OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hu Ronghua

Hu Ronghua (Chinese: 胡荣华; pinyin: Hú Rónghuá, born November 14, 1945) is a Chinese xiangqi grandmaster. Hu Ronghua has been referred to as the Bobby Fischer of xiangqi. Due to his excellent xiangqi skills, he was given the title of "一代宗师" (Top Grandmaster Ever) and was nicknamed "胡司令" (Top Commander Hu).

## Xiangqi career

Hu Ronghua first won the Chinese National Xiangqi Championship in 1960, at age 15, the youngest record ever. Hu went on to win the next nine consecutive national championships, which gave him a 10-championship streak from 1960 to 1979 (due to the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese National Xiangqi Competition was not held annually during that period).
In the 1980s, Hu Ronghua won the national xiangqi championship in 1983 and 1985. By the mid-1990s, people thought that he was past his prime, and that younger generations of top players would eventually replace him. However, Ronghua won yet again in 1997 and 2000.
Hu Ronghua holds the record for the greatest number of national xiangqi titles (14), the youngest champion (age 15 in 1960) and the oldest champion (age 55 in 2000) in the history of the game.

## Contributing developments to xiangqi

Hu Ronghua has been advocating for a revival of xiangqi. In 2011 he launched a reality show called Let's Play Chess to find a new personal apprentice.
Hu Ronghua has made great additions to xiangqi theory, including pioneer work on the Fly-Elephant (飞相局) opening and the Counter-Palace-Knight (反宫马) opening. He also devised a new xiangqi rule: the chance of playing black is obtained by auctions of two players. The player who offers less time wins the auction. If the xiangqi game finally ends in a draw, black wins. The Hu Rule is aimed at eliminating "negative draw games" and making xiangqi more spectator-friendly. However, the Hu Rule was boycotted by other professional players, one year after its birth.
In 2022, Hu Ronghua made grandmaster live commentary at a major exposition of advanced Artificial Intelligence algorithms, applied directly to xiangqi.

## Other interests

In his early years, Hu Ronghua was trained for a short period in weiqi (Go). He also plays a game called daguailuzi(大怪路子)，a popular local game of Shanghai.

## Titles

* 1982: Grandmaster
* 1988: International Grandmaster of Chinese Chess.

## Publications

* XIANGQI Grandmaster Hu RongHua and his Elephant Openings (English publication 2017)

## References and notes

* 1 2 "Player:Xu RongHua History Rating".
* 1 2 Wang, Frances (April 14, 2011). "Chinese chess king looks for an apprentice". CNN. Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
* ↑ Lu, Elisabeth (20 October 1989). "Making a Move : Chinese Chess Expert Seeks Protege to Take On $500,000 Challenge". Los Angeles Times.
* 1 2 3 4 5 Png, Jim (5 June 2020). "China Hu Ronghua 胡荣华 IGM". Xqinenglish.
* ↑ See here for the complete list of national champions.
* ↑ Advanced AI Chess Robot Becomes Available In the Commercial Market, Shine, 17 October 2022, retrieved 26 June 2024
# 2013 Al Ain bus accident

The 2013 Al Ain bus accident occurred on 4 February 2013 when a bus carrying 46 people from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, collided with another vehicle in the Zakhir district of the city of Al Ain, Abu Dhabi (emirate). At least 22 people died and another 24 were injured in the accident.
# 2013 Molise regional election

The Molise regional election of 2013 took place on 24–25 February 2013, after that the 2011–2016 legislature was prematurely dissolved due to irregularities in the 2011 regional election. Paolo di Laura Frattura of the Democratic Party was elected President and the center-left performed approximately 16 points better than the center-left list for the Chamber of Deputies in the general election held the same day.

## Background

In May 2012 a tribunal declared the 2011 election invalid due to irregularities and fraud committed by Michele Iorio (People of Freedom, President of Molise since 2001) and his center-right coalition. After an appeal filed by the center-right failed, the Italian Council of State confirmed the 2011 election as invalid on 29 October 2012 and a new election was scheduled for February 2013.

## Results

| Candidates | Regional lists | Regional lists | Regional lists | Provincial lists | Provincial lists | Provincial lists | Provincial lists | Total |
| Candidates | votes | % | seats | Parties | votes | % | seats | group |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Democratic Party | 24,892 | 14.84 | 3 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Rise Molise | 14,282 | 8.51 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Italy of Values | 12,156 | 7.25 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Union for Molise | 11,022 | 6.57 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Union of Democrats for Europe | 6,831 | 4.07 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Party of Italian Communists | 5,512 | 3.29 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Left Ecology Freedom | 5,015 | 2.99 | 1 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | Italian Socialist Party | 3,149 | 1.88 | 0 | 12 |
| Paolo di Laura Frattura | 85,881 | 44.70 | 3 | We for Molise | 1,282 | 0.76 | - | 12 |
| Michele Iorio | 49,567 | 25.80 | 1 | The People of Freedom | 17,310 | 10.32 | 2 | 5 |
| Michele Iorio | 49,567 | 25.80 | 1 | Union of the Centre | 10,514 | 6.27 | 1 | 5 |
| Michele Iorio | 49,567 | 25.80 | 1 | Great South | 8,565 | 5.10 | 1 | 5 |
| Michele Iorio | 49,567 | 25.80 | 1 | Project Molise | 7,383 | 4.40 | - | 5 |
| Michele Iorio | 49,567 | 25.80 | 1 | The Right | 2,440 | 1.45 | - | 5 |
| Antonio Federico | 32,200 | 16.76 | - | Five Star Movement | 20,437 | 12.18 | 2 | 2 |
| Massimo Romano | 21.160 | 11.0 | - | Building Democracy | 8,503 | 5.07 | 1 | 1 |
| Massimo Romano | 21.160 | 11.0 | - | Act Molise | 4,941 | 2.94 | 0 | 1 |
| Massimo Romano | 21.160 | 11.0 | - | Democrats for Molise | 1,114 | 0.66 | 0 | 1 |
| Antonio De Lellis | 2,158 | 1.12 | - | Democratic Revolution | 1,562 | 0.93 | 0 | – |
| Camillo Colella | 1,141 | 0.59 | - | Work, Sport and Social | 873 | 0.52 | 0 | – |
| Total candidates | 192,107 | 100.00 | 5 | Total parties | 167,783 | 100.00 | 16 | 21 |
Source: Ministry of the Interior
# Paxton, Scottish Borders

Paxton is a small village near the B6461 and the B6460, in the pre-1975 ancient county of Berwickshire, now an administrative area of the Borders region of Scotland. It lies 1 mile west of the border with Northumberland, It is a traditional, country village surrounded by farmland, and its closest market towns are Duns and Berwick-upon-Tweed.
Paxton is beside the River Tweed which is the border at that point and on Whiteadder Water. Paxton is also the location of Paxton House.
Linking Scotland and England, the nearby Union Chain Bridge, opened in 1820, was the longest wrought iron suspension bridge in the world. It was also the first of its kind in Britain.

## History

Traditionally home to villagers working on the land or in the salmon fishery on the Tweed, Paxton is said to be the birthplace of the song Robin Adair:
Paxton's a fine snug place, Robin Adair,
It's a wondrous couthie place, Robin Adair;
Let Whiteadder rin a spate,
Or the wind blow at ony rate,
Yet I'll meet thee on the gait, Robin Adair.
The settlement at Paxton was burnt by an English army in November 1542.
# A Kiss in Time (film)

A Kiss in Time is a 1921 American silent comedy film directed by Thomas N. Heffron and written by Douglas Z. Doty. The film stars Wanda Hawley, T. Roy Barnes, Bertram Johns, Walter Hiers, and Margaret Loomis. The film was released in July 1921, by Realart Pictures Corporation.

## Cast

* Wanda Hawley as Sheila Ashlone
* T. Roy Barnes as Brian Moore
* Bertram Johns as Robert Codman Ames
* Walter Hiers as Bertie Ballast
* Margaret Loomis as Nymph
# Systems chemistry

Systems chemistry is the science of studying networks of interacting molecules, to create new functions from a set (or library) of molecules with different hierarchical levels and emergent properties.
Systems chemistry is also related to the origin of life (abiogenesis).

## Relations to systems biology

Systems chemistry is a relatively young sub-discipline of chemistry, where the focus does not lie on the individual chemical components but rather on the overall network of interacting molecules and on their emergent properties. Hence, it combines the classical knowledge of chemistry (structure, reactions and interactions of molecules) together with a systems approach inspired by systems biology and systems science.

## Examples

Dynamic combinatorial chemistry has been used as a method to develop ligands for biomolecules and receptors for small molecules.
Ligands that can recognize biomolecules are being identified by preparing libraries of potential ligands in the presence of a target biomacromolecule. This is relevant for application as biosensors for fast monitoring of imbalances and illnesses and therapeutic agents.
Individual components of certain chemical system will self-assemble to form receptors which are complementary to target molecule. In principle, the preferred library members will be selected and amplified based on the strongest interactions between the template and products.

## Molecular networks and equilibrium

A fundamental difference exists between chemistry as it is performed in most laboratories and chemistry as it occurs in life. Laboratory processes are mostly designed such that the (closed) system goes thermodynamically downhill; i.e. the product state is of lower Gibbs free energy, yielding stable molecules that can be isolated and stored. Yet the chemistry of life operates in a very different way: most molecules from which living systems are constituted are turned over continuously and are not necessarily thermodynamically stable. Nevertheless, living systems can be stable, but in a homeostatic sense. Such homeostatic (open) systems are far-from-equilibrium and are dissipative: they need energy to maintain themselves. In dissipative controlled systems the continuous supply of energy allows a continuous transition between different supramolecular states, where systems with unexpected properties may be discovered. One of the grand challenges of Systems Chemistry is to unveil complex reactions networks, where molecules continuously consume energy to perform specific functions.

## History

While multicomponent reactions have been studied for centuries, the idea of deliberately analyzing mixtures and reaction networks is more recent. The first mentions of systems chemistry as a field date from 2005. Early adopters focused on prebiotic chemistry combined with supramolecular chemistry, before it was generalized to the study of emergent properties and functions of any complex molecular systems. A 2017 review in the field of systems chemistry described the state of the art as out-of-equilibrium self-assembly, fuelled molecular motion, chemical networks in compartments and oscillating reactions.
# Bargala

Bargala (Macedonian: Баргала) is an archaeological site in Karbinci Municipality, North Macedonia, 15.5 km (9.6 mi) east of the city of Štip. It is situated in a river valley on the lower slope of the north side of Plačkovica Mountain. The site's name is of Thracian origin. An inscription at the site states that the city gate was constructed in 371/372 AD. An important religious and cultural centre of the middle Bregalnica region, Bargala was a city in the Roman province of Macedonia Secunda. In the 4th and 5th centuries, the prosperous city was the seat of a bishopric with a basilica complex at its centre and four more basilicas located outside the city wall. The bishopric of Bargala existed until the end of the 6th century AD.
Gold coins of Emperor Phokas (602-610) are discovered at the locality, as well as 6th and 7th century Slavic pottery. Coins found from the 580s provide an approximate date of the abandonment of Bargala and the arrival of the Slavs.
Archaeological excavations began in 1966, uncovering the trapezoidal fortified site and ruins of its seven towers and two gates.
# Charles Liddell

Charles Liddell (c. 1813 – 10 August 1894), was an English railway engineer.
Born in County Durham, he was the son of Henry George Liddell, who was later Rector of Easington. His older brother was Henry Liddell. A student and educated by George Stephenson, he became involved in a number of Stephenson's projects, including the Grand Junction Railway and London and Birmingham Railway.
He subsequently went into partnership with L.D.B. Gordon, becoming Chief Engineer of the Newport, Abergavenny & Hereford Railway, where he drew the specifications for both the wrought iron Crumlin Viaduct and the stone Hengoed Viaduct. After surveying the route for the Bedford and Cambridge Railway, he was Chief Engineer for the London extensions for both the Midland Railway, and Great Central Main Line.
In 1838, whilst studying at the Freiburg School of Mines, Germany, L.D.B. Gordon visited the mines at Clausthal, and met Wilhelm Albert. Impressed by what he saw, he wrote to his friend Robert Stirling Newall, urging him to "Invent a machine for making wire ropes." On receipt of Gordon's letter, Newall designed a wire rope machine. On Gordon's return to the UK in 1839, he formed a partnership with Newall and Liddell, registering R.S. Newall and Company in Dundee. On 17 August 1840, Newall took out a patent for "certain improvements in wire rope and the machinery for making such rope," and R.S. Newall and Company commenced making wire ropes for "Mining, Railway, Ships' Rigging, and other purposes".
Liddell died in London on 10 August 1894.
# Frederick Francis Liddell

Sir Frederick Francis Liddell KCB KC (7 June 1865 – 19 March 1950) was a British lawyer and civil servant. He is noted for being First Parliamentary Counsel.

## Early life

He was born in 1865, the son of Henry Liddell, the Dean of Christ Church, Oxford; his older sister, Alice, would become famous as the inspiration for the 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated in 1888 with first-class honours in Literae humaniores. On leaving Oxford, he was appointed the private secretary to Sir Arthur Gordon, the Governor of Ceylon; after two years, when Gordon's tenure as governor expired, he returned home. In 1891 he became a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, a position he would hold until 1906. He won the Eldon Scholarship in 1892 and was called to the Bar in 1894.

## Career

Liddell entered Charles Sargant's chambers at Lincoln's Inn, and a year later, on Sargant's advice, joined the Parliamentary Counsel's Office, then led by Henry Jenkyns and Courtenay Ilbert. In 1902, he was appointed Second Parliamentary Counsel, and after the 1906 general election played a major part in helping prepare the large amount of new legislation the Liberal government aimed to pass. In 1917 he was appointed First Parliamentary Counsel. Among his major work was assisting the drafting of plans to reform the Territorial Force and create the Royal Air Force, as well as the reorganisation of substantial parts of the criminal law and the law of property, and an attempt to reform income tax. Following Irish independence, he created the legislative framework to rework the statute law affecting Ireland and limit it to the six counties of Northern Ireland. Among his other legal work, he edited the Manual of Military Law.
In 1928, he was appointed Counsel to the Speaker, and made a KC the following year. He had intended to retire in 1939, but was asked to stay on with the outbreak of the Second World War; he eventually retired in 1943, but even then remained active, assisting with the overhaul of the Standing Orders relating to Private Members' Business. He became an Ecclesiastical Commissioner in 1944, finally retiring from public life in 1948.
He married Mabel Magniac in 1901; the couple had three sons and one daughter. One of his sons, an officer in the Royal Navy, died at sea shortly after the end of the Second World War. His youngest son, Maurice, married Alix Kerr.
# Clara Honsinger

Clara Honsinger (born June 5, 1997) is a former American professional cyclist who last rode for UCI Women's Continental Team EF Education–Tibco–SVB in road racing, and Team S&M in cyclo-cross.

## Career

Honsinger won the 2018 USA Cycling Cyclocross National Championship in the under-23 category held in Louisville, Kentucky. On December 15, 2019, she won the USA Cycling Cyclocross National Championship in the women's elite category. The race was held at Fort Steilacoom Park in Lakewood, Washington. She is the first new USA women's elite category Cyclocross National Champion in 15 years, following the annual victories of Katie Compton since 2004.
For the 2021 road cycling season, Honsinger joined the Tibco–Silicon Valley Bank team. She combined this with a cyclo-cross schedule, riding for the Cannondale–Cyclocrossworld.com team.
On January 31, 2021, at the élite women's world championship race in Ostend, Belgium, Honsinger placed fourth, 52 seconds behind winner Lucinda Brand of the Netherlands and 33 seconds behind third-placed Denise Betsema, also of the Netherlands.
Honsinger retired without an announcement after the 2023-2024 cyclocross season.

## Personal life

Honsinger lives in Corvallis, Oregon, and is a student at Oregon State University.

## Major results
### Cyclo-cross
#### 2017–2018

    2nd Pan American Under-23 Championships
    2nd National Under-23 Championships
    2nd Iowa City

#### 2018–2019

    1st Pan American Under-23 Championships
    1st National Under-23 Championships
    US Open
       1st Day 1
       1st Day 2

#### 2019–2020

    1st National Championships
    Major Taylor Cross Cup
       1st Day 1
       1st Day 2
    US Open
       1st Day 2
       2nd Day 1
    1st Fayetteville
    2nd Pan American Championships
    UCI World Cup
       3rd Iowa City

#### 2020–2021

    UCI World Cup
       2nd Namur
       2nd Dendermonde

#### 2021–2022

    1st National Championships
    X²O Badkamers Trophy
       1st Koppenberg
    USCX Series
       1st Baltimore I
       2nd Rochester I
       2nd Baltimore II
       2nd Rochester II
    UCI World Cup
       2nd Dendermonde
       3rd Fayetteville

#### 2022–2023

    Coupe de France
       1st Nommay I
       1st Nommay II
    1st Waterloo

#### 2023–2024

    Exact Cross
       3rd Zonnebeke
# Labasa Airport

Labasa Airport (IATA: LBS, ICAO: NFNL) is an airport serving Labasa (pronounced) is a town located in Macuata Province, in the northeastern part of the island of Vanua Levu in Fiji. It is operated by Airports Fiji Limited.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 44 feet (13 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 13/31 with an asphalt surface measuring 1,073 by 30 metres (3,520 ft × 98 ft).

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Fiji Link | Nadi, Suva |
| Northern Air | Nadi, Suva |
# Calder Vale

Calder Vale is an English village, located on the edge of the Forest of Bowland in Lancashire. It lies on the River Calder in a deep valley with only a single cul-de-sac providing vehicular access. The name Calder is thought to be derived from the Old Norse kaldr, which means "cold".
The village was founded by Quakers Jonathan and Richard Jackson, and in 1835 a cotton-weaving mill — the Lappet Mill — was built, powered by the River Calder. The mill and mill pond still exist and Lappet Mill is still working as a cotton mill. One of its main products is the red, black and white checked cloth used for Arab headscarves and it was said that Yasser Arafat's headdresses were made at the Mill. The Jackson brothers also built many of the terraced houses still in occupation close to the mills.
The church of St John the Evangelist lies high above the village, linked to it by a half-mile woodland footpath (compared with a three-mile journey by road). It was consecrated on 12 August 1863. It serves the adjacent village of Oakenclough, in addition to Calder Vale.
The village also contains a primary school, Calder Vale Church of England School, which was built concurrently with the church. It is a small school consisting of two teachers and about thirty pupils, and it is situated next door to St John's Church, the two being very closely linked.
There is also a village hall and a Methodist chapel in the village centre. The village also has Scouts and Brownies, a Women's Institute, which meets monthly in the village hall, and a Village Club.
There is a post office within the village hall.
Every Sunday in May, the villagers get together and organise the "BlueBell Teas", at which cakes, sandwiches and local produce are sold for charity, and for the upkeep of the village hall and mission room. On the second Saturday of June every year, there is a village festival.
The elected Member for Wyre Borough Council's Calder Ward is Councillor David Meirion Williams.

## Governance

The village falls in the electoral ward of Calder. This ward stretches south-east to Barnacre. The total ward population at the 2011 census was 2,148.

## Gallery

* The terraced housing that makes up the village's Victoria Terrace. The village hall, with its green sign, is in view
* Another flank of terraced houses, on the aptly named Long Row, stands next to the Methodist chapel
* Methodist chapel
* Lappet Mill
# Caroline Mathilde (ballet)

Caroline Mathilde is a two-act ballet to music by Sir Peter Maxwell Davies. Its original choreographer was Flemming Flindt in 1991.
It tells the story of the eighteenth-century English princess Caroline Mathilde (sister of George III), who in 1766 was sent to Denmark aged 15 to be married to the 17-year-old schizophrenic Danish king, Christian VII. The ballet portrays her unhappy marriage, the king's growing madness and her fatal love-affair with Struensee, the king's influential physician, which ultimately leads to their arrest, his execution and her exile at the age of 20, separated from her two young children.
As with Davies' earlier ballet, Salome, it was a commission by the Royal Danish Ballet. It was first performed on 14 March 1991 at the Royal Danish Theatre, Copenhagen. The orchestra was conducted by Markus Lehtinen.
Davies prepared two concert suites, each based on an act of the ballet.
# Gunta Lamaša

Gunta Lamaša (born 29 February 1972) is a Latvian rower. She competed in the women's coxless pair event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Southern Wake Montessori School

Southern Wake Montessori School was a collaborative, not-for-profit community of children, their families and teachers located in Holly Springs, NC.
Southern Wake Montessori School (SWMS) closed for business July 24, 2009.
# Mary Glackin

Mary M. Glackin is an American scientist. She served as the 2020 president of the American Meteorological Society (AMS).

## Career

Glackin was previously senior vice president for science and forecast operations at The Weather Company, an IBM Business. She retired from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 2012 as the deputy under secretary for operations, after working in various roles in the organization for 34 years, including with the National Weather Service, where she served as acting director of the agency in 2007, and the U.S. Global Change Research Program.

## Education

Glackin has a B.S. from the University of Maryland (1984) with a major in computer science with a concentration in atmospheric science.

## Awards

Glackin is a Fellow of AMS and a recipient of the Charles Franklin Brooks Award for Outstanding Service to the Society (2004). She has twice received the U.S. Presidential Rank Award and the Department of Commerce Silver and Bronze Medals. She is a fellow National Academy of Public Administration.