# Gumaca

Gumaca, officially the Municipality of Gumaca (Tagalog: Bayan ng Gumaca), is a municipality in the province of Quezon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 71,942 people.

## History

Formerly known as Bumaka (meaning "the one who fought"), the town of Gumaca was a settlement founded at the southern bank of Palanas River in the 14th century by a group of settlers from Borneo and the Malay Peninsula. The earliest known ruler was Lakan Bugtali.
From the early 1980s to the 1990s, there were calls to rename the town as Tañada, after nationalist and past Senator Lorenzo Tañada, with his son Wigberto Tañada proposing to have a poll once elected congressman of Quezon's fourth district; the renaming eventually did not push through.

## Geography

Gumaca is located at the mouth of what is now known as Pipisik River at the foot of the Sierra Madre range. It is 66 kilometres (41 mi) from Lucena and 196 kilometres (122 mi) from Manila.

### Barangays

Gumaca is politically subdivided into 59 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
* Adia Bitaog
* Anonangin
* Bagong Buhay (Poblacion)
* Bamban
* Bantad
* Batong Dalig
* Biga
* Binambang
* Buensuceso
* Bungahan
* Butaguin
* Calumangin
* Camohaguin
* Casasahan Ibaba
* Casasahan Ilaya
* Cawayan
* Gayagayaan
* Gitnang Barrio
* Hardinan
* Inaclagan
* Inagbuhan Ilaya
* Hagakhakin
* Labnig
* Laguna
* Lagyo
* Mabini(Poblacion)
* Mabunga
* Malabtog
* Manlayaan
* Marcelo H. Del Pilar
* Mataas Na Bundok
* Maunlad (Poblacion)
* Pagsabangan
* Panikihan
* Peñafrancia (Poblacion)
* Pipisik (Poblacion)
* Progreso
* Rizal (Poblacion)
* Rosario
* San Agustin
* San Diego (Poblacion)
* San Diego (Bukid)
* San Isidro Kanluran
* San Isidro Silangan
* San Juan De Jesus
* San Vicente
* Sastre
* Tabing Dagat (Poblacion)
* Tumayan
* Villa Arcaya
* Villa Bota
* Villa Fuerte
* Villa Mendoza
* Villa Nava
* Villa Padua
* Villa Perez
* Villa Principe
* Villa Tañada
* Villa Victoria

### Climate

Climate data for Gumaca, Quezon :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26 (79) | 27 (81) | 29 (84) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 26 (79) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 23 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 83 (3.3) | 55 (2.2) | 44 (1.7) | 37 (1.5) | 90 (3.5) | 123 (4.8) | 145 (5.7) | 125 (4.9) | 135 (5.3) | 166 (6.5) | 163 (6.4) | 152 (6.0) | 1,318 (51.8) |
| Average rainy days | 15.1 | 10.8 | 11.9 | 11.4 | 19.9 | 23.7 | 26.3 | 23.9 | 23.9 | 22.1 | 20.2 | 18.6 | 227.8 |
| Source: Meteoblue ||||||||||||||

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Gumaca
* 5
* 10
* 15
* 20
* 2006 19.70
* 2009 16.72
* 2012 13.09
* 2015 13.10
* 2018 7.70
* 2021 19.76
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

## Transportation
### By land

The municipality is connected with Manila by the Pan-Philippine Highway and daily rail services to and from Naga & Legazpi are provided by the Philippine National Railways.
In order to spur development in the municipality, The Toll Regulatory Board declared Toll Road 5 the extension of South Luzon Expressway. A 420-kilometer, four lane expressway starting from the terminal point of the now under construction SLEX Toll Road 4 at Barangay Mayao, Lucena City in Quezon to Matnog, Sorsogon, near the Matnog Ferry Terminal. On August 25, 2020, San Miguel Corporation announced that they will invest the project which will reduce travel time from Lucena to Matnog from 9 hours to 5.5 hours.
On June 3, 2022, the Department of Transportation and San Miguel Corporation signed a Supplemental Toll Operations Agreement (STOA) for SLEX Toll Road 5 which was approved by then President Rodrigo Duterte 24 days later.
Another expressway that will serve Gumaca is the Quezon-Bicol Expressway (QuBEx), which will link between Lucena and San Fernando, Camarines Sur.

## San Diego de Alcala Cathedral

The San Diego de Alcala Cathedral is the seat of the Diocese of Gumaca and is considered as the largest cathedral in Quezon, founded as early as 1582 as a visita by the Franciscan friars. The cathedral is under the patronage of Saint Didacus of Alcala (San Diego in Spanish).

## Government
### Local government

* Mayor: Webster Letargo

### Municipal mayors

From the discovery in 1574 and official foundation of Gumaca in 1582, Franciscan Friars have been the Town Heads:
* Sr. Padre Diego de Oropesa (1574–1587)
* Sr. Padre Esteban Ortiz (1588–1598)
* Sr. Padre Geronimo Monte (1599–1622)
* Sr. Padre Gabriel Santo Tomas (1623–1637)
* Sr. Padre Marcelo de la Guardia (1638–1661)
* Sr. Padre Celestino de San Miguel (1662–1670)
From 1671, Gobernadorcillos are the Heads of Town dof Gumaca (Spanish period): (Mostly composed of Dynasties of Hispanic-Filipino Families)
* Don Diego Jose (1671–1672)
* Don Francisco Santa Maria (1673–1676)
* Don Pedro De Castro (1677–1679)
* Don Simon Prada (1680–1681)
* Don Mariano De Dios (1682)
* Don Jose San Agustin (1683)
* Don Santiago Abra (1684)
* Don Felix Gimenos (1684–1685)
* Don Juan Adriano (1686)
* Don Antonio Lopez (1686)
* Don Juan San Buenaventura (1687–1688)
* Don Jose Ajan de Vera (1689)
* Don Buenaventura dela Cruz (1690)
* Don Diego Martinez Polintan (1690)
* Don Manuel Cuello (1691)
* Don Don Gregorio Dandan (1692)
* Don Nicolas Sarmiento (1693)
* Don Francisco de Victoria (1694)
* Don Francisco Martinez (1695–1696)
* Don Juan Cabig (1697)
* Don Gaspar Catapang (1698)
* Don Francisco Escobar (1698–1699)
* Don Marcos Frias (1700)
* Don Pedro Talavera (1701)
* Don Francisco Martinez (1702)
* Don Diego Martinez Polonio (1703)
* Don Diego Salvador (1704)
* Don Francisco Cortez (1705)
* Don Antonio Santa Maria (1706)
* Don Pedro Talavera (1707)
* Don Francisco de Victoria (1708)
* Don Diego Martinez Polonio (1709)
* Don Pedro Talavera (1710)
* Don Buenaventura Delos Santos (1711)
* Don Francisco Clemente (1712)
* Don Juan Bautista (1712)
* Don Francisco Salvador Martinez (1713)
* Don Alejo Alonzo de Victoria (1714)
* Don Antonio Catapang (1715)
* Don Pedro Gimenes (1716)
* Don Francisco Clemente (1717)
* Don Geronimo Gimenes (1718)
* Don Pedro Almonte (1719)
* Don Pedro Patilo (1720)
* Don Santiago Martinez (1721)
* Don Bartolome Dandan Casadia (1722)
* Don Pedro Talavera (1723)
* Don Antonio Peras Margas (1724)
* Don Jose Pagayanon (1724–1725)
* Don Francisco de Victoria (1725–1727)
* Don Francisco Salvador (1728)
* Don Gregorio Gimenes (1729)
* Don Francisco Cordero (1730)
* Don Juan de Reyes (1731)
* Don Eugenio delos Santos (1732–1733)
* Don Francisco delos Reyes (1734)
* Don Francisco De Leon (1735)
* Don Andres Martinez (1736)
* Don Diego delos Santos (1737)
* Don Miguel delos Reyes (1738)
Presidentes Municipal (American period)
* Don Donato T. Arcaya (1901–1903) (First elected Presidente Municipal de Gumaca) Gobernadrocillo Interim (1900)
* Don Carlos Capisonda (1904–1905)
* Don Rafael Castro (1906–1907)
* Don Conrado Oliveros (1908–1909)
* Don Tomas Tañada, Sr. (1909–1912)
* Don Aurelio P. Nava (1912–1916) Son of Gobernadorcillo Don Antonino Nava
* Don Deogracias Tañada (1916–1919)
* Don Panfilo M. Tañada (1919–1923)
* Don Valeriano Arcaya (1923–1925) Son of Presidente Don Donato Arcaya
* Don Marciano Linay Principe (1925–1928)
* Don Don Eriberto Caparros (1928–1931)
* Don Francisco Omaña (1931–1934)
* Don Vicente M. Mendoza (1934–1939)
Japanese Occupation (1942–1946)
* Sr. Juan R. Tañada (1940–1946)
* Don Vicente D. Victoria (1946–1951) Son of Gobernadorcillo Don Pedro Victoria
After the Liberation, the Head of Town has been changed to Municipal Mayor:
* Sr. Mariano M. Tañada, Sr. (1952–1959) Son of Gobernadorcillo Don Vicente Tañada
* Dr. Cesar A. Angulo (1960–1963)
* Don Tomas C. Tañada, Jr. (1964–1967) Son of Presidente Don Tomas Tañada, Sr.
Martial Law Era: (1972–1981):
* Engr. Teodosio V. Principe (1968–1979) Son of Presidente Don Marciano Principe
* Col. Robert T. Yap-Diangco (1980–1986)
After EDSA People Power I: (1986):
* Cirilo M. Tañada (1986–1995) Son of Mayor Mariano M. Tañada, Sr.
* Col. Rodolfo B. Caralian (7/1/1995-8/16/1995) Died during his term of office
* Juanito B. Bañal (1995–2007)
* Engr. Joy Job Arcaya Cabangon (2007–2010)
* Engr. Erwin P. Caralian (2010–2019) Son of Mayor Col. Rodolfo Caralian
* Webster Letargo (2019 present)

## Notable personalities

* Erin Tañada
* Keith Micah Tan

## Sister Cities

* Zamboanga City