OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Svitlana Mayboroda

Svitlana Mayboroda (Ukrainian: Світлана Майборода; born 1981) is a Ukrainian mathematician who works as a professor of mathematics at the University of Minnesota and ETH Zurich.

## Research

Mayboroda's research concerns harmonic analysis geometric measure theory and partial differential equations, including boundary value problems for elliptic partial differential equations. In particular, her work has provided a new mathematical approach to Anderson localization, a phenomenon in physics in which waves are confined to a local region rather than propagating throughout a medium, and has enjoyed wide ranging applications in condensed matter physics, cold atoms systems, research and engineering of organic and nonorganic semiconductor materials and devices.

## Education and career

Mayboroda was born on June 2, 1981, in Kharkiv. She earned the Ukrainian equivalent of two master's degrees, one in finance and one in applied mathematics, from the University of Kharkiv in 2001, and completed her Ph.D. in 2005 from the University of Missouri under the supervision of Marius Mitrea. After visiting positions at the Australian National University, Ohio State University, and Brown University, she joined the Purdue University faculty in 2008, and moved to the University of Minnesota in 2011. In 2023, she joined the ETH Zurich faculty.

## Recognition

Mayboroda was a Sloan Research Fellow for 2010–2015. In 2013, she became the inaugural winner of the Sadosky Research Prize in Analysis of the Association for Women in Mathematics. In 2015 she was elected as a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. In 2016, she was awarded the first Northrop Professorship at the University of Minnesota. and in 2020 she became the McKnight Presidential Professor. She was an invited speaker at the 2018 International Congress of Mathematicians, speaking in the section on Analysis and Operator Algebras. She became the 2023 National Blavatnik Laureate in Physical Sciences & Engineering, given to an outstanding scientist under the age of 42. That same year, she was elected to the European Academy of Sciences. She is the founder and the Director of the Simons Collaboration on Localization of Waves.
# Pietro Fantin

Pietro Fantin (born 28 November 1991 in Curitiba) is a Brazilian racing driver.

## Career

Fantin began his racing career in karting, where he remained until 2009. In 2010 he began his formula racing career. For Hitech Racing Brazil he participated in 9 of 24 races in the Formula Three Sudamericana. He won three races and achieved five podium finishes. In the championship, he concluded the season in the ninth position. Moreover, he completed nine starts as a guest driver for Hitech Racing in the 2010 British Formula 3 season. In 2011 he competes in the British Formula 3 Championship as a regular driver of Hitech Racing. Fantin finished the 2011 season on eighth position.
For 2012 Fantin will drive for Carlin in British Formula 3 Championship.

## Racing record
### Career summary

| Season | Series | Team Name | Races | Poles | Wins | Podiums | F/Laps | Points | Final Placing |
| 2010 | Formula 3 Sudamericana | Hitech Racing Brazil | 9 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 108 | 9th |
| 2010 | British Formula 3 | Hitech Racing | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 81 | NC† |
| 2011 | British Formula 3 | Hitech Racing | 30 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 119 | 8th |
| 2011 | Macau Grand Prix | Hitech Racing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | 11th |
| 2012 | British Formula 3 | Carlin | 28 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 195 | 7th |
| 2013 | Formula Renault 3.5 Series | Arden Caterham | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 21st |
| 2014 | Formula Renault 3.5 Series | International Draco Racing | 17 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 34 | 15th |
| 2015 | Formula Renault 3.5 Series | International Draco Racing | 13 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 61 | 10th |
† – As Fantin was a guest driver, he was ineligible for points.

### Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Pos | Points |
| 2013 | Arden Caterham | MNZ 1 Ret | MNZ 2 7 | ALC 1 Ret | ALC 2 18 | MON 1 Ret | SPA 1 16 | SPA 2 12 | MSC 1 18 | MSC 2 8 | RBR 1 Ret | RBR 2 9 | HUN 1 Ret | HUN 2 14 | LEC 1 11 | LEC 2 12 | CAT 1 9 | CAT 2 20 | 21st | 14 |
| 2014 | International Draco Racing | MNZ 1 11 | MNZ 2 8 | ALC 1 10 | ALC 2 12 | MON 1 15 | SPA 1 Ret | SPA 2 Ret | MSC 1 3 | MSC 2 Ret | NÜR 1 7 | NÜR 2 Ret | HUN 1 Ret | HUN 2 11 | LEC 1 Ret | LEC 2 20 | JER 1 Ret | JER 2 6 | 15th | 34 |
| 2015 | International Draco Racing | ALC 1 6 | ALC 2 11 | MON 1 5 | SPA 1 Ret | SPA 2 8 | HUN 1 Ret | HUN 2 8 | RBR 1 13 | RBR 2 4 | SIL 1 11 | SIL 2 3 | NÜR 1 7 | NÜR 2 9 | BUG 1 | BUG 2 | JER 1 | JER 2 | 10th | 61 |
# Diana Zagainova

Diana Zagainova (born 20 June 1997 in Vilnius, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian triple jumper.
On 30 June 2019 in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Diana Zagainova broke the Lithuanian record with a mark of 14.43 m (+ 1,8 m/s). She improves her personal best by 30 centimetres and adds 17 centimetres to the previous national record set by Dovilė Dzindzaletaitė 12 days prior.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| 2016 | IAAF World U20 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 16th | 12.41 |
| 2017 | Lithuanian Championships | Palanga, Lithuania | 1st | 13.53 |
| 2017 | Summer Universiade | Taipe, Taiwan | 15th | 12.56 |
| 2017 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 7th | 13.44 |
| 2018 | Lithuanian Championships | Palanga, Lithuania | 2nd | 12.91 |
| 2019 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 15th | 13.36 |
# South Fourche LaFave River Bridge

The South Fourche LaFave River Bridge is a historic bridge in rural western Perry County, Arkansas. It is a two-span Parker pony truss bridge, carrying Arkansas Highway 7 across the South Fourche La Fave River, roughly midway between Ola and Jessieville in the eastern reaches of Ouachita National Forest. The bridge was built in 1933, and has a total length of 485 feet (148 m), each of its main spans measuring 102 feet (31 m).
The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
# Pierre-Henri Lamy

Pierre-Henri Lamy (born August 17, 1987) is a French professional footballer.
He began football at ES Quelaines before joining Ancienne Château-Gontier. Lamy played on the professional level in Ligue 2 for Stade Lavallois and Angers SCO.
# HD 12039

HD 12039, also known as DK Ceti, is a variable star in the constellation of Cetus at a distance of 135 ly (41 pc). It is categorized as a BY Draconis variable because of luminosity changes caused by surface magnetic activity coupled with rotation of the star. The stellar classification G4V is similar to the Sun, indicating this is a main sequence star that is generating energy at its core through the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen. The effective temperature of 5,585 K gives the star a yellow hue. It has about the same mass as the Sun, but only emits 89% of the Sun's luminosity. This is a young star with age estimates ranging from 7.5−8 million years to 30 million years.
HD 12039 was discovered to be a variable star when the Hipparcos data was analyzed. It was given its variable star designation, DK Ceti, in 1999.
In 2006, a debris field was discovered in orbit around this star using infrared observations by the Spitzer Space Telescope. This debris is thought to be an asteroid belt. The measured temperature of the debris is 110 K, which places it in an orbit between 4 and 6 AU from the star, or about the same distance where Jupiter orbits the Sun. This debris disk may have been created by the breakup of a single, 100 km diameter planetesimal through a collision. The star system does not show any excess emission at 70 μm, indicating it does not have a cold outer dust disk.
The star was examined for the presence of an extrasolar planet with a mass in the range 2-10 Jupiter masses and an orbital distance of 3-15.5 AU. Instead, in 2007, a close stellar companion was likely discovered. This object is separated from the primary by 0.15 arcseconds, making it unlikely to be a background object.
This star has been proposed as a member of the Tucana-Horologium association (Tuc-Hor), a stream of young stars with a common motion through space. The Tuc-Hor association is about 30 million years old. The space velocity components of this star are [U, V, W] = [−0.6, −16.3, 5.0] km/s. It is orbiting the Milky Way galaxy with an orbital eccentricity of 0.06, with a distance that varies from 7.11−8.01 kpc of the galactic core. The inclination of its orbit carries it as far as 90 parsecs above the galactic plane.
# LY Aurigae

LY Aurigae is a multiple star system in the constellation Auriga. It is an eclipsing binary variable star, dropping in brightness by 0.7 magnitudes every 4 days. The system is around 6,800 light years away in the Auriga OB1 stellar association.

## System

LY Aurigae is a close visual binary. The two stars are magnitude 6.85 and magnitude 8.35 0.6 arc-seconds apart. Each star is also a spectroscopic binary.
In 1965, Pavel Mayer reported that the star, then called HD 35921, is a variable star. By 1968, he had determined that it is an eclipsing binary. It was given its variable star designation, LY Aurigae, in 1970. LY Aur A is a double-lined spectroscopic binary with an O9 bright giant and an O9 giant star in contact and eclipsing each other as they orbit every 4 days. It is classified as a Beta Lyr eclipsing variable system. The primary eclipse is 0.69 magnitudes deep and the secondary eclipse is 0.60 magnitudes. Because of the contact nature of the system and the deformed shapes of the stars, the magnitude varies constantly throughout the orbital cycle. The orbital period is slowly changing due to mass exchange between the stars. Each star is over a hundred thousand times the luminosity of the sun.
LY Aur B is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 20.5 days. It is probably an early B main sequence star and the companion is undetectable. The two stars combined are 47,000 times the luminosity of the sun.
# Son Se-il

Son Se-il (Korean: 손세일; 10 June 1935 – 17 December 2024) was a South Korean journalist and politician. A member of the Democratic Korea Party, the Democratic Party, and the National Congress for New Politics, he served in the National Assembly from 1981 to 1985 and again from 1992 to 2000.
He was author of the biography Syngman Rhee and Kim Ku, which was published serially in the Monthly Chosun.
Son died on 17 December 2024, at the age of 89.
# Dufuna canoe

The Dufuna canoe is the world's second-oldest known boat. It is a dugout canoe discovered in 1987 by a Fulani cattle herdsman a few kilometers from the village of Dufuna in the Fune Local Government Area, not far from the Komadugu Gana River, in Yobe State, Nigeria. Radiocarbon dating of a sample of charcoal found near the site dates the canoe at 8,500 to 8,000 years old, linking the site to Lake Chad. The canoe is 8.4 metres (28 ft) long and is 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) tall at it largest point. It is currently located in Damaturu, Nigeria.

## Background

The Dufuna canoe was found in the village of Dufuna, which is located between Potiskum and Gashua, in Yobe State.$^{:5}$ On 4 May 1987, Mallam Ya'u, a Fulani cow herdsman, was digging a well and hit a hard object at 4.5 meters.$^{:5}$ He informed his village chief about the discovery.$^{:5}$
In 1989 and 1990, the University of Maiduguri carried out an initial exploration of the site to ascertain whether it was a canoe as well take radiocarbon dating samples of the wood.$^{:5}$ Later, a joint research project by Professors Peter Breunig and Garba Abubakar — funded by the University of Frankfurt and the University of Maiduguri — would return to the site, and further wood samples were taken and dated by two German laboratories.$^{:5}$
In 1994, an archaeology team from Germany and Nigeria excavated the site. The canoe was dug out over two weeks by fifty labourers and was found to be 8.4 meters in length, 50 centimeters wide and 5 cm thick.$^{:5–6}$ The canoe was found in a waterlogged state resting on a sandy bed with layers of clay between it and the surface protecting it in an oxygen-free environment.$^{:5}$ Examination of the canoe showed that the bow and stern had been skilfully worked to points, and that the work was carried out by "core axe-like and pick-axe bifacial tools of micro-lithic appearance".$^{:8}$ Professor Breunig said that the skill of construction showed a long development and that the canoe was not a new design.$^{:9}$ In another study by an American science team in 2015, they found that Lake Chad had shrunk by 95% in forty years and therefore it could be assumed that area of the village of Dufuna would have been part of the lake's flood plain in the distant past.$^{:6–7}$
The canoe has been radiocarbon-dated at least twice, and was dated to 6556-6388 BCE and to 6164-6005 BCE, making it the oldest known boat in Africa and (after the Pesse canoe) the second-oldest worldwide. It was probably created in a longstanding boat-making tradition and used in fishing along the Komadugu Gana River. It may have been constructed by members of a population group who occupied an area extending from the western Sahara to the Nile of central Sudan and to northern Kenya.
# Winn Road School

The Winn Road School is a historic school building at the junction of Winn and Range Roads in Cumberland, Maine, United States. Built in 1846, it is one of only two known surviving brick Greek Revival one-room schoolhouses in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

## Description and history

The Winn Road School stands amid fields in a rural part of southern Cumberland, on the east side of the junction of Winn and Range Roads. It is a single-story brick structure, with a gabled roof and granite foundation. Its main façade faces southwest toward Range Road and has a fully pedimented gable with a date block in the center, and sash windows flanking the door below. Wall openings for the door and windows have granite lintels. The side elevations have three sash windows each and the rear has two windows on the ground floor and a third at the attic level, now boarded over. The interior has had significant alterations over the years, but has retained a sloping floor, an unusual feature for schools of the period.
The school was built in 1846, and was one of two similar schools built by the town at the time. The other building also survives, but has been extensively altered. This school served as an educational facility until the early 20th century, and was afterward used for other civic purposes.
A fire in December 2022 severely damaged the building. A fundraising campaign was begun to assist with the cost of the repairs.
# Michel Sorin

Michel Sorin (born 18 September 1961) is a French football manager and former player who is an assistant manager of Olympique Lyonnais Féminin. He managed the Benin national team and—from 2011 to 2019—was the head coach of AS Vitré.

## Personal life

Sorin was born in Cossé-le-Vivien. His sons Arthur Sorin and Eliott Sorin are also footballers and started their youth career at Rennes, where he used to play.
# Communication Workers Union (Ireland)

The Communication Workers Union is a trade union in Ireland.
The union was founded in 1922 as the Irish Post Office Engineering Union, splitting from the British Post Office Engineering Union following the establishment of the Irish Free State. The following year, it merged with the Irish Postal Union and the Irish Postal Workers' Union, forming the United Postal Union, but the IPOEU was unhappy with the arrangements, and so withdrew before the merger was completed, continuing an independent existence.
It was renamed the Communications Union of Ireland in 1985, while in 1989, it was joined by the Postal Telecommunications Workers' Union and adopted its current name.

## General Secretaries

    1945: Francis Walsh
    1946: Seán Mac Bhárd
    1949: Malachy Dooney
    1967: Seamus De Paor
    1990: David Begg
    1997: Con Scanlon
    2004: Steve Fitzpatrick
    2022: Seán McDonagh
# Verinag Assembly constituency

Verinag Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in the India state of Jammu and Kashmir.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Election | Member | Party | Party |
| 1967 | Syed Mir Qasim | | Indian National Congress |
| 1972 | Syed Mir Qasim | | Indian National Congress |

## Election results
### Assembly Election 1972

1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election : Verinag :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | Syed Mir Qasim | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 26,945 | | 8.57 |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | | |

### Assembly Election 1967

1967 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election : Verinag :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | Syed Mir Qasim | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 24,817 | | |
| | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) |
# Control premium

A control premium is an amount that a buyer is sometimes willing to pay over the current market price of a publicly traded company in order to acquire a controlling share in that company.
If the market perceives that a public company's profit and cash flow is not being maximized, capital structure is not optimal, or other factors that can be changed are impacting the company's share

## Overview of concept

Transactions involving small blocks of shares in public companies occur regularly and serve to establish the market price per share of company stock. Acquiring a controlling number of shares sometimes requires offering a premium over the current market price per share in order to induce existing shareholders to sell. It is made through a tender offer with specific terms, including the price. Higher control premiums are often associated with classified boards.$^{:165}$
The amount of control is the acquirer's decision and is based on its belief that the target company's share price is not optimized. An acquirer would not be making a prudent investment decision if a tender offer made is higher than the future benefit of the acquisition.

## Control premium vs. minority discount

The control premium and the minority discount could be considered to be the same dollar amount. Stated as a percentage, this dollar amount would be higher as a percentage of the lower minority marketable value or, conversely, lower as a percentage of the higher control value.
${\mbox{Minority discount}}={\mbox{1 – }}\left({1 \over {\mbox{1 + Control premium}}}\right)$
Source:

## Size of premium

In general, the maximum value that an acquirer firm would be willing to pay should equal the sum of the target firm's intrinsic value, synergies that the acquiring firm can expect to achieve between the two firms, and the opportunity cost of not acquiring the target firm (i.e. loss to the acquirer if a rival firm acquires the target firm instead). A premium paid, if any, will be specific to the acquirer and the target; actual premiums paid have varied widely. In business practice, control premiums may vary from 20% to 40%. Larger control premiums indicate a low minority shareholders' protection.

## Example

Company XYZ has an EBITDA of $1,500,000 and its shares are currently trading at an EV/EBITDA multiple of 5x. This results in a valuation of XYZ of $7,500,000 (=$1,500,000 * 5) on an EV basis. A potential buyer may believe that EBITDA can be improved to $2,000,000 by eliminating the CEO, who would become redundant after the transaction. Thus, the buyer could potentially value the target at $10,000,000 since the value expected to be achieved by replacing the CEO is the accretive $500,000 (=$2,000,000–$1,500,000) in EBITDA, which in turn translates to $2,500,000 (=$500,000 * 5 or =$10,000,000–$7,500,000) premium over the pre-transaction value of the target.
# Lathom South

Lathom South is a civil parish in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England, situated near the towns of Ormskirk and Skelmersdale. The parish council was established in 2007, and the area, which includes the hamlets of Blaguegate and Scarth Hill, has historical ties to the neighbouring parish of Lathom. As of 2011, Lathom South has a population of 657.

## History

The whole of Lathom was formerly part of Lathom and Burscough Urban District, which in 1931 was merged into Ormskirk Urban District. In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, it was subsumed into the newly created district of West Lancashire, and the area now covered by Lathom South became part of the Derby Ward of Ormskirk. On 31 March 2003, a public meeting was held by local residents to discuss the need for local representation, and a working group was set up to consider the available options. At a second meeting held on 1 July 2003, it was agreed to petition for the formation of a parish council. Lathom South Parish Council was established in May 2007.

## Geography

Lathom South sits directly between the towns of Ormskirk and Skelmersdale, with the civil parishes of Lathom and Newburgh to the north and northeast, and Bickerstaffe to the south. The northeastern boundary with Newburgh is formed by the River Tawd. The hamlets of Blaguegate and Scarth Hill are located within Lathom South.
vtePlaces adjacent to Lathom South :
Lathom
Newburgh
Ormskirk
Lathom South
Skelmersdale
Bickerstaffe :

## Demography

According to the United Kingdom Census 2011, Lathom South parish had a population of 657 people living in 281 households, with a roughly even distribution between males and females. The parish covers an area of 448 hectares (1.73 sq mi; 4.48 km$^2$), giving a population density of 1.47 inhabitants per hectare (380/sq mi; 147/km$^2$). The decrease in population from 687 in 2001 represents a decline of 4.6% over ten years.
A majority of 97% of residents were born in the United Kingdom, and 96.8% identified as being of "White British" ethnicity. Religion was recorded as 81.1% Christian, with 12.9% of residents being of no religion, and 4.1% declining to state; only 1.8% belonged to an alternative religion. Of the 498 residents aged between 16 and 74, 72.7% were regarded as economically active, and of those 3.3% were unemployed.

## Transport

Lathom South is bisected by the A577 road, which runs southeast through the parish from Ormskirk to Skelmersdale for a distance of approximately 1.3 miles (2.1 km). The B5240 road also passes through the parish, running from north to south between Lathom and Bickerstaffe. The nearest motorway link is junction 3 of the M58, about 0.7 miles (1.1 km) to the south. Ormskirk railway station is located about 1.2 miles (1.9 km) to the northwest and provides services to Liverpool and Preston.