# Hjartdal

Hjartdal is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Upper Telemark and Aust-Telemark. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Sauland. Other villages in the municipality include Tuddal and Hjartdalsbygda.
The 792-square-kilometre (306 sq mi) municipality is the 146th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Hjartdal is the 299th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,588. The municipality's population density is 2.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.3% over the previous 10-year period.

## General information

The municipality of Hierdal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). In 1860, the Gransherad area of eastern Hjartdal (population: 1,310) was separated to become part of the new Gransherad Municipality. Also in 1860, the administrative centre of the municipality was moved from Hjartdalsbygda to Sauland. On 23 January 1905, a small, unpopulated area of Hjartdal was transferred to the neighboring Seljord Municipality.

### Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the valley name, Hjartdalen (Old Norse: Hjartdalr) since the first Hjartdal Church was built there. The first element is the old name for the local river Hjartdøla. The old river name is likely derived from the word hjǫrtr which means "red deer". The last element is dalr which means "valley" or "dale". Prior to the 20th century, the name was often spelled Hierdal, a corruption of the original name. In the 20th century, the spelling was standardized to Hjartdal, bringing back more of the original spelling.

### Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 17 February 1989. The official blazon is "Vert, a deer at bay argent" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ein ståande sølv hjort). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a red deer (Cervus elaphus) standing at bay. The deer has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. They are canting arms because the name of the municipality is derived from the word for deer, a common animal in the rural municipality. The color green was chosen to represent the forests in the area. The arms were designed by Svein G. Carlsen. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.

### Churches

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Hjartdal. It is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark.
Churches in Hjartdal :
| Parish (sokn) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
| Hjartdal | Hjartdal Church | Hjartdalsbygda | 1809 |
| Hjartdal | Sauland Church | Sauland | 1863 |
| Hjartdal | Tuddal Church | Tuddal | 1796 |

## History

Up to the 1500s, the Hjartdal parish had been quite large. It stretched from Rauland in the west and Kongsberg to the east. Counting from west to east, the villages of Åmotsdal, Svartdal, Hjartdal, Tuddal, Sauland, Gransherad, Bolkesjø, Jondalen and Lisleherad were all at one point included in the same parish. Sometime after 1687 Lisleherad was transferred to the partish of Heddal. Then in 1860, the Gransherad area was separated. Today, the Hjartdal parish and municipality consists of the three main village areas: Hjartdalsbygda, Sauland, and Tuddal.

## Government

Hjartdal Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Telemark District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.

### Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordførar) of Hjartdal (incomplete list):
* 1837/38-1841: Gunleik Olsen Bolkesjø
* 1841-ab.1844: Gunleik Torbjørnsen Omnes
* ab.1843-1847: Mathias Mathiassen Kleppen
* incomplete
* 1859-1872: Torkel Olsen Mosebø
* incomplete
* 1877-1879: Leif Gregarsen Særsland
* incomplete
* ab.1890-NA: Kjetil Olsen Dahlen
* 1895-ab.1908: Ole Torkildsen Mosebø
* 1898-NA: Nils Flugon
* incomplete
* ab.1920-NA: Torgrim Mathiassen Kleppen
* ab.1921-1923: Ole Gunleiksen Hafsteen
* incomplete
* 1928-1940/41: Knut Halvorsen Hovde
* 1941-1944: Mathis Torbjørnsen
* 1946-ab.1947: Johannes H. Strand
* 1947-ab.1961: Olav Olsen Asland
* 1962/63-1975: Søren Johnsen Bekkhus
* 1975-1979 Olav Johnsen Bøen
* 1979/80-1986: Thomas Harald Timland (Sp)
* 1985/86-1989: Knut Olsen Bekkhus
* 1989-1991: Olav Tho (Sp)
* 1991-1999: Torunn Hovde Kaasa (Sp)
* 1999-2011: Olav Tho (Sp)
* 2011-2015: Sven Tore Løkslid (Ap)
* 2015–present: Bengt Halvard Odden (Ap)

### Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Hjartdal is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2023–2027 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 10 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 5 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2019–2023 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 8 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 7 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2015–2019 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 7 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 2 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2011–2015 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 4 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2007–2011 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 7 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 4 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 2003–2007 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 6 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1999–2003 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 5 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 7 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 17 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1995–1999 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 7 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 1 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 11 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 21 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1991–1995 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 8 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 2 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 8 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 21 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1987–1991 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 12 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 3 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 5 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1983–1987 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 3 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1979–1983 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 10 |
| | Conservative Party (Høgre) | 3 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 7 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1975–1979 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 10 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | Joint list of the Centre Party (Senterpartiet) and the Liberal Party (Venstre) | 10 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1971–1975 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 10 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 15 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1967–1971 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal kommunestyre 1963–1967 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1959–1963 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1955–1959 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 11 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 25 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1951–1955 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 10 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 24 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1947–1951 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 2 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) | 4 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 8 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1945–1947 :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 16 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 18 |
| | Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 2 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 36 |
Hjartdal heradsstyre 1937–1941* :
| Party name (in Nynorsk) | Party name (in Nynorsk) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) | 15 |
| | Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) | 4 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) | 13 |
| | Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 4 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 36 |
| Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945. |||

## Geography

The rural municipality is located in the mountains of Telemark. The mountain Gaustatoppen is located on the northern border of the municipality. The main river of the municipality is the Hjartdøla which empties into the Heddøla river at Sauland.

## Transportation

The European route E134 highway runs through the municipality. The Mælefjell Tunnel is a road tunnel that is part of the E134 highway and it runs through the Mælefjell mountain.

## Notable people

* Hans Paus (1656–1715), a priest and poet
* Drengman Aaker (1839–1894), an American politician and businessman who served in the Iowa House of Representatives
* Kittel Halvorson (1846–1936), a farmer and U.S. Representative from Minnesota
* Knut Buen (born 1948), a fiddler, composer, folklorist, and publisher who lives in Tuddal
* Sven Tore Løkslid, (Norwegian Wiki) (born 1984), the county governor of Telemark and former mayor of Hjartdal