OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Annals of Mathematics

The Annals of Mathematics is a mathematical journal published every two months by Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study.

## History

The journal was established as The Analyst in 1874 and with Joel E. Hendricks as the founding editor-in-chief. It was "intended to afford a medium for the presentation and analysis of any and all questions of interest or importance in pure and applied Mathematics, embracing especially all new and interesting discoveries in theoretical and practical astronomy, mechanical philosophy, and engineering". It was published in Des Moines, Iowa, and was the earliest American mathematics journal to be published continuously for more than a year or two. This incarnation of the journal ceased publication after its tenth year, in 1883, giving as an explanation Hendricks' declining health, but Hendricks made arrangements to have it taken over by new management, and it was continued from March 1884 as the Annals of Mathematics. The new incarnation of the journal was edited by Ormond Stone (University of Virginia). It moved to Harvard in 1899 before reaching its current home in Princeton in 1911.
An important period for the journal was 1928–1958 with Solomon Lefschetz as editor. Norman Steenrod characterized Lefschetz' impact as editor as follows: "The importance to American mathematicians of a first-class journal is that it sets high standards for them to aim at. In this somewhat indirect manner, Lefschetz profoundly affected the development of mathematics in the United States."
Princeton University continued to publish the Annals on its own until 1933, when the Institute for Advanced Study took joint editorial control. Since 1998, it has been available in an electronic edition, alongside its regular print edition. The electronic edition was available without charge, as an open access journal, but since 2008, this is no longer the case. Issues from before 2003 were transferred to the non-free JSTOR archive, and articles are not freely available until 5 years after publication.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Science Citation Index, Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences, and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 5.246, ranking it third out of 330 journals in the category "Mathematics".
# Ploča (Aleksandrovac)

Ploča (Serbian: Плоча) is a village in the municipality of Aleksandrovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 400 people.
# Theatre photography

Theatre photography first took place in the photographer's studio before the photographer could come to the theatre with the appropriate technical equipment and take pictures on stage. Theatre photography is a genre of photography. Its motifs [de] are performers on theatre stages as well as scenery or (rarely) prop or stage design. Trends in theatre photography are drama, opera, ballet, puppet theatre, cabaret, variety show and portraits of artists.

## Genre

Theatre photography serves as documentation and advertising for a theatre. Documentation includes the capturing of an artistic expression, the presentation, the realization of the theme and also the stage design. Recordings of theatre scenes and performers are used in showcases, for theatre posters, programme booklets and advertisements. The most extensive use of theatre photos is in the media, mainly to illustrate reviews and reviews, more often to announce new productions.
Professional theatre photographers are usually self-employed and are booked for the respective production, although contracts for the entire theatre season are quite common. Some large theatres have their own advertising department, in which permanently committed photographers also work.

## Practice

The use of digital single-lens reflex camera and fast objectives with different focal length - depending on the size of the stage - enables the theater photographer to react to the most diverse light moods on stage. Many theatre photographers also shoot in raw image format to compensate for colour cast and deviating colour temperature in the digital workflow. In addition, digital photography allows a quick and timely publication of the photos in mass media.
Photographs are mainly taken only during rehearsals so that the performance is not affected. There are often extra "photo and TV rehearsals" before the premiere, to which press photographers are invited. Photo and TV rehearsals, for example, are the standard in all theatres and opera houses in Berlin and Hamburg, Salzburg and Vienna.

## Well known stage photographers

| 19th century Nadar (1820–1910) | 1900–1945 Joseph Byron (1847-1923) Rosemarie Clausen (1907–1990) Hugo Erfurth (1874–1948) Elli Marcus (1899–1977) Gjon Mili (1904–1984) Herman Mishkin (1870–1948) Ursula Richter (1886–1946) Ruth Wilhelmi (1904–1977) | 1945–2000 Andreas Birkigt (b. 1949) Ivan Kyncl (1953–2004) Siegfried Lauterwasser (1913–2000) Elli Marcus (1899–1977) Gjon Mili (1904–1984) Stefan Moses (1928–2018) Fritz Peyer (1919–2001) Barbara Pflaum (1912–2002) Liselotte Strelow (1908–1981) Abisag Tüllmann (1935–1996) Hainer Hill (1913–2001) Ruth Wilhelmi (1904–1977) | 21st century Andreas Birkigt (b. 1949) Leipzig Reza Moatarian (b. 1969) Iran Christian Michelides (b. 1957) Austria |
# Gouden Bocht

52°21′56″N 4°53′26″E﻿ / ﻿52.36556°N 4.89056°E﻿ / 52.36556; 4.89056
The Gouden Bocht (English: "Golden Bend") is the most prestigious part of the Herengracht in Amsterdam, Netherlands, between Leidsestraat and Vijzelstraat.
Until 1663 the Herengracht reached as far as the present Leidsegracht. From that year on, the fortifications around Amsterdam were expanded, within the Herengracht, the Keizersgracht and the Prinsengracht which were expanded. The digging ended at the river Amstel within a few years. The buyers on the Herengracht were encouraged to buy two lots and built double-wide mansions, and because the three canals here were laid out a little further from each other, and the lots were also deeper. On these large lots, the well-to-do placed their city-palaces with classicist facades, stuccoed ceilings, and fine gardens, once a year open to the public. In the curve, by the Nieuwe Spiegelstraat, lived Amsterdam's richest citizens, and so this part of the belt of canals was named the "Golden Bend" in recent history.
At number 446 is the Huis van der Graeff built by burgomaster Andries de Graeff in 1672. In 2008, the two fashion designers Viktor Horsting and Rolf Snoeren, who trade as Viktor & Rolf, bought the house. The house of the family De Neufville (1731), located at Herengracht 475 and 476, is known as having the prettiest facades. Herengracht 466, on the corner of the Nieuwe Spiegelstraat was designed by Philip Vingboons and from 1858 until 1926 the office of the Dutch Trade-Society. On the other corner (Herengracht 464) was the office of former lawyer Bram Moszkowicz. The Golden Bend is now mainly made up of banks and other financial institutions, some cultural institutions, like Goethe Institute, as well as a small private-museum, the Kattenkabinet (Herengracht 497).

## Literature

* Hans Tulleners De Gouden Bocht; 21 monumenten aan de Amsterdamse Herengracht (1989)
* Stichting ITARR/ARRS 'De Gouden Bocht van Amsterdam' ISBN 90-810694-1-1 (2006)
* Urban Home & Garden Tours, architectuur rondleidingen met bezoek aan interieurs en tuinen Gouden Bocht Amsterdam
# Museme

A museme is a minimal unit of musical meaning, analogous to a morpheme in linguistics, "the basic unit of musical expression which in the framework of one given musical system is not further divisible without destruction of meaning." A museme may:
    be broken down into component parts which are not in themselves meaningful within the framework of the musical language...but are nevertheless basic elements (not units) of musical expression which, when altered, may be compared to the phonemes of speech in that they alter the museme (morpheme) of which they are part and may thereby also alter its meaning.$^{:71}$
The term was brought to popularity by Philip Tagg, derived from the work of Charles Seeger.$^{:189}$
Musematic repetition ("repetition of musemes"$^{:269}$) is simple repetition "at the level of the short figure, often used to generate an entire structural framework."$^{:189}$ and contrasted with discursive repetition, in which the repetition is not so precise.
# 2009 Big East women's basketball tournament

The 2009 Big East women's basketball tournament took place in March 2009 at the XL Center in Hartford, Connecticut. The Connecticut Huskies defeated the Louisville Cardinals 75-36 in the tournament finals to receive the Big East Conference's automatic bid to the 2009 NCAA tournament. This was the first Big East tournament to include all 16 of the conference's teams. The teams finishing 9 through 16 in the regular season standings played first-round games, while teams 5 through 8 received byes to the second round. The top 4 teams during the regular season received double-byes to the quarterfinals.

## Bracket

| First round Friday, March 6 | First round Friday, March 6 | First round Friday, March 6 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 |
| 12 | Syracuse | 61 | | | | | | | | | |
| 13 | St. John's | 63 | 13 | St. John's | 45 | | | | | | |
| | | | 5 | Notre Dame | 62 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 5 | Notre Dame | 47 | | | |
| | | | | | | 4 | Villanova | 58 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 4 | Villanova | 42 |
| 9 | Marquette | 54 | | | | | | | 1 | Connecticut | 72 |
| 16 | Cincinnati | 60$^{OT}$ | 16 | Cincinnati | 58 | | | | | | |
| | | | 8 | South Florida | 68 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 8 | South Florida | 42 | | | |
| | | | | | | 1 | Connecticut | 79 | | | |
| First round Friday, March 6 | First round Friday, March 6 | First round Friday, March 6 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Second round Saturday, March 7 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Quarterfinals Sunday, March 8 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 | Semifinals Monday, March 9 |
| 10 | Georgetown | 45 | | | | | | | | | |
| 15 | Seton Hall | 70 | 15 | Seton Hall | 45 | | | | | | |
| | | | 7 | Rutgers | 79 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 7 | Rutgers | 82 | | | |
| | | | | | | 2 | Louisville | 87 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 2 | Louisville | 69 |
| 11 | West Virginia | 53 | | | | | | | 3 | Pittsburgh | 63 |
| 14 | Providence | 48 | 11 | West Virginia | 72 | | | | | | |
| | | | 6 | DePaul | 75$^{OT}$ | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 6 | DePaul | 59 | | | |
| | | | | | | 3 | Pittsburgh | 62 | | | |

### Championship Game

| Big East tournament Final Saturday, March 14 | Big East tournament Final Saturday, March 14 | Big East tournament Final Saturday, March 14 |
| 1 | Connecticut | 75 |
| 2 | Louisville | 36 |
# Banach–Mazur compactum

In the mathematical study of functional analysis, the Banach–Mazur distance is a way to define a distance on the set $Q(n)$ of $n$-dimensional normed spaces. With this distance, the set of isometry classes of $n$-dimensional normed spaces becomes a compact metric space, called the Banach–Mazur compactum.

## Definitions

If $X$ and $Y$ are two finite-dimensional normed spaces with the same dimension, let $\operatorname {GL} (X,Y)$ denote the collection of all linear isomorphisms $T:X\to Y.$ Denote by $\|T\|$ the operator norm of such a linear map — the maximum factor by which it "lengthens" vectors. The Banach–Mazur distance between $X$ and $Y$ is defined by $\delta (X,Y)=\log {\Bigl\inf \left\{\left\|T\right\|\left\|T^{-1}\right\|:T\in \operatorname {GL} (X,Y)\right\}{\Bigr )}.$
We have $\delta (X,Y)=0$ if and only if the spaces $X$ and $Y$ are isometrically isomorphic. Equipped with the metric δ, the space of isometry classes of $n$-dimensional normed spaces becomes a compact metric space, called the Banach–Mazur compactum.
Many authors prefer to work with the multiplicative Banach–Mazur distance $d(X,Y):=\mathrm {e} ^{\delta (X,Y)}=\inf \left\{\left\|T\right\|\left\|T^{-1}\right\|:T\in \operatorname {GL} (X,Y)\right\},$ for which $d(X,Z)\leq d(X,Y)\,d(Y,Z)$ and $d(X,X)=1.$

## Properties

F. John's theorem on the maximal ellipsoid contained in a convex body gives the estimate:
    $d(X,\ell _{n}^{2})\leq {\sqrt {n}},\,$
where $\ell _{n}^{2}$ denotes $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ with the Euclidean norm (see the article on $L^{p}$ spaces).
From this it follows that $d(X,Y)\leq n$ for all $X,Y\in Q(n).$ However, for the classical spaces, this upper bound for the diameter of $Q(n)$ is far from being approached. For example, the distance between $\ell _{n}^{1}$ and $\ell _{n}^{\infty }$ is (only) of order $n^{1/2}$ (up to a multiplicative constant independent from the dimension $n$).
A major achievement in the direction of estimating the diameter of $Q(n)$ is due to E. Gluskin, who proved in 1981 that the (multiplicative) diameter of the Banach–Mazur compactum is bounded below by $c\,n,$ for some universal $c>0.$
Gluskin's method introduces a class of random symmetric polytopes $P(\omega )$ in $\mathbb {R} ^{n},$ and the normed spaces $X(\omega )$ having $P(\omega )$ as unit ball (the vector space is $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ and the norm is the gauge of $P(\omega )$). The proof consists in showing that the required estimate is true with large probability for two independent copies of the normed space $X(\omega ).$
$Q(2)$ is an absolute extensor. On the other hand, $Q(2)$ is not homeomorphic to a Hilbert cube.
# WEC 19

WEC 19: Undisputed was a mixed martial arts event held by World Extreme Cagefighting on March 17, 2006 at the Tachi Palace Hotel & Casino in Lemoore, California. The event aired live on the HDNet Fights.
Eight past, present, or future WEC champions competed at this event, which was the most ever featured on a WEC card.

## Results

* ↑ For the WEC Featherweight Championship.
* ↑ For the WEC Lightweight Championship.
* ↑ This bout was not aired on the broadcast.
# Zimbabwe women's national under-19 cricket team

The Zimbabwe women's under-19 cricket team represents Zimbabwe in international under-19 women's cricket. The team is administrated by Zimbabwe Cricket (ZC).
The team played their first official matches at the 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup, the first ever international women's under-19 cricket competition. The side finished bottom of their group at the inaugural tournament.

## History

The inaugural Women's Under-19 World Cup was scheduled to take place in January 2021, but was postponed multiple times due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament was eventually scheduled to take place in 2023, in South Africa. As a Full Member of the ICC, Zimbabwe qualified automatically for the tournament.
Zimbabwe announced their 15-player squad for the tournament on 7 December 2022. Trevor Phiri was announced as Head Coach of the side. The side finished bottom of the initial group stage at the tournament, and lost a subsequent play-off against Indonesia.

## Recent call-ups

The table below lists all the players who have been selected in recent squads for Zimbabwe under-19s. Currently, this only includes the squad for the 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup.
| Name | Most Recent Call-up |
| Olinda Chare | 2023 World Cup |
| Kudzai Chigora | 2023 World Cup |
| Betty Mangachena | 2023 World Cup |
| Tawananyasha Marumani | 2023 World Cup |
| Michelle Mavunga | 2023 World Cup |
| Danielle Meikle | 2023 World Cup |
| Chipo Moyo | 2023 World Cup |
| Natasha Mutomba | 2023 World Cup |
| Vimbai Mutungwindu | 2023 World Cup |
| Rukudzo Mwakayeni | 2023 World Cup |
| Faith Ndhlalambi | 2023 World Cup |
| Kelly Ndiraya | 2023 World Cup |
| Kelis Ndlovu | 2023 World Cup |
| Adel Zimunhu | 2023 World Cup |

## Playing record
### International match summary

    As of 20 January 2023

### Women's under-19 Twenty20 record against other nations

    As of As of 20 January 2023
# Grantham Preparatory School

Grantham Preparatory School is a private preparatory school in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England.

## History

It was founded in 1986 by a local individual. The school is now operated by A for E Limited, a subsidiary of the International Education Systems (IES) Limited organisation, and is administered by a board of three directors.

## Curriculum

The school curriculum was rated outstanding in the 2008 Ofsted inspection.

## Extracurricular activities

The 2011 ISI Inspection noted that the school "wins many awards in local music and speech and drama festivals, and in 2010 gained the Gold Artsmark award in recognition of the high standards achieved in art, music, dance and drama."
# Nirmal Puwar

Nirmal Puwar is a Professor in the department of Sociology at Goldsmiths University and Co-Director of Methods Lab. She is a member of the Feminist Review editorial collective since 2000. Puwar has co-edited 17 Collections, including: Post-colonial Bourdieu; Orientalism and Fashion; Intimacy in Research; Live Methods and, South Asian Women in the Diaspora.
Puwar has written about and researches postcolonialism; institutions, race and gender & critical methodologies and has written two books; Space Invaders: race, gender and bodies out of place (2004), in which she argues that that diversity is about perceptions of whiteness rather than how whiteness operates, and Fashion and Orientalism (2003). In 2007, she directed the film Coventry Ritz which emphasizes "the haunting remnants of emptied out architecture and unused space."
# Kereshmeh

Kereshmeh (Persian: کرشمه) can refer to:
# WEC 15

WEC 15: Judgment Day was a mixed martial arts event promoted by World Extreme Cagefighting on May 19, 2005, at the Tachi Palace Hotel & Casino in Lemoore, California. The card featured the likes of Joe Riggs, Chris Lytle and James Irvin compete.

## Results

* ↑ For the WEC Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the WEC Middleweight Championship.
# Ram Dayal Singh

Raja Ram Dayal Singh was the King of Landhaura. He was the son of Nahar Singh.Under his leadership landhora consisted of more than 800 villages.

## History

After the death of the Nahar Singh, his son Raja Ram Dayal Singh, succeeded his father after his demise and became the King of Landhaura. This transition of power took place in a seamless manner, and Ram Dayal Singh proved himself to be a worthy successor to his father.
Pradyumna Shah sought help from Dayal in the Battle of Khurbura
Unfortunately, after the death of Ram Dayal Singh in 1813, a succession dispute arose between his grandson Badan Singh and infant son Kushal Singh from Ram Dayal's wife, Dhan Kunwar. It was a tumultuous time for Landhaura as the dispute threatened to disrupt the peace and stability of the region. Thankfully, a settlement was eventually reached between the parties involved. It was agreed that Dhan Kunwar would pay a large sum of money and expensive goods to Badan Singh and keep Landhaura for her infant son, Kushal Singh. This helped to bring an end to the succession dispute and restored calm to the region and the reign of Raja Ram Dayal Singh was marked by significant events that have contributed to the region's rich history.
# National Airlines Flight 101

National Airlines Flight 101 was a scheduled flight from Newark Airport, New Jersey, to Miami, Florida, that on February 11, 1952 crashed in the town of Elizabeth, New Jersey, shortly after take-off. It was the third plane crash occurring in Elizabeth in less than two months, following the loss of a Miami Airlines C-46 in December and the crash of an American Airlines Convair 240, three weeks earlier.

## Crash

The aircraft, a four-engined, propeller-driven Douglas DC-6, had departed from Newark Airport's runway 24 at 00:18 EST and was observed by personnel in the control tower suddenly losing altitude, while veering to the right. Two minutes later, the plane clipped an apartment building in Elizabeth, setting it on fire; it then crashed to the ground and burst into flames, narrowly missing an orphanage.
Of the 63 people on board (59 passengers and 4 crew members), 29 perished, while all of the survivors were injured, many seriously. Four residents in the apartment building were also killed. Among the passengers was actress Mildred Joanne Smith, who suffered severe injuries, including a broken back.

## Investigation

The official investigation by the Civil Aeronautics Board concluded that a failure in the propeller's pitch control system of engine No. 3 caused the propeller to go into reverse during climb-out. The engine was left running at high power, while engine No. 4 was mistakenly feathered. Under such conditions, the aircraft was no longer able to maintain altitude and descended into the ground.

## Aftermath

In the wake of this third accident in Elizabeth, mounting public concern led to a lengthy closure of Newark Airport and to a nationwide review of the safety of airport operations. The airport reopened only nine months later, on November 15, 1952, after the investigations into the crashes determined that the airport facilities were not at fault.
The three crashes later provided the inspiration to writer and Elizabeth resident Judy Blume for her 2015 novel In the Unlikely Event.
# Ivana Mitrović

Ivana Mitrović (Serbian Cyrillic: Ивана Митровић; born 3 February 1993) is a Serbian handball player who plays for ŽORK Jagodina and the Serbia national team

## Achievements

* Serbian First League:
** Winner: 2017/2018, 2018/2019

## Individual awards

* Serbian First League Top Scorer: season 2017/2018
* Serbian First League MVP season 2018/2019
# Parmu ka Purwa

Parmu ka Purwa is a village in Bhognipur tehsil, Kanpur Dehat district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated on a Grand Trunk Road. The nearest railway station is Chaurah.
# 1986 Individual Long Track World Championship

The 1986 Individual Long Track World Championship was the 16th edition of the FIM speedway Individual Long Track World Championship. The event was held on 14 September 1986 in Pfarrkirchen, Germany, which was West Germany at the time.
The world title was won by Erik Gundersen of Denmark for the second time.

## Final Classification

| Pos | Rider | Heat Pts | Heat Pts | Heat Pts | Heat Pts | Heat Pts | Total Pts |
| 1 | Erik Gundersen | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 |
| 2 | Peter Collins | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 18 |
| 3 | Marcel Gerhard | 2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 18 |
| 4 | Gerd Riss | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | ef | 17 |
| 5 | Hans Nielsen | 5 | x | 5 | 4 | ef | 14 |
| 6 | Karl Maier | 4 | 3 | 4 | ef | ef | 11 |
| 7 | Bernd Diener | ef | 5 | 1 | 4 | E | 10 |
| 8 | Kai Niemi | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | E | 10 |
| 9 | Petr Vandirek | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | E | 9 |
| 10 | Shawn Moran | 5 | 3 | ef | ef | E | 8 |
| 11 | Hans Otto Pingel | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | E | 8 |
| 12 | Emil Sova | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | E | 8 |
| 13 | Phil Collins | 2 | 2 | 1 | E | E | 5 |
| 14 | Pavel Karnas | 3 | 1 | 0 | E | E | 4 |
| 15 | Roland Dannö | 0 | 0 | 4 | E | E | 4 |
| 16 | Heinrich Diener | 2 | 1 | 1 | E | E | 4 |
| 17 | Trevor Banks | 1 | 0 | 2 | E | E | 3 |
| 18 | Alois Wiesböck | 0 | ef | ef | E | E | 0 |
* E = eliminated (no further ride)
* f = fell
* ef = engine failure
* x = excluded