OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francesco Spighi

Francesco Spighi (18th century) was a Florentine artisan active in the late eighteenth century.
All we know about him is that he worked for some time as craftsman and cabinet-maker for the Museo di Fisica e Storia Naturale of Florence, producing inlaid-wood furniture and apparatuses for the Physics Cabinet. He was also a part of a revival in piano making in late eighteenth-century Italy, along with revival of piano making in late eighteenth-century Italy by such makers as Giuseppe Zannetti, Vicenzio Sodi, Luigi Vignoli, and Errico Gustadt.
# Ray White (politician)

Ray White is a former Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Guysborough-Port Hawkesbury in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1993 to 1999. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.
White served five terms as mayor of Canso, Nova Scotia before resigning to enter provincial politics. In the 1993 provincial election, White defeated finance minister Chuck MacNeil to win the Guysborough-Port Hawkesbury riding. He served as a backbench MLA in John Savage's government. He was re-elected in the 1998 election, defeating Progressive Conservative Ron Chisholm by 721 votes.
Following the election, White was named the government's caucus chairman. On December 11, 1998, White was appointed to the Executive Council of Nova Scotia as Minister of Housing and Municipal Affairs. In the 1999 election, White and Chisholm did battle again, with Chisholm winning the seat by 134 votes. White later returned to municipal politics, again becoming mayor of Canso. He did not seek re-election in the 2008 municipal election.
In 2012, White was a recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.
# Michael Kolarz

Michael Kolarz (born 12 January 1987) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman currently with HC České Budějovice in the Czech Extraliga.
Kolarz previously played for Kingston Frontenacs, HC Havířov, SK Kadaň and MšHK Žilina.
# Ghulam Bhik Nairang

Syed Ghulam Bhik Nairang (26 September 1876 – 16 October 1952) was a distinguished lawyer, poet and Pakistan Movement leader. He was the Deputy Leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1938 to 1942, and was appointed to the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan in April, 1950.

## Friendship with Allama Iqbal

He was close friends with Allama Muhammad Iqbal, a college hostel-mate and a fellow poet. Nairang had sketched Allama Iqbal's personality as a college student and had described the exact location of his college hostel room in an article that he wrote at that time. Allama Iqbal had resided in that hostel room between 1895 and 1900.
In 2016, the evidence mentioned about Iqbal's hostel room in Nairang's article helped the Government College's staff in tracing the exact location of his room.

## Early life and career

Ghulam Bhik Nairang was born in Daurana, near Ambala in British India in 1876. He received his BA degree from Government College, Lahore. He also joined the editorial staff of a magazine, Makhzan. Nairang was politically active and became an important leader of Muslim India. He was a member of the Central Legislative Assembly from 1936 to 1942.
Nairang also was actively involved in the Khilafat Movement, played a protective and key role in resisting the anti-Muslim Shuddhi movement by some Hindu leaders in British Punjab where they were trying to reconvert Muslims back to Hinduism.
After migrating to Pakistan, he also was a member of the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

## Books

* Kalaam-e-Nairang - Nairang's compilation of poetry was published in 1982 from Karachi, Pakistan (first edition in 1907, second edition in 1917, third edition with detailed introduction by Moinuddin Aqeel in 1982)
# Naoomal Jeoomal

Naoomal Jeoomal Makhija pronunciation (17 April 1904 – 28 July 1980) was an Indian cricketer, who was India's first opening batsman in Test cricket.

## Early life

He was born on 17 April 1904, in Karachi, Sindh. He was the son of head clerk of a private company. He was a matriculation. He made his First-Class debut against Arthur Gilligan's MCC in 1926-27 for Hindus and The Rest at Karachi, scoring 16.

## Career

Naoomal Jeoomal scored 33 and 25 opening India's innings in their first ever Test at Lord's in 1932. He also shared stands of 39 and 41 with his opening partner Janardan Navle in the two innings. Naoomal was a diminutive, defensive batsman whose strong point was the cut. He made 1,297 runs in the tour, playing in all the 26 first class matches, a decent performance considering that he had played only on matting wickets till then. Wisden even commented on Jeoomal's fielding abilities.
When England returned the visit in 1933–34, Jeoomal missed the first Test. He scored 2 and 43 at Calcutta, but in Madras, he was hit on the face by Nobby Clark. The ball left a half-inch cut across the left eye. The injury ended his innings and he did not play another Test. In his first match in the Ranji Trophy, for Sind against Western India in 1934–35, he scored 63 and 53, despite being hit by Amar Singh and Ladha Ramji, and took 5/78 and 3/52 in bowling. He played in the Sind Pentangular matches from 1922 till 1946, scoring 1,993 runs (average 47) with six hundreds.
His highest score in first-class cricket was a 203* scored in four and a half hours for Sind against Nawanagar in 1938–39. The Sind total of 326 was at the time the second lowest completed first class innings to include a double hundred.

## Retirement and coaching

He coached Pakistan in the late 1950s and became national selector from 1957. He also served as an umpire in first-class matches, mostly in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. He moved to India in 1971.
His son, Hari Naoomal also played first class cricket for Karachi University and Karachi Greens from 1961 till 1970 season.
Jeoomal was the oldest Indian Test cricketer to attend the Golden Jubilee Test in 1980, which marked the fiftieth year of the founding of BCCI. The oldest living cricketer Cota Ramaswami was absent.
Note : Jeoomal's obituaries in Wisden Almanack and Wisden Cricket Monthly both give his date of death as 18 July.
# Tribute (2009 film)

Tribute, also known as Nora Roberts' Tribute, is a 2009 television film directed by Martha Coolidge starring Brittany Murphy and Jason Lewis. The film is based on the 2008 Nora Roberts novel of the same name. It is part of the Nora Roberts 2009 movie collection, which also includes Northern Lights, Midnight Bayou, and High Noon. The movie debuted April 11, 2009 on Lifetime.

## Plot

The movie revolves around former child star Cilla McGowan (Murphy), who has found more satisfying work restoring old houses. In search of a normal life, Cilla buys her grandmother's farmhouse in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, to rescue it from ruin.
Cilla's hope for serenity is soon eclipsed by haunting dreams of her famous grandmother, who died of a supposed overdose in the house, more than 30 years before. Cilla soon begins a romantic relationship with Ford Sawyer (Lewis), her handsome neighbor, who ultimately comforts and protects her when her dark dreams and family secrets turn into a real-life nightmare.

## Cast

* Brittany Murphy as Cilla McGowan
* Jason Lewis as Ford Sawyer
* Christian Oliver as Steve Chensky
* Diana Scarwid as Cathy Morrow
* Tippi Hedren as Mrs. Hennessey
* Tiffany Morgan as Janet
* Griff Furst as Brian Morrow
* Mark Wilson as Alvin Wilson
* Blake Nelson Boyd as Piano Player

## Production

The film was executive produced by Stephanie Germain and Peter Guber, who also executive produced seven other Roberts films for Lifetime in 2007 and 2009.

## Reception

The Movie Scene said the film "is sadly not as good as I hoped and suffers because certain elements of the storyline have been too embellished whilst others have been under explored. It is entertaining but almost in that it borders on the cheesily amusing rather than for being a tight and exciting thriller."
# Crusade (disambiguation)

The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period.
Crusade or Crusades may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment
### Comics

* Crusade, a Franco-Belgian comics series published by Le Lombard
* The Crusades (comics), a series of American comic books
* Crusade Comics, publisher founded by Billy Tucci

### Films

* The Crusaders (1918 film), an Italian film
* The Crusades (1935 film), a 1935 film directed by Cecil B. DeMille
* The Crusaders (2001 film), an Italian television mini-series
* The Crusade (2021 film), a French drama film
* The Crusades (2023 film), an American comedy drama film

### Games

* Darkness Falls: The Crusade, a 1999 internet MUD
* Great Crusade, an episode in Warhammer 40,000 fictional history
* Knights of the Temple: Infernal Crusade, a 2004 videogame
* Space Crusade, a boardgame set in the Warhammer 40,000 universe
* Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War – Dark Crusade, a computer game expansion pack
* Wing Commander: The Secret Missions 2: Crusade, a computer game expansion pack
* World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade, a 2007 computer game expansion pack

### Literature

* Crusade (Anderson novel), the second book of the Destroyermen series by Taylor Anderson
* Crusade (Lowder novel), a novel by James Lowder
* Crusade (Laird novel), a 2007 historical novel by Elizabeth Laird
* Crusade (short story), a 1968 Arthur C. Clarke short story
* Crusade (Young novel), a 2007 novel by Robyn Young
* Crusade, a 2003 novel from the Aquasilva Trilogy, by Anselm Audley
* Crusade, a young-adult series by Nancy Holder and Debbie Viguié
* Crusade, a 1992 Starfire novel by David Weber and Steve White
* Crusade, The Untold Story of the Persian Gulf War (1993), a book by Rick Atkinson
* The Crusade, novelization of the TV serial Doctor Who

### Music

* Crusade Records, an independent record label based in Sydney, Australia
* "Crusades", a song by August Burns Red from their 2009 album Constellations
* "The Crusade", a song by Lovebites from their 2018 EP Battle Against Damnation
* "The Crusaders", a jazz fusion group

#### Albums

* Crusade (album), a 1967 album by John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers
* Crusades (album), an album by The Plastic Constellations
* The Crusade (album), a 2006 album by Trivium

### Television

* "Crusade" (Stargate SG-1), an episode from the science fiction TV series
* Crusade (TV series), a short-lived 1999 American science fiction spinoff from Babylon 5
* Crusades (TV series), a British television series hosted by Terry Jones
* The Crusade (Doctor Who), four episode serial from Doctor Who
* WHAS Crusade for Children, an annual telethon broadcast in Louisville, Kentucky

## Organizations

* Campus Crusade for Christ, the former name of Cru, an American interdenominational Christian mission organization
* Crusade of Romanianism, a Romanian fascist party

## Other uses

* Crusade (horse), an American-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse
# 2019 World Archery Championships

The 2019 World Archery Championships were held in 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands from 10 to 16 June 2019.
The event served as a qualifier for the 2020 Summer Olympics, with each men's and women's team that made the quarter-finals earning three quota places for the respective team. There were also quota places for the top four individuals in the singles competition, for those who failed to get quotas in the team events.

## Medals table

* Host nation (Netherlands)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | South Korea | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 2 | Chinese Taipei | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 4 | China | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Russia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | India | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 7 | Netherlands* | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | France | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Malaysia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Norway | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Turkey | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 | Bangladesh | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | Great Britain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | Italy | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (14 entries) | Totals (14 entries) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |

## Medals summary
### Recurve

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's individual details | Brady Ellison United States | Khairul Anuar Mohamad Malaysia | Ruman Shana Bangladesh |
| Women's individual details | Lei Chien-ying Chinese Taipei | Kang Chae-young South Korea | Choi Mi-sun South Korea |
| Men's team details | China Ding Yiliang Feng Hao Wei Shaoxuan | India Atanu Das Pravin Ramesh Jadhav Tarundeep Rai | South Korea Kim Woo-jin Lee Seung-yun Lee Woo-seok |
| Women's team details | Chinese Taipei Lei Chien-ying Peng Chia-mao Tan Ya-ting | South Korea Chang Hye-jin Choi Mi-sun Kang Chae-young | United Kingdom Sarah Bettles Naomi Folkard Bryony Pitman |
| Mixed team details | South Korea Lee Woo-seok Kang Chae-young | Netherlands Sjef van den Berg Gabriela Bayardo | Italy Mauro Nespoli Vanessa Landi |

### Compound

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's individual details | James Lutz United States | Anders Faugstad Norway | Kim Jong-ho South Korea |
| Women's individual details | Natalia Avdeeva Russia | Paige Pearce United States | Jyothi Surekha Vennam India |
| Men's team details | South Korea Choi Yong-hee Kim Jong-ho Yang Jae-won | Turkey Süleyman Araz Evren Çağıran Muhammed Yetim | Netherlands Peter Elzinga Sil Pater Mike Schloesser |
| Women's team details | Chinese Taipei Chen Li-ju Chen Yi-hsuan Huang I-jou | United States Cassidy Cox Paige Pearce Alexis Ruiz | India Raj Kaur Muskan Kirar Jyothi Surekha Vennam |
| Mixed team details | South Korea Kim Jong-ho So Chae-won | France Pierre-Julien Deloche Sophie Dodemont | Chinese Taipei Chen Chieh-lun Chen Yi-hsuan |
# Beacon Mill, Benenden

Beacon Mill is a Grade II listed smock mill in Benenden, Kent, England which is in need of restoration. The mill has been out of use since 1923 and is privately owned.

