OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1885 Belovodoskoe earthquake

The 1885 Belovodoskoe earthquake occurred on 2 August, in the Chüy Region, Russian Turkestan (now Kyrgyzstan), with a moment magnitude of 6.7–7.6. It had an epicenter in the west of Bishkek. This earthquake damaged 2 villages and caused 54 deaths. The maximum MSK-64 intensity was estimated at IX–X (Devastating).

## Earthquake

The earthquake was assigned a maximum Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale of IX–X. The surface rupture had an area about 20 km length between the Sokuluk and Aksu rivers, parallel to the mountain front, and a width between 0.2 and 2.1 m. The earthquake was felt over a large area. It caused caused numerous fractures and surface cracks, including a 20-km-long and up to 2-m-wide fracture between the Sokuluk and Aksu rivers. It also initiated rockfalls and landslides, some of which temporarily blocked the Sokuluk and Aksu rivers. Heavy liquefaction was reported from the area around the Aksu river.
An earthquake catalogue compiled by Kondorskaya and Shebalin assigned the earthquake magnitude as 6.9, but did not specify the subtype. This was calculated from the seismic intensity data. The maximum intensity was IX–X on the Rossi–Forel scale. In 2014, Bindi and others determined a moment magnitude of 6.7±0.4 based on an equation to calculate from seismic intensity data on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale.
The earthquake may have produced uplift across a riverbed, expressed as a 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) scarp, discovered following a topographic survey finding published in 2001. In Belek, no evidence of surface rupture were found. The estimated magnitude was 6.9–7.4. In 2018, Krüger and others reassessed the moment magitudes of major earthquakes in Central Asia; they determined 7.6±0.15 for the Belovodoskoe earthquake.

## Impact

Two villages from Kara-Balta and Belovodskoye were damaged, and 54 people died from the earthquake.
# Chinese sleeper

The Chinese sleeper (Perccottus glenii), also known as the Amur sleeper, is a species of freshwater sleeper native to the Amur River basin in eastern Asia with introduced populations in other regions of Eurasia. It is currently the only known member of its genus.

## Description

The Chinese sleeper, known as rotan in Russia, resembles a perch, ruffe, or sculpin. The eyes are placed high on the head, which has a rounded snout and projecting lower jaw. There is little or no gap between the two dorsal fins, the front one of which has six to eight spines and the back one, nine to eleven soft rays. The anal fin has one to three spines and seven to ten soft rays. The pelvic fins are not fused together, which helps to distinguish this fish from the gobies. The second dorsal and the anal fins are both more rounded and shorter than the gobies and the caudal fin is also more rounded. The general colour is brownish with a checker-board pattern of darker marks or dark barring. There are dark lines on the head radiating from the eye. This species can reach a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) TL and the greatest recorded weight for a specimen is 250 grams (8.8 oz).

## Distribution and habitat

The Chinese sleeper is native to the inland waters of north-eastern China, northern North Korea, and the Russian Far East. Specimens were first transported to Saint Petersburg from the River Zeya in 1912 by a scientific expedition as ornamental fish. During the 1920s, the Chinese sleeper invaded many water bodies around Saint Petersburg and in the 1950s, it was recorded in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea and was considered an invasive species. Its typical habitat is ponds, closed water-bodies, and slow-moving streams. The westernmost locality of the Chinese sleeper range is the ponds in the Bavarian Danube basin in Germany. A finding in the mesohaline environment is registered in the North-Western Black Sea in Ukraine.

## Invasiveness

In Europe, the Chinese sleeper has been included in the list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (the Union list) since 2016. This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European Union. At least one case of monospecific fish community composed of Chinese sleeper is registered in Latvia. In the late summer of 2022, a small community of Chinese sleepers was found in a single pond in southwest Finland, the first record of the species in the country. This fish was reported from Czechia in 2023.

## Behaviour

The Chinese sleeper is an adaptable species and is tolerant of widely different conditions. It feeds on insects and their larvae, small crustaceans, and fish fry. It spawns in warm shallows among vegetation and the male guards the eggs.

## Economic importance

This species is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and has the potential as an aquarium fish. However, introduced populations are of concern as they could become detrimental to the local fauna due to their predatory nature and voracious appetite.
# Parlington

Parlington is a civil parish that includes part of Aberford, in the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 87. The parish touches Aberford, Barwick in Elmet and Scholes, Lotherton cum Aberford, Micklefield and Sturton Grange. Aberford & District Parish Council includes Parlington along with Aberford, Lotherton cum Aberford and Sturton Grange. There are plans to build a garden village in Parlington.

## History

The name Parlington means farm or settlement connected with Pertel. Parlington was recorded in the Domesday Book as Perlinctune, Perlintun, Pertilinctun and Pertilintun.
Parlington is the site of a possible deserted medieval village. Hillam in the parish of Parlington has earthworks of a deserted medieval village.
Parlington was a township in the parish of Aberford, it became a separate parish in 1866.

### Parlington Estate

The Parlington Estate holds a monument to the independence of the United States, built by Sir Thomas Gascoigne, last of the Gascoigne family blood line. It is inscribed on both elevations with the phrase "Liberty in N.America Triumphant MDCCLXXXIII". The 'Dark Arch', a short curved tunnel along Parlington Lane is reputed to be haunted. It was built c. 1813–14 to shield the residents of Parlington Hall from traffic passing along Parlington Lane, mostly horse drawn coal traffic on its way to the village distribution point for onward travel into the local market.
The lane was used for the private Aberford Railway, commonly called the "Fly Line", to transport coal from the Gascoigne's pits to Garforth. The railway closed in 1924. Parlington Hall was left to run to ruins after the death of Col F. C. T. Gascoigne in 1905, the hall was largely demolished in the 1950s and 1960s, leaving only the west wing intact. The estate was used by the army during the First and Second World Wars. The structures, built during the Second World War, still in existence in 2009, were constructed by the soldiers of No.3 Vehicle Repair Depot, part of Royal Army Ordnance Corps.
Nellie's Tree is a local landmark that was voted English and British Tree of the Year for 2018.

## Landmarks

There are 18 listed buildings in Parlington.
# Great Western Divide

The Great Western Divide is a Sierra Nevada mountain range located largely in Sequoia National Park. Some of the summits of the Great Western Divide reach well over 13,000 feet (3,962 m). The High Sierra Trail crosses the range at Kaweah Gap from Sequoia National Park.
The divide separates the watersheds of the Kaweah, Kern and Kings rivers. The divide includes the Kaweah Peaks Ridge.

## List of peaks

* Black Kaweah
* Mount Brewer
* North Guard
* South Guard
* Mount Farquhar
* Mount Kaweah
* Red Kaweah
* Kaweah Queen
* Milestone Mountain
* Midway Mountain
* Triple Divide Peak
* Lippincott Mountain
* Lion Rock
* Mount Eisen
# Cambridge School of Culinary Arts

Cambridge School of Culinary Arts (CSCA) is a professional school located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It offers several certificate and professional programs, including a culinary studies and pastry specialization. It also offers a variety of open-enrollment, one-day classes available to the general public.

## History

Cambridge School of Culinary Arts was founded in 1974 by Roberta L. Dowling, CCP with classes in classical European cookery from her home. With the expansion of the program, Dowling moved the program to its current location at 2020 Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The program grew to over 400 students by the 1980s when Dowling decided to apply for accreditation for the school. The school was accredited in 1981 by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Education and then by NATTS (National Association of Trade and Technical Schools) in 1989.

## Programs Offered

The Cambridge School of Culinary Arts offers a diverse set of programs including-

### Professional Programs

* Professional Chefs Program – 37 weeks in length with 20 hours of instruction per week
* Professional Pastry Program – 37 weeks in length with 20 hours of instruction per week headed by French Master Pastry Chef Delphin Gomes
* Culinary Certificate Program – 16 weeks in length with 19 hours of instruction per week
* Certificate Pastry Program – 16 weeks in length with 19 hours of instruction per week headed by French Master Pastry Chef Delphin Gomes

### Recreational Programs

The school offers a diverse blend of recreational classes for amateur cooks and professionals. Examples include classes on preparing classical sauces, gluten free cooking, multi-day basic cooking classes, ethnic cookery, knife skills, pastry, and other frequently arising topics of interest.

### Culinary Excursions

The school has also offered culinary trips for both amateurs and professional chefs. Past trips have included Umbria, Italy and San Marino, Italy as well as Beijing, Xi'an, Suzhou, Shanghai, Hong Kong.

