OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Garda Dog Unit

The Garda Dog Support Unit (Irish: Aonad Gadhar an Gharda Síochána) is a unit of the Garda Síochána, the police force of Ireland.
It is part of the Support Unit which provides specialist support to Gardaí nationwide. The Operational Support Unit also includes the Water Support Unit, Mounted Support Unit and Air Support Unit.
Formed in 1960, the main duties of the dog unit involve assisting in public order situations and searches.
Potential Garda dogs are assessed for about 3-4 weeks and if suitable they start the training programme. It can take at least 8 weeks to train a dog to search for drugs and explosives, and up to 14 weeks to train for patrols and to search for missing persons. After the training is completed, the dog and its handler start operational duty immediately, although ongoing training is continued on a very regular basis. The dogs live in their handler’s home, so they build a relationship with their handler, although the dogs understand the difference between work and off duty.
On 18 October 2023, one of the dogs, named Laser, hit national headlines when it was retiring after serving more than decade in the unit.
There are 19 dogs in the unit, which is based at Kilmainham Garda Station, but there are also dog handlers in Cork and Limerick. In July 2023, a new Garda Dog Unit was approved for Sligo and Leitrim division.
# Tour du Nord

The Tour du Nord was a multi-day road cycling race held in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France between 1933 and 1973.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
| 1933 | Henri Flament | Albert Vandaele | François Blin |
| 1934 | Achiel Dermaux | Noël Declercq | Raymond De Poorter |
| 1935 | Georges Christiaens | Jules Pyncket | Arthur Debruyckere |
| 1936 | Albertin Disseaux | René Walschot | Edgard De Caluwé |
| 1937 | Michel Hermie | Edgard De Caluwé | Noël Declercq |
| 1938 | Julien Legrand | Omer Thys | Jerome Dufromont |
| 1939 | Jerome Dufromont | Michel Hermie | Omer Thys |
| 1952 | Emmanuel Thoma | Jules Renard | André Rosseel |
| 1953 | Albert Platel | Michel Vuylsteke | Edgard Sorgeloos |
| 1954 | André Rosseel | Florent Rondelé | Antoine Frankowski |
| 1958 | Willy Truye | Daniel Denys | Claude Senicourt Gustaaf Van Vaerenbergh |
| 1960 | Willy Truye | Dick Enthoven | Daniel Doom |
| 1961 | Martin van de Borgh | Clément Roman | Louis Troonbeeck |
| 1962 | André Messelis | Benoni Beheyt | Frans Melckenbeeck |
| 1963 | Jan Nolmans | Georges Vandenberghe | Jozef Huysmans |
| 1964 | Jos Huysmans | Guido Reybrouck | Herman Van Springel |
| 1965 | Willy van den Eynde | Pierre Beuffeuil | Jean-Claude Lefebvre |
| 1966 | Roger Milliot | André Messelis | Jaak De Boever Hans Junkermann |
| 1968 | Harry Steevens | Leopold van den Neste | Jozef Huysmans |
| 1969 | René Pijnen | Georges Pintens | Jozef Huysmans |
| 1970 | Raf Hooyberghs | José Catieau | Jean-Marie Leblanc |
| 1972 | Sylvain Vasseur | Raymond Riotte | Louis Verreydt |
| 1973 | Michel Roques | Robert Mintkiewicz | Guy Sibille |
# Conway Public Library

The Conway Public Library serves the town of Conway, New Hampshire. It is located at 15 Greenwood Avenue in Conway village, in an architecturally distinguished Classical Revival building built in 1900 as a gift to the town from Sarah and Lydia Jenks. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

## Services

The Conway Public Library offers a collection of books and other media for lending to residents of Conway and Albany, as well as educators and students at area schools. It provides a community meeting space for small organizations, and offers access to the internet and select online databases. It has special collections on local history.

## Architecture and history

The Conway Public Library occupies a prominent position in Conway's central village, facing north toward Main Street (New Hampshire Route 113) at its junction with New Hampshire Route 16. It is a two-story structure, built out of brick and stone, with Classical Revival features. The traditional main entrance is sheltered by a projecting brownstone portico, and a clocktower with a four-face clock and a copper dome. A modern addition extends east of the original building. The interior of the original building retains many period features, including quarter-sawn oak wainscoting and stained glass windows.
The library was founded in 1895 by the Conway Women's Club, and the present building was constructed in 1900. It was designed by Thomas Silloway, better known for his many churches and the Vermont State House, and may be his only library design. The clock in the tower was provided by George M. Stevens. The building was a gift of Lydia and Sarah Jenks, in honor of Lydia's late husband Thomas, a prominent local doctor who bequeathed funds for its establishment.
# Botond Király

Botond Király (born 26 October 1994) is a Hungarian professional footballer who plays for Pápa.

## Club statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Pápa |
| Pápa | 2011–12 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Pápa | 2012–13 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 3 |
| Pápa | 2013–14 | 12 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 1 |
| Pápa | 2014–15 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
| Pápa | Total | 27 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 4 |
| Career Total | | 27 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 4 |
Updated to games played as of 6 December 2014.
# Mary Settegast

Mary Settegast (May 27, 1934 – August 24, 2020) was a contemporary American scholar and author who specialized in the Neolithic Age.
Settegast earned graduate degrees from the University of California, Berkeley and Columbia University. She received critical praise for her books Plato Prehistorian, Mona Lisa's Moustache, When Zarathustra Spoke, and The Bear, the Bull, and the Child of Light. As their titles indicate, Settegast's first and third books focus on human prehistory; her special interest was on the co-evolution of religion and agriculture. In a different vein, Mona Lisa's Moustache deals with contemporary cultural and intellectual issues. Her fourth and final book, a novel set during the prehistoric period covered in her earlier works, imagines the journey of a hunter-forager child who is taken to live as a slave among the obsidian masters in Çatalhöyük during the time of the emergence of agriculture around the Mediterranean.

## Plato Prehistorian

In her book Plato Prehistorian (1986, 2nd edition 1990) Settegast argues Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias are partially reliable sources of oral tradition that contain memories that extend as far back to the Paleolithic cultures of Western Europe and Neolithic Çatalhöyük. As a cautious scholar, she doesn't seek to identify Atlantis as a real place, and questions the existence of the island, but instead identifies the culture on Atlantis described by Plato with Magdalenian culture (17,000 – 12,000 BP) of the Lascaux cave art.
In 1992, a fairly negative review of the book was published in the classics journal Ancient Philosophy. It is pointed out Settegast's book is unusual and that the consensus among classicists is Plato's dialogues about Atlantis don't contain a kernel of historical truth and are fiction. On the other hand, the back-cover of Plato Prehistorian (2nd ed. Lindisfarne Press, 1990) quotes positive reviews by academics, including William Irwin Thompson: "A highly original and completely fascinating look at the shore between myth and history."

## Bibliography (books)

* Plato Prehistorian: 10,000 to 5000 B.C. in Myth and Archaeology, Cambridge, MA, Rotenberg Press, 1986. ISBN 978-0-9617333-1-5
* Mona Lisa's Moustache: Making Sense of a Dissolving World, Grand Rapids, MI, Phanes Press, 2001. ISBN 978-1-890482-91-6
* When Zarathustra Spoke: The Reformation of Neolithic Culture and Religion, Costa Mesa, CA, Mazda Publishers, 2005. ISBN 978-1-56859-184-1
* The Bear, the Bull, and the Child of Light: A Prehistoric Novel, Boulder, CO, Rotenberg Press, 2018. ISBN 978-1-7324122-0-0
# Lallu Ki Laila

Lallu Ki Laila is a Bhojpuri language comedy romance drama film directed by Sushil Kumar Upadhyay and produced by Ratnakar Kumar with co-produced by Sushil Singh and Prakash Jais under banner of "Worldwide Channel". It stars Dinesh Lal Yadav "Nirahua", Amrapali Dubey and Yamini Singh in the lead roles, while Kanak Pandey, Sanjay Pandey, Sushil Singh, Prakash Jais, Dev Singh, Deepak Sinha, Reena Rani and Imroj Akhtar "Munna" in supporting roles.

## Cast

* Dinesh Lal Yadav "Nirahua" as Lallu aka Lallan Sinha
* Amrapali Dubey as Divya
* Yamini Singh as Kajal
* Kanak Pandey as Priya Chaudhary
* Sanjay Pandey as Dilawar
* Sushil Singh as Raghunandan, Divya's father
* Prakash Jais as Sansani, Lallu's friend
* Dev Singh as Rocky
* Deepak Sinha as Kailashnath Sinha, Lallu's father
* Reena Rani as Durga, Lallu's mother
* Jai Prakash Singh
* J Neelam as Padma Rai
* Imroj Akhtar "Munna"

## Production

The film is directed by Sushil Kumar Upadhyay and Ratnakar Kumar with co-produced by Prakash Jais and Sushil Kumar and written by Sanjay Rai. The cinematography has been done by R R Prince while choreography is by Kanu Mukerjee, Ram Devan and Dilip Mistri. Gurjent Singh is the editor and action done by Dilip Yadav. It will be released in September 2019.

## Music

Music of "Lallu Ki Laila" is composed by Madhukar Anand with lyrics penned by Azad Singh, Santosh Puri and Sandeep Sajan. It is produced under the "Worldwide Records Bhojpuri" label, owned by film producer Ratnakar Kumar.

### Track list
## Marketing

First-look poster was this film released on 1 June 2019 on official Instagram handle of Amrapali Dubey. Second-look poster is out on 17 July 2019 at official Instagram handle of actress Yamini Singh.
The trailer of this film is released on 3 August 2019 at official YouTube channel of "Worldwide Records Bhojpuri", who also bought his satellite rights.
The film was released on 12 September 2019 in Mumbai and 13 September 2019 in Bihar and Jharkhand.
# 26th Connecticut Infantry Regiment

Connecticut U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865 :
| Previous | Next |
| 25th Connecticut Infantry Regiment | 27th Connecticut Infantry Regiment |
The 26th Connecticut Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War for nine months service.

## Service

The 26th Connecticut Infantry Regiment was organized at Norwich, Connecticut, on November 10, 1862. The regiment was attached to Sherman's Division, Department of the Gulf, to January 1863. And then to the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps, Department of the Gulf, to August 1863. The 26th Connecticut Infantry mustered out of service August 17, 1863.
Located in Norwich's Little Plain Park (between Broadway and Union Street), sits the 26th Regiment Volunteer Infantry Monument, dedicated in 1902 to honor those who served in the Civil War in late 1862 and mid-1863.

## Detailed service

The regiment left Connecticut for eastern New York November 12, then sailed for Ship Island and New Orleans, Louisiana, November 29, arriving there December 16. Subsequently: duty at Camp Parapet until May 1863, moved to Springfield Landing May 20, siege of Port Hudson May 24-July 9, and assaults on Port Hudson May 27 and June 14. Finally, the surrender of Port Hudson on July 9.

## Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 145 men during service; 4 officers and 51 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 89 enlisted men died of disease.

## Commanders

* Colonel Thomas G. Kingsley - Wounded May 27, 1863 during the first assault at Port Hudson.
* Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Selden - commanded during the siege of Port Hudson
# 40 y 20 (album)

40 y 20 is a 1992 album by José José. It was the singer's first collaboration with Argentine songwriter and producer Roberto Livi. The title track "40 y 20", about the relationship of a man of 40 with a girl of 20, was a major hit spending over 17 weeks on the charts and peaking at number four. The next single "Eso no más", spent 15 weeks and peaked at number five. The album went triple gold.
The publication of this album coincided with the most dramatic stage in the life of the performer which was, according to the DVD of the documentary Biography in Song: Volume 3, a product of deteriorated health due to alcohol and substance abuse. His second divorce after 17 years of marriage with Ana Elena Noreña Grass depressed José José, causing him to relapse into alcoholism and end up living in a taxi, about to give up everything, deciding to wait for the release of death. However, thanks to his faith, he recovered. The singles that stand out of this album are: "40 y 20", "Cirano", "Eso nomás", "Lo que quedó de mí" and "Así de fácil".
# Tadashi Okamoto

Tadashi Okamoto (岡本 正, Okamoto Tadashi, born 10 November 1947) is a Japanese boxer. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he lost to Kim Seong-eun of South Korea.
# Rosa's Wedding

Rosa's Wedding (Spanish: La boda de Rosa) is a 2020 Spanish comedy film directed by Icíar Bollaín, starring Candela Peña and Sergi López.
The film was nominated for eight Goya Awards and nine Feroz Awards.

## Plot

Rosa, about to turn 45, combines her job as a movie seamstress with the pressure of helping her demanding family. She reaches breaking point and realises she has always lived her life to serve everyone else. Desperate, she is compelled to take the sudden decision to leave everything behind and focus on herself. She plans to symbolically marry herself, and pursue her dream of starting her own business. However, many obstacles, including her father, siblings and daughter, stand in the way of her joining herself in holy matrimony and beginning to live her life.

## Cast

* Candela Peña as Rosa
* Sergi López as Armando
* Nathalie Poza as Violeta
* Ramón Barea as Antonio
* Paula Usero as Lidia

## Reception

Rosa's Wedding received positive reviews from film critics. It holds a 100% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 reviews, with an average rating of 7.4/10.

## Awards

| Awards | Category | Nominated | Result |
| Goya Awards | Best Film | Best Film | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Director | Icíar Bollaín | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Original Screenplay | Icíar Bollaín and Alicia Luna | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Actress | Candela Peña | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Sergi López | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Nathalie Poza | Won |
| Goya Awards | Best New Actress | Paula Usero | Nominated |
| Goya Awards | Best Original Song | "Que no, que no" by María Rozalén | Won |
| Premios Feroz | Best Comedy Film | Best Comedy Film | Won |
| Premios Feroz | Best Trailer | Best Trailer | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Director | Icíar Bollaín | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Screenplay | Icíar Bollaín and Alicia Luna | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Actress | Candela Peña | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Supporting Actor | Ramón Barea | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Supporting Actor | Sergi López | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Supporting Actress | Nathalie Poza | Nominated |
| Premios Feroz | Best Supporting Actress | Paula Usero | Nominated |
| Platino Awards | Best Director | Icíar Bollaín | Nominated |
| Platino Awards | Best Actress | Candela Peña | Won |
| Platino Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Nathalie Poza | Won |
# 11th Seiyu Awards

