OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prosperity certificate

In 1936, the Alberta Social Credit Party-led government of the Province of Alberta, Canada, introduced prosperity certificates in an attempt to alleviate the effects of the Great Depression. Premier William Aberhart's government had won power in the 1935 provincial election partly on the scheme.
The certificates were not issued to the general public as Aberhart had promised in his election platform but instead were used to pay relief workers on provincial public works projects and were put into circulation via special agreements with municipalities.
Although not technically money, each certificate was marked with a value of one dollar, and redeemable for $1 Canadian at the end of its life or on certain dates during the course of the program. Other certificates were in the amount of $5. $239,000 worth of scrip was issued in August 1936.
A goal of the program was to encourage spending and circulation of the spending power. To achieve this, hoarding of the certificates was discouraged by requiring the holder to affix to the back of a certificate a 1¢ stamp every week for the certificate to maintain its validity. Thus people were encouraged to spend whatever certificates they had each week, to avoid having to make too many payments of the one-percent tax. As the program intended, possessors of the certificates tried to avoid having to purchase and affix the stamps, by spending the certificates before the week's validity expired. This stamp scrip, innovated by Silvio Gesell, was not part of the theories of Aberhart's mentor, social credit founder Major C. H. Douglas.
The hassle and expense of the stamps made the certificates unpopular with the public. The tiny gummed postage-style stamps (smaller than 1 cm$^2$ (0.16 sq in)) were prone to falling off.
Another issue was finding a seller who would accept the unusual currency. The Army & Navy Stores, a chain of department stores, accepted the currency when some other merchants would not. Oddly, the currency was not accepted by the government itself for payment of taxes.
The notes were intended to be redeemed after two years of issue, when 104 stamps would have been affixed. But the program was cancelled after only about one year. The notes could be returned to the government for redeeming in Canadian currency.
Alberta's prosperity certificates have never been listed in the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money.
# Sari Furuya

Sari Maeda (Japanese: 前田沙理, born Sari Furuya, 古谷沙理, on 25 May 1990) is a Japanese biathlete. She competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics.

## Career results
### Olympic Games

0 medals
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay |
| 2018 Pyeongchang | 85th | 49th | 54th | — | 17th | — |
| 2022 Beijing | 74th | 67th | — | — | 17th | 18th |

### World Championships

0 medals
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay | Single mixed relay |
| 2017 Hochfilzen | 68th | 59th | 58th | — | 20th | 15th | — |
| 2019 Östersund | 84th | 14th | 30th | — | 19th | 15th | — |
| 2020 Antholz | 56th | 55th | 52nd | — | 21st | 20th | — |
| 2021 Pokljuka | 47th | 70th | — | — | 15th | 20th | — |
# Isao Ono (biathlete)

Isao Ono (born 24 April 1942) is a Japanese biathlete. He competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics, the 1972 Winter Olympics and the 1976 Winter Olympics.
# Miki Shibuya

Miki Shibuya (渋谷 幹, Shibuya Miki, born 15 May 1940) is a Japanese biathlete. He competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics and the 1972 Winter Olympics.
# Tomáš Nádašdi

Tomáš Nádašdi (born May 14, 1980) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey defenceman.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| SVK totals | SVK totals | SVK totals | 790 | 46 | 179 | 225 | 669 | 90 | 5 | 28 | 33 | 82 |
# Scott Lomax

Scott Lomax (born 1982) was a campaigner and true crime author who wrote about the case of the convicted murderer Jeremy Bamber, and also about the innocence of Barry George who was acquitted of the murder of Jill Dando on 1 August 2008 after a retrial ordered by the Court of Appeal. He was author of a number of books and articles, the most notable being Who Killed Jill Dando?, Justice for Jill and Jeremy Bamber, Evil, Almost Beyond Belief?
Lomax wrote stories, articles and books since the age of 8. His work concentrated on issues of justice and he claimed his desire to fight for justice came from a conversation with his grandfather.

## Campaigns

Lomax was a human rights campaigner, having helped successfully campaign for the release of two men wrongly convicted of conspiring to commit armed robbery. Lomax ran the campaign for one of the men; James (Shay) Power. Lomax also helped run the Justice for Barry campaign to free Barry George.
One of Lomax's cases was that of James Harry Reyos, an American Indian convicted of killing an Irish Priest in Texas, USA. Father Patrick Ryan was killed in Odessa, Texas, on 21 December 1981 and Reyos was found guilty two years later. Lomax helped run the campaign to exonerate Reyos.
In addition to working on cases of alleged injustices, Lomax wrote about unsolved murders in Derbyshire, published in the autumn of 2009 and South Yorkshire, published in February 2013. In later years he wrote books about the archaeology of Nottingham (2013) and the home front in Sheffield and Derbyshire during the First World War.
Lomax campaigned for tougher sentences for serious crimes such as paedophilia, rape and murder. He also campaigned for Peter Sutcliffe (the Yorkshire Ripper) to be moved from Broadmoor secure hospital, to a prison.
In 2009 Lomax made an appeal bid to have the sentences of Dano Sonnex and Nigel Farmer (convicted of murdering two French students in London) increased to whole life tariffs. His attempts to persuade the Attorney General to refer the case to the Court of Appeal on the grounds that the sentences were unduly lenient were unsuccessful, however.

## Education

Lomax lived in Derbyshire and was an archaeologist, writing in his spare time. He graduated from the University of Sheffield in 2004 with a degree in Archaeology and Prehistory. He advocates a dual-disciplinary approach to urban studies, examining both archaeological and documentary evidence.
# Acrassus

Acrassus or Akrassos (Ancient Greek: Ἄκρασος) was an ancient Roman and Byzantine-era city in Lydia (modern Turkey). in the Roman province of Asia and Lydia. Apparently, it is the same place that Ptolemy calls Nacrasa or Nakrasa (Ancient Greek: Νάκρασα), placed on the road from Thyatira to Pergamum.
It was in the upper valley of the Caicus River, at or near İlyaslar, but its exact site is not located.
Acrassus minted its own coins.

## Bishopric

Acrassus was also the seat of a bishopric and remains a titular diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the ecclesiastical province of Sardis. It is named after the ancient city and the current bishop is Đura Džudžar.

### Known bishops

* Albert-Léon-Marie Le Nordez Auxiliary Bishop of Verdun (France) June 25, 1896 – November 28, 1898
* Leopoldo A. Arcaira Auxiliary Bishop of Zamboanga Auxiliary Bishop of Malolos (Philippines) November 6, 1961 – November 23, 1994
* Đura Džudžar, auxiliary bishop of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo (3 March 2001), Exarch of the Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Serbia and Montenegro (23 August 2003), Exarch of the Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Serbia (19 January 2013), later Eparch of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Ruski Krstur (6 Décember 2018).
# Pacífico (beer)

Cerveza Pacífico Clara, better known as Pacífico, is a Mexican pilsner-style beer brewed in the Pacific Ocean port city of Mazatlán, in the state of Sinaloa, México.

## History

It was first brewed in 1900 when three Germans, Jorge Claussen, Germán Evers and Emilio Radostits opened a brewery, the Cerveceria del Pacífico, in Mazatlán. Its label includes a picture depicting a lifesaver encircling a ship's anchor superimposed over the port's lighthouse hill, known locally as "Cerro del Crestón." In Mazatlán, the beer is available in three different size bottles: "cuartitos" (180 ml; 6 US fl oz), "medias" (350 ml; 12 US fl oz), and "ballenas" (950 ml; 32 US fl oz).
Alcohol content: 4.4 percent. "Clara" means clear, blonde, as opposed to "oscura" (dark).
The Pacífico brewery was bought by Mexican brewing giant Grupo Modelo in 1954, which was later acquired by the Belgian-Brazilian Anheuser-Busch InBev company.
# Redfield College (South Dakota)

Redfield College was an institution of higher learning located in Redfield, South Dakota, United States. The college was sponsored by the "Northern Association of Congregational Churches," an alliance of Congregational groups in the north-central area of South Dakota. Redfield College opened in September1887(137 years ago)(1887-09) and graduated its first class in 1894.

## History

The first Redfield College classes were held in the town's Congregational Church, but the school soon purchased an old hotel building located in a nearby town, and moved the structure to Redfield to house the college. That building partially burned in 1896, and was reconstructed at a cost of $25,000. Ultimately the campus included two major buildings—a main building which included a library, kitchen, reading room and dormitory; and a gymnasium which also included laboratory, music, and classroom space. A nearby boarding house provided accommodations for female students.
Redfield College offered both high school and college classes, and in addition to an academic curriculum offered classes in teacher training, business, music, and theology. By 1904 the school had an enrollment of 166 students. One of them was Grace Ingalls, the youngest sister of author Laura Ingalls Wilder (Little House on the Prairie).
The school later encountered financial difficulties, however, and by 1928 its future was threatened. A $50,000 fundraising program was announced that year, but the effort proved futile, and the school was permanently closed in 1932 (93 years ago) (1932). Redfield's theology program was transferred to Yankton College. In 1934, the school's campus was converted into a home for elderly and indigent members of the Order of the Eastern Star, and the buildings served in that capacity until 1975. Eventually, the structures were razed.
College records (correspondence) from 1913 to 1933 are held by the South Dakota Conference of the United Church of Christ Archives at Augustana University in Sioux Falls.
# Philippe Vercruysse

Philippe Vercruysse (born 28 January 1962) is a French former footballer who played as a midfielder.

## International career

Vercruysse earned a total number of twelve international caps (one goal) for the France national team during the 1980s and was a member of the team in the 1986 FIFA World Cup.

## Honours

Marseille
* Division 1: 1988–89, 1989–90, 1990–91
* European Cup runner-up: 1990–91
* Coupe de France runner-up: 1990–91
# Oxamide

Oxamide is the organic compound with the formula (CONH$_2$)$_2$. This white crystalline solid is soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in water and insoluble in diethyl ether. Oxamide is the diamide derived from oxalic acid, and the hydrate of cyanogen.

## Preparation

Oxamide is produced from hydrogen cyanide, which is oxidized to cyanogen, which is then hydrolyzed.
It can also be prepared from formamide by glow-discharge electrolysis.

## Application

The main application is as a substitute for urea in fertilizers. Oxamide hydrolyzes (releases ammonia) very slowly, which is sometimes preferred vs the quick release by urea.
It is used as a stabilizer for nitrocellulose preparations. It also finds use in APCP rocket motors as a high performance burn rate suppressant. The use of oxamide in concentrations of 1-3 wt% has shown to slow the linear burn rate while having minimal impact on propellant specific impulse.
N,N'-substituted oxamides are supporting ligands for the copper-catalyzed amination and amidation of aryl halides in (Ullmann-Goldberg reaction), including relatively unreactive aryl chloride substrates.

## Reactions

It dehydrates above 350 °C releasing cyanogen. Oxamide derivatives form self-assembled monolayers consisting of a hydrogen bonded network.
# Vanishing Falls (Tasmania)

Vanishing Falls is a ledge waterfall in South West Tasmania, Australia that drains into a sinkhole. It is on the Salisbury River in the Southwest National Park.

## Description

At Vanishing Falls, the Salisbury River flows over a dolerite plateau underlain by limestone. The river flows over the edge of the dolerite sill and drains straight into a cave system in the limestone, a phenomenon attributed to karst processes. The above-ground channel downstream of the plunge pool flows only during floods.
The Salisbury River is a tributary of the New River.

## Access

The falls are surrounded by dense scrub and are located in remote wilderness, accordingly there are no designated trails leading to the falls.
# Taiten Sato

Taiten Sato (佐藤 大典, Satō Taiten, born January 26, 1983) is a Japanese former football player.

## Club statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | Total | Total |
| 2005 | Thespa Kusatsu | J2 League | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| 2006 | Nagano Elza SC | Regional Leagues | 13 | 11 | - | - | 13 | 11 |
| 2007 | AC Nagano Parceiro | Regional Leagues | 13 | 7 | - | - | 13 | 7 |
| 2008 | AC Nagano Parceiro | Regional Leagues | 13 | 8 | - | - | 13 | 8 |
| 2009 | AC Nagano Parceiro | Regional Leagues | 14 | 9 | - | - | 14 | 9 |
| 2010 | AC Nagano Parceiro | Regional Leagues | 12 | 5 | - | - | 12 | 5 |
| 2011 | AC Nagano Parceiro | Football League | | | | | | |
| Country | Japan | Japan | 72 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 72 | 40 |
| Total | Total | Total | 72 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 72 | 40 |
# Parti citron candidates in the 1989 Quebec provincial election

The Parti citron was a novelty political party that ran eleven candidates in the 1989 Quebec provincial election, none of whom were elected. Information about these candidates may be found on this page.

## Candidates
### Acadie: Christian Coutu

Christian Coutu has been a candidate in one provincial and two municipal elections.
Electoral record :
| Election | Division | Party | Votes | % | Place | Winner |
| 1989 provincial | Acadie | Parti citron | 848 | 2.92 | 4/5 | Yvan Bordeleau, Liberal |
| 1990 municipal | Montreal City Council, Ahuntsic | White Elephant Party | 107 | 1.66 | 5/5 | Alain André, Municipal Party |
| 1994 municipal | Montreal City Council, Ahuntsic | White Elephant Party | 128 | 1.71 | 6/6 | Hasmig Belleli, Vision Montreal |

### Dorion: Pierre Corbeil

Pierre Corbeil ran for the Rhinoceros Party of Canada as "Pierre dit Lagaffe Corbeil" in the 1984 Canadian federal election. As a Parti citron candidate in 1989, he said that his party would replace the government of Canada's proposed Meech Lake Accord on Canadian constitutional reform with a "Beaver Lake Accord," named after an artificial lake in Quebec. As Corbeil put it, "Beaver Lake's an artificial lake and we'd like an artificial accord." He also proposed that all public-sector employees be required to dress in yellow after the election "to boost their morale."
Corbeil later ran for the Parti éléphant blanc de Montréal in two municipal elections in the 1990s. He was forty-one years old in 1994 and indicated that his campaign budget that year was only one thousand dollars.
Electoral record :
| Election | Division | Party | Votes | % | Place | Winner |
| 1984 federal | Saint-Jacques | Rhinoceros | 1,204 | 4.39 | 4/7 | Jacques Guilbault, Liberal |
| 1989 provincial | Dorion | Parti citron | 297 | 1.30 | 5/6 | Violette Trépanier, Liberal |
| 1990 municipal | Montreal City Council, Peter-McGill | White Elephant Party | 49 | 1.50 | 5/5 | Nick Auf der Maur, Municipal Party |
| 1994 municipal | Montreal City Council, Peter-McGill | White Elephant Party | 53 | 1.17 | 6/6 | Georgine Coutu, Vision Montreal |
# Batesville Mounds

The "Batesville Mounds" (22-Pa-500) in Panola County, Mississippi are the conial archeological remains of a culture of indigenous people who flourished in North America. The mounds appear to have served as both habitation and burial sites. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

## Mound builders

For centuries, hypotheses have existed about the origins of the mounds ranged from the theory of central Mexico's indigenous people building the mounds, to the work of foreign refugees escaping one disaster or another, or to the work of ancient lost tribes. It was the Smithsonian Institution that conducted 13 years of research, ending in 1894, that verified north American indigenous people constructed the mounds.
The mound builders were a variety of pre-Columbian cultures who inhabited the areas of the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley, and the Mississippi River valley. Rather than the wigwam of much of the plains peoples, or the pueblo culture of the American southwest, the mound builders created giant earthwork communities. Thousands of mounds have been discovered throughout the continent. Researchers found that the builders had an organized social structure, and charted the cosmos.

## Discovery

Mounds A, B, C, D and E were discovered by Calvin Smith Brown in 1926. Believed to have been populated during the Woodland period common era, the mounds were examined and studied again in 1949, by archaeologist William G. Haag. In the ensuing decades, Mound E had ceased to exist. Speculation at the time was that the mound had been destroyed as a result of crop harvesting. The Mississippi Department of Archives and History designated the Bateville mounds as an official Mississippi Landmark on March 23, 1989. Archeological excavations have suggested these specific mounds date to the Early to Middle Woodland period (500-1000 A.D).

## Tourism

In January 2018, the city of Batesville opened the site as a public park. Only B and C of the original mounds still exist.
# 1926 West Virginia Mountaineers football team

The 1926 West Virginia Mountaineers football team represented West Virginia University as a member of the West Virginia Athletic Conference (WVAC) during the 1926 college football season. In their second season under head coach Ira Rodgers, the Mountaineers compiled a 6–4 record and outscored opponents by a combined total of 141 to 93. The team played its home games at Mountaineer Field in Morgantown, West Virginia. Ross McHenry was the team captain.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 25 | Davis & Elkins | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, WV | W 18–6 | |
| October 2 | vs. Washington and Lee* | Laidley FieldCharleston, WV | W 18–0 | |
| October 9 | Allegheny* | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, WV | W 54–0 | |
| October 16 | at Georgetown* | Griffith StadiumWashington, DC | W 13–10 | 30,000 |
| October 23 | West Virginia Wesleyan | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, WV | W 7–0 | |
| October 30 | Missouri* | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, WV | L 0–27 | |
| November 6 | at Pittsburgh* | Pitt StadiumPittsburgh, PA (rivalary) | L 7–17 | 30,000 |
| November 13 | vs. Centre* | Parkersburg, WV | W 21–0 | |
| November 20 | at Carnegie Tech* | Forbes FieldPittsburgh, PA | L 0–20 | 12,000 |
| November 25 | Washington & Jefferson* | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, WV | L 3–13 | |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Paula Escobar

Paula Escobar Chavarría (born 1968) is a Chilean editor, columnist, journalist, professor and writer. She is a recipient of the Lenka Franulic Award. She is an opinion columnist at La Tercera, host and panelist on CNN Chile, Founder and executive director of The Women and Media Chair at Universidad Diego Portales, and tenured professor at The Faculty of Communications of UDP.

## Early life

Paula Escobar studied journalism at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and has a master’s degree in Comparative Literature.

## Career

She was a journalist for the Pluma y Pincel magazine between 1987 and 1988. Between 1988 and 2001, she worked at the Caras magazine as a journalist, director and editor. At the same time, between 1999 and 2001, she was the managing editor of Televisa Chile.
Between 2001 and 2020, she was the editor for all the magazines under El Mercurio Newspaper. In 2014, she banned the use of digital retouching in the newspaper’s supplements, the use of underage and underweight models, and the publication of miracle diets.
She has been a columnist for The Huffington Post (2011-2016), and La Tercera. She currently works in television, as a presenter for the TV program Influential and as a panelist for Tolerancia Cero, both on CNN Chile.
She has taught at Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and at Universidad Diego Portales. In the latter, she is executive director of the Women and Media chair and an academic at the School of Journalism. She was president of the Magazines Commission of the National Press Association of Chile and vice president of the National Association of Women Journalists of Chile. She has also been vice president of Comunidad Mujer, member of the Gender Parity Initiative of the World Economic Forum and member of the board of the Young Global Leaders Foundation of the WEF, based in Geneva.

## Other activities

* The New Humanitarian, Member of the Board of Directors (2021–present)

## Publications

* Los secretos de Totó (2002) (ISBN 9562392317)
* 24/24 Un día en la vida de 24 mujeres chilenas (2005), junto con Karim Gálvez y Pilar Segovia. (ISBN 978-956-239-409-3)
* Retratos de innovadores (2009) (ISBN 9789562396981)
* Una historia de las revistas chilenas (2012) (with Cecilia García Huidobro)
* Yo, presidente/a (2014) (ISBN 978-956-324-302-4)
* Conversaciones con María Teresa Ruiz (2018)
* El año de la Plaga (2020), (with Francisco Javier Olea)
* Un Mundo Incierto: Treinta Conversaciones (2021)
* Un Mundo Alerta (2022)

## Awards and recognition

She has received several awards, including:
* Young Global Leader, World Economic Forum (2006)
* Yale World Fellow, Yale (2012)
* Premio Lenka Franulic (2014)
* 100 Women, BBC (2015)
* Energía de Mujer award (2015)
* Periodismo de Excelencia award UAH, Written press category (2018)
* Poynter Fellow in Journalism, Yale (2020)
* Premio al Liderazgo, International Women's Forum, Chilean chapter (2020)