OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John M. Thurston

John Mellen Thurston (August 21, 1847 – August 9, 1916) was a United States Senator from Nebraska.
Thurston was born in Montpelier, Vermont, the son of Daniel Sylvester Thurston and Ruth (née Mellen). He moved with his parents to Madison, Wisconsin, in 1854 and two years later to Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. He attended the public schools and graduated from Wayland University in Beaver Dam, where he studied law. Thurston was admitted to the bar in 1869 and commenced practice in Omaha, Nebraska. He was a city councilman from 1872 to 1874 and the city attorney of Omaha from 1874 to 1877. Thurston then served in the Nebraska House of Representatives from 1875 to 1877.
He married Martha L. Poland (1849–1898) in 1872. After her death in 1898, he married Leodora "Lola" Purman in 1899.
He was appointed assistant attorney of the Union Pacific Railroad in 1877 and general solicitor in 1888. He was a presidential elector on the Republican ticket in 1880. In 1893, Thurston was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for United States Senator; he was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate two years later and served from March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1901. During his term, Thurston served as the chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Indian Affairs (Fifty-sixth Congress). He was not a candidate for reelection in 1901. He was appointed as the United States commissioner to the St. Louis Exposition in 1901. He moved to Washington, D.C., and resumed the practice of law; then in 1915, Thurston returned to Omaha and joined Edwin T. Morrison and Joseph Crow in the law firm of Thurston, Crow & Morrison. He practiced law in Omaha until his death there on from heat prostration on August 9, 1916. His remains were cremated at Forest Lawn Cemetery in Omaha and the ashes were interred in the Congressional Cemetery, Washington, D.C.
Between 1885 and 1890, his portrait was painted in Omaha by artist Herbert A. Collins.
Thurston County, Nebraska is named after him.
* Martha S. Poland
* Clarence Luther Thurston, son of John Mellen Thurston
* Grace and Jean Thurston, daughters of John Mellen Thurston
# Division of Diamond Valley

The Division of Diamond Valley was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria.
The division was created in 1969 and abolished in 1984. It was named for the Diamond Creek area. It was located in the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne, including Doncaster, Watsonia, Eltham and Templestowe. With the expansion of the Parliament in 1984, the Division was effectively split in two, the western half forming the new Division of Jagajaga, and the eastern half the Division of Menzies.
Always held by the government of the day, for most of its existence the seat was marginal between the Australian Labor Party and the Liberal Party. Its eastern half was strongly pro-Liberal, while its western half voted equally as strongly for Labor. This is reflected by the state of its successor seats; Menzies has been held at all times by the Liberals, while Jagajaga has been held at all times by Labor.

## Members

| Member | Party | Term | Notes |
| Neil Brown (1940–) | Liberal | 25 October 1969 – 2 December 1972 | Lost seat |
| David McKenzie (1933–) | Labor | 2 December 1972 – 13 December 1975 | Lost seat |
| Neil Brown (1940–) | Liberal | 13 December 1975 – 5 March 1983 | Served as minister under Fraser. Lost seat. Later elected to the Division of Menzies in 1984 |
| Peter Staples (1947–) | Labor | 5 March 1983 – 1 December 1984 | Transferred to the Division of Jagajaga after Diamond Valley was abolished in 1984 |
# M. V. V. Satyanarayana

M. V. V. Satyanarayana is an Indian politician and film producer. He founded MVV Cinema film production company. He is a member of the 17th Lok Sabha, representing Visakhapatnam constituency of Andhra Pradesh. He is member of the YSR Congress Party.

## Early life and education

Satyanarayana hails from Tanuku, West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. His is born to late Raghunayakulu Mullapudi and Paravatha Yardhanamma. He married Naga Jyothi and they have a son, Sarath. He did his graduation from a college affiliated to Andhra University. In June 2021, his wife and son were kidnapped for about 48 hours for ransom but police rescued them. He has a total assets of about Rs. 200 crore as declared to the Election Commission.

## Political career

Satyanarayana won from the Visakhapatnam Parliamentary constituency on YSR Congress party ticket by a margin of 4,414 votes. He is nominated again to contest the Visakhapatnam seat on YSRCP in the 2024 general elections.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Language | Notes |
| 2014 | Geethanjali | Telugu | |
| 2015 | Sankarabharanam | Telugu | |
| 2016 | Abhinetri | Telugu | |
| 2017 | Luckunnodu | Telugu | Acting debut |
| 2018 | Neevevaro | Telugu | Remake of Adhe Kangal |
| 2021 | Gully Rowdy | Telugu | |
| 2024 | Masthu Shades Unnai Raa | Telugu | As actor; Ranganathan |
| 2024 | Geethanjali Malli Vachindi | Telugu | |
# Denys Kuzyk

Denys Viktorovych Kuzyk (Ukrainian: Денис Вікторович Кузик; born 18 September 2002) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih.

## Club career
### Early years

Kuzyk started his career at DYuSSh Pidvolochysk under Valeriy Kolotiy.

### Dynamo Kyiv
#### Loan to Chornomorets Odesa

In July 2021, he joined Chornomorets Odesa on loan, making his league on 25 July against Desna Chernihiv.

#### Loan to Lviv

In January 2023 he went on loan to Lviv.
# 1932 Changma earthquake

The 1932 Changma earthquake occurred at 10:04:27 local time (02:04:07 UTC) on 25 December. With an estimated magnitude of 7.6 on the surface-wave magnitude scale, and a maximum felt intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale, the quake destroyed 1,167 houses and caused 275 to 70,000 deaths and 320 injuries.

## Tectonic setting

The earthquake was located close to the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. This area of thickened crust is a result of the ongoing collision of the Indo-Australian plate with the Eurasian plate. The way in which this zone accommodates the collision remains unclear with two end-member models being proposed. The first regards the crust as being made up of a mosaic of strong blocks separated by weak fault zones, the microplate model. The second regards the deformation as being continuous within the mid to lower crust, the continuum model. The change in width of the deformed zone along the collisional belt, with the narrow zone of western Tibet compared to the main part of the Tibetan Plateau, is explained as either lateral escape to the east along the Altyn Tagh and Karakorum faults in the microplate model or as the effect of the rigid Tarim Basin block causing heterogeneous deformation within a generally weaker lithosphere in the continuum model. At its northern end, the Altyn Tagh fault progressively loses displacement by its interaction with a series of WNW–ESE trending structures, mostly with components of reverse displacement and sinistral (left lateral) strike-slip. The Changma fault is one of those structures.

## Damage

The region stricken by this earthquake included the entire Changma Basin and the western part of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu province. The greatest damage occurred in Changma. In Gaotai, Jinta, Anxi and Dingxin part of the city walls and some buildings collapsed and many houses were damaged. In the town of Changma all 800 families were affected, 270 people died and at least another 300 were injured; deaths were also recorded in Gaotai (3) and Jinta (2).

## Characteristics

A surface rupture of about 116 km was identified after the earthquake, including five separate fault segments, the largest rupture observed for a reverse-slip event in Asia in the twentieth century. Four of the segments that ruptured were reverse faults, the fifth was a strike-slip fault. Vertical offsets of more than a metre were observed on most of the segments, with a maximum of 5 m.

## Seismic hazard implications

The 1932 Changma earthquake shows that apparently separate mapped intracontinental reverse faults may rupture simultaneously in an earthquake. Estimates of the seismic hazard in an area based on the rupture of single reverse faults may lead to a major underestimate of the magnitudes of the largest possible earthquake.
# Campo Vía pocket

The battle of the Campo Vía pocket was a decisive engagement of the Chaco War between Paraguay and Bolivia which took place in December 1933. It was one of the most prominent battles of the Chaco War. Lt Col José Félix Estigarribia, with a massive force of several divisions of the Paraguayan Army, was able to surround two Bolivian divisions around the outpost of Alihuatá. The encircled troops were forced to capitulate due to lack of supplies on 11 December. Up to 2,000 Bolivian soldiers were killed and 7,000 captured. Barely 900 Bolivian troops escaped, led by Colonel Germán Bush. Subsequently, the Paraguayan troops expelled the Bolivian army from the eastern region of Chaco by the end of 1933, forcing the resignation of German General Hans Kundt from the Bolivian High Command.
# December 1937 Iraqi parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 18 December 1937 to elect the members of Chamber of Deputies.

## Background

After the assassination of Bakr Sidqi, the military leader of the 1936 coup d'état, Hikmat Sulayman's government resigned. Jamil al-Midfai was selected to form the new government. His government subsequently sought to dissolve the parliament that supported the coup d'état and Sulayman's government. Parliament was eventually dissolved on 26 August 1937.

## Results

Elections were held on 18 December 1937 amid public discontent with Sulayman's government and the military coup's leaders. Members of the former Sulayman government, leftists, pro-military candidates were defeated in the elections. The new parliament convened on 23 December 1937 and most members supported al-Midfai continuing as Prime Minister.

## Aftermath

The new parliament continued its meetings until the al-Midfai government resigned on 25 December 1937 and a new government was formed by Nuri al-Said. Due to disagreement within the new government, Parliament was dissolved again on 22 February 1939 and fresh elections were held in March 1939.
# Popular Front Incident

The Popular Front Incident (人民戦線事件, Jinmin sensen jiken) refers to the Imperial Japanese government's suppression of a perceived threat from socialists and communists after the fall of Nanjing during the Shōwa period. During the incident, approximately 400 people were arrested by the authorities between December 1937 and February 1938. Amongst those arrested during the incident were Kanson Arahata, Saburō Eda, Ryōkichi Minobe, Itsurō Sakisaka, Kōzō Sasaki, Mosaburō Suzuki, Minoru Takano, and Hitoshi Yamakawa.
# Samuel Friedrich Brenz

Samuel Friedrich Brenz (born in Osterburg, in the latter half of the 16th century; date and place of death unknown) was an anti-Judaism writer, himself born Jewish. He converted to Christianity in 1601 in Feuchtwangen, and wrote Jüdischer Abgestreifter Schlangenbalg (The Jewish Serpent's Skin Stripped), in which he bitterly attacked his former coreligionists, whom he accused of hating "the most pious and innocent Jew, Jesus Christ," and in which he denounced their religious literature. This book, divided into seven chapters, was published in Nuremberg in 1614, 1680, and 1715.
Solomon Ẓebi Hirsch of Aufhausen wrote a response in Yiddish, Yudisher teryak (The Jewish Antidote; Hanau, 1615), countering Brenz' accusations. He had it printed also in German and in Hebrew for the use of Christians as well as Jews. A new edition appeared in Altdorf in 1680, and a Latin translation by Johann Wülfer, together with the Schlangenbalg, was published in Nuremberg in 1681. Wülfer strongly defended the Jews against Brenz, criticising him for the plagiarism of Johannes Pfefferkorn that he exposed. A Hebrew translation under the title Ha-Yehudim, by Alexander ben Samuel, is extant in manuscript in the library of the University of Leyden.
# Juan López (cigar)

Juan López is the name of a cigar brand produced on the island of Cuba for Habanos S.A., the Cuban state-owned tobacco company.

## History

In 1876, Juan López Sena (aka Juan López Diaz) created the Juan López brand. producing cigars in Havana on Calle de Los Dragones. In 1908, the brand was passed to his heirs and was then sold to the Sociedad Cosme Del Peso y Cía in 1918, which owned the brand until the Cuban revolution. During its history, the brand has also been labeled Flor de Juan López, only to return to the original name in time.
In September 1960, the Cuban revolutionary government nationalized the Cuban cigar industry and seized the factory where Juan López cigars were manufactured. Production has resumed, and today all Juan López cigars are made by hand at the La Habana factory in Havana.

## Non-Cuban production

There is also a non-Cuban "Juan Lopez" cigar made with Nicaraguan tobaccos and marketed by Altadis S.A. (now owned by Imperial Tobacco) in several sizes.
# WSJG-LP

WSJG-LP ("St. John Paul The Great Radio") is a non-commercial low-power FM broadcasting station at 103.3 MHz in Tiffin, Ohio. It is the seventh Catholic station in the Toledo Diocese and is named in honor of Pope John Paul II who is now a canonized saint.

## History

The construction permit for WSJG-LP was granted by the FCC on February 12, 2014. Test transmissions began on January 1, 2015 and ended on January 27, 2015 when regular programming commenced.
WSJG airs Catholic programming from EWTN Global Catholic Radio for Tiffin and surrounding communities in Seneca County. Between signing on air and the completion of its local studio in May 2015, the station aired EWTN via an audio feed of Toledo-based Annunciation Radio (originated by WNOC). With the studio in operation, WSJG-LP also began producing local Catholic programming.

## Callsign history

The WSJG call letters were previously used briefly in 1991 at a gospel music-formatted station at 104.3 FM in Hamlet, North Carolina which is now WJSG.
# Charlotte Bill (filmmaker and musician)

Charlotte Bill is a British filmmaker and musician.

## Films

Directed by Charlotte Bill include:
* Windmill Mural Re-Vamp (2017)
* The Last Clarion House (2018)
* Versailles 1919 Return of the Dangerous Women (2019)
* Nuclear Dawn Rising (2021)
* Right to Roam (2023)

## Music

Charlotte Bill performs flute, oboe and other instruments on:
* The Fates: Furia (1986)
* The Fall: Extricate (1990)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Reliquary (1992)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Blasphemous Rumours (1992)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Magnetized Light (1993)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Glossolalia (1994)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Binary Tribe (1994)
* Nocturnal Emissions: Friction and Dirt (1996)
* The Blue Orchids: Mystic Bud (2004)
* The Blue Orchids: The Battle of Twisted Heel (2016)
# Marco Oneto

Marco Antonio Oneto Zúñiga (born 3 June 1982) is a Chilean-Italian retired handball player. He retired from club handball in 2018 but still plays for the chilean national team.

## Honours

* FC Barcelona
** 1 EHF Champions League (2010–11)
** 1 Liga ASOBAL (2010–11)
** 2 Copa del Rey (2008–09), (2009–10)
** 2 Liga Pirineos (2009–10), (2010–11)
** 1 Supercopa de España (2009–10)
** 1 Copa ASOBAL (2009–10)
# The Co-Optimists

The Co-Optimists was a stage variety revue that opened in London on 27 June 1921. The show was devised by Davy Burnaby. The piece was a co-operative venture by what The Times called "a group of well-known musical comedy and variety artists" presenting "an all-star 'pierrot' entertainment in the West-end." It opened at the small Royalty Theatre and soon transferred to the much larger Palace Theatre. The show ran initially for 500 performances; it was completely rewritten and revived at regular intervals to keep it fresh. The final edition, beginning in November 1926 and closing on 4 August 1927, was the 13th version.
The Co-Optimists provided an early platform for the comedy actor and singer Stanley Holloway, and brought him wider notice throughout the UK. In 1929 the revue was made into a feature film with the same title, again starring Holloway. In December 1926, Lee DeForest filmed Betty Chester singing "Pig-Tail Alley" in a short film, Betty Chester, the Well-Known Co-Optimist Star, made in his Phonofilm sound-on-film process.

## Music and lyrics

The show's music and lyrics were written by Melville Gideon, Clifford Grey, Irving Berlin, Philip Braham, Vivian Ellis, William Helmore, Ivy St Helier, Laddie Cliff, Austin Melford, Greatrex Newman, Arthur Schwartz and Clifford Seyler.

## Stage artists

The stage performers were George K. Arthur, Davy Burnaby, Betty Chester, Charles Childerstone, Gilbert Childs, Laddie Cliff, Mimi Crawford, Melville Gideon, Stanley Holloway, Mary Leigh, Elsa MacFarlane, Austin Melford, Phyllis Monkman, Herbert Mundin, Elsie Randolph, Cyril Ritchard, Babs Valerie and Clifford Witley.

## Film artists

Artists performing in the film were Davy Burnaby, Phyllis Monkman, Gilbert Childs, Laddie Cliff, Melville Gideon, Stanley Holloway, Betty Chester, Elsa MacFarlane, Peggy Petronella, and Harry S. Pepper.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 109

United Nations Security Council Resolution 109 was adopted on 14 December 1955. After being instructed by the General Assembly to consider the applications for membership of Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Ceylon, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Libya, Nepal, Portugal, Romania, and Spain, the Security Council recommended all 16 countries for admission to the United Nations.
The resolution was adopted by eight votes; Belgium, China and the United States abstained.
# Trakan Phuet Phon district

Trakan Phuet Phon (Thai: ตระการพืชผล, pronounced; Northeastern Thai: ตระการพืชผล, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the northern part of Ubon Ratchathani province, northeastern Thailand.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the northeast clockwise) Kut Khaopun, Pho Sai, Si Mueang Mai, Tan Sum, Don Mot Daeng, Lao Suea Kok of Ubon Ratchathani Province, Pathum Ratchawongsa and Phana district of Amnat Charoen province.

## History

The district dates back to the Mueang Phana Nikhon (พนานิคม), which was a subordinate of Mueang Ubon Ratchathani. As the district office was in Ban Khulu, the district was renamed Khulu in 1917. In 1939 it was renamed Phana Nikhom, and finally named Trakan Phuet Phon the following year. The name Trakan Phuet Phon refers to 'beautiful crops'.

## Administration

The district is divided into 23 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 235 villages (mubans). Trakan Phuet Phon is a sub-district municipality (thesaban tambon) which covers tambon Khu Lu and parts of tambon Kham Charoen. There are a further 22 tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai | Villages | Pop. |
| 01. | Khulu | ขุหลุ | 08 | 7,696 |
| 02. | Kradian | กระเดียน | 09 | 4,670 |
| 03. | Kasem | เกษม | 15 | 7,711 |
| 04. | Kutsakon | กุศกร | 09 | 3,581 |
| 05. | Kham Pia | ขามเปี้ย | 12 | 7,170 |
| 06. | Khon Sai | คอนสาย | 10 | 5,961 |
| 07. | Khok Chan | โคกจาน | 12 | 5,262 |
| 08. | Na Phin | นาพิน | 11 | 5,496 |
| 09. | Na Samai | นาสะไม | 13 | 6,048 |
| 10. | Non Kung | โนนกุง | 12 | 5,886 |
| 11. | Trakan | ตระการ | 09 | 6,877 |
| 12. | Tak Daet | ตากแดด | 10 | 2,977 |
| 13. | Lai Thung | ไหล่ทุ่ง | 12 | 8,370 |
| 14. | Pao | เป้า | 11 | 5,921 |
| 15. | Se Pet | เซเป็ด | 10 | 3,458 |
| 16. | Saphue | สะพือ | 08 | 5,034 |
| 17. | Nong Tao | หนองเต่า | 09 | 3,601 |
| 18. | Tham Khae | ถ้ำแข้ | 09 | 4,428 |
| 19. | Tha Luang | ท่าหลวง | 09 | 3,372 |
| 20. | Huai Fai Phatthana | ห้วยฝ้ายพัฒนา | 12 | 5,408 |
| 21. | Kut Ya Luan | กุดยาลวน | 07 | 3,436 |
| 22. | Ban Daeng | บ้านแดง | 09 | 2,827 |
| 23. | Kham Charoen | คำเจริญ | 09 | 5,397 |
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 183

United Nations Security Council Resolution 183, adopted on December 11, 1963, after the Secretary-General established a failed meeting between representatives of Portugal and those of African States, the Council again deprecated Portugal's failure to free its colonies though they said they would take Portugal's granting amnesty to all political prisoners as a sign of good faith.
The resolution was adopted with 10 votes and one abstention from France.
# 2024–25 Super Smash

2024–25 Super Smash may refer to:
* 2024–25 Super Smash (men's cricket)
* 2024–25 Super Smash (women's cricket)
# Bridled tern

The bridled tern (Onychoprion anaethetus) is a seabird of the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus comes from onux meaning "claw" or "nail", and prion, meaning "saw". The specific anaethetus means "senseless, stupid".

## Description

This is a medium-sized tern, at 30–32 cm in length and with a 77–81 cm wingspan similar to the common tern in size, but more heavily built. The wings and deeply forked tail are long, and it has dark grey upperparts and white underparts. The forehead and eyebrows are white, as is a striking collar on the hindneck. It has black legs and bill. Juvenile bridled terns are scaly grey above and pale below.
This species is unlikely to be confused with any tern apart from the similarly dark-backed sooty tern and the spectacled tern from the Tropical Pacific. It is paler-backed than that sooty, (but not as pale as the grey-backed) and has a narrower white forehead and a pale neck collar.

## Distribution and movements

This bird is migratory and dispersive, wintering more widely through the tropical oceans. It has markedly marine habits compared to most terns. The Atlantic subspecies melanopterus breeds in Mexico, the Caribbean and west Africa; other races occur around the Arabian Peninsula and in Southeast Asia and Australasia, but the exact number of valid subspecies is disputed. It is a rare vagrant to western Europe. These are the four subspecies listed by the IOC:
* O. a. melanopterus – (Swainson, 1837): Caribbean and West Africa.
* O. a. antarcticus – (Lesson, 1831): Red Sea, Persian Gulf and western Indian Ocean.
* O. a. anaethetus – (Scopoli, 1786): eastern Indian, and Pacific Oceans.
* O. a. nelsoni – (Ridgway, 1919): west coast of Mexico and Central America.

## Breeding

This species breeds in colonies on rocky islands. It nests in a ground scrape or hole and lays one egg. It feeds by plunge-diving for fish in marine environments, but will also pick from the surface like the black tern and the gull-billed tern. It usually dives directly, and not from the "stepped-hover" favoured by the Arctic tern. The offering of fish by the male to the female is part of the courtship display.

## Various views and plumages

* In non-breeding plumage
* Bridled tern, at rookery
* Juvenile on Lady Elliot Island, Queensland, Australia
* In flight Lady Elliot Island, Queensland, Australia
* Juvenile bathing at Perth Zoo
* Juvenile or adult with non-breeding plumage taking off from a sea debris perch during Pelagic expedition off coast of Malpe
* O. a. antarcticus after dive (composite)
* ID composite
* With egg in nest under boardwalk steps on Penguin Island, Western Australia
# Gracjan Horoszkiewicz

Gracjan Horoszkiewicz (born 18 March 1995) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a defender for SV Askania Schipkau.

## Club career

A product of Hertha BSC youth academy, Horoszkiewicz kicked off his career with reserves in 2011, playing till 2014. At the end of the contract he was linked with a move to Serie A with AS Roma. He instead joined Cracovia Kraków, but was released only after 3 months. After being released, he signed for Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała.

## International career

Horoszkiewicz made his debut for Poland U20 against Italy.