OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Undecimber

Undecimber or Undecember is a name for a thirteenth month in a calendar that normally has twelve months.

## Etymology

The word undecimber is based on the Latin word undecim meaning "eleven". It is formed in analogy with December, which, though the twelfth month in the Gregorian calendar, derives from decem meaning "ten". The Oxford Latin Dictionary defines it as "a humorous name given to the month following December". Undecember (abbreviated Unde) appears in a Roman inscription from Vercellae in Cisalpine Gaul, dating between the first century BC and the first century AD.
Some recent authors have reported the names "Undecember" and "Duodecember" for the two intercalary months inserted between November and December upon the adoption of the Julian calendar in 44 BC, including the World Calendar Association and Isaac Asimov. This claim has no contemporary evidence; Cicero refers to the months as "intercalates prior and intercalates posterior" in his letters.
Historian Cassius Dio tells that Licinus, procurator of Gaul, added two months to the year 15 BC, because taxes were paid by the month. Though not named by Dio, who wrote in Greek, August Immanuel Bekker suggested these might have been called "Undecember" and "Duodecember".

## Computing

In the Java Platform, Standard Edition, the java.util.Calendar class includes support for calendars which permit thirteen months. Although the Gregorian calendar used in most parts of the world includes only twelve months, there exist some lunar calendars that are divided into synodic months, with an intercalary or "leap" month added in some years. For example, in the Hebrew calendar seven years out of every nineteen (37%) have the "embolismic month" Adar I. The constant java.util.Calendar.UNDECIMBER represents such a month.

## Accounting

In accounting, a thirteenth month is sometimes used to adjust financial statements for an entire year without affecting monthly results. For example, an organization may wish to adjust its books to reflect the fact that some of its sales and resulting payments due from customers will not be paid. If an organization only does this once per year the organization can attribute these adjustments to "Month 13" so as not to inaccurately post a full year's worth of write offs to one month.
# Aleksander Kropiwnicki

Aleksander Kropiwnicki (born 3 January 1962, Warsaw) is a Polish journalist, editor and diplomat who served an ambassador of Poland to Ethiopia (2017–2020).

## Life

Aleksander Kropiwnicki has finished Polish studies at the University of Warsaw. Between 1987 and 2001 he worked as a reporter and columnist in several newspapers, e.g. Tygodnik Solidarność. In 1993, as a fellow of the Alfred Friendly Press Fellowships, he spent six months in The Detroit News. Between 1997 and 2001 he was chief editor of the Polski Kalendarz Europejski (Polish European Calendar) monthly.
He was a member of Władysław Bartoszewski cabinet. In 2001 he started his diplomatic career at the embassy in London as a press counsellor. In 2006 he was head of one of the sections of the Polish Radio in Warsaw. In 2008 he began working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a deputy director and, later, as a department director. Between 2011 and 2014 he was at the embassy in Nairobi, running it also as chargé d’Affaires. In July 2017, he was appointed Poland Ambassador to Ethiopia. He has also been accredited to Djibouti, South Sudan and the African Union. He is responsible for relations with IGAD and UNECA, as well. He finished his term on 31 July 2020. In January 2025 he became Chargé d'affaires of Poland in Iceland.

## Works

* Błyskawiczny kurs Savoir-Vivre'u [with Katarzyna Kropiwnicka], Publicat, 2007, ISBN 978-83-245-0780-1.
* Zajezdnia Londyn, Warszawa, Bydgoszcz: Oficyna Wydawnicza Branta, 2007, ISBN 978-83-60186-57-2.
* Czarny wulkan, Warszawa: Rytm, 1993, ISBN 83-85249-21-4.
# Artūrs Ņikiforenko

Artūrs Ņikiforenko (born 1 March 1992) is a Latvian heavyweight judoka and Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) competitor. He competed at the 2016 Olympics, where he was eliminated in the first bout. In 2017 he won the European Championship (Brazilian jiu-jitsu).
# Renca, San Luis

Renca is a village and municipality in San Luis Province in central Argentina.
# First Itō Cabinet

The First Itō Cabinet is the first Cabinet of Japan led by Itō Hirobumi from December 22, 1885 to April 30, 1888.

## Cabinet

First Itō Cabinet :
| Portfolio | Minister | Political party | Term start | Term end |
| Prime Minister | Count Itō Hirobumi | Independent | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Count Inoue Kaoru | Independent | December 22, 1885 | September 17, 1887 |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Count Itō Hirobumi (acting) | Independent | September 17, 1887 | February 1, 1888 |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Count Ōkuma Shigenobu | Independent | February 1, 1888 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Home Affairs | Count Yamagata Aritomo | Military (Army) | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Finance | Count Matsukata Masayoshi | Independent | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of the Army | Count Ōyama Iwao | Military (Army) | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of the Navy | Count Saigō Jūdō | Military (Navy) | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Justice | Count Yamada Akiyoshi | Military (Army) | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Education | Viscount Mori Arinori | Independent | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Commerce | Viscount Tani Tateki | Military (Army) | December 22, 1885 | July 26, 1887 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Commerce | Count Saigō Jūdō | Military (Navy) | March 16, 1886 | July 10, 1886 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Commerce | Count Yamagata Aritomo (acting) | Military (Army) | July 10, 1886 | June 24, 1887 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Commerce | Viscount Hijikata Hisamoto | Independent | July 26, 1887 | September 17, 1887 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Commerce | Count Kuroda Kiyotaka | Independent | September 17, 1887 | April 30, 1888 |
| Minister of Communications | Viscount Enomoto Takeaki | Military (Navy) | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Chief Cabinet Secretary | Marquis Tanaka Mitsuaki | Independent | December 22, 1885 | April 30, 1888 |
| Director-General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau | Viscount Yamao Yōzō | Independent | December 23, 1885 | February 7, 1888 |
| Director-General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau | Inoue Kowashi | Independent | February 7, 1888 | April 30, 1888 |
| Source: ||||||
# Emlyn Gwynne

Thomas Emlyn Gwynne (fourth ¼ 1898 – fourth ¼ 1962) was a Welsh rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Mountain Ash RFC and Swansea RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for both Great Britain, Wales and Glamorgan, and at club level for Hull FC, as a wing.

## Background

Emlyn Gwynne's birth was registered in Llanelli, Wales, and his death aged 63 was registered in West Glamorgan, Wales.

## Playing career
### International honours

Emlyn Gwynne won a cap for Wales (RL) while at Hull in the 15–39 defeat by England at White City Stadium, Sloper Road, Grangetown, Cardiff on Wednesday 14 November 1928, and won caps for Great Britain (RL) while at Hull in 1928 against Australia, and New Zealand, and in 1929 against Australia.

### County honours

Emlyn Gwynne played on the wing and scored a try in Glamorgan's 18–14 victory over Monmouthshire in the non-County Championship match during the 1926–27 season at Taff Vale Park, Pontypridd on Saturday 30 April 1927.

### Challenge Cup Final appearances

Emlyn Gwynne played on the wing in Hull FC's 9–10 defeat by Rochdale Hornets in the 1922 Challenge Cup Final during the 1921–22 season at Headingley, Leeds, in front of a crowd of 34,827.
# Stemonaceae

The Stemonaceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Pandanales. The family consists of four genera with ca 37 known species distributed in areas with seasonal climate across Southeast Asia and tropical Australia. One native species is found in the United States. In earlier systems the family was called Roxburghiaceae, after Roxburghia, now Stemona.

## Description

The stems may be erect or trailing, green or yellow-green, or sometimes reddish. Leaves are dark green and also alternate in the majority of the members. Flowers are borne in short cymes, arising from the lower parts of the plant. Seeds are ellipsoidal or globular in shape.
As in other members of the Pandanales, the flower morphology in the Stemonaceae is distinctive and rather atypical for monocots, whose floral anatomy is three-parted (trimerous). In the majority of Stemonaceae species, flowers are composed of four identical parts, i.e., tetramerous, or sometimes dimerous (two-parted). Four stamens are present. In most of the members, tepals are four. They are smooth or sometimes papillate, which may be because the papillae function as odour-producing structures (osmophores). In Pentastemona, the flowers are pentamerous (five-parted) and the number of stamens is five. Microsporogenesis is successive, as with the majority of monocots. Flower colours include shades of purple, maroon, green, or yellow. They attract pollinators by resembling carrion, and sometimes emit a similar odour — flies visiting the flowers serve as pollinators.

## Taxonomy

The Stemonaceae, also referred to as the Roxburghiaceae, were once placed in a separate order, the Stemonales, or the Dioscoreales, sister order to the Pandanales. Also Croomia had been treated within its own family, Croomiaceae.
The family Stemonaceae is sister to other two families in the Pandanales that together form a clade - these are Cyclanthaceae and Pandanaceae. Pentastemona diverged first from the family, so is a sister clade to the rest of it. Actually, the genus demonstrates characteristics rather more different from other members of the Stemonaceae. In earlier classifications, it was placed in its own family. However, Stemona is sister to the other two genera that together form a clade. The family appears in Late Cretaceous - around 84 Mya, although the stem group diverged earlier in the same period - 108 Mya.

## Ecology

The Stemonaceae contain various herbaceous plants, many of which are crawling or climbing species preferring moist or dry tropical habitats. They form underground organs as spindle-shaped rhizomes used for reservation of nutrients.

## Uses

The family contains plants with various therapeutical and other uses in places such as China, Laos, Japan, Thailand, and others. Some members are used for making an insecticide. In Laos, people use them against fleas and lice by making an infusion which they drink to make their blood poisonous. Plants from the family are used for the preparation of a fish poison. Others play a role in folk medicine and are valued for their antibacterial, antitussive, antifungal, and other properties against lung or skin diseases.
# Robert Shaw (Ohio politician)

Robert Ross Shaw, Jr. (December 5, 1904 – March 27, 1985) was a prominent lawyer in Columbus, Ohio, and a member of the Ohio Senate from 1967 to 1972.

## Political career

He served the 16th Senate District, which encompasses most of the western portion of Franklin County, Ohio. Senator Shaw was born on December 5, 1904, the first son of Robert Ross Shaw, Sr. and Euphemia Duncan "Effie" Harrington. He graduated from Ohio State University Moritz College of Law in 1929. Upon opening his private legal practice, he married Elsie Melvilla Murray, also of Columbus, in St. Mary's, West Virginia on September 28, 1931. Among his duties during his tenure in the legislature, he was Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee. In 1972, Senator Shaw was instrumental in the introduction and passage of Senate Bill SB 176, which provided for the licensing and regulation of professional psychologists within the State of Ohio.

## Retirement

He retired from the Senate later that year, following the death of his wife, Elsie, and was succeeded by Donald L. Woodland. During his subsequent retirement, he married his childhood sweetheart, Mabel Damsel, in Columbus on May 16, 1980. Senator Shaw died in Columbus on March 27, 1985, and was buried in Union Cemetery.
# Amnicola rhombostomus

Amnicola rhombostomus, common name the squaremouth Amnicola snail, is a species of very small aquatic snail, an operculate gastropod mollusk in the family Amnicolidae

## Distribution

This species occurs in Florida, USA.
# Vårdö

Vårdö is an island municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland.
The municipality has a population of 462 (31 December 2024) and covers an area of 572.56 square kilometres (221.07 sq mi) of which 471.16 km$^2$ (181.92 sq mi) is water. The population density is 4.54 inhabitants per square kilometre (11.8/sq mi) of land.
The municipality is unilingually Swedish.
Two notable Finnish authors, Sally Salminen and Anni Blomqvist, were born in Vårdö. Blomqvist lived her whole life on the Vårdö island of Simskäla.
The word "vårdö" means "the guardian island". On the highest mountain of Vårdö people used to light bonfires to warn the other islands of danger.
The old post route from Stockholm to Turku went through Vårdö, by road from Båthusviken to Hullvik on the main island, otherwise by water. The local citizens took care of the mail transport in any type of weather. The dangerous mail transport lasted for over 300 years (1638–1910). Many people drowned on these journeys and in the memory of them the municipality of Vårdö has erected a memorial on the seashore of Hullvik. Today the post route road is marked with milestones.
# Hydrolea ovata

