OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Colonia Department

Colonia (Spanish pronunciation: ) is a department of southwestern Uruguay. Its capital is Colonia del Sacramento, the country's second-oldest city.

## Geography
### Climate

Colonia has an annual average temperature of 20.4 °C (68.7 °F). In winter it has an average temperature of 9 °C (48.2 °F) and in summer it has an average temperature of 27 °C (80.6 °F)

## Economy

The southwestern region of Uruguay, in which Colonia is located, is typically associated with dairy production. Its proximity to Buenos Aires makes it the main entry point for tourists traveling from Argentina to Uruguay. Tourism is also favored by part of the capital being a World Heritage Site. The PepsiCo plant located in the department's capital, is one of the three largest worldwide, employing more than 2,000 people and serving the entire Latin American import market. The plant operates under special economic zone legislation, and as of November 2019, has successfully approved an enlargement investment for $65 million.

## Demographics

Ethnic groups in Colonia (2011 est.) :
| Ethnic groups | Ethnic groups | Percent | Percent |
| White | White | 95.8% | 95.8% |
| Black | Black | 2.9% | 2.9% |
| Indigenous | Indigenous | 2.5% | 2.5% |
| Asian | Asian | 0.2% | 0.2% |
| None/Other/Unspecified | None/Other/Unspecified | 2.1% | 2.1% |
As of the census of 2011, Colonia Department has a population of 123,204 (60,203 male and 63,001 female) and 57,003 households.
| Main Urban Centres | Other towns and villages |
| Population stated as per 2011 census. ||
| City / TownPopulation Colonia del Sacramento29,231 Carmelo18,041 Juan Lacaze12,816 Nueva Helvecia10,630 Rosario10,085 Nueva Palmira9,857 Tarariras6,632 Florencio Sánchez3,716 Ombúes de Lavalle3,390 Colonia Valdense3,235 | Town / VillagePopulation Miguelete999 La Paz603 El Semillero600 Conchillas401 |
    Rural population
According to the 2011 census, Colonia department has an additional rural population of 11,471.
# Podenco Valenciano

The Podenco Valenciano, also known as the Xarnego Valenciano or Gos Coniller, is a warren hound originating in Valencian Community, Spain. It was officially recognized by the Real Sociedad Canina de España in 2017.

## History

The Podenco Valenciano originated as a dog kept by lower classes, and used for hunting small game, primarily rabbits, during the night. It has historically been found in the regions of Catalonia, Aragon, La Mancha, Murcia, and Andalusia.
In 2009, fanciers of the dog established the Club de Amigos del Xarnego Valenciano to advocate for the breed's official recognition. In 2013, the dog was officially recognized as a landrace native to Valencia, and in 2017 by the Real Sociedad Canina de España.

## Description

The dog is well-adapted to warmer climates. It is a medium dog, muscular, and its coat, which may be silky, smooth, or rough, comes in black, white, or a variety of shades of brown. It does not have an undercoat. Show standards dictate that the dog may not have floppy ears.
# Kharkuwal

Kharkuwal is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) away from postal head office Garcha, 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Nawanshahr, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 99 kilometres (62 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village. One of the social workers, Mr. Ramji Dass Kharkuwal, was the Sarpanch of the village and also held the position of Numberdar. He contributed significantly to social welfare and development in the area. For instance, he initiated the construction of a large wastewater management pond and advocated for improved road connectivity, linking the village directly to the main road that connects to Ludhiana, thereby easing accessibility.

## Demography

As of 2011, Kharkuwal has a total number of 135 houses and population of 663 of which 344 include are males while 319 are females according to the report published by Census India in 2011. The literacy rate of Kharkuwal is 75.49% lower than the state average of 75.84%. The population of children under the age of 6 years is 55 which is 8.30% of total population of Kharkuwal, and child sex ratio is approximately 897 as compared to Punjab state average of 846.
Most of the people are from Schedule Caste which constitutes 99.85% of total population in Kharkuwal. The town does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
As per the report published by Census India in 2011, 214 people were engaged in work activities out of the total population of Kharkuwal which includes 174 males and 40 females. According to census survey report 2011, 52.34% workers describe their work as main work and 47.66% workers are involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months.

## Education

The village has a Punjabi medium, co-ed primary school established in 1951. The school provide mid-day meal as per Indian Midday Meal Scheme. As per Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act the school provide free education to children between the ages of 6 and 14.
Amardeep Singh Shergill Memorial college Mukandpur and Sikh National College Banga are the nearest colleges. Industrial Training Institute for women (ITI Nawanshahr) is 20 kilometres (12 mi) The village is 58 kilometres (36 mi) from Indian Institute of Technology and 53 kilometres (33 mi) away from Lovely Professional University.

## Transport

Nawanshahr railway station is the nearest train station however, Phagwara Junction railway station is 30 kilometres (19 mi) away from the village. Sahnewal Airport is the nearest domestic airport which located 57 kilometres (35 mi) away in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh also Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is 161 kilometres (100 mi) away in Amritsar.
# Bari metropolitan railway service

The Bari metropolitan railway service is a commuter rail service in the Italian city Bari. It consists of two lines, joining the central railway station, located in the city centre, with the dormitory suburb San Paolo (line FM1) and with the ″Karol Wojtyła″ Airport and the city of Bitonto (line FM2).
The system is operated by Ferrotramviaria. The national railway company Trenitalia also operates an urban railway service between Molfetta and Mola di Bari.

## History

The construction of a commuter railway to the dormitory suburb San Paolo was approved by Bari city council in 1999.
The railway line was opened on 24 June 2008, and after the test services was opened to the public service on 22 December.
On 20 July 2013 the new line FM2 to Bitonto, that also connects the ″Karol Wojtyła″ Airport, has been opened.

## Lines being built

| Line | Route | Length | Manager |
| FM3 | Central station ↔ Bitritto | 13 km | RFI |
# Battle of Sappony Church

The Battle of Sappony Church, also known as the Battle of Stony Creek Depot, was an engagement of the American Civil War, between the Confederate States of America and the Union, which took place on June 28, 1864, during the Wilson-Kautz Raid of the Richmond–Petersburg Campaign.

## Background

Petersburg, Virginia, was the supply center for the Confederate capital of Richmond, and was under siege by Union forces under the command of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. Petersburg was supplied by rail along three remaining lines, the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad; the South Side Railroad, which reached to Lynchburg in the west; and the Weldon Railroad, also called the Petersburg and Weldon Railroad, which led to Weldon, North Carolina, and the Confederacy's only remaining major port, Wilmington, North Carolina. On June 22, Grant dispatched a 3,300 strong cavalry unit under the command of Brig. Gens. James H. Wilson and August V. Kautz to cut the rail lines. This led to a series of raids that destroyed 60 miles (97 km) of rail track and culminated in the Battle of Staunton River Bridge on June 25, where the raiders were defeated and began a retreat back to Union positions.
Since the outset of the raid, the Union force had been pursued by Confederate Maj. Gen. W.H.F. "Rooney" Lee. Lee's forces had finally been able to catch up to the Union cavalry at Staunton Bridge, and had attacked them in the rear and then continued to pursue them as they retired to Union lines.

## Battle

On June 28, the Union cavalry crossed the Nottoway River and reached the Stony Creek Depot on the Weldon Railroad. Here, they were attacked by Confederate Maj. Gen. Wade Hampton and his cavalry division. During the resulting battle, Lee arrived on the field with his own forces and attacked the Union raiders. By nightfall, Kautz and Wilson ordered their forces to fall back in an attempt to reach Reams Railway Station to the north. During the retreat, a large number of slaves who had been accompanying the Union forces were left behind.
# Beelbangera

Beelbangera is a town in the north west of the Riverina and situated about 2 kilometres north-east of Griffith and about 7 kilometres south-west of Yenda. At the 2021 census Beelbangera had a population of 358.
The place name Beelbangera is derived from the local Aboriginal word meaning "native companion".
Beelbangera Post Office opened on 1 September 1919.
# KOAY (FM)

KOAY (88.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Middleton, Idaho. The station is owned by the Idaho Conference of Seventh-Day Adventists, Inc. It airs a rhythmic leaning Christian CHR format.
The station was assigned the call sign KTYY by the Federal Communications Commission on September 24, 2007. The station changed its call sign to KOAY on April 9, 2010.
# Wushu at the 1994 Asian Games

Wushu was contested by both men and women at the 1994 Asian Games in Aki Ward Sports Center, Hiroshima, Japan from October 12 to October 14, 1994. It was competed in the disciplines of Taolu with six events, tai chi, Nanquan and Changquan for both genders. Changquan event consisted of Changquan, one long weapon discipline and one short weapon discipline.

