# Quiriquina Formation

The Quiriquina Formation is a geological formation in Chile whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The glauconitic sandstones and conglomerates of the formation were deposited in a marine environment.

## Paleofauna

| Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon | Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |

### Reptiles
#### Birds

Birds reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Neogaeornis | N. wetzeli | Bahía San Vicente | Two tarsometatarsi | A diving bird, possibly a vegaviid | |

#### Mosasaurs

Mosasaurs reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| cf. Halisaurinae indet. | Indeterminate | Loanco | Isolated tooth (SGO.PV.6629) | A halisaurine, another specimen formerly given the same classification has been reclassified as Halisaurus sp. |
| Halisaurus | H. sp. | Cocholgüe | Jaw elements (CPOC/Q/3105) | Specimen formerly classified as cf. Plotosaurus sp. and cf. Halisaurinae indet. |
| Mosasauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Quiriquina Island | Dorsal vertebra (CPMC 18) | A mosasaur, specimen is too fragmentary and eroded for more precise identification |
| Mosasauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Isolated tooth (SGO.PV.6570) Three isolated tooth crowns (SGO.PV.6571) | Material resembles the teeth of a specimen now referred to Halisaurus sp. (CPOC/Q/3105) |
| Plotosaurus | cf. P. sp. | Cocholgüe | Jaw elements (CPOC/Q/3105) | Specimen reassigned to Halisaurus sp. |
| Tylosaurinae indet. | Indeterminate | Cocholgüe Loanco | Two teeth (MPC 11000 & MPC 11001) | A tylosaurine |

#### Plesiosaurs

Plesiosaurs reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Aristonectes | A. quiriquinensis | Cocholgüe Las Tablas Bay | Partial skeleton (SGO.PV.957) Postcranial skeleton of a juvenile (SGO.PV.260) Complete femur (SGO.PV.135) Partial humerus (SGO.PV.169) Caudal vertebrae (SGO.PV.94) | An aristonectine, some specimens of this species were formerly reported as Aristonectinae indet. or Mauisaurus sp. |
| Aristonectinae indet. | Indeterminate | Las Tablas Bay | Postcranial skeleton of a juvenile (SGO.PV.260) | Specimen reassigned to Aristonectes quiriquinensis |
| Cimoliasaurus | C. andium | | Vertebrae and limb elements | An elasmosaurid, species now deemed a nomen dubium |
| Elasmosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | 21 articulated vertebrae (SGO.PV.90) 17 teeth (SGO.PV.6572) | An elasmosaurid |
| Elasmosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Mariscadero | Postcranial skeleton (SGO.PV.6506) | May represent the same species as material referred to the dubious "Cimoliasaurus" andium |
| Mauisaurus | M. sp. | Las Tablas Bay | Complete femur (SGO.PV.135) Partial humerus (SGO.PV.169) | Specimens reassigned to Aristonectes quiriquinensis |
| Plesiosauria indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Partial left propodial (SGO.PV.6638) | May represent a young individual |
| Pliosaurus | P. chilensis | | Vertebrae and limb elements (now lost) | Species now deemed a nomen dubium, material actually represents an elasmosaurid and not a pliosaur |
| Wunyelfia | W. maulensis | Pelluhue | Partial skeleton (SGO.PV.6507) | An aristonectine |

#### Turtles

Turtles reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Australobaena | A. chilensis | Quiriquina | Skull (SFMF R 4151) | A baenid |
| Chelonioidea indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Partial left humerus (MPC.11001) | A sea turtle |
| cf. Dermochelyidae indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Associated ilium, scapula and pubis (SGO.PV.6573) | A possible dermochelyid, though the feature used to diagnose it as such may also be present in some protostegids |
| Euclastes | E. sp. | Cocholgüe | Skull (SGO.PV.6504) | A pancheloniid |
| Testudines indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Neural plate (MPC.11003) Peripheral plate (MPC.11002) | A turtle, specimens cannot be identified more precisely |

### Fish
#### Bony fish

Bony fish reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Belonostomus | B. longirostris | Algarrobo | Two rostrum fragments (SGO-PV 788 & SGO PV 790) Predentary (SGO-PV-789) | An aspidorhynchid |
| Enchodus | E. sp. | Algarrobo | Abdominal centrum (SGO.PV.6825) Dermopalatine with attached fang (SGO.PV.6820a) Broken dermopalatine with attached broken fang (SGO.PV.6820b) Incomplete right articular (SGO.PV.6824) Two isolated fangs (SGO.PV.6519) | An aulopiform |
| Pachycormidae indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Six teeth (SGO.PV.6620) | Specimens resemble the teeth of Protosphyraena but are much smaller |
| Pachyrhizodus | P. sp. | Algarrobo | Three isolated teeth (SGO.PV.6571) | A crossognathiform |

#### Cartilaginous fish

Cartilaginous fish reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Biropristis | B. landbecki | Algarrobo | Oral teeth | A sawskate |
| Callorhynchus | C. sp. | | Dental plates | A ratfish |
| Carcharias | C. sp. | | Teeth | A sand shark |
| Centrophoroides | C. sp. | | Teeth | A dogfish shark |
| Chimaera | C. sp. | | Dental plates | A ratfish |
| Dasyatidae gen. et. sp. nov. | New species | | Teeth | An unnamed species of stingray |
| Edaphodon | E. sp. | | Dental plates | A ratfish |
| Ischyrhiza | I. chilensis | Algarrobo | Rostral teeth | A sawskate |
| Orectolobiformes gen. et. sp. nov. | New species | | Teeth | An unnamed species of carpet shark |
| Paraorthacodus | P. sp. | | Teeth | A paraorthacodontid |
| Squatina | S. sp. | | Teeth | An angelshark |

### Crustaceans

Crustaceans reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anomura indet. | Indeterminate | Algarrobo | Broken dactylus tip (SGO.PI.6408) | A possible hermit crab | |
| Protocallianassa | P. saetosa | Algarrobo Loanco | Multiple specimens | A callianassid | |

### Molluscs
#### Bivalves

Bivalves reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Cardium | C. acuticostatum | Loanco | 82 specimens | A cockle | |

#### Cephalopods

Cephalopods reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Anagaudryceras | A. politissimum | Las Tablas Colchogüe Tomé | Five specimens | A gaudryceratid ammonite |
| Anagaudryceras | A. subtilineatum | Colchogüe Tomé Lirquén | Three juvenile specimens | A gaudryceratid ammonite |
| Baculites | B. anceps | Colchogüe Las Tablas Lirquén San Vicente Santa Sabina Tomé | 40 specimens | A baculitid ammonite |
| Baculites | B. huenickeni | Colchogüe Las Tablas San Vicente Santa Sabina | 32 specimens | A baculitid ammonite |
| Diplomoceras | D. cylindraceum | Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco San Vicente | Seven specimens | A diplomoceratid ammonite |
| Gaudryceras | G. kayei | Colchogüe San Vicente Las Tablas Lirquén Tomé | Six specimens | A gaudryceratid ammonite |
| Eubaculites | E. carinatus | Colchogüe Las Tablas Laguna Lo Méndez Lirquén Loanco | 56 specimens | A baculitid ammonite |
| Grossouvrites | G. gemmatus | Las Tablas Loanco San Vicente | Nine specimens | A kossmaticeratid ammonite |
| Grossouvrites | G. joharae | Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco | Six specimens | A kossmaticeratid ammonite |
| Gunnarites | G. cf. bhavaniformis | San Vicente | Two fragments | A kossmaticeratid ammonite |
| Hoploscaphites | H. constrictus quiriquiniensis | Colchogüe Dichato | 51 specimens | A scaphitid ammonite |
| Hypophylloceras | H. (Neophylloceras) hetonaiense | Las Tablas Colchogüe Tomé Lirquén | 20 specimens | A phylloceratid ammonite |
| Hypophylloceras | H. (Neophylloceras) inflatum | Las Tablas Tomé | Seven specimens | A phylloceratid ammonite |
| Hypophylloceras | H. (Neophylloceras) ramosum | Las Tablas Los Viejos Colchogüe Tomé | 17 specimens | A phylloceratid ammonite |
| Hypophylloceras | H. (Neophylloceras) surya | Las Tablas Colchogüe | Three specimens | A phylloceratid ammonite |
| Kitchinites | K. darwini | Colchogüe Las Tablas Santa Sabina | 30 specimens | A desmoceratid ammonite |
| Kitchinites | K. ifrimae | Colchogüe | Four specimens | A desmoceratid ammonite |
| Kitchinites | K. vicentensis | San Vicente | Four specimens | A desmoceratid ammonite |
| Kossmaticeras | K. (Natalites) erbeni | Colchogüe Las Tablas San Vicente Tomé | Nine specimens | A kossmaticeratid ammonite |
| Maorites | M. densicostatus | Colchogüe Las Tablas | Six specimens | A kossmaticeratid ammonite |
| Menuites | M. gerardoi | San Vicente | Seven specimens | A pachydiscid ammonite |
| Menuites | M. fresvillensis | Las Tablas San Vicente | Eight specimens | A pachydiscid ammonite |
| Naefia | N. neogaeia | Quiriquina Island | Shell | A groenlandibelid |
| Pachydiscus | P. (Pachydiscus) gutierrezi | Colchogüe Las Tablas Lirquén Puente Perales | 14 specimens | A pachydiscid ammonite |
| Pachydiscus | P. (Pachydiscus) jacquoti chilensis | Colchogüe Las Tablas | Three specimens | A pachydiscid ammonite |
| Phyllopachyceras | P. forbesianum | Las Tablas | One specimen | A phylloceratid ammonite |
| Phylloptychoceras | P. sp. | Tomé | Five fragments | A diplomoceratid ammonite |
| Pseudophyllites | P. indra | Colchogüe Las Tablas Loanco | Five specimen | A tetragonitid ammonite |
| Trachybaculites | T. vicentei | San Vicente | One specimen | A baculitid ammonite |
| Zelandites | Z. varuna | Colchogüe Las Tablas Los Viejos Lirquén Tomé | 11 specimens | A gaudryceratid ammonite |

#### Gastropods

Gastropods reported from the Quiriquina Formation :
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes |
| Anisomyon | A. patelliformis | | | A siphonariid |
| Austrosphaera | A. difficilis | | | A buccinoid |
| Avellana | A. (Eriptycha) chilensis | | | A ringiculid |
| Brunonia | B. sp. | | | A carinariid |
| Calyptraea | C. (Trochita) laevis | | | A calyptraeid |
| Concepcionella | C. bonillana | | | |
| Crenilabium | C. (Nonacteonina) chilensis | | | An acteonid |
| Crenilabium | C. (Eacteon) valdovinosensis | Quiriquina Island | | An acteonid |
| Gyrodes | G. (Dockeryella) euryomphalus | | | A naticid |
| Petropoma | P. biroensis | Quiriquina Island | | A colloniid |
| Polinices | P. (Polinella) ganae | | | A naticid |
| Pyrifusus | P. (Deussenia) gigantea | Quiriquina Island | | A pholidotomid |
| Pyropsis | P. (Chilenopsis) quinzioensis | Quiriquina Island | | A pyropsid |
| Tegula | T. ovallei | | Numerous specimens, very common | A tegulid |
| Tephlon | T. tummidus | | | A pugnellid |
| Trochifusus | T. hombroniana | | | A pyropsid |