OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bergen Tunnels

The Bergen Tunnels are a pair of railroad tunnels with open cuts running parallel to each other under Bergen Hill in Jersey City, New Jersey, U.S. Originally built by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W), they are used by New Jersey Transit Rail Operations (NJT) trains originating or terminating at Hoboken Terminal.

## Construction

Prior to construction, the Morris and Essex Railroad, a predecessor of the DL&W, used the Long Dock Tunnel, owned by the Erie Railroad, to pass under the Hudson Palisades. After issues of congestion and competition arose, the DL&W decided to build its own tunnel for what is commonly known as its Morristown Line. Construction of the North Bergen Tunnel began in 1873; it came into service in 1877. The South Bergen Tunnel opened in 1910, soon after a new Hoboken Terminal was inaugurated. Both tunnels are approximately 4,200 ft (1,300 m) long, and have two short segments of open cut as well as ventilation shafts.

## Rehabilitation

In 2001, New Jersey Transit contracted JV Merco-Obayashi for the rehabilitation of the partially brick-lined North Bergen Tunnel. This included the stabilization of the two open cuts. The five ventilation shafts were stabilized and backfilled. Brick was removed so that the tunnel could be enlarged using drill-and-blast methods, following which it was relined with shotcrete. A drained membrane waterproofing system was installed before a final lining of concrete was cast-in-place. In addition to waterproofing ceilings and walls, new electrical, signal and ventilation systems were installed as were new emergency exits. New tracks were affixed directly to a new concrete floor.

## Historic status

The tunnels are part of New Jersey's state historic preservation office historic district, designated the Old Main Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Historic District. They were documented in 2001 for the Historic American Engineering Record.
| Survey No. | Name (as assigned by HAER) | Built | Documented | Carries | Crosses | Location | County | Coordinates |
| NJ-136 | D,L&W, North Bergen Tunnel | 1877 | 2001 | NJ Transit Hoboken Division tracks | Bergen Hill | Jersey City | Hudson | 40°44′25″N 74°03′45″W﻿ / ﻿40.74028°N 74.06250°W﻿ / 40.74028; -74.06250﻿ (Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, North Bergen Tunnel) |
| NJ-137 | D,L&W, South Bergen Tunnel | 1911 | 2001 | NJ Transit Hoboken Division tracks | Bergen Hill | Jersey City | Hudson | 40°44′24″N 74°03′45″W﻿ / ﻿40.74000°N 74.06250°W﻿ / 40.74000; -74.06250﻿ (Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, South Bergen Tunnel) |
# 1890 West Cavan by-election

A parliamentary by-election was held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of West Cavan on 26 March 1890. The election was caused by the death of the sitting member, Joseph Biggar of the Irish National Federation. Only one candidate was nominated, Edmund Vesey Knox of the Irish National Federation, and was elected unopposed.
# 1892 South Derbyshire by-election

The 1892 South Derbyshire by-election was held on 4 March 1892 after the death of the incumbent Liberal MP Henry Wardle. The by-election was won by the Liberal candidate, Harrington Evans Broad.
South Derbyshire by-election, 1892 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Harrington Evans Broad | 5,803 | 56.0 | −0.4 |
| | Conservative | Beresford Valentine Melville | 4,553 | 44.0 | +0.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,250 | 12.0 | −0.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,356 | 73.2 | −5.0 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | -0.4 | |
# 1892 Recreo earthquake

The 1892 Recreo earthquake took place in the Catamarca Province of Argentina on 21 March at about 01:45 AM, with magnitude of 6.0 on the Richter scale. Its epicenter was located approximately at 29°30′S 65°0′W﻿ / ﻿29.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -29.500; -65.000, and at a depth of about 30 kilometres (19 mi).
The earthquake had a maximum felt intensity of VII on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused some fatalities and serious structural damage in the town of Recreo.
# 1892 London County Council election

An election to the County Council of London took place on 5 March 1892. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Progressive Party retained control of the council, gaining seats from the Moderates.

## Campaign

The Progressives argued that a political party system was necessary on the council, and that the Conservative Party had attempted to discredit the party's leadership of the council, for the benefit of the opposition Moderates. The party called for the council to be given powers over the Metropolitan Police, and the city's water supply and tramways.
The Moderates did not conduct a centralised campaign, but the Conservative Party worked in support of the group. It argued that a formal party system would lead to corruption, and that the Progressives were at fault for developing one. It also campaigned against Irish home rule.
W. M. Thompson, one of the Progressive candidates in Strand was disqualified as he did not live in the division. Working as a barrister, he had supplied the address of his chambers on the nomination papers, but this was not deemed suitable qualification.

## Results

Although the previous election was not conducted on formal party lines, the elected members had either joined the Progressives or aligned with the Moderate group, so it was possible to track the changes to the council. The Progressives won 11 more seats than in 1889, at the expense of the Moderates. The Moderate gained a single seat, in Holborn.
The Manchester Guardian argued that the Progressives would be unable to carry out much of their programme, as it fell outside the council's remit; but that if the Liberal Party won the upcoming 1892 UK general election, it might be given responsibilities in these additional areas.
| Party | Party | Votes | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Number | % | Stood | Seats | % |
| | Progressive | 135,368 | | 93 | 83 | |
| | Moderate | 108,976 | | 109 | 35 | |
| | Labour Progressive | | | 7 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Ind. Labour Party | | | 5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Independent | | | 8 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Independent Progressive | | | 5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Independent Labour | | | 5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Social Democratic Federation | 1,076 | | 3 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Liberal Unionist | | | 2 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Independent Radical | 1,060 | | 1 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Independent Moderate | | | 1 | 0 | 0.0 |
| | Conservative | | | 1 | 0 | 0.0 |
# Madame Aema 11

Madame Aema 11 (Korean: 애마부인 11) is a 1995 South Korean film directed by Joe Moung-hwa. It was the eleventh and final entry in the Madame Aema series, which holds the distinction of the longest-running film series in Korean cinema.
until 2016 was now been an attributed new generation madame aema 2016. (애마부인 2016)

## Plot

In this episode in the Madame Aema series, Aema is married to a respected scholar who is preoccupied with his research and unable to satisfy her sex drive. Aema's husband becomes the target of a Japanese businessman with ties to the yakuza. Seeking to take his research, the Japanese businessman blackmail Aema's husband by taping him in a compromising position with a young woman he has sent to seduce him. Meanwhile, Aema is indulging in an affairs of her own.

## Cast

* Lee Da-yeon: Madame Aema
* Lee Joo-cheol
* Joen Hae-yoeng
* Han Eun-jeong
* Cha Ryong
* Yu Ga-hui
* Kook Jong-hwan
* Na Dong-geun
* Choe Myeong-ho
* Jo Seok-hyeon
# March 1893 Serbian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Serbia in early March 1893. Although the People's Radical Party had won a large majority in the 1889 elections, by 1893 a Liberal government led by Prime Minister Jovan Avakumović was in place.
The Liberals and People's Radical Party both won 64 seats, with the Progressive Party winning four. However, Liberals had manipulated the elections, which would have otherwise resulted in a majority for the People's Radical Party. As a result, the People's Radical Party threatened to boycott the Assembly, meaning the quorum of 68 members could not be achieved.
A coup d'état was carried out by King Alexander on 13 April, with the Liberal government of Jovan Avakumović removed from office and replaced by a cabinet headed by Lazar Dokić and composed of People's Radical Party members. The National Assembly was dissolved, and fresh elections called.

## Results

64464 :
| Party | Party | Seats | +/– |
| | People's Radical Party | 64 | –46 |
| | Liberal Party | 64 | +49 |
| | Progressive Party | 4 | New |
| Total | Total | 132 | +15 |
| Source: The Times ||||
# Mithila Prasad Tripathi

Mithila Prasad Tripathi is a Sanskrit poet who won the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit for 2010 for his poetry. The Sahitya Akademi is India's national academy of letters that awards the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award, and the Sahitya Akademi Award for each language is considered the second-highest literary award in India and the highest award for that language. He also won Rashtrapati Award in 2017, for his work in Sanskrit Language.
He was the director of Kalidasa Akademi in Ujjain from 2007 to 2010. He is also the chairman of Maharshi Patanjali Sanskrit Pratishthan, Bhopal, and was on the advisory board of the World Samskrit Book Fair held in January 2010. Additionally, he has served on the Madhya Pradesh Sanskrit Board and on the Board of Management of the Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan. On Independence Day 2013, he was awarded a Certificate of Honour by the president of India, for contribution to Sanskrit.
Prof. Tripathi also served as Vice Chancellor in Maharshi Panini Sanskrit University, Ujjain providing education in Mythological fields.

## Works

* Balmiki Aur Prakrat Apbhransh Ram Sahitya, 2009. ISBN 978-81-7844-050-7.
# List of WHA broadcasters

After CBS lost the American television rights of the National Hockey League to NBC following the 1971-72 season (CBS was paying less than $2 million a year and NBC jumped to $5.3 million), the network covered the inaugural season of the World Hockey Association. The WHA's TV deal permitted it to sell week‐night games to other networks (CBS meanwhile, would show games on Sunday afternoons in addition the all-star game and playoffs). In addition, the WHA also sold a $3‐million package to Canada.
On January 7, 1973, CBS aired its first WHA game between the Minnesota Fighting Saints and Winnipeg Jets live from the new St. Paul Civic Center with Ron Oakes, Gerry Cheevers and Dick Stockton announcing. Don Chevrier would also provide play-by-play for CBS come the 1973 playoffs. CBS' contract with the WHA overall, called for the network to broadcast a maximum of 10 games during the 1972–73 and 1973–74 seasons and a bigger slate of games for the 1974–75 and 1975–76 seasons.

## Local broadcasters

| Team | Radio station | Radio announcers | Television station | Television announcers |
| Baltimore Blades | WCBM | | WMAR | |
| Birmingham Bulls | WAPI | Eli Gold | WBRC | |
| Calgary Cowboys | CFAC | Eric Bishop | CFAC | |
| Chicago Cougars | WTAQ | Howard Balson, Bud Kelly | WSNS | Brad Palmer (1972–73), Red Rush (1973–75), and Bobby Hull |
| Cincinnati Stingers | WKRC | Andy MacWilliams | WXIX | |
| Cleveland Crusaders | WWWE | Steve Albert (1972-75) and Lee Hamilton (1975-76) | WUAB | |
| Denver Spurs | KLZ | | KOA | |
| Edmonton Oilers | CJCA | Bryan Hall and Rod Phillips | CFRN | Al McCann and Bruce MacGregor |
| Houston Aeros | KIKK | | KHTV | Jerry Trupiano and Jack Stanfield |
| Indianapolis Racers | WNDE | Bob Lamey | WLWI | |
| Los Angeles Sharks | KNX | | KTTV | |
| Michigan Stags | WWJ | Gary Morrel and Norm Plummer | WXON | Vince Doyle and Marty Pavelich |
| Minnesota Fighting Saints | WLOL | Frank Buetel, Roger Buxton, Bill Allard, and Bob Halvorson | WTCN | Frank Buetel and Roger Buxton |
| New England Whalers | WHDH WTIC | Dave Martin, John Moynihan, Bill Rasmussen, Ron Ryan, Bob Neumeier, Dennis Randall, and John Hewig | WKBG WFSB Connecticut Public Television | John Carlson, Tim Horgan, Stan Fischler, Shirley Fischler, Bob Neumeier, Bill Rasmussen, Dennis Randall, and John Hewig |
| New York Golden Blades | WMCA | John Sterling and Fritz Peterson | WNEW | |
| Ottawa Civics Ottawa Nationals | CKOY | | TVOntario |
| Philadelphia Blazers | WIBG (Vancouver Blazers) (CJJC) | | WKBS | |
| Phoenix Roadrunners | KOY | Al McCoy | KPHO | |
| San Diego Mariners | KOGO | Roy Storey | KCST | |
| Toronto Toros | CFRB | William Stephenson | CKGN | |
| Winnipeg Jets | CJOB | Ken Nicholson and Don Wittman | | Don Wittman |
# 1898 Brazilian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Brazil on 1 March 1898. The result was a victory for Campos Sales of the Paulista Republican Party, who received 91% of the vote.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Campos Sales | Paulista Republican Party | 420,286 | 90.90 |
| | Lauro Sodré | Paraná Republican Party | 38,929 | 8.42 |
| Other candidates | Other candidates | Other candidates | 3,146 | 0.68 |
| Total | Total | Total | 462,361 | 100.00 |
| Source: Nohlen |||||
# 1904 Japanese general election

General elections were held in Japan on 1 March 1904. The Rikken Seiyūkai party remained the largest in the House of Representatives, winning 133 of the 379 seats.

## Electoral system

The 379 members of the House of Representatives were elected in 51 multi-member constituencies based on prefectures and cities. Voting was restricted to men aged over 25 who paid at least 10 yen a year in direct taxation.

## Results

| | Rikken Seiyūkai | 217,691 | 33.47 | 133 | –42 |
| | Kensei Hontō | 170,319 | 26.19 | 90 | +5 |
| | Kōshin Club | 55,709 | 8.57 | 39 | +8 |
| | Jiyu Club | 31,772 | 4.89 | 18 | New |
| | Mumei Club | 31,197 | 4.80 | 25 | New |
| | Teikokutō | 27,244 | 4.19 | 19 | +2 |
| | Others | 116,419 | 17.90 | 55 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 650,351 | 100.00 | 379 | +3 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 650,351 | 99.12 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 5,777 | 0.88 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 656,128 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 762,445 | 86.06 | | |
| Source: Mackie & Rose, Voice Japan ||||||
# 1523 in France

Events from the year 1523 in France

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Francis I

## Events

* June 8 -King Francis I bans the dispatch of money from the French court to Rome and expels the papal nuncio.
* Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, plotted against King Francis I allaying with the Habsburgs. The plot ultimately failed, and Charles fled France.

## Birth

* Archbishop of Rouen Charles de Bourbon 1523-1590April 5 - Blaise de Vigenère, French diplomat, translator and the creator of the Vigenère cipher.(d.1596)
* June 5- Margaret of Valois, Daughter of king Francis I, Duchess of Berry and Duchess of Savoy by marriage. (d.1574)
* September 22- Charles de Bourbon French nobleman and Archbishop of Rouen (d.1590)

## Deaths

* August 8- Jean Vallière, a French friar who was the first protestant executed on a charge of heresy in France.
# 1906 Tasmanian state election

The 1906 Tasmanian state election was held on 29 March 1906 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 35 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly.
John Evans became Premier of Tasmania on 12 July 1904 and was the incumbent premier at the election. At the election, Labour increased its seats to 7, and now held the balance of power.

## Results

| | Anti-Socialist | 12,160 | 39.27 | 14.78 | 15 | 2 |
| | Labor | 10,583 | 34.18 | 23.47 | 7 | 4 |
| | Protectionist | 4,922 | 15.89 | 34.66 | 9 | |
| | Independents | 3,302 | 10.66 | 3.59 | 4 | 2 |
| Total | Total | 30,967 | 100.00 | – | 35 | – |
# 1907 Victorian state election

The 1907 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on Friday, 15 March 1907 to elect 45 of the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. The other 20 seats were uncontested.
The election was in one member districts, using first past the post (plurality) voting.

## Background

Ministerialists were a group of members of parliament who supported a government in office but were not bound by tight party discipline. Ministerialists represented loose pre-party groupings who held seats in state parliaments up to 1914. Such members ran for office as independents or under a variety of political labels but saw themselves as linked to other candidates by their support for a particular premier or government.
The National Citizens' Reform League, led by Thomas Bent, had disbanded shortly after the 1904 state election, leading to the majority of Liberals and Conservatives sitting separately again.
Bent formed the United Liberal Party in February 1907. Without Liberal Ministerialists and Liberal Oppositionists competing against each other, three-sided contests were largely eliminated, causing Labor to lose the seats of Ballarat and Geelong.

## Results

Legislative Assembly (FPTP) :
| Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change |
| | United Liberal | United Liberal | 59,785 | 51.36 | +51.36 | 49 | 49 |
| | Labor | Labor | 40,044 | 34.40 | +1.85 | 14 | 3 |
| | Independent Ministerialists | Independent Ministerialists | 11,029 | 9.47 | +4.55 | 1 | 1 |
| | Independent Labor | Independent Labor | 2,795 | 2.40 | +1.03 | 1 | 1 |
| | Independent | Independent | 2,754 | 2.37 | +1.75 | 0 | |
| Formal votes | Formal votes | Formal votes | 116,407 | 99.41 | | | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | | 0.59 | | | |
| Total | Total | Total | | | | 65 | |
| Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | Registered voters / turnout | 261,080 | 61.27 | −9.70 | | |
# Phoebis sennae

Phoebis sennae, the cloudless sulphur, is a mid-sized butterfly in the family Pieridae found in the Americas. There are several similar species such as the clouded sulphur (Colias philodice), the yellow angled-sulphur (Anteos maerula), which has angled wings, the statira sulphur (Aphrissa statira), and other sulphurs, which are much smaller. The species name comes from the genus Senna to which many of the larval host plants belong.

## Distribution

Their range is wide, from South America to southern Canada, in particular southwestern Ontario. They are most common from Argentina to southern Texas, Georgia, and Florida, but are often visitors outside this range becoming more rare further north.

## Habitat

The common habitats of this butterfly are open spaces, gardens, glades, seashores, and watercourses.

## Diet

The adult butterfly feeds on nectar from many different flowers with long tubes including cordia, bougainvillea, cardinal flower, hibiscus, lantana, and wild morning glory. The larvae also feed on sennas and partridge peas.
Senna hebecarpa (American senna) is a larval host and nectar source for the cloudless sulphur butterfly in the Eastern United States.

## Life cycle

The breeding season is dependent on the climate of the area, from midsummer to fall in the cooler areas, to year-round where the climate is warmer.

### Egg

The cloudless sulphur starts off as a pitcher-shaped white egg. Eventually it will turn to a pale orange. The egg stage lasts six days.

### Caterpillar

Once the egg hatches, a caterpillar emerges that is yellow to greenish, striped on sides, with black dots in rows across the back. The host plant may be sensitive peas (Chamaecrista), sennas (Senna), clovers (Trifolium), or other legumes (Fabaceae). The caterpillar will usually grow to a length between 41 and 45 mm (1.6 and 1.8 in).

### Chrysalis

The caterpillar will form a chrysalis that is pointed at both ends and humped in the middle. The chrysalis will be either yellow or green with pink or green stripes. From the chrysalis comes a medium-sized butterfly (55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in)) with fairly elongated but not angled wings.

### Adult

The male butterfly is clear yellow above and yellow or mottled with reddish brown below and the female is lemon yellow to golden or white on both surfaces, with varying amounts of black spotting along the margin and a black open square or star on the bottom forewing. Wing spans range from 4.8 to 6.5 cm (approximately 1.9
to 2.6 in).
* Female
* Male
* Monsanto Insectarium, St. Louis Zoo
* Caterpillar
* Yellow version of caterpillar feeding on senna tree, Vista, California
* Chrysalis on senna tree, Vista, California
* Male P. s. marcellina in the Pantanal, Brazil
* Male P. s. marcellina in Panama, some males are unmarked

## Subspecies

Listed alphabetically:
* P. s. amphitrite (Feisthamel, 1839) – Chile
* P. s. sennae or P. s. eubule – Jamaica, South Carolina, Kansas, Virginia, Florida, Cuba

### Former subspecies

* P. s. marcellina (Cramer, [1779]) – Mexico, Uruguay, Galapagos, Suriname, Honduras, Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, Peru - elevated to full species status as Phoebis marcellina in 2020
# Year 6

Year 6 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. It is usually the sixth year of compulsory education and incorporates students aged between ten and eleven. It is generally the same as Fifth grade in the United States, although the birthday cutoff date varies for different countries and schools.

## Australia

In Australia, Year 6 is usually the seventh year of compulsory education and the last year of Primary School. Although there are slight variations between the states, most children in Year Six are aged between eleven and twelve.

## New Zealand

In New Zealand, Year 6 is the sixth year of compulsory education. Children entering this year group are generally aged between 9.5 and 11. Year 6 pupils are usually educated in primary schools or in area schools. For contributing primary schools, this is the last year, with students moving onto intermediate schools or combined intermediate and secondary schools, while full primary schools continue to Year 8.

## United Kingdom
### England

In schools in England Year 6 is the sixth year after Reception. It is the sixth full year of compulsory education, with children being admitted who are aged 10 before 1 September in any given academic year. It is also the final year of Key Stage 2 in which the National Curriculum is taught. It is also the year in which all students in maintained schools undertake National Curriculum tests (known as SATs) in the core subjects of English and Mathematics.
Year 6 is usually the final year of Primary or Junior School. In some areas of England, Year 6 is a year group in Middle school, which covers the year 5–8 or 4–7-year groups.
In some parts of England, where there remain separate Grammar and Secondary modern schools, students in Year 6 may sit a test for entrance into a Grammar school. The test is known colloquially as the Eleven plus exam.

### Wales

In schools in Wales Year 6 is the sixth year after Reception. It is currently the sixth full year of compulsory education, with children being admitted who are aged 10 before 1 September in any given academic year. It is the final year group in Key Stage 2.

### Northern Ireland and Scotland

In Northern Ireland and Scotland, the sixth year of compulsory education is called Primary 6, and pupils generally start at the age of 9 or 10.