OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Nowo Schwerschen

The Battle of Nowo Schwerschen was fought on Friday, 13 November 1812, near Nowo Schwerschen [be], part of the Russian Empire at the time. An unexperienced Polish force under General Franciszek Ksawery Kossecki [pl] was defeated by seasoned Russian forces led by Count Lambert from Admiral Chichagov's Army of the Danube.
Kossecki's forces were given the task of protecting Minsk from a southeast attack and ensure a path of retreat for Napoleon's Grande Armée.

## Background

Maret sent General Kossecki with about 3,000 infantry and 500 cavalry men to Nowo Schwerschen where they were to protect the crossing of the Niemen.
According to Smith, Kossecki's division was composed of:
* 18th Lithuanian Infantry Regiment (one bn.)
* 19th Lithuanian Infantry Regiment (one bn.)
* 20th Lithuanian Infantry Regiment (one bn.)
* 21st Lithuanian Infantry Regiment (one bn.)
* combined Cavalry regiment
Count Lambert's units included the 10th [ru] and 14th Jaegers [ru].

## Battle

On November 13, Lambert arrived at Nowo Schwerschen with the Third Western Army's vanguard. Kossecki's raw Polish recruits were driven off with heavy losses by the cavalry.

## Aftermath

The defeated detachment was once more attacked in the battle of Kaidanowo.
# Congress of Chilpancingo

The Congress of Chilpancingo (Spanish: Congreso de Chilpancingo), also known as the Congress of Anáhuac, was the first, independent congress that replaced the Assembly of Zitácuaro, formally declaring itself independent from the Spanish crown. It was held in Chilpancingo, in what is the modern-day Mexican state of Guerrero, from September 1813 to November 1813. It was here where the first national constitution was ratified. It was composed of representatives of the provinces under its control and charged with considering a political and social program which it outlined in a document entitled Sentimientos de la Nación (Feelings of the Nation) which expressed the sentiment of Creole Nationalism. According to historian D. A. Brading, "Creole patriotism, which began as the articulation of the social identity of American Spaniards, was transmuted into the insurgent ideology of Mexican nationalism."
Ignacio López Rayón assumed leadership of Miguel Hidalgo's remaining forces in Saltillo after receiving news of his capture and fled south towards Zitácuaro where he would meet with José María Morelos. Lopez would go on to establish and become President of the Assembly of Zitácuaro along with Morelos. Weak administrative power and losing the battle of Zitácuaro, would lead to the establishment of a new governmental body.
On September 13, 1813, the Congress, with Morelos present, endorsed Mexico's declaration of independence from Spain, established the Catholic religion and drafted a Constitution, creating the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government. The Congress declared respect for property but confiscated the goods of the Spaniards. It abolished slavery and all class and racial social distinctions in favor of the title "American" for all native-born individuals. Torture, monopolies and the system of tributes were also abolished. Morelos was offered the title Generalissimo with the style of address "Your Highness", but he refused these and asked to be called Siervo de la Nación (Servant of the Nation).
After some military defeats, the Congress met again in Apatzingán, and on October 22 promulgated the Decreto Constitucional para la Libertad de la América Mexicana (Constitutional Decree for the Liberty of Mexican America). This established a weak executive and a powerful legislature, the opposite of what Morelos had called for. He nevertheless conceded that it was the best he could hope for under the circumstances.
On November 6, the deputies to the Congress signed the first legal document where the separation of the New Spain with respect to the Spanish rule is proclaimed. The name of this document is Acta Solemne de la Declaración de Independencia de la América Septentrional (Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America).
# 1817 Chilean independence referendum

A referendum on Chile's independence was held on 15 November 1817. After the Battle of Chacabuco, Bernardo O'Higgins was appointed director supremo. He held a plebiscite to test the popular will. This independence proposal passed with a large majority. His political program confirmed, O'Higgins's administration declared independence on 16 February 1818.
# Lee Jung-woo

Lee Jung-woo (Korean: 이정우; 16 April 1931 – 29 January 2024) was a South Korean lawyer and politician. He served as Minister of Justice from 1992 to 1993.
Lee became a judge in 1960. In 1981, he became a Supreme Court justice. After retiring as a judge, he was appointed a justice minister, serving from 1992 to 1993. Lee died on 29 January 2024, at the age of 92.
# Bae Deok-kwang

Bae Deok-kwang (Korean: 배덕광; 22 June 1948 – 24 February 2023) was a South Korean accountant and politician. A member of the Saenuri Party, he served in the National Assembly from 2014 to 2018.
Bae died in Busan on 24 February 2023, at the age of 74.
# Jang Tae-wan

Jang Tae-wan (Korean: 장태완; Hanja: 張泰玩, 13 September 1931 – 26 July 2010) was an army general and politician of South Korea.

