# Hungaroring

The Hungaroring is a 4.381 km (2.722 mi) motorsport racetrack in Mogyoród, Pest County, Hungary where the Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix is held. In 1986, it became the location of the first Formula One Grand Prix behind the Iron Curtain. Bernie Ecclestone wanted a race in the USSR, but a Hungarian friend recommended Budapest. They wanted a street circuit similar to the Circuit de Monaco to be built in the Népliget – Budapest's largest park – but the government decided to build a new circuit just outside the city near a major highway. Construction works started on 1 October 1985. It was built in eight months, less time than any other Formula One circuit. The first race was held on 24 March 1986, in memory of János Drapál, the first Hungarian who won motorcycle Grand Prix races. According to a survey put together by the national tourism office of Hungary, Mogyoród ranks third among Hungarian destinations visited by tourists, behind the Danube Bend area and Lake Balaton, but ahead of Budapest. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license.

## Description

The Grand Prix is held in the middle of summer, which is usually extremely hot and dry in this region. Its first wet Grand Prix race was in 2006. The circuit is normally dusty due to underuse throughout the rest of the year and its sandy soil. As the circuit is in a valley about 80 percent of it can be seen from any point.
Normally, an underused circuit becomes faster over the weekend as the track surface gathers more rubber residue; however, with the Hungaroring this generally does not happen, because the track can get dusty so quickly. The track frequently becomes faster during a qualifying session, which leads competitors to try for their best lap as late as possible.
The twisty and bumpy nature of the circuit makes overtaking very difficult in dry conditions, the circuit is nicknamed "Monaco without the barriers" for this reason. Nonetheless, the Hungaroring has been the scene of several memorable races such as the duels of Nelson Piquet and Ayrton Senna, Nigel Mansell's win from 12th on the grid after a dramatic pass on Ayrton Senna in 1989, Damon Hill's almost victory with Arrows in 1997, and Michael Schumacher's change in strategy to beat the McLarens of Häkkinen and Coulthard in 1998. More recently, it has seen events such as Jenson Button triumphing over Fernando Alonso in the wet in 2006, Daniel Ricciardo scything through the field from sixth on the grid in 2014, Lewis Hamilton's late overtake on Max Verstappen to take the win in 2019, and Alonso producing a defensive masterclass to deny Hamilton a chance of victory in 2021. Maiden wins at the track include Hill in 1993, Alonso in 2003, Button in 2006, Heikki Kovalainen in 2008, Esteban Ocon in 2021, and Oscar Piastri in 2024.
The first change in the track's layout was carried out in 1989, when the chicane after the actual turn three (a temporary measure put in during construction due to the discovery of a spring where the direct route was due to run) was removed by culverting the stream. In 2003, the main straight (turn one, see diagram) was lengthened by roughly 200 m (660 ft) to 908 m (2,979 ft), and the hairpin at the end of the straight was also tightened in an attempt to facilitate more overtaking opportunities, as well as a tightening of what was turn 12. These changes lengthened the circuit length from 3.975 to 4.381 km (2.470 to 2.722 mi).

## Drivers

Hungaroring has crowned two drivers in its 37-year history: both Nigel Mansell in 1992 and Michael Schumacher in 2001 were able to win the World Championship title. Moreover, the WilliamsF1 Team and Scuderia Ferrari also secured the Constructors' Championship at the Hungaroring, Williams in 1996 and Ferrari in 2001, 2002, and 2004.
Both Hungary's Zsolt Baumgartner and Poland's Robert Kubica made their debut on this track as the first F1 drivers of their countries.
The 2006 Hungarian Grand Prix was the first wet grand prix at the Hungaroring. This saw the retirement of many drivers including championship rivals Fernando Alonso and Michael Schumacher and gave Jenson Button and the reborn Honda F1 team their first win. Fernando Alonso also earned his first Grand Prix victory at this in 2003, declaring it his favourite track as a result.
According to statements and interviews, drivers have different opinions on the track. While many, like Ayrton Senna, Nigel Mansell, Michael Schumacher, Lewis Hamilton, Max Verstappen and Fernando Alonso claimed to love it, many others consider the track too slow, hot and demanding. The technical driving center of the Hungaroring held former racer Gerhard Berger's name from 1998 until 2005 but later it was changed to Allianz.
The track also has named curves: Turn 4 is named after Nigel Mansell, due to him losing a wheel there during the 1987 Hungarian Grand Prix. Turn 11 is named after Jean Alesi following his massive crash there during qualifying for the 1995 Hungarian Grand Prix.
On Saturday, 25 July 2009, in the second round of qualifying for the Hungarian Grand Prix at Hungaroring, Ferrari driver Felipe Massa's head was injured, though protected by his driver's helmet, he was struck by a suspension spring that had fallen from Rubens Barrichello's Brawn GP car while driving at high speed. He was knocked unconscious, and subsequently crashed head-on into a tyre barrier. Massa was thereafter airlifted to the military hospital in Budapest, where he underwent surgery in the area surrounding his left eye. His condition was initially described as "life-threatening but stable", but improved rapidly. Massa was discharged from hospital the following week and returned to Brazil. After further tests it was decided that Massa needed a titanium plate inserted into his skull to strengthen it for racing in Formula One again.

