OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Walled Lake Western High School

Walled Lake Western High School (also known as "Walled Lake Western," "Western," or "WLW"), is a public high school of the Walled Lake Consolidated School District, located in Commerce Township, Michigan in Greater Detroit. The school serves portions of the township, most of Walled Lake, most of Wixom and portions of Novi.

## History

Opened in 1969, Walled Lake Western was the second high school in Walled Lake. Western's mascot is the Warriors, and the school colors are Royal Blue and Silver (Scarlet was integrated as a school color from 1983 to 2004). Kirsten Haglund, who graduated in 2006, was named Miss America 2008. The International Baccalaureate program started in the 2012–2013 school year for grades 11 and 12.

## Academics

In 2009, Walled Lake Western High School was ranked in the top 5% of all schools in the nation by Newsweek magazine. The ranking is calculated by the "number of Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and/or Cambridge tests taken by all students at a school in 2008 divided by the number of graduating seniors." Beginning in the fall of 2013, Western will begin the International Baccalaureate Diploma program for 11th and 12th grade students as an alternative to AP Testing.

## Athletics

Western used to belong to the Kensington Lakes Activities Association. In 1984, the Warriors baseball team captured the school's first state championship. The football team won the state title in 1996, and again in 1999 (USA Today 11th ranked in country). Western was also a State finalist in 1992 and 2016. The Warriors are 35-time Walled Lake City Champions. Western's football team has made the playoffs 26 times and is currently on its 14th year straight. Their field is known as Warrior Stadium due to the school's nickname.

## Notable alumni

* David Booth – former NHL player
* Craig DeRoche – former Speaker of the Michigan House of Representatives
* Kirsten Haglund – Miss Michigan 2007 and Miss America 2008
* Josh Jones – NFL player for the Seattle Seahawks
* Matt Koleszar – Michigan State Representative
* Cam Vieaux - baseball player
* Cody White - NFL player for the Pittsburgh Steelers
* Randy Huntington Track and Field Coach - Coach of Mike Powell and Willie Banks - World Record Holders - Assistant Coach MSU -2005-2006 - Head Coach for Chinese National/Olympic team 2013-2022 - Su Bingtian - Wang Chunyu - Wang Jianan
# 1899 Birmingham North by-election

The 1899 Birmingham North by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the UK House of Commons constituency of Birmingham North on 14 February 1899.

## Vacancy

The vacancy was caused by the resignation of the sitting Liberal Unionist MP, the Rt Hon Alderman William Kenrick. Kenrick had held the seat since its creation in 1885, first as a Liberal and then as a Liberal Unionist. At the 1895 general election, Kenrick had defended the seat against Liberal opposition, holding it with nearly 80% of the poll.

## Candidates

William Kenrick was married to Mary Chamberlain, the elder sister of Joseph Chamberlain and the Liberal Unionists first offered the candidacy to another close associate of the Chamberlain family, Edward Nettlefold (1854-1909), a local manufacturer of screws and other goods, in partnership with Joseph Chamberlain,
but he turned down the approach. They next turned to John Throgmorton Middlemore, a 54-year-old former member of Birmingham City Council. Middlemore had trained as a solicitor but had never practised. He received income from a leather business and was the founder and chief benefactor of Middlemore Emigration Homes, an organisation which trained destitute children and settled them in Canada. On 25 January, the Liberal Unionists’ local Conservative allies passed a resolution congratulating Kenrick on being made a Privy Counsellor and voted to support Middlemore as the representative of Unionism in the forthcoming by-election.
The writ ordering the by-election was moved in Parliament on 8 February 1899 by Sir William Walrond, the government Chief Whip and was received by the Lord Mayor of Birmingham a day later. The 14 February was set for receipt of nominations.
The North Birmingham Liberals had done poorly against Kenrick in the two previous general elections in 1892 and 1895 and on 25 January they considered their position at a meeting of their Parliamentary Committee. They resolved that “...this committee, while asserting its loyalty to Liberal principles, is of the opinion, in view of the contest in 1895, and the acceptability, from a non-political standpoint, of the candidate chosen by the Liberal Unionists and Tories, and in view of the approaching general election, that the present time is not a suitable opportunity ...to contest the strength of political parties in North Birmingham.”
There being no other nominations therefore, Middlemore was returned unopposed.

## The result

Birmingham North by-election, 1899 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Unionist | John Throgmorton Middlemore | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal Unionist hold | Liberal Unionist hold | Liberal Unionist hold | Liberal Unionist hold | Liberal Unionist hold |
# Silesian University of Technology

The Silesian University of Technology (Polish name: Politechnika Śląska; Polish pronunciation:) is a university located in the Polish province of Silesia, with most of its facilities in the city of Gliwice. It was founded in 1945 by Polish professors of the Lwow Polytechnic, who were forced to leave their native city and move to the Recovered Territories (see also Kresy). In 2023, the prestigious Perspektywy Foundation ranked it as the 6th best university of technology and the 12th overall in Poland.

## Organization

Silesian University of Technology is organized into 13 faculties and 1 research institute:
* Faculty of Architecture,
* Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science,
* Faculty of Civil Engineering,
* Faculty of Chemistry,
* Faculty of Electrical Engineering,
* Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation,
* Faculty of Biomedical Engineering
* Faculty of Materials Engineering,
* Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering,
* Faculty of Applied Mathematics,
* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
* Faculty of Organization and Management,
* Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering,
* Institute of Physics - Centre for Science and Education
Ten of these are situated in Gliwice, two in Katowice and two in Zabrze.

## Affiliations

The university is affiliated with the following organizations:
* European University Association (EUA)
* European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI)
* The Innovation Cluster for Entrepreneurship Education of the Erasmus+ Programme
* Alliance of Universities for Democracy (AUDEM)
* Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies (TEMPUS)
* Erasmus Programme which evolved into the Socrates programme
* Leonardo da Vinci programme
* Central European Exchange Program for University Studies (CEEPUS)
* Index Copernicus
* European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)
* The EUREKA intergovernmental organization for research and development funding and coordination
# Cliff Lampe

Clifford Lampe is a Professor in the School of Information at the University of Michigan. He is best known for his research in the fields of human-computer interaction, social computing, and computer supported cooperative work. Since 2018 he has been Executive Vice President for ACM SIGCHI. Lampe made foundational contributions in the areas of social networking sites, social capital, and online communities, work that has been cited over 34,000 times according to Google Scholar.

## Education

Cliff Lampe was born in Michigan and attended Kalamazoo College for his undergraduate studies. He received a PhD at the University of Michigan in 2006 in the School of Information where he was advised by Paul Resnick. His thesis examined the effects of comment ratings on site participation on the website Slashdot. After graduating from the University of Michigan, Lampe became an assistant professor at Michigan State University in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences.

## Research, teaching, and service

Lampe currently advises graduate and undergraduate students in the areas of online harassment, incivility online, and civic engagement online. He has developed a citizen interaction course that partners students with local communities to design technologies that support community needs. Lampe received a grant from the National Science Foundation in 2009 to pursue his work on "the role of social network sites in facilitating collaborative processes". He received a grant from the University of Michigan Third Century Initiative in 2013 to support his Citizen Interaction project.
He is a frequent consultant, speaker, and guest lecturer on topics related to social media and online behavior. He is regularly cited in the press on topics like fake news, privacy, and trolling. He was the technical program chair for the 2016 ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and the General Co-Chair for the 2022 ACM SIGCHI Conference.

## Awards

In 2013, Lampe (with Eytan Adar and Paul Resnick) received a Google Award for his "MTogether: A Living Lab For Social Media Research" project.
In 2014, Lampe received the Joan Durrance Community Engagement Award for his Citizen Interaction Design program.
He was named as an ACM Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, "for contributions on social network systems, and outstanding leadership in the ACM SIGCHI community".

## Selected works

* 2007. "The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites". (with Nicole Ellison and Charles Steinfeld)
* 2008. "Social capital, self-esteem, and use of online social network sites: A longitudinal analysis". (with Charles Steinfeld and Nicole Ellison)
* 2004. "Slash (dot) and burn: distributed moderation in a large online conversation space". (with Paul Resnick)
# Pavel Kaloshin

Pavel Sergeyevich Kaloshin (Russian: Павел Сергеевич Калошин; born 13 March 1998) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Premier League for FC Anzhi Makhachkala on 1 March 2019 in a game against FC Orenburg, as a starter.
On 5 July 2019, he signed a 5-year contract with FC Akhmat Grozny and was immediately loaned to FC Torpedo Moscow for the 2019–20 season.
# Erika Hoffman

Erika Hoffman is an English actress known for portraying Lesley Bainbridge in the BBC sitcom Brush Strokes from series three onwards. When the Brush Strokes series ended, she joined fellow cast member Howard Lew Lewis in the Channel 4 comedy series Chelmsford 123, where she played Gargamadua.

## Career

In 1986, she played Anna, a 19-year-old pregnant German girl, in the Only Fools and Horses episode "From Prussia with Love". In the ITV comedy Room at the Bottom, she played secretary Nancy, alongside James Bolam and Richard Wilson.
In the Yorkshire Television 1986 comedy Home To Roost, she played April, a charity worker, alongside John Thaw and Reece Dinsdale. She also appeared in a minor role in Just Good Friends. She appeared in the 1990s soap opera Machair, playing Charlotte Van Agten. Hoffman appeared on stage and in television films such as Last Days of Patton and as "The Lady" in To Play the King.

## Filmography
### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1984 | Minder | Faith | Episode: "The Second Time Around" |
| 1984 | No Place Like Home | Sandra | 2 episodes |
| 1984 | Oxbridge Blues | Girl at picnic | Episode: "Sleeps Six" |
| 1984 | Just Good Friends | Karina | Episode: "Special" |
| 1985 | Jenny's War | Gerta | 4 episodes |
| 1986 | Hilary | Lois | Episode: "Over the Hill?" |
| 1986 | Only Fools and Horses | Anna | Episode: "From Prussia with Love" |
| 1986 | Fairly Secret Army | Nurse | Episode: "I've Got a Job for You" |
| 1986 | Home to Roost | April | Episode: "Plastic Dreamworld" |
| 1986 | The Last Days of Patton | Young Beatrice | Television film |
| 1986 | Lytton's Diary | Stephanie | Episode: "The Miracle Man" |
| 1986–1988 | Room at the Bottom | Nancy / Secretary | 7 episodes |
| 1987–1991 | Brush Strokes | Lesley | 26 episodes |
| 1988 | Chelmsford 123 | Gargamadua | 6 episodes |
| 1988 | Tales of the Unexpected | Suzie Anderson | Episode: "Mr. Know-All" |
| 1989 | Ball-Trap on the Cote Sauvage | Mrs. Topless | Television film |
| 1992 | Casualty | Helen Holloway | Episode: "Silent Night" |
| 1993 | To Play the King | The Lady | 4 episodes |
| 1994 | Machair | Charlotte Van Agten | 2 episodes |
| 1995 | The Final Cut | Princess | 2 episodes |
| 1996 | The Bill | Receptionist | Episode: "Black Money" |
# Hay rake

A hay rake is an agricultural rake used to collect cut hay or straw into windrows for later collection (e.g. by a baler or a loader wagon). It is also designed to fluff up the hay and turn it over so that it may dry. It is also used in the evening to protect the hay from morning dew. The next day a tedder is used to spread it again, so that the hay dries more quickly.

## Types

A hay rake may be mechanized, drawn by a tractor or draft animals, or it may be a hand tool. The earliest hay rakes were nothing more than tree branches, but wooden hand rakes with wooden teeth, similar in design to a garden rake but larger, were prevalent in the 19th and early 20th centuries, and still are used in some locations around the world. Hay rakes were among the first agricultural tools to become popular in the shift from human manual labor to animal labor in the 19th century.
The typical early horse-drawn hay rake was a dump rake, a wide two-wheeled implement with curved steel or iron teeth usually operated from a seat mounted over the rake with a lever-operated lifting mechanism. This rake gathered cut hay into windrows by repeated operation perpendicular to the windrow, requiring the operator to raise the rake, turn around and drop the teeth to rake back and forth in order to form the windrow. In some areas, a sweep rake, which could also be a horse-drawn or tractor-mounted implement, could then be used to pick up the windrowed hay and load it onto a wagon.
Later, a mechanically more complicated rake was developed, known as the side delivery rake. This usually had a gear-driven or chain-driven reel mounted roughly at a 45-degree angle to the windrow, so the hay was gathered and pushed to one side of the rake as it moved across the field. A side delivery rake could be pulled longitudinally along the windrow by horses or a tractor, eliminating the laborious and inefficient process of raising, lowering, and back-and-forth raking required by a dump rake. This allowed for the continuous spiraling windrows of a classic mid-20th-century farm hayfield. Later versions of the side delivery rake used a more severe transverse angle and a higher frame system, but the basic principles of operation were the same.
Still later, a variety of wheel rakes or star wheel rakes were developed, with 5, 6, 7 or more spring-tooth encircled wheels mounted on a frame and ground driven by free-wheeling contact as the implement was pulled forward. These rakes were variously promoted as being mechanically simpler and trouble-free, gentler on the hay than a side-delivery rake, and cheaper to operate.
Currently a newer design called the rotary rake is in common use in Europe, and less frequently seen in the United States and Canada.
* A 19th-century hand-tool hay rake
* A late version of the side delivery rake
* A wheel rake
* A rotary rake
* A pick-up belt rake ("continuous belt merger")
* Wheel-finger rake (in folded transport position) for raking hay or straw into windrows for the baler

## List of notable manufacturers

* New Holland
* Claas
* Molon
* Fella
* Kverneland with the Brands Vicon and Deutz-Fahr
# Ministry of Evkaf

The Ministry of Evkaf (Ottoman Turkish: اوقاف همایون نظارتی; Turkish: Evkaf-ı Hümâyun Nezâreti) was an Ottoman Empire ministry in charge of awqaf (evkaf), administering waqfs (then known in Western languages as "vakouf", from the Turkish name). It was upgraded to a ministry in 1840 after being initially created in the century as the Bureau of Imperial Administration of Evkaf (French: Bureau d'Administration impériale de l'Evkaf).
# Juillard

Juillard may refer to:

## People

* André Juillard (1948-2024), French comic artist
* Charles Juillard (born 1962), Swiss politician
* Étienne Juillard (1914-2006), French geographer and scientist
* Marie-Ernestine Juillard (1885-1963), French heroine of World War I
* Nadine Juillard (1954-2016), French professional footballer

## Others

* Juilliard School, private performing arts conservatory in New York City
# Hame Faiva

Epalahame Faiva (born 9 May 1994) is a New Zealand-born Italian rugby union player who plays as a hooker for Bath Rugby in Gallagher Premiership.

## Early career

Born and raised in Auckland, Faiva attended Wesley College in the city and while there played for the Eden Rugby Club before later trying out rugby league. During his time at Wesley College, he also played representative rugby for Counties Manukau before shifting south to Waikato where he was a member of their academy and also played under-20 rugby.

## Club career

Faiva made his senior debut for Waikato in a Ranfurly Shield defense against Heartland Championship side Horowhenua-Kapiti in July 2013, aged just 19. He made his national provincial championship bow later in the year, but that was to be his sole appearance at that level in 2013. The following year brought more game time as he played 8 times and scored 2 tries as he began to establish himself as the Mooloo's first choice in the number 2 jersey. He subsequently played all 20 of Waikato's Premiership matches across the 2015 and 2016 seasons, 17 of these appearances came from the start and he also added 2 tries to his career total. From 2013 to 2017, he played for Waikato in the Mitre 10 Cup.
Several seasons of solid performances at provincial level were rewarded when he was named in the Blues squad ahead of the 2017 Super Rugby season.
On 13 November 2017, Fava leaves home to sign for Italy team Benetton in the Pro14 from the 2017–18 season. He played with Benetton until 2021−2022 season.
He recently played for Worcester Warriors in Premiership Rugby but had his contracted terminated along with every other Warriors player on 5 October 2022.
In March 2023 he was named in Hurricanes squad for Round 5 of 2023 Super Rugby Pacific season. He played with Super Rugby franchise until the end of the season.
On 17 November 2023, Faiva was signed by English side Bath with immediate effect on a undisclosed length deal, back in the Premiership Rugby.

## International career

Faiva was a member of the New Zealand Under-20 sides which competed in the 2013 and 2014 IRB Junior World Championships. He scored 4 tries in 8 appearances as the Kiwis finished in 4th and 3rd place respectively.
On the 14 October 2021, he was selected by Alessandro Troncon to be part of an Italy A 28-man squad for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals.
On the 31 October 2021, he was selected by Kieran Crowley to be part of an Italy 34-man squad for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals. On 20 October 2021 Faiva made his debut for Italy, scoring a try in Italy's 17–10 win over Uruguay.
On 22 August 2023, he was named in the Italy's 33-man squad for the 2023 Rugby World Cup.

