OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Central Labour College

The Central Labour College, also known as The Labour College, was a British higher education institution supported by trade unions. It functioned from 1909 to 1929. It was established on the basis of independent working class education.
The college was formed as a result of the Ruskin College strike of 1909. The Plebs' League, which had been formed around a core of Marxist students and former students of Ruskin, held a meeting at Oxford on 2 August 1909. A resolution was passed calling for the establishment of a Central Labour College to provide independent working class education, outside of the control of the University of Oxford. The provisional committee controlling the new college was to consist of representatives of Labour, Co-Operative and Socialist societies, following the model of the Labour Representation League.
The college was supported financially by the National Union of Railwaymen and the South Wales Miners' Federation. The college was headed by James Dennis Hird, who had been dismissed as principal of Ruskin for supporting the striking students. In 1911 the college moved to Earl's Court, London.
In 1915 the college was officially recognised by the Trades Union Congress. In 1921 it became the centre of the National Council of Labour Colleges. In 1926 it was proposed to merge the CLC and Ruskin College into a new Labour College based at Easton Lodge near Great Dunmow, Essex. However, the move was opposed by a number of large unions, and on 7 September the proposal by the General Council of the TUC to proceed was defeated on a card vote.
By 1929 the mining industry was in severe decline due to the Great Depression. In April a conference of the South Wales Miners' Federation voted to discontinue funding of the college unless additional levies could be raised from members. No such funding was forthcoming, and attempts to transfer the ownership of the college to the wider trade union movement were unsuccessful. By July it was clear that the college could not continue to operate, and it closed at the end of the month.

## Notable alumni

* Jack Bailey, Labour and Co-operative Party politician
* Aneurin Bevan, Labour MP and cabinet minister
* Herbert Booth, trade unionist
* Idris Cox, communist activist and trade unionist
* Jim Griffiths, Labour MP and cabinet minister
* Harold Heslop, writer and political activist
* Arthur Jenkins, Labour MP and trade unionist
* Lewis Jones, writer and political activist
* Will Lawther, Labour MP and trade unionist
* Dick Lewis, Labour and Co-operative Party politician
* William Mainwaring, Labour MP and trade unionist
* William Paling, Labour MP and trade unionist
* Christopher Pattinson, British-born Canadian politician
* Morgan Phillips, Labour politician and trade unionist
* Bryn Roberts, trade unionist
* Joseph Sparks, Labour MP and trade unionist
* Mark Starr, British-American labour historian and educationalist
* Ivor Owen Thomas, Labour MP and trade unionist
* John Williams, Labour MP
* Ted Williams, Labour MP and diplomat
# Viktor Talyanov

Viktor Talyanov (19 October 1934 – 2 January 2014) was a Soviet alpine skier. He competed at the 1956 Winter Olympics and the 1964 Winter Olympics.
# Antipterna assulosa

Antipterna assulosa is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae, first described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1940 as Machaeretis assulosa. The species epithet, assulosa, derives from the Latin adjective, assulosus ("like a splinter"). The holotype for Machaeretis assulosa was collected at Sandgate in Queensland.
# Colin Carige

Colin Lawrence Carige (19 July 1938 – 15 May 2002), Australian politician, was a member of the Australian House of Representatives from 1975 to 1977, representing the Division of Capricornia. He held the seat for the National Country Party.
Carige was born in Mount Morgan. His livelihood was earned in small business, having variously owned a restaurant, a cattle grazing property, and a construction business.
Colin Carige married his wife Gloria Carige [nee Hardy] and had three children. Julie, Lawrence and Susan. He was grandfather to four grandchildren. Daniel, Erin and Anna who were born to Julie and Jillian who was born to Lawrence.
Carige died of acute myeloid leukemia in May 2002.
In Parliament on 24 June 2002, Senator Ron Boswell alluded to his country upbringing in his speech of condolence:
   "At the time of his election he sold himself to his constituents as a correspondence-educated Biloela grazier, a clearing contractor and a bulldozer driver. You do not see too many bulldozer drivers in parliament today; in fact, you do not see too many self-educated people coming into this place."
# 1991 São Toméan presidential election

Presidential elections were held for the first time in São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 March 1991, as previously the President had been elected by the National Assembly. Ultimately only one candidate, Miguel Trovoada, ran for office, and was elected unopposed. The MLSTP-PSD had called for voters to boycott the election.
Trovoada was sworn in as the second president of São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 April.

## Candidates

Three candidates stated their intention to participate in the contest; Miguel Trovoada, a former Prime Minister running as an independent (with the support of both the PCD-GR and CODO), Monso dos Santos of the Christian Democratic Front (FDC) and Guadalupe de Ceita, an independent candidate. Manuel Pinto da Costa, President since independence in 1975, declared that he would not be contesting the election and that he would retire from politics. The MLSTP-PSD did not present an alternative candidate.
In February, less than a month before the election, both Monso dos Santos and Guadalupe de Ceita withdrew from the elections, leaving Trovoada as the sole candidate.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Miguel Trovoada | Independent | 26,604 | 100.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 26,604 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 26,604 | 81.80 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 5,919 | 18.20 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 32,523 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 52,618 | 61.81 |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||
# 1991 Georgian independence referendum

An independence referendum was held in the Republic of Georgia on 31 March 1991. It was approved by 99.5% of voters.

## Background

The referendum was sanctioned by the Georgian Supreme Council which was elected in the first multi-party elections held in Soviet Georgia in October 1990, and was dominated by a pro-independence bloc Round Table-Free Georgia led by the Soviet-era dissident Zviad Gamsakhurdia. Having mostly boycotted the all-Union referendum on continued federation and the negotiations on a new union treaty on 17 March, Georgia became the fourth Soviet republic, after the three Baltic states (Lithuania on 9 February 1991 and Latvia and Estonia on 3 March), to organize the referendum on the issue of independence.
The only question of the referendum asked: "Do you support the restoration of the independence of Georgia in accordance with the Act of Declaration of Independence of Georgia of May 26, 1918?" The official results showed over 99% in favor with a 90.6% voter turnout. Due to the ongoing ethnic discord, the polls were largely boycotted by the non-Georgian population in Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
Four days after the final results were announced, the Georgian Supreme Council unanimously passed the declaration of independence on the second anniversary of the Soviet army crackdown on peaceful protests in Tbilisi on 9 April 1989.
The referendum coincided with a private visit of the former U.S. President Richard Nixon who visited a few polling stations in Georgia’s capital Tbilisi before his departure to Moscow later that day.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 3,295,493 | 99.49 |
| Against | Against | 16,917 | 0.51 |
| Total | Total | 3,312,410 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,312,410 | 99.59 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 13,690 | 0.41 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 3,326,100 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,672,403 | 90.57 |
| Source: Nohlen et al., Direct Democracy ||||
# Tarasht Metro Station

Tarasht Metro Station is a station on Tehran Metro Line 2. It is located on Shahid Golab Street. It is between the Sharif University Metro Station and the Sadeghieh (Tehran) Metro Station.
In 2005, the radon concentration was measured at this station and found to be 9 Bq/m$^3$. The threshold permissible concentration is 148 Bq/m$^3$.
# Matheus Corrêa

Matheus Gabriel De Liz Corrêa (born 22 August 1999) is a Brazilian racewalking athlete. He qualified to represent Brazil at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo 2021, competing in men's 20 kilometres walk.
# Kantipur Television

Kantipur Television, popularly known as Kantipur TV HD or KTV, is a private television station based in Kathmandu, Nepal. The chairman and managing director is Kailash Sirohiya. The CEO of Kantipur Television is Shishir Pachhai. Launched on 13 July 2003, KTV is licensed for terrestrial and satellite broadcasting. It initially only broadcast in the Kathmandu Valley terrestrially, but later expanded to other parts of Nepal after it began broadcasting on satellite television. Kantipur Television is headquartered in Subidhanagar, Kathmandu.

## History

In December 2012, the Intelligence Bureau of India flagged Kantipur Television as a "hate channel" allegedly broadcasting anti-India programming. It was one of the twenty-four "illegal" channels to have been flagged. Kantipur Television launched a sister channel, Kantipur Gold, on 19 February 2015. This was in occasion to the 22nd anniversary of Kantipur Publications. The channel later commenced formal broadcasts on 18 September 2015. The channel, however, was shut down in December 2016.
The network started broadcasting in HD on 14 December 2017. On 19 March 2021, Kantipur Television launched Kantipur Cineplex HD, a new television station in Nepal focusing on movie broadcasting in association with Highlights Nepal, the largest movie distributor and digital partner in Nepal. Kantipur Cineplex HD has now been renamed as Kantipur Max HD.

## List of programmes

| Program | Genre |
| Taal | Entertainment |
| Call Kantipur | Entertainment |
| Song Videos | Music |
| Baliyo Ghar | Reconstruction Based |
| Double Trouble | Entertainment |
| Ainaa | Current social problems |
| Harke Haldar | Entertainment |
| Ditha Sab | Entertainment |
| BBC Sajha Sawal | Current affairs |
| Kantipur Aja | Current affairs |
| Fireside | Current affairs |
| Sarokar | News and politics |
| Scoreboard | Sports |
| Rajatpat | Entertainment |
| Kilo Tango Mike | Police procedural drama |
| Life Is Beautiful | Entertainment |
| Music Mela | Entertainment |
| Ghum Gham | Entertainment |
| Countdown Kantipur | Entertainment |
| Disha Nirdesh | Current affairs |
| Rise and Shine | Morning show |
| Kantipur News | News |
| Kantipur Samachar | News |
| SamaKoodh | Current affairs |
| Paribartan | Current affairs |
| What The Flop | Comedy |
| Frame by Frame | Kollywood news and entertainment |
| Countdown Kantipur | Music |
| Tiffin Box | Music |
| 2pm film | Film |
| M&S Nepal | Weekly magazine |
| Jodhaa akabar birbal tansen mugal | Drama |
| Twakka Tukka Returns | Comedy |
| Here's To Life | Entertainment |
| Good Morning Nepal | Morning show |
| Comedy Champion | Comedy reality |
| It's My Show with Suraj Singh Thakuri | Entertainment Table Talk show |
| Dr. Kantipur | Health |
| Hidden Treasure Miss Nepal (2020-2022) | Beauty Pageant |
| Miss Vibhaa 2023 (Umanga Creation) | Beauty Pageant |

## Logos

| Kantipur TV HD logo (2017 – present) | First Kantipur TV logo (2003–2017) |
# Gelson Silva

Gelson da Silva (born 4 November 1967, in Itajaí, Santa Catarina), sometimes known as just Gelson, is a Brazilian football manager and former player. He played football for Grêmio FBPA, and scored a penalty for the club in the penalty shootout against AFC Ajax in the 1995 Intercontinental Cup in Japan.

## Honours
### Criciúma

* Campeonato Catarinense: 1989, 1990 and 1991
* Copa do Brasil: 1991

### Grêmio

* Campeonato Gaúcho: 1995
* Copa Libertadores: 1995
* Brazilian Serie A: 1996

### Vitória

* Campeonato Baiano: 1997

### Sampaio Corrêa

* Campeonato Maranhense: 1998
# Valentina Petrenko

Valentina Aleksandrovna Petrenko (Russian: Валентина Александровна Петренко; born 23 August 1955 in Kazakh SSR) is a Russian politician, who served as a Russian Federation Senator from Khakassia from 2001 to 2011. She served on the Committee on Social Policy and has a PhD in Education
Born in Kazakh SSR (now Kazakhstan), she is fluent in Russian, Polish, English, and Spanish. In 1977, she graduated from the Rostov State Pedagogical Institute, majoring in teacher of biology and chemistry.
She is famous for negotiating for the release of several child hostages in 1993, for which she earned the Order “For Personal Courage”. She is also known for her iconic hairstyle.
She is married and has one daughter.
She was awarded the Order of Honour.
# Francesco Turchi

Francesco Turchi OCarm (Treviso, 1515 – Conscio, 1599) was a 16th-century writer and scholar, as well as a priest in the Carmelite order living in Treviso.

## Biography

A Carmelite friar, Turchi was active in the editing of works by the printing firms of Giolito, Giunti, and others active in Venice. He added notes to the Poems (Rime) by Bembo; works by Ludovico Ariosto; the Memorial of a Christian life by Louis of Granada; Lo Specchio della croce by Cavalca. He published a work of Salmi Penitenziali, an Epithalamium, and a collection of his letters. It was disputed by Apostolo Zeno whether he deserved credit for a Supplement to the work of Livy, containing lost books from the history, in a volume translated into Tuscan Italian by Nardi, and published by Giunti in 1573. Zeno attributed the work to Johann Freinsheim.
In 1580, Turchi gave the oration in Rome at the confirmation of Giovanni Battista Caffardi as the head of the Carmelite order.
# Charlton Leland

