OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gray thrasher

The gray thrasher (Toxostoma cinereum) is a medium-sized passerine bird belonging to the family Mimidae. It is endemic to the Baja California peninsula of Mexico.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The gray thrasher has two subspecies, the nominate T. c. cinereum and T. c. mearnsi.

## Description

The gray thrasher is 21.4 to 25.0 cm (8.4 to 9.8 in) long. Four males weighed 58.6 to 69.8 g (2.07 to 2.46 oz) and a female 54.4 g (1.92 oz). It is gray-brown above with cinnamon tones on the rump. Its underparts are white with arrow-shaped black spots. The outer tail feathers have white tips. Its eyes are golden yellow. The subspecies are similar, with T. c. mearnsi being somewhat darker overall.

## Distribution and habitat

The gray thrasher is found only in Mexico's Baja California, where its range extends from approximately north latitude 31°14' to its southern tip. On the east side of the peninsula, however, it is found only as far north as approximately 28°. There is a record of this species in the Famosa Slough, San Diego County, California. T. c. mearnsi occupies approximately the northern half of the range and the nominate subspecies the southern half.
The gray thrasher inhabits arid and semi-arid landscapes. Most are open to semi-open with cacti, scrub, or scattered bushes and trees. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,500 m (4,900 ft).

## Behavior
### Feeding

The gray thrasher typically forages on the ground or low down in vegetation. Its diet is not well studied but is known to include arthropods and cactus fruits.

### Breeding

Subspecies T. c. mearnsi of the gray thrasher breeds in March and April; T. c. cinereum breeds from May to mid-July in the far south. The species' nest is a cup made of twigs and lined with finer materials such as grass. T. c. mearnsi almost always places its nest in cacti, while T. c. cinereum uses cacti, thorny shrubs, and mesquite trees. Nests are typically within 3 m (9.8 ft) of the ground. The clutch size is two to four.

### Vocalization

* Songs and calls
* Listen to gray thrasher on xeno-canto
The gray thrasher's song is "a loud, fairly scratchy warbling...repeated two or three times"', and often sung from a high open perch. Its calls include "a rolled, rippling to rough whirr-rr-rr or chirr-rri-rrit, and a gruff chrek".

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the gray thrasher as being of Least Concern. It has a very large range and an apparently stable population of at least 20,000 mature individuals.
# L'Intermédiaire des mathématiciens

L'Intermédiaire des mathématiciens was a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering mathematics published by Gauthier-Villars et fils. It was established in 1894 by Émile Lemoine and Charles-Ange Laisant and was published until 1920. A second series started in 1922 and was published until 1925.
# L'Interdit

L'Interdit (pronounced) was a perfume created in 1957 by Hubert de Givenchy. The word interdit is French for "forbidden." The parfumeur behind this feminine aldehydic-floral fragrance was Francis Fabron (1913–2005). It has a delicate, floral, powdery aroma. It contains notes of rose, jasmine, violet and, at the heart, a blend of woods and grasses.
Givenchy created the perfume for Audrey Hepburn, who wore it for a year before its release to the public. Hepburn also became the first actress to become the face of a perfume, for L'Interdit.

## Creation

L'Interdit was secretly created in 1954 and was worn only by actress Audrey Hepburn, to whom it was given as a gift by Hubert de Givenchy, who had dressed her. For this, he called on a laboratory in Grasse, Roure Bertrand Dupont (nowadays Givaudan), who started with a base of aldehydes, reminiscent of the smell of chic dry cleaners, being a typical perfume of the 1950s, where one begins to use for the juices of the odors of the functional universe. In those years, perfumers also often used bouquets of scents, whereas nowadays the notes are more linear. L'Interdit thus includes tonka bean in the base note. Olfactologist at Givenchy, Françoise Donche notes that “without being sulphurous, L'Interdit evokes a passionate seduction. The mischievous side of the top notes turns out to be quite sensual in the end, the carnation is not so demure and the clove, a burning spice, brings a clearly intoxicating touch.” It is part of the “floral aldehyde” family.
In 1957, Hubert de Givenchy decided to market the perfume, to which Audrey Hepburn replied: “But I forbid you”. The star finally lifted his ban and participated in this to give the name to the perfume.

## Success

L'Interdit quickly became successful with 4000 sales in its first days; a promising figure considering, at the time, it was only sold in France.
# LOHAS

Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS) is a demographic defining a particular market segment related to sustainable living, "green" ecological initiatives, and generally composed of a relatively upscale and well-educated population segment. The author Paul H. Ray, who coined the term Cultural Creatives in his book by the same name, explains that "What you're seeing is a demand for products of equal quality that are also virtuous." Included in the cultural creative demographic are consumers of New Age goods and services.
Researchers have reported a range of sizes of the LOHAS market segment. For example, Worldwatch Institute reported that the LOHAS market segment in the year 2006 was estimated at $300 billion, approximately 30% of the U.S. consumer market; and, a study by the Natural Marketing Institute showed that in 2007, 41 million or 13% of the Americans were included within the LOHAS psychographic. In Japan roughly 17 million adults or 12% of the population are LOHAS consumers.

## Products and services

The marketplace includes goods and services such as:
* Organic and locally grown food
* Organic and natural personal care products
* Hybrid and electric cars as well as city bicycles
* Green and sustainable building
* Sustainable or Ecotourism
* Energy efficient electronics/appliances
* Socially responsible investing
* Natural household products (paper goods and cleaning products)
* Complementary, alternative and preventive medicine (Naturopathy, Chinese medicine, etc.)
* Fair trade products
* Literature in the Mind/Body/Soul, Holistic Health, and New Age genres
# LOGNet

The Army Logistics Network (LOGNet) is an online forum for United States Army logistical professionals. It is part of the Battle Command Knowledge System (BCKS) network.
LOGNet is a U.S. Army-wide Logistics Network and enterprise level knowledge system that supports knowledge flow throughout the logistics community. It is a Community of Practice (CoP) for logisticians maintained by the Combined Arms Support Command, Fort Gregg-Adams, Virginia.
The LOGNet Community of Practice promotes and enhances collaboration, communication and knowledge sharing among logisticians and combat troops. LOGNet is a networked system of Structured Professional Forums, knowledge centers and supporting toolkits that combine to provide an enterprise system for generation, management and application of knowledge products.
LOGNet's ultimate goal is to transform the Army Logistics Community into a learning and teaching organization more highly skilled in the practice of providing superior Combat Service Support to the Army.
# 2012 UCI BMX World Championships

The 2012 UCI BMX World Championships were the seventeenth edition of the UCI BMX World Championships and took place in Birmingham in the United Kingdom and crowned world champions in the cycling discipline of BMX racing.

## Medal summary

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's events ||||
| Elite Men | Sam Willoughby Australia | Joris Daudet France | Moana Moo-Caille France |
| Junior Men | Carlos Ramírez Colombia | Maliek Blyndloss United States | Léopold Tramier France |
| Elite Men Time Trial | Connor Fields United States | Liam Phillips United Kingdom | Sylvain André France |
| Junior Men Time Trial | Romain Mahieu France | Carlos Ramírez Colombia | Lain Van Ogle United States |
| Women's events ||||
| Elite Women | Magalie Pottier France | Eva Ailloud France | Romana Labounková Czech Republic |
| Junior Women | Felicia Stancil United States | Nadja Pries Germany | Dani George United States |
| Elite Women Time Trial | Caroline Buchanan Australia | Shanaze Reade United Kingdom | Eva Ailloud France |
| Junior Women Time Trial | Felicia Stancil United States | Nadja Pries Germany | Simone Christensen Denmark |

## Medal table

* Host nation (Great Britain)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | United States (USA) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
| 2 | France (FRA) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| 3 | Australia (AUS) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Colombia (COL) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Great Britain (GBR)* | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 7 | Czech Republic (CZE) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | Denmark (DEN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | Totals (8 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |
# Market foreclosure

Market foreclosure or vertical foreclosure, is the production limitation put on a producing organisation if either it is denied access to a supplier (upstream foreclosure), or it is denied access to a downstream buyer (downstream foreclosure). A supplier or intermediary in a supply chain could acquire this form of market power against competitors through means of mergers and acquisitions. This amalgamation of suppliers and customers demonstrates vertical integration along a value chain with various strategic and efficiency benefits including elimination of successive monopoly markups and lowering transaction costs.

