OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Three Rivers (train)

The Three Rivers was an Amtrak passenger train that ran daily between New York City and Chicago via Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Akron. It started in 1995, replacing the Broadway Limited, and ran until March 7, 2005, when Amtrak cancelled a contract with the United States Postal Service that was specific to the train.

## History

Amtrak began the Three Rivers on September 10, 1995, as a replacement for the discontinued Broadway Limited. The train originally ran between New York and Pittsburgh, extending a New York–Harrisburg Keystone Service train. Using train numbers 46/47, it exchanged mail cars with the Chicago–Washington, D.C. Capitol Limited in Pittsburgh, while through passengers disembarked and changed trains.
Through service began on February 1, 1996, by coupling two Three Rivers Amfleet coaches to the Superliner consist of the Capitol Limited. Passage between the single-level and double-level cars was facilitated by a transition dorm car.$^{:27}$
Amtrak ended the switching operation on November 10, 1996, in favor of extending the Three Rivers to Chicago as an independent train. In doing so, they restored the Broadway Limited's numbers (40/41), albeit neither its full dining service nor its sleeping cars due to equipment shortages and an unfavorable schedule.
On April 1, 1999, Amtrak added a sleeping car to the Three Rivers, using four previously stored Heritage Fleet sleepers that they had restored for $250,000 since no Viewliners were available. The last standard 10-6 sleepers operated by Amtrak, they required a Federal Railroad Administration waiver to operate because of their direct-dump toilets. When the waiver expired in October 2001, Amtrak retired the Heritage sleepers and replaced them with Viewliners, which had since become available.$^{:35}$

## Route

The Pittsburgh–New York Three Rivers stopped at Pittsburgh, Greensburg, Johnstown, Altoona, Huntingdon, Lewistown, Harrisburg, Lancaster, Paoli, Philadelphia, Trenton, Newark and New York. With the extension to Chicago in 1996, service began to Hammond–Whiting and Nappanee. Other stops in Ohio were added as station improvements were funded: Youngstown (May 16, 1997), Fostoria (December 15, 1997) and Akron (August 10, 1998). Latrobe was added as a flag stop on May 17, 1998.$^{:35}$
Highlights along the route included Horseshoe Curve near Altoona, Pennsylvania, and the Allegheny Mountains. The New York–Chicago trip took about 20 hours.
Service over the former route of the Three Rivers east of Pittsburgh is now provided by the Pennsylvanian. While its route west of Pittsburgh to Hammond–Whiting is no longer served by passenger trains, the Floridian still connects Pittsburgh and Chicago, albeit on a different route via Cleveland.

## Equipment

The Three Rivers used Amfleet coaches and either Amfleet or Horizon dinettes in addition to the later Heritage sleeper. At the height of Amtrak's experiment with mail and express business, a typical late 1990s Three Rivers had 4–6 passenger cars and upwards of 25 mail cars.$^{:31}$
# Lynne E. Maquat

Lynne Elizabeth Maquat is an American biochemist and molecular biologist whose research focuses on the cellular mechanisms of human disease. She is known for her work in describing the process of nonsense-mediated decay. She is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine. She currently holds the J. Lowell Orbison Endowed Chair and is a professor of biochemistry and biophysics, pediatrics and oncology at the University of Rochester Medical Center.

## Education

Maquat graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Science degree in biology from the University of Connecticut in 1974. She received her PhD in biochemistry from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1979.

## Career and research

Maquat did postdoctoral research at the McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research in Madison, Wisconsin. She then had a brief stint at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York before settling at the University of Rochester in Rochester, New York, where she now holds an endowed chair. Her research is focused on mRNA decay and the molecular basis of human disease. Her research Specifically, she was the first to describe nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, work that enabled the discovery of the exon junction complex as a critical quality-control mechanism in the cell. She also described Staufen-mediated mRNA decay, a competitive process to NMD, and microRNA degradation. Her research began with beta thalassemia as a model and expanded to other hemoglobinopathies. She has also studied cell death in breast cancer cells exposed to chemotherapy, and cellular differentiation in muscle cells. Maquat also founded the Graduate Women in Science program at the University of Rochester Medical School, which provides mentoring and support to women seeking graduate education in the sciences.

### Elected fellowships/memberships

* 2006 American Association for the Advancement of Science
* 2006 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
* 2011 National Academy of Sciences
* 2018 National Academy of Medicine

### Awards and honors

* 2010 Lifetime Achievement Award in Service from the International RNA Society
* 2012-2013 Batsheva de Rothschild Fellow of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
* 2014 Athena Award for community involvement
* 2014 William C. Rose Award
* 2015 Canada Gairdner International Award
* 2017 Vanderbilt Prize in Biomedical Science
* 2017 Lifetime Achievement Award in Science from the International RNA Society
* 2018 FASEB Excellence in Science Award.
* 2018 Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
* 2019 IUBMB Jubilee Lectureship
* 2021 Wolf Prize in Medicine, Wolf Foundation, Israel
* 2021 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
* 2023 Gruber Prize in Genetics
* 2024 Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research
* 2024 Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical Research
# Padmini Swaminathan

Padmini Swaminathan is an Indian feminist economist. She is the current Chairperson of the Centre for Livelihoods at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Hyderabad. She has also served as the Director of the Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) and held the chair for Regional Studies of the Reserve Bank of India at MIDS until her retirement in 2011. Swaminathan studies industrial organization, labour, education and health from a gender perspective.

## Published works

* Swaminathan, Padmini (1997). "Work and Reproductive Health: A Hobson's Choice for Indian Women?". Economic and Political Weekly. 32 (43): WS53 – WS61. JSTOR 4406008.
* Swaminathan, Padmini; Jeyaranjan, J.; Sreenivasan, R.; Jayashree, K. (2004). "Tamil Nadu's Midday Meal Scheme: Where Assumed Benefits Score over Hard Data". Economic and Political Weekly. 39 (44): 4811–4821. JSTOR 4415741.
* Swaminathan, Padmini (31 October 2009). "Outside the Realm of Protective Labour Legislation: Saga of Unpaid Labour in India". Economic and Political Weekly. XLIV (44): 80–87. JSTOR 25663737.
# Atal Bihari Vajpayee TTMC

The Atal Bihari Vajpayee Traffic and Transit Management Center, also Shantinagara Traffic and Transit Management Center, is a bus station in Shantinagara, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Long-distance luxury express buses of KSRTC, APSRTC, SETC and PRTC. Buses to Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Puducherry depart from this bus station. It is also a transit bus station for BMTC buses.

## Location

The bus station is located on Kengal Hanumantaiah Road, in Wilson Garden next to the central offices of the Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation and Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation. The Depot #1 of BMTC was remodelled as a bus station with four bays.

## Layout

The first bay is for BMTC buses going towards Jayanagar, Koramangala, J.P.Nagar, Bannerghatta Road and Hosur Road. The second bay is for all buses going towards Shivajinagar, Kempegowda Bus Station, K.R. Puram(G-12) and Kengeri(G-6). The third bay is for all buses towards Andhra Pradesh (Tirupati, Hyderabad, Vijayawada) etc. The Fourth bay is for all Tamil Nadu bound buses. There is also an air-conditioned lounge for passengers waiting for a bus to the Bengaluru International Airport.

## Connectivity

This place is well connected to Majestic, Shivajinagar, Koramangala, Hosur Road, Sarjapura Road, Bannerghatta Road, Jayanagara, Banashankari, Carmelaram Railway station and Mysuru Road.
# Joanna Jabłczyńska

Joanna Natalia Jabłczyńska (born 9 December 1985 in Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish actress and singer. Joanna is singer, lawyer, legal advisor, ambassador of many charity actions (especially for children), initially a presenter of youth programs.

## Education

She is a graduate of the Miguel de Cervantes Liceum in Warsaw.

