# Spa Valley Railway

vteSpa Valley Railway :
Legend :
The Spa Valley Railway (SVR) is a standard gauge heritage railway in the United Kingdom that runs from Tunbridge Wells West railway station in Royal Tunbridge Wells to High Rocks, Groombridge, and Eridge, where it links with the Oxted Line.
It crosses the Kent and East Sussex border, covering a distance of 5 miles (8 km), along the former Wealden Line between Tunbridge Wells Central and Lewes. The railway headquarters is also at Tunbridge Wells West railway station.

## History

The railway was engineered by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) Chief Engineer Frederick Banister, as part of the East Grinstead, Groombridge and Tunbridge Wells Railway (EGGTWR). This being an extension to the Three Bridges–Tunbridge Wells line which had been completed in 1855.
The EGGTWR was part of a regional race between the LB&SCR and the SER, and a specific race to access the town of Royal Tunbridge Wells:
The LB&SCR opened Tunbridge Wells West in 1866 as the eastern terminus of the EGGTW; there was also an extension to Tunbridge Wells Central. From Tunbridge Wells West railway station. There were direct services to the South Coast at Brighton and Eastbourne and to London Victoria. The Victoria services ran via Groombridge and Ashurst. A sign outside the station proudly proclaimed, "New Route to London: Shortest, Quickest and Most Direct. Frequent Express Trains".

### Closure

As the popularity of the motor car increased, train services were severely cut back due to the lack of patronage, and the number of services passing through Tunbridge Wells West railway station declined as one line after another was closed from the 1950s onwards. First, the East Grinstead to Lewes line closed in 1958, then the Cuckoo Line in 1965, the Three Bridges to Groombridge in 1967, and finally the Wealden Line south of Uckfield in 1969. The line between Tunbridge Wells and Eridge was itself listed for closure in 1966, only to be subsequently reprieved. The line remained open, although in its latter years passenger services were mainly confined to a shuttle service between Tonbridge (via the single line connection to Tunbridge Wells Central – now plain Tunbridge Wells) and Eridge with a few through trains to Uckfield. However, there was a depot at Tunbridge Wells West which housed rolling stock for services on the Uckfield– and East Grinstead–London (via East Croydon) lines, and there were several empty stock moves early and late in the day.
By the early 1980s, the track and signalling needed to be replaced and British Rail were planning an upgrade of the Tonbridge to Hastings Line. British Rail therefore, announced the proposed closure of the line (including Groombridge and Tunbridge Wells West stations) from 16 May 1983 which was later deferred after public objections. It was announced in February 1985 that the Secretary of State for Transport agreed to the withdrawal of passenger services deciding that the cost of keeping the line open from Birchden Jn to Grove Jn and undertaking renewing Grove Junction did not justify the outlay. The passenger service was withdrawn from 8 July 1985 although the section between Tunbridge Wells West and Birchden Jn remained open for rolling stock movements until 10 August, when the depot at Tunbridge Wells West station was shut. At the time of closure, Tunbridge Wells West station had gas lighting, which was in operation in the ticket office and under the canopy.

## Preservation
### Restoration

The SVR has its origins in a charitable society formed on 13 September 1985, to purchase and reopen the Tunbridge Wells West to Eridge line. Named the Tunbridge Wells and Eridge Railway Preservation Society (TWERPS), it began a long struggle to reopen the line. The campaign received a setback in the late 1980s when Tunbridge Wells Borough Council gave planning permission for the construction of a large Sainsbury's supermarket complex on the site of the derelict station site of Tunbridge Wells West. While the 1891 locomotive shed and station building were protected as listed buildings, the remaining area of the site was obliterated, including the goods shed and signal boxes. However, planning permission was subject to the condition that the developer pay for construction of a new station platform and restoration of the engine shed.
The North Downs Steam Railway relocated from Dartford in 1996, where it was experiencing vandalism problems, and merged with TWERPS. It transferred its assets and helped establish a base in the former LB&SCR locomotive shed. The group had also acquired the line as far as Birchden Junction during that year. Alongside the loco shed, a new platform was built, from where services began running to Cold Bath Bridge (about 0.8 miles (1.3 km) away) in December 1996. Services were extended to Groombridge in August 1997 and to Birchden Junction in 2005.
In 2007, SVR marked the 10th anniversary of the opening of the line by transforming Groombridge into a busy interchange station, with trains arriving or departing every 15 minutes. The funds raised from this event went towards the "Return to Eridge" appeal to raise £500,000 for the extension to the Uckfield main line at Eridge. On 25 March 2011 the SVR extended passenger services to Eridge, where there is a footbridge interchange with Southern services on the London Bridge to Uckfield line.
In August 2017, a special event (20th Birthday Bash) was held to celebrate 20 years since the reopening of the line to Groombridge, starring a variety of home and visiting locomotives, including BR Standard 4 Tank 80078.

## Rolling stock
### Steam
#### Operational

| Identity | Former operator | Class | Builder | Works Number | Built | Wheel Arrangement | Notes |
| 34053 303 Squadron | BR | Battle of Britain | Brighton Works | | 1947 | 4-6-2 | The locomotive arrived in September 2020 and is now permanently based at the Spa Valley Railway following an agreement between the line and its owners. Returned to the railway in July 2024 following completion of overhaul. |
| 34072 257 Squadron | BR | Battle of Britain Class | Brighton Works | | 1948 | 4-6-2 | Moved to Spa Valley Railway in late 2022 and will be based there for the foreseeable future. Currently on hire to the Watercress Line until January 2025. |
| 80078 | BR | Standard Class 4MT | Brighton works | | 1954 | 2-6-4T | Regular visitor, based at the Mid-Norfolk Railway. Owned by Stewart Robinson. |
| 2315 Lady Ingrid | South of Scotland Electricity Board | | Andrew Barclay | 2315 | 1951 | 0-4-0ST | Underwent overhaul in 2009. Returned to service in 2024. Has been sold. |
| 828 | Caledonian Railway | 812 Class | St Rollox | | 1899 | 0-6-0 | On long term hire since 2022. |

#### Non-operational

| Identity | Former operator | Class | Builder | Works Number | Built | Wheel Arrangement | Notes |
| 50 Sutton | LB&SCR | A1X 'Terrier' | Brighton Works | | 1876 | 0-6-0T | Undergoing overhaul since 2011. |
| 47493 | LMS | 3F 'Jinty' | Vulcan Foundry | 4195 | 1927 | 0-6-0T | Underwent overhaul 2014. Originally numbered 16576, later 7493. Expected to return to steam by 2025. |
| 68077 | LNER | J94 | Andrew Barclay | 2215 | 1947 | 0-6-0ST | Stored. |
| 1589 Newstead | NCB | | Hunslet | 1589 | 1929 | 0-6-0ST | Undergoing overhaul. |
| No.57 Samson | Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd, Corby | 'Ugly' | RSH | 7668 | 1950 | 0-6-0ST | Stored. |
| No. 62 Ugly | Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd, Corby | 'Ugly' | RSH | 7673 | 1950 | 0-6-0ST | On display since 2021 awaiting overhaul. |

### Diesel
#### Operational

| Identity | Class | Builder | Built | Livery | Notes |
| 08922 | Class 08 | | 1962 | BR Railfreight Grey | The locomotive arrived in September 2023 on hire from the Great Central Railway (Nottingham). |
| 31430 Sister Dora | British Rail Class 31 | Brush Traction | 1961 | BR Blue | Owned by Martin Staniforth. |
| 73140 | Class 73/1 | English Electric Vulcan Foundry | 1966 | BR Blue | Owned by the Class 73 Locomotive Group. |
| 2591 Southerham | | Drewry | | Unlined Black | |
| 189C | Vanguard | Thomas Hill | | Blue | |

#### Non-operational

| Identity | Class | Builder | Built | Livery | Notes |
| 09026 Cedric Wares | Class 09 | | 1962 | BR Green | Currently undergoing overhaul. Was previously named William Pearson during its career at Brighton Lovers Walk TMD. |
| 15224 | Class 12 | Ashford Works | 1949 | BR Green | Stored. |
| 33063 R. J. Mitchell | Class 33/0 | BRCW | January 1962 | Railfreight Triple Grey | Owned by the South East Locomotive Group. Undergoing repaint. |
| 33065 Sealion | Class 33/0 | BRCW | January 1962 | BR Blue | Owned by the South East Locomotive Group. Undergoing overhaul. |

### Multiple Units

DMU s are diesel multiple units. EMUs are electric multiple units but these are only being used as static or hauled stock on this line.
| Type | Identity | Origin | Class | Code | Notes |
| EMU | 69306 | BR | Class 421 (4-BIG) | TRB | Used as a static cafe as Tunbridge Wells West station until 2019, now for sale. |
| EMU | 12275 | BR | 6-PAN | TFK | Underframe only, converted to crane wagon. |
| DEMU | 1317 | BR | Class 207 | 3D (currently operating as 2D) | In service. Formed of DMBSO 60142, TC 60616, DTSO 60909/60916. TC 60616, the unique centre car, is currently being internally restored. |
| DEMU | No. 1302 | BR | Class 207 | N/A | Built in 1962. In service until destroyed in a fire on 20 May 2016. Arrived from Swindon and Cricklade Railway in February 2024. |