OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Murtaza Nizam Shah II

Murtaza Nizam Shah II (c. 1580–1610) was the Sultan of Ahmadnagar from 1600 to 1610. His rule was dominated by the powerful regent Malik Ambar, under whom he was an effective puppet ruler.

## Life

Born c. 1580, he was originally given the name Ali at birth. His father Shah Ali was a younger son of Burhan Nizam Shah I (r.1509–1553) by Bibi Mariam, a daughter of Yusuf Adil Shah, the Sultan of Bijapur.
Following the fall of Chand Bibi in 1600, the former sultan, Bahadur Nizam Shah, was captured and imprisoned by the Mughal prince Daniyal. The military commander Malik Ambar chose to use this power vacuum to strengthen his own position. Aware of his limited resources at that time, he sought out a member of the ruling family to use as a unifying symbol among the populace. Though all the royal children had been taken captive by the Mughals, Malik Ambar discovered the twenty-year-old Ali residing in Paranda. Though Ali's father Shah Ali was still alive at that point, at eighty years old he was viewed as a less preferable potential monarch in comparison to his son.
Malik Ambar approached Ibrahim Adil Shah II, with whom the younger prince had taken refuge in Bijapur, to ask for permission for Ali to accept the crown. However, Shah Ali was hesitant to give his own approval to the proposal, mistrustful of the commander's promises of safety for his son. To inspire confidence in the old prince, Malik Ambar offered to give own his daughter in marriage to Ali. Shah Ali agreed and the young prince married the daughter in an elaborate ceremony, before being raised to the throne with the name Murtaza Nizam Shah II.
Malik Ambar, under his new official position as prime minister and regent, made Paranda the new capital and did much to restore stability to the kingdom. However, over the years the sultan began to chafe under the regency. When a truce was established between Ahmadnagar and the Mughals, Murtaza became offended by the development. He endorsed a rival of Malik Ambar, Raju Daccani, which resulted in a lengthy war between the two nobles.
Murtaza continued to intrigue and form factions against Malik Ambar, instigating a number of rebellions against him. Ambar grew frustrated with the Sultan's duplicity and sought the advice of Ibrahim Adil Shah II, who disapproved of having Murtaza deposed. Ibrahim intervened on behalf of the Sultan and restored relations between the two for a time. However, in 1610 another, more serious quarrel occurred when Murtaza's Persian wife from an earlier marriage became embroiled in a verbal altercation with Malik Ambar's daughter. The former referred to her co-wife as a slave-girl to the Sultan, and the regent himself as a rebel. Ambar's daughter complained to her father, who in anger had both Murtaza and the wife poisoned by his secretary.
Murtaza's five-year-old son, who was either his child by the Persian wife or by Malik Ambar's daughter, was subsequently enthroned under the name Burhan Nizam Shah III.
# Azarsi-ye Hoseyn Khanzadeh

Azarsi-ye Hoseyn Khanzadeh (Persian: ازارسي حسين خان زاده, also Romanized as Āzārsī-ye Ḩoseyn Khānzādeh) is a village that is located in the Deraz Kola Rural District of Babol Kenar District, in Babol County, in the Mazandaran Province of Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 4 families.
# Mica Bay Incident

The Mica Bay Incident (also known as the Michipicoten War or the Mica Bay Uprising) was a land and resources dispute in along the shore of Lake Superior in November 1849. It is partially responsible for the signing of the 1850 Robinson-Huron Treaty.

## Background

The political tensions leading up to the incident reflect ongoing Indigenous concerns around land rights, mineral extraction, and corporate/crown encroachment on traditional territories.

## Incident

In 1849 a group of First Nations and Métis people were displeased with ongoing mineral extraction by local mining companies. This mining was occurring outside of a negotiated treaty and contrary to the 1763 Royal Proclamation's statements on Indigenous land and resource rights. In November 1849 a group traveled from Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario to Mica Bay on the shore of Lake Superior. Upon arrival at Mica Bay the group attacked copper mining sites established by the Quebec Mining Company, with the goal of forcing the Company off the land. Over 100 soldiers were sent to put down the incident and in December a number of the leaders were arrested and detained in Toronto.
Leaders of the incident included Chief Shingawukonse (Garden River), Chief Nebenaigoching (Batchewana), Chief Oshawana (Walpole Island), Allan Macdonell, Metcalfe, and others.

## Aftermath

The Mica Bay incident is known as the tipping point which forced the government to negotiate treaty agreements with Indigenous communities in the Lake Huron and Lake Superior region. The Mica Bay Incident occurred shortly before the signing of the Robinson Treaties.
# Hürbe

Hürbe is a 7 km long river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Brenz near Hermaringen.
# John Rickard

John Rickard may refer to:
* John Rickard (civil servant), British civil servant and economic advisor
* John Rickard (economist), Australian economist
* John Rickard (historian), Australian historian
* John T. Rickard, mayor of Santa Barbara, California
# John T. Morrison

John Tracy Morrison (December 25, 1860 – December 20, 1915) was the sixth governor of Idaho from 1903 until 1905.

## Biography

Morrison was born in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania. He was married to Grace Darling Mackey in 1886. He graduated from Wooster University in 1887. He graduated from Cornell Law School in 1890 and moved to Caldwell, where he became a successful attorney and an active member of the local Presbyterian Church. He served as commissioner to the national assembly of his church five times.

## Career

In 1891, Morrison was influential in founding the College of Idaho and served as an original faculty member, teaching English and history. In 1893 he became a member of the school's board of trustees. He served on the board of trustees until 1904.
An unsuccessful candidate for state legislature in 1896, Morrison was Chairman of the Republican State Central Committee from 1897 to 1900.
Idaho Republicans nominated Morrison as their gubernatorial candidate in 1902. He was elected by defeating the Democratic incumbent, Frank W. Hunt. During his term in office, state examinations of weights and measures were initiated, a pure food law was enacted, and a reform school at St. Anthony was founded.
Morrison sought reelection in 1904, but Republicans declined to nominate him for a second term, instead supporting Frank R. Gooding. Upon leaving office on January 2, 1905, he returned Caldwell, and resumed his law practice.

## Death

Morrison died December 20, 1915, and is interred at the Morris Hill Cemetery, Boise, Ada County, Idaho US.
# Leonardo Suárez

Leonardo "Leo" Gabriel Suárez (Spanish pronunciation:; born on 30 March 1996) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a winger for Liga MX team Club Universidad Nacional.

## Club career
### Boca Juniors

Born in General San Martín Partido, Suárez joined Boca Juniors' youth setup in 2002, aged six, after starting it out at lowly Villa Esperanza. He made his first team debut on 9 November 2014, coming on as a second half substitute for Federico Carrizo in a 2–0 home win against Club Atlético Tigre for the Primera División championship.

### Villarreal

On 10 December 2014 Suárez moved to Villarreal CF, after agreeing to a 5+1⁄2-year deal for a €2million fee. He was assigned to the reserves in Segunda División B.
Suárez made his La Liga debut on 17 December 2016 as an 88th-minute substitute for Alexandre Pato in a 3–1 victory over Sporting de Gijón.

#### Valladolid (loan)

On 19 August 2018, Suárez was loaned to fellow top division side Real Valladolid, for one year. He recently scored the winner in a 1–0 victory over his parent club in La Liga.

#### Mallorca (loan)

In January 2019, Suárez was loaned to RCD Mallorca until the end of the season.

### Club America

On 12 January 2020 Suárez signed for Liga MX side Club America ending his five-year spell in Europe.

## International career

A regular name in Argentina's youth squads, Suárez was called up by under-20s for the 2015 South American Youth Football Championship, held in Uruguay. He made his debut in the competition on 18 January, coming on as a second-half substitute for Ángel Correa in a 6–2 routing over Peru; he also scored the fifth and assisted Giovanni Simeone in the sixth.
Four days later, Suárez started in a 3–0 win against Bolivia, and provided the assist in all of the three goals. He finished the tournament with three appearances and four assists, as his side were crowned champions.

## Honours

América
* Liga MX: Apertura 2023
Argentina U20
* South American Youth Football Championship: 2015
Argentina U17
* South American U-17 Championship: 2013
# Meadow Lake Tribal Council

The Meadow Lake Tribal Council (MLTC) is a tribal council representing nine First Nation band governments in the province of Saskatchewan. The council is based in Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan.

## Services

MLTC provides and coordinates health care, education, and social services. It also provides some policing services for member nations. It owns a series of companies which are intended to provide employment for members and economic opportunities for the communities it serves. The First Nation members are scattered around northern Saskatchewan.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, MLTC received a $387,000 grant from the Public Health Agency of Canada's Immunization Partnership Fund to increase rates of COVID-19 vaccination and decrease vaccine hesitancy among Meadow Lake First Nation communities.

## Staff

Executive Management :
| # | Position | Name |
| 1 | Tribal Chief | Richard Ben |
| 2 | Cree Vice Chief | Richard Derocher |
| 3 | Dene Vice Chief | Lawrence McIntyre |
| 3 | Senior Director of Finance & Corporate Services | Isabelle Opikokew |
| 4 | Chief Executive Officer | Gordon Iron |
| 6 | Senior Director of Programs | Christine Durocher |
| 7 | Senior Director of Education | Patricia St.Denis |
| 8 | Senior Director of Health and Social Development | Marcia Mirasty |
| 9 | Senior Director of Child & Family Services | Onyeka Arinze |
| 10 | Office Manager | Diana Tracz |
| 11 | Administrative Assistant | Kali Daniels |
| 12 | Receptionist | Charity Morin |

## Members

* Birch Narrows First Nation see Turnor Lake, Saskatchewan
* Buffalo River Dene Nation see Dillon, Saskatchewan
* Canoe Lake Cree Nation see Canoe Narrows, Saskatchewan
* Clearwater River Dene Nation
* English River Dene Nation see Patuanak, Saskatchewan
* Flying Dust First Nation
* Island Lake First Nation
* Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation
* Waterhen Lake First Nation
# Ethel Evans

Ethel Wisner Evans (1866–April 22, 1929) was an American impressionist painter who in the nineteenth century supervised art instruction for the Omaha Public Schools, wrote art criticism for the Omaha Bee, and exhibited in Paris.

## Personal life

Evans was born in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, to banker William D. Evans. She grew up in Malvern, Iowa, to whose public library her sister Edith in 1930 donated her painting Florida Pines. She stayed in the Midwest until traveling to Paris in 1895, where she both studied and exhibited art. In 1910 she had a near-death experience when a gas explosion occurred underneath the New York streetcar she was riding in, and she lost an eye. From 1917 to 1928, she travelled to locations including Cuba, Florida, and Puerto Rico. She died in 1929 in New York City, and was buried in Malvern, leaving an estate of over $5000. Attending the funeral was Fannie Green, Evans's life-long friend, who she lived with in New York City, and who donated Evans's painting La Lecon to the Joslyn Art Museum in Omaha in 1935.

## Career

Evans graduated from Western College, Oxford, Ohio, and later attended the Art Students League of New York and at the Philadelphia School of Design for Women, later named Moore College of Art. In 1891, Evans exhibited with one of Omaha's earliest art organizations, the Western Art Association. She also exhibited for the Art Club in Lincoln, Nebraska, at the same time, and later was Treasurer of Omaha's Art Workers Society. From 1892 to 1895, Ethel was the Omaha Public Schools Supervisor of Drawing, and in 1898-1903, became their Teacher of Mechanical Drawing. She also taught drawing at Bryant High School in New York City. She wrote for the Omaha Daily Bee multiple reviews of the art at the Trans-Mississippi International Exposition, and designed the 1895 May Day column logo for the Bee, which had been turned over to women editors for the holiday.
Evans was in Paris for instruction from 1895 to 1898, where she lived at 11 rue Bara. She studied at the Merson Academy, and her teachers included Charles Guerin, Raphael Collin and Augustus Koopman [fr]. While in Paris, she exhibited a portrait of Miss Kirchner of Detroit at the Paris Salon of 1897. She returned to Paris in 1911 and exhibited in the February 1914 American Woman's Art Association show at rue de Chevreuse, before leaving due to World War I. In 1920, she returned to Europe. Her memberships included the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors and the Pen and Brush Club of New York.
# Vanke

Vanke (simplified Chinese: 万科; traditional Chinese: 萬科; pinyin: Wànkē; Jyutping: maan6 fo1) is a large residential real estate developer in China. It is engaged in developing, managing and selling properties across more than 60 mainland Chinese cities in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Bohai-Rim Region, with the provision of investment, trading, consultancy services and e-business. It also has expanded into Hong Kong, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Malaysia since 2012. Its largest shareholder is Shenzhen Metro.
It is headquartered in Vanke Center (万科中心) in Dameisha, Yantian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong province.

## History

Vanke was listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 1991, the second listed company in the Shenzhen Stock Exchange after Shenzhen Development Bank. It had the largest market capitalisation in 2006 on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
As of 2020, Vanke was ranked 208th in the Fortune Global 500. Fortune reported the company having US$53.253 billion in revenue, US$248.360 billion worth of assets, and 131,505 employees that year.
Vanke was also ranked 96th in the Forbes Global 2000 in 2020.
As of 21 February 2019 its market cap was US$44 billion.

### Financial struggle

In March 2024, Moody's Ratings downgraded Vanke's credit rating score to Ba1, citing "substantial credit risk" in the company.
Since the beginning of 2025, the company has been dealing with a huge amount of debt due amid a struggling property market. It has around 4.9 billion USD in bonds maturing in 2025, half of its public debt.

#### Chinese government intervention

China state media the Economic Observer reported that Vanke's CEO Zhu Jiusheng was detained by public security authorities on January 15, 2025.
Officials in Shenzhen held a closed meeting on January 17, 2025 to discuss Vanke, which is based in the city. The local government has significant control over Vanke due to its largest shareholder being a state firm. The Shenzhen government intended to stabilize Vanke's operations. They planned to introduce new auditors and financial advisers to evaluate Vanke’s finances and property projects for future actions.
# Edward Tolstoi

Edward Tolstoi (1897–1983) was a physician who specialized in treating patients with diabetes. He was well known for authoring several books on diabetes care that espoused the free diet approach.

## Early life

Tolstoi was born in Russia and immigrated to the US when he was two years old. He was a 1919 graduate of Yale University. He went on to earn a medical degree from Cornell Medical College in 1923. He was later affiliated with Cornell Medical College and New York Hospital.

## Career

From the 1930s through the 1970s a controversy raged among diabetes caregivers. The free diet approach to diabetes care downplayed the importance of controlling blood glucose levels and emphasized preserving the lifestyle of the patient. The alternative, tight control, emphasized the importance of maintaining blood glucose levels within the normal range. Edward Tolstoi and Elliott P. Joslin were the two main authorities representing the two viewpoints. The two held a memorable in person debate in 1951 at the New York Academy of Medicine. The controversy was ultimately decided in favor of tight control when the results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial were published in 1993.

## Personal life

Tolstoi was married to Cecile Voice and had a daughter, Anne Tolstoi Wallach.
He died in Manhattan on May 22, 1983.
# Container on barge

Container on barge is a form of intermodal freight transport where containers are stacked on a barge and towed to a destination .

## In the United States

There is limited use of this mode of transport because a lack of infrastructure on the upriver side in the United States. Historically, container on barge service could not compete with rail service because of the at times significantly longer transit time limiting its ability to transport time sensitive cargoes.
With the development of the Louisiana International Terminal at the mouth of the Mississippi River, container on barge traffic could become mainstream, especially on the nation's inland waterways.

### Missouri River

The Missouri River has no lock and dams on it and from Omaha, Nebraska to St. Louis and there is only one lock and dam above St. Louis to lock through, the Chain of Rocks Lock, to get to the lower Mississippi.

### Ohio River

The Ohio River has 21 locks all the way up to Pittsburgh and locking through takes about 30–45 minutes with a full 3x5, 15 unit barge.

### Upper Mississippi

The Upper Mississippi has 25+ locks and dams from St. Louis to Minneapolis that are 600-foot locks and only allow 6 to 8 barge units per tow without having to double lock through gates (double locking takes 2 hours+).

### Lower Mississippi

The Lower Mississippi from St. Louis to the Port of New Orleans has no locks or dams and allows barges up to 7x6 or 42 barge units per tow. Oceangoing ships with drafts of 45 feet and height clearances over 150 feet can navigate the waters up to Baton Rouge.

### Plans for Future Developments

The Mediterranean Shipping Company along with the State of Louisiana and other investors are going to invest $1.8 billion to build a container terminal at St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, to open by 2028, it is going to be called the Louisiana International Terminal or ‘LIT’.
# Hương River

The Hương River (Sông Hương or Hương Giang; lit. 'Perfume River') is a river that crosses the city of Huế, in the central Vietnam. In the autumn, flowers from orchards upriver from Huế fall into the water, giving the river a perfume-like aroma, hence the sobriquet.

## Source and flow

The Hương River has two sources; both begin in the Dãy Trường Sơn mountain range and meet at Bằng Lãng Fork. The Tả Trạch (left tributary) originates in the Trường Đồng mountains and flows northwest towards the fork. The river then flows along south–north direction past the temples of Hòn Chén and Ngọc Trản, then flows north-west, meandering through the Nguyệt Biều and Luong Quan plains. Continuing on, the Sông Hương (Hương River) flows to the northeast to Huế and passes the resting place of the Nguyễn emperors. The river continues, passing Hen islet and various villages, crossing the Sinh junction (capital of ancient Châu Hóa) before emptying into the Tam Giang lagoon.
From Bằng Lãng to the Thuan An estuary, the river is 30 km long and runs very slowly (as the river level is not much above sea level). The river darkens as it winds along the foot of Ngọc Trản mountain, where there is a deep abyss. Hương River basin has the highest rainfall in Vietnam.

## Surrounding area

The 105 m Mount Ngự Bình is strikingly symmetrical. On both sides of the Bang Son (Even Mount) are two small mounts, Ta Bat Son (left mount) and Huu Bat Son (right mount). After observing that Bang Son resembled a screen, the Nguyễn dynasty decided to build up Huế, which became known as their "Forbidden Purple City". Emperor Gia Long approved the design of geomancers, which chose this mount as a front altar of the imposing and solid defending wall system, and renamed it Ngự Bình.
# William Ryan

William Ryan may refer to:
* Will Ryan (William F. Ryan, 1949–2021), American voice actor and singer
* Will Ryan (basketball) (born 1978), American basketball coach
* William A. Ryan (1919–2001), politician from Michigan
* William B. Ryan (1908-1975), American politician, lawyer, and judge
* William D. Ryan (1861–1949), American labor unionist
* William F. Ryan (1907–1954), American checkers player
* William Fitts Ryan (1922–1972), congressman from New York
* William H. Ryan (1860–1939), U.S. Representative from New York and Abbeyland
* William H. Ryan Jr., former Delaware County District Attorney and acting Pennsylvania Attorney General
* William Patrick Ryan (1867–1942), Irish author and journalist
* William Ryan (53rd Congress) (1840–1925), U.S. Representative from New York
* William Ryan (Canadian politician) (1887–1938), Canadian Member of Parliament
* William Ryan (footballer), English professional goalkeeper
* William Ryan (Irish politician) (1921–1994), Irish Fianna Fáil politician, senator 1961–1989
* William Ryan (psychologist) (c. 1924–2002), author of the 1971 book Blaming the Victim
* William Ryan (sailor) (born 1988), Australian sailor
# Kartalkaya (disambiguation)

Kartalkaya is a ski resort in Seben District, Bolu Province, north-central Turkey.
Kartalkaya may also refer to:
* Kartalkaya Dam, dam in Pazarcık District, Kahramanmaraş Province, south-central Turkey
* Kartalkaya, Dargeçit, neighbourhood in Dargeçit municipality, Dargeçit District, Mardin Province, south-east Turkey
* Kartalkaya, Kırşehir, village in Kırşehir District, Kırşehir Province, central Turkey
* Kartalkaya, Gemerek, village in Gemerek District, Sivas Province, east-central Turkey
# Cajuru

Cajuru is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 26,393 (2020 est.) in an area of 660 km$^2$. The elevation is 775 m.