OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Melvin Kaplan

Melvin Kaplan (August 29, 1929 – September 25, 2022) was an American oboist, concert manager, and formerly a teacher at the Juilliard School for 25 years. He was for many years a featured performer and lecturer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Kaplan is a founding member of both the New York Chamber Soloists and the Festival Winds, though he is perhaps best known as Artistic Director of the original Vermont Mozart Festival, which he cofounded in 1974 with William Metcalfe, a conductor and professor at the University of Vermont. He received the Governor's Award for Extraordinary Contribution to Vermont in 1990 and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Vermont Arts Council in 1998.
# Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022

This article documents the chronology of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022, which originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Some developments may become known or fully understood only in retrospect. Reporting on this pandemic began in December 2019.

## Reactions and measures in the Americas
### 19 April

* United States District Judge Kathryn Kimball Mizelle ruled against the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) facemask mandate for airlines and public transportation.

## Reactions and measures in South, East and Southeast Asia
### 1 April

* The Malaysia–Singapore border reopened to travel by private transport without the need for testing and isolation. Travellers will still have to be vaccinated while unvaccinated children under the age of 12 years and below will have to be accompanied by a fully vaccinated adult.

### 27 April

* The Malaysian Government has announced that it will ease restrictions on unvaccinated individuals entering public spaces from 1 May 2022. In addition, the Government eliminated pre-flight and on-arrival testing requirements for fully vaccinated travellers and those who have just recovered from COVID-19. While mask requirements for outdoor settings were lifted, they remain mandatory for indoor activities and public transport.

## Reactions and measures in the Western Pacific
### 13 April

* New Zealand's COVID-19 Response Minister Chris Hipkins announced that the country would shift to the "orange setting" of New Zealand's COVID-19 Protection Framework from 11:59 pm. Capacity limits for public gatherings were eliminated while facemasks will no longer be compulsory for schools and certain public gatherings and events.
# Quanah High School

Quanah High School is a public high school located in the city of Quanah, Texas (USA) and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. It is part of the Quanah Independent School District located in central Hardeman County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Academics

* Calculator Applications -
** 1993(2A)
* Journalism -
** 1961(2A), 1968(2A)
* Literary Criticism -
** 2006(1A)
* Number Sense -
** 1991(2A)

## Athletics

The Quanah Indians compete in these sports -
Volleyball, Cross Country, Football, Basketball, Golf, Tennis, Track, Softball & Baseball

### State titles

* Boys Golf -
** 1994(2A)

#### State Finalist

* Football -
** 1961(2A), 1988(2A)

## Notable alumni

* John Gilliland (Class of 1953) - radio broadcaster.
* Edward Givens (Class of 1946) - astronaut.
# State Normal Training School

The State Normal Training School is a historic training school building at 27 Washington Street in Westfield, Massachusetts. It was constructed in 1899 to provide a teaching facility for teachers-in-training who were students at the Westfield State Normal School (now Westfield State University), the second-oldest such school the nation. It was operated jointly by the normal school and the city of Westfield from 1900 until 1956, at which point it was converted into a regular elementary school. The city formally acquired the property in 1977. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The building now houses apartments, and is known in the community as Courthouse Square.

## Description and history

The former State Normal Training School building is located one block west of Westfield's downtown Main Street area, on a parcel bounded by Washington, Church, and School Streets. It is a 3+1⁄2-story masonry structure, built out of red brick with brownstone trim and resting on a cut granite foundation. It is in the general form of an H, with slightly projecting wings on either side of a central section, each covered by hip roof. Ground floor windows are generally set in rectangular openings, while those on the second story are set in segmented-arch openings. The entrances are recessed in wide segmented-arch openings, flanked on either side by similar openings with windows. The interior is framed in steel and finished in plaster with pine wainscoting; the basic layout and finishes have been preserved.
The Westfield Normal School (now Westfield State University) was the second normal school to be established in Massachusetts, in 1839. By the 1870s, its buildings were deteriorating and in need of replacement. A new building (now the Westfield Municipal Building was built for the school in 1889, but a need was also recognized for a state-run elementary school that could be used for teacher training. This building was built in 1899 to a design by Gardner, Pyne & Gardner of Springfield, one of the region's leading architectural firms. Its doors opened in 1900, and it was operated under a state-city partnership until 1956. It continued to serve the city as a school until the late 1970s. In 2012, the building was completely renovated, while carefully preserving its historic attributes. The property currently serves as a residential apartment building known as Courthouse Square.
# James McIndoe

