# Build! Build! Build!

* This article is part of a series aboutRodrigo Duterte
16th President of the Philippines
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The Build! Build! Build! Infrastructure Program (BBB) was the infrastructure program of the administration of Rodrigo Duterte, the 16th president of the Philippines. A key component of his socioeconomic policy, the program aimed to reduce poverty, encourage economic growth and reduce congestion in Metro Manila, and address the country's infrastructure gap. Launched on April 18, 2017, the program also included the continuation of 44 infrastructure projects under previous administrations.
The Build! Build! Build! program was superseded by the Build Better More (BBM) infrastructure program of the administration of Duterte's successor, Bongbong Marcos; government officials have described the new program as an expansion of the BBB program.

## List of associated projects

In November 2019, the government revised its list of flagship infrastructure projects under the program, expanding it to 100. It was revised again in August 2020, bringing the total number of projects to 104, expanding its scope included health, information and communications technology, as well as water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of September 11, 2020, 24 projects were still in the approval & planning stages, while 80 were under implementation.

### Public transportation

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion date |
| Rail transportation |||||
| LRT Line 1 south extension | 2019–2024 | Under-construction | 2024 |
| LRT Line 2 east extension | 2015–2021 | Completed | July 5, 2021 |
| LRT Line 2 west extension | | Proposed | |
| MRT Line 3 rehabilitation | 2019–2022 | Completed | March 22, 2022 |
| MRT Line 4 | | Proposed | |
| LRT Line 6 | | Proposed | |
| MRT Line 7 | 2016– | Under-construction | 2025 |
| Metro Manila Subway (Phase 1) | 2019– | Under-construction | 2027 |
| MRT Line 10 | | Proposed | |
| MRT Line 11 | | Proposed | |
| North Triangle Common Station | 2017– | Under-construction | |
| Panay Railway | | Proposed | |
| PNR North–South Commuter Railway (NSCR) | 2019– | Under-construction | 2025 |
| PNR South Long Haul | | Proposed | 2025 |
| SkyTrain (Fort Bonifacio–Makati SkyTrain) | | Proposed | |
| Subic–Clark Railway | | Proposed | 2024 |
| Mindanao Railway Phase 1 (Tagum–Davao–Digos Segment) | | Proposed | |
| Cebu Monorail System | | Proposed | |
| Urban transportation |||||
| Cebu BRT System | 2023– | Under-construction | |
| Davao Public Transport Modernization project | | Ongoing | |
| EDSA Busway Concourse project | 2021–2022 | Under construction | 2022 |
| Metro Manila BRT Line 1 (Quezon Avenue) | | Proposed | |
| Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange | 2015–2018 | Completed | November 5, 2018 |
| Taguig Integrated Terminal Exchange | 2018–2027 | Under-construction | 2027 |

