OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oberoderwitzer Spitzberg

Oberoderwitzer Spitzberg (Upper Sorbian: Hornja Wódkowica) is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.
50°57′37″N 14°41′24″E﻿ / ﻿50.96028°N 14.69000°E﻿ / 50.96028; 14.69000
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# Aksaray Province

Aksaray Province (Turkish: Aksaray ili) is a province in central Turkey. Its adjacent provinces are Konya along the west and south, Ankara to the northwest, Niğde to the southeast, Nevşehir to the east, and Kırşehir to the north. Its area is 7,659 km$^2$, and its population is 433,055 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Aksaray.
Aksaray is one of the four provinces in Cappadocia, along with Nevşehir, Niğde, and Kayseri. Also, the 3,000-metre (9,843 ft) volcano Mount Hasan stands between Aksaray and Niğde. Summers are hot and dry on the plain, but the area is green and covered in flowers in springtime, when water streams off the mountainside. The 2,400 m2 salt lake (0.59 acres), Tuz Gölü, lies within the boundaries of Aksaray, a large swamp area with a maximum depth of 1 metre (3 ft 3 in).

## Districts

Aksaray province is divided into 8 districts (capital district in bold):
* Ağaçören
* Aksaray
* Eskil
* Gülağaç
* Güzelyurt
* Ortaköy
* Sarıyahşi
* Sultanhanı

## Etymology

In antiquity the area was named Archelais Garsaura, which was mutated to Taksara during the Seljuk Turkish era, and then to Aksaray. Aksaray means "White Palace" in Turkish.

## History

The plains of central Anatolia have been settled for 8,000 years, and the area around Aksaray bears monuments to a string of civilisations that have settled on the plain in that time. The mound of Aşıklı Höyük in the town of Kızılkaya indicates a settlement dating back to 5,000BC (and also a skull of a woman who had apparently been trepanned, the earliest known record of brain surgery).
Later the Silk Road came through here so caravanserai and then larger and larger settlements were built to supply and shelter travellers and traders. The city and surroundings of Aksaray thrived in the Roman, Byzantine and the Turkish periods.
Today Aksaray is a rural, agricultural province, its people religious and conservative. Since the 1950s, many have moved to Europe as migrant workers. The population of Aksaray has long included a higher proportion of Kurdish people than most central Anatolian provinces. Many were resettled here from Tunceli, Diyarbakir, Adiyaman. and other eastern cities following the Sheikh Said rebellion in the 1920s.
# Mount Makaturing

Mount Makaturing, also known locally as Palaw a Magatoring, is a stratovolcano on Mindanao island in the Philippines. It is located in the province of Lanao del Sur (particularly in the town of Butig) in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. Makaturing has an elevation of 1,940 metres (6,365 ft) and a base diameter of 29 km (18 mi). It is part of a string of volcanoes called the Central Mindanao Arc.
The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanology Program, citing the Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (Neumann van Padang, 1953), suggests that some eruptions were actually those of neighboring Ragang volcano.
Makaturing is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines. All are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

## Historical events

On May 18, 1947, Philippine Air Force (PAF) commander Gen. Edwin Andrews died with 16 others when the C-47 transport plane, named 'Lili Marlene' carrying them crashed in Makaturing along with Senator Francisco C. Zulueta. Nine years later, the PAF established an air base in Zamboanga City, which is now named the Edwin Andrews Air Base from where the Philippine military launches air support operations in the ongoing campaign against separatists.
# Bastián Yáñez

Bastián Jean Yáñez Miranda (born 21 June 2001) is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a forward for Argentine club Godoy Cruz.

## Club career

Yáñez came to Unión Española at the age of 8 and became champion of the Campeonato Nacional Sub 17 (National under-17 Championship) in 2018. In the same year, he made his professional debut in a Chilean Primera División match against O'Higgins. He ended his contract at the end of 2024.
In 2025, Yáñez moved abroad and signed with Argentine club Godoy Cruz.

## International career

In September 2021, he was called up to the Chile senior team for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, but he was withdrawn from the squad due to an injury.
Yáñez made his debut for the Chile national team on 9 December 2021 in a 2–2 draw against Mexico.
He represented Chile at under-23 level in a 1–0 win against Peru U23 on 31 August 2022, in the context of preparations for the 2023 Pan American Games.

## Honours
### Unión Española U17

* Campeonato Nacional Sub-17 (1): 2018
# Reading stone

A reading stone is an approximately hemispherical lens that can be placed over text to magnify the letters, making it easier for people with presbyopia to read. Reading stones were among the earliest common uses of lenses.
The invention of reading stones is often credited to Abbas ibn Firnas in the 9th century, although the regular use of reading stones did not begin until around 1000 AD. Early reading stones were made from rock crystal (quartz), beryl and glass, which could be shaped and polished into lenses used for magnification. The Swedish Visby lenses, dating from the 11th or 12th century, may have been early reading stones.
The function of reading stones was replaced by spectacles from the late 13th century onwards, but modern versions are still in use. In their contemporary form, they can be found as rod-shaped magnifiers, flat on one side, that magnify a line of text at a time, or as large dome magnifiers which magnify a circular area of a page. Larger Fresnel lenses can be placed over an entire page. The modern versions are typically made of plastic.
# Misery (album)

Misery is the sixth studio album by Australian post-hardcore band the Amity Affliction. The album was released on 24 August 2018. It is the first album without drummer Ryan Burt, following his departure in February 2018. It is the first album to feature Joe Longobardi on drums. However, during recording and the release of this album, he was only a session drummer. He was not made official until the end of 2018. It is also the first album to feature Joel Birch performing clean vocals on some tracks on the album along with the album being a departure from the band's usual straight metalcore sound and instead included some electronic elements on top of the metalcore sound. It is the band's final album for Roadrunner and UNFD.

## Personnel

Credits for Misery adapted from liner notes.

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 1 |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 39 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 154 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 38 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 83 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 51 |
| US Billboard 200 | 70 |
# Teddy Morgan

Edward Morgan (22 May 1880 – 1 September 1949) was a Welsh international rugby union player. He was a member of the victorious Wales team who beat the 1905 touring All Blacks in the famous Match of the Century and is remembered for scoring the game's winning try. He played club rugby for London Welsh and Swansea.

## Career

Morgan became a general practitioner in Sketty, Swansea before moving to a new practice in East Anglia. While at Sketty, another international rugby player joined his practice in the early 1920s, D Bertram, who would go on to be capped 11 times for Scotland. Morgan died on 1 September 1949 in North Walsham. In 2008, Morgan was celebrated by the local council when it was decided to raise a blue plaque at his birthplace to commemorate his life.

## Rugby career
### Wales

Morgan moved to London from Newport in 1902 to take up a post at Guy's Hospital, and played with London Welsh. It was while playing in London that Morgan earned his first international cap, for Wales against England. Morgan's career with Wales saw him score 14 tries from the wing, but his best-remembered was that scored against the Original All Blacks in the Match of the Century at Cardiff Arms Park on 16 December 1905. In the monumental match between the unbeaten All Blacks and the Triple Crown-winning Welsh team, Morgan is believed to have led his team in singing the Welsh national anthem in response to the New Zealanders' haka. This was the first time a national anthem had been sung at a sporting event. The strongly contested game was decided by a single score. In the twenty-fifth minute, Welsh scrum half Dicky Owen released the ball to Cliff Pritchard, who received the ball at ankle level before darting forward. Having run past Bob Dean, Pritchard released to Rhys Gabe who in turn found Morgan. Morgan dummied George Gillett and touched the ball down in the corner.
After the match Morgan expressed disagreement with the referee's controversial decision to disallow a try claimed by New Zealand player Bob Deans. A contemporary reporter stated "Morgan sprinted across from the left wing, and helped Winfield to save what otherwise would have been a try by tackling Deans before be grounded the ball, and, though a splendid effort was made by the centre threequarter to straggle over, timely reinforcements came to Morgan, and the ball was grounded between two and three feet from the line, though Deans considers he grounded the ball in goal. But the incident has been the subject of different accounts, with Cliff Pritchard, Rhys Gabe and Welsh captain Gwyn Nicholls claiming to have been among the tacklers and in a good position to see that the ball was grounded short of the line.

