OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mlabri people

The Mlabri (Thai:มลาบรี) or Mrabri, also called the Phi Tong Luang, are an ethnic group of Thailand and Laos, and have been called "the most interesting and least understood people in Southeast Asia". Only about 400 or fewer Mlabris remain in the world today, with some estimates as low as 100. A hill tribe in northern Thailand along the border with Laos, they have been groups of nomadic hunter-gatherers. Those in Thailand live close to the Hmong and northern Thai. Those living in Laos live close to other ethnic groups.

## Nomenclature

The name Mlabri is a Thai/Lao alteration of the word Mrabri, which appears to come from a Khmuic term "people of the forest". In Khmu, mra means "person" and bri "forest". They are also known locally as Phi Tong Leuang (Thai: ผีตองเหลือง, Lao: ຜີຕອງເຫລືອງ) or "spirits of the yellow leaves", since they abandon their shelters when the leaves begin to turn yellow.

## Genetics

Genetic analysis of the Mlabri group by Hiroki Oota and colleagues led them to believe that their mtDNA has little diversity, suggesting the Mlabris originated 500 to 800 years ago from very few individuals. However, this was contested in the journal PLoS Biology in 2005 in an exchange of articles between Hiroki Oota and his colleagues and Tony Waters.

## Lifestyle

The Mlabri traditionally lived a nomadic lifestyle. They moved frequently, and had no permanent houses, instead making temporary shelters from palm leaves and bamboo-string. They wore only a loin-covering of bark or cloth, though most Mlabri now wear factory-made clothes gained by trade with other hill tribes. They are hunter-gatherers, with most of their food coming from gathering. Women give birth alone in the forest, and infant mortality used to be very high.
The Mlabri have few regimented social ceremonies, and are said to have no formal religious system, though they believe in forest spirits and other nature spirit. Marriages are made with simple request; there is no bride-price. The dead are buried near where they expired, and the tribe moves on.
In 1938, Austrian anthropologist Hugo Bernatzik published an ethnography of the "Yellow Leaf People" which contained his brief observations of the tribe in the early 20th century.
Since the 1990s, the Mlabri in Thailand have settled into more permanent villages in Phrae and Nan provinces. The Thai government has declared the forest areas where they used to live to be state-owned forest reserves and discourages any Mlabri from returning there. The houses in the permanent villages that the Mlabri now live in are made of cinderblock and wood, with metal roofs and even electricity. Mlabri children have started going to public schools, and their health care has improved. It was reported in 2013 that the Mlabri's suicide rate has risen. Mlabri villages have some economic activity. While still hunting and gathering, the Mlabri now engage in highland farming and hammock weaving, besides working as day laborers.
One of the Mlabri settlements in Nan Province is under the patronage of Princess Sirindhorn.
# Lema tree frog

The Lema tree frog (Boana lemai) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in Guyana, Venezuela, and possibly Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, pastureland, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forests, aquaculture ponds, and canals and ditches. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Horst Böhme

Horst Böhme may refer to:
* Horst Böhme (SS officer) (1909–1945), leading perpetrator of the Holocaust.
* Horst Böhme (chemist) (1908–1996), German chemist
* Horst Wolfgang Böhme (born 1940), German archaeologist
# Michael Huskey

Michael A. Huskey (c. 1841 – October 1864) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

## Early life and family

A native of Ireland, Huskey immigrated to the United States with his family as a child, in 1848 or 1849. The family originally settled in Lockport, New York, and later moved to nearby Royalton. Huskey Cemetery in Royalton is located on the old family farm.

## Military career

Huskey joined the U.S. Navy early in the war and worked as a fireman, feeding coal to the boilers aboard steamships. By March 1863, he was serving on the gunboat USS Carondelet, part of the Mississippi River Squadron, conducting operations in support of the campaign to capture Vicksburg, Mississippi. During Steele's Bayou Expedition in mid-March, the Carondelet was among a group of Union ships which attempted to bypass Vicksburg and reach the Yazoo River from the Mississippi by steaming through Steele's Bayou. The ships became stuck in the bayou's narrow channel and came under fire from Confederate soldiers on shore. In an effort to trap the ships, the Confederates began chopping down trees such that they fell across the channel. During the engagement, the tugboat USS Ivy, which carried the commanding Union admiral, became stuck. Despite the Confederate fire, Huskey volunteered for a rescue party which successfully freed the Ivy. Union troops led by General William T. Sherman cleared the Confederate soldiers from the area, but the bayou proved impassable and the ships were forced to turn back.
For his actions during the expedition, he was approved for the Medal of Honor a year later, on April 16, 1864. Only months later, in October 1864, Huskey died of illness at a hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. He had neither claimed nor received his Medal of Honor before his death; it is unclear whether he was ever aware of the award. Huskey's place of burial is unknown. According to Niagara County historian Catherine Emerson, he was most likely among the "unknowns" buried in Memphis National Cemetery, presumably after authorities lost track of his identity.

## Unclaimed medal

Officials from Niagara County in New York submitted a request to the Department of the Navy to receive the unclaimed Medal of Honor for Huskey. The Navy denied the request, stating a lack of security in the building the county wanted to display the medal as well as the cost of creating the medal. The navy did however send county officials an embossed letter regarding his Medal of Honor which they called "an embarrassment". Although county officials were not happy with the outcome, they will display the latter in a display being dedicated in October if the medal is not available.

## Medal of Honor citation

Fireman Huskey's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
   Carrying out his duties gallantly, Huskey volunteered to aid in the rescue of the tug Ivy under the fire of the enemy, and set forth general meritorious conduct during this hazardous mission.
# Abdul Majid Arfaei

Abdul Majid Arfaee (Persian: عبدالمجید ارفعی, born 1 September 1939) is an Iranian researcher and elamitologist. He has finished translating 647 tablets, related to the era of Darius the Great, which were read by Richard Hallock. The works are included in the first volume of the series.
Richard Treadwell Hallock, Elamologist and Assyriologist, was a professor of Chicago University. The late professor, who read the bulk of the Persepolis Elamite tablets, died in 1980. Arfaee, the renowned expert of Elamite, Avestan and Pahlavi languages, is the founder of the Inscriptions Hall of Iran's National Museum and has written a number of books on Iranian history. The Iranian expert has also translated more than 2,500 Persepolis inscriptions, which are housed at Chicago University. In Iran, the Cyrus Cylinder has been translated into Persian, by Arfaee for the first time.
# Ada Lunardoni

Ada Lunardoni (later Cumiskey, then Hutcheon; March 8, 1911 – January 11, 2003) was an American artistic gymnast. She competed in the gymnastics competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics, the first time American women competed in the sport, and placed fifth with the team.
She was born in 1911 in West Hoboken, New Jersey, which is now part of Union City. Lunardoni married fellow gymnast Frank Cumiskey after the 1936 Summer Olympics and had three children with him while living in Rockleigh, New Jersey, but the marriage did not last. She then remarried and lived the rest of her life in New Jersey.
She married Gordon Hutcheon and was a resident of the Panther Valley section of Allamuchy Township, New Jersey.
A play called Turning about Lunardoni and other members of the 1936 women's team was performed in 2018.
# 58th Indian Brigade

The 58th Indian Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Indian Army that formed part of the Indian Army during the First World War. It remained in India throughout the war. It was not reformed for the Second World War.

## History

The Headquarters 58th Indian Brigade was formed at Ahmednagar under 6th Poona Divisional Area in June 1918. The 59th Indian Brigade was formed at the same time, presumably to command the units forming Ahmednagar at this time. In November 1918, both brigades – without any units – were transferred to the 2nd (Rawalpindi) Division.

## Commander

The brigade was commanded from 25 June 1918 by Brigadier-General C.O.O. Tanner.
# The Sound of a Voice (opera)

The Sound of a Voice is a 2003 operatic adaptation of the play The Sound of a Voice by American playwright David Henry Hwang. The music is written by American composer Philip Glass and the libretto is written by Hwang. The opera is made up of two short operas: The Sound of a Voice and Hotel of Dreams. The opera is notable for being specifically written for the theatre and not an opera house. It had its premiere on May 24, 2003, at the American Repertory Theater. It was directed by Robert Woodruff and featured Eugene Perry.
The opera received its UK premiere at Hackney House, directed by Andrea Ferran, as part of the 2012 Cultural Olympiad. The production later transferred to the Arcola Theatre and Southbank Centre.
# 1969–70 Polska Liga Hokejowa season

The 1969–70 Polska Liga Hokejowa season was the 35th season of the Polska Liga Hokejowa, the top level of ice hockey in Poland. 10 teams participated in the league, and GKS Katowice won the championship.

## Regular season

| | Club | GP | Goals | Pts |
| 1. | GKS Katowice | 36 | 130:74 | 50 |
| 2. | Podhale Nowy Targ | 36 | 165:99 | 48 |
| 3. | Baildon Katowice | 36 | 186:98 | 44 |
| 4. | ŁKS Łódź | 36 | 142:109 | 43 |
| 5. | Legia Warszawa | 36 | 120:128 | 38 |
| 6. | Naprzód Janów | 36 | 130:152 | 36 |
| 7. | Polonia Bydgoszcz | 36 | 159:185 | 31 |
| 8. | KS Pomorzanin Toruń | 36 | 128:159 | 26 |
| 9. | Gornik Murcki | 36 | 118:179 | 24 |
| 10. | KS Cracovia | 36 | 104:199 | 20 |
# 21 Años Después, Alex Lora y El Tri

21 Años Después (21 Years Later) (1989) is the sixth studio album by Mexican rock and blues band El Tri.
The title is a reference to the 21 years of career of Alex Lora since the creation of Three Souls on my Mind.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Alex Lora, except where extrad

## Personnel

* Alex Lora – guitar, vocals
* Rafael Salgado – harmonic
* Sergio Mancera – electric & rhythm guitar
* Hector "Virgo" Zenil;– drums
* Ruben Soriano – bass
# Heyggjurin Mikli

Heyggjurin Mikli is marginally the second highest point of Skuvoy in the central Faroe Islands. At a height of 391 metres the area is hilly. Knukur the highest mountain on the isle is only 1 m higher at its highest point of 392 metres.
61°45′0″N 6°49′0″W﻿ / ﻿61.75000°N 6.81667°W﻿ / 61.75000; -6.81667
* This Faroe Islands location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# MESFET

A MESFET (metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor) is a field-effect transistor semiconductor device similar to a JFET with a Schottky (metal–semiconductor) junction instead of a p–n junction for a gate.

## Construction

MESFETs are constructed in compound semiconductor technologies lacking high quality surface passivation, such as gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, or silicon carbide, and are faster but more expensive than silicon-based JFETs or MOSFETs. Production MESFETs are operated up to approximately 45 GHz, and are commonly used for microwave frequency communications and radar. The first MESFETs were developed in 1966, and a year later their extremely high frequency RF microwave performance was demonstrated.

## Functional architecture

The MESFET, similarly to JFET, differs from the common insulated gate FET or MOSFET because there is no insulator under the gate over the active switching region. This implies that the MESFET gate should, in transistor mode, be biased such that one has a reversed-biased depletion zone controlling the underlying channel, rather than a forward-conducting metal-semiconductor diode to the channel.
While this restriction inhibits certain circuit possibilities as the gate must remain reverse-biased and cannot, therefore, exceed a certain voltage of forward bias, MESFETs analog and digital devices work reasonably well if kept within the confines of design limits. The most critical aspect of the design is the gate metal extent over the switching region. Generally, the narrower the gate modulated carrier channel, the better the frequency handling abilities. Spacing of the source and drain concerning the gate, and the lateral extent of the gate are important though somewhat less critical design parameters. MESFET current handling ability improves as the gate is elongated laterally, keeping the active region constant, however, phase shift along the gate is limited due to the transmission line effect. As a result, most production MESFETs use a built-up top layer of low-resistance metal on the gate, often producing a mushroom-like profile in cross-section.

## Applications

Numerous MESFET fabrication possibilities have been explored for a wide variety of semiconductor systems. Some of the main application areas are military communications, as front end low noise amplifier of microwave receivers in both military radar devices and communication, commercial optoelectronics, satellite communication, as a power amplifier for the output stage of microwave links, and as a power oscillator.
# ...Sounds Like This

...Sounds Like This is the third album from English progressive rock band Nektar, released in 1973. It was the first Nektar album to be released in their home country of the United Kingdom. An attempt to recreate the band's live sound, ...Sounds Like This was largely improvised and dominated by extensive instrumental jamming, in contrast to their usual concept and composition-driven albums. The different approach to recording, combined with a number of difficulties with the mixing, resulted in it being the band's heaviest work.

## Background and recording

The idea behind ...Sounds Like This, conceived by the band themselves, was to create an album that recreated Nektar's live sound while avoiding the various recording and sound quality difficulties inherent to live recordings. To this end, on 12 October 1972 the band set up their gear in Dierks Studios and performed for a little over an hour to an audience of just a small group of friends. The majority of the tracks had already been written before Nektar had formed, and were commonly played during their live shows before the album's recording. Some had also been recorded in 1970 as the, "Boston Tapes," but those recordings were never released until their inclusion on the 40th Anniversary Edition of Remember the Future .
Dissatisfied with the original master, Nektar and producer Peter Hauke opted to do a series of dubs and re-recordings, which took place in February. Of the tracks recorded during the original October session, only "Wings" appeared on the album in its original form, without dubbing or additional takes. Two songs from the original session ("Sunshine Down on the City" and "It's All in Ya Mind") were cut from the album entirely, and new songs that had been written in the intervening four months were added. The original sleeve notes state the album to have been recorded entirely in February 1973, omitting the October 1972 session. Several of the recordings from the October 1972 session later appeared as bonus tracks.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Allmusic's brief retrospective review dismissed ...Sounds Like This as "a step backward, with lighter, less ambitious songs that didn't work as well as their long form sound."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Nektar except where noted

## 2013 reissue

Double CD reissue on Purple Pyramid Records. Disc one is the original double LP. Disc two includes bonus tracks: two radio edits, plus more songs from the same "Official Bootleg" 1971 live show used for bonus tracks on the 2013 reissues of Journey to the Centre of the Eye and A Tab in the Ocean. The 2013 reissue includes none of the bonus tracks from the 2006 reissue.

## Personnel

* Roye Albrighton – lead vocals, guitars
* Allan "Taff" Freeman – keyboards, vocals
* Derek "Mo" Moore – bass, vocals
* Ron Howden – drums, percussion
* Mick Brockett – lights

### Production

* Peter Hauke – producer
* Dieter Dierks – engineer
# The Rainbow Landscape (1636)

The Rainbow Landscape or Landscape with Rainbow is a c. 1636 landscape painting by Peter Paul Rubens, now in the Wallace Collection in London. It forms a pendant to A View of Het Steen in the Early Morning which is held in the National Gallery in London
# Nanchang (disambiguation)

Nanchang (南昌) is the capital of Jiangxi Province, China
Nanchang may also refer to:

## Locations

* Nanchang County (南昌县), a county in Jiangxi, China, under the administration of Nanchang City
* Nanchang District (南长区), a district in Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
* Nanchang Subdistrict (南长街道), a subdistrict in Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
* Bai Prefecture, a historical prefecture in modern Guangxi, China, known as Nanchang Commandery between 742 and 758

## Military uses

* Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation, now known as Hongdu Aviation Industry Group
** Nanchang J-12, supersonic fighter built in the People's Republic of China for use by the PLAAF
** Nanchang Q-5, Chinese-built jet ground-attack aircraft based on the Soviet MiG-19
** Nanchang CJ-6, aircraft designed and built in China for use by the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF)
* CNS Nanchang (DDG-101), the lead ship of the Type 055 destroyer class of guided-missile destroyer in the People's Liberation Army Navy

## Other uses

* Nanchang dialect, dialect in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
# Margem

Margem is a civil parish in the municipality of Gavião, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 811, in an area of 56.85 km$^2$.
# Mukkattukara

Mukkattukara is a residential area situated in the city of Thrissur, in the Kerala state of India. Mukkattukara is Ward 10 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Three schools are situated in Mukkattukara: Bethlehem Convent higher secondary school, St. Geoege's UP school, and St. George's LP school.
# Monzonite

Monzonite is an igneous intrusive rock, formed by slow cooling of underground magma that has a moderate silica content and is enriched in alkali metal oxides. Monzonite is composed mostly of plagioclase and alkali feldspar.
Syenodiorite is an obsolescent term for monzonite or for monzodiorite. Larvikite is a particular form of monzonite.

## Description

Monzonite is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) igneous rock. Such rocks are classified by their relative percentages of quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and feldspathoid (the QAPF classification). Monzonite is defined as rock having less than 5% quartz in its QAPF fraction and in which alkali feldspar makes up between 35% and 65% of the total feldspar content. If quartz constitutes greater than 5% of the QAPF fraction, the rock is termed a quartz monzonite, while if feldspathoids are present as up to 10% of the QAPF fraction, the rock is termed a feldspathoid-bearing monzonite. Rock richer in alkali feldspar is classified as syenite, while rock richer in plagioclase is termed a monzodiorite. The volcanic equivalent of monzonite is latite.
The plagioclase in monzonite is sodium-rich, ranging from oligoclase to andesine, and is moderately well shaped (subhedral to euhedral). The alkali feldspar is typically orthoclase. Monzonite may also contain minor amounts of hornblende, biotite and other minerals.

## Occurrence

Monzonite is found in association with gabbro and granodiorite in the Khankandi pluton in the Alborz Mountains of Iran. The monzonite likely formed during the collision that closed the Tethys Ocean, from partial melting of upper mantle that had previously been altered by fluids released from a subducting ocean crust slab. Monzonite can also form in extensional crustal settings or by partial melting of lower crust of alkali basalt composition.
Diorite, monzonite, and syenite are found together on the margins of the Paleoproterozoic North China craton. These likely formed during the assembly of Columbia and suggest the North China craton was in the interior of Columbia, between Laurentia and Siberia.
The Bingham mine consists of porphyry copper deposits hosted in altered monzonite. Alteration has converted some of the monzonite to compositions resembling quartz monzonite or granite, by altering plagioclase to potassium feldspar and emplacing hydrothermal quartz.
Fragments of monzonite have been found on the surface of the Moon. These likely formed as a mixture of immiscible granite liquid with cumulates composed of plagioclase and pyroxene, which supports the theory that lunar granites form through silicate liquid immiscibility. This is a process in which high-silica and low-silica components of a magma separate like oil and vinegar.

## Etymology

Monzonite was originally named after the Monzoni range in Val di Fassa (Trento Province, Italy) where it is abundant. As rock definitions have been systematized and codified, this association has lost any relevance to the rock's definition.
# Heygate

Heygate is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Sir Frederick Heygate, 2nd Baronet (1822–1894), British politician
* Harold Heygate (1884–1937), English cricketer
* James Heygate (fl. 1630–1638), Scottish-born Anglican bishop in Ireland
* John Heygate (1903–1976), Northern Irish journalist and novelist
* Reginald Heygate (1883–1956), English cricketer
* Richard Heygate (born 1940), British businessman and writer
* William Heygate (disambiguation)
# Actinopus itaqui

Actinopus itaqui is a species of mygalomorph spider in the family Actinopodidae. It can be found in Brazil.
The specific name itaqui refers to the municipality of Itaqui, Brazil.
# Llandovery Falls

Llandovery Falls, also known as the Konoko Falls, is a small waterfall located in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica. The falls were named after a nearby sugar estate. The falls became well known after a photograph of them taken by James Johnston was used on the first one-penny stamp in Jamaica. In the early 20th century the falls were described on a tourist postcard as "A never-failing source of fresh water containing a fair amount of fish".