OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Theodore Skoutariotes

Theodore Skoutariotes (Latinized as Scutariotes; Greek: Θεόδωρος Σκουταριώτης; born c. 1230) was a Byzantine cleric and official during the reign of Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282).
Skoutariotes was born in the latter half of the mid. As a deacon, he served as epi ton deeseon (receiver of petitions) and was named as dikaiophylax in 1270. He served as Michael VIII's ambassador to the Pope in 1277, and was metropolitan bishop of Kyzikos from 1277 until he was deposed in 1282 by Andronikos II (because he supported Michael VIII's efforts at union between the Catholic and Orthodox churches). Skoutariotes owned a rich library and is known from the notes in his collection of manuscripts.
The German historian A. Heisenberg identified Skoutariotes with the anonymous author of the Synopsis Chronike, a chronicle preserved in the Marcian Library in Venice (Marc. gr. 407) which begins with the Creation and reaches to 1261. The chronicle is particularly valuable for its additions to the narrative of George Akropolites, which are of great importance for the history of 13th-century Byzantium. The first part of the chronicle uses the 7th-century history of John of Antioch, which in turn used the 4th-century chronicle of Ammianus Marcellinus.

## Sources

* Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1912–1913. ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
* Neville, Leonora (2018). Guide to Byzantine Historical Writing. Cambridge University Press. pp. 232–236. ISBN 978-1-107-03998-8.
* Zafeiris, Konstantinos (2011). "The issue of the authorship of the Synopsis Chronike and Theodore Skoutariotes". Revue des études byzantines. 69 (1): 253–263. doi:10.3406/rebyz.2011.4937.
* Bernard, Outtier; et al. (2019-12-09). Armenia between Byzantium and the Orient: Celebrating the Memory of Karen Yuzbashian (1927–2009). BRILL. pp. 230–580. ISBN 978-90-04-39774-3.
* This Byzantine biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Molecule (disambiguation)

A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Molecule, molecules, or molecular may also refer to:
* Molecules (journal)
* "Molecules", a song by Disclosure on their Caracal album
* "Molecules", a song by Hayley Kiyoko song on her Expectations album
* The Molecules, an American band
* Molecule (comics), a superhero in the DC Comics universe
* Molecular (game), a chemistry-themed strategy game from Inside The Box Board Games
* Molecular (Mutant X), a type of science-fiction character
# Renata Bianchi

Renata Bianchi (12 July 1926 – 7 February 1966) was an Italian gymnast. She competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# That's How You Know (Disney song)

"That's How You Know" is a musical number from the 2007 Disney film Enchanted, with music composed by Alan Menken and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz. It is performed by the film's lead actress, Amy Adams, and features the vocals of Marlon Saunders and other singers in the background chorus. The song appears on the soundtrack of Enchanted, which was released on November 20, 2007 in the United States.
Like the film, the song was written as an homage to and a self-parody of past Disney works, specifically such big production numbers as "Under the Sea" from The Little Mermaid and "Be Our Guest" from Beauty and the Beast, both also composed by Alan Menken.
Since its release, "That's How You Know" has been met with critical acclaim from critics and audiences alike, with many calling it the best number in the whole film. The song was nominated for Best Song at the 13th Critics' Choice Awards, Best Original Song at the 65th Golden Globe Awards, and at the 80th Academy Awards in the Best Original Song category, in which two other songs from the film were also nominated. It was also nominated at the 51st Grammy Awards in the category of Best Song Written for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media. In March 2023, the song was certified Gold by the RIAA.

## Context

In the film, the song is performed by Giselle. During their walk through Central Park, Giselle questions Robert's (Patrick Dempsey) view on love after finding out that he has been with his girlfriend, Nancy (Idina Menzel), for five years and has yet to propose to her. She spontaneously starts to sing in order to explain to him how he should show his affection for Nancy. As Giselle sings and dances through the park, she is joined by other people in the park including buskers, a steelband, elderly dancers, Bavarian dancers, a mariachi band, and rollerbladers. They follow her to Bethesda Fountain, where they finish the song. In addition to the aforementioned Disney numbers, "That's How You Know" is played out like big numbers from other musical films such as "Thank You Very Much" from Scrooge and Consider Yourself from Oliver! (the latter also featuring dances from various people including butchers and fishmongers before ending in a flashmob).

