# West Bengal Civil Service

The West Bengal Civil Service (Executive) (Paśchimboṅgo Nāgarik Sēbā), commonly known as W.B.C.S. (Exe.), is the civil service of the Indian state of West Bengal. The Public Service Commission of West Bengal conducts competitive examinations for W.B.C.S. (Exe.) and other similar posts in three phases each year: Preliminary, Mains, and Personality Test.

## WBCS Exams

| Exam Phase | Paper | Time | Subject | Question Type | Total Marks |
| Preliminary Exams | 1 paper (qualifying) | 2½ hrs. | General Studies (8 topics including Reasoning), English language, History, Geography, Current Affairs, General Knowledge, General Science and Indian Polity and Economy | MCQ | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper I | 3 hrs. | Bengali / Hindi / Urdu / Nepali/Santali | Descriptive | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper II | 3 hrs. | English | Descriptive | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper III | 3 hrs. | General Studies-I : History & Geography | MCQ | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper IV | 3 hrs. | General Studies-II : Science & Technology, Environment, G.K and Current Affairs | MCQ | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper V | 3 hrs. | The Constitution of India & Indian Economy | MCQ | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper VI | 3 hrs. | Arithmetic and Test of Reasoning | MCQ | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper VII | 3 hrs. | Optional Subject Paper I | Descriptive | 200 |
| Main Exams | Paper VIII | 3 hrs. | Optional Subject Paper II | Descriptive | 200 |
| Total Marks | Total Marks | Total Marks | Total Marks | Total Marks | 1600 |
| $^1$ Only one optional subject should be chosen from the prescribed list. The optional paper is applicable only for candidates who have opted for Group A and B. $^2$ The total marks are 1,200 for Group C and D candidates. ||||||
Personality Tests :
| Group A | Group B | Group C | Group D |
| 200 Marks | 200 Marks | 150 Marks | 100 Marks |
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the online application process for the examination used to begin in November, and the preliminary exam was generally held either in the last week of January or the first week of February, across various cities in West Bengal. Although the recruitment process remains the same post pandemic, the usual timings of the examination has undergone drastic changes altogether. It takes at least five months to publish the result of the Preliminary examination. The candidates clearing the cut-off score qualify for the Main examinations, conducted across four days in August–September at selected centres in Kolkata and at the WBPSC office. Candidates who pass the Mains are called for the Personality Test.
A selection list for Group A and Group B is initially issued by the Commission, consisting of the names of candidates who have cleared the cutoff scores for the respective groups and qualified for the Personality Test. A few months later, the Personality Test for Group C and Group D are conducted. Once the Personality Tests for the services under respective groups are over, the final merit list of the officers under different services are published in phases. The entire recruitment process for Group A and B officers takes approximately two and a half years, while it takes more than three years for Group C and Group D, respectively.

## Recruitment

There are different groups in the recruitment for this examination based on choice and merit. These are Group A, Group B (only for the West Bengal Police Service), Group C, and Group D. The WBCS (Exe) officers belong to Group A. Generally, according to the records of the WBPSC, candidates with higher scores prefer WBCS (Exe), WBPS, and some allied services like the erstwhile WBCTS as their first choice. Since 1988, some top-ranked candidates have chosen an allied service called WB Commercial Tax Service (WBCTS) as their first choice due to its less strenuous nature and the attraction of metro postings. Typically, WBCS (Exe) and WBCTS (now WBRS) cadres, along with the WBA&AS cadre, are promoted to IAS after about 27 years of service, while WBPS officers are promoted to IPS after 13 to 15 years of service in the state police.

## Functions

The WBCS (Exe) officers are typically appointed as Deputy Magistrates or Deputy Collectors on probation. After completing two years of mandatory administrative training at the Administrative Training Institute, they begin their careers as Deputy Magistrates, Deputy Collectors, and Block Development Officers (BDOs). They also issue orders in Executive Magistrate Courts and enforce certain sections of the Criminal Procedure Code. These officers perform crucial administrative functions at various levels across state departments. The highest position attainable for WBCS (Exe) officers is that of Departmental Secretary, with three posts of District Magistrate reserved for them in West Bengal. Additionally, WBCS (Exe) officers may be nominated to the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) later in their careers.
In 2017, the West Bengal government merged four revenue-related departments to form a single entity, the West Bengal Revenue Service (WBRS), to improve taxpayer service. The departments included in this merger were the West Bengal Commercial Tax Service, West Bengal Excise Service, West Bengal Agricultural Income Tax Service, and West Bengal Registration and Stamp Revenue Service. The Finance Department manages the cadre of the West Bengal Revenue Service. Officers start as Assistant Commissioners of Revenue and can be promoted to Deputy Commissioner, Joint Commissioner, Senior Joint Commissioner, Additional Commissioner, and Special Commissioner of Revenue. Similar to WBCS (Exe) officers, WBRS officers may also be promoted to the IAS cadre later in their careers.
WBRS officers are crucial in revenue collection, administration, and mobilisation in the state. Many aspirants prefer WBRS over WBCS (Exe) and WBPS due to its better work-life balance, urban postings, and reduced political interference, which contributes to a more comfortable work environment. WBRS officers can be posted as Assistant Commissioners in the Commercial Tax Department, Deputy Excise Collectors in the Excise Directorate, or Additional District Sub-Registrars in the Directorate of Registration and Stamp Revenue. Officers recruited at a young age may rise to the Commissioner rank, which is an IAS cadre post.
WBRS officers, as Assistant Commissioners of Revenue, handle the collection of State GST and prevent tax evasion through searches and raids. As Deputy Excise Collectors, they collect excise duty on alcoholic beverages and combat illicit drug sources through regulatory and enforcement actions. As Additional District Sub-Registrars, they oversee the registration and valuation of immovable properties during transactions and collect stamp duty and registration fees.
* WBCoS officers start as Assistant Registrars of Cooperative Societies (ARCS).
* WBLS officers begin as Assistant Labour Commissioners (ALC).
* WBF&SS officers are initially Sub-Divisional Controllers of Food and Supplies (SCFS).
* WBES officers are appointed as Employment Officers (EO).
* WBPS officers are initially posted as Deputy Superintendents of Police (DySP) or Assistant Commissioners of Police (ACP).

## Services

Services are categorised into four groups, as follows:

### Group A

* West Bengal Civil Services (Executive) WBCS (Exe)
* West Bengal Revenue Service (WBRS)
* West Bengal Co-operative Service (WBCoS)
* West Bengal Labour Service (WBLS)
* West Bengal Food and Supplies Service (WBF&FS)
* West Bengal Employment Service (Non-Technical) (WBES)

### Group B

* West Bengal Police Service (WBPS)

### Group C

* West Bengal Correctional Home Services (CSWB)
* Joint Block Development Officer (Jt. BDO)
* Deputy Assistant Director of Consumers and Fair Business Practices
* West Bengal Junior Social Welfare Service (WBJSWS)
* Assistant Canal Revenue Officer (Irrigation) (ACRO–Irrigation)
* West Bengal Sub-ordinate Land Revenue Services, Grade-I (SLRO)
* Assistant Commercial Tax Officer (ACTO)
* Chief Controller of Correctional Service (CCCS)

### Group D

* Inspector of Co-operative Societies (ICoS)
* Panchayat Development Officer (PDO)
* Rehabilitation Officer (RO)