OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pseudolaguvia

Pseudolaguvia is a genus of South Asian river catfishes. These species inhabit hill streams and large rivers. P. tenebricosa is found in fast running, clear water; the river has a sandy bottom and numerous rocks and boulders and aquatic vegetation is absent. P. inornata is from clear, shallow, moderately flowing streams with a predominantly sandy bottom. P. muricata is found in clear, shallow, slow-flowing streams with a mixed substrate of sand and detritus; these fish are found amongst detritus in areas with current. P. ferula is also found in swift flowing waters with a mixed rocky/sandy bottom.

## Species

There are currently 22 recognized species in this genus:
* Pseudolaguvia assula H. H. Ng & Conway, 2013
* Pseudolaguvia austrina Radhakrishnan, Sureshkumar & H. H. Ng, 2011
* Pseudolaguvia ferruginea H. H. Ng, 2009
* Pseudolaguvia ferula H. H. Ng, 2006
* Pseudolaguvia flavida H. H. Ng, 2009
* Pseudolaguvia foveolata H. H. Ng, 2005
* Pseudolaguvia fucosa H. H. Ng, Lalramliana & Lalronunga, 2016
* Pseudolaguvia inornata H. H. Ng, 2005
* Pseudolaguvia jiyaensis Tamang & Sinha, 2014
* Pseudolaguvia kapuri (Tilak & Husain, 1975)
* Pseudolaguvia lapillicola Britz, A. Ali & Raghavan, 2013
* Pseudolaguvia magna Tamang & Sinha, 2014
* Pseudolaguvia meghalayaensis Yumnam Lokeshwor and Pringranchi Dokgre Marak. 2022
* Pseudolaguvia muricata H. H. Ng, 2005
* Pseudolaguvia nepalensis
* Pseudolaguvia nubila H. H. Ng, Lalramliana, Lalronunga & Lalnuntluanga, 2013
* Pseudolaguvia ribeiroi (Hora, 1921) (Painted catfish)
* Pseudolaguvia shawi (Hora, 1921)
* Pseudolaguvia spicula H. H. Ng & Lalramliana, 2010
* Pseudolaguvia tenebricosa Britz & Ferraris, 2003
* Pseudolaguvia tuberculata (Prashad & Mukerji, 1929)
* Pseudolaguvia vespa Praveenraj, Vijayakrishnan, Lima & Gurumayum, 2021
* Pseudolaguvia virgulata H. H. Ng & Lalramliana, 2010
* Pseudolaguvia viriosa H. H. Ng & Tamang, 2012

## Description

Externally, these fish resemble members of the sisorid catfish genus Glyptothorax. Pseudolaguvia is diagnosed by the presence of a short thoracic adhesive apparatus with median depression; wide gill openings nearly meeting one another on the underside of the body; serrations on anterior margin of pectoral fin spine pointing toward tip; smooth to granulate anterior margin on the dorsal fin spine; slender body; papillate upper lip; and 8–10 anal fin rays. Both the dorsal fin and pectoral fin have strong spines. The head and body are slightly depressed. The eyes are small, dorsal, and located in the middle of the head. The barbels are annulated with black rings.
# Puente Blanco

The Puente Blanco (English: White Bridge) is a historic railway bridge that spans hundred and fifty feet deep and thirty six metres wide gorge across the Quebrada Mala Canyon, near Quebradillas, Puerto Rico. The bridge is the only reinforced concrete bridge in the area and the highest of its kind in Puerto Rico. It was built in 1922 by the American Railroad Company to replace a 1907 steel bridge as part of the construction of the national railway system that connected the island during the first half of the twentieth century. It was built on a concrete platform that held the existing steel bridge without interrupting the passage of the railway. The new bridge could hold two locomotives of 84 tons each. It was designed by Etienne Totti from Yauco who was the head engineer for the company. The bridge was restored by the municipality of Quebradillas, unfortunately as part of the repair the base was widened altering the character of the structure and hindering the view of the bridge. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 and on the Puerto Rico Register of Historic Sites and Zones in 2000.
# Kuro Burger

Kuro Burger ('Kuro' means 'black' in Japanese) is a product line of hamburger sold by the Japanese franchises of the Burger King fast food restaurant chain since 2014. The buns and the cheese of the hamburger are colored black with bamboo charcoal. The ketchup and the onions on the hamburger are colored black with squid ink.
The first Kuro Burger by Burger King was introduced in Japan in 2012 to celebrate the company's fifth year in Japan. In October 2013, a Kuro Ninja Burger was launched as part of a promotional campaign for Burger King Japan, with a "design" inspired by the character Kuro Ninja. The Kuro Burger was permanently added to Burger King's menus in Japan in September 2014.
The Kuro Burger is also sold in Indonesia.
# Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area

The Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area is a 12,270 km$^2$ (4,740 sq mi) government administered Strictly Protected Area in the Khentii aimag (province) in Eastern Mongolia. Strictly Protected Areas are regions of land designated by the Mongolian government as wildlife preservation areas. Herding and tourism are tightly controlled, and hunting and mining are prohibited. However, the budget for maintaining and protecting these areas is quite small.
The Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area is located in the Khentii Mountains, and includes the sacred Burkhan Khaldun mountain. This is considered to be the birthplace of Genghis Khan, as well as one of the rumored locations of his tomb.
# The Mysterious Universe

The Mysterious Universe is a popular science book by the British astrophysicist Sir James Jeans, first published in 1930 by the Cambridge University Press. In the United States, it was published by Macmillan.
The book is an expanded version of the Rede Lecture delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1930. It begins with a full-page citation of the famous passage in Plato's Republic, Book VII, laying out the allegory of the cave. The book made frequent reference to the quantum theory of radiation, begun by Max Planck in 1900, to Albert Einstein's general relativity, and to the new theories of quantum mechanics of Heisenberg and Schrödinger, of whose philosophical perplexities the author seemed well aware.
A second edition appeared in 1931. The book was reprinted 15 times between 1930 and 1938 and in September 2007 (ISBN 978-0548451168).

## Contents

* Foreword
* The Dying Sun
* The New World of Modern Physics
* Matter and Radiation
* Relativity and the Ether
* Into the Deep Waters
* Index
There are two pages of photographic plates:
* "The Depths of Space," taken with the Mount Wilson observatory;
* "The Diffraction of Light and of Electrons," bearing out the wave nature of electrons and protons predicted by quantum theory.
The US edition has woodcut illustrations by the painter Walter Tandy Murch.

## Criticism

The book was denounced by the Cambridge philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, "Jeans has written a book called The Mysterious Universe and I loathe it and call it misleading. Take the title...I might say that the title The Mysterious Universe includes a kind of idol worship, the idol being Science and the Scientist."
# Azurio tuskfish

The Azurio tuskfish (Choerodon azurio), also known as the scarbreast tuskfin, is a species of wrasse native to the western Pacific, where it occurs off the coasts of eastern Asia. It can be found in areas with rocky substrates at depths from 8 to 50 m (26 to 164 ft). This species can reach a length of 40 cm (16 in). It can be found in the aquarium trade. It is threatened by overfishing and habitat loss; it is a popular target for spearfishers and is considered an excellent food fish.
Terminal phase adults can be distinguished from initial phase adults by the nearly black caudal fin.

## Gallery

* Juvenile
* Adult
* At a market
* Illustration by Kawahara Keiga, 1823 - 1829.
# Lea Schwer

Lea Schwer (born 13 January 1982) is a Swiss beach volleyball player.
About a week before the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, the Austrian team Montagnolli - Swoboda, pulled out of the competition, because of medical reasons. Schwer and her team mate Simone Kuhn, replaced them, and competed at the 2008 Olympic beach volleyball tournament.

## Sponsors

Swatch
# Georges Philippe (chess player)

Georges Philippe (7 December 1935 – 5 September 2010) was a Luxembourgish chess player, four times Luxembourg Chess Championship winner (1958, 1961, 1965, 1966), Chess Olympiad individual bronze medal winner (1976).

## Biography

From the end 1950s to the end 1970s Georges Philippe was one of the leading Luxembourgish chess players. He won the Luxembourg Chess Championship four times, in 1958, 1961, 1965, and 1966. In 1955, in Antwerp Georges Philippe participated in World Junior Chess Championship and shared 21st - 22nd place. In 1963, he participated in World Chess Championship European Zonal Tournament.
Georges Philippe played for Luxembourg in the Chess Olympiads:
* In 1954, at third board in the 11th Chess Olympiad in Amsterdam (+0, =0, -11),
* In 1956, at first reserve board in the 12th Chess Olympiad in Moscow (+0, =8, -5),
* In 1962, at second board in the 15th Chess Olympiad in Varna (+6, =4, -10),
* In 1964, at second board in the 16th Chess Olympiad in Tel Aviv (+3, =3, -6),
* In 1966, at first board in the 17th Chess Olympiad in Havana (+3, =6, -6),
* In 1968, at third board in the 18th Chess Olympiad in Lugano (+2, =2, -7),
* In 1970, at second board in the 19th Chess Olympiad in Siegen (+2, =4, -5),
* In 1972, at first board in the 20th Chess Olympiad in Skopje (+2, =3, -7),
* In 1974, at second reserve board in the 21st Chess Olympiad in Nice (+5, =5, -4),
* In 1976, at first reserve board in the 22nd Chess Olympiad in Haifa (+5, =3, -1) and won individual bronze medal,
* In 1978, at second reserve board in the 23rd Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+3, =4, -2).
Georges Philippe played for Luxembourg in the European Team Chess Championship preliminaries:
* In 1973, at second reserve board in the 5th European Team Chess Championship preliminaries (+0, =0, -2).
Georges Philippe also played correspondence chess. His main achievement in the correspondence chess is the victory in the B tournament of the Eduard Dyckhoff memorial (1954–1956).
# Evangelistria Church, Piraeus

The Holy Church of Evangelistria (Greek: Ιερός Ναός Ευαγγελίστριας Πειραιώς) is located in the homonymous district of Piraeus. The church of Evangelistria began to be built in 1893 according to the plans of the municipal architect Georgios Zizilas. Emmanouil Papakonstantinou, who succeeds him, supervises and undertakes the construction plans. In 1898, the construction of the church was completed. At the same time, materials from the unfinished temple of the Tzaneio Hospital are also being used.
It is a three-aisled basilica with two lateral projections, so as to create a kind of cruciform arrangement. Originally it had no dome and spire. In 1897, a spire will be added to the axis of the west face and the lateral stairs of the south face. Between 1899 and 1901, the enlarged narthex was built and the ground-floor annexes (the confessional and the novice's residence) were rebuilt. Its morphology is neoclassical: flat corner stones, Corinthian capitals, pseudo-isodomic masonry of the lower level of the facade.
# Nicolas Nancey

Nicolas Nancey, real name Nicolas Zouros, (1874 – 13 October 1925) was a French dramatist and screenwriter.
Once referred to as a successor of Eugène Labiche and Georges Feydeau, he wrote fifteen plays in the vaudeville as well as boulevard genre, in collaboration with dramatists such as Paul Armont, Henry de Gorsse or André Mouëzy-Éon.

## Theatre

* 1916: La Ventouse, one-act play cowritten with Jean Manoussi
* 1925: Un petit nez retroussé, comédie-vaudeville in four acts cowritten with André Birabeau

### in collaboration with Paul Armont

* 1905: Le Truc du Brésilien
* 1906: Le Trèfle à quatre
* 1909: Théodore et Cie
* 1920: Le Zèbre

### in collaboration with Jean Rioux

* 1912: Pétoche, vaudeville in two acts
* 1913: Monsieur le juge, vaudeville in four acts
* 1914: Faute de grives, vaudeville in one act

### in collaboration with André Mouëzy-Éon

* 1919: L'Héritier du bal Tabarin
* 1925: Il est cocu, le chef de gare

### in collaboration with Henry de Gorsse

* 1921: Trois poules pour un coq, vaudeville in 3 acts
* 1921: Oscar ! Tu le seras, vaudeville in 3 acts
* 1922: Le Coup d'Abélard, vaudeville in 3 acts
* 1923: Un homme de paille, vaudeville in 3 acts
* La Petite Dame du wagon-lit

## Filmography

* 1916: La trovata del brasiliano [it], directed by Filippo Castamagna, based on the play Le Truc du Brésilien
* 1920: The Glad Eye, directed by Kenelm Foss and James Reardon, based on the play Le Zèbre
* 1923: À la gare, directed by Robert Saidreau
* 1925: Teodoro e socio, directed by Mario Bonnard, based on the play Théodore et Cie
* 1927: The Glad Eye, directed by Maurice Elvey, based on the play Le Zèbre
* 1932: Le Truc du Brésilien, directed by Alberto Cavalcanti, based on the play Le Truc du Brésilien
* 1932: Ah! Quelle gare!, directed by René Guissart, based on the play Il est cocu, le chef de gare
* 1933: Théodore et Cie [fr], directed by Pierre Colombier, based on the play Théodore et Cie
* 1933: L'Héritier du bal Tabarin, directed by Jean Kemm, based on the play L'Héritier du bal Tabarin
* 1936: La Petite Dame du wagon-lit, directed by Maurice Cammage, based on the play La Petite Dame du wagon-lit
* 1939: Un mare di guai, directed by Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia, based on the play Théodore et Cie
* 1941: Station Master, directed by Jan Sviták, based on the play Il est cocu, le chef de gare
* 1946: El tercer huésped [es], directed by Eduardo Boneo, based on the play Il est cocu, le chef de gare
# Christian O'Sullivan

Christian O'Sullivan (born 22 August 1991) is a Norwegian handball player who plays for SC Magdeburg and the Norwegian national team. He is currently the captain of the Norwegian national team.
He participated at the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship.

## Career

O'Sullivan began his career in the Norwegian club Bækkelagets SK. In 2014, he moved to the Swedish club Kristianstad, where he won twice the Swedish Championship. In 2016, O'Sullivan moved to German club SC Magdeburg.
# Octopus (English band)

Octopus were an English psychedelic rock band, resulting from renaming a Hatfield (UK) based band named the Cortinas in late 1968. At the time of the renaming the group consisted of founder members Paul Griggs and his brother Nigel Griggs, Rick Williams and Nigel (Gary) Whinyates. As the Cortinas they released one single on Polydor in 1968. As Octopus they released one LP Restless Night on Penny Farthing in April 1971, along with several singles from 1969 to 1971.
Octopus supported many well-known groups including Cream and Yes and had several members who later joined famous groups: including drummer Brian Glascock, who replaced Nigel Whinyates in late 1969, John Cook and Tim Reeves of Mungo Jerry, and brother Nigel Griggs himself and Malcolm Green, both later of the New Zealand group, Split Enz. Paul Griggs was later a founding member of the pop group Guys 'n' Dolls.
# Kmeťovo

Kmeťovo (Hungarian: Gyarak) is a village and municipality in the Nové Zámky District in the Nitra Region of south-west Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1214

## Geography

The village lies at an altitude of 134 metres and covers an area of 5.196 km². It has a population of about 960 people.

## Ethnicity

The population is 100% Slovak.

## Facilities

The village has a public library, football pitch and Catholic church.

### Catholic church

The Catholic church was built in 1882, and it was a part of the parish of Michal nad Zitavou, a village and municipality in the Nové Zámky District in the Nitra Region of southwest Slovakia.
Considered to be an important historical monument for people in Kmetovo, Slovakia, this Roman Catholic church was dedicated in 1994 as Our Lady of the Rosary. The church was designed in a classical style, with construction being completed in 1882. Due to the water-logged soils of the marsh that the church was built on, several attempts were made at creating a drainage area behind the church, but to no avail. The church then underwent extensive reconstruction in 1942 to stabilize its construction and solve the drainage problem. An extension to the church was completed in 1994. In 2001, the church interior and exterior was repainted, the roof was replaced, and a gilded cross was added to its spire.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Nitra, Slovakia"
* Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1722-1896 (parish B)
# Zdzisław Hoffmann

Zdzisław Hoffmann (born 27 August 1959) is a retired triple jumper from Poland. He is best known for winning the gold medal at the inaugural 1983 World Championships, for which he was named Polish Sportspersonality of the Year at the end of the year.

## Career

He was born in Świebodzin. He finished twelfth at the 1980 European Indoor Championships and competed at the 1980 Olympic Games without reaching the final. In 1983 he won the triple jump event at the inaugural 1983 World Championships. For this he was named the Polish Sportspersonality of the Year at the end of the year.
He finished twelfth at the 1987 World Championships and eighth at the 1988 European Indoor Championships. He became Polish champion in 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1989, and Polish indoor champion in 1980, 1983, 1984, 1987 and 1988.
His personal best jump 17.53 metres, achieved in June 1985 in Madrid. His personal best long jump was 8.09 metres, achieved in May 1983 in Warsaw.
His son, Karol Hoffmann, is also a triple jump athlete.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Poland |||||
| 1980 | European Indoor Championships | Sindelfingen, West Germany | 12th | 16.03 m |
| 1980 | Olympic Games | Moscow, Soviet Union | 16th (q) | 15.35 m |
| 1983 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 1st | 17.42 m |
| 1984 | Friendship Games | Moscow, Soviet Union | 12th | 16.42 m |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | 12th | 16.58 m |
| 1988 | European Indoor Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 8th | 16.56 m |
# George Siemens

George Siemens is a Canadian expatriate professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Arlington and professor and director of the Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning at the University of South Australia. He is known for his theory of connectivism, which seeks to understand learning in the digital age. He played a role in the early development of massive online open courses (MOOCs).

## Education

Siemens earned his PhD in psychology at the University of Aberdeen in 2011 under the supervision of Frank Rennie, Martin Weller, and Robin Mason. His thesis developed the Sensemaking Wayfinding Information Model (SWIM) to understand individual behavior in social networks.

## Career

Siemens joined the faculty and staff of The University of Texas at Arlington in December 2013 as the executive director of the Learning Innovation and Networked Knowledge Research Lab or LINK Lab, which opened in spring of 2014. Siemens commenced his role at the University of South Australia in 2017 as the Director of the Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning. He was formerly a professor at the Center for Distance Education and a researcher and strategist with the Technology Enhanced Knowledge Research Institute (TEKRI) at Athabasca University in Alberta, Canada, where he now serves as an adjunct professor. At Athabasca, he worked with social networked technologies. Prior to Athabasca University, Siemens held a post as the Associate Director of Research and Development with the Learning Technologies Centre at the University of Manitoba.
Siemens has received honorary doctorates from the Universidad de San Martin de Porres (May 2012) and the University of the Fraser Valley (June 2014).

## Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

In 2008, Siemens and Stephen Downes designed and taught a massive online open course (MOOC) which was reported as a "landmark in the small but growing push toward 'open teaching'" by the Chronicle of Higher Education.

### Distinction between cMOOCs and xMOOCs

Siemens distinguishes his teaching as connectivist MOOCs, or cMOOCs, as distinguished from institutional MOOC offerings, called xMOOCs, which he says tend to be either instructivist or constructivist. Siemens, together with Baker, Gasevic, and Rose, as well as others like Mitros and Cormier, have been working on bridging the two formats.
# Ramathibodi Hospital railway halt

Ramathibodi Hospital Halt (Thai: ที่หยุดรถโรงพยาบาลรามาธิบดี, RTGS: Thi Yut Rot Rong Phayaban Ramathibodi) is a railway halt in Ratchathewi District, Bangkok. It is served by most commuter and ordinary trains coming to and from Bangkok Hua Lamphong station and one from Rangsit. This halt is located about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) from Bangkok Station and was opened in 2007 to serve the adjacent Ramathibodi Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. It is located next to Chitralada railway station for the Chitralada Royal Villa, which is only used by the Royal Family in traveling by train.
# South Sea Fleet

The Southern Theater Command Navy (STCN), or the South Sea Fleet (SSF) until 2018, is a formation of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and the naval component of the Southern Theater Command.

## History

In December 1949, the Fourth Field Army transferred personnel from the 15th Army to create the Guangdong Military Region Riverine Defense Command. The Riverine Defense Command commanded the Wanshan Archipelago Campaign in May to August 1950 and was the "nucleus" of the South Central China Military Region Navy created by the Fourth Field Army in December 1950. The military region's navy became the PLAN's South Sea Fleet in 1955.
The SSF won the Battle of the Paracel Islands against South Vietnam in 1974. China's first anti-piracy patrol to Somalia deployed from the SSF in December 2008.

## Components

STCN headquarters is at Zhanjiang, with bases in Sanya and Guangzhou. The bases at Sanya include Yulin Naval Base and Longpo Naval Base, the latter for submarines. It controls coastal defenses west from to Dongshan County and in the South China Sea.
In 2016, subunits included:
* 2nd Destroyer Zhidui
* 9th Destroyer Zhidui
* 11th Fastboat Dadui
* Unidentified Fastboat Zhidui
* Operations Support Ship Zhidui
* 8th Air Division
* 9th Air Division
* 1st Marine Brigade
* 164th Marine Brigade
* China portal
# Broomstick (disambiguation)

A Broomstick is the stick of a broom.
Broomstick or Broomsticks may also refer to:
* Broomstick (horse), a racehorse
* Broomstick, an experimental flying wing developed by AeroVironment

## In music

* Broom, Broomstick or Brush, a type of percussion mallet
* "Broomstick", a song on the B-side of a version of Paul McCartney's Flaming Pie album

## In christian mythology and fiction

A broom, when described as a means of transport for witches and others who perform magic, is often called a broomstick. As such, it is what one rides on during a game of Quidditch.
* The Three Broomsticks, a fictional restaurant in the Harry Potter universe
** formed after the fictional restaurant, The Three Broomsticks is a real restaurant in the Orlando The Wizarding World of Harry Potter themepark