James McIndoe (1824 – 4 September 1905) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from Dunedin, New Zealand.
Born in Rothesay, Bute, Scotland, McIndoe emigrated to Otago in New Zealand in 1859. He was elected as a member of the Otago Provincial Council in 1867.
He represented the Caversham electorate in 1870, from 25 April to 30 December, when he was defeated. He was one of five candidates in the 1871 Roslyn by-election and came last.
McIndoe was marries to Elizabeth Gillies, a member of a prominent family many of whom also migrated to Dunedin. Her brothers included politicians Thomas, Robert, and John Lillie Gillies. James and Elizabeth had three children, among them the printer John McIndoe.
McIndoe took an interest in local history, publishing A Sketch of Otago in 1878. His newspaper submissions often appeared under the initials 'I.M.I.' He died in Dunedin on 4 September 1905, and was buried at Andersons Bay Cemetery.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 713

United Nations Security Council resolution 713, adopted unanimously on 25 September 1991, after receiving representations from a number of Member States and commending the efforts of the European Community in the region, the Council decided to impose, under Chapter VII, an arms embargo on the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in light of the outbreak of fighting in the country. Resolution 713 was the first resolution that concerned the breakup of Yugoslavia.
In the resolution, the Council expressed its full support of the arrangements and measures undertaken by the European Community and the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe to consolidate an end to the hostilities in Yugoslavia, inviting the Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, in consultation with the Yugoslavian government, to assist in the process. It also urged all parties concerned to strongly observe the ceasefire agreements of September 1991 and enter into negotiations at the Conference on Yugoslavia and avoid committing any actions that may increase tension in the region.
Noting the continued hostilities, the resolution also implemented an embargo on all deliveries of weapons and military equipment to Yugoslavia until the Council decided otherwise, passing this aspect of the resolution under Chapter VII as it deemed the situation to be a threat to international peace and security. Also, since Yugoslav People's Army was under control from capital Belgrade it is by some considered that other Yugoslav countries were put in inferior position since the warfare continued. The resolution would apply to all the constituent states that made up Yugoslavia, even on their independence; however, Bosnia and Herzegovina contested the ruling by stating it only applied to Yugoslavia when it existed, and therefore after the independence of constituent countries it no longer had effect.
# Queen Anne's County High School

Queen Anne's County High School (QACHS) is a four-year public high school in Centreville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States. It is one of two public high schools in Queen Anne's County along with Kent Island High School.

## Overview

The school is located on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in the town of Centreville, MD. The school is on Maryland Route 304, south of Maryland Route 305, east of Maryland Route 213, and west of U.S. Route 301. The current building was built in 1966.
The school was created with the desegregation of the school system in 1966, twelve years after Brown vs. Board of Education was ruled. The high school for African Americans, the Kennard School, was closed and turned into the present Kennard Elementary School. The three White schools - Centreville High School, Sudlersville High School, and Stevensville High School - were closed and turned into middle schools.
The current principal is Mr. John Schrecongost.

## Students

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1993 | 1,529 | — |
| 1994 | 1,519 | −0.7% |
| 1995 | 1,533 | +0.9% |
| 1996 | 1,590 | +3.7% |
| 1997 | 1,636 | +2.9% |
| 1998 | 1,728 | +5.6% |
| 1999 | 1,108 | −35.9% |
| 2000 | 959 | −13.4% |
| 2001 | 935 | −2.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 2002 | 912 | −2.5% |
| 2003 | 1,021 | +12.0% |
| 2004 | 1,060 | +3.8% |
| 2005 | 1,094 | +3.2% |
| 2006 | 1,175 | +7.4% |
| 2007 | 1,225 | +4.3% |
| 2008 | 1,199 | −2.1% |
| 2009 | 1,240 | +3.4% |

## Sports

State Champions
* 2024 - Women’s Soccer
* 2021 - Women’s Lacrosse
* 2010 - Boys' Lacrosse
* 2009 - Swimming
* 1978 - Baseball
State Finalist
* Boys' Swimming- 2014
* Boys' Track & Field- 1985, 2012
* Girls' Lacrosse- 2012, 2024
* Boys' Ballet- 2010
* Boys' Soccer- 2012
* Ice Hockey (Co-Opp)- 2012
* Boys' Lacrosse- 2009
* Football- 2009
* Girls' Soccer- 2003
State Semi-Finalist
* Girls' Lacrosse- 2007, 09, 10, 13, 14
* Field Hockey- 2011, 2023
* Boys' Lacrosse-1999, 2011
* Girls' Lacrosse-2011
* Football-2004, 08, 10
* Boys' Soccer- 1974, 1975, 2005, 06, 2023
* Girls' Soccer- 2004
* Boys' Lacrosse-1999, 2000
* Unisex Badminton-1966
State Quarter-Finalist
* Football- 1985, 1999
# Hazelbrook railway station

Hazelbrook railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Main Western line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the Blue Mountains town of Hazelbrook.
Hazelbrook Railway Station is an express stop station, there are three morning express trains heading east, and three afternoon express trains heading west. Neighbouring express stations are Springwood (east) and Wentworth Falls (west).

## History

The station opened in 1884.
In December 2019 an upgrade to the station was complete which included a new lift.

## Platforms and services

Hazelbrook has one island platform with two sides. It is serviced by NSW TrainLink Blue Mountains Line services travelling from Sydney Central to Lithgow.
| Platform | Line | Stopping pattern | Notes |
| 1 | BMT | services to Sydney Central | |
| 2 | BMT | services to Katoomba, Mount Victoria & Lithgow | |

## Transport links

Blue Mountains Transit operates two bus routes via Hazelbrook station, under contract to Transport for NSW:
* 685H: to Springwood
* 690K: Springwood to Katoomba
# Roger Kent

Roger Kent (June 8, 1906 – May 16, 1980) was an American politician and member of the Democratic Party. He served alternately as chairman and vice-chairman of the California Democratic Party between 1954 and 1965.

## Biography

Roger Kent was the son of William Kent and Elizabeth Thacher Kent. One of seven children, Kent's siblings included Central Intelligence Agency official Sherman Kent and artist Adaline Kent. His father served as member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California from 1910 to 1917.
After attending the Potomac School and Sidwell Friends School in Washington, D.C., Kent attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley beginning in 1919. He then boarded for three years at the Thacher School to prepare for college. He graduated from Yale College in 1928 and Yale Law School in 1931. Kent practiced law in California and was admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court in 1937. In 1936, Kent worked as an attorney at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Kent served as an officer in the U.S. Navy during World War II, and was awarded the Silver Star for conspicuous gallantry in action at Guadalcanal before leaving the service in 1945 at the rank of commander.
Following World War II, Kent made two unsuccessful runs for Congress as a Democrat in 1948 and 1950. He later served in the Truman Administration as general counsel at the U.S. Department of Defense.
Following the end of the Truman Administration, Kent returned to California Democratic politics. After serving as chairman of Richard Graves' 1954 campaign for governor, Kent was elected chairman of the Northern California Division of the Democratic State Central Committee. Kent subsequently alternated between vice-chairman and chairman of the California Democratic Party every two years between 1954 and 1965. Kent was especially close to Hubert Humphrey and Adlai Stevenson, both of whom he hosted during fundraising and political visits to California during the Eisenhower Administration.
Kent served as chairman of Pat Brown's successful 1962 reelection campaign against Richard Nixon. Kent would later step down from the California Democratic Party to head Brown's 1966 reelection campaign, which Brown lost to challenger Ronald Reagan.
In addition to state campaigns, Kent was also involved in several presidential campaigns, beginning with Adlai Stevenson's 1956 campaign. He later served as state chairman for the 1960 Kennedy-Johnson campaign and Northern California chairman of the 1964 Johnson-Humphrey campaign.
Kent married Alice Cooke in Honolulu, Hawaii, on August 26, 1930. They had four children, one of whom died at a young age. Roger Kent died in 1980.
# Astaraj

Astaraj (Persian: آسترج) is a village in Arghanj Khwa district, Badakhshan province, northeastern Afghanistan.

## Nearby villages

Approximately 1.09 km (0.68 mi) away from Astaraj, is another village in Arghanj Khwa district known as Nahmat Abad.
# Sylvester Ogbaga

Sylvester O. Ogbaga (born 7 July 1961) is a Nigerian politician. He was a member of the Ebonyi state house of representative representing Abakaliki/Izzi state constituency under the platform of the Peoples Democratic Party. He retired at the 2023 election to run for the governorship of Ebonyi State but was eliminated in the primary.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 863

United Nations Security Council resolution 863, adopted unanimously on 13 September 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 782 (1992), 797 (1992), 818 (1993) and 850 (1993) on the situation in Mozambique, the council discussed the implementation of the Rome General Peace Accords.
The security council reiterated the importance of the General Peace Agreement for Mozambique and their timely implementation. It commended the efforts of the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, his special representative, the United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and welcomed the recent progress in the peace process and the specific agreement that resulted from direct talks between the President of Mozambique and of the group RENAMO. It was stressed that no conditions should be attached to the contraction and demobilisation of troops, or more time to gain concessions, and The resolution also expressed concern about the delay in implementing some important parts of the peace agreement and violations of the ceasefire.
The council stressed that the General Peace Accords had to be respected and the need for elections to be held by October 1994. It insisted that the two parties immediately agree a timetable for the implementation of the agreement, stressing also the immediate assembly and demobilisation of troops, urging RENAMO to join the Government of Mozambique in this manner. Meanwhile, the progress Commission for the new Mozambican Defence Force in relation to the training of instructors in Nyanga, Zimbabwe and demining.
RENAMO and other political parties were then called to join with the government of Mozambique in quickly agreeing on an election law which should include provisions for a national election commission, further calling on all parties to make the National Commission for Administration, the National Information Commission and the Police Affairs Commission operational. Agreements between both parties in Maputo concerning the reintegration into the state administration of all areas now under the control of RENAMO as well as on the request for monitoring of all police activities by the United Nations was praised. In this regard, the secretary-general was asked to examine the proposal to monitor police activities while his intention to send a survey team of experts regarding a proposed United Nations police contingent was welcomed.
The resolution concluded by urging both parties to ensure the momentum towards the full implementation of the Peace Accords is maintained, and the international community was urged to continue to provide humanitarian aid unimpeded by any party in Mozambique. The Secretary-General was requested to report back by 31 October 1993 on developments.
# Lex agraria

