# Stephanus Swart

Stephanus Andries Johannes Swart (21 July 1888 – 6 May 1927) was a South African farmer and spree killer who killed at least eight people and wounded three others in Charlestown, South Africa on 6 May 1927, before killing himself.

## Timeline

Stephanus Swart was born on 21 July 1888 in Ladismith in Cape Colony. He arrived in Charlestown in 1920. Little is known about him before this time. It is thought he had been a horse trader.

### Marriage

On 1 December 1921 Swart aged 33 married a wealthy 64-year-old widow, Anna Eksteen. She owned the farm Potters Hill west of Charlestown which Swart farmed and made productive again.

### Imprisonment

A few years later Swart seriously assaulted Willie Knight, the husband of his stepdaughter Fannie Knight. They lived on a nearby farm Shorstcliff. Swart served 18 months imprisonment for the assault with a horse stirrup.

### Incest charges

After his time in prison, Swart had been involved in a love affair with his 14-year-old niece Sarie Alberts and he brought her to come and live with him on his farm. His estranged wife Annie had left the farm to live with relatives in Potchefstroom and Charlestown.
On 1 May 1927 Swart was served with a summons on charges of incest.
On 3 May Swart fired shots at his neighbour Roets. He went looking for Willie Knight on whose assault charges he had served prison for, but Knight had fled.
On 4 May Swart summoned his lawyer Maasdorp from Volksrust to draw up a 28 page final Will and testament that was also a suicide statement. The police had asked the lawyer to convince his client to hand himself in, but Swart refused. He had declared he would not be captured and made threats of killing as many as he could and saving his last bullet for himself. His lawyer had notified the police of the violent mental state of his client and said his client was in a state of mental crisis.
Swart failed to appear court in Newcastle on 5 May as accused for incest. An arrest for contempt of court was issued.

### Killing spree

On Friday 6 May 1927 a team of ten policemen led by Captain Gerald Ashman arrived at daylight to arrest Swart at his farm Potters Hill. In the misty low visibility conditions Swart shot and killed five policemen including Ashman and wounded one. Swart fled on horseback towards Charlestown. On the road he happened to come across his stepdaughter Fannie Knight and farm manager Cornelis Roets in a horse cart. He shot and killed them both on the road. They had both previously testified against him. From there he went to find his estranged wife in Charlestown where he found her in her brother's house, where he shot and killed her.
On the same day it is believed he also killed a black African man, but the identity of the man is still unknown.
From there he was heading in the direction of Volkrust and fired on a car wounding two people. At this point police all over the district had been notified and had formed a posse of local farmers along with police to hunt him down. The group caught up to him on the road between Charlestown and Volkrust and fired shots at him. Swart was spotted diving into a ditch where he shot and killed himself using the gun he had stolen from Ashman.
Swart was buried in the grounds of the Charlestown police station in a coffin that was reportedly too short for his body.

## Victims
### Policemen

* Inspector Gerald C. Ashman
* Constable William H. Crossman
* Sergeant J.A. Grove
* Head Constable William Charles Mitchell
* Sergeant Annes van Wyk

### Witnesses at previous trial

* Fannie Knight (step daughter)
* Cornelis Roets

### Estranged wife

* Annie Swart

### Uncertain

* It is possible there was an unidentified African man also part of the killing spree.

## Memorials

A memorial was erected in the Charlestown cemetery for the five slain policemen.
Another memorial on the location of the murder of Fanny Knight reads "Hierdie Gedenkteken is opgerigt ter gedagtenis aan Fannie Knight -nee Eksteen- en C. Roets, wat deur S. Swart geskiet was op die 6de Mei 1927, terwyl hy van die polisie ontsnap het to Potters Hill" (This memorial is erected in memory of Fanny Knight -nee Eksteen- and C. Roets. Who was shot by S. Swart on 6 May 1927 while he had escaped from the police at Potter's Hill).