OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Asahikawa Airport

Asahikawa Airport (旭川空港, Asahikawa Kūkō) (IATA: AKJ, ICAO: RJEC), is a single-runway regional airport in Hokkaidō, Japan, straddling the cities of Asahikawa and Higashikagura.

## History

Planning of the airport began in the late 1950s. The site was chosen in November 1960 and received government approval in 1963. Japan Domestic Airlines began the first scheduled flight to Asahikawa on July 1, 1966, a NAMC YS-11 service to Haneda Airport via Okadama Airport. Scheduled service was seasonal (May through October) until 1970, when year-round flights to Tokyo began.
The airport was closed for expansion work from May 1981 until February 1982, during which time the main runway was extended and widened, from 1,200 x 30 m to 1,640 m x 45 m. A further extension to 2,000 m was completed in November 1982. Following these expansions, jet service began at the airport, beginning with DC-9 and the MD-80 aircraft followed by widebody Airbus A300s beginning in December 1983.
ANA operated the first international charter flight from Asahikawa in 1987. Another runway extension, to 2,500 m, was completed in 1997, and the parallel taxiway opened in 1998.
Hokkaido Air System operated intra-island flights from Asahikawa to Hakodate (1998 to 2013) and Kushiro (1998 to 2008).
Scheduled international service to Seoul began in 2006, using new international facilities in the airport terminal. Asiana Airlines operated this route intermittently until 2011, when international service at Asahikawa was suspended in the wake of the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Thereafter, TransAsia Airways served Taipei from 2012 to 2016, and EVA Air served the same route from 2013 to 2015. China Eastern Airlines began service to Beijing and Shanghai in 2014, but ended the Beijing route in 2016 and the Shanghai route in 2017. Tigerair Taiwan served the Taipei route from 2018 to 2020, and Korean Air served Seoul in the summer of 2019 with five flights per week.
In 2016, plans were finalized to build a new 5,700 m$^2$ international terminal to the south of the existing terminal, with a target of 500,000 international passengers per year by 2030. The new terminal opened in November 2018. An international lounge opened in January 2019.
The operating rights to Asahikawa Airport, along with six other airports in Hokkaido, were acquired by Hokkaido Airports Co., Ltd. in January 2020. Later that year, the COVID-19 pandemic ended all international service at the airport and cut domestic traffic by 82%, as of September 2020.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Do | Tokyo–Haneda |
| All Nippon Airways | Seasonal: Nagoya–Centrair |
| Asiana Airlines | Seoul–Incheon |
| Japan Airlines | Tokyo–Haneda Seasonal: Osaka–Itami |
| Jetstar Japan | Tokyo–Narita |
| Juneyao Air | Shanghai–Pudong |
| Tigerair Taiwan | Taipei–Taoyuan |

## Access

Asahikawa Airport is accessible by bus from Asahikawa Station, Asahiyama Zoo, and Furano Station. From Asahikawa Station it is about 15 km (35 minutes by bus) while from Furano Station it is about 40 km (1 hour by bus).
# Granulobasidium

Granulobasidium is a genus of fungi in the family Cyphellaceae.
# Chikabumi Station

Chikabumi Station (近文駅, Chikabumi-eki) is a railway station in Asahikawa, Hokkaidō, Japan.

## Lines

* Hokkaido Railway Company
** Hakodate Main Line Station A27

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Hakodate Main Line |||||
| Limited Express Sōya: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express Okhotsk: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Osamunai | Local | Asahikawa |
* This Hokkaido rail station-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Shin-Asahikawa Station

Shin-Asahikawa Station (新旭川駅, Shin-Asahikawa eki) is a railway station located in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan, operated by the Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido).

## Lines

Shin-Asahikawa Station is served by the Soya Main Line and is also the official starting point of the Sekihoku Main Line, although all local trains originate and terminate at Asahikawa Station.

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Soya Main Line |||||
| Rapid Nayoro: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express Sōya: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express Sarobetsu: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Asahikawa-Yojō | Local | Nagayama |
| Sekihoku Main Line |||||
| Asahikawa-Yojo | Local | Minami-Nagayama |
| Asahikawa-Yojō | Limited Rapid Kitami (Kitami-bound only) | Minami-Nagayama |
| Limited Express Okhotsk: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express Taisetsu: Does not stop at this station |||||

## History

The station opened on 4 November 1922. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Hokkaido.
# Mallar (poet)

Mallar (c. 11 to 13th century CE) was a Tamil poet, scholar, and commentator known for his commentary on the Thirukkural. He was among the canon of Ten Medieval Commentators of the Kural text most highly esteemed by modern scholars. His work, however, has been lost along with other four ancient commentators, namely, Dhamatthar, Nacchar, Thirumalaiyar, and Dharumar.
Similar to the commentaries by Parithiyar, Pariperumal, and Kaalingar, Mallar's commentary is believed to have been originated in the Kongu Region.
# Château Beauregard

Château Beauregard is a Bordeaux wine estate from the appellation Pomerol. The winery is located on the Right Bank of the Bordeaux wine region, in the commune of Pomerol in the department Gironde. As all wine produced in this appellation, Château Beauregard is unclassified but the estate is estimated among the great growths of the region.
Placed on the eastern outskirts of Pomerol and the hamlet Catusseau near Saint-Émilion, the estate lies in a cluster with Château Petit-Village, Vieux Château Certan and Château La Conseillante.
The estate also produces a second wine, Le Benjamin de Beauregard.

## History

Château Beauregard is a historic estate, established in the 11th century by the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem, while in terms of the initial viticulture, Beauregard was exemplified by Professor Henri Enjalbert as a prime Pomerol château from the first generation of the viticultural revolution. In the 18th century its owners were the Chaussade de Chandos family, who had a friendly rivalry with the Kanon family of Saint-Émilion's Château Canon.
In 1793 the property, then with 6.3 hectares (16 acres) under vine, was sold to Bonaventure Berthomeiu, a wealthy figure of Saint-Émilion. The present château was constructed in 1795–97; with its two towers and a moat, it is an unusually glamorous structure for the Pomerol district. After becoming one of the region's leading crus in the 19th century, the estate was bought by the Clauzel family in 1920.
Since 1991 Beauregard is owned by Crédit Foncière, while the estate is managed by Vincent Priou. Several recent vintages have been made with the consultation of the oenologist Michel Rolland.

## Production

The vineyard area extends 17.5 hectares (43 acres), with a grape variety distribution of 70% Merlot and 30% Cabernet Franc.
Of the Grand vin Château Beauregard there is annually produced 50,000 to 65,000 bottles, and of the second wine Le Benjamin de Beauregard (formerly Domaine des Douves) there is typically produced 25,000 to 35,000 bottles.

## Mille-Fleurs

In 1932 the architectural firm of Henry M. Polhemus and Lewis Augustus Coffin designed and built a replica of the château on the expansive Gould-Guggenheim estate in Port Washington, Long Island, NY, for Mrs Daniel Guggenheim named "Mille-Fleurs"; it still stands in a Nassau County park.

## In popular culture

* An account of working on the grape harvest at the château in the mid-1960s is given by Clive Jackson in Footloose in France.
# Cohn House (Folsom, California)

The Cohn House in Folsom, California is a building, in the Queen Anne Shingle Style of Victorian architecture, built in the 1890s in Folsom, California.
The Cohn House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The listing includes an original house built in the 1860s.
# Lipotropic

Lipotropic compounds are those that help catalyse the breakdown of fat during metabolism in the body. A lipotropic nutrient promotes or encourages the export of fat from the liver. Lipotropics are necessary for maintenance of a healthy liver, and for burning the exported fat for additional energy. Without lipotropics, such as choline and inositol, fats and bile can become trapped in the liver, causing severe problems such as cirrhosis and blocking fat metabolism.
Choline is the major lipotrope in mammals and other known lipotropes are important only insofar as they contribute to the synthesis of choline. Choline is essential for fat metabolism. Choline functions as a methyl donor and it is required for proper liver function. Though choline can be synthesized from methionine or serine, mammals don't produce a sufficient amount on their own. Liver, eggs, wheat bran, meat, and broccoli are dietary sources of choline.
Inositol exerts lipotropic effects as well. Oranges and cantaloupe are high in inositol.
Methionine, an essential amino acid, is a major lipotropic compound in humans. When estrogen levels are high, the body requires more methionine. Estrogens reduce bile flow through the liver and increase bile cholesterol levels. Methionine helps deactivate estrogens. Egg whites are high in methionine.
Methionine levels also affect the amount of sulfur-containing compounds, such as glutathione, in the liver. Glutathione and other sulfur-containing peptides play a critical role in defending against toxic compounds. Supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin D, and NAC can increase glutathione levels.
Betaine hydrochloride is a lipotropic and increases gastric acid. Betaine itself (in a non-hydrochloric form, also known as TMG or Trimethylglycine) also has a lipotropic effect. Quinoa is high in betaine.
# Dondinho

João Ramos do Nascimento (2 October 1917 – 16 November 1996), nicknamed Dondinho, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a centre forward. He was the father, mentor and trainer of Pelé. During his own playing career, Dondinho played for a number of clubs, including Atlético Mineiro. He became known as "Maleável" due to his ability to score headers.

## Club career

In 1933 Dondinho joined Atletico Mineiro playing for its youth section until 1935. He then started his senior career with Yuracan in the Itajuba championship. In 1940 he returned to Atletico Mineiro, but did not play a lot after suffering a serious knee injury.

### Record

In 1938 Dondinho scored 5 goals with headers in Yuracan's 6–2 win against their arch-rivals Smart Futebol Clube in the 1939 regional Interior Championship of Itajubá, Minas Gerais. His record has not been broken ever since by any player in the world while his son Pelé was aiming to break it during his career. As he stated in 2015 this was one of his biggest regrets.

## Death and tributes

He died of heart failure at the age of 79, on November 16, 1996.
On September 15, 2012, the statue "Monumento ao Dondinho" was erected in the João Ramos do Nascimento Municipal Park in Bauru. The approximately 5 meter statue depicts Dondinho and Pelé as children. The artist used cement, plaster and iron and created the work in less than 2 months.

## Honors

* 1939 Itajubense Football Championship (Sociedade Desportiva Yuracan Futebol Clube)
* 1941 Guaraína Cup (Atlético Clube Três Corações)
* 1946 Amateur Champion of the state of São Paulo (Bauru Atlético Clube)

## In popular culture
### Filmography

* 1962: King Pelé
* 2004: Pelé Eterno
* 2016: Pelé: Birth of a Legend
# Col. Benjamin Simond House

The Col. Benjamin Simonds House is a historic house at 643 Simonds Road in Williamstown, Massachusetts. The colonial style wood-frame house was built in 1770 by Benjamin Simonds, a veteran of the French and Indian Wars, who was one of Williamstown's early settlers. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and now houses a bed and breakfast.

## Description and history

The Benjamin Simonds House is located about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the center of Williamstown, on the west side of Simonds Road (United States Route 7) just north of its crossing of the Hoosic River. It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof, central chimney, and clapboarded exterior. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a modestly styled central entrance flanked by pilasters. The interior retains a great deal of original period woodwork, including builtin cabinetry, fireplace mantels, and crown moulding.
Benjamin Simonds was a native of Connecticut who first came to the area that is now Williamstown as a militia soldier stationed at Fort Massachusetts in the 1740s, during King George's War. He first bought land in the area in 1749, eventually moving to this area, where he built this house in 1769. He operated a tavern in the town, and was a leading force in the incorporation of Williamstown in 1765, and the founding of Williams College in 1790. He was also active militarily in the American Revolutionary War, where he led a regiment of militia in the Battle of Bennington and other engagements.
# Daniel Morris (botanist)

Sir Daniel Morris KCMG FLS (1844–1933) was a British administrator, horticulturist and botanist, who worked mainly in the Caribbean region. He was knighted in 1903.

## Biography

After public school at Cheltenham, he was educated at the Royal College of Science South Kensington and at Trinity College Dublin, where he took first class honours in natural science. From 1877 to 1879 he was assistant director of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Ceylon, where he studied coffee leaf rust. He married in 1879. From 1879 to 1886 he was Director of the Botanic Department in Jamaica; he collected botanical specimens in British Honduras in 1882. From 1886 to 1898 he was assistant director (under William Thiselton-Dyer) of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. From 1898 to 1908 Morris was Imperial Commissioner, West Indian Agricultural Department. From 1908 to 1913 he was Scientific Advisor in Tropical Agriculture to the Colonial Office.
   Even when not working in the Caribbean, he visited it on various scientific missions and his substantial output of books and articles on agricultural matters is chiefly concerned with the Caribbean. He became a Vice-President of the Royal Horticultural Society and of the Royal Empire Society and died on 9 February 1933.

## Selected publications

* A catalogue of the most interesting forest trees, ornamental trees & shrubs, fruit trees, foliage plants, &c., &c., suitable for distribution. Colombo: W.H. Herbert, government printer. 1879.
* Notes on Liberian Coffee, Its History and Cultivation. Kingston, Jamaica: Government Printing Office. 1881.
* Cacao: How to Grow and How to Cure It. Kingston, Jamaica: Government Publishing Office. 1882.
* The Mungoose on Sugar Estates in the West Indies. 1882.
* The Colony of British Honduras. London: Edward Stanford. 1883.
* Fruit as a Factor in Colonial Commerce. 1887.
* The Vegetable Resources of the West Indies. 1888.
# Saba Purtseladze

Saba Purtseladze (born 20 August 2001) is a Georgian tennis player.
Purtseladze has a career-high ATP singles ranking of 395 achieved on 21 October 2024 . He also has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of 603 achieved on 21 October 2024 .
Purtseladze made his ATP main draw debut at the 2022 ATP Cup as one of the five members of the Georgian team.
Purtseladze represents Georgia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 7–1.

## ATP Challenger and ITF World Tennis Tour Finals
### Singles: 9 (5–4)

* Legend (singles)
* ATP Challenger Tour (0–1)
* ITF World Tennis Tour (5–3)
* Titles by surface
* Hard (5–4)
* Clay (0–0)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1–0 | Mar 2022 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Park Ui-sung | 6–4, 6–4 |
| Win | 2–0 | Oct 2022 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Lorenzo Rottoli | 6–3, 6–3 |
| Loss | 2–1 | Nov 2022 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Jakub Menšík | 4–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 3–1 | Mar 2023 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Alexander Blockx | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Loss | 3–2 | Apr 2023 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Evgenii Tiurnev | 6–1, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$ |
| Win | 4–2 | Apr 2023 | M25 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Alibek Kachmazov | 6–4, 7–5 |
| Loss | 4–3 | Dec 2023 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Samuel Vincent Ruggeri | 4–6, 6–7$^{(2–7)}$ |
| Win | 5–3 | Mar 2024 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Martyn Pawelski | 3–6, 6–3, 7–6$^{(10–8)}$ |
| Loss | 5–4 | Jul 2024 | Astana, Kazakhstan | Challenger | Hard | Dimitar Kuzmanov | 4–6, 3–6 |

### Doubles: 6 (3–3)

* Legend
* ATP Challenger (0–0)
* ITF World Tennis Tour (3–3)
* Finals by surface
* Hard (3–2)
* Clay (0–1)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Dec 2021 | M15 Doha, Qatar | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Huang Tsung-hao | Marat Deviatiarov Hsu Yu-hsiou | 1–6, 0–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Sep 2022 | M15 Shymkent, Kazakhstan | World Tennis Tour | Clay | Erik Arutiunian | Sergey Fomin Eric Vanshelboim | 3–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 0–3 | Sep 2022 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Lukáš Pokorný | Aliaksandr Liaonenka Alexander Zgirovsky | 5–7, 4–6 |
| Win | 1–3 | Oct 2022 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Lukáš Pokorný | Peter Benjamín Privara Borys Zgoła | 6–7$^{(2–7)}$, 6–3, [10–4] |
| Win | 2–3 | Mar 2023 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Lukáš Pokorný | Alex Knaff Jakob Schnaitter | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 3–3 | Oct 2023 | M15 Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Sergey Fomin | Adam Jones Henry Searle | 6–3, 6–4 |
# Marc Alexa

Marc Alexa is a professor of computer science at TU Berlin working in the fields of computer graphics, geometric modeling and geometry processing.

## Life

Alexa studied computer science at TU Darmstadt, receiving a Diplom in 1997 and a PhD in 2002. After his graduation, he spent time as a postdoctoral researcher with Greg Turk at Georgia Tech, returning the same year to become assistant professor at TU Darmstadt. In 2005, he became an associate professor for computer graphics at TU Berlin, transitioning to the full professorship in 2010. He conducted research at Caltech, Carnegie Mellon University, Disney Research, ETH Zurich, and the University of Toronto. From 2018 to 2021, he was the editor-in-chief of ACM Transactions on Graphics.

