OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yoruba country

Yoruba country was a West African ethno-region located within the continent of Africa which was first introduced to the Western world in text in the 19th century through the writings of visitors who documented their voyages through West Africa, particularly through those who visited the region geographically bounded by the Volta river to its west and bounded by the Benin river on its eastern edge and inhabited by the Yoruba people. The date of its founding is uncertain but by the 19th century to early 20th century, visitors from England were able to give accounts of its geographical and cultural traits and classification in published works, including the Encyclopædia Britannica.

## Geography

The area is bordered by the Niger River to its east, the same river (once called the Quorra) to its north, the kingdom of Dahomey to its southwest, and the Bight of Benin to its south from which it spread to within 40 miles of the Niger. The area at the end of the 19th century bordered Bariba Country to the north, French Porto-Novo to the west.

## Descriptions

British explorer Alvan Milson under the Royal Geographical Society writes of the people within the region that they are self-sufficient people not requiring trade with the West and instead gain their resources from the north and east of their region, also engaging in trade from the Sahara. The Yoruba of the region are said to be a "peace-loving race, fairly industrious and who prefer working on farms and attending markets more than war". Modern facilities have reached the area, with regular weekly mail service by steam-launch between Lagos and Porto-Novo.
# Zbigniew Zarzycki

Zbigniew Zarzycki (born 8 September 1946) is a Polish former volleyball player and coach, a member of the Poland national team from 1968 to 1976. He won a gold medal at the Olympic Games Montreal 1976 and the 1974 World Championship.

## Honours
### As a player

* CEV European Champions Cup
** 1977–78 – with Płomień Milowice
* Domestic
** 1976–77 Polish Championship, with Płomień Milowice
** 1978–79 Polish Championship, with Płomień Milowice
# Lorie O'Clare

Lorie O'Clare is an American author of erotic romance, romantic suspense and paranormal romance novels.
The anthology Men of Danger, which featured her story “Love Me 'til Death,” was a New York Times bestseller.
# Andrzej Rojewski

Andrzej Rojewski (born 20 August 1985) is a Polish handball player. He is currently a free agent
# Josh Priebe

Josh Priebe (born July 30, 2001) is an American football offensive guard. He played college football for the Northwestern Wildcats and the Michigan Wolverines.

## Early life

Priebe was born on July 30, 2001, the son of Mark and Angie Priebe, and attended Edwardsburg High School in Edwardsburg, Michigan. He was rated as a three-star recruit and committed to play college football at Northwestern University over offers from Auburn, Ohio State, Miami, Michigan, Michigan State, and Tennessee.

## College career
### Northwestern

In 2020, Priebe's COVID-19 shortened freshman season, he played in eight games. In 2021, he started nine games. In 2022 and 2023, Priebe combined to start 20 games. He was named a third-team All-Big Ten selection in 2023. After the 2023 season he entered the NCAA transfer portal.
During his time at Northwestern University, Priebe played in 36 games, making 29 starts for the Wildcats.

### Michigan

In December 2023, Priebe transferred to the University of Michigan for his fifth and final season. He started all 13 games at left guard for the Wolverines in 2024, and was a third-team All-Big Ten selection for a consecutive season.
# Brian Siemann

Brian Siemann (born October 7, 1989) is an American T53 wheelchair racer.

## Early life and education

Siemann was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Millstone, New Jersey. He attended Notre Dame High School in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He then attended the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and majored in special education. He currently serves as a learning disabilities and ADHD specialist at his alma mater.

## Career

Siemann made his international debut for the United States at the 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships.
He represented the United States at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. He again represented the United States at the 2016 Summer Paralympics, and finished in fourth place in the 800 metres T53 event, with a time of 1:41.11, two-one hundredths of a second behind bronze medalist Brent Lakatos.
In November 2016, Siemann competed in the 2016 New York City Marathon, along with his siblings. They became the first quadruplets to compete together in the New York City Marathon.
He represented the United States at the 2017 World Para Athletics Championships in the 100 metres T53 event. He again represented the United States at the 2019 World Para Athletics Championships and finished in fourth place in the 800 metres T53 event with a time of 1:41.63.
On June 24, 2021, he was named to Team USA's roster for the 2020 Summer Paralympics. He competed in the 100 metres, 400 metres, 800 metres, 1500 metres, 5000 metres and men's marathon.
Siemann represented the United States at the 2023 World Para Athletics Championships and won bronze medals in the 400 metres T53 and 800 metres T53 events. He also participated in the 100 metres T53 event, and finished in fourth place with a time of 15.05.
In July 2024, during the U.S. Paralympic team trials, he qualified to represent the United States at the 2024 Summer Paralympics, winning bronze in the men's T53 400m.

