OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Image foresting transform

In the practice of digital image processing Alexandre X. Falcao, Jorge Stolfi, and Roberto de Alencar Lotufo have created and proven that the Image Foresting Transform (IFT) can be used as a time saver in processing 2-D, 3-D images, and moving images.

## History

In 1959 Dijkstra used a balanced heap data structure to improve upon an algorithm presented by Moore in 1957 and Bellman in 1958 that computed the cost of the paths in a general graph. The Bucket sorting technique is how Dial improved on the algorithm a decade later. The algorithm has been tweaked and modified in many ways since then. It is on this version that Falcao, Stolfi, and Lotufo improved.

## Definition

The transform is a tweaked version of Dijkstra’s shortest-path algorithm that is optimized for using more than one input and the maximization of digital image processing operators. The transform makes a graph of the pixels in an image and the connections between these points are the "cost" of the path portrayed. The cost is calculated by inspecting the characteristics, for example, grey scale, color, gradient among many others, of the path between pixels. Trees are made by connecting the pixels that have the same or close cost for applying the operator decided upon. The robustness of the transform does come at a cost and uses a lot of storage space for the code and the data being processed. When the transform is through, the predecessor, cost, and label are returned. Most of the operators that are used for digital image processing can use these three pieces of information to be optimized.

## Optimization

Depending on which digital image processing operator has been decided upon the algorithm can be further tweaked for optimization depending upon what that operator uses. The algorithm can also be optimized by cutting out the recalculation of paths. This is accomplished by using an external reference table to keep track of the calculated paths. "Backward Arcs" can be eliminated by comparing the cost of the path in both directions and eliminating the more expensive path. There is also a case where the algorithm returns infinity for some of the paths. In this case, a threshold number can be set to replace infinity, or the path will be eliminated and not used in further calculations.
# Let Dai

Let Dai is a Korean manhwa series by Won Soo-yeon (원수연). It is published in English by NETCOMICS.

## Plot

The story of Let Dai revolves around forbidden love and betrayal. Set in a soulless neo-Seoul ruled by young punks and pleasure seekers where lives the amoral teenage protagonist named Dai who is the living embodiment of the city's beauty and cruelty. As the leader of the vicious Furies gang, Dai seduces everyone who lays eyes on him, only to blind them to his own barbaric nature. When honest schoolboy Jaehee rescues a beautiful girl from being mugged by the Furies, he doesn't realize how this brief encounter will plunge him into a downward spiral of unbridled passion and unfathomable pain. From his brutal gang initiation to an unspeakable act committed against his girlfriend, the story shows how Jaehee wavers uncomfortably between revulsion and fascination. And in Dai he finds a tender, caring friend one moment and a heartless sociopath the next, awakening strange and unhealthy desires in Jaehee that he could never before have imagined.

## Characters

Jaehee Yoo A normal high school kid who buys a rose for his girlfriend on Valentine's Day until he meets Dai. In the midst of pain and suffering Dai inflicts on him, Jaehee is drawn to Dai through doubts and love.
Dai Lee Dai's very existence proves that evil is real. With his unpredictable and unreasonable violent behavior and madness, At first, Dai seems to be the Devil himself, but as time passes he gradually shows his true nature and forms a deep bond with Jaehee.
Eunhyung Song Jaehee's girlfriend and Yooneun's younger sister. She is bubbly and cute, with a bright personality. However, being raped by some members of the Furies changes her life forever.
Yooneun Song
Eunhyung's older sister who gets involved with Dai when she gets in trouble with the Furies and is saved by Jaehee. Having fallen in love with Jaehee, Yooneun tries to bring Jaehee, who is drawn to Dai, back to his innocent days.
Naru Hagi A class clown and close friend of Jaehee. Always wears different wigs and hats. He falls in love with Eunhyung but fate brings them apart.
# 1967–68 Roller Hockey Champions Cup

The 1967–68 Roller Hockey Champions Cup was the 3rd edition of the Roller Hockey Champions Cup organized by CERH.
Reus Deportiu achieved their second consecutive title.