A lex agraria (pl.: leges agrariae) was a Roman law which dealt primarily with the viritane allotment of public lands. Such laws came largely from two sources: the disposition of lands annexed by Rome in consequence of expansion and the distribution of existing public lands to poor citizens as freeholds. Such legislation dealt almost exclusively with public lands which were held by the state and not privately owned. There were other types of Roman laws related to agriculture, including those establishing new colonies and those regulating the holding of public lands (lex de modo agrorum).
The most famous lex agraria was that of the plebeian tribune Tiberius Gracchus, passed in 133 BC, which allotted public lands across Italy to rural plebs. Such laws were not without precedent, such as the lex Flaminia of 232 BC which authorised viritane distributions of lands in Cisalpine Gaul and Picenum. Further such laws were also passed in the years after 133 BC, including that of Tiberius' younger brother Gaius in 122 BC, and the epigraphically attested lex agraria of 111 BC. The law of 111 BC, among other things, buttressed recognition of the lands distributed in the prior law of 133. Other leges agrariae include a series of three laws vaguely described by Appian, the laws of Saturninus in 103 and 100 BC, the laws of Julius Caesar in 59 BC, and a law of Mark Antony in 44 BC.
# Station One School

Station One School is a former school located in the hamlet of Chaires, Leon County, Florida.
The school was founded because the population of eastern Leon County was growing and there was no school closer than Tallahassee, 12 miles (19 km) away. The first mention of the school is in the 1870 school board minutes. It was for white students only.
In 1928, it was deemed "no longer suitable for the needs of the district". The school building had deteriorated and required a new roof. It did not have indoor plumbing and regularly flooded when there were heavy rains. Most importantly, the school was simply too small for the growing number of students. The county built a new school, Chaires School, with ”a coal heater, electricity, and a fresh well", as well as new desks and chairs. This school survives in 2018 as the Chaires Elementary School.
Although one newspaper report stated that the school closed in 1929 when the white students moved to The Chaires School, Station One School continued as a "colored" school.
In 1950, the school received its "first modern sanitary facilities including lavatories and toilets". In 1965, Station One School and two other Leon County schools were warned that they could lose their accreditation due to serious building deficiencies, including overcrowding.
In 1968, Leon County schools were integrated and the school closed. The land where the school had been located was put up for sale in 1970.
# Borden Avenue Bridge

The Borden Avenue Bridge is a retractable bridge in New York City, in the Long Island City neighborhood of Queens. It carries vehicular and pedestrian traffic across Dutch Kills, a tidal waterway that is a tributary of Newtown Creek. The main span is 84 feet (26 meters) long, and it retracts by sliding on rails. It was last retracted to allow marine traffic to pass in 2005. It was designed by Edward Abraham Byrne and opened on March 25, 1908.
The Borden Avenue bridge is one of four remaining retractable bridges in the United States, and one of two remaining in New York City, the other being the Carroll Street Bridge.
# Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury

Rear Admiral Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury (N), BSP, ndc, psc, BN is a two-star admiral in Bangladesh Navy who is currently serving as Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Personnel). Previously, he has served as Chairman of Payra Port Authority twice. Before that he served as Commander, Chattogram Naval Area. Prior to that, he was Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Logistics). He also served as Director of Submarines, Naval Headquarters, Dhaka.

## Career

Chowdhury joined Bangladesh Navy in 1985 and was commissioned in Executive Branch. He served as Bhasanchar project director, The much-talked-about relocation of Rohingya refugees to Bhasanchar Island on the southern tip of Noakhali. During his time, almost 20 thousand Rohingya has been shifted. He oversaw the process of shifting Rohingya people from Kutupalong refugee camp to Island of Noakhali. Before that, Chowdhury was Director of Naval Administrative Authority Dhaka. Admiral Mamun became 1st in merit position in 64th Senior Staff Course at Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre (BPATC).