# Farooqa

Farooka (Urdu : فروکہ) is a ssmall town in Sargodha District (Urdu: سرگودھا), located in the Punjab province of Pakistan, situated between the Jhelum and Chenab rivers. Known for its agricultural economy, the town has a unique geographical and historical significance within the region.

## History

Farooka's development is tied closely to the agricultural expansion of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Located about 47 kilometers west of Sargodha, Farooka was initially a sparsely populated, isolated village situated in a desert area. Due to its location between the Jhelum and Chenab rivers, sub-soil water was relatively accessible, allowing wells to provide sufficient drinking water despite the area's arid conditions.
At that time, the land was inexpensive due to unreliable rainfall and limited agricultural potential. However, a transformation began in 1873 when a British engineer proposed a comprehensive canal system for the region. Over the next fifty years, a network of canals was developed, turning the area into arable land that supported a variety of crops. This irrigation project laid the foundation for Farooka's agricultural economy, which remains central to its identity today.

## Geography and location

Farooka is located approximately 47 kilometers west of Sargodha city and lies between the Jhelum and Chenab rivers. Its placement near these rivers allows for favorable agricultural conditions, particularly after the establishment of the canal system that improved irrigation and made farming viable in this previously dry area.
Location and distance of Farooka with respect to major cities of Punjab is as follow.
* 47 km (29 mi) west of Sargodha
* 16 km (9.9 mi) west of Sillanwali
* 97 km (60 mi) east of Jhang
* 120 km (75 mi) from Faisalabad
* 267 km (166 mi) from Islamabad
* 233 km (145 mi) from Lahore

## Climate

The city experiences a semi-arid climate characterized by hot summers and mild winters. Rainfall is moderate, mostly occurring during the monsoon season from July to September. Average temperatures in summer can reach up to 45°C, while winter temperatures can drop to around 5°C.

## Economy

Farooka spans an area of 63,107 acres, a vast expanse that is primarily agricultural but increasingly seeing urban development. The fertile lands of Farooka have long been its backbone, with agriculture playing a pivotal role in the lives of its residents. Farooka's economy is based primarily on agriculture. With the canal system in place, local farmers grow crops such as wheat, rice, and sugarcane. The region's favorable climate and fertile soil also support citrus orchards, aligning Farooka with Sargodha District's citrus industry. In addition to crop farming, livestock, poultry, and fish farming contribute significantly to the local economy, diversifying income sources and providing nutritional support. These sectors complement traditional agricultural activities, creating a more robust and sustainable economic foundation for the area.
Additionally, SW Sugar Mills has a prominent role in Farooka's economy, where sugar is produced using locally sourced sugarcane. This mill not only provides employment opportunities for the local population but also contributes significantly to the agricultural sector by supporting cane farmers and enhancing the value chain within the community. The operations of SW Sugar Mills further stimulate the economy by generating revenue and promoting the growth of ancillary industries related to sugar production, thereby solidifying Farooka's position as a vital hub in the regional agricultural landscape.

## Market and infrastructure

Farooka has several local markets that supply everyday essentials and provide a platform for farmers to sell their produce directly to consumers. Among these, the Main Road serves as a central hub where locals gather for shopping and trade. Additionally, Madina Bazar offers a variety of goods, catering to the needs of the community. Recent improvements in road infrastructure have better connected Farooka to nearby towns and cities, boosting trade opportunities and making goods and services more accessible to residents. This connectivity has been instrumental in supporting the region's growing economic activities and facilitating smoother movement for both people and products.
Key markets in Farooka include:
* Main Road
* Main Bazar
* Madina Market
* Sajoka Road Market
* Wajhoka Road Market
* Sillanwali Road Market
* Sabzi Mandi
These markets play a vital role in the local economy, promoting trade and enhancing the availability of essential items for the community.

## Education

Farooka is home to a variety of educational institutions that cater to the needs of its residents, emphasizing the town's commitment to providing quality education at all levels.
Colleges:
* Govt Boys Degree College, Farooka
* Govt Girls Degree College, Farooka
These colleges play a crucial role in advancing education in the region, offering various programs that prepare students for higher learning and professional careers.
Public schools:
* Government Boys High School Farooka (also known as Khalsa High School, Pherooka)
* Government Girls High School Farooka
* Government Girls Primary School #1, Farooka
* Government Girls Primary School #2, Farooka
* Government Girls Primary School #3, Farooka
* Government Boys Elementary School, Farooka
* Government Boys Primary School #2, Farooka
* Government Boys Primary School #3, Farooka
Private schools:
* Islamic Ideal High School, Farooka
* Hira Model High School, Farooka
* Dar-e-Arqam Schools, Farooka
* EFA School Systems, Farooka
These private institutions offer alternative educational pathways and often emphasize modern teaching methods and a diverse curriculum, contributing to the educational landscape of Farooka.
For higher education, many students travel to nearby Sargodha, which offers advanced institutions and vocational training opportunities. This access to higher learning is essential for empowering students with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in a competitive job market and contribute to the development of their community. The educational framework in Farooka underscores the importance of learning and personal growth, ensuring that students are well-equipped for future challenges.