## Military career

Jang was the commander of the Capital Garrison Command (now Capital Defense Command) during the Coup d'état of December Twelfth. The Hanahoe, the group of South Korean military officers who were the instigators of the coup d'état, tried to appease Jang. However, the staunch Jang rejected it. Instead, Jang cursed and swore at them strongly, "You god damn rebels! Do not move and stay there! I will drive a tank right now and blow your heads away!"(Korean: 야, 이 반란군 놈의 새끼들아. 너희들 거기 꼼짝말고 있어. 내가 지금 전차를 몰고가서 네 놈들의 머리통을 다날려버리겠어!), and fought against the rebel troops. However he was defeated, being betrayed by his subordinates.
Jang was imprisoned under de facto house arrest and tortured for the next six months. While his son, a student of Korea's Top Ranked Seoul National University, died in January 1982 under suspicious circumstances and was reputedly murdered by government agents; Jang's father starved himself to death.
In 1982, he served as the President of Korea Securities & Computer Corporation (Koscom), and in 1994, he was elected as President of Korean Veterans Association in a free election and led the veterans' association for six years.

## Political career

He entered politics in March 2000 by joining the Democratic Party, and in the same year, he served as a member of the 16th National Assembly for Proportional Representation constituency as a Standing Advisor and Party Affairs Committee member. Later, he served as a member of the ruling party's leadership, and in 2002, he served as a special adviser to presidential candidate Roh Moo-hyun.
Jang Tae-Wan died of lung cancer on July 26, 2010 at the age of 78 and was buried with full honors in the Generals' section of Daejeon National Cemetery. Many Korean people value him as a symbol of a true soldier, who had stood against coup d´état.

## In popular culture

The 2023 South Korean movie 12.12: The Day has a fictional commander modeled after him named Lee Tae-shin, who fights against the coup attempt in 1979.
# Kang Sung-hee (politician)

Kang Sung-hee (Korean: 강성희; Hanja: 姜聖熙; born 7 September 1972) is a South Korean politician and labour activist who is the current floor leader of the Progressive Party. He is currently a member of the 21st National Assembly representing the Jeonju B constituency.

## Early life and early career

Kang was born 7 September 1972, in Seoul, South Korea. He attended Whimoon High School and later studied at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies; graduating with a bachelor's degree in linguistics. After graduating, he worked at a Hyundai Motors' manufacturing plant located in Jeonju. There, he served as the President of the Hyundai Motors contracted workers branch of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions. As branch President, he successfully assisted in converting many contracted worker positions at Hyundai Motors to full-time positions. He also served as a senior branch manager at the Korean Metal Workers' Union.

## Political career

Kang ran as the left-wing Unified Progressive Party's candidate in the Wanju County Council election during the 2014 South Korean local elections, but was unsuccessful in being elected.
He ran as the Progressive Party's candidate for a by-election held for the Jeonju B constituency of the National Assembly. He won the election with 39 percent of the vote, becoming the Progressive Party's first National Assembly member.
On 18 January 2024, Kang was forcefully carried out and removed by presidential security agents at a ceremony launching North Jeolla Province as a special self-governing province after verbally urging President Yoon Suk-yeol to "change [his] approach to governance."
# Tomasz Bzdęga

Tomasz Bzdęga (born 18 March 1985) is a Polish footballer who plays as a striker for Mieszko Gniezno.

## Club career

In February 2011, he signed a one-year contract with KSZO Ostrowiec.
In June 2011, he joined Piast Gliwice.
He joined Elana Toruń in July 2016.

## Honours

Piast Gliwice
* I liga: 2011–12
Mieszko Gniezno
* IV liga Greater Poland North: 2017–18
* Regional league Poznań East: 2016–17
Nielba Wągrowiec
* IV liga Greater Poland: 2018–19
# Battle of Beauharnois

The Battle of Beauharnois was fought on November 10, 1838, between Lower Canada loyalists and Patriote rebels, after 500 armed men had converged on Beauharnois, on November 3–4, overtaking the seigneurial manor.
The seigneury of Beauharnois belonged to the Ellice family, having, in 1796, purchased it from Michel Chartier de Lotbinière, Marquis de Lotbinière. Edward Ellice, private secretary to John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, had then been in residence for several months. He, and, separately, his wife, Lady Jane Ellice, and her sister, Eglantine "Tina" Balfour, later Ellice, were taken prisoner, along with a number of others. Ellice's watercolours, sketches and diary survived, and record that they were unharmed.
The town rose up, following a series of raids by rebel leaders who had escaped into the United States. François-Marie-Thomas Chevalier de Lorimier commanded the ranks of the Patriote rebels. The British were victorious, and 108 rebels were captured and tried in Montreal. 58 of the Patriote rebels were deported to Australia, while Lorimier was hanged.
Government forces burned several buildings in the area in reprisal for the rebels’ actions.
# Pillow fight flash mob

A pillow fight flash mob is a social phenomenon of flash mobbing and shares many characteristics of a culture jam.
The flash mob version of massive pillow fights is distinguished by the fact that nearly all of the promotion is Internet-based. These events occur around the world, some taking the name Pillow Fight Club, a reference to Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk in which anyone could join and fight as long as they fought by the rules. Both the London and Vancouver Pillow Fight Club's rules reflect that described in the book and feature film.
The trend owes much to uses of modern communications technologies, including decentralised personal networking, known as smartmobbing. Word of the events spreads primarily via digital means, usually on the internet via email, chat rooms and text messaging which result in seemingly spontaneous mass gatherings. Pillows are sometimes hidden and at the exact pre-arranged time or the sound of a whistle, the pillow fighters pull out their pillows and commence pillow fighting. The pillow fights can last from a few minutes to several hours.

## Pillow Fight Day

The largest pillow fight flash mob was the Worldwide Pillow Fight Day (or International Pillow Fight Day) that took place on March 22, 2008. Over 25 cities around the globe participated in the first "international flash mob", which was the world's largest flash mob to date. According to The Wall Street Journal, more than 5,000 participated in New York City, overtaking London's 2006 Silent Disco gathering as the largest recorded flash mob. Word spread via social networking sites, including Facebook, Myspace, private blogs, public forums, personal websites, as well as by word of mouth, text messaging, and email. Participating cities included Atlanta, Beirut, Boston, Budapest, Chicago, Copenhagen, Dublin, Houston, Huntsville, London, Los Angeles, Melbourne, New York City, Paris, Pécs, San Francisco, Shanghai, Stockholm, Sydney, Székesfehérvár, Szombathely, Vancouver, Washington, D.C., and Zürich.

## Origins

While ordinary pillow fights have existed for a long time, these events are massive in scale, occur in public and are promoted primarily via the internet. Many massive pillow fights have been organized in an effort to break Guinness World Records, but the current record is a pillow fight among 7,861 people achieved by MyPillow, Inc. (USA) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, on 18 May 2018.
# Battle of Beler

The Battle of Beler (Spanish: Batalla de Beler) was one of the major battles of the Dominican War of Independence and was fought on the 27 October 1845 at the Beler savanna, Monte Cristi Province. A force of Dominican troops, a portion of the Army of the North, led by General Francisco Antonio Salcedo, defeated a force of the Haitian Army led by General Jean-Louis Pierrot, while 3 Dominican schooners led by Admiral Juan Bautista Cambiaso, blockaded the port of Cap-Haïtien to prevent sea reinforcements of the near sited land battle.
# Krymskaya (Moscow Central Circle)

Krymskaya (Russian: Крымская) is a passenger station on the Moscow Central Circle, located on the 31st kilometer of the Little Ring of Moscow Railway. It is integrated with Moscow Metro by fare control system and serviced by cooperation of Moscow Metro and Russian Railways.
In 2025, a transfer to the Troitskaya line is planned.
# Höje River

Höje River (Swedish: Höje å) is a river in Scania in southern Sweden. It is about 35 km long and flows from the Häckeberga lake in the Lund Municipality and empties into the Øresund.
# Barkha Madan

Barkha Madan, now known as Gyalten Samten is an Indian Buddhist nun as well as former model, beauty queen, actress and film producer who has appeared in Hindi and Punjabi language films. She has also appeared in television serials and hosted some TV shows. Impressed by Buddhist ideologies, in November 2012 she had her ordination to become a Buddhist nun and changed her name to Ven. Gyalten Samten.

