OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matthew Rowe (cyclist)

Matthew Rowe (born 28 April 1988) is a Welsh racing cyclist.

## Biography

Born in Cardiff, Rowe began racing at a young age, initially riding with his parents on a tandem. He began to enjoy cycling and became a member of the Maindy Flyers, based at Maindy Stadium. As a junior, he was a member of British Cycling's Olympic Development Programme, Rowe became the 2005 junior scratch race European champion, and finished eighth in the same event at the junior world championships. Rowe received funding for three to four months from the Dave Rayner fund in 2007. Rowe suffered from Glandular Fever in 2007, and hoping to make his mark on the Premier Calendar, riding for Rapha Condor recycling.co.uk for the 2008 season.
Rowe studied at university for a business degree until 2009 and currently studies as Cornell Law School whilst maintaining membership of the prestigious Cornell Law Review, with the hope of cycling full-time with the aim of a Commonwealth Games gold medal in 2010. However his hopes were scuppered by injuries sustained by a crash in the Rás Tailteann.
His brother Luke is also a racing cyclist, and his father Courtney coaches the Paralympian Simon Richardson.
Rowe is married to Olympic, World and European team pursuit gold medallist Dani King. The couple became engaged in 2015. The couple married in Llandaff Cathedral on 30 September 2017.
Matt Rowe founded Rowe & King (May 2015), a cycle coaching company, alongside father Courtney, fiancée Dani King and brother Luke Rowe. Rowe & King offer coaching in the sport of cycling utilising the extensive experience gained by Luke, Dani, Courtney and Matt himself.

## Major results
### Track
#### 2000

    1st Under 12 Omnium, British National Track Championships

#### 2005

    1st Scratch Race, European Track Championships – Junior
    2nd Team pursuit, British National Track Championships (with Jonathan Bellis, Alex Dowsett & Russell Hampton) – Senior
    2nd Madison, British National Track Championships (with Ben Swift) – Senior

#### 2006

    2nd Madison, British National Track Championships (with Adam Blythe) – Senior
    2nd Scratch race, British National Track Championships – Junior

#### 2007

    3rd British National Derny Championships, Maindy Stadium

#### 2010

    1st British National Derny Championships, Quibell Park Velodrome

### Road
#### 2005

    2nd Welsh National Road Race Championships – Junior

#### 2008

    1st Severn Bridge Road Race
    1st Border Road Race

#### 2013

    1st Norman Harris Memorial Race
# Bidkin

Bidkin is a small city in Paithan Taluka of Aurangabad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## History of Bidkin

Bidkin was founded by Sufi saint Nizamuddin who came to Aurangabad in the 8th century Hijri, (14th century CE). Burhanuddin Gharib gave him a " turra" or crest for his turban, and the title of " Saidus Sadat" or " chief of chiefs." for Paithan.On his way he founded the village of Bidkin. The patelship of the village of Bidkin was for a long time in the hands of Saiads, whose tombs are scattered over the kasba and pet, and are objects of veneration to the inhabitants. Nizamuddin belonged to Chishtiyya order of Sufi saints of Aurangabad.

## About Bidkin

Bidkin small city is situated about 20 km from Aurangabad City on Aurangabad - Paithan Highway. It is located at a distance of 27 km from its Taluka headquarter town of Paithan.
According to 2012 census the population of the village was 19596 of which 10051 were males and 9545 were females. In 2001 the population of the village was 14941 of which 7703 were males and 7238 were females. It has a bank (Bank of Maharashtra), a police station and a post office. Recently population of the village has grown manifold due to setting up of industries in the region.

## DMIC Industrial Park

Recently Govt of Maharashtra has decided to include Bidkin village in DMIC corridor by setting up Shendra - Bidkin Mega Industrial Park, acquisition of 10,000 hectors of farm land is in progress. An Exhibition and Convention Centre at Sendra is being developed.
# Halo sign

In radiology, the halo sign is a finding of a dark halo around the arterial lumen on ultrasound that suggests the diagnosis of temporal arteritis. The standard diagnostic test for temporal arteritis is biopsy; however, ultrasound and MRI show promise for replacing it.
The halo sign of temporal arteritis should not be confused with Deuel's halo sign, which is a sign of fetal death.
The halo sign is also understood as a region of ground-glass attenuation surrounding a pulmonary nodule on an X-ray computed tomography (CT scan) of the chest. It can be associated with hemorrhagic nodules, tumors, or inflammatory processes, but is most commonly known as an early radiographic sign of invasive pulmonary infection by the fungus species Aspergillus.
In nursing, the halo sign is the result of a test to see if drainage from a head injury contains cerebrospinal fluid. When a Dextrostix or Tes-Tape test gives a positive reading for glucose, the drainage must be further tested because glucose is also found in the blood. To perform the test, the leaking fluid is dripped onto a 4x4 gauze or towel. Positive results are indicated by blood coalescing into the center, leaving an outer ring of cerebrospinal fluid.
# Gurudas Kamat

Gurudas Kamat (5 October 1954 – 22 August 2018) was an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress (INC).
An advocate by profession, Kamat was a commerce graduate from R.A. Podar College, Mumbai and has a law degree from the Government Law College, Mumbai.
He was a Member of the Parliament for the Mumbai North West constituency of Maharashtra in 2009 and Mumbai North East constituency of Maharashtra in 1984, 1991, 1998 and 2004. He served as the Minister of State for Home Affairs with additional charge of Minister of Communications and Information Technology, Government of India during 2009 to 2011. In July 2011, he resigned as minister. In July 2013, Kamat was appointed General Secretary All India Congress Committee and given charge of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and was also appointed a member of the Congress Working Committee, the highest decision-making body of the Indian National Congress. In 2014, he lost the Lok Sabha Election. In 2017, Kamat resigned from all positions that he held at the Indian National Congress. Despite his insistence on resignation the Party continued to acknowledge him as the General Secretary of AICC.

## Early life, education and political career

Kamat started his political career as a student leader in 1972. In 1976, he was appointed the President of National Students' Union of India, Mumbai Unit. In 1980 he was appointed General Secretary of Maharshtra Pradesh Youth Congress; in 1984, he was appointed the President of the Maharashtra Pradesh Youth Congress; and in 1987, he was appointed the President of the Indian Youth Congress. Kamat was appointed the President of Mumbai Congress in 2003. He held the position till 2008.
In 1982, Kamat represented the Indian Youth Congress at International Convention in Bucharest, Romania. In 1986, Kamat represented International Youth Festival in Moscow and USSR. In 2003, he was a member of the four member delegation representing India at the United Nations in New York City along with Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Inder Kumar Gujral and Farooq Abdullah. Kamat represented the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh, at the UN Convention at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
In 1976, Kamat was awarded the Principal Wellingkar Trophy for the Most Outstanding Student Award at the R.A. Podar College and in 1979 was named a Fellow of Government Law College in Mumbai.
In 1981, Kamat married Maharookh Kamat with whom he has one son, Sunil, who is a doctor, an intensivist and a Fellow at Sloan Kettering Memorial, New York City.

## Death

Gurudas Kamat died at a private hospital in New Delhi on 22 August 2018 following a heart attack.
# Holm of Grimbister

Holm of Grimbister is an inhabited tidal islet in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland. Located in the Bay of Firth near Finstown it is connected to Mainland Orkney by a causeway.

## Geography

Bay of Firth is an inlet of the Wide Firth that lies to the North. Within the bay and to the north east of the Holm is the companion islet of Damsay. The causeway from Holm of Grimbister connects to the mainland at Holm Point, just north of the mainland settlement of Grimbister. Haswell-Smith (2004) notes that the islet is farmed.

## Habitation

Although it is clear that in 2007 the island was inhabited, as it was the residence of a candidate for the Scottish Parliamentary Elections in 2007, it was not listed as such by the Census in 2001. Press reports in March 2010 confirmed that at that time the population of the island was at least two. The 2011 census recorded the population as three. In 2016 the island was reported as being on sale for £300 000.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Rick Livingstone’s Tables of the Islands of Scotland (pdf) Argyll Yacht Charters. Retrieved 12 Dec 2011.
* 1 2 3 Ordnance Survey. OS Maps Online (Map). 1:25,000. Leisure.
* 1 2 National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
* ↑ Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
* ↑ Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 360
* ↑ "Scottish Parliamentary Elections 2007: Shetland Islands Constituency" Shetland Islands Council. Retrieved 26 Feb 2012.
* ↑ General Register Office for Scotland (28 Nov 2003) Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands Archived 2011-11-22 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 26 Feb 2012.
* ↑ Ross, Calum (3 Mar 2010) "Tory candidate pulls out of race for city seat at general election". Press and Journal. Aberdeen. Retrieved 26 Feb 2012.
# Howard S. Hoffman

Howard S. Hoffman (May 23, 1925 – August 31, 2006) was an American experimental psychologist.
Hoffman's work on imprinting, the startle reflex, and memory were particularly influential and earned him an international reputation. He published hundreds of papers as well as a book about the experience of being a scientist, Amorous Turkeys and Addicted Ducklings: A Search for the Causes of Social Attachment.
Hoffman received grants from the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health and the National Institute for Mental Health. He served as chairman of a National Institute of Mental Health committee to review grant applications.
Hoffman was a veteran of World War II who served in the European theatre. He earned five bronze stars and two invasion arrowheads. Following the war, he initially studied physics at the University of Chicago, but was uncertain which of his divergent interests he should pursue. Supported by the Veterans Administration, which identified his aptitude for physics, mathematics, and painting, Hoffman later attended art school, studying under Moses Sawyer. After observing children in the nursery school where he was employed, he turned to psychology (not, ironically, one of the domains identified by the VA's aptitude testing) and ultimately earned his Ph.D. Hoffman continued to paint. He had one-man shows at Bryn Mawr and the Tyme Gallery, and his work joined the permanent collections of Bryn Mawr, Haverford College, Rosemont College, and the University of Pennsylvania.
Hoffman taught statistics at the University of Connecticut, where he earned his Ph.D, then moved to the psychology department of Pennsylvania State University in 1957. Hoffman is credited with rediscovering prepulse inhibition in 1963, and inventing the term. His many papers on the reflex and its modification laid the groundwork for the widespread use of prepulse inhibition today in studies of schizophrenia and other disorders. In 1970, Hoffman joined the faculty of Bryn Mawr College. While there, he taught courses on perception and statistics. The perception classes spurred his development of techniques to teach drawing and lead to the book Vision and the Art of Drawing.
Hoffman and his wife raised six children. Hoffman collaborated with his son, Russell, to create a computerized statistics course. In collaboration with his wife Alice M. Hoffman he wrote Archives of Memory: A Soldier Recalls World War II and The Cruikshank Chronicles: Anecdotes, Stories, and Memoirs of a New Deal Liberal.
# Hrušica Peak

Hrušica Peak (Slovene: Hruški vrh, in older sources also Rožčica; German: Rosenkogel; 1,776 m or 5,827 ft) is a peak in the Western Karawanks between Dovška Baba and Mount Klek.
# Gereon

Gereon of Cologne (French: Géréon), who may have been a soldier, was martyred at Cologne by beheading, probably in the early 4th century.

## History

The Roman Martyrology states that "In Cologne in Germany, the Saints Gereon and his companions, martyrs, who with sincere piety, courageously offered their necks to the sword." That brief outline is the official account of the church, that is, the martyrdom by beheading, in the famous German city, of a group of Christians headed by a certain Gereon. In fact, nothing more can be said about them with historical certainty.

## Legend

According to his legend, Gereon (called the "Golden Saint") was said to be a soldier of the Theban Legion. Gregory of Tours, writing in the 6th century, said that Gereon and his companions were a detachment of fifty men of the Theban Legion who were massacred at Agaunum by order of Emperor Maximian for refusing to sacrifice to pagan gods to obtain victory in battle.
Some of his companions' names are stated as being Cassius, Gregorius Maurus, Florentius, Innocentius (Innocent), Constantinus, and Victor.
Bede the Venerable mentions that their feast was included in the Sarum calendar, as well as the calendars of Barking and Durham. Later medieval legends increased the number of Gereon's companions to 290 or 319, and Norbert of Xanten is said to have discovered, through a vision, the spot at Cologne where the relics of Ursula and her companions, of Gereon, and of other martyrs lay hidden.
Gereon became a popular military saint and is often represented in art as a Roman soldier or medieval knight. Along with other saints who were beheaded, he is invoked by those suffering from migraine headaches. Hélinand of Froidmont's Martyrium mentions Saint Gereon.

## Legacy

St. Gereon's Basilica, in Cologne, is dedicated to him. Stefan Lochner painted a triptych in the 15th century which, in the centre piece, shows in almost life-size figures the worshipping of the Magi, and the side panels of which represent Ursula with her companions, and Gereon with his warriors. In 1810 the triptych was moved from the town hall to the choir chapel of the cathedral.
Saint-Géréon is a small town located in the department of Loire-Atlantique of the French region Pays de la Loire.
The martyr is depicted on the 13th century seal of the Convent of St. Gereon, Cologne.

## Gallery

* Saint Gereon with companions
* Statue of the head of Saint Gereon, outside of St. Gereon's Basilica
# Font Awesome

Font Awesome is a font and icon toolkit based on CSS and Less. As of 2024, Font Awesome was used by 25.4% of sites that use third-party font scripts, placing Font Awesome in second place after Google Fonts.

## History

It was made by Dave Gandy for use with Bootstrap. Font Awesome can be downloaded from BootstrapCDN.
Font Awesome 5 was released on December 7, 2017, with 1,278 icons. Version 5 comes in two packages: Font Awesome Free and the proprietary Font Awesome Pro (available for $99 a year). The free versions (all releases up to 4 and the free version for 5 and 6) are available under the SIL Open Font License 1.1, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0, and MIT License.
Font Awesome 6 is the latest version which was released in February 2022. Users will be able to upload their own icons and receive more icons on top of the existing ones from Font Awesome 5.
On the 16th of March, 2022, Font Awesome announced a collaboration with United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) for humanitarian icons in Font Awesome 6.1.0.
Font Awesome released the rest of the Duotone styles for both the Duotone and Sharp Duotone families. The price for Font Awesome Pro Lite, Pro and Pro Max will increase from $49, $99 and $499 a year to $60, $120 and $600 a year starting in 2025.
# I-17 Mystery Christmas Tree

The I-17 Mystery Christmas tree is a living tree in the median of Interstate 17 (I-17) in the US state of Arizona that was decorated each Christmas by people not publicly known. The tree is located near milepost 254, approximately 55 miles (89 km) north of downtown Phoenix, Arizona, between Sunset Point and Cordes Junction.

## Background

The 20-foot-tall (6.1 m) one-seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma) tree was decorated annually for over 30 years and is famous around the state. Unlike a traditional Christmas tree, it is actually shaped like a bush, being nearly as wide as it is tall. Decorations include Christmas ornaments, tinsel and garland, stuffed animals, bows, flags, and it is topped with a silver star. The tree is at a point where the terrain necessitated a wide separation between the northbound and southbound lanes of I-17, and the median is over 100 feet (30 m) wide. The median is under the jurisdiction of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT), who have said "that for years, no one has been able to figure out who is responsible". The tree is surrounded by four water storage barrels and plastic drip tubing to supplement the sparse natural rainfall in the area. The irrigation system is also believed to have been installed by the unknown tree decorators. In 2013, ADOT spokesman Doug Nintzel said people have told him that they know who is responsible but have not said who it is.
The decorations are placed before Thanksgiving and removed after New Year's Day. In 2011, a former ADOT district engineer who retired in 2005 said he knew who decorates the tree but honors their request to remain anonymous. Due to the danger of stopping on the highway, neither ADOT nor the Arizona Department of Public Safety formally condone the activity in the median.
There are also patriotic decorations placed on the tree for the Fourth of July.

## Brush fires

The median is often the site of brush fires ignited by passing vehicles, and the tree has survived many of them. A fire in August 2011 was close enough to melt the tree's plastic irrigation system, but the tree was not seriously harmed even though the fire burned the surrounding vegetation and scorched some of the tree's lower branches. Some reports say the fire burned out on its own, while others say the tree was helped by ADOT employees, as well as citizens and "a firefighter or two".
ADOT employees say they "have seen the tree somehow survive over and over again". The tree was saved again in August 2019 by firefighters. The fire, however, left the tree too unstable to decorate. In 2021, Nancy Loftis of Phoenix revealed that she and her family had been decorating the tree and explained why they ended the tradition after the 2019 fire; she also expressed hope that the family would find a new tree to continue the tradition.

## Song

Dolan Ellis, Arizona's Official State Balladeer since 1966, has composed a song about the tree that he named "Scrubby".
# Ian Jardine

Ian Jardine (born 20 October 1964, in Dunfermline) is a former Scottish international rugby union player, normally playing at the Centre position.

## Rugby Union Career
### Amateur career

His career spanned the amateur era and the professional era. He played for Stirling County.
Late in his career he played for Cumnock RFC.

### Provincial and professional career

Jardine represented Glasgow District at various levels before finally representing the professional Glasgow side, now Glasgow Warriors. He made his debut for the Warriors away to Newport RFC in the European Challenge Cup on 26 October 1996, becoming Glasgow Warrior No. 27.

### International career

He received 3 caps for Scotland 'B', the first on 9 December 1989 against Ireland 'B'.
He had his first international cap 20 November 1993 against New Zealand. He participated in the Five Nations tournaments of 1994-1996 and played for Scotland in the World Cup in 1995 (three games played, beaten in the quarterfinals).

### Coaching career

He became coach of Stirling County RFC.
# Ibrahim Kalil Konaté

Ibrahim Kalil Konaté (2 August 1955 – 14 August 2021) was a Guinean politician and computer scientist.
He served as Minister of National Education and Literacy [fr] and was Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Loterie nationale de Guinée.

## Biography

Konaté was born in Kankan on 2 August 1955 and attended primary school at the École primaire Dramé Oumar Kankan. In 1998, he earned a degree in mathematical science from the Lycée Aviation Conakry. He also earned a degree in management informatics from the Université International Collège.
Ibrahim Kalil was appointed Minister of National Education and Literacy on 27 February 2017 and served until 26 May 2018. He served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Loterie nationale de Guinée from 29 January 2019 until his death.
Ibrahim Kalil Konaté died of COVID-19 in Conakry on 14 August 2021, at the age of 66.

## Awards

* COPE-Guinée Prize for good performance (2017)
# Idwal Rees

John Idwal Rees (25 July 1910 – 31 August 1991) was a Welsh international rugby union centre who played club rugby for Swansea and Cambridge University. He was capped 14 times for Wales captaining the team on two occasions.

## Personal history

Rees was born in Swansea, south Wales in 1910. He was educated at Swansea Grammar School before matriculating to Swansea University at the age of 17. In October 1931 he gained a place at Cambridge University, and from there obtained a job teaching at Fettes College. In 1938 he returned to Wales becoming headmaster of Cowbridge Grammar School, a role he held until his retirement in 1971. Rees also released a book, Rugger Practice and Tactics, co-authored with H. F. Macdonald.

## Rugby career

Rees first played rugby for Swansea Grammar School, but when he graduated to Swansea University at the age of 17, he gave up rugby as he believed he was too light to play. In 1928/29 season he joined Swansea University RFC, playing alongside future Welsh internationals, Watcyn Thomas and Claude Davey. Rees played for Swansea in the 1929/30 season, moving from scrum-half to full-back to centre; but in October 1931 he went to Cambridge where he achieved his rugby 'blue' in 1931 and 1932.
When Rees obtained a job at Fettes College he played for Edinburgh Wanderers, but during the school holidays he returned to Wales, playing for Swansea.

### International matches played

Wales
* England 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938
* Ireland 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938
* New Zealand 1935
* Scotland 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938
# Paula Fortes

Paula Fortes (1945–2011) was a Cape Verdean independence activist.
A native of Mindelo, Fortes became an orphan at 13, and at 16 joined the struggle against the Portuguese; she organized students at the Escola Piloto. After finishing her studies she trained to become a nurse. She was instrumental in the founding of the Organização das Mulheres de Cabo Verde, of which she served as a leader. She also served in government on the island of Sal, thus becoming the only woman to hold office in the national government immediately after independence. Fortes died in Portugal after an illness of some duration. 2013 saw the posthumous publication of her memoir, Minha Passagem.
# Lotus conimbricensis

Lotus conimbricensis has a trailing plant in the genus Lotus.
this species is also known in Arabic as לוֹטוּס רִיסָנִי.

## Appearance

Lotus conimbricensis is identified by its singular white flower pea shaped flowers looking much like Lotus micranthus except with purple veining. This species also has hairs on the bottom and a smooth top of the small oval leaves which is a key identification feature.

## Recognition

This species is recognized under the USDA PLANTS database.

## Status

This plant is considered least concern.