## Examples

The television industry allows for certain insight when considering vertical integration due to the level of differentiating aspects the market provides. Within this industry, media markets have experienced various occasions in which integrated operators attempt to deter rival program services by means of increasing barriers to entry. Transaction costs being one of these barriers, plays an overwhelming role, effectively guaranteeing networks that have vertically integrated the upper hand in the market due to ability of self production while simultaneously excluding rival program services.
Gasoline production provides another example of supply restraints and competitive dominance by means of vertical integration. Market foreclosure plays a consistent role in the dynamics of the gasoline industry and more specifically with large refineries with significant capabilities of production. Researchers have estimated that US wholesale gasoline prices have been raised by 0.2 to 0.6 cents per gallon due to the market power wielded by vertically integrated players in the industry.

## Vertical integration without market foreclosure

Although generally the trend with vertical integration, the outcome does not always end in a foreclosed market. Researchers reviewing plant and market data in the US cement and concrete industries over a 34-year span, found that vertical integration led to lower prices and higher quantities for consumers. Presumably, this was because of production efficiencies from integration which proved contrary to what one would otherwise expect in a market experiencing foreclosure. Similarly, a review of exclusive dealing practices in the Chicago beer market found evidence that contradicts the effects that is market foreclosure stemming from vertical integration. Research by John Asker conveyed evidence, not unlike the cement and concrete industries; that beer sales weren't diminishing for exclusive markets relative to non-exclusive markets.
# L'Anse Amour

L'Anse Amour (/ˈlænsəmɔːr/) (Cove of Love), romanticized version of Anse aux Morts (Cove of the Dead), is a hamlet located on the north shore of the Strait of Belle Isle, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
As of 2006, it had a population of 8. The population of the village has not been officially counted since, though the total population of Subdivision 10A, which includes L'Anse Amour was 55 in 2021 (down from 61 in 2016). L'Anse Amour is located on Trans-Labrador Highway (Route 510).

## Demographics

The figures below pertain to Division No. 10, Subd. A, which includes L'Anse Amour.
* Population, 2021: 55
* Population, 2016: 61
* Population change, 2016-2021: -9.8 percent
* Area (square kilometers): 3,755.19
No statistics for the town of L'Anse Amour itself are available, though a tourist Web site lists the town's population at 8.

## History

Human activity in the area dates back at least 8,300 years. The oldest evidence for this is a burial mound of a Maritime Archaic boy. His body was wrapped in a shroud of bark or hide and placed face down with his head pointed to the west. A sign at the site describes the significance of the burial mound and reproductions of artifacts found there are located at the Labrador Straits Museum in L'Anse au Loup, Labrador. The burial mound site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1978.
* Burial mound
* The prehistoric burial mound at L'Anse Amour
* Burial mound plaque
Icebergs and a narrow passage make the Strait of Belle Isle a hazardous body of water. At L'Anse Amour, the Gulf of St. Lawrence flows into the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Belle Isle. The wreck of one of the ships to go aground in the passage, HMS Raleigh, is located near Point Amour. A trail along the shore allows visitors to see the rusting remains of the ship, which went aground on August 8, 1922 and was demolished by explosives in 1926.
* Strait of Belle Isle
* Remains of an iceberg in July
* Light cruiser HMS Raleigh, lost on 8 August 1922
* Point Amour Lighthouse, Forteau Bay

## Attractions

L'Anse Amour was nominated in a 2007 CBC Seven Wonders of Canada competition. The nomination cited the seven friendly population of the hamlet and attractions of the area.
The tallest lighthouse in Atlantic Canada is located at nearby Point Amour. A Maritime Archaic mound burial dating to 7500 years ago, L' Anse Amour Burial National Historic Site, is also located nearby.
# L.G.C. Moncarapachense

Lusitano Ginásio Clube Moncarapachense, also commonly known as Moncarapachense, is a Portuguese sports club based in Moncarapacho, Olhão competing in the Campeonato de Portugal following relegation from Liga 3. The club was founded 4 March 1953, influenced by Lusitano Ginásio Clube, from Évora. The club's home ground is the Estádio Dr. António João Eusébio.
# L.H. Ford Bridge

The L.H. Ford Bridge is a concrete balanced cantilever bridge that carries the Mitchell Highway over the Macquarie River in Dubbo, New South Wales. It was officially open to traffic by the Minister for Local Government and Minister for Highways, Pat Morton on 26 September 1969 and named in honour of the former Mayor of Dubbo and Member of the New South Wales Parliament for Dubbo, Les Ford. Work commended in 2018 to strengthen and extend the life of the bridge, with the project completed in 2020.