## Schedule

| ● | Round | ● | Last round |
| Event↓/Date → | 12th Sat | 13th Thu | 14th Fri |
| Men's changquan | ● | ● | ● |
| Men's nanquan | | ● | |
| Men's taijiquan | ● | | |
| Women's changquan | ● | ● | ● |
| Women's nanquan | | ● | |
| Women's taijiquan | | | ● |

## Medalists
### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Changquan details | Yuan Wenqing China | Park Chan-dae South Korea | Hiroshi Yoshida Japan |
| Nanquan details | He Qiang China | Leung Yat Ho Hong Kong | Phoon Chee Kong Malaysia |
| Nanquan details | He Qiang China | Leung Yat Ho Hong Kong | Richard Ng Philippines |
| Nanquan details | He Qiang China | Leung Yat Ho Hong Kong | Lee Chun-hui Chinese Taipei |
| Taijiquan details | Masaru Masuda Japan | Chan Ming-shu Chinese Taipei | Han Gyeong-su South Korea |
| Taijiquan details | Masaru Masuda Japan | Chan Ming-shu Chinese Taipei | Daniel Go Philippines |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Changquan details | Zhuang Hui China | Momi Matsumura Japan | Chiew Hui Yan Singapore |
| Nanquan details | Wang Huiling China | Lei Fei Macau | Ng Siu Ching Hong Kong |
| Taijiquan details | Gao Jiamin China | Naoko Masuda Japan | Tan Mui Buay Singapore |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | China (CHN) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| 2 | Japan (JPN) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Macau (MAC) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Philippines (PHI) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 7 | Singapore (SIN) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 9 | Malaysia (MAS) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (9 entries) | Totals (9 entries) | 6 | 6 | 9 | 21 |

## Participating nations

A total of 79 athletes from 15 nations competed in wushu at the 1994 Asian Games:
* China (8)
* Chinese Taipei (5)
* Hong Kong (7)
* Indonesia (2)
* Japan (8)
* Kazakhstan (4)
* Macau (7)
* Malaysia (5)
* Mongolia (8)
* Nepal (6)
* Philippines (3)
* Singapore (5)
* South Korea (5)
* Uzbekistan (1)
* Vietnam (5)
# Bernard Rooke

Bernard Rooke (born 1938) is a British artist and studio potter. Rooke has exhibited his "Brutalist" ceramics and painting both in the UK and abroad with work in many collections both public and private including the Victoria and Albert Museum, Cleveland Museum of Art, Nuffield Foundation, Paisley Museum and Art Galleries, Leicester Museum, Buckinghamshire County Museum, Röhsska Museum in Sweden and the Trondheim Kunstmuseum in Norway. His work has become sought after at auction houses in the UK and USA.

## Early years

Bernard Rooke attended Ipswich School of Art studying painting and lithography before going on to study at Goldsmiths College of Art. It was while studying here that he decided to take up pottery. Although unfamiliar with this craft and tradition, he found that working with clay provided new opportunities for freedom of interpretation and creativity.

## Forest Hill studio

In 1960, Rooke set up his first pottery in Forest Hill in South London along with Alan Wallwork. It was a very small room with enough space for a small electric kiln. He was initially using mainly hand building, coiling, blocking and slabbing techniques. While researching ideas, he was supporting himself by part-time lecturing at London University, Goldsmiths College and St Mary's College. In addition, Rooke's membership of 'The Craftsman Potters' Association' enabled him to show his work in a shop in Carnaby Street in London.

## The Old Mill, Swilland in Suffolk

In 1967, both the need for a larger working space and becoming disillusioned with living in London spurred Rooke into moving out of the city and to an old mill building in Swilland in Suffolk.
By the 1970s, a gallery space was opened in the windmill and run by Susan Rooke, Bernard's wife, selling work to locals and tourists as well as to American airmen based nearby. The vision for Mill Gallery was beginning to develop and alongside this a reputation was building bringing in a good source of income.

## Later years

Sons Aaron and Felix were becoming more involved with the running of the pottery, giving Bernard more time to develop new ideas and designs and more time to continue with his painting. In 2004, the Rooke family decided not to sell to the public through the gallery anymore and close the pottery to concentrate more on painting and printmaking.
In 2017 Bernard's lighting was featured in the Exhibition: “Glass, Light, Paint & Clay” at the Peterborough Museum and Art Gallery. The exhibition featured four artists: Bernard Rooke, John Maltby, Duncan Clarke and Sam Herman selected from the Graham Cooley collection. The catalogue (ISBN 978-1-78808-185-6) features an interview with Bernard in which he describes his life and work.
# Bert Gallia

Melvin Allys "Bert" Gallia (October 14, 1891 – March 19, 1976) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1912 to 1920. He played for the Washington Senators, St. Louis Browns, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Gallia grew up in Woodsboro, Texas. As an 18-year-old student at St. Louis College (later St. Mary's University) in San Antonio in 1909, Gallia became famed for striking out Ty Cobb in an exhibition game held at the St. Louis College campus.
# Bertha of Sulzbach

Bertha of Sulzbach (1110s – 1159), also known as Irene, was a Byzantine empress by marriage to Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos.

