OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vince (rhinoceros)

Vince (22 September 2012 – 5 March 2017) was a Southern white rhinoceros who was killed by poachers inside a zoo in Thoiry near Paris, France.

## Birth and life

Vince was born on 22 September 2012 at Royal Burgers' Zoo, Arnhem, Netherlands. He was the second calf produced by 12-year-old Kwanzaa and her 20-year-old mate Gilou. Vince was born six weeks premature. On 6 November 2012 he was introduced to other safari animals at the Zoo.
In March 2015, Vince and another rhinoceros Bruno were transferred to Parc Zoologique de Thoiry in France. He lived in an enclosure with two other rhinoceroses, Bruno and Gracie. The three animals bonded, and Vince and Bruno, who were the same age, often played together.

## Killing

On 5 March 2017, Vince was shot three times and killed by a group of poachers. They removed one of Vince's horns by using a chainsaw, and partially sawed off his second horn. It is likely that this attack was conducted in order to collect the rhino's horns and sell them on the black market. Rhinoceros horns are used in traditional Chinese medicine and Asian cultures, and a single horn can be sold for up to $300,000 on the black market.
On his death, Thierry Duguet, the head of the zoo, said "There has never been a case like this in a zoo in Europe, an assault of such violence, evidently for this stupid trafficking of rhinoceros horns". French Minister Ségolène Royal called the killing a "criminal act".
# St. Nicholas Hotel (Springfield, Illinois)

The St. Nicholas Hotel is a historic hotel building located at 400 E. Jefferson St. in Springfield, Illinois, US.
The original building of the St. Nicholas Hotel was constructed in 1855. An annex was built on the hotel in 1910, and the current main building was constructed in 1924. The Georgian Revival main building was designed by the New York City architectural firm H.L. Stevens and Company. When the current main building opened, it was the second-tallest building in Springfield after the State Capitol.
During sessions of the Illinois General Assembly, the St. Nicholas Hotel became a meeting place for Illinois politicians, who often conducted political business within the building. The hotel has hosted many notable visitors to Springfield, including three U.S. Presidents: Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and John F. Kennedy.
Paul Powell lived in the St. Nicholas Hotel during his term as the Illinois Secretary of State. After his death in 1970, the executor of Powell's will found $750,000 ($5.88 million in present-day terms) in cash stored in shoeboxes, briefcases, and strongboxes in Powell's suite, room 546 of the hotel. As the money greatly exceeded Powell's salary, which was at the most $30,000 per year, a federal investigation examined Powell's behavior while in office. The investigation determined that Powell had acquired the money via illegal cash bribes and led to the imprisonment of several state contractors.
The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 10, 1983. It is the only remaining hotel in Springfield which dates from the 1920s or earlier.
The hotel is no longer in operation, having switched over to apartments. The building is now referred to as the St. Nicholas Apartments.
# Sidney R. Yates Federal Building

The Sidney R. Yates Federal Building, historically known as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and later the Auditor's Building Complex, is a large historic federal building located on the National Mall and built between 1878 and 1880 that has housed multiple federal government offices. It is an L-shaped building of red and black brick construction in the Romanesque style and was designed by the office of James G. Hill, the Supervising Architect of the Treasury. The brick was provided by the Peerless Brick Company of Philadelphia. The builder was John Fraser, Superintendent of Construction for the Treasury, and the bricklayers were Bitting & Davidson.
The building was originally designed and constructed for the United States Department of the Treasury Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP). The Bureau was founded in 1862 to allow the federal government to produce its own official documents; private companies having done so prior to this. The Bureau's machinery and offices were originally located in the Treasury Building, but eventually more space was required. In 1878, land was purchased from philanthropist William Wilson Corcoran and an Act of Congress on June 28 of that year authorized commencement of construction. The building was completed in 1880. Three additions were later constructed in 1891, 1895 and 1900. The Bureau moved to a larger building at 14th & C Streets in 1914.
Following the Bureau's move, the building was used by a number of government agencies, but primarily housed auditors from the Departments of Navy, Treasury, and State, and became known as the "Auditors' Complex". Engravers from the BEP also later used space on the west of the building as it provided excellent natural light for their work. By the 1960s, the building had become underutilized and in need of major renovation. It was slated for demolition in 1966, but was postponed due to lack of funding.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in April 1978 for its architectural and historical significance. The listing included three contributing buildings, named Annex #1-3, on 2 acres (0.81 ha).
Following a repair and modernization campaign in 1985–1987, the USDA Forest Service moved into the building in 1990 and continues to occupy the building. In 1988, the 1891 addition known as the South Annex was demolished so that the adjacent United States Holocaust Memorial Museum could expand into the space. In 1999, it was redesignated the Sidney R. Yates Federal Building, honoring Illinois Congressman Sidney Richard Yates who helped establish the Holocaust Memorial Museum and served on its council.
In 2017, a working clock was added to the tower. It had been a part of the original design, but was not installed due to excessive costs.
# James FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Desmond

James FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Desmond (1459–1487) was the son of Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond and his wife, Ellice de Barry, daughter of William Barry, 8th Baron Barry, and Ellen de la Roche.

## Life

The execution of the 7th Earl of Desmond provoked an immediate and violent reaction. The dead earl’s elder sons ‘raised their standards and drew their swords, resolved to avenge their father’s murder’. James's younger brother, Gerald, laid waste a great deal in Leith and Munster in revenge for his father.
According to a later account, Edward IV admonished the new Earl of Desmond by letters, and promised them his pardon if they would lay down their arms, which they did. "Now James FitzThomas, having made terms with King Edward, and received immunity for any act which he had committed to avenge his father's death, became Earl of Desmond," in 1471.
The king felt the need to make amends to the dead earl’s family, for in an attempt to conciliate Thomas’ son, James, who was then about twenty years of age, and whose title to the earldom the king clearly acknowledged immediately and unequivocally, despite Tiptoft’s act of attainder, Edward IV granted him the palatinate of Kerry, together with the town and castle of Dungarvan. This grant may be thought to imply that in Edward’s view an injustice had been done. He also extended to James and to his successors an extraordinary privilege: that of being free to choose not to appear in person before his deputy or the council in Ireland, but to send a representative instead. This privilege implies that Edward had understood and sympathised with the fact that inevitably the earl’s family now felt very wary of risking putting themselves into the hands of the Anglo-Irish authorities.
James FitzGerald married Margaret, daughter of Thady O'Brien, Prince of Thomond. King Richard III. endeavoured to attach him to his interests, and sent him a collar of gold weighing 20 oz., with the device of a white boar, pendant from a circlet of roses and suns; also a "long gown of cloth of gold, lined with satin or damask; two doublets, one of velvet, and another of crimson satin; three shirts and kerchiefs; three stomachers; three pair of hose — one of scarlet, one of violet, and the third of black; three bonnets; two hats; and two tippets of velvet."
Notwithstanding these blandishments, the Earl augmented his Irish alliances, and retained his Irish habits. He was murdered at Rathkeale, 7 December 1487 (aged 28), by John Murtagh, one of his servants, at the instigation of his younger brother John. James FitzThomas FitzGerald was buried at Youghal. His sister Catherine married the MacCarthy Reagh. A book once her property (now known as the Book of Lismore) was discovered in a wall in Lismore Castle in 1811."
Ancestors of James FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Desmond :
# James FitzGerald, 6th Earl of Desmond

James FitzGerald, 6th Earl of Desmond (d. 1462), called 'the Usurper', was a younger son of Gerald FitzGerald, 3rd Earl of Desmond, and Lady Eleanor, daughter of James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond.

## Life

The younger brother of John FitzGerald, 4th Earl of Desmond, James was uncle to the 4th Earl's only son Thomas FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Desmond, whom he was able to deprive of his earldom and dispossess in 1418 for marrying far below his station. The marriage between a man of Norman ancestry and a woman of Gaelic blood was in violation of the Statutes of Kilkenny. James FitzGerald took a leading role in forcing his nephew into exile in France where he died at Rouen two years later.
Although not acknowledged until 1422, he was in 1420 made Seneschal of Imokilly, Inchiquin, and the town of Youghal, by James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond. Also in 1420, he founded the Franciscan friary at Askeaton Abbey.
In 1423 he was made Constable of Limerick for life. In 1445 he was excused attendance at Parliament. Along with his son-in-law Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Kildare, James was a prominent Irish supporter of the House of York.
He was also godfather to George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence.
Dying in 1462 or 1463, Desmond was buried at the Franciscan friary in Youghal.

## Marriage and issue

James married Mary, daughter of William de Burgh, and they had issue two sons:
* Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond
* Sir Gerald Mor FitzGerald, ancestor of the FitzGerald Lords of Decies of County Waterford
and two daughters:
* Honor, married Thomas Fitzmaurice., Lord of Kerry
* Joan/Jane, married Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Kildare

## Ancestry

Ancestors of James FitzGerald, 6th Earl of Desmond :
# Llanolebias

Llanolebias stellifer is a species of killifish in the family Rivulidae. It is endemic to the Llanos, a part of the Orinoco basin in Venezuela, where it lives in shallow temporary waters (like ponds) in forests. This annual killifish grows to a total length of 7.5 cm (3.0 in). It is the only known member of its genus, but it was formerly included in Rachovia.
# Marathon minnow

The Marathon minnow (Pelasgus marathonicus) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is endemic to Greece.

## Description

It is a small fish with a total length of 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in). The lateral line has around 40 scales which run from the angle of the bladder slit to the base of the tail, only the first 8-12 of these scales are perforated, forming the true lateral line. The dorsal fin has 3 simple and 7-8 branching rays. The tail is forked. The colour of the body is greyish-brown, pale on the ventral side with a narrow, longitudinal black band on the flanks.

## Distribution

The Marathon minnow is endemic to Greece where it can be found in the drainages of the Spercheios and Boeotian Kifissos Rivers and on the Marathon Plain. It had been recorded from the Athenian Kifissos but not since 1971 but it was rediscovered there in 2013.

## Habitat and ecology

The Marathon minnow is found in Springs, swamps, canals; normally among vegetation or under banks or in tree roots.
It lives up to two years. Spawns in May–September and is a fractional spawner like other minnows in the genus Pelasgus. It feeds on a wide variety of aquatic invertebrates, algae and detritus.

## Conservation

The population in the Marathon area has been seriously affected by drainage for agriculture while other threats include Water abstraction, drought, agricultural pollution and introduced species such as the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the mosquito-fish (Gambusia holbrooki), The habitat of this species should continue to be monitored, the spread of Gambusia halted using biological control and populations of Marathon minnow should be reinforced using captively bred fish. A major publicity campaign for schools and environmental agencies to raise public awareness has been suggested. The Marathon minnow is considered as Endangered in Greece but the IUCN class it as Near Threatened.
# Pelasgus stymphalicus

Pelasgus stymphalicus, also known as the dáska or stymphalia minnow, is a threatened species of small freshwater fish. It is a short-lived species, and reaches a maximum length of 12 cm (4.7 in).
P. stymphalicus is endemic to slow-flowing rivers and wetlands in the Peloponnese and disjunctly in Lake Stymphalia, a natural eutrophic lake without surface drainage. The main threats to P. stymphalicus are habitat destruction, water extraction and pollution, although the species is resilient and well-adapted to unstable conditions. It is protected under Appendix II of the EU's Habitats Directive (1992) and under Appendix III of the Bern Convention, (1982).
# Tomas Ó Con Ceanainn

Tomas Ó Con Ceanainn, Lord of Uí Díarmata, died 1478.

## Overview

Sub anno 1478, the Annals of the Four Masters state that
   Thomas O'Concannon, Lord of Hy-Diarmada, was slain by the son of his own brother"
He was succeeded by William, who died later the same year.
| Preceded byunknown | King of Uí Díarmata ?-1478 | Succeeded byWilliam Ó Con Ceanainn |
# WTGM

WTGM (960 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports format. Licensed to Salisbury, Maryland, United States, the station is currently owned by iHeartMedia. WTGM is located on the Delmarva Peninsula, and that is shown on the Fox Sports station logo.

## History

The station was originally WBOC on 1500 kHz, and began broadcasting in 1940. It is the oldest surviving radio station on the Eastern Shore. WBOC relocated to 1230 a year later and slid down to 960 in 1948. The latter move permitted a power increase from 250 to 1,000 watts). It was initially owned by the Peninsula Broadcasting Company and broadcast from Radio Park on north US Route 13. In the mid-1950s WBOC increased its daytime power to 5,000 watts.
WBOC radio and WBOC-TV were acquired by the A.S. Abell Company in 1961, and the licensee changed to WBOC, Inc. In 1980, the WBOC cluster was split up, and MarDel Communications bought the station, which changed its callsign to WSBY. MarDel moved the transmitter again to its current location and increased nighttime power to 5,000 watts. The station received new calls, WLVW, in 1989. (The WLVW callsign was later used by an FM station in Salisbury with an oldies format, that station is now K-Love affiliate WLDW.)
By 1993, WLVW had come under common ownership with WTEM in Washington, DC, and on August 30, 1993, it became WTGM with a sports talk format known as "The Game". Eventually, WTGM picked up a Fox Sports Radio affiliation and changed its name to Sports Talk 960 (using similar imaging to WTEM). During this time, it carried the games of the minor league Delmarva Shorebirds (which still air on the station) and around 50 games of their parent club, the Baltimore Orioles, as well as college sports from the University of Maryland-Eastern Shore and Salisbury University and high school sports. It also had a number of local shows, such as The Endzone with Ed, Frank and Jon, which ran from 2004 to 2008).

### Expanded Band assignment

On March 17, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced that eighty-eight stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz, with WTGM authorized to move from 960 to 1670 kHz.
A construction permit for the expanded band station was assigned the call letters WAWR on January 9, 1998. However this station was never built, and its construction permit was cancelled on December 22, 2000.

### Later history

WTGM was acquired by Cumulus Media in 1997 and swapped to Clear Channel Communications in 2000 as part of a station exchange related to the latter's merger with AMFM.
On February 22, 2011, WTGM rebranded as "The Sports Animal". On October 29, 2012, the station changed formats to comedy, branded as "Comedy 960". On August 4, 2014, following the end of the 24/7 Comedy network, Fox Sports Radio moved back to WTGM, as "Fox Sports Radio 960".
# Murrough O'Brien, 4th Baron Inchiquin

Murrough MacMurrough O'Brien, 4th Baron of Inchiquin (1562 – 24 July 1597) was the son of Murrough McDermot O'Brien, 3rd Baron Inchiquin and Margaret Cusack, daughter of Sir Thomas Cusack of Cussington, Meath, Lord Chancellor of Ireland and his second wife Maud Darcy.
He married Mabel Nugent, daughter of Christopher Nugent, 6th Baron Delvin. He had one son; Dermod O'Brien, 5th Baron Inchiquin.
He was shot in 1597 when fording the River Erne near Sligo during the Nine Years War. When half across the ford, a bullet passed under one arm and out at the other. He fell from his horse and drowned.
He was buried at Donegal Abbey and was succeeded by his son, then only 2 years old.
# Sahdev

Sahdev is an Indian name. Notable people with the name include:
* Gireesh Sahdev, Indian actor
* Nakul Sahdev, actor
* Piyush Sahdev, Indian actor
* Sahdev Prasad Yadav, Indian politician
* Sahdev Singh Pundir, Indian politician
* Vaishali Sahdev, birth name of Indian actress Meher Vij
# Lake Champlain Bridge (2011–present)

The Lake Champlain Bridge is a vehicular bridge traversing Lake Champlain between Crown Point, New York and Chimney Point, Vermont. It replaced an older bridge that was demolished in 2009. The bridge was designed and constructed during an aggressive two-year schedule to minimize the social and economic impact of the original bridge's demolition. It is the only fixed-link crossing of Lake Champlain/Champlain canal between US 4 in Whitehall, 42 miles (68 km) to the south and US 2 at Rouses Point, 85 miles (137 km) to the north.
The main arch span was prefabricated off-site in Port Henry, floated by barge to the already-constructed approach spans, and then lifted into place on August 26, 2011. The completed bridge was originally scheduled to open on October 9, 2011, but this was pushed back around a month due to construction delays from underwater debris and record flooding.
The bridge opened to the public on Monday, November 7, 2011, following a ribbon-cutting ceremony.

## Description

After state inspectors determined in October 2009 that the 80-year-old previous Champlain Bridge had deteriorated beyond repair, the states of New York and Vermont agreed to replace it. The new bridge employs a modified network tied arch design. Flatiron Constructors of Broomfield, Colorado, the U.S. subsidiary of the German firm, Hochtief AG, won the contract for the new bridge, and groundbreaking took place on June 11, 2010. The bridge construction contract was for $69.6 million. It was completed six weeks ahead of schedule, but at a cost of $78.29 million.

## Gallery

* View from the bridge deck during the "Grand Celebration" for the re-opening of the Lake Champlain Bridge on May 19, 2012.
* View of Lake Champlain Bridge from Crown Point.
* Aerial view of Lake Champlain Bridge connecting Addison, Vermont (right) & Crown Point, New York (left).
* View from below the Lake Champlain Bridge on the Vermont side on Chimney Point.
* The completed bridge, as seen from the Crown Point Light
# Christophe Mirgain

Christophe Mirgain (18 August 1902 – 1 March 1999) was a Luxembourgish sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Gregory Baker Wolfe

Gregory Baker Wolfe (January 27, 1922 – December 12, 2015) was an American diplomat during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, and later president of two urban institutions of higher education, Portland State University in Portland, Oregon, and Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida.

## Early life, education, and military service

Born in Los Angeles to Russian immigrant parents, Wolfe received an undergraduate degree from Reed College in Portland, and a doctorate from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy in Massachusetts. Wolfe served in World War II, and was thereafter an intelligence analyst for the U.S. State Department.

## Academic career

In 1968, Wolfe was named president of Portland State University, which position he held until 1974, when he ran for Congress in the Democratic primary in Portland. He finished third out of seven candidates, and then moved to teach at American University.
Wolfe was appointed president of Florida International University in 1979, over the objection of some state legislators who preferred a local candidate for the position. He served until his resignation in 1986, during which time he oversaw significant growth as the university progressed from being an exclusively upper-division school (having no freshman or sophomores) to becoming a four-year college granting post-graduate degrees. He also oversaw the addition of the university's engineering, nursing, and journalism programs. The Florida State Legislature recognized Wolfe's contributions to the growth and emergence of FIU by naming the Gregory Baker Wolfe University Center, located on FIU's Biscayne Bay Campus, in his honor.

## Personal life

Wolfe and his wife Mary Ann had three children. Wolfe died in Coral Gables, Florida.
# Ilpo Koskela

Ilpo Kaarlo Koskela (January 29, 1945 – August 9, 1997) was a Finnish professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga. He was born in Janakkala, and played for Reipas Lahti, Jokerit, and Kiekkoreipas Lahti. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1989. He also competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics and the 1972 Winter Olympics. He died in Sysmä, age 52.
# Coalition of Socialist Forces

The Coalition of Socialist Forces (CSF; Arabic: تحالف القوى الاشتراكية, romanized: Taḥāluf al-Quwá al-Ishtirākīyah) is a coalition of five socialist and left-wing groups in Egypt formed on 10 May 2011. The different forces agreed to enter into a "socialist front" in order "to create a more dominant leftist force" in post-revolutionary Egypt. As of 31 May 2011, the CSF is reported to have a combined membership of over 5,000 members.

## Affiliate groups

* Egyptian Communist Party - Marxist-Leninist
* Socialist Popular Alliance Party - Democratic socialist
* Revolutionary Socialists - Trotskyist
* Socialist Party of Egypt - Democratic socialist
* Workers Democratic Party - Labourist
# Converse Mill

The Converse Mill, also known as Clifton Mill #3, is a historic textile mill at 200 High Street in Spartanburg, South Carolina. The main mill building is a four-story brick building with smaller additions, sited on 11 acres (4.5 ha) overlooking the Pacolet River to the east. The mill was built in 1903 on the site of Clifton Mill #3, then the largest textile mill in the world, which had been destroyed by flood. It was designed by the noted industrial architectural firm Lockwood, Green of Boston, Massachusetts. The mill was closed sometime between 1968 and 1973, after which many of its windows were bricked over and it was converted to a warehouse. It is the only surviving element of the Clifton Mill complex, which originally had three large buildings. It is currently being renovated into apartments, some of which have views of the Pacolet River.
The mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.