## Fans

While most of the foreign fans are from Germany and Austria, the Hungaroring has traditionally seen a large influx of Finnish fans as well. With the loss of the Austrian Grand Prix in 2003, this became the closest Formula One event for fans from other Central European countries. However, the Austrian Grand Prix returned again in 2014. The 2006–2010 races saw many spectators from Poland due to the participation of Robert Kubica. Michael Schumacher's success in the 1990s brought tens of thousands of German fans to Hungaroring each year. The trend began in 1992 and continued throughout the 2000s until his retirement in 2006. Schumacher won at Hungaroring in 1994, 1998, 2001 and 2004, finishing second in 2000 and 2002.
The contract is prolonged until 2032, although profits from tobacco advertising have been cut from the equation since such advertising was banned in 2007.
The Hungaroring is the home of Hungarian motorsport. Besides Formula One, it has also hosted the DTM and FIA GT Championship races. Since 2011, it also hosts the races of WTCC and WTCR as FIA WTCC Race of Hungary, a public drag race event takes place every month.

## Events
### Current

* July: International GT Open, Formula Regional European Championship, Euroformula Open Championship, Porsche Carrera Cup Benelux, GB3 Championship
* August: Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix, FIA Formula 2 Championship Budapest Formula 2 round, FIA Formula 3 Championship, Porsche Supercup

### Former

* 24H Series
** 12 Hours of Hungary (2008–2011, 2013–2014, 2021)
* Audi Sport TT Cup (2016)
* Austria Formula 3 Cup (1994–1995, 2019–2020, 2022–2023)
* Auto GP (2006–2007, 2011–2015)
* Classic Endurance Racing
** Hungaroring Classic [fr] (2017, 2019)
* Cup of Peace and Friendship (1986–1987)
* Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (2014, 2016–2018)
* Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (1988)
* Eurocup Mégane Trophy (2007–2013)
* European Le Mans Series
** 4 Hours of Hungaroring (2010, 2013)
* European Super Touring Championship (2000–2001)
* European Touring Car Cup (2015, 2017)
* European Truck Racing Championship (1988–1990, 2015–2022)
* Ferrari Challenge Europe (2008, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2022)
* Ferrari Challenge Italy (2005, 2008, 2010)
* FFSA GT Championship (2000)
* FIA ETCR – eTouring Car World Cup (2021–2022)
* FIA Formula 3 European Championship (2014, 2016–2018)
* FIA GT Championship (1998–2001, 2006, 2009)
* Formula 4 CEZ Championship (2023)
* Formula BMW Europe (2012–2013)
* Formula BMW Talent Cup (2012–2013)
* Formula Renault 2.0 Alps (2011)
* Formula Renault Eurocup (1998, 2001, 2007–2015, 2017–2019)
* Formula Renault Northern European Cup (2016, 2018)
* Formula TT (1987)
* French F4 Championship (2010, 2015, 2019, 2021)
* German Formula Three Championship (1988)
* GP2 Series
** Hungaroring GP2 round (2005–2016)
* GP3 Series (2010–2018)
* Grand Prix motorcycle racing
** Hungarian motorcycle Grand Prix (1990, 1992)
* GT Cup Open Europe (2019–2022)
* GT World Challenge Europe (2016–2019)
* GT4 European Series (2016, 2018)
* IDM Superbike Championship [de] (1994, 2015)
* International Formula 3000 (1998–2004)
* International Formula Master (2009)
* International GTSprint Series (2012)
* Interserie (1988–1990, 1997–1998)
* Italian F4 Championship (2019)
* Italian Formula Renault Championship (2008–2009)
* Italian Formula Three Championship (2012)
* Italian GT Championship (2005)
* Lamborghini Super Trofeo Europe (2010)
* Porsche Carrera Cup Germany (1988, 2014, 2024)
* Renault Clio Cup (2021–2023)
* Renault Sport Trophy (2015)
* Sidecar World Championship (1990, 1997, 2005, 2012)
* Superbike World Championship (1988–1990)
* Superstars Series (2012)
* TCR Eastern Europe Trophy (2019–2023)
* TCR Europe Touring Car Series (2018–2019, 2023)
* TCR International Series (2017)
* TCR World Tour (2023)
* World Series Formula V8 3.5 (2007–2016)
* World Touring Car Championship
** FIA WTCC Race of Hungary (2011–2017)
* World Touring Car Cup
** FIA WTCR Race of Hungary (2018–2022)
* W Series (2021–2022)

## Lap records

As of June 2024, the fastest official race lap records at the Hungaroring are listed as:
| Category | Time | Driver | Vehicle | Event |
| Grand Prix Circuit: 4.381 km (2003–present) ||||||
| Formula One | 1:16.627 | Lewis Hamilton | Mercedes-AMG F1 W11 EQ Performance | 2020 Hungarian Grand Prix |
| GP2 | 1:28.968 | Sébastien Buemi | Dallara GP2/05 | 2007 Hungaroring GP2 round |
| FIA F2 | 1:29.257 | Artem Markelov | Dallara GP2/11 | 2017 Hungaroring F2 round |
| Formula Renault 3.5 | 1:29.706 | Tom Dillmann | Dallara T12 | 2016 Hungaroring Formula V8 round |
| GP3 | 1:33.715 | George Russell | Dallara GP3/16 | 2017 Hungaroring GP3 round |
| Auto GP | 1:33.924 | Adrian Quaife-Hobbs | Lola B05/52 | 2012 Hungaroring Auto GP round |
| Formula Three | 1:34.023 | Maximilian Günther | Dallara F315 | 2016 Hungaroring F3 European Championship round |
| FIA F3 | 1:34.195 | Jake Hughes | Dallara F3 2019 | 2020 Hungaroring FIA F3 round |
| Euroformula Open | 1:34.746 | Cameron Das | Dallara 320 | 2021 Hungaroring Euroformula Open round |
| LMP1 | 1:34.934 | Olivier Panis | Peugeot 908 HDi FAP | 2010 1000 km of Hungaroring |
| LMP2 | 1:36.369 | Danny Watts | HPD ARX-01c | 2010 1000 km of Hungaroring |
| DTM | 1:36.725 | Mattias Ekström | Audi RS5 DTM | 2017 Hungaroring DTM round |
| F3000 | 1:36.809 | Patrick Friesacher | Lola B02/50 | 2003 Hungaroring F3000 round |
| FTwo (2009–2012) | 1:37.068 | Alex Fontana | Williams JPH1 | 2012 Hungaroring FTwo round |
| International Formula Master | 1:38.696 | Sergey Afanasyev | Tatuus N.T07 | 2009 Hungaroring Formula Master round |
| GB3 | 1:39.584 | Louis Sharp | Tatuus MSV-022 | 2024 Hungaroring GB3 round |
| Formula Regional | 1:39.828 | Kas Haverkort | Tatuus F3 T-318 | 2022 Hungaroring FREC round |
| Formula Renault 2.0 | 1:41.496 | Gabriel Aubry | Tatuus FR2.0/13 | 2017 Hungaroring Formula Renault Eurocup round |
| LMPC | 1:41.869 | Nicky Catsburg | Oreca FLM09 | 2013 3 Hours of Hungaroring |
| GT3 | 1:42.887 | Christopher Mies | Audi R8 LMS GT3 | 2016 Hungaroring Blancpain GT Series Sprint Cup round |
| Renault Sport Trophy | 1:42.890 | Steijn Schothorst | Renault Sport R.S. 01 | 2015 Hungaroring Renault Sport Trophy round |
| GT1 (GTS) | 1:43.076 | Fabio Babini | Aston Martin DBR9 | 2006 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| Formula 4 | 1:43.297 | Dennis Hauger | Tatuus F4-T014 | 2019 Hungaroring Italian F4 round |
| LM GTE | 1:46.497 | Nick Tandy | Porsche 911 (997) GT3-RSR | 2013 3 Hours of Hungaroring |
| Porsche Carrera Cup | 1:47.662 | Kas Haverkort | Porsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup | 2024 Hungaroring Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round |
| Ferrari Challenge | 1:48.198 | Doriane Pin | Ferrari 488 Challenge Evo | 2022 Hungaroring Ferrari Challenge round |
| Superbike | 1:48.218 | Markus Reiterberger | BMW S1000RR | 2015 Hungaroring IDM Superbike round |
| FIA GT Group 2 | 1:48.847 | Andrej Studenic | Saleen S7-R | 2009 Budapest City Challenge |
| Lamborghini Super Trofeo | 1:49.544 | Edoardo Liberati | Lamborghini Huracán LP 620-2 Super Trofeo Evo | 2019 Hungaroring GT Cup Open Europe round |
| Eurocup Mégane Trophy | 1:49.628 | Albert Costa | Renault Mégane Renault Sport II | 2012 Hungaroring Eurocup Mégane Trophy round |
| TC1 | 1:50.119 | Yvan Muller | Citroën C-Elysée WTCC | 2014 FIA WTCC Race of Hungary |
