# List of electronic literature authors, critics, and works

This is a list of electronic literature authors and works (that originate from digital environments), and its critics. Electronic literature is a literary genre consisting of works of literature that originate within digital environments. It can also be defined as those works using a digital element as an integral part of the work (essential to convey the meaning of the piece). This list is specific and exclusive to literature and works originally published electronically, and does not include works published in book format only, web blogs, newspapers, directories, etc. However, this list may include works that have been published both electronically and in print.

## Publishers, journals, and collections

* The Digital Review is an annual publication of literary criticism of electronic literature/born digital works.
* Drunken Boat is an electronic journal of arts and hypertext. The journal won a Webby Award at the South by Southwest Festival.
* Eastgate Systems / Mark Bernstein
* The Electronic Literature Organization has collected notable works of electronic literature in four collections.
* The Electronic Literature Knowledge Base (ELMCIP) is a research resource for electronic literature, with 3,851 entries as of September 2, 2022.
* GEODES is an anthology for geolocated (locative) works.
* New Media Prize has an archive of submitted works.
* The New River Anthology, A Journal of Digital Art and Literature has been publishing electronic literature continually since 1996, collected in The NEXT Museum.
* The NEXT Museum, Library, and Preservation Space at Washington State University at Vancouver is a project dedicated to preserving and sharing electronic literature. Traversals was an earlier compendium of authors reading obsolete electronic works
* Revue BleuOrange was a French-Canadian journal run by NT2 that published electronic literature works and criticism from 2008 to 2021.
* trAce, Online Writing Centre's journal, frAme, issued 34 works of electronic literature in 6 issues of its journal, frAme. which is now restored at the Washington State University's NeXt Museum.
* Turbulence was a new media journal from 1996 to 2006.
* Indian Electronic Literature Anthology Volume I, curated and edited by Nirmala Menon, Shanmugapriya T, Justy Joseph, and Deborah Sutton, showcases a collection of 17 distinctive electronic literary works. It was published in 2024.

## Authors

    Names not yet covered by Wikipedia articles should be adequately referenced. This is an ongoing Wikipedia Project.)
* Annie Abrahams
* Mabel Addis
* Laurie Anderson
* Anna Anthropy
* Robert Arellano
* Kate Armstrong
* Pat Badani
* Zoe Beloff
* Lillian-Yvonne Bertram
* Carroll Parrott Blue
* Natalie Bookchin
* Laura Borràs
* Amaranth Borsuk
* Mez Breeze
* Amy Briggs
* Jennifer Brozek
* Nancy Buchanan
* Oni Buchanan
* J.R. Carpenter
* John Cayley
* Lynda Clark
* Robert Coover
* Kathryn Cramer
* Francesca da Rimini
* Sharon Daniel
* Caterina Davinio
* Christy Dena
* Debra Di Blasi
* Claire Dinsmore
* Claire Donato
* J. Yellowlees Douglas
* Jacek Dukaj
* Kate Durbin
* Lori Emerson
* Heid E. Erdrich
* Tina Escaja
* Natalia Fedorova
* Caitlin Fisher
* Mary Flanagan
* Vera Frenkel
* Belén Gache
* Dora García
* Loss Pequeño Glazier
* Samantha Gorman
* Dene Grigar
* Diane Gromala
* Carolyn Guertin
* Juan B. Gutierrez
* Amira Hanafi
* Auriea Harvey
* N. Katherine Hayles
* Porpentine Charity Heartscape
* Amy Hennig
* Dan Hett
* Richard Holeton
* Janet Holmes
* Elliott Holt
* Kathy Rae Huffman
* Andrew Hussie
* Shelley Jackson
* Helen Varley Jamieson
* David Jhave Johnston
* Michael Joyce
* Eduardo Kac
* Yael Kanarek
* Jayne Fenton Keane
* Robert Kendall
* Lisbeth Klastrup
* Norman M. Klein
* Allison Knowles
* Tina La Porta
* Deena Larsen
* Brenda Laurel
* Cynthia Lawson
* Olia Lialina
* Christine Love
* Marjorie Luesebrink, pseudonym M.D. Coverley
* Kathy Mac
* Jackson Mac Low
* Judy Malloy
* Cathy Marshall
* Kathleen McConnell
* Talan Memmott
* María Mencía
* Yucef Merhi
* Nick Montfort
* Adalaide Morris
* Stuart Moulthrop
* Janet Murray
* Jason Nelson
* Ruth Nestvold
* Jaishree Odin
* Philip M. Parker
* Allison Parrish
* Milorad Pavić
* Celia Pearce
* Judith Pintar
* Jessica Pressman
* Kate Pullinger
* Alissa Quart
* Zoë Quinn
* Jean Rabe
* Melinda Rackham
* Rita Raley
* Scott Rettberg
* Margaret Rhee
* Raquel Salas Rivera
* Marie-Laure Ryan
* Alexandra Saemmer
* Michaël Samyn
* Christy Sheffield Sanford
* Emily Short
* Lisa Smedman
* Sarah Smith
* Alan Sondheim
* Cheryl Sourkes
* Brian Kim Stefans
* Stephanie Strickland
* Kim Stringfellow
* Lisa Swanstrom
* Christine Tamblyn
* Sue Thomas
* Helen Thorington
* Gianni Toti
* Penelope Trunk
* Ana María Uribe
* Camille Utterback
* Joanna Walsh
* Noah Wardrip-Fruin
* Rae White
* Christine Wilks
* Roberta Williams
* Josephine Wilson
* Adrianne Wortzel
* Nanette Wylde
* Jin-me Yoon
* Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries
* Jody Zellen
* Marina Zurkow

### Early prototype electronic literature writers

Electronic literature involves works that incorporate extra elements, such as visual or aural components, as an integral part of the work. Proto-electronic literature writers include: Theresa Hak Kyung Cha. Concrete poetry is also an early precursor for electronic literature.

## Critics

* Espen J. Aarseth
* Jay David Bolter
* John Cayley
* Robert Coover
* Caterina Davinio
* J. Yellowlees Douglas
* Johanna Drucker
* Astrid Ensslin
* Loss Pequeño Glazier
* Carolyn Guertin
* N. Katherine Hayles
* David Jhave Johnston
* Lisbeth Klastrup
* George Landow
* Lev Manovich
* Adalaide Morris (1898–1983)
* Stuart Moulthrop
* Janet Murray
* Jessica Pressman
* Rita Raley
* Jill Walker Rettberg
* Scott Rettberg
* Marie-Laure Ryan
* Roberto Simanowski

## Critical academic studies

Electronic Book Review has critical essays and reviews focusing on electronic literature.
* J. Yellowlees Douglas. 2000. The End of Books or Books without End?
* Caterina Davinio, Tecno-Poesia e realtà virtuali (Techno-Poetry and Virtual Realities), Preface by Eugenio Miccini, Collection Archivio della Poesia del '900, Sometti, Mantova, 2002.
* N Katherine Hayles. 2002. Writing Machines
* Judy Malloy. 2003.Women, Art, and Technology
* Peter Gendolla, Jörgen Schäfer (eds.). 2007. The Aesthetics of Net Literature. Writing, Reading and Playing in Programmable Media. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2007.
* George Landow. 2006. Hypertext 3.0.
* N. Katherine Hayles,. 2008. Electronic Literature: New Horizons for the Literary. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press
* Alice Bell .2010. The Possible Worlds of Hypertext Fiction
* Azzurra Collas, Susy Decosta, Atmaxenia Ghia, Sunrise Jefferson, Asian Lednev, Margye Ryba, Piega Tuqiri, Aldous Writer, MacEwan Writer. 2010. La Torre di Asian - Concept book di Fabio Fornasari sul romanzo collettivo La Torre di Asian, a cura di Lorenza Colicigno, Fabio Fornasari, Giuseppe Iannicelli, Tipografia Tonelli Bologna, gennaio
* Jörgen Schäfer, Peter Gendolla (eds.), 2010. Beyond the Screen. Transformations of Literary Structures, Interfaces and Genres. Bielefeld: Transcript,
* Roberto Simanowski, Jörgen Schäfer, Peter Gendolla (eds.), Reading Moving Letters. Digital Literature in Research and Teaching: A Handbook. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2010.
* Giovanna Di Rosario. 2011. OLE Officina di Letteratura Elettronica - Lavori del Convegno, Atelier Multimediale edizioni, Napoli
* Markku Eskelinen. 2012. Cybertext Poetics: The Critical Landscape of New Media Literary Theory.
* Hartmut Koenitz et al. 2015. Interactive Digital narrative: History, Theory, and Practice.
* Joseph Tabbi, ed. 2018. The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature, Bloomsbury Press, London.
* Scott Rettberg. 2018. Electronic Literature. Cambridge: Polity Press
* Astrid Ensslin and Alice Bell. 2021. Digital Fiction and the Unnatural: Transmedial Narrative Theory, Method, and Analysis
* Astrid Ensslin. 2022. Pre-web Digital Publishing and the Lore of Electronic Literature

### Landmark Reviews

* Robert Coover, 1993 New York Times Book Review, "Hyperfiction: Novels for the Computer"
* Robert Coover, August 29, 1993 New York Times Book Review, "Hyperfiction; And Now, Boot Up the Reviews"

### Titles

See also Category:Electronic literature works
* Portal, text-based video adventure by Rob Swigart (1986)
* Afternoon, a story, by Michael Joyce (1987, 1990)
* Agrippa (A Book of the Dead), artwork-based poem by William Gibson (1992)
* Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop (1992)
* Forward Anywhere, hypertext narrative by Judy Malloy and Cathy Marshall
* Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson (1995)
* My Boyfriend Came Back from the War, hypertext artwork by Olia Lialina (1996)
* Six Sex Scenes, novella by Adrienne Eisen (1996)
* Twelve Blue, hypertext fiction by Michael Joyce (1996)
* 253 or Tube Theatre by Geoff Ryman (1997)
* Califia, Marjorie Luesebrink M.D. Coverley
* Egypt: The book of Going Forth by Day Marjorie Luesebrink M.D. Coverley
* Notes Toward Absolute Zero (1995)
* Light-Water: a Mosaic of Meditations, hypermedia poetry by Christy Sheffield Sanford (1999)
* The Unknown by William Gillespie, Scott Rettberg, and Dirk Stratton (1999)
* Storyland by Nanette Wylde (2000)
* Lexia to Perplexia by Talan Memmott (2000)
* Tramway by Alexandra Saemmer (2000/2009)
* These Waves of Girls by Caitlin Fisher (2001)
* haikU by Nanette Wylde (2001)
* Meaning Maker, conceptual, social practice art project by Kent Manske and Nanette Wylde (2006)
* The Mongoliad, fictional narrative by Neal Stephenson and Greg Bear (2010)
* Déprise (2010)
* Böhmische Dörfer, digital poem by Alexandra Saemmer (2011))
* Clockwork Watch, collaborative storytelling project, Yomi Ayeni (2012)
* Depression Quest, interactive fiction game by Zoë Quinn (2013)
* Queers in Love at the End of the World, hypertext game by Anna Anthropy (2013)
* Notes on the Voyage of Owl and Girl by J.R. Carpenter (2014)
* The Old Axolotl, Polish digital novel by Jacek Dukaj (2015)
* The Imaginary 20th Century (2016)
* Poesie Elettroniche (2016)
* Figurski at Findhorn on Acid (2001, 2021)
* Game, game, game and again game (2008), Nothing you have done deserves such praise (2013), I made this. you play this. we are enemies (2009), and Scrape Scraperteeth (2011) are important examples of the intersection of games and poetry by Jason Nelson.
* 1000 Days of Syria, hypertext fiction game by Mitch Swenson
* The Imaginary 20th Century, historical comic novel by Norman M. Klein (2016)
* C ya laterrrr, hypertext fiction by Dan Hett (2017)
* ReRites, poetry work by David Jhave Johnston (2019)

## Awards

There are various awards for electronic literature including:
* Electronic Literature Awards from the Electronic Literature Organization, awarded annually for the best literary work and the best work of scholarship
* New Media Writing Prize, an annual international competition from the UK with prizes for innovative digital fiction
* Woollahra Digital Literary Award, an annual award in support of Australian digital literature and publishing

## Syllabi

Digital Storytelling at Washington State University at Vancouver in Spring 2023 with Dene Grigar taught At Nightfall. A Goldfish, Ghost, First Draft of the Revolution (Emily Short), Figurski at Findhorn on Acid (Richard Holeton), Hours of the Night (Stephanie Strickland).
Critical Making of Contemporary Information through Digital-born Creative Works with Shanmugapriya T at University of Toronto in Winter 2022
Applachian State University with Leonardo Flores:
* Underrepresented Voices in Digital Literature ENG 2369 included Uncle Roger (Judy Malloy), My Body a Wunderkammer (Shelley Jackson), The Hunt for the Gay Planet (Anna Anthropy), Quing's Quest VII: The Death of Videogames!” (Dietrich Squinkifer-Squinky), With Those We Love Alive (Porpentine), Galatea (Emily Short), Twisty Little Passages (Nick Monfort), “c-ya-laterrrr” (Dan Hett), and “Please Answer Carefully” (litrouke).
* The Materials of Poetry English 3704 included hyperpoems (William Dickey), Seattle Drift (Jim Andrews), Ask Me for the Moon (John David Zuern), The Sweet Old Etcetera (Alison Clifford), Fitting the Pattern (Christine Wilks),“Between Page to Screen” (Amaranth Borsuk) , Requiem (Caitlin Fisher), The Water Cave (Andy Campbell, Magpie (Andy Campbell and Judi Alston), and Monde 4 “Alice” (Marc Veyrat)
* Electronic Literature and Digital Writing Eng 5535 Summer 2022 included Uncle Roger (Judy Malloy), Underground Kingdom (Edward Packard), Living Will (Mark Marino), Birds Singing Other Birds’ Songs (María Mencía), My Boyfriend Came Back From the War (Olia Lialina)
* Postmodern Experimental Poetry English 4795/6 Spring 2021 included Cent Mille Milliards de Poèmes (Raymond Queneau), Eunoia (Christian Bök), The Black Book (Jean Keller), and The Deletionist (Amaranth Borsuk)
Natalie Federova's Text in Art courses included Michael Joyce (afternoon, a story), Patchwork Girl (Shelley Jackson), Shade (Andrew Plotkin), The Facade (Michael Mateas and Andrew Stern), The Intruder (Natalie Bookchin), ROMAN (Roman Leibov), and I cannot remember time I didn't need you (Danielle Brathwaite-Shirley).