## History and condition

L.H. Ford Bridge was built in the 1960s to replace an old wooden bridge over the Macquarie River - Wambuul, at the time of its completion, the bridge was the fourth longest highway bridge in NSW at 613 m (2,011 ft) in length. Since its opening, the centre span of the bridge had significantly sagged, reducing the lifespan, causing a noticeable dip and increased maintenance costs. In November 2018 work commenced on strengthening the centre span of the bridge with the construction of two piers in the river to support the centre span and each end of the cantilever fitted with external post tensioning cables, extending the life of the bridge and to allow for heavy vehicles up to 68 tonnes, which was completed in 2020.
# Martha Johnson (singer)

Martha Johnson (born December 18, 1950) is a Canadian rock singer, keyboardist, and songwriter. She is best known as the vocalist of the 1980s rock band Martha and the Muffins.

## Early life

Johnson was born on December 18, 1950, in Toronto, Ontario.

## Career

Johnson worked in Toronto as a medical receptionist. She started her career playing the organ with cover band "Oh Those Pants". She then was part of Toronto band the Doncasters in the early 1970s. Johnson joined David Millar, Mark and Tim Gane, and Carl Finkle to form the band Martha and the Muffins in 1977. The band, later known as M + M, released an international hit single with "Echo Beach", with Johnson as lead singer. In 1985, she and her husband and bandmate Mark Gane were presented with a CASBY award for their production work with the group.
Johnson also released Songs from the Treehouse, a solo children's album, in 1997 for which she won the Juno Award for Best Children's Album at the Juno Awards of 1997.
In 2001, Johnson was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, but continues to perform and to raise awareness in her shows. In 2013, Johnson recorded an album called Solo One with a portion of the proceeds going to the Michael J. Fox Foundation.
In 2016, Johnson participated in the Rock Steady boxing program, which promotes fitness for those living with Parkinson's disease.
In 2022, Johnson provided a pop cultural recommendation in an article appearing in Toronto Life. She recommended watching Ricky Gervais' After Life television series on Netflix.

## Discography
### Solo albums

* 1995: Songs from the Treehouse (credited as Martha) (Muffin Music)
* 2013: Solo One (Muffin Music)

### Guest appearances

* 1982: Gerry Cott – '"Ballad of the Lone Ranger" (single) (Backing vocals by Martha Johnson) (Epic)
* 1985: Northern Lights – "Tears Are Not Enough" (single) (featuring vocals by Martha Johnson) (Columbia)
* 1985: We Are the World (LP) (includes "Tears Are Not Enough") (Columbia)
* 1996: Jack Grunsky – Jumpin' Jack (features "Home Made Cooking" and "Iko Iko", backing vocals by Martha Johnson) (BMG)
* 1996: Schoolyard Jam (features "My Little Sister" by Martha Johnson and "The Fox", "C'est L'Aviron", featuring Martha Johnson on vocals) (Prologue)
* 1999: Ants in Your Pants (CD) (includes "If I Were Not a Little Kid", credited to Martha) (ZepLenz)
* 2000: Love Starts with the Children (CD) (includes "Santa's Gift of Love" by Martha Johnson) (Wellcraft Music Group)
* 2002: Select Cuts from Echo Beach (features vocals by Martha Johnson) (Select Cuts)
* 2006: Heyday! (film) featuring "Let Go" by Martha Johnson
* 2010: La Bella Stella (features "Shooting Stars" by Martha Johnson) (Recess Music)
# Martha Joy

Martha Joy (Born Martha Joy Lim-Fiuza), born in December 8, 1990, is a Filipino-Canadian singer.

## Early years

Joy was born in 1990 in Toronto, Ontario of mixed Filipino and Portuguese parentage. She began singing at a young age with the help of vocal coaches. At her first solo concert in November 2007, Joy performed at the Toronto Centre for the Arts.