| Formula BMW | 1:50.432 | Esteban Gutiérrez | Mygale FB02 | 2008 Hungaroring Formula BMW Europe round |
| Formula Renault 1.6 | 1:51.092 | Valentin Moineault [fr] | Signatech FR 1.6 | 2015 Hungaroring French F4 round |
| FIA GT Group 3 | 1:52.561 | Toni Seiler [de] | Aston Martin DBRS9 | 2006 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| Supersport | 1:52.572 | Jan Bühn [de] | Yamaha YZF-R6 | 2015 Hungaroring IDM Supersport round |
| TCR Touring Car | 1:53.163 | Mikel Azcona | Hyundai i30 N TCR | 2022 FIA WTCR Race of Hungary |
| GT4 | 1:53.579 | Simon Knap | BMW M4 GT4 | 2016 Hungaroring GT4 European Series round |
| Super 2000 | 1:55.141 | Franz Engstler | BMW 320 TC | 2014 FIA WTCC Race of Hungary |
| SEAT León Supercopa | 1:55.975 | Dušan Borković | SEAT León Cup Racer | 2015 Hungaroring ETC round |
| ETCR | 1:56.830 | Philipp Eng | Alfa Romeo Giulia ETCR | 2021 Hungaroring Pure ETCR round |
| Renault Clio Cup | 2:03.749 | Filip Sandstrom | Renault Clio R.S. V | 2021 Hungaroring FIA CEZ Endurance Championship Series round |
| Super 1600 | 2:08.979 | Niklas Mackschin | Ford Fiesta 1.6 16V | 2015 Hungaroring ETC round |
| Truck racing | 2:18.214 | Norbert Kiss | MAN TGS | 2021 Hungaroring ETRC round |
| Grand Prix Circuit: 3.975 km (1989–2002) ||||||
| Formula One | 1:16.207 | Michael Schumacher | Ferrari F2002 | 2002 Hungarian Grand Prix |
| F3000 | 1:29.846 | Ricardo Sperafico | Lola B02/50 | 2002 Hungaroring F3000 round |
| Group C | 1:31.990 | Bernd Schneider | Porsche 962 CK6 | 1990 Hungaroring Interserie round |
| GT1 (Prototype) | 1:32.300 | Klaus Ludwig | Mercedes-Benz CLK LM | 1998 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| GT1 (GTS) | 1:39.068 | Julian Bailey | Lister Storm | 2001 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| GT2 | 1:39.634 | Stéphane Ortelli | Porsche 911 GT2 | 1999 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| Formula Renault 2.0 | 1:39.663 | César Campaniço | Tatuus FR2000 | 2001 Hungaroring Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup round |
| Super Touring | 1:43.167 | Roberto Colciago | Audi A4 Quattro | 2001 Hungaroring ESTC round |
| N-GT | 1:43.295 | Fabio Babini | Porsche 911 (996) GT3-RS | 2001 FIA GT Budapest 500km |
| 500cc | 1:44.390 | Mick Doohan | Honda NSR500 | 1990 Hungarian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| 250cc | 1:44.995 | Pierfrancesco Chili | Aprilia RSV 250 | 1992 Hungarian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| Porsche Carrera Cup | 1:45.815 | Marco Werner | Porsche 911 (996) GT3 Cup | 2002 Hungaroring Porsche Supercup round |
| World SBK | 1:47.875 | Fred Merkel | Honda RC30 | 1990 Hungaroring World SBK round |
| 125cc | 1:50.150 | Fausto Gresini | Honda RS125 | 1992 Hungarian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| Formula One | 1:30.149 | Nelson Piquet | Williams FW11B | 1987 Hungarian Grand Prix |
| Group C | 1:42.390 | Kris Nissen | Porsche 962C | 1988 Hungaroring Interserie round |
| Formula Three | 1:43.730 | Otto Rensing [de] | Reynard 883 | 1988 Hungaroring German F3 round |
| World SBK | 1:57.280 | Marco Lucchinelli | Ducati 851 SBK | 1988 Hungaroring World SBK round |
| Group A | 1:57.380 | Frank Schmickler [de] | BMW M3 (E30) Evo | 1988 Hungaroring DTM round |

## Fatal accidents

* 9 August 2015: Berto Camlek [sl] – Alpe Adria Road Racing Championship