OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dynamic routing

In computer networking, dynamic routing (DR), also called adaptive routing (AR), is a process where a router can forward data via a different route for a given destination based on the current conditions of the communication circuits within a system. The term is most commonly associated with data networking to describe the capability of a network to 'route around' damage, such as loss of a node or a connection between nodes, as long as other path choices are available. Dynamic routing allows as many routes as possible to remain valid in response to the change.
Systems that do not implement dynamic routing are described as using static routing, where routes through a network are described by fixed paths. A change, such as the loss of a node, or loss of a connection between nodes, is not compensated for. This means that anything that wishes to take an affected path will either have to wait for the failure to be repaired before restarting its journey, or will have to fail to reach its destination and give up the journey.

## All protocols

There are several routing protocols that can be used for dynamic routing. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol that prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from source to destination. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs). Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) determines the best route for data through a packet-switched network. Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) and its advanced form Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) are used by routers to exchange routing data within an autonomous system.

## Alternate paths

Many systems use some next-hop forwarding protocol—when a packet arrives at some node, that node decides on-the-fly which link to use to push the packet one hop closer to its final destination.
Routers that use some adaptive protocols, such as the Spanning Tree Protocol, in order to "avoid bridge loops and routing loops", calculate a tree that indicates the one "best" link for a packet to get to its destination. Alternate "redundant" links not on the tree are temporarily disabled—until one of the links on the main tree fails, and the routers calculate a new tree using those links to route around the broken link.
Routers that use other adaptive protocols, such as grouped adaptive routing, find a group of all the links that could be used to get the packet one hop closer to its final destination. The router sends the packet out any link of that group which is idle. The link aggregation of that group of links effectively becomes a single high-bandwidth connection.

## Outside of computer networks

Dynamic routing in found the brain in relation between sensory and mnemonic signals and decision making, and is a subject of studies in neuroscience.
# Vasuki Vaibhav

Vasuki Vaibhav is an Indian composer and singer, music director, and actor known for his work in Kannada-language films. Vaibhav gained recognition after appearing in Rama Rama Re (2016). He was the second runner-up of Big Boss Kannada Season 7.

## Career

Vasuki started as a theatre artist and started to sing, compose, write lyrics, act and has even produced plays. His breakthrough in Kannada cinema was in the 2016 film Rama Rama Re. His work in Sarkari Hi. Pra. Shaale Kasaragodu Koduge: Ramanna Rai was praised by both audience and critics.

## Discography
### As composer

| Year | Album | Notes |
| 2016 | Rama Rama Re | Composed and Sang three songs |
| 2018 | Aatagadharaa Siva | Telugu remake of Rama Rama Re; Songs only |
| 2018 | Churikatte | |
| 2018 | Sarkari Hi. Pra. Shaale, Kasaragodu, Koduge: Ramanna Rai | |
| 2018 | Ondalla Eradalla | |
| 2019 | Bhinna | Title montage only |
| 2019 | Mundina Nildana | "Innunu Bekagide" song |
| 2019 | Katha Sangama | One of seven music directors |
| 2020 | Law | |
| 2020 | French Biriyani | Also lyricist |
| 2021 | Badava Rascal | |
| 2022 | Man on the Match | |
| 2022 | Harikathe Alla Girikathe | |
| 2023 | Dooradarshana | |
| 2023 | Tatsama Tadbhava | Also lyricist |
| 2023 | Tagaru Palya | Also Actor |
| 2024 | Kotee | Songs and Lyricist |

## As actor

| Year | Film | Role |
| 2016 | Urvi | |
| 2017 | Allama | |
| 2017 | Shuddhi | |
| 2022 | Man of the Match | Himself |
| 2022 | Vikrant Rona | Balakrishna |
| 2023 | Tagaru Palya | groom |
| 2024 | Mafia | Santhosh |

### Web series

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2022 | Honeymoon | Wedding Photographer |

### Television

| Year | Title | Notes | Ref. |
| 2019 | Bigg Boss Kannada 7 | Second Runner Up | |

## Awards

| Movie | Award | Category | Result |
| Sarkari Hi. Pra. Shaale, Kasaragodu, Koduge: Ramanna Rai | 66th Filmfare Awards South | Best Music Director | Won |
| Sarkari Hi. Pra. Shaale, Kasaragodu, Koduge: Ramanna Rai | 8th SIIMA Awards | Best Music Director | Nominated |
| French Biriyani | 9th SIIMA Awards 2020 | Best Music Director | Nominated |
| Badava Rascal | 67th Filmfare Awards South | Best Music Director | Won |
| Badava Rascal | 10th South Indian International Movie Awards | Best Music Director | Nominated |
| Ninna Sanihake | 10th South Indian International Movie Awards | Best Lyricist ("Ninna Sanihake") | Won |
# Alpine Meadow, Berkhamsted

Alpine Meadow is a 0.4 hectare nature reserve near Berkhamsted in Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom. It is a designated biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), managed by the Hertfordshire and Middlesex Wildlife Trust and the planning authority is Dacorum Borough Council.

## Habitat

The small site is a steeply sloping area of meadow and woodland, and it has been designated an SSSI as a rare example of unimproved chalk grassland. Grass species include upright brome, false brome and sheep's fescue, and there are many orchids, especially common twayblade and common spotted orchid. There are also many butterflies, such as marbled white and the rare Duke of Burgundy. The woodland has birds such as green woodpeckers and finches.
The site is always open and there is access by a footpath from Bridle Way.
# Łabędzie, Łódź Voivodeship

Łabędzie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Warta, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 62 km (39 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
# Alexis Korner's Blues Incorporated

Alexis Korner's Blues Incorporated, or simply Blues Incorporated, were an English blues band formed in London in 1961, led by Alexis Korner and including at various times Jack Bruce, Charlie Watts, Terry Cox, Ginger Baker, Art Wood, Long John Baldry, Ronnie Jones, Danny Thompson, Graham Bond, Cyril Davies and Dick Heckstall-Smith.

## History

Korner (1928–1984) was a member of Chris Barber's Jazz Band in the 1950s, and met up with Cyril Davies (1932–1964) who shared his passion for American Blues. In 1954 they teamed up as a duo, began playing blues in London jazz clubs, and opened their own club, the London Blues and Barrelhouse Club, where they featured visiting bluesmen from America. The club embraced aspiring young musicians, including in its early days Charlie Watts, Long John Baldry, and Jack Bruce.
In 1961 Korner and Davies formed Blues Incorporated, the first amplified R&B band in Britain, and brought in singer Baldry (sometimes replaced by Art Wood), drummer Watts, bassist Bruce, and saxophonist Dick Heckstall-Smith. It was an informal band: its membership was intended to be fluid.
On 17 March 1962, Korner and Davies established a regular "Rhythm and Blues Night" at the Ealing Jazz Club. This brought together many more fans of blues and R&B music including Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Brian Jones, Eric Clapton, Rod Stewart, Paul Jones, John Mayall, Zoot Money, and Jimmy Page, some of whom would occasionally sit in at Blues Incorporated performances. Watts left the group around this time to join the Rolling Stones and suggested Ginger Baker as his replacement.
From 3 May 1962, Blues Incorporated secured a Thursday-night residency at the Marquee Club, which brought them to the attention of record producer and promoter Jack Good who arranged a recording contract with Decca Records resulting in the LP R&B from the Marquee, released in late 1962. The album was actually recorded in the Decca studio and featured Baldry as lead singer with songs by Muddy Waters, Jimmy Witherspoon and Leroy Carr.
Late in 1962 Davies disagreed with Korner's intention to add a brass section to the band and turn more towards jazz than blues, so left to form his own group, the Cyril Davies All-Stars, and was replaced by Graham Bond. Blues Incorporated found a new residency at the Flamingo club but, shortly afterwards, Bond, Bruce and Baker left to form the Graham Bond Organisation.
Blues Incorporated concentrated on live work rather than recording and the group only released two singles on Parlophone, "I Need Your Loving" / "Please Please Please Please" (1964) and "Little Baby" / "Roberta" (1965). In 1964 they released the LPs At The Cavern and Red Hot From Alex, with American Herbie Goins as lead singer and Danny Thompson, later of Pentangle, on bass. By the time of the group's last album Sky High (credited to Alexis Korner's Blues Incorporated) in 1965, the group included Duffy Power on vocals. Korner dissolved the group in 1966.

## Discography

* R&B from the Marquee (1962)
* Red Hot From Alex (1964)
* At The Cavern (1964)
* Alexis Korner's Blues Incorporated (1965)
* Sky High (1965)
# Masahira Yoshikata

Masahira Yoshikata (吉形 政衡, Yoshikata Masahira, born 23 August 1982 in Fukuoka Prefecture) is a Japanese hurdler who specialises in the 400 metres hurdles. He competed at the 2007 World Championships.

## Personal best

| Event | Time (s) | Competition | Venue | Date |
| 400 m hurdles | 48.66 | Super Meet | Yokohama, Japan | 19 September 2005 |

## International competition

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Time |
| Representing Japan ||||||
| 2001 | Asian Junior Championships | Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei | 2nd | 400 m hurdles | 51.32 |
| 2001 | Asian Junior Championships | Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei | 1st | 4×400 m relay | 3:12.11 (relay leg: 3rd) |
| 2003 | Universiade | Daegu, South Korea | 7th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 49.80 |
| 2007 | Asian Championships | Amman, Jordan | 4th | 400 m hurdles | 50.94 |
| 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | 29th (h) | 400 m hurdles | 50.59 |
# All the Rivers

All the Rivers (Initially referred to as Borderlife, (Hebrew: גדר חיה Gader Chaya, literally: "Hedgerow") is a 2014 novel written by Israeli author Dorit Rabinyan, published by Am Oved in May 2014. The book's English-language edition was translated by Jessica Cohen and published by Random House in the United States and by Serpent's Tail in the United Kingdom, both in 2017. It is considered a controversial book in Israel.
The novel was a winner of the Bernstein Prize for young writers, an Israeli award for Hebrew literature.

## Plot

The novel, which is set in New York City, chronicles a love affair between Hilmi, a Palestinian artist, and Liat, a Jewish Israeli translator. The two eventually separate, with the man going to Ramallah and the woman going to Tel Aviv.

## Controversy

It became controversial in Israel after being disqualified from Israeli high school curricula for its subject matter of a love story between a Jewish-Israeli woman and a Palestinian man who's of Muslim-Arab background. The novel topped bestseller lists once it was rejected by the Israel Education Ministry. The controversy led to pro-book protests from high school teachers and principals to the Knesset Opposition head, Zionist Union leader Isaac Herzog. Shortly afterward the Ministry stated that the novel may be taught only in advanced literature classes.
Besides the objections to the plot's interreligious relationship, the book has been controversial due to representing the Israel Defense Forces troops as sadistic war criminals. It has been criticized for its encouragement of illegal drug use. In addition, it was reported for calling the State of Israel an "Occupier", while its soldiers are compared to Hamas".

## Film adaptation

In December 2019, a film adaptation of the novel was announced to be in production by Gal Gadot and Keshet International.
# Firefly (website)

Firefly.com (1995–1999) was a community website featuring collaborative filtering.

## History

The Firefly website was created by Firefly Network, Inc.(originally known as Agents Inc.) The company was founded in March 1995 by a group of engineers from MIT Media Lab and some business people from Harvard Business School, including Pattie Maes (Media Lab professor), Upendra Shardanand, Nick Grouf, Max Metral, David Waxman and Yezdi Lashkari. At the Media Lab, under the supervision of Maes, some of the engineers built a music recommendation system called HOMR (Helpful Online Music Recommendation Service; preceded by RINGO, an email-based system) which used collaborative filtering to help navigate the music domain to find other artists and albums that a user might like. With Matt Bruck and Khinlei Myint-U, the team wrote a business plan and Agents Inc took second place in the 1995 MIT 10K student business plan competition. Firefly's core technology was based on the work done on HOMR.
The Firefly website was launched in October 1995. It went through several iterations but remained a community throughout. It was initially created as a community for users to navigate and discover new musical artists and albums. Later it was changed to allow users to discover movies, websites, and communities as well.
Firefly technology was adopted by a number of well-known businesses, including the recommendation engine for barnesandnoble.com, ZDnet, launch.com (later purchased by Yahoo) and MyYahoo.
Since Firefly was amassing large amounts of profile data from its users, privacy became a big concern of the company. They worked with the Federal Government to help define consumer privacy protection in the digital age. They also were key contributors to OPS (Open Profiling Standard), a recommendation to the W3C (along with Netscape and VeriSign) to what eventually became known as the P3P (Platform for Privacy Preferences).
In April 1998, Microsoft purchased Firefly, presumably because of their innovations in privacy, and their long-term goal of creating a safe marketplace for consumers' profile data which the consumer controlled. The Firefly team at Microsoft was largely responsible for the first versions of Microsoft Passport.
Microsoft shut down the website in August 1999.

## Homepages

The Firefly website had distinctive design and graphics. Early designs featured bright colors and a fun and eclectic look. Later redesigns reflected the company's push towards corporate customers and desire to de-emphasize the Firefly community website.
* Firefly homepage circa 1996 ("Tilted Bullseye")
* Firefly homepage circa 1997 ("Economist Red")
* Firefly homepage circa 1998 ("Passport Please")
# 2006 Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast local election

Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast local election, 2006 is a local election in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast that took place on March 26, 2006. Seats were split among five political parties and blocks, which received at least 3% popular vote.

## Overview

The elections were largely won by Our Ukraine Bloc with the greatest majority of 57% in the Yaremche municipality. The lowest popularity of the political bloc was in the biggest cities in the region Ivano-Frankivsk and Kolomyia and if the city of Ivano-Frankivsk Our Ukraine marginally has won, the Kolomyia municipality was decisively "overtaken" by the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc.
The greatest support for the region's third party Ukrainian National Bloc was shown in the western corner of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast where in the Bolekhiv municipality and the Dolyna Raion the party managed to make over 10% mark. Also, remarkable performance of the Revival of Prykarapattya that even though barely made it to the regional council it had a substantial support in the Verkhovyna Raion where it, however, became the third party. Revival of Prykarpattya also became third in the Kolomyia municipality and the Kolomyia Raion.

## Results

Seats and percentage
Our Ukraine Bloc (62)
40.60%
Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (37)
24.44%
Ukrainian National Bloc (9)
6.00%
Bloc "National choice" (7)
4.71%
Revival of Prykarapattya (5)
3.01% :

### Presidium of the Council

* Chairman: Ihor Oliynyk (Our Ukraine Bloc - Rukh)
* First Deputy Chairman: Zinoviy Berehovsky (Our Ukraine Bloc - Our Ukraine)
* Deputy Chairman: Ostap Dzesa (Our Ukraine Bloc - PPPU)
* Director of Council's secretariat: Vasyl Losyuk

## Ivano-Frankivsk city council

Seats and percentage
Our Ukraine Bloc (22)
36.67%
Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (17)
28.33%
Ukrainian National Bloc (14)
23.33%
Party of Regions (4)
6.67%
PORA (3)
5.00% :

### Mayor

Viktor Anuškevičius (Ukrainian National Bloc - Ukrainian People's Party)
# Francesco II d'Este

Francesco II d'Este (6 March 1660 – 6 September 1694) was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1662 to 1694.

## Biography

He was born in Modena to Alfonso IV d'Este, duke of Modena, and Laura Martinozzi, niece of Cardinal Mazarin. His sister, Mary of Modena, married the future James II of England in 1673 and became queen of England in 1685. Their child, and therefore Francesco's nephew, was James, the Old Pretender who struggled to regain the throne of England during the 1715 Jacobite rebellion.
He became duke at the age of two. His mother, pious and rigorous, served as his regent until 1674, filling state offices with clerics under the advice of her Jesuit confessor Father Garimberti. When she left to accompany the princess to England, Francesco assumed control at the age of fourteen. His character changed dramatically in the free and easy company of his cousin, principe Cesare Ignazio d'Este, and after her return the dowager duchess withdrew from court.
Francesco's foreign policy was affected by the requirements of Louis XIV, his sister's patron after 1688, but he resisted French attempts to interfere in the duchies. A Franco Modenese alliance was proposed with Francesco and a princess of the House of Lorraine, Béatrice Hiéronyme, the eldest daughter of François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne. The marriage never materialised and instead, he married Margherita Maria Farnese.
The couple had no children and when Francesco died heirless in 1694 after just two years of marriage, he was succeeded by his half-uncle Cardinal Rinaldo d'Este, who renounced his ecclesiastical career and cardinalate for this purpose.
He learned the violin as a boy and the court orchestra was revived for him when he was eleven; one of the musicians employed there was Giovanni Maria Bononcini. Francesco was a lavish and discerning patron of music, and the composer Arcangelo Corelli dedicated his Op. 3 trio sonatas (Rome, 1689) to him. His library has remained substantially complete in the Biblioteca Estense, Modena.
# Mugabe family

The Mugabe family is a Zimbabwean family. Many of its members are involved in politics and business. It includes former president Robert Mugabe and former first lady Grace Mugabe.

## Members

* Robert Mugabe (21 February 1924 – 6 September 2019), revolutionary, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987, President from 1987 to 2017 leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union from 1975 to 1980 and leader of ZANU – Patriotic Front from 1980 to 2017.
* Sarah Francesca "Sally" Mugabe (née Hayfron; born 6 June 1931 Gold Coast, Ghana, died 27 January 1992) first wife of Robert, First Lady of Zimbabwe from 1987 to 1992.
* Nhamodzenyika Mugabe (1963 – 1966) Robert's first son, born in Ghana to mother Sally, died three years later of malaria.
* Grace Mugabe (née Ntombizodwa; born 23 July 1965) entrepreneur, politician a First Lady of Zimbabwe from 1996 to 2017
* Robert Mugabe junior, second son of Robert and Grace, fashion designer, born c. 1992
* Bellarmine Chatunga Mugabe, youngest son of Robert and Grace
* Bona Mugabe (born 18 April 1988), the only daughter of Robert and Grace, business person
* Sandra Mugabe, Robert's niece, is married to Adam Molai, founder and longtime chairman of Pacific Cigarette Company

## Offices held

* Prime Minister of Zimbabwe, 1980 – 1987
* President of Zimbabwe, 1987 – 2017
* Zimbabwe African National Union leader, 1975 – 1980
* ZANU – Patriotic Front leader, 1980 – 2017
* First Lady of Zimbabwe, 1987 – 1992 and 1996 – 2017
# Gugang, Liuyang

Gugang (simplified Chinese: 古港镇; traditional Chinese: 古港鎮; pinyin: Gǔgǎng Zhèn) is a rural town in Liuyang City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. As of the 2015 census it had a population of 62,700 and an area of 210 square kilometres (81 sq mi). The town is bordered to the north by Fushoushan Town of Pingjiang County, to the east by Yanxi Town, to the southeast by Yonghe Town, to the west by Chunkou Town and Guankou subdistrict, to the south by Gaoping Town, and to the northwest by Shegang Town.

## History

In 2015, the former Gugang Town and Sankou Town (Chinese: 三口镇) merged to form the new Gugang Town.

## Administrative division

The town is divided into 12 villages and four communities, the following areas:
* Taoyuan Community (桃园社区)
* Gugang Community (古港社区)
* Gucheng Community (古城社区)
* Guojiating Community (郭家亭社区)
* Fanshi Village (范市村)
* Xianzhou Village (仙洲村)
* Mianjiang Village (沔江村)
* Meitianhu Village (梅田湖村)
* Jinyuan Village (金园村)
* Xinyuan Village (新园村)
* Yangang Village (燕港村)
* Huacheng Village (花城村)
* Baogaisi Village (宝盖寺村)
* Bailu Village (白路村)
* Huaxiang Village (华湘村)
* Dongying Village (东盈村)

## Geography

Mountains located adjacent to and visible from the townsite are: Mount Xiangluguan (Chinese: 香炉罐; 278.7-metre (914 ft)) and Mount Hanpo'ao (Chinese: 寒婆坳; 1,244.3-metre (4,082 ft)).
Liuyang River, also known as the mother river, flows through the town.
The town has two reservoirs: Guojiachong Reservoir (Chinese: 郭家冲水库) and Meitian Reservoir (Chinese: 梅田水库).

## Economy

The economy is supported primarily by farming and ranching.

## Education

Gugang Middle School is the only junior highschool in Gugang. Besides, the No.3 senior highschool of Liuyang is settled here.

## Transportation
### Expressway

The Changsha–Liuyang Expressway, from Changsha, running west to east through the town to Jiangxi.

### Provincial Highway

The Provincial Highway S309 passes across the town west to east.

## Attractions

Huanglongxia Rafting (黄龙峡漂流; 'Yellow Dragon Gorge Rafting') is a famous scenic spot in the town.