## Career

Joy has had solo performances before the United Nations Global Peace Initiative in Geneva, Switzerland; The Mike Bullard Show on CTV; and of the singing of the Canadian national anthem for the Toronto Raptors game at the Air Canada Centre. She sings in English, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Tagalog.
In 2007, Joy auditioned for Canadian Idol, and was at the time the youngest contestant to make it to the Top Ten Finals at the age of 16. Her appearance on the show's fifth season allowed her to pursue a career in the music industry. In February 2008 she signed a recording contract with Viva Records. In February 2009, her debut album Martha Joy was released. Her first single "Dumating ka" was composed by Jimmy Borja.
She has also appeared on SOP Rules and Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman.

## Awards

In 2001, Joy won six first-place awards in the Kiwanis Music Festival.
Joy won Best Contemporary Pop singer and Best Child Broadway performer at the September 2003 Best New Talent Awards in Los Angeles.

## Discography
### Albums

* Martha Joy (2009)

### Singles

* Here I Am (2002); produced by Christian de Walden
* Songs from the Heart (2007); produced by Jack Lenz
* Dumating Ka (2009); produced by Orin Isaacs
# Heidi Pasichow

Heidi M. Pasichow (born May 24, 1955) is an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.

## Education and career

Pasichow earned her Bachelor of Arts from George Washington University in 1977, and her Juris Doctor from Washington College of Law in 1981.
After graduating, she clerked for Judge Sylvia Bacon of the D.C. Superior Court from 1983 to 1985.

### D.C. Superior Court

On December 5, 2006, President George W. Bush nominated her to be an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. Her nomination expired on December 9, 2006, with the end of the 109th United States Congress.
President Bush renominated her on January 9, 2007, to a 15-year term as an associate judge on the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, filling the seat vacated by Anna Blackburne-Rigsby. The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs held a hearing on her nomination on July 23, 2008. The committee reported her nomination favorably to the Senate floor on July 30, 2008. The full Senate confirmed her nomination by voice vote on August 1, 2008,. She was sworn in on August 25, 2008.
# Lynnwood, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania

Lyndwood is a place located in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania in the United States of America. Its latitude is 41°14'5" North; longitude is 75°55'55" West.
41°14′05″N 75°55′54″W﻿ / ﻿41.23472°N 75.93167°W﻿ / 41.23472; -75.93167
* This Luzerne County, Pennsylvania state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Summit Station

Summit Station may refer to:
* Summit Station, California (disambiguation)
* Summit Station, Greenland, a research station in Greenland
* Summit Station, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated place in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States
See also
# Larmour

Larmour is a surname. Notable people by that name include:
* Albert Larmour (born 1951), former Northern Irish professional footballer.
* Alwin Corden Larmour (1886–1946), British churchman, school teacher and philatelist.
* Davy Larmour (boxer) (born 1952), former boxer from Northern Ireland.
* Davy Larmour (footballer) (born 1977), retired football player.
* Jordan Larmour (born 1997), Irish rugby player.
* Noel Larmour (1916-1999), Irish cricketer and politician.
# Londina Illustrata

Londina Illustrata. Graphic and Historic Memorials of Monasteries, Churches, Chapels, Schools, Charitable Foundations, Palaces, Halls, Courts, Processions, Places of Early Amusement and Modern & Present Theatres, In the Cities and Suburbs of London & Westminster was a book published in two volumes by Robert Wilkinson in 1819 & 1825, that had initially been released with William Herbert as groups of engravings between 1808 and 1819 which featured topographical illustrations by some of the foremost engravers and illustrators of the day, of the cities of London and Westminster, the county of Middlesex and some areas south of the River Thames, then in Surrey, such as Southwark.
Most of the plates carry names of the draughtsman and engraver. A few early artists are included such as Wenceslaus Hollar. More recent draughtsmen included Robert Blemmell Schnebbelie, Frederick Nash, William Capon, George Jones, H. Gardner, George Shepherd, William Goodman, C.J.M. Whichelo, John Carter, Fellows, C. Westmacott, E. Burney, Bartholomew Howlett, Thomas H. Shepherd, Banks, Ravenhill, William Oram. Engravers include James Stow, T. Dale, Bartholomew Howlett, John Whichelo, W. Wise, Samuel Rawle, T. Bourne, H. Cook, M. Springsguth, Wenceslaus Hollar, Joseph Skelton, Israel Silvestre, Richard Sawyer, S. Springsguth junr., Taylor.