OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Georg Bartisch

Georg Bartisch (1535–1607) was a German physician who was a native of Königsbrück, Saxonia.
At the age of thirteen he began his medical career as an apprentice to a barber surgeon, and for a considerable portion of his life Bartisch was an itinerant surgeon who plied his trade throughout Saxony, Silesia, and Bohemia. He eventually settled down in Dresden, and in 1588 became court oculist to Duke Augustus I of Saxony.
Although Bartisch was not academically trained, he was considered a highly skilled practitioner of ocular medicine and surgery. He is credited for producing the first Renaissance manuscript on ophthalmic disorders and eye surgery, "Ophthalmodouleia Das ist Augendienst". It was published in 1583, and discussed ocular diseases, surgical techniques and instruments, and contained an ophthalmic atlas of 92 woodcuts depicting diseases of the eye. Bartisch is also remembered for his work in lithotomy for the removal of urinary calculi.
Despite his skill as a surgeon, Bartisch was a superstitious individual, as he believed that magic, astrology and witchcraft played a significant part in medicine.
# Paule Baudouin

Paule Baudouin (born 25 October 1984) is a French handball player, playing for the French club Fleury Loiret HB and for the French national team. She was born in Saint Denis.
She made her debut on the French national team in 2004. She competed at the 2006 European Championship in Sweden, where the French team placed third and at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where the French team finished fifth, and at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London where the team finished fifth again.
# Tomáš Paul

Tomáš Paul (born 3 April 1988 in Prague) is a Czech curler.

## Curling career
### Men's

Playing of Charles University, Paul has played in two Winter Universiades. The first was the 2011 Winter Universiade, where Paul threw second stones for the Czech team, skipped by Lukáš Klíma, winning a bronze medal. He played in the 2013 Winter Universiade as well, with Klíma skipping. They had less success, finishing in 7th place.
Paul first played for the Czech national team at the men's level at the 2015 European Curling Championships, playing second for the team skipped by David Šik. The team finished in 9th place. He played again for Šik at the 2018 European Curling Championships, this time in B Division play. They went undefeated in the round robin but faltered in the playoffs, settling for third place in the division.

### Mixed doubles

In addition to regular curling, Paul plays mixed doubles. He has played in five World Mixed Doubles Curling Championships for his native Czech Republic. At his first World Championship in 2013, he and partner Zuzana Paulová ended up capturing the bronze medal. At the 2014 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, the pair finished in 7th, and at the 2017 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, they finished 4th, which would not be enough to qualify them for the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Paulová and Paul represented the Czech Republic again at the 2018 and 2019 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championships, finishing 10th in 2018 and losing in the quarterfinals in 2019.
In February 2020, Paulová and Paul won 2020 Czech Mixed Doubles Curling Championship one more time. They were set to represent the Czech Republic at the 2020 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship before the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm

The Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm is an iterative phase retrieval algorithm for retrieving the phase of a complex-valued wavefront from two intensity measurements acquired in two different planes. Typically, the two planes are the image plane and the far field (diffraction) plane, and the wavefront propagation between these two planes is given by the Fourier transform. The original paper by Gerchberg and Saxton considered image and diffraction pattern of a sample acquired in an electron microscope.
It is often necessary to know only the phase distribution from one of the planes, since the phase distribution on the other plane can be obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the plane whose phase is known. Although often used for two-dimensional signals, the GS algorithm is also valid for one-dimensional signals.
The pseudocode below performs the GS algorithm to obtain a phase distribution for the plane "Source", such that its Fourier transform would have the amplitude distribution of the plane "Target".
The Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm is one of the most prevalent methods used to create computer-generated holograms.

## Pseudocode algorithm

This is just one of the many ways to implement the GS algorithm. Aside from optimizations, others may start by performing a forward Fourier transform to the source distribution.
# Ian Mitchell (musician)

Ian Mitchell was a Northern Irish musician. He was a member of Bay City Rollers for seven months in 1976. He was the first non-Scot to join the group.
Mitchell was a member of Young City Stars when he was asked by BCR manager Tam Paton to replace Alan Longmuir. Ian was 17 when he joined the band. He played on the Rollers' cover of Dusty Springfield's "I Only Want to Be with You". Mitchell was replaced by Pat McGlynn. He then joined Rosetta Stone, which was also managed by Paton.
Mitchell formed the Ian Mitchell Band in 1979, and changed their name to La Rox in 1982. He changed their name again in 1983 to Bachelor of Hearts for their third and final release, On the Boulevard. He also guest performed with South African band The Passengers which was fronted by Neill Solomon. He returned to the Bay City Rollers for three years in 1982. During the 90's, Ian performed in groups with former Bay City Rollers lead vocalist, Duncan Faure, such as The Joybuzzers in 1991 and The Blue Bottles. Ian performed with Kyle Vincent in the 2000s.
Ian moved to California in the '80s and worked as a computer programmer and a motivational speaker. Mitchell is mentioned in the Friends episode "The One with Rachel's Book", when whilst planning Monica Geller's wedding, asks for the BCR to attend, leading Chandler Bing to reply "Well, you couldn’t get them anyway, I mean Ian doesn’t even play any more."
Mitchell died on 2 September 2020, aged 62, from throat cancer.
# Cowesett

Cowesett (ko-WEE-set) is a hillside neighborhood located in Warwick, Rhode Island.

## Location

Cowesett is bounded on the north by Rhode Island Route 117, on the south by East Greenwich, Rhode Island, on the east by U.S. 1 (Post Road), and on the west by Crompton / Rhode Island Route 2. To the east is the neighborhood of Chepiwanoxet and Greenwich Bay, an arm of Narragansett Bay. Cowesett is known as the "Wellesley by the Sea" for its similarity to the affluent Wellesely, Massachusetts, but near the coast. The neighborhood is in walking distance of Main Street and other attractions such as Scallop Town Park, Academy Field, and the town library in East Greenwich, Rhode Island.

## Name

The name Cowesett, which has had various spellings throughout history, may be derived from the Narragansett expression kówaw 'pine tree' + -es 'small' + -sett 'place', meaning 'Small Pine Place.' This place name may have designated by metonymy the earliest inhabitants of this area prior to contact with Europeans.

## Schools and Colleges

The one public school located in Cowesett is Cedar Hill Elementary School, and students who live in the neighborhood also attend the public schools of Scott Elementary School, Winman Junior High School, and Toll Gate High School.

## Notable residents

Cowesett is home to actor James Woods, former boxer Vinny Pazienza, and Olympic Gold Medalist Sara DeCosta. It is the former home of current Major League pitcher Dan Wheeler of the Tampa Bay Rays.

## Transportation

In 2010, the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA) opened up Warwick Station on the Providence/Stoughton Line, providing train service connecting T. F. Green Airport and Boston, Massachusetts.
41°40′52″N 71°27′40″W﻿ / ﻿41.68111°N 71.46111°W﻿ / 41.68111; -71.46111
# Remarks After the Hanging of John Brown

Remarks After the Hanging of John Brown was a speech given by Henry David Thoreau on December 2, 1859, the day of John Brown's execution. Thoreau gave a few brief remarks of his own, read poetry by Sir Walter Raleigh ("The Soul's Errand"), William Collins ("How Sleep the Brave"), Friedrich Schiller (excerpts from Samuel Taylor Coleridge's translation of "The Death of Wallenstein"), William Wordsworth (excerpts from "Alas! What boots the long laborious quest"), Alfred Tennyson (excerpts from "Maud"), George Chapman (excerpts from "Conspirary of Charles, Duke of Byron"), and Henry Wotton ("The Character of a Happy Life"), and then quoted from his own translation of Tacitus.
# Melanostoma

Melanostoma is a large genus of hoverflies. Little is known of their biology, but they are suspected to be general predators of small insects in leaf litter.

## Species

Source:
* M. abdominale Shiraki, 1930
* M. aenoscutum Hull, 1964
* M. algens Curran, 1931
* M. alpinum Szilády, 1942
* M. alticola Speiser, 1910
* M. annulipes Macquart, 1842
* M. apicale Bigot, 1884
* M. atrum Sack, 1932
* M. aurantiaca Becker, 1921
* M. babyssa (Walker, 1849)
* M. babyssola Speiser, 1924
* M. bergmani Doesburg, 1966
* M. bicruciatum (Bigot, 1884)
* M. bituberculatum Loew, 1858
* M. boreomontanum Mutin, 1986
* M. diffusum Hull, 1941
* M. dubium (Zetterstedt, 1838)
* M. elongatum Matsumura, 1919
* M. eversmanni Enderlein, 1938
* M. fasciatum (Macquart, 1850)
* M. flavipenne Matsumura, 1919
* M. flavipleurum Hull, 1964
* M. floripeta Speiser, 1910
* M. fumivenosum Doesburg, 1966
* M. gedehense Meijere, 1914
* M. gymnocera Bigot, 1891
* M. incisum Matsumura, 1916
* M. incompletum Becker, 1908 - Canarian endemic species
* M. incurvum Dirickx, 2001
* M. infuscatum Becker, 1909
* M. keiseri Dirickx, 2001
* M. matilei Dirickx, 2001
* M. meijerei Goot, 1964
* M. mellinum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* M. motodomariense Matsumura, 1919
* M. normale Curran, 1931
* M. ochraceum Dirickx, 2001
* M. orientale Wiedemann, 1824
* M. otaniense Matsumura, 1919
* M. pedius Walker, 1852
* M. perinetense Dirickx, 2001
* M. pumicatum (Meigen, 1838)
* M. pyrophaenoides Speiser, 1910
* M. quadrifasciatum Curran, 1928
* M. satyriphilum Hull, 1941
* M. scalare (Fabricius, 1794)
* M. simplex Doesburg, 1955
* M. subbituberculatum Kassebeer, 2000
* M. sulphuripes Hull, 1964
* M. sylvarum Hull, 1941
* M. teizonis Matsumura, 1919
* M. tenuis Matsumura, 1919
* M. tiantaiensis Huo & Zheng, 2003
* M. transversum Shiraki & Edashige, 1953
* M. trochanteratum Hull, 1964
* M. tumescens Szilády, 1940
* M. univittatum Wiedemann, 1824
* M. violaceum Hull, 1964
* M. wollastoni Wakeham-Dawson, Aguiar, Smit, McCullough & Wyatt, 2004
# Zachary Somers

Zachary Noah Somers (born 1979) is an American lawyer who serves as a judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims.

## Education

Somers earned a Bachelor of Arts, cum laude, from Georgetown University, and a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center, where he served as the editor-in-chief of the Georgetown Journal of Law & Public Policy.

## Career

Upon graduation from law school, Somers served as a law clerk to Judge Victor J. Wolski of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He was an attorney at the boutique Washington, D.C., law firm Marzulla Law, LLC, where he specialized in takings and breach of contract litigation before the Court of Federal Claims and other federal courts. He served over a decade on the United States House Committee on the Judiciary staff in several counsel roles, including as the Committee's General Counsel and Parliamentarian. Before becoming a judge, he served as the Chief Investigative Counsel for the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, where he handled oversight and investigations for Chairman Lindsey Graham.

### Claims court service

On August 26, 2020, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Somers to serve as a judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. On September 8, 2020, his nomination was sent to the Senate. President Trump nominated Somers to the seat vacated by Judge Thomas C. Wheeler, who retired on October 23, 2020. On November 18, 2020, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On December 10, 2020, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 13–9 vote. On December 17, 2020, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 52–42 vote. His nomination was confirmed later that day by a 52–43 vote. He received his judicial commission on December 22, 2020, and was sworn in on December 23, 2020.
# Sundance

A Sun Dance is a Native American ceremony.
Sun dance or Sundance may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Sundance, Calgary, Alberta, a neighbourhood
* Sundance, Manitoba, a ghost town

### United States

* Sundance, New Mexico, a census-designated place
* Sundance, Wyoming, the county seat and largest community in Crook County
* Sundance Resort, a ski resort in Utah

## People

* Sundance (activist), American Indian civil rights activist and director of the Cleveland branch of the American Indian Movement
* Sundance (rapper) (born 1972), American rapper and radio personality
* Sundance, a Secret Service code name shared by Ethel Kennedy and Al Gore
* Sundance Bilson-Thompson, Australian physicist
* Sundance Head (born 1979), American country singer and season 6 American Idol contestant, and winner of season 11 of The Voice
* Sundance Kid (1867–1908), nickname of Harry Longabaugh

