OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alfred Leopold Luongo

Alfred Leopold Luongo (August 17, 1920 – July 19, 1986) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

## Education and career

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Luongo attended Germantown High School and received a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1941. He served as a Technical Sergeant in the United States Army during World War II, from 1942 to 1946. After the war, he received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1947, and was a law clerk for the Court of Common Pleas in Philadelphia from 1948 to 1949. He clerked again for Judge Thomas James Clary of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania from 1949 to 1952. Luongo became an Assistant United States Attorney of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania from 1952 to 1953, then entered private practice at the firm of Blank Rome Comisky & McCauley in Philadelphia until 1961. He was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1959 and served there from 1960 to 1961.

## Federal judicial service

On September 14, 1961, Luongo was nominated by President John F. Kennedy to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania created by 75 Stat. 80. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 21, 1961, and received his commission on September 22, 1961. He served as Chief Judge from 1982 until his death on July 19, 1986.

### Notable case

One of Luongo's more noteworthy cases was in 1979, when he ruled during the gas crisis that gas station owners could not show favoritism toward regular customers.
# Frederick Alvin Daugherty

Frederick Alvin Daugherty (August 18, 1914 – April 7, 2006) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma and the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma.

## Education and career

Born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Daugherty received a Bachelor of Laws from Cumberland University (now the Cumberland School of Law at Samford University) in 1933. He entered private practice of law in Oklahoma City from 1937 to 1940. He was in the United States Army as a Commanding Officer from 1940 to 1946. He was in private practice in Oklahoma City from 1946 to 1950. He was again in the United States Army as a Commanding Officer from 1950 to 1952. He was in private practice in Oklahoma City from 1952 to 1955. He was a Judge of the Seventh Judicial District Court of the State of Oklahoma from 1955 to 1961.

### Federal judicial service

Daugherty received a recess appointment from President John F. Kennedy on October 5, 1961, to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma and the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma, to a new joint seat created by 75 Stat. 80. He was nominated to the same seat by President Kennedy on January 15, 1962. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 7, 1962, and received his commission on February 17, 1962. He served as Chief Judge of the Western District from 1972 to 1982 and as Chief Judge of the Eastern District from 1973 to 1975. He assumed senior status on January 12, 1982. He served as a Judge of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court from 1981 to 1988 and as a Judge of the Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals from 1982 to 1993. His service was terminated on April 7, 2006, due to his death.
# Gustavus Finkelnburg

Gustavus Adolphus Finkelnburg (born Gustav Adolf Finkelnburg, German pronunciation:; April 6, 1837 – May 18, 1908) was a United States representative from Missouri and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri.

## Education and career

Born on April 6, 1837, near Cologne, Prussia, Finkelnburg immigrated to the United States in 1848 with his parents, who settled in St. Charles, Missouri. He attended St. Charles College, then graduated from the Cincinnati Law School (now the University of Cincinnati College of Law) in 1859. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in St. Louis, Missouri starting in 1860. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1864 to 1868, serving as Speaker pro tempore in 1868.

## Congressional service

Finkelnburg was elected as a Republican from Missouri's 2nd congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 41st United States Congress and as a Liberal Republican to the 42nd United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1869 to March 3, 1873.

## Federal judicial service

Finkelnburg received a recess appointment from President Theodore Roosevelt on May 20, 1905, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri vacated by Judge Elmer B. Adams. He was nominated to the same position by President Roosevelt on December 5, 1905. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 12, 1905, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on March 31, 1907, due to his resignation.

## Death

Finkelnburg died on May 18, 1908, aged 71, in Denver, Colorado. He was interred in Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis.
# Otole dance

The Otole is a traditional war dance of the Acholi people. Its purpose is to teach young Acholi what to expect during combat. Participants include men and strong women aged 30-50 years.

## Purposes

The Otole served a number of purposes, including:
* Physical preparation for combat
* Practicing attack formations and strategies.
* Emotional preparation for combat and violence
* Raising public support for proposed combat

## Description

The Otole was organized at the call of a chief. The dance included victory dances and fake fights. During the Otole, men wear leopard skins and ostrich feathers, and carry horns, shields, and spears. Women carry small wooden axes or unsharpened sticks.
A lead woman singer initiates the dance with kigila, or ululations, and the lead man begins the owoc, or mock fight. The Otole is accompanied by drums, and participants sing or yell war songs.
During the dance, women for a procession that it flanked by men, symbolizing the expectation that men ensure the safety of women.
# Kaštel Sućurac

Kaštel Sućurac (pronounced) is a town within the administrative area of Kaštela in Dalmatia, Croatia. Kaštel Sućurac is first of its 7 kastels from East. Patron saint of the town is Saint George (Sv. Jure locally).
A noted element of the ancient history of this region is Diocletian's Palace in nearby Split, which structure was constructed in the period 293 to 305 .

## History

In Kaštel Sućurac stands the oldest defensive fortress built in 1392 by A. Gvaldo the Archbishop of Split. to protect peasants from the settlement Putalj which was situated on the slopes of Kozjak, near the little church of St. Juraj. Additional building formed a settlement by the sea.
Archbishop Averaldo built his summer residence in 1488, and castle gets its final form in 1509. The oldest center of Sućurac is Kaštilac, a yard of fortified palace – villa with the south wall opened by lavishly decorated windows in High Gothic style. Unlike other villages the square is here formed on the south side of the summer residence. Today, there is the exhibition room "Podvorje" where one part of archeological artifacts from Putalj is held.
Only the bell tower remained of the parish church built in the 16th century after Allied bombing in 1943. Kaštel Sućurac was bombed on 5 and 6 December 1943 by the Allies. In the attack, a parish church from the 16th century was destroyed, resulting in the deaths of 67 locals, including the parish's priest. On 13 December, another 38 were killed. In the communist Yugoslav era, the victims of the bombing were declared victims of fascism, which lasted until democratic changes in Croatia in 1990. In 2007 the town raised a monument to the victims.
# Randle Jasper Smith

Randle Jasper Smith (July 25, 1908 – January 8, 1962) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri.

## Education and career

Born in Campbell, Missouri, Smith received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Missouri in 1931. He was in private practice in Springfield, Missouri from 1931 to 1956. He was a member of the Missouri Senate from 1943 to 1954.

## Federal judicial service

On June 5, 1956, Smith was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri vacated by Judge Charles Evans Whittaker. Smith was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 2, 1956, and received his commission the next day. He served as Chief Judge from 1961 until his death on January 8, 1962.
# William Corwin Stuart

William Corwin Stuart (April 28, 1920 – August 12, 2010) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court, and United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa.

## Early life and education

Born in Knoxville, Iowa, Stuart received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Iowa in 1941, followed by a Juris Doctor from the University of Iowa College of Law in 1942. He was a Lieutenant in the United States Naval Air Corps during World War II, serving from 1943 to 1945.

## Career

Stuart operated a private legal practice in Chariton, Iowa, from 1946 to 1962, serving as a city attorney of Chariton from 1947 to 1949. He was a member of the Iowa Senate from 1953 to 1961. He became a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court on October 15, 1962, serving until he resigned November 8, 1971, following his appointment to the federal bench.
On October 13, 1971, Stuart was nominated by President Richard Nixon to a seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa vacated by Judge Roy Laverne Stephenson. Stuart was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 28, 1971, and received his commission on November 1, 1971. He served as Chief Judge from 1977 to 1985, assuming senior status on April 30, 1986.

## Death

Stuart died in Chariton on August 12, 2010, at the age of 90.
# Floyd Robert Gibson

Floyd Robert Gibson (March 3, 1910 – October 4, 2001) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and was previously a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri.

## Education and career

Born in Prescott, Arizona Territory Gibson received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Missouri in 1931 and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Missouri School of Law in 1933. He was in private practice in Independence, Missouri from 1933 to 1937, and in Kansas City, Missouri from 1937 to 1961. He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1940 to 1946, and of the Missouri Senate from 1946 to 1961, serving as President pro tem from 1957 to 1961. He was also a counselor to Jackson County, Missouri from 1942 to 1944.

## Federal judicial service

Gibson was nominated by President John F. Kennedy on August 17, 1961, to the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri, to a new seat authorized by 75 Stat. 80. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 30, 1961, and received his commission on August 30, 1961. He served as Chief Judge from 1962 to 1965. His service terminated on June 20, 1965, due to elevation to the Eighth Circuit.
Gibson was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson on May 18, 1965, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit vacated by Judge Albert Alphonso Ridge. He was confirmed by the Senate on June 8, 1965, and received his commission on June 8, 1965. He served as Chief Judge from 1974 to 1979. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1979. His service terminated on October 4, 2001, due to his death in Kansas City, Missouri.
# Iboyaima Khuman

Iboyaima Khuman (born 1 March 1953) is a prominent Shumang Kumhei (Courtyard theatre) artist born in Manipur, India. He has been conferred best actor, best director awards in his long journey in Shumang Kumhei, a unique traditional Manipuri Art form not found in any parts of the globe.

## Early life

Iboyaima Khuman grew up as a timid and reserved boy since childhood. He did his primary education at Uchekon Takhok Mapal High School and Wangkhei Boys' School and passed Matriculation from Meetei Mayek High School, Kongba.

## Awards

* Best Actor Award in the year 1985 in a Shumang Kumhei Imphal Hotel.

## Selected Shumang Kumhei plays

* Imphal Hotel
* 21st Century gee Kunti-1,2,3,4,5,6
* Gusmo gee Khudol: East Timor
* Restaphen
* Kangleipakta 1703
* Naitom Satpi
* Eyaithakki Thambal (2009)
* Nongallamdaishida
* Yenningthana Ngairi
* Aruba Echel
* Amamba Lambee
* Melody
* Neirehe
* Wakchinggi Nongallamdai
* Huranba Ashingba Natte
* Wahang Ama
* Pabung Hotel gee Tamo
* Sanadagi Kei
* Malemdi Kaihoudre Imungdi Kaire
* Cheikhei Wangma
* Ngaijarakpa Numit
* Lallibasi Kanano
* Thamoigee Makhol (2020)
* Mei Iklaba Thamoi (2021)
* Laklaroi Amuk Yeningtha (2022)
* Aronba Wari (2023)

## Selected filmography

| Year | Film | Director |
| 2000 | Echelsida | Oken Amakcham |
| 2002 | Lammei | Oken Amakcham |
| 2005 | Dr. Yaima | Homen D' Wai |
| 2008 | Keishamthong Thoibi | Oinam Gautam Singh |
| 2012 | Highway 39: Punshi Lambida | Homen D' Wai |
| 2014 | 23rd Century: Ngasigee Matungda | Dinesh Tongbram |
# Pine Street School (Northfield, Massachusetts)

The Pine Street School is a historic schoolhouse at 13 Pine Street in Northfield, Massachusetts. The school was built in 1904 and served as such until 1940, and represents a well-preserved specimen of an early 20th-century school building. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

## Description and history

The Pine Street School is located north of the village center of Northfield, on the south side of Pine Street east of Main Street. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a clapboarded exterior and crossed gable-on-hip roof. The central portion of the roof is truncated, with a square section surrounded by a low balustrade, next to the brick chimney. The main entrance is sheltered by a porch with square posts and a plain balustrade above. On the first floor it has a large vestibule, with hanging hooks for student coats. Doors lead into two equally sized classrooms which still have original electrical fixtures, wooden bead-board wainscoting, and plaster walls. Stairs from the vestibule lead up to a third, larger classroom.
The building was designed by Westfield architect Augustus W. Holton in 1903, and was completed in 1904. It was the first of Northfield's schools to have indoor plumbing and central heating. The building was used as a schoolhouse from its construction until 1940, when a fire destroyed the town's Center School. The town then consolidated the elementary grades into a newly built Center School building. The Pine Street school building has served as the town museum since 1943.
# Andrzej Jamiołkowski

Andrzej Edmund Jamiołkowski (born March 22, 1946 in Toruń) is a Polish theoretical physicist, rector of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (in the years 1993–1999 and 2005–2008). He is known for the Choi–Jamiołkowski isomorphism in quantum information theory.

## Biography

Jamiołkowski graduated from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Warsaw in 1969. After graduation, he began research work at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, where in 1973 he obtained a doctoral degree, and in 1982 a postdoctoral degree. In 1990, he was appointed Professor. In the 1960s, he spent over four years on foreign scholarships, including in Munich, Oldenburg and Marburg.
Jamiołkowski held many important functions at the Nicolaus Copernicus University: in the years 1985–1986 he was the deputy director of the Institute of Physics, and then in the years 1986–1993 the Vice-Rector of the Nicolaus Copernicus University for science and cooperation with foreign countries. From 1993 to 1999, he was the rector of the Nicolaus Copernicus University. In the years 1999–2001, he was the vice-chairman of the Central Council of Higher Education in Poland. Until 2005, he was the chairman of the Polish Accreditation Committee. In March 2005, he was re-elected the rector of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, replacing professor Jan Kopcewicz in this position. He held the position of rector until August 31, 2008, when he was replaced by Andrzej Radzimiński.
He was the chairman of the association of former scholarship holders of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. In 1992, Jamiołkowski became the editor-in-chief of the journal Reports on Mathematical Physics. He is the author or co-author of several dozen articles, several monographs and textbooks in the field of theoretical physics.
Andrzej Jamiołkowski was decorated with the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta in 1999. He was also awarded the distinction Convallaria Copernicana in 2014.
# Emmanuel Fernandes Francou

Emmanuel Fernandes Francou (born 31 January 1986 in Villa Sarmiento) is an Argentine football player, who plays for Agropecuario Argentino.
Fernandes Francou started his career in Vélez Sársfield, after becoming the all-time leading top-scorer in the Vélez youth divisions; scoring a total of 118 goals. Unable to find space in the first team, he was loaned to Olimpia (in Paraguay), Talleres and Gimnasia de Jujuy, both of these in the Argentine second division. Fernandes Francou was released from his contract with Vélez in 2010. Manager Player Marcos Garzia Argentine Manager Players.From 2010 till June 2012 Francou played for Asteras Tripolis in Greek Superleague. In September 2012 he signed in AEL as free agent in order to help the greatest provincial team in Greece to return in Greek Superleague.
# Camille Ayglon

Camille Ayglon-Saurina (born 21 May 1985) is a retired French handballer who represented the French national team. She competed in the 2008, 2012, and 2016 Olympic Games.
On 1 December 2016, Ayglon-Saurina was awarded the rank of Chevalier (knight) of the French National Order of Merit.

## Honours

* Olympic Games:
** Silver Medalist: 2016
* World Championship:
** Gold Medalist: 2017
** Silver Medalist: 2009, 2011
* European Championship:
** Bronze Medalist: 2016
* Romanian Championship:
** Winner: 2017, 2018
* Romanian Cup:
** Winner: 2017, 2018
* Romanian Supercup:
** Winner: 2016, 2017
* French Championship:
** Winner: 2009
* French Cup:
** Winner: 2010
** Finalist: 2009, 2011, 2015
* French League Cup:
** Winner: 2009, 2010
** Finalist: 2013
* EHF Champions League:
** Bronze Medalist: 2017, 2018
* EHF Challenge Cup:
** Semifinalist: 2011

## Individual awards

* French Championship Best Right Back: 2010, 2011

## Personal life

She is married to Guillaume Saurina.
# Ernst Ihbe

Ernst Ihbe (20 December 1913 – 30 August 1992) was a German cyclist. He won the gold medal in Men's tandem at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Joshua Chapel A.M.E. Church

Joshua Chapel A.M.E. Church is a historic church at 110 N. Aiken St. Waxahachie, Texas.
It was built in 1917 and added to the National Register in 1986.
# C. Clyde Atkins

Carl Clyde Atkins (November 23, 1914 – March 11, 1999) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida.

## Education and career

Born November 23, 1914, in Washington, D.C., Atkins received a Bachelor of Laws in 1936 from the Fredric G. Levin College of Law at the University of Florida. He entered private practice in Stuart, Florida from 1936 to 1941. He practiced law in Miami, Florida from 1941 to 1966.

## Federal judicial service

Atkins was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson on June 28, 1966, to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, to a new seat authorized by 80 Stat. 75. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 22, 1966, and received his commission on July 22, 1966. He served as Chief Judge from 1977 to 1982. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1982. His service terminated on March 11, 1999, due to his death in Miami.

### Notable cases

In 1969, Atkins worked on ensuring the desegregation of Miami schools by appointing a special panel to ensure the plan was carried out. In 1970, he ruled on a famous case involving the poet Allen Ginsberg after someone shut off Ginsberg's microphone during a public reading. Atkins ruled that Ginsberg should be given another reading, free of charge.
Among the many important cases in a long and distinguished career, Atkins issued landmark rulings protecting the constitutional rights of homeless people in Pottinger v. City of Miami, as well as major rulings in other cases involving the rights of Haitian and Cuban refugees.
# George Chandler Holt

George Chandler Holt (December 31, 1843 – January 26, 1931) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

## Education and career

Born in Mexico, New York, Holt received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Yale University in 1866, where he was a member of Skull and Bones, and a Bachelor of Laws from Columbia Law School in 1869. He was in private practice in New York City, New York from 1869 to 1898. In 1871, he married Mary Louisa Bowen, daughter of businessman Henry Chandler Bowen; the couple had five children, including Hamilton, a magazine editor and college president. Holt was a Referee in Bankruptcy for the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York from 1898 to 1903.

## Federal judicial service

On March 2, 1903, Holt was nominated by President Theodore Roosevelt to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York created by 32 Stat. 805. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 3, 1903, and received his commission the same day. Holt served in that capacity until his retirement on January 16, 1914.

## Death

Holt died of influenza in Nice, France on January 26, 1931.
# James William McCarthy

James William McCarthy (September 8, 1872 – June 28, 1939) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.

## Education and career

Born in Jersey City, New Jersey, McCarthy received a Bachelor of Laws from New York Law School in 1898. He was in private practice in New York City, New York from 1898 to 1900, and in Jersey City beginning in 1900. He was an Alderman for Jersey City from 1905 to 1908. He was a member of the New Jersey State Board of Finance from 1906 to 1907. He was a Judge of the Jersey City Second Criminal Court from 1907 to 1908. He was an assistant county prosecutor for Hudson County, New Jersey from 1908 to 1918. He was a Judge of the New Jersey Court for Hudson County from 1918 to 1923. He was Counsel for the New Jersey Bridge and Tunnel Commission (now the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey) from 1924 to 1928. He was the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 1928 to 1928.

## Federal judicial service

McCarthy was nominated to the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey by President Coolidge on March 18, 1925. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 18, 1925, but declined the appointment.
McCarthy received a recess appointment from President Calvin Coolidge on October 6, 1928, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey vacated by Judge John Rellstab. He was nominated to the same position by President Coolidge on December 6, 1928. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 8, 1929, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on January 31, 1929, due to his resignation due to poor health.