OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joachim Kuettner

Joachim Kuettner (September 21, 1909 – February 24, 2011), also spelled Küttner, was a German-American atmospheric scientist.

## Germany

Born and raised in Breslau, Germany, Joachim Kuettner put his early interest in the atmosphere aside to complete a doctorate in law and economics at age 21. He worked in small-town courts and gazed at cumulus clouds while on the road. As Germany's legal and political structure deteriorated in the 1930s, Kuettner switched gears to earn a second doctorate, this time in meteorology. For his dissertation, he deployed 25 instrumented gliders to gather data on lee waves, the newly discovered features forming downwind of mountains. He also set a world altitude record for gliders, soaring without oxygen—and with numb feet and blue fingers—to 6,800 meters (22,300 feet).
Kuettner became a test pilot and engineer at Dornier, Messerschmitt, and Zeppelin, and flew 45 types of aircraft during this time. Among other things, he led the flight testing of the world's largest airplane, the Gigant, during World War II, narrowly escaping death as the plane broke apart in flight and his parachute opened just 200 meters (660 feet) above ground. After the war, "I wanted to go to a mountaintop and be alone," Kuettner recalled. He spent three years studying many atmospheric phenomena, including thunderstorm electricity, at the observatory atop the Zugspitze, the highest point in Germany.

## Move to U.S.

In the early 1950s, Kuettner came to the United States and joined the Sierra Wave Project as scientific field director, investigating lee waves in California. Then, as the U.S. space program got under way, Kuettner became director of the Mercury Redstone project— at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center which culminated in 1961 by putting the first American, Alan Shepard, into space. Kuettner also headed systems integration during the early stages of the Apollo project.

## GATE

Kuettner coordinated and planned many international atmospheric field studies, including the landmark Global Atmospheric Research Program's Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE)—with more than 70 nations participating—in 1974; the Monsoon Experiment (MONEX) in 1979; and the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment (CEPEX) in 1993.

## NCAR

In the 1980s Kuettner was based at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. He joined the staff of NCAR's managing organization, the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research in 1994 when the National Science Foundation awarded him the UCAR Distinguished Chair for Atmospheric Science and International Research. Shortly before his death in 2011, the Federal Republic of Germany presented Kuettner with the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit, one of Germany's highest civilian honors.
Kuettner attributed his sustained love of atmospheric research to two traits: "curiosity and joy of adventure. If you can preserve these two wonderful afflictions through your life, you will never be able to stop exploring the atmosphere."
# Gravina

Gravina may refer to:

## People with the surname

* Carla Gravina (born 1941), Italian actress and politician
* Cesare Gravina (1858–1954), Italian silent film actor
* Dominic Gravina (ca. 1573–1643), Italian Dominican theologian
* Dorothea Gravina (1905–1990), English mountain climber
* Federico Carlos Gravina y Nápoli (1756–1806), Italian-Spanish admiral
* Gabriele Gravina (born 1953), Italian sports director
* Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina (1664–1718), Italian jurist and man of letters
* John of Gravina (1294–1336), also John, Duke of Durazzo, Prince of Achaea
* Pasquale Gravina (born 1970), Italian volleyball player
* Vanessa Gravina (born 1974), Italian actress

## Places
### Italy

* Gravina di Catania, a municipality of the Province of Catania, Sicily
* Gravina in Puglia, a town and municipality of the Province of Bari, Apulia
** Gravina DOC, Italian wine region located around the town of Gravina
* Gravina (river), a river in southern Italy
* Roggiano Gravina, a municipality of the Province of Cosenza, Calabria

### United States

* Gravina Island, Alexander Archipelago, Alaska
* Gravina Islands, Alexander Archipelago, Alaska

## Ships

* Gravina (clipper), a clipper ship built in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1853
* Spanish ship Gravina, several Spanish Navy ships

## Other uses

* Duke of Gravina and the (arch)ducal family of Orsini-Gravina
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Gravina-Montepeloso, a former ecclesiastical territory of the Roman Catholic Church in southern Italy
# Luciano Di Napoli

Luciano Di Napoli (born August 12, 1954 in Sfax, Tunisia) is an Italian pianist and conductor. He has worked with artists like Johnny Hallyday, Michel Sardou, Herbert Léonard and Nana Mouskouri.

## Biography

Luciano Di Napoli was born in 1954 in Sfax, in Tunisia. In 1960, he emigrates in France with his family. From 1961 to 1972, he studies solfège, trumpet, piano and the liturgical organ at the conservatory. In 1968, he forms a band with his two musician brothers. Three years later, Luciano joins the ball orchestra of Andre Bermond. From 1980 to 1984, he is pianist for Johnny Hallyday and from 1984 to 1988, for Michel Sardou. Since 1988, he accompanies Herbert Léonard and since 1989 Nana Mouskouri.
When Luciano is at home, he spends most of his time in his own studio. He works the musical arrangements for Nana Mouskouri, Herbert Léonard and also for other productions. As Nana’s band leader, Luciano is responsible about the musician selection and together, they see about the title selection for the tour. Luciano also takes part in the album recordings. He is in charge of the arrangements and the mixing and conducts the sessions.
# George Draser Jr. Houses

The George Draser Jr. Houses are a pair of neighboring houses located at 48 and 52 W. Main St. in Mascoutah, Illinois. The houses are both Queen Anne structures designed and built by local architect George Draser Jr. The house at 48 W. Main St. is a one-story cottage known locally as the Doll House due to its size. The house's design features gables with patterned shingles and decorative spindlework at the porch frieze and the peak of the gables. The house at 52 W. Main St. is a full-size house which Draser built for himself and his family. The house features a tower topped by a finial at its northeast corner, a large gable on its rear facade, and a hipped roof with cross gables and a small dormer. The entrance to the house is located within a porch supported by Ionic columns; a pediment tops the porch above the doorway.
The houses were added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 11, 2000.
# George E. Purple House

The George E. Purple House is a historic home located at 338 Sunset Ave. in LaGrange, Illinois, United States. The Italian Renaissance Revival style house was designed by William G. Carnegie and built in 1928. The house includes several characteristic features of Italian Renaissance Revival architecture, including a green tile hipped roof, large first-floor windows, overhanging eaves, decorative brackets, and extensive decorations; these decorations include bas-relief urns above the first floor windows and brick quoins on the corners. George E. Purple, founder of the Flexible Steel Lacing Company, commissioned the house; while Purple died in 1930, his family inhabited the house until 1944.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 12, 2005.
# Võikvere

Võikvere is a village in Jõgeva Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
# 1342

Year 1342 (MCCCXLII) was a common year starting on Tuesday and current year of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### January–December

* January 21–June 27 – An-Nasir Ahmad, Sultan of Egypt, rules prior to being deposed by his half-brother As-Salih Ismail.
* May 7 – Pope Clement VI succeeds Pope Benedict XII, as the 198th Pope.
* July 16 – Louis I becomes king of Hungary.
* July 18 – Battle of Zava: Mu'izz al-Din Husayn defeats the Sarbadars.
* July 22 – St. Mary Magdalene's flood is the worst such event on record for central Europe.
* August 15 – Louis "the Child", age 4, succeeds his father, Peter II, as king of Sicily and duke of Athens; he is crowned on September 15 in Palermo Cathedral.
* September 4 – John III of Trebizond (John III Comnenus) becomes emperor of Trebizond.

### Date unknown

* Guy de Lusignan becomes Constantine II, King of Armenia (Gosdantin, Կոստանդին Բ).
* The Greek Orthodox patriarch of Antioch is transferred to Damascus, under Ignatius II.
* Kitzbühel becomes part of Tyrol.
* Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 – The Zealots seize power in Thessalonica, expelling its aristocrats and declaring themselves in favour of the regency.

## Births

* January 17 – Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1404)
* April 6 – Infanta Maria, Marchioness of Tortosa (d. after 1363)
* November 8 – Julian of Norwich, English mystic (approximate date; d. 1413)
* date unknown
** Levon V Lusignan of Armenia (d. 1393)
** Avignon Pope Clement VII (d. 1394)
** Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (d. 1373)
** John Trevisa, English translator (d. 1402)

## Deaths

* March 31 – Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro, Italian Augustinian friar
* April 25 – Pope Benedict XII
* July 16 – King Charles I of Hungary
* September 4 – Anna Anachoutlou, Empress of Trebizond
* November 29 – Michael of Cesena, Italian Franciscan leader (b. 1270)
* date unknown
** Al-Jaldaki, Persian physician and alchemist
** Peter Paludanus, French bishop and theologian (b. c. 1275)
** William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros
* probable – Marsilius of Padua, Italian scholar (b. 1270)
# Old Loughtonians Hockey Club

Old Loughtonians Hockey Club is a field hockey club based at the Roding Sports Centre, Luxborough Lane in Chigwell.

## Club

The club runs eight men's and six women's teams in addition to junior teams from u7s to u18s. The men's first XI play in the Division 1 South of the Men's England Hockey League. The women's first XI play in theEast Conference of the Women’s England Hockey League https://www.englandhockey.co.uk/teams/old-loughtonians-1-womens.

## History

The club was founded in 1921 after the Loughton Hockey Club had disbanded during World War I. The name Old Loughtonians referred to members of the Old Loughtonians, former pupils of Loughton School which opened in 1890. In 1963 the club opened its doors to all-comers following the demise of Old Buckwellians’ Hockey Club. Ladies teams were also created and in 1980 the club opened its new grounds at Luxborough Lane.
In 1986, the Old Loughtonians Hockey Club was the first English hockey club to own an all-weather pitch. A second sand-based pitch was completed in 1992. In 1997 the main pitch was upgraded to a water-base. This was followed by the building of a mini pitch. Old Loughtonians Hockey Club was selected as the hockey and football (5-a-side and 7-a-side) training venue for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games resulting in the conversion of the two main pitches to international waterbase standard.

## Honours
### Men

Outdoor
* 1986-87 National Inter League Championship Runner-Up
* 1993-94 HA Cup Runner-Up
* 1995-96 HA Cup Runner-Up
* 1999-00 EHA Cup Runner-Up
* 2002-03 National League Division 1
* 2016-17 East Premier A Division
* 2021-22 England Hockey Conference East
Indoor
* 1994-95 National Indoor Championships Champions
* 1995-96 National Indoor Championships Champions
* 1999-2000 National Indoor Championships Champions

### Women

Outdoor
* 2004-05 Premier 2 League Champions
# Super Mario (disambiguation)

* Quotations from Wikiquote
* Textbooks from Wikibooks
Super Mario is a video game series by Nintendo.
Super Mario may also refer to:

## Video games

* Super Mario Bros., the first game of the video game series released in 1985 for the NES platform
* Mario (franchise), the franchise to which the Super Mario series belongs
* Mario, the star character of Nintendo's Mario series

## Non-video game media

* List of non-video game media featuring Mario

## Literature

* Super Mario-kun, a 1991 Mario Manga comic series written by Yukio Sawada
* Super Mario Adventures, a 1992 anthology of Manga comics written by Charlie Nozawa

## People

Since the appearance of Super Mario Bros., a number of individuals named Mario have been nicknamed "Super Mario" by fans or by the media.
* Mario Andretti (born 1940), American racing driver
* Mario Balotelli (born 1990), Italian footballer
* Mario Basler (born 1968), German footballer
* Mario Cipollini (born 1967), Italian cyclist
* Mario Corti (manager) (born 1946), Swiss businessman
* Mario Draghi (born 1947), Italian banker and public servant
* Mario Dumont (born 1970), Canadian politician
* Mario Elie (born 1963), American basketball player
* Mario Götze (born 1992), German footballer
* Mario Gómez (born 1985), German footballer who also plays for Bayern Munich
* Mário Jardel (born 1973), Brazilian football player
* Mario Lemieux (born 1965), former Canadian ice hockey player
* Mario Mandžukić (born 1986), Croatian footballer who also plays for Juventus
* Mario Matt (born 1979), Austrian alpine skier
* Mario Monti (born 1943), Italian economist and politician
* Mario Reiter (born 1970), Austrian alpine skier
* Mario Salcedo (born 1949 or 1950), a long-term passenger on Royal Caribbean International-branded cruise ships
* Mario Vrančić (born 1989), Bosnian-Herzegovinian footballer
* Mario Williams (born 1985), American football player
# Ronnie Cowan (rugby)

Ronald "Ron"/"Ronnie" C. Cowan (born 26 November 1941) is a Scottish former rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for the British Lions, and Scotland, and at club level for Selkirk RFC, as a wing, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Other Nationalities, and at club level for Leeds and Hull FC, as a wing, or centre.

## Background

Cowan was born in Selkirk, Scotland.

## Rugby union career

Cowan was capped five times for Scotland in 1961–62. He also played for Selkirk RFC. He went on the 1962 British Lions tour to South Africa.

## Rugby league career

Cowan transferred to Leeds during the 1962–63 season, and scored 119-tries during his rugby league career.
Cowan played on the wing in Leeds' 2–18 defeat by Wakefield Trinity in the 1964–65 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1964–65 season at Fartown Ground, Huddersfield on Saturday 31 October 1964, and played at centre in the 23–7 victory over Featherstone Rovers in the 1970–71 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1970–71 season at Odsal Stadium, Bradford on Saturday 21 November 1970.
Cowan played at centre in Leeds' 9–5 victory over St. Helens in the 1970 BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final during the 1970–71 season at Headingley, Leeds on Tuesday 15 December 1970.
Cowan played at centre (replaced by substitute Les Dyl) in Leeds' 7–24 defeat by Leigh in the 1970–71 Challenge Cup Final during the 1970–71 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 15 May 1971, in front of a crowd of 85,514.
He transferred to Hull in 1972, before finishing his career at Keighley.

### Representative honours

Cowan represented Other Nationalities (RL) while at Leeds, he was a substitute in the 2–19 defeat by St. Helens at Knowsley Road, St. Helens on Wednesday 27 January 1965, to mark the switching-on of new floodlights.

## Personal life

Cowan is the son of the rugby union and rugby league footballer for Hull F.C.; James "Jim"/"Jimmy" Cowan, and the younger brother of the rugby union, and rugby league footballer; Stan Cowan.
# Jussi Pesonen

Jussi Pesonen (born November 24, 1960, in Helsinki) was the president and chief executive officer of the Finnish pulp, paper and timber company UPM 2004-2023.

## General

Pesonen (born 1960) was the president and chief executive officer of UPM-Kymmene – one of the world's largest leading forest industry companies.
Under Pesonen's leadership, the company took strong and decisive measures to reposition itself for the challenges of the new business environment facing forest product companies. This meant launching major programs for achieving higher levels of efficiency and productivity, expanding UPM's operations outside its traditional European home market, and strengthening its position in self-adhesive labels, pulp, energy related businesses.
In addition, UPM developed new businesses and products based on renewable materials including wood-based renewable diesel and biochemicals as well as wood-based biomedical products leading the company's transformation towards the future beyond fossils.
In recognition of the company strategy, UPM has received several top recognitions for its sustainability performance including Dow Jones Sustainability Index, MSCI's and CDP's Leadership ratings.

## Curriculum vitae

Jussi Pesonen was president and CEO of UPM 2004-2023. Prior to his appointment he also served as COO of UPM Paper Divisions and deputy to the president and CEO from 2001 to 2004. He held several senior management positions in UPM Paper Divisions including vice president of the Newsprint Product Group 1987–2001. Pesonen joined UPM in 1987 as a production engineer and worked in Jämsänkoski, Kajaani, Kaukas and Shotton mills. Pesonen has a Master of Science degree in engineering in process technology from the University of Oulu, Finland.
Mr. Pesonen exercised his right to retire from UPM from the beginning of 2024.

## Positions of responsibility

Pesonen was a Board member of the Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI). Earlier, Mr Pesonen has chaired the Board of the Finnish Forest Industries (FIFF) 2006–2008 and 2014–2017, the Board of Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company in 2012–2015, the Board of the Finland Chamber of Commerce and ICC Finland in 2017–2021 and co-chaired the Forest Solutions Group (FSG) in Word Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in 2014–2015. He has also been a board member of Outokumpu Ltd 2009–2012.
# Cristina Sciolla

Cristina Sciolla (born 29 June 1965) is an Italian short track speed skater. She competed in two events at the 1992 Winter Olympics.
At the 1988 Winter Olympic Games in Calgary, Cristina Sciolla won, together with teammates Maria Rosa Candido, Gabriella Monteduro and Barbara Mussio, the gold medal in the 3000m short track relay.
# 2007 World Archery Championships

The 2007 World Archery Championships was the 44th edition of the event. It was held in Leipzig, Germany on 7–15 July 2007 and was organized by International Archery Federation (FITA).

## Medals table

* Host nation (Germany)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | South Korea | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Italy | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | United States | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | Belgium | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Canada | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Russia | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 7 | Great Britain | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8 | Chinese Taipei | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 9 | Australia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Denmark | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | France | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (12 entries) | Totals (12 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |

## Medals summary
### Recurve

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's individual | Im Dong-hyun South Korea | Baljinima Tsyrempilov Russia | Alan Wills Great Britain |
| Women's individual | Natalia Valeeva Italy | Park Sung-hyun South Korea | Natalya Erdyniyeva Russia |
| Men's team | South Korea Kim Yeon-chul Lee Chang-hwan Im Dong-hyun | United Kingdom Larry Godfrey Simon Terry Alan Wills | Chinese Taipei Kuo Cheng-wei Liu Ming-huang Wang Cheng-pang |
| Women's team | South Korea Choi Eun-young Lee Tuk-young Park Sung-hyun | Chinese Taipei Shen Hsiao-chun Wu Hui-ju Yuan Shu-chi | United Kingdom Charlotte Burgess Naomi Folkard Alison Williamson |

### Compound

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's individual | Dietmar Trillus Canada | Braden Gellenthien United States | Martin Damsbo Denmark |
| Women's individual | Eugenia Salvi Italy | Albina Loginova Russia | Amandine Bouillot France |
| Men's team | United States Braden Gellenthien Reo Wilde Rodger Willett Jr. | Australia Patrick Coghlan Clint Freeman Robert Timms | Sweden Fredrik Lindblad Morgan Lundin Anders Malm |
| Women's team | Belgium Catheline Dessoy Petra Haemhouts Gladys Willems | Italy Anastasia Anastasio Eugenia Salvi Giorgia Solato | United States Erika Anschutz Kendal Nicely Jamie van Natta |
# Maquis de Vabre

The Maquis de Vabre were an organisation of French Resistance fighters in the east of the Tarn department during the Second World War, which was gradually built up by local militants. They were officially recognised in December 1943, affiliated to the Armée secrète under the name Maquis Pol Roux (its original organiser, Guy de Rouville, had the codename Pol Roux.)
Approximately 450 maquis fighters were enrolled, organised, trained and armed in anticipation of the allied landings.
Within the framework of the Mouvements unis de la Résistance, the Maquis de Vabre became the Corps franc de la libération no. 10, before joining the French forces of the interior.
The Maquis de Vabre were structured as three companies, including the compagnie Marc Haguenau which was mainly composed of Jewish fugitive fighters from Tarn. The Jewish scouting organisation Éclaireurs israëlites de France, created by Robert Gamzon, joined the Protestant scouting organisation Éclaireurs unionistes to form this mountain maquis who participated in the liberation of Castres under the banner of the French forces of the interior, taking 4,500 German prisoners. They then joined the French First Army of General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny.

## Territory

The maquis de Vabre ranged across 38 communes, from the west of Montredon-Labessonnié to the eastern tip of Tarn, beyond Murat-sur-Vèbre.
# Ajorluy-ye Gharbi Rural District

Ajorluy-ye Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان آجرلوئ غربي) is in Nokhtalu District of Baruq County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qoroqchi.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of Baruq District in Miandoab County) was 3,355 in 799 households. There were 2,845 inhabitants in 778 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 2,769 in 861 households. The most populous of its 25 villages was Tak Aghaj, with 313 people.
In 2021, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Baruq County and renamed the Central District. The rural district was transferred to the new Nokhtalu District.
# Sweet Home 3D

Sweet Home 3D is a free and open source architectural design software that helps users create a 2D plan of a house, with a 3D preview, and decorate exterior and interior views, including ability to place furniture and home appliances. In Sweet Home 3D, furniture can be imported and arranged to create a virtual environment. It can also be used for designing blueprints of houses.

## Features

* Import home blueprint from scanned image
* Export to PDF, SVG, and OBJ

## Gallery

* Layout
* 3D view
* Render
# Yukon, Pennsylvania

Yukon is a census-designated place located in South Huntingdon Township, Westmoreland County in the state of Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located near Interstate 70, north of the village of Wyano. As of the 2010 census the population was 677 residents.

## Labor history

Yukon was the epicenter of the Slovak Strike of 1910-1911. On May 8, 1911, Westmoreland County Sheriff Deputies fired into a crowd of labor protesters.