# Wendingen

Wendingen (Dutch: Inversion or Upheaval, literally turns) was an architecture and art magazine that appeared from 1918 to 1932. It was a monthly publication aimed at architects and interior designers. The booklet was published by Amsterdam publisher Hooge Brug (1918–1923) and by the Santpoort publisher C.A. Mees (1924–1931). It was a mouthpiece for the architect association Architectura et Amicitia. (Architecture and Friendship). The chief editor was the architect Hendricus Theodorus Wijdeveld. Wendingen initially was an important platform for Dutch expressionism, also known as the Amsterdam School, and later endorsed the New Objectivity.
In spite of the link of Wendingen with an architect's association, the contents of the booklet were not limited to architecture but attention was also given to art and design. The magazine gained recognition not only through its content but also by its remarkable square format and the striking typography of architect Hendrik Wijdeveld, El Lissitzky, Vilmos Huszar and others.
In Modern architecture of the 1920s are three notable movements: Cubist, Expressionist and Constructivist architecture. The magazine Wendingen (first issue January 1918) was influential on international Expressionist architecture. The other Dutch magazine De Stijl (first issue October 1917) was influential on the International Style.

## Book cover illustrations 1918–1931

| Series 1 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1918 | 1 | Jan. 1918 | Architecture / Applied art | Mathieu Lauweriks | |
| 1918 | 2 | Feb. 1918 | Architecture / Sculpture | Michel de Klerk | |
| 1918 | 3 | Mar. 1918 | Architecture / Sculpture | Hildo Krop | |
| 1918 | 4 | Apr. 1918 | Architecture / Applied art | Cornelis Blaauw | |
| 1918 | 5 | May 1918 | Architecture | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1918 | 6 | Jun. 1918 | Architecture / Sculpture | H.A. van Anrooy | |
| 1918 | 7 | Jul. 1918 | Amsterdam School | E.J. Kuipers | |
| 1918 | 8 | Aug. 1918 | Park Meerwijk in Bergen | C.A. Lion Cachet | |
| 1918 | 9 | Sep. 1918 | Sculpture | Jan Sluijters | |
| 1918 | 10 | Oct. 1918 | Architecture | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1918 | 11-12 | Dec. 1918 | Jan Toorop | Willem van Konijnenburg | |
| Series 2 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1919 | 1 | Jan. 1919 | Eastern art | Karel de Bazel | |
| 1919 | 2 | Feb. 1919 | Our time & Michel de Klerk | Tom Poggenbeek | |
| 1919 | 3 | Mar. 1919 | Dancing | Jan Sluijters | |
| 1919 | 4 | May 1919 | Architecture | Pauline Bolken | |
| 1919 | 5 | May. 1919 | Art & advertisement | Jan Bertus Heukelom | |
| 1919 | 6 | Sep. 1919 | Interiors | Jan Luger | |
| 1919 | 7-8 | Nov. 1919 | Woodcuts | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1919 | 9-10 | Nov. 1919 | Theatre | Jan Toorop | |
| 1919 | 11 | Jan. 1920 | Architecture | Hildo Krop | |
| 1919 | 12 | Feb. 1920 | Architecture | Guillaume la Croix | |
| Series 3 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1920 | 1 | Mar. 1920 | Sculpture | Bernard Essers | |
| 1920 | 2 | Apr. 1920 | The works of Gustav Klimt | Tjerk Bottema | |
| 1920 | 3-4 | May 1920 | Public housing | Michel de Klerk | |
| 1920 | 5 | Jul. 1920 | Art from Hungary | Jozef Cantré | |
| 1920 | 6-7 | Sep. 1920 | Masks | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1920 | 8-9 | Nov. 1920 | Josef Hoffmann | Hendrik van den Eijnde | |
| 1920 | 10 | Jan. 1921 | The works of Erich Mendelsohn | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1920 | 11-12 | Feb. 1921 | Architecture of the Gemeentemuseum Den Haag by H.P. Berlage | Jacob Jongert | |
| Series 4 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1921 | 1-2 | May 1921 | The works of Willem van Konijnenburg | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1921 | 3 | Sep. 1921 | East Asian art from the Pertrucci Collection in Amsterdam | Michel de Klerk | |
| 1921 | 4-5 | Dec. 1921 | Works from members of Architectura et Amicitiae | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1921 | 6 | Feb. 1922 | Drawings and photographs of a house in Oostvoorne | Jaap Gidding | |
| 1921 | 7-8 | May 1922 | The marionet | C.A. Lion Cachet | |
| 1921 | 9-10 | Jul. 1922 | International exhibition on theatre 1922 Amsterdam | Frits Lensvelt | |
| 1921 | 11 | Oct. 1922 | Frank Lloyd Wright | El Lissitzky | |
| 1921 | 12 | Nov. 1922 | New building of the Academy of Arts in Amsterdam | Jan Duiker & Bernard Bijvoet | |
| 1922 | no series of this year | | | | |
| Series 5 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1923 | 1 | Jan. 1923 | Stained glass windows of R.N. Roland Holst | Jacob Jongert | |
| 1923 | 2 | Mar. 1923 | Advertisements by Dutch artists | Jan Sluijters | |
| 1923 | 3 | Apr. 1923 | Skyskrapers in Europe and America | Johan Polet | |
| 1923 | 4 | May 1923 | Houses in Amsterdam-Zuid | Albert Klijn | |
| 1923 | 5-6 | Jul. 1923 | Sculptures by Dutch artists | Joseph Mendes da Costa | |
| 1923 | 7 | Sep. 1923 | Public housing in Amsterdam | Anton Kurvers | |
| 1923 | 8-9 | Nov. 1923 | Seashells | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1923 | 10 | Feb. 1924 | Bookplates by Dutch artists | Bernard Essers | |
| 1923 | 11-12 | Mar. 1924 | Projects of the architects C.J. Blaauw, J. Crouwel en J.M. Luthmann | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| Series 6 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1924 | 1 | Apr. 1924 | Sculptures of 6 Dutch artists | Jan Havermans | |
| 1924 | 2 | May 1924 | Sketches and studies by Michel de Klerk | Louise Beijerman | |
| 1924 | 3 | Jul. 1924 | Works by Hermann Finsterlin | Hermann Finsterlin | |
| 1924 | 4-5 | Aug. 1924 | Architectural project by M. de Klerk | Margaret Staal-Kropholler | |
| 1924 | 6 | Sep. 1924 | Eileen Gray | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1924 | 7 | Oct. 1924 | Portraits by Michel de Klerk | Tine Baanders | |
| 1924 | 8 | Jan. 1925 | Hilversum Town Hall and other works by W.M. Dudok | Willem Dudok | |
| 1924 | 9-10 | Feb. 1925 | Buildings by M. de Klerk | Tine Baanders | |
| 1924 | 11-12 | Apr. 1925 | Crystals | Bernard Essers | |
| Series 7 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1925 | 1 | May 1925 | De Mesquita | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1925 | 2 | Jul. 1925 | Sculptures by Hildo Krop | Hildo Krop | |
| 1925 | 3 | Oct. 1925 | The life-work of the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 4 | Nov. 1925 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 5 | Jan. 1926 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 6 | Feb. 1926 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 7 | Mar. 1926 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 8 | Mar. 1926 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 9 | Apr. 1926 | Frank Lloyd Wright | Hendrik Wijdeveld | |
| 1925 | 10 | May 1926 | Furniture - M. de Klerk | Fokko Mees | |
| 1925 | 11-12 | Sep. 1926 | P. Kramer's Bijenkorf | Julius Luthmann | |
| 1926 | no series of this year | | | | |
| Series 8 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1927 | 1 | Jun. 1927 | Sculpture | Johan Polet | |
| 1927 | 2 | Jul. 1927 | Interiors | Otto B. de Kat | |
| 1927 | 3 | Sep. 1927 | Flemish theatre - Johan de Meester | Anton Kurvers | |
| 1927 | 4 | Oct. 1927 | Denmark | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1927 | 5 | Nov. 1927 | Sweden | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1927 | 6-7 | Jan. 1928 | Amsterdam West | Jan Snellebrand | |
| 1927 | 8 | Feb. 1928 | Sweden II | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1927 | 9-10 | Mar. 1928 | Austria | Christa Ehrlich | |
| 1927 | 11 | Apr. 1928 | Public housing in Amsterdam | P.L. Marnette | |
| 1927 | 12 | May 1928 | Graphic arts | Tine Baanders | |
| Series 9 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1928 | 1 | Jul. 1928 | Architect Willem Dudok | Hendrik Wouda | |
| 1928 | 2 | Aug. 1928 | Technology and art | W. H. Gispen | |
| 1928 | 3-4 | Sep. 1928 | Works by Jan Toorop in private collections | Richard Roland Holst | |
| 1928 | 5 | Oct. 1928 | Hindu sculptures from Java | Johan ten Klooster | |
| 1928 | 6-7 | Nov. 1928 | Sculpture | Nicolaas van de Vecht | |
| 1928 | 8 | Dec. 1928 | Cartoons by Albert Hahn | Albert Hahn jr. | |
| 1928 | 9 | Jan. 1929 | Works by Johan Thorn Prikker | Hildo Krop | |
| 1928 | 10 | Mar. 1929 | Graphic arts | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1928 | 11 | Apr. 1929 | Puppets and marionettes | Anton Kurvers | |
| 1928 | 12 | May 1929 | Russian icons | K. Katkof | |
| Series 10 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1929 | 1 | Jul. 1929 | Sculptures by Ossip Zadkine | Hildo Krop | |
| 1929 | 2 | Sep. 1929 | Glass works by Lebeau | Chris Lebeau | |
| 1929 | 3 | Oct. 1929 | Paintings by Diego Rivera | Vilmos Huszar | |
| 1929 | 4 | Dec. 1929 | St. Nicolas Church in IJsselstein | Joop Sjollema | |
| 1929 | 5-6 | Jan. 1930 | Architect J.F. Staal | Margaret Kropholler | |
| 1929 | 7 | Feb. 1930 | Paintings by Lyonel Feininger | Tine Baanders | |
| 1929 | 8 | Apr. 1930 | Architect J.L.M. Lauweriks | Mathieu Lauweriks | |
| 1929 | 9 | Jun. 1930 | Ancient Italian art | Jan Poortenaar | |
| 1929 | 10 | Jul. 1930 | Russian theatre | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1929 | 11-12 | Oct. 1930 | Architecture in Amsterdam Zuid | Henry Tino Zwiers | |
| Series 11 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1930 | 1 | Nov. 1930 | Rothenburg ob der Tauber | A.C. (=A.P.) Smits | |
| 1930 | 2 | Dec. 1930 | Factory of De Erven Wed. J. van Nelle in Rotterdam | Leendert van der Vlugt | |
| 1930 | 3 | Jan. 1931 | Dutch pavilion in Antwerp 1930 | Willem Jacob Rozendaal | |
| 1930 | 4 | Mar. 1931 | Bourdelle | Jouke Zietsma | |
| 1930 | 5 | Apr. 1931 | Aerial photography of the Netherlands | Arthur Staal | |
| 1930 | 6-7 | Jun. 1931 | Glass paintings and heads by Richard Roland Holst | Joop Sjollema | |
| 1930 | 8 | Jul. 1931 | De Bijenkorf in Rotterdam, by Willem Dudok | Arthur Staal | |
| 1930 | 9 | Aug. 1931 | Infographics | Peter Alma | |
| 1930 | 10 | Oct. 1931 | Glass factory "Leerdam" | Andries Copier | |
| 1930 | 11-12 | Nov. 1931 | Hilversum Town Hall | Willem Dudok | |
| Series 12 | No | Publ. date | Theme | Cover design | Cover |
| 1931 | 1 | Jan. 1932 | Sculptures by Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita | |
| 1931 | 2 | Feb. 1932 | Dutch poster art | S.L. Schwarz | |
| 1931 | 3 | Mar. 1932 | Joep Nicolas - glass artist | Joep Nicolas | |
| 1931 | 4 | Apr. 1932 | Country houses | Henry Zwiers | |
| 1931 | 5 | May 1932 | Sculptures by Hildo Krop | Hildo Krop | |
| 1931 | 6 | Jul. 1932 | Paintings by Pyke Koch, Kor Postma and Carel Willink | Arthur Staal | |
| 1931 | 7-8 | Sep. 1932 | Schools | Henry Zwiers | |
| 1931 | 9 | Oct. 1932 | Statues | Theo van Reijn | |
| 1931 | 10 | Dec. 1932 | Fahrenkamp | Otto B. de Kat | |
| 1931 | 11-12 | Feb. 1933 | Churches | Jouke Zietsma | |