OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network

Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) is an international grass-roots, voluntary network of researchers, educators, and community groups interested in making and utilizing time series of high-frequency observations made on and in lakes and reservoirs all over the world. GLEON includes more than 60 lake observatories and more than 850 individual members from 62 countries on six continents (as of January 2021). GLEON uses innovative human capacity building for discovery, solving problems, catalyzing and creating learning communities, education, FAIR data, and Open Science.

## Goals

The goal is to understand, predict, and communicate the impact of natural and anthropogenic influences on lake and reservoir ecosystems. The researchers include limnologists, ecologists, information technology experts, and engineers who have a common objective of building and growing a scalable, persistent network of lake ecology observatories; developing new theoretical models based on the more extensive spatial and temporal scales of data; integrating new technologies to utilize the data; educating a new generation of researchers in team science; and engaging the public. Each lake or reservoir observatory consists of one or more instrumented platforms capable of sensing key limnological variables and moving the data in near-real time to web-accessible databases. The types of sensors employed at these observatories include: temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, phytoplankton pigments such as chlorophyll and phycocyanin, as well as devices that detect water movements such as acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP.) Many of the observatories also track meteorological parameters on the lake such as solar radiation, wind speed, and relative humidity. Data from the network of observatories will allow a better understanding of key processes such as the effects of climate and land use change on lake or reservoir function, the role of episodic events such as typhoons in resetting aquatic dynamics, and carbon cycling within lakes and reservoirs.

## Participating lakes and organizations

* Lough Feeagh, County Mayo, Ireland
* Lake Erken, Uppsala University, Sweden
* Douglas Lake, University of Michigan Biological Station, Michigan, USA
* Sparkling Lake, Wisconsin USA
* Trout Bog Lake (Vilas County, Wisconsin)
* Crystal Bog Lake, Wisconsin, USA
* Trout Lake, Wisconsin, USA
* Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA
* Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire
* Lake Rotorua, New Zealand
* Yuan-Yang Lake, Taiwan
* Lake Kinneret, Israel
* Chaffey Dam, Nundle, NSW
* Euiam, South Korea
* Soyang, South Korea
* Lake Paajarvi, Lammi Finland
* Lake Annie, Lake Placid, Florida
* Lake Taihu, Jiangsu Province, China
* West Long Lake, University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Michigan, USA
* Big Spirit Lake, Spirit Lake, Iowa, USA
# Klooga, Estonia

Klooga is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Lääne-Harju Parish in Harju County in northern Estonia. At the 2011 Census, the settlement's population was 1,203, of whom 642 (53.4%) were Estonians .
During the German occupation in World War II, Klooga concentration camp, a Nazi labor camp, was situated there as a satellite camp of Vaivara concentration camp. On 19 September 1944, about 2,000 inmates of the Klooga camp were executed and the corpses burned on pyres.
A large area of the settlement is covered by Estonian Defence Forces' military training field Klooga training area.
Klooga has rail stations Klooga and Klooga-Aedlinn on the Elron western route.

## Gallery

* Klooga railway station
* Former Soviet Army buildings
* Grave of Holocaust victims at Klooga cemetery
* Lake Klooga
# Charles E. Shannon Jr.

Charles Edward Shannon Jr. (August 31, 1943 – April 5, 2005) was a Massachusetts state senator. He represented the Second Middlesex district from 1991 until his death in 2005, first as a Republican and later as a Democrat. A resident of Winchester, Massachusetts, Shannon served as a Lexington policeman and a Winchester town official prior to serving in the state legislature.

## Biography

Born and raised in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Shannon attended St. Mary's Elementary School and St. Mary's High School. He graduated with a B.S. from Northeastern University in Boston. He served as a police officer for 20 years in Lexington, Massachusetts until a heart attack led him to be medically retired from the force. He was cited and received awards for heroism twice. He moved to Winchester in 1982. He eventually was elected and served as chairman of the Winchester Board of Assessors from 1989 until 1990. He was elected as a Republican for the Massachusetts Senate, unseating 6 term Democratic incumbent Salvatore Albano, and was sworn in January 1991. In December 1996 he announced a switch to the Democratic Party, reversing an earlier switch; he had been a Democrat prior to serving in the Senate.
In December 2004, shortly after election to an eighth term, Shannon was diagnosed with leukemia. He had previously been treated for cancer in 1990 and 2002. In February 2005 he received a bone marrow transplant. Antirejection drugs he took after the transplant caused an adverse reaction, which led to his death from heart failure. He died April 5, 2005, at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

## Honors

In 2008, Sandy Beach in the Mystic River Reservation was renamed to Charles E. Shannon Jr. Memorial Beach.
# Marc Koska

Marc Andrew Koska OBE (born 14 March 1961) is best known for inventing the non-reusable K1 auto-disable syringe, thus preventing the medical transmission of blood-borne diseases.

## Education

Koska attended Stowe School, a boarding independent school for boys (now co-educational), in the village of Stowe (near Buckingham), in Buckinghamshire.

## Life and career
### K1 Syringe

In 1984 Koska read a newspaper article predicting the transmission of HIV through the reuse of needles and syringes. In order to find a solution, he studied how drug addicts used syringes in the UK, went to Geneva to learn about Public Health Policy, visited several syringe factories, studied plastic injection moulding, and read everything available on the transmission of viruses like HIV.
After a year of intense study, Koska concluded that syringe manufacture was the key to the problem. Koska designed a syringe (K1) that could be made on existing equipment with a small modification. It was made from the same materials and could be used in the same way as a normal syringe so that healthcare professionals would not have to retrain. K1 syringes cannot be used again so the next patient will also have a sterile and safe injection.
Koska recognised that new syringes were only one part of the solution. One must also teach the public about the dangers of reusing needles. In 2005 Koska founded The SafePoint Trust, a registered charity dedicated to educating children about this issue.
On 23 July 2009, Koska gave a lecture on his invention to TED Oxford:

### 2008 India campaign

In November 2008, Koska and a SafePoint Trust team led a major media and public-awareness campaign throughout India in an attempt to do something about the prevalence of unsafe injections and the resultant illness and death that they cause in that country. They travelled throughout India giving their One Injection, One Syringe message to the media at press conferences for over a week. In addition, a specially made PSA entitled Sachin (in both English and Hindi) was repeatedly shown on television channels, radio stations and cinemas across the country. Watch the Sachin PSA in English; Sachin PSA in Hindi. As a result, SafePoint's message achieved widespread coverage throughout India.
Koska then met with Anbumani Ramadoss, India's State Minister for Health, who decided to outlaw the use of ordinary syringes, making auto-disable syringes mandatory – initially in Central Government Hospitals with regional State-controlled facilities to follow and, later, in private hospitals as part of a second phase – throughout the whole of India.
Making the Point is a SafePoint-produced video report on the campaign, culminating in Dr Ramadoss's landmark decision.
Koska's SafePoint team is currently planning to target Africa next.

### ApiJect Systems Corporation

In 2018, Marc Koska and Jay Walker co-founded ApiJect Systems, a medical technology company that creates single-use plastic injectors.

## Personal life

As of 2001, Koska lives in East Sussex, England, with his wife Anna Koska and their three children.
# A Pizza Tweety-Pie

A Pizza Tweety-Pie is a 1958 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes animated cartoon directed by Friz Freleng. The short was released on February 22, 1958, and stars Tweety, Sylvester and Granny.
Mel Blanc provides the voices of Sylvester (speaking in an Italian accent) and Tweety, and June Foray (uncredited) provides Granny's voice. It’s also the first Warner Brothers cartoon to have Tom O’Loughlin doing the background noises.

## Plot

Tweety and Granny arrive at their hotel in Venice, Italy on vacation. From his cage on the balcony, Tweety looks down at the canal and thinks it is a flooded street and that there must be a lot of barber shops down there (because of the many red and white striped barber poles).
As Tweety is singing “Santa Lucia” and strumming his mandolin in his cage, Sylvester spies him from his balcony across the canal. In haste, he runs out of the hotel with an open sandwich roll, and falls into the water. He climbs out and finds a canoe and starts rowing, but forgets to loosen it from the rope. After he cuts the rope, he sinks with the canoe.
Sylvester then starts rowing in a inflatable raft, but Tweety takes a slingshot and punctures it. As the air leaks out, the raft floats back to the dock with Sylvester in it and the raft gets stuck on him. Sylvester removes the deflated raft from his hind quarters in disgust.
Next, Sylvester tries to swing across the canal with a rope Tarzan-style, but lands in the water and straight into the gaping mouth of a hungry shark who resembles Dopey Dick from Rabbitson Crusoe. Sylvester wrestles his way out and swims hurriedly away.
Then, using an electric fan and a balloon tied to his waist, Sylvester attempts to float his way across through the air, but he floats too high. Tweety, again using the slingshot, shoots Sylvester down from the sky. Sylvester dons a bathing cap as he is descending, but misses the water, landing on the sidewalk, next to Tweety and Granny's hotel as it turns out. He runs into the hotel and takes the elevator up to the floor of Granny and Tweety's room, but Granny and Tweety are leaving, so Sylvester goes back down the elevator, which takes him . . . into the water!
As Tweety and Granny are taking a relaxing gondola ride along the canal, Sylvester is awaiting them on a bridge with a fishing rod. Sylvester hooks a passing speedboat, forcibly yanking him into the water. After a close call with a striped pole, Sylvester gets slammed into a low bridge, where there is a warning sign that reads, “Ducka You Head, Lowla Bridgeada”.
Finally, as Sylvester is dining on a plate of spaghetti, he again hears Tweety singing “Santa Lucia” (he is out of his cage this time), and proceeds to hurl a strand of spaghetti like a lasso to catch Tweety. Nearly strangled, Tweety screams to Granny for help. Granny clutches Sylvester's noose of pasta and substitutes a mallet in Tweety's place. As Sylvester sucks the spaghetti into his mouth, he gets clobbered squarely in the head with the mallet, causing birds to appear uttering Tweety's trademark line: “I tawt I taw a puddy tat!” (Ironically in this cartoon, Tweety never uses this line himself.)
# Missinho

Edmílson do Nascimento Trigueiro (24 February 1975 – 26 August 2014), better known as Missinho, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

A successful striker in Paraíba football, Missinho also played for Cruzeiro EC, CR Guará, where he became Federal District champion, and CSA, being top scorer in the runner-up campaign of the 1999 CONMEBOL Cup. He played until the beginning of the 2010s, playing by Miramar EC.

## Honours
### Guará

* Campeonato Brasiliense: 1996

### Botafogo-PB

* Campeonato Paraibano: 2003

### Individual

* 1999 Copa CONMEBOL top scorer: 4 goals

## Death

Missinho died in 2014, at the age of 39, from esophageal cancer.
# 1985 Empress's Cup

Statistics of Empress's Cup in the 1985 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 16 teams, and Shimizudaihachi SC won the championship.

## Results
### 1st Round

* Shimizudaihachi SC 16-0 Yonago Cosmos
* Miyagi Hirose High School 0-2 Chigasaki Fevers
* Kobe FC 3-0 Kumamoto Akita
* Nagoya LFC 0-5 FC Jinnan
* Yomiuri SC Beleza 14-0 Ladies Saijo
* Hyogo University of Teacher Education 3-0 Uwajima Minami High School
* Yonan SC 0-0 (pen 3–5) Shizuoka Koki SC
* Molten Habatake 0-7 Takatsuki FC

### Quarterfinals

* Shimizudaihachi SC 6-0 Chigasaki Fevers
* Kobe FC 1-0 FC Jinnan
* Yomiuri SC Beleza 3-0 Hyogo University of Teacher Education
* Shizuoka Koki SC 0-3 Takatsuki FC

### Semifinals

* Shimizudaihachi SC 2-0 Kobe FC
* Yomiuri SC Beleza 0-1 Takatsuki FC

### Final

* Shimizudaihachi SC 5-1 Takatsuki FC
Shimizudaihachi SC won the championship.
# Marri-Bugti Country

Marri-Bugti Country (Marri and Bugti Country) was a tribal region during the period of British colonial rule in Baluchistan. Marris and Bugtis are the strongest Baloch tribes in the Balochistan. The Marris owns 8,460 square kilometres (3,268 sq mi) in the north, while the Bugtis owns 10,000 square kilometres (3,861 sq mi) in the south. Today, the region is divided into three districts: Kohlu, Dera Bugti and Sibi.

## History

The Marris and Bugtis first met the British when a Major Billamore entered their territory during the First Anglo-Afghan War. In April 1840, Captain Lewis Brown was sent to occupy Kahan but surrendered to Marri Chief Doda Khan five months later. Meanwhile, Bugtis had trouble with Sir Charles Napier and General John Jacob came greater trouble with both tribs. In 1845 after the treaty was signed which shows that both tribes were supported financially by Khan of Kalat.

## Demographics

By 1901, the total population of the Country was around 39,000, of which 19,000 or so were Marri, 18,500 Bugti, and 415 Hindu. Most inhabitants were nomadic.
The Marris were divided into three sub-clans: the Bijarani, Gazaini, Loharani.
The Bugti clans were Pairozani Nothani, Durragh Nothani, Kalpar, Habibani, Mondrani, Shambhani Mareta, Masori and Rahija.
Religious groups in Marri-Bugti Country (British Baluchistan era) :
| Religious group | 1901 | 1901 | 1911 | 1911 | 1921 | 1921 | 1931 | 1931 | 1941 | 1941 |
| Religious group | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Islam | 38,507 | 98.94% | 34,395 | 98.93% | 36,730 | 99.21% | 54,903 | 99.42% | 57,831 | 99.52% |
| Hinduism | 412 | 1.06% | 371 | 1.07% | 294 | 0.79% | 321 | 0.58% | 281 | 0.48% |
| Sikhism | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Christianity | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Zoroastrianism | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Judaism | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Jainism | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Buddhism | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Tribal | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Others | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Total population | 38,919 | 100% | 34,766 | 100% | 37,024 | 100% | 55,224 | 100% | 58,112 | 100% |
| Note: Marri-Bugti Country formed part of Sibi District during the British Baluchistan era. |||||||||||
# Calc–silicate rock

A calc–silicate rock is a rock produced by metasomatic alteration of existing rocks in which calcium silicate minerals, such as diopside and wollastonite, are produced. Calc–silicate skarn or hornfels occur within impure limestone or dolomite strata adjacent to an intruding igneous rock.
# 1958 Emperor's Cup

Statistics of Emperor's Cup in the 1958 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 16 teams, and Kwangaku Club won the championship.

## Results
### 1st Round

* Toyama Shukyu-dan 0–6 Chuo University Club
* Meiyu Club 0–2 Shida Soccer
* Hakodate City Hall 1–6 Keio BRB
* Nambu Shukyu-dan 0–18 Kwangaku Club
* Nagoya Soccer 0–3 Toyo Industries
* Kyoto Shiko 2–3 University of Tokyo LB
* Kwangaku Club 5–1 Ehime Club
* Waseda University 1–3 Yawata Steel

### Quarterfinals

* Chuo University Club 0–1 Shida Soccer
* Keio BRB 0–1 Kwangaku Club
* Toyo Industries 0–1 University of Tokyo LB
* Kwangaku Club 0–2 Yawata Steel

### Semifinals

* Shida Soccer 0–3 Kwangaku Club
* University of Tokyo LB 0–1 Yawata Steel

### Final

* Kwangaku Club 2–1 Yawata Steel
Kwangaku Club won the championship.
# Mike Huras

Mike Huras (born 28 January 2006) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Oberliga Baden-Württemberg club Sonnenhof Großaspach. Born in Germany, he is a Poland youth international.

## Early life

As a youth player, Huras joined the youth academy of German side VfB Stuttgart. He was regarded as one of the club's most important players.

## Club career

Huras started his senior career with Polish side Ruch Chorzów, having joined them on a two-and-a-half-year deal on 18 January 2024. On 10 March 2024, he debuted for the club during a 1–3 loss to Stal Mielec. After making no first team appearances at the start of the 2024–25 season, Huras requested for his contract to be terminated, and he left the club on 1 October 2024.
On 27 January 2025, Huras joined German fifth-tier club Sonnenhof Großaspach.

## International career

A youth international for Poland, he represented his parents' country of birth at the UEFA Under-17 Euro 2023 in Hungary and the 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Indonesia.

## Personal life

Huras was born in 2006 in Stuttgart, Germany. He was born to parents from Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. He grew up supporting Ruch Chorzów, and is a member of their official fanclub in Germany.
# 1953 Emperor's Cup

Statistics of Emperor's Cup in the 1953 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 16 teams. All Kwangaku won the final and the championship.

## Results
### 1st Round

* Toyama Club 0–2 Osaka Club
* All Rikkyo 4–1 Tohoku Gakuin University
* Chuo University 8–0 Kagoshima Soccer
* Toyo Industries 4–0 All Doshisha University
* Muroran Club (retired) – All Kwangaku
* Tokyo University of Education 3–1 All Yamanashi
* Matsuyama MUC 2–6 Rokko Club
* All Keio 9–0 Kariya Club

### Quarterfinals

* Osaka Club 3–1 All Rikkyo
* Chuo University 1–2 Toyo Industries
* All Kwangaku 2–1 Tokyo University of Education
* Rokko Club 1–3 All Keio

### Semifinals

* Osaka Club 3–1 Toyo Industries
* All Kwangaku 2–1 All Keio

### Final

* Osaka Club 4–5 All Kwangaku
All Kwangaku won the championship.
# Philip Wright (actor)

Philip Wright is an English actor, known for playing DC Lillie in Prime Suspect and DI Steve Thompson in the BBC soap opera EastEnders.

## Personal life

Wright lives in South East London with his wife and children; his son is the British cyclist Fred Wright.