## Chart performance

| Chart (2008) | Peak position |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 3 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 99 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Anti-eyebrow

An anti-eyebrow is a facial piercing that is placed above the cheek bone or below the eyebrow. Normally it is done with a small surface bar. This piercing can be vertical or horizontal, depending on the person's preference. Though it is a surface piercing, with proper care, placement, and jewelry, it can be a viable long-term piercing. Long-term viability is best with proper surface bars, and significantly reduced when barbells, or curved barbells are used. Often reputable piercers will refuse to do surface piercings, instead preferring sub-dermal implants.
Anti-eyebrows are also known as upper cheek piercings, tears, and teardrops or butterfly kiss.
# Geohashing

Geohashing /ˈdʒiːoʊˌhæʃɪŋ/ is an outdoor recreational activity inspired by the webcomic xkcd, in which participants have to reach a random location (chosen by a computer algorithm), prove their achievement by taking a picture of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver or another mobile device and then tell the story of their trip online. Proof based on non-electronic navigation is also acceptable.
The geohashing community and culture is extremely tongue-in-cheek, supporting any kind of humorous behavior during the practice of geohashing and resulting in a parody of traditional outdoor activities. Navigating to a random point is sometimes done with a goal in mind. Some geohashers document new mapping features they find on the OpenStreetMap project, clean up litter, or create art to commemorate the trip, among other activities.
A variation on geocaching, known as geodashing, features a closely comparable principle, with participants racing between coordinate points.

## Invention and spread

On May 21, 2008, the 426th xkcd comic was published. Titled "Geohashing", it described a way for a computer to create an algorithm that could generate random Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates each day based on the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the current date. The algorithm was quickly seized by the xkcd community, which used it as intended by xkcd creator Randall Munroe.
Originally a stub where people willing to try the algorithm in real life were to issue their reports, the geohashing official wiki expanded in the following weeks and was a working website as early as June 2008. The current expedition protocol was then established during the following years, with the creation of humorous awards, regional meetups and a hall of amazingness for the various geohasher achievements.
Over time, geohashing gained fame across the internet and now counts more than 15,000 expedition reports. Over a thousand users are registered on the geohashing wiki, though not all are currently active. Geohashing has spread mostly in North America, Europe and Australia, especially around cities.

## Geohash

Geohashing divides the earth into a grid made up of graticules which are one degree wide in latitude and longitude. Inside these graticules, a random location is set. Geohashers then have the opportunity to go at the chosen location, either inside their own graticule or in a nearby one. If the location is inaccessible or in a private area, geohashers are advised not to try to reach it, although seemingly-inaccessible locations have been reached several times. In addition to the repeating location in each graticule, each day there is a single global hashpoint, much more challenging to reach.
# Paul Saleh

Paul N. Saleh is an American business executive having served as CEO of the Atos Group from January to July 2024, after serving as CFO for the same group. Previously was president and chief executive officer for Gainwell Technologies. Mr. Saleh is currently a board member of Anterix. Mr Saleh also served as board member of Citadel Broadcasting Corporation, American Football Coaches Foundation and Perspecta Inc. In May 2012 Mr. Saleh was named CSC's Chief Financial Officer (which became DXC Technology in 2017). In November 2010 Mr. Saleh was named Gannett's Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Saleh served as the chief financial officer (CFO) and executive vice president for Nextel Communications. He later served as interim chief executive officer (CEO) of Sprint Nextel Corporation in late 2007 and as the company's CFO from 2001 to 2008.

## Education and personal life

Saleh holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering, as well as an M.B.A., from the University of Michigan's Ross School of Business.

## Career

Before joining Nextel, Saleh served as senior vice president and treasurer for The Walt Disney Company from 1997 to 1999, and later became chief financial officer of Walt Disney International. Prior to Disney, he served as treasurer of Honeywell, where he spent 12 years in various leadership positions in finance, treasury, investor relations, strategic planning and operations. He served as executive vice president and CFO of Nextel Communications from September 2001 to August 2005, and he was appointed CFO of the combined company after Nextel's merger with Sprint. On October 8, 2007, he became the acting CEO of Sprint Nextel following Gary Forsee's resignation.

## Recognition

Institutional Investor Magazine named Saleh as the Best CFO in the telecom services wireless sector in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007. In June 2005, Treasury & Risk Management magazine included him among its list of the 100 Most Influential People in Finance. In 2003 and 2006, he received the Public Company CFO of the Year Award at the Greater Washington Technology CFO Awards.
# Philipp Daniel Merckle

Philipp Daniel Merckle (born 1 October 1966 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German heir and businessman. From 2005 to 2008 he has headed the pharmaceutical company Ratiopharm within the family group Merckle.

## Early life

Merckle is the son of Adolf and Ruth Merckle. After he graduated from high school, Merckle began business training, eventually earning a Bachelor of Arts degree as Betriebswirt. In 1998 he earned PhD in pharmaceutical studies at the University of Tübingen.

## Career

In 1999, he took over the research and development of pharmaceutical company Merckle / Ratiopharm.

