OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Antoine Nicolas Collier

Antoine Nicolas Collier, Comte de La Marlière (3 December 1745 – 27 November 1793), was a French Army officer and Republican General during the Wars of the French Revolution.

## Career

Collier became Comte de La Marlière on 22 July 1756 and was admitted into the Royal Military School as Capitaine des levrettes. Promoted Lieutenant Colonel 6 February 1791, he was made Colonel of the 14th Infantry Regiment 5 February 1792, and Maréchal de camp 25 August 1792.
La Marlière joined the Armée du Nord in the War of the First Coalition, and was attached to the garrison of Lille, then was given command in the Northern Division of the Army of Belgium under Miranda on 1 December 1792. He was made Chief Staff Major in the Army of the Ardennes under Valence 22 March 1793, then was promoted brevet Major-General by Dampierre, under whom he commanded a Division at the battle of Raismes 8 May.
In conflict with General Lavalette, he was impeached 22 July and brought before the Revolutionary Tribunal. Sentenced to death on 26 November 1793, he was guillotined the next day.
# Kolilakkam

Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) is a 1981 Malayalam-language action thriller film, written and directed by P. N. Sundaram, and starring Jayan. The film was a box office hit. The movie was a remake of the 1965 Hindi film Waqt.

## Premise

Three brothers, who were separated at birth, face several trials and tribulations when they try to make an effort to reunite.

## Cast

* Jayan
* Madhu
* Sukumaran
* M.G. Soman
* K. P. Ummer
* Balan K. Nair
* K. R. Vijaya
* Sumalatha
* M. N. Nambiar
* Sankaradi
* Sreelatha Namboothiri
* Kunjan
* Meena
* Ceylon Manohar
* K. P. A. C. Sunny
* P. K. Abraham
* T. P. Madhavan

## Production

On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident on the set of Kolilakkam. The climax scene of the film was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Jayan performed his own stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike. Jayan insisted on another take as he was not satisfied. During the take, the pilot lost control and crashed the helicopter while Jayan was hanging below, leading to his death.
# Marko Mrkić

Marko Mrkić (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Мркић; born 20 August 1996) is a Serbian retired footballer. He is a son of Saša Mrkić.
He played for hometown club Radnički Niš and had short spells at Napredak Kruševac and Kolubara.

## International career

Mrkić was called up to the Serbia national football team by coach Slavoljub Muslin in January 2017. On 29 January 2017, Mrkić made his international debut for the Serbia national football team in a friendly match against the United States in a 0–0 away draw in San Diego, coming on as a 64th-minute substitute for Aleksandar Paločević
# Peter McSkimming (manufacturer)

Peter McSkimming (1848 – 3 November 1923) was a Scottish-born manufacturer in New Zealand. He owned McSkimming and son, a pipe, sanitary ware, and glazed bricks manufacturer. After his death, his company became the leading manufacturer of earthenware pipes in the country.
McSkimming was born in Auchenheath, Lanarkshire, Scotland in 1848. In his early years, he lived in Lanarkshire and Ayrshire. He started work aged nine at tileworks. On 22 October 1869, he married Catherine Pelling. They left Scotland on 12 September 1878 on the Canterbury and arrived three months later, on 10 December, at Port Chalmers, New Zealand, the port that services Dunedin. At the time, they had three girls and one boy (also Peter McSkimming). They had two further girls in New Zealand.
The family lived for three years in Lawrence, where McSkimming was a grocer, and a year in Waitahuna, where he was a gold miner. After that, they lived in Stirling, with Peter McSkimmings senior and junior working at John Nelson's Benhar pipe works. They then leased the pipe works on a 20-year term before buying the factory in 1894. Through a transfer in shareholding, they later merged with another pipe manufacturer.
From early in his career McSkimming became interested in the development of sanitary ceramic products — such as washbasins, glazed bricks, and toilet bowls — and began making enamelled ceramics. To this end he sent his son-in-law, Parker McKinlay, to Britain to gain expertise in bathroomware manufacture in 1908.
McSkimming was known for his philanthropic work and as a generous employer, building houses for his staff and donating to local causes. He was also a religious man, refusing to use his kilns on Sundays and campaigning for prohibition.
McSkimming's wife died in 1914 and in the following year, he married Mary Davidson Barty. McSkimming senior died on 3 November 1923 at Benhar. The company was taken over by McSkimming junior and McKinlay, who was married to the family's eldest daughter, Helen. They developed the company to the leading manufacturer of earthenware pipes in New Zealand.
# Salmchâteau

