# Beaumaris (UK Parliament constituency)

Beaumaris (/bjuːˈmærɪs/ bew-MAR-is; Welsh: Biwmares) was a parliamentary borough in Anglesey, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of England from 1553, then to the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and to the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885, when the constituency was abolished. After 1832, the constituency was usually known as the Beaumaris District of Boroughs or simply the Beaumaris Boroughs.

## History

As elsewhere in Wales, the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 provided Anglesey with two members of parliament, one representing the county and the other representing a borough constituency named after the county town but including other "contributory boroughs" who were jointly responsible for providing for the upkeep of the MP and, in return, were granted a say in his election. However, at this period two towns, Beaumaris and Newborough, were disputing the right to be considered Anglesey's county town: under Henry VIII, Newborough was the assize town, but early in the reign of Edward VI (1547–1553) this function was transferred to Beaumaris. The new constituency was designated as Beaumaris, with Newborough as its only contributory borough, and first returned an MP in 1542; but at the same time as the assize was transferred, Newborough was also relieved of the obligation to contribute to the wages of the MP for Beaumaris which, under the terms of the relevant statute, also extinguished its right to vote in his election. Porritt, the early 20th century expert on the history of the Unreformed House of Commons, concludes that "the probability is that Newborough broke the connection in a fit of ill-humour" rather than that it was contrived by Beaumaris; but within a few decades, as the desirability of being directly represented in Parliament became more widely recognised, Newborough was trying unsuccessfully to regain its former status. On several occasions until the early 18th century, Newborough's inhabitants attempted to vote, but had their votes refused by the returning officer and his decision was upheld by Parliament whenever they petitioned in objection.
The franchise was further restricted in 1562, when Elizabeth I granted Beaumaris a new municipal charter, which reserved the right to vote in parliamentary elections to members of the town corporation. Thereafter until 1832, Beaumaris was a closed "corporation borough" of a type common in England but unknown elsewhere in Wales; its only voters were the mayor, two bailiffs and 21 "capital burgesses", and since they had the sole right to fill any vacancies arising in their number their power was entirely self-perpetuating, making the constituency a completely safe pocket borough. For the best part of two centuries before the Great Reform Act 1832, the nomination was in the hands of the Bulkeley family of Baron Hill, and the elections were never contested.
By 1831, the borough of Beaumaris had a population of 2,497 (though, still, only 24 voters). The Reform Act extended the franchise, and also added three contributory boroughs – Amlwch, Holyhead and Llangefni. This raised the population of the revised Beaumaris Boroughs constituency to 8,547, though the number of qualified voters on the register in 1832 was only 329. This was still in practice a pocket borough, and the first contested election did not take place until the further extension of the franchise by the Representation of the People Act 1867, which brought the electorate up to almost 2,000 in the elections from 1868.
The constituency was abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, being merged into the Anglesey county constituency.

## Members of Parliament
### 1542–1640
#### Members for Newborough

| Parliament | Member |
| 1541 | Richard ap Rhydderch, of Myfyrion |
| 1545 | Owen ap Hugh |
| 1547 | John ap Robert Lloid |

#### Members for Beaumaris

| Parliament | Member | Notes |
| 1553 (Mar) | Maurice Grifith |
| 1553 (Sep) | Rowland Bulkeley |
| 1554 (Nov) | William Bulkeley? or William Goodman? | name damaged |
| 1555 | Hugh Goodman |
| 1558–1567 | William Price |
| 1571 | William Bulkeley |
| 1572 | Rowland Kenrick |
| 1584–1593 | Thomas Bulkeley | Died 1593 |
| 1597–1598 | William Jones |
| 1601 | William Maurice |
| 1604 | William Jones |
| 1614 | William Jones |
| 1621–1622 | Sampson Eure |
| 1624 | Charles Jones |
| 1625 | Charles Jones |
| 1626 | Charles Jones |
| 1628 | Charles Jones |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned |

### 1640–1885

| Year | | Member | Party |
| 1640 (Apr) | | Charles Jones | |
| November 1640 | | John Griffith | Royalist |
| August 1642 | Griffith died – seat vacant | Griffith died – seat vacant | Griffith died – seat vacant |
| 1646 | | William Jones | |
| December 1648 | Jones excluded in Pride's Purge – seat vacant | Jones excluded in Pride's Purge – seat vacant | Jones excluded in Pride's Purge – seat vacant |
| 1653 | Beaumaris was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Beaumaris was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Beaumaris was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate |
| January 1659 | | Griffith Bodwrda | |
| May 1659 | Unrepresented in the restored Rump | Unrepresented in the restored Rump | Unrepresented in the restored Rump |
| April 1660 | | Griffith Bodwrda | |
| April 1661 | | Heneage Finch | |
| July 1661 | | John Robinson | |
| February 1679 | | Richard Bulkeley | |
| August 1679 | | Hon. Henry Bulkeley | Tory |
| 1689 | | William Williams | |
| 1690 | | Thomas Bulkeley | |
| 1695 | | Sir William Williams | |
| 1698 | | Owen Hughes | |
| January 1701 | | Coningsby Williams | |
| December 1701 | | Robert Bulkeley | |
| 1703 | | Coningsby Williams | |
| 1705 | | Hon. Henry Bertie | |
| 1727 | | Watkin Williams-Wynn | Tory |
| 1730 | | Richard Bulkeley | Tory |
| 1739 | | James Bulkeley | Tory |
| 1753 | | John Owen | Opposition Whig |
| 1754 | | Richard Thelwall Price | |
| 1768 | | Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Hugh Williams | |
| 1780 | | Sir George Warren | |
| 1784 | | Hon. Hugh Fortescue | |
| 1785 | | Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Hugh Williams | |
| 1794 | | Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn | |
| 1796 | | Thomas Wynn | |
| 1807 | | Sir Edward Lloyd | |
| 1812 | | Thomas Lewis | |
| 1826 | | Sir Robert Williams | Whig |
| 1831 | | Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley | Whig |
| 1832 | | Frederick Paget | Whig |
| 1847 | | Lord George Paget | Whig |
| 1857 | | Hon. William Owen Stanley | Whig |
| 1859 | | Hon. William Owen Stanley | Liberal |
| 1874 | | Morgan Lloyd | Liberal |
| 1885 | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished |

## Election results
### Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Robert Williams | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
Williams' death caused a by-election.
By-election, 8 February 1831: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Richard Williams-Bulkeley | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | c. 22 | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1831: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Richard Williams-Bulkeley | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | c. 22 | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1832: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Frederick Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 329 | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1835: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Frederick Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 218 | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1837: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Whig | Frederick Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 323 | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |

### Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Whig | Frederick Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 298 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1847: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Whig | George Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 335 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |

### Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Whig | George Paget | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 459 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1857: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Whig | William Owen Stanley | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 473 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold | Whig hold |
General election 1859: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Owen Stanley | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 521 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |

### Elections in the 1860s

General election 1865: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Owen Stanley | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 558 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
General election 1868: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Owen Stanley | 941 | 59.1 | N/A |
| | Liberal | Morgan Lloyd | 650 | 40.9 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 291 | 18.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,591 | 81.8 | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1,944 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |

### Elections in the 1870s

General election 1874: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Morgan Lloyd | 947 | 61.3 | +20.4 |
| | Conservative | Thomas Lewis Hampton-Lewis | 344 | 22.3 | New |
| | Liberal | Edmund Verney | 255 | 16.5 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 603 | 39.0 | +20.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,546 | 75.5 | −6.3 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 2,048 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |

### Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Beaumaris :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Morgan Lloyd | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 2,581 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |