# Demographics of Nunavut

Nunavut is a territory of Canada. It has a land area of 1,877,787.62 km$^2$ (725,017.85 sq mi). It has a population of 36,858 in the 2021 Census. In the 2016 census the population was 35,944, up 12.7% from the 2011 census figure of 31,906. In 2016, 30,135 people identified themselves as Inuit (83.8% of the total population), 190 as North American Indian (0.5%), 165 Métis (0.5%) and 5,025 as non-aboriginal (14.0%).
Nunavut's small and sparse population makes it unlikely the territory will be granted provincial status in the foreseeable future.

## Age structure

The median age in Nunavut is 25.1 years, according to the 2016 census. This is significantly younger than the median age of Canada (41.2 years). Those aged 65 years and over account for 3.8% of the population.

## Population geography
### Communities with more than 1,000 people

| Municipality | 2011 | % change | 2006 | % change | 2001 | % change |
| Iqaluit | 6,699 | 8.3 | 6,184 | 18.1 | 5,236 | 24.1 |
| Arviat | 2,318 | 12.5 | 2,060 | 8.5 | 1,899 | 21.8 |
| Rankin Inlet | 2,266 | -3.9 | 2,358 | 8.3 | 2,177 | 5.8 |
| Baker Lake | 1,872 | 8.3 | 1,728 | 14.7 | 1,507 | 8.8 |
| Cambridge Bay | 1,608 | 8.9 | 1,477 | 12.8 | 1,309 | -3.1 |
| Pond Inlet | 1,549 | 17.8 | 1,315 | 7.8 | 1,220 | 5.7 |
| Igloolik | 1,454 | -5.5 | 1,538 | 19.6 | 1,286 | 5.5 |
| Kugluktuk | 1,450 | 11.4 | 1,320 | 7.4 | 1,212 | 0.9 |
| Pangnirtung | 1,425 | 7.5 | 1,325 | 3.8 | 1,276 | 2.7 |
| Cape Dorset | 1,363 | 10.3 | 1,236 | 7.7 | 1,148 | 2.7 |
| Gjoa Haven | 1,279 | 20.2 | 1,064 | 10.8 | 960 | 9.2 |

## Visible minorities and Indigenous peoples

Visible minority and Indigenous population (Canada 2021 Census) :
| Population group | Population group | Population | % |
| European | European | 3,890 | 10.6% |
| Visible minority group | South Asian | 175 | 0.5% |
| Visible minority group | Chinese | 65 | 0.2% |
| Visible minority group | Black | 565 | 1.5% |
| Visible minority group | Filipino | 315 | 0.9% |
| Visible minority group | Arab | 35 | 0.1% |
| Visible minority group | Latin American | 60 | 0.2% |
| Visible minority group | Southeast Asian | 15 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | West Asian | 10 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Korean | 10 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Japanese | 10 | 0.0% |
| Visible minority group | Visible minority, n.i.e. | 20 | 0.1% |
| Visible minority group | Multiple visible minorities | 50 | 0.1% |
| Total visible minority population | Total visible minority population | 1,325 | 3.6% |
| Indigenous group | First Nations (North American Indian) | 180 | 0.5% |
| Indigenous group | Métis | 120 | 0.3% |
| Indigenous group | Inuk (Inuit) | 30,865 | 84.3% |
| Indigenous group | Multiple Indigenous responses | 200 | 0.5% |
| Indigenous group | Indigenous responses n.i.e. | 30 | 0.1% |
| Total Indigenous population | Total Indigenous population | 31,390 | 85.8% |
| Total population | Total population | 36,605 | 100.0% |

## Language

The 2016 Canadian census showed a population of 35,944. In terms of 'mother tongue', 34,960 people were reported as learned a single language first. The languages most commonly reported were:
| 1. | Inuktitut | 22,070 | 63.1% |
| 2. | English | 11,020 | 31.5% |
| 3. | French | 595 | 1.7% |
| 4. | Inuinnaqtun | 495 | 1.4% |
| 5. | Indo-European languages | 270 | 0.8% |
| 6. | Tagalog | 135 | 0.4% |
| | Other languages | 375 | 1.1% |
There were also 735 responses of both English and a 'non-official language' (mainly Inuktitut); 10 of both French and a 'non-official language; 25 of both English and French; and about 140 people who either did not respond to the question, or reported multiple non-official languages, or else gave some other unenumerated response. Only English and French were counted as official languages in the census. Figures shown are for the number of single language responses and the percentage of total single-language responses.

## Religion

The dominant religion in Nunavut is Christianity; Catholicism, Anglicanism and Pentecostalism are highly prevalent.
Religious beliefs in the 2011 census :
| Religion | Adherents | % of the population |
| Christianity | 27,255 | 85.99% |
| Irreligious | 4,100 | 12.94% |
| Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality | 135 | 0.43% |
| Islam | 50 | 0.16% |
| Hinduism | 30 | 0.09% |
| Buddhism | 20 | 0.06% |
| Judaism | 10 | 0.03% |
| Sikhism | 10 | 0.03% |
| Other religions | 85 | 0.27% |
| Total | 31,695 | 100% |

## Migration
### Immigration

The 2016 census counted a total of only about 920 immigrants in Nunavut, including about 185 from the Philippines, 80 from the United Kingdom, 60 from the United States, 35 from Zimbabwe and 30 each from India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 1,165 persons or 3.2 percent of the total population of Nunavut.
Immigrants in Nunavut by country of birth :
| Country of birth | 2021 | 2021 | 2016 | 2016 | 2011 | 2011 | 2006 | 2006 | 2001 | 2001 |
| Country of birth | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Philippines | 260 | 22.3% | 185 | 20.1% | 100 | 16.3% | 40 | 8.9% | 25 | 5.6% |
| United States | 65 | 5.6% | 60 | 6.5% | 65 | 10.6% | 40 | 8.9% | 55 | 12.4% |
| Nigeria | 65 | 5.6% | 30 | 3.3% | 15 | 2.4% | 10 | 2.2% | 10 | 2.2% |
| Zimbabwe | 60 | 5.2% | 35 | 3.8% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Cameroon | 60 | 5.2% | 20 | 2.2% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| India | 60 | 5.2% | 30 | 3.3% | 35 | 5.7% | 20 | 4.4% | 10 | 2.2% |
| United Kingdom | 55 | 4.7% | 80 | 8.7% | 100 | 16.3% | 90 | 20% | 125 | 28.1% |
| Jamaica | 45 | 3.9% | 25 | 2.7% | 10 | 1.6% | 10 | 2.2% | 10 | 2.2% |
| Pakistan | 30 | 2.6% | 30 | 3.3% | 10 | 1.6% | 10 | 2.2% | 10 | 2.2% |
| China | 25 | 2.1% | 20 | 2.2% | 25 | 4.1% | 20 | 4.4% | 10 | 2.2% |
| Total immigrants | 1,165 | 3.2% | 920 | 2.6% | 615 | 1.9% | 450 | 1.5% | 445 | 1.7% |
| Total responses | 36,600 | 99.3% | 35,580 | 99% | 31,700 | 99.4% | 29,325 | 99.5% | 26,665 | 99.7% |
| Total population | 36,858 | 100% | 35,944 | 100% | 31,906 | 100% | 29,474 | 100% | 26,745 | 100% |

### Recent immigration

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 250 people who immigrated to Nunavut between 2016 and 2021.
Recent immigrants to Nunavut by country of birth (2016 to 2021) :
| Country of birth | Population | % recent immigrants |
| Philippines | 50 | 20% |
| Nigeria | 20 | 8% |
| India | 20 | 8% |
| United States | 15 | 6% |
| Jamaica | 15 | 6% |
| Zimbabwe | 10 | 4% |
| Cameroon | 10 | 4% |
| United Kingdom | 10 | 4% |
| Pakistan | 10 | 4% |
| China | 10 | 4% |
| Ethiopia | 10 | 4% |
| France | 10 | 4% |
| Ghana | 10 | 4% |
| Mexico | 10 | 4% |
| Brazil | 10 | 4% |
| Ukraine | 10 | 4% |
| Libya | 10 | 4% |
| Morocco | 10 | 4% |
| Total | 250 | 100% |

### Internal migration

While there is some internal migration from the rest of Canada to Nunavut (usually on a temporary basis), there is very little external migration from outside of Canada to Nunavut.
A total of 4,940 people moved to Nunavut from other parts of Canada between 1996 and 2006 while 5,615 people moved in the opposite direction. These movements resulted in a net influx of 355 from Newfoundland and Labrador; and a net outmigration of 355 to Alberta, 295 to the Northwest Territories, 235 to Ontario and 160 to Quebec. There was a net outmigration of 150 francophones from Nunavut to Quebec during this period. (All net inter-provincial and official minority movements of more than 100 persons are given).