OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles O'Brien, 5th Viscount Clare

Charles O'Brien, 5th Viscount Clare (1673–1706) was the son of Daniel O'Brien, 3rd Viscount Clare and Philadelphia Lennard. He married Charlotte Bulkeley, daughter of Henry Bulkeley and Sophia Stuart, on 9 January 1696, at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France. Henry Bulkeley was the "Master of the Household" for Kings Charles II and James II.
The family fought as part of the Jacobite Irish Army during the War of the Two Kings, before going into exile in the Flight of the Wild Geese. Charles succeeded his brother Daniel O'Brien, 4th Viscount Clare, to the title as 5th Viscount Clare in the Jacobite Peerage on his brother's death from a mortal wound received in the Battle of Marsaglia, Italy 4 October 1693. Charles was transferred from the Queen's Dismounted Dragoons where he was colonel, to the command of O'Brien's Regiment on 6 April 1696. Later in the year he led the regiment in the siege of Valenza in Lombardy, and the next year they were stationed with the army at Meuse.
By 1698 over one-third of King James’ army was either dead or crippled, and when the treaty of Ryswick ended the war between Louis and William, James’ soldiers were disbanded, unemployed, and homeless. Many became beggars but others joined the Irish Brigade in the Spanish army, while others went to Austria and entered the Catholic Corps.
Hostilities were renewed and Clare’s Regiment was assigned to the Army of Germany for two years in 1701-02. At the Battle of Cremona, in 1702, the Irishmen defended the town against Prince Eugene and the imperial army. The attack was to be a surprise but the Wild Geese foiled the attempt. The following year Lord Clare was promoted to brevet Brigadier of Infantry on 2 April 1703. A few months later on 20 September 1703, the unit took part in the successful Battle of Hochstedt, better known as the Battle of Blenheim and a year later was involved in the unsuccessful battle on 13 August 1704, at the second Battle of Blenheim. Although Clare’s Regiment experienced ups and downs, they were always admired. Two months after Blenheim, Charles rose to the brevet rank of Marshal-de-Camp on 26 October 1704, and a year later Lord Clare was assigned to the Army of the Moselle under the Marshel de Villars. Clare’s Regiment fought in the disastrous Battle of Ramillies on 23 May 1706, where they distinguished themselves with great glory, but Lord Clare was mortally wounded and died at Brussels, Belgium.
Due to the great service the O'Brien family had given to France, and having risked all, King Louis XIV made sure that the regiment was kept in the family, and appointed Lt. Col. Murrough O'Brien (of the Carrigonnell O'Brien's) as its commander until the minor Charles came of age.
Charles O'Brien and Charlotte Bulkeley had two children, Charles O'Brien, 6th Viscount Clare (27 Mar 1699 – 9 Sep 1761) and Henry O'Brien (b. 12 Feb 1701).
# Lajos Csatay

Vitéz Lajos Csatay de Csataj (born as Lajos Tutzentaller on 1 August 1886 – 16 October 1944) was a Hungarian military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence between June 1943 and October 1944.

## Life
### World War I and the Interwar

He fought in World War I and then joined the Hungarian Red Army to fight against the rebelling Slovakian, Romanian, and other nationalists. Between 1919 and 1921 he was a teacher of the Military Academy of Budapest. From 1926 he was a commander of a mixed brigade.

### World War II

In the first year of World War II, he was Chief of Artillery Field Training, until 1 August 1941, when he became commander of the IV Army Corps. With this Corps, he served on the battlefield in the Soviet Union until 3 December 1942, when he was recalled to Hungary, to reform and lead the Hungarian Third Army. Then Miklós Kállay appointed him as Minister of Defence in June 1943. Initially he supported the Nazis and the continuation of the war, but his opinion changed continuously. After the replacement of the Sztójay administration he kept his position. Géza Lakatos, the new prime minister's real aim was leaving the war.

#### Operation Panzerfaust

The cabinet wanted to initiate peace negotiations with the Allies. Miklós Horthy moved to reconsolidate his influence and began considering strategies for surrendering to the Western Allies because he distrusted the Red Army. The attempted coup was unsuccessful. Horthy was captured by Edmund Veesenmayer and his staff later on 15 October and taken to the Waffen SS office, where he was held overnight.
Lajos Csatay was arrested by the Gestapo; as a result he committed suicide along with his wife.