## Discography

* Papparapa (2010)

## Filmography

* Trzy szalone zera – Ola Obrębska
* Wyrok na Franciszka Kłosa – Józia
* Duża przerwa – Student
* Słoneczna włócznia – Dora Parnel
* Powiedz to, Gabi – Gośka
* Na Wspólnej – Marta Konarska (née Hoffer)
* Nigdy w życiu! – Tosia
* Kto nigdy nie żył... – Marysia
* Tylko mnie kochaj – Waitress
* Nadzieja
* Dlaczego nie! – Moni
* Klan – Sylwia Marczyńska
* Niania – Nicole's manager
* Kryminalni – Ula (episode 98)
* Taniec z gwiazdami – Herself
* Jak oni śpiewają – Herself

## Polish dubbing

Video games
* Battlefield 4
* Disciples III: Renaissance – Various voices
* Dragon Age: Origins – Awakening – Sorcha / Additional voices
* Legend: Hand of God – Luna
* Mass Effect 2 – Gabriella Daniels
* Neverwinter Nights 2 – Neeshka
* Scooby-Doo! First Frights – Anna
Movies
* 7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood – Snow White
* A Bug's Life
* A Troll in Central Park – Rosie
* Babar: The Movie – Isabelle
* Barbie Fairytopia: Magic of the Rainbow
* Camp Rock series – Tess Tyler
* Chicken Little
* Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas – Cindy Lou Who
* Franklin and the Turtle Lake Treasure – Franklin
* Garfield's Fun Fest – Arlene
* Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
* Impy's Island – Wutz
* Lady and the Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure
* Lissi und der wilde Kaiser – Granny
* Monster House – Jenny
* NASCAR 3D: The IMAX Experience – Kim / Additional voices
* Over the Hedge – Heather
* Peter Pan – Wendy
* Planet 51
* Planet Terror – Dakota Block
* Pokémon: The Movie 2000 – Melody
* Return to Never Land Young Wendy
* Sokoliar Tomáš/Król sokołów – Agata
* Spirited Away – Chihiro Ogino
* Spy Kids series – Carmen Cortez
* The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D – Lava
* The Lion King II: Simba's Pride – Young Kiara
* The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea – Melody
* The Secret of Moonacre – Maria Merryweather
* The Wild Thornberrys Movie – Eliza Thornberry
* Zathura: A Space Adventure – Lisa
TV series
* 64 Zoo Lane – Lucy
* Avatar: The Last Airbender – Princess Yue
* Babar – Isabelle
* Foeksia de Miniheks – Foeksia
* Girlstuff/Boystuff – Talia
* Goosebumps – Various voices
* Jacob Two-Two – Emma
* ¡Mucha Lucha! – Buena Girl
* PB&J Otter
* Rolie Polie Olie – Zowie Polie (eps 1–39)
* Sabrina: The Animated Series – Sabrina Spellman
* Talespin – Molly Cunningham (2nd voice, 1st Polish dub)
* That's So Raven
* The Little Lulu Show – Lulu
* The Magic School Bus – Wanda Li
# International Phonetic Association

The International Phonetic Association (IPA; French: Association phonétique internationale, API) is an organization that promotes the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. The IPA's major contribution to phonetics is the International Phonetic Alphabet—a notational standard for the phonetic representation of all languages. The acronym IPA refers to both the association and the alphabet. On 30 June 2015, it was incorporated as a British private company limited by guarantee.
The IPA also oversees the Journal of the International Phonetic Association, published by Cambridge University Press, whose articles include descriptions of languages as well as other topics in phonetics. In addition, it arranges for the quadrennial International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS) through its affiliate, the Permanent Council for the Organization of ICPhS.

## Early history

In 1886, a small group of language teachers in Paris formed an association to encourage the use of phonetic notation in schools to help children acquire realistic pronunciations of foreign languages and also to aid in teaching reading to young children. The group, led by Paul Passy, called itself initially Dhi Fonètik Tîtcerz' Asóciécon (the FTA). In January 1889, the name of the Association was changed to L'Association Phonétique des Professeurs de Langues Vivantes (AP), and, in 1897, to L'Association Phonétique Internationale (API)—in English, the International Phonetic Association (IPA). The IPA's early peak of membership and influence in education circles was around 1914, when there were 1751 members in 40 countries. World War I and its aftermath severely disrupted the Association's activities, and the Journal did not resume regular publication until 1922.

## Development of the Alphabet

The group's initial aim was to create a set of phonetic symbols to which different articulations could apply, such that each language would have an alphabet particularly suited to describe the sounds of the language. Eventually it was decided that a universal alphabet, with the same symbol being used for the same sound in different languages was the ideal. The first prototype of the International Phonetic Alphabet appeared in Phonetic Teachers' Association (1888), and its development progressed rapidly up to the turn of the 20th century. Since then, there have been several sets of changes to the Alphabet, with additions and deletions that the progress of the science of phonetics has indicated.

## Examinations

The IPA also has given examinations in phonetics since 1908, awarding Certificates of Proficiency in the phonetics of English, French, or German.
# Ijichi Kōsuke

Baron Ijichi Kōsuke (伊地知 幸介, December 25, 1854 – January 23, 1917) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army in the First Sino-Japanese War and Chief of Staff of the Japanese Third Army during the Siege of Port Arthur in the Russo-Japanese War. His wife was the niece of Marshal Oyama Iwao.

## Biography

Ijichi was born to a samurai family in Kagoshima, Satsuma Domain (present-day Kagoshima prefecture). He was a graduate of the 2nd class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. After serving in the Imperial Guard, he was sent in 1880 to France for four years of training at the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, and from there to Germany. He was recalled before the start of the First Sino-Japanese War to serve on the planning department of the Imperial General Headquarters. After the war, he was sent as a military attaché to Great Britain from 1898 to 1900.
Promoted to major general in 1900, he held numerous staff positions within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff pertaining to field artillery. He was also briefly assigned to the staff of the Japanese embassy in Seoul, Korea in 1903. With the start of the Russo-Japanese War, he was assigned as Chief of staff to General Nogi Maresuke’s Third Army, in charge of the operation against the Imperial Russian stronghold of Port Arthur during the Siege of Port Arthur. There were several reasons for his choice: Ijichi had wide experience with foreign tactics from his years overseas, spoke several languages fluently and could interface with foreign military observers. He was also a specialist in artillery. And furthermore, his Satsuma background provided for a balance to Nogi's Chōshū origins, which was thought necessary in an army still divided by regional loyalties. However, Ijichi clashed with Nogi on several occasions during the Port Arthur campaign over the extremely high rate of casualties the Japanese forces were taking, and the long months without appreciable progress against the heavily fortified Russian positions. The Japanese command blamed Ijichi, rather than Nogi, for incompetence, and for continuing to order ineffective human wave attacks against Russian positions. Marshall Yamagata Aritomo, on the General Staff of the Manchurian Army pushed strongly to have Ijichi replaced by General Kodama Gentarō. Due to these issues, Nogi replaced him as chief of staff after the fall of Port Arthur, and refused him a position in the 3rd Army at the Battle of Mukden, reassigning him back to the Japanese home islands to assume command of the coastal artillery at Tokyo Bay.
After the war, Ijichi was promoted to lieutenant general and given the rank of danshaku (baron) in the kazoku peerage in 1907. He attempted to resign, citing health reasons; however, he was persuaded to stay on as commander of the IJA 11th Division until 1908. He retired in 1913.
# Kallam Anji Reddy

Kallam Anji Reddy (10 August 1941 – 15 March 2013) was an Indian entrepreneur in the pharmaceutical industry, the founder-chairman of Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, which he established in 1984, and chairman of Dr Reddy's Foundation (DRF), the corporate social responsibility arm of the group, established 1996. He was a member of the Indian Prime Minister's Council on Trade and Industry.

## Life

His High school studies went well in SKPVV Hindu High School, Vijayawada. After graduating from Annapotanna Zilla Parishath High School Nutakki, Reddy received his first Bachelor of Science degree from A.C. College at Guntur in 1958. He then earned his B.Sc.(Tech) in Pharmaceuticals and Fine chemicals from the University Department of Chemical Technology of University of Mumbai (now Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai), followed by a PhD in chemical engineering under L.K Doraiswamy from the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune in 1969.
Reddy died of cancer on 15 March 2013 at the Apollo Hospital in Hyderabad.