## Healthcare

Basic healthcare facilities in Farooka address the primary medical needs of the residents, ensuring access to essential services. However, for specialized medical care, many individuals often travel to Sargodha, where a wider range of healthcare services is available.
Key healthcare facilities in Farooka include:
* Bilal Clinic (Dr. Inayat): A local clinic providing general medical services and primary healthcare.
* Rural Health Complex, Farooka: A government facility aimed at serving the healthcare needs of the rural population, offering various medical services and community health programs.
* Khan Abdul Rehman Khan Memorial Hospital, Farooka: A prominent hospital in the area, providing a range of medical treatments and emergency services.
* Tayyab Hospital, Farooka: This hospital offers inpatient and outpatient services, catering to various healthcare needs.
* Miss Mussarat (maternity home): Specializing in maternal and newborn care, this facility supports women during pregnancy and childbirth.
* Noor Hospital, Farooka: Another healthcare provider offering general medical services to the local population.
While these facilities are vital for basic healthcare, the availability of specialized services in Sargodha highlights the need for improved healthcare infrastructure in Farooka. Efforts to enhance local healthcare resources can help ensure that residents have better access to comprehensive medical care, thereby improving overall community health and well-being.

## Culture and Traditions

The residents of Farooka follow traditional Punjabi cultural practices, which are deeply rooted in the region's history. Key cultural aspects include:
* Religious Festivals: Celebrations of Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Adha, and religious gatherings.
* Traditional Sports: Cricket, kabaddi, and volleyball are popular among the youth.
* Local Cuisine: Traditional Punjabi food, including saag, makki di roti, Kaleji & Keemay Pakoray, and lassi, is widely enjoyed.
Hospitality is a defining characteristic of the local people, who take pride in welcoming visitors.

## Transportation

Farooka is well-connected by road, with regular bus and private vehicle services providing access to Sargodha and nearby areas. The town's transportation infrastructure has seen significant improvements, making commuting and the movement of goods easier, which supports the local agricultural economy.
Residents of Farooka can directly travel to several major cities, including:
* Lahore
* Islamabad
* Rawalpindi
* Sialkot
* Faisalabad
* Multan
* Gujrat
* Gujranwala
* Quetta
* Mianwali
* Shahpur
* Sargodha
* Sillanwali
* Mandi Bahauddin
* Khushab
This extensive connectivity enhances trade opportunities and facilitates access to markets, healthcare, and education in larger urban centers. The transportation network plays a crucial role in integrating Farooka with the broader region, enabling residents to travel for work, education, and other essential services.

## Notable people

* Bhai Heera Singh Ji Ragi: founder of oldest Khalsa High School Farooka, now Government Boys High School, Farooka
* Dr. Inayat Ullah Baloch: serving humanity in field of human health since decades. He is general physician and a poet also.
* Prof. Dr. Malik Muhammad Waris Farooka: he is trained as a laparoscopic/general surgeon from Pakistan, UK and USA, and is currently a Professor of Surgery at SIMS. His specialties are in laparoscopic advanced surgeries, including weight loss surgeries.
* Dr Mehboob-ur-Rahman: (Group Leader, Plant & Molecular Breeding Labs, NIBGE, Faisalabad Pakistan) has been involved in exploring genomes of cotton and wheat—paved the way for the development of nine cotton and one wheat varieties
* Prof. Dr. Aman Ullah Malik: a horticulturist by education with over 28 years of experience in teaching, research and extension, with overall aim to help improve horticulture supply chains performance and profitability making them globally competitive. Currently working as Professor Institute of Horticultural Sciences. Completed several international (Pak-Australia, EU-UNIDO, Dutch-PESP, USAID) nationally (HEC, PARB, Industry) funded projects aimed at improving performance of local industry. Established a modern Postharvest Lab and actively engaged in industry focused R&D and capacity building activities, from farm to market. Apart from R&D and academics, special expertise includes value chain development for improving fresh produce. Previously did PhD from Curtin University of Technology, Australia.

## Challenges and Future Prospects

While Farooka continues to develop, it faces several challenges:
* Urban Planning: The lack of advanced urban planning poses hurdles to its growth.
* Healthcare: Limited healthcare facilities require improvement to meet the needs of the growing population.
* Educational Opportunities: The need for more higher education institutions is essential for fostering talent in the region.
However, with ongoing development projects and the resilience of its community, Farooka is poised for growth and modernization in the coming years.