## Awards and decorations

| 1st row | Golden Military Merit Medal on war ribbon with swords | Order of Merit of the Kingdom of Hungary Commander's Cross with Star on war ribbon with swords | Order of Merit of the Kingdom of Hungary Commander's Cross with Star on war ribbon | Order of Merit of the Kingdom of Hungary Officer's Cross |
| 2nd row | Order of the Iron Crown (Austria) 3rd Class with war decoration and swords | Military Merit Cross 3rd Class with war decoration and swords | Silver Military Merit Medal on war ribbon with swords | Bronze Military Merit Medal on war ribbon with swords |
| 3rd row | Hungarian Bronze Military Merit Medal on war ribbon with swords | Hungarian Bronze Military Merit Medal | Karl Troop Cross | Hungarian World War I Commemorative Medal |
| 4th row | Long Service Crosses for Officers 2nd class | Long Service Crosses for Officers 3rd class | 1908 Military Jubilee Cross | Iron Cross 1st Class (1939–1945) |
| Badge | Badge of the Order of Vitéz | Badge of the Order of Vitéz | Badge of the Order of Vitéz | Badge of the Order of Vitéz |
# Károly Csáky

Count Károly Csáky de Körösszeg et Adorján (10 April 1873 – 30 April 1945) was a Hungarian military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence between 1923 and 1929. During World War I he fought on the Eastern Front, where he seriously injured. After the establishment of the Hungarian Soviet Republic he demobilized. In 1923 István Bethlen appointed him as Minister of Defence. As a minister he favoured the Allies examining the cessation of its commission's function, and he covered the gun-running being directed into the country. He also supported the Austrian Heimwehr in the interest of a right wing extremist military coup. In 1929 he resigned from his position. His father was Albin Csáky, a former Minister of Education.
# The Busy Bee Café

The Busy Bee Café is a restaurant in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is a well-known location in the history of the U.S. civil rights movement. In 2022 it was named one of America's Classics by the James Beard Foundation.

## Description

The restaurant specializes in southern and soul food specialties such as catfish, fried chicken, ham hocks, macaroni and cheese, collard greens, and cornbread. Country Living said it was best known for its fried chicken.

## History

The restaurant was opened by Lucy Jackson, a self-taught cook from Carrollton, Georgia, in 1947 on what was at the time called Hunter Street, now Martin Luther King Drive. At that time Hunter Street was one of only two streets in Atlanta where Black entrepreneurs were allowed to open businesses and where Black diners were welcome in restaurants.
The Busy Bee and Paschal's became meeting places for civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Hosea Williams. According to Unique Eats and Eateries of Atlanta, the restaurant is "as well known for its role in the civil rights movement as it is for its fried chicken."
In 1968 Jackson sold the restaurant to two local businessmen. In 1981 Milton Gates bought it.
As of 2022 the restaurant is owned by Tracy Gates, who took over from her father in 1987.

## Reception

In 2022 the restaurant was named one of America's Classics by the James Beard Foundation. Roadfood called them "the best Southern restaurant in Atlanta. Period."
# Warren Batchelder

Warren Batchelder (April 18, 1917 – February 12, 2007) was an animator on many Warner Bros. and DePatie-Freleng cartoons. He worked as animation director on the Dungeons and Dragons cartoon show, and he did the animation for the Peanuts TV Special in 1976 It's Arbor Day, Charlie Brown. He also did the animation for the Peanuts Movie in 1977 Race for Your Life, Charlie Brown, although he was uncredited.

## Career

Batchelder began his animation career in 1936. At Warner Bros., his first known role was working as an assistant animator to Virgil Ross in 1945, before being promoted to a full-fledge animator for Robert McKimson's unit in 1958, his first creding being the Foghorn Leghorn short Feather Bluster. After Warner Bros. Cartoons closed in 1963, Batchelder along with other ex-Warner staff worked for the newly formed DePatie–Freleng Enterprises. He additionally worked for Bill Melendez Productions and Richard Williams' Studio around this time.
Batchelder would continue to work with Friz Freleng and Dave DePatie when their studio was acquired by Marvel in 1980, as well as the newly opened Warner Bros. Animation studio that same year. In 1987 he received the Animation Guild Golden Award, and retired in 2002.
# Liga Futbol Inc.

Liga Futbol Inc. is a Filipino corporation based in Pasig, Metro Manila responsible for managing the Philippines Football League (PFL), the top-flight professional national football league in the Philippines. It was created with the aim to professionalize the PFL and also manages the Copa Paulino Alcantara, the country's domestic cup.
The company was established by the Philippine Football Federation and is meant to operate, manage, and stage competitions sanctioned by the national football federation. The LFI adopted its own logo on 23 April 2018.
# Vinodini Nilkanth

Vinodini Ramanbhai Nilkanth (9 February 1907 – 29 September 1987) was an Indian Gujarati writer, translator, and academic. She wrote novels, essays, short stories, journalist columns, and children's literature.

## Early life

Vinodini Nilkanth was born in Ahmedabad, then part of the Bombay Presidency. Her father was Ramanbhai Nilkanth, a Gujarati novelist and politician. Her mother, Vidyagauri Nilkanth, was a social reformer and educator, and one of the first women in Gujarat to graduate from university. Both of her parents were writers, as well as her sister Sarojini.
Vinodini attended primary school at Mahalakshmi Training College. She went to secondary school at Government Girls High School. In 1928, she completed her Bachelor of Arts with English as her primary subject and Gujarati as a secondary language. In 1930, she went to University of Michigan to study for her Masters in Social Science and Education.

## Career

Vinodini Nilkanth was chief of the Vanita Vishram, an institute in Ahmedabad. She was also the Headmistress of the Municipal Girls High School in Ahmedabad. Later she became a professor at the S. N. D. T Mahila Pathshala. She also wrote columns in newspapers. She was a member of the executive committee of the Gujarat Vidhya Sabha.

## Works

Nilkanth published her first book of essays in her teens. Her short stories revealed her penetration of the human mind, particular the mind of a woman.

### Personal essays

* Rasadwara (1928)
* Nijananda

### Short story collections

* Aarasini Bhitarma (1942)
* Karpasi ane Biji Vartao
* Dil Dariavna Moti (1958)
* Angulino Sparsh (1965)

### Novel

* Kadalivan

### Children's literature

* Shishuranjana (1950)
* Mendini Manjari (1956)
* Balakoni Duniyama Dokiyu
* Safarachand (1964)
* Padchand Kathiyaro (1964)

### Other writings

* Gharno Vahivat (1959)
* Bal Suraksha (1961)
* Muktajanoni Bhoomi (1966).

### Translations

In addition to her own literary work, Nilkanth translated Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice into Gujarat. She also published Sukhni Siddhi, a translation of Bertrand Russell's The Conquest of Happiness.

### Journalistic writings

From 1949, she wrote a column Ghar Gharni Jyoti in a daily paper, Gujarat Samachar, which became very popular. Her journalistic writings as a columnist have been published in five volumes: Ghar Gharni Jyot part 1, 2, 3 & 4 (1955, 1958, 1964 & 1969). The last one, Ghar Diwdi, (1987) was published after her death.

### Adaptation

Nilkanth's short story Dariyav Dil was adapted into Gujarati film Kashino Dikro (1979) directed by Kanti Madia.

## Awards

Her short story collections Dil Dariavna Moti won the Gujarat Sahitya Sabha Award, and her work Angulino Sparsh won the Gujarat government award.
# Margery Byset

Margery Byset (Bisset, Bissett; also Marjery, Margaret, Marie) was an Irish noblewoman belonging to the Bissett family whose marriage to John Mór Tanister MacDonnell in 1399 laid the basis for the Clan Donald claim to the Glens of Antrim, the lordship of which her family had established in the 13th century. She is the ancestress of the Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg.

## Parentage

Margery appears to have been the daughter of the Mac Eoin Bissett, Lord of the Glens, and Sabia O'Neill (died 1387), a princess of the O'Neill dynasty. This is all that is relatively certain, however, because no medieval Bissett pedigree has survived, the family falling from power in the Glens of Antrim in or not long after 1522, following the Battle of Knockavoe, and not being recorded by Duald Mac Firbis in the mid-17th century except in reference to their maternal kin the MacDonnells, who replaced them. Mac Firbis uniquely describes the Bissetts as being of Greek origin, first arriving in England with William the Conqueror. As far as Margery's likely mother Sabia it is possible she was one of the four daughters of Aodh Reamhar Ó Néill, King of Ulster, whose names were unknown to the 19th century genealogist John O'Hart, the O'Neill pedigrees themselves being imperfectly preserved.