### International tries

As of 20 November 2021
| Try | Opposing team | Location | Venue | Competition | Date | Result | Score |
| 1 | Uruguay | Parma, Italy | Stadio Sergio Lanfranchi | 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals | 20 November 2021 | Win | 17 – 10 |
# Now Look Here

Now Look Here is a BBC situation comedy which ran for two series of seven episodes each during 1971 to 1973. It was written by Barry Cryer and Graham Chapman.
It starred Ronnie Corbett, who played a character of the same name. He was cast in a similar role to his character in the later, longer-running and better-known situation comedy, Sorry!, as an overgrown mother's boy who was trying to break away from his mother (played by Madge Ryan) but having some difficulty doing so. However, it differs from the later series in that he does leave home after a few episodes, although his new home is only a few doors away, his father is deceased and he does not have any siblings. In the second series, he was married, his wife is played by Rosemary Leach. His boss was played by Donald Hewlett.
All episodes still exist, although one of these survived in the American NTSC standard, from which it has been converted.
# Gareth Stephens

Gareth Stephens (born 15 April 1974) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a stand-off or scrum-half in the 1990s and 2000s. He played at representative level for Great Britain (Under-21s), and Wales, and at club level for Leeds where he signed a record schoolboy contract and made his first team debut at the age of 17, Castleford Tigers, Hull FC, Sheffield Eagles and York Wasps.

## Background

Stephens was born in Pontefract, West Yorkshire, England, and he is the son of Gary Stephens, former rugby league international footballer of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Gareth Stephens is also the cousin of Dean Hanson, the rugby league prop, second-row, or loose forward of the 1980s and 1990s for Halifax and the Illawarra Steelers.

## Playing career
### Club career

Stephens started his career at Leeds, making his début in September 1991. He was signed by Castleford for £65000 in July 1994. He went on to play for Hull FC, Sheffield Eagles, Halifax Blue Sox and York Wasps.

### International honours

Stephens won caps at Great Britain academy and U21 level along with four caps for Wales between 1995 and 1998, including at the 1995 Rugby League World Cup.
# Erica carnea

Erica carnea, the winter heath, winter-flowering heather, spring heath or alpine heath, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to mountainous areas of central, eastern and southern Europe, where it grows in coniferous woodlands or stony slopes.

## Description

It is a low-growing, spreading subshrub reaching 10–25 centimetres (4–10 inches) tall, with evergreen needle-like leaves 4–8 millimetres (1⁄8–3⁄8 in) long, borne in whorls of four. The flowers are produced in racemes in late winter to early spring, often starting to flower while the plant is still covered in snow; the individual flower is a slender bell-shape, 4–6 mm (3⁄16–1⁄4 in) long, dark reddish-pink, rarely white.

## Taxonomy

The first published name for the species was Erica herbacea; however, the name E. carnea (published three pages later in the same book) is so widely used, and the earlier name so little, that a formal proposal to conserve the name E. carnea over E. herbacea was accepted by the International Botanical Congress in 1999.
The Latin specific epithet carnea means "flesh pink".

## Cultivation

Erica carnea was being cultivated in the United Kingdom as early as 1763. It is very widely grown as an ornamental plant for its winter flowering; over 100 cultivars have been selected for variation in flower and leaf colour. Unlike most species of Erica, which are typically calcifuges, it tolerates mildly alkaline as well as acidic soils, making it easier to grow in many areas. Like other species within the genus Erica it is often seen as groundcover amongst plantings of dwarf conifers.
The following cultivars, forms and hybrids have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:
* 'Adrienne Duncan'
* 'Ann Sparkes'
* 'Challenger'
* 'Eva'
* 'Loughrigg'
* 'March Seedling'
* 'Myretoun Ruby'
* 'Nathalie'
* 'Pink Spangles'
* 'Rosalie'
* 'Vivellii'
* 'Wintersonne'
* E. carnea f. alba (white-flowered):
** 'Golden Starlet'
** 'Ice Princess'
** 'Isabell'
** 'Springwood White'
* E. carnea f. aureifolia (golden-leaved):
** 'Foxhollow'
** 'Westwood Yellow'
* E. × darleyensis (E. carnea × E. erigena)
** 'Jenny Porter'