OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marusia massacre

The Marusia massacre (Spanish: Masacre de Marusia) (March, 1925) was the response of the Chilean government under president Arturo Alessandri to a strike by the workers of a saltpeter mine leading to over 500 dead, over ninety percent being strikers or their family members.

## Background

The nitrate oficina (saltpeter mine) of Marusia was located in the foothills of the Andes in the región de Tarapacá, about 41⁄2 miles northwest of the town of Huara. Its monthly production was 865 tons of salt. In March 1925, the mine workers went on strike to demand higher pay, a shorter workday, and better working conditions. While negotiations were taking place between the company executives and the workers' representatives, the British engineer who ran the mine, a man much hated because of his habit of whipping his workers, was found dead near the mine. A Bolivian engineer was accused of the crime and executed without due process by decision of the company owners.

## Events

The union, under the leadership of Domingo Soto (labor leader), was afraid of reprisals, especially another massacre like the one that had happened only a few years before in San Gregorio, so they decided to take several preventive measures. They contacted the other mines and proposed blowing up the railroad tracks to prevent the arrival of strikebreakers. Upon being apprised of the unrest, the government responded by sending forty soldiers under the command of Captain Gilberto Troncoso, known as the "Hyena of San Gregorio" for his violent behavior.
The women of Marusia organized themselves under the leadership of Selva Saavedra and decided to resist the advance of the troops. When the soldiers arrived, they entered the town shooting. A group of workers responded by throwing dynamite sticks at them, killing several soldiers and seizing their guns. Then the workers mounted a counteroffensive, taking over the explosives depot of the mine and cutting the telegraphic wires. Captain Troncoso was forced to retreat.
The miners proceeded to arm the whole town (about 2,400 people). In an open assembly, the union leaders proposed negotiating their surrender, while some miners advocated calling upon the help of the workers from other mines. In the end, a motion by Soto that the town priest be asked to mediate was adopted.
The army reinforcements arrived in the form of a 300-man battalion under the command of Colonel Pedro Schultz. They attacked the town in the middle of the night and machine-gunned everyone in sight. Hundreds died, including women and children — the exact number was never properly established. A group of workers was able to mount a hasty defense, throwing dynamite sticks at the advancing troops, and they managed to kill 36 soldiers and injure 64. The surviving miners escaped with their families into the high mountains. This put an end to the immediate strike, but the conflict flared again less than two months later, leading to the La Coruña massacre.

## Popular culture

The film titled Letters from Marusia is based on a Patricio Manns novel (1974) inspired by these events.
# ConGlomeration (convention)

ConGlomeration was an annual multigenre convention held in or around Louisville, Kentucky, between 2001 and 2019. ConGlomeration was an all-volunteer non-profit organization which, as part of its convention programming, conducted charitable activities on behalf of the American Cancer Society and Cabbage Patch Settlement House. With the unexpected closure of the convention's hotel in 2008, the operation of the convention was disrupted, but resumed in 2010. The final ConGlomeration, ConGlomeration 2020, was scheduled to be held at the Crowne Plaza Hotel in Louisville on Easter weekend, April 10–12, 2020, but was cancelled due to COVID-19.

## Activities

ConGlomeration was a fan convention, incorporating aspects of a gaming convention, science fiction convention and, in 2006, 2007 and 2008, a writing workshop run by Apex Magazine. A 24-hour staffed game room, a LARP, tracked author programming, a cosplay masquerade competition, a dealer's room, and a genre art auction are regular components of ConGlomeration's official activities.

## Mascot

The convention mascot was a platypus that donned various disguises —- including a giant mecha robot, a homage to Gandalf, and King Kong—for his appearance on the official con T-shirt, which was given to staff and volunteers.
# Gampelen railway station

Gampelen railway station (German: Bahnhof Gampelen) is a railway station in the municipality of Gampelen, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Bern–Neuchâtel line of BLS AG.

## Services

The following services stop at Gampelen:
* Bern S-Bahn S5: hourly service between Bern and Neuchâtel.
# Joseph Thompson (actor)

Joseph Thompson is a British theatre, screen and voice actor from England, best known for playing Dr. Paul Browning in the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks. He studied at the University of Bristol and trained as an actor at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.

## Career

He made his 2005 theatre debut in Romeo and Juliet at the Royal Exchange, Manchester alongside Andrew Garfield and Gugu Mbatha-Raw and has worked extensively on stage. Notable productions include The Voysey Inheritance Fram and The Cherry Orchard at the National Theatre, Petrol Jesus Nightmare #5 at The Traverse Theatre and Earthquakes in London for Headlong. Other television work includes playing Eddie in Falling Water, Preston in Time After Time, George Hastings in the Sky Television adaptation of She Stoops To Conquer and roles in Elementary, Casualty, and EastEnders.

## Awards

He won the British Soap Award for Best Newcomer at The British Soap Awards and was nominated in the same category at the National Television Awards in 2013 for his portrayal of Dr. Browning. He was also nominated for Best On-Screen Partnership with Jennifer Metcalfe at the 2014 British Soap Awards.

## Personal life

Following his departure from Hollyoaks he moved to New York.
# Kamaluddin Ahmed (politician)

Kamaluddin Ahmed (15 August 1930 – 1 September 2018) was an Indian politician. He was a leader of the Indian National Congress political party till 2000, when he left the party and joined the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was the union minister of state, civil supplies and public distribution and Minister of State, Commerce in Government of India from June 1991 to September 1994.
Born in Warangal in 1930, Ahmed studied at Osmania University. He was first elected to Lok Sabha in 1980 from Warangal constituency in Andhra Pradesh state. He was re-elected to the 9th, 10th and 11th Lok Sabha from Hanamkonda in Andhra Pradesh. He died on 1 September 2018 due to natural causes.
# Stop That Cab

Stop That Cab is a 1951 American comedy film directed by Eugenio de Liguoro and starring Sid Melton, Iris Adrian and Marjorie Lord. It was produced as a second feature and distributed by the independent Lippert Pictures. Exclusive Films, which had a co-production partnership with Lippert, released in Britain..

## Plot

The trials and tribulations of a cab driver working the night shift, who must put with an assortment of crazies, hard cases and sob stories during work and then has to come home to a loud, argumentative, shrewish wife.

## Cast

* Sid Melton as Sidney Gugenheimer
* Iris Adrian as Lucy
* Marjorie Lord as Mary Thomas
* Tom Neal as Lefty
* William Haade as Onslow
* Greg McClure as George
* Chester Clute as Lucy's Father
* Minerva Urecal as Lucy's Mother
* Mario Siletti as Giuseppe Moscadella
* Renata Vanni as Josephine Moscadella
* Jess Kirkpatrick as Newsboy
* Montgomery Rutherford Hughes as the USC Student
# Ghala Dara Payen

Ghala Dara Payen (Persian: قلعه دره پائین) is a village in Arghanj Khwa district, Badakhshan province, northeastern Afghanistan.

## Nearby villages

Approximately 0.93 km (0.58 mi) from Ghala Dara Payen is another village in Arghanj Khwa district known as Ghala Dara Bala.
# MuseWeb

MuseWeb (formerly Museums and the Web) is an annual international conference in the field of museums and their websites. It was founded and organized by Archives & Museum Informatics and has taken place each spring since 1997 in North America, along with events in other countries.
Since 2011 it has been organized by Museums and the Web LLC and Co-Chaired by Nancy Proctor and Rich Cherry, who also co-edit the proceedings.

## Overview

The conference includes the GLAMi awards(The Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums Innovation awards) which recognizes the best GLAM work in the sector. Projects are nominated by GLAM professionals from around the world and reviewed by a committee of peers. The conference previously included annual "Best of the Web awards" for museum-related websites in a number of different categories, as well as an overall winner.

## Individual conferences

The following events have been held or are planned:
* MW1997, March 16–19, 1997 — Los Angeles, California, US
* MW1998, April 22–25, 1998 — Toronto, Ontario, Canada
* MW1999, March 11–14, 1999 — New Orleans, Louisiana, US
* MW2000, April 16–19, 2000 — Minneapolis, Minnesota, US
* MW2001, March 14–17, 2001 — Seattle, Washington, US
* MW2002, April 17–20, 2002 — Boston, Massachusetts, US
* MW2003, March 19–22, 2003 — Charlotte, North Carolina, US
* MW2004, March 31 – April 3, 2004 — Arlington, Virginia / Washington DC, US
* MW2005, April 13–17, 2005 — Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
* MW2006, March 22–25, 2006 — Albuquerque, New Mexico, US
* MW2007, April 11–14, 2007 — San Francisco, California, US
* MW2008, April 8–12, 2008 — Montreal, Quebec, Canada
* MW2009, April 14–18, 2009 — Indianapolis, Indiana, US
* MW2010, April 13–17, 2010 — Denver, Colorado, US
* MW2011, April 6–9, 2011 — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US
* MW2012, April 11–14, 2012 — San Diego, California, US
* MW2013, April 17–20, 2013 — Portland, Oregon, US
* MWA2013, December 9–12, 2013 — Hong Kong
* MWF2014, February 19–21, 2014 — Florence, Italy
* MW2014, April 2–5, 2014 — Baltimore, Maryland, US
* MWA2014, October 7–10, 2014 — Daejeon & Seoul, South Korea
* MW2015, April 8–11, 2015 — Chicago, Illinois, US
* MWA2015, October 5–9, 2015 — Melbourne, Australia
* MW2016, April 6–9, 2016 — Los Angeles, California, US
* MW17, April 19–22, 2017 — Cleveland, Ohio, US
* MW18, April 18–21, 2018 — Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
* MW19, April 2–6, 2019 — Boston, Massachusetts, US
* MW20, March 31-April 4, 2020 — This event was scheduled to take place in Los Angeles, California, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic it was held virtually
* MW21, April 5–9, 2021 — Washington DC, US
# Silver thiocyanate

Silver thiocyanate is the silver salt of thiocyanic acid with the formula AgSCN. Silver thiocyanate appears as a white crystalline powder. It is very commonly used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Additionally, studies have found silver nanoparticles to be present in saliva present during the entire digestive process of silver nitrate. Silver thiocyanate is slightly soluble in water, with a solubility of 1.68 x 10$^{−4}$ g/L. It is insoluble in ethanol, acetone, and acid.

## Structure

AgSCN is monoclinic with 8 molecules per unit cell. Each SCN$^−$ group has an almost linear molecular geometry, with bond angle 179.6(5)°. Weak Ag—Ag interactions of length 0.3249(2) nm to 0.3338(2) nm are present in the structure.

## Production
### Solution reaction

Silver thiocyanate has been commonly produced by the reaction between silver nitrate and potassium thiocyanate.
    AgNO$_3$ + KSCN → KNO$_3$ + AgSCN

### Ion-exchange route

Silver thiocyanate may be formed via an ion exchange reaction. In this double displacement reaction, silver nitrate and ammonium thiocyanate are dissolved in distilled water to produce silver thiocyanate and ammonium nitrate.
    AgNO$_3$ + NH$_4$SCN → NH$_4$NO$_3$ + AgSCN
Additionally, silver thiocyanate can be formed through the double displacement reaction between ammonium thiocyanate and silver chloride to form a precipitate of silver thiocyanate.
    AgCl + NH$_4$SCN → NH$_4$Cl + AgSCN

## Uses

The most common use of silver thiocyanate is as a silver nanoparticle. Silver thiocyanate nanoparticles have been found in saliva throughout the entire artificial digestion of silver nitrate. The nanoparticles can also be used as good ion conductors.
Silver thiocyanate has also been used to absorb uv-visible light at values less than 500 nm. At longer wavelengths, silver thiocyanate has been found to have good photocatalytic properties.

## Characterization

Upon production, silver thiocyanate can be characterized through a wide range of techniques: x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman Spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
# Jersey Red Ensign

The Jersey Red Ensign, officially the Jersey Defaced Red Ensign, is the civil ensign used by ships registered in the Channel Island of Jersey. It was created in 2010 after approval from Queen Elizabeth II and the States of Jersey. The flag consists of a British red ensign with the coat of arms of Jersey surmounted by a Plantagenet crown.

## History

Prior to 2010, Jersey had no unique civil ensign for maritime usage. Jersey-registered vessels instead used the plain British red ensign. This lack of a unique civil ensign for Jersey — and the fact that fellow Channel Island Guernsey had one — led Jersey's maritime authorities to request a unique Jersey red ensign be created, and a proposal was produced after discussions with the Garter King of Arms and the British College of Arms. Because it included the coat of arms of Jersey and the Plantagenet crown on it, as a symbol of Jersey's link with the English (and later British) Crown since King John, the States of Jersey were obliged to ask Queen Elizabeth II's approval for the proposed design.
The Queen granted consent for the design in April 2010 and the States of Jersey opened a public consultation for the new ensign. Following the consultation the States of Jersey unanimously agreed to introduce the Jersey red ensign in June 2010. The Economic Development Minister, Alan Maclean, stated that adoption of the new Jersey Red Ensign would be voluntary and Jersey registered vessels could continue to fly the British red ensign if they wished to. Owners of unregistered ships would be obliged to register them should they wish to use the new Jersey Red Ensign.
# Ayrancı railway station

Ayrancı station is a station in the Karaman Province of Turkey. Located just north of Ayrancı, 2.3 km (1.4 mi) north of the town center. TCDD Taşımacılık operates a daily intercity train from Konya to Adana, which stops at the station.
Ayrancı station is 147.8 km (91.8 mi) southeast of Konya station and 222.1 km (138.0 mi) northwest of Adana station.
# Shantha Biotechnics

Shantha Biotechnics Limited is an Indian biotechnology company headquartered in Hyderabad, India. It is the first Indian company to develop, manufacture and market recombinant human healthcare products in India. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sanofi group.
Shantha Biotechnics caters to major international markets including Asia-Pacific, Africa, Commonwealth of Independent States, and Latin America in addition to international organisations UNICEF and PAHO.

## History

Shantha Biotechnics, Ltd. began with the initiatives of Dr. K. I. Varaprasad Reddy and Khalil Ahmed. Varaprasad and Ahmed established the company in 1993 to produce affordable drugs for the general population, while maintaining international standards in quality. The project originated as an R&D project at Osmania University under the industry-university interactive programme in 1993, and later operated from the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology until an independent research and development facility was built.
In 2006 the European biotech major Mérieux Alliance bought a 60% stake in Shantha Biotechnics at a valuation of $175 million.
In 2009, the vaccine division of French pharmacological company Sanofi Pasteur acquired the stake held by Mérieux Alliance, valuing Shantha Biotech at Euro 550 million (over Rs 3,770 crore).
Over time, Sanofi acquired a further stake in Shantha Biotechnics and in 2013 acquired 100% of the company.

## Products

Drugs developed by Shantha include SHANVAC-B, SHANFERON, SHANKINASE, SHANPOIETIN, pediatric combination vaccines Shantetra and Shan5, SHAN HIB-DPT, SHAN HIB and SHANTT.

## Insuman cartridges project

The main object of the Insuman Cartridges Project is to produce insulin at a lower cost. It is in Medak district, Telangana. The project cost is ₹ 460 crore.
# Léandre Lacroix

Léandre Lacroix (1 January 1859 – 28 March 1935) was a Luxembourgish politician and jurist. He served as the Mayor of Luxembourg City between 1914 and 1918. He was chosen by Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide over his socialist rival Luc Housse, who would eventually succeed him in 1918.
There is a street in Limpertsberg, Luxembourg City, named after Lacroix (rue Léandre Lacroix).

## Footnotes

* ↑ Mersch (1959), p. 121
# Ryan Cavalieri

Ryan Cavalieri is a professional remote control car driver from Southern California he has won four IFMAR World Champion titles and more than 30 national titles. He has worked with most major RC Brands with cars by Team Associated, WRC Works and Schumacher. His electroical partner has also been varied including Orion and hobbywings
# Oliver Jones (businessman)

Oliver Jones (December 15, 1821 – November 15, 1899) was a businessman, landowner and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada.

## Early life

He was born in Head of Petitcodiac (later Petitcodiac, New Brunswick), the son of Jacob Jones and Hannah Corey.

## Career and later life

Jones moved to the Bend of Petitcodiac (later Moncton) in 1839, where he bought property including a hotel and built the first wharf in 1841. His first wife was Elizabeth Steeves. Jones married two more times: marrying Catherine Garden Simpson in 1852 and Elizabeth Jane Beer in 1863. He had 22 children, five with his first wife, six with his second wife and eleven with his third.
In 1854, he helped establish the Westmorland Bank and he also served as its president until the bank's failure in 1867. With partners, Jones also established a tannery and a soap and candle factory. He served as mayor of Moncton in 1859-60. Jones also set up a shipbuilding company there that operated between 1863 and 1865. He died in Moncton after suffering a stroke at the age of 77. He was generally disliked and after his death, his family had to post guards at his vault.
# Paul Brown-Bampoe

Paul Brown-Bampoe (born 15 May 2002) is an English rugby union player who plays as a wing for Exeter Chiefs.

## Career

He attended Durham University, during which he was called up by the England rugby sevens team in 2022. He joined Exeter Chiefs during the 2023-24 season after impressing in BUCS rugby. He spent time on loan that season with National League 1 side Plymouth Albion.
In August 2024, he scored a hat-trick of tries for Exeter in a pre-season friendly match against local rivals Cornish Pirates. He also scored in pre-season matches against Ospreys and Ulster Rugby, leading to Exeter head coach Rob Baxter to suggest he was ready for a senior league debut for the club. He made his Rugby Premiership debut for Exeter on 21 September 2024 against Leicester Tigers. He ran in a try from 95-metres on his European Rugby Champions Cup debut against Union Bordeaux Bègles on 11 January 2025.

## Style of play

He is described as a powerful and pacy winger.
# Noa Regev

Dr. Noa Regev (Hebrew: נועה רגב; born February 17, 1982) is the CEO of the Israel Film Fund, and a former CEO of the Jerusalem Cinematheque.

## Early life

Noa Regev was born in Tel Aviv in 1982, to Moti Regev, a Hi-tech professional, and Avital Regev-Shoshani, a copy editor. She received her primary education at the Tel Aviv School of Arts (1988-1997). She attended Igal Alon High School in Ramat Hasharon, from which she graduated in 2000 with a major in Film Studies. In 2001 she was recruited to the IDF and served in the Israeli Air Force as an officer in an air brigade until 2003.

## Career
### Academic career

In 2003, Noa enrolled in the Steve Tisch School of Film and Television at Tel Aviv University. In 2005, she received the Rector's Award of Excellence from Tel Aviv University and in 2006, she completed her bachelor's degree with cum laude distinction.
From 2006 to 2009, Regev taught Film Studies at the Tel Aviv Ironi Aleph School and worked as a teaching assistant at the Tel Aviv University Department of Film. In 2007, she became a lecturer at Open University in the Department of Language, Literature, and Art. In 2009, she received her MA cum laude from the Department of Film and Television at Tel Aviv University. That same year, Regev began lecturing in Cultural Studies, Production and Creativity at the Department of Film at Sapir Academic College. In addition, she began lecturing in the Department of Film and Television at the Faculty of Arts at Tel Aviv University.
Regev also won the Rector's Award of Excellence for Teachers. In 2011, she began to serve as a graduate advisor for MA students at Tel Aviv University's Department of Film. In 2013, she completed her PhD and was certified by the Department of Film and Television at Tel Aviv University. The topic of her research was "Children's Films" and dealt with "The Status of Children's Films within the multi-system of Cinema", in its generic definition and its dynamic relationship with other cinematic models.

### Cinema industry career

Noa Regev began working at the Tel Aviv Cinematheque at the age of 15, fulfilling various roles. In 2005, as part of her work, she staffed a few production roles at the Docaviv Festival. From 2010–2011, she directed the International Students' Film Festival in Tel Aviv. From 2012–2013, she served as the Director of the Holon Cinematheque.
In late 2013, she was appointed CEO of the Association "Jerusalem Cinematheque – Israeli Film Archive and Jerusalem Film Festival", which was responsible for management and operation of the Cinematheque and the Jerusalem Film Festival. In 2015 she served as a jury on the panel of the Munich Student Film Festival. In 2018, Regev served as a jury at the Berlin International Film Festival.
In 2022, Regev was named CEO of the Israel Film Fund, which was established in 1979 and supports the development, production, and marketing of Israeli films.
# James D. McKenna

James Daly McKenna (October 10, 1874 – March 16, 1949) was a Canadian newspaperman as well as a provincial and municipal politician. Originally based from Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, McKenna later moved to Sussex in New Brunswick to run the newspaper publisher now known as the Kings County Record, additionally serving as the town's mayor. He additionally served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as a member of the Liberal party. McKenna later moved to Saint John, where he would serve as mayor between 1944 and 1948.

## Life and career

James Daly McKenna was born on October 10, 1874, in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, to parents Peter and Elizabeth (née Thomas) McKenna. His family was Roman Catholic. After graduating from public school, McKenna began his career as a newspaperman and established the Dartmouth newspaper Atlantic Weekly in 1893. Upon the establishment of Sussex, New Brunswick in 1904, McKenna moved there and purchased the publisher which would later be known as the Kings County Record after renaming it. McKenna entered municipal politics, becoming the mayor of Sussex in the 1920s, and later served as a Liberal Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in the Kings district between 1922 and 1925. Additionally, he began serving as the New Brunswick Publishing Company's president in 1923. At the time, the company oversaw multiple local newspapers including the Telegraph-Journal. McKenna later moved to Saint John, serving as its mayor between 1944 and 1948.

## Personal life

On September 23, 1902, McKenna became married with Nellie McGivern. He later married a second time in Albert County with Margaret E. R. Archibald, on August 2, 1919. On March 16, 1949, McKenna died at his home in Saint John, at the age of 74.