Charlton Leland, also known as the Dr. E.B Goelet House and Saluda Inn, is a historic home located at Saluda, Polk County, North Carolina. It was built about 1896, as a 2+1⁄2-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with a wraparound porch. It was enlarged and remodeled in the Colonial Revival style when converted to an inn in 1914. It rests on an ashlar-face stone foundation and is capped by a gable-on-hip roof with a prominent front gable. The building houses a retreat house known as the Saluda Inn.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.
# Harvard Book Store

Harvard Book Store is an independent and locally owned seller of used, new, and bargain books in Cambridge's Harvard Square.
Harvard Book Store was established in 1932 by Mark Kramer, father of longtime owner Frank Kramer, and originally sold used textbooks to students.
Family-owned for over seventy-five years, the store was sold in the fall of 2008 to Jeffrey Mayersohn and Linda Seamonson of Wellesley, Massachusetts, and remains an independent business.
Though often confused with the Harvard Coop, the store has no affiliation with Harvard University or the Harvard Coop bookstore, which is managed by Barnes & Noble. With a focus on an academic and intellectual audience, the store's selection and customer service is repeatedly honored by local publications and surveys.
Forbes named the book store as its top bookshop in its "World's Top Shops 2005" list.
In 2009, the store introduced an on-demand book printing service called the Espresso Book Machine, produced by New York firm On Demand Books, using books in the public domain available through Google Library.
In recent years, a well-attended author event series has hosted Al Gore, Salman Rushdie, Haruki Murakami, John Updike, Orhan Pamuk, and Stephen King, in addition to a number of local writers and academics.
# Kite Fiqi

Ibrahim Fiqi Yusuf (Somali: Ibraahim Fiqi Yuusuf), more commonly known as Kite Fiqi, was a Somali military leader and poet. As a military leader, he led the Soocane faction during the early to mid 19th century, consisting of forces from various sub-divisions of the Habr Je'lo clan. The Soocane faction ruled over most of what is today eastern Somaliland.

## Overview

Ibrahim Fiqi Yusuf was born in 1810 to a family of religious scholars. He belonged to the Habr Je'lo clan, part of the larger Isaaq clan family. His father, Fiqi Yusuf, was a scholar as was his grandfather Ali Galal. His father Fiqi Yusuf, was killed in battle by Adan Madoba horsemen during a raiding party in 1840. His mother, Abban Mohamed Warsame, was a woman of the Jama Siad/Dhulbahante clan.

## 1850s Civil War

The western Mohamed Abokor faction, unified under the leadership of the Nuh subclan (Ahmed Farah, Rer Dahir, Solomadow), advanced with an army against the Musa Abokor clan. When the Musa Abokor became aware of the attack, Kite Fiqi prepared his forces for a strong defense. He mounted his horse, rode to the front lines, and faced the invading forces alone. His efforts were not just to fight back but to persuade the invaders to reconsider their violent course. He attempted to halt the conflict with reasoning, urging the invaders to abandon their attack. He spoke to them in an attempt to avoid a full-scale battle, and some of his words of caution included:
Despite Kite Fiqi’s pleas, the conflict escalated. The invading forces, led by the Farah Abdille (Ahmed Farah, Rer Dahir), ignored his appeals, and the battle raged on. As the fighting intensified, Kite Fiqi’s forces struggled to maintain control, and heavy casualties occurred. Kite Fiqi later expressed his frustration and sorrow over the inevitable bloodshed, saying:
The warning that Kite Fiqi had given came true, and the casualties were immense. The forces of the Musa Abokor clan, led by Kite Fiqi, eventually retreated, but the Mohamed Abokor forces remained relentless. Some reports suggest that a group of fighters from the Rer Dahir subclan, which had initially joined the invaders, eventually withdrew from the battle. The Mohamed Ahmed of the Ahmed Farah subclan soon also withdrew after suffering major losses.
After a few hours, the battle in the Soocane area came to an end. However, one of the Mohamed Abokor commanders, Malow, who led the invading forces and was positioned opposite the Barre Abdirahman (Bi'ide, Ali Barre), engaged in a fierce battle with his troops that day, successfully pushing back the opposing forces. Kite, after concluding his side of the battle, eventually decimated Malow's forces, with significant casualties among the Barre Abdille (Solomadow).
# Stéphane Tréand

Stéphane Tréand is a French pastry chef from Brignoles, France, Meilleur Ouvrier de France recipient, pastry instructor, and restaurateur residing in California, USA.

## Career

Tréand's career began in a bakery in Northern France when he was sixteen years old. While apprenticing at the local shop, he attended pastry courses one week per month in Vincennes, Paris. He worked in several bakeries and shops in Paris, opened his own shop in 1989. The Pâtisserie Tréand, his shop, was located in Brignoles in Provence, South of France. In 1994, while running his shop, he became a Pastry Teacher at the CFA of St. Maximin. He continued to mentor apprentices at the ENSP, a national pastry school in Yssingeaux, France. He sold his shop in 2001 to devote more time to teaching and winning the Meilleur Ouvrier de France, the highest honor given by the President of France to craftsmen. In 2004, he gained the title.
While doing a demonstration as a guest in Las Vegas in 2004, The Four Season's offered him a position as their pastry chef. In 2005, he accepted and assumed the role in Resort in Newport Beach, California. The St. Regis Monarch Beach Resort in Dana Point, CA became his next destination as he held the title of Executive Pastry Chef there. In 2012, Tréand resigned from the position and went on to found The Pastry School in San Clemente. He is one of four MOFs residing in the United States.
Tréand founded the ST Patisserie restaurant in 2014, and ST Chocolat in 2015. Tréand founded The Pastry School in 2012 in San Clemente, California. He relocated the school in 2015 to Costa Mesa, California. He is currently the Executive Chef Consultant for Occitanial in Tokyo, Japan.

## Collaborations

Tréand has been a guest chef at the following institutions:
* The Big Island Chocolate Festival, Kona, Big Island, Hawai'i
* The Apron School, Niigata, Japan
* The French Pastry School, Chicago, Illinois
* The Notter School, Orlando, Florida
* The Institute of Culinary Education, New York, New York
He has teamed up with the Chicago School of Mold Making to create a line of professional silicone mats for sugar and chocolate work.
* Coach for the USA Team at the International Pastry Competition in Tokyo, Japan in 2009 (Bronze Medal)

## Awards and recognition

* Meilleur Ouvrier de France, 2004
* Winner, Food Network’s “Sugar Daredevils Challenge”, 2005, Phoenix, Arizona
* Gold medal, the National Pastry Team Championship (NPTC), 2007, Nashville, Tennessee
* Winner, World Pastry Champion at the WPTC, 2008, Nashville, Tennessee
* Top Ten Best Pastry Chefs in the US, Pastry Art and Design Magazine, 2007 and 2008
# Trilby (ballet)

Trilby is a ballet in 2 acts and 3 scenes, was the final ballet that Marius Petipa choreographed and staged for the Imperial Bolshoi Ballet during the two years that he was commissioned to create new works for the Moscow stage. And the music was by Yuli Gerber. Libretto by Marius Petipa, based on the 1822 novella Trilby, ou Le Lutin d'Argail by Charles Nodier, first presented by the Ballet of the Moscow Imperial Bolshoi Theatre on January 25/February 6 (Julian/Gregorian calendar dates), 1870, in Moscow with Polina Karpakova as Trilby and Ludiia Geiten as Miranda and restaged by Petipa for the Imperial Ballet at the Imperial Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre on January 17–29, 1871 in St. Petersburg with Adèle Grantzow as Trilby and Lev Ivanov as Count Leopold. Petipa made a more direct adaptation of Nodier’s novella.
The famous variation for the male dancer in the Le Corsaire pas de deux is from Gerber's score for Trilby; a painting of dancers from the ballet in costume (as fledglings emerging from the shell) by Viktor Hartmann was one of the paintings which inspired Pictures at an Exhibition by Mussorgsky.
# La Naissance d'un rêve

La Naissance d'un rêve is the second album by the German band Lacrimas Profundere. It was released through Witchhunt records and recorded at Zinnkopf Audio in Siegsdorf, Germany. The title is French for 'The Birth of a Dream.'
The album was re-released three times: In 2002 in Korea containing two bonus tracks "The Meadows of Light" and "Eternal Sleep (Orchestral Version)" produced by Sail Productions. Also, in the same year, it was re-released as a part of "The Fallen Years" double CD album, produced by "Scarecrow Records (Mexico)". And lastly in 2003 in Russia with one bonus track.

## Personnel

Christopher Schmid: Vocals
Anja Hötzendorfer: Violin and Female Vocals Oliver Nikolas Schmid: Guitars Markus Lapper: Bass Stefan Eireiner: Drums Christian Steiner: Keyboards Eva Stöger: Flute