## Public Appearances

As Ratiopharm chief Philip Merckle was featured in TV advertising with Karlheinz Böhm. At the Africa Foundation, he manages the company's policy of selling pills to African refugees for 1 cent each. In May 2007, he joined under one of his company initiated "Awakening Tour" together with Arved Fuchs and Mark Ehrenfried, during which he opined about economic policies he would like to see instituted in Europe.
# Ebore Canella

Ebore Canella (23 March 1913 – 5 July 1961) was an Italian gymnast. She competed in the women's artistic team all-around event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# William Bulkeley (merchant)

William Bulkeley was a Liverpool merchant, son of Thomas Bulkeley of Anglesey, who financed voyages for slave-trading, privateering, and the Greenland whale fishery. He was apprenticed to Foster Cunliffe, a merchant of Liverpool, in 1731. By 1750 he was prosperous enough to be one of the first pew-holders of St Thomas's Church, Liverpool.
Bulkeley was part of a consortium of Liverpool merchants who in 1744 invested in Old Noll which they put to work as a privateer.during the War of the Austrian Succession.
Between 1747 and 1756 he was part-owner of eleven slaving voyages. He also co-owned many other ventures, including from 1749 the ship Golden Lion, captured from the French on the last day of 1744, by HMS Port Mahon, (Hy. Aylmer Smith, commander), which was then used as a privateer. Bulkeley and his partner bought her in 1749, and fitted her out for a new career as a Greenland whaler, the first such ship from Liverpool. Under Captain Metcalf she made at least two successful voyages to Greenland. Bulkeley had other interests; he also bought and sold large amounts of tobacco.
# Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage

The Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage was a leading group for women's rights in Scotland. It was one of the first three suffrage societies to be formed in Britain.

## History

The Edinburgh Ladies' Emancipation Society was at one time the focus for women's rights in Edinburgh. This came to an end when Eliza Wigham, Jane Wigham and some of their friends set up the Edinburgh chapter of the National Society for Women's Suffrage on 6 November 1867. Eliza and her friend Agnes McLaren became the secretaries, Priscilla Bright McLaren was the president and Elizabeth Pease was the treasurer. One aim of the group was to influence a change in policy through supportive key politicians (MPs) John Stuart Mill, Jacob Bright and Duncan McLaren.
In 1868, Mary Burton, a member of the Society, went to court, unsuccessfully, for the right to register to vote.
By 1877, Eliza Wigham was still the secretary but she was sharing the role with Emily Rosaline Orme.
Jessie C. Methven became honorary secretary in the mid 1890s. She was succeeded in 1906 by Elsie Inglis. Inglis also played a role in the early years of the Scottish Federation of Women's Suffrage Societies, acting as honorary secretary from 1906 to 1914.
Sarah Mair, who was a leading activist for various causes including the Edinburgh Ladies' Educational Association, became president of the society in 1907. Suffragette sisters and hunger strikers Arabella and Muriel Scott joined whilst students at the University of Edinburgh (before 1908).
The organisation campaigned until (some) women got the right to vote in 1918, then renamed as the National Union of Women for Equal Citizenship went on to fight for women's issues.
# San Quentin, California

San Quentin (Spanish: San Quintín, meaning "St. Quentin") is a small unincorporated community in Marin County, California, United States. It is located west of Point San Quentin, at an elevation of 30 feet (9.1 meters).

## Description

San Quentin is adjacent to San Quentin State Prison, located just east of the prison, it is also known as San Quentin Village or Point San Quentin Village. It has 40 single-family houses and a condominium complex with ten units, and its population is about 100.
The town was originally housing for the prison's employees and their families. Before California's effective moratorium on the death penalty in 2006, San Quentin was the only place in the state where prisoners were executed. Residents would rent their driveways to media vans during these controversial executions. Many death penalty abolitionists would also appear and demonstrate against the practice. This garnered much media attention.

## Government and infrastructure

The United States Postal Service operates the San Quentin Post Office. A post office operated at San Quentin for a time in 1859, and from 1862. The Tamal post office is a substation of the San Quentin post office.
In the state legislature, San Quentin is in the 3rd Senate District, and in the 6th Assembly District.
Federally, San Quentin is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.
The village is served by Golden Gate Transit route 40 between Richmond and El Cerrito del Norte BART stations across the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge in Contra Costa County and San Rafael Transit Center in downtown San Rafael. The community is in ZIP code 94964 and area codes 415 and 628. Prior to the opening of the Richmond–San Rafael Bridge, the Richmond–San Rafael Ferry Company operated car ferries between here and Castro Point in Richmond.

## Notable people

* Duster Mails was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Brooklyn Robins, Cleveland Indians and St. Louis Cardinals.
# School Success and Opportunity Act

The School Success and Opportunity Act (Assembly Bill 1266), is a California state law which extends gender identity and gender expression discrimination protection to transgender and gender-nonconforming K-12 students in public schools.

## Provisions and enactment

The bill "requires that a pupil be permitted to participate in sex-segregated school programs, activities, including athletic teams and competitions, and use facilities consistent with his or her gender identity, irrespective of the gender listed on the pupil's records."
The bill was introduced by Assemblyman Tom Ammiano. It passed the California State Legislature in July 2013 and was signed into law by Governor Jerry Brown in August 2013. The legislation went into effect on January 1, 2014. The bill was opposed by the California Catholic Conference, which viewed the law as unnecessary.

## Opposition and failed repeal effort

The "Privacy for All Students" coalition, a conservative group opposed to the legislation, sought to place a referendum on the ballot to overturn the law. Secretary of State of California Debra Bowen determined that the threshold of votes necessary to force the referendum had not been reached because 5,000 petition signatures from Mono and Tulare counties had not been submitted by a November 10, 2013 deadline. The conservative legal group Pacific Justice Institute, representing opponents of AB 1266, challenged Bowen's decision in court, and in January 2015, Judge Allen Sumner of the Sacramento County Superior Court ordered Bowen to accept the signatures, ruling that submission of the signatures on November 12 was timely because the previous two days were a Sunday and a holiday. Judge Sumner wrote: "Ever since the voters enacted the referendum power in 1911, courts have liberally construed its provisions to protect the voters' power. The fact the deadline for submitting petitions falls on a weekend preceding a holiday, or the county registrar closes at noon on Friday, should not prevent Petitioner from having her petition signatures accepted."
In February 2014, the effort to repeal A.B. 1266 failed after it fell "about 17,000 signatures short of the 504,760 valid names needed to go before voters."
# Mike Abene

Michael Abene (born July 2, 1942) is an American jazz pianist known for accompanying singers and arranging music.

## Early life and education

Abene was born in Brooklyn, New York. His father, grandfather, and aunt were musicians. He studied composition at the Manhattan School of Music.

## Career

Abene has accompanied Susannah McCorkle Julius La Rosa, and others. He had his first solo album Solo Piano in 1986. Abene co-produced the album Avant Gershwin, which won the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album in 2007.

## Discography
### As leader

1986: You Must Have Been a Beautiful Baby (recorded December 1984)

### As sideman

With Maynard Ferguson
* Maynard '62 (Roulette, 1962)
* Si! Si! M.F. (Roulette, 1962)
* Maynard '63 (Roulette, 1962)
* Message from Maynard (Roulette, 1962)
* Maynard '64 (Roulette 1959-62 [1963])
* The New Sounds of Maynard Ferguson (Cameo, 1963)
* Come Blow Your Horn (Cameo, 1963)
* Color Him Wild (Mainstream, 1965)
* The Blues Roar (Mainstream, 1965)
* The Maynard Ferguson Sextet (Mainstream, 1965)
* Ridin' High (Enterprise, 1967)
With Dizzy Gillespie
* Cornucopia (Solid State, 1969)
With Urbie Green
* The Fox (CTI, 1976)
With Cal Tjader
* Solar Heat (Skye, 1968)
# WiFi-Where

WiFi-Where was a tool that facilitated Wardriving and detection of wireless LANs using the 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g WLAN standards. Versions existed for the operating systems iOS and Palm OS. Originally created in June 2004 for the Palm OS by Jonathan Hays of Hazelware Software, the IP for WiFi-Where was licensed to 3Jacks Software in 2009. An iPhone version of the application was released in January 2010, but was pulled from the App Store by Apple in March 2010. The app was frequently listed as a common tool to facilitate Wardriving As of 2010, it is still available in the Jailbroken Cydia store.

## App store removal

WiFi-Where was one of many applications that were suddenly purged by Apple in March 2010. Apple never commented publicly on the reasons why other than that they accessed 'private frameworks.' This removal of an entire category of software from the App Store pushed Wardriving software to other platforms such as Android and Windows.

## Uses

The program was commonly used for:
* Verifying network configurations
* Finding locations with poor coverage in a WLAN
* Detecting causes of wireless interference
* Detecting unauthorized (rogue) access points
* Wardriving

## Features

Some of the unique features that the program implemented were:
* Continuous scanning mode
* GPS logging (when a device supports it)
* Email scan results
* Email attachments (OS 3.0 only) in NetStumbler .ns1, CSV, or Google Earth KML formats
* Option to filter hotspots by signal strength and location accuracy
* Displays detailed information about each network, including name/SSID, signal strength, raw RSSI value, security and authentication modes (WEP/WPA/WPA2), location, MAC address
* Save passwords for secure networks
* Upload hotspots to popular wardriving website Wigle.net