The 11th Seiyu Awards was held on March 18, 2017 at the JOQR Media Plus Hall in Minato, Tokyo. The winners of the Merit Awards, the Kei Tomiyama Award and the Kazue Takahashi Award were announced on February 21, 2017. The winners of the Synergy Award and Kids/Family award was announced on March 14, 2017. The rest of the winners were announced on the ceremony day.
| Winners | Agency | Highlight Works |
| Best Actor in a Leading Role |||
| Ryunosuke Kamiki | Amuse, Inc. | Taki Tachibana (Anime film Your Name) |
| Best Actress in a Leading Role |||
| Mone Kamishiraishi | TOHO Entertainment | Mitsuha Miyamizu (Anime film Your Name) |
| Best Actors in Supporting Roles |||
| Hōchū Ōtsuka | Crazy Box | Satō (Anime TV series Ajin: Demi-Human) |
| Best Actresses in Supporting Roles |||
| Megumi Han | Atomic Monkey | Sumi (Anime film In This Corner of the World) |
| Best Rookie Actors |||
| Setsuo Itō | Air Agency | Shigeo "Mob" Kageyama (Anime TV series Mob Psycho 100) |
| Yūma Uchida | I'm Enterprise | Hayate Immelmann (Anime TV series Macross Delta) |
| Yūsuke Kobayashi | Yu-rin Pro | Arslan (Anime TV series The Heroic Legend of Arslan: Dust Storm Dance) |
| Best Rookie Actresses |||
| Ari Ozawa | I'm Enterprise | Mizuki Usami (Anime TV series This Art Club Has a Problem!) |
| Sayaka Senbongi | I'm Enterprise | Mumei (Anime TV series Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress) |
| Minami Tanaka | 81 Produce | Katia Waldheim (Anime TV series Schwarzesmarken) |
| Singing Award |||
| Winner | Members | Agency |
| Aqours | Anju Inami Rikako Aida Nanaka Suwa Arisa Komiya Shuka Saitō Aika Kobayashi Kanako Takatsuki Aina Suzuki Ai Furihata | Lantis |
| Personality Award |||
| Winner | Agency | Highlight Works |
| Natsuki Hanae | Across Entertainment | TV show Oha Suta |
| Natsuki Hanae | Across Entertainment | Radio Show A&G Tribal Radio Agson |
Merit Award :
| Winners | Winners | Agency | Agency |
| Kiyoshi Kobayashi | Kiyoshi Kobayashi | Haikyō | Haikyō |
| Mari Shimizu | Mari Shimizu | 81 Produce | 81 Produce |
| Junko Hori | Junko Hori | Production Baobab | Production Baobab |
| Synergy Award ||||
| Winner ||||
| Your Name ||||
| Kei Tomiyama Memorial Award ||||
| Winner | Winner | Agency | Agency |
| Ryusei Nakao | Ryusei Nakao | 81 Produce | 81 Produce |
| Kazue Takahashi Memorial Award ||||
| Winner | Winner | Agency | Agency |
| Sumi Shimamoto | Sumi Shimamoto | freelance | freelance |
| Kids/Family Award ||||
| Winner ||||
| All The Secret Life of Pets cast ||||
| Special Award ||||
| Winner | Winner | Agency | Agency |
| Non | Non | LesPros entertainment | LesPros entertainment |
# Csaba Vadász

Csaba Vadász (born 25 August 1960) is a Hungarian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 52 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He also had notable success in other international competitions, including multiple top finishes at both World and European Championships. Csaba Vadász was affiliated with the Dunaújvárosi Kohász Sportegyesület club during his competitive career.
# Antoni Łangowski

Antoni Łangowski (born 19 April 1990) is a Polish handball player for Gwardia Opole and the Polish national team.

## Career

He made his debut for the national team on 4 June 2013, in a friendly match against Sweden (27:29), where he scored two goals. He was also chosen to participate at the 2013 World Championship in Spain, but failed to make it to the final squad.
He represented Poland at the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship.
# Moon and Stars

Moon and Stars may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment
### Albums

* The Moon and the Stars, a 2011 album by Buren Bayaer
* The Moon and Stars: Prescriptions for Dreamers, a 2021 album by Valerie June
* Moon & Stars, a 2024 album by The Mavericks

### Songs

* "Moon and Stars (Reverie)", a piano composition by Carl Wilhelm Kern
* "Moon and the Stars", from the 1986 Earl Klugh album Life Stories
* "Luna Y Estrellas (Moon & Stars)", from the 1996 Lara & Reyes album Two Guitars One Passion
* "Moon and Stars", from the 2010 mixtape K.R.I.T. Wuz Here
* "The Moon and the Stars", from the 2014 John Mark Nelson album Sings the Moon
* "Moon and Stars", a 2020 single by Snot

### Film and television

* "Moon and Stars", a 1990 episode of Rod, Jane and Freddy
* "Moon and Stars", a 2006 episode of The Good Night Show
* The Moon and the Stars, a 2007 film

### Other arts and entertainment

* "The Moon and the Stars", a 1902 poster by Alphonse Mucha
* "Moon and Stars", a 2015 episode of the Judge John Hodgman podcast
* Moon and Stars, an annual music festival in Locarno, Switzerland

## Other

* The Moon and Stars Project grant program of the American Turkish Society
* Moon and Stars, a variety of watermelon
* The Moon and Stars, an early 20th-century temperance hotel operated by John Boudier of the Cardiff Coloured Men's Christian Association
* The Moon and Stars, a early 20th-century pub operated by St Anne's Church, Roath, Cardiff
# 26th New York Infantry Regiment

New York U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865 :
| Previous | Next |
| 25th New York Infantry Regiment | 27th New York Infantry Regiment |
The 26th New York Infantry Regiment, the "2nd Oneida Regiment", was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 26th New York was organized in Elmira, New York, under command of Colonel William H. Christian Lieutenant Colonel Richard A. Richardson and Major Gibert S. Jennings, and was mustered in for a two-year enlistment on May 21, 1861.
The regiment was mustered out of service on May 28, 1863, and those men who had signed three year enlistments or who re-enlisted were transferred to the 97th New York.

## Total strength and casualties

The regiment suffered 5 officers and 101 enlisted men who were killed in action or mortally wounded and 42 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 148 fatalities.
# Smithson baronets

The Smithson Baronetcy, of Stanwick in the County of York, is a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 2 August 1660 for Hugh Smithson (1598-1670) of Stanwick St John, Yorkshire. Sir Hugh Smithson, 3rd Baronet, married Elizabeth Langdale, daughter of Marmaduke Langdale, Baron Langdale. Sir Hugh Smithson, the fourth Baronet, married Lady Elizabeth Seymour, daughter of Algernon Seymour, 7th Duke of Somerset and heiress of the Percy family, Earls of Northumberland. In 1749 the Duke of Somerset was created Earl of Northumberland, with remainder to his son-in-law Sir Hugh Smithson, who succeeded as second Earl on his father-in-law's death in 1750. He assumed the surname of Percy and was created Duke of Northumberland in 1766. The baronetcy remains merged with the dukedom.
Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC was founded with the legacy of James Smithson, illegitimate son of Sir Hugh, 4th Baronet (Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland).

## Smithson baronets of Stanwick (1660)

* Sir Hugh Smithson, 1st Baronet (c. 1598–1670)
* Sir Jerome Smithson, 2nd Baronet (c. 1630–1684)
* Sir Hugh Smithson, 3rd Baronet (1657–1729)
** Langdale Smithson
* Sir Hugh Smithson (later Percy), 4th Baronet (c.1714–1786) (succeeded as Earl of Northumberland in 1750 and created Duke of Northumberland in 1766)
For further succession, see Duke of Northumberland.

## Arms

The Arms of Smithson of Stanwick, Yorkshire (ancient) are blazoned Argent, a chevron engrailed sable between three oak leaves erect slipped vert
The arms of the Smithson baronets of Stanwick are Or, on a chief embattled azure three suns proper.
# Spelter

Spelter is a zinc–lead alloy that ages to resemble bronze, but is softer and has a lower melting point. The name can also refer to a copper–zinc alloy (a brass) used for brazing, or to pure zinc.

## Etymology

In his etymology of the English language, 19th-century philologist Walter William Skeat speculated that the word pewter might have been derived from spelter.

## Zinc–lead spelter

An inexpensive alloy that is easily cast and worked, spelter was used from the 1860s in the manufacture of candlesticks, clock cases, tableware, and light fixtures. In the early 20th century, sculptors such as Jacques Limousin used spelter heavily in their manufacture of Art Nouveau and Art Deco figurines and other ornaments.
Spelter is relatively soft and brittle. It can be distinguished from bronze by scratching its patina: untarnished spelter is white, while bronze is yellow.

## The speltering process

Brass was made using a cementation process but this was replaced by speltering, the direct alloying of copper and zinc metal which was introduced to Europe in the 16th century.

## Other uses

Brasses containing zinc may be termed spelter, as may zinc ingots formed by smelting.