## History

Beacon Mill is one of two windmills marked on the 1819-43 Ordnance Survey map. It was also marked on Greenwood's 1821 map. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Beacon Mill was run in conjunction with Wandle Mill, on the River Rother. The mill was last worked for trade in 1921 and the sails and fantail were removed in 1923. Two of the sails were re-erected on the White Mill at Headcorn. The other pair were intended for re-use on the Union Mill, Cranbrook but proved unsuitable for that mill. A pair of 4-foot (1.22 m) diameter millstones from the mill were installed in the Union Mill at Cranbrook. Some repairs were carried out to the mill in 1950 to make it waterproof. On 3 December 1977 the cap suffered damage in a storm, and most of the roof was subsequently removed. The remains of the cap, and the windshaft had been removed by 1981. The mill was clad in plywood in the early 1980s in an effort to keep the weather out. It retains the plywood cladding today.

## Description

Beacon Mill has a three-storey smock on a two-storey brick base. It was approximately 50 feet (15.24 m) high overall (to the roof of the cap). It had four single Patent sails mounted on a cast-iron windshaft and was winded by a fantail. There was a wide wooden stage at first-floor level. The Brake Wheel was 10 feet (3.05 m) diameter, driving a 5 feet (1.52 m) diameter Wallower. The Brake Wheel was wood, as is the Wallower and Upright Shaft. whilst the Great Spur Wheel is cast iron with wooden cogs.

## Millers

* William Oxley
* Richard Reeves 1839-47
* John Barton
* Richard Corke
* F Richardson
* Thomas Collins Sr. - 1884
* Thomas Collins Jr. 1884 - 99
* Robert Burgess 1899 - 1921
# Kum aldabae

Kum Aldabae (Arabic: كوم الضبع) is a village located in Al-Bajour markaz in the Menoufia Governorate in Egypt. The population of Al-Kasafah is 16,514.

## Location

Kom El-Dabaa is located on the eastern side of the Monufia Governorate, and its location is from the east of Banha – 19 km, from Minuf and from the west – 22 km, Shibeen El-Kom from the north – 17 km and Ashmoun from the south – 24 km.
# The Stone of the Witch Queen

"The Stone of the Witch-Queen" is a fantasy short story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, part of his Pusadian series. It was first published in the magazine Weirdbook for fall 1977. It has also been translated into Dutch and German. Chronologically, "The Stone of the Witch Queen" is the fifth of de Camp's Pusadian tales, and the third to feature his protagonist Gezun of Lorsk.

## Plot summary

Gezun of Lorsk becomes embroiled in schemes surrounding a magical gem known as the Potent Peridot, which confers control over the opposite sex. Having been once victimized by the gem, he steals it and plans on returning his prize to a previous owner, the witch-queen Bathyllis of Phaiaxia, who has offered a reward for its return. With his ally, the philosopher Aristax, he undertakes the harrowing journey into Phaiaxia to negotiate with the queen. But nothing is straightforward when dealing with a witch, and there are also other interested parties poised to complicate the situation...

