OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2011 Serbia Open – Doubles

Santiago González and Travis Rettenmaier were the defending champions, but Rettenmaier chose to play in the Estoril Open. González teamed up with Igor Zelenay of Slovakia, but they were eliminated by František Čermák and Filip Polášek who eventually won the title; beating in the final the Austrian pair Oliver Marach and Alexander Peya 7–5, 6–2.

## Seeds

* Marcel Granollers / Nenad Zimonjić (semifinals)
* Jonathan Erlich / Andy Ram (semifinals)
* František Čermák / Filip Polášek (champions)
* Oliver Marach / Alexander Peya (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | M Granollers N Zimonjić | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | D Savić M Zekić | 3 | 2 | | 1 | M Granollers N Zimonjić | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Nishikori L Zovko | 6 | 6 | | | K Nishikori L Zovko | 2 | 0 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | I Bozoljac D Vemić | 3 | 3 | | | | | | 1 | M Granollers N Zimonjić | 0 | 4 | | | | | |
| 4 | O Marach A Peya | 6 | 7 | | | | | | 4 | O Marach A Peya | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | M Elgin M Kukushkin | 3 | 5 | | 4 | O Marach A Peya | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Y-h Lu M Zverev | 6 | 2 | [10] | | Y-h Lu M Zverev | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Ferreiro A Sá | 1 | 6 | [7] | | | | | | | | | | 4 | O Marach A Peya | 5 | 2 |
| | C Fleming D Martin | 2 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 7 | 6 |
| | S González I Zelenay | 6 | 7 | | | S González I Zelenay | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Isner I Marchenko | 4 | 1 | | 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 3 | F Čermák F Polášek | 7 | 1 | [10] | | | | |
| | G García-López A Montañés | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 2 | J Erlich A Ram | 5 | 6 | [5] | | | | |
| | M Emmrich T Kamke | 1 | 4 | | | G García-López A Montañés | 2 | 0 | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Devvarman TC Huey | 3 | 6 | [1] | 2 | J Erlich A Ram | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | J Erlich A Ram | 6 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Stephen Morris

Stephen or Steven Morris may refer to:

## Sportspeople

* Stephen Morris (American football) (born 1992), American football player
* Stephen Morris (runner) (born 1988), British Paralympic athlete
* Stephen Morris (footballer) (born 1976), English footballer
* Steven Morris (Australian footballer) (born 1988), Australian rules footballer
* Steven Morris (footballer, born 1986), U.S.-born Honduran soccer player

## Others

* Stephen Morris (politician) (born 1946), member of the Kansas Senate
* Stephen Morris (musician) (born 1957), rock musician in the bands Joy Division, New Order, The Other Two and Bad Lieutenant
* Stephen Morris (theologian), Eastern Orthodox priest and writer
* Stephen Morris (economist), game theorist at MIT, president of the Econometric Society, and former editor of Econometrica
* Stephen Morris (novel), a 1961 novel by Nevile Shute
# Kustanaysky Uyezd

Kustanaysky Uyezd (Кустанайский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Turgay Oblast of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kustanay (Kostanay).

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Kustanaysky Uyezd had a population of 152,556. Of these, 77.4% spoke Kazakh, 16.9% Russian, 2.3% Ukrainian, 1.3% Mordvin, 1.1% Tatar and 0.8% Bashkir as their native language.
# Kuzuluk, Refahiye

Kuzuluk is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 38 in 2022.
It is a former Greek village and formerly had a Kurdish population as well.
# 2012 Bandy World Championship squads

Below are the squads for the 2012 Bandy World Championship final tournament in Kazakhstan.

## Group A
### Sweden

Coach: Franco Bergman
| Pos. | Player | Club |
| 1GK | Andreas Bergwall | Dynamo Kazan |
| 1GK | Anders Svensson | Edsbyn |
| | Olov Englund | Hammarby |
| | Per Hellmyrs | Bollnäs |
| | Andreas Westh | Bollnäs |
| | Daniel Berlin | Sandviken |
| | Hans Andersson | Edsbyn |
| | Johan Löfstedt | Sandviken |
| | Stefan Erixon | Hammarby |
| | Ted Bergström | Broberg |
| | Linus Pettersson | Sandviken |
| | Erik Säfström | Sandviken |
| | Daniel Mossberg | Dynamo Moscow |
| | Jonas Edling | Edsbyn |
| | Christian Mickelsson | Sirius |
| | Daniel Välitalo | Edsbyn |
| | Daniel Andersson | Villa Lidköping |
| | Johan Esplund | Zorky |
# State Highway 7 (New Zealand)

State Highway 7 is a major New Zealand state highway. One of the eight national highways, it crosses the Southern Alps to link the West Coast Region with Canterbury and to form a link between the South Island's two longest highways, State Highway 1 and State Highway 6. Distances are measured from east to west with the major junction list going from east to west.
For most of its length SH 7 is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, both in rural and urban areas. There are a number of passing lanes at irregular intervals through the rural sections. The New Zealand Transport Agency classifies SH 7 as a primary collector highway, preferring State Highway 73 via Arthur's Pass as the strategic highway between Canterbury and the West Coast.

## Route

The highway leaves SH 1 at Waipara, some 60 kilometres north of Christchurch, and initially heads north, crossing several rivers and skirting the Balmoral State Forest. After crossing the Hurunui River there is a 13.7 km straight, the longest straight section of highway in New Zealand. Just north of Culverden, it reaches the valley of the Waiau River and turns west to the course of this river and its tributary the Lewis River up the valley to the 907-metre Lewis Pass, the northernmost of the three main road passes across the Southern Alps.
On the western side of the pass, the highway enters the small spa town of Maruia Springs, before continuing northwest along the valley of the Maruia River to Springs Junction, where it meets SH 65. From here, the highway crosses a smaller pass, the Rahu Saddle, before following the valley of the Inangahua River to the town of Reefton.
From Reefton, the highway turns southwest at the intersection with SH 69, following the course of the Grey River to within two kilometres of its mouth at Greymouth, where SH 7 terminates at its junction with SH 6.

## Spur sections

SH 7 has one spur, designated State Highway 7A. This 9.4 kilometre stretch links State Highway 7 at the Waiau bridge with the alpine thermal resort town of Hanmer Springs.

## Major intersections

| Territorial authority | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Hurunui District | Waipara | 0 | 0.0 | SH 1 north (Omihi Road) – Cheviot, Picton SH 1 south (Glasnevin Road) – Amberley, Christchurch | SH 7 begins |
| Hurunui District | Culverden | 44 | 27 | Alpine Pacific Triangle (Rotherham South Road) – Mt Lyford Village, Kaikōura | via the Inland Kaikōura Road |
| Hurunui District | Tekoa Range | 68 | 42 | SH 7A (Hanmer Springs Road) – Hanmer Springs | |
| Hurunui District / Buller District boundary | Maruia Springs | 131 | 81 | Lewis Pass 864 m (2,835 ft) | Lewis Pass 864 m (2,835 ft) |
| Buller District | Springs Junction | 152 | 94 | SH 65 (Shenandoah Highway) – Murchison, Nelson | |
| Buller District | Reefton | 196 | 122 | SH 69 (Sinnamon Street) – Westport, Nelson | |
| Grey District | Greymouth | 272 | 169 | SH 6 south (Smith Street) – Hokitika, Haast SH 6 north (Cobden Road) – Runanga, Westport | SH 7 ends |
# Kundalila Falls

Kundalila Falls, sometimes alternatively spelled as Nkundalila Falls, is an exquisite natural waterfall situated amidst the captivating escarpment landscape of Central Province, near the town of Kanona in the Serenje District. Cascading along the course of the Kaombe River, this waterfall descends from the formidable Muchinga Escarpment in a series of stages, collectively forming a mesmerizing drop of approximately 30 meters. The falls exhibit a distinctive morphology, initially resembling rivulets of rocky cascades at their zenith, converging into a double-barreled descent in their middle section, before ultimately coalescing into a single cascade as they reach their base. Kundalila Falls holds a prestigious status as a national heritage site under the purview of the National Heritage and Conservation Commission (NHCC). This designation was officially conferred upon the falls in the year 1964, underscoring its historical and ecological significance within Zambia.

## Etymology and Cultural Significance

The name 'Kundalila Falls' derives its meaning from the Bemba language, the predominant vernacular in Northern Zambia. 'Kunda' translates to 'dove,' while 'lila' signifies 'crying.' Consequently, Kundalila Falls is interpreted as crying doves,a nomenclature steeped in local lore and history. Legend has it that white prospectors, in the bygone days, hunted the now-extinct doves that once inhabited this region, seeking their gizzards. It was believed that these doves might have ingested specks of gold dust while foraging for worms or other ground-based sustenance. This belief led to the association of the falls with crying doves, and hence its evocative name.

## Peak Season Spectacle

Kundalila Falls boasts a distinctive charm during and after the rainy season when the volume of water in the Kaombe River swells to remarkable levels. During this period, a captivating curtain of water, believed to be between 50 and 60 meters high, is created as the water cascades into a gorge. The spectacle is heightened by the presence of a rainbow, forming a visual and auditory treat as the falling water emits a soothing sound audible from a distance.

## Getting There

To reach Kundalila Falls, travelers can drive to the small settlement of Kanona, where a well-marked track, signposted as 'Kundalila Falls National Monument,' branches off from the main road. Kanona is conveniently located on the Great North Road, approximately 65 kilometers beyond the Serenje turn-off, 23 kilometers east of the Chinese Road (the turning to Mansa), and 180 kilometers southwest of Mpika. The track is approximately 14 kilometers long, and en route, visitors will cross a railway and pass a 'Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses.'
# Kundalini (disambiguation)

Kundalini is a spiritual energy in yogic philosophy.
Kundalini may also refer to:
* Yoga-kundalini Upanishad, the secret doctrine of Kundalini Yoga (Vedic Yoga Philosophy)
* Kundalini yoga, schools of yoga
# Marie-Hélène Peugeot-Roncoroni

Marie-Hélène Peugeot-Roncoroni (born c. 1961) is a French heiress and businesswoman.

## Early life

Marie-Hélène Peugeot was born circa 1961. Her father, Pierre Peugeot, served as the Chairman of Peugeot. She has three siblings, including Thierry Peugeot.
She graduated from Sciences Po.

## Career

Peugeot-Roncoroni started her career in an accounting firm.
She later joined her family business, Peugeot, where she worked in "corporate finance, industrial relations and human resources". She served on the Supervisory Board of PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1999 to 2014. She has served as its Vice Chairman since 2014. She also serves on the Board of Directors of Société Foncière Financières et de Participations, the family investment company. Additionally, she serves as the Chief Operating Officer and Director of Etablissements Peugeot Frères, a Peugeot investment firm. She also serves on the Board of Directors of Simante SL.
She served on the Board of Directors of ONET S.A, a waste management and pest repellant company headquartered in Marseille. She also serves on the Boards of the Assurances Mutuelles de France, the French insurance company for civil servants, and ESSO, the French subsidiary of ExxonMobil.

## Philanthropy

She serves on the board of trustees of the Institut Diderot, a French think tank.

## Personal life

She is married to Mr Roncoroni. She has four children.
# 2012 Drake Bulldogs football team

The 2012 Drake Bulldogs football team represented Drake University as member of the Pioneer Football League (PFL) during the 2012 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Chris Creighton, the Bulldogs compiled and overall record of 8–3 with a mark of 7–1 in conference play, sharing the PFL title with Butler and San Diego. This was the second consecutive season that Drake claimed a share of the conference championship. The team played home games at Drake Stadium in Des Moines, Iowa.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| August 30 | 1:00 pm | Grand View* | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 28–8 | 4,158 |
| September 8 | 6:00 pm | No. 4 Montana State* | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | L 24–34 | 3,558 |
| September 15 | 1:00 pm | at No. 22 Indiana State* | Memorial StadiumTerre Haute, IN | L 10–27 | 7,189 |
| September 22 | 1:00 pm | Morehead State | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 28–25 | 3,540 |
| September 29 | 12:00 pm | at Campbell | Barker–Lane StadiumBuies Creek, NC | W 35–7 | 3,370 |
| October 6 | 1:00 pm | San Diego | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 38–10 | 3,154 |
| October 13 | 12:00 pm | at Valparaiso | Brown FieldValparaiso, IN | W 35–21 | 1,189 |
| October 20 | 1:00 pm | Marist | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 34–27 $^{OT}$ | 1,805 |
| November 3 | 12:00 pm | at Dayton | Welcome StadiumDayton, OH (rivalry) | L 13–28 | 2,641 |
| November 10 | 1:00 pm | Butler | Drake StadiumDes Moines, IA | W 45–20 | 2,833 |
| November 17 | 12:00 pm | at Jacksonville | D. B. Milne FieldJacksonville, FL | W 32–29 | 2,012 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from The Sports Network Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Central time ||||||
# Kulti

Kulti is a neighbourhood in Asansol. Asansol is located in Paschim Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is governed by Asansol Municipal Corporation.

## Geography

Kulti is located at latitude 23°43'60N and longitude 86°50'60E at an elevation of 114 meters.
As per the 2011 census, 83.33% of the population of Asansol Sadar subdivision was urban and 16.67% was rural. Asansol Sadar subdivision has 26 (+1 partly) Census Towns.(partly presented in the map alongside; all places marked on the map are linked in the full-screen map).

## Administration

As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, 282 Kulti assembly constituency covers Kulti municipality. Kulti assembly segment is part of Asansol (Lok Sabha constituency). Ujjal Chatterjee of Trinamool Congress won the Kulti assembly seat in 2006. Maniklal Acharya of Forward Bloc had won the seat in 2001. Prior to that the seat was won by Maniklal Acharjee of Forward Bloc in 1996 and 1991, Tuhin Samanta of Congress in 1987, Madhu Banerjee of Forward Bloc in 1982 and 1977. Ramdas Banerjee of Congress won in 1972 and 1971, Dr. Taraknath Chakrabarti of Samyukta Socialist Party won in 1969, Dr. Jai Narayan Sharma of Congress in 1967 and 1962, Benarasi Prasad Jha of PSP in 1957. In 1952, independent India's first election, Kulti was a twin member constituency, and those elected were Jai Narayan Sharma and Baidyanath Mondal, both of Congress.
Kulti police station has jurisdiction over parts of Asansol Municipal Corporation. The area covered is 96 km$^2$ and the population covered is 310,000.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India Kulti municipal area had a total population of 313,809, of which 163,193 (52%) were males and 150,616 (48%) were females. Population below 6 years was 35,385. The total number of literates in Kulti was 209,952 (88.72% of the population over 6 years).
As of 2001 India census, Kulti had a population of 290,057. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kulti has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 52%. In Kulti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. According to the census, 19% of the population in Kulti is Muslim, 70% Hindu. Other minorities such as Christian, Sikhs, Buddhist and Jain constitute the rest of the city's population

### Languages

Languages spoken in Kulti city (2011)
According to 2011 census, Bengali was the most spoken language in Kulti city with 1,29,229 speakers followed by Hindi at 1,18371 , Urdu at 51,936 , Santali at 9,498.
# List of U.S. states and territories by immigrant population

This is a list of U.S. states and the District of Columbia by immigrant population.
Immigrant population is defined as "foreign-born," which means "anyone who is not a U.S. citizen at birth."

## Foreign born population

U.S. states by foreign born population (2017) :
| State | Total foreign born population | Foreign born population (%) |
| Alabama | 162,567 | 3.4 |
| Alaska | 60,784 | 8.2 |
| Arizona | 960,275 | 13.4 |
| Arkansas | 143,709 | 4.8 |
| California | 10,625,980 | 26.9 |
| Colorado | 539,514 | 9.5 |
| Connecticut | 520,262 | 14.61 |
| Delaware | 91,230 | 9.21 |
| District of Columbia | 97,846 | 13.9 |
| Florida | 4,475,431 | 21.0 |
| Georgia | 1,064,073 | 10.1 |
| Hawaii | 266,147 | 18.7 |
| Idaho | 105,228 | 6.0 |
| Illinois | 1,791,313 | 14.1 |
| Indiana | 354,348 | 5.3 |
| Iowa | 175,137 | 5.5 |
| Kansas | 209,362 | 7.2 |
| Kentucky | 169,346 | 3.8 |
| Louisiana | 195,027 | 4.2 |
| Maine | 47,418 | 3.5 |
| Maryland | 915,191 | 15.1 |
| Massachusetts | 1,198,148 | 17.4 |
| Michigan | 695,217 | 7.0 |
| Minnesota | 484,192 | 8.6 |
| Mississippi | 70,860 | 2.4 |
| Missouri | 258,390 | 4.2 |
| Montana | 23,366 | 2.2 |
| Nebraska | 138,953 | 7.2 |
| Nevada | 587,686 | 19.4 |
| New Hampshire | 83,002 | 6.1 |
| New Jersey | 2,033,292 | 22.8 |
| New Mexico | 198,522 | 9.5 |
| New York | 4,447,165 | 22.8 |
| North Carolina | 824,177 | 7.9 |
| North Dakota | 35,824 | 4.7 |
| Ohio | 555,583 | 4.8 |
| Oklahoma | 236,882 | 6.0 |
| Oregon | 432,410 | 10.3 |
| Pennsylvania | 922,585 | 7.2 |
| Rhode Island | 139,063 | 13.2 |
| South Carolina | 256,765 | 5.1 |
| South Dakota | 35,175 | 4.0 |
| Tennessee | 348,562 | 5.1 |
| Texas | 4,928,025 | 17.2 |
| Utah | 271,222 | 8.6 |
| Vermont | 30,813 | 4.9 |
| Virginia | 1,065,076 | 12.5 |
| Washington | 1,104,850 | 14.7 |
| West Virginia | 27,605 | 1.5 |
| Wisconsin | 297,928 | 5.1 |
| Wyoming | 17,528 | 3.0 |
# List of U.S. states and territories by infant mortality rates

This is a list of U.S. states, the District of Columbia and territories by infant mortality rates in 2021. The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country. The child mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants and children under five years old per 100,000 live births.

## List by infant mortality rate

US States by infant mortality in 2021 according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
| Rank | State, federal district, or territory | Infant mortality per 1,000 live births | Infant deaths |
| 1 | North Dakota | 2.77 | 28 |
| 2 | Massachusetts | 3.23 | 223 |
| 3 | New Jersey | 3.57 | 362 |
| 4 | Oregon | 3.79 | 155 |
| 5 | New Hampshire | 3.96 | 50 |
| 6 | Iowa | 3.99 | 147 |
| 7 | California | 4.07 | 1,713 |
| 8 | New York | 4.16 | 876 |
| 9 | Rhode Island | 4.3 | 45 |
| 10 | Washington | 4.36 | 366 |
| 11 | Utah | 4.58 | 214 |
| 12 | Connecticut | 4.65 | 166 |
| 13 | Hawaii | 4.67 | 73 |
| 14 | New Mexico | 4.77 | 102 |
| 14 | Delaware | 4.77 | 50 |
| 16 | Minnesota | 4.83 | 311 |
| 17 | Montana | 4.9 | 55 |
| 18 | Colorado | 4.99 | 314 |
| 19 | Maine | 5 | 60 |
| 20 | Idaho | 5.13 | 115 |
| 21 | Texas | 5.29 | 1,977 |
| 22 | Kansas | 5.3 | 184 |
| 23 | Wisconsin | 5.36 | 331 |
| 24 | Pennsylvania | 5.37 | 712 |
| − | United States | 5.44 | 19,886 |
| 25 | Wyoming | 5.45 | 34 |
| 26 | Arizona | 5.47 | 426 |
| 27 | Nebraska | 5.49 | 135 |
| 28 | Illinois | 5.62 | 743 |
| 29 | Nevada | 5.76 | 194 |
| 30 | Missouri | 5.85 | 406 |
| 31 | Florida | 5.9 | 1,275 |
| 31 | Puerto Rico | 5.9 | ... |
| 33 | Virginia | 5.96 | 571 |
| 34 | Maryland | 5.99 | 409 |
| 35 | South Dakota | 6.07 | 69 |
| 36 | Kentucky | 6.15 | 321 |
| 37 | Tennessee | 6.18 | 505 |
| 38 | Michigan | 6.22 | 653 |
| 39 | Georgia | 6.25 | 776 |
| 40 | Vermont (2018) | 6.44 | 35 |
| 41 | North Carolina | 6.72 | 809 |
| 42 | Indiana | 6.75 | 540 |
| 43 | West Virginia | 6.8 | 117 |
| 44 | District of Columbia | 6.81 | ... |
| 45 | Ohio | 7.06 | 916 |
| 46 | Oklahoma | 7.13 | 345 |
| 47 | Louisiana | 7.24 | 416 |
| 48 | South Carolina | 7.26 | 415 |
| 49 | Alaska | 7.37 | 69 |
| 50 | U.S. Virgin Islands | 7.5 | ... |
| 51 | Alabama | 7.56 | 439 |
| 52 | Arkansas | 8.59 | 309 |
| 53 | Mississippi | 9.39 | 330 |
| 54 | American Samoa | 9.9 | ... |
| 55 | Guam | 11.2 | ... |
| 56 | Northern Mariana Islands | 12.2 | ... |
# Graycassis

Graycassis is a genus of Australian white tailed spiders that was first described by Norman I. Platnick in 2000.

## Species

As of May 2019 it contains ten species:
* Graycassis barrington Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis boss Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis bruxner Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis bulga Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis chichester Platnick, 2000 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
* Graycassis dorrigo Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis enfield Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis marengo Platnick, 2000 (type) – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis scrub Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
* Graycassis styx Platnick, 2000 – Australia (New South Wales)
# Grand Duchy of Oldenburg–United States relations

The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg and the United States began mutual recognition in 1829 but never established formal relations. Relations continued when the Duchy joined the German Empire in 1871. Relations would eventually end with World War I when the U.S. declared war on Germany.

## History

Recognition began on December 2, 1829, when U.S. Secretary of State Martin Van Buren issued an exequatur to Frederick A. Mensch Esq. as Consul for Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg at New York.
On March 10, 1847, the United States and the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg signed the Declaration of Accession to the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Hanover, to regulate trade, commerce, and navigation between the U.S. and Oldenburg. The declaration was signed by U.S. Special Agent Ambrose Dudley Mann and Oldenburg’s head of Foreign Affairs, W.E. de Beaulieu Marconnay.
On December 30, 1853, the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg signed the Declaration of Accession to the Convention for the Extradition of Criminals, Fugitives from Justice, of June 16, 1852, Between the United States and Prussia and Other States of the Germanic Confederation, to establish reciprocal extradition of fugitive criminals in special cases.
In 1867, the Grand Duchy joined the North German Confederation as a result of the Austro-Prussian War and continued relations under the Confederation. Relations further continued when it joined with the German Empire in 1871, but ended with the outbreak of the First World War and the American declaration of war against Germany.