## Filmography

* Prime Suspect (1992–1993)
* Dangerous Lady (1995)
* The Bill (1996, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2006)
* The Wings Of The Dove (1997)
* Casualty (2001, 2009)
* Holby City (2005)
* Doctors (2005, 2009, 2011)
* Dalziel and Pascoe episode "Heads You Lose" (2005)
* The Flying Scotsman (2006)
* Our Girl (2013)
* Line Of Duty (2014)
* Silent Witness (2015)
* Doctor Foster (2017)
* Call the Midwife (2019)
* Casualty (2019–present)
* EastEnders (2019–2021)
* Save Me (2020)
# 2018 National Party of Australia leadership election

A leadership election was held on 26 February 2018 to select Barnaby Joyce's replacement as leader of the National Party of Australia and Deputy Prime Minister. Michael McCormack was elected party leader.
On the morning of 26 February, the Nationals held a party room meeting at which Joyce formally resigned to the backbench. McCormack was seen as the favourite to become leader, and was the only declared candidate as at 25 February. At the meeting he secured the support of a majority of the 21 National Party parliamentarians, seeing off a last-minute challenge from Queensland MP George Christensen.

## Background

Barnaby Joyce, who had led the National Party since replacing Warren Truss in February 2016, announced on 23 February 2018 that he would resign as party leader during a party room meeting on 26 February. His resignation followed scandals involving an affair with a former staffer and a sexual harassment allegation. Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who was on a state visit to the United States at the time, appointed Regional Development Minister John McVeigh, from the Liberal branch of the Liberal National Party of Queensland, to take on Joyce's cabinet role as Acting Minister for Transport and Infrastructure.
Prior to the events of February 2018, Joyce was viewed as a charismatic leader, who had been re-elected as the member for New England with a substantial and increased majority in a December 2017 by-election. He maintained the support of a majority of his party members even as scandals unfolded, with some exceptions including the party's Western Australian branch and Andrew Broad.
Under the Coalition agreement between the Liberal and National Parties, the Nationals' leader serves as deputy prime minister in a Coalition government. Therefore, the decision of National Party members would determine who succeeded Joyce as deputy PM. Following the 2016 election, sixteen National Party MPs sat in the Australian House of Representatives (including six from the Queensland Liberal National Party, and Joyce himself as a backbencher since his announcement). Some of the highest-profile National Party parliamentarians, namely deputy leader Bridget McKenzie and Resources Minister Matt Canavan, sit in the Senate; no senator has served as deputy prime minister in the history of the position.

## Candidates
### Declared

* George Christensen, MP for Dawson since 2010, former Chief Whip from 2016 to 2017
* Michael McCormack, MP for Riverina since 2010, Minister since 2016 (currently for Defence Personnel and Veterans' Affairs)

### Withdrawn

* David Gillespie, MP for Lyne since 2013, Assistant Minister since 2016 (currently for Children and Families)

### Declined

* Darren Chester, MP for Gippsland since 2008, former Minister for Infrastructure and Transport from 2016 to 2017
* David Littleproud, MP for Maranoa since 2016, Minister for Agriculture and Water Resources since 2017

## Endorsements
### Michael McCormack
#### Sitting MPs

* Darren Chester, member for Gippsland
* Mark Coulton, member for Parkes
# Vaindloo

Vaindloo (alternatively: Vaindloo saar, Swedish: Stenskär) is a small island located in the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea.

## Description

Vaindloo belongs to Estonia; it is the northernmost land point of the country. It has an area of 6.2 hectares (15 acres) and marks the northernmost point of the nation of Estonia, situated 26 kilometers (16 mi) north of the Estonian mainland. The island is administratively part of the village of Vainupea in Haljala Parish, Lääne-Viru County. The island is depicted on the Estonian two-euro coin. The Euro Coin Collector website notes:
   "On the 2 Euro coin two small islands, Vaindloo and Nootamaa, are depicted. These, the most Northerly point and most Westerly point of Estonia are not depicted on the other coins."

### Infrastructure

Vaindloo is also notable for its functioning lighthouse, called the Vaindloo tuletorn. It was built in 1871 and is managed by the Estonian Maritime Administration. It replaced a previous timber lighthouse erected in 1718. In addition to the lighthouse, there is an Estonian Border Guard station with a 50-meter-high (160 ft) observation tower and a radar installation.

## Environment

Vaindloo is an important breeding sanctuary for such birds as the common tern, Arctic tern, Tengmalm's owl, great tit, purple sandpiper, shore lark, great grey shrike, yellowhammer and others.