OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Irene of Hungary

Irene of Hungary (Greek: Είρήνη, born Piroska; 1088 – 13 August 1134) was the Byzantine empress by marriage to John II Komnenos. She is venerated as an Eastern Orthodox saint.

## Life

The name Piroska was a Hungarian derivation of the Latin name Prisca, literally meaning 'ancient', but implying 'serious' or 'grave' behaviour. She was a daughter of Ladislaus I of Hungary and Adelaide of Swabia. Her mother died in 1090 when Piroska was still a child. Her father died on 29 July 1095 and was succeeded by his nephew Coloman, King of Hungary.
In an effort to improve relations with Alexios I Komnenos of the Byzantine Empire, Coloman negotiated the marriage of Piroska to John II Komnenos. John II was the eldest son of Alexios I and Irene Doukaina. He was already co-ruler of his father since late 1092 and was expected to succeed him.
The negotiations were successful and Piroska married John in 1104. The marriage was recorded by Joannes Zonaras and John Kinnamos. Following her conversion to the Eastern Orthodox Church and settlement in Constantinople, Piroska was renamed Irene.
Irene played little part in government, devoting herself to piety and her many children. She was, with her husband, the patron of the construction of the Monastery of Christ Pantokrator (Zeyrek Mosque) in Constantinople. This monastery contained three churches and a hospital of 5 wards, which was open to people of all social classes.
Irene died on 13 August 1134 and was later venerated as Saint Irene.

## Issue

She and John had eight children. The primary source about their order of births is the chronicle of Niketas Choniates:
* Alexios Komnenos (February 1106 – 1142), co-emperor from 1122 to 1142. His birth is recorded in the Alexiad by Anna Komnene.
* Maria Komnene (b. February 1106, twin to Alexios), who married John Rogerios Dalassenos.
* Andronikos Komnenos (died 1142).
* Anna Komnene, married Stephen Kontostephanos.
* Isaac Komnenos (died 1154).
* Theodora Komnene (died 12 May 1157), who married Manuel Anemas.
* Eudokia Komnene, who married Theodore Vatatzes.
* Manuel I Komnenos (died 1180), emperor from 1143 to 1180.
# Nikša Bratoš

Nikša Bratoš (born 17 August 1959) is a Croatian musician. He is known for having played in bands Valentino and Crvena jabuka. He has worked on songs for a variety of Croatian pop artists.

## Biography

Bratoš was born in 1959, and graduated from the University of Electronics in Sarajevo in 1985. He played guitar and sang backup vocals in Valentino before transitioning into Crvena jabuka.
Bratoš first worked with Crvena jabuka as a producer. He was recruited to produce 1988's Sanjati, and then every subsequent album. Bratoš was later recruited as a member of the band. He is known for having played many different instruments. Generally he played rhythm guitar, but periodically harmonica, saxophone, mandolin, melodika, clarinet, and woodwinds and sometimes keyboards, synthesizers and singing backup vocals. Bratoš was able to add horn arrangements as well as other string instruments which the band became known for in the 1990s.
In 1990 Bratoš moved to Zagreb where he continued to be involved in music as a guitarist, producer, and keyboard player. In 1994 he became an official member of Crvena jabuka and since then has performed at all of their concerts and their albums. He was also responsible for the production and programming on each album.
He arranged the song "Metak sa posvetom" for Lepa Brena's 2011 album Začarani krug.
In July 2014, Bratoš was appointed president of the government-funded Croatian Music Union (HGU), succeeding Husein Hasanefendić at the post.

## Personal life

Bratoš has two sons, Goran and Marko. Son Marko works as a presenter at the radio station Narodni radio in Zagreb.
In late 2017, HGU president Bratoš filed a libel lawsuit against Croatia Records CEO Želimir Babogredac over his claims in a June 2015 Slobodna Dalmacija interview that "Bratoš and his HGU loyalists engaged in malfeasance via blackmail and collusion with Croatia's state-run brodcaster, HRT, for illegal monetary gain". At one of the trial dates, Crvena jabuka frontman Dražen Žerić was called to provide testimony. The verdict was delivered in 2018 with the court ruling in Bratoš's favour.
# Alin Boțogan

Alin Marius Boțogan (born 21 February 2004) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Liga I club Petrolul Ploiești.

## Honours

Petrolul Ploieşti
* Liga II: 2021–22
# Skørping railway station

Skørping railway station is a Danish railway station serving the railway town of Skørping in Himmerland south of Aalborg, Denmark.
The station is located on the Randers-Aalborg Line from Randers to Aalborg and is the southern terminus of the Aalborg Commuter Rail service. It opened in 1869. The train services are currently operated by the railway companies DSB and Nordjyske Jernbaner.

## History

The station opened in 1869 with the opening of the Randers-Aalborg railway line from Randers to Aalborg. It survived a series of station closures in the 1970s. In 2003 it became the southern terminus of the new Aalborg Commuter Rail service. In 2017, operation of the commuter rail services between Aalborg and Skørping were transferred from DSB to the local railway company Nordjyske Jernbaner.

## Operations

The train services are operated by the railway companies DSB and Nordjyske Jernbaner. The station offers direct InterCity services to Copenhagen and Aalborg, regional train services to Aarhus and Aalborg as well as commuter train services to Aalborg.

## Architecture

The original station building from 1869 was designed by the Danish architect N.P.C. Holsøe. It was rebuilt in 1878 and 1898. The station building was listed in 1992 along with the station's water tower.

## In literature

Danish writer Herman Bang's novel Ved Vejen was inspired by an incident in 1883 when he was passing through Skørping Station. He noticed a young woman at the window who, her pale face couched in her hands, stared after his departing train. In the introduction to Stille Eksistenser he explains: "For the rest of the journey, I could see the woman's face between the flowers. Her look was not quite one of longing — longing would have perhaps fluttered to death by breaking its wings in such tight confines — just a quite resignation, a waning sorrow. And when the train had slid by, she would be peering out with the same look over Egnens Lyng — over the dreary plain."
Bang started writing the novel in 1885 in Vienna, after remembering Skørping Station: "It was in one of those windows behind the flowers that I saw her face, a face which I had not been able to erase from my memory for two years and which, as if a painter, I felt like drawing in soft, melancholic, almost blurry lines and using it as a kind of cover illustration for this book."
# Jimmy Redmond

James Lewis Redmond III (born August 18, 1977) is a former American football wide receiver and special teamer who played four seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Jacksonville Jaguars. He also spent time with the Tennessee Titans and Minnesota Vikings, as well as the Frankfurt Galaxy of NFL Europe.

## Early life

Jimmy Redmond was born on August 18, 1977, in Kansas City, Missouri. He grew up as a Chiefs fan. He went to Blue Springs South (MO) high school.

## College

Redmond was a 5-star recruit in two sports, Track, and American football. He signed a scholarship offer to attend college at Ohio State University. During his time at Ohio State, he made 4 major bowl appearances. He was a 2x letter winner, Rose Bowl champion, and Sugar Bowl champion along with being a 4x Big Ten conference champion amassing a 43-7 record with his Buckeye football team. After two season-ending football injuries, 1997 against Wyoming University and 1998 against West Virginia, Redmond transferred to McNeese State University. Redmond did not pursue track at McNeese State University. He helped guide McNeese State football to the first round of the D1-AA football playoffs against Georgia Southern University, where he had 4 catches for 112 yards and 1 touchdown. He was in college from 1995 to 2001 and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | 40-yard dash |
| 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) | 195 lb (88 kg) | 4.33 s |
| All values from NFL Scouting Combine |||
Tennessee Titans
Redmond was signed by the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent following the 2001 NFL draft but he did not make the roster.
Jacksonville Jaguars
He was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars to the practice squad on December 12, 2001. He was re-signed in January 2002. In 2001 he did not play in any games. In 2002 he played in 14 games, but he was only used on special teams. Redmond wore number 87 in 2002. He had 11 tackles in 2002. On March 24, 2003, he was re-signed again. He was released on August 31, 2003, but signed again on September 9. On September 28, 2003, against the Houston Texans, Redmond made a hit on JJ Moses which drew a penalty and a 5,000 dollar fine. During 2003 he played in 12 games. He had 11 tackles and he had 3 receptions for 67 yards. Jimmy wore number 17 with the Jaguars in 2003. In March 2004 he was signed to a one-year contract but he did not make the final roster.
Frankfurt Galaxy
During the 2002 offseason, Redmond played for the Frankfurt Galaxy in NFL Europe. He was also named to the All-NFL Europe team in 2002.
Minnesota Vikings
After not playing in 2004 or in 2005, he was signed by the Minnesota Vikings, but released 2 months later. After being released by the Vikings, he did not play another NFL game.

## Later life

Redmond is currently an Independent Consultant at Beehive Athletics.
# Higher Kinnerton

Higher Kinnerton is a village and community within rural Flintshire, Wales, close to the Wales-England border. Its sister village, Lower Kinnerton, is across the border in Cheshire, England.
In the 2001 census it had a population of 1,634, increasing to 1,697 at the 2011 census.

## Amenities

The village has a shop, and two public houses, The Swan and The Royal Oak. The parish church is All Saints, which is actually in the parish of Dodleston, England. There is a Scout group called 1st Kinnerton Scouts. The Village Hall hosts various community clubs and events.
The village was awarded Best Kept Community status by Flintshire County Council in 2012, 2014, 2017 and 2019.
A planning application for 95 homes to the west of the village was refused on 3 March 2021. The land, adjacent to Kinnerton Meadows and several listed buildings, is believed to have historical significance as falling partly within the site of the medieval Llwydcoed Royal Park.

## Education

The village has a primary school, Ysgol Derwen. The local secondary schools are Castell Alun, located in Hope and Hawarden High School in Hawarden.

## Governance

The area is an electoral ward for Flintshire County Council, coterminous with the community, which elects one county councillor.
# Bledzianów

Bledzianów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrzeszów, within Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Ostrzeszów and 122 km (76 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
In the village there is a prayer chapel dedicated to Our Lady of Sorrows belonging to the parish of St. Anna in Niedźwiedz.
Bledzianów is also home of the renowned dog and Instagram celebrity pet Yoko since 2016.
# Harry Dexter

Harry Dexter (1910–1973) was an English music critic and a composer of light music best known for his "Siciliano" of 1953.
He was born in Sheffield and obtained a Bachelor of Music degree at Durham University. During World War II, whilst serving overseas as an army captain he composed a prize-winning symphony, but after the war he found himself without work and moved to London where he scraped a living "song plugging" and arranging for various publishers.
During the 1950s, his lighter style of composition found favour with tastes in radio and television, particularly the BBC Light Programme. He joined London music publisher Francis, Day and Hunter and later rose to become head of their light orchestral department, where in addition to composing gave advice to other composers in this field.
It was during this period he composed numerous short orchestral pieces include "Frankfurt Polka", "Bavarian Polka", "Budgerigar Polka", "Pas de Trois", "Waltz for a Bride", "September Woods" and his most famous work "Siciliano" in 1953. He also wrote vocal pieces for schools, ballads for choral ensembles and a number of religious anthems, as well as large quantity of simplified arrangements of famous classical works for use in teaching.
In addition to this work, Dexter was music critic for several musical periodicals and in 1956 founded the Light Music Society, where he served as Chairman for several years, with Eric Coates as its first President. His final composition was "Pizzicato for a Poodle" in 1972.
He married Doris Herbert with whom he had a son Philip, and a stepson Francis.
# 21st Kansas Militia Infantry Regiment

The 21st Kansas Militia Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 21st Kansas Militia Infantry was called into service on October 9, 1864. It was disbanded on October 29, 1864.

## Detailed service

The unit was called into service to defend Kansas against Maj. Gen. Sterling Price's raid. The regiment saw action at Byram's Ford, Big Blue, October 22. Westport October 23.

## Commander

* Colonel Sandy Lowe
# 1st Rank Raju (2015 film)

1st Rank Raju is a 2015 Indian Kannada comedy drama film written and directed by Naresh Kumar HN in his debut, and produced by V. K. Manjunath. It features Gurunandan and Apoorva Gowda in the lead roles. The rest of the cast includes Tanishka Kapoor, Sadhu Kokila, Ananth Nag, Achyut Rao, Manadeep Rai, Giri Mahesh and Master Chinmai. The film's music director Kiran Ravindranath.The director remade the film in Telugu in 2019 with the same title. The film was declared a success at box-office.

## Synopsis

Film explores the importance of the academic qualification in life. The story line conveys the message to parents who consider only academic achievements results in successful life. It was the most talked movie in 2015, commercially too, the movie tasted tremendous success.

## Cast

* Gurunandan as Raju / Raj The Showman
* Apoorwa Gowda as Sanmitha
* Tanishka Kapoor as Mary
* Ananth Nag as Company MD Satyamurthy
* Achyuth Kumar as Raju's Dad
* Sadhu Kokila as Shani Kappor (S.K. Shani)
* Sudha Belawadi as Raju's Mom
* Jai Jagadish as School Principal
* Mandeep Rai as Principal of college
* Giri Mahesh as Gudli Hero
* Master Chinmayi as First Rank Raju (young)
* Nagaraja Murthy as Karnataka Education Minister
* Amith as Friend
* Ashwin Kodange as Manager

## Soundtrack

The music of the film was composed by Kiran Ravindranath.

## Reception

A critic from The Times of India wrote that "Director Naresh Kumar has come up with an entertaining film, where the message isn't forced. The casting is quite accurate. Gurunandan as Raju excels. The music, cinematography, editing and re-recording too are commendable. Watch this film for its entertainment quotient and good performances".
# Hyperosmia

Hyperosmia is an increased olfactory acuity (heightened sense of smell), usually caused by a lower threshold for odor. This perceptual disorder arises when there is an abnormally increased signal at any point between the olfactory receptors and the olfactory cortex. The causes of hyperosmia may be genetic, hormonal, environmental or the result of benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome.

## Causes
### Genetics

A study by Menashe et al. has found that individuals with a single nucleotide polymorphism variant in the OR11H7P pseudogene have a lower receptor activation threshold for isovaleric acid. These individuals are hyperosmic for this single odorant.
Another study by Keller et al. has found that people with the intact human odorant receptor OR7D4 are more sensitive to androstenone and androstadienone and thus find them unpleasant (individuals with the semi-functional OR7D4 have two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the OR7D4 pseudogene, resulting in two amino acid substitutions). There has not yet been extensive research into the genetic background of those with general hyperosmia, rather than for just a single odorant.

### Environmental

There has not been extensive research into environmental causes of hyperosmia, but there are some theories of some possible causes.
In a study by Atianjoh et al., it has been found that amphetamines decrease levels of dopamine in the olfactory bulbs of rodents. On this basis, it has been hypothesized that amphetamine use may cause hyperosmia in rodents and humans, but further research is still needed. Anecdotal support for the belief that amphetamines may cause hyperosmia comes from Oliver Sacks's account of a patient (who he later revealed to be himself) with a heightened sense of smell after taking amphetamines.
It has been observed that the inhalation of hydrocarbons can cause hyperosmia, most likely due to the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the olfactory bulb.
Methotrexate, administered in the treatment of psoriasis, has been known to cause hyperosmia, and may be more likely to do so in patients with a history of migraines. However, this is only an observation and not part of a study; therefore, it is yet to be verified.

## Treatment

If the cause(s) is/are environmental, normal olfactory acuity will usually return over time, even if it is left undiagnosed or untreated. Hyperosmic individuals may need to avoid exposure to strong odorants for a period of time if the sensation becomes unbearable. Dopamine antagonists such as butyrophenones or thioridazine hydrochloride were used to treat hyperosmia, but were later discontinued due to undesirable side effects.
# Niall mac Conaill

Niall mac Conaill (died 778) was King of South Brega of the Uí Chernaig sept of the Síl nÁedo Sláine branch of the southern Ui Neill. He was the son of Conall Grant mac Cernaig (died 718) who had contended for the rule of all Brega in the 710's. He ruled in south Brega from 771 to 778.
Upon the death of Coirpre mac Fogartaig of the Uí Chernaig sept in 771 the rule of Brega was recovered by the northern sept of Uí Chonaing based at Cnogba(Knowth) in the person of Congalach mac Conaing (died 778). Niall became ruler of Deiscirt Breg or southern Brega.
Niall represented a branch of the Uí Chernaig sept called the Síl Conaill Graint which were based at Calatrium (Galtrim), whereas the main line of Uí Chernaig represented by the sons of the high king Fogartach mac Néill (died 724) were based at Lagore. The sons of Fogartach had dominated southern Brega since 737 and a claimant arose in Cummascach mac Fogartaig to challenge Niall's rule. In 777 the Battle of Calatrium was fought between Niall and Cummascach in which the vassal king Échtgus mac Baeth of the Deisi Brega was slain.
Niall was an old king and offered no threat to the high king Donnchad Midi (died 797) who was imposing his authority on Brega at this time. he was not involved in the Battle of Forchalad in 778 where Congalach of Brega was slain fighting Donnchad. Niall is called king of Deiscirt Breg in his death obit.
His sons Conall mac Néill (died 815) and Diarmait mac Néill (died 826) were also Kings of South Brega.
# Khartsyzk

Khartsyzk (Ukrainian: Харцизьк, pronounced ; Russian: Харцызск, romanized: Khartsyzsk, IPA:) is a city in Donetsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. The city has a population of 56,182 (2022 estimate).

## History

It was founded in 1869 as a settlement at the station put into operation on the Kursk-Kharkiv-Azov railway. The Khartsyzsk settlement, which belonged to Major General Ivan Ilovaysky, was founded on the site of the modern city in 1786.
Its name comes from the word "khartsyzy" ("robbers, plunderers"), which was the name used by Turks and Tatars in the sixteenth century for fugitive peasants and Zaporizhzhia Cossacks who settled near the southern borders of the Moscow state. The places of their settlements were called "Khartsyzsk". In 1883, a railway line was laid to the Makiivka mine, and in 1884—to the Krynychna and Yasysivka stations (modern Makiivka-Pasazhyrska), and in 1898—to the Makiivka metallurgical plant "Union".
Starting Mid-April 2014 pro-Russian separatists took control of several towns in Donetsk Oblast.
Unknown armed men took control of the Khartsyzk city hall on 13 April 2014, and declared it part of the Donetsk People's Republic.
By the beginning of Russia's large-scale invasion, Khartsyzsk was under Russian occupation. Preparing for the resumption of the active phase of hostilities, in mid-February, Russian troops staged provocations under the pretext of announcing illegal forced "mobilization" in the city and the occupied part of Donbas in general to join the ranks of illegal terrorist armed groups operating in the region. Serhiy Bratchuk, a spokesperson for the Odesa Regional Military Administration, reported the destruction of a Russian military depot in the city of Khartsyzsk on 9 July 2022.

## Demographics

Ethnicities in the city as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census:
Ethnic groups in Khartsyzk
percent
Ukrainians
52.4%
Russians
44.1%
Belarusians
0.9%
Azerbaijanis
0.6%
Greeks
0.3%
Armenians
0.3%
Georgians
0.2%
others
1.8% :

## Notable people

* Serhiy Larin (born 1962), Ukrainian politician
# Andriy Oliynyk (footballer, born 1986)

Andriy Olehovych Oliynyk (Ukrainian: Андрій Олегович Олійник; born 16 January 1986) is a Ukrainian football goalkeeper currently playing for Ukrainian Second League club Kremin.

## Club history

Andriy Oliynyk signed with FC Kremin Kremenchuk during 2004 summer transfer window.

## Career statistics

    As of 17 September 2009
| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Kremin | 2005–06 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Kremin | 2006–07 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Kremin | 2007–08 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Kremin | 2008–09 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Kremin | 2009–10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Kremin | Total | 51 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 54 | 0 |
| Career | Total | 51 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 54 | 0 |