## Early life

Madan was born to a Punjabi family. In 1994, she competed at the Femina Miss India pageant alongside winners Sushmita Sen and Aishwarya Rai. Other participants competed in that year were Priya Gill, Swetha Menon, Jesse Randhawa and Manini De. She received the title of Miss Tourism India where she participated at the inaugural Miss Tourism International pageant. At the end of the pageant, she won third runner-up alongside Malaysian actress and model, Emylia Abdul Hamid who was the runner-up of the said pageant. She made her debut on the big screen with the 1996 Bollywood film Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi with Akshay Kumar and Rekha.

## Acting career

Though many offers came to her following her impressive performance in Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi, Barkha preferred to remain selective. She made her entry in foreign films with the Indo-Dutch movie Driving Miss Palmen. It was Ram Gopal Varma's 2003 horror film Bhoot which proved to be a turning point in Barkha's career. The movie became an instant hit. She played the role of a ghost in the movie, earning praise for her performance.
She started a production and distribution company named Golden Gate LLC, to promote talented independent filmmakers. It produced two critically acclaimed films, Soch Lo and Surkhaab, with her in the lead. Barkha has also been a popular face in the television industry, appearing in about 20 TV shows.

## Turning to spirituality

In November 2012, she set her mind to become a Buddhist nun. She was very much impressed by the ideologies of Buddhism and is an avid follower of the Dalai Lama. She had her ordination from Sera Je Monastery on 4 November under Lama Zopa Rinpoche's supervision. She later commented that it was the most important and right decision she ever made in her life.

## Filmography

* Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi(1996)
* Driving Miss Palmen (1996)
* Tera Mera Pyar (1999)
* Bhoot (2003)
* Samay: When Time Strikes (2003)
* Soch Lo (2010)
* Surkhaab (2012)

## Notable television works

* 1857 Kranti as Rani Laxmibai
* Ghar Ek Sapnaa as Devika
* Saat Phere – Saloni Ka Safar as Reva Sehgal
* Suraag – The Clue as Ruby Ajeet Kumar (Episode 24), Rehana (Episode 36), Malathi Mahesh Sarang (Episode 42), and Poonam Pratap Singh (Episode 51)
* Nyaay
# Wissam Joubran

Wissam Hatem Joubran (Arabic: وسام جبران) (born February 19, 1983) is a Palestinian composer, oud (an Arabic lute) virtuoso, and master lute maker. He is a member of the group Le Trio Joubran.

## Biography

Joubran was born in Nazareth, Israel. The third child of oud maker Hatem Joubran, and the brother of oud players Samir Joubran and Adnan Joubran.
He is considered as the fourth generation of the family Joubran for making string instruments.
Joubran showed musical talent early in his life, at five, his fingers were already sensitive to the touch of wood, and at six, he made his first instrument by his own. Joubran start learning the violin, and moved to the oud by the age of seven. The dexterity of Joubran’s fingers, as well as his sense of music leads him to assist his father in crafting his ouds. Thus, the two experiences nurtured one another for the greatest benefit of the instrument and of its musicality. He is noted for his mastery of conveying musical structure, and for a deep sensitivity to the Arab maqamat scale system. This conviction, allied to an unwavering conviction in his own ability to improve upon the traditional methods used in manufacturing the oud, lead him in 2001 to the northern Italian city of Cremona.
Joubran was under the direction of Maestro Giorgio Cè. A year later, he was awarded a special prize in the Institute of Antonio Stradivarius, for the best violin maker.
He improved the model of the oud and produced instruments capable of yielding greater power of tone.
In 2002, Joubran shared the stage with his brother Samir performing concerts in Europe. Joubran performed musical interludes at readings of Mahmoud Darwish's poetry. Then, in 2003 with the album "Tamaas", Joubran's international career takes off.
In 2005, Wissam became a Master string instruments maker. He was recognized as the first Arab luthier to have graduated from Antonio Stradivarius Institute.
Wissam, like his father before him, continues in the line of his ancestors.
In 2005 Wissam, Samir and Adnan Joubran formed "Le Trio Joubran". The trio has released several albums encompassing both traditional and modern Arabic styles. From 2004 to 2008, they performed at least 150 concerts per year.
In 2007 Wissam and his brothers released the album "Majâz", the Joubran Trio's second opus, it is the Arabic translation of the word "metaphor".
Joubran has composed the original scores for many films, amongst which, "Adieu Gary" directed by Nassim Amaouche, "The Last Flight (2009 film)" (Le Dernier Vol), directed by Karim Dridi.

