OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Skeleton Canyon massacres

    These events should not be confused with the Skeleton Canyon Shootout in 1896.
The Skeleton Canyon massacres refer to two separate attacks on Mexican citizens in 1879 and 1881. Skeleton Canyon is located in the Peloncillo Mountains (Hidalgo County), which straddles the modern Arizona and New Mexico state line border. This canyon connects the Animas Valley of New Mexico with the San Simon Valley of Arizona.

## 1879 Skeleton Canyon massacre

The first Skeleton Canyon Massacre occurred in 1879 when a group of Mexican Rurales were ambushed by cattle rustlers. In July 1879, several rustlers attacked a rancho in northern Sonora, killing several of the inhabitants. After the attack on the rancho, the survivors reported the attacks to Commandant Francisco Neri, who sent out a detachment of Rurales, including Captain Alfredo Carrillo. The Rurales crossed the border into Arizona. As they entered Skeleton Canyon, shots were fired against them. Of the large group that crossed, only three of the Rurales survived.
No action was taken by the Mexican Government, but it protested the killings to President Chester Arthur, although acknowledging the Mexican policemen had crossed into Arizona. Johnny Ringo, considered to be one of an outlaw group known as the Cochise County Cowboys, who were cattle rustlers and bandits, claimed to have been at the ambush. He said others there who participated in the murders were Old Man Clanton, brothers Ike and Billy Clanton, "Curly Bill" Brocius, Florentino Cruz, and brothers Frank and Tom McLaury.

## 1881 Skeleton Canyon massacre

In July 1881, "Curly Bill" Brocius learned that several Mexican smugglers carrying silver were heading to Arizona through Skeleton Canyon. Curly Bill and around twenty other men including Johnny Ringo and Jim Crane ambushed the smugglers, killing four and stealing $4,000 in bullion and livestock. Two months after the attack was reported by the surviving smugglers, Commandant Neri again sent a detachment of Rurales led by Captain Carrillo across the border. This time, the Rurales successfully ambushed the Cowboys, killing five including Old Man Clanton and Jim Crane, in what became known as the Guadalupe Canyon Massacre.

## In popular culture

* In 1958 an episode of the TV series Tombstone Territory portrayed the 1881 attack.
* In 1961, in episode 222 (Season 6/Episode 33), titled "Requiem for Old Man Clanton" of the TV series, "The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp" mentions the killings in Skeleton Canyon, leading the episode up to the story of what happened in Guadalupe Canyon.
# MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive

The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive is a website maintained by John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson and hosted by the University of St Andrews in Scotland. It contains detailed biographies on many historical and contemporary mathematicians, as well as information on famous curves and various topics in the history of mathematics.
The History of Mathematics archive was an outgrowth of Mathematical MacTutor system, a HyperCard database by the same authors, which won them the European Academic Software award in 1994. In the same year, they founded their web site. It has since expanded to include biographies of more than 3200 mathematicians and scientists.
In 2015, O'Connor and Robertson won the Hirst Prize of the London Mathematical Society for their work. The citation for the Hirst Prize calls the archive "the most widely used and influential web-based resource in history of mathematics".
# 1895 United Kingdom general election in Ireland

The 1895 United Kingdom general election in Ireland took place from 13 to 29 July 1895. The divide between the anti-Parnellite Irish National Federation and the pro-Parnellite Irish National League continued, and with only minor variation in seats. In the overall election result, the Conservative–Liberal Unionist coalition beat the Liberal Party government led by the Earl of Rosebery. Lord Salisbury returned as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, having previously served from 1885 to 1886, and again from 1886 to 1892.

## Results

| Party | Party | Leader | Seats | Seats | Seats | Votes | Votes | Votes |
| Party | Party | Leader | # of Seats | % of Seats | Seat Change | # of Votes | % of Votes | Vote Change |
| | Irish National Federation | Justin McCarthy | 69 | 68.0 | 1 | | | |
| | Irish National League | John Redmond | 12 | 10.7 | 2 | | | |
| | Irish Unionist | Edward James Saunderson | 18 | 17.4 | 1 | | | |
| | Liberal Unionist | Joseph Chamberlain | 4 | 3.9 | | | | |
| | Independent Nationalist | | 0 | 0 | | | | |
| | Independent Liberal | | 0 | 0 | | | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 103 | 100% | | | 100% | |
| Source: B.M. Walker |||||||||
Parliamentary seats
Irish National Federation
67.96%
Irish Unionist
17.47%
Irish National League
10.68%
Liberal Unionist
3.88% :
# Helen Boosalis

Helen Boosalis (née Geankoplis; August 28, 1919 - June 15, 2009) was an American Democratic Party politician from Nebraska.

## Early life

Helen Boosalis was born as Helen Geankoplis in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to Greek immigrant parents, where she grew up working in her father's Minneapolis restaurant. In 1945 she married Michael Gus "Mike" Boosalis, a World War II veteran and graduate of the University of Minnesota. Their daughter, Mary Beth, was born three years later. In 1951, the family moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, where her husband had accepted a job at the University of Nebraska.

## Career

In 1959 Boosalis was elected to the Lincoln City Council, scoring an upset victory over an incumbent, and was subsequently reelected three times. She won another upset victory over incumbent Sam Schwartzkopf to become the city's first woman mayor in 1975. From 1981 to 1982, she served as the first female President of the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
Shortly after completing her tenure as Mayor in 1983, Boosalis was appointed as Director of the Nebraska Department of Aging in the Cabinet of then-Governor Bob Kerrey. She served in that post until she announced her candidacy for Governor of Nebraska in the 1986 election. Boosalis received a plurality of the vote in the crowded Democratic primary with 43.8% of the votes.
Democratic gubernatorial primary results, May 13, 1986 :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Democratic | Helen Boosalis | 63,830 | 44.01 |
| Democratic | David Domina | 37,975 | 26.18 |
| Democratic | Chris Beutler | 31,605 | 21.79 |
| Democratic | Robert Prokop | 5,160 | 3.56 |
| Democratic | Marge Higgins | 4,433 | 3.06 |
| Democratic | Barton Chandler | 1,260 | .87 |
| Democratic | Mina Dillingham | 402 | .28 |
| Democratic | Write-in | 369 | .25 |
In the primary, Boosalis carried 77 of Nebraska's 93 counties, Domina carried 16 counties in the Northeast section of the state, and Beutler carried no counties.
Boosalis went on to lose to the Republican candidate, State Treasurer Kay A. Orr, in the general election. Boosalis received 47.1% of the vote, and Orr received 52.9%. This election was the first state gubernatorial election in U.S. history where the candidates of both major national parties were women.

### Post-politics

Following her electoral defeat, Boosalis was an active member of several state and national organizations, most notably serving as Chairwoman of Board of Directors of the American Association of Retired Persons.

## Personal life

Boosalis died from a brain tumor on June 15, 2009, at the age of 89.
# Ashina clan (Japan)

Ashina clan (Japanese: 蘆名氏, Hepburn: Ashina-shi) is a Japanese clan that emerged during the Sengoku period.

## History

The clan claims descent from Taira clan through the Miura clan. Sometimes the kanji Kan-on characters "芦名" and "葦名" are used also. The name came from the area called Ashina in the city of Yokosuka in Kanagawa Prefecture.
There were two branches of the clan: Sagami-Ashina (相模蘆名氏) and Aizu-Ashina (会津蘆名氏). Sagami-Ashina originated when Miura Yoshitsugu's third son adopted the name Ashina. Aizu-Ashina was descended from Miura Yoshiaki's son Sawara Yoshitsuru. During the Muromachi period the clan claimed the shugo of Aizu. In 1589 the clan suffered a severe loss against Date Masamune at the Battle of Suriagehara, leading to the demise of the clan.

## In popular media

The Ashina play a prominent role in Futaroh Yamada's novel Yagyu Ninpocho where, following their defeat by Masamune, they went into hiding only to emerge years later as shinobi in service to the daimyō of Aizu. They also appear in the 2019 video game Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice, which takes place in a fantasy version of the Sengoku Jidai. One other appearance of the clan is in Total War: Shogun 2. They are a non playable clan that the player may interact with.

## List of Head Family

* (Founder) Miura Yoshiaki (1092–1180)
* Sawara Yoshitsura, son of Yoshiaki
* Sawara Moritsura, son of Yoshitsura
* Ashina Mitsumori, son of Yoshitsura
* Ashina Yasumori, nephew of Mitsumori
* Ashina Morimune, son of Yasumori
* Ashina Morikazu (1285–1335), son of Morimune
* Ashina Naomori (1323–1391), brother of Morikazu
* Ashina Norimori (1346–1407), son of Naomori
* Ashina Morimune (1386–1434), son of Norimori
* Ashina Morihisa (1416–1444), son of Morimune
* Ashina Morinobu (1408–1451), brother of Morihisa
* Ashina Moriakira (1431–1466), son of Morinobu
* Ashina Moritaka (1448–1558), son of Moriakira
* Ashina Morishige (1482–1521), son of Moritaka
* Ashina Morikiyo (1490–1553), brother of Morishige
* Ashina Moriuji (1521–1561), son of Morikiyo
* Ashina Morioki (1547–1574), son of Moriuji
* Ashina Moritaka (1561–1584), adopted son of Morioki
* Ashina Kameomaru (1584–1586), son of Moritaka
* Ashina Yoshihiro (1575–1631), descendant of Sawara Yoshitsura’s brother.
* Ashina Moritoshi (1631–1651), son of Yoshihiro
* Ashina Sentsurumaru (1650–1653), son of Moritoshi
# R. T. Crowley

Robert T. Crowley (born March 2, 1948) is a pioneer in the development and practice of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), an early component of electronic commerce.
Crowley participated in the development of the early forms of EDI, working with Edward A. Guilbert, the creator of the technology, from the 1977 onwards, and assisted in the development of UN/EDIFACT, the international EDI standard developed through the United Nations. Active in many EDI projects around the world, he served as Chair of ANSI ASC X12, the US national standards body for EDI, from 1993 to 1995.
He is the founder of the EDI standards committee for the ocean transport industry (OCEAN), as well as the US Customs Electronic Systems Advisory Committee (CESAC), advising the US Customs Service (USCS) on matters of electronic commerce. Robert was also a founding member of TOPAS (Terminal Operator and Port Authority Subcommittee) that initiated EDI use between ship lines and terminal operators/ports.
Robert also served as Chair of the X12 Security Task Group for a number of years, and was one of the authors of the X12 technical report on the use of Extensible Markup Language XML for conducting EDI. He is now vice chair of ISO Technical Committee 154 US Technical Advisory Group (ISO TC154 US TAG), and Editor of document ISO8601 Representation of Dates and Times.
# Venice Challenge Save Cup

The Venice Challenge Save Cup is a tennis tournament held in Mestre, Italy since 2014. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2018 | Gianluigi Quinzi | Gian Marco Moroni | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2017 | João Domingues | Sebastian Ofner | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–4 |
| 2016 | Gastão Elias | Horacio Zeballos | 7–6$^{(7–0)}$, 6–2 |
| 2015 | Máximo González | Jozef Kovalík | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2014 | Pablo Cuevas | Marco Cecchinato | 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2018 | Marin Draganja Tomislav Draganja | Romain Arneodo Danilo Petrović | 6–4, 6–7$^{(2–7)}$, [10–2] |
| 2017 | Ken Skupski Neal Skupski | Julian Knowle Igor Zelenay | 5–7, 6–4, [10–5] |
| 2016 | Fabrício Neis Caio Zampieri | Kevin Krawietz Dino Marcan | 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 4–6, [12–10] |
| 2015 | Flavio Cipolla Potito Starace | Facundo Bagnis Sergio Galdós | 5–7, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, [10–4] |
| 2014 | Pablo Cuevas Horacio Zeballos | Daniele Bracciali Potito Starace | 6–4, 6–1 |
# Fulk-Arkansas Democrat Building

The Fulk-Arkansas Democrat Building is a historic newspaper headquarters building at 613-615 Main Street in Little Rock, Arkansas. It was built in 1916 by the estate of Francis Fulk, a prominent local judge, and was designed by Charles L. Thompson. It was built on the foundation of a 1911 structure (also a Thompson design) that was destroyed by fire before it was finished. It was occupied by the Arkansas Democrat newspaper from 1917 until 1930, when it moved to the YMCA–Democrat Building. The building is of architectural importance for its association with Thompson, and its surviving Classical Revival details.
The building was converted to apartments around 2016.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.
# Fullerton City Hall

The historic Fullerton Police Station, formerly Fullerton City Hall, at 237 W. Commonwealth Ave. in Fullerton, California, was built during 1939 to 1942. It was designed in Mission Revival style by influential architect G. Stanley Wilson, and was made of poured concrete. Ceramic tiles and terra cotta for the project were produced by Gladding, McBean and Company.
The current city hall, at 303 W. Commonwealth Avenue, is in the New Formalism style of architect. The front arches are inspired by the original city hall and the terra cotta color salutes the roofing material used in the first city hall.
The historic building has included the Fullerton Police Department, the Fullerton Jail and the Wayne H. Bornhoft Facility. It has served as a city hall, a courthouse, and a meeting hall.
# St. Walburga's Academy

St. Walburga's Academy of the Society of the Holy Child Jesus is an historic academy located at 630 Riverside Drive and 140th Street in New York City.
Construction on the Gothic Revival structure designed by architect John W. Kearney began in 1911, and in 1913 the school opened, serving as both a boarding and day school for girls. In 1957, the school relocated to Rye, New York and changed its name to the School of the Holy Child. In 1980, school was the filming location for the film, Inferno. The Fortune Society, a non-profit organisation dedicated to assisting persons released from prison in reintegrating into society, bought the property in 1998 and refurbished it. In April 2002, the newly named Fortune Academy opened and can house up to 62 homeless previously incarcerated individuals. On July 28, 2004, St. Walburga's Academy was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
# Clare Wheatley

Clare Wheatley (born 4 February 1971) is a football administrator and former player for Arsenal Ladies who played as a wing back.

## Playing career

Wheatley started playing football at her grammar school before the school banned its pupils from playing football. When she was studying to be a Physical Education teacher at Sheffield City Polytechnic, she joined Sheffield Wednesday Ladies. In 1993, she played for Chelsea Ladies. In 1995, after a successful training camp, she joined Arsenal Ladies and was reminded by manager Vic Akers "Arsenal Ladies is not a social club". A year later she made her debut for the England women's national football team as a substitute. In 1997, she suffered an anterior cruciate ligament injury in a match against Millwall Lionesses, which meant she could not play for a whole season nor do her job as a PE teacher, but she returned in 1998. Following her return, she did not receive another England call-up. In 2001, following an injury playing against Doncaster Belles, Wheatley was forced to retire. In 2004, she came out of retirement to play two more seasons for Arsenal before again retiring from playing in 2005.
She was allotted 115 when the FA announced their legacy numbers scheme to honour the 50th anniversary of England’s inaugural international.

## Administration

During Wheatley's time injured in 1997, Akers had been appointed as kitman for Arsenal, so she could take over his role as club development officer. When she had to give up playing, she remained as the club's development officer. In 2014, when Akers retired, Wheatley succeeded him as the General Manager of Arsenal Ladies. In 2020, Arsenal Women were fined £50,000 for discrimination after it was found by a Football Association tribunal that Wheatley had fired a youth coach who had been diagnosed with autism.

## Honours

Arsenal
* FA Cup: 1998–99, 2000-01, 2003-04
# Michael Laufer

Michael Swan Laufer (sometimes styled as Mixæl Laufer) is the de facto leader of the open-source anarchist biohacking network, Four Thieves Vinegar Collective. Laufer is notable for creating the EpiPencil, an open source alternative to the Epipen.

## Education

Laufer has a Ph.D. in mathematics and physics from the CUNY Graduate Centre.

## Career

Laufer is the director of mathematics at Silicon Valley's Menlo College, and a part time teacher of mathematics at San Quentin State Prison, California. Laufer is also a Senior Research Fellow at the UNESCO Crossings Institute.
In 2008 Laufer went to El Salvador where he saw hospitals that had run out of birth control medicine, he founded the Four Thieves Vinegar Collective shortly afterwards.
Laufer publicly shared videos in 2016 that illustrated how to manufacture generic version of the Epi-Pen epinephrine auto-injector from components readily available to the public.
Laufer is working on a DIY controlled lab reactor that he calls the Apothecary MicroLab that will allow people to manufacture their own pharmaceuticals at home. The first version is able to manufacture pyrimethamine, the same drug that in 2016 increased in price in USA from $13 to $750 in 2019. Laufer's work is both about access to medicine and about the right to personal autonomy and information, seeking to undo a trend that has put healthcare decision-making in the control of financially motivated private actors. Laufer believes that providing lifesaving medication to those in need justifies violation of intellectual property rights. He wants to find simple ways to produce emergency contraceptives and common medications for HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C.
In 2019 Laufer co-created a mesh-network sub-dermal implant that costs less than US$50, allowing humans to internally carry wireless routers. Soon after, he had one implanted in himself.
# Rune Pedersen (referee)

Rune Pedersen (born 19 May 1963) is a former football referee, representing SK Sprint-Jeløy. He was regarded as the best match official in Norway during the 1990s, and won the Kniksen award for "Referee of the year" 10 times between 1990 and 2000. In 1993 Roy Helge Olsen prevented Pedersen from 10 consecutive wins.
In 1998, Pedersen became the first Norwegian referee to appear in the main tournament of the FIFA World Cup. He refereed the group stage match between Argentina and Jamaica, and the quarter-final between Croatia and Germany where he gave Christian Wörns a straight red card for a foul near the end of the first half. In the first leg of the 2000–01 UEFA Cup semi-finals between Alavés and Kaiserslautern, Pedersen awarded four penalties (three for Alavés and one for Kaiserslautern) as Alavés won 5–1.
Rune Pedersen also won the Kniksen's honorary award in 1998. After retiring Pedersen was the Head of Referees for the Football Association of Norway until 2014.
# Crocodile Shoes

Crocodile Shoes is a British 13-part television drama set across two series and was made by the BBC. It was screened on BBC1 in 1994 (Series 1) and in 1996 (Series 2).
The first series, comprising seven episodes, was written by and starred Jimmy Nail as a factory worker who becomes a country and western singer. The show's eponymous theme tune "Crocodile Shoes" became a chart hit for Nail, as did the album of the same name.
A sequel, comprising six episodes, Crocodile Shoes II, followed in 1996 and the theme tune "Country Boy" was a hit for Nail too.
Paddy McAloon of Prefab Sprout supplied five original songs to the two series, all of them recorded by Jimmy Nail.
The series was re-screened on UK channel, Drama, in February 2016.

## Main cast

* Jimmy Nail as Jed Shepperd
* James Wilby as Ade Lynn
* Sammy Johnson as Archie Pate
* Melanie Hill as Emma Shepperd
* Amy Madigan as Carmel Cantrell
* Burt Young as Lou Benedetti
* Brian Capron as Rex Hall
* Christopher Fairbank as Alan Clarke
* Alex Kingston as Caroline Carrison
* Elizabeth Carling as Wendy
* John Bowler as Albert Peplo
* Paul Palance as Chrissie "Big Chrissie"
* Berwick Kaler as George
* Peter Wingfield as Danny
* Stuart Greer as Pete
* Ginny Holder as Sue Nbokei

## Crew

* Jimmy Nail Scriptwriter, executive Producer
* David Richards Director (Episodes 1–3)
* Robert Knights Director (Episode 4)
* Malcolm Mowbray Director (Episode 5)
* Jen Samson Executive Producer
* Linda James Executive Producer
* Peter Schmidthausen Floor Manager
# Dictyochloris

Dictyochloris is a genus of green algae in the class Chlorophyceae. It is the sole genus of the family Dictyochloridaceae. It is commonly found in terrestrial and subaerial habitats.
The genus Dictyochloris was first described by Wilhelm Vischer in 1945. Later, it was re-investigated by Richard C. Starr in 1955. It is not to be confused with Dictyochloris Korshikov, which is an later (and thus illegitimate) homonym because it was described after Vischer used the name Dictyochloris. Because it is illegitimate, that genus was renamed to Dictyochlorella.

## Etymology

The scientific name Dictyochloris has roots in the Greek language. The prefix “dictyo” is derived from the Greek word “δίκτυο” or “díktyo” meaning “network”, which is in reference to the net-like chloroplast present in this genus. The medial “-chloro-” is from “χλωρός” or “chloros” meaning “the colour green” because of the green pigment, chlorophyll, which colors the algae.

## Description

Dictyochloris consists of solitary, spherical cells surrounded by a thin cell wall. Cells are coenocytic, i.e. have multiple nuclei. The chloroplast is net-like, parietal when young, developing into an irregular three-dimensional network. Chloroplasts lack pyrenoids.
Dictyochloris reproduces asexually via zoospores or aplanospores, which are produced when the mother cell's contents repeatedly undergo binary fission. Zoospores bear an eyespot and two flagella, one of which is slightly longer than the other.
The genus is morphologically similar to Dictyochloropsis, which also has chloroplasts in the form of an irregular, three-dimensional network of strands. However, Dictyochloropsis has one nucleus at maturity while Dictyochloris has multiple nuclei. Some Dictyochloropsis species have been transferred to a new genus, Symbiochloris.
# Sociedad General de Escritores de México

The Sociedad General de Escritores de México (SOGEM) (English: General Society of Writers of Mexico) is an association of Mexican writers founded in 1976 with its headquarters in Mexico City, Mexico. It is in charge of protecting the copyright of its members, in addition to promoting and disseminating literary production. It is part of the International Confederation of Societies of Authors and Composers, an organization that brings together the different societies of authors around the world. It contains Mexico's oldest school of creative writing called Escuela de Escritores which its graduates have achieved more than 250 literary awards. Recognized Mexican writers such as Alberto Chimal, Vicente Leñero, Emilio Carballido, and Gonzalo Soltero, among others, have taught in their classrooms.