OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spring Hill (Ivy, Virginia)

Spring Hill is a historic home located at Ivy, Albemarle County, Virginia, U.S.. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Architecture

The main house dates to about 1785, and is a two-story, brick dwelling expanded in the 1870s and 1930s. The oldest building on the property is the brick field slave quarters, built about 1765, and once served as the main house. Also on the property are a brick dairy and kitchen. The house is representative of the evolution and integration of academic and vernacular architectural styles covering over two centuries of Albemarle County settlement.

## History

The Spring Hill property was part of a tract of land owned in 1735 by Charles Hudson, and sold two years later to Michael Woods (1737–1748). Woods lived further west at the foot of Woods' Gap (now Jarman Gap), the site may have been lived by his son-in-law Andrew Wallace, when it was sold in 1748 with 400 acres (160 ha) by Woods.
Spring Hill was also the childhood home of noted architect Waddy Butler Wood (1869–1944), and his sister, visual artist Virginia Hargraves Wood (1872–1941).
# David Gibson (footballer, born 1895)

David Gibson (29 September 1895 – 26 September 1964) was a Scottish footballer who played as a left back, initially for hometown team Kilmarnock where he played for seven seasons between 1919 and late 1925 (Joe Nibloe establishing himself in the position thereafter). He had a short spell at Preston North End before moving to the American Soccer League where he featured for Springfield Babes, Fall River and Providence over five years, returning to Scotland in 1932 with Queen of the South and Galston (both then playing in the Scottish Football Alliance league).
He won the Scottish Cup with Kilmarnock in 1920 and the National Challenge Cup with Fall River in 1927.
# 1st New Jersey Infantry Regiment

The 1st New Jersey Infantry Regiment was an American Civil War Union Army regiment of infantry from New Jersey that served in the Army of the Potomac.
1st New Jersey Infantry Regiment was recruited and mustered into Federal service in May 1861, and was brigaded with the 2nd New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, 3rd New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, and the 4th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry to make up what became famed as the "First New Jersey Brigade". The regiment and brigade served as the 1st Brigade of the 1st Division of the VI Corps, and participated in numerous battles from the June 27, 1862, Battle of Gaines's Mill, Virginia, to the final Union assaults on Confederate positions at Petersburg, Virginia, in April 1865.
The remnants of the regiment were mustered out in June 1865.
Notable members of the 1st New Jersey were:
* Colonel William Reading Montgomery - first commander and later Brigadier General of Volunteers
* Colonel Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert - later promoted to brigadier general and commanded the regiment's brigade.
* Colonel Mark Wilkes Collet - led the regiment at the Battle of Fredericksburg and the Battle of Chancellorsville, where he was killed in action.
* Lieutenant Colonel Robert McAllister - later Colonel of the 11th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, II Corps brigade commander, and Brevet Major General of Volunteers.
* Captain William Birney - later promoted to brigadier general of volunteers
* Captain William Brant - Medal of Honor Recipient
* Corporal Charles Ferren Hopkins - Medal of Honor Recipient
* Lieutenant and Adjutant Peter Dumont Vroom, Jr. - son of a former Governor of New Jersey, and later brigadier general in the United States Regular Army.
* 2nd Lieutenant Camille Baquet - author of "History of the First Brigade, New Jersey Volunteers (Kearny's First New Jersey Brigade) from 1861 to 1865", a history of the brigade published in 1910.

## Casualties

The 1st New Jersey lost 244 men during their service. 153 men were killed in battle or died of wounds, 91 men died of disease and other causes.
# 100 Horsemen

100 Horsemen (Italian: I cento cavalieri, Spanish: Los cien caballeros, German: Die hundert Ritter, also known as Son of El Cid) is a 1964 Italian-Spanish-West German historical-adventure film directed by Vittorio Cottafavi.
In 2004 it was restored and shown as part of the retrospective "Storia Segreta del Cinema Italiano: Italian Kings of the Bs" at the 61st Venice International Film Festival.

## Premise

Don Fernando, El Cid's son, rallies peasants and townsfolk to oust the Moorish occupiers in medieval Spain.

## Cast

* Mark Damon as Don Fernando Herrera y Menendez
* Antonella Lualdi as Sancha Ordoñez
* Gastone Moschin as Frate Carmelo
* Wolfgang Preiss as Sheik Abengalbon
* Barbara Frey as Laurencia
* Rafael Alonso as on Jaime Badaloz
* Hans Nielsen as Alfonso Ordoñez
* Manuel Gallardo as Halaf
* Mario Feliciani as Ambassador of the Sheik
* Arnoldo Foà as Don Gonzalo Herrera y Menendez
* Aldo Sambrell as Alfaqui
# Panthiades bitias

Panthiades bitias is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1777. It is found from Mexico to the Amazon and Suriname.
# Le Bon Père

Le Bon Père (English: The Good Father) is a one act comedy by Jean-Pierre Claris de Florian. It was first performed by the Comédie Italienne in 1784. Le Bon Père is the last of a trilogy of plays called "The Arlequinades" that tell the story of Arlequin, his wife Argentine, and later, their children. The other two plays in the series are Les Deux Billets and Le Bon Ménage.

## Plot summary

Several years have passed since Arlequin's adventures in Le Bon Ménage. His wife and two sons have died, and he now lives alone with a daughter in a fine apartment in Paris, having inherited a large sum of money from a certain Count de Valcour.
The play opens with Cléante and Nérine. Cléante is a soldier who fell in love with Arlequin's daughter, Nisida, and was hired on as Arlequin's secretary to be near her. Arlequin betrothes his daughter to the Marquis of Yrville, but she refuses since she is in love with Cléante. Coming from a simple background himself, Arlequin is sympathetic to the young lovers, but he feels that they cannot marry due to the differences in their social status.
Arlequin asks Cléante to leave his household, and Cléante reveals that he is the son of a man of wealth: the Count de Valcour. Arlequin decides to give his fortune over to Cléante, since it is rightfully his. Cléante and Nisida are free to marry, and Cléante accepts Arlequin as father.

## Characters

* Arlequin, a wealthy man
* Nisida, his daughter
* Nérine, Nisida's servant
* Cléante, in love with Nisida
# Graeme Goodall

Graeme Goodall (1932 – 3 December 2014) was an Australian recording engineer and record label owner who was a key figure in the early days of Jamaica's recording industry, constructing several of the Island's studios, co-founding Island Records, and operating other labels in the United Kingdom releasing Jamaican music.

## Career

Born in 1932, Graeme Goodall grew up in Caulfield, Victoria, and studied at Caulfield North Central School and Scotch College. In the early 1950s he worked at Melbourne radio station 3UZ briefly before studying television in London and training as an engineer with the International Broadcasting Company.
He became involved in the independent record industry and travelled to Jamaica in 1954 to set up the first FM radio network in Kingston — Radio Jamaica Rediffusion. He went on to work as chief engineer of the Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation.
He began recording local musicians at the Radio Jamaica studios, and went on to build Federal Records, Jamaica's first recording studio (which was rebuilt in 1961 and later became Tuff Gong Recording Studio) with local entrepreneur Ken Khouri to the rear of Khouri's furniture store on King Street. Goodall worked as a recording engineer for Ken Khouri on some of the earliest Jamaican studio recordings. The studio not only provided the Island's first recording facility but also produced acetate discs, allowing sound system operators to record tracks and have them available to play within hours.
Known to the local musicians as "Mr. Goody", Goodall went on to assist with the construction of several studios, including Dynamic Sound, Studio One and later Channel One Studios, and carry out engineering work for producers such as Clement "Coxsone" Dodd, Byron Lee, and Leslie Kong, engineering recordings by Laurel Aitken ("Boogie in My Bones") Millie ("My Boy Lollipop"), The Wailers, Prince Buster, The Skatalites, Derrick Morgan, and Desmond Dekker, among many others. He also trained Jamaican engineers such as Sylvan Morris and Lynford Anderson.
In 1959 he co-founded Island Records with Chris Blackwell and Kong, but his relationship with Blackwell broke down and he went on to start his own labels after relocating to the UK in 1965, the most successful of which were Doctor Bird and Pyramid. After Dekker's "Poor Me, Israelites" proved popular in clubs but failed to get much airplay due to its production, Goodall got Kong to send him the master tapes; he remixed it and released it in the UK in 1969 on Pyramid as "Israelites", the single going on to top the UK Singles Chart and sell over two million copies. He also ran West Indies Records and set up the Trojan Records subsidiary Attack Records.
Goodall married his Jamaican wife Fay in 1961 and in the early 1970s they moved to the US. Goodall later worked as Southern Regional Manager for Sony Pro Audio.
Graeme Goodall died at his home in Atlanta, Georgia on 3 December 2014 from natural causes, aged 82. He was survived by his wife, two children, and four grandchildren.
# Spring House (Pittsford, New York)

Spring House is a historic inn located at Pittsford in Monroe County, New York. It is a 2+1⁄2- to 3+1⁄2-story brick building constructed into a hillside that, at the time, overlooked the Erie Canal. (The canal has long since been rerouted to the south.) The structure dates to 1832 and was built as a health spa located at Monroe Springs, a set of sulphur springs. It serves as a restaurant on busy Monroe Avenue.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
# Salan

Salan, Salanus or Zalan (Bulgarian and Serbian Cyrillic: Салан or Залан; Hungarian: Zalán; Latin: Salanus) was, according to the Gesta Hungarorum, a local Bulgarian voivod (duke) who ruled in the 9th century between Danube and Tisa rivers in the south and the Carpathians in the north. The capital of his voivodship (duchy) was Titel. The exact border of his duchy is not clear: according to some sources, his duchy included present-day northern Serbia, much of present-day central Hungary, present-day eastern Slovakia and part of present-day western Ukraine and northern Romania, while according to other sources, his duchy included only present-day Bačka/Bácska region of Serbia and Hungary.
His name comes from the toponym Szalánkemén (archaically Zoloncaman, today Stari Slankamen).

## History

According to Gesta Hungarorum, Salan (Salanus) was an Orthodox vassal of the Byzantine Empire or of the Bulgarian tsar. Serbian historian Dr Aleksa Ivić supposes that Salan was a Slavic king. The chronicle states that he was a descendant of the Bulgarian Khan, who conquered the territory up to the borders of Russia and Poland after the death of Attila the Hun.
At the time of the Hungarian conquest (after 896), Hungarians attacked Salan's voivodship and Bulgarians led by the tsar Simeon came to the aid of voivod Salan. Even the Byzantine Emperor sent auxiliary troops against the Hungarians. The Hungarians defeated a united Bulgarian and Byzantine army led by Salan in the early 10th century on the plains of Alpár and the voivodship of Salan fell under Hungarian rule.

## Sources

The main historical source about Duke Salan is a historical chronicle known as Gesta Hungarorum, written by Magister P., notary of Hungarian King Bela in the late 12th century. Gesta Hungarorum, however, is not considered to be a fully reliable source, thus the existence of Salan is questionable. However, the 10th century Lombard chronicler, Liudprand, also wrote about a Hungarian victory over the Bulgarians and the Byzantines in the early 10th century and other sources also mention that the area between Danube and Tisa was under Bulgarian rule, which confirm some claims from Gesta Hungarorum regarding the story about Salan.

## Appearances in popular media

Duke Salan appears as a playable character in the video game Crusader Kings III in the 9th-century start date.
# 1st New Orleans Infantry Regiment

The 1st Louisiana Regiment New Orleans Infantry was a regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
The Regiment was organized in New Orleans, Louisiana, on March 6, 1864, and was on garrison and guard duty in the New Orleans defenses. The 2nd New Orleans Infantry Regiment, which failed to complete organization, was merged into the 1st New Orleans in August, 1864. The unit mustered out in May 1866.
1,377 men total enlisted into the 1st New Orleans Regiment. In additional to local Louisianans, 206 of the enlistees were from Southern Mississippi, many of which were Unionists or deserters from Confederate service.
# Clifford–Klein form

In mathematics, a Clifford–Klein form is a double coset space
    Γ\G/H,
where G is a reductive Lie group, H a closed subgroup of G, and Γ a discrete subgroup of G that acts properly discontinuously on the homogeneous space G/H. A suitable discrete subgroup Γ may or may not exist, for a given G and H. If Γ exists, there is the question of whether Γ\G/H can be taken to be a compact space, called a compact Clifford–Klein form.
When H is itself compact, classical results show that a compact Clifford–Klein form exists. Otherwise it may not, and there are a number of negative results.

## History

According to Moritz Epple, the Clifford-Klein forms began when W. K. Clifford used quaternions to twist their space. "Every twist possessed a space-filling family of invariant lines", the Clifford parallels. They formed "a particular structure embedded in elliptic 3-space", the Clifford surface, which demonstrated that "the same local geometry may be tied to spaces that are globally different." Wilhelm Killing thought that for free mobility of rigid bodies there are four spaces: Euclidean, hyperbolic, elliptic and spherical. They are spaces of constant curvature but constant curvature differs from free mobility: it is local, the other is both local and global. Killing's contribution to Clifford-Klein space forms involved formulation in terms of groups, finding new classes of examples, and consideration of the scientific relevance of spaces of constant curvature. He took up the task to develop physical theories of CK space forms. Karl Schwarzchild wrote “The admissible measure of the curvature of space”, and noted in an appendix that physical space may actually be a non-standard space of constant curvature.
# Frederick Iseman

Frederick J. Iseman is an American businessman, philanthropist, and the founder of CI Capital Partners (formerly Caxton-Iseman Capital) private-equity firm.

## Early life and education

Iseman is the son of Joseph S. Iseman, a noted New York City attorney and partner at Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP. He earned a B.A. in English literature from Yale College and is a member of its Elizabethan Club.

## Career

Iseman founded Caxton-Iseman Capital LLC in partnership with Caxton Associates. Caxton-Iseman Capital LLC announced on December 21, 2007, that it had completed its spin-off from Caxton Associates to form an independent private equity fund to be named CI Capital Partners LLC. Frederick Iseman currently serves as the chairman and chief executive officer of CI Capital Partners LLC.
Iseman is a former chairman of CI Capital Partners' portfolio companies, including Ply Gem Industries, American Residential Services, Conney Safety Products, KIK Custom Products, and CoVant, Transplace, Tech Air, Interactive Health Solutions, Galls, IntraPac, A-T Solutions, Foundation Building Materials, and Total Fleet Solutions. Iseman was also a member of the advisory board of investment firm STAR Capital in London. Iseman was the chairman of Anteon International Corp. until Anteon's sale to General Dynamics Corp. in June 2006.

## Philanthropy

Iseman sat on the board of directors of the International Rescue Committee and was a member of the advisory board of the Nuclear Threat Initiative, whose chairman is former senator Sam Nunn. He currently serves on the international council of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.
His philanthropic interests include medical research at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, the Frederick Iseman Theater at Yale University, the Wharton Institute, the Taub Institute for Brain Research, oncology, immunology, and other disciplines. In 2014, he provided Yale with a $3 million endowment for creation of the Frederick Iseman Professor of Poetry faculty position.
As a member of the board of directors of The Metropolitan Opera, Iseman underwrote the production of Dimitri Shostakovich's The Nose for the 2009–2010 season. He was also on the board of trustees of Carnegie Hall and was chairman of the Mariinsky Foundation of America. Iseman currently sits on the Board of trustees at the Morgan Library & Museum. Iseman is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and served on that Council's Independent Task Force on U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy. He was the lead sponsor of the Yale Center for the Study of Globalization's 2008 conference on nuclear weapons. Iseman is a major supporter of Stanford University's Preventive Defense Project, a part of the Center for International Security and Cooperation at the Freeman Spogli Institute and the Yale Center for Genocide Studies. His support of the latter allowed Adam Jones to complete his book, Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction.
# Rozenburg (island)

Rozenburg is an island in western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. Rozenburg Island was formed centuries ago from several sand bars in the Meuse estuary. In 1568, construction started on the first set of dikes and in 1586 the land known as Roosenburgh was leased to Dirk Ariensz. Bisdommer and Son, the first permanent inhabitant of Rozenburg.
In 1950, the stretch of the Nieuwe Maas river south of Rozenburg (also locally called the Brielse Maas) was dammed off at both ends of Rozenburg Island, thereby forming Brielse Meer and connecting it to Voorne-Putten Island.
Beginning in the same period, most of the island was given over to industrial enterprise, part of the Port of Rotterdam (Botlek and Europoort). When these sea ports were being planned in the 1950s, the councils of Rotterdam and Rozenburg made the arrangement that Rotterdam would lead the development of the ports and industry, while Rozenburg would look after the housing of the expected population increase. The village of Blankenburg on the island had to be completely removed to make way for new canals and industry. The new housing developments were concentrated around the old village centre of Rozenburg on the Scheur branch. In a short period its population rose from 3,500 to over 14,000.
* Rozenburg Island in 1867, just before the construction of the Nieuwe Waterweg, its planned route visible in the top left corner.
* Rozenburg Island today, in green
* Windmill, molen de Hoop
# Nenorakam

Nenorakam is a 2017 Indian Telugu-language action thriller directed by Sudershan Salendra. The film stars Sairam Shankar and Reshmi Menon with Sarath Kumar in a supporting role. This film performed better than Shankar's previous films.

## Cast

* Sairam Shankar as Gautam
* Reshmi Menon as Swecha
* Sarath Kumar as Sarath
* Adithya Menon as Police officer
* Y. Kasi Viswanath as Swecha's father
* Prudhvi as Gautam's boss
* M. S. Narayana as Nandi Raju Srikanth
* Viva Harsha as Nandi Raju Srikanth's son
* Sudigali Sudheer as Sudheer
* Getup Srinu as Goon
* Vajja Venkata Giridhar as Gautam's friend
* Gautam Raju as Police officer
* Chammak Chandra as Goon

## Soundtrack

The songs were composed by Mahit Narayan.
* "Pidikedu Nadumu" – Jassie Gift
* "Choodakunda" – Prakash Parighosh
* "I Am So Crazy" – Swaraag Keerthan
* "Habbu Pabbu" – Bhargavi Pillai
* "Naa Cheli Yedhi" – Rahul Sipligunj

## Reception

Sify gave the film a rating of two-and-three quarters out of five stars and noted that "Nenorakam entertains here and there. Sarathkumar's character surprise will have its takers. The screenplay could have been much better towards the climax. Lack of intensity and pre-interval scenes are dampener". The Times of India gave the film a rating of two out of five stars and stated that "The film is a story of two halves, and the second half is definitely worth a watch for its cinematography and plot twists".
# Spring Lake Bridge

The Spring Lake Bridge is a historic bridge in the eastern part of Ozark-St. Francis National Forest, carrying County Road 35 across an inlet of Spring Lake known as Bob Barnes Branch, in the Spring Lake Recreation Area with the Ozark–St. Francis National Forest. It is a two-span closed-spandrel stone arch bridge with a total length of 36 feet (11 m). Each arch is 10 feet (3.0 m) long and 6 feet (1.8 m) high. Built in 1936 with federal funding, it is one of the state's finest examples of a stone arch bridge.
The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
# Tōshiya

The Tōshiya (通し矢, とおしや, lit. 'passing arrow') or the arrows which hit the target, was an archery exhibition contest held on the west veranda of Sanjūsangen-dō temple in Kyoto, Japan.

## History of the contest

The contest originated in the late 16th century dating back to 1606 when a samurai named Asaoka Heibei is said to have shot 51 arrows in rapid succession down the length of the veranda. In the beginning, archers shot arrows from the southern end of the veranda to the northern end where a curtain-like ornament was erected as a target. The contest gained popularity during the Edo period and by the late 17th century competitions between participants from the Owari and Kishū provinces were drawing big crowds. The Tōshiya would later be used as a motif in stories and film.
There were four distinct events at the competition:
* The Hyaku-i (百射, lit. 'one hundred shots') The archer who hit the target with the most out of 100 arrows was declared the winner.
* The Sen-i (千射, lit. 'one thousand shots') The archer who hit the target with the most out of 1000 arrows was declared the winner. In 1827, an 11-year-old named Kokura Gishichi successfully hit the target 995 times shooting from half the distance of the hall.
* The Hiyakazu (日矢数, lit. 'Number of arrows in a day') Boys who had not yet celebrated their Genpuku, or coming-of-age ceremony, could compete in this event. Archers would shoot as many arrows as possible for a 12-hour period during the day. In 1774, the third year of the An'ei era, Masaaki Noro, a 13-year-old from Kishū, shot 11,715 arrows with almost all of them hitting the target.
* The Ōyakazu (大矢数, lit. 'great many arrows') This event is said to date from the Keichō era. Archers would shoot as many arrows as possible for a 24-hour period, loosing an average of 10,000 arrows. On April 26, 1686, Wasa Daihachiro from Kishū successfully hit 8,133 out of 13,053 arrows averaging 544 arrows an hour, or 9 arrows a minute, and became the record holder.
Champions were honored by having a certificate hung in the temple showing their name, age, the number of arrows shot and the date of the competition.

## The contest today

In 1861, after 255 years, the Tōshiya ceased being held, but a contest based on the Tōshiya called Ōmato Taikai, or Tournament of the Great Target still continues today, drawing roughly 2,000 participants from throughout Japan. Archers shoot arrows into targets approximately 50–100 cm (20–39 in) in diameter and 60 meters (198 feet) away at the opposite end of the veranda. It is held on the second Sunday of January in conjunction with the temple's most important mass, the Yanagi-no-Okaji, or Rite of the Willow ritual and Japan's Coming of Age Day.