### International games played

Wales
* England 1902, 1904, 1905, 1906
* France 1908
* Ireland 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906
* New Zealand 1905
* Scotland 1902, 1904, 1905, 1906
* South Africa 1906

### British Isles

In 1904 Morgan was one of the Welsh players chosen to tour Australasia under the captaincy of Bedell-Sivright. Morgan would captain the British team against both Australia and New Zealand during this tour.
# Annikvere, Jõgeva County

Annikvere is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
# Wilhelm Dörr

Wilhelm "Willy" Dörr (7 August 1881 – 5 April 1955) was a German track and field athlete and tug of war competitor who competed in the 1906 Intercalated Games. He was born and died in Frankfurt am Main. In 1906, he was part of the German team which won the gold medal in the tug of war competition. In the ancient pentathlon contest he finished 16th and he also participated in the discus throw event but his result is unknown.
# Shmuel Eyal

Shmuel (Rubashkin) Eyal (Hebrew: שמואל איל; November 7, 1922 – March 5, 2008), OBE, was Haganah fighter and later a major general in the Israel Defense Forces. He served as the 8th head of the Manpower Directorate from 1966 to 1970.

## Biography

Eyal was born on November 7, 1922, in Vitebsk in Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1924 he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine. He went to the kindergarten there and to the Haviv public school in Rishon Le-Zion. He graduated from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem with a degree in economics and history.
In 1937 he enlisted to the Haganah where he underwent a course in Kiryat Anavim. In 1940 he joined the Jewish Settlement Police where he served as a constable ("jhaffir"). During his service he graduated from the Juara training base in Ramat Menashe, in northern Israel. By 1946 was promoted to general commander in Rishon Lezion. In 1947 he was promoted to the Ephraim district commander.
During the 1947–1949 Palestine war, he commanded the 52nd battalion the Givati Brigade. Has a commander he participated in the capture of Ashkelon, Nitzanim, and Isdud. Later becoming part of the Fallujah Pocket in the siege of Beersheba.
After the war, Eyal served as the a head manager in the Air Force. He continued his studies at the Hebrew University. In 1958 he was appointed Civilian Defense's Chief Officer, and by 1960 he had become the Brigade commander of the Nahal Brigade. In 1966 he was appointed to head of the Manpower Directorate.

### Israel's military attaché in the UK

After completing his term in 1970 he served as Military attaché in the United Kingdom. At the end of his service, Shmuel Eyal was awarded Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire by the Queen of the United Kingdom, Elizabeth II for his work in advancing the commerce between Israel and Britain. He was discharged from the army with the rank of major general in 1973.

### After his release from the IDF

With the outbreak of the Yom Kippur War, he was re-enlisted and took part in the Israeli delegation to the "101 Kilometer Talks" which led to the Agreement on Disengagement between Israel and Egypt.
After his release from the army, Eyal ran for mayor of Rishon Lezion from the Alignment party. In 1974 he was appointed to CEO of Hamashbir Lazarchan. Between 1975 and 1989 he acted as the general manager. At the same time he also as assistant chief of the Personnel Directorate assisting with Israeli MIAs. He held that role until 1983.
After retiring, Eyal was involved in many volunteering roles, including:
* Member of the Veterans of the Haganah
* National Board Member of the Israel Management Center
* Member of the Public Council for Commemorating Soldiers
* Member of The Society for Preservation of Israel Heritage Sites (SPIHS)
* Friends of the Rishon Lezion Museum
# Eshay

Eshay (/ˈɛʃeɪ/) is a slang expression associated with an Australian urban youth subculture that originated from Western Sydney in the late 1980s, but has brought into the mainstream since the late 2010s and the 2020s.
In New Zealand, "hoodrats" are a similar subculture.

## Etymology

The term can refer to individuals within the subculture, or to the subculture itself, and can have various other meanings in different contexts. The word "eshay" apparently derives from the Pig Latin for "sesh" (meaning cannabis smoking session). The term "adlay" (/ˈædleɪ/), Pig Latin for "lad," refers to the same subculture.

## Description

Eshays, or lads, are often considered stereotypically hypermasculine and inclined to crime and violence. However, while most eshays are male, a minority of them are female. They may be affiliated with other local youths from a postcode, hang out in groups, use slang derived from Pig Latin, wear sportswear, have mullets and engage in immature and anti-social behaviour. Common fashion items include bumbags and Nike shoes (specifically NikeTNs). Due to the eshay subculture surrounding the shoe, wearers have been banned from some pubs and clubs. Eshays often have access to alcohol, electronic cigarettes, illegal drugs, pornography and social media (namely Snapchat and TikTok).
Typical hangout areas for eshays include bus stops, shopping centres, pubs, streets and train stations.
"Gutter rap" (also known as "lad rap" due to its popularity among eshays) is a form of drill rap. Rappers in this genre include Kerser and Onefour.

## Slang

Eshays are known to use unique slang words when speaking, many of which derive from Pig Latin.
Examples of slang words used by eshays :
| Word | Definition |
| Adlay | A "lad" (an eshay) |
| B(r)ah Lad | "Bro", "mate", "dude" (a term of endearment, usually for a male) |
| Eetswa | "Sweet", good |
| Gronk | An annoying person |
| Illchay | To chill, to relax Chill out (an expression) |
| Ogday | A "dog" (an unpleasant person) |
| Roll | To rob someone |
| Sesh | A "session" (usually refers to a time when people smoke marijuana) |
| Entays | Slang word referring to Nike TN's |
# Alison Carroll

Alison Carroll (born 21 May) is an English gymnast, model and actress. She was the live-action model of the video game character Lara Croft from 2008 to 2010.

## Biography

Carroll was born on 21 May. She trained at the Urdang Academy in Musical Theatre and graduated in 2007 with a distinction. Carroll has represented the United Kingdom as a professional display gymnast. She is also a teenagers' gymnastics coach, choreographing the winning junior team at the British National Championships.
Carroll began acting in 2007. In August 2008, Carroll was announced as the new Lara Croft model for the latest video game featuring the heroine, Tomb Raider: Underworld. Carroll replaced previous Lara model Karima McAdams, who retired from the role earlier in the year. Carroll held the position until 2010 and is the final official Lara Croft model, as the use of models has been discontinued for future Tomb Raider games.
Carroll was cast in the 2010 thriller Life is an Art. The movie screened at the Cannes Film Festival in 2010.
In January 2011, it was announced that Carroll was cast in the action film Amsterdam Heavy by director Michael Wright.

## Filmography

* Doghouse (2009) as The Teen
* Life is an Art (2010) as Claire Jones
* The Kid (2010) as Clare
* Amsterdam Heavy (2011) as Monique
* Amina (2012) as Lucy
* Devil's Tower (2014) as Fiona
* Gridiron UK (2015) as Jenny
* Swipe Right Horror (2016) as Michelle
# John Harvey (North Carolina politician)

John Harvey (December 11, 1724–May 3, 1775) was a legislative leader in the Province of North Carolina and subsequently a leader in the creation of the revolutionary movement in the province.

## Life story

From 1766 through 1769 and from 1773 through 1775, Harvey, a resident of Perquimans County, was the Speaker of the Province of North Carolina House of Burgesses.
While still serving as Speaker, Harvey served as moderator, or president, of the first and second North Carolina Provincial Congresses (1774 and 1775). The first congress, for which Harvey had distributed handbills urging people to elect delegates, was supposedly "the first popular assembly anywhere in America, called by the people and held in the presence of the king's officers, in direct disobedience to British authority." At the first congress, he represented Onslow County, while at the second, he was a delegate from Perquimans County, where he actually lived. He died sometime between April and August 1775.
During World War II, the Liberty Ship SS John Harvey was built, in his honor, at a shipyard in Wilmington, North Carolina.
# Gisela Pino

Gisela Francisca Pino Garrido (born 1 September 1992) is a Chilean footballer who plays as a midfielder for Peruvian club Universitario.