## Awarded

The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri in 2001 and later with the Padma Bhushan in 2011 for his contribution to the Indian pharmaceutical industry.
# Uchiyama Kojirō

Baron Uchiyama Kojirō (内山小二郎, 14 November 1859 – 14 February 1945) was a general in the early Imperial Japanese Army.

## Biography

Uchiyama was born in Edo as the second son to a samurai family in the service of Tottori Domain. He entered the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in May 1877. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the artillery of the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army in December 1879. In 1886, he graduated from the Army Staff College and was promoted to captain. In 1888, he became commandant of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy and in 1890 served on the staff of the IJA 6th Division. In September 1893 he was promoted to major, and the following year was assigned to the staff of the IJA 1st Division.
During the First Sino-Japanese War he was with the IJA 1st Division, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel of artillery in 1894. He became chief-of-staff of the IJA 1st Division in February 1895; however, he returned to Japan in May and was sent as a military attaché to Russia in December of the same year. He was appointed to colonel and assigned as a military attaché to France in October 1897. In January 1901, Uchiyama became commander of the IJA 15th Field Artillery Regiment, and was promoted to major general in June of the same year.
During the Russo-Japanese War Uchiyama commanded the IJA 1st Field Artillery Brigade, and from February 1905 was a staff officer with the IJA 5th Army. After the end of the war, he returned to Russia once again as a military attaché. In 1907, he was promoted to lieutenant general and commandant of Yura Fortress and from 1908 was commandant of Tokyo Bay Fortress. He subsequently commanded the IJA 15th Infantry Division in 1909 and the IJA 12th Infantry Division in 1912.
From 1913, he became an Aide-de-camp to the Emperor of Japan and was promoted to general in 1915. In November 1921, Uchiyama was ennobled with the title of baron (danshaku) under the kazoku peerage system. He entered the reserves in 1923 and was promoted to the honorific title of Junior Second Court Rank He retired in 1929 and died in 1945.

## Decorations

* 1893 - Order of the Sacred Treasure, 6th class
* 1895 - Order of the Rising Sun, 6th class
* 1895 - Order of the Golden Kite, 4th class
* 1896 - Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th class
* 1904 - Order of the Sacred Treasure, 3rd class
* 1906 - Order of the Golden Kite, 2nd class
* 1906 - Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd class
* 1914 - Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
* 1915 - Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun
* 1945 - Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia

### Foreign decorations

* 1902 - France, Legion of Honour, Commandeur
* 1908 - Russia Order of St. Stanislaus 1st degree
* 1916 - Order of the White Eagle
# Henri Mersch

Henri Mersch (4 October 1929 – 26 July 1983) was a Luxembourgish weightlifter. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# England national football team results (2020–present)

This article provides details of international football games played by the England national football team from 2020 to present.

## Head to head records

    As of match played 17 November 2024
Head to head records :
| Opponent | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | W% | D% | L% |
| Albania | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Andorra | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Australia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Austria | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Belgium | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 33.33 | 33.33 | 33.33 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Brazil | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Croatia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Czech Republic | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Denmark | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 25 | 50 | 25 |
| Finland | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Germany | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 33.33 | 66.67 | 0 |
| Greece | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 50 | 0 | 50 |
| Hungary | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 25 | 25 | 50 |
| Republic of Ireland | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Iceland | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 66.67 | 0 | 33.33 |
| Iran | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Italy | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 40 | 40 | 20 |
| Ivory Coast | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Malta | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Netherlands | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| North Macedonia | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 50 | 50 | 0 |
| Poland | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 50 | 50 | 0 |
| Romania | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| San Marino | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Scotland | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 50 | 50 | 0 |
| Senegal | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Serbia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Slovakia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Slovenia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
| Spain | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Switzerland | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 50 | 50 | 0 |
| Ukraine | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 66.67 | 33.33 | 0 |
| United States | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 |
| Wales | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| Totals | 67 | 42 | 15 | 10 | 142 | 42 | 62.69 | 22.39 | 14.93 |