OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vetting

Vetting is the process of performing a background check on someone before offering them employment, conferring an award, or doing fact-checking prior to making any decision. In addition, in intelligence gathering, assets are vetted to determine their usefulness.

## Etymology

To vet was originally a horse-racing term, referring to the requirement that a horse be checked for health and soundness by a veterinarian before being allowed to race. Thus, it has taken the general meaning "to check".
It is a figurative contraction of veterinarian, which originated in the mid-17th century. The colloquial abbreviation dates to the 1860s; the verb form of the word, meaning "to treat an animal," came a few decades later—according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest known usage is 1891—and was applied primarily in a horse-racing context ("He vetted the stallion before the race," "You should vet that horse before he races", etc.).
By the early 1900s, vet had begun to be used as a synonym for evaluate, especially in the context of searching for flaws.

## Political selection

Candidates for political office are often thoroughly vetted.

### United States
#### Vice presidential nominees

In the United States, following longstanding convention, a party's presidential nominee is expected to choose a vice presidential candidate to accompany them on their ticket. The practical reason for this is to ensure that presidential electors who are pledged to vote for a particular candidate for president can also be pledged to vote for a particular and separate candidate for vice president, thus making it highly likely that a clear majority of electors will elect political allies for president and vice president in accordance with the procedure set forth in the Twelfth Amendment.
As a rule, in modern presidential elections, no person will be seriously considered for the vice presidential nomination without first undergoing a thorough evaluation by a team of advisers acting on behalf of the nominee. In later stages of the vetting process, the team will examine such items as a prospective vice presidential candidate's finances, personal conduct, and previous coverage in the media. The hurried vetting that preceded the selection by Republican nominee John McCain of his running mate Sarah Palin in 2008 was seen by many political observers as a mistake.

## Transitional justice

Vetting is also a term used in the field of transitional justice. When countries undergo a transition process—after a period of armed conflict or authoritarian rule—they must determine what to do with public employees who perpetrated human rights abuses. They also must examine and revise the institutional structures that allowed such abuses to occur. Vetting is the set of processes for assessing the integrity of individuals (such as their adherence to relevant human rights standards) in order to determine their suitability for public employment. Countries transitioning to democracy and peace often utilize such processes to ensure that abusive or incompetent public employees are excluded from future public service.
# Ali Wahaib Shnaiyn

Ali Wahaib Shnaiyn (Arabic: عَلِيّ وَهِيب شَنِين; born 24 December 1975) is a former Iraqi international footballer.

## Career
### Club football

Born in Baghdad, Shnaiyn turned professional in 1993 and has played club football in Iraq with Talaba, Arbil, Al-Shorta, Al-Naft and Al-Kahraba; in Qatar for Al-Taawun; in Romania for Sportul Studenţesc, Oţelul Galaţi and Petrolul Ploieşti; and in the United Arab Emirates for Al-Arabi.
During his time in Romania, Shnaiyn appeared in five friendly games, three youth matches, one Divizia A game, and one Cupa Ligii game.

## International career

Between 2000 and 2003, Shnaiyn scored one goal in fourteen appearances for the Iraqi national team.

### International goals

Scores and results list Iraq's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 1 September 2002 | Al Abbassiyyine Stadium, Damascus | Palestine | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2002 WAFF |
# Bere Ferrers rail accident

The Bere Ferrers rail accident occurred at Bere Ferrers railway station in England on 24 September 1917 when ten soldiers from New Zealand alighted from their troop train on the wrong side of the train, having assumed they should leave by the same side they had entered, and were struck and killed by an oncoming express.

## The accident

Two troopships of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, the Ulimaroa and the Norman had just arrived at Plymouth Sound from New Zealand, and the soldiers were en route to Sling Camp on Salisbury Plain. Their train left Plymouth Friary railway station at 15:00, the soldiers had not eaten since 06:00 that morning and had been told that at the train's first stop, Exeter, two men from each carriage could collect provisions from the brake van.
In response to a signal the train made an unscheduled stop at Bere Ferrers station at 15:52. The length of the train meant that the end carriages were outside the station and those aboard assumed that this must be Exeter station. Eager to break their ten-hour fast and ignoring the 'two from each carriage' rule, many jumped down, some onto the down-line track.
The London Waterloo to Plymouth express train had left Exeter on time at 14:12 and had made its previous stop at Tavistock. As it approached Bere Ferrers the driver noticed the stationary train and gave a prolonged blast on his whistle, but there is a sharp turn on the approach to the station and the driver was unable to see the soldiers on the track ahead until it was too late.
The express was travelling at 40 mph (65 km/h) and nine soldiers were killed instantly before the express managed to come to a halt a quarter of a mile (400 m) beyond the station. A tenth died later in Tavistock Hospital. One of the survivors said "We never thought of expresses travelling at 40 miles per hour. They don't travel at that rate in New Zealand. It was a wonder more of us were not killed." The inquest revealed that the men instinctively exited the train from the same side they had entered, placing them on the railway's other track. They would also have been unaware that in Britain all stations had high platforms, unlike New Zealand and many other parts of the world where it was normal to climb down carriage steps at stations.

## Remembering the dead

The dead were buried in Efford Cemetery in Plymouth, but a brass tablet was unveiled in St Andrew's Church, Bere Ferrers, the year after the accident and a plaque was also erected at the station. A further plaque was unveiled in 2001 in their memory in the village centre following a request by the New Zealand National Army Museum.
# Tanque Verde High School

Tanque Verde High School is a comprehensive public high school located in the suburban community of Tanque Verde northeast of Tucson, Arizona. Tanque Verde is the only high school in the Tanque Verde Unified School District. Tanque Verde was established in 2005 under the Twenty First Century School model designed by Bill Gates and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The school's first graduating class had their commencement May 21, 2008 with 20 students, all receiving various honors and scholarships for college.
The school and community name (Spanish for Green Tank) originates from a prominent and algae-filled stock watering tank in the area in the late 19th century. The school mascot is the Hawk, and the school colors are green, black, and silver.
Tanque Verde is statistically one of the highest academically achieving schools in Arizona. Since 2006 the school has been academically classified as Excelling by the Arizona Department of Education (top 10 percent in Arizona).

## School history

Prior to the establishment of Tanque Verde High School, district students in grades 10–12 attended nearby Sabino High School in the Tucson Unified School District. The establishment of Tanque Verde High School was a considerable controversy in the community. The school district endured a recall election when the school board split on whether to build a high school on North Catalina Highway. One member, a proponent of the high school, was voted out of office in favor of a replacement candidate who shifted the board majority to opposition of the high school. The proposed site was abandoned. However, the school board ultimately voted to open the high school on the same campus as Emily Gray Junior High School, avoiding the need to acquire a separate high school site. As of the 2011–12 school year, Emily Gray Junior High was relocated to a new campus.

## Academics

The curriculum at Tanque Verde has been designed to meet the high academic standards of the community. It also currently boasts a Presidential Award for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching recipient, Dr. Grayzna Zreda.

## Athletics

Tanque Verde presently competes in the Arizona Interscholastic Association 3A Conference. The school has won two baseball championships, in 2009 and 2011. Cheerleading won first place at Cactus Cup State Competition and placed in fifth at West Coast Regional Championship for small Co-Ed Varsity in the 2011–2012 school year.

## Attendance boundaries

The Tanque Verde School District encompasses 77 square miles (200 km$^2$) on the far northeast side of the Tucson Metropolitan Area.

### Feeder schools

As the district's only high school, all schools within the district are located within the high school attendance area. Elementary schools include Agua Caliente and Tanque Verde. Emily Gray Junior High School is the only middle school in the Tanque Verde School District. The district-wide enrollment is 1,457 students.
# Joe Hopkins

Joseph Hopkins was a British race walker.
# John Hedley Brooke

John Hedley Brooke (born 20 May 1944) is a British historian of science specialising in the relationship between science and religion.

## Biography

Born on 20 May 1944, Brooke is the son of Hedley Joseph Brooke, and Margaret Brooke, née Brown. He was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Retford, then Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. On 30 August 1972, he married Janice Marian Heffer.

### Academic career

He was a Research Fellow at Fitzwilliam College from 1967 to 1968, then a Tutorial Fellow at the University of Sussex from 1968 to 1969. He was on the faculty of Lancaster University from 1969 to 1999, rising from Lecturer to Professor of History of Science. With Geoffrey Cantor he gave the Gifford Lectures at the University of Glasgow in 1995. He was appointed the first Andreas Idreos Professor of Science and Religion at The University of Oxford in 1999, where he directed the Ian Ramsey Centre and was a Fellow of Harris Manchester College, Oxford. After his retirement in 2006, he became an Emeritus Fellow of Harris Manchester College and was a Distinguished Fellow of the Institute of Advanced Study in the University of Durham in 2007.
He was the editor of the British Journal for the History of Science from 1989 to 1993. He was the president of the British Society for the History of Science from 1996 to 1998, and has been the president of Science and Religion Forum since 2006. He was also the president of the International Society for Science and Religion (ISSR) from 2008 to 2011. Brooke was subsequently made an Honorary Fellow (HonFISSR).
Evaluations of John Hedley Brooke's contribution to the historiography of "science and religion" can be found in: Science and Religion: New Historical Perspectives (ed. T Dixon, G N Cantor and S Pumfrey) 2010 and Rethinking History, Science and Religion: An Exploration of Conflict and the Complexity Principle (ed. B Lightman) 2019

## Publications
### Books

* Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives (1991 and 2014)
* Thinking About Matter (1995)
* Reconstructing Nature: The Engagement of Science and Religion (with G. N. Cantor, 1998)
* Science in Theistic Contexts (ed. 2001)
* Heterodoxy in Early Modern Science and Religion (ed. 2005)
* Religious Values and the Rise of Science in Europe (ed. 2005)
* Science & Religion around the World (ed. 2011)
Other publications number more than one hundred journal articles and book chapters including contributions to:The Cambridge Companion to Darwin; The Cambridge Companion to the "Origin of Species"; The Cambridge Companion to Science and Religion
The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science; The Oxford Handbook of Nineteenth-Century British Philosophy; The Oxford Handbook of the Reception History of the Bible; The Oxford Handbook of Natural Theology (editorial consultant)

## Quotes

* ...I believe we have to revisit and resist the common assumption that scientific progress has been the main cause of secularisation.
# Maccoy's elf skink

Anepischetosia maccoyi, also known commonly as the highlands forest-skink, highlands forest skink, Maccoy's elf skink, or McCoy's skink, is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Anepischetosia, and is endemic to Australia.

## Etymology

The specific name, maccoyi, is in honor of Irish zoologist Frederick McCoy.

## Taxonomy

The generic name, Anepischetosia, was created by Australian herpetologists Richard W. Wells and C. Ross Wellington in 1985 to replace the generic name, Anepischetos, which was preoccupied by a genus of moths. Anepischetosia is in the subfamily Eugongylinae.

## Reproduction

A. maccoyi appears to be ovoviviparous. The Reptile Database describes the species as being oviparous. However, Lucas and Frost, in their original description of the species in 1894, wrote, "Young developed within the body of the parent, eight or nine being brought forth in January or February."
# Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives

Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives is a book on the relationship between religion and science by John Hedley Brooke.
The book identifies three traditional views of the relationship between science and religion found in historical analyses: conflict, complementarity, and commonality. The book portrays all three as oversimplifications. It offers up the alternative notion of complexity, which bases the relationship between science and religion on changing circumstances where it is defined upon each particular historical situation and the actual beliefs and ideas of the scientific and religious figures involved.

## Reception

American Historical Review states that the book's bibliographic essay "identifies and … incorporates the results of virtually every significant and relevant article published in the past fifty years."
# Baron Ashton of Hyde

Baron Ashton of Hyde, of Hyde in the County of Chester, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 28 June 1911 for the industrialist and Liberal politician Thomas Ashton. He had earlier represented Hyde and Luton in the House of Commons.
Since 2008, the title has been held by his great-grandson, the fourth Baron, who won a by-election to the House of Lords in July 2011 taking the Earl of Onslow's room. Ashton was appointed Chief Whip and Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms in July 2019.

## Barons Ashton of Hyde (1911)

* Thomas Gair Ashton, 1st Baron Ashton of Hyde (1855–1933)
* Thomas Henry Raymond Ashton, 2nd Baron Ashton of Hyde (1901–1983)
* Thomas John Ashton, 3rd Baron Ashton of Hyde (1926–2008)
* (Thomas) Henry Ashton, 4th Baron Ashton of Hyde (born 1958)
The heir presumptive is the present holder's brother, the Hon. John Edward Ashton (born 1966). At this time, there are no further heirs to the barony.
# Boloria astarte

Boloria astarte, the Astarte fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found from northwestern North America to northeastern Siberia. It is found as far south as Montana and Washington.
The wingspan is 42–51 mm. The butterfly flies from mid-June to mid-August.
The larvae feed on spotted saxifrage (Saxifraga bronchialis).

## Subspecies

* Boloria astarte astarte (northern British Columbia)
* Boloria astarte distincta (Alaska, Yukon and Northwest Territories)
# Merlin Sheldrake

Merlin Sheldrake (born 1987) is a British mycologist and writer known for his work on mycorrhiza.

## Early life and education

Merlin Sheldrake was born in 1987 in London to Rupert Sheldrake, an English author and parapsychology researcher, and Jill Purce, a therapist. He grew up near Hampstead Heath in London. His brother, Cosmo Sheldrake, is a musician. As a teenager, Sheldrake was influenced by Paul Stamets, a self-taught "fungal evangelist," and Karl von Frisch's book Animal Architecture.
Sheldrake received his undergraduate degree from the University of Cambridge in biological sciences, where he also earned a master's degree in the history and philosophy of science and later a PhD in tropical ecology. He studied underground fungal networks in Panama's tropical forests as a predoctoral research fellow at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.

## Career

In 2020, Sheldrake published his first book, Entangled Life, which was a bestseller in both The Sunday Times and The New York Times booklists and received the 2021 Royal Society Science Book Prize. Entangled Life has positioned Merlin Sheldrake as a leading advocate for fungi. He has presented an IMAX film called Fungi: Web of Life which was narrated by Björk and filmed in Tasmania's Tarkine rainforest.
Inspired by Sheldrake's book, couture designer Iris van Herpen created a collection based on fungi, featuring designs mimicking chanterelle mushrooms and hyphae.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sheldrake and his brother co-founded a business called Sheldrake & Sheldrake that sells fermented hot sauce.
In 2021, Sheldrake consulted on Stella McCartney's fungal-themed Paris runway show, which featured a soundtrack by his brother, Cosmo Sheldrake that used a device to convert mycelium's electrical signals into musical notes.
Sheldrake works with the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks, which aims to map and protect global mycorrhizal diversity. He also works with mycologist Giuliana Furci and NYU law professor César Rodríguez Garavito to create legal protections for fungi, contributing to a larger movement that aims to provide legal representation for non-human living entities.
Since 2023, he has been a research associate at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in the Netherlands. In November 2023, Tatler described Sheldrake as a figure-heard of the new vanguard of Bopeas, or "Bohemian Peasants", a socio-cultural group evolving from the Bobos who combine creative expression with a neo-medieval rooted "peasant" worldview.

## Personal life

Sheldrake is married to the poet Erin Robinsong.
# Borsalino & Co.

Borsalino & Co. is a 1974 French crime film directed by Jacques Deray and starring Alain Delon, Riccardo Cucciolla and Daniel Ivernel. It is the sequel to the 1970 film Borsalino, opening with the criminal Siffredi as he searches Marseille for the gang that murdered his friend Capella.

## Plot

Siffredi, a prominent gangster in 1930s Marseille, learns that the murder of his associate and closest friend Capella was ordered by a new arrival in the city, Volpone. In revenge, he kills Volpone's brother by throwing him from a moving train. A gang war ensues. Volpone's men win, capturing Siffredi and putting his mistress Lola in a brothel. Siffredi is humiliated by the gang by turning him into an alcoholic wreck who is shut up in a psychiatric hospital. Rescued by the only other survivor of the gang, he escapes by boat to Italy. Left supreme in Marseille, Volpone is backed by the government of Nazi Germany and has the police in his pocket.
Three years later, Siffredi has recovered his health, made some money and assembled a new gang. Returning to Marseille, they free Lola from the brothel and in a new war eliminate most of Volpone's men. Capturing Volpone’s right-hand man together with the police commissioner who kowtows to him, Siffredi makes the two roaring drunk and calls in journalists to publicise the shameful spectacle. A new police commissioner decides to let Siffredi finish the job. When Volpone tries to flee to Germany, Siffredi captures him on the train and stuffs him into the firebox of the locomotive. Not wanting to start again in Marseille, with Lola and his gang he then takes a ship for the United States.

## Partial cast

* Alain Delon - Roch Siffredi
* Riccardo Cucciolla - Volpone
* Daniel Ivernel - Inspector Fanti
* Reinhard Kolldehoff - Sam
* André Falcon - Inspector Cazenave
* Lionel Vitrant - Fernand
* Adolfo Lastretti - Luciano
* Greg Germain - Le 'Nègre'
* Pierre Koulak - Spada
* Marius Laurey - Teissere
* Serge Davri - Charlie
* Günter Meisner - Le médecin
* Jacques Debary - Le préfet
* Djéloul Beghoura - Lucien
* Bruno Balp - Un spectateur de l'Alcazar
* Catherine Rouvel - Lola
* Anton Diffring - German
* Mireille Darc - Cameo

## Production

Filming took place from 29 March to 25 June 1974.

## Reception

The film was a box office disappointment, especially considering the success of the first movie.
# Low Level Bridge (Fairmont, West Virginia)

Low Level Bridge is the nickname of a bridge that was in Fairmont, West Virginia.

## History

In 1908, after rapid growth in population due to industry, a steel bridge was erected in Fairmont to replace the old suspension bridge across the Monongahela River. The bridge was called the "Nickel Bridge" because one had to pay a nickel toll in order to cross it. It was also called the "Low Level Bridge" because it was downstream from the Robert H. Mollohan-Jefferson Street Bridge which was on a higher level. Over the years, it fell into poor repair and was closed after it was found to be unsafe in the late 1980s. The bridge sat unused for many years and was demolished in the 2000s. The only remnant from the bridge is a pier that still stands in the middle of the Monongahela River.
# Sibley Township, Cloud County, Kansas

Sibley Township is a township in Cloud County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 178.

## Geography

Sibley Township covers an area of 35.88 square miles (92.9 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Gottland, Saron and Sibley.
The streams of Buffalo Creek, Grave Creek, Hay Creek and Lost Creek run through this township.