## Life

She was born in Sulzbach, a daughter of Berengar II, Count of Sulzbach (c. 1080 – 3 December 1125) and his second spouse Adelheid of Wolfratshausen. He was one of the rulers who signed the Concordat of Worms.

### Empress

Emissaries of the Byzantine emperor John II Komnenos arrived in Germany, seeking an alliance against Roger II of Sicily. To seal the alliance, the emissaries requested that Conrad send a princess of his family to be married to the emperor's son, Manuel. Instead, Conrad selected his sister-in-law, Bertha, and after legally adopting her as his daughter, sent her to the Byzantine Empire escorted by Emicho von Leiningen, the Bishop of Würzburg.
By the time Bertha arrived at the Imperial court in Constantinople, the emperor John was dead, and his son Manuel was now the reigning emperor. Manuel delayed marrying her for three years, until shortly after Epiphany 1146, at which point she became empress and was renamed "Irene/Eireni" (Εἰρήνη), a common name for foreign-born princesses. As an introduction for her to the Hellenic culture she was marrying into, John Tzetzes wrote his Allegories on the Iliad.
Bertha-Irene was noted for shunning the frivolity of the luxurious Byzantine court; Basil of Ochrid, the archbishop of Thessalonica, praised her for her modesty and piety, and Nicetas Choniates (53sq.) noted that she did not wear face-paint. The patriarch of Constantinople, Cosmas II Atticus, who had been accused of heresy, allegedly cursed Bertha-Ireneʻs womb in 1147 to prevent her bearing a son.
Bertha-Irene died in Constantinople in 1159. Her husband Manuel was described as "roaring like a lion" in grief at her death, despite his infidelities during her lifetime. He remarried, in 1161, to Maria of Antioch.

## Issue

She and Manuel had two daughters:
* Maria Comnena (1152–1182), who married Renier of Montferrat
* Anna Comnena (1154–1158)
# Bibiyergou

Bibiyergou is a village and rural commune in Niger.
# Bien Hoa Sugar

Bien Hoa Sugar Joint Stock Company (VN:BHS) is a sugar company located in Biên Hòa of Đồng Nai Province in Vietnam. The company was founded as the "400 Tons Sugar Factory" in 1969 and received its current name in 1994. The company was equitized in 2001 as a joint stock company. Bien Hoa operates a cane sugar mill and produces raw sugar, refined sugar, liqueurs and wine, ramen noodles and microorganism fertilizer.
# AB Motorfabriken i Göteborg

AB Motorfabriken i Göteborg (AMG) was founded in 1897 in Gothenburg, Sweden as a producer of stationary engines. In 1899 the company also began producing boat engines and started looking into automobile manufacturing. They went to France and looked for suitable models, settling on the Brasier. They imported Brasiers until their own models could be produced.
In 1903 their first automobile was made. Except for engine, ignition system, carburetor, and tires, the car was made entirely of Swedish products. The engine used was the German Fafnir, but converted to be water-cooled. Transmission was via propshaft, rather than chain or belt as was the norm. The first car was driven from Gothenburg to Stockholm for a car exhibition. However, finances were grim and only ten cars were built. Production ended in 1906.
# Chigusa Kitani

Chigusa Kitani (木谷 千種, Kitani Chigusa, February 17, 1895 - January 24, 1947) was a Japanese Nihonga (日本画) painter and painting teacher in Taishō and Shōwa Japan.