## Setting

In common with the other Pusadian tales, "The Stone of the Witch Queen" takes place in a prehistoric era during which a magic-based Atlantian civilization supposedly throve in what was then a single continent consisting of Eurasia joined with Africa, and in the islands to the west. It is similar in conception to Robert E. Howard's Hyborian Age, by which it was inspired, but more astutely constructed, utilizing actual Ice Age geography in preference to a wholly invented one. In de Camp's scheme, the legend of this culture that came down to classic Greece as "Atlantis" was a garbled memory that conflated the mighty Tartessian Empire with the island continent of Pusad and the actual Atlantis, a barbaric mountainous region that is today the Atlas mountain range.
# Teodor Bieregowoj

Teodor Bieregowoj (16 March 1908 – 1 January 1986) was a Polish racewalker. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Bieregowoj served in the Polish resistance movement during the Second World War.
# Centaur (1849 ship)

Centaur was a 188-ton iron brig built in Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1849.
Centaur sank after striking the southern section of Marmion Reef on 9 December 1874 while travelling from Champion Bay to Fremantle. All nine crew and four passengers, including noted politician and lawyer Septimus Burt, survived. The 30-metre (98 ft) brig was carrying 200 tonnes (450 thousand pounds) of galena when she struck the reef, about 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) offshore.
The reef is now named Centaur Reef, and is part of Marmion Marine Park north of Perth, Western Australia.
# Essex Decision

The Essex Decision was a ruling made by the English High Court of Admiralty on 22 May 1805 regarding the capture of the American merchant vessel, Essex. The decision called upon the Rule of 1756, which stated that neutral nations in wartime were only permitted to carry goods that they were permitted to carry in peacetime. Essex was ruled to have violated the Rule of 1756. This led to a sharp increase in British seizure of American ships by the same reasoning and was one of the leading causes of the War of 1812.

## Background

The Napoleonic Wars from 1793-1815 created a shipping void in both Britain and France due to cargo vessels being drafted into military service and relaxed mercantilist policies. With Britain and France blockading each other, Americans helped fill the shipping void and per capita credits in the balance of payments more than tripled due to stimulated overseas commerce.

## The Essex case

The Rule of 1756 makes an important distinction. Trading with the enemy was permissible so that trade carried out in peacetime was not interrupted while trading for the enemy was not permissible. The British reserved the right to interfere with trade that would not have occurred in peacetime. Since American vessels were not allowed to carry cargo to a country directly from its colonies, they would often stop at an American port to evade the British prohibition. The Lords Commissioners of Appeal in Prize Causes ruled that a brief stop at an American port did not neutralize an enemy cargo when the intended final destination was another enemy port. Essex was captured while carrying cargo from the French West Indies to France and therefore its seizure was legal under British law.

## Consequences
### Trade restriction

The Essex Decision introduced a series of trade restriction to impede American trade with France. The United States contested these restrictions as illegal under international law. This fueled growing tensions between the British and the United States. The British seized almost 1,501 ships in total and many American sailors were forcefully drafted into the British Royal Navy (a process known as impressment).

### American response

Congress and President Thomas Jefferson were fearful of becoming entangled in war and declared the Embargo Act of 1807. This prohibited the United States from trading with all foreign ports. This attempt to gain respect of American neutrality backfired as drastic declines in export values and trade earning ensued. With building pressures in port cities, the Non-Importation Act of 1809 was passed to partially open trade. This specifically prohibited trade with Great Britain, France and all of their colonies.

### War of 1812

Continuing seizures of American ships by the British and numerous other complications including disputes between the United States and Britain along the Canadian borders finally led to the War of 1812. During the war the British seized more than 1,000 additional ships and blockaded almost the entire United States coast.
# Mountain Trade and Development Bank

Mountain Trade and Development Bank is a commercial bank in South Sudan. It is licensed by the Bank of South Sudan, the central bank and national banking regulator.
Mountain Trade and Development Bank is a privately held financial institution, founded by wealthy individuals from the Nuba Mountains, in Southern Kordofan State.

## History

Mountain Trade and Development Bank was founded in August 2010, five and one half years after the cessation of hostilities between South Sudan and Sudan and the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in Naivasha, Kenya. With headquarters in the capital city of Juba, the bank has plans to expand to other South Sudanese states. The board of trustees chairman said the banks aims included "empowering the people from the Nuba Mountains to boost their economic development as well to assist South Sudanese in poverty reduction efforts"

## Branch network

As of December 2014, Mountain Trade & Development Bank maintains its headquarters in Juba, the capital of South Sudan and that country's largest city. It also maintains a branch in Nimule, the Eastern Equatoria town at the International border with the Republic of Uganda.