OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anchistea

Anchistea is a genus of leptosporangiate ferns in the family Blechnaceae. It has only one species, Anchistea virginica (synonym Woodwardia virginica) the Virginia chain fern, which has long creeping, scaly, underground stems or rhizomes giving rise to tall (up to about 4 feet, 120 centimetres) widely separated, deciduous, single leaves. In contrast, the leaves of Osmundastrum cinnamomeum, which can be mistaken for A. virginica, grow in a group from a crown. Also in contrast to O. cinnamomeum the leaves are monomorphic without distinct fertile fronds. The lower petiole or stipe is dark purple to black, shiny and swollen, the upper rachis is dull green. The leaf blade is green and lanceolate, composed of 12 to 23 paired, alternate pinnatifid pinnae. The pinnae are subdivided into 15 to 20 paired segments that are ovate to oblong. The lower rachis is naked for about half its length. The sori or spore-producing bodies are found on the underside of the pinnae and are long and form a double row which outlines the major veins of the pinnae. In common with all ferns, A. virginica exhibits a gametophyte stage in its life cycle (alternation of generations) and develops a haploid reproductive prothallus as an independent plant. The spores are produced in red-brown sori which line the spaces (areolae) between the costa and costules. Further photographs can be found at the Connecticut Botanical Society and Ontario Ferns websites.

## Taxonomy and evolution

Anchistea virginica was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1771 as Blechnum virginicum. It was transferred to Woodwardia by James Edward Smith in 1793, and to Anchistea by Carl Presl in 1851. Some sources retain it in Woodwardia, but the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) retains Presl's genus, making it the sole species in Anchistea.
Fossils of Anchistea virginica have been described from the Middle Miocene of the U.S. states of Washington and Mississippi, suggesting its range was probably once much more widespread in North America. In the Middle Miocene, Anchistea virginica apparently occupied similar habitats as in the present day.

## Distribution

Endemic to eastern North America from Florida to Nova Scotia and west to Michigan and Illinois. A. virginica is mostly found on the Atlantic coastal plain and Piedmont although it also grows in the eastern Great Lakes region as far west as Illinois. The Flora of North America website has a distribution map.

## Ecology and conservation

Anchistea virginica grows in the wet soils of open wet swampy woods, acid bogs, and along streams and roadside ditches, avoiding calcareous substrates. A. virginica is an important constituent of the field layer of flatwoods, Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) swamp forest and bay (Magnolia virginiana) forests.

## Cultivation and uses

The plant is occasionally cultivated as a greenhouse or garden ornamental. Hardy to USDA Zone 3.
# Gans (surname)

Gans is a Dutch and German noun meaning "goose". It is also a (mainly jewish) surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bird Stein Gans (1868–1944), American educator involved in parent education
* Bob Gans (1887–1959), American slot-machine magnate and philanthropist
* Bruce Gans, American physiatrist
* Carl Gans (1923–2009), Jewish German-American zoologist and herpetologist
* Christophe Gans (born 1960), French film director
* Curtis Gans (1937–2015), American political activist and voting expert
* Danny Gans (1956–2009), American singer and comedian
* David Gans (1541–1613), Jewish German-Czech mathematician, historian and astronomer
* David Gans (musician) (born 1953), American musician, songwriter and music journalist
* Donovan Gans (born 1971), American football player
* Eduard Gans (1797–1839), Jewish German jurist
* Eric Gans (born 1941), American literary scholar and professor
* Herbert J. Gans (born 1927), American sociologist
* Joachim Gans, 16th-century Jewish Czech mining expert, first Jew to live in North America
* Joe Gans (1874–1910), American boxer
* José Moreno Gans (1897–1976), Spanish composer
* Joshua Gans, Australian economist
* Judy Gans (1886–1949), American baseball player
* Julius J. Gans (1896–1973), American lawyer, politician, and judge
* Lothar Gans (born 1953), German football player
* Ludwig Aaron Gans (1794–1871), German industrialist
* Mitchell Gans, American legal scholar
* Óscar Gans (1903–1965), Cuban attorney and politician
* Panama Joe Gans (1896–1983), Barbadian boxer
* Paula Gans (1883–1941), Czech painter
* Peter Gans (born 1937), Dutch football referee
* Richard Gans, founder of the Spanish type foundry Fundiciòn Richard Gans
* Richard Gans (1880–1954), Jewish German physicist
* Ron Gans (1931–2010), American voice-over artist and character actor
* Sharon Gans (born 1942), American actress
* Solomon Philip Gans (1788–1843), German jurist
* Stedman Gans (born 1997), South African rugby player
* Hans Gans - German name of Jan Hus

## Gansz

* Frank Gansz (1938–2009), American football coach
* Gansz Trophy
# Frederick Townsend (MP for Stratford-on-Avon)

Frederick Townsend, FLS (5 December 1822 – 16 December 1905) was a British botanist and Conservative politician who served as a Member of Parliament for six years The standard author abbreviation F.Towns. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## Early life and education

Townsend was born in Rawmarsh, West Riding of Yorkshire to Rev. Edward James Townsend, a Church of England clergyman, whose parish was first Rawmarsh and then Ilmington near Stratford-on-Avon. Frederick was educated at Harrow and went on to study at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he gained a BA in 1850 and then an MA in 1855.
He was a respected amateur botanist and was elected a Fellow of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh in 1846 and as a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1878. After living in Hampshire for several years he published the "Flora of Hampshire" in 1883, with 2nd edition in 1904. He was a friend to fellow botanists Cardale Babington and William Williamson Newbould. He was especially close to Newbould until his death in 1886.

## Parliamentary career

Townsend entered Parliament as MP for Stratford-on-Avon as a result of the 1886 general election in which the Conservative Marquess of Salisbury became Prime Minister, ousting the Liberal leader, William Gladstone. He defeated the incumbent Liberal MP, Lord William Compton, with a majority of 489 votes. The constituency has only once elected a non-Conservative candidate since then.
His first recorded contribution in the House of Commons was on the 7 May 1888 and was in regards to the Excise Duties (Local Purposes) Bill; he asked the then Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Goschen, whether a steam ploughing engine which was only used for agricultural purposes, and thus only travelled by road from the owner's home to their field or from field to field, would be exempt from the £5 duty on locomotives.
Townsend did not stand for re-election in the 1892 general election and so was succeeded by fellow Conservative Bertram Freeman-Mitford, grandfather of the Mitford sisters.

## Personal life

In 1863 he married Mary Elizabeth Butler. They lived at first at Shedfield Lodge near Wickham, Hampshire. (The building is now a care home.) Both husband and wife worked at improving life for the people of the estate. Her work with the girls' school and orphanage drew the attention of leaders within the Church, and in the 1870s she was encouraged to set up a national organisation, the Girls' Friendly Society. He became a trustee, and supported her in what became her life-work.
As a result of the death of his uncle in 1874, Rev. H. Townsend, he inherited the family estate, Honington Hall, Warwickshire.
He died on the 16 December 1905 in Cimiez, Nice. His widow survived him by 13 years. They had no children.
# Miguel Leyva

Miguel Leyva Río De La Loza (born 4 April 2001) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Liga MX club América.

## Club career

On 31 January 2020, América registered Leyva as part of their official roster as their last signing for the season. Leyva spent the last football year playing for Spanish football team CD Toledo B in which he was used as a midfielder and a forward and scored 19 goals for the team.
# Robbie Stanley

Robert William Stanley (November 16, 1967, in Brownsburg, Indiana – May 26, 1994, in Winchester, Indiana) was an American auto racing driver.
He competed in NASCAR Busch Series between 1992 and 1994, he attempted 3 races, failed to qualify in one of them and ran the other two. His best finish was 15th at Indianapolis Raceway Park in 1993 season.
After winning the All-Star Circuit of Champions championship in 1989, he began racing in USAC. It was there that he collected three straight USAC National sprint car championships in 1991, 1992, and 1993 and was on his way to a fourth when his career was cut short in a fatal accident in a USAC sprint car event in Winchester, Indiana, on May 26, 1994.
The family's quarter midget construction operation is named in his memory.

## Awards

* 2005 - Inducted into the National Sprint Car Hall of Fame
* 1994 - Inducted into Hoosier Auto Racing Fans (HARF) "Hall of Fame"
* 1993 - USAC National Sprint Car Series "Champion"
* 1992 - USAC National Sprint Car Series "Champion"
* 1991 - USAC National Sprint Car Series "Champion"
* 1989 - All-Star Circuit of Champions "Champion"
* 1989 - Hoosier Auto Racing Fans (HARF) "Most Improved Driver"
* 1984 - Paragon, (IN) Speedway "Rookie of the Year"
* 1980 - Quarter Midget "National Champion"
# Rolf Greger Strøm

Rolf Greger Strøm (17 May 1940 – 4 August 1994) was a Norwegian luger. He participated at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, where he placed fourth in the men's singles, and competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
# Ancient North Arabian languages

Ancient North Arabian languages are a family of ancient Semitic languages represented in the Ancient North Arabian scripts. They are closely related to Old Arabic, although distinct from it.
# The Good Soldier Švejk (disambiguation)

The Good Soldier Švejk (Czech: Dobrý voják Švejk; the Germanised spelling Schweik is also used in English and other languages) is a common abbreviation of the title of the 1920s WW1 novel by Jaroslav Hašek as wall as an epithet of its eponymous anti-hero, Private Josef Švejk.
The Good Soldier Schweik may also refer to the following adaptations:
* The Good Soldier Schweik (1926 film), a silent film by Karel Lamač
* The Good Soldier Schweik (1931 film), a sound film by Martin Frič
* The Good Soldier Schweik (1955 film), an animated colour film by Jiří Trnka
* The Good Soldier Schweik (1956 film), a live-action colour film, first of two based on the novel
* The Good Soldier Schweik (1960 film), a German film
* The Good Soldier Schweik, an instrumental suite by Robert Kurka (1956–1958, expanded into a 1957 opera)
* The Good Soldier Schweik (opera), an opera by Robert Kurka
# Erica tetralix

Erica tetralix, the cross-leaved heath, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to western Europe.

## Description

It is a perennial subshrub with glandular leaves in whorls of four (whence the name). Appearing in summer and autumn, small pink bell-shaped flowers droop in compact clusters at the ends of the shoots.

### Similar species

Related species E. cinerea has glabrous leaves in whorls of three. Calluna vulgaris has much smaller and scale-like leaves in opposite and decussate pairs.

## Taxonomy

The sticky, adhesive glands on leaves, sepals and other parts of the plant prompted Charles Darwin to suggest that this species might be a protocarnivorous plant, but little, if any, research has been done on this.

## Distribution and habitat

E. tetralix is native to western Europe from southern Portugal to central Norway, as well as a number of boggy regions further from the coast in Central Europe such as Austria and Switzerland. It has also been introduced to parts of North America.
E. tetralix can become a dominant part of the flora in bogs, wet heaths, and damp coniferous woodland.

## Ecology

A species of Trialeurodes whitefly discovered in 1971 was named T. ericae for the plant, due to its frequent association with it.

## Cultivation

In cultivation, like other heathers, E. tetralix requires an acidic soil, as it is a calcifuge. Numerous cultivars have been developed for garden use, of which E. tetralix f. alba 'Alba Mollis' (a white-flowered variety) and E. tetralix f. stellata 'Pink Star' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## In culture

It appears in the 1938 German marching song "Erika" by Herms Niel.
# Rejeb Khaznadar

Rejeb Khaznadar (Arabic: رجب خزندار; died May 21, 1797, in Tunis) was a Tunisian politician and before that he was a mamluk of Greek origin. He became Prime Minister of the Beylik of Tunis in 1759, becoming the first Prime Minister in the history of Tunisia.

## Biography

Rejeb Khaznadar was one of the Mamluks of the Husseinite court and husband of Princess Fatma, daughter of Hussein Bey, founder of dynasty.
He was appointed the bey's treasurer (khaznadar) under his brother in law Muhammad I ar-Rashid, and then in 1759 chief minister by Ali Bey, becoming the first to occupy this function. He was replaced in 1782 by Moustapha Khodja. The chronicler Ahmad ibn Abi Diyaf declared that he was trustworthy and peace-loving politician until his death.
# Roy Ebron

Roy Lester Ebron (August 31, 1951 – September 28, 2014) was an American basketball player who played one season in the original American Basketball Association (ABA).

## Career

Ebron played college basketball at Louisiana–Lafayette (then called the University of Southwestern Louisiana).
He appeared in 40 games for the Utah Stars in the ABA during the 1973–74 season, averaging 6.2 points and 4.4 rebounds per game. He played for the Iberia Superstars in the European Professional Basketball League in 1975.

## Death

Ebron died on September 28, 2014, at his home in St. Rose, Louisiana.
# Coranarta luteola

Coranarta luteola is a moth of the family Noctuidae described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote and Coleman Townsend Robinson in 1865. It is found in the boreal zone of North America, from Alaska to Labrador. Its range extends south to Minnesota and Wisconsin in the Midwest and to Maine in the east. In the Rocky Mountains, it extends as far south as Colorado. It is listed as endangered in the US state of Connecticut.
The length of the forewings is 11–12 mm.
The larvae feed on laurels (including Kalmia microphylla and Kalmia polifolia). Adults feed on flowers, and are particularly fond of Andromeda polifolia.
# Tops Pizza

Tops Pizza Limited is a British pizza takeaway chain, with seventy stores in the United Kingdom. The company opened its first store at 74 Fulham Palace Road in 1988, by British–Iranian Ali Morad Yazdi Nodoushani, then aged 28, and who had been a civil engineering student. It is a private limited company.
In June 2009, the leaders of an Afghan criminal gang received long prison sentences for smuggling 230 Afghans into Europe, many to work in "branches of well known franchises Tops Pizza, GoGo Pizza and Perfect Pizza across southern England". In March 2014, staff were caught on CCTV climbing through the window of a closed Tops Pizza branch in Tunbridge Wells, after they forgot their keys.
# Grauden forest

The Grauden was a jungle between Pregola and Neman in what is now the Kaliningrad Oblast.
The forest consisted of oaks, alders, birches and dense, thorny underbrush. It was traversed by the courses of the Ossat, Schillup, Budup and Arge.
Johannes Voigt writes in Geschichte Preussens, von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Untergang der Herrschaft des Deutschen Ordens (History of Prussia: from the earliest times to the downfall of the Teutonic Order), volume 4, page 38, that at the beginning of the year 1289 Meinhard von Querfurt, Country Master of Prussia of the Teutonic Order, gathered all the military force of the country. "On 11 January he moved with the army under great difficulties on the unblazed trails of the bleak forest wilderness which at that time was called the Grauden to Schalauen."
In 1377 Marshal Gottfried von Linden crossed the Grauden with Duke Albrecht III of Austria and his army of 30,000 men on their way back from Ragnit to Königsberg. Peter Suchenwirt, who accompanied Duke Albrecht III, described it as an almost impenetrable wilderness.
In his travel report of 1384 the chronicler Wiegand von Marburg writes about the road no. 43 of the Teutonic Order which was the first regular road through the Grauden from Insterburg to Kraupischken and on to Ragnit.
# Cathryn Lee

Cathryn Lee Yuan-ling (Chinese: 李元玲; born 17 July 1989) is a Malaysian pianist, model and actress best known for her role as Jing Jing in the Hong Kong-Malaysian horror film Hungry Ghost Ritual (2014).

## Biography

Lee was born on 17 July 1989, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, into a wealthy family. Her mother was a former Miss World Malaysia champion. At the age of 8, she began learning the piano and ballet. After completing high school at 17, Lee enrolled at the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire to study classical piano and later obtained a Bachelor of Music. In 2007, she achieved a Licentiate in Piano Solo from Trinity College London, and was mentored by Chinese pianist Li Yundi in Munich, Germany, during several summers. In 2010, while performing at a hotel in Kuala Lumpur, she caught the attention of Fan Bingbing's agent, who offered her a contract with GME [zh] as an artist.
Lee made her acting debut in 2012, starring in the lead role of the drama film My Dog Dou Dou. In 2014, she was cast as Jing Jing, a lead role and the younger half-sister with a strained relationship with Nick Cheung's character, in the Hong Kong-Malaysian horror film Hungry Ghost Ritual and garnered public recognition. She also took on lead roles in the 2016 Hong Kong action comedy film Special Female Force and the 2017 legal thriller series Legal Eagles. Subsequently, she focused on her career as pianist and media personality. In 2021, Lee received significant public backlash after making comments on women's physique in an Instagram story that were widely perceived as body-shaming. She was forced to apologize and temporarily deactivated her social media accounts.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2012 | My Dog Dou Dou | Wu Bi Zhu (吳碧珠) |
| 2014 | Hungry Ghost Ritual | Jing Jing (晶晶) |
| 2016 | Special Female Force | Cat Leung |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2013 | The Enchanted | Yao Ding Ding (姚丁丁) | Main role |
| 2017 | Legal Eagles | Ella Chen Linlin (陳琳琳) | Recurring role |
# Hyundai Engineering & Construction

Hyundai Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd. (HDEC; Korean: 현대건설 주식회사) is a major construction company in South Korea. The company was founded by Chung Ju-yung in 1947 as the Hyundai Civil Works Company and was a major component of the Hyundai Group. Hyundai Construction and Hyundai Engineering merged in 1999.
Hyundai Construction played a major role in the importation of Korean laborers to the Middle East to work on construction projects in the 1970s and 1980s. In the decade following 1975, Hyundai signed their first contract in the region for construction of a shipyard for the Iranian Navy near Bandar-e Abbas. 800,000 Koreans went to work in Saudi Arabia and another 25,000 went to Iran; Hyundai was their largest employer.
Under creditors' management with Korea Exchange Bank as the largest creditor, Hyundai Group was split into several entities from 2001 to 2006. As of March 2007, HDEC is the main shareholder of Hyundai Merchant Marine, which is the de facto holding company of Hyundai Group. Hyundai Group and Hyundai Motor Group (another spin-off from Hyundai Group) are both vying to purchase HDEC.
In 2011, Hyundai Motor Group became the new owner of Hyundai Engineering & Construction. This was determined by Korean banks' decision after the company won a bidding war against the Korean Merchant Marine.

## Key landmark construction sites

* Godeok-Topyeong Bridge
* Pattani-Narathiwat Highway, Thailand
* Bangabandhu Bridge, Bangladesh
* Kyeong-bu (Seoul-Busan) expressway
* North Han river, Soyanggang Dam, multipurpose Dam
* Seoul Gangnam apartment introduction in Korea during 1970
* Hyundai Ulsan shipyard
* Hyundai Motor Ulsan complex
* Ulsan Industrial complex
* Posco Giant Pohang and Gwangyang (South-west of Korean peninsula) com
* Jabel Ali Industrial harbour construction
* Suntec City tower project, Singapore
* Ulsan Grand Bridge
* Geogeum Grand Bridge
* Masan Changwon Grand Bridge
* Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Causeway, Kuwait
* Lusial Expressway, Qatar
* Construction of Al Bustan Street South Project -Sabah Al ahmad Corridor, Qatar
* North-South Commuter Railway (Sucat-Calamba), Philippines

## Notable people

The former president of South Korea, Lee Myung-bak, was a former CEO of Hyundai Engineering and Construction.
# The Laird o Logie

The Laird O Logie or The Laird Of Logie (Roud 81, Child 182) is a traditional English-language folk ballad.

## Synopsis

Young Logie (or Ochiltrie) is imprisoned to hang. Mary Margaret comes to court to plead for his life. She cannot win a pardon but steals some token or a forged pardon (sometimes a weapon), sometimes with the queen's aid. With these, she frees Young Logie—the man she loves or the father of her baby, depending on the variant.

## Commentary

The ballad is based on historical events in Scotland in 1592. The king of the ballad is James VI of Scotland, the queen is Anne of Denmark, and Young Logie is John Wemyss, the Laird of Logie in North Fife. The offence for which he was imprisoned, unlike the stolen kiss claimed in some variants, was involvement with Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell, in an attempt to kidnap the king. Margaret Vinstarr was one of the servants of Anne of Denmark, a Danish maid of honour, and succeeded in rescuing Logie from a prison in Dalkeith Palace. They later married.
# Virbalis Eldership

The Virbalis Eldership (Lithuanian: Virbalio seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Vilkaviškis District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 1449.
# Phulpur Upazila

Phulpur (Bengali: ফুলপুর) is an upazila of Mymensingh District in the Division of Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

## Demographics

Religions in Phulpur Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 97.40% | 97.40% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 2.41% | 2.41% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.19% | 0.19% |
In 2011, Phulpur had a population of 601,766 living in 153,361 households. Males constitute 49.48% of the population and females 50.52%. Muslims form 96.27% of the population, Hindus 3.46%, Christians 0.18%, and others 0.10%. Phulpur has a literacy rate of 37.66% for the population above the age of seven.
According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, residual Phulpur Upazila had 87,523 households and a population of 303,546. 85,736 (28.24%) were under 10 years of age. Phulpur has a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 38.04%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1024 females per 1000 males. 25,628 (8.44%) people lived in urban areas. Muslims were 294,539 and Hindus at 8,112.
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census Phulpur had a population of 459,046, with males constituting 50.98% of the population and females 49.02%. This Upazila's 18+ population is 221,110. Phulpur had an average literacy rate of 72% (7+ years). compared to the national average of 32.4%.

## Administration

Phulpur Upazila is divided into Phulpur Municipality and ten union parishads: Balia, Baola, Payari, Phulpur, Rahimganj, Rambhadrapur, Rupasi, Singheshwar, Chhandhara, and Bhaitkandi.
Phulpur Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 12 mahallas.