## Life

Born Chigusa Kitani at Kita-ku, Osaka Dōjima (ja:堂島), the center of the Osaka (the second largest metropolitan area in Japan), in 1895 under the name Ei Yoshioka (吉岡 英, Yoshioka Ei). While studying at Shimizudani Girls' High School, She studied Bird-and-flower painting under Chokujō Fukada (ja:深田直城, Fukada Chokujō) who is a famous painter of the Shijō school (四条派, Shijō-ha). She moved to Tokyo in 1913 (Taishō 2) to study under Shōen Ikeda (ja:池田蕉園, Ikeda Shōen).
After returning to Osaka, She became a pupil of Tsunetomi Kitano (ja:北野恒富, Kitano Tsunetomi) and Kyuho Noda (ja:野田九浦, Noda Kyuho). Kitano is famous painter who draws (Bijin-ga (美人画, "beautiful person picture", is a generic term for pictures of beautiful women in Japanese art) . In 1919, She started studying under Keigetsu Kikuchi (ja:菊池契月, Kikuchi Keigetsu) in Kyoto.
She trained in Seattle, Washington, in the United States for two years from the age of 13, and her work was exhibited throughout Japan. In 1920, she married Hōgin Kitani (ja:木谷蓬吟, Kitani Hōgin), a researcher on Chikamatsu Monzaemon (dramatist of jōruri). In the same year, she established a painting school Yachigusa-kai (八千草会) and Chigusa-kai (千種会) at her home in Osaka. She aimed to nurture, instruct and improve the status of female painters.
She died in 1947 (Shōwa 22) in the Minamikawachi of Osaka at the age of 51.

## Works

In 1915, Chigusa Kitani, at the age of 20, was selected for the first Osaka Fine Arts Exhibition (大阪美術展覧会, Osaka Bijutu Tenrankai) as Shin-kyo (新居, "New house") and for the 9th Ministry of Education Art Fine Arts Exhibition (文部省美術展覧会 (文展, Bunten), Monbu-Sho Bijutu Tenrankai) as Hari-Kuyō (針供養, "Memorial ceremony Festival of Broken Needles").This Hari-Kuyō is a work depicting a Geisha girl in Kyoto.
She showed her works at the exhibitions such as Imperial Fine Arts Academy Exhibition (帝国美術院展覧会 (帝展, Teiten), Teikoku Bijutu-in Tenrankai), Kikuchijuku-ten (菊池塾展, "Exhibition for private school by Keigetsu Kikuchi") and Yachigusakai-ten (Yachigusakai's Exhibition).

### Gallery

* Mayu no Nagori (眉の名残, Care for and Remnants the eyebrows, 1925)
* Ongoku (をんごく, Distant country, 1918)
* Shinju Yoi Goshin no Ochiyo (心中宵庚申、お千代, Ochiyo at "double love suicide", 1922) Woodcut from "Complete works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon" by Hōgin Kitani
* Jōruri Bune (浄瑠璃船, Small boat for playing Jōruri music, 1926)
* Kuchi-e (口絵, frontispieces of books) - Lithography
* Kuchi-e (Lithography)
# Blood Hunt (novel)

Blood Hunt is a 1995 crime novel by Ian Rankin, under the pseudonym "Jack Harvey". It is the third novel he wrote under this name.

## Plot summary

Gordon Reeve, a former SAS soldier, receives a phone call in his home in Scotland, informing him that his brother Jim has been found dead in a car in San Diego - the car being locked from the inside, and the gun still in Jim's hand. While in the USA to identify the body, Gordon realises that his brother was murdered, and that the police are more than reluctant to follow any lead. Retracing Jim's final hours, he connects Jim's death with his work as a journalist, investigating a multinational chemical corporation. Gordon soon discovers that he is being watched, so he decides to ask Jim's friends back in Europe for further information.
In London, he finds more hints, but no evidence for his brother's sources. After returning to his wife and son, he finds that his home has been bugged by professionals. Sending his wife and son to a relative, he determines to take on his enemy on his own. There are two parties after him: The multinational corporation, represented by "Jay", a renegade SAS member, and an international investigation corporation, somehow connected with the case.
Travelling to France, in order to find out more from a journalist colleague of Jim's, they are attacked by a group of professional killers under orders from Jay, resulting in multiple deaths, and leading to Gordon becoming a police target. Gordon decides to return to the USA, where he infiltrates the investigation corporation, and learns more about the history of the case. Then he travels to San Diego, to collect more evidence, and eventually returns to England, deliberately leaving a trail for Jay. Their long enmity leads Jay to follow Gordon to Scotland, where Gordon kills him and his team in a final showdown. Gordon manages to locate Jim's hidden journalistic material, hopefully clearing Jim's and his own name.

## Connections to other Rankin books

* Gordon Reeve was the villain in Rankin's first Inspector Rebus novel, Knots and Crosses. Rankin stated on his website that he used an alternate version of Reeve as the protagonist in his last "Jack Harvey" novel to give the Harvey period a "sense of 'closure'".
# Korkuna

Korkuna is a village in Valga Parish, Valga County in southeastern Estonia.