## Teams

The champions of the main European leagues, and Reus Deportiu as title holders, played this competition, consisting in a double-legged knockout tournament. As Reus Deportiu was also the Spanish league champions, Mataró also joined the tournament.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Triestina | 5 | 2 | 7 | | | | |
| Gujan-Mestras | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| Gujan-Mestras | 0 | 1 | 1 | Triestina | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| | | | | Residentie | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Hüls | 2 | 2 | 4 | Residentie | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Residentie | 8 | 11 | 19 | | | | | | | | |
| Residentie | 8 | 11 | 19 | | | | | Triestina | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| | | | | | | | | Reus Deportiu | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| | | | | Reus Deportiu | 3 | 0 | 3 | | | | |
| | | | | Mataró | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Benfica | 4 | 1 | 5 | Mataró | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Mataró | 3 | 3 | 6 | | | | |
Source:
# 1976–77 Liga Alef

The 1976–77 Liga Alef season was the first in which Liga Alef was the third tier of Israeli football due to the formation of Liga Artzit.
Hapoel Tirat HaCarmel (champions of the North Division) and Hapoel Beit Shemesh (champions of the South Division) won the title and promotion to Liga Artzit.

## North Division

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Hapoel Tirat HaCarmel | 26 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 46 | 19 | +27 | 39 | Promoted to Liga Artzit |
| 2 | Hapoel Kiryat Shmona | 26 | 13 | 6 | 7 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 32 | |
| 3 | Hapoel Herzliya | 26 | 11 | 6 | 9 | 41 | 32 | +9 | 28 | |
| 4 | Hapoel Beit She'an | 26 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 32 | 31 | +1 | 28 | |
| 5 | Maccabi Herzliya | 26 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 36 | 29 | +7 | 27 | |
| 6 | Hapoel Afikim | 26 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 35 | 32 | +3 | 26 | |
| 7 | Hapoel Tel Hanan | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 27 | 26 | +1 | 26 | |
| 8 | Hapoel Bnei Nazareth | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 26 | |
| 9 | Hapoel Nahariya | 26 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 25 | |
| 10 | Hapoel Ra'anana | 26 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 34 | 42 | −8 | 24 | |
| 11 | Hapoel Nazareth Illit | 26 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 27 | 31 | −4 | 22 | |
| 12 | Hapoel Nahliel | 26 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 29 | 36 | −7 | 21 | |
| 13 | Hapoel Mahane Yehuda | 26 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 30 | 38 | −8 | 20 | Relegated to Liga Bet |
| 14 | Hapoel Safed | 26 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 25 | 46 | −21 | 16 | Relegated to Liga Bet |
* 1 2 2 points deducted.

## South Division

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Hapoel Beit Shemesh | 26 | 16 | 6 | 4 | 40 | 17 | +23 | 38 | Promoted to Liga Artzit |
| 2 | Maccabi Yavne | 29 | 13 | 5 | 11 | 31 | 22 | +9 | 31 | |
| 3 | Hapoel Bat Yam | 26 | 11 | 7 | 8 | 36 | 30 | +6 | 29 | |
| 4 | SK Nes Tziona | 26 | 13 | 3 | 10 | 28 | 28 | 0 | 29 | |
| 5 | Hapoel Marmorek | 26 | 12 | 4 | 10 | 36 | 30 | +6 | 28 | |
| 6 | Hapoel Ashkelon | 26 | 6 | 15 | 5 | 22 | 19 | +3 | 27 | |
| 7 | Beitar Ramla | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 33 | 29 | +4 | 26 | |
| 8 | Beitar Ekron Ashdod | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 32 | 30 | +2 | 26 | |
| 9 | Hapoel Ramla | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 29 | 33 | −4 | 26 | |
| 10 | Maccabi Ramat HaShikma | 26 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 27 | 32 | −5 | 24 | |
| 11 | Hapoel Or Yehuda | 26 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 22 | 31 | −9 | 23 | |
| 12 | Hapoel Rosh HaAyin | 26 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 41 | 40 | +1 | 22 | |
| 13 | Hapoel Dimona | 26 | 5 | 11 | 10 | 29 | 29 | 0 | 21 | Relegated to Liga Bet |
| 14 | Hapoel Be'er Ya'akov | 26 | 4 | 4 | 18 | 26 | 63 | −37 | 12 | Relegated to Liga Bet |
* ↑ 2 points deducted.
# Mustajõe

Mustajõe is a village in Põlva Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia.
# Mrs Campbell McInnes (painting)

Mrs Campbell McInnes is an oil-on-canvas painting by English artist John Collier, created in 1912. It was made in London, England, and is signed by the artist. It is held at the National Gallery of Victoria, in Melbourne, which acquired it in 1960.