## Career

After playing for Women's Championship club Colo-Colo, in 2022 she moved by first time outside Chile and joined Colombian club Deportivo Cali. In October 2023, she was loaned out to Peruvian club Universitario for the Copa Libertadores.
In 2024, Pino returned to her homeland and signed with Universidad de Chile. The next year, she rejoined Peruvian club Universitario.
# Girardinus metallicus

Girardinus metallicus is a species of fish from the family of the Poeciliidae.

## Morphology

The male can have a size of 5 cm and the female can reach 9 cm in size.

## Geographical distribution

The species is endemic to the island of Cuba.
# Sabine Richter

Sabine Richter (born 18 July 1966) is a German former track and field sprinter who competed mainly over 100 metres. She represented her country at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1991 World Championships in Athletics, winning a relay bronze medal at the latter.

## Career

Born in Frankfurt, Richter began training with Eintracht Frankfurt sports club. After a third-place finish in the 100 m at the 1988 West German Athletics Championships, she was chosen to represent West Germany at the 1988 Summer Olympics. There she reached the quarter-finals of the individual 100 m and placed fourth overall in the 4×100 metres relay alongside Ulrike Sarvari, Andrea Thomas and Ute Thimm.
Richter won her first and only national title at the start of 1989, taking the 60 m crown at the West German Indoor Athletics Championships. She gained her selection for the 1989 European Athletics Indoor Championships, where she placed sixth in the 60 m final. Her next appearance was at the 1990 European Athletics Championships, but she failed to get past the 100 m heats. She competed in her hometown for the 1991 European Cup and came away with a silver medal in the relay (the German team coming six hundredths short of the Soviet winners).
Richter placed third in the 100 m behind Katrin Krabbe and Grit Breuer at the German Athletics Championships – the first edition following German reunification. She ran a personal best of 11.39 seconds for the 100 m that year. She was selected for both the individual and relay events at the 1991 World Championships in Athletics. She failed to get past the quarterfinals of the 100 m, but performed well in the relay alongside Breuer, Krabbe and Heike Drechsler with a bronze medal performance of 42.33 seconds.
This proved to be the height of her career and also her last major international appearance for Germany. She later married German hurdler Heiko Buss and worked as an assistant in a biology laboratory.

## Personal bests

* 100 metres – 11.39 (1991)
* 60 metres indoor – 7.31 seconds (1989)

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 28th (qf) | 100 m | 11.59 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 4th | 4 × 100 m | 42.76 |
| 1989 | European Indoor Championships | The Hague, Netherlands | 6th | 60 m | 7.31 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 18th (h) | 100 m | 11.84 |
| 1991 | European Cup | Frankfurt, Germany | 2nd | 4 × 100 m | 42.57 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 24th (qf) | 100 m | 11.66 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 3rd | 4 × 100 m | 42.33 |
(#) Indicates overall position in qualifying heats (h) or quarter-finals (qf).

## National titles

* West German Indoor Athletics Championships
** 60 metres: 1989
# Benoni S. Fuller

Benoni Stinson Fuller (November 13, 1825 – April 14, 1903) was an American educator and politician who served two terms as a U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1875 to 1879.

## Biography

Born near Boonville, Indiana, Fuller attended the common schools, and later taught school in Warrick County. He became sheriff of Warrick County in 1856 and 1858. He served in the Indiana Senate in 1862, 1870, and 1872, and served as member of the Indiana House of Representatives 1866-1868.

### Congress

Fuller was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1878.

### Later career and death

He then engaged in agricultural pursuits in Warrick County. He died in Boonville, Indiana, April 14, 1903. He was interred in Old Boonville Cemetery.

## Electoral history

General election 1874 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Benoni S. Fuller | 12,864 | 50.7 |
| | Republican | Heilman | 12,527 | 49.3 |
General election 1876 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Benoni S. Fuller | 14,727 | 50.6 |
| | Republican | C. A. Debruler | 13,158 | 45.2 |