OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System

The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) is the world's largest known fossil water aquifer system. It is located underground in the Eastern end of the Sahara desert and spans the political boundaries of four countries in north-eastern Africa. NSAS covers a land area spanning just over 2 million km$^2$, including north-western Sudan, north-eastern Chad, south-eastern Libya, and most of Egypt. Containing an estimated 150,000 km$^3$ of groundwater, the significance of the NSAS as a potential water resource for future development programs in these countries is large. The Great Man-Made River (GMMR) project in Libya makes use of the system, extracting substantial amounts of water from this aquifer, removing an estimated 2.4 km$^3$ of fresh water for consumption and agriculture per year.

## Characteristics

Since 2001, the Nubian Sandstone aquifer situated between the Toshka and Abu Simbel areas of Egypt has undergone intensive drilling and development as part of a land reclamation project. Drilling information was used to conduct a variety of studies regarding the hydrogeological setting of the area's aquifer. Results indicated that lithological characteristics and tectonic settings are having a substantial effect on groundwater flow patterns and the area's overall aquifer potentiality, which is considered relatively low when compared to neighboring areas in eastern Oweinat or Dakhla.

### Geology

The aquifer is largely composed of hard ferruginous sandstone with great shale and clay intercalation, having a thickness that ranges between 140 and 230 meters. Groundwater type varies from fresh to slightly brackish (salinity ranges from 240 to 1300 ppm). The ion dominance ordering shows that sodium cation is most commonly predominating over calcium and magnesium – whereas chloride is predominant over sulfate and bicarbonate. The groundwater is of meteoric origin (the term meteoric water refers to water that originated as precipitation; most groundwater is meteoric in origin). High concentrations of sodium, chloride, and sulfates reflect the leaching and dissolution processes of gypsiferous shales and clay, in addition to a lengthy duration of water residence. Two recharge locations have been identified by Reika Yokochi et al.: one 38,000 years ago originating from the Mediterranean, and the second dated at around 361,000 years ago from the tropical Atlantic.

## International development projects

Since 2006, the International Atomic Energy Agency has been working in cooperation with the four NSAS countries to help increase understanding of the aquifer's complexities through the IAEA-UNDP-GEF Nubian Project. Project partners include the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/Global Environment Facility (GEF), IAEA, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and government representatives from the NSAS countries. The project's long-term goal is establishing rational and equitable management of the NSAS as a productive way of advancing socio-economic development in the region and protecting biodiversity and land resources.
# Deflektor

Deflektor is a puzzle video game developed by Vortex Software and published by Gremlin Graphics in December 1987. The game was followed by a sequel in 1989 called Mindbender.
The game was also ported to the Japanese X68000 by Bullet-Proof Software and for the Atari 8-bit computers developed by Atari Corporation in 1988, but was not published. According to the Deflektor X4 remake programmer Ignacio Pérez Gil, the Deflektor developer Costa Panayi endorsed the creation and distribution of the non-commercial open-source freeware in the 2000s.
Deflektor has been well received by reviewers. Critics emphasized its high appeal and originality. The game also received positive feedback for its graphics, difficulty, and in-depth exploration.

## Gameplay

Deflektor is a real-time puzzle game that takes place in an optical circuit. The player must rotate mirrors to deflect a beam in order to destroy all the cells of each level. There are also other devices which the player cannot touch with the beam for too long because it will make the system overload. The player only has a certain amount of time to complete each level. There are also various other items on each level which can be collected and a practise mode.

## Development

Costa Panayi was the principal programmer, game designer and artist for Vortex Software, when Panayi was programming primarily on the ZX Spectrum. He developed and released Revolution, which later influenced the creation of Deflektor. The game was based on a simple physical phenomenon which was further modified in terms of game mechanics. Panayi was inspired to create the game by observing scientific software that worked with lasers. The development was carried out with the idea of being different from existing trends in the gaming industry.
The development of the original game for the ZX Spectrum was handled by Panayi himself and was published by Gremlin Graphics. A month before its release date, the game was announced in magazines.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score | Score | Score |
| Publication | Amiga | C64 | ZX |
| ACE | 94% | 91% | 91% |
| Computer and Video Games | N/A | 10/10 | 10/10 |
| Your Sinclair | N/A | N/A | 90% |
| Zzap! | N/A | 81% | N/A |
Award :
| Publication | Award |
| Amstrad Action | Mastergame |
Writing for Zzap! magazine in February 1988, Julian Rignall wrote that "Deflektor is very enjoyable, and provides an original and worthwhile way to kill time". According to Amstrad Action, Deflektor was the best game of March 1988. In 1988, Deflektor was included in the 100 best games by ACE where the game was described as unique, but easy because passing the level is enough to test all the conditions of the mirror. In 1990, the author of an article in Your Sinclair ranked Deflektor seventh out of the nine best puzzles and described it as distinctive and interesting.
# Harald Halvorsen (gymnast)

Harald Halvorsen (16 November 1878 – 11 August 1965) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1906 Intercalated Games and in the 1908 Summer Olympics.
At the 1906 Intercalated Games in Athens, he was a member of the Norwegian gymnastics team, which won the gold medal in the team, Swedish system event. Two years later he won the silver medal as part of the Norwegian team in the gymnastics team event. He was born in Østre Aker and represented the club Kristiania TF.
# Nikola Stojić

Nikola Stojić (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Стојић, born 15 December 1974 in Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a rower from Serbia, who competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 2000. He won the silver medal in the men's single sculls event at the 2005 Mediterranean Games in Almería, Spain.
In 2006, the Olympic Committee of Serbia decided to declare him the sportsman of the year.
Stojić graduated from Brown University in 1997. During his time at Brown, Stojić rowed on the school's team.
# Anke Wild

Anke Wild (born 12 October 1967) is a former field hockey player from Germany, who was a member of the Women's National Team that won the silver medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.
She was temporarily allied with the former field hockey player and Olympic gold medalist Andreas Keller, who is also the father of her two older children Felix and Luca.
# South Jetty High School

South Jetty High School was a public high school in Warrenton, Oregon, United States. It was located at the North Coast Youth Correctional Facility, which closed down in 2017.
# Lex Jacoby

Alex 'Lex' Jacoby (28 February 1930 – 20 November 2015) was a Luxembourgish writer. He wrote novels, poems, plays and newspaper articles. He was born in Junglinster. His early works were written in the French language, Later Jacoby dedicated himself to writing exclusively in German. Before pursuing writing full-time, Jacoby was a teacher in Clervaux.

## Works

* Die Sehnsucht des Schamanen (1952)
* Der Fremde (1954)
* Le Pavot Blanc (1963)
* Luxemburg (1963)
* Der Grenzstein (1963)
* Nachts gehen die Fische an Land (1980)
* Das Logbuch der Arche (1988)
* Der fromme Staub der Feldwege (1990)
* Spanien heiter bis wolkig (1994)
* Wasserzeichen (1995)
* Remis in der Provence (2000)
* Wie nicht ganz schwarzer Kohlenstein (2001)
* Die Deponie (2006)
# Geographic Locator Codes

Worldwide Geographic Location Codes (GLCs) list the number and letter codes federal agencies should use in designating geographic locations anywhere in the United States or abroad in computer programs. Use of standard codes facilitates the interchange of machine-readable data from agency to agency within the federal community and between federal offices and state and local groups. These codes are also used by some companies as a coding standard as well, especially those that must deal with federal, state and local governments for such things as taxes. The GLCs are administered by the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA).
# Christian Geister House

The Christian Geister House is a historic residence in Algonquin, Illinois.

## History

Algonquin, Illinois was first settled in the Fox River Valley in 1831. By the 1880s, the town had grown enough to require a school, library, and public telephone exchange. It was shortly thereafter that a second wave of houses was built in the town. Small pioneer residences were moved and grand Victorian houses were constructed in their place. In 1892, a local carpenter by the name of Amos Wilburn began to build a Victorian house at 302 South Main Street. Christian Geister purchased the land from Ira C. Goodrich for $1,400 in 1893 while the house was being built. Gesiter owned a grist mill and served as village treasurer. He lived there until 1909, when Mrs. Emma Haeger Estergren (of the Haeger family) purchased the home. She lived on the second floor until her death in the 1970s. Estergren was active in the Women's Suffrage movement and was an activist for animal rights. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service on September 25, 2007. It was the first building in Algonquin to receive this distinction.

## Architecture

The Christian Geister House is an excellent example of Queen Anne architecture. It has a steeply-pitched cross-gabled roof with two front and two side gables (one on each side). There are also lower intersection gables on the north and west sides, plus a gabled dormer on the west side and a sloped dormer on the east side. A square turret tower is found at the northeast corner, peaking 10 feet (3.0 m) above the roof line. The roof and turret are covered with asphalt shingles. The turret eaves are decorated with brackets on the three exposed sides. A narrower eave is found below the brackets. A bay window is under the narrow eave. Window millwork is decorated with twelve ornamental squares. A second narrow set of eaves is under the window, over a first-floor bay window, likewise decorated with millwork. The base of the turret features eight decorative roundels. The Geister House has wood clapboard siding with a limestone foundation. The remaining windows are one-over-one double sash with wood frames. All first-floor windows have decorative eaves, except for those on the west side, which are plain. The east side of the house includes a stained glass picture window, flanked with stained glass sidelights, Five decorative roundels are found under this window. There are three small windows on the third floor, two on the west and one on the east. The basement has several plain garden view windows. The house includes three porches. The west porch has concrete steps and a railing and is attached to an enclosed porch. The northern porch has two stories. The first-story porch extends 3 feet (0.91 m) farther than the second-story porch. The eastern porch leads to the main entrance to the house.
# Spin Tangi massacre

The Spin Tangi massacre (Pashto: د سپین تنګي خونړۍ پېښه) or Hathikhel massacre (د هاتيخېلو خونړۍ پېښه) refers to the killing of about 80 non-violent Pashtun protesters by the Frontier Constabulary and the British Indian Army on 24 August 1930 at the Spin Tangi village near Domel, in the Bannu district of the North-West Frontier Province of British India. This massacre was committed just three months after the Takkar massacre in Mardan and four months after the Qissa Khwani massacre in Peshawar.
Throughout the summer of 1930 British authorities were seeking to break the communications of the Khudai Khidmatgar (KK) movement, and martial law was declared by the British on 16 August; they had banned both the KK and the Congress and had arrested Badshah Khan and others. A large protest gathering was organised at Hathikhel in Spin Tangi, by local Waziri tribal leaders and sympathizers of the KK movement, despite the restrictions of the British. A local Banuchi elder, Qazi Fazal Qadar, was fired upon by the arresting police, and in the ensuing violence some 80 protestors were killed and 300 were arrested. Captured in the violence, the wounded Qazi Fazal Qadar was dragged to the District Commissioner but died shortly afterwards. He was sentenced posthumously to 14 years imprisonment by the government, denied any religious rites and buried in Bannu prison.
Some sources give the number of the dead as 70.
# Confederate Mass Grave Monument in Somerset

The Confederate Mass Grave Monument in Somerset in Pulaski County, Kentucky, near Nancy, Kentucky, honors the Confederate soldiers who are buried here who died at the Battle of Mill Springs. These soldiers were from Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee, and number over one hundred in total.
The monument was built in 1910 by Bennett H. Young, who during the war rode with Confederate general John Hunt Morgan. Young was drawn to the area due to hearing about the nearby Zollie Tree, which was decorated by a local woman each Memorial Day in honor of general Felix K. Zollicoffer, who died at the Battle of Mill Springs. The monument uses the name "Battle of Fishing Creek", as the battle was known by Southerners in 1910. The rectangular slab of limestone is 4 feet (1.2 m) by 3 feet (0.91 m), and rest on a 1 foot (0.30 m) high slab of concrete.
The Zollie Tree, for which both the Confederate Mass Grave Monument and the nearby General Felix K. Zollicoffer Monument was constructed, was destroyed by lightning in 1995, although a sapling from it was later planted at the same spot. Both are now in what is called Zollicoffer Park, part of the larger Mill Springs Battlefield.
On July 17, 1997, the Confederate Mass Grave Monument in Somerset was one of sixty-one different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission. The aforementioned General Felix K. Zollicoffer Monument only a few feet away is another of the so-honored monuments. The other monument on the list in Pulaski County is the Battle of Dutton's Hill Monument north of Somerset, Kentucky.

## Gallery

* Closeup of the monument
* The burial mounds
# South Lake High School (Michigan)

South Lake High School is a high school in St. Clair Shores, Michigan in the Metro Detroit area, and serves grades 9-12. It is the only high school in the South Lake Schools district.
The school district, of which this is the sole comprehensive high school, includes southern St. Clair Shores and portions of Eastpointe and Grosse Pointe Shores.

## Demographics

The demographic breakdown of the 615 students enrolled in 2015-2016 was:
* Male - 51.5%
* Female - 48.5%
* Native American/Alaskan - 0%
* Asian/Pacific islanders - 1%
* Black - 55%
* Hispanic - 1.8%
* White - 37.4%
* Multiracial - 4.9%
64.1% of the students were eligible for free or reduced-cost lunch.
# Harry Johnson (footballer, born 1910)

Harry Johnson (4 December 1910 – 1981) was an English footballer who scored 29 goals from 84 matches in the Football League playing for Oldham Athletic, Southend United and Exeter City. A centre forward or inside right, he also played non-league football for clubs including Great Harwood, Winsford United, Stalybridge Celtic and Scunthorpe & Lindsey United.

## Personal life

Johnson was born in Radcliffe, which was then in Lancashire, in 1910. He married Lena Hardman in 1932; the 1939 Register records the couple living in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire, where Johnson was working as an electrician's labourer. In 1965, he was the works suggestions officer at the Appleby-Frodingham Steel Company and was chairman of their cricket club. He died in Scunthorpe in 1981.

## Football career

Johnson played football for Heywood St James', for Great Harwood of the Lancashire Combination, and for Cheshire County League clubs Winsford United and Stalybridge Celtic, before signing for Oldham Athletic of the Football League Second Division. He made his league debut in the 1931–32 season, and over the next two seasons took his totals to 13 goals from 37 league appearances. After Oldham were relegated in 1934, Johnson was one of eleven players given free transfers. He joined Southend United, and in his first season was the club's top scorer with 22 goals in all competitions. In 1936, he moved on to another third-tier club, Exeter City, for whom he played 11 league matches.
Scunthorpe & Lindsey United of the Midland League signed Johnson in 1937. According to the Lincolnshire Echo, "he can play in any inside forward position, but is at his best at centre-forward". He scored profusely, finishing the season second in the Midland League's scorers table with 38 goals. Despite interest from Football League clubs, he re-signed for Scunthorpe for another season. By February 1939, he had overtaken Ernie Simms' club record of 57 goals scored in all competitions during a single season, and seemed sure to break his club record of 52 Midland League goals as well, as Scunthorpe headed for their second league title. Unfortunately for him, he sustained a knee injury in mid-March that kept him out for several matches, and had to settle for 49.
He remained with Scunthorpe into wartime football, but his leg again gave way, and in October 1939 he had an operation to remove the knee cartilage. Once fit again, he also played as a guest for Doncaster Rovers. After the war, Johnson coached Scunthorpe's junior teams.
# Baron Widdrington

Baron Widdrington, of Blankney in the County of Lincoln, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 2 November 1643 for Sir William Widdrington, 1st Baronet. He had already been created a baronet, of Widdrington in the County of Northumberland, in the Baronetage of England on 9 July 1642. The Widdringtons were an ancient Northumbrian family who gave their name to (or took their name from) the village, near Morpeth, Northumberland. In the 17th century the family were strongly Royalist. William Widdrington, 4th Baron Widdrington, joined Derwentwater and other Northumberland families in the Jacobite rising of 1715 and (together with his brothers Charles and Peregrine) was captured at the Battle of Preston (1715). As a consequence of the subsequent attainder of the brothers, the Widdrington estates were sequestered and sold by the Crown, and the title was forfeited. Of their three great houses no traces now remain: Widdrington Castle was demolished in 1862 (although the site is designated as a Scheduled Ancient Monument); Stella Hall, Blaydon on Tyne, was demolished in 1954; and Blankney Hall, Lincolnshire suffered the same fate in 1960. Some of the family paintings passed to the Cook/Widdrington family of Newton Hall, and those were auctioned by Christie’s in 2010. The important collection of family portraits passed into the possession of the Towneley family through Mary Widdrington, daughter of the third Baron (who married Richard Towneley). These were sold at various auctions after Towneley Hall was emptied in about 1902. A few have since been donated to Towneley Hall, and (at least) four were donated to Stonyhurst College in the 19th century.
Edward Widdrington, cousin of the first Baron, was created a baronet in both 1635 and 1642 (see Widdrington baronets).

## Barons Widdrington (1643)

* William Widdrington, 1st Baron Widdrington (1610–1651)
* William Widdrington, 2nd Baron Widdrington (died 1675)
* William Widdrington, 3rd Baron Widdrington (1656–1695)
* William Widdrington, 4th Baron Widdrington (1678–1743) (forfeited 1716)

## Other Widdringtons

* Thomas Widdrington (died 1664)
* Ralph Widdrington (died 1688)
* Ralph Widdrington (1640–1718)
# Gypsophila vaccaria

Gypsophila vaccaria is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is native from Portugal and Morocco to the Himalayas, and has been introduced into temperate areas worldwide. Among its many synonyms is Vaccaria hispanica, which was the only species placed in the genus Vaccaria. It is known by several common names including cowherb, cowcockle, cow basil, cow soapwort, and prairie carnation. It is an annual herb with blue-gray, waxy herbage and pale pink flowers.
The seeds of the species are used in Chinese medicine.
# Creswell High School (North Carolina)

Creswell High School was a public high school located in Creswell, North Carolina. It was one of two high schools, along with Plymouth High School, in Washington County Schools. Creswell High School served grades 6–12. Creswell High School's enrollment as of 2010 was 161 students. The student body was 52% Black; 39% White; 5% Hispanic; and 4% Unknown. All Creswell students received a free or reduced lunch. It was shut down following the class of 2018 as the county made room for Washington County High School. The shutdown of Creswell High lost the county a total of 44 students to neighboring county school systems, a large portion of the small school.
# The Prospect Before Us (ballet)

The Prospect Before Us is a one act comic ballet in seven scenes, choreographed for the Vic-Wells Ballet by Ninette de Valois to music by William Boyce arranged by Constant Lambert.

## Overview

With its premiere in 1940, the first year of the war, de Valois set out to produce a light-hearted and jolly piece of escapism. Inspired by an eponymous 18th century engraving by Thomas Rowlandson, it has an intricate plot about the rivalry of two 18th century theatrical managers who fight over a troupe of dancers that includes Didelot, Noverre, and Vestris. The final scene with Robert Helpmann as Mr. O'Reilly doing a "drunk dance" is well known.

## Premiere cast

* Robert Helpmann as Mr. O'Reilly of the Pantheon
* Claude Newman as Mr. Taylor of the King's Theatre
* Frederick Ashton as Monsieur Noverre
* Alan Carter as Monsieur Didelot
* John Hart as Monsieur Vestris
* John Field
* Deryk Mendel
* Michael Somes
* Leslie Edwards
* Pamela May
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