## Art, entertainment, and media
### Films

* Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969), an American Western film
* Sundance and the Kid (1969), a spaghetti Western film

### Music

* "Sun Dance" (song), by Tomahawk
* Sun Dance (album), by Aimer
* Sundance (album), by Chick Corea
* The Sundance Kids, an Australian pop rock band

### Sundance Group

* Sundance Group, an umbrella corporation run by Robert Redford with subsidiaries:
** Sundance Film Festival, held annually in Utah
** Sundance Institute, a center located in Utah's Wasatch Mountains that allows emerging filmmakers to cultivate their craft
** Sundance TV (formerly known as Sundance Channel), an American digital cable and satellite television and film network owned by AMC Networks
** Sundance Resort, a ski resort located outside of Provo, UT

### Other arts, entertainment, and media

* Sundance (video game), released in 1979
* Sundance, a pony character in My Little Pony
* Butch Cassidy (TV series), a.k.a. Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids, a Hanna-Barbera animated series 1979

## Transport

* Sundance (charter vessel), on the River Thames
* Sundance, a call sign used by aircraft of the now-defunct WestAir Commuter Airlines
* Plymouth Sundance, a car made by Chrysler Corporation from 1987 to 1994
* Sun Dance 36, a French sailboat design

## Other uses

* Gaillardia pulchella, North American flowering plant
* Sundance Formation: a formation of rocks from North America's Jurassic period
* Sundance Resources, an Australian mining company
# Mark Philips (politician)

Mark Philips (4 November 1800 – 23 December 1873) was an English Liberal Party politician, and one of the first pair of Members of Parliament for Manchester after the Great Reform Act.

## Early life and family

Mark Philips was born at Philips Park, Whitefield, Lancashire, the son of Robert Philips, a prosperous merchant and Anne Needham. He was educated at the Manchester Academy while it was in York and then at the University of Glasgow. His younger brother, Robert Needham Philips, was MP for Bury and other members of his extended family were also elected to the House of Commons; all of them, as with Mark, supported the ideals of Manchesterism.
He has been described as a "radical entrepreneur" and campaigned in favour of causes promoting non-sectarianism before entering the House of Commons.

## Member of Parliament

The town of Manchester was deprived of its parliamentary representation in 1660 in reprisal for its support of the Parliamentarian faction during the English Civil War. Representation was only restored following the Reform Act 1832.
Philips and Charles Poulett Thomson were the first pair of MPs, elected in that year. He represented the city in Parliament until 1847. He was an active member of the Anti-Corn Law League and a champion of universal education. In 1837 he chaired a meeting that led to the creation of the Lancashire Public Schools' Association which was instrumental in establishing a system of publicly funded schooling in the UK.

## Other works

Philips also played an important role in establishing England's first free public library in 1852 and he was President of his old school, Manchester Academy, from 1842 to 1846 and from 1871 until his death. He was High Sheriff of Warwickshire for 1851.
Philips donated money to many causes including £1,000 towards the fund for the provision of open spaces and parks for the City of Manchester. This resulted in many estates being purchased by the city, including Lark Hill in Salford, which became Peel Park, and the Bradford Estate which became Philips Park in east Manchester.
He died, aged 73, at Welcombe House, Snitterfield, near Stratford-upon-Avon.

## Honours

* Philips Park in the Bradford area of east Manchester is named after him.
* There is a statue in Manchester Town Hall.
* An obelisk erected in memory of Philips in 1876 stands on the family's former estate outside Stratford-upon-Avon.
* His portrait hangs in the Mayor's Chambers at Manchester Town Hall.
# Girish A. D.

Girish A. D. is an Indian film director, screenwriter, actor and film producer who predominantly works in Malayalam cinema. He has directed popular films like Premalu, Super Sharanya and Thanneer Mathan Dinangal.

## Early and personal life

Girish A.D. was born in Chalakudy,Thrissur, Kerala, to Dineshan and Geetha. He attended his higher secondary in St. Sebastians HSS, Kuttikkad, Chalakudy. He did his Bachelor of Technology in MET's School of Engineering, Mala,Thrissur. Girish is married to Chippy Viswan since 23 June 2019.

## Career

After graduating, Girish started making short films. Yashpal, Vishuddha Ambrose and Mookutthi were his early works, all of which got critical acclaim and viewership. He bagged the best Director Award in Adoor short film festival 2017 for Vishuddha Ambrose.
After briefly appearing in Bilahari K Raj's 2017 independent film 'Porattam', Girish debuted as a writer in Malayalam film industry in 2018 with Allu Ramendran directed by Bilahari K Raj. The following year, he made his directorial debut with Thanneer Mathan Dinangal (transl. Watermelon Days). The film being a coming-of age romantic comedy co-written by Dinoy Poulose, was jointly produced by Plan J Studios and Shebin Backer Productions. It starred Vineeth Sreenivasan, Mathew Thomas, and Anaswara Rajan in the lead roles. In 2022, Girish's second directorial Super Sharanya got released and met with mixed reviews from critics but was a commercial success. Then he directed two films, Premalu and I Am Kathalan and both got released in 2024. Premalu received highly positive response and became one of the highest grossing Malayalam film of 2024. I Am Kathalan met with mixed reviews from critics.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Credited as | Credited as | Credited as | | Notes |
| Year | Title | Director | Writer | Actor | Producer | Notes |
| 2017 | Porattam | No | No | Yes | No | |
| 2019 | Allu Ramendran | No | Yes | No | No | Co-written by Sajin Cherukayil, Vineeth Vasudevan |
| 2019 | Thanneer Mathan Dinangal | Yes | Yes | No | No | Co-written by Dinoy Poulose |
| 2022 | Super Sharanya | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
| 2022 | Archana 31 Not Out | No | No | Yes | No | |
| 2022 | Poovan | No | No | Yes | Yes | |
| 2024 | Premalu | Yes | Yes | No | No | Produced by Bhavana Studios |
| 2024 | I Am Kathalan | Yes | No | No | No | |

## Short films

| Film | Notes | Language |
| Yashpal | Director | Malayalam |
| Vishudda Ambrosse | Director | Malayalam |
| Mookuthi | Director | Malayalam |
| Edangeru | Actor | Malayalam |
| Peru Gayathri | Actor | Malayalam |
| Vasheekaranam | Actor, writer | Malayalam |
| Anurag Engineering Works | Producer | Malayalam |
# Enrique Fuentes Quintana

Enrique Fuentes Quintana (1924 – 2007) was a Spanish economist, academic and politician, who served as deputy prime minister of Spain between 1977 and 1979 in the first cabinet after the Francoist State.

## Early life and education

Fuentes was born in Carrión de los Condes, Palencia, on 13 December 1924. His family were mostly jurists and farmers. He held a bachelor's degree in law (1948) and a PhD in political science and economics (1956), both of which he received from the University of Complutense in Madrid.

## Career

Fuentes taught economics at different universities, namely the University of Valladolid (1956 – 1958), the Complutense University of Madrid (1958 – 1978) and at the National University of Distance Education (UNED; 1978 – 1990). He was one of the economists credited with the success of Spanish economy in the 1960s. He served as the head of the research department at the Ministry of Finance. He was also the editor of a reformist monthly magazine, Información Comercial Española. In 1969, he became the director of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. He served as the president of the Bank of Spain.
Fuentes was appointed deputy prime minister for economy to the cabinet led by Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez in 1977. Fuentes developed a rationalization program in 1977 which constituted the basis for Spain to have an opportunity to be granted EEC membership. He was in office until 22 February 1978 when he resigned from office due to his marginalization in the cabinet. Fuentes tried to follow the promises of the structural reforms in economy which were included in the Moncloa Pacts. These reforms required to reduce the production of steel and to nationalize the production of electricity among the others. However, Fuentes's initiatives were not backed by conservatives supporting the cabinet, leading to his resignation. Fernando Abril Martorell succeeded him as deputy prime minister. Fuentes's resignation was one of the reasons for the cabinet to adopt much more right-wing policies. After leaving office Fuentes returned to teaching post and became emeritus professor at UNED.
In 1989 Fuentes was awarded the Asturias Award for social sciences.

## Death

Fuentes died of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 82 in Madrid on 6 June 2007.