## Accreditations

The Cambridge School of Culinary Arts is accredited by-
* Massachusetts Department of Education
* The National Association of Trade and Technical Schools (NATTS) The school replaced its NATTS accreditation with ACCSCT
* The Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology (ACCSCT) The school voluntarily relinquished its ACCSC (formerly ACCSCT) accreditation in June 2015.
* It is also endorsed by the International Association of Culinary Professionals (IACP)

## Notable alumni

Chefs:
* Karen Akunowicz '05, Fox & the Knife
* Matthew Barre '05, Farm & Fries
* Mary Ting Hyatt '08, Bagelsaurus
* Samuel Ostrow '08, Festina Lente
* Greg Reeves '03, Viale
* Remi Williams, Smoke & Salt
* Katie and Richard Chudy, The Skinny Beet
* Tiffani Faison ‘03, Sweet Cheeks, Tiger Mama, Fool’s Errand, Orfano
Food Production Related Businesses:
* Davio's Restaurant, with locations in MA & PA – Steve DiFillippo '84
* Off Broadway Diner, Taunton, MA – Nuno Souza '02
* Hash House a go go, San Diego, CA – Craig "Andy" Beardslee '88
Writers
* Joe Yonan '00 - food writer and cookbook author
# Makkal TV

Makkal TV is a Tamil language TV channel. It was launched on 6 September 2006 and is promoted by Makkal Tholai Thodarpu Kuzhumam. Pattali Makkal Katchi leader Ramadoss is the founder of TV and T.Bhuvaneswari is the Vice President and Administrator of the Channel.

## Programs

* Chinna Chinna Aasai
* Theethum Nandrum
* 7 Naal 7 Suvai
* Akkarai Seemai Aalayangal
* Kuttram
* Jannalukku Veliye
* Azhagiya Tamizh Magan/Magal
* Aadal Arasigalin Sangamam
* Kaalai Vanakkam
* Andam
* Rettai Vaal Kuruvi (Live Game Show)
* Achamillai
* Nam Nattu Samayail
* Malarum Bhoomi
* Uppum Orappum
* Pennay Unagaka
* Pattimandram
* Elakkiya pithan Pattimandram telecast in makkal TV in special function days

### Dubbed Soap Operas

* Sayeera
* Neethane En Ponvasantham
* Neelambari
# Pericleitus

Pericleitus was a Lesbian lyric musician of the school of Terpander, flourished shortly before Hipponax, that is, a little earlier than 550 BC. At the Lacedaemonian festival of the Carneia, there were musical contests with the cithara, in which the Lesbian musicians of Terpander's school had obtained the prize from the time of Terpander himself to that of Pericleitus, with whom the glory of the school ceased.
# Yehuda Afek

Yehuda Afek (Hebrew: יהודה אפק; September 1952) is an Israeli computer scientist at Tel Aviv University and is known for his work on network cyber security and fault tolerant distributed computing. Yehuda cofounded Riverhead Networks in 2000 and was the head of the School of Computer Science in Tel Aviv University in 2014–2016.

## Biography

Afek was born in Haifa in 1952 to Holocaust survivor parents (Miriam and Menachem Pinkhof) who were among the founders of the Dutch underground Westerweel Group who saved over 300 Jewish youths during the Holocaust until they were captured by the Nazis. They both received the Jewish holocaust rescuer Medal. Afek studied at the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa, and in 1970 enlisted in the IDF where he served as a fighter in a special elite operations unit (Sayeret Matkal), a service that was extended due to the Yom Kippur War. In 1978 he earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering at the Technion. In 1978-1980 he worked as an IDF civilian engineer, developing the avionics unit and autopilot of the first successful UAV manufactured by the Israeli Air Force. In 1980-1985 he earned an MSc and PhD respectively, in computer science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). From 1985 to 1988, he worked as a researcher at AT&T's Bell Laboratories. In 1988 he joined the faculty in the Department of Computer Science at Tel Aviv University, where he is currently a full professor. He also served as head of the School of Computer Science from 2014 to 2016.
In 2000 Afek was the lead founder of Riverhead Networks, a company that provided a mitigation system to distributed denial of service attacks. The Riverhead Guard product was deployed to tens of thousands of sites, protecting them from multi Gbps attacks. Riverhead was acquired by Cisco Systems in 2004, after which Afek remained CTO and director in Cisco Israel until May 2009.
# 7th Street Trafficway Bridge

The 7th Street Trafficway Bridge is a one level deck truss bridge over the Kansas River and BNSF Railway tracks on 7th Street. It was built in 1932. It connects the Armourdale district of Kansas City, Kansas, to the east end of the Argentine district of Kansas City, Kansas. In 1970, the bridge was resurfaced, repainted, and a new sister bridge was built. The new sister bridge is a two lane girder bridge that would now carry southbound lanes, making the deck truss bridge into a northbound bridge only.
It is also called the Herman G. Dillon Bridge, and it survived the 1951 flood.
# Aetnaville Bridge

The Aetnaville Bridge is a through truss bridge spanning the back channel of the Ohio River between Bridgeport, Ohio and Wheeling, West Virginia. The bridge was built in December 1891 and used for vehicular traffic until December 1988, when it was closed to cars due to safety concerns. The structure was used by pedestrians until its complete closure in 2016.
During the late 1800's and early 1900's, the bridge was used for streetcars until service ceased in 1937. The bridge is now used mostly as a way for pedestrians, bicyclists, and joggers, to cross without having to go all the way around to the new Bridgeport Bridge. The bridge was closed from October 19 to 23, 2015, to be evaluated for safety. Local residents are fighting to save this bridge, because it is a popular pedestrian footwalk, and part of a proposed bicycle and jogging trail. As of January 20, 2016, there have been metal fences barricading the bridge pending further decision-making as to how to proceed with possible repairs .
# Vysun

The Vysun, Vulsun or Isun (Ukrainian: Висунь) is a river of Ukraine, flowing through the Mykolaiv Oblast. It is a right tributary of the Inhulets. It has a length of 201 km and begins in the Dnieper Upland and flows south through Prychornomorskoy Lowland, through the district center of Kazanka. It covers a basin of 2670 km$^2$. During season it is powered mainly by snowmelt.
# It's Always You

"It's Always You" is a song written by Jimmy Van Heusen (music) and Johnny Burke (lyrics) for the 1941 film Road to Zanzibar. In the film it was sung by Bing Crosby to Dorothy Lamour as they paddled a canoe up a jungle river. It was also used briefly in a comedy scene in the film as a quasi-requiem for Lamour's character, who was erroneously thought to have been killed by a leopard.
The song is notable as it was the first that Crosby recorded by the Burke and Van Heusen team. They subsequently produced many hits for Crosby over the following years including the Oscar winner "Swinging on a Star". Burke had been writing for Crosby with Jimmy Monaco and it was planned that they would write the songs for "Road to Zanzibar". However Monaco fell ill and Van Heusen replaced him. Crosby recorded the song for Decca Records for commercial release on December 3, 1940 with John Scott Trotter and his Orchestra. The success of the song was adversely affected by a strike of the broadcasting networks against ASCAP. Various recordings of the song were reissued in March 1943 when the dispute ended and the Famous Music Company, the publisher of the sheet music, launched a simultaneous drive.
The song was also recorded by Frank Sinatra with the Tommy Dorsey Band on January 15, 1941 and it charted in July 1943 when it was reissued reaching the No. 3 position. Glenn Miller, Chet Baker in 1956, and Vera Lynn made recordings of it too. June Christy included the song in her album Fair and Warmer! (1957) and Frank Sinatra recorded it again on May 3, 1961 and it was issued as a single by Reprise.
# Allegheny Aqueduct (Pittsburgh)

The Allegheny Aqueduct was John A. Roebling's first wire cable suspension bridge. It was built in 1844 near the later Fort Wayne Railroad Bridge as a replacement for a wooden covered bridge aqueduct over the Allegheny River in Pittsburgh, part of the Pennsylvania Canal.
# Alsea Bay Bridge

The Alsea Bay Bridge is a concrete arch bridge that spans the Alsea Bay on U.S. Route 101 (US 101) near Waldport, Oregon.

## History

There have been two bridges on this site.
The first bridge was designed by Conde McCullough and opened in 1936. It was a 3,011-foot-long (918 m) reinforced-concrete combination deck and through arch bridge.
The hostile environment caused significant corrosion to the steel reinforcements. In 1972 the Oregon Department of Transportation began projects aimed at extending the life of the bridge. By the mid-1980s it was decided to replace the bridge rather than continue costly rehabilitation efforts. The first bridge was demolished in 1991. Construction of the second bridge, designed by HNTB, began in 1988, and it was opened in the fall of 1991 at a cost of $42.4 million. The bridge is 2,910 ft (890 m) in total length, with a 450 ft (140 m) main span that provides 70 ft (21 m) of vertical clearance. The bridge has a latex concrete deck and the piers are significantly thicker than normal in an attempt to thwart corrosion. Its life expectancy is 75 to 100 years.
# Alton Bridge

The Alton Bridge was a railroad bridge that carried the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy (later Burlington Northern) across the Mississippi River between West Alton, Missouri, and Alton, Illinois. It was located 100 yards (91 m) upriver from, and parallel to, the Old Clark Bridge. The bridge was built between 1892 and 1894 and was removed shortly after the line was abandoned in 1988. With a total length of 2,060 feet (630 m), it consisted of eight through-truss segments—six Pratt trusses, one Pennsylvania truss, and one pivot-swinging truss.
# Sean Wilson (politician)

Sean Wilson is a Canadian politician who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 2024 general election, representing Canora-Pelly as a member of the Saskatchewan Party.
Prior to his election, he was the mayor of Buchanan. He also served on the council of the Rural Municipality of Buchanan No. 304.
# Anacostia Railroad Bridge

The Anacostia Railroad Bridge is a vertical lift railroad bridge crossing the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C., United States. The bridge is owned by CSX Transportation.

## History

The Baltimore and Potomac Rail Road, a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad, built the first railroad bridge on this site, which opened on July 2, 1872. Successor Penn Central Railroad rebuilt the bridge in 1972.
The bridge currently carries freight trains. It is near the point where the RF&P Subdivision becomes the Landover Subdivision, with a connection to the Alexandria Extension just to the east of the bridge. Originally the bridge supported three tracks. This was later reduced to two tracks.

## Operations

The lift span is occasionally raised for boat traffic. The lift is controlled by a CSX bridge tender located nearby at Benning Rail Yard.

## Incidents

On November 10, 2007, a unit train carrying coal derailed and caused the collapse of the northern span of the bridge.
CSX had briefly closed the bridge in 2006 after it found high levels of corrosion and made repairs, and after the 2007 accident it again closed the bridge. The southern span was reopened 24 hours after the accident.
# Freightliners City Farm

Freightliners City Farm is an urban farm located in Lower Holloway in the London Borough of Islington. It is the only urban farm in the borough.
The City Farm movement provides opportunities for young people in an urban environment to see and interact with creatures they would not otherwise see. Freightliners is a community-organised charity, receiving funding both from the council and donations.
The Freightliners City Farm was founded on a site in York Way, NW1 between King's Cross and Camden Town. The site was a goods yard formerly owned by Freightliners, the freight distribution branch of British Rail. The fourteen acre site had been acquired by Camden Council for eventual use for council housing. Building was not due to begin for several years and so in 1972 various community groups were given premises on the site. The site continued to be known to local users as 'Freightliners'. (The Maiden Lane Estate was eventually built on the site.)
Some workers were employed at the youth club, Freightliners Free School and pensioners club on the site. One of these workers, Sandy, had grown up on her family's farm in Wales and it was she who created the Freightliners Farm on the site. The Farm quickly proved popular with local children and expanded.
In 1978 the Freightliners site was ready to be developed for council housing and the Farm found a new permanent home at its present location in the neighbouring borough of Islington where purpose-built farm buildings were erected in 1988. The site is half a hectare.
There is an ornamental garden, vegetable, herb and fruit gardens on the site. There is also an animal village, where children can look at rabbits, and a farm shop and café.
# Jonathan Hood

Jonathan Hood (born December 23, 1985) is a former professional Canadian football defensive back who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL).

## Amateur football

Hood played high school football in Mississauga for the Father Michael Goetz Gators, and played college football for the St. Francis Xavier X-Men and the Western Ontario Mustangs.

## Professional football
### Edmonton Eskimos

Hood was drafted 26th overall by the Edmonton Eskimos in the 2008 CFL Draft, but failed to stick with the team after spending seven weeks on the practice roster.

### Hamilton Tiger-Cats

Hood was signed by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats on May 28, 2010.

### Toronto Argonauts

On March 20, 2013, Hood signed with the Toronto Argonauts.

## Post-football career

As of 2017, Hood is teaching at the University of Guelph-Humber and also pursuing a Phd from the University of Western Ontario.