OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1921 in paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1921.

## Plants
### Newly named angiosperms

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
| Porana sikhote-alinensis | Sp nov | jr synonym | Kryshtofovich | Miocene | Amgu flora | Russia Primorsky Krai | A mallow relative, jr synonym of Florissantia sikhote-alinensis (1992) | |

## Arthropods
### Newly named insects

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
| Eoformica | Gen et sp nov | valid | Cockerell | Eocene | Green River Formation | USA Colorado | An incertae sedis ant genus, type species E. eocenica (a jr synonym to Eoformica pinguis (Scudder, 1877) in 1930) | Eoformica pinguis |

## Dinosaurs
### Newly named dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
| Sarcosaurus | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Andrews | Hettangian-Sinemurian | Blue Lias | England | A ceratosaurid | Sarcosaurus |

## Synapsids
### Non-mammalian

| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Anteosaurus | Valid | Watson | Middle Permian | Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone | South Africa | A member of Dinocephalia. |
| Emyduranus | Junior synonym | Broom | Late Permian | Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone | South Africa | A junior synonym of Pristerodon. |
| Leptotrachelus | Junior synonym | Broom | Middle Permian | Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone | South Africa | Junior synonym of Gorgonops |
| Palemydops | Valid | Broom | Late Permian | Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone | South Africa | A dicynodont. |
# The Confessions of Mycroft Holmes: A Paper Chase

The Confessions of Mycroft Holmes: A Paper Chase is the title of a 2001 novel by Marcel Theroux. It was published in the United Kingdom in 2002 as The Paperchase.
The protagonist is an Anglo-American journalist, Damien March, who inherits a dilapidated mansion in the United States on the death of his uncle, Patrick. Upon taking up residence, he discovers several short stories featuring Mycroft Holmes, which lead him to investigate the relationship between his father, mother and uncle.
The novel was named the winner of the Somerset Maugham Award in 2002.
# Terebra lauretanae

Terebra lauretanae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.
# Moulton Park

Moulton Park is a large industrial estate and former civil parish, now in the parish of Northampton, in the West Northamptonshire district, in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. It is near the village of Moulton, a few miles north of the town of Northampton.

## Business park

Nationwide Building Society have a main office on the business park, near to the BLC Leather Technology Centre (former British Leather Manufacturers' Research Association).

## Transmitter

The main transmitter for BBC Radio Northampton on 104.2FM is to the west of Moulton Park near the University of Northampton (former Nene College) on Boughton Green Road. It also carries national FM radio.

## Civil parish

Moulton Park became a parish in 1858, on 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Northampton and Boughton. In 1931 the parish had a population of 244.
# The Silence of Mercy

The Silence of Mercy is an upcoming American independent drama film directed by Floria Sigismondi and written by Chris Basler.

## Cast

* Agnes Born as Roslyn
* Raffey Cassidy as Arild
* Alexandra Dowling
* Annabelle Wallis

## Production

In January 2019, Chris Basler's screenplay The Enclosed was one of ten included on the first GLAAD List, a joint venture between GLAAD and The Black List showcasing "the most promising unmade LGBTQ-inclusive scripts in Hollywood". On December 11, 2020, it was announced that Floria Sigismondi would direct the film, now titled The Silence of Mercy, with Annabelle Wallis starring. In March 2021, Agnes Born joined the cast of the film.
Principal photography took place from February 25 to April 15, 2021, in Ireland.
# Leader of the Government in the Legislative Council (South Australia)

The Leader of the Government in the South Australian Legislative Council, commonly known as Leader of the Council and also called Leader of Government Business or Manager of Government Business, is the chief representative of the government in the upper house of the Parliament of South Australia. The leader is also responsible for the management of government business in the chamber. The office is held by a member of the Cabinet of South Australia.
Being the representative of the government in the upper house, the Leader of the Government takes a major part in debates in parliament. In terms of managing and scheduling government business, the Leader of the Government is responsible including:
* the order in which government issues are to be dealt with
* tactical matters in reaction to impediments to such management
* negotiation with their opposition counterpart (the Manager of Opposition Business) about the order in which bills are to be debated, and
* time allotted for debate.

## List of leaders of the government

| Govt leader | Term began | Term ended | Time in office |
| Rob Lucas | 14 February 1993 | 5 March 2002 | 9 years, 19 days |
| Paul Holloway | 2002 | 2011 |
| Bernard Finnigan | February 2011 | 21 April 2011 |
| Gail Gago | 2011 | 2016 |
| Kyam Maher | 18 January 2016 (2016-01-18) | 18 March 2018 (2018-03-18) | 2 years, 59 days |
| Rob Lucas | 22 March 2018 (2018-03-22) | 21 March 2022 (2022-03-21) | 3 years, 364 days |
| Kyam Maher | 24 March 2022 (2022-03-24) | incumbent | 2 years, 199 days |
# AP5M1

AP-5 complex subunit mu (AP5M1), otherwise known as MUDENG (MuD), is a protein that is encoded by the AP5M1 gene. The AP5M1 gene was originally discovered when screening for genes which helped to promote death in Fas-mediated apoptosis. It is a highly conserved gene.
MuD is the medium-sized subunit of the AP5 adaptor complex. MuD is expressed throughout the body and is located within both the mitochondria as well as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells.
MuD has been shown to have the ability to induce apoptosis; however, there is evidence that it plays an anti-apoptotic role in apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).

## Structure

MuD consists of 490 amino acids that interact to form a tertiary structure with three domains.
The overall structure shares similarities with adaptor protein (AP) complexes that are related to clathrin-mediated endocytosis; amino acids 197 through 417 are a shared adaptin domain found in AP μ subunits.
Within the adaptin domain are two aspartic acids, D276 and D290, which serve as binding sites for caspase-3.

## Function

The overall function of MuD remains unclear. It is known, however, that MuD regulates the expression of BAX, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins. Due to— and dependent upon— this relationship, MuD has been able to induce cell death in tumor cells.
Additionally, MuD has been suggested to be involved in endosomal trafficking.

## TRAIL and MuD

TRAIL, an apoptosis-inducing ligand, activates caspase-8 and caspase-3, which initiate the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by cleaving BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (Bid) into tBid, another pro-apoptotic member of the Bl-2 protein family. MuD interferes with this process because D276 and D290 act as alternative binding sites for caspase-3, decreasing the amount of Bid that gets cleaved. Tumor cells being treated with TRAIL are 32% more likely to survive when MuD is being expressed.
# Mérey-sous-Montrond

Mérey-sous-Montrond (French pronunciation:, literally Mérey under Montrond) is a former commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. On 1 January 2022, it was merged into the new commune of Les Monts-Ronds.

## Geography

The commune lies 12 km (7.5 mi) northwest of Ornans.
# 1921 in rail transport

This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1921.

## Events
### January

* January 26 – Abermule train collision, Wales: faulty operation of single line train tablet leads to head-on collision killing 17 people.

### April

* April 15 – Southern Pacific Railroad takes delivery of 4-6-2 number 2472 (now preserved) from Baldwin Locomotive Works.

### July

* July 14 – In an effort to consolidate maintenance and simplify operations, Grand Trunk Railway and Canadian Northern Ontario Railway open a 0.35 miles (0.56 km) connection in Lyn, Ontario.
* July 24 – In the Russian SFSR, the propeller-driven Aerowagon derails at speed, killing 6.

### August

* August 19 – Publication in the United Kingdom of the Railways Act 1921, which provides for the amalgamation of British railway companies into four large groups, "The Big Four", with effect from January 1, 1923.

### September

* September 17 – The Dovre Line between Oslo and Trondheim in Norway is officially opened.

### December

* December 5 – The Louisville and Nashville Railroad introduces the Pan-American passenger train between Cincinnati, Ohio and New Orleans, Louisiana.

### Unknown date

* Spring – Founding of Railway & Locomotive Historical Society in the U.S.
* Standard Oil begins shipments of gasoline from Casper, Wyoming, by tank car on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad to Baton Rouge, Louisiana; in Baton Rouge, the fuel is transloaded to ships for export. The city of Casper claims that it ships more oil by railroad than any other city in the world.

## Births
### July births

* July 31 – James I. C. Boyd, British railway historian (died 2009).

## Deaths
### February deaths

* February 9 – Lucius E. Johnson, president of the Norfolk and Western Railroad 1904–1921 (born 1846).

### April deaths

* April 10 – Henry Kirke Porter, American steam locomotive builder (born 1840).

### May deaths

* May 18 – Franklin Knight Lane, Interstate Commerce Commission commissioner 1905–1913, chairman of same in 1913 (b. 1864).

### September deaths

* September 3 – Joseph A. Bennett, president of the Bridgton and Saco River Railroad (born 1852).

### November deaths

* November 29 – George Stephen, first president of Canadian Pacific Railway Limited 1881–1888 (born 1829).
# 1971 Seton Hall Pirates baseball team

The 1971 Seton Hall Pirates baseball team represented Seton Hall University in the 1971 NCAA University Division baseball season. The Pirates played their home games at Owen T. Carroll Field. The team was coached by Ownie Carroll in his 25th year as head coach at Seton Hall.
The Pirates won the District II Playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Texas–Pan American Broncs.

## Schedule

1971 Seton Hall Pirates baseball game log :
Regular season :
March (1–1)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
1MarchFairleigh DickinsonUnknown • Unknown2–30–10–1
2MarchWagnerUnknown • Unknown7–61–11–1 :
April (8–8)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
3April 2at RutgersUnknown • Piscataway, New Jersey5–81–21–1
4AprilSt. Francis (NY)Unknown • Unknown5–02–22–1
5AprilRiderUnknown • Unknown6–102–32–1
6AprilSt. John'sOwen T. Carroll Field • South Orange, New Jersey0–32–42–2
7AprilC. W. PostUnknown • Unknown8–23–43–2
8AprilFordhamUnknown • Unknown6–54–43–2
9AprilIthacaUnknown • Unknown1–44–53–2
10AprilFairleigh DickinsonUnknown • Unknown3–25–54–2
11April 18RutgersOwen T. Carroll Field • South Orange, New Jersey7–26–54–2
12AprilWagnerUnknown • Unknown4–07–55–2
13AprilSt. Francis (NY)Unknown • Unknown11–58–56–2
14AprilNYUUnknown • Unknown2–98–66–2
15AprilManhattanUnknown • Unknown1–78–76–3
16April 25VillanovaOwen T. Carroll Field • South Orange, New Jersey8–98–86–3
17AprilSt. Peter'sUnknown • Unknown9–89–86–3
18AprilManhattanUnknown • Unknown2–49–96–4 :
May (3–2)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
19MayCCNYUnknown • Unknown15–110–96–4
20MayIonaUnknown • Unknown4–510–106–5
21MayArmyUnknown • Unknown3–810–116–5
22MayLIU BrooklynUnknown • Unknown5–111–117–5
23MayManhattanUnknown • Unknown–12–118–5 :
Postseason :
Metro Conference Playoff (2–1)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
24MayIonaUnknown • Unknown1–212–128–5
25MayIonaUnknown • Unknown6–113–128–5
26MayIonaUnknown • Unknown15–614–128–5 :
NCAA District II Playoff (3–0)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
27Mayvs BuffaloBill Clarke Field • Princeton, New Jersey3–115–128–5
28Mayvs Saint Joseph'sBill Clarke Field • Princeton, New Jersey8–116–128–5
29MaySaint Joseph'sBill Clarke Field • Princeton, New Jersey4–117–128–5 :
College World Series (0–2)
Date
Opponent
Site/stadium
Score
Overall record
Metro record
30June 8vs Southern CaliforniaOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska1–517–138–5
31June 10vs Texas–Pan AmericanOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska2–817–148–5 :
# 1934–35 Svenska mästerskapet (men's handball)

The 1934–35 Svenska mästerskapet was the fourth staging of the Svenska mästerskapet, a tournament held to determine the Swedish Champions of men's handball. Teams qualified by winning their respective District Championships. 17 teams competed in the tournament. Redbergslids IK were the defending champions, but failed to qualify by losing to Göteborgs IK in the District Championship of Gothenburg. Majornas IK won the title, defeating Stockholms-Flottans IF in the final. The final was played on 30 March in Skeppsholmshallen in Stockholm, and was watched by 1,182 spectators.

## Results
### First round

* Brynäs IF–IF Gute 23–8

### Second round

* Brynäs IF–Upsala Studenters IF 14–17
* I 10 Strängnäs–Norrköpings AIS 14–12

### Third round

* IF Castor–Sollefteå GIF 9–4
* Upsala Studenters IF–Stockholms-Flottans IF 6–13
* I 10 Strängnäs–IFK Örebro 14–27
* Majornas IK–IF Göta 26–3
* IFK Uddevalla–IFK Skövde 13–12 a.e.t.
* Flottans IF Karlskrona–IFK Kristianstad 24–11

### Quarterfinals

* IF Castor–Umeå IK w/o
* Stockholms-Flottans IF–IFK Örebro 14–8
* Majornas IK–IFK Uddevalla 21–6
* Flottans IF Karlskrona–GoIF Fram 16–8

### Semifinals

* IF Castor–Stockholms-Flottans IF 3–11
* Majornas IK–Flottans IF Karlskrona 18–10

### Final

* Stockholms-Flottans IF–Majornas IK 9–10

## Champions

The following players for Majornas IK received a winner's medal: Jarl Nyberg, Åke Forslund (1 goal in the final), Henry Apelgren, Eskil Gustafsson, Agne Blomgren (1), Åke Gustafsson (1), Lars Baltzer (2), Stig Hjortsberg (5) and Arne Holmqvist.
# The Evolution of Desire

The Evolution of Desire: Strategies of Human Mating is a 1994 book by evolutionary psychology professor David Buss. It is the first book to present a unified theory of human mating behaviour "based not on romantic notions... but on current scientific evidence." In the largest study of human mating at the time, 10,047 people were surveyed in 37 cultures across six continents and five islands. Buss expands on Donald Symons' The Evolution of Human Sexuality (1979) by examining all the actions that occur before and after sexual activity: strategies of mate competition, mate attraction, mate selection, mate retention, mate poaching, sexual conflict, mate ejection, and remating over a lifespan.
The book took four years to write based on a decade of research by Buss. A key premise of his work is that humans have multiple mating strategies, some of which reveal important sex differences. Buss attributes this to instinctual adaptations which he argues are universal across cultures and rooted in ancestral selection pressures. Similarities between men and women involve their use of deception, sexual display, and denigration of intrasexual rivals.
Two chapters were added in a 2003 revised edition. The third edition was released in 2016, containing new material integrated throughout the book.
# The Secret (2001 film)

The Secret (also titled Le Secret) is a 2001 French romantic drama film directed by Virginie Wagon and starring Anne Coesens, Michel Bompoil and Tony Todd. It is Wagon's feature directorial debut.

## Cast

* Anne Coesens as Marie
* Michel Bompoil as François
* Tony Todd as Bill
* Frédéric Sauzay as Luc
* Jacqueline Jehanneuf as La mère de Marie
* Natalya Ermilova as Ana
* Valérie Vogt as Séverine
* Quentin Rossi as Paul
* Aladin Reibel as Rémy

## Release

The film was released on August 23, 2001.

## Reception

David Parkinson of Radio Times awarded the film three stars out of five.
# Hacımenteş, Gönen

Hacımenteş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Gönen, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 28 (2022).
# Tephritis pulchra

Tephritis pulchra is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Tephritis of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Central & south Europe to Turkey, North Africa.
# Hypnale zara

Hypnale zara, the lowlands hump-nosed pit viper, is a venomous pit viper species endemic to Sri Lanka. It is distinguished from Hypnale nepa by variably colored body and less upcurved snout. No subspecies are currently recognized.

## Description

Hypnale zara has 10–19 minute scales extending from wart-like protuberances on the snout tip. Additionally, there are 18–39 heterogeneous small scales in the internasal to prefrontal regions, along with six scales around the eye and seven to eight supralabials. The costal scales are keeled, and there are 134–157 ventrals. Subcaudals may range from 34 to 51.
Dorsum color ranges from yellowish brown to dark brown, sometimes deep red. Two rows of distinct sub-oval or sub-triangular blotches meet in the vertebral region. There is a dark stripe across the eye and cheek. Venter is lighter than dorsum, sometimes light ash-gray.

## Reproduction

Hypnale zara is ovoviviparous.
# Méresse

Méresse is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Méresse (1931–2020), French footballer
* Zaïna Méresse (1935–2014), Mahorese politician
# Max Schneider (music historian)

Max Schneider (20 July 1875 – 5 May 1967) was a German music historian.

## Life

Born in Eisleben, Schneider studied musicology at the University of Leipzig with Hermann Kretzschmar and Hugo Riemann and composition with Salomon Jadassohn. After his time as second Kapellmeister in Halle from 1897 to 1901, he continued his studies of music history with Kretzschmar. In 1904, he moved to Berlin, where he worked from 1905 to 1915 as a "scientific assistant" at the Alte Bibliothek.
At the Royal Music Institute of Berlin, Schneider learnt orchestration and received the title of professor in 1913. In 1915, he accepted a professorship at the University of Breslau; two years later he obtained his doctorate with a dissertation on the beginnings of the basso continuo. From 1927, he was director of the Hochschule für Kirchenmusik der Evangelischen Kirche der schlesischen Oberlausitz [de] in Breslau. In 1928, he succeeded Arnold Schering as professor for musicology at the Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg. After 1933, Schneider was member of the organizations National Socialist Teachers League, National Socialist German Lecturers League, Nationalsozialistischer Altherrenbund [de], and the Reichsluftschutzbund. In December 1938 he resigned from his post as Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, which he had held since 1936, "because of the consequences of the "Rosenberg Politic".
After 1945 he joined the Free German Trade Union Federation. He taught far beyond his Emeritus in 1950 until 1962. Furthermore he taught music history and score playing at the Staatliche Hochschule für Theater und Musik Halle [de] founded in 1947.
Schneider took on the editorship of the Bach-Jahrbuch of the Neue Bachgesellschaft. This annual publication had been suspended during the war years and the previous editor Arnold Schering had died. The Jahrbuch covering the years 1940-1948 came out in 1947 as Volume 37 (published by Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig). Schneider was co-editor of the Archiv für Musikwissenschaft (1918–1927), the Händel-Jahrbuch (1955–1967), the Hallische Händel-Ausgabe (from 1955) as well as the series Musikgeschichte in Bildern [de] (from 1961). He dealt almost exclusively with the history of music from the late 16th to the middle of the 18th century, in particular with performance practice and source material. Schneider published important studies on Johann Sebastian Bach's biography and the sources of his works and helped to rehabilitate Georg Philipp Telemann.
From 1955 to 1967 he was president of the Georg-Friedrich-Händel-Gesellschaft [de] in Halle. In 1961 he was awarded the Handel Prize.
Schneider died in Halle at age 91. His grave is located on the Laurentius-Cemetery [de] in Halle.
# Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation

Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation may refer to:
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (Argentina)
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (Brazil)
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (Colombia)
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (Malaysia)
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (South Africa)
* Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (Uganda)
# Monthly Repository

The Monthly Repository was a British monthly Unitarian periodical which ran between 1806 and 1838. In terms of editorial policy on theology, the Repository was largely concerned with rational dissent. Considered as a political journal, it was radical, supporting a platform of: abolition of monopolies (including the Corn Laws); abolition of slavery; repeal of "taxes on knowledge"; extension of suffrage; national education; reform of the Church of England; and changes to the Poor Laws.

## History

The Monthly Repository was established when Robert Aspland bought William Vidler's Universal Theological Magazine and changed the name to the Monthly Repository of Theology and General Literature. Aspland edited the magazine until the end of 1826, when the paper was bought by the recently formed British and Foreign Unitarian Association. The "Cookites", the Methodist Unitarian movement founded by Joseph Cooke, was launched by an article in the Monthly Repository for May 1815.
A second series of the magazine, now the Monthly Repository and Review of General Literature, was begun in January 1827: the Unitarian Association's Book Department, under Thomas Rees, took direct editorial control until William Johnson Fox was appointed editor in 1828.
In 1831 Fox cut the magazine's explicit ties with Unitarianism by buying the paper, which had been making a loss, from the Association. He continued as editor-proprietor until 1836, when the magazine was briefly owned and edited by first Richard Henry Horne (1836–7) and then Leigh Hunt (1837–8).
Its price seems to have varied between 1s and 1s 6d.

## Contributors

Contributors included John Bowring, Lant Carpenter, George Dyer, Benjamin Flower, William Frend, Jeremiah Joyce, John Kentish, Harriet Martineau, J.S. Mill, Joseph Nightingale, John Towill Rutt, Emily Taylor, Eliza Flower and Sarah Fuller Flower Adams.