OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# FMC Technologies

FMC Technologies, Inc. was a North American company that produced equipment for the exploration and production of hydrocarbons. FMC Technologies was incorporated in 2000 when FMC Corporation divested its machinery businesses. It exists today as a part of TechnipFMC, after a merge with Technip in 2017.

## History

FMC Technologies was a provider of systems and solutions for the oil and gas industry. The company was divided into three business areas: Subsea Technologies, Surface Technologies and Energy Infrastructures. FMC Technologies designed, manufactured and serviced systems and products such as subsea production and processing systems, surface wellhead systems, high pressure pumps and fluid control equipment, measurement solutions and marine loading systems. In 1993, it acquired the Norwegian company Kongsberg Offshore from Siemens.
FMC Technologies originally existed for decades as a division of Food Machinery Corporation, or FMC. The division's transition into a distinct business entity began in 2000, when FMC announced plans to restructure itself into two separate, publicly traded companies - a machinery business (FMC Technologies) and a chemicals business (FMC Corporation). FMC Technologies, Inc. began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on June 14, 2001. In 2008, FMC Technologies spun off its FoodTech and Airport businesses into a new, independent, publicly traded company called JBT Corporation. In 2009, the company acquired Multi Phase Meters (MPM), a Norwegian technology company that provides advanced instrumentation for the oil industry.
In 2014, FMC Technologies divested its Material Handling Products business to Syntron Material Handling, LLC, an affiliate of Levine Leichtman Capital Partners.
Globally, FMC Technologies had approximately 17,400 employees by 2015, consisting of approximately 5,700 in the United States and 11,700 in non-U.S. locations. The company had a total of 30 locations in 16 countries, including the United States, Norway, Brazil, Scotland, Singapore, Australia, Poland, Russia, India, Angola and Nigeria. Its headquarters were located in northern Houston, Texas. In Norway there were about 3800 employees, working at locations in Kongsberg, Asker, Bergen, Stavanger, Kristiansund, Floro and Notodden. On October 1, 2012, the company acquired Pure Energy Services. In the same year, FMC Technologies was named by Fortune (magazine) as the World's Most Admired Oil and Gas Equipment, Service Company.
On May 19, 2016, it was announced that FMC Technologies would team up with French Technip to create a new company called TechnipFMC. After the approval of regulatory authorities, TechnipFMC began operating as a unified company in Jan 17, 2017. The all-share deal resulted in a company with a market value of about $13 billion.

## Leadership

Douglas Pferdehirt was Chairman and CEO of FMC Technologies, Inc.
# GH

Gh or GH may refer to:

## Businesses and organisations

* Gästrike-Hälsinge nation, a student society at Uppsala University, Sweden
* GitHub, a hosting platform for code and software projects
* Globus Airlines (IATA:GH)
* Grubhub, an American online food delivery platform
* Iron Guard (Argentina) (Spanish: Guardia de Hierro), a socialist organisation

## Entertainment

* Guitar Hero, a video game series
** Guitar Hero (video game), the first in the series
* General Hospital, an American daytime medical drama

## Science and technology

* .gh, Ghana's Internet top-level domain
* Gigahenry, an SI unit of electrical inductance
* Growth hormone, a hormone which stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other animals
* DGH Degrees of general hardness (properly dGH or °GH, but sometimes written simply GH)

## Other uses

* gh (digraph), in language
* Howard GH, an American WWII transport and utility plane
* Ghana (ISO 3166-1 country code:GH)
* GH, a suspect in the assassination of Olof Palme
# Matthew Rankin

Matthew Rankin is a Canadian experimental filmmaker. His feature-length debut, The Twentieth Century, premiered in 2019 and was nominated for eight Canadian Screen Awards, winning three.
His second feature film, Universal Language (Une langue universelle), premiered in the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2024 Cannes Film Festival, The film was longlisted for the 2024 Jean-Marc Vallée DGC Discovery Award, and was selected as the Canadian entry for the Academy Award for the Best International Feature Film at the 97th Academy Awards.
He has also received accolades for his 2014 film Mynarski Death Plummet, which was a shortlisted Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 4th Canadian Screen Awards and a shortlisted Jutra Award nominee for Best Short Film at the 17th Jutra Awards, and his 2017 film The Tesla World Light, which won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Animated Short at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards and received an Honourable Mention for the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival.
Originally from Winnipeg, Manitoba, he studied history at McGill University and Université Laval.
He has also had occasional small acting roles in other directors' films, most recently the 2022 films This House (Cette maison) and Before I Change My Mind.

## Filmography

Short films
* Le facteur poulpe - 2005
* Où est Maurice? - 2006
* I Dream of Driftwood - 2008
* Sharhé-Halé Shakhsi: M. Rankin - 2008
* Cattle Call - 2008
* Hydro-Lévesque - 2008
* Negativipeg - 2010
* Tabula Rasa - 2012
* Mynarski Death Plummet - 2014
* The Radical Expeditions of Walter Boudreau - 2015
* The Tesla World Light - 2017
* Municipal Relaxation Module - 2022
Feature-length films
* The Twentieth Century - 2019
* Universal Language - 2024
# Margaret, Countess of Mar

Margaret of Mar (died c. 1391) was Countess of Mar, an ancient earldom in Scotland, in her own right.

## Life

She was a daughter of Domhnall II of Mar and became Countess of Mar in her own right after the death of her brother Thomas, 9th Earl of Mar. She had married William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas, who was styled Earl of Mar by right of his wife, and who was succeeded by their son, James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas and Earl of Mar and Garioch in right of his mother. He was killed in 1388, leading the Scots at the Battle of Otterburn.
Margaret was succeeded by her daughter, Isabel, who became Countess of Mar, possessed the Lordship of the Garioch, and also became the Countess of the unentailed lands of the House of Douglas.
# Byron Duckenfield

Group Captain Byron Leonard "Ron" Duckenfield AFC (15 April 1917 – 19 November 2010) was a World War II Royal Air Force fighter pilot who flew during the Battle of Britain.

## Early life

Duckenfield was born in Sheffield, and was educated at Sheffield City High School before working as a milkman and then joining the Royal Air Force in 1935.

## Royal Air Force

Duckenfield began his RAF career at No. 10 Flying Training School at RAF Ternhill near Market Drayton in 1935. Having qualified as a pilot and been promoted to the rank of Sergeant, he was posted to 32 Squadron at RAF Biggin Hill on 8 August 1936 to fly Hurricanes. He was part of the testing which resulted in the formation of the Chain Home Low coastal radar stations. He joined 74 Squadron who were flying Spitfires in April 1940. He was soon posted to 501 Squadron in France, and after just six days there, he cheated death when on board a Bristol Bombay transport aircraft which crashed in France, killing three squadron members and the crew, and injuring six others. He was sent to hospital back in the UK.
Back with 501 on 23 July, on 15 August Duckenfield clashed with Dornier Do 215s, shooting one down and claiming another as a 'probable'. On 28 August he claimed a Messerschmitt 109, and another on 8 September. On 15 September he was posted to RAF Northolt to serve as a test pilot at the Air Fighting Development Unit.
Awarded an Air Force Cross in late 1941, Duckenfield was also Mentioned in Despatches.
Serving with 615 Squadron in Burma in late December 1942, Duckenfield was shot down over Magwe and captured. He spent two-and-a-half years in a Rangoon jail and remained a POW until May 1945.
In November 1949, Duckenfield undertook a refresher course at the Flying Training School, after which he took command of 19 Squadron flying Hornets and Meteors from RAF Church Fenton.
Duckenfield was awarded the Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service in the Air.
After a number of staff positions, he retired from the RAF as a Group Captain on 28 May 1969.
His final score was three kills and one shared aircraft destroyed, and one damaged.

## Post RAF career

After retiring from the RAF, Duckenfield worked in marketing for Rolls-Royce in Japan from 1969 until 1982 before retiring to Bretby Park, where he enjoyed walking, reading and crosswords.
Byron Duckenfield died, aged 93, on 19 November 2010 in Bretby, Derbyshire.
# Mohan Lal (politician)

Mohan Lal is an Indian politician from Jammu & Kashmir. He is a Member of the Jammu & Kashmir Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Akhnoor Assembly constituency as a Member of the Bharatiya Janta Party.
# Nauri Nayak

Nauri Nayak is an Indian politician from Odisha. He was a Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 2019, representing Rengali Assembly constituency as a Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Pisisaare

Pisisaare is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
# Nambaroo

Nambaroo is an extinct genus of macropod marsupial from the late Oligocene to the early Miocene of Australia.
Recent research suggests that the many species belonging to this genus may be either be invalid or belong to the closely related Ganawamaya.

## Sources

* ↑ Flannery, Tim; Rich, Thomas H. V. (1986). "Macropodoids from the Middle Miocene Namba Formation, South Australia, and the homology of some dental structures in kangaroos". Journal of Paleontology. 60 (2): 418–447. Bibcode:1986JPal...60..418F. doi:10.1017/S0022336000021958. S2CID 86029480.
* ↑ B.P. Kear; B.N. Cooke; M. Archer; T.F.Flannery (2007). Implications of a new species of the Oligo-Miocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia, in Journal of Paleontology 81, pp. 1147-1167. (abstract)
* ↑ Butler, K. (2018). "Revision of Oligo-Miocene kangaroos, Ganawamaya and Nambaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes, Balbaridae)" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1): 1–58. doi:10.26879/747.
* "Granddaddy of Kangaroos" Found in Aussie Fossil at National Geographic
* Paleontology portal
vtePhalangerida :
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Diprotodontia :
Phalangerida :
Macropodiformes :
* This article about a prehistoric marsupial is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a diprotodont is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ruqʿah script

Ruqʿah (Arabic: رُقعة) or Riqʿah (رِقعة) is a writing style of Arabic script intended for the rapid production of texts. It is a relatively simple and plain style, used for everyday writing and often used for signs. The Ottoman calligraphers Mumtaz Efendi (1810–1872) and Mustafa Izzet Efendi (1801–1876) are credited with standardizing the writing style which has existed in slightly different styles as everyday handwriting.
It is not to be confused with the much older reqāʿ (رِقَاع) style.

## Description and usage

Ruqʿah is the most common type of handwriting in the Arabic script. It is known for its clipped letters composed of short, straight lines and simple curves, as well as its straight and even lines of text. It was probably derived from the Thuluth and Naskh styles.
Unlike other types of calligraphy, ruqʿah is not considered as an art form. Instead, it is a functional style of writing that is quick to write and easy to read. Every literate Ottoman was expected to be able to use the ruqʿah.
The demonstration below is not typical since it uses full vowels, which are rarely used in handwriting:
If one of the ruqʿah style fonts is installed, the following text should appear as the above image sample:

## Gallery

* Street sign in Jerusalem
* The numerals 23 appear in Ruqʿah style (٢٣) differently from Naskh (٢٣).
* Ruqʿah as a display typeface: A 1951 edition of the Young Egypt Party journal Al-Ishtirakiyya. Ruqʿah is used for the headlines, Naskh for body text.
* A letter hand written by Jurji Zaydan
* Height of the letter Alif

## Typefaces

Examples of a modern digital typeface rendering Arabic text in this style, are:
* Aref Ruqaa by Abdullah Aref
* Rakkas by Zeynep Akay
* Waseem on iOS
* B Arabic Style by Borna Rayaneh
* Layla Ruqaa by Mohammed Isam
# Khooshe Talaee F.C.

Khooshe Talaee Saveh Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال خوشه طلایی ساوه, Bâšgâh-e Futbâl-e Xuše-Talâyi-ye Sâve ) is an Iranian football club based in Saveh, Iran who compete in Azadegan League .

## Head coaches

* Morteza Moradi (2016–2017)
* Kourosh Barmak (2017)
* Nasser Ebrahimi (2017)
* Mohsen Ashouri (2017–2020)
* Sohrab Bakhtiarizadeh (2020–2021)
* Vahid Bayatlou (2021–2023)

## Honours

* League 2:
    Winners (1): 2018–19
# Nativity (Barocci)

The Nativity is an oil on canvas painting by Italian painter Federico Barocci, created in 1597. It depicts the episode of the Nativity of Jesus. It is held in the Museo del Prado, in Madrid.

## History

The painting was commissioned and executed in 1597 for Francesco Maria II Della Rovere, Duke of Urbino. Some years later he was asked for the artist, probably with the purpose of a commission, by the ambassador Bernardo Maschi on behalf of the Spanish queen Margaret of Austria. Knowing about the artist's slowness but still wanting to please the queen, the duke decided to donate the work in his possession, which therefore went to Spain, in 1605. Queen Margaret appreciated the gift, defining the canvas as "very cheerful and devout". Barocci had made a copy in a slightly larger format, c. 1599, and presumably kept it in his study in the Archbishop's Palace. He said it was one of his most precious belongings. The original painting ended up in the Prado and the replica is now in the Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, in Milan.

## Description

In a stable with a donkey and an ox as company, depicted partially at the right, the newborn Jesus is seen lying on straw in a manger. There is a divine light which radiates from the Son of Man Himself. The light particularly illuminates his mother, the Virgin Mary, who welcomes it with gratitude and tenderly holds out her arms. Joseph is seen more in the background and in the shadows, while he turns his head towards two shepherds, who appear at the door; Joseph points them to the child. The signs of the zodiac are engraved on a metal ring below Jesus and Mary. These symbols seem to indicate the cosmological importance of the event witnessed.
The atmosphere of the scene is intimate and familiar. Barocci uses warm pastel tones and, like in other paintings, typically pays great attention to the depiction of the hands. Its diagonally structured composition is unusual for the subject.
# Dotless I

I, or ı, called dotless i, is a letter used in the Latin-script alphabets of Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar, Gagauz, Kazakh, Tatar and Turkish. It commonly represents the close back unrounded vowel /ɯ/, except in Kazakh where it represents the near-close front unrounded vowel /ɪ/. All of the languages it is used in also use its dotted counterpart İ while not using the basic Latin letter I.
In scholarly writing on Turkic languages, ï is sometimes used for /ɯ/.

## In computing

Character information :
| Preview | I | I | ı | ı |
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I | LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I | LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 73 | U+0049 | 305 | U+0131 |
| UTF-8 | 73 | 49 | 196 177 | C4 B1 |
| Numeric character reference | &#73; | &#x49; | &#305; | &#x131; |
| Named character reference | | | &imath;, &inodot; | &imath;, &inodot; |
| ISO 8859-9 | 73 | 49 | 253 | FD |
| ISO 8859-3 | 73 | 49 | 185 | B9 |

## Usage in other languages

The dotless ı may also be used as a stylistic variant of the dotted i, without there being any meaningful difference between them.
This is common in older Irish orthography, for example, but is simply the omission of the tittle rather than a separate letter. The í is a separate letter as is ì in Scottish Gaelic. Though historically Irish only used an "i" without a dot, so as to not confuse with "í", this dotless "ı" should not be used for Irish. Instead a font with "i" in the normal location should be used that has no dot. See other old-style Irish letters and the symbol for & still used in modern Irish text and Irish orthography.
In some of the Athabaskan languages of the Northwest Territories in Canada, specifically Slavey, Dogrib and Chipewyan, all instances of i are undotted to avoid confusion with tone-marked vowels í or ì.
Lowercase dotless ı is used as the lowercase form of the letter Í in the official Karakalpak alphabet approved in 2016.
Both the dotted and dotless I can be used in transcriptions of Rusyn to allow distinguishing between the letters Ы and И, which would otherwise be both transcribed as "y", despite representing different phonemes. Under such transcription the dotted İ would represent the Cyrillic І, and the dotless I would represent either Ы or И, with the other being represented by "Y".
# Cytosorbents Corporation

CytoSorbents Corporation is a publicly traded company located in Princeton, New Jersey.
CytoSorbents sells a cytokine adsorbing column ("CytoSorb" which received CE mark approval in 2011) — a blood purification technology based on porous polymer beads that act like sponges in an attempt to remove harmful inflammatory mediators like Cytokines, Bilirubin, Myoglobin from the blood.
The use of hemoperfusion columns is generally limited to patients who are critically ill in high-resource counties, and they require a patient to be connected to a hemofiltration system such as Dialysis, Hemofiltration Cardiopulmonary bypass or ECMO. Other blood purification devices are using different technologies with different performance parameters. This is including polymyxin B hemoperfusion columns (Toraymyxin), which failed to show significance in a clinical trial for sepsis. The CytoSorb technology has actually the largest body of clinical data confirming safety and efficacy. Clinicaltrials.gov is giving an overview over running research projects.
CytoSorbents was awarded a $3.8 million contract by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for its “Dialysis-Like Therapeutics” program to treat sepsis by removing cytokines and pathogen-derived toxins. The US Army awarded the Company a $1.15 million small-business innovation research contract to evaluate the technology in burn and trauma.
# Nativity (El Greco)

Nativity is a 1603-1605 painting of the Nativity of Jesus by El Greco. It was one of five paintings painted for the high altarpiece of the Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad in Illescas, Toledo. It and three others still hang there (Charity, Coronation of the Virgin and Annunciation), whilst the fifth is in the National Museum of Art of Romania (Marriage of the Virgin).
It is a simplification of his Adoration of the Shepherds from the Doña María de Aragón Altarpiece, omitting the shepherds and converting the scene into a circular format.
# Vodja

Vodja (German: Wodja) is a village in Järva Parish, Järva County in north-central Estonia.
# Roc de Chère National Nature Reserve

The Roc de Chère National Nature Reserve is a major ecologic site in southeastern France. A protected nature reserve since 1977, it covers a small area of 69 hectares (170 acres). It is located near the commune of Talloires, on the eastern bank of Lake Annecy at an elevation of 448 metres (1,470 ft). The Roc de Chère is a small mountain, culminating at a modest 651 metres (2,136 ft), which was formed by a quaternary glacier from the south.

## Etymology

The word Chère comes from the pre-Indo-European root *car-, which was used to designate a stony material, a rock. This significance is not entirely understood, hence Chère became a proper noun and "Roc" (modern French for rock) was added and is not considered a pleonastic reinforcement.

## Geography, morphology and history

The reserve is located between the communes of Talloires and Menthon-Saint-Bernard. There are numerous trails along the rock that offer superb panoramas overlooking Lake Annecy. The rock plunges down towards Annecy via impressive cliffs 50 to 70 metres (160 to 230 ft) tall. From atop one can see the lapiaz, calcareous rocks eroded by water that are also found in Savoie.
Formerly logged for timber by the monks from the Abbey of Talloires, the reserve nowadays is mostly covered by Sessile oak and hornbeams. A nature reserve was created in 1978 due to the exceptional biodiversity of the site. 35% of the surface area in 2004 belonged to the Conservatoire du littoral et des rivages lacustres, an academy which deals with littoral zones and lake shores. There is a golf course on its northern slopes.
As a result of differing calcareous and siliceous soils (sandstone), there are separate microclimates from one valley to another, supporting more than 560 plant species. Among them they include:
* Plants that are relics of the glacier era (lichens, Carex limosa, etc.)
* Plants that are typical of the subalpine elevation (Rhododendron, Lycopode sélagine, etc.)
* Plants belong to submediterranean communities (such as Acer monspessulanum, Rubia tinctorum)
Glaciers have left a peat bog where one can find Drosera, mud sedge (Carex limosa), and the northern emerald (Somatochlora arctica), an insect in the order of Odonata. In a canyon hidden under the forest, one can find plants that are able to grow up to elevations of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) (Rhododendron ferrugineum, Lycopode sélagine). On the other hand, on the lakeside cliffs in the hot and dry microclimate southern species (such as Acer monspessulanum) have acclimatized and established.
A large wildlife population has also found refuge in the reserve. Among the birds one can find the Eurasian crag martin and peregrine falcon that nest in the cliffs, as well as the black kite and yellow-legged gulls.
On Sunday 21 June 2009 at 2:30 in the morning, three young men were killed and two seriously injured after their motor boat ran into a Roc de Chère cliff at full speed after returning from a nightclub in Annecy.

## Touristic interest

The tomb of the French philosopher and historian Hippolyte Taine is in the reserve.
# Mkhombo Nature Reserve

Mkhombo Nature Reserve is a protected area in Mpumalanga, South Africa. It is a large, 11,223 ha reserve which conserves an easterly Kalahari thornveld environment around the shores of Mkhombo Dam. The reserve has typical highland grassland with a network of wetlands and rocky outcrops.
The nature reserve is known for its bird life. Among the species native to the reserve are the reed cormorant, African yellow-billed hornbill, African grey hornbill, white-breasted cormorant, little swift, hamerkop, red-winged starling, pectoral sandpiper, grey plover, barred wren-warbler, and yellow wagtail.
It is a frequent safari destination for visitors from around the world. Species found in the reserve include elephants, lions, leopards, cheetahs, buffaloes, rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, and several antelope species.
# Vuti, Estonia

Vuti is a village in Järva Parish, Järva County in northern-central Estonia.