OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manuel de Lardizábal y Uribe

Manuel Miguel de Lardizábal y Uribe (23 December 1739–25 December 1820) was a Novohispanic penologist who was an academician of the Real Academia Española de la Lengua from 1775 to 1820. He seems to have been the successor to chair C of his father in law, Academician from 1746 to 1775 Francisco Antonio de Angulo.
King Charles III of Spain tried in 1764 to bring back a law of 1734 by his father King Philip V of Spain whereby even thieves operating in Madrid could be tried and executed even if no murder was involved in the thieving. The royal council pointed out to him that either victims or witnesses would default collaboration with Justice by the general popular feeling that the punishment could be disproportionate with people robbing only money, jewels, etc. while saving the lives of the persons being robbed. The King was thus obliged to keep his ideas on public order to himself and/or educated listeners.
Further, lawyer Acevedo published in 1770 a dissertation against torture, as being in conflict with Nature Rights and public decency within the Social Body. The lawyer politician from Zaragoza, Manuel de Roda y Arrieta, managed to get Charles III and his Royal Council deliberating around changes into the Penal Legislation, whereby capital punishment and/or extensive terms rotting in prisons could better be modified to convicts performing useful works needed by the public interest.
These moves, prior to 1776, where the king and his royal council echoed letters of intent dated 1776 through reflections on the significant works by Cesare Beccaria, brought about the publication in 1782 by Manuel de Lardizábal of his Discurso sobre las penas contrahido a las leyes criminales de España para facilitar su reforma. He cites Frenchman Montesquieu, Guillaume-François Le Trosne, with his Réflexions sur la réforme de la legislation universelle, the German Samuel von Pufendorf, the Dutch Hugo Grotius, the Italian Beccaria, and the reflections on the degradation applying torture of the Frenchman Joseph Michel Antoine Servan.
# Kuthoosi

Kuthoosi (transl. Needle) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Siva Sakthi. The film stars Dileepan and Amala Rose Kurian in the lead roles while Yogi Babu and Siva play supportive roles in the film. The film was released on 25 January 2019 clashing with Charlie Chaplin 2 and Simba on the same date and opened to mostly average reviews from the critics.

## Plot

The film revolves around the hardships faced by farmers who struggle to make an impact in their lives and to make ends meet. Vel (Dileepan), who hails from Kallakurichi, is not interested in his father's occupation of farming and plans to settle in the US. He borrows money from his girlfriend (Amala Rose Kurian) and goes to Chennai in search for a job. After obtaining a job in a US-based company in Chennai, he comes back to the village and tell his parents about his plans of taking them along with him. However, his father's sudden demise spoils all of his plans, and later, he was compelled and pressured by his mother and girlfriend to take up farming and fulfill his father's dream of turning their land into a fertile one. In this pursuit, he is forced to lock horns with a landlord in his village who has been forcefully asking farmers to surrender their lands to him.

## Cast

* Dileepan as Velu
* Amala Rose Kurian as Velu's girlfriend
* V. I. S. Jayapalan
* Yogi Babu as Velu's friend
* Mippu
* Siva

## Production

The film began its shoot in January 2014 and was predominantly completed in the following months. Financial problems meant that the film had a delayed release.

## Soundtrack

All songs are composed by N. Kannan.
# Goldammer

Goldammer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bruno Goldammer (1904–1968 or 1969), German footballer
* Roger Goldammer (born 1969), Canadian motorcycle builder
* Johann Goldammer (born 1949), senior scientist at the Max Planck Society for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry Department
# Manoba allani

Manoba allani is a moth in the family Nolidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 2003. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of upper montane forests.
The length of the forewings is 8–10 mm.
# Manoba carrei

Manoba carrei is a moth in the family Nolidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 2003. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of montane forests, mostly on sandstone and shale.
The length of the forewings is 7–8 mm.
# Goderich United

Goderich United is a Sierra Leonean football club based in Goderich, a suburb of Freetown, Sierra Leone. The Goderich United is currently playing in the Sierra Leone National First Division, the second highest football league.
# 2016 European Wrestling Championships – Men's freestyle 57 kg

The men's freestyle 57 kg is a competition featured at the 2016 European Wrestling Championships, and was held in Riga, Latvia on March 8.

## Medalists

| Gold | Gadzhimurad Rashidov Russia |
| Silver | Andriy Yatsenko Ukraine |
| Bronze | Andrei Dukov Romania |
| Bronze | Georgi Vangelov Bulgaria |

## Results
### Legend

* F — Won by fall

### Final

| Final | Final |
| Andriy Yatsenko (UKR) | 2 |
| Gadzhimurad Rashidov (RUS) | 8 |

### Top half
#### Section 1

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| Andriy Yatsenko (UKR) | 9 | | | | |
| Marcel Ewald (GER) | 1 | | | | |
| | | Andriy Yatsenko (UKR) | 9 | | |
| | | Mahir Amirsalanov (AZE) | 8 | | |
| Mahir Amirsalanov (AZE) | 11 | | | | |
| Eduards Kucepalovs (LAT) | 1 | | | | |
| | | | | Andriy Yatsenko (UKR) | 5 |
| | | | | Andrei Dukov (ROM) | 1 |
| Alessandro Canggiano (ITA) | 1 | | | | |
| Andrei Dukov (ROM) | 12 | | | | |
| | | Andrei Dukov (ROM) | 8 | | |
| | | Jozsef Molnar (HUN) | 1 | | |
| Jozsef Molnar (HUN) | 10 | | | | |
| Kastriot Sedolli (KOS) | 0 | | | | |

### Bottom half
#### Section 2

| Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| | | Alexandru Chirtoaca (MDA) | 1 | | | | |
| | | Garik Barseghyan (ARM) | 12 | | | | |
| | | | | Garik Barseghyan (ARM) | 1 | | |
| | | | | Asadulla Lachinau (BLR) | 6 | | |
| | | Aleksei Beskakov (EST) | 0 | | | | |
| Otari Gogava (GEO) | 8 | Asadulla Lachinau (BLR) | 9 | | | | |
| Asadulla Lachinau (BLR) | 10 | | | | | Asadulla Lachinau (BLR) | 0 |
| Suleyman Atli (TUR) | 10 | | | | | Gadzhimurad Rashidov (RUS) | 6 |
| Georgi Vangelov (BUL) | 10 | Georgi Vangelov (BUL) | 6 | | | | |
| Zoheir El Quarraqe (FRA) | 13 | Zoheir El Quarraqe (FRA) | 5 | | | | |
| Tomasz Ogonowski (POL) | 4 | | | Georgi Vangelov (BUL) | 0 | | |
| Levan Metreveli Vartanov (ESP) | 11 | | | Gadzhimurad Rashidov (RUS) | 10 | | |
| Randy Adrian Vock (SUI) | 0 | Levan Metreveli Vartanov (ESP) | 0 | | | | |
| Gadzhimurad Rashidov (RUS) | 10 | Gadzhimurad Rashidov (RUS) | 10 | | | | |
| Yuriy Holub (ISR) | 0 | | | | | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage round 1 | Repechage round 1 | Repechage round 2 | Repechage round 2 | Bronze medals | Bronze medals |
| | | Mahir Amirsalanov (AZE) | 3 | Andrei Dukov (ROU) | 12 |
| | | Marcel Ewald (GER) | 0 | Mahir Amirsalanov (AZE) | 2 |
| Yuriy Holub (ISR) | 10 | Georgi Vangelov (BUL) | 8 | Georgi Vangelov (BUL) | 7 |
| Levan Metreveli Vartanov (ESP) | 0 | Yuriy Holub (ISR) | 0 | Asadulla Lachinau (BLR) | 3 |
# Montpelier Odd Fellows Hall

The Montpelier Odd Fellows Hall is an Independent Order of Odd Fellows meeting hall located at 843 Washington St. in Montpelier, Idaho. The Renaissance Revival building was constructed in 1898–99. The stone building features round arch windows with fanlights on its second story. A pediment with the Odd Fellows' symbols projects above the building's cornice. As of 1978, the Odd Fellows still met in the building.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
# Giovanni Giacometti

Giovanni Ulrico Giacometti (7 March 1868 – 25 June 1933) was a Swiss painter. He was the father of artists Alberto and Diego Giacometti and architect Bruno Giacometti.