Hydrolea ovata is a species of flowering plant known by the common names ovate false fiddleleaf and blue waterleaf. It is native to the southeastern United States.
This rhizomatous perennial herb has spiny stems that grow up to 2 feet tall. The spiny, alternately arranged leaves are oval in shape. The flowers are blue.
This is a wetland species. It grows near ponds, ditches, and other wet sites and is used in wetland restoration projects.
# Jasmin Jüttner

Jasmin Jüttner (née Bleul; 22 May 1993) is a German karateka. She is a multiple German champion in the Kata discipline.

## Career

Jüttner began taking karate lessons at TV Strötzbach at the age of seven. After she was accepted into the Bayern squad, she started for the KD Untermerzbach for a few years. Since 2005, she has been training in the Budocenter of the kata trainer Efthimios Karamitsos in Frankfurt. From 2007 to 2016, she had been German champion in kata singles 10 consecutive occasions. In 2013, she was Shōtōkan world champion in Liverpool in the WSKA with the German women's national kata team. In November 2014, she became WKF world champion in Bremen with the team of the national kata team. In November 2014, she was also elected athlete of the month by ran with the women's national team. Her favorite kata is the Unsu. In preparation for the competition, she is on the mat up to eleven times a week. She wears the third Dan Shōtōkan karate. She received her third Dan in recognition of her achievements at the 2014 Karate World Cup.
Jüttner secured her places on the German squad in the women's kata category by finishing among the top four in the final pool round of the 2021 World Qualification Tournament in Paris, France. In November 2021, she competed at the 2021 World Karate Championships held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
She won one of the bronze medals in the women's individual kata event at the 2022 European Karate Championships held in Gaziantep, Turkey. She competed in the women's kata at the 2022 World Games held in Birmingham, United States.
She won the one of the bronze medals in the women's individual kata event at the 2024 European Karate Championships held in Zadar, Croatia.

## Personal life

Jüttner has been married to karateka Philip Jüttner since September 2017.
# Dreieich-Buchschlag station

Dreieich-Buchschlag station is a railway station on the Rhine-Main S-Bahn in the town of Dreieich in the German state of Hesse. It was opened in 1879 on the Main-Neckar Railway. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.

## History

The station was opened in 1879 with the name of Buchschlag-Sprendlingen on the Main-Neckar Railway line. It opened up a forest district in the municipality of Mitteldick. In order to stimulate the development of the surrounding communities, it was decided on 1 April 1905 to build the Dreieich Railway (Dreieichbahn) between Buchschlag-Sprendlingen and Ober-Roden. Buchschlag-Sprendlingen station was renamed Dreieich-Buchschlag on 1 January 1977.

## Location

The station is located on the western edge of Buchschlag on Buchschlager Allee (continuing to the west as Wald am Mitteldicker Weg) on the Main-Neckar Railway, connecting Frankfurt and Heidelberg. Shortly south of the station, the Dreieich Railway branches off to Rödermark-Ober Roden.

## Connections

Today, the station is in the territory of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (Rhine-Main Transport Association, RMV), with S-Bahn services operated by the Rhine-Main S-Bahn and regional services operated by Deutsche Bahn. In addition, it has two bus stops, a taxi stand and park and ride facility.

## Infrastructure

The entrance building of Dreieich-Buchschlag station has been sold off and now houses a restaurant. There is still a sign reading Buchschlag-Sprendlingen on the station building.
Immediately next to the entrance building, there are 5 tracks passing over a level crossing over Buchschlager Allee. Since many trains pass over the crossing, the barriers can remain closed for a long time. In 1999 the barrier was closed for 46 minutes per hour on average. Since then this has only increased due to more scheduled trains. Waiting times can regularly surpass 60 minutes for a crossing during rush hour. A small tunnel under the railway tracks exists north of the station and is used exclusively by taxis and the public bus using a remote-controlled barrier. Opening this tunnel for public use is not feasible due to its narrowness which would cause gridlock. All plans on establishing a publicly usable bypass road have been discontinued in 2011 due to protest from local residents.

## Public transport services
### Rail

The station is served by the Rhine-Main S-Bahn and DB Regio services.
S-Bahn lines S6 stops at the station every fifteen minutes from Monday to Saturday. The Regionalbahn RB 61 service (Dreieich Railway) runs from Dieburg to Frankfurt every 60 minutes. On weekdays there are additional services between Rödermark Ober-Roden and Neu-Isenburg resulting in a service every 30 minutes on the common section.

### Bus

Some bus routes stop at the station, mainly city bus line OF-64. During the summer months (May 1 to September/October) each year, Waldseebus (OF-Line 65) runs to and from Langener Waldsee, a popular Baggersee (lake established in an abandoned quarry) used as part of the Ironman Germany triathlon competition.
# Old Courthouse, Coleraine

The Old Courthouse is a former judicial facility on Castlerock Road in Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is a Grade B1 listed building.

## History

The foundation stone for the building was laid by a local magistrate, Charles Knox, on 24 November 1850. It was designed by Stewart Gordon in the Neoclassical style, built by Constantine Dornan and was completed in 1852. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage facing the corner of Castlerock Road and Captain Street Lower; the central section featured a tetrastyle portico with Doric order columns supporting a frieze and a pediment. A plaque carved with the date "1852" was carved into the stonework above the doorway. A small bridewell was added in 1859. Rowan observed that "the columns [were] too closely spaced for comfort".
The building was originally used as a facility for dispensing justice but, following the implementation of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, which established county councils in every county, it also became a meeting place for Londonderry County Council. An extensive programme of renovation works was completed in 1908. In the 1960s, county leaders decided that the courthouse was too cramped to accommodate the county council in the context of the county council's increasing administrative responsibilities, especially while the courthouse was still acting as a facility for dispensing justice, and therefore chose to move to County Hall, conveniently located just to the north of the courthouse in Coleraine, in July 1970.
After the judicial functions of the courthouse were transferred to modern facilities in Mountsandel Road, the courthouse on Castlerock Road closed in 1985. It was subsequently left empty and deteriorating until it was acquired by Wetherspoons who converted it for leisure use and re-opened it as a public house on 28 February 2001. After Wetherspoons decided to sell five public houses in the area, it was acquired by the Granny Annie's Group in November 2016. The new owners sought planning consent to extend the premises with the creation of a beer garden in August 2017 but indicated, in September 2019, that the venue would be closed on Mondays and Tuesdays as it was "a quite time of year". The Weatherspoons Chairman, Tim Martin, admitted in December 2019 that it had been a mistake to withdraw from the area.
# Stephen A. Oxman

Stephen Alan Oxman (born 1945) was United States Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs from 1993 to 1994.

## Biography

Stephen A. Oxman was educated at Princeton University, graduating magna cum laude with a B.A. in 1967. He then earned a J.D. at Yale University, before becoming a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford University, where he earned a Ph.D.
In 1973, Oxman joined the law firm of Cravath, Swaine & Moore as an associate attorney. He left Cravath in 1977 when he became Executive Assistant to United States Deputy Secretary of State Warren Christopher. He later became a consultant to United States Secretary of State Cyrus Vance during the Iran hostage crisis.
Following the end of the Carter administration, in 1980, Oxman joined Shearman & Sterling as a litigation partner. In 1988, he moved to the newly founded investment bank of Wasserstein Perella & Co.
In 1981, he was selected to be one of the first Young Leaders of the French-American Foundation.
In 1993, President of the United States Bill Clinton nominated Oxman as Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs, and he held this office from April 2, 1993 until August 15, 1994.
Upon leaving government service in 1994, Oxman joined Wolfensohn & Company, a private investment and advisory firm founded by James Wolfensohn, as a senior partner. Bankers Trust acquired Wolfensohn & Co. in 1996, and Oxman became Senior Managing Director of BT Wolfensohn. He left Wolfensohn & Co. for Morgan Stanley in 1999.
Oxman currently serves as a trustee of Princeton University.