Salmchâteau (French pronunciation:; Luxembourgish: Salem; Walloon: Såm) is a village of Wallonia in the municipality and district of Vielsalm, located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium. It is situated on the river Salm.
The Counts of Salm build a château in Salmchâteau, of which only two towers remain. This gave the village its name.
A museum focused on the grinding wheel and regional geology is located in the village.
# Kamdev Singh

Kamdev Singh (also spelt as Kamdeo Singh) was a gangster, smuggler and mafia strongman from Begusarai district of Bihar, India. He was an anti-communist and for the locals of his hometown, he has been called a "Robin Hood" and "God". Kamdev Singh was hired by various politicians for booth capturing. His son is Rajkumar Singh.
# Manne Liimatainen

Manne Liimatainen (born 31 March 1943) is a Finnish cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 15 kilometre event at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

## Cross-country skiing results
### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1972 | 28 | 35 | — | — | — |
# Cotswold Chase

The Cotswold Chase is a Grade 2 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run on the New Course at Cheltenham over a distance of about 3 miles and 1½ furlongs (3 miles 1 furlong and 156 yards, or 5,172 metres), and during its running there are twenty-one fences to be jumped. The race is scheduled to take place each year in January.
The race was first run in 1980 as the Tote Double Chase, later the Timeform Hall of Fame Chase. The event serves as a trial for the Cheltenham Gold Cup, which takes place at the same venue in March. It is held during Festival Trials Day, which features several other trials for races at the Cheltenham Festival. The event is registered as the Cotswold Chase, but it has usually been known by a sponsored title. The wine merchant Bibendum supported the race from 2010 to 2014, and its 2014 title promoted Argento, an Argentinian wine brand. From 2015 to 2019 the race was sponsored by the BetBright bookmaking firm. and since 2020 it has been sponsored by Paddy Power.

## Winners

* ↑ amateur jockey
* ↑ The 2006 running took place at Wincanton
* ↑ The 2021 running took place at Sandown Park after the original Cheltenham fixture was abandoned due to waterlogging
# Brian J. G. Pereira

Brian J. G. Pereira is a nationally recognized expert on kidney disease and nephrology. He is currently President and CEO of Visterra, Inc. He also serves as an adjunct Professor of Medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine, the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, and the Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI).
Pereira is originally from Mangalore, India. He is the alumni of St. Aloysius College (Bangalore). He earned an MBBS degree from St. Johns Medical College in Bangalore, an MD in Internal Medicine and a DM in Nephrology from the Post Graduate Institute in Chandigarh, and an MBA from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. He has published more than 200 articles in medical journals, delivered more than 500 invited lectures, served on the board of 12 scientific journals and edited the widely used textbook “Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis and Transplantation”, according to Dr Manju Sheth.
From 1993 to 2005, Pereira held various positions at Tufts Medical Center, including serving as Interim Chief Operating Officer in 2001, and President and Chief Executive Officer of a Physician Organization from October 2001 to November 2005. He was the President of the National Kidney Foundation from 2002 to 2004, and has served on the editorial board of twelve scientific journals. Pereira is on the Board of Directors/Trustees of Biodel, Visterra, NephroPlus, Africa Healthcare Network, and American India Foundation.
He has previously been a director of the National Kidney Foundation, Aksys, Kidney Care Partners, Tengion, Wellbound, and Satellite Health Care. In addition, Pereira was a member of the advisory boards of Amgen and Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals along with several other organizations.
He served as President and CEO of AMAG Pharmaceuticals (formerly Advanced Magnetics) from 2006 to 2011. At AMAG, Pereira raised four financing rounds at increasing valuations and built the clinical development and manufacturing infrastructure for the company’s iron therapy product for anemia. In July 2013, Pereira was appointed as President and CEO of Visterra, Inc., a company that is advancing product candidates into human clinical trials for infectious diseases.
# Michael Funk

Michael "Mike" Funk (born August 15, 1986) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Buffalo Sabres. He was drafted by the Sabres in the second round, 43rd overall, of the 2004 NHL Entry Draft.

## Playing career

Funk spent his junior hockey career with the Portland Winter Hawks of the Western Hockey League where he compiled 121 points and 312 penalty minutes in four seasons. Funk signed his first professional contract in June 2006 with the Buffalo Sabres, and made his NHL debut with the team on November 18 of the 2006–07 season. He played in five NHL games with the Sabres in 2006–07, recording two assists.
On July 6, 2009, he was signed by the Vancouver Canucks and was playing with their American Hockey League affiliate, the Manitoba Moose. Funk received a concussion and was forced into retirement after a hit to the head during practice from teammate Patrick Kaleta. This was also his fourth concussion in 14 months, and he was advised by doctors to stop playing hockey.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2002–03 | Portland Winter Hawks | WHL | 68 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 54 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 15 |
| 2003–04 | Portland Winter Hawks | WHL | 71 | 3 | 25 | 28 | 86 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 2004–05 | Portland Winter Hawks | WHL | 71 | 8 | 22 | 30 | 84 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 2005–06 | Portland Winter Hawks | WHL | 70 | 11 | 36 | 47 | 88 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| 2006–07 | Rochester Americans | AHL | 61 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 57 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2006–07 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2007–08 | Rochester Americans | AHL | 58 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 104 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2007–08 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Portland Pirates | AHL | 13 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009–10 | Manitoba Moose | AHL | 19 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| AHL totals | AHL totals | AHL totals | 151 | 4 | 23 | 27 | 182 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 9 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2003 | Canada | U18 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | Canada | WJC18 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 12 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
# Ayshea Martyn

Ayshea Martyn is a retired Welsh footballer who played for Arsenal. Martyn represented Wales 26 times and scored 5 times. Since retiring from professional football Martyn has worked as a Care worker manager. In 2024, Ayshea Martyn won Freedom of Barry award in 2024.
# Gagata

Gagata is a genus of sisorid catfishes native to Asia.

## Species

There are currently eight recognized species in this genus:
* Gagata cenia (Hamilton, 1822)
* Gagata dolichonema (He, 1996)
* Gagata gagata (Hamilton, 1822)
* Gagata itchkeea (Sykes, 1839)
* Gagata melanopterus (Roberts & Ferraris, 1998)
* Gagata pakistanica (Mirza, Parveen & Javed, 1999)
* Gagata sexualis (Tilak, 1970)
* Gagata youssoufi (Ataur Rahman, 1976)

## Distribution

Gagata species are distributed in the Indus drainage in Pakistan and India, east and south (including peninsular India) to the Tenasserim drainages in Burma. G. cenia originates from the Indus, Mahanadi, Ganges, and Brahmaputra drainages in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Burma and possibly Nepal; it is also reported from the Irrawaddy drainage and Salween drainage. G. dolichonema inhabits the upper Salween River basin in China and the Irrawaddy, Salween, and Tenasserim River basins in Burma. G. gagata is from the Ganges drainage in India and Bangladesh and is reported from the Brahmaputra and Irrawaddy drainages. G. itchkeea is known from the Narmada, Krishna, and Cauvery drainages in peninsular India, though its presence in the Cauvery needs to be confirmed. G. melanoptera is distributed in the Irrawaddy, Rangoon, Sittang, and lower Salween drainages in Burma. G. pakistanica is from the Indus drainage in Pakistan. G. sexualis originates from the Ganges and Brahmaputra drainages in India, Bangladesh and Nepal.

## Description

Gagata species have a compressed head, eyes on side of the head, a depressed snout, small conical teeth in lower jaw, branchiostegal membranes broadly fused to isthmus, no serrations on anterior margin of pectoral spine but serrate posteriorly, no well-developed maxillary barbel membrane, outer and inner mental barbels close together with their origins nearly parallel in a transverse line, short nasal and maxillary barbels, and a lack of palatal teeth.
Gagata species have a great range in lengths, from 5.8 centimetres (2.3 in) TL in G. sexualis and 7.6 cm (3.0 in) TL in G. itchkeea, to 15.0 cm (5.9 in) SL in G. cenia and 15.8 cm (6.2 in) SL in G. melanoptera, to 30.5 cm (12.0 in) TL in G. gagata.
# Operation Osceola

Operation Osceola was a security operation around the Quảng Trị Combat Base, Quảng Trị Province, South Vietnam from 20 October 1967 to 16 February 1968.