## Awards

Alexa received numerous best paper awards at conferences, in particular the Symposium on Geometry Processing. Other noteworthy distinctions:
* 2024: ACM Fellow
* 2022: ERC Advanced Grant
* 2018: Fellow of the Eurographics Association
* 2014: Eurographics Outstanding Technical Contributions Award
* 2012: Engineering Sciences Prize of the Academy, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
* 2010: ERC Starting Grant
* 2003: Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis of the German Research Foundation
# Columbus Foundation

The Columbus Foundation is a nonprofit charitable organization in Columbus, Ohio, founded in 1943.

## History

The foundation was created by Harrison M. Sayre. Sayre's father was involved in philanthropy in Newark, Ohio. As Sayre became more involved in the community, he felt he could benefit it with the community foundation. Sayre and Russell Cole met with Huntington Bank and City National Bank executives to establish the foundation on December 29, 1943. In 1947, the Ohio National Bank joined the foundation. At Sayre's death, the organization received about 150 donations in his honor.

## Location

The Columbus Foundation is housed in the Old Governor's Mansion at 1234 E. Broad St., built in 1904. Also known as the Ohio Archives Building or as the Charles H. Lindenberg Home, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972, and is also part of the register's East Broad Street Historic District. It was designed in Colonial Revival and/or Neo-Georgian eclectic style by architect Frank Packard. The listing is for six acres including three contributing buildings. It was built for Charles H. Lindenberg, president of the Lilley Regalia Company. It was later home of ten governors of Ohio and their families, during a 36-year period.
In 2008, the foundation demolished the Joseph F. Firestone House, neighboring the organization's headquarters and built c. 1900. The house had been vacant for years, and the foundation considered saving it, but the structure was deemed too impractical and expensive to be converted for further use. The building was a part of the East Broad Street Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. It was replaced with a surface parking lot and green space.
# Columbus Hatchett House

The Columbus Hatchett House is a historic house at the northern corner of Main and Hazel Streets in Leslie, Arkansas. It is a large two-story structure, fashioned out of rusticated concrete blocks. It has vernacular Colonial Revival details, including egg-and-dart moldings above the window lintels, concrete quoining, Tuscan columns supporting the porch, and ornate Palladian windows. it was built in c. 1910 by Columbus Hatchett using locally fabricated concrete blocks, and is one of the community's finest examples of Colonial Revival architecture.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.
# Columbus Transfer Company Warehouse

The Columbus Transfer Company Warehouse, also known as the Carr Building, is a historic building in Downtown Columbus, Ohio. It was built in two phases, in 1882 and 1900, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
The building was rehabilitated from 1982 to 1983.
# Bandits' Roost, 59 1/2 Mulberry Street

Bandits' Roost, 59 1/2 Mulberry Street is a black and white photograph produced by Danish-American photojournalist and social reformer Jacob Riis in 1888. The photograph was possibly not taken by Riis but instead by one of his assistant photographers, Henry G. Piffard or Richard Hoe Lawrence. It was first published in the photographic book How the Other Half Lives, in 1889, which aimed to document the social conditions of the poorest people of New York.

## Description

This photograph was taken in "The Bend," a dangerous and poor alley in Mulberry Street, in New York, that no longer exists.
The Bend was the core of the "city tenement slums", known for its crime ridden population of mostly Italian origin. Two men at the right appearing to guard the entrance of the alley, the second from the right holding a piece of lumber, possibly as a club. The Art Story website claims that this potential weapon "heightens the sense of menace". Other people appear in the image, including a man who sits in a staircase railing near a woman, and another three men in the opposite side, looking in the direction of the camera. Some people lean from the windows, seemingly interested, at the right, while at the background clothing hangs on lines.
Riis's social activism in pursuit of better life conditions for the poorest classes of New York, of which the book where this picture was published was one of the best examples, was one of the factors that led to the demolition of Mulberry Bend, which was later replaced by a park.

## Cultural references

Riis' work served as an inspiration and this photograph in particular was recreated in a scene of the film Gangs of New York (2002), by Martin Scorsese, which takes place two decades before the photo's making.

## Public collections

There are prints of this photograph at the Museum of Modern Art, in New York, the Museum of the City of New York, the International Center of Photography, in New York, and at the Ackland Art Museum, in Chapel Hill.