# European Cup (athletics)

The European Cup is a former athletics competition for European teams that was replaced by the European Team Championships starting in 2009 and was organized by European Athletics Association. The European Cup saw most of the major nations of Europe compete. Originally known as the Bruno Zauli Cup, it first took place in 1965 in Stuttgart (men) and Kassel (women), West Germany. Initially, the competition was a bi-annual event (tri-annual once); however, from 1993, it took place once every year.

## History

The main idea of the cup, developed by Bruno Zauli, president of the European Committee of the International Association of Athletics Federations, was to create a competition for all European athletics federations, in which they would face each other in track and field events. Although Zauli died a few months before the launch of the first event, the competition has gone from strength to strength.
The competition always had different leagues through which countries had to progress. For the first twenty years, there were different groups (leagues) that took place at different times. Smaller nations, like Luxembourg and Switzerland, would compete in preliminary rounds, before larger countries, such as the United Kingdom and France, would join in the semi-finals. The top two countries from three semi-finals would enter into the final.
This formula was fairly successful; however, by 1983 the number of competitions that athletes were expected to compete in made it extremely difficult for countries to send their best team to each event. The format of the cup had to be changed so that each country in the whole cup competed on the same day.
The top league was named the Super League and contained eight male and eight female teams. The male and female teams were separate teams, which meant that the female team of one country could get relegated while their male counterpart would stay in the Super League as long as they had enough points. Below the Super League were the First and Second Leagues, which contained other European countries that did not qualify for the finals.

## European Team Championships

In 2009, the competition took a new format, European Team Championships. There are now four leagues, which consist of 20 events for men and 20 for women. The Super League and the First League have 12 teams each, while the Second League and the Third League 8 and 14 respectively. Team scores are calculated by combination of men and women's points.

## Scoring system and relegation

Countries scored points for their performance in each race/event: The winning athlete received 8 points for their country, and this then carried on so second would get 7 points, third 6 points, etc. In the case of an athlete that did not finish a race, was disqualified or did not record a mark (as the case may be), their country would receive zero points for that event.
The male and female team with the most points was declared the winner. The four winning teams from the 'Super League' (two male and two female) went on to compete as individual countries in the IAAF World Cup in Athletics.
Since 1983, the lowest scoring male, and the lowest scoring female teams in the 'Super League' were relegated down into the 'First League'. These were replaced by the highest scoring male and female teams from the 'First League'. This process was repeated for relegation/promotion from the second to the first league. This system allowed countries to progress, and for a wider range of athletes to compete against opposition they might not normally face.

## League positions in 2009

The leagues for the 2009 competition were formed by combination of each country's men and women's performances in 2008. As the teams are 46, the winning team received 46 points, the second 45 and so on. The new leagues are:
Super League :
| Country | Pts |
| Russia | 1548 |
| Great Britain | 1518 |
| Poland | 1512 |
| Germany | 1472 |
| Italy | 1455 |
| Spain | 1426.5 |
| France | 1423.5 |
| Ukraine | 1412.5 |
| Greece | 1359.5 |
| Sweden | 1309 |
| Czech Republic | 1236 |
| Portugal | 1222 |
First League :
| Country | Pts |
| Belarus | 1217 |
| Slovenia | 1211 |
| Romania | 1182.5 |
| Turkey | 1166 |
| Belgium | 1139 |
| Hungary | 1133 |
| Netherlands | 1118 |
| Finland | 1072.5 |
| Estonia | 1035.5 |
| Switzerland | 1032.5 |
| Serbia | 1028.5 |
| Norway | 974 |
Second League :
| Country | Pts |
| Ireland | 971.5 |
| Bulgaria | 947 |
| Croatia | 942 |
| Latvia | 933 |
| Slovakia | 901 |
| Lithuania | 839.5 |
| Austria | 783 |
| Cyprus | 749 |
Third League :
| Country | Pts |
| Moldova | 722 |
| Israel | 714 |
| Denmark | 709.5 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 555.5 |
| Iceland | 550.5 |
| Luxembourg | 399.5 |
| Georgia | 356 |
| Azerbaijan | 332.5 |
| Montenegro | 310.5 |
| Armenia | 301.5 |
| AASSE | 280 |
| Albania | 191 |
| Andorra | 187 |
| Macedonia | 164 |

## Winners

European Cup highest tier winners :
| Year | Finals | Semi-Finals | Prelims | Middle tier | Lowest tier | Men's winner | Women's winner | Finals host city | Finals host country |
| 1965 | Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | — | — | Soviet Union | Soviet Union | Stuttgart/Kassel | West Germany |
| 1967 | Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | — | — | Soviet Union | Soviet Union | Kiev | Soviet Union |
| 1970 | Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | — | — | East Germany | East Germany | Stockholm/Budapest | Sweden/ Hungary |
| 1973 | Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | — | — | Soviet Union | East Germany | Edinburgh | Great Britain |
| 1975 | Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | — | — | East Germany | East Germany | Nice | France |
| 1977 | "A" Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | "B" Final | — | East Germany | East Germany | Helsinki | Finland |
| 1979 | "A" Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | "B" Final | — | East Germany | East Germany | Turin | Italy |
| 1981 | "A" Final | Semi-Final | Preliminaries | "B" Final | — | East Germany | East Germany | Zagreb | Yugoslavia |
| 1983 | "A" Final | — | — | "B" Final | "C" Final | East Germany | East Germany | London | Great Britain |
| 1985 | "A" Final | — | — | "B" Final | "C" Final | Soviet Union | Soviet Union | Moscow | Soviet Union |
| 1987 | "A" Final | — | — | "B" Final | "C" Final | Soviet Union | East Germany | Prague | Czechoslovakia |
| 1989 | "A" Final | — | — | "B" Final | "C" Final | Great Britain | East Germany | Gateshead | Great Britain |
| 1991 | "A" Final | — | — | "B" Final | "C" Final | Soviet Union | Germany | Frankfurt | Germany |
| 1993 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Russia | Russia | Rome | Italy |
| 1994 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Germany | Birmingham | Great Britain |
| 1995 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Russia | Villeneuve d'Ascq | France |
| 1996 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Germany | Madrid | Spain |
| 1997 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Great Britain | Russia | Munich | Germany |
| 1998 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Great Britain | Russia | Saint Petersburg | Russia |
| 1999 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Russia | Paris | France |
| 2000 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Great Britain | Russia | Gateshead | Great Britain |
| 2001 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Poland | Russia | Bremen | Germany |
| 2002 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Great Britain | Russia | Annecy | France |
| 2003 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | France | Russia | Florence | Italy |
| 2004 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Russia | Bydgoszcz | Poland |
| 2005 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Germany | Russia | Florence | Italy |
| 2006 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | France | Russia | Málaga | Spain |
| 2007 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | France | Russia | Munich | Germany |
| 2008 | Super League | — | — | First League | Second League | Great Britain | Russia | Annecy | France |

## Best performances

Below is a list of the events that took place at the championships, and what is the European Cup record, who set it, what country they represented and which year.
| Men 100 m: 10.04 – Linford Christie, Great Britain 1996, 1997 200 m: 20.11 – Linford Christie, Great Britain, 1995 400 m: 44.75 – David Grindley, Great Britain, 1993 800 m: 1:44.28 – Wilson Kipketer, Denmark, 2002 1,500 m: 3:33.63 – José Manuel Abascal, Spain, 1983 3,000 m: 7:41.08 – Dieter Baumann, Germany, 1997 5,000 m: 13:21.68 – Salvatore Antibo, Italy, 1991 10,000 m: 27:32.85 – Fernando Mamede, Portugal, 1983 3,000 m Steeplechase: 8:13.32 – Mariano Scartezzini, Italy, 1981 110 m Hurdles: 13.10 – Colin Jackson, Great Britain, 1993 400 m Hurdles: 47.85 – Harald Schmid, West Germany, 1979, 1985 4 × 100 m Relay: 38.16 – Great Britain (Jason Gardener, Darren Campbell, Marlon Devonish, Julian Golding), 1999 4 × 400 m Relay: 2:59.46 – Great Britain (Roger Black, Jamie Baulch, Ewan Thomas, Mark Richardson), 1997 High Jump: 2.40 m – Patrik Sjöberg, Sweden, 1989 Pole Vault: 6.00 m – Radion Gataullin, Russia, 1993 =Long Jump: 8.38 – Robert Emmiyan, Soviet Union, 1987 =Long Jump: 8.38 – Kirill Sosunov, Russia, 1998 Triple Jump: 17.77 – Khristo Markov, Bulgaria, 1985 Shot put: 22.05 – Sergey Smirnov, Soviet Union, 1985 Hammer: 82.90 – Jüri Tamm, Soviet Union, 1985 Discus: 68.76 – Lars Riedel, Germany, 1995 Javelin: 92.41 – Aki Parviainen, Finland, 2001 | Women 100 m: 10.77 – Ivet Lalova, Bulgaria 2004 200 m: 21.99 – Silke Gladisch, East Germany, 1987 =400 m: 48.60 – Marita Koch, East Germany, 1979 =400 m: 48.60 – Olga Vladykina, Soviet Union, 1985 800 m: 1:55.91 – Jarmila Kratachvilova, Czechoslovakia, 1985 1,500 m: 3:58.40 – Ravilya Agletdinova, Soviet Union, 1985 3,000 m: 8:35.32 – Zola Budd, Great Britain, 1985 5,000 m: 14:29.11 – Paula Radcliffe, Great Britain, 2004 10,000 m: 31:03.62 – Kathrin Ullrich, Germany, 1991 3,000 m Steeplechase: 9:35.95 – Cristina Casandra, Romania, 2005 110 m Hurdles: 12.47 – Cornelia Oschkenat, East Germany, 1987 400 m Hurdles: 53.38 – Yuliya Pechonkina, Russia, 2002 4 × 100 m Relay: 41.65 – East Germany (Silke Gladisch, Marita Koch, Ingrid Auerswald-Lange, Marlies Göhr), 1985 4 × 400 m Relay: 3:18.58 – Soviet Union (Olga Nazarova, Nadiya Olizarenko, Mariya Pinigina, Olga Vladykina), 1985 High Jump: 2.06m – Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgaria, 1985 Pole Vault: 4.75m – Monika Pyrek, Poland, 2006 Long Jump: 7.42 – Tatyana Kotova, Russia, 2002 Triple Jump: 14.98 – Tatyana Lebedeva, Russia, 2000 Shot put: 21.56 – Natalya Lisovskaya, Soviet Union, 1987 Hammer: 76.50 – Tatyana Lysenko, Russia, 2006 Discus: 73.90 – Diana Gansky, East Germany, 1987 Javelin: 70.20 – Christina Obergföll, Germany, 2007 |

## Hosts

| # | Year | A Final | B Final |
| 1 | 1965 | Stuttgart (men), Kassel (women) | |
| 2 | 1967 | Kiev |
| 3 | 1970 | Stockholm |
| 4 | 1973 | Edinburgh |
| 5 | 1975 | Nice |
| 6 | 1977 | Helsinki | Gothenburg (men), Třinec (women) |
| 7 | 1979 | Turin | Karlovac (men), Paris (women) |
| 8 | 1981 | Zagreb | Athens (men), Pescara (women) |
| 9 | 1983 | London | Prague (men), Sittard (women) |
| 10 | 1985 | Moscow | Budapest (men), Budapest (women) |
| 11 | 1987 | Prague | Gothenburg (men), Gothenburg (women) |
| 12 | 1989 | Gateshead | Brussels (men), Strasbourg (women) |
| 13 | 1991 | Frankfurt | Barcelona |
| 14 | 1993 | Rome | Brussels |
| 15 | 1994 | Birmingham | Valencia |
| 16 | 1995 | Villeneuve d'Ascq | Basel, Turku |
| 17 | 1996 | Madrid | Lisbon, Bergen |
| 18 | 1997 | Munich | Prague, Dublin |
| 19 | 1998 | St. Petersburg | Budapest, Malmö |
| 20 | 1999 | Paris | Lahti, Athens |
| 21 | 2000 | Gateshead | Oslo, Bydgoszcz |
| 21 | 2001 | Bremen | Vaasa, Budapest |
| 22 | 2002 | Annecy | Banská Bystrica, Seville |
| 23 | 2003 | Florence | Lappeenranta, Velenje |
| 24 | 2004 | Bydgoszcz | Plovdiv, Istanbul |
| 25 | 2005 | Florence | Gävle, Leiria |
| 26 | 2006 | Málaga | Prague, Thessaloniki |
| 27 | 2007 | Munich | Vaasa, Milan |
| 28 | 2008 | Annecy | Leiria, Istanbul |

## Medals (1965–2008)

European Cup Finals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Russia | 163 | 112 | 99 | 374 |
| 2 | Great Britain | 158 | 116 | 117 | 391 |
| 3 | Germany | 152 | 198 | 188 | 538 |
| 4 | East Germany | 142 | 85 | 65 | 292 |
| 5 | Soviet Union | 100 | 115 | 83 | 298 |
| 6 | France | 96 | 88 | 108 | 292 |
| 7 | Poland | 53 | 87 | 99 | 239 |
| 8 | Italy | 52 | 62 | 90 | 204 |
| 9 | Spain | 30 | 33 | 31 | 94 |
| 10 | Romania | 29 | 33 | 26 | 88 |
| 11 | Ukraine | 25 | 43 | 42 | 110 |
| 12 | Greece | 16 | 19 | 25 | 60 |
| 13 | Czech Republic | 15 | 18 | 23 | 56 |
| 14 | Bulgaria | 11 | 15 | 20 | 46 |
| 15 | Belarus | 10 | 10 | 16 | 36 |
| 16 | Sweden | 9 | 9 | 9 | 27 |
| 17 | Finland | 6 | 11 | 14 | 31 |
| 18 | Hungary | 4 | 10 | 16 | 30 |
| 19 | Norway | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 20 | Belgium | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 20 | Slovenia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 22 | Netherlands | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 23 | Yugoslavia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Totals (23 entries) | Totals (23 entries) | 1,074 | 1,072 | 1,073 | 3,219 |