OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mangