# District administration in Nepal

District administration makes up the third level of government division in Nepal. The provision for a District Assembly, which acts as the legislature at the district-level, is mentioned in Part 17 of the Constitution of Nepal. The 77 districts of Nepal each have their own district assemblies which in turn elect their own District Coordination Committees, which serves as the executive at the district-level. In addition to this each district also has a District Administration Office which oversees the general administration of each district.

## District Administration Office

The District Administration Office (Nepali: जिल्ला प्रशासन कार्यालय) is a general administration of government in each district of Nepal. The government of Nepal appoints a Chief District Officer in each district to function as a Chief Administration Officer.
The Local Administration Act, 2028 (1971) was implemented to conduct local administration in accordance with the decentralized administration system to effectively operate peace and order. Section 5 of the Local Administration Act was constituted to be a district administration office in every district to conduct general administration of the district. The DAO in each district of Nepal works under Ministry of Home Affairs. The main function of the DAO is to maintain peace, order and security in the district and provide assistance in development activities run by the federal government, provincial government, District Coordination Committee, urban municipality and rural municipality.

### Chief District Officer

The Chief District Officer (Nepali: प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकृत, abbreviation: C.D.O.) is an administrative rank under Ministry of Home Affairs in Nepal who is appointed by the government as the senior-most executive magistrate and chief in-charge of general administration of a district . The main administration guideline is the Local Administration Act, 1972.
The C.D.O. is responsible for proper inspection of all the departments in a district such as health, education, security and all other government offices. In case of threatened public security conditions like riots, the C.D.O. can mobilize security forces and take other actions like imposing curfew order, fixing restricted area, arresting anyone according to law, hearing some cases as a quasi-judicial body. Distributing the Certificate of Nepalese Citizenship, processing and recommendation for passports, maintaining peace and security, law and order, acting as a representative of government, enjoying the authorities provided by more than 90 prevailing acts make a Chief District Officer powerful.
The C.D.O. is the most powerful position in Nepalese administrative service. Likewise, Assistant Chief District Officers enjoys almost all the authorities as delegated by C.D.O. and other laws.

## District Assembly

The District Assembly (Nepali: जिल्ला सभा) is composed of chairpersons and vice-chairpersons of each rural municipality and mayors and deputy mayors of each municipality within a district. The District Assembly coordinates between all municipalities and rural municipalities within the district. It elects a nine-member District Coordination Committee including a chief and deputy chief and at least three women and one member from the Dalit or minority communities for a five-year term. Any member within the village or municipal assembly in local levels within the district are eligible to be elected to the District Coordination Committee and if elected their status as a local representative will lapse.

## District Coordination Committee

The District Coordination Committee (Nepali: जिल्ला समन्वय समिति, abbreviation: DCC) was formed on March 14, 2017, to replace the existing district development committee. Each of the 77 districts in Nepal have their own district coordination committees in.
The Head of a district development committee is elected by the district assembly. The government also appoints a Local Development Officer in each district development committee who heads the DCC in absence of an elected head or deputy head.
The DCC acts as an executive to the district Assembly. The DCC coordinates with the Provincial Assembly to establish coordination between the Provincial Assembly and rural municipalities and municipalities and to settle disputes, if any, of political nature. It also maintains coordination between the provincial and Federal government and among the local bodies in the district. It also monitors development within the district.

## List of district coordination committees with their heads

| SN | District | Nepali | Chief District Officer | District assembly chief | Political party | DCC Website | DAO Website |
| 1 | Taplejung | ताप्लेजुंग | हिरादेवी पौडेल | Tshiring Lama | CPN (Unified Socialist) | | |
| 2 | Panchthar | पाँचथर | मेखबहादुर मंग्राती | | | | |
| 3 | Ilam | इलाम | इन्द्रदेव यादव | | | https://dccilam.gov.np/ | https://daoilam.moha.gov.np/ |
| 4 | Jhapa | झापा | गोपाल कुमार अधिकारी | | | | |
| 5 | Morang | मोरङ | वीरेन्द्र कुमार यादव | | | | |
| 6 | Sunsari | सुनसरी | रामचन्द्र तिवारी | | | | |
| 7 | Dhankuta | धनकुटा | पुण्यविक्रम पौडेल | | | | |
| 8 | Tehrathum | तेर्हथुम | कृष्ण पौडेल | | | | |
| 9 | Sankhuwasabha | संखुवासभा | शिव कुमार कार्की | Suman Shakya | CPN (Unified Socialist) | | |
| 10 | Bhojpur | भोजपुर | हरि प्रसाद घिमिरे | | | | |
| 11 | Solukhumbu | सोलुखुम्बु | देवी पाण्डे (खत्री) | | | | |
| 12 | Okhaldhunga | ओखलढुङ्गा | चेतराज बराल | | | | |
| 13 | Khotang | खोटाङ | सन्त बहादुर सुनार | | | | |
| 14 | Udayapur | उदयपुर | जनार्दन गौतम | Gaur Bahadur Bishwakarma | CPN (Unified Socialist) | | |
| 15 | Saptari | सप्तरी | Rudraprasad Pandit | Shiv Narayan Shah | Nepali Congress | | |
| 16 | Siraha | सिरहा | Bhagirath Pandey | Dinesh Kumar Mahato | PSP-N | | |
| 17 | Dhanusa | धनुषा | Dilip Kumar Chapagai | Ramnandan Mandal | Nepali Congress | | |
| 18 | Mahottari | महोत्तरी | शिवराम गेलाल | Suman Kumar Lal Karn | LSP-N | | |
| 19 | Sarlahi | सर्लाही | Gopal Kumar Adhikari | Kaushal Kishor Singh | Nepali Congress | | |
| 20 | Sindhuli | सिन्धुली | | | | |
| 21 | Ramechhap | रामेछाप | Shobhakhar Regmi | | | |
| 22 | Dolakha | दोलखा | Laxman Bikram Thapa | | | | |
| 23 | Sindhupalchok | सिन्धुपाल्चोक | | | | | |
| 24 | Kavrepalanchowk | काभ्रेपलाञ्चोक | Shiv Prasad Shimkhada | Dip Kumar Gautam | CPN (Unified Socialist) | | |
| 25 | Lalitpur | ललितपुर | Mahadeb Pantha | | Nepali Congress | | |
| 26 | Bhaktapur | भक्तपुर | रोशनी कुमारी श्रेष्ठ | | | | |
| 27 | Kathmandu | काठमाडौं | Kedarnath Sharma | | | | |
| 28 | Nuwakot | नुवाकोट | Birendra Kumar Yadav | | | | |
| 29 | Rasuwa | रसुवा | | | | | |
| 30 | Dhading | धादिङ | Shyam Prasad Bhandari | | | | |
| 31 | Makwanpur | मकवानपुर | Tirtharaj Chiluwal | | | | |
| 32 | Rautahat | रौतहट | Basu Dev Ghimire | Ram Ayodhya Yadav | Nepali Congress | | |
| 33 | Bara | बारा | Vijay Narayan Manandhar | Narendra Kumar Sah | CPN (UML) | | |
| 34 | Parsa | पर्सा | Vinod Prakash Singh | Niranjan Sah Sonar | PSP-N | | |
| 35 | Chitwan | चितवन | Narayan Prasad Bhatt | | Nepali Congress | | |
| 36 | Gorkha | गोरखा | Shri Jitendra Basnet | | | | |
| 37 | Lamjung | लमजुङ | Yuvaraj Mainali | | | | |
| 38 | Tanahun | तनहुँ | Bharat Kumar Sharma | | | | |
| 39 | Syangja | स्याङ्जा | Shri Mahesh Aacharya | | | | |
| 40 | Kaski | कास्की | Taranath Adhikari | | | | |
| 41 | Manang | मनाङ | Hariprasad Panta | | | | |
| 42 | Mustang | मुस्ताङ | Ramchandra Tiwari | | | | |
| 43 | Myagdi | म्याग्दी | Krishnaprasad Adhikari | | | | |
| 44 | Parbat | पर्वत | Rajesh Panthi | | | | |
| 45 | Baglung | बागलुङ | | | | | |
| 46 | Gulmi | गुल्मी | Shri Gopal Prasad Aryal | | | | |
| 47 | Palpa | पाल्पा | Bishnu Prasad Dhakal | | | | |
| 48 | Nawalpur | नवलपुर | Udaya Bahadur Rana Magar | | | | Archived 2019-06-07 at the Wayback Machine |
| 49 | Parasi | परासी | | | | | Archived 2019-06-10 at the Wayback Machine |
| 50 | Rupandehi | रुपन्देही | Hariprasad Mainali | | | | |
| 51 | Kapilvastu | कपिलवस्तु | Madan Bhujel | | | | |
| 52 | Arghakhanchi | अर्घाखाँची | BijayRaj Paudel | | | | |
| 53 | Pyuthan | प्युठान | Dr. Krishna Bahadur Ghimire | | | | |
| 54 | Rolpa | रोल्पा | Ganj Bahadur MC | | | | |
| 55 | Eastern Rukum | पूर्वी रुकुम | Bhupendra Sapkota | | | | |
| 56 | Western Rukum | पश्चिमी रुकुम | Banshi Kumar Aacharya | | | | |
| 57 | Salyan | सल्यान | Paramananda Ghimire | | | | |
| 58 | Dang | दाङ | Shri Gajendra Bahadur Shrestha | | | | |
| 59 | Banke | बाँके | Ramesh Kumar KC | | | | |
| 60 | Bardiya | बर्दिया | Shri PremLal Lamichhane | | | | |
| 61 | Surkhet | सुर्खेत | Sitaram Karki | | | | |
| 62 | Dailekh | दैलेख | Nabaraj Jaisi | | | | |
| 63 | Jajarkot | जाजरकोट | Pushparaj Shahi | | | | |
| 64 | Dolpa | डोल्पा | Bhupendra Thapa | | | | |
| 65 | Jumla | जुम्ला | Bishnu Paudel | | | | |
| 66 | Kalikot | कालिकोट | Chandranath Gautam | | | | |
| 67 | Mugu | मुगु | Shri Umakanta Adhikari | | | | |
| 68 | Humla | हुम्ला | | Shiv Raj Sharma | CPN (Unified Socialist) | | |
| 69 | Bajura | बाजुरा | Luk Bahadur Chetri | | | | |
| 70 | Bajhang | बझाङ | Prem Singh Kunwar | | | | |
| 71 | Achham | अछाम | Kishor Kumar Chaudhari | | | | |
| 72 | Doti | डोटी | Surya Bahadur Khatri | | | | |
| 73 | Kailali | कैलाली | Gobind Prasad Rijal | | Nepali Congress | | |
| 74 | Kanchanpur | कञ्चनपुर | Ram Prasad Pandey | | | | |
| 75 | Dadeldhura | डडेल्धुरा | Janakraj Bhatt | | | | |
| 76 | Baitadi | बैतडी | Siddha Raj Joshi | | | | |
| 77 | Darchula | दार्चुला | Janardan Gautam | | | | |