## Personal life

Siemann was born to John and Teresa Siemann. He has an older brother, John, and is a quadruplet with three sisters Amanda, Maria, and Jessica. The quadruplets were born two months premature. At six days old, a doctor left Siemann's umbilical catheter open, which caused him to lose a third of the blood, resulting in spinal shock and paralyzed him from the waist down. Siemann is Catholic.
# Henk Kamerbeek

Hendrik "Henk" Kamerbeek (13 September 1893 – 30 November 1954) was a Dutch hammer thrower. He competed at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics with the best result of 10th place in 1928. After retiring from competitions, he was chairman of the athletics section of the Philips Sports Club (PSV). His son Eef, also an Olympic athlete, later succeeded him in this function. Henk Kamerbeek died one week after a tragic accident at work.
# Caspase 4

Caspase 4 is an enzyme that proteolytically cleaves other proteins at an aspartic acid residue (LEVD-), and belongs to a family of cysteine proteases called caspases. The function of caspase 4 is not fully known, but it is believed to be an inflammatory caspase, along with caspase 1, caspase 5 (and the murine homolog caspase 11), with a role in the immune system.
The anti-inflammatory drug indoprofen is an inhibitor of the activity of the caspase-4 enzyme.
# Pinki Singh (bowls)

Pinki Kaushik Singh (born 14 August 1980) is a female international lawn bowler from India.

## Bowls career
### World Championships

Pinki was selected by the Indian national team, to represent them at the sport's blue riband event, the 2023 World Bowls Championship. She participated in the women's triples and the women's fours events.

### Commonwealth Games

Pinki has represented India at four Commonwealth Games; in the triples at the 2010 Commonwealth Games, in the pairs and fours at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, in the singles and triples at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and in the triples and fours at the 2022 Commonwealth Games. In the 2022 competition, she was part of the Women's fours Indian team, along with (Lovely Choubey, Nayanmoni Saikia and Rupa Rani Tirkey) which won Gold beating South Africa in the final, 17-10.

### Asia Pacific Championships

Pinki has won a bronze medal at the 2009 Asia Pacific Bowls Championships.

### Asian Championships

In the Asian Lawn Bowls Championship, Pinki has won bronze medal in women's triples in 2014, silver in women's triples and bronze in women's fours in 2016, and gold in women's triples in 2017.
In 2023, she won the fours gold medal at the 14th Asian Lawn Bowls Championship in Kuala Lumpur.

## Awards

She was conferred the Arjuna Award for 2023.
# Voices of Orchid Island

Voices of Orchid Island is a Taiwanese documentary directed by Hu Tai-li. The film records the perspectives of the Yami people (now known as the Tao) living in Orchid Island regarding tourism development, modern healthcare, and the establishment of a nuclear waste storage site on the island.

## Synopsis

As a Han anthropologist, Hu collaborated with the Bunun doctor Tien Jacob, enlisted the help of two anti-nuclear young Tao people, Si Nuzai (施努來) and Kuo Chien-ping (郭健平), to complete this work. In the first part, the film explores the traditional beliefs of the Tao people regarding their fear of photography technology and their disdain for becoming subjects of Taiwanese tourists. The tourists often belittle the traditional loincloth as a symbol of backwardness.
In the second part, the film reveals the gap between modern medical and traditional beliefs. Although there is a health center on the island, medical resources remain inadequate. Because the tribe believes that diseases originate from the intrusion of evil spirits (anito), or they consider the economic burden of transportation costs for off-island treatment, Tao people are reluctant to seek medical care. This makes it difficult to promote medical practices locally. The film also documents how the tribe conducts rituals to exorcise evil spirits.
The final part is about the nuclear issue. Since 1970, the Taiwan Power Company has established a nuclear waste storage site on the island for burying nuclear waste. The anti-nuclear youth on the island struggled because many residents pursued education and employment in Taiwan, leading to a loss of land identity and cultural connection with Orchid Island. Their advocacy faced challenges in gaining resonance.

## Awards and Festivals

References
* 1993 Golden Horse Awards - Best Documentary Film
* 1994 Chicago International Film Festival - Silver Plaque Award for documentary film, arts/humanities category
* 1994 Bilan du Film Ethnographique, France
* 1994 Göttingen International Ethnographic Film Festival
* 1995 Margaret Mead Film Festival
* 2014 Asian Women's Film Festival, India
# Collins O. Bright

Collins Oluwole Bright (born 11 February 1917) was a Sierra Leonean diplomat.

## Career

* In 1963, he was commercial attaché in the Sierra Leonean High Commission at 178 Broad Street in Lagos, Nigeria.
* From 1969 to 1970, he was Chargé d'affaires in Cairo.
* From 22 April to 22 July 1971, he was Chargé d'affaires in Washington, United States.
* In 1972, he was Counsellor at the Permanent Mission to the Headquarters of the United Nations.
* On 29 March 1974, he was director of the political division in the foreign ministry of Sierra Leone and member of the Government of Sierra Leone Delegation to the special session of the United Nations General Assembly.
* From 27 February 1975 until 1981, he got Exequatur as acting consul general for the United States in New York.
# Jakov Bienenfeld

Jakov Bienenfeld (28 July 1948 – 8 February 2016) was a Croatian entrepreneur and developer.

## Life and career

Bienenfeld was born in Zagreb on 28 July 1948 to a Jewish family. Most of his family perished during the Holocaust.
His father, Zlatko Bienenfeld, was Major general of the Croatian Army and personal adviser to late Croatian defence minister Gojko Šušak.
He was a prominent entrepreneur who owned several successful businesses, including a travel agency and a developing company. In the 1990s Bienenfeld brought an exclusive German fashion brand Escada to Croatia. Bienenfeld was also a council member of the Zagreb Jewish community.
During the Croatian War of Independence, in 1991, he co-organized aid convoy on ferryboat "Ilirija" to bring the humanitarian aid to besieged Dubrovnik. With the help and cooperation from Slobodan Praljak, Bienenfeld also co-organized rescue of more than 1,200 Jews from Sarajevo during the Bosnian War. He testified in Praljak's favor during his trial at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.
During the last visit of President of Croatia Ivo Josipović to Israel, when in February 2012 he addressed the Knesset apologising for the crimes committed against the Jews on Croatia's soil during World War II, Bienenfeld stated; "I think it is harmful to think that Croats need to redeem themselves for anything. Let's simplify the story, in the history one part of the Croats harmed my people and that is it. Done. Amen. Croats have nothing to redeem themselves for." Bienenfeld believed that Croats, as a nation, are not Antisemits. He stated that he does not have antisemitic experiences in Croatia and that he is proud of the treatment Jews have in Croatia.
Bienenfeld was an acquaintance of Ante Gotovina and has publicly supported him, stating that Gotovina is not guilty of the crimes he had been sentenced for. He resented former President of Croatia Stjepan Mesić's interference in the split of the Zagreb Jewish Community, when Mesić supported Ivo Goldstein, Slavko Goldstein and rabbi Kotel Da-Don in establishing the new Jewish community, Bet Israel. Bienenfeld stated that Mesić accused him of behaving like a Nazi, although Bienenfeld is a Jew whose many family members have been killed during the Holocaust.
In 2013, during an interview for Jutarnji list, Bienenfeld said that he is against the reconstruction of the Zagreb Synagogue, primarily because of the future maintenance costs which Zagreb's Jewish community could not finance. In the interview he also noted that in 1994, when the first President of Croatia Franjo Tuđman told him that they should build the new synagogue which would be funded by the state government, Bienenfeld declined the offer, believing it to be inappropriate when 1800 Catholic churches were left destroyed at the time, during the Croatian War of Independence.
# Jameela

Jameela is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

## Species

* Jameela albiplaga Tite, 1963
* Jameela palmyra (Felder, 1860) (type species)
# James L. Wattenbarger

James Lorenzo Wattenbarger (May 2, 1922 – August 14, 2006) was an American educator.
A native of Cleveland, Tennessee, Wattenbarger is credited as being the Father of the Community College System of Florida. His doctoral dissertation at the University of Florida outlined a master plan that the state used in 1955 to create the modern community college system.
Wattenbarger returned to the University of Florida in 1968 to become a professor, and he founded the Institute of Higher Education. He was an active faculty member at the University of Florida until his retirement in 1992.
Santa Fe College named the Wattenbarger Student Services Building after him in 1995.

## Education

* Associate degree from Palm Beach Junior College in 1941
* Bachelor's degree from the University of Florida in 1943
* Master's degree from University of Florida in 1947
* Doctorate in Education from the University of Florida in 1950
# James R. Helmly

James Ronald "Ron" Helmly (born September 25, 1947) is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Army, and, until May 2006, was the commander of the United States Army Reserve.
Helmly was raised in Savannah, Georgia and graduated from Robert W. Groves High School in 1965. He dropped out of Armstrong State College and joined the Army in August 1966. After completing Officer Candidate School, Helmly was commissioned on August 24, 1967. He served two combat tours in Vietnam and later completed a B.A. degree in liberal studies at the State University of New York in Albany.
On December 20, 2004, Helmly authored a memo in which he described the policies for mobilizing the Reserve "dysfunctional." He reportedly believes that members of the Army Reserve are being treated too delicately, and states that the current state of affairs "threatens to unhinge an already precariously balanced situation in which we are losing as many soldiers through no use as we are through the fear of overuse."
# James R. Scales

James Ralph Scales (May 27, 1919 – March 12, 1996) was president of Oklahoma Baptist University (his alma mater), 1961–1965, and eleventh president of Wake Forest University, from 1968-1983. He was a member of the Cherokee Nation and was active throughout his life in Cherokee affairs.

## Background and career

Scales was born in Delaware County, Oklahoma, to John Grover Scales, Sr. and Katie Scales. His father was born in 1889 in Spavinaw Creek, Indian Territory and was a Baptist pastor until his death in 1971. His parents had two sons, James Ralph and John Grover, Jr.
Scales began his career in education after graduating with his undergraduate and master's degrees from Oklahoma Baptist University in 1939 and 1941. Scales then served in the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1945 during World War II, earning medals of honor and distinction for his service. Scales then followed his career in higher education as an associate professor and professor, from 1947 to 1961. He moved to college administration in 1950, moving to vice president (1950-1953), executive vice president (1953-1961), and president (1961-1965). In 1965, Scales became dean of the College of the Arts and Sciences and a professor of political science at Oklahoma State University. While living in Oklahoma, Scales was active in Democratic Party politics, serving as an alternate for the 1956 Democratic National Convention. In 1967, Scales became the eleventh president of Wake Forest University. During his time at Wake Forest, Scales oversaw an increased undergraduate enrollment and an expanded academic curriculum. He also was involved in lessening the university's ties to the Baptist State Convention of North Carolina. He was responsible for a fine arts center building project, later named the James R. Scales Fine Arts Center, and the acquisition of Worrell House in London, England, and Casa Artom in Venice, Italy. Scales resigned from the Office of the President in 1983.
His wife, Elizabeth Ann (Randel) Scales was born in Osage County, Oklahoma. Known as Betty Ann, she earned a B.A. degree from Oklahoma Baptist University in 1939. Betty Ann helped lead various college, social, and Baptist organizations while raising two daughters, Ann Catherine, a notable lawyer who coined the term "feminist jurisprudence," and Laura Elizabeth Scales, who died at age 20 in 1969. Betty Ann died on August 11, 1992.
# James Taylor (Queensland politician)

James Taylor (1820 – 19 October 1895) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Council and the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Early life and pastoral career

Taylor was born in London, England, in 1820 to John William Taylor, a merchant, and his wife Ann (née Fielder).
He probably arrived in Sydney on board the James Pattison and spent the next few years gaining pastoral experience before heading to the Darling Downs with sheep in 1848. He found work in Cecil Plains, becoming Henry Stuart Russell's head stockman before becoming a partner in 1856 and sole owner in 1859.
Using the property as a fattening and disposal centre for western sheep, he began to prosper, and by 1880, the 147,310-acre freehold property held almost 100,000 sheep. It was supplemented by Dunmore, Goodar and Coomrith stations on the Western Downs and Mount Marlow on the Barcoo River.

## Political career

Taylor was elected to the first Queensland Parliament in 1860, winning the seat of Western Downs. Appointed Secretary for Public Lands in 1869, he administered his office with little regard for the good of the public. Taylor withheld large areas of Cecil Plains from selection until 1870, when he sold them to himself. These actions were one of the reasons for his resignation as Secretary in May 1870, and in September of that same year, he resigned as a member of Western Downs to stand for the seat of Drayton and Toowoomba but was unsuccessful.
He was short in politics before he was appointed a member of the Queensland Legislative Council in November 1871, when he proved to be one of the squatting rearguard's most vigorous and obstructive members. He resigned after almost ten years of service in January 1881 to once again stand for the seat of Drayton and Toowoomba but was once again unsuccessful. He was reappointed to the Queensland Legislative Council in July 1881 and served until his retirement due to ill health in August 1893.
He also served on the Toowoomba Town Council, Mayor of Toowoomba in 1890.

## Business life

Taylor was a director of several companies, including the Queensland Mercantile and Agency Co, the Land Bank of Queensland, and the Queensland Brewing Co.
He was also a trustee for the Queensland Turf Club, the Toowoomba School of Arts, the Royal Agricultural Society, and the Queensland Club.

## Personal life

In April 1850, Taylor married Sarah Boulton in Drayton, and they had nine children together. Known as the King of Toowoomba he died at his home, Clifford House in Toowoomba, in 1895 and was buried in Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery.

## Legacy

His home, Clifford House, was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register in 1992.
# Jan Morávek (1902–1984)

Jan Morávek (1902-1984) was an important member of the Czech Resistance against the German occupation (1939-1945) in Czechoslovakia. He worked at the Ceska Zbrojovka armament factory in Prague and later in Romania, under the command of Albert Göring. Albert Göring was the younger brother of Reichmarschall Hermann Göring (second in command to Hitler).
Morávek, through Stolle, was linked to the British secret service MI6. Morávek coordinated the underground resistance in the Skoda armaments factory. Albert Göring, acting with Hromatko (a member of the Skoda Board) devised a scheme to transfer commission from sales of armaments into a Swiss bank account. Part of those funds were used to help escape several hundred Jews and other persons persecuted by the Nazis.
Receiving information from a Czech scientist that worked at Peenemünde, Morávek informed the British on 15 August 1943 about the secret development of the V1 and V2 rockets. Within 48 hours, the British diverted forces from the strategic bombing offensive for Operation Crossbow into the Operation Hydra (1943) that bombed Peenemünde. This bombing was highly successful, delaying considerably the development and utilisation of the rockets V1 and V2.

## Sources

* My roots continents apart pages 94–95, author Elsa Morávek Perou de Wagner, 2005 iUniverse Inc.
* London Times, article by Adam LeBor,
* The Warlord and the Renegade: The Story of Hermann and Albert Goering by James Wyllie (Hardcover - Oct 2, 2006)
* This Czech biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Chinese famine of 1333–1337

The Chinese famine of 1333–1337 was a famine resulting from a series of climatic disasters in China, then under Toghon Temür of Yuan dynasty. The famine was aggravated by pestilence laying the whole country to waste.

## Causes

Between 1333 and 1336 China suffered a drought and renewed floods, as well as many uncommon atmospheric phenomena. Regions around the Kiang and Hoai rivers were affected. In 1333 rain fell in torrents in and about Kingsai. In 1334, floodings occurred in the neighbourhood of Canton.

## Casualties and aftermath

An estimated 6 million people perished by the famine. About 4 million people perished in Kiang, according to the Chinese annals. Around this time, pestilence ravaged the region, being antecedent of the Black Death in Europe, which appeared in the following decade.