# Buckley, Washington

Buckley is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States, founded in 1882. The population was 5,114 at the 2020 census. Buckley sits below Mount Rainier and is well known for hosting the annual Log Show.

## Geography

Buckley is located near the communities of Enumclaw, Bonney Lake, and Wilkeson.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.95 square miles (10.23 km$^2$), of which, 3.87 square miles (10.02 km$^2$) is land and 0.08 square miles (0.21 km$^2$) is water.

### Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Buckley has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 4,354 people, 1,591 households, and 1,049 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,125.1 inhabitants per square mile (434.4/km$^2$). There were 1,669 housing units at an average density of 431.3 per square mile (166.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 93.0% White, 0.6% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.2% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of the population. By 2014, the city's population remained 93.0% White, and a combined 3.0% Hispanic or Latino.
There were 1,591 households, of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.1% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.00.
The median age in the city was 39.9 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 30% were from 45 to 64; and 13% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.3% male and 49.7% female. Males remained the dominant gender still in 2014 with a recorded total of 2,191 men and 2,163 women.

### 2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 4,145 people, 1,396 households, and 995 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,072.7 people per square mile (414.6/km$^2$). There were 1,472 housing units at an average density of 380.9 per square mile (147.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 93.78% White, 0.63% African American, 1.13% Native American, 0.77% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 0.55% from other races, and 2.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.81% of the population.
There were 1,396 households, out of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.12.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $49,453, and the median income for a family was $54,900. Males had a median income of $43,409 versus $29,688 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,744. About 3.6% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.

## History

* 1856 Decisive battle of the Puget Sound War fought at Connell's Prairie, 6 miles (10 km) west of Buckley. It was significant because it boosted the morale of the settlers because it was such a great victory with no casualties to the regulars or volunteers.
* 1875
** Coal discovered at Wilkeson
** Jeremiah 'Jerry' Stilley, first permanent non-Indian resident, settled West of town.
* 1877 Railroad built from Tacoma to Wilkeson to transport coal.
* 1882 Town named "Perkin's Prairie"
* 1884 Northern Pacific built railroad spur track from Cascade Junction (between South Prairie and Buckley) to Perkin's Prairie. Town given name "White River Siding" by railroad men.
* 1885 Town's first store erected by "Dad" Chamberlain.
* 1887
** Town renamed "Buckley" for J.M. Buckley, Northern Pacific Railway district superintendent.
** First school established.
* 1888 Town site platted by Alexander and Mary Wickersham. Lumber and shingle mills are established.
* 1889
** First post office established.
** District Court appointed five men as trustees of the Town of Buckley.
** First newspaper printed and published in Buckley - The Buckley Banner.
* 1890: Town incorporated by electorate.
* 1891: Land donated for Buckley cemetery.
* 1892
** May 5 Business District almost wiped out fire. Started on second story of the Buckley Lumber Store. Many brick buildings built after this fire still stand on Main Street.
** June 17 New school built at present site of White River School District building on A Street.
** First permanent church built.
** World's Fair in Chicago, Illinois - Buckley Mills sell wood, shingles, and supplies to be used at the World's Fair Exhibit Buildings
** First organized water system established.
* 1893
** February 24 Fire Department in Buckley was established.
* 1898 Business district razed by fire. First high school classes held, building erected.
* 1902
** Addition built on schoolhouse.
** First library established.
* 1905 First high school graduation held.
* 1907
** Gravity water system built; water stored in reservoir still in use by town.
** First general use of electricity.
* 1909
** School burned to ground.
** Town established fire department to replace Columbia Hose Company, a private fire-fighting group.
* 1910 New brick school built on A Street.
* 1911
** White River Power Plant completed.
** Present town hall built.
* 1912 Plank streets replaced by paving.
* 1914 Wickersham elementary school built.
* 1920 Large section of business district leveled by fire.
* 1932 Rainier State School opens.
* 1939
** Rainier School officially opened.
** Work commenced on Mud Mountain Dam on White River.
* 1942 Mud Mountain Dam completed.
* 1944 Buckley railroad logging ended with closure of Buckley Logging Company mill.
* 1946 City limits extended to include Rainier School and farms south of town.
* 1947
** Last company-operated coal mining discontinued.
* 1949
** Buckley and Enumclaw school districts consolidated.
* 1951 Rural Fire District No. 12 organized.
* 1952
** New fire station built.
** Sewage disposal plant built.
* 1953
** Wickersham school annex built.
** White River School District (Buckley-Enumclaw) de-consolidated.
* 1956
** New gymnasium built at high school.
* 1957
** Town established natural gas utility.
* 1959 Northern Pacific railroad depot torn down.
* 2003 White River High School moved to a new location.

## Notable people

* Blaine Larsen, country music artist
* Lucille Lund, actress
* Fences (band), Indie music artist