### Roads

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion date |
| Bacolod–Negros Occidental Economic Highway | 2017–2024 | Under-construction | 2024 |
| Boracay Circumferential Road | 2018–2022 | Completed | March 12, 2022 |
| Cagayan de Oro Coastal Road | 1997–2017 | Completed | November 10, 2017 |
| Camalig Bypass Road | ?–2021 | Completed | June 15, 2021 |
| Camarines Sur High-Speed Highway | 2019– | Under-construction | |
| Davao City Bypass Road | 2020–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Davao City Coastal Road | 2017–2023 | Completed | July 1, 2023 |
| EDSA Greenways | 2022–2024 | Proposed | November 2024 |
| Iconic Bridges for Socio Economic Development | | Under-construction | |
| Improving Growth Corridors in Mindanao Road Sector Project (former Tawi-Tawi Interlink Bridge and Guicam Bridge) | | Under-construction | |
| Mindanao Development Road Network | | Under-construction | |
| New Bacolod Economic Highway | | Under-construction | |
| Pasacao–Balatan Tourism Coastal Highway | 2019– | Under-construction | |
| Road Network Development Project in Conflict Affected Areas in Mindanao | | Under-construction | |
| Samar Pacific Coastal Road | 2018–2022 | Completed | June 28, 2022 |
| Sariaya Bypass Road | 2014–2021 | Completed | October 21, 2021 |
| Sindangan-Bayog-Lakewood Road | 2014–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Sorsogon City Coastal Road | 2015–2020 | Completed | August 30, 2020 |
| Surallah-T'boli-San Jose Road | 2016–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Urdaneta City Bypass Road | 2019–2021 | Completed | January 18, 2021 |
| Inter-island Bridges |||||
| Bataan–Cavite Interlink Bridge | 2022-2027 | Proposed | 2027 |
| Cebu–Mactan Bridge and Coastal Road Construction project | | Proposed | |
| Coron–Culion Bridge | 2021– | Under-construction | |
| Davao–Samal Bridge | | Proposed | |
| Mindoro–Batangas Super Bridge | | Proposed | |
| Panay–Guimaras–Negros Bridge (Phase 1) | | Proposed | |
| Panglao-Tagbilaran City Offshore Connector Bridge | | Under-construction | |
| Panguil Bay Bridge | 2021–2024 | Completed | September 27, 2024 |
| Samal Island-Davao City Connector Bridge | | Proposed | |
| Roma Point Bridge | 2018– | Under-construction | |
| Expressways |||||
| Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway (CCLEX) | 2018–2022 | Completed | April 27, 2022 |
| Davao City Expressway | | Proposed | |
| Metro Cebu Expressway | 2018–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Pasig River Expressway | 2021–2023 | Under-construction | 2023 |
| Luzon Spine Expressway Network |||||
| C-5 Southlink Expressway | 2016–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Cavite–Laguna Expressway (CALAX) | 2018–2023 | Under-construction | September 2023 |
| Cavite–Tagaytay–Batangas Expressway | | Proposed | |
| Central Luzon Link Expressway (CLLEX) | 2017–2021 | Completed | July 15, 2021 |
| Metro Manila Skyway Stage 3 | 2014–2021 | Completed | January 15, 2021 |
| SLEX Elevated Extension | 2019–2021 | Completed | February 15, 2022 |
| North Luzon East Expressway (NLEE) | | Under-construction | |
| NLEX Harbor Link | 2014–2020 | Completed | June 15, 2020 |
| NLEX Harbor Link Extension to Anda Circle | | Proposed | |
| NLEX Connector | 2019–2022 | Under-construction | March 2022 |
| Plaridel Bypass Road (Phase 2 and 3) | 2014–2020 | Completed | December 2020 |
| Quezon–Bicol Expressway | | Cancelled | |
| Southeast Metro Manila Expressway (SEMME) | 2018–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| SLEX Toll Road 4 | 2019–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| SLEX Toll Road 5 | | Approved | |
| Subic Freeport Expressway Expansion | 2019–2021 | Completed | February 19, 2021 |
| Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway (TPLEX) Extension | | Proposed | |
| Metro Manila Logistics Improvement Network |||||
| Binondo–Intramuros Bridge | 2018–2022 | Completed | April 5, 2022 |
| Eastbank–Westbank Bridge 2 | 2021–2023 | Proposed | 2023 |
| New Estrella–Pantaleon Bridge | 2019–2021 | Completed | July 29, 2021 |
| Bonifacio Global City-Ortigas Center Link Road (Santa Monica–Lawton Bridge and Viaduct) | 2018–2021 | Completed | September 30, 2021 |
| J.P. Rizal–Lopez Jaena Bridge | | Proposed | |
| J.P. Rizal–St. Mary Bridge | | Proposed | |
| Laguna Lake Highway | 2016–2018 | Completed | November 15, 2018 |
| Lawton Avenue Expansion | 2017–2022 | Completed | May 2022 |
| Marikina–Vista Real Bridge | | Proposed | |
| Mindanao Avenue Extension | 2017– | Under-construction | |
| North–South Harbor Bridge | 2021–2023 | Proposed | 2023 |
| Palanca–Villegas Bridge | 2021–2023 | Proposed | 2023 |
| Metro Manila Priority Bridges Seismic Improvement Project |||||
| Guadalupe Bridge Rehabilitation | | Proposed | |
| Lambingan Bridge Vertical Improvement | | Proposed | |

### Airports

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion date |
| Bacolod–Silay International Airport | | Proposed | |
| Bicol International Airport Development project (New Legazpi) | 2016–2021 | Completed | October 7, 2021 |
| Bohol–Panglao International Airport (New Bohol International Airport) | 2016–2018 | Completed | November 27, 2018 |
| Calbayog Airport expansion | 2017–2021 | Completed | May 5, 2021 |
| Clark International Airport expansion project Phase 1 | 2017–2022 | Completed | May 2, 2022 |
| M'lang (Central Mindanao) Airport Development project | | Proposed | |
| Francisco Bangoy International Airport expansion | | Proposed | |
| General Santos International Airport expansion | 2018–2021 | Completed | November 2021 |
| Iloilo International Airport expansion | | Proposed | |
| Kalibo International Airport expansion | 2018–2021 | Completed | June 4, 2021 |
| Laguindingan Airport expansion | | Proposed | |
| Mactan–Cebu International Airport expansion | 2015–2021 | Completed | May 5, 2021 |
| New Manila International Airport | 2020–2026 | Under-construction | 2026 |
| Ninoy Aquino International Airport expansion | | Proposed | |
| Puerto Princesa International Airport expansion | | Proposed | |
| Sangley Point Airport | 2019–2020 | Completed | February 15, 2020 |
| Siquijor Airport upgrading and expansion | 2018–2021 | Completed | August 26, 2021 |
| Cagayan North International Airport (Lal-lo International Airport) | ?–18 | Completed | March 23, 2018 |

### Seaports

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date |
| Borac Port | ?–2019 | Completed | November 2019 |
| New Cebu International Container Port | 2021–2024 | Proposed | March 28, 2024 |
| Port of San Fernando | 2019–2020 | Completed | June 2020 |
| Port of Bataraza | ?–2018 | Completed | February 15, 2018 |

### Urban development

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion date |
| Ambal Simuay River and Rio Grande de Mindanao Flood Control projects | | Proposed | |
| Bayanihan 2 Bike Lane Networks | 2021 | Completed | June 30, 2021 |
| Cavite Industrial Area Flood Management Program | | Proposed | |
| Emergency Assistance for Reconstruction and Recovery of Marawi (Output 2: Reconstruction and Development Plan for a Greater Marawi, Stage 2) | 2017–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Low-Lying Areas of Pampanga Bay | 2018–2022 | Under-construction | March 2022 |
| Leyte Tide Embankment | 2016–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Marawi Rehabilitation (China Grant) a.) Bridge and Bypass project b.) Grand Padian Market and Sports Complex | 2017–2021 | Under-construction | December 2021 |
| New Clark City Phase 1: a.) National Government Administrative Center Phase 1A b.) Filinvest Mixed Use Industrial Development Phase 1 (Site Development) | 2016–2019 | Completed | October 2019 |
| Pasig–Marikina River Channel Improvement project (Phase IV) | | Under-construction | |
| Reconstruction and Development Plan for Greater Marawi | 2017–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 |

### Water resources

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion date | Ref. |
| Angat Water Transmission Improvement project | 2016–2020 | Completed | June 2020 | |
| Aqueduct No. 7 project | | Proposed | | |
| Balog-Balog Multipurpose project Phase II | | Under-construction | | |
| Bohol Northeast Basin Multipurpose Dam project | | Proposed | | |
| Chico Pump Irrigation project | 2018–2022 | Completed | June 2022 | [70] [71] |
| Jalaur River Multipurpose project Phase II | 2019–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 | |
| Lower Agno River Irrigation System Improvement project | 2018–2022 | Under-construction | December 2022 | |
| National Irrigation Sector Rehabilitation and Improvement project | 2013– | Ongoing | | |
| New Centennial Water Source – Kaliwa Dam project | | Under-construction | 2026 | |
| Malitubog-Maridagao Irrigation project | | Proposed | | |
| Water District Development Sector projects (ADB-WDDSP) | | Proposed | | |
| Wawa Bulk Water Supply project | | Proposed | | |
| Agus 3 Hydroelectric Power project (225 MW) | | Proposed | | |
| Agus-Pulangi Hydropower Rehabilitation project | | Proposed | | |

### Information and communications technology

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date |
| ICT Capability Development and Management Program | | Under-construction | |
| LTO Command Center | | Proposed | |
| Luzon Bypass Infrastructure project | | Completed | |
| Motor Vehicle Recognition and Enhancement System | | Proposed | |
| National Broadband Program | | Under-construction | |
| National Government Data Center | | Proposed | |
| National Interoperable Automatic Fare Collection System project (formerly Automated Fare Collection Clearing House) | | Proposed | |
| Philippine Identification System | 2020- | Ongoing | |
| Road Transport Information Technology Infrastructure project Phase I (LTO IT) | | Under-construction | 2022 |
| Safe Philippines Project Phase 1 | | Proposed | |

### Health

| Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date | Ref. |
| Virology Science and Technology Institute of the Philippines | | Proposed | | |

## Impact

As of July 2021, 214 airport projects, 451 commercial social and tourism port projects, 29,264 kilometers (18,184 mi) of roads, 5,950 bridges, 11,340 flood control projects, 11,340 evacuation centers, and 150,149 classrooms had been completed under the infrastructure program. The numbers cited include newly-built infrastructure, and projects involving the repair, rehabilitation, widening, and expansion of existing infrastructure.
By April 28, 2022, two months before Duterte left office, 12 out of 119 infrastructure flagship projects (IFP) under the Build Build Build program have been completed. Government officials emphasized that despite the low completion rate of IFPs, the Duterte administration had consistently spent more on infrastructure than past administrations. The remaining projects will be passed on to future administrations for completion and consideration.
The Philippine Daily Inquirer, citing a study from Pantheon Macroeconomics, wrote that "the Duterte administration had failed to achieve its ambitious spending targets despite having rolled out more infrastructure projects under the BBB program", citing the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic which affected infrastructure spending in 2020 as large portions of the budget had been reallocated to COVID-19 response efforts.