OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gondrand massacre

The Gondrand massacre was a 1936 Ethiopian attack on Italian workers of the Gondrand company. It was publicized by Fascist Italy in an attempt to justify its ongoing invasion of Ethiopia.

## History

The Gondrand massacre occurred on February 13, 1936, near the northern Ethiopian town of Mai Lahlà, the current Rama. A camp of civilian workers for the logistics company Gondrand, engaged at the time in road construction, was attacked at dawn by Ethiopian soldiers under the orders of Ras Imru. The construction yard was equipped with about 15 muskets, and the workers also used their work tools as defense weapons, but they were overwhelmed by the surprise attack of the Ethiopians.
The massacre took place around the same time as the Battle of Amba Aradam, fought from 10 to 19 February 1936, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Mai Lahlà.

## Casualties

Of the 130 workers present, 68 Italians were killed, and the bodies of 17 of them were castrated in contravention of Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie's explicit order not to mutilate enemy corpses, while 27 others were wounded and four went missing. Of these, two were later confirmed to have been taken prisoner.
About 40 Ethiopian soldiers also died in the attack, mostly because a store of gelignite exploded. Retaliatory massacres were carried out by Italian soldiers against Ethiopian civilians in the aftermath of the attack, resulting in untold deaths.

## Publicity

Italian authorities generally instructed journalists to avoid describing Italian losses during the war, but in this case the story was deliberately promoted for its propaganda value in depicting Ethiopians as barbaric.
The killing of Italian pilot Tito Minniti and his copilot happened some weeks before and together with this massacre was the reason given by the Italians for the use of gas against the Ethiopians, a claim supported by historians like Tripoli and Pedriali. However, as professor of Italian studies David Forgacs argues, while "the Italians sought to give maximum publicity to the massacre of Italian civilians by Ethiopians at the Gondrand camp they were equally strenuous in their efforts to prevent records or reports of their own massacres of civilians".
In response to photographic evidence that some Ethiopian troops had ignored the order against mutilating corpses, Ethiopia's Foreign Minister was forced to admit that it had happened, but argued that it should be seen as an act of protest against Italian atrocities.
# That's the Spirit (1945 film)

That's the Spirit is a 1945 American comedy film directed by Charles Lamont and written by Michael Fessier and Ernest Pagano. The film stars Peggy Ryan, Jack Oakie, June Vincent, Gene Lockhart, Johnny Coy, Andy Devine, Arthur Treacher, Irene Ryan and Buster Keaton. The film was released on June 1, 1945, by Universal Pictures.

## Plot

A vaudevillian returns from the dead to help his wife and daughter, who are being dominated by a greedy banker.

## Cast

* Peggy Ryan as Sheila Gogarty
* Jack Oakie as Steve 'Slim' Gogarty
* June Vincent as Libby Cawthorne Gogarty
* Gene Lockhart as Jasper Cawthorne
* Johnny Coy as Martin Wilde Jr.
* Andy Devine as Martin Wilde Sr.
* Arthur Treacher as Masters
* Irene Ryan as Bilson
* Buster Keaton as L.M.
* Victoria Horne as Patience
* Edith Barrett as Abigail
* Rex Storey as Specialty
# Eli Cross (politician)

Eli Cross MHA, is a Canadian politician in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. He was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2011 provincial election. A member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador, he represented the electoral district of Bonavista North. In the 2015 election, Cross was defeated by Liberal Derrick Bragg in the new Fogo Island-Cape Freels riding.
Prior to his election to the legislature, Cross served as mayor of Wesleyville, and subsequently as mayor of the amalgamated town of New-Wes-Valley.

## Electoral record

2015 Newfoundland and Labrador general election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Liberal | Derrick Bragg | 3,516 | 69.9 | – |
| Progressive Conservative | Eli Cross | 1,387 | 27.6 | – |
| New Democratic | Rebecca Stuckey | 128 | 2.5 | – |
2011 Newfoundland and Labrador general election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Progressive Conservative | Eli Cross | 1,723 | 46.47 | – |
| Liberal | Paul Kean | 1,518 | 40.94 | |
| NDP | John Coaker | 467 | 12.59 | |
1989 Newfoundland and Labrador general election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Liberal | Thomas Lush | 3470 | | |
| Progressive Conservative | Eli Cross | 2351 | – | – |
| NDP | Ingwald Feltham | 117 | | |
# Mediterranean killifish

The Mediterranean killifish, Mediterranean banded killifish or South European toothcarp (Aphanius fasciatus) is a species of fish in the family Aphaniidae. It is found in Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Montenegro, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Its natural habitats are saline lakes, saline marshes, and coastal saline lagoons.

## Description

The Mediterranean killifish has an elongated body that is slightly flattened on the sides. Its head which is flattened on the top, has large eyes and an upper mouth that is covered with small, three-pointed teeth. There are 25 to 30 large scales in a longitudinal row on the body, and the head is also scaled. The pectoral fins are located below the middle of the body, the ventral fins are located on the abdomen. The dorsal fin with its ten to thirteen rays is located quite far back, just before the anal fin, which consists of nine to twelve rays. The caudal fin is not forked and ends rounded. All of the Mediterranean killifish's fins have only soft rays . As with many Toothcarps, the coloring varies greatly between the sexes. Males are olive-green-bluish on the back and flanks and light on the belly with a silvery sheen, and they also have ten to fifteen broad, dark transverse bands on the flanks. Their fins are yellowish. The female is much more subtly colored, it is light gray-green with only indistinct, narrow transverse bands. Their fins are light gray and transparent. The body length also varies, males reach a length of about 5.5 centimeters, females can reach up to 6 centimeters. This fish has no lateral line organ .

## Distribution, habitat and biology

The distribution area of the Mediterranean killifish extends from the Mediterranean coast from the Ligurian Sea to the Middle East . It is also found in North Africa from Gibraltar to the Bitter Lakes in Egypt. It inhabits salt, fresh and brackish water . It can be found in lagoons and river mouths, but also in small stagnant bodies of water and very salty water. From April to September, the females lay their eggs on the bottom, preferably on aquatic plants and algae. After ten to fifteen days, the young hatch and reach sexual maturity at the end of their first year of life . Its diet consists of both animal and plant food. It eats small crustaceans and plankton, as well insects and their larvae, but also plant parts, algae and detritus .
# Centre Place

Centre Place Shopping Centre is a shopping mall in Hamilton, New Zealand. It is located in the suburb of Hamilton Central. Centre Place is one of the city's three major malls along with Te Awa at The Base and Chartwell Shopping Centre.
A scheme for the former Hamilton Central station site was promoted in 1969, though the site was still an undeveloped car park in 1981. Development started in 1984 and Centreplace opened in 1985. In October 2013, an extension of Centre Place replaced the former Downtown Plaza. With the expansion, the centre has a total retail floor space of approximately 26,000 m$^2$ (280,000 sq ft), with an anchor tenant of Farmers (7,000 m$^2$ (75,000 sq ft)).
# Cuno Hugo Rudolph

Cuno Hugo Rudolph (1860-1932) was a Washington, D.C. politician who served as the 10th and 14th president of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia, from 1910 to 1913 and again from 1921 to 1926. He was the only person to hold this office for two, non-consecutive periods.

## Early life

Rudolph, the son of Jacob and Elizabeth Yerger Rudolph, was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1860 where he attended private schools and business colleges. He moved to Washington, D.C. in 1899 and become engaged in the hardware business, and served as the president of the hardware firm Rudolph and West until 1906. Rudolph married Amy Edna Merz (1868-1951) on June 8, 1901, and the couple had no children.
Rudolph expanded his business into bricks and banking and became active in politics as a Republican.

## Career

In 1901, as chairman of the Associated Charities' Public Playground Committee, he opened the first public playground in the District of Columbia, and he remained active in playgrounds in the District for years. He served on inaugural committees and led the George Washington Bicentennial efforts in DC until poor health forced him to resign. He was on the board of trustees at Howard University, served as chairman of the Board of the Children's Hospital and organized the first Mother's Day celebration in DC in 1911. He was a vice president of the Washington D.C. Board of Trade, and was the director of the Washington D.C., Chamber of Commerce.
He was first appointed to the District of Columbia Board of Commissioners in 1910 by President Howard Taft and quickly elected the Board's president, a role he filled until he resigned in March 1913 when President Woodrow Wilson was inaugurated. He then back to banking, service as vice-president of the Second National Bank of Washington until President Harding again appointed him to the Board of Commissioners, and again elected its president. He was reappointed by President Coolidge and continued to serve until 1926 when he resigned again due to poor health.

## Death and honors

Rudolph died in 1932, at his home in the Dresden Apartments on Connecticut Avenue. After a service in DC, he was buried at Lorraine Park Cemetery in Baltimore.
The Cuno H. Rudolph Elementary School building, now home to Washington Latin Public Charter School, was named in his honor in 1940.
# Marcin Chabowski

Marcin Chabowski (born 28 June 1986) is a Polish long-distance runner. He finished fourth in the half marathon at the 2016 European Championships. He led for a large part of the marathon race at the 2014 European Championships but was caught by the chasers and eventually dropped out.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Poland ||||||
| 2003 | World Youth Championships | Sherbrooke, Canada | 5th | 2000 m s'chase | 5:45.44 |
| 2004 | World Junior Championships | Grosseto, Italy | 9th | 3000 m s'chase | 8:53.10 |
| 2005 | European Junior Championships | Kaunas, Lithuania | 1st | 3000 m s'chase | 8:40.88 |
| 2007 | European U23 Championships | Debrecen, Hungary | 5th | 3000 m s'chase | 8:37.34 |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 11th | 10,000 m | 29:15.65 |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | – | Marathon | DNF |
| 2015 | Military World Games | Mungyeong, South Korea | 2nd | Marathon | 2:15:37 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 4th | Half marathon | 1:02:54 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Sapporo, Japan | – | Marathon | DNF |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 1500 metres – 3:44.06 (Warsaw 2009)
* 3000 metres – 8:01.87 (Sopot 2009)
* 5000 metres – 13:52.61 (Bydgoszcz 2009)
* 10,000 metres – 28:27.59 (Kędzierzyn-Koźle 2009)
* Half marathon – 1:02:26 (Piła 2011)
* Marathon – 2:10:07 (Düsseldorf 2012)
* 3000 metres steeplechase – 8:25.90 (Szczecin 2008)
Indoor
* 3000 metres – 8:13.82 (Spała 2004)
# Rītdiena

Rītdiena (Tomorrow) was a free newspaper published in Latvia. It was published once a week, from 2005 to December 2007 in a printed form. The newspaper claimed to have 173 thousands subscribers. At the end of 2007, Latvian Post stopped delivering Rītdiena, because the newspaper owed Ls 647,300 to Latvian Post. The newspaper then stopped publishing a printed version but continued publishing electronically on its website until June 2008.
* This Latvian newspaper-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Undōkōen Station (Miyazaki)

Undōkōen Station (運動公園駅, Undōkōen-eki) } is a passenger railway station located in the city of Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is on the Nichinan Line.

## Lines

The station is served by the Nichinan Line and is located 9.0 km from the starting point of the line at Minami-Miyazaki.

## Layout

The station consists of a side platform serving a single track at grade. The station building is a simple open-concept structure that serves mainly as a weather shelter for passengers on the platform. A ticket window has been built but is not staffed. From the station entrance, a pedestrian bridge leads across the main road to the Miyazaki Sports Park, the facility which gives its name to the station.

## History

Japanese National Railways (JNR) opened the station on 18 March 1984 as a temporary stop on the existing track of the Nichinan Line. With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, JR Kyushu assumed control of Undōkōen and upgraded it to a full station.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 31 passengers (boarding only) per day.

## Surrounding area

* Miyazaki Prefectural Sports Park
* Sun Marine Stadium
# Simón Ramírez (footballer, born 1985)

Simón Rodrigo Ramírez (born April 12, 1985, in Morón, Argentina) is an Argentine former footballer who played as a midfielder

## Teams

* Argentinos Juniors 2004–2006
* El Porvenir 2006–2007
* All Boys 2007–2009
* Cobreloa 2009
* Deportivo Merlo 2010–2011
* Camioneros [es] 2012
* JJ Urquiza 2012–2015

## Titles

* All Boys 2007-2008 (Primera B Metropolitana)
# USS Constellation (FFG-62)

USS Constellation (FFG-62) will be the lead ship of the Constellation class of guided-missile frigates and the fifth ship in the United States Navy bearing this name. She is named in honor of the first USS Constellation, one of the original six frigates of the United States Navy, which was named for the constellation of stars on the flag of the United States. The ship will be sponsored by Melissa Braithwaite, the wife of Secretary of the Navy Kenneth Braithwaite.
Construction of Constellation began on 31 August 2022 and the keel was laid on 12 April 2024. She was originally expected to enter service in 2026, but due to design changes, and projected service life limitations, she is not expected to be delivered until 2029.
# So Fine (Ike & Tina Turner album)

So Fine is a studio album by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner. The album was released on Pompeii Records in July 1968. It is the first of two albums the duo released on the Pompeii label.

## Content and release

So Fine was the first album released by Pompeii Records. It features a remake of Ike and Tina's debut single "A Fool in Love". The duo also covered "Shake a Tail Feather" by The Five Du-Tones and "So Fine" by Johnny Otis. Three songs on the album "Bet'cha Can't Kiss Me (Just One Time)", "It Sho Ain't Me", and "Too Hot to Hold" were written by Mack Rice.
Two songs, "Bet'cha Can't Kiss Me (Just One Time)" and "So Fine" had been released on Ike Turner's label Innis Records. Innis was acquired by Pompeii Music Corp. in 1968.
Of the five singles released from the album only "So Fine" charted. Released by Innis in March 1968, it reached No. 50 on the Billboard R&B Singles chart and No. 117 on Bubbling Under The Hot 100 in 1968.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The album received positive reviews. Music journalist Mike Jahn wrote So Fine is "one of the best soul albums ever made." Dave Donnelly wrote for the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that "the soul-searing pair demonstrate that they are among the raunchiest of the new breed."
Billboard (July 13, 1968): "This exciting fare, for Ike and Tina know how to infuse their soul performances with drive and spirit. In addition to the title song, 'So Fine,' there are 'You're So Fine,' the classic 'Ain't Nobody's Business,' 'We Need an Understanding,' and others. The [background vocals] are by the Ikettes."
Cash Box (July 20, 1968): "Singing with zest and energy, Ike and Tina Turner render a solid set of potent ditties. Among the offerings, in addition to the title tune, are 'Shake a Tail Feather', 'Ain't Nobody's Business', and 'A Fool in Love'. The vital performance turned in by the duo augurs good things to come for this stirring package."

## Reissues

So Fine was reissued as Too Hot to Hold by Pickwick/33 Records in 1974. It was also included in the 1974 double album The Great Album Of Ike And Tina Turner released by Disques Festival in France.
So Fine was digitally remastered by Goldenlane Records and included in the 3-CD compilation The Complete Pompeii Recordings (1968–1969) in 2016.
# Kenah Cusanit

Kenah Cusanit (born 1979 in Blankenburg (Harz)) is a German writer.

## Life and work

Kenah Cusanit grew up in Berlin-Brandenburg. Initially, she studied archeology and, later on, Ancient Near East studies, ethnology and African studies. She graduated as a Master of Arts. Subsequently, besides writing prose and poetry, Cusanit worked as a journalist in Germany and abroad. Cusanit's work has been published in numerous literary magazines like Edit, Ostragehege, poet, Sprache im technischen Zeitalter and manuskripte as well as regularly in anthologies like the Jahrbuch der Lyrik (Yearbook of Poetry).
In 2019, Cusanit published her debut novel Babel which was granted the promotional prize of the Uwe-Johnson-Förderpreis in the same year and gained her much attention ever since.

## Publications

* aus Papier. Gedichte, hochroth Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 9783902871527
* Chronographe Chorologien I. Gedichte, hochroth Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-902871-93-0
* Babel. Roman, Hanser Verlag, München 2019, ISBN 978-3-446261-65-5

## Awards (selection)

* 2009 Scholarship of the State of Brandenburg
* 2010 Feldkircher Lyrikpreis
* 2011 Scholarship of the prose workshop of the Literarisches Colloquium Berlin
* 2012 Residency of the Art Foundation Donnersbergkreis
* 2012 Scholarship of the arts foundation of the Free State of Saxony
* 2012 Update Prize of the Bavarian Literature Foundation
* 2014 Bayerischer Kunstförderpreis
* 2016 Nominated for the Merano Poetry Prize
* 2017 Scholarship of the Senate of Berlin
* 2018 Scholarship of the Preußische Seehandlung Berlin Foundation
* 2019 Nominated for the Leipzig Book Fair Prize for Babel
* 2019 Promotional prize of the Uwe-Johnson-Förderpreis for Babel
* 2019 Scholarship of the Senate of Berlin
* 2021/22 Rome Prize of the German Academy Rome Villa Massimo
* 2024 German Prize for Nature Writing
# Paweł Czoska

Paweł Czoska (born 31 August 1990) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Honours

Gryf Wejherowo
* III liga Pomerania–West Pomerania: 2014–15
# Paul Hegarty (musician)

Paul Hegarty (born 12 January 1967) is a professor of French and Francophone studies, an author, experimental musician, and lecturer in aesthetics. Hegarty teaches Philosophy and Visual Culture at University of Nottingham.

## Contributions

Hegarty is best known as the author of Noise/Music, a 2007 noise music history. But has also written books on the subjects of Sound Studies, Experimental Music, Aesthetics, History and Theory of Art, New Media and Technology, Political Theory and Philosophy, Popular Music, Electronic Music, 1960s art and French Theory, such as on Georges Bataille and Jean Baudrillard.
Hegarty is a co-series editor of the Ex:Centrics series with Bloomsbury Press.

## Music

He jointly runs the experimental record label dotdotdotmusic, and performs in the noise bands Safe and La Société des Amis du Crime.

## Publications

* Rumour and Radiation: Sound in Video Art 2015
* Noise Music 2007
* Beyond and Before 2011
* Jean Baudrillard (Live Theory) 2004
* Georges Bataille: Core Cultural Theorist 2000

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Hegarty, Paul, 1967-". LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies. Library of Congress. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
* ↑ Hegarty author page at University of Chicago Press
* ↑ Bookforum review of Paul Hegarty’s Noise/Music: A History by Nicole Lanctot
* ↑ "Noise/Music: A History". www.bookforum.com. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
# Barley, Lancashire

Barley is a village in the borough of Pendle, in Lancashire, England. It is in the civil parish of Barley-with-Wheatley Booth. The village lies between Black Moss Reservoirs and Ogden Reservoirs, and is within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
The hamlet of Barley Green is immediately southwest of the village. The village is close to Pendle Hill, and is a popular starting point for walkers of this hill. The circular Pendle Way long-distance trail passes through here.
There is a children's playground by the stream. There is also a substantial 1920s public house, The Pendle Inn, and a restaurant, The Barley Mow.
It has won the small village category in 1996 and the hamlet category of the Lancashire Best Kept Village competition in 2008, 2009 and 2021.

## History

After a cow farm was established around 1266, Barley earned its livelihood from agriculture. This continued up until the 18th century. During the 18th century, textiles began to be manufactured as an extra source of income. The brooks around Barley offered an effective source of waterpower which led to the building of several cotton factories. Two small cotton mills were built at Narrowgates and Barley Green. At its height, Barley Green Mill had 200 looms, until floods destroyed the building in 1880. The cotton twist mill at Narrowgates, which was built by William Hartley to spin cotton warp thread, and the adjacent weavers cottages survive and are now private houses.
# Pranab Kumar Balabantaray

Pranab Kumar Balabantaray is an Indian politician from Odisha. He was a two time elected Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 2014 and 2019, representing Dharmasala Assembly constituency as a Member of the Biju Janata Dal.
# Volgograd Honour Guard

The Volgograd Honour Guard (Russian: Рота Почетный караул Волгоград), officially known as the Honour Guard Company of the 20th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade is a ceremonial unit of the Russian Armed Forces that is subordinate to the 20th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District. Its main task is to guard the Mamayev Kurgan Memorial Complex from 9 AM to 8 PM and to participate in the escorting of special guests to Volgograd. In addition, the personnel of the company take part in commemorations and events held in the Southern Military District. All 100 members of the company have to be at least 180 cm (5 ft 11 in). The company uses uniforms from the 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, though not directly associated with it.
From its formation on January 29, 1968, to its transfer to the 20th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade on December 1, 2010, the company was designated as the 46th Separate Honour Guard Company and directly subordinate to the district headquarters.

## Gallery

* The unit's summer uniform.
* The unit's winter uniform.
* The changing of the guards in the summer uniform
* The changing of the guards in the winter uniform
* The soldiers training
* The unit's uniform collection