## Description

English writer Angela Campbell, who was a maternal granddaughter of the Pre-Raphaelite painter Edward Burne-Jones, married the English professional singer James Campbell McInnes in 1911, thus becoming Angela Campbell McInnes, until their divorce in 1917. After her marriage to the Australian engineer George Thirkel, in 1918, she became known as Angela Thirkell, and she would be a renowned novelist under that name.
In this portrait, made shortly after her first marriage, she appears standing in front of an empty background, with her hands crossed and looking calmly directly to the viewer, while also wearing a fine blue dress, a blue collar and a fashionable dark hat with a red plume.
# Mordellistena falsoparvuliformis

Mordellistena falsoparvuliformis is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1963 by Ermisch.
# Michal Franc

Michal Franc (born 2 November 1967) is a Czech fencer. He competed in the team épée event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Acestrorhynchus falcirostris

Acestrorhynchus falcirostris is a species of fish in the family Acestrorhynchidae. It was described by Georges Cuvier in 1819, originally under the genus Hydrocyon. It inhabits the Orinoco and Amazon Rivers in the area of Guyana, at a pH range of 5.2–7.2, and a dH range of 5–18. It reaches a maximum standard length of 45 cm (18 in).
The diet of A. falcirostris includes finfish, shrimp and insects. It is harvested by commercial fisheries, and is also sold to public aquariums.
# Immune adherence

Immune adherence was described by Nelson (1953) for an in vitro immunological reaction between normal erythrocytes and a wide variety of microorganisms sensitized with their individually specific antibody and complement; erythrocytes were observed to adhere to microorganisms. It was later recognized to occur in vivo.
The phenomenon is now resolved as a complement-dependent binding reaction of erythrocytes to microorganisms where specific antibodies are engaged in the process. The reaction process is as follows: any microorganisms are bound with their specific antibodies, if they are produced, which activate the classical pathway of the complement system. The cascade begins to work from C1 to C3b through C4b, C3b being further transformed to iC3b (inactive derivative of C3b), all of which, C4b and thereafter, remain to bind to the surface of the microbe. Because primate erythrocytes express complement receptor 1 (CR1) on their surface and having binding specificity to C4b, C3b, or iC3b, erythrocytes accumulate on the microbe via CR1-complement binding.

## Function of the immune adherence (in vivo)

Human erythrocytes express 100 to 1,000 CR1 per cell, the average number of approximately 300 being an inherited characteristics. Immune complexes bound to erythrocytes are effectively removed from the circulation, which is presumed alternatively to prevent deposition at tissue sites, for example, the renal glomerulus. Erythrocytes bearing immune complexes traverse sinusoids of the liver and spleen, where they encounter fixed phagocytes. Phagocytes expressing CR1, CR3, and Fcγ receptors effect a transfer of the immune complexes to their surface. Then erythrocytes leave the liver and spleen bearing off immune complexes and work on the next round of transfer of immune complexes after adhering to them.
# Leroy Colquhoun

Leroy Colquhoun (born 1 March 1980) is a Jamaican sprinter. He won a silver medal in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships and a gold medal in the same event at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships.
Colquhoun ran track collegiately at Louisiana State University.
Before starting his sprinting career he attended trials for the Jamaica national bobsled team.

## Personal bests

* 400 metres – 45.50 (2001)
* 400 metres hurdles – 48.79 (2005)
# The Agrarian History of England and Wales

The Agrarian History of England and Wales is an academic work, published by Cambridge University Press, which in 8 volumes covers the period from the origins to 1939. Vols. 1, 5 and 7 are each in two parts. Joan Thirsk edited volumes 4 and 5, and was appointed in 1974 general editor of the following volumes (6 to 8).

## Volumes

Details for each volume :
| Vol. | Period covered | Published in | ISBN | Pages | Authors |
| 1,1 | Prehistory | | | | Edited by Stuart Piggott |
| 1,2 | A.D. 43–1042 | 2011 | | 1080 | Edited by H. P. R. Finberg |
| 2 | 1042-1350 | 1988 | | 1128 | Edited by H.E. Hallam |
| 3 | 1200–1500 | | ISBN 0-521-20074-1, ISBN 978-0-521-20074-5 | 1008 | Edward Miller, Joan Thirsk, Stuart Piggott, H. P. R. Finberg, H. E. Hallam, G. E. Mingay, E. J. T. Collins, Edith Holt Whetham |
| 4 | 1500–1640 | 1967 | ISBN 978-0521066174 (Hardcover); ISBN 978-0521200202 (Paperback) | 919 | Edited by Joan Thirsk |
| 5,1 | 1640–1750: Regional farming systems | 1984 | | | Edited by Joan Thirsk |
| 5,2 | 1640–1750: Agrarian change | 1985 | | 856 | Edited by Joan Thirsk |
| 6 | 1750–1850 | 1989 | | 1248 | Edited by G. E. Mingay |
| 7,1 | 1850–1914 | 2011 | | 2333 | Edited by E. J. T. Collins |
| 7,2 | 1850–1914 | | | | Edited by E. J. T. Collins |
| 8 | 1914–1939 | 1978 | | 384 | Edited by E. H. Whetham |

## Online volumes

Several volumes and chapters are online. See online copies.
# Muntinlupa-Parañaque-Las Piñas F.A.

The Muntinlupa-Parañaque-Las Piñas Football Association, also known as the MPLFA, is a Filipino football association based in Metro Manila. It works as the football association for the Muntinlupa-Parañaque-Las Piñas area and organizes local tournaments, such as the MPLFA Premier League. It is not yet a regular member of the Philippine Football Federation.
* This article about sports in Philippines is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about an association football-related organization is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Howard Smith Building

The former Howard Smith Building is a heritage listed building located at 1-3 Mouat Street on the corner with Phillimore Street in the Fremantle West End Heritage area. It was one of many commercial buildings constructed in Fremantle during the gold boom period in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Construction of the building commenced in 1900. The building is three storeys tall and is made from brick and stone. It has zero setback from the footpath, the ground floor is stone and the upper floors are painted tuck point brick with engaged pilasters with an ashlar effect to the first floor. There is a decorative parapet with two tall and highly decorative pediments.
Howard Smith Limited operated primarily as a shipping company with passenger services extended to Fremantle in 1893.
The building is currently occupied by the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Notre Dame University. The University spent A$2.78 million on refurbishing both the Howard Smith and the neighbouring Australian United Steam Navigation Company Building prior to moving in. The architect for the renovation was Marcus Collins and the builder was Bill Fairweather.
# Mordellistena feigei

Mordellistena feigei is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1956 by Ermisch.
# Mark McCarthy

Mark I. McCarthy FMedSci FRCP FRSB is the Robert Turner Professor of Diabetic Medicine at the University of Oxford, where he is also a senior research fellow of Green Templeton College. He is recognized for his research on the genetic basis of type II diabetes.
# Lost Gems & Rare Tracks

Lost Gems & Rare Tracks is a compilation of singles, unreleased tracks, demos and other rare songs by queercore band Pansy Division. It was released exclusively on iTunes in 2010. The album follows the band's two other rarities albums 1995's Pile Up and 1997's More Lovin' from Our Oven.

## Track listing

* "Homosapien" (7" version) (Pete Shelley)
* "I Really Wanted You" (7" version) (Jon Ginoli)
* "Son of a Preacher Man" (John Hurley, Ronnie Wilkins)
* "Can't Make Love" (Wall of Voodoo)
* "Loose" (The Stooges)
* "Musclehead" (Ginoli)
* "Used To Turn Me On" (demo version) (Chris Freeman, Ginoli)
* "Vicious Beauty" (live) (Ginoli, Pansy Division)
* "I Can Make You a Man" (Richard O'Brien)
* "You Make Me Hot" (The Donnas)
* "Your Loss" (Ginoli)
* "I Know Your Type" (Freeman)
* "Too Many Hoops" (alternate guitar solo) (Ginoli, Freeman)
* "Coming Clean" (Billie Joe Armstrong)

## Track origins

* "Homosapien" B-side to "Touch My Joe Camel" single (1993)
* "I Really Wanted You" B-side to "Jackson" single (1994)
* "Can't Make Love" from Generations, Vol 1: A Punk Look at Human Rights (1997)
* "Loose" from We Will Fall: The Iggy Pop Tribute (1997)
* "Musclehead" from Forward 'Til Death: A Sampler Compilation (1999)
* "Used to Turn Me On" (Demo) "from Lookout! Freakout (2000)
* "I Can Make You A Man" from The Rocky Horror Punk Rock Show (2004)
* "Coming Clean" B-side to "Average Man" single (2009)

## Personnel

* Jon Ginoli- guitar, vocals
* Chris Freeman- bass, vocals
* Patrick Goodwin- guitar tracks 5-13
* Luis Illades- drums on tracks 5-14
* David Ward- drums on track 1
* Dustin Donaldson- drums on tracks 2-3
* Tre Cool- drums on track 4
* Joel Reader- guitar on track 14
# Leroy Cooper

Leroy Cooper may refer to:
* Leroy Gordon Cooper, Jr. (1927–2004), American aerospace engineer, pilot and astronaut
* Leroy Cooper (musician) (1928–2009), American jazz and R&B saxophonist
* Leroy Cooper (photographer) (died 2023), English photographer
# Muruwari

The Muruwari, also spelt Murawari, Murawarri, Murrawarri and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the state of New South Wales and the southwestern area of Queensland.

## Language

A monograph on and a dictionary of Muruwari have been published by Lynette Oates.

## Country

The Muruwari lands stretch over some 6,300 square miles (16,000 km$^2$) around Barringun, on the Queensland - New South Wales border, extending north as far as Mulga Downs and Weela in the former state. It includes Enngonia on the Warrego River; Brenda, and Weilmoringle on the Culgoa River, as well as Milroy, and south as far as the vicinity of Collerina.

## History of contact

The explorer Thomas Mitchell, during his expedition to find a route to the Gulf of Carpentaria, surveyed the area of the Culgoa and Balonne Rivers in 1846, relying on a Wiradjuri guide and interpreter Yuranigh. At the same time, In 1845 his son Roderick Mitchell, who was Commissioner of Crown Lands, on hearing stockmen's reports of rich pasturage in the area, began mapping it. By 1850 regulations allowed settlers to take up 50 square miles (130 km$^2$) of land on 14 year leases. Conflicts arose over land use, and several massacres and killings took place in the following years.
Many Muruwari attached themselves to established stations, working there except for specific periods when ritual duties or "going bush" led them to take leave: newspaper reports at the time single out Thomas Caddell's Tatala run, managed by Frederick Wherritt, as a station where relations were conducted "with tact and humanity". Wherritt's approach paid off: several hundred sheep were saved in the 1861 flood when the local blacks rescued them by herding them up to the one piece of high dry ground in the area.

## Alternative names

* Murawari, Murawarri, Murrawarri, Muruworri, Muruwurri
* Murueri
* Moorawarree, Moorawarrie
* Marawari
# 1980 Avon Championships of Houston

The 1980 Avon Championships of Houston was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Summit in Houston, Texas in the United States that was part of the 1980 Avon Championships Circuit. It was the 10th edition of the tournament and was held from February 25 through March 2, 1980. Third-seeded Billie Jean King won the singles title and earned $30,000 first-prize money.

## Finals
### Singles

Billie Jean King defeated Martina Navratilova 6–1, 6–3
* It was King's 2nd title of the year and the 125th of her career.

### Doubles

Billie Jean King / Ilana Kloss defeated Betty Stöve / Wendy Turnbull 3–6, 6–1, 6–4

## Prize money

| Event | W | F | 3rd | 4th | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 |
| Singles | $30,000 | $15,000 | $7,500 | $7,200 | $3,500 | $1,750 | $700 |
# Harry Greenspun

Harry Greenspun is a physician-executive and co-author of the book, “Reengineering Healthcare: A Manifesto for Radically Rethinking Health Care Delivery” with Jim Champy Currently he serves as the Chief Medical Officer of Guidehouse LLP.
He serves on the World Economic Forum’s Global Health Advisory Board, was chairman of the HIMSS Government Relations Roundtable, and is a co-chair of the HIMSS task force that created the white paper, “Enabling Healthcare Reform Using Information Technology”. He has also made recommendations to the Obama administration and Congress on the importance of health IT investment.
Before joining Guidehouse, Greenspun served as Chief Medical Officer for Northrop Grumman Corporation and for Dell, and provided subject matter expertise, thought leadership, and strategic direction for the company. He is an educator and consultant, sharing his expertise and experience for many organizations including the Advisory Board Company. He also sits on boards for Tufts University, George Mason University, and BNA.
In 2010, Modern Healthcare magazine named Greenspun one of the "50 Most Powerful Physician Executives in Healthcare."
Greenspun received his bachelor's degree from Harvard University and his medical degree from the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He completed his residency and fellowship at Johns Hopkins Hospital, where he served as chief resident in the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine.