OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sultana Racho Petrova

Sultana Racho Petrova (15 July 1869 – 26 November 1946) was a Bulgarian memoirist.

## Early life and family

Sultana Petrova was born Sultana Pantaleeva Minchovich in the Ottoman city of Tulcea, on 15 July 1869, the daughter of Dr. Pantaley Minchovich. Petrova's father studied in Paris, was employed by the Turkish navy and later became a politician. Her mother died when she was 27, leaving her father to raise three children. She was educated in the Royal College of French in Bucharest, capital of the Romanian Old Kingdom. As a young woman, Petrova was noticed by Queen Carmen Sylva who wished to help her to go to Paris to become an opera singer. Her father objects to this, and when Petrova was 16, the family moved to Sofia. At age 24, she met Racho Petrov whom she married in 1887. They had three children, Maria, Vlada and Blagoi. They eventually divorce in 1919.

## Memoirs and legacy

The marriage was an unhappy one, compounded by an alleged affair which Petrova had with Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria. She was close to the prince, and was privy to much of the personal affairs and meetings of the prince and Prime Minister Stefan Stambolov. She published her memoirs in 1922, entitled From My Memories, with a second volume being published posthumously. It is her involvement in the Bulgarian government which has led to her memoirs being an important primary source for the time.
During World War II, Petrova was sent to the St. Kirik concentration camp, due to her condemnation of Bulgaria's support of Nazi Germany.
It is also believed that Petrova was the first woman in Bulgaria to undergo plastic surgery. She died in Sofia on 26 November 1946.
# Gowalia Tank

18°57′44.82″N 72°48′34.93″E﻿ / ﻿18.9624500°N 72.8097028°E﻿ / 18.9624500; 72.8097028
Gowalia Tank Maidan, officially renamed August Kranti Maidan, is a park in Grant Road West, in South Mumbai, in which Mahatma Gandhi issued the Quit India speech on 8 August 1942. It decreed that unless the British left India immediately, mass agitations would take place.

## History

On August 7, 1942, the All India Congress Committee organized its session under the Presidentship of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, which continued past-midnight into the next day. The venue was the Gowalia Tank Maidan, which was located 250 metres away from Goculdas Tejpal House, the place where the Indian National Congress was established in December 1885. The next day (August 8. 1942), the call for "Quit India Movement" was given, with the mantra of "do or die."
In the words of Gandhi "Here is a mantra, a short one, that I give you. You may imprint it on your hearts and let every breath of yours give expression to it. The mantra is: "Do or Die". We shall either free India or die in the attempt; we shall not live to see the perpetuation of our slavery". The call mobilised the citizens to a huge Civil Disobedience movement as the British refused to grant independence till the Second World War (1939 to 1945) was over.

## Origin of the name

The Gowalia Tank was initially used to bathe cows. Go - Walia comes from the marathi/Gujarati word Gaie (cow) Wala (owner of the cattle). The cattle owners would bring the cows to be bathed in the waters of the tank. The Maidan that exists over there presently was built over the tank, which still exists underground. Gowalia Tank was also a very prominent tram terminus. Trams would start and finish there and one could travel to the Prince of Wales Museum in one anna (six paise).

## Current usage

The Maidan is now a popular playground. Cricket is the popular game although the monsoon season is primarily for football and volleyball. The ground has been split into 5 smaller grounds. The largest one is the playground, with one playground for children, one garden for promenades which is frequented by senior citizens and one ground is used by the Fellowship School. The last park area houses the Smarak or martyr monument which is a white marble tower that cradles a pink lotus atop it.
A central road cuts through the maidan grounds and connects the August Kranti Road with Hughes Road. The ground connects Tejpal Road and Laburnum Road, Alexandra Road and August Kranti Road.
The closest suburban railway station on the Western Railway line is Grant Road. The August Kranti Rajdhani Express, connecting Mumbai to New Delhi, was named after this maidan.
# Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of the Maldives

The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution of the Maldives was amended on 8 December 2019. This amendment now states the terms for the councils as well as voting for members of the council.

## History

The bill was sponsored by Mohamed Aslam on 8 October 2019. The bill later passed in the People's Majlis, with an overwhelming support on 3 December 2019. President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih ratified it on 8 December 2019.

## Amendments

* Article 231(a) states that Island Council Members and City Council Members are to be elected by conducting elections in which constituents of the district will cast their vote.
* Article 231(a)(3) states that the administrative district's council will be composed of the Presidents of the Local Island Councils and President of the Atoll Council.
* Article 231(b) states that Presidents and Mayors of the Islands, Atolls and Cities will be elected by the constituents of their respective constituency.
* Article 231(c) states that the term for the councils is 5 years.
# Lynching of Will Bell

Will Arthur Bell was lynched by a mob in Pontotoc County, Mississippi as the local sheriff tried to move him to prevent the lynching. According to the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary it was the 6th of 61 lynchings during 1922 in the United States.

## Alleged attack

On Saturday, January 28, 1922, a young white woman was allegedly attacked by a Black man.

## Arrest and lynching

Local police arrested 20-year-old Will Bell and Sheriff Blalock feared that he would be lynched before his trial. He made plans to secretly move Will Bell to the capital of Mississippi, Jackson. Early Sunday morning of January 29, 1922, the sheriff and his deputies made a desperate drive to get Bell to the departing night train but their car was stopped by a mob who used another vehicle to stop the police car. A man jumped out, pulled out a revolver and emptied it into Bell. After he dropped dead other members of the mob fired more shots into him.
# Lynching of Willie Lee Jenkins

Willie Lee Jenkins was lynched in Eufaula, Barbour County, Alabama. According to the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary it was the 3rd of 61 lynchings during 1922 in the United States.

## Background

According to family oral history and local accounts within the Black community, Willie Jenkins had a dispute with his boss' wife which cost him his life. Newspapers of the time reported that he "insulted a white woman."

## Lynching

He tried to escape by train but a mob dragged him off, took him into the woods and killed him. His corpse was found in the bottom of a well in Barbour County, 4 miles (6.4 km) from Eufaula on the Batesville road.
# Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes

Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes is located in Chiclana de la Frontera, in the province of Cádiz, Andalusia, southwestern Spain. Situated on San Agustín Street, the bullfighting museum is dedicated to the matador Francisco Montes Reina (1805–1851), nicknamed "Paquiro", who was born in this town. He is considered the most important 19th century bullfighter, because of his skill at the sport, on foot or on horseback. The bullfighting displays include pieces of great historical and artistic value. It was inaugurated in 2003 and founded by Pedro Leal Aragon who for seven years collected objects, souvenirs and bullfighting implements. One of its first events was a group show of the artists Antonio Vela, Carlos Quevedo, and Paloma Garcia. After a renovation, it re-opened in June 2005 with miniature models of the bullring in Ronda, a head bust of Paquiro, and an original painting by Antonio Cavanna.The expansion also housed Spain's most important bullfighting collection, Collection Sagnier, which was acquired by the city to improve the historical and artistic quality of the municipal bullfighting museum.
There are four rooms: bullfighting origins, Paquiro and his time, contemporary bullfighting, and the bull and the arts. The museum's garden is used for book presentations, press conferences, weddings and small concerts. It is closed on Sundays.
# FC Jeunesse Canach

FC Jeunesse Canach (English:FC Youth Canach) is a football club in Canach, Luxembourg. It was founded in 1930. They play in the National Division, after being promoted from the Division of Honour in 2009–10.

## History

Founded in 1930 as FC Fortuna Canach, the club was dissolved at the beginning of the Second World War. The club was reformed in 1946 and then dissolved again in 1953. In 1957, the club was revived under its current name.
The club entered the Luxembourg National Division for the first time in its history for the 2010–11 season.

## Current squad (2023/24 season)

    As of 1 March 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | LUX | Valentin Roulez |
| 5 | MF | LUX | Logan Bicheler |
| 7 | MF | LUX | Jun Cai Wang |
| 8 | MF | POR | Filipe Aguiar |
| 9 | FW | FRA | Marianel Faladé |
| 10 | MF | LUX | Din Dersevic |
| 11 | FW | CPV | Diego Rodrigues Monteiro Mosso |
| 14 | MF | FRA | Marvin Géran |
| 17 | FW | FRA | Papé Ibrahima Diakhité |
| 18 | DF | LUX | Tun Rauen |
| 19 | FW | CPV | Fabricio Lopes |
| 21 | MF | LUX | Aldin Dervisevic |
| 22 | MF | LUX | Tiago Costa |
| 23 | DF | POR | Xavier Araujo |
| 26 | GK | LUX | Christophe Welbes |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 30 | FW | UGA | Patrick Edema |
| 40 | DF | FRA | Cheikh Tidiane Samb |
| 44 | MF | LUX | Lex Hermann |
| 45 | DF | LUX | Leonel Monteiro Domingos |
| 54 | GK | LUX | Eric Beckius |
| 77 | DF | LUX | Hugo Domingos |
| 80 | MF | POR | Jailson Cabral Tavares |
| 84 | DF | BRA | Nelsinho |
| 88 | MF | CPV | Jimmy Ines |
| 96 | DF | FRA | Dylan Reihlé |
| 99 | MF | FRA | Ryan Affane |
| — | DF | LUX | Cristiano Mendes |
| — | DF | LUX | David Caçador |
| — | FW | LUX | Gary Bernard (on loan from Jeunesse Esch) |

## Current staff (2022/23 season)

* Manager: Franck Rinaldo
* Assistant coach: Emmanuel Leblond
* Director of Football: Emile Weber

## Managers

* Patrick Maurer (July 1, 1998 – June 30, 2013)
* Fernando Gutiérrez (July 1, 2013 – November 8, 2013)
* Patrick Maurer (caretaker) (November 8, 2013 – 30 December 2015)
* Oseías Luiz Ferreira (January 6, 2016 − October 30, 2016)
* Patrick Maurer (October 31, 2016 − )
# 2005 in Hong Kong

Events in the year 2005 in Hong Kong.

## Incumbents

* Chief Executive: Tung Chee-hwa (until 12 March); Donald Tsang (from 21 June)

## Events
### September

* 12 September – Hong Kong Disneyland opened to visitors at 13:00 (HKT).
# Girvanella

Girvanella is a fossil thought to represent the calcified sheath of a filamentous cyanobacterium known from the Burgess Shale and other Cambrian fossil deposits. Specimens are also known from the Early Ordovician San Juan Formation, Argentina.
Girvanella was originally described as a foraminifera. It was later assigned to the now-obsolete family porostromata. In 2020, it was assigned to the order Oscillatoriales.
Girvanella is characterised by having flexing, tubular filaments with a uniform diameter usually between 10 and 30 microns (rarely up to 100 microns). The walls of these tubules are relatively thick and calcareous. These tubules are typically (but not always) twisted together into nodules, and often encrust other objects including foraminifera.
Fossils of Girvanella are found from the Cambrian through the Cretaceous.
Girvanella fossils are found in a wide range of environmental conditions, most commonly shallow-shelf carbonate facies, but also in nonmarine limestones. Recent caliche deposits in Barbados may be referable to Girvanella.
# KSNL-LD

KSNL-LD (channel 6) is a low-power television station in Salina, Kansas, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Nexstar Media Group. The station's studios are located on North Santa Fe Avenue in downtown Salina, and its transmitter is located on State Street and Halsted Road in unincorporated Saline County (west of the Salina city limits).
KSNL-LD is part of the Kansas State Network (KSN), a regional network of five stations relaying programming from Wichita NBC affiliate KSNW (channel 3) across central and western Kansas, as well as bordering counties in Nebraska and Oklahoma; KSNL-LD incorporates local advertising and news inserts aimed at Salina and surrounding areas within the Wichita–Hutchinson Plus television market.

## History

The Kansas State Network first established a presence in Salina on December 13, 1964, when a channel 74 translator of Great Bend's KCKT-TV was activated. The translator moved to channel 18 (as K18AA) in 1967, where it remained until it was displaced by the sign-on of full-power KAAS-TV in 1988; it then moved to channel 6 as K06LZ. The station flash cut to digital on channel 47 as KSNL-LD in 2008.
On May 7, 2012, the LIN TV Corporation announced that it would acquire the New Vision Television station group, including KSNW and its four satellite stations, for $330.4 million and the assumption of $12 million in debt; the sale – which was approved by the FCC on October 2 and was completed 1+1⁄2 weeks later on October 12 – marked a re-entry to Kansas for LIN, which briefly owned the licenses of K51GC (channel 51, now KHDS-LD), a low-power repeater of Wichita ABC affiliate KAKE-TV (channel 10), in 2000, before selling them to Benedek Broadcasting shortly after the purchase was finalized.
On March 21, 2014, Media General announced that it would purchase LIN Media and its stations, including the KSN stations, in a $1.6 billion merger. The deal marked Media General's re-entry into the market, as it previously owned KBSH-TV (channel 7), a satellite of Wichita CBS affiliate KWCH-TV (channel 12), from 2000 to 2006. The merger was completed on December 19. On September 28, 2015, Nexstar Broadcasting Group announced it had offered to purchase Media General and its stations, including KSNW and its satellites. On January 27, 2016, Nexstar announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire Media General. The acquisition of KSNL and its other satellites by Nexstar reunited the stations with former satellite KSNF, whose ownership was split from the rest of the Kansas State Network in 1986. The deal was approved by the FCC on January 11, 2017, and it was completed on January 17, marking Nexstar's first entry into the Wichita market.

## Subchannel

KSNL-LD does not provide the other subchannels that the full-power KSN stations do.
Subchannel of KSNL-LD :
| Channel | Res. | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
| 6.1 | 1080i | 16:9 | KSNL-LD | NBC |
# Nõmavere

Nõmavere is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
# Hash Bash

Hash Bash is an annual cannabis event held on the University of Michigan campus in Ann Arbor, Michigan, featuring a series of speeches and live performances focus on the goal of legalizing marijuana at the federal, state, and local levels in the United States.

## History

The first Hash Bash took place on April 1, 1972, as a reaction to the Michigan Supreme Court's ruling on March 9, 1972, which deemed unconstitutional the law that had been used to convict cultural activist John Sinclair for possessing two marijuana joints. The second annual Hash Bash, in 1973, attracted approximately 3,000 participants, including state representative Perry Bullard, a proponent of marijuana legalization.
Marijuana is openly consumed at the event, and in previous events, there have been few, if any, arrests. Before the state's legalization of recreational cannabis, the penalty for cannabis law violations in Ann Arbor was a $30 fine and $25 court costs for a total of $55, and was a civil infraction ticket. The campus falls under state, not city jurisdiction but "for decades, police had in the past exercised discretion and a general tolerance for public marijuana use at the annual Hash Bash. Protesters are commonly seen as consuming cannabis as a form of civil disobedience, anticipating minimal law enforcement intervention, which was largely the case until the seventh annual event in 1978, when local authorities began arresting participants suspected of using illegal substances.
By 1985, attendance at the Hash Bash had dropped to zero, but it soon revived. The 2009 Hash Bash celebrated the legalization of medical cannabis in Michigan through the Michigan Compassionate Care Initiative in 2008 and was the largest gathering that the event had seen in years, with an estimated 1,600 participants – an increased turnout which the Michigan Daily attributed to the "wider acceptance of recreational drug use both on campus and across the country". The 2010 Hash Bash had an estimated 5,000 attendees. The 2015 Hash Bash had a record 8,000–15,000 attendees. In 2019, Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer celebrated the state's recreational cannabis legalization in a video for Hash Bash attendees, having also attended the event the previous year while running for governor.

### Recent and upcoming Hash Bash dates

* 2025: 54th annual - April 5
* 2024: 53rd annual - April 6
* 2023: 52nd annual - April 1
* 2022: 51st annual - April 2
* 2021: 50th annual - April 3 (virtual event due to coronavirus)
* 2020: 49th annual - April 4 (canceled due to coronavirus)
* 2019: 48th annual - April 6
* 2018: 47th annual - April 7
* 2017: 46th annual - April 1
* 2016: 45th annual - April 2
* 2015: 44th annual - April 4
* 2014: 43rd annual - April 5
* 2013: 42nd annual - April 6
* 2012: 41st annual - April 7
* 2011: 40th annual - April 2
* 2010: 39th annual - April 3
* 2009: 38th annual - April 4
* 2008: 37th annual - April 5
* 2007: 36th annual - April 7
* 2006: 35th annual - April 1
* 2005: 34th annual - April 2
* 2004: 33rd annual - April 3
* 2003: 32nd annual - April 5
# 87th New York Infantry Regiment

New York U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865 :
| Previous | Next |
| 86th New York Infantry Regiment | 88th New York Infantry Regiment |
The 87th New York Infantry Regiment (aka "13th Brooklyn" or 13th New York State Militia) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 87th New York Infantry was organized at Brooklyn, New York beginning November 14, 1861, and mustered in for three-years' service on November 20, 1861, under the command of Colonel Stephen A. Dodge.
The regiment was attached to 3rd Brigade, Casey's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, III Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, III Corps, to September 1862.
The 87th New York Infantry ceased to exist on September 6, 1862, when it was consolidated with 40th New York Volunteer Infantry. Company B was transferred to the 173rd New York Volunteer Infantry on September 11, 1862.

## Detailed service

Left New York for Washington, D.C., December 2, 1861. Duty in the Department of Washington until March 1862. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10–15. Ordered to the Peninsula, Va., March 17. Siege of Yorktown April 5 – May 4. Skirmish at Yorktown April 11. Battle of Williamsburg May 5. Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks May 31 – June 1. Seven days before Richmond June 25 – July 1. Battle of Oak Grove June 25. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison's Landing until August 16. Movement to Fort Monroe, then to Centreville August 16–26. Pope's Campaign in northern Virginia August 26 – September 2. Action at Bristoe Station or Kettle Run August 27. Buckland's Bridge, Broad Run, August 27. Battle of Groveton August 29. Second Battle of Bull Run August 30. Battle of Chantilly September 1.

## Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 49 men during service; 1 officer and 22 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded; 26 enlisted men died of disease.

## Commanders

* Colonel Stephen A. Dodge

## In popular culture

* In Ghostbusters: The Video Game, the regiment are non-player characters as ghosts who haunted the American Museum of Natural History's American Civil War Exhibit and have been fighting against the ghosts of the Confederate's partisan rangers (irregular military) once commanded by John A. Poindexter, failed to realize that they had died, and the war was over. There, the regiment and the Confederate ghosts are being manipulated by the spirits of Ivo Shandor and Cornelius Wellesly to hinder the Ghostbusters before they face Wellesly. In game, the regiment and their opponents are categorized as Class 4 Full-Torsoed Anchored Manifestations, trapped in the mortal plane and unable to move onto the afterlife due to not being at peace.
# Buszkowo-Parcele

Buszkowo-Parcele is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skulsk, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Buszkówiec

Buszkówiec is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kostrzyn, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Bystrzyca, Konin County

Bystrzyca is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grodziec, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Grodziec, 24 km (15 mi) south-west of Konin, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Byszki

Byszki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ujście, within Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Ujście, 6 km (4 mi) south of Piła, and 79 km (49 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
# Bądków Drugi

Bądków Drugi is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przykona, within Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Bąkowo, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Bąkowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyrzysk, within Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Wyrzysk, 35 km (22 mi) east of Piła, and 83 km (52 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
# Będzieszyn, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Będzieszyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrów Wielkopolski, within Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of the city of Ostrów Wielkopolski and 98 km (61 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Błażejewo, Śrem County

Błażejewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dolsk, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Dolsk, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Śrem, and 48 km (30 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
# Błońsko

Błońsko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rakoniewice, within Grodzisk Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Rakoniewice, 16 km (10 mi) west of Grodzisk Wielkopolski, and 58 km (36 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań.
# Bługowiec

Bługowiec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złotów, within Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south of Złotów and 96 km (60 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
For centuries, the area was part of the Kingdom of Poland and the Greater Poland region (often called the "cradle of Poland"), which beginning in the 10th-century formed the heart of the early Polish state. During the Partitions of Poland beginning in 1772, the area was annexed by Prussia. From 1871 to 1945 the area was part of Germany. In 1945, it rejoined Poland.