OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Žadeikiai Eldership

The Žadeikiai Eldership (Lithuanian: Žadeikių seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Šilalė District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 666.
# Thomas Paddison

Thomas John Paddison (third ¼ 1883 – death unknown) was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s. He played at representative level for Wales and Welsh League XIII, and at club level for Merthyr Tydfil, as a fullback.

## Background

Thomas Paddison's birth was registered in Neath district, Wales.

## International honours

Thomas Paddison won a cap for Wales while at Merthyr Tydfil in 1908 and represented Welsh League XIII while at Merthyr Tydfil in the 14-13 victory over Australia at Penydarren Park, Merthyr Tydfil on Tuesday 19 January 1909.
# Neal Coonerty

Neal Coonerty was the Third District Supervisor for the County of Santa Cruz, California. He did two terms on the Board of Supervisors. He was elected in 1990 to the Santa Cruz City Council where his one term included a year as Mayor.

## Background
### Personal

Coonerty was born in Santa Maria, California, but grew up in Van Nuys. In 1969, he graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, as an English literature major. He is married to Lucie who is a retired elementary school teacher. His children are politician Ryan Coonerty and Casey Coonerty Protti. Casey runs their family business, Bookshop Santa Cruz.
Coonerty has been named president of the American Booksellers Association twice. He is the co-owner of Bookshop Santa Cruz. It is now considered a local curio. The shop which once had a water bed in the middle of it was already a place of interest when he and his late wife, Candy, who was pregnant then, took it over in the early 1970s. It has survived the 1989 earthquake and a challenge and competition from other book stores such as Crown Books and Borders bookstore.
By the time he was 63 he had managed to drop his weight from 320 pounds to 185. He had Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at the Clovis Community Medical Center in Fresno, California.

### Political

From 1990 to 1994, Coonerty was a Santa Cruz city councilman. In 1993, he was the mayor of Santa Cruz. In March 2006, he announced he was running for the County Board of Supervisors seat. This was after Mardi Wormhoudt had publicly announced that she intended to retire. On 6 June 2006, facing two challengers, Chris Krohn and Jonathan Boutelle, Coonerty won the election with 58 percent of the vote. In 2010, facing Cove Britton and Doug Deitch, with more campaign cash and endorsements than either of Britton and Deitch he was picked as a favourite to win. He won and was elected to another term, taking 57 percent of the votes with Britton following behind with a respectable 34 percent. After two terms as supervisor, he decided not to stand for re-election in 2014. After 12 years in politics he decided it was time to change and do other things. In June 2014, his son Ryan ran for election to succeed his retiring father on the Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors. He won with 76 percent of the vote.
# Villa Torlonia Catacombs

The Villa Torlonia Catacombs are ancient Jewish underground cemeteries discovered in the grounds of the Villa Torlonia in Rome in 1918. Excavations continued until 1930.
The complex had two different entrances, one facing via Siracusa and another inside the villa itself. It stretches over more than 13.000 m² and contains over 100 inscriptions and frescoes of Jewish symbols. They are not open to the public due to their instability and the presence of toxic gases such as radon, helium and carbon dioxide.
The University of Utrecht has radiocarbon dated wood from the stucco covering many of the tombs to place the complex's construction between the 1st century BCE and the 1st century CE, thus predating Christian use of this burial method. They may also hypothetically have been used until the 5th century CE.
# Arnolds Spekke

Arnolds Spekke (or Arnolds Speke; 14 June 1887 – 27 July 1972) was a Latvian historian, philologist, and diplomat.

## Education

He received a doctorate in philology from the University of Latvia in 1927. In 1932 he received a Rockefeller Foundation scholarship and studied in Italy.

## Diplomatic career

From 1933 to 1939, he was the Latvian envoy to Italy, Greece, Bulgaria and Albania with permanent residence in Rome, Italy.
On 27 July 1940, Spekke protested against the Soviet occupation of Latvia by handing over a note to the Italian government. 9 August 1940 Spekke handed over his resignation, 11 August 1940 was his last working day at the Latvian Legation in Rome. Afterwards he worked as a teacher, librarian, translator and other odd jobs in Milan and Rome.
From 1945 to 1950, Spekke worked for the Latvian Committee in Rome and 1951 he attended the founding meeting of the Latvian Liberation Committee (Latvian: Latvijas Atbrīvošanas komiteja). In 1951 Spekke published his History of Latvia, recounting the Baltic tribes and invasion by Vikings, Germans and Russians.
Beginning April 1954, Spekke was chargé d'affaires and head of the Latvian Legation in Washington, D.C. — beginning June 1954 he was also the consul general to the United States. Effective May 1963 Spekke became head of the Latvian Diplomatic and Consular Service. In 1970, Spekke retired from office.
Arnolds Spekke has received the Latvian Order of the Three Stars as well as French, Polish and Swedish orders. After World War II Spekke authored more than 15 important works on Latvian history and Livonian humanists.

## Personal life

Spekke married Aleksandra Stērstes. They had a son, Andrejs, born in 1915, and a daughter, Vija, born in 1922.
# Haridwar Prasad Singh

Haridwar Prasad Singh (also known as H.P Singh) was an Indian politician based in Bihar, who was elected to Indian Parliament (Lok Sabha) from Arrah Lok Sabha constituency. He was elected to 12th Lok Sabha and he defeated Chandradeo Prasad Verma of Rashtriya Janata Dal to become a parliamentarian. Singh was a member of Samata Party while he was elected to Lok Sahha.

## Life

Singh was born on 27 September 1947 to L.P Singh in Bhojpur district of Bihar. He was educated till matriculation and married at an early age to B. Devi. In early part of his life, he worked as an agriculturist and trade union leader. His political career got a boost when he was elected to 12th Lok Sabha in 1998 Indian General Elections. In his role as a parliamentarian, he became a member of Committee on Public Undertakings and Committee on Human Resource Development. He also remained a member of consultative committee on food and consumer affairs.
Singh was also engaged in numerous socio-cultural activities. He worked for upliftment of downtrodden and also worked for people affected by natural disasters. Singh also worked for environmental conservation.
Singh was a vice president of Paradeep port labour union and General Secretary of Food Corporation of India workers' union. He was also a member of minerals and Metals Trading Corporation Workers' Union. For the upliftment of downtrodden, he founded Bharatiya Samajik Utthan Sansthan. He was also known for his initiative in the sector of education and was one of the members of Ghanshyam Hemlata Vidya Mandir Society. Besides these, he was also associated with Minimum Wages Advisory Committee and Zonal Railway Users Consultative Committee of the Eastern Railway.

## Commemoration

Singh was commemorated in 2013, for his role in labour movement. The commemoration ceremony was held in a cultural program organised to mourn his death which ended his years long role in upliftment of labourers by ensuring humane working condition and living wage. This ceremony was hosted by Arrah district unit of Akhil Bhartiya Kushwaha Mahasabha.
# Before I Die (album)

Before I Die is the debut studio album by Park Hye Jin, a South Korean singer, rapper, record producer, and DJ based in Los Angeles. Entirely written, produced, and performed by herself, it was released on Ninja Tune on 10 September 2021. It peaked at number 73 on the UK Album Downloads Chart. It won the Best Electronic Record award at the 2022 Libera Awards.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 75/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Beats Per Minute | 78% |
| DIY | |
| The Guardian | |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8/10 |
| Loud and Quiet | 6/10 |
| NME | |
| Pitchfork | 6.5/10 |
| PopMatters | 7/10 |
| The Skinny | |
According to the review aggregator Metacritic, Before I Die received "generally favorable reviews" based on a weighted average score of 75 out of 100 from 11 critic scores.
Adriane Pontecorvo of PopMatters commented that "every cut on Before I Die is so thoughtfully assembled that it becomes exquisitely casual, and Park Hye Jin shows her range as a producer worth keeping an eye on." Kyle Kohner of The Line of Best Fit stated, "Saturated with hazy bangers that explore the emotional gradient between depression and self-assurance, the appropriately titled Before I Die offers a space where yearning, anxiety, and bedridden gloom can coexist." Ben Jolley of NME called the album "an affecting multi-layered debut that, rather than reaching a conclusion of fulfilment, manages to find happiness in just being alive."
The album won the Best Electronic Record award at the 2022 Libera Awards.

### Accolades

Year-end lists for Before I Die :
| Publication | List | Rank |
| Billboard | The 20 Best Dance Albums of 2021 | — |
| Hot Press | Top 50 Albums of 2021 | 50 |
| The Line of Best Fit | The Best Albums of 2021 | 10 |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Park Hye Jin.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.
* Park Hye Jin – production, performance, mixing
* Tom Jessop – mixing, mastering
* Dan Medhurst – photography

## Charts

Chart performance for Before I Die :
| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| UK Album Downloads (OCC) | 73 |
# Kūlupėnai Eldership

The Kūlupėnai Eldership (Lithuanian: Kūlupėnų seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Kretinga District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 1407.
# Charlie Bracken

Charlie Bracken (born 9 December 2003) is an English professional rugby union footballer who plays at scrum-half for Saracens and has played for the England under-20 team. He is the son of former England scrum-half Kyran Bracken.

## Career
### Club

Bracken chose Barnet Rugby Club as his first club. He joined Saracens aged fourteen, and progressed through the age groups and made his senior debut in the Premiership Rugby Cup against Wasps RFC in March 2022. Bracken is now in the senior academy at Saracens, occasionally playing first team games.

### International

In February 2022 Bracken was called up to a England under-18 training camp held in Bisham Abbey. The following month saw him score a try against Wales under-18 at Taunton.
In the summer of 2022 Bracken made four appearances for the England U20 team. He was included in the squad for the 2023 Six Nations Under 20s Championship and footage of Bracken giving away his shirt to a young fan at the conclusion of the opening round clash between England and Scotland was reported as going viral. Later that year he was a member of the side that finished fourth at the 2023 World Rugby U20 Championship and scored his only try of the tournament in a pool stage draw with Australia.

## Personal life

The son of former England rugby Union international Kyran Bracken and his wife Victoria, Charlie has two younger brothers Jack and Lachlan. They were brought up in Hadley Wood. He completed his A-levels at St. Albans School and then attended Loughborough University.
# Jagan Nath Prasad Rai

Jagan Nath Prasad Rai also known as J N Rai was an Indian politician. He was elected as a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Hajipur constituency in Vaishali district.

## Death

Rai died on 25 April 2021. He contested his last election in 2015 as an Indian National Congress candidate but lost to Awadhesh Singh.
# Adrien Philippe

Jean Adrien Philippe (April 16, 1815, La Bazoche-Gouet, Eure-et-Loir – January 5, 1894) was a French horologist and cofounder of watchmaker Patek Philippe & Co. of Geneva, Switzerland.
In 1842, Adrien Philippe invented a mechanism for watches which allowed them to be wound and set by means of a crown rather than a key. His patented invention earned him a Bronze Medal at the French Industrial Exposition of 1844 (World's Fair). At the Exhibition, Adrien Philippe first met Antoni Patek and a year later became head watchmaker at Patek & Co. in Geneva under an agreement that entitled him to one third of all company profits.
Adrien Philippe proved to be very capable at his craft and a product innovator whose value to the firm was such that by 1851 he was made a full partner and the firm began operating as Patek Philippe & Co. In 1863 he published a book in Geneva and Paris on the workings of pocket watches titled Les montres sans clef.
In 1875, Adrien Philippe commissioned a watch that he later gave his daughter, Louise, as a wedding present, which is known as the only wristwatch dating back to be owned by either Patek or Philippe. This historical watch is known as “The Watchmaker’s Daughter” and was auctioned at Sotheby’s in 2023 by the descendants of Adrien Philippe. The watch was purchased most probably by the Patek Philippe Museum though this is not confirmed and may be owned by a private collector. The wedding between Louise and Joseph Antoine Bénassy-Philippe that the watch was presented at is noted as the wedding that saved Patek Philippe by providing the company a much needed successor to Antoni Patek for the company to survive the founding generation.
His partner Antoni Patek died in 1877 and in 1891 the 76-year-old Adrien Philippe handed over the day-to-day management of the business to his son Joseph Emile Philippe and Francois Antoine Conty.
Jean Adrien Philippe died in 1894.
# 2009 Cadet World Championship

The 2009 Cadet World Championship were held in Buenos Aires, Argentina between 1 and 10 December 2009.

## Podium

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Cadet World Championship | Clara Cosentino (ARG) Cristobal Billoch (ARG) | Chris Brewer (GBR) Ole Alcock (GBR) | Alec Bailey (AUS) Samantha Bailey (AUS) |
* This article about sports in Argentina is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Dallara GP2/08

The Dallara GP2/08 was an open-wheel formula racing car developed by Italian manufacturer Dallara for use in the GP2 Series, a feeder series for Formula One. The GP2/08 was the 2nd-generation car used by the GP2 Series, replacing the GP2/05, which had also been developed by Dallara. The GP2/08 was used from 2008 to 2010, in keeping with the series philosophy of introducing a chassis every 3 years. As the GP2 Series was a spec-formula, the car was utilised by all teams and drivers in the championship.

## Development

Planning and design of the car began in September 2006, with GP2 series Technical Director Didier Perrin laying down the initial design parameters, prior to handing over the detailed design work to Dallara, with it being decided relatively earlier that the partnerships from the first three years of GP2 would be continued until at least 2010, with a chassis by Dallara, Renault branded engine and gearbox by Mecachrome and tyres by Bridgestone. The car was also designed to be upgradable, with an upgrade kit to be issued each year, to keep up with changes in Formula 1.
The car featured a new and 'aggressively low' nose, alongside a single keel suspension and a sculpted front wing. The car had re-designed sidepods, the which were result of a new radiator and cooling set-up. The barge-boards are also noticeably different, being far larger and more sculpted than their predecessor. The rear end was also completely redesigned, with the contoured engine cover fitting over the Mecachrome-built V8 being far tighter than before, and while the rear of the sidepods featured both brand new cooling chimneys and a newer design of the 'shark gill' vents which appeared briefly in 2006. The rear point of the engine cover pulls down to a markedly different, and far neater, exhaust assembly, while the rear wing is a brand new development of that seen in 2007 The car also came with anti intrusion panels, and was designed to meet F1 crash test standards of the time, being the only non-F1 car to pass the 2007 Formula One Crash test.
The car had its initial shakedown at the Paul Ricard High Speed Test Track on 26 June 2007 by Nelson Piquet Jr., who was the runner-up in the previous season, completing 60 laps without any problems. The car was also launched on that day.
# Cox Ford Covered Bridge

The Cox Ford Covered Bridge is a covered bridge that crosses Sugar Creek along the western edge of Turkey Run State Park, in Parke County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## History

This single span Burr Arch truss structure has a length of 160 ft (49 m), or 176 ft (54 m) including the 8 ft (2.4 m) overhang at each end, with a portal clearance 16 ft (4.9 m) wide by 13 ft (4.0 m) in height. Built in 1913 by Joseph A. Britton, the Cox Ford Covered Bridge has a rather unusual distinction as it was built to replace a steel bridge lost in the 1913 flood; the arches used to construction this structure were from the Armiesburg Covered Bridge, built 60 years earlier and also washed out during the 1913 flood.
During the Great Depression, the Cox Ford Covered Bridge received a new coat of paint that was applied by a Works Progress Administration group, and though no historical marker is present, the bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. It is listed in the 1989 World Guide to Covered Bridges, published by The National Society for the Preservation of Covered Bridges, Inc., as #14-61-34; however, the designation used by Parke County officials is #14-61-36. In the February 1938 Indiana History Bulletin, Robert B. Yule and Richard C. Smith assigned the designation 'sg' to this Covered Timber Bridge located in Section 28, Township 17 North, and Range 7 West, about 1/2 a mile west of Turkey Run State Park.

## Gallery

* Portal detail
# Crescent Rail Bridge

The Crescent Bridge carries a rail line across the Mississippi River between Davenport, Iowa, and Rock Island, Illinois. It was formerly owned by the Davenport, Rock Island and North Western Railway, a joint subsidiary of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad and Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, which was split in 1995 between then-joint owners Burlington Northern Railroad and Soo Line Railroad, with BN getting the bridge and the Illinois-side line, and Soo Line getting the Iowa-side line. Since then, after spinning off its lines in the area to I&M Rail Link, later Iowa, Chicago and Eastern Railroad (a subsidiary of the Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad), the lines were repurchased by the Canadian Pacific Railway, parent of the Soo Line. Meanwhile, BN has merged into the BNSF Railway, the current owner of the bridge.
# Don Savage

Donald Anthony Savage (March 25, 1919 – December 25, 1961) was a Major League Baseball player. Ineligible for military service due to medical conditions, Savage played for the New York Yankees in 1944 and 1945 during World War II and was sent down to the minor leagues when regular players returned after the war. He batted and threw right-handed.

## Biography

Savage was born in Bloomfield, New Jersey, and played both baseball and football at Bloomfield High School, where he graduated in 1937. He played for a season at Rutgers University, before signing with the Yankees in June 1938 and being assigned to the Butler Yankees of the Pennsylvania State Association. After working his way up the minor league ladder, he had a successful season in 1941 with the Augusta Tigers of the South Atlantic League. Following the 1941 season, Savage became ill and doctors determined that the weight loss and other symptoms he had experienced were related to diabetes. He was unable to play baseball during the 1942 season and was granted 4-F status by his draft board due to his medical condition. He was strong enough to return to play in 1943 and had a successful season at shortstop with the Newark Bears of the International League. Based on his performance in the minors, with many full-timers called up for military duty and with Savage not subject to the draft, he was chosen to make the roster for the Yankees team for the 1944 season.
Despite growing up "no more than a bus ride away from Yankee Stadium", Savage had never been to the team's home field before he made the 1944 roster. He had a strong start to his Yankees career, batting .333 in his first 15 games with the team, but a series of injuries led to a drop in performance and his spot at third base being taken over by Oscar Grimes. Further problems with his knee led to diminished playing time in the 1945 season and the return of regular players from military duty only further reduced playing opportunities. By 1946, he was sent down to Newark and retired from baseball shortly thereafter.
He died on December 25, 1961, at the age of 42 at Mountainside Hospital (now Mountainside Medical Center) in Montclair, New Jersey and was buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery in nearby Newark. At the time of his death he was a resident of his hometown of Bloomfield and had a wife and two children.
# Crowder State Park

Crowder State Park is a public recreation area of 1,912 acres (774 ha) surrounding 18-acre (7.3 ha) Crowder Lake near Trenton in Grundy County, Missouri, USA. The state park and lake are named after Maj. General Enoch H. Crowder, who was born and raised near the park.

## Features

The Crowder State Park Vehicle Bridge, a small single-arch span of reinforced concrete with a facing of cut stone built about 1939, is the only surviving structure erected in the park by the Civilian Conservation Corps.$^{:91–95}$ It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## Activities and amenities

The park offers picnicking, camping, fishing, swimming, canoeing, and trails for hiking, cycling and horseback riding.
# Ahmadi Governorate

The Ahmadi Governorate is a governorate in southern Kuwait. It is the second most populated governorate in Kuwait, behind Farwaniya Governorate. Many oil and petroleum companies such as KOC and KNPC have their headquarters here.

## Districts

Ahmadi consists of the following districts:
Areas of Ahmadi Governorate :
| English | Arabic | Population | Notes/Landmarks |
| Abu Halifa | أبو حليفة | 29,870 | |
| Mina Abdulla | ميناء عبد الله | 24,415 | |
| Ahmadi | الأحمدي | 21,469 | Governorate seat. |
| Ali Sabah Al-Salem | علي صباح السالم | 42,173 | |
| Egaila | العقيلة | 13,579 | |
| Bar Al-Ahmadi | بر الأحمدي | 723 | Desert area of Al Ahmadi. |
| Bnaider | بنيدر | | |
| Dhaher | الظهر | 33,197 | |
| Fahaheel | الفحيحيل | 54,157 | |
| Fahad Al-Ahmad | فهد الأحمد | 17,096 | |
| Hadiya | هدية | 17,990 | |
| Jaber Al-Ali | جابر العلي | 38,868 | |
| Al-Julaia'a | الجليعة | | |
| Khairan | الخيران | 1,895 | |
| Mahboula | المهبولة | 77,988 | |
| Mangaf | المنقف | 73,378 | |
| Magwa | المقوع | 32 | |
| Wafra Residential | وفرة السكنية | 2,488 | |
| Al-Nuwaiseeb | النويصيب | 537 | |
| Riqqa | الرقة | 36,058 | |
| Sabah Al Ahmad | صباح الاحمد | | |
| Sabah Al Ahmad Sea City | مدينة صباح الأحمد البحرية | | |
| Sabahiya | الصباحية | 56,640 | |
| Shuaiba Industrial | الشعيبة | 26 | |
| South Sabahiya | جنوب الصباحية | 73 | |
| Wafra | الوفرة | 7,856 | |
| Zoor | الزور | 2,230 | |
| Fintas | الفنطاس | | |
| Al Shadadiya Industrial | الشدادية الصناعية | | |

## Government

Jabir Abdallah Jabir Abdallah II served as governor 1962–1985.