# Peter F. Causey

Peter Foster Causey (January 11, 1801 – February 15, 1871) was an American merchant and politician from Milford, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the American Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as Governor of Delaware.

## Early life and family

Causey was born in Bridgeville, Delaware, son of Peter T. and Tamzey Causey. His family lived in Easton, Maryland for a time, but returned to Delaware in 1815, settling on North Walnut Street in Milford. He married Maria Williams and they had six children, William F., Maria E., Sally Maria, Peter Foster, Jr., John W., and Robert H. In 1850 they bought the old Levin Crapper mansion, former home of Governor Daniel Rogers. It was subsequently known as the Causey Mansion. The Causey family owned a large flour mill and were successful merchants, taking advantage of the many business opportunities in Milford at the time. They were members of the First Methodist Church in Milford.

## Professional and political career

In the shifting political combinations of the time, Causey began his career as a progressive Jacksonian Democrat, and was elected to the state house in the 1831 session and the 1832/33 session. As the Democrats lost their progressive agenda, and with the collapse of the Whig Party, most of the energy in opposition to the increasingly conservative Democrats came from the Temperance movement. In 1850 a Temperance candidate was almost elected, and in 1854 Causey signed on as their candidate under the aegis of the American Party. This was an unusual combination of various causes that in Delaware was headed by prohibition. He was elected Governor of Delaware in 1854, defeating William Burton, the Democratic candidate and served from January 16, 1855 until January 18, 1859.
Along with Causey several "Know-Nothings", as they were known, were elected to the General Assembly. Proceeding with their Prohibition agenda, they passed legislation that went fully into effect by December 1855. By Election Day 1856, the effects of this legislation were detested enough by the voters that they replaced nearly all the "Know-Nothings" with Democrats, and leaving Causey two years to govern with a strong Democratic opposition in the General Assembly. Needless to say, the repeal of the prohibition laws was foremost on their agenda.
Other than the prohibition matter the most important issue in Delaware at the time was the completion of the Delaware Railroad. By September 1855 it was complete to Middletown, and by January 1857 all the way to Delmar. On the other side of the ledger, by 1861 Delaware College was forced to close due to a lack of funds, aggravated by a brutal unsolved murder on the campus.
A true reformer, Causey hammered the General Assembly on all the same issues his predecessors had been speaking about for years.
   The existing public schools, he said, were dilapidated and the teachers untrained. Public education has been the theme of much debate in our legislative halls for years, he remarked, and yet each succeeding session has ended in little or no alteration for the better. The tiny school districts run by committees elected by the residents most hostile to taxation simply were not working. Furthermore, the insane, more than any other portion of our community, were dependent upon our care and protection.
Delaware General Assembly (sessions while Governor) :
| Year | Assembly | Senate Majority | Speaker | House Majority | Speaker |
| 1855–1856 | 68th | American | Daniel Curry | American | Samuel Biddle |
| 1857–1858 | 69th | Democratic | Abraham Boyce | Democratic | George W. Cummins |

## Death and legacy

Causey died at Milford and is buried there at the Christ Episcopal Churchyard. One of the properties he owned at Milford, the Mill House, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Almanac

Elections were held the first Tuesday in October until 1831, and since they have been held on the first Tuesday after November 1. Members of the Delaware General Assembly took office in the first Tuesday of January. State representatives have a term of two years. The governor takes office the third Tuesday in January, and has a four-year term.
Public Offices :
| Office | Type | Location | Began office | Ended office |
| State Representative | Legislature | Dover | January 6, 1832 | January 6, 1833 |
| State Representative | Legislature | Dover | January 6, 1833 | January 6, 1835 |
| Governor | Executive | Dover | January 16, 1855 | January 18, 1859 |
Delaware General Assembly service :
| Dates | Assembly | Chamber | Majority | Governor | Committees | District |
| 1832 | 56th | State House | National Republican | David Hazzard | | Kent at-large |
| 1833–1834 | 57th | State House | Whig | Caleb Bennett | | Kent at-large |
Election results :
| Year | Office | Subject | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |
| 1846 | Governor | Peter F. Causey | Whig | 6,012 | 49% | William Tharp | Democratic | 6,148 | 51% |
| 1850 | Governor | Peter F. Causey | Independent | 5,978 | 48% | William H. H. Ross | Democratic | 6,001 | 48% |
| 1854 | Governor | Peter F. Causey | American | 6,941 | 53% | William Burton | Democratic | 6,244 | 47% |