OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Altamaha Bridge

The Battle of Altamaha Bridge, also known as the Battle for the Doctortown Railroad Trestle, was an American Civil War engagement fought December 19, 1864, in Wayne County, Georgia, during Sherman's March to the Sea. The Confederate victory prevented Federal forces from destroying a vital railroad bridge during Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's siege of Savannah, keeping open Confederate supply lines to the city.
On December 1, 1864, the Fourth Brigade Georgia Militia under Brig. Gen. Henry Kent McCay arrived in Wayne County to prepare a defense of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad bridge over the Altamaha River. The Confederates built earthworks on the north bank of Morgan's Lake, which was bisected by the railroad and located just north of the river. On the southern side of the river, two 32-pounder rifled guns were mounted at Doctortown (also spelled Doctor Town), to sweep the bridge if attacked. A light gun mounted on an engine supported two companies of Confederate militia at Morgan's Lake.
On December 16, General Sherman, stalled outside Savannah, sent Union troops to destroy the railroad from the Ogeechee River all the way to the bridge. A brigade of Maj. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick's cavalry under Col. Smith D. Atkins attacked the bridge and destroyed a trestlework past Morgan's Lake, but was unable to capture the bridge or seize the Confederate battery at Doctortown on December 19. The Federals withdrew to the Ogeechee River.
# Troy L. Nunley

Troy L. Nunley (born 1964) is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California.

## Early life and education

Born in San Francisco, California, Nunley received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1986 from St. Mary's College of California. He received his Juris Doctor in 1990 from University of California, Hastings College of the Law.

## Career

Nunley served as a deputy district attorney in Alameda County from 1991 to 1994 and in Sacramento County from 1996 to 1999. He served in private practice as a sole practitioner from 1994 to 1996. He served as a deputy attorney general in the California Attorney General's office from 1999 to 2002. From 2002 to 2013, he served as a judge on the Sacramento County Superior Court. Nunley has served as a professor of Business Organizations at Lincoln Law School since 2006.

### Federal judicial service

On June 25, 2012, President Barack Obama nominated Nunley to be a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California, to the seat vacated by Judge Garland E. Burrell Jr. who assumed senior status on July 4, 2012. On September 19, 2012, the Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on his nomination and reported his nomination to the floor on December 6, 2012, by voice vote. On January 2, 2013, his nomination was returned to the President, due to the sine die adjournment of the Senate. On January 3, 2013, he was renominated to the same office. His nomination was reported by the Senate Judiciary Committee on February 14, 2013, by voice vote. He was confirmed by voice vote on the legislative day of March 22, 2013. He received his commission on March 26, 2013. He became the chief judge on September 17, 2024.
# Michael B. Thornton

Michael Bert Thornton (born February 9, 1954) is an American lawyer who serves as a senior judge of the United States Tax Court.

## Early life and education

Thornton was born on February 9, 1954, in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. He graduated summa cum laude from the University of Southern Mississippi with a Bachelor of Science in accounting in 1976. In 1977, he graduated from the same school with a Master of Science in accounting. In 1979, he graduated with a Master of Arts in English literature from the University of Tennessee. In 1982, he graduated with distinction with a Juris Doctor degree from Duke University School of Law, where he served on the Duke Law Journal, and was inducted into the Order of the Coif. He served as law clerk to Charles Clark, chief judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit from 1983 to 1984.

## Tax Court service

Thornton was appointed by President Bill Clinton as Judge of the United States Tax Court on March 8, 1998, for a fifteen-year term ending March 7, 2013. He has served as Chief Judge since 2012 (save for the period from March 8 through August 6, 2013). He was subsequently renominated by President Barack Obama on May 9, 2013, for an additional fifteen-year term, which was confirmed by the Senate on August 1, 2013. He assumed senior status on January 1, 2021.

## Accomplishments and employment

* Practiced law as an Associate attorney, Sutherland Asbill & Brennan, Washington, D.C., summer 1981, and 1982–1983
* Miller & Chevalier, Washington, D.C., 1985–1988
* Served as Tax Counsel, United States House Committee on Ways and Means, 1988–1993
* Chief Minority Tax Counsel, United States House Committee on Ways and Means, January 1995
* Attorney-Adviser, United States Department of the Treasury, February–April 1995
* Deputy Tax Legislative Counsel in the Office of Tax Policy, United States Department of the Treasury, April 1995 – February 1998
* Recipient of Treasury Secretary's Annual Award, United States Department of the Treasury, 1997
* Meritorious Service Award, United States Department of the Treasury, 1998
# Ostravar Brewery

Ostravar Brewery (Czech: Pivovar Ostravar) is a Czech brewery located in the city of Ostrava. Ostravar was founded in 1897 as a joint stock company in Moravská Ostrava, and the first beer here was brewed in 1898. In 1997 the brewery was acquired by Bass, after a merger with the company Pražské pivovary a.s, which also brews Staropramen. It is one of the few Czech breweries which produces a dry stout, branded Kelt.
For most of its history the beer was only sold locally around Ostrava and the Moravian-Silesian region. In 2016 the brewery opened its first restaurant, called Ostravarna, and started an initiative to start selling the beer in other parts of the Czech Republic.

## Products

* Ostravar Original – a pale draught beer with 4.1% ABV (in Czech: 10° or Výčepní).
* Ostravar Mustang – a pale lager with 4.9% ABV (in Czech: 11° or Ležák).
* Ostravar Premium – a pale lager with 5.1% ABV (in Czech: 12° or Ležák).
* Ostravar Gavora – a special edition 11.4° wheat beer with 5.0% ABV (in Czech:Pšeničné).
# Patrick J. Urda

Patrick Joseph Urda (born August 26, 1976) is an American lawyer who serves as a judge of the United States Tax Court.

## Early life

Urda grew up in South Bend, Indiana with four siblings -Kathleen, Anne, Elizabeth, and Michael-, where his father Richard was a tax lawyer and his mother Kathleen taught statistics at St. Mary's College. He is an Eagle Scout.

## Education

Urda graduated from St. Joseph High School in South Bend, Indiana. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in classics, summa cum laude, from the University of Notre Dame, where he was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. He received his Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School.

## Legal and academic career

At the start of his legal career, Urda spent three years in private practice and served as a law clerk to Judge Daniel Anthony Manion of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
From 2012 to 2015 Urda was a adjunct professor at American University Washington College of Law.

### Department of Justice career

Before becoming a judge, Urda held several positions with the United States Department of Justice Tax Division. He was counsel to the Deputy Assistant Attorney General, where he advised him and the Tax Division front office on legal and administrative issues facing the Division, particularly regarding appellate and settlement matters. He also served on two temporary detail assignments outside the Tax Division, at the Office of Legal Policy Nominations Counsel, and the Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development Assistance and Training. In addition, he was a member of the Tax Division's Appellate Section, which he joined in 2006.
While working in the Appellate Section, he litigated more than eighty appeals from the United States Tax Court and the United States District Courts and has presented oral argument on behalf of the United States in more than forty-five appeals, including arguments in each of the United States Courts of Appeals. He was also one of the principal drafters of the United States' successful brief in Hall v. United States, 566 U.S. 506 (2012).

## Awards

Urda is a five-time recipient of the Tax Division's Outstanding Attorney Award, and has received the IRS's Mitchell Rogovin Award.

## United States Tax Court service

On August 3, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Urda to serve as a Judge of the United States Tax Court, to the seat vacated by Judge Diane Kroupa, who retired on June 16, 2014. The Senate Finance Committee held a hearing on his nomination on June 12, 2018, and then reported his nomination unanimously on June 28, 2018. On August 28, 2018, his nomination was confirmed by voice vote. He assumed office as a judge on September 27, 2018.
# William A. Moorman

William Albert Moorman (born January 23, 1945) is a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims.
Born in Chicago, Moorman received a Bachelor of Arts in history and economics from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 1967, and a Juris Doctor from the University of Illinois College of Law in 1970, from which he was designated a Distinguished Graduate in 2000. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the United States Air Force through the Reserve Officers Training Corps in June 1970.
On active duty, Moorman rose to the grade of major general, last serving as the Judge Advocate General of the United States Air Force, the Air Force's highest-ranking uniformed lawyer. In that position he directed an active and reserve force of more than 2,500 uniformed and civilian attorneys. He was serving in that position at The Pentagon on September 11, 2001, when terrorists attacked the United States. During his career, he was the first staff judge advocate of the new joint-service U.S. Strategic Command and was the staff judge advocate of the air component for Operation Just Cause in Panama and the Bosnian operations in Europe. He was the only judge advocate ever to serve as the senior officer aboard Looking Glass, the nation's airborne nuclear forces command post. Moorman's military decorations include the Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster, the Joint Meritorious Service Medal, and the Meritorious Service Medal with four oak leaf clusters. He retired from the Air Force in April 2002, after 31 years of service.
In July 2002, Moorman joined the United States Department of Veterans Affairs and was named assistant to the secretary for Regulation Policy and Management. In this position he was a senior advisor to the secretary with principal responsibility for regulatory reform, leading the department's effort to overhaul its compensation and pension regulations.
In 2004, he was appointed by President George W. Bush as acting assistant secretary for management for the Department of Veterans Affairs. In that position, Moorman was responsible for managing the VA's $70 billion budget and all financial, budgetary, acquisition, real property, and logistics operations. He served as the chief financial officer, chief environmental officer, and chief acquisition officer for the VA during this period. He resigned that position in order to accept his appointment as an Appellate Judge.
In November 2004, President Bush appointed Moorman to the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims. Moorman was confirmed by the Senate on November 20, 2004.
Moorman and his wife, Bobbie, reside in Arlington, Virginia. They have a grown daughter and two grandchildren.
# Michael R. Barrett

Michael Ryan Barrett (born January 14, 1951) is a senior United States district judge in Ohio. Barrett practiced law for nearly 30 years before he was nominated by President George W. Bush and approved by the Senate to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio in 2006.

## Education

Barrett was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on January 14, 1951. He graduated from St. Xavier High School in 1969. He then attended Wabash College in Crawfordsville, Indiana, from 1969 to 1970, prior to enrolling at the University of Cincinnati. Barrett received a Bachelor of Arts degree in history there in 1974 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Cincinnati College of Law in 1977. He was admitted to the bar in Ohio the same year.

## Career

Barrett served as a state administrative hearing officer from 1977 until 1978, when he joined the Hamilton County Prosecutor's Office as an assistant prosecuting attorney and chief assistant. In 1984, he joined the firm Grayden, Head & Ritchey. He began as an associate and became partner at Grayden Head. In 1995, Barrett joined his brother Francis Barrett's firm, Barrett & Weber, and became a shareholder. He practiced at Barrett & Weber until his appointment to the bench.
Barrett served as chairman of the Hamilton County Republican Party from 2001 to 2005 and was instrumental in President Bush's Ohio victory in the 2004 presidential election.

### Federal judicial service

Barrett was nominated by President George W. Bush on December 16, 2005 to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. He was nominated to a seat vacated by Judge Walter Herbert Rice. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 1, 2006, and received his commission on May 5, 2006. He assumed senior status on February 15, 2019.
# Frederick J. Martone

Frederick James Martone (born November 8, 1943) is an American lawyer who serves as a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona.

## Early life and education

Born in Fall River, Massachusetts, Martone received a Bachelor of Science from College of the Holy Cross in 1965 and was in the United States Air Force from 1965 to 1969. He then received a Juris Doctor from Notre Dame Law School in 1972 and a Master of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1975. He was a law clerk to Edward F. Hennessey of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts from 1972 to 1973.

## Career

Martone was in private practice in Phoenix, Arizona from 1973 to 1985, during which time he was a staff attorney to the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts from 1974 to 1975.

## Judicial service

Martone was a judge on the Superior Court of Arizona from 1985 to 1992, and a justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona from 1992 to 2001.
On September 10, 2001, Martone was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Arizona vacated by Roger Gordon Strand. Martone was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 13, 2001, and received his commission on December 21, 2001. He took senior status on January 30, 2013.
# List of accounting roles

Many accountants in the United States are not certified, particularly those who work in corporate America. They may be referred to as bookkeepers, accountants, junior accountants, staff accountants, senior accountants, or accounting supervisors, depending on their level in the management duties and their position in the corporate hierarchy. An accountant is a generic term which can refer to any of the below classifications.

## Controller

In a corporate environment, a controller supervises all other accounting staff and usually reports to a chief financial officer or director of finance.

## Accounting Manager

A mid to upper-level manager and accounting professional who oversees staff accountants and/or accounting supervisors or junior accountants. They may or may not be a CPA, but are almost always required to have a bachelor's degree.

## Accounting Supervisor

An upper-level accounting professional who directly oversees one or more accounting specialists. Similar to an accounting manager, they are usually subordinate to the manager, or report directly to the controller or CFO. In addition to their supervisory role, they will be responsible for monitoring and approving the financial processes and reporting of their department.

## Senior Accountant

An upper-level accounting professional who usually reports directly to a controller or assistant controller or, in the public accounting world, one of the partners. They will almost always have a bachelor's degree, and sometimes a master's. They may even have their CPA, or be a CPA candidate. In addition to general accounting duties, they help company's management to analyze the economic health of the organization, usually through timely financial reports and counsel. They may or may not have supervisory responsibilities over junior accountants and/or clerical personnel.

## Staff Accountant

A mid-level accounting position between junior accountant and senior accountant. At public accounting firms, staff accountant may be an entry-level position. Staff accountants typically have bachelor degrees but are not necessarily Certified Public Accountants. Typical duties of a staff accountant include preparing journal entries and reconciliations. Staff accountants may also perform duties such as accounts payable and accounts receivable. A corporate staff accountant typically reports to a controller or accounting manager.

## Junior Accountant

An entry-level accounting position, usually reporting to any of the higher level accounting positions, or in smaller companies, to the controller. They may or may not have a bachelor's degree, and their main responsibilities will usually include reconciling accounts and preparing preliminary reports.
# Allen Rice

Allen Troy Rice (born April 5, 1962) is an American former professional football player. He played running back for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Minnesota Vikings and Green Bay Packers.
# Dalibor Karvay

Dalibor Karvay is a Slovak violinist and pedagogue at Musik und Kunst Privatuniversität der Stadt Wien.

## Biography

Karvay was born on 24 July 1985 in Vrútky, Slovakia. At the age of three, he started playing the violin under the guidance of his father. During his studies at the Primary Art School in Vrútky, he made several recordings for the Slovak Radio in Bratislava. After the special study, under the guidance of professor Bohumil Urban, he graduated at the Žilina Conservatoire and from 1999 he studied at the Vienna at the Conservatoire in the class of the renowned professor Boris Kuschnir. He also took part in numerous masterclasses led by famous pedagogists - Euduard Grach, Mintscho Mintschev and Herman Krebbers.
In 2004 Karvay’s long-lasting and complicated search for the right instrument was shown in the international documentary Stradivari - Search for Perfection. Besides his concert career Karvay is teaching at the Music and Arts University of the city of Vienna.

## Awards

His biggest successes include winning the Young Musicians meeting in Córdoba in 1996, Eurovision Young Musicians 2002, the first prize in the competition of Tibor Varga in 2003, the International Tribute of Young Interprets - New Talent in 2005 as well as his victory in the competition of David Oistrach in Moscow in 2008. Worthy of mentioning is also a concert for Prince Charles of Wales in the Windsor Castle in 2003 together with Mstislav Rostropovič. Karvay repeatedly accepted the invitation to Seiji Ozawa International Academy in Switzerland.
He was awarded the Prize of the Minister of Culture of the Slovak Republic in 2009 for outstanding artistic performance and successful international representation of the Slovak interpretative art. The Foundation of Tatra Bank granted him the Young Creator Award in the music category.

## Career

As a soloist he has worked with many renowned conductors such as Leif Segerstam, Ion Marin, Hiroyuki Iwaki, Jaap van Zweden, Marek Janowski, Alexander Rahbari, Roman Kofman, Benjamin Wallfisch, Ondrej Lenárd, Oliver Dohnányi, Leoš Svárovsky, etc. His cooperation with orchestras also makes an impressive Rundfunk-Symfonie Orchester Berlin, English Chamber Orchestra, Camerata Salzburg, Orchestra Ensemble Kanazawa, Czech Philharmonics, Nationaltheater-Orchester Mannheim, Radio-Symphonie Orchester Wien, Wiener Kammerorchester, Het Gelders Orkest, Solistes Européens Luxembourg, Slovak Philharmonics, Symphonic Orchestra of the Slovak Radio, state Chamber Orchestra Žilina, etc. He is also intensely involved in playing chamber music, collaborating with excellent musicians such as Radek Baborák, Julian Rachlin, Wenzel Fuchs, Boris Kuschnir, Daniel Buranovský and others.
# Earl Watkins

Earl Thomas Watkins, Jr. (January 29, 1920, in San Francisco – July 1, 2007, in San Francisco) was an American jazz drummer.
Watkins was a percussionist in a United States Navy band during World War II, and returned to San Francisco after the war. He played with Wilbert Baranco in 1946 and did extensive work as a sideman and session musician in the 1950s, including with Kid Ory, Flip Phillips, Muggsy Spanier, and Bob Scobey. He joined Earl Hines's ensemble in San Francisco, touring and recording with him until 1961.
# Stephen family

The Stephen family is a prominent legal dynasty in Australia that has produced a number of judges and jurists. Members include:
* John Stephen (1771–1833), commissioner of the Courts of Requests in New South Wales, solicitor-general, judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales.
* Sidney Stephen (1797–1858), son of John (1771–1833), a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand.
* John Stephen, (1798–1854), son of John, alderman for the City of Melbourne.
* Sir Alfred Stephen KCMG CB (1802–1894), son of John (1771–1833), Lieutenant-Governor of NSW and Chief Justice of NSW.
* Francis Pasmore Stephen (1804–1837), son of John (1771–1833), solicitor in Sydney, and proprietor of the Australian newspaper.
* George Milner Stephen (1812–1894), son of John (1771–1833), advocate-general and crown solicitor in South Australia in 1838.
* Francis John Sidney (Frank) Stephen (1822–1895), solicitor to the Melbourne City Council.
* James Wilberforce Stephen (1822–1881), judge of the Victorian Supreme Court.
* Montagu Stephen (1827–1872), son of Alfred, Solicitor, member for Canterbury in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.
* Sir Henry Stephen (1828–1920), son of Alfred, politician and Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales.
* Edward Milner Stephen (1834–1894), son of Alfred.
* Harold Stephen (1841–1889), son of George Milner, member for Monaro."death of Mr Harold Stephen". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2 December 1889. p. 7 – via National Library of Australia.
* Cecil Bedford Stephen K.C. (died 1910), sixth son and associate of Alfred.
* Septimus Stephen (1842–1901), seventh son of Alfred, founder of the law firm Stephen, Jaques and Stephen.
* Robert Campbell Stephen (1867–1947), son of Septimus, Brigadier-general in the British Army.
* Edward Milner Stephen (1870–1939) son of Edward Milner, NSW supreme court judge 1929–1939.
* Sir Colin Campbell Stephen (1872–1937) son of Septimus, joined his father's lawfirm Stephen, Jaques and Stephen.
* Adrian Consett Stephen MC (1894–1918), son of Consett, grandson of Montague, awarded the Croix de Guerre at the Somme and the Military Cross at Passchendaele before being killed in action in Ypres.
* Sir George Stephen QC (1794 – 20 June 1879) was a British solicitor, barrister, author and anti-slavery proponent, practiced at the Victorian Bar, father of James Wilberforce Stephen and nephew of John Stephen.
Sir Ninian Stephen, a Justice in the High Court and Governor-General of Australia does not appear to have been related.