lemme, Hein-Direck Neu and Alwin Wagner.
Möllenbeck married fellow discus thrower Anja Gündler in 1996. He died on 2 November 2022, at the age of 52.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing West Germany |||||
| 1988 | World Junior Championships | Sudbury, Canada | 9th | 49.30 m |
| Representing Germany |||||
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 6th | 64.90 m |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 10th | 63.14 m |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 3rd | 67.61 m |
| 2002 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 3rd | 66.37 m |
| 2002 | World Cup | Madrid, Spain | 4th | 64.57 m |
| 2003 | World Championships | Paris, France | 5th | 66.23 m |
| 2003 | World Athletics Final | Monte Carlo, Monaco | 5th | 64.36 m |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | 20th | 59.79 m |
| 2005 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 3rd | 65.95 m |
| 2005 | World Athletics Final | Monte Carlo, Monaco | 8th | 59.27 m |
| 2006 | European Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 5th | 64.82 m |
| 2006 | World Athletics Final | Stuttgart, Germany | 7th | 61.75 m |
# Israr Ahmed (squash player)

Israr Ahmed (born on 16 November 1997 in Lahore) is a Pakistani professional squash player. As of March 2021, he was ranked number 90 in the world and No. 2 in Pakistan. He is the winner of the 2012 British Junior Open Squash championship, in the U-15 category.
# The Heart of the World

The Heart of the World is a Canadian short film written and directed by Guy Maddin, produced for the 2000 Toronto International Film Festival. Maddin was one of a number of directors (including Atom Egoyan and David Cronenberg) commissioned to make four-minute short films that would screen prior to the various feature films at the 2000 festival as part of the special Preludes program. After hearing rumours that other directors were planning films with a small number of shots, Maddin decided that his film would instead contain over 100 shots per minute, and enough plot for a feature-length film. Maddin then wrote and shot The Heart of the World in the style of Russian constructivism, taking the commission at its literal face value, as a call to produce a propaganda film. Even in its expanded, 6-minute version, The Heart of the World runs at a breakneck speed, averaging roughly two shots per second, a pace intensified by the background music, Time, Forward! by Georgy Sviridov.

## Plot summary

The plot of The Heart of the World concerns two brothers, Osip and Nikolai, who compete for the love of the same woman: Anna, a state scientist studying the Earth's core. Anna discovers that the heart of the world is in danger of a fatal heart attack (which would mean the end of the world), and the brothers compete amongst the public panic. Nikolai is a mortician and tries to impress Anna with assembly-line embalming, while Osip is an actor playing Christ in the Passion Play and tries to impress Anna through his suffering. Anna is instead seduced by an evil capitalist, but has a change of heart and strangles the plutocrat, then slides down into the heart of the world, where she manages to save the world from destruction by transforming into cinema itself, the world's "new and better heart — Kino!"

## Cast

Leslie Bais as Anna
Caelum Vatnsdal as Osip
Shaun Balbar as Nikolai
Greg Klymkiw as Akmatov

## Awards and nominations

Genie Award:
* Win: Best Live Action Short Film
Aspen Shortsfest:
* Win: Best Cinematography
Brussels International Festival of Fantasy Film:
* Win: Special Mention – Short Film
Miami Film Festival:
* Win: FIPRESCI Prize, Best Short Subject
National Society of Film Critics Awards
* Win: Best Experimental Film—the same award Maddin won in 1991 for Archangel.
San Francisco International Film Festival
* Win: Film & Video – Short Narrative, Golden Gate Award – Guy Maddin
# Jeannot Hoffmann

Jeannot Hoffmann (born 25 March 1934) is a Luxembourgish footballer. He played in eight matches for the Luxembourg national football team from 1961 to 1963.
# Ludwig Müller (runner)

Ludwig Müller (25 January 1932 – 26 January 2022) was a German long-distance runner.
Following a double victory in the 5000 and 10,000 metres at a West Germany–USSR athletic meet in Augsburg, Müller earned the nickname "the hero from Augsburg". He finished twelfth in the 5000 metres at the 1958 European Championships, sixth in the 3000 metres steeplechase at the 1960 Summer Olympics, and competed at the 1962 European Championships without reaching the final.
At the West German championships, Müller won the 5000 metres in 1958 as well as won two additional medals. He also became national cross-country champion (long race) in 1959 and 1960, and won a solitary bronze medal in the 10,000 metres. He lastly became steeplechase champion in 1963, winning two additional steeplechase medals. He represented the sports clubs Weseler TV until 1959, FSV Frankfurt until 1961, and KSV Hessen Kassel from 1962. Indoors, he became national 3000 metres champion in 1959 and won three additional medals. His personal best steeplechase time was 8:44.0 minutes, achieved in 1960.
Müller died in Kassel on 26 January 2022, at the age of 90.
# 1992 Sudanese coup attempt

In March 1992, a coup d'état attempt was led by Colonel Ahmed Khaled who was a sympathiser of the Sudanese Ba'ath Party. The coup was quickly crushed and the leaders of the attempt were imprisoned by Omar al-Bashir, who took power in the 1989 coup d'état.
# Lampropholis couperi

Lampropholis couperi, commonly known as the plain-backed sunskink, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Queensland, Australia.

## Etymology

The specific name, couperi, is in honour of Australian herpetologist Patrick J. Couper.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of L. couperi is forest.

## Reproduction

L. couperi, is oviparous.
# Geistervariationen

The Geistervariationen (Ghost Variations), or Theme and Variations in E-flat major for piano, WoO 24, composed in 1854, is the last piano work of Robert Schumann. The variations were composed in the time leading up to his admission to an asylum for the insane and are infrequently played or recorded today.

## History

This was Schumann's last work before he was admitted to the mental hospital in Bonn-Endenich. Wolf-Dieter Seiffert wrote in the preface to Thema mit Variationen (Geistervariation) that at this time of his life, Schumann believed that he was surrounded by spirits who played him music, both "wonderful" and "hideous". They offered him "most magnificent revelations", but also threatened to send him to Hell. Seiffert goes on to write that on 17 or 18 February 1854, Schumann wrote down a theme he said was dictated to him by voices like those of angels. He did not recognize that it was actually a theme which he had composed previously. Several days later, he wrote a set of variations on this theme. While he was still working on the composition, on 27 February he suddenly threw himself half clothed into the freezing Rhine river, from which he was rescued and returned home. After surviving the suicide attempt, he continued to work on it. The next day, he completed the work and sent the manuscript to his wife, Clara, who had left him the night before, on the advice of a doctor.

## Form

* Theme – Leise, innig (Quiet, earnest)
* Variation I
* Variation II – Canonisch (Like a canon)
* Variation III – Etwas belebter (Somewhat more animated)
* Variation IV
* Variation V

## Works which quote WoO 24

* Brahms: Variations on a Theme of Robert Schumann, piano four hands, Op. 23
* Aribert Reimann: Seven Fragments for Orchestra in memory of Robert Schumann (1988)
* Tori Amos: "Your Ghost" (Night of Hunters, 2011)
# Former Texas State Guard Association Medal

The State Guard Association of Texas Medal, formerly known as the Texas State Guard Association Medal, is a medal within the awards and decorations of the State Guard Association of Texas that may be awarded to a member of the Texas Military Forces. This includes Air National Guard, Army National Guard, and State Guard.

## Use

The medal was first presented for previous membership in the Texas State Guard Association. Life members of the association wear the hourglass device with the award.
The medal is now presented for current membership in the State Guard Association of Texas using the original design as an homage to the legacy of the Texas State Guard Association that the State Guard Association of Texas carries forward.
# Miko Äijänen

Miko Äijänen (born 18 July 1997 in Järvenpää) is a Finnish professional squash player. As of December 2019, he was ranked number 91 in the world. He is in the Finnish national team.
On 17 February 2019, Miko Äijänen won gold medal in the Finnish National Championships.
# Lady Cam

Camille Louise Blouin, better known by her stage name Lady Cam, is an American rapper, model and actress. Lady Cam is from Dallas, Texas.

## Career

Over the years Lady Cam has been published in both online and print magazines and has appeared on the cover of Hood Critic and others. Lady Cam has opened for acts such as Juvenile of Cash Money, Shawnna formerly of DTP, Webbie, Cupied, Lil' Flip, Lil Cali and Foxx.
Lady Cam won an award for "Best Female rapper" at the On the Grind Magazine awards, held in Florida.

## Acting

Lady Cam took a shot at acting in the late 2000s. She is credited for her roles in Beautiful Creatures (2013), Blues for Life (2016) and Mississippi Turntup (2017).

## Discography
### Independent Albums

* Cam Effect: Reloaded (2011)
* Get It Got It (2014)
* The Wilderness (2023)

### EPs

* Crosslines (2016)
* Before the Wilderness (2018)
# SH5

SH5, SH-5, or similar may refer to:
* Harbin SH-5, an amphibious aircraft
* Sheremetev Sh-5, a 1930s sailplane
* Siemens-Halske Sh 5, a 1920s aircraft engine
* Silent Hill: Homecoming, a video game
* Silent Hunter 5: Battle of the Atlantic, a video game
* Slaughterhouse-Five, a novel by Kurt Vonnegut
* State Highway 5, see List of highways numbered 5
* SuperH 5, a RISC instruction set
# Barabigha

Barabigha is a small village in Nalanda district of Bihar. It is situated about 10 km north-east of Hilsa. Lohanda-Ramghat state highway connects this village by road. The nearest railway stations are Lohanda and Hilsa. Its post office is at Bhobhi. The nearby villages include Bhobhi,sakrorha, Raghunathpur, Bhurkur, Dariyapur etc. Barabigha comes under Hilsa block. Hilsa is one of the four sub-divisions of Nalanda district of Bihar. Most of the residents of the village are farmers.

## Introduction

Barabigha is one of the underdeveloped village in Nalanda district. Cultivation, Business and Service are main employment source of the youth of this village. The main crops of this village is paddy, wheat and some rabi crops also. Many of the youngsters of this village is on great post on their respective fields. This village falls in the Hilsa sub-division. Bhobhi is the police station and the local post office is Bhobhi . This village is fall into the Nadaha panchayat. Although, the residents of Barbigha belongs to many casts, a large number of people are Kurmi(Mahto). Although the residents of this village are quite familiar with language "HINDI", but majority of them prefer to speak the local language "MAGAHI".

## Development

This village is one of the underdeveloped village in the Nalanda district of state Bihar. This village is still lacking from the good facility of electricity, transportation etc. Although you can get good outdoor coverage of Airtel, Vodafone and Reliance for mobile communication.

## Education

There are one middle schools and a no high school in Barabigha.

## Summary

* Cast: Kurmi(in majority) and other casts.
* Crops: Paddy, Wheat, Potato, Onion, Maize etc.
* Location: Latitude: 25°20'46.49" N Longitude: 85°19'39.15" E
# Michael Schröder

Michael Schröder (born 10 November 1959) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He works as a scout for Hamburger SV.

## Honours

Hamburger SV
* European Cup: 1982–83
* UEFA Cup: runner-up 1981–82
* Bundesliga: 1981–82, 1982–83
VfB Stuttgart
* UEFA Cup: runner-up 1988–89