# Volyně

Volyně (German: Wolin) is a town in Strakonice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

## Administrative division

Volyně consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Volyně (2,789)
* Černětice (67)
* Račí (19)
* Starov (46)
* Zechovice (85)
Černětice and Račí form an exclave of the municipal territory.

## Etymology

The origin of the name Volyně is unknown. There are hypotheses that it was derived from a Slavic tribe which came from the area of today's Ukraine.

## Geography

Volyně is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Strakonice and 46 km (29 mi) northwest of České Budějovice. It lies in the Bohemian Forest Foothills. The highest point is a nameless hill at 769 metres (2,523 ft) above sea level. The Volyňka River flows through the town.

## History

According to archaeological findings, a Slavic settlement was built on the site of today's town in the 7th century. The first written mention of Volyně is from 1271, when a gord was documented here. In 1299, the settlement was promoted to a town. In 1327, the parish church and town fortifications were completed. In the 15th century, the Volyně waged a long-standing and ultimately victorious dispute with the royal town of Písek over the import of salt and the payment of tolls. The town's prosperity peaked before the Thirty Years' War.
During the war, Volyně suffered from looting, fires and passage of troops. After the war, despite several fires and plague epidemics, the town continued to grow and spread beyond the town walls. The face of the town changed significantly in the 19th century, when the square was paved and new multi-story buildings began to be built.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 3,495 | — |
| 1880 | 3,738 | +7.0% |
| 1890 | 3,757 | +0.5% |
| 1900 | 4,018 | +6.9% |
| 1910 | 4,131 | +2.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 3,993 | −3.3% |
| 1930 | 3,930 | −1.6% |
| 1950 | 3,349 | −14.8% |
| 1961 | 3,144 | −6.1% |
| 1970 | 2,970 | −5.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 3,162 | +6.5% |
| 1991 | 3,251 | +2.8% |
| 2001 | 3,194 | −1.8% |
| 2011 | 2,981 | −6.7% |
| 2021 | 3,006 | +0.8% |
Source: Censuses :

## Education

The town is known as a local centre of education. Apart from preschool education and a primary/secondary school, there is Higher Vocational School and Secondary Industrial School. It was founded in 1864.

## Transport

The I/4 road (the section from Strakonice to the Czech-German border in Strážný) passes through the town.
Volyně is located on the railway line Strakonice–Volary.

## Sights

The historic town centre is formed by Svobody Square and adjacent streets. The main landmark of the square is the Renaissance town hall, built between 1521 and 1529. Other historical buildings include Gothic fortress from the 14th century, Church of All Saints from same period, Church of the Transfiguration, which was built between 1580 and 1618, and Jewish synagogue that dates from 1939. A Marian column located in the middle of the town square dates from 1760.

## Notable people

* Josef Niklas (1817–1877), architect
* Josef Kaizl (1854–1901), economist and politician
* Jan Rubeš (1920–2009), opera singer and actor

## Twin towns – sister cities

Volyně is twinned with:
* Aidenbach, Germany
* Kováčová, Slovakia