## Awards

In 2009, he won the Arab Muhr award, Dubai International Film Festival
* Best soundtrack for Adieu Gary, directed by Nassim Amaouche
In 2011, he won for the second time the "Arab Muhr" award, Dubai International Film Festival
* Best soundtrack for The Last Friday, directed by Yahya Al Abdallah

## Discography

* 2003 : Tamaas
* 2005 : Randana
* 2007 : Majâz
* 2009 : A l'Ombre des mots
* 2009 : Le Dernier Vol
* 2011 : AsFâr
# Boer War Memorial, Canberra

35°17′18″S 149°08′30″E﻿ / ﻿35.288344°S 149.141535°E﻿ / -35.288344; 149.141535
The Boer War Memorial in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, is on Anzac Parade on the western row of memorials near Lake Burley Griffin. This commemorates the Military history of Australia during the Second Boer War, 1899-1902.

## Design

Design was jointly by Pod Landscape Architecture and Jane Cavanough. The sculptor was Louis Laumen.
The design has four horsemen on their horses navigating through a stoney field with two blue-copper walls or plinths running one behind and one front-left of the horses. The walls were manufactured by Misura Design.
The Project Manager was Major Stephen Bain.
The four bronze statues use colouring techniques to give various hues to the figures, such as khaki for the soldier's clothes, tan for the horse's bodies, and black for the horse manes and tails. The bronzes were cast by Fundere Foundry, Melbourne, Australia.
On the front plinth is a piece of poetry about the Boer War, written by Australian poet Banjo Paterson in 1902, that mentions the Monaro region in which Canberra is sited.
    When the dash and the excitement and the novelty are dead,
    And you've seen a load of wounded once or twice,
    Or you've watched your old mate dying, with the vultures overhead,
    Well you wonder if the war is worth the price,
    And down along the Monaro now they're starting out to shear,
    I can picture the excitement and the row;
    But they'll miss you on the Lachlan when they call the roll this year,
    For we're going on a long job now.
On top of the front plinth are bronze plaques showing a soldier's words in his own hand, recalling various thoughts about being at the war.
The Glascott Landscape and Civil construction won the landscaping category at the Master Builders ACT Building Excellence Awards 2018.

## Dedication

The memorial was dedicated on 31 May 2017 by the Governor General of Australia, General Sir Peter Cosgrove AK MC.
# Lower Vítkovice

Lower Vítkovice (Czech: Dolní oblast Vítkovice) is a national site of industrial heritage located in the Vítkovice district of Ostrava in the Czech Republic. It includes an extensive industrial area Vítkovice ironworks with a unique collection of industrial architecture. A set of three successive parts - coal mine, coke ovens and blast furnace operations - also called Ostravian Hradčany, after Hradčany, the Castle District of Prague. The area is registered in the list of European cultural heritage, and was placed on the Czech Republic's list of tentative UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2001 under the name The Industrial Complexes at Ostrava.

## History

The initial impetus for the establishment of the Vítkovice ironworks came Dec. 9, 1828 by Olomouc Archbishop Rudolf. Rudolph's Smelter operation was then launched in mid-September 1830. A year later there was a coke plant. The first blast furnace coke was ignited in 1836, the second two years later. In 1852, it was near the smelter based mine depths. As time was running six blast furnaces which were gradually shut down until September 27, 1998, when the last tapping.

## Present

After termination of iron production was discussed what to do with the former industrial complex. At first they wanted to destroy it, but it was rebuilt as a technical monument for future generations. In June 2002 government declared Nether Vítkovice area as a national sight. In December 2008, then as one of four Czech sites given to emerging European cultural heritage site.
In September 2009 the project was awarded to the recovery and reuse of blast furnaces and other protected buildings half billion Czech crowns subsidy from the European Union and the Czech Republic. The main objective of the project "Bringing a new use to Nether Vítkovice" reactivation of the main parts of a national cultural sight Vítkovice, making them accessible to the public and the subsequent use of the potential of NCS for educational, cultural and social activities. In 2012 was completed the first part of the project and made available to the three basic objects of national cultural sights, blast furnace no. 1, gas tank and building VI. Energy exchanges.