## Background

The Hải Lăng Forest was the location of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) Base Area 101 which supported the PAVN 5th and 6th Regiments. The 1st Battalion, 1st Marines, 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines and 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines mounted Operation Medina in the forest from 11 to 20 October 1967.$^{:139}$ Operation Osceola commenced immediately from the conclusion of Operation Medina.$^{:73}$

## Operation

Colonel Herbert E. Ing's 1st Marine Regiment was responsible for the Osceola area of operations which bordered the Lancaster area of operations to the west, Kentucky and Napoleon/Saline to the north and Neosho to the east and south and included the Quảng Trị Combat Base, but not Quảng Trị city which was defended by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). The 2/1 Marines and 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines were under the control of the 1st Marine Regiment. Ing concentrated his units on security and pacification operations rather than pursuing the PAVN in the Hải Lăng Forest as in Operation Medina with the 2/1 Marines deployed south of the Thạch Hãn River guarding the approaches to Quảng Trị Combat Base and the 2/4 Marines protecting the base and the area north of the Thạch Hãn River.$^{:73–4}$
On 24 December 1/1 Marines replaced 2/1 Marines in the southern sector and on 31 December the 1/3 Marines replaced the 2/4 Marines in the northern sector.$^{:74}$ From 2–20 January the two Marine battalions had numerous skirmishes with small PAVN units south and west of the base resulting in 17 Marines and 76 PAVN killed.$^{:76–8}$
On 20 January 1968 the 3rd Marine Regiment assuming control of the Osceola area of operations as Operation Osceola II with essentially the same forces.$^{:118}$
On 22 January the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division began deploying into the Osceola southern area of operations as part of Operation Jeb Stuart and Operation Osceola II was reduced to the defense of Quảng Trị Combat Base and its immediate vicinity. 1/1 Marines was moved back to Phu Bai Combat Base leaving 1/3 Marines as the only battalion involved in the operation.$^{:119}$ On 24 and 31 January the base was hit by 122mm rocket and mortar fire causing minimal damage.$^{:118}$
When the PAVN and Viet Cong (VC) launched their Tet Offensive attack on Quảng Trị city the 1/3 Marines were unable to assist the ARVN due to their commitments to the defense of Quảng Trị base and the 1st Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division was the only unit available to assist the ARVN.$^{:135–6}$
On 16 February the 1st Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division assumed responsibility for the Osceola II area of operations from the 3rd Marine Regiment which only retained responsibility for perimeter defense of Quảng Trị base.

## Aftermath

Operation Osceola concluded on 16 February 1968. Marine losses were 19 killed, with the US claiming PAVN losses were 100 killed.
# Arvo Viitanen

Arvo Albert Viitanen (12 April 1924 – 28 April 1999) was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed in the 1950s. He won a silver medal in the 4 × 10 km relay at the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo. He was born in Uurainen, Central Finland and died in Myllykoski.
Viitanen also won five medals in the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a gold in the 4 × 10 km relay (1954), a silver in the 15 km (1954), and bronzes in the 50 km (1954, 1958) and the 4 × 10 km relay (1958).
He also won the 50 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1956.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

* 1 medal – (1 silver)
| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1956 | 31 | 9 | — | — | Silver |

### World Championships

* 5 medals – (1 gold, 1 silver, 3 bronze)
| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1954 | 29 | Silver | — | Bronze | Gold |
| 1958 | 33 | 7 | 4 | Bronze | Bronze |
# Chang Chuan-chiung

Chang Chuan-chiung (Chinese: 張傳烱; 23 October 1928 – 1 February 2024) was a Taiwanese pharmacologist and professor emeritus of pharmacology at National Taiwan University. He is best known for having isolated bungarotoxin, a still-important agent in neurobiological research.

## Education and career

He earned a B.S. from National Taiwan University in 1950, and a Ph.D. at the University of Tokyo in 1965. He later taught at National Taiwan University.
Chang Chuan-chiung was elected a member of Academia Sinica in 1976, within the division of life sciences, for his research into the isolation of bungarotoxin. He was the founding editor of the Journal of Biomedical Science, established by Taiwan's National Science Council in January 1994.
Chang died on 1 February 2024, at the age of 95.
# Limestone Lad Hurdle

The Limestone Lad Hurdle is a Grade 3 National Hunt hurdle race in Ireland which is open to horses aged five years and over. It is run at Naas over a distance of 2 miles (3,219 metres) and during its running there are eight hurdles to be jumped. The race is scheduled to take place each year in January.
The race was first run in 1999, as the Bank of Ireland Hurdle. It was renamed in 2008 to honour Limestone Lad, who was second in the first running of the race and then won the next three runnings. Prior to 2017 it was run over 2 miles and 3 furlongs.
The race was awarded Grade 3 status in 2011.

## Records

Most successful horse (3 wins):
* Limestone Lad – 2000, 2001, 2002
Leading jockey (7 wins):
* Paul Townend - Mikael D'Haguenet (2012), Sandsend (2018), Stormy Ireland (2020), Bachasson (2021), Echoes In Rain (2023), Zarak The Brave (2024), Anzadam (2025)
Leading trainer (8 wins):
* Willie Mullins - Mikael D'Haguenet (2012), Sempre Medici (2016), Sandsend (2018), Stormy Ireland (2020), Bachasson (2021), Echoes In Rain (2023), Zarak The Brave (2024), Anzadam (2025)
# Mohammad Ghouse

Mohammad Ghouse (15 March 1931 – 29 September 2014) was an international cricket umpire from India. He was the former chairman of Tamil Nadu Cricket Association and the ex-President of Tamil Nadu Umpires Guild. He also served as a Match Referee.

## Early life

Ghouse was born in Chennai, India, formerly Madras. His Father's name was Mohammed Ibrahim. He studied in the prestigious Loyola College, Chennai and worked in the Postal Department of India. His profound interest in the game of cricket prompted him to become a test umpire and later on, a match referee.

## Career

Ghouse umpired in two One Day International matches which included India v West Indies at Srinagar on 13 October 1983 and India v England at Pune on 5 December 1984. Of the 8 Test matches he umpired, India won 4, lost 0, and 4 matches resulted in a draw. He also umpired many interstate tournaments. Ghouse made his first-class debut as an umpire in a Ranji Trophy match in 1968-69 and went on to officiate more than 18 seasons. His first Test as an official was in his hometown, between India and New Zealand in 1975–76.
After his umpiring career ended in 1985–86, he became a match referee and was active till 2001–02. Ghouse also served as the chairman of the umpire's subcommittee of the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association.

## List of Test matches umpired by Mohammed Ghouse

| Date | Match Between | Place | Match id |
| 26 November 1976 | India v New Zealand | MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Madras | t787 |
| 28 January 1977 | India v England | M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore | t794 |
| 15 December 1978 | India v West Indies | M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore | t837 |
| 24 January 1979 | India v West Indies | Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi | t842 |
| 2 October 1979 | India v Australia | Modi Stadium, Kanpur | t857 |
| 3 November 1979 | India v Australia | Wankhede Stadium, Bombay | t860 |
| 4 December 1979 | India v Pakistan | Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi | t863 |
| 25 December 1979 | India v Pakistan | Modi Stadium, Kanpur | t866 |

## Death

Ghouse died on the morning of 29 September 2014 following a brief illness. He was 83. He is survived by his wife, son and three daughters. On behalf of Tamil Nadu Cricket Association members, president N. Srinivasan expressed "profound sorrow and grief" at his demise.
# Dürnau, Biberach

Dürnau (German pronunciation:) is a town in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
# 780s BC

This article concerns the period 789 BC – 780 BC.

## Events and trends

* 783 BC—Shalmaneser IV succeeds his father Adad-nirari III as king of Assyria.
* 782 BC—Founding of Erebuni Fortress by the orders of King Argishtis I of Urartu at the site of current-day Yerevan, Armenia
* 782 BC—Death of King Xuan of Zhou, king of the Zhou dynasty of China.
* 781 BC—King You of Zhou becomes king of the Zhou dynasty of China.
* 781 BC—The oldest date-verified Chinese recording of a Solar Eclipse happens on June 4th.
* 780–560 BC—The Establishment of The Greek Colonies.