OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nebet Tepe

Nebet Tepe is one of the hills of Plovdiv where the ancient town was founded. The earliest settlements on Nebet Tepe are dated back to 4000 BC. The site was first settled by Thracians, later expanded by Philip II of Macedon and the Roman Empire. As the town expanded, Nebet Tepe became the citadel of the town's acropolis. There are remains of the city's walls, towers, and a postern from the time of Justinian leading down to the Maritsa river. Today, the archaeological complex on the hill is one of the most popular tourist sights in Plovdiv and a cultural monument of national significance.

## Name

The name "Nebet" comes from the Turkish words nevbet (meaning "guard") and tepe (meaning "hill") or "The hill of the guards". It is assumed that in ancient times the garrison that guarded the city was located on the hill. The hill has another name in ancient times - "The hill of Musaeus", which is associated with the Thracian Musaeus who was the most talented student of Orpheus.

## Archaeology

The remains of city walls, towers and ancient buildings were found during the excavations on Nebet Tepe. The oldest part of the walls on the hill dating from the 4th c. BC was built with large syenite blocks closely fitted together with minimal clearance between adjacent stones and no use of mortar, typical for ancient cyclopean masonry. The remains of the Western wall with the imposing quadrangular tower and its entrance are evidence of the Hellenistic period when the ancient town expanded and the city on Nebet Tepe became the citadel of the town's acropolis. There are also thick stone walls from later periods and other ancient buildings.
One of the most interesting excavations is the unique postern with staircase from Roman times: a secret tunnel in the rocks under the North wall built in the 6th century AD during the reign of Justinian. Some historians say that Apostle Paul walked through this tunnel. The postern is thought to have led to the banks of the Maritsa river.
Water reservoirs used for water supply were also located on the hill. A large rectangular water reservoir with a volume of 350 m$^3$ is preserved in the Southern part of Nebet Tepe. It was built of alternating layers of stones and bricks while the inner walls and the floor were treated with hydrophobic coating.
Excavations from 2016 have brought to light a Roman wall bastion dating from the 1st c. AD.

## Gallery

* Stone walls and ancient water reservoir
* The water reservoir
* The quadrangular tower and Western walls
* The inner walls of the water reservoir
* Eastern wall
* The postern
* Eastern fortification
* Ruins of ancient gate
# West Allis Speedskating Club

The West Allis Speedskating Club (WASSC) was a short track speed skating club located in West Allis, Wisconsin. Founded in 1930, it was a nonprofit organization that ran and as part of the West Allis/West Milwaukee Department of Recreation. The club trained on the Pettit National Ice Center, at the State Fair grounds, which houses a 400-meter (1,300 ft) indoor speed skating oval and two Olympic-size ice rinks.
Members of the club, both novice and advanced, competed in short track speed skating competitions in various parts of the United States, such as the Great Lakes region.
For over 70 years, the WASSC developed top US speedskaters claiming over 17 Olympians, more than 50 World Team members and over 95 National Champions.
WASSC merged with the Badger Speedskating Club to become the Wisconsin Speed Skating Club.

## List of Olympians

* Names
* Nick Pearson
* Dan Jansen
* Chris Witty
* Cory Carpenter
* Kip Carpenter
* Chris Scheels
* Catherine Raney
* Darcie Dohnal
* Julie Goskowicz
* Tony Goskowicz
* Kirsten Holum
* Angela Zuckerman
* Jordan Stolz
Becky Sanfelippo
# Marcus Munatius Sulla Urbanus

Marcus Munatius Sulla Urbanus was a Roman senator of the 3rd century. He was consul for the year 234 as the colleague of the future emperor Pupienus. Sulla Urbanus is known entirely from inscriptions, which only attest to his consulate.
While he was always known as the colleague of the later emperor, his name was only known incompletely from a fragment of a fasti or list of magistrates recovered at Ostia Antica as [Su]lla Urbanus. More recently, two military diplomas have been published which provide his full name as Marcus Munatius Urbanus.
Based on the names, and the time between the consulates, Andreas Krieckhaus raises the possibility that Sulla Urbanus is the son of Marcus Munatius Sulla Cerialis, consul in 215. Krieckhaus admits that his cognomen "Sulla" indicates Sulla Urbanus claimed descent from the Republican dictator Sulla, but has no suggestion how he or his possible father are related to him.
# 1912 Tasmanian state election

The 1912 Tasmanian state election was held on Tuesday, 30 April 1912 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 30 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The election used the Hare-Clark proportional representation system — six members were elected from each of five electorates.
Elliott Lewis was elected as an Anti-Socialist at the 1909 election, and was Premier of Tasmania from 27 October 1909. He was urged by his predecessor, John Evans (premier from 11 July 1904 to 19 June 1909), to organise anti-Labor forces against a resurgent Labor Party (which won 12 seats at the 1909 election) and to support the formation of the Tasmanian Liberal League (not directly related to the modern Liberal Party).
Lewis was the incumbent Premier at the 1912 election, and John Earle was Labor Party leader. The election saw an increase in Labor seats from 12 to 14, just short of a House of Assembly majority. The Liberal Party won the election, with a two-seat majority. Despite leading the Liberals to victory, Lewis was criticised within the party, and resigned the leadership to Albert Solomon on 14 June the same year.

## Key dates

| Date | Event |
| 23 March 1912 | New electoral rolls came into force. |
| 4 April 1912 | The Parliament was dissolved. |
| 30 April 1912 | Polling day, between the hours of 8am and 6pm. |
| 14 June 1912 | Elliott Lewis resigned, succeeded by Albert Solomon. |
| 2 July 1912 | Parliament was summoned for business. |

## Results

| | Liberal | 40,252 | 54.48 | +3.87 | 16 | 2 |
| | Labor | 33,634 | 45.52 | +6.58 | 14 | 2 |
| Total | Total | 73,886 | 100.00 | – | 30 | – |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 73,886 | 97.15 | | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 2,166 | 2.85 | -0.01 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 76,052 | 100.00 | – | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 103,513 | 73.47 | +20.85 | | |
Popular vote
Liberal
54.48%
Labor
45.52% :
Seats
Liberal
53.33%
Labor
46.67% :

## Distribution of seats

* Electorate
* Bass
* Darwin
* Denison
* Franklin
* Wilmot
* Labor
* Liberal
# 1914 Belfast East by-election

The 1914 Belfast East by-election was held on 6 April 1914. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, Robert McMordie. It was won by the Irish Unionist candidate Robert Sharman-Crawford, who was unopposed.

## Elections in the 1910s

1914 Belfast East by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Irish Unionist | Robert Sharman-Crawford | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | | | |
| | Irish Unionist hold | Irish Unionist hold | Irish Unionist hold | Irish Unionist hold | Irish Unionist hold |
# Second attack on Anzac Cove

The second attack on ANZAC Cove (27 April 1915) was an engagement during the Gallipoli Campaign of the First World War. The attack was conducted by the forces of the Ottoman Turkish Empire, against the forces of the British Empire defending the cove.
# 1918 Portuguese general election

General elections were held in Portugal on 28 April 1918, following a coup by Sidónio Pais in December 1917. The elections were boycotted by the Democratic Party, the Evolutionist Party and the Republican Union, who had won over 90% of the seats in the 1915 elections.
Although they included the first direct vote election for the position of President, Pais was the only candidate and the vote was uncontested. In the parliamentary elections the result was a victory for the National Republican Party, which won 108 of the 155 seats in the House of Representatives and 32 of the 73 seats in the indirectly elected Senate.

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Sidónio Pais | National Republican Party | 513,958 | 100.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 513,958 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 900,000 | – |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver |||||

### Chamber of Deputies

| | National Republican Party | | | 108 | New |
| | Monarchist Cause | | | 37 | New |
| | Portuguese Catholic Centre | | | 5 | 4 |
| | Other parties and independents | | | 5 | –8 |
| Total | Total | | | 155 | –8 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 900,000 | – | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||||
Chamber of Deputies seats
PNR
69.68%
CM
23.87%
CCP
3.23%
Others
3.23% :

### Senate

| | National Republican Party | | | 32 | New |
| | Monarchist Cause | | | 10 | New |
| | Portuguese Catholic Centre | | | 1 | 0 |
| | Other parties and independents | | | 30 | +27 |
| Total | Total | | | 73 | +4 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 900,000 | – | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||||
Senate seats
PNR
43.84%
CM
13.70%
CCP
1.37%
Others
41.10% :

## Aftermath

Pais was assassinated in Lisbon on 14 December. On 16 December João do Canto e Castro was elected by parliament for a "transitional term".
# 1918 South Australian state election

State elections were held in South Australia on 6 April 1918. All 46 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election. The incumbent Liberal Union government led by Premier of South Australia Archibald Peake defeated the opposition Australian Labor Party led by Leader of the Opposition Andrew Kirkpatrick. Each district elected multiple members, with voters casting multiple votes.
The 1918 election was the first at which any women stood as candidates. Selina Siggins (Adelaide) and Jeanne Young (Sturt) both ran unsuccessfully as independents.

## Background

The Crawford Vaughan Labor government fell in July 1917 due to the Australian Labor Party split of 1916 on conscription, and was replaced by a Peake Liberal minority government. This was replaced by the Peake Liberal-National Labor coalition government in August 1917. Peake initially formed a ministry of liberals, but after complaints from National Labor who had supported him in the confidence motion, he included three National Labor members. Crawford Vaughan, National Labor leader, did not take a place in the ministry. The Liberal and National Labor parties went to the election in coalition.
The first new parties emerged since the two-party system was introduced from the 1910 state election − the Farmers and Settlers Association (F&S), Single Tax (ST) and the Farmers and Producers Country Party (FPCP). The United Labor Party was renamed to the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party on 14 September 1917.

## Results

South Australian state election, 6 April 1918 House of Assembly
<< 1915–1921 >> :
| Enrolled voters | Enrolled voters | 258,712 | | | | |
| Votes cast | Votes cast | 132,321 | | Turnout | 51.89% | – 23.06% |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,922 | | Informal | 1.45% | +0.38% |
| Summary of votes by party |||||||
| Party | Party | Primary votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change |
| | Labor | 144,204 | 44.54% | – 1.36% | 17 | – 9 |
| | Liberal Union | 90,453 | 27.94% | – 23.64% | 22 | + 2 |
| | National Party | 60,417 | 18.66% | * | 6 | + 6 |
| | Farmers and Settlers | 13,844 | 4.28% | * | 1 | + 1 |
| | Single Tax League | 1,398 | 0.43% | * | 0 | ± 0 |
| | Farmers and Producers | 1,033 | 0.32% | * | 0 | ± 0 |
| | Independent | 12,432 | 3.84% | + 1.32% | 0 | ± 0 |
| Total | Total | 132,321 | | | 46 | |
# Thakiyudeen Abdul Wahid

Thakiyudeen Abdul Wahid was an Indian entrepreneur and aviator. He was the Founder and Managing Director of the now-defunct East-West Airlines, the first scheduled private airline in the country. He was murdered on 13 November 1995.

## Early life

Wahid was born in Odayam village near Trivandrum in Kerala. He had a modest educational background and studied till 9th grade.

## Career

He began his business career with a travel agency with his brothers in Dadar, Mumbai to recruit manpower to Gulf countries. He started East-West Airlines in 1992 when the Indian Government reformed the airline industry by its "open skies policy". East-West Airlines commenced commercial operations on 28 February 1992.
The airline shut down its operations in 1996 after his death in 1995.

## Death

Wahid was shot dead on 13 November 1995 near his office in Mumbai.
# Jeamni massacre

The Jeamni Massacre (Korean: 제암리 학살 사건; lit. Jeamni Massacre Incident) was a mass murder of 20 to 30 unarmed Korean civilians by the Imperial Japanese Army on April 15, 1919, in Jeamni, Suwon, Korea, Empire of Japan.

## History

During the event, Japanese soldiers brought 20 to 30 Koreans they suspected were linked to the March First Movement protests into a church for a meeting. They then opened fire on the civilians, and burned down the church to destroy the bodies and evidence of the incident. They also set fire to nearby civilian homes. Despite the cover-up efforts, Canadian doctor Frank Schofield heard news of the event and immediately visited the scene. Schofield then wrote a report titled "The Massacre of Chai-Amm-Ni" and published it in The Shanghai Gazette on May 27, 1919.

### Japanese cover-up

The Japanese lieutenant responsible was disciplined, but a group of senior officers decided to attribute the incident to resistance by local people.
In his diary, Japanese commander Taro Utsunomiya wrote that the incident would hurt the reputation of the Japanese Empire and acknowledged that the Japanese soldiers committed murder and arson. Utsunomiya's diary revealed that Japanese colonial authorities met and decided to cover up the incident.

## Aftermath

In 2019, a group of 17 Japanese Christians visited the site of the massacre and apologized for the incident on behalf of Japan.
# Nathu Dhobi

Amar Shaheed Nathu Dhobi also known as Nathu Dhobi was a first freedom fighter to lead the Jallianwala Bagh struggle in the state of Amritsar,Punjab in 1919.
# John Garrick

John Garrick (born Reginald Dandy; 31 August 1902 – 22 October 1966) was a British stage and screen actor.
Born in Brighton, England, Dandy attended that city's schools and Brighton College.
Dandy made his first stage appearance at the age of ten in A Midsummer Night's Dream. Dandy found employment in a bank after leaving school, but after a few months he left "and turned to the more glamorous life on the stage". He worked up an original vaudeville act which he played at amateur shows. His vaudeville act was taken up by a theatrical manager and was toured throughout Great Britain. Dandy was then signed for a feature role in a revue playing at the Queen's Theatre.
Dandy was engaged to play the male lead in J. C. Williamson's Australian production of the operetta .Rose-Marie which opened in Sydney in May 1926. He performed in Rose-Marie for two years, with seasons throughout Australia and New Zealand. The play's run included an initial record-breaking season of forty-eight weeks in Sydney. After Rose-Marie Dandy took on leading roles in The Desert Song, Katja, the Dancer and Prince Charming.
In 1929 Dandy travelled to America. He arrived in California and found a part as the lead in a play called The Wishing Well which toured the West Coast. In Los Angeles the play closed after only four nights. However officials from Fox Films had seen the show and engaged the young actor for the role of the stage prince in Married in Hollywood, directed by Marcel Silver. Dandy adopted the stage name 'John Garrick' for the role, to avoid confusion with the established actor Reginald Denny.
In 1932, Garrick returned to England and starred in numerous English films.
John Garrick died in San Francisco, California in October 1966, aged 64 years.

## Filmography

* Married in Hollywood (1929)
* The Sky Hawk (1929)
* The Lottery Bride (1930)
* Just Imagine (1930)
* Are You There? (1930)
* Song o' My Heart (1930)
* Charlie Chan Carries On (1931)
* Bad Company (1931)
* Always Goodbye (1931)
* Chu Chin Chow (1934)
* The Broken Melody (1934)
* Too Many Millions (1934)
* Anything Might Happen (1934)
* Lily of Killarney (1934)
* Turn of the Tide (1935)
* His Majesty and Company (1935)
* D'Ye Ken John Peel? (1935)
* Street Song (1935)
* Royal Cavalcade (1935)
* The Rocks of Valpre (1935)
* A Touch of the Moon (1936)
* A Woman Alone (1936)
* To Catch a Thief (1936)
* Royal Eagle (1936)
* Shipmates o' Mine (1936)
* I Live Again (1936)
* Bells of St. Mary's (1937)
* Knights for a Day (1937)
* Sunset in Vienna (1937)
* The Last Rose of Summer (1937)
* Riding High (1939)
* Special Edition (1938)
* The Great Victor Herbert (1939)
# Silvia Glatthard

Silvia Glatthard (11 March 1930 – 20 July 2024) was a Swiss alpine skier. She competed in two events at the 1952 Winter Olympics.
In 1951, she married Arnold Glatthard (1910–2002), a former alpine skier and Swiss champion in 1935. She died on 20 July 2024, at the age of 94.
# Battle of Angostura (1868)

vteParaguayan War :
Mato Grosso campaign
Marquês de Olinda
1st Corumbá
Fort Novo de Coimbra
Feio River
Dourados
Anhambaí
Coxim
Laguna
Apa River
2nd Corumbá
Alegre
Corrientes campaign
Corrientes
San Lorenzo River
Rio Grande do Sul
São Borja
Butuí
Uruguaiana
Riachuelo
Paso de Mercedes
Paso de Cuevas
Yatay
Pehuajó
Jaguarí
Humaitá campaign
Purutué Bank
Paso de Patria
Laguna Sirena
Itapirú
Estero Bellaco
Paso Cidra
1st Tuyutí
Yataytí Corá
Boquerón
Sauce
Palmar
Curuzú
Curupayty
Arroyo Hondo
Hacienda Laguna
Tuyú Cué
1st Passage of Curupayty
Pilar
Ombú
Estero Rojas
Perecué
Tatayibá
Potrero Obella
Humaitá
Passage
2nd Tuyutí
Paso Ipohy
2nd Passage of Curupayty
Laguna Cierva
Cabral and Lima Barros
1st Iasuií
2nd Iasuií
Poí Island
Barroso and Rio Grande
Acayuazá
Fortín Island
Pikysyry campaign
Yacaré
Paso de Tebicuarí
Surubí
Pikysyry
Dezembrada
Ytororó
Avay
Lomas Valentinas
Angostura
San Fernando
Asunción
Cordilleras campaign
Manduvirá River
Concepción
Ybytimí
Tupí-hú
Sapukái
Diarte
Piribebuy
Acosta Ñu
Piribebuy River
Hondo River
Itapytangua
Tacuaty
Curuguaty
Hucuratí
Loma Rugua
Caguijuru–Caraguataí
Iguatemi
Río Verde
Cambaceguá
Lomaruguá
Cerro Corá
Miranda :
The Angostura Fortress was a Paraguayan Army fortification, located by the Pikysyry stream (a tributary of the Paraguay river), in Paraguayan territory. The Paraguayan War, (also known as the War of the Triple Alliance and the Great War in Paraguay), was a South American war fought from 1864 to 1870 between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance nations (Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay). Angostura Fortress was a battery of Paraguayan defense line fortifications strategically located along Lomas Valentinas. The Paraguayan units surrendered the fortification on 27 December 1868, which were then occupied by Imperial Brazilian Army forces on 30 December 1868. This led to a series of victorious battles won by Triple Alliance armies (also known as December Campaigns).
# Just Kids (album)

Just Kids, stylized as JUST KIDS, is the fifth album from Mat Kearney. Republic Records alongside Inpop Records released the project on February 24, 2015.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| 365 Days of Inspiring Media | |
| AbsolutePunk | 7.0/10 |
| CCM Magazine | |
| Christian Review Magazine | |
| CM Addict | |
| Cross Rhythms | |
| FDRMX | |
| Indie Vision Music | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] |
| Louder Than the Music | |
| New Release Tuesday | |
Gregory Robson, referencing in a seven out of ten review from AbsolutePunk, declares, "If Just Kids proves anything, it is that Kearney is still crafting albums that are unrelenting in their charisma." In a four star review by CCM Magazine, Matt Conner states, "Kearney's new album is just as irresistibly hypnotic as previous releases... but Kearney's seasoned status gives Just Kids a more substantive feel." Jessica Morris, awarding the album 4.9 out of five stars at FDRMX, writes, "Cool and fun, yet insightful and honest, Just Kids is everything we could have hoped for and more."
Timothy Estabrooks, indicating in a four star review for Jesus Freak Hideout, recognizes, "Just Kids [is] an excellent example of a pop album done the right way". Signaling in a four and a half star review from New Release Tuesday, responds, "Mat Kearney delivers nostalgia perfection on Just Kids." Ian Zandi, mentioning in a three star review by Indie Vision Music, grasps, how he "truly believe[s] that this is not the solid record that many think it to be. It is not a bad piece of work by any means, but I am going to call it what it is. A so-so record." Delivering a perfect ten review from Cross Rhythms, Tony Cummings regards it as a release he'll be, "playing for years to come."
Joshua Andre, awarding the album four stars at 365 Days of Inspiring Media, writes he, "found some gems and treasures in unexpected places." Awarding the album four stars by CM Addict, Jon Ownbey says, "JUST KIDS is a feel good album that is emotionally upbeat and flows well." Jono Davies, rating the album four stars at Louder Than the Music, writes, "If you're looking for positive, happy, melodic, modern mainstream music then this is worth a purchase." Writing a review for Christian Review Magazine, Leah St. John rating the album four and a half stars, states, "Mat Kearney has crafted a great album, which makes for an enjoyable listen."

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 20 |
| US Christian Albums (Billboard) | 2 |
| US Digital Albums (Billboard) | 7 |
# Fort Craig - Fort Thorn Wagon Road

Fort Craig - Fort Thorn Wagon Road, was a road ran down along the west bank of the Rio Grande, from a turnoff from the west bank route of the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro to the ford of Valverde, to Fort Craig and on to Fort Thorn. There at or near Fort Thorn were roads south into Texas and west toward Arizona and California.
The wagon road was following the wagon road route established during Mexican American War by Cooke's Mormon Battalion in 1846. They had been following an old route occasionally followed by earlier Spanish and later Mexican travelers. It was soon after the end of the Mexican American War that the same wagon road Cooke had established was followed by many others intent on joining the California Gold Rush by way of the Santa Fe Trail, the route of the Camino Real from Santa Fe to the turn off near the Val Verde ford, Cooke's route down the Rio Grande, to the turnoff to Cooke's Wagon Road, across New Mexico Territory to join the Gila Trail to the Yuma Crossing into California. By 1857 Cooke's route down the Rio Grande was a well beaten route used by supply trains for the forts and many other travelers.$^{:32}$