# Comparison of retired orbital launch vehicles

Retired orbital launch vehicles have been instrumental in the history of space exploration, enabling the deployment of satellites, scientific instruments, and crewed missions. Representing decades of technological progress, these systems reflect the contributions of various nations, including the United States, Soviet Union, members of the European Space Agency (ESA), China, India, and Japan. The specifications, achievements, and legacy of these vehicles illustrate the foundations upon which modern space launch technologies have been built.

## Retired rockets

| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Height | Mass to ... (kg) | Mass to ... (kg) | Mass to ... (kg) | Reuse | Launches (+ suborbital) | Launch Sites | Date of flight | Date of flight |
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Height | LEO | GTO | Other | Reuse | Launches (+ suborbital) | Launch Sites | First | Last |
| Antares 110–130 | United States | Orbital | 40.5-41.9 m | 5,100 | | 1,500 to SSO | No | 5 | MARS | 2013 | 2014 |
| Antares 230 / 230+ | United States | Northrop Grumman | 42.5 m | 8,200 | | 3,000 to SSO | No | 13 | MARS | 2016 | 2023 |
| Ariane 1 | Europe | Aérospatiale | 49.1 m | | 1,830 | | No | 11 | CSG | 1979 | 1986 |
| Ariane 2 | Europe | Aérospatiale | 49.1 m | | 2,270 | | No | 6 | CSG | 1986 | 1989 |
| Ariane 3 | Europe | Aérospatiale | 49.1 m | | 2,650 | | No | 11 | CSG | 1984 | 1989 |
| Ariane 4 40 | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 4,600 | 2,105 | 2,740 to SSO | No | 7 | CSG | 1990 | 1999 |
| Ariane 4 42L | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 7,000 | 3,480 | 4,500 to SSO | No | 13 | CSG | 1993 | 2002 |
| Ariane 4 42P | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 6,000 | 2,930 | 3,400 to SSO | No | 15 | CSG | 1990 | 2002 |
| Ariane 4 44L | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 7,000 | 4,720 | 6,000 to SSO | No | 40 | CSG | 1989 | 2003 |
| Ariane 4 44LP | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 7,000 | 4,220 | 5,000 to SSO | No | 26 | CSG | 1988 | 2001 |
| Ariane 4 44P | Europe | Aérospatiale | 58.7 m | 6,500 | 3,465 | 4,100 to SSO | No | 15 | CSG | 1991 | 2001 |
| Ariane 5 G | Europe | EADS Astrium | 47.5 m | 18,000 | 6,900 | | No | 16 | CSG | 1996 | 2003 |
| Ariane 5 G+ | Europe | EADS Astrium | 47.8 m | | 7,100 | | No | 3 | CSG | 2004 | 2004 |
| Ariane 5 GS | Europe | EADS Astrium | 47.8 m | 16,000 | 6,600 | | No | 6 | CSG | 2005 | 2009 |
| Ariane 5 ES | Europe | EADS Astrium | 50.7 m | 21,000 | 8,000 | | No | 8 | CSG | 2008 | 2018 |
| Ariane 5 ECA | Europe | EADS Astrium | 52.6 m | 21,000 | 11,210 | | No | 84 | CSG | 2002 | 2023 |
| ASLV | India | ISRO | 23.5 m | 150 | | | No | 4 | SDSC | 1987 | 1994 |
| Athena I LLV-1 | United States | Lockheed Martin | 18.4 m | 500 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1995 | 1995 |
| Athena I | United States | Lockheed Martin | 18.9 m | 795 | 515 | | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS, KLC | 1997 | 2001 |
| Athena II | United States | Lockheed Martin | 28.2 m | 1,800 | | | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1998 | 1999 |
| Atlas-Able | United States | General Dynamics | 28 m | | | ~175 to TLI | No | 3 | CCSFS | 1959 | 1960 |
| Atlas-Agena | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 36 m | 1,000 | | 390 to TLI | No | 109 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1960 | 1978 |
| Atlas-Centaur | United States | Lockheed | 36.2-38.8 m | 1,134 | 2,222 | | No | 148 | CCSFS | 1962 | 1983 |
| Atlas B | United States | Lockheed Martin | 24.9 m | ~4,000 | | | No | 10 | CCSFS | 1958 | 1959 |
| Atlas-D OV1 | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 25.9 m | 1,400 | | | No | 7 | VAFB | 1965 | 1967 |
| Atlas E/F-Agena | United States | Convair/General Dynamics/Lockheed | 34 m | 1,000 | | 390 to TLI | No | 1 | VAFB | 1978 | 1978 |
| Atlas E/F-Altair-3A | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 27.3 m | 210 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1990 | 1990 |
| Atlas E/F-Burner-2 | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 28.9 m | 950 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1972 | 1972 |
| Atlas E/F-MSD | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 27.3 m | 800 | | | No | 4 | VAFB | 1976 | 1980 |
| Atlas E/F-OIS | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 28.7 m | 870 | | | No | 2 | VAFB | 1979 | 1985 |
| Atlas E/F-OV1 | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 26.5 m | 363 | | | No | 4 | VAFB | 1968 | 1971 |
| Atlas E/F-PTS | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 26.5 m | 295 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1974 | 1974 |
| Atlas E/F-SGS-1 | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 29 m | 450 | | | No | 8 | VAFB | 1977 | 1981 |
| Atlas E/F-SGS-2 | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 29 m | 770 | | | No | 4 | VAFB | 1983 | 1985 |
| Atlas E/F-Star-17A | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 27.4 m | N/A | | 800 to MPEO | No | 1 | VAFB | 1975 | 1975 |
| Atlas E/F-Star-37S | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 29 m | N/A | | 1,100 to SSO | No | 19 | VAFB | 1978 | 1995 |
| Atlas-F Agena-D | United States | Convair/General Dynamics | 34 m | N/A | | 2,300 to Polar | No | 1 | VAFB | 1978 | 1978 |
| Atlas G | United States | Lockheed | 43.9 m | 5,900 | 2,222 | 1,179 to HCO | No | 7 | CCSFS | 1984 | 1989 |
| Atlas H MSD | United States | Lockheed | 27 m | 3,630 | | | No | 5 | VAFB | 1983 | 1987 |
| Atlas LV-3B | United States | Convair | 28.7 m | 1,360 | | | No | 9 | CCSFS | 1960 | 1963 |
| Atlas SLV-3 | United States | Convair | 33.3 m | | | | No | 63 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1966 | 1983 |
| Atlas SLV-3 Burner-2 | United States | Convair | 30.3 m | ~1,000 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1968 | 1968 |
| Atlas I | United States | Lockheed Martin | 43.9 m | 5,900 | 2,340 | | No | 11 | CCSFS | 1990 | 1997 |
| Atlas II | United States | Lockheed Martin | 47.5 m | 6,780 | 2,810 | 2,000 to HCO | No | 10 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1991 | 1998 |
| Atlas IIA | United States | Lockheed Martin | 47.5 m | 7,316 | 3,180 | 2,160 to HCO | No | 23 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1992 | 2002 |
| Atlas IIAS | United States | Lockheed Martin | 49 m | 8,618 | 3,833 | 2,680 to HCO | No | 30 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1993 | 2004 |
| Atlas IIIA | United States | Lockheed Martin | 52.5 m | 8,686 | 4,060 | 2,970 to HCO | No | 2 | CCSFS | 2000 | 2004 |
| Atlas IIIB/DEC | United States | Lockheed Martin | 53.7 m | 10,759 | 4,609 | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 2002 | 2002 |
| Atlas IIIB/SEC | United States | Lockheed Martin | 54.7 m | 10,218 | 4,193 | | No | 3 | CCSFS | 2003 | 2005 |
| Atlas V 401 | United States | ULA | 57.3 m | 9,050 | 4,950 | 6,670 to SSO | No | 41 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2002 | 2022 |
| Atlas V 411 | United States | ULA | 58.2 m | 9,050 | 6,075 | 8,495 to SSO | No | 6 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2006 | 2020 |
| Atlas V 421 | United States | ULA | 59.1 m | 9,050 | 7,000 | 9,050 to SSO | No | 9 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2007 | 2022 |
| Atlas V 431 | United States | ULA | 59.1 m | 9,050 | 7,800 | 9,050 to SSO | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2005 | 2016 |
| Atlas V 501 | United States | ULA | 62.5 m | 8,250 | 3,970 | 5,945 to SSO 1,500 to GEO | No | 8 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2010 | 2023 |
| Atlas V 511 | United States | ULA | 62.5 m | 11,000 | 5,250 | 7,820 to SSO 1,750 to GEO | No | 1 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2022 | 2022 |
| Atlas V 521 | United States | ULA | 59.7 m | 13,300 | 6,485 | 9,585 to SSO 2,760 to GEO | No | 2 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2003 | 2004 |
| Atlas V 531 | United States | ULA | 59.7 m | 15,300 | 7,425 | 11,160 to SSO 3,250 to GEO | No | 5 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2010 | 2022 |
| Atlas V 541 | United States | ULA | 59.7 m | 17,100 | 8,240 | 12,435 to SSO 3,730 to GEO | No | 9 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2011 | 2022 |
| Black Arrow | United Kingdom | RAE | 13 m | 73 | | | No | 2 (+2) | WRC | 1969 | 1971 |
| Blue Scout II | United States | Vought | 24 m | 30 | | | No | 3 | CCSFS | 1961 | 1961 |
| Ceres-1 (1) | China | Galactic Energy | 18.5 m | 350 | | | No | 1 | JSLC | 2020 | 2020 |
| Ceres-1 (2) | China | Galactic Energy | 19.5 m | 400 | | | No | 1 | JSLC | 2021 | 2021 |
| Commercial Titan III | United States | Martin Marietta | 47.3 m | 13,100 | | | No | 4 | CCSFS | 1990 | 1992 |
| Conestoga 1620 | United States | Space Services | 15.2 m | 1179 | | | No | 1 | MARS | 1995 | 1995 |
| Diamant A | France | SEREB | 18.9 m | 80 | | | No | 4 | CIEES | 1965 | 1967 |
| Diamant B | France | SEREB | 23.5 m | 115 | | | No | 5 | CSG | 1970 | 1973 |
| Diamant BP4 | France | SEREB | 21.6 m | 153 | | | No | 3 | CSG | 1975 | 1975 |
| Delta 0300 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 34 m | | 340 | 747 to SSO | No | 3 | VAFB | 1972 | 1973 |
| Delta 0900 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 34 m | 1,300 | | 818 to SSO | No | 2 | VAFB | 1972 | 1972 |
| Delta 1410 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 340 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1975 | 1975 |
| Delta 1604 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 390 | | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1972 | 1973 |
| Delta 1900 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 1,800 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1973 | 1973 |
| Delta 1910 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 1,066 | | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1975 | 1975 |
| Delta 1913 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 328 | | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1973 | 1973 |
| Delta 1914 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | | 680 | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1972 | 1973 |
| Delta 2310 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 336 | | | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1974 | 1981 |
| Delta 2313 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | | | 243 to GEO | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1974 | 1977 |
| Delta 2910 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 1,887 | | | No | 6 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1975 | 1978 |
| Delta 2913 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 2,000 | 700 | | No | 6 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1975 | 1976 |
| Delta 2914 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | | 724 | | No | 30 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1974 | 1979 |
| Delta 3910 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 2,494 | 1,154 with PAM-D | | No | 10 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1980 | 1988 |
| Delta 3913 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 816 | | | No | 1 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1981 | 1981 |
| Delta 3914 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | | 954 | | No | 13 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1975 | 1987 |
| Delta 3920 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 3,452 | 1,284 with PAM-D | | No | 10 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1982 | 1989 |
| Delta 3924 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | | 1,104 | | No | 4 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1982 | 1984 |
| Delta 4925 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 3,400 | 1,312 | | No | 2 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1989 | 1990 |
| Delta 5920 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 35.2 m | 3,848 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1989 | 1989 |
| Delta II 6920 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 38.8 m | 3,983 | | | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1990 | 1992 |
| Delta II 6925 | United States | McDonnell Douglas | 39.4 m | 1,447 | 1,447 | | No | 14 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1989 | 1992 |
| Delta II 7320 | United States | Boeing IDS / ULA | 38.9 m | 2,865 | | 1,651 to SSO | No | 12 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1999 | 2015 |
| Delta II 7326 | United States | Boeing IDS | 38.4 m | | 934 | 636 to TLI 629 to HCO | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1998 | 2001 |
| Delta II 7420 | United States | ULA | 39 m | 3,185 | | 1,966 to SSO | No | 14 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1998 | 2018 |
| Delta II 7425 | United States | Boeing IDS | 39 m | | 1,100 | 804 to HCO | No | 4 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1998 | 2002 |
| Delta II 7426 | United States | Boeing IDS | 39 m | | 1,058 | 734 to TLI 711 to HCO | No | 1 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1999 | 1999 |
| Delta II 7920 | United States | Boeing IDS / ULA | 39.4 m | 5,030 | | 3,123 to SSO | No | 29 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1998 | 2017 |
| Delta II 7925 | United States | Boeing IDS / ULA | 39.4 m | | 1,819 | 1,177 to TLI 1,265 to HCO | No | 69 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1990 | 2009 |
| Delta II-H 7920H | United States | Boeing IDS / ULA | 39 m | 6,097 | | | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2003 | 2011 |
| Delta II-H 7925H | United States | Boeing IDS / ULA | 39.8 m | | 2,171 | 1,508 to HCO | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2003 | 2007 |
| Delta III 8930 | United States | Boeing IDS | 39 m | 8,292 | 3,810 | | No | 3 | CCSFS | 1998 | 2000 |
| Delta IV Heavy | United States | ULA | 72 m | 28,370 | 14,210 | 23,560 to polar 11,290 to TLI 8,000 to TMI | No | 16 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2004 | 2024 |
| Delta IV M | United States | Boeing IDS | 61.3 m | 9,440 | 4,440 | 7,690 to polar | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2003 | 2006 |
| Delta IV M+(4,2) | United States | ULA | 61.3 m | 13,140 | 6,390 | 10,250 to polar | No | 14 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2002 | 2019 |
| Delta IV M+(5,2) | United States | ULA | 65.5 m | 11,470 | 5,490 | 9,600 to polar | No | 3 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2012 | 2018 |
| Delta IV M+(5,4) | United States | ULA | 65.5 m | 14,140 | 7,300 | 11,600 to polar | No | 8 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2009 | 2019 |
| Dnepr | Ukraine | Yuzhmash | 34.3 m | 3,700 | | | No | 22 | Baikonur, Yasny | 1999 | 2015 |
| Energia | Soviet Union | NPO Energia | 58.8 m | 105,000 | | 20,000 to GEO 32,000 to TLI | No | 1 (failed to orbit) | Baikonur | 1987 | 1987 |
| Energia-Buran | Soviet Union | NPO Energia NPO Molniya | 58.8 m | 30,000 | | | Yes | 1 | Baikonur | 1988 | 1988 |
| Epsilon | Japan | IHI | 24.4 m | 1,200 | N/A | 450 to SSO | No | 1 | KSC | 2013 | 2022 |
| Epsilon (enhanced) | Japan | IHI | 26 m | 1,500 | N/A | 590 to SSO | No | 6 | KSC | | |
| Europa I | Europe | ELDO | 31.7 m | 1,440 | 200 | | No | 3 | WRC | 1968 | 1970 |
| Europa II | Europe | ELDO | 31.7 m | | 360 | | No | 1 | CSG | 1971 | 1971 |
| Falcon 1 | United States | SpaceX | 21 m | 470 | | | No | 5 | Omelek | 2006 | 2009 |
| Falcon 9 v1.0 | United States | SpaceX | 54.9 m | 9,000 | 3,400 | | No | 5 | CCSFS | 2010 | 2013 |
| Falcon 9 v1.1 | United States | SpaceX | 68.4 m | 13,150 | 4,850 | | No | 15 | VAFB, CCSFS | 2013 | 2016 |
| Falcon 9 Full Thrust | United States | SpaceX | 70.8 m | 17,400 | 5,500 | 9,600 to polar | Yes | 36 | VAFB, CCSFS, KSC | 2015 | 2018 |
| Falcon 9 Full Thrust | United States | SpaceX | 70.8 m | 22,800 | 8,300 | 9,600 to polar | No | 36 | VAFB, CCSFS, KSC | 2015 | 2018 |
| Feng Bao 1 | China | Shanghai Bureau No.2 | 33 m | 2,500 | | | No | 8 (+3) | JSLC | 1972 | 1981 |
| GSLV Mk.I(a) | India | ISRO | 49.1 m | 5,000 | 1,540 | | No | 1 | SDSC | 2001 | 2001 |
| GSLV Mk.I(b) | India | ISRO | 49.1 m | 5,000 | 2,150 | | No | 4 | SDSC | 2003 | 2007 |
| GSLV Mk.I(c) | India | ISRO | 49.1 m | 5,000 | | | No | 1 | SDSC | 2010 | 2010 |
| H-I | Japan  United States | Mitsubishi | 42 m | 1,400 | | | No | 9 | TNSC | 1986 | 1992 |
| H-II / IIS | Japan | Mitsubishi | 49 m | 10,060 | 4,000 | | No | 7 | TNSC | 1994 | 1999 |
| H-IIA 204 | Japan | Mitsubishi | 53 m | 15,000 | 5,950$^{:48}$ | | No | 5 | TNSC | 2006 | 2021 |
| H-IIA 2022 | Japan | Mitsubishi | 53 m | | 4,500 | | No | 3 | TNSC | 2005 | 2007 |
| H-IIA 2024 | Japan | Mitsubishi | 57 m | 11,000 | 5,000 | | No | 7 | TNSC | 2002 | 2008 |
| H-IIB | Japan | Mitsubishi | 56.6 m | 16,500 (ISS) | 8,000 | | No | 8 | TNSC | 2009 | 2020 |
| Hyperbola-1 (1) | China | i-Space | 20.9 m | 260 | | | No | 1 | JSLC | 2019 | 2019 |
| Juno I | United States | Chrysler | 21.2 m | 11 | | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1958 | 1959 |
| Juno II | United States | Chrysler | 24 m | 41 | | 6 to TLI | No | 10 | CCSFS | 1958 | 1961 |
| Kaituozhe-1 | China | CALT | 13.6 m | 40 | | | No | 2 | JSLC | 2002 | 2003 |
| Kaituozhe-2 | China | CASC | 16.8 m | 800 | | | No | 1 | JSLC | 2017 | 2017 |
| Kosmos | Soviet Union | NPO Polyot | 29.6 m | 350 | | | No | 38 | Kapustin Yar | 1961 | 1967 |
| Kosmos-1 | Soviet Union | NPO Polyot | 26.3 m | 1,400 | | | No | 8 | Baikonur | 1964 | 1965 |
| Kosmos-2 | Soviet Union | NPO Polyot | 31 m | 300 | | | No | 127 | Kapustin Yar, Plesetsk | 1965 | 1977 |
| Kosmos-3 | Soviet Union | NPO Polyot | 32.4 m | 1,400 | | | No | 6 | Baikonur | 1966 | 1968 |
| Kosmos-3M | Soviet Union  Russia | NPO Polyot | 32.4 m | 1,500 | | | No | 445 | Kapustin Yar, Plesetsk | 1967 | 2010 |
| Kosmos-3MRB | Soviet Union | NPO Polyot | 32.4 m | 1,500 | | | No | 10 | Kapustin Yar | 1980 | 1988 |
| Lambda 4S | Japan | Nissan Motors | 16.5 m | 26 | | | No | 5 | KSC | 1966 | 1970 |
| LauncherOne | United States | Virgin Orbit | 21.3 m | 500 | | 300 to SSO | No | 6 | Mojave, Cornwall | 2020 | 2023 |
| Long March 1 | China | CALT | 29.9 m | 300 | | | No | 2 | JSLC | 1970 | 1971 |
| Long March 1D | China | CALT | 28.2 m | 740 | | | No | 0 (+3) | TSLC | 1995 | 2002 |
| Long March 2A | China | CALT | 32 m | 2,000 | | | No | 4 | JSLC | 1974 | 1978 |
| Long March 2E | China | CALT | 49.7 m | 9,200 | | | No | 7 | XSLC | 1990 | 1995 |
| Long March 3 | China | CALT | 43.3 m | 5,000 | | | No | 13 | XSLC | 1984 | 2000 |
| Long March 3B | China | CALT | 54.8 m | 11,200 | 5,100 | 5,700 to SSO | No | 12 | XSLC | 1996 | 2012 |
| Long March 4A | China | CALT | 41.9 m | 4,000 | | | No | 2 | TSLC | 1988 | 1990 |
| M-V | Japan | Nissan Motors (1997–2000) IHI Aerospace (2000–2006) | 30.8 m | 1,850 | | | No | 7 | KSC | 1997 | 2006 |
| Molniya | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 43.4 m | 1,800 | | | No | 40 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1960 | 1967 |
| Molniya-M | Soviet Union  Russia | RSC Energia | 43.4 m | 2,400 | | | No | 280 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1965 | 2010 |
| Mu-4S | Japan | Nissan Motors | 23.6 m | 180 | | | No | 4 | KSC | 1971 | 1972 |
| Mu-3C | Japan | Nissan Motors | 20.3 m | 195 | | | No | 4 | KSC | 1974 | 1979 |
| Mu-3H | Japan | Nissan Motors | 23.8 m | 300 | | | No | 3 | KSC | 1977 | 1978 |
| Mu-3S | Japan | Nissan Motors | 23.8 m | 300 | | | No | 4 | KSC | 1980 | 1984 |
| Mu-3SII | Japan | Nissan Motors | 27.8 m | 770 | | | No | 8 | KSC | 1985 | 1995 |
| N1 | Soviet Union | NPO Energia | 105.3 m | 95,000 | | | No | 4 | Baikonur | 1969 | 1972 |
| N-I | Japan  United States | Mitsubishi | 34 m | 1,200 | | | No | 7 | TNSC | 1975 | 1982 |
| N-II | Japan  United States | Mitsubishi | 35 m | 2,000 | | | No | 8 | TNSC | 1981 | 1987 |
| Naro-1 | South Korea  Russia | KARI Khrunichev | 33 m | 100 | | | No | 3 | Naro | 2009 | 2013 |
| OS-M1 | China | OneSpace | 19 m | 205 | | 143 to SSO | No | 1 | JSLC | 2019 | 2019 |
| Paektusan-1 | North Korea | KCST | 25.8 m | 20 | | | No | 1 | Tonghae | 1998 | 1998 |
| Pegasus | United States | Northrop Grumman | 15.4 m | 455 | | | No | 6 | Edwards, CCSFS | 1990 | 1994 |
| Pegasus H | United States | Northrop Grumman | 15.4 m | 544 | | | No | 4 | VAFB, CCSFS, Kwajalein Atoll | 1995 | 2000 |
| Pilot II | United States | United States Navy | 4.4 m | N/A | | 1.05 to MEO | No | 10 | Point Mugu | 1958 | 1958 |
| Polyot | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 30 m | 1,400 | | | No | 2 | Baikonur | 1963 | 1964 |
| Proton (UR-500) | Soviet Union | Khrunichev | 39.8 m | 12,200 | | | No | 4 | Baikonur | 1965 | 1966 |
| Proton-K | Soviet Union  Russia | Khrunichev | 50 m | 19,760 | 4,930 | | No | 311 | Baikonur | 1965 | 2012 |
| PSLV-G | India | ISRO | 44 m | 3,200 | 1,050 | 1,600 to SSO | No | 12 | SDSC | 1993 | 2016 |
| Rocket 3.0 | United States | Astra | 11.6 m | 100 | | | No | 1 | KLC | 2020 | 2020 |
| Rocket 3.1 | United States | Astra | 11.6 m | 100 | | | No | 1 | KLC | 2020 | 2020 |
| Rocket 3.2 | United States | Astra | 11.6 m | 100 | | | No | 1 | KLC | 2020 | 2020 |
| Rocket 3.3 | United States | Astra | 13.1 m | 100 | | 150 to SSO | No | 5 | CCSFS, KLC | 2021 | 2022 |
| Rokot-K | Russia | Khrunichev | 25.5 m | | | | No | 4 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1990 | 1999 |
| Rokot-KM | Russia | Khrunichev | 29.1 m | 1,950 | | 1,200 to SSO | No | 31 | Plesetsk | 2000 | 2019 |
| RS1 B1 | United States | ABL Space Systems | 27 m | 1,350 | 400 | 975 to SSO 750 to MEO | No | 1 | KLC | 2023 | 2023 |
| Safir-1 | Iran | Iranian Space Agency | 22.6 m | 27 | | | No | 2 | Semnan | 2008 | 2009 |
| Safir-1A | Iran | Iranian Space Agency | 22.6 m | 15 | | | No | 1 | Semnan | 2011 | 2011 |
| Safir-1B | Iran | Iranian Space Agency | 22.6 m | 50 | | | No | 1 | Semnan | 2012 | 2012 |
| Safir-1B+ | Iran | Iranian Space Agency | 22.6 m | 52 | | | No | 5 | Semnan | 2012 | 2019 |
| Saturn I | United States | Chrysler (S-I) Douglas (S-IV) | 50-57.4 m | 9,000 | | | No | 10 | CCSFS | 1961 | 1965 |
| Saturn IB | United States | Chrysler (S-IB) Douglas (S-IVB) | 56.1-68.1 m | 18,600 | | | No | 9 | CCSFS, KSC | 1966 | 1975 |
| Saturn V | United States | Boeing (S-IC) North American (S-II) Douglas (S-IVB) | 110.6 m | 140,000 | | 47,000 to TLI | No | 13 | KSC | 1967 | 1973 |
| Scout X-1 | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 59 | | | No | 4 | WFF | 1960 | 1961 |
| Scout X-2 | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 76 | | | No | 1 | VAFB, WFF | 1962 | 1962 |
| Scout X-2M | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 76 | | | No | 3 | VAFB | 1962 | 1963 |
| Scout X-2B | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 76 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1963 | 1963 |
| Scout X-3 | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 87 | | | No | 5 | VAFB, WFF | 1962 | 1964 |
| Scout X-3M | United States | Vought | 21.8 m | 87 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1963 | 1963 |
| Scout X-4 | United States | Vought | 22.8 m | 103 | | | No | 11 | VAFB, WFF | 1963 | 1965 |
| Scout A | United States | NASA | 22.8 m | 110 | | | No | 11 | VAFB | 1965 | 1970 |
| Scout A-1 | United States | NASA | 22.8 m | 122 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1973 | 1973 |
| Scout B | United States | NASA | 22.8 m | 110 | | | No | 20 | BSC, VAFB, WFF | 1965 | 1971 |
| Scout B-1 | United States | NASA | 22.8 m | 143 | | | No | 5 | BSC, VAFB, WFF | 1971 | 1976 |
| Scout D-1 | United States | NASA | 22.9 m | 182 | | | No | 14 | BSC, VAFB, WFF | 1972 | 1979 |
| Scout E-1 | United States | NASA | 22.8 m | 193 | | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1974 | 1974 |
| Scout F-1 | United States | NASA | 22.9 m | 192 | | | No | 2 | BSC, VAFB | 1975 | 1975 |
| Scout G-1 | United States | NASA | 22.9 m | 208 | | | No | 18 | BSC, VAFB, WFF | 1979 | 1994 |
| Shavit | Israel | IAI | 17.7 m | 160 | | | No | 2 | Palmachim | 1988 | 1990 |
| Shavit-1 | Israel | IAI | 19.7 m | 225 | | | No | 4 | Palmachim | 1995 | 2004 |
| Shtil-1 | Russia | Makeyev | 14.8 m | 280–420 | | | No | 2 | Novomoskovsk, Ekaterinburg | 1998 | 2006 |
| SLV-3 | India | ISRO | 22 m | 40 | | | No | 4 | SDSC | 1979 | 1983 |
| Soyuz | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 45.6 m | 6,450 | | | No | 31 | Baikonur | 1966 | 1976 |
| Soyuz-FG | Russia | TsSKB-Progress | 49.5 m | 6,900 | | | No | 70 | Baikonur | 2001 | 2019 |
| Soyuz-L | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 50 m | 5,500 | | | No | 3 | Baikonur | 1970 | 1971 |
| Soyuz-M | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 50 m | 6,600 | | | No | 8 | Baikonur | 1971 | 1976 |
| Soyuz ST-A | Russia  Europe | TsSKB-Progress Arianespace | 46.3 m | 7,800 from Kourou | 2,810 with Fregat | | No | 9 | CSG | 2011 | 2021 |
| Soyuz ST-B | Russia  Europe | TsSKB-Progress Arianespace | 46.3 m | 9,000 from Kourou | 3,250 with Fregat | 4,400 to SSO | No | 18 | CSG | 2011 | 2022 |
| Soyuz-U | Soviet Union  Russia | TsSKB-Progress | 51.1 m | 6,650 from Baikonour 6,150 from Plesetsk | | | No | 786 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1973 | 2017 |
| Soyuz-U2 | Soviet Union  Russia | TsSKB-Progress | 34.5 m | 7,050 | | | No | 72 | Baikonur | 1982 | 1995 |
| Space Shuttle | United States | ATK (SRBs) Martin Marietta (External tank) Rockwell (Orbiter) | 56.1 m | 24,400 | 4,944 with IUS 1,200 with PAM-D | 3,550 to escape with IUS | Yes | 135 | KSC | 1981 | 2011 |
| SPARK | United States | UHAerojet RocketdyneSandia | 17 m | 300 | | | No | 1 | Barking Sands | 2015 | 2015 |
| Sparta | United States | ABMA/Chrysler | 21.8 m | 45 | | | No | 10 | WRC | 1966 | 1967 |
| Sputnik 8K71PS | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 30 m | 500 | | | No | 2 | Baikonur | 1957 | 1957 |
| Sputnik 8A91 | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 31.1 m | 1,327 | | | No | 2 | Baikonur | 1958 | 1958 |
| SS-520 | Japan | IHI Aerospace | 9.5 m | 4 | | | No | 2 | KSC | 2017 | 2018 |
| Start-1 | Russia | MITT | 22.7 m | 532 | | 250 to SSO | No | 5 | Svobodny, Plesetsk | 1993 | 2006 |
| Start-1.2 | Russia | MITT | 22.7 m | | | 250-300 to SSO | No | 1 | Svobodny | 1997 | 1997 |
| Start | Russia | MITT | 28.9 m | | | 300 to SSO | No | 1 | Plesetsk | 1995 | 1995 |
| Strela | Russia | Khrunichev | 24- 27.4 m | 1,400 | | | No | 3 | Baikonur | 2003 | 2014 |
| Taurus-1110 | United States | Orbital Sciences, Orbital ATK | 28.2 m | 1180 | 370 | 750 to SSO | No | 3 | VAFB | 1994 | 2000 |
| Taurus-2110 | United States | Orbital Sciences, Orbital ATK | 29.1 m | 1250 | 375 | 900 to SSO | No | 2 | VAFB | 1999 | 2001 |
| Taurus-2210 | United States | Orbital Sciences, Orbital ATK | 30.9 m | 1050 | | 700 to SSO | No | 1 | VAFB | 1998 | 1998 |
| Taurus-3110 | United States | Orbital Sciences, Orbital ATK | 30.1 m | 1450 | 445 | 1,050 to SSO | No | 2 | VAFB | 2009 | 2011 |
| Taurus-3210 | United States | Northrop Grumman | 27.9 m | 1,458 | N/A | 1,054 to SSO | No | 1 | VAFB | 2004 | 2004 |
| Terran 1 | United States | Relativity Space | 35.2 m | 1,250 | | 900 to SSO | No | 1 | CCSFS | 2023 | 2023 |
| Thor-Able I | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 26.9 m | 250 | | | No | 3 | CCSFS | 1958 | 1958 |
| Thor-Able II | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 27.3 m | 270 | | | No | 4 | CCSFS | 1959 | 1960 |
| Thor-Able III | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 27.4 m | | | ~64 to HEO | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1959 | 1959 |
| Thor-Able IV | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 27.2 m | | | ~43 to Heliocentric | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1960 | 1960 |
| Thor Agena-A | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 22.7 m | 860 | | | No | 16 | VAFB | 1959 | 1960 |
| Thor Agena-B | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 26.3 m | 1,200 | | | No | 21 | VAFB | 1962 | 1965 |
| Thor Agena-D | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 29.3 m | 1,150 | | | No | 22 | VAFB | 1962 | 1967 |
| Thorad SLV-2G Agena D | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 32.9 m | 2,000 | | | No | 30 | VAFB | 1966 | 1971 |
| Thorad SLV-2H Agena D | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 34 m | 2,000 | | | No | 13 | VAFB | 1969 | 1972 |
| Thor-Burner-1 MG-18 | United States | Douglas | 23 m | 770 | | 150-300 to MEO | No | 2 | VAFB | 1965 | 1965 |
| Thor-Burner-1 Altair-3 | United States | Douglas | ~24 m | >73 | | | No | 4 | VAFB | 1965 | 1966 |
| Thor-Burner-2 | United States | Douglas | 22.4 m | | | 250 to MEO | No | 12 | VAFB | 1966 | 1971 |
| Thor-Burner-2A | United States | Douglas | 23.5 m | | | 300 to MEO | No | 8 | VAFB | 1971 | 1976 |
| Thor-Delta | United States | Douglas | 31 m | 226 | 45 | | No | 12 | CCSFS | 1960 | 1962 |
| Thor-Delta A | United States | Douglas | 31 m | 250 | 68 | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1962 | 1962 |
| Thor-Delta B | United States | Douglas | 31 m | 370 | 68 | | No | 9 | CCSFS | 1962 | 1964 |
| Thor-Delta C | United States | Douglas | 27.5 m | 81 | | | No | 11 | CCSFS | 1963 | 1967 |
| Thor-Delta C1 | United States | Douglas | 27.5 m | 81 | | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1966 | 1969 |
| Thor-Delta D | United States | Douglas | 32 m | 450 | 104 | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1964 | 1965 |
| Thor-Delta E | United States | Douglas | 31 m | 540 | 150 | | No | 6 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1965 | 1967 |
| Thor-Delta E1 | United States | Douglas | 28 m | 540 | 205 | | No | 17 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1966 | 1971 |
| Thor-Delta G | United States | Douglas | 30 m | 650 | | | No | 2 | CCSFS | 1966 | 1967 |
| Thor-Delta J | United States | Douglas | 31 m | 260 | 263 | | No | 1 | VAFB | 1968 | 1968 |
| Thor-Delta L | United States | Douglas | 35 m | 356 | 300 | | No | 2 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1969 | 1972 |
| Thor-Delta M | United States | Douglas | 34 m | 356 | 355 | | No | 12 | CCSFS | 1968 | 1971 |
| Thor-Delta M6 | United States | Douglas | 32.4 m | 454 | 450 | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1971 | 1971 |
| Thor-Delta N | United States | Douglas | 33 m | 900 | | | No | 6 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1968 | 1972 |
| Thor-Delta N6 | United States | Douglas | 33 m | 1,600 | | | No | 3 | VAFB | 1970 | 1971 |
| Thor-DM21 Able-Star | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 29 m | 150 | | | No | 11 | CCSFS | 1960 | 1962 |
| Thor-DSV2A Able-Star | United States | Douglas/Aerojet | 29 m | 150 | | | No | 8 | VAFB | 1963 | 1965 |
| Thor-ISS | United States | Douglas/Thiokol | 23 m | | | 500 to MEO | No | 5 | VAFB | 1976 | 1980 |
| Thor-SLV2A Agena-B | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 31 m | 400 | | | No | 2 | VAFB | 1963 | 1966 |
| Thor-SLV2A Agena-D | United States | Douglas/Lockheed | 29.3 m | 1,500 | | | No | 60 | VAFB | 1963 | 1968 |
| Titan II GLV | United States | Martin Marietta | 33 m | 3,600 | | | No | 11 (+1) | CCSFS | 1964 | 1966 |
| Titan II(23)G | United States | Martin Marietta | 31.4 m | 3,600 | | | No | 13 | VAFB | 1988 | 2003 |
| Titan IIIA | United States | Martin Marietta | 38.5 m | 3,500 | | | No | 4 | CCSFS | 1964 | 1965 |
| Titan IIIB | United States | Martin Marietta | 42 m | 3,300 | | | No | 22 | VAFB | 1966 | 1969 |
| Titan III(23)B | United States | Martin Marietta | 42 m | 3,350 | | | No | 9 | VAFB | 1969 | 1971 |
| Titan III(33)B | United States | Martin Marietta | 42 m | N/A | 4,500 | | No | 3 | VAFB | 1971 | 1973 |
| Titan III(24)B | United States | Martin Marietta | 44 m | 4,500 | | | No | 23 | VAFB | 1971 | 1984 |
| Titan III(34)B | United States | Martin Marietta | 45.3 m | N/A | | | No | 11 | VAFB | 1975 | 1987 |
| Titan IIIC | United States | Martin Marietta | 41 m | 11,500 | 3,000 | | No | 14 | CCSFS | 1965 | 1970 |
| Titan III(23)C | United States | Martin Marietta | 42.5 m | 13,100 | 3,000 | | No | 22 | CCSFS | 1970 | 1982 |
| Titan IIID | United States | Martin Marietta | 36 m | 12,300 | | | No | 22 | VAFB | 1971 | 1982 |
| Titan IIIE | United States | Martin Marietta | 48.8 m | 15,400 | | | No | 7 | CCSFS | 1974 | 1977 |
| Titan 34D | United States | Martin Marietta | 44.5 m | 14,350 | 3,600 | | No | 15 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1982 | 1989 |
| Titan IVA | United States | Martin Marietta | 51.36 m(standard) | 17,110 | 4,944 with IUS | 14,090 to SSO 4,536 to GSO with Centaur 3,550 to escape with IUS | No | 22 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1989 | 1998 |
| Titan IVB | United States | Lockheed Martin | 51.36 m(standard) | 21,682 | 5,761 (9,000 with upper stage) | | No | 17 | VAFB, CCSFS | 1997 | 2005 |
| Tysklon-2 (R-36-O) | Soviet Union | Yuzhmash | 32 m | 3,350 | | | No | 18 | Baikonur | 1965 | 1971 |
| Tsyklon-2A | Soviet Union | Yuzhmash | 39.7 m | 3,350 | | | No | 8 | Baikonur | 1967 | 1969 |
| Tsyklon-2M | Soviet Union  Ukraine | Yuzhmash | 39.7 m | 2,820 | | | No | 106 | Baikonur | 1969 | 2006 |
| Tsyklon-3 | Soviet Union  Ukraine | Yuzhmash | 39.3 m | 1,920 | | | No | 122 | Plesetsk | 1977 | 2009 |
| Unha-2 | North Korea | KCST | 29.5 m | 80 | | | No | 1 | Tonghae | 2009 | 2009 |
| Unha-3 | North Korea | KCST | 30 m | 110 | | | No | 4 | Sohae | 2009 | 2016 |
| Vanguard | United States | Martin | 22.1 m | 9 | | | No | 10 (+1) | CCSFS | 1957 | 1959 |
| Vanguard SLV-7 | United States | Martin | 21.6 m | 20 | | | No | 1 | CCSFS | 1959 | 1959 |
| VLS-1 | Brazil | AEB, IAE | 19.5 m | 380 | | | No | 2 | CEA | 1997 | 2003 |
| Vega | Europe Italy | ArianeGroupAvio | 31 m | 2,300 | N/A | 1,450 to SSO 1,500 to polar | Expendable | 22 | CSG | 2012 | 2024 |
| Volna-O | Russia | Makeyev | 14.2 m | 100 | | | No | 1 (+5) | Borisoglebsk | 1995 | 2005 |
| Voskhod | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 44.1 m | 5,680 | | | No | 299 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1963 | 1976 |
| Vostok-L (Luna) | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 30.8 m | 4,000 | | 400 to TLI | No | 9 | Baikonur | 1958 | 1960 |
| Vostok (Korabl) | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 38.4 m | 4,550 | | 390 to TLI | No | 4 | Baikonur | 1960 | 1960 |
| Vostok-K | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 30.8 m | 2,460 | | | No | 16 | Baikonur | 1960 | 1964 |
| Vostok-2 | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 30.8 m | 4,730 | | | No | 45 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1962 | 1967 |
| Vostok-2M | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 38.8 m | 1,300 | | | No | 93 | Baikonur, Plesetsk | 1964 | 1991 |
| Soyuz/Vostok | Soviet Union | RSC Energia | 31 m | 6,000 | | | No | 2 | Baikonur | 1965 | 1966 |
| Zenit-2 | Soviet Union  Ukraine | Yuzhnoye | 57 m | 13,740 | | | No | 36 | Baikonur | 1985 | 2004 |
| Zenit-2FG | Ukraine | Yuzhnoye | 57 m | | | | No | 1 | Baikonur | 2011 | 2011 |
| Zenit-2M | Ukraine | Yuzhnoye | 57 m | 13,920 | | | No | 1 | Baikonur | 2007 | 2007 |
| Zenit-3F | Ukraine | Yuzhnoye | 59.6 m | | | 1,740 to GEO | No | 4 | Baikonur | 2011 | 2017 |
| Zenit-3SL | Ukraine | Yuzhmash RSC Energia | 59.6 m | 7,000 | 6,160 | | No | 36 | Ocean Odyssey | 1999 | 2014 |
| Zenit-3SLB | Ukraine | Yuzhmash RSC Energia | 59.5 m | | 3,750 | | No | 6 | Baikonur | 2008 | 2013 |
| Zhuque-1 | China | LandSpace | 19 m | 300 | | 200 to SSO | No | 1 | JSLC | 2018 | 2018 |