OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of New York state symbols

This is a list of symbols of the state of New York in the United States. The majority of the state symbols are officially listed in the New York Consolidated Laws in Article 6, Sections 70 through 87. The symbols are recognized by these laws and were signed into law by the governor of New York.
The oldest symbols, the state flag and the state arms, were adopted in 1778. The most recent addition to the list, yogurt, was added in 2014. The origin of the state motto dates back to 1784. During a tour of the state's harbors, waterways, and fertile interior, George Washington referred to New York as the "Seat of Empire". The term "The Big Apple" was coined by jazz musicians of the 1930s who used the slang expression "apple" when referring to any city.
The state insect took nine years to become official. In 1980, fifth grader Kristina Savoca sent a letter – along with a petition bearing 152 signatures – to New York State Assemblyman Robert C. Wertz, urging him to introduce legislation designating the lady beetle as the official state insect. The proposal languished for a number of years, passing in the Assembly but not being considered in the Senate. Approval finally came in 1989, after Cornell University entomologists suggested that Wertz propose the nine-spotted lady beetle (Coccinella novemnotata, sometimes abbreviated to C-9) as the state insect because it was a native lady beetle.

## Insignia

| Type | Symbol | Year |
| Flag | Flag of New York | 1778 |
| Seal | Seal of New York | 1778 |
| Coat of arms | The Coat of arms of New York | |
| Motto | Excelsior (Ever upward) | 1784 |
| Nickname | The Empire State | 1784 |
| Slogan | "I Love New York" (official) | 1977 |

## Flora and fauna

| Type | Symbol | Year |
| Butterfly | Red-spotted purple/white admiral Limenitis arthemis | 2008 |
| Bird | Eastern bluebird Sialia sialis | 1970 |
| Dog | Working dog | 2015 |
| Mammal | North American beaver Castor canadensis | 1975 |
| Reptile | Snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina | 2006 |
| Freshwater fish | Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis | 1975 |
| Salt water fish | Striped bass Morone saxatilis | 2006 |
| Insect | Nine-spotted ladybug Coccinella novemnotata | 1989 |
| Tree | Sugar maple Acer saccharum | 1956 |
| Bush | Lilac bush Syringa vulgaris | 2006 |
| Flower | Rose | 1955 |

## Geology

| Type | Symbol | Year |
| Gemstone | Garnet | 1969 |
| Fossil | Sea scorpion Eurypterus remipes | 1984 |
| Shell | Scallop Argopecten irradians | 1988 |

## Culture

| Type | Symbol | Year |
| Beverage | Milk | 1981 |
| Fruit | Apple | 1976 |
| Muffin | Apple muffin | 1987 |
| Snack | Yogurt | 2014 |
# Gnonsiane Niombla

Gnonsiane Niombla (born 9 July 1990) is a French female handball player for CS Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud and the French national team.
On 1 December 2016, Niombla was awarded the rank of Chevalier (knight) of the French National Order of Merit.

## Honours

* Olympic Games:
** Silver Medalist: 2016
* World Championship:
** Gold Medalist: 2017
* European Championship:
** Bronze Medalist: 2016
* European Youth Championship:
** Winner: 2007
* Romanian Championship:
** Winner: 2017, 2018
* Romanian Cup:
** Winner: 2017, 2018
* Romanian Supercup:
** Winner: 2016, 2017
* French Championship:
** Winner: 2015
** Silver Medalist: 2013
* French Cup:
** Winner: 2014
* French League Cup:
** Winner: 2015, 2016
** Finalist: 2014
* EHF Cup Winners' Cup:
** Finalist: 2015
* EHF Champions League:
** Bronze Medalist: 2017, 2018
# Dick Taylor

Richard Clifford Taylor (born 28 January 1943) is an English musician, best known as the guitarist and founder of the Pretty Things. Taylor was also a founding member of the Rolling Stones, playing guitar and bass guitar, but left the band to resume his studies at Sidcup Art College. While there he formed the Pretty Things in September 1963 which he played with until the band's retirement in 2018. As of 2024, he plays lead guitar for the band the Hillmans.

## Career

Taylor was born in Livingstone Hospital, Dartford, and attended Dartford Grammar School. In July 1962, while he was at Sidcup Art College, the Rolling Stones was formed when Taylor, Mick Jagger and Keith Richards' three-piece group Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys joined Brian Jones and Ian Stewart's Rollin' Stones. Initially, Taylor played lead guitar in the band, but switched to bass to accommodate Jones. That November, Taylor left to return to art college. Taylor never recorded with the Rolling Stones, whose debut single was issued in June 1963.
In 1963, Taylor formed the Pretty Things with vocalist Phil May, and once again played his preferred guitar position. He left the Pretty Things in 1969, after the release of their concept album S.F. Sorrow. The band released a few more albums without Taylor and disbanded in 1976, but regrouped with Taylor in 1979 to release Cross Talk. Taylor remained with the Pretty Things until they broke up in 2018.
In addition to his work with the Pretty Things, Taylor co-produced Hawkwind's debut album, on which he also played guitar, as well as Cochise's first album and Skin Alley's first album. His contribution to punk rock was a recording by Auntie Pus. During the second half of the 1980s, Taylor played guitar with the English post-punk band the Mekons. He recorded with Andre Williams in Chicago for George Paulus' St. George Records.
As of 2024, he plays lead guitar with a band called the Hillmans (the lead singer of the Hilllmans is Tony Minx, and the 'Hillmans' is a reference to the Hillman Minx).

## Personal life

Taylor married his wife Melissa in Fulham on 14 June 1969.
As of 2017 he lived on the Isle of Wight, England.
# Lípa nad Orlicí

Lípa nad Orlicí is a municipality and village in Rychnov nad Kněžnou District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Lípa nad Orlicí consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Lípa nad Orlicí (526)
* Dlouhá Louka (52)

## History

The first written mention of Lípa nad Orlicí is from 1396.
# James Campbell (Queensland politician)

James Campbell (28 October 1838 – 13 September 1925) was a politician in Queensland, Australia. He was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Early life

The son of Hugh Campbell and Helen (née Fraser), Campbell was born in Newtown Cook's River, New South Wales. He became a butcher and grazier. With his wife, Sarah Ann Lovell (married 1866, died 1935), Campbell had four sons and seven daughters.

## Politics

Campbell was mayor of the Town of Toowoomba in 1882. His brother, Charles Campbell was also the town's mayor in 1886 and a member of the Queensland Legislative Council.
James Campbell represented Aubigny in the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 4 March 1884 to 29 April 1893.

## Later life

Campbell died 13 September 1925 and was buried in Toowong Cemetery.
# Paralleloneurum

Paralleloneurum is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is closely related to the genera Thinophilus and Nanothinophilus.

## Species

* Paralleloneurum cilifemoratum Becker, 1902 – Egypt, Taiwan, Calcutta, Bengal
* Paralleloneurum pygmaeum De Meijere, 1916 – Indonesia: Java
# Kenichi Suzuki (wrestler)

Kenichi Suzuki (鈴木 賢一, Suzuki Ken'ichi, born 16 February 1969) is a Japanese wrestler. He competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Eight Songs for Greg Sage and the Wipers

Eight Songs for Greg Sage and the Wipers is a Wipers tribute album released on Tim/Kerr in 1992. The album was first released as a box set of 4 colored 7-inch records in a run of 10,000. It helped to raise the profile of the independent label.
Nirvana recorded their cover of "Return of the Rat" after Geffen had reservations about including the band's cover of "D-7". Hole recorded a cover of "Over the Edge".
Fourteen Songs for Greg Sage and the Wipers is the CD re-release of the album, expanded to include additional artist covers.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Phoenix New Times praised "Up Front", calling it a "killer cut ... and a real firebomb of pure punk." Vulture listed "Return of the Rat" as Nirvana's 55th best song (out of 72), writing: "Furious and loose, this is an incredibly faithful take on Sage’s version with just a little bit of its desperate, quivering edge lost in the process."

## Track listings
### Original Eight Song track listing

* "Potential Suicide" (Napalm Beach)
* "Astro Cloud" (M99)
* "Return of the Rat" (Nirvana)
* "Up Front" (Poison Idea)
* "On the Run" (Dharma Bums)
* "I Don't Know What I Am/Mystery" (Crackerbash)
* "Over the Edge" (Hole)
* "Land of the Lost" (Whirlees)

### Fourteen Song re-release

* "Potential Suicide" (Napalm Beach)
* "Astro Cloud" (M99)
* "Return of the Rat" (Nirvana)
* "Up Front" (Poison Idea)
* "On the Run" (Dharma Bums)
* "I Don't Know What I Am/Mystery" (Crackerbash)
* "Over the Edge" (Hole)
* "Land of the Lost" (Whirlees)
* "Telepathic Love" (Nation of Ulysses)
* "No One Wants an Alien" (Honey)
* "Tragedy" (Hazel)
* "Alien Boy" (Calamity Jane)
* "Soul's Tongue" (Saliva Tree)
* "Pushing the Extreme" (Thurston Moore and Keith Nealy)
# Colwell Cut Viaduct

Colwell Cut Viaduct, also known as Hogback Hill Bridge, is a historic concrete arch bridge located at Mahoning Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1922, and is a 220-foot-long (67 m) three-span bridge, with a 128-foot-long (39 m) main span. It crosses the Pittsburg and Shawmut Railroad.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
# Sam Humphries

Sam Humphries (born March 16, 1977) is an American comic book writer located in London. Between 2018 and 2020, he co-hosted DC Daily on the DC Universe streaming platform.

## Early life

Humphries was born in Annapolis, Maryland and grew up in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

## Career

Humphries began his career in the early 2000s as a Consulting Editor for Gutsoon! Entertainment and, as part of his duties to "monitor the chatter" around the American comic book industry, joined the Warren Ellis Forum where he got acquainted with several professional and aspiring comic book creators. After the dissolution of Gutsoon!, Humphries went on to work at MySpace, where he developed several projects including the network's comics section and its most popular feature, MySpace Dark Horse Presents, the digital revival of Dark Horse's signature anthology series that had been canceled several years prior. Between 2010 and 2011, Humpries was a co-host on Meltcast, the official podcast of the comic book store Meltdown Comics.
Humphries made his debut as a writer in 2010, contributing short stories to Fraggle Rock and a CBGB-themed anthology published by Boom! Studios. In 2011, he self-published Our Love is Real, a sci-fi sex satire that brought him to the attention of comic book publishers. The following year, he was hired by Marvel to write an adaptation of John Carter: The Gods of Mars and take over the scripting duties of Ultimate Comics: The Ultimates after the departure of Jonathan Hickman. During his run on The Ultimates, Humphires wrote the storyline involving Captain America becoming the President of the United States, which received nation-wide coverage in the news. In 2013, he launched the second volume of Uncanny X-Force and wrote an Age of Ultron spin-off series, Avengers A.I.. After signing an exclusive contract with Marvel, Humphries worked on Legendary Star-Lord, one of the Guardians of the Galaxy spin-off series launched in anticipation of the 2014 film, and developed the multi-title crossover storyline "The Black Vortex". In 2016, Humphries joined DC Comics, launching Green Lanterns as part of the company's DC Rebirth initiative. In 2018, he took over Harley Quinn, staying on the title for the next two years. That same year, it was announced Humphries would resurrect the Silver Age title Dial H for Hero for Wonder Comics, DC's "pop-up" imprint curated by Brian Michael Bendis.
Humphries' creator-owned comics include his second self-published series Sacrifice with Dalton Rose, Jonesy with Caitlin Rose Boyle, published by Boom! Studios, and Blackbird with Jen Bartel, published by Image.
In addition to his work in comics, Humphries was a contributing writer for several comics-oriented websites such as Artbomb, Comic Book Resources and ComicsAlliance. In 2014, he co-wrote the mobile fighting game Marvel Contest of Champions, developed by Kabam.

## Personal life

Humphries has epilepsy.
# Kuştul Monastery

Kuştul Monastery (Greek: Ιερά Μονή του Αγίου Γεωργίου Περιστερεώτα, Turkish: Kuştul Manastırı) was a Greek Orthodox monastery, located near Şimşirli village, Maçka district, Trabzon Province, Turkey. The native name is sometimes also shortened to Peristera.
Founded in 752 CE at 30 km southeast of Trabzon, it underwent restoration after it was damaged in a fire in 1906. The monastery's Greek name is Saint George Peristereotas. The name was derived from the monk Peristereotis (peristeri meaning pigeon in Greek).
Legend has it that a flock of pigeons descended from the forests of Sourmena and guided three monks who were carrying the icon of Saint George to the place where the monastery was built. During its heyday the monastery consisted of 187 rooms/cells and a large library which housed over 7000 volumes of works. In 1203 and after 450 years of continuous use, the monastery was depopulated and for two centuries no monk lived within it. The monastery was abandoned after it was sacked by raiders.
In 1398 permission was granted by the Emperor of Trebizond, Manuel III for the monastery to reopen. Its abbots were then Theophanes of Lazia (1393-1426), Barnabas of Lazia (1426–49) and Methodios of Sourmaina (from 1449). In 1462 the monastery was partly destroyed when robbers and looters stole many of its heirlooms. Many of its possessions were also lost in the fires of 1483. In 1501 the monastery was placed under the immediate jurisdiction (stauropegic) of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, and remained so until its abandonment.
The monastery closed on January 17, 1923, when the monks and other Greek residents were expelled to Greece. A monastery with the same name was inaugurated on June 16, 1978, in Naousa, Imathia, which is where the monks of Kuştul Monastery are buried.
The monastery is abandoned and only the base of the church survives today.
# Atlantic spiny rat

The Atlantic spiny rats are all found in the genus Trinomys. They are a group of South American spiny-rats in the family Echimyidae.

## Extant species of Trinomys

Based on Natureserve.
| Trinomys albispinus | White-spined Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys dimidiatus | Soft-spined Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys eliasi | Elias's Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys gratiosus | Gracile Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys iheringi | Ihering's Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys mirapitanga | Dark-caped Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys moojeni | Moojen's Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys myosuros | Mouse-tailed Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys paratus | Spiked Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys setosus | Hairy Atlantic spiny rat |
| Trinomys yonenagae | Yonenaga's Atlantic spiny rat |
The species of spiny rats in the genus Trinomys are apparently all Brazilian. In particular many of them are endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. Not much is known for certain about their ranges however, which still are being investigated, with frequent extensions to the recorded distributions of several species in various ecological classes of forest and dry land. They do not however appear to occur at high altitudes, and several of their ranges appear to be parapatric. Most species of Trinomys are terrestrial and ambulatory, though Trinomys yonenagae is unusual that it is semi-fossorial, living in colonial burrows, and exhibits incipient specializations for saltatorial locomotion.

## Phylogeny
### Genus level

Trinomys is the sister genus to the fossorial genera Clyomys and Euryzygomatomys. In turn, these three genera — forming the clade of Euryzygomatomyinae — share phylogenetic affinities with a clade containing Carterodon and members of the family Capromyidae.
Cladogram of the Euryzygomatomyinae with their relationship to Carterodon and Capromyidae. :
| Octodontoidea  Euryzygomatomyinae    Trinomys (Atlantic spiny rats)    Clyomys  Euryzygomatomys (guiaras)  Carterodon (Owl's spiny rat) Capromyidae  Plagiodontini   Plagiodontia  Capromyini   Geocapromys      Capromys (Desmarest's hutia)    Mesocapromys  Mysateles | Fossorial genera |
The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters. :
# Lieutenant-general (Canada)

Lieutenant-general (LGen; French: lieutenant-général [Lgén]) is a Canadian Forces rank used by commissioned officers of the Canadian Army or Royal Canadian Air Force. Vice-admiral is the equivalent rank in the Royal Canadian Navy.
A lieutenant-general is a general officer, senior to a major general or rear-admiral, and junior to a general or admiral. Prior to the 1968 unification of the Canadian Forces, Royal Canadian Air Force officers held the equivalent rank of air marshal.

## Insignia

The rank insignia for a lieutenant-general in the Royal Canadian Air Force is a wide braid below two narrow braid on the cuff, as well as three silver maple leaves, beneath crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, worn on the shoulder straps of the service dress tunic. In the Canadian Army, the rank insignia is a wide braid on the cuff, as well as three gold maple leaves, beneath crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, worn on the shoulder straps of the service dress tunic. The rank is also worn on slip-ons on other uniforms. On the visor of the service cap are two rows of gold oak leaves.
* Army uniform variations
* Dress uniform tunic - shoulder and sleeve
* CADPAT uniform
* Arid-region CADPAT uniform
* Insignia used from 2013 to 2016 on uniform shirts
* Olive green uniform (no longer in use)
* Air Force uniform variations
* Dress uniform tunic - shoulder and sleeve
* Uniform shirts (old insignia)
* CADPAT uniform

## Forms of address

Lieutenant-generals may be addressed verbally as general [name], as are all general officer ranks; thereafter by subordinates as sir or ma'am, as applicable. In French, subordinates thereafter use the expression général. Lieutenant-generals are normally entitled to staff cars.

## Appointments

Lieutenant-generals usually hold senior command or administrative appointments. Appointments held by lieutenant-generals may include vice chief of the Defence Staff (VCDS); Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (DCDS); commander of the Canadian Army and commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force.
In November 2009, King Charles III became an honorary lieutenant-general of the Canadian Forces.
In June 2015, Second World War veteran Richard Rohmer was promoted to the rank of honorary lieutenant-general in his capacity as honorary advisor to the Chief of the Defence Staff.
# Comer Bridge

The B. B. Comer Bridge, was a two-lane, 2,143-foot (653 m) long, Warren truss bridge spanning the Tennessee River along Alabama State Route 35 in Scottsboro, Alabama. The bridge was named after Alabama governor Braxton Bragg Comer, who served from 1907 to 1911. The Kansas City Bridge Company constructed the bridge for the Alabama State Bridge Corporation. Its construction commenced in 1929 and was complete by 1931. As of 2013, this was the only remaining bridge of the 15 memorial toll bridges constructed by the Alabama State Bridge Corporation.
By 2007, the ageing structure was classified by the Alabama Department of Transportation as being a structurally deficient bridge with an overall rating of 7.7 out of 100. replacement bridge construction commenced in October 2007 and is expected to be completed in late 2015. As of April 2016, the replacement is several months away from completion. The Comer Bridge was scheduled to be demolished in 2015 although preservation efforts are underway and the Comer Bridge Foundation has been organized. In April 2013, the bridge was named one of the top ten "Top Rated Unique Savable Structures" by BridgeHunter.com. On October 31, 2013, the B. B. Comer Bridge was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage. On April 29, 2016, the bridge closed to all traffic with the opening of the new bridge. Crews began removing the road deck immediately after closure. Demolition of the original span began in June 2016 and was completed in July. A pyramid-shaped sculpture built from the steel of the north entrance of the bridge was installed at Scottsboro High School in May 2018 as a monument to the bridge.
# Kastelle Priory

Kastelle Priory (Norwegian: Kastelle kloster; Swedish: Kastelleklostret) was an Augustinian monastery at Konghelle in the former Norwegian province of Båhuslen (now Kungälv in Bohuslän, Sweden).

## History

The monastery existed from the end of the 12th century until its dissolution during the Protestant Reformation in 1529. It was founded by Archbishop Øystein Erlendsson and completely built by the mid-13th century. The monastery was under the authority of the Archdiocese of Nidaros but also had a close relationship with Æbelholt Abbey at Tjæreby in Denmark.
King Frederick I of Denmark acquired the monastery in 1529 and gave it to Jørgen Steenssøn. The ruins of the monastery have been archaeologically investigated. During excavations by Swedish archaeologist Wilhelm Berg (1891–1892), the remains of the monastery were discovered. This and subsequent excavation results suggest that the major construction work was performed by the mid 13th century.
# Royce de Rohan Barondes

Royce de Rohan Barondes is a scholar in the field of business law at the University of Missouri School of Law, where he primarily teaches Business Organizations, Contracts and Firearms Law.

## Life and career

Barondes received both his Bachelor of Science (SB) and Master of Science (SM) in 1982 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and his J.D. degree from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1985. While an undergraduate at MIT, Barondes cofounded the Rho Alpha chapter of Zeta Psi fraternity.
He practiced law for several years on his own and at Cravath, Swaine & Moore in New York City
Barondes taught law in the business schools of the University of Georgia and Louisiana State University
In 2002 he joined the University of Missouri faculty.

## Publications
### Academic journals

* Fiduciary Duties in Distressed Corporations: Second-Generation Issues, 1 JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY LAW 371 (2007).
* Correcting the Empirical Foundations of IPO-Pricing Regulation, 33 FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW 437 (2005).
* Should Antitrust Education be Mandatory (for Law School Administrators)? (with Thomas A. Lambert), 38 U.C. DAVIS LAW REVIEW 1299 (2005).
* NASD Regulation of IPO Conflicts of Interest - Does Gatekeeping Work?, 79 TULANE LAW REVIEW 859 (2005).
* An Alternative Paradigm for Valuing Breach of Registration Rights and Loss of Liquidity, 39 UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND LAW REVIEW 627 (2005).
* Examining Compliance with Fiduciary Duties: A Study of Real Estate Agents (with V. Carlos Slawson Jr.), 84 OREGON LAW REVIEW 681 (2005).
* Rejecting the Marie Antoinette Paradigm of Prejudgment Interest, 43 BRANDEIS LAW JOURNAL 1 (2004).

### Professional journals

* Underwriters' Counsel as Gatekeeper or Turnstile: An Empirical Analysis of Law Firm Prestige and Performance in IPOs, with Charles Nyce and Gary C. Sanger, 2 CAPITAL MARKETS LAW JOURNAL 164 (2007).
# Irja Lipasti

Irja Salli Maria Sarnama (born Lipasti 27 September 1905 – 18 April 2000) was a Finnish sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metres relay, High Jump and javelin throw at the 1936 Summer Olympics. She also competed in the 1938 European Championships as Finland's first female representative to that event. She set the Finnish record for the high jump in 1933 at 1.50m. Her record lasted until 1951.
Under the name Irja Sarnama, she continued to excel into Masters athletics, setting numerous world records across a variety of disciplines; sprints, jumps and throws.