## Life

Possibly some time before, or around the time of her marriage to John Mór Tanister, Margery met Richard II of England when he was in Ireland, either during his 1394–1395 campaign to receive the submission of a number of the Irish princes, or later in 1399, the year in which he was deposed. She was "no doubt presented to him, as the daughter of a great northern lord", and retained a memory of his face. After she had come to reside with John in the Isles, the contemporary Scottish poet Andrew of Wyntoun tells of her recognition of a man whom she believed to be the deposed king travelling [dressed] as a poor man. Although Richard is widely believed to have starved to death in captivity in Pontefract Castle in early 1400, there are stories of his having escaped to Scotland where the Lord of the Isles, who had met Richard II in London, took him to safety. Margery vouched for the man, whether Richard II or not, and the Scots believed her. He was naturally dismissed as an impostor by Henry IV, but had a kind of career as an anti-Lancastrian figurehead anyway and died in 1419.

## Issue

* Donald Balloch MacDonald
* possibly Ranald Bane MacDonald
# Landolt C

The Landolt C, also known as a Landolt ring, Landolt broken ring, or Japanese vision test, is an optotype: a standardized symbol used for testing vision. It was developed by the Swiss-born ophthalmologist Edmund Landolt.
The Landolt C consists of a ring that has a gap, thus looking similar to the letter C. The gap can be at various positions (usually left, right, bottom, top and the 45° positions in between) and the task of the tested person is to decide on which side the gap is. The size of the C and its gap are reduced until the subject makes a specified rate of errors. The minimum perceivable angle of the gap is taken as measure of the visual acuity. It is generally practised in the laboratory.
The stroke width is 1⁄5 of the diameter, and the gap width is the same. This is identical to the letter C from a Snellen chart. The Landolt C is the standard optotype for acuity measurement in most European countries. It was standardized, together with measurement procedures, by the German DIN, as DIN 58220 (now EN ISO 8596).
Although accepted as a gold standard, this optotype has its own inherent problems, possibly due to higher brain function where the gap will appear closed near the limit of resolution, especially when the gap is at the 6 o'clock position. This is not due to the structure of the cornea or lens, and it is not due to astigmatic errors.
# Barion Brown

Barion Brown (born December 12, 2003) is an American football wide receiver and return specialist for the LSU Tigers. He previously played for the Kentucky Wildcats.

## Early life

Brown grew up in Nashville, Tennessee and attended Pearl-Cohn Comprehensive High School. As a senior, he rushed for 897 yards and 10 touchdowns on 59 carries and also caught 22 passes for 303 yards and three touchdowns. At the end of the season, Brown was named the Tennessee Titans Class 4A Mr. Football. He also ran track at Pearl-Cohn and won state championships in the 100-meter and 200-meter dash as a junior and as a senior. Brown committed to play college football at Kentucky after considering offers from Alabama, TCU, and Ole Miss. He was the highest-rated receiver to sign with the school.

## College career
### Kentucky

Brown entered his freshman season at Kentucky as the Wildcats' primary kick returner. He returned a kickoff 100 yards for a touchdown in his college debut against Miami of Ohio and was later named the Southeastern Conference (SEC) Special Teams Player of the Week. Brown was also named the SEC co-Freshman of the Week for weeks 4 and 5. He finished the season with 50 receptions for 628 yards and four touchdowns. On December 5, 2024, Brown entered the transfer portal.

### LSU

Brown transferred to LSU on December 14, 2024.
# Finger numbering

The first finger is an ambiguous term in the English language due to two competing finger numbering systems that can be used. It might refer to either the thumb or the index finger, depending on the context. Consequently, also the terms second finger, third finger and fourth finger depend on the numbering system used in the context. Instead, the fifth finger will exclusively refer to the pinky, (also called the little finger), since the term is only used in the five-finger system.

## Finger numbering systems

The ordinal numbers of the fingers of the human hand are numbered ambiguously in the English language. This is due to two competing finger numbering systems that can be used. For instance, the first finger might refer to either the thumb or the index finger, depending on the context.

### Five-finger system

In the five-finger system, the first finger refers to the thumb (or first digit); usually this system is used in a medical context, or in a musical context when referring to playing keyboard instruments, such as the piano or accordion.
Consequently, second finger under this system will refer to the index finger (or second digit), third finger refers to the middle finger (or third digit), fourth finger refers to the ring finger (or fourth digit) and fifth finger refers to the pinky finger (or fifth digit).

### Four-finger system

Here, in the four-finger system, as well as in common English, the first finger refers to the index finger (the finger next to the thumb). This designation carries over in a musical context when referencing the playing of stringed instruments (such as the guitar), woodwind instruments (such as flutes, pipes, or piccolos), and brass instruments (such as horns).
Consequently, second finger under this system will refer to the middle finger, third finger refers to the ring finger, fourth finger refers to the pinky (or little) finger.
# Ioanna Papatheodorou

Ioanna Papatheodorou (born November 27, 2003) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a forward for the Belgian Super League club OH Leuven and the Greece women's national team.

## Club career
### Early career

Papatheodorou played for her club team, Atromitos FC, based in Athens, Greece. She was selected as a forward to play for the Greece women's national football team in 2020.

### UMass Lowell

In 2021, Papatheodorou played in 16 games, and started in 14. She registered 60 shots and scored a team-high 10 goals for 20 points, and was named America East Rookie of the Year and Striker of the Year, as well as earned America East All-Conference First Team honors. She also won United Soccer Coaches Division I Atlantic All-Region honors.
In 2022, she started in 15 games, registered 52 shots and was the second highest goalscorer in the league with 10 goals. She also made 4 assists for a total of 24 points. As a result, she earned First Team All-America East honors and made the United Soccer Coaches Second Team All-Region.
# Richard FitzWilliam, 6th Viscount FitzWilliam

Richard FitzWilliam, 6th Viscount FitzWilliam (24 July 1711 - 25 May 1776), KB, PC, FRS, of Mount Merrion, near Dublin, Ireland, was an Anglo-Irish peer and property developer.

## Origins

He was the eldest son and heir of Richard FitzWilliam, 5th Viscount FitzWilliam by his wife Frances Shelley, a daughter of Sir John Shelley, 3rd Baronet and his first wife Bridget Nevill.

## Career

He replaced his father as Vice-Admiral of Leinster in 1728. He succeeded his father in the viscountcy in 1743 and took his seat in the Irish House of Lords. He was created a Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath (KB) in 1744 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1747. He was sworn of the Irish Privy Council in 1766. He lived for a time at Richmond Green in Surrey with his father-in-law Sir Matthew Decker, 1st Baronet, but later moved back to Mount Merrion, the family's principal seat near Dublin.

## Marriage and children

On 3 May 1744, he married Catherine Decker, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir Matthew Decker, 1st Baronet, a wealthy merchant of Dutch origin, by his wife Henrietta Watkins, at Sir Matthew's house in St James's Square. Horace Walpole thought the marriage notable enough to mention in his correspondence. By Catherine he had issue including:
* Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam (c. 22 August 1745 - 1816), eldest son and heir, who inherited the Decker mansion and art collection at Richmond and died unmarried and without legitimate issue; by his will, he founded the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge.
* William Fitzwilliam, (c. 18 September 1749 Richmond - pre-1816)
* John FitzWilliam, 8th Viscount Fitzwilliam, (c.21 Oct 1752 Richmond – 1830)
* Thomas FitzWilliam, 9th Viscount Fitzwilliam (c.3 September 1755 Richmond - January 1833)
* Henrietta FitzWilliam, (c. 16 October 1746 Richmond - )
* Mary FitzWilliam, (c. 20 August 1748, Richmond - )
* Hon. Catherine FitzWilliam, (c.30 Oct 1753 Richmond - )

## Death

Lord FitzWilliam died on 25 May 1776 at Mount Merrion and was buried at Donnybrook Cemetery.
# Mary O'Brien, 3rd Countess of Orkney

Mary O'Brien, 3rd Countess of Orkney (c. 1721 – 1790) was the eldest daughter of Anne O'Brien, 2nd Countess of Orkney, and William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin, and Countess of Orkney in her own right.
She was deaf and was married by signs, in 1753, to her first cousin, Murrough O'Brien, fifth Earl of Inchiquin, first Marquess of Thomond, and first Baron Thomond, of Taplow, in England, K.P. She lived with her husband at his seat, Rostellan, near Cork Harbour. She succeeded to the Earldom on 6 December 1756, when her mother died without male issue. By his Lordship, she had an only surviving daughter, Mary, the fourth Countess. The Marquess of Thomond died in consequence of his horse falling with him in Grosvenor Square, on 10 February 1808, in his 85th year. The Countess of Orkney died on 10 May 1790.
# Kenneth E. Thorpe

Kenneth E. Thorpe is the Robert W. Woodruff Professor of Health Policy at Emory University, the Chair of the Department of Health Policy and Management in the Rollins School of Public Health, and a former Deputy Assistant Secretary at the Department of Health and Human Services (1993–1995). He is also the Executive Director of the Partnership to Fight Chronic Disease and the Emory Institute for Advanced Policy Solutions.
Appointed as Deputy Assistant Secretary in President Bill Clinton's cabinet, he had a central role in coordinating President Clinton's health care reform proposals.