## Biography

He was the fourth in a family of eight children. His father, Alberto, was a baker who also ran a café. The painter Augusto Giacometti was his cousin. He received his primary education in Chur. It was there he developed an interest in art from observing the sculptures at the Bianchi marble works.
From 1886 to 1887, he studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Munich. He had wanted to attend the Academy of Fine Arts, but was insufficiently prepared. He also took lessons at two private schools and copied Old Masters at the Alte Pinakothek. Ultimately, he decided that Munich was not right for him, so he and his friend, Cuno Amiet, went to Paris where they studied with William Adolphe Bouguereau and Joseph Nicolas Robert-Fleury at the Académie Julian until 1891, when financial difficulties forced him to return home.
In a short time, he began to feel isolated there and, in the summer of 1893, went to Rome, but found little inspiration. After a brief stay in Torre del Greco, broke and ill, he once again returned to Switzerland. The following year, he met and befriended the painter Giovanni Segantini who, despite being only ten years older, became an invaluable mentor; introducing him to the beauty of mountainous landscapes and the Divisionist style. In 1898, he achieved his first major success at the Kunsthaus Zürich in a joint exhibition with his friend, Amiet, and Ferdinand Hodler.
In 1899, Segantini died suddenly, of peritonitis, aged only forty-one. Giacometti was deeply saddened but, in 1900, met and married Annetta Stampa (1871–1964), the daughter of a country school teacher. They had four children; their three famous sons and a daughter, Ottilia (1904–1937), who died in childbirth. In 1904, they moved to her home town of Borgonovo, a mountain village in Bergell. They spent their summers in Maloja where his friend, Segantini, had lived. He was kept busy there with numerous commissions for paintings and book illustrations.
In 1908, he received an invitation from Die Brücke, an artists' group, to exhibit in Dresden. He participated in a showing by the Berlin Secession in 1911 and had his first solo exhibition at the Kunsthaus Zürich the following year. His first retrospective came in 1920. He served two terms on the Eidgenössische Kunstkommission [de], from 1918 to 1921 and from 1931 to 1932. Over the course of his career, he moved from Divisionism to Post-Impressionism, then on to Expressionism; with some works in the Symbolist and Art Nouveau styles along the way.

## Selected paintings

* Still-life with Sculpture
* Bread
* Flowery Valley
* In the Tavern
* Portrait of his daughter, Ottilia
# Living Will

Living Will is an American comedy film starring Ryan Dunn, Gerard Haitz and April Scott.

## Cast

* Ryan Dunn - Belcher
* Gerard Haitz - Will
* April Scott - Krista

## Production

In 2011, the domestic distribution rights to the film were purchased by Lions Gate Entertainment. The studio had originally planned an October 2011 release for the film but after the death of Ryan Dunn on June 20, 2011, the studio announced that it no longer had any plans to release the film theatrically. The film was released direct-to-video on October 4, 2011.

## Reception

DVD Talk said, "The storyline gets predictable in spots and seems more intent on throwing in some (very welcome) nudity and (admittedly funny) crass jokes than to develop the story and the characters as fully as it could have."
# List of ambassadors of Afghanistan to Australia

Official diplomatic relations between Afghanistan and Australia were established in 1969. Between 1975 and 1987, the Afghan Ambassador to Japan was also accredited to Australia. After the creation of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan after liberation from Taliban rule, Afghanistan has maintained a Resident Embassy in Canberra since 2002. The Ambassador to Australia is also concurrently Ambassador to both New Zealand and Fiji.

## Afghan Non-Resident Ambassadors to Australia

| Name | Post | Date of Presentation of Credentials | Date of Presentation of Credentials |
| Name | Post | Year | Date |
| Mr. Ali Ahmad Popal | Non-Resident Ambassador | 1975 | 1 May |
| Change of regime and Soviet invasion lowered the level of bilateral relationship with Japan between 1978 and 1987 ||||

## Afghan Resident Ambassadors and Heads of Mission to Australia

| Name | Post | Date of Presentation of Credentials | Date of Presentation of Credentials |
| Name | Post | Year | Date |
| Mr. Mir Zamanuddin Musleh* | Honorary Consul/Consul | 1993* | N/A |
| All honorary consular activities suspended when the Taliban captured Kabul in 1996 ||||
| Mr. Mahmoud Saikal | Honorary Consul/Consul | 1994 | N/A |
| Mr. Mahmoud Saikal | Ambassador | 2002 | 27 June |
| Mr. Mohammad Anwar Anwarzai | Ambassador | 2005 | 24 November |
| Mr. Amanullah Jayhoon | Ambassador | 2007 | 31 May |
| Dr. Nasir Ahmad Andisha | Ambassador | 2011 | 25 August |
| Mr. Ghulam Abbas Farasoo | Charge d’affaires | 2015 | 21 August |
| Mr. Wahidullah Waissi | Ambassador | 2017 | 1 March |
| * This is the date of appointment for Mr. Musleh as Consul of Afghanistan in Australia by the Afghan Government. He never submitted his exequatur to the Government of Australia. ||||
# Metropolitan routes in Bloemfontein

Mangaung (Bloemfontein metropolitan area) like most South African metropolitan areas, uses Metropolitan or "M" routes for important intra-city routes, a layer below National (N) roads and Regional (R) roads. Each city's M roads are independently numbered.

## Table of M roads

| No. | Direction | Description of Route | Suburbs | Street Names |
| M10 | East/West / North/South / East/West | M13 (Fauna) - M30 - M12 - M12 - R702 - N8 - M30 / M19 (Noordhoek) | Fauna, Hamilton, Mangaung, Peter Swart, Oos Einde, Noordhoek | Vereeniging Extension Rd., Rudolf Greyling Ave. |
| M11 | East/West / North/South | M30 (Oranjesig) - R700 (cosigned one block) - R700 - R706 - M19 - M14 - N8 | Oranjesig, Willows, Universitas, Park West | Rhodes Ave., President Ave., Victoria Rd., Donald Murray Ave., Pres. Paul Kruger Ave., D. F. Malherbe Ave. |
| M12 | North/South | R702 (Heidedal) - M15 - M12 - M10 - doubles back - M10 - M12 | Heidedal, various parts of Mangaung | Mkuhlane St., Ramatsoele St., Moshoeshoe St., Chief Moroko Cres., Modimogale St., Makoane St., Zulu St., Dhlabu St. |
| M13 | NE/SW | R702 (Central) - M15 - M30 - M10 - Exits town toward Ferreira, Free State | Central, Oranjesig, Uitsig, Fauna | Hanger St. / Harvey Rd., Harvey Rd., Monument Rd., Memoriam Rd., Ferreira Rd. |
| M14 | East/West, North/South | M11 - under N1 - R64 | Universitas, Langenhoven Park | Wynand Mouton St., Totius St., Bankvos Blvd., Du Plessis Ave. |
| M15 | North/South | R700 (Oranjesig) - M30 - M13 - M16 - M12 | Oranjesig, Batho, Mangaung | Fort Hare Rd., Tsoai Rd. |
| M16 | NE/SW | N8 - R702 - M15 | Ooseinde, Batho | McGregor St. |
| M19 | East/West, North/South, East/West | N1/N8 (Gardenia Park) - M11 - N8 - R700 - M30/M10 (Noordhoek) | Gardenia Park, Wilgehof, Willows, Westdene, Heuwelsig, Hillsboro, Baysvalley, Waverly, Noordhoek | Haldon Rd., Parfitt Ave., Gen. Dan Pienaar St., Deale Rd., Wilcocks Rd. |
| M30 | North/South | N6 (south of Mangaung) - M10 - M13 - R700 - M15 - M11 - N8 - M19 / M10 - N1 (interchange, north of town) | Hamilton, Oranjesig, Central, Hilton, Noordhoek | Church St., St. George St., East Burger St. , Andries Pretorius St. |
# Tala Hamza mine

The Tala Hamza mine is the largest lead and zinc mine in Algeria. The mine is located in northern Algeria. The mine has reserves amounting to 68.6 million tonnes of ore grading 1.1% lead and 4.6% zinc thus resulting 0.75 million tonnes of lead and 3.15 million tonnes of zinc.
# Chordia

Chordia is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dharamchand Chordia (1949/1950–2021), Indian politician
* Mohanmullji Chordia (1902–1984), Indian social worker, educationist, businessman, and philanthropist
* Vimal Kumar Chordia (1924–c. 2019), Indian politician
# Laplace Island (Antarctica)

Laplace Island is a small rocky island 0.6 kilometres (0.3 nmi) west-northwest of La Conchée and 1.4 kilometres (0.75 nmi) north of Cape Mousse, Antarctica. It was charted in 1951 by the French Antarctic Expedition and named by them for Pierre-Simon Laplace, the French astronomer and mathematician.
# Montpelier Villa F.C.

Montpelier Villa F.C. is an English football club located in Falmer, Brighton in East Sussex. The club are currently members of the Southern Combination Division One and play at Culver Road, Lancing.

## History

Montpelier Villa was established in 1991. Becoming members of the Brighton, Hove & District League where they won Division Six in their first season. After winning Division Four and the Hove and Worthing Cup in 1993–94 the club skipped a division and entered and won Division Two in 1994–95 and Division One in 1995–96. They were runners up in the Vernon Wentworth Cup in 2003–03. In 2009– 10 they were champions of the Premier Division and again in 2010–11.
Joining the Mid-Sussex Football League they rose though the leagues and finishing third in the Championship 2012–13 they were promoted into the Premier Division, finishing 8th in 2014–15 the club applied joined Division Two of the Southern Combination Football League.
The club finished fifth in the 2020–21, a season which was curtailed because of the COVID-19 pandemic, a supplementary shield was played and was won by the Villa thanks to a key performance and goal from club legend Mitchell Ford. The club were promoted to Division One, entering step 6 of the English Football Pyramid for the first time. Montpelier Villa entered the FA Vase for the first time in 2021–22.

## Ground

Montpelier Villa play their home games at Culver Road, Lancing, West Sussex. The home of the Sussex County Football Association and Lancing.

## Honours
### League honours

* Brighton, Hove & District League
    Premier Division Winners (2): 2009–10, 2010–11
    Division One Winners (1): 1995–96
    Division Two Winners (1): 1994–95
    Division Four Winners (1): 1993–94
    Division Six Winners (1): 1991–92

### Cup honours

* Hove & Worthing Cup
    Winners (1): 1993–94
* Southern Combination League Division Two supplementary shield
    Winners (1): 2021
* Vernon Wentworth Cup
    Runners-up (1) 2002–03
# Hari Narayan Rauniyar

Hari Narayan Prasad Sah Rauniyar is a Nepali politician and former member of the Nepal House of Representatives. He was elected from Parsa-3 constituency in the 2017 elections, representing Federal Socialist Forum. He was charged with corruption and automatically suspended from parliament in October 2018, after the Commission for Investigation of the Abuse of Authority filed a case against him and 12 others over the negligence and embezzlement in the construction of the Babai river bridge which had collapsed during construction in 2017. He is the former proprietor of Pappu Construction that was building the bridge under government contract.
# Michael Dransfield

Michael Dransfield (12 September 1948 – 20 April 1973) was an Australian poet active in the 1960s and early 1970s who wrote close to 1,000 poems. He has been described as "one of the most widely read poets of his generation."

## Early life

Dransfield was born in Sydney, and educated at Sydney Grammar School. He briefly studied English literature and language at the University of New South Wales and the University of Sydney before dropping out. He worked for some months as a clerk at the Australian Taxation Office before drifting into the counter-culture. From then on he worked intermittently, living mainly in Paddington, Balmain, and Darlinghurst in Sydney, and in the north coast town of Casino, and he travelled frequently between Tasmania and Queensland, visiting his large group of friends and fellow poets.

## Poetry

Dransfield wrote his first poem at the age of eight and began to write regularly at fourteen. He was a prolific poet, writing lyrical poems, which as his career progressed came to focus more and more on drug experiences. His poetry was first published in the mid-1960s.
Dransfield's poems were published in Meanjin, Southerly, Poetry Australia and Poetry magazine. His first published collection was Streets of the Long Voyage. He published two more books, including Drug poems (Sun Books, 1972).
Between 1967 and 1969, Dransfield corresponded and exchanged poems with Peter Kocan, who had been imprisoned for attempting to assassinate federal opposition leader Arthur Calwell, and who was then a patient at the Morisset Mental Hospital in Morisset, New South Wales. The letters comprise drafts of poems by Dransfield, quotes of poems by other poets, and recommendations for books Kocan should read.

### Themes

Dransfield's poems address "people marginalised by society" "the relationship of the creative self to the outside world" "personal identity, the family, the relationship between human beings and the natural world, poetry itself, and states of mind"

## Death

In his early twenties, Dransfield was plagued by ill health. He died at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Sydney, on 20 April 1973, aged 24, leaving behind close to a thousand poems. Sources report conflicting causes of death, including that he died of a heroin overdose, infection related to drug use and a report that the coroner's finding on the cause of death was "acute broncho-pneumonia and brain damage".

## Legacy

Rodney Hall, who as poetry editor of The Australian newspaper had been among the first to publish Dransfield's poetry, edited and posthumously published several collections of Dransfield's poetry during the late 1970s and early 1980s, including Collected Poems (UQP, 1987). In 2011 a poet character called "Michael" (evidently based on Dransfield) was featured in the second part of the ABC telemovie Paper Giants: The Birth of Cleo.
Several of Dransfield's poems were set to music by Paul Stanhope for mixed choir as Three Geography Songs in 1997. Other composers who have set his texts include Ross Edwards, Simon Reade, Paul-Antoni Bonetti, and Dan Walker.
# Haplinis subdola

Haplinis subdola is a species of sheet weaver spider endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described as Linyphia subdola in 1880 by Octavious Pickard-Cambridge from male and female specimens. It was moved to the Mynoglenes and then the Haplinis genus in 1979 and 2002 respectively.

## Description

The male is recorded at 3.58mm in length whereas the female is 4.67mm. This species has a dusky brown cephalothorax, brown legs and abdomen that has pale markings dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from the South Island of New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Not Threatened".
# Surfontaine

Surfontaine (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Mak Chi Wai

Mak Chi Wai (born January 29, 1937) is a Hong Kong sprint canoer who competed in the late 1970s. He was eliminated in the repechages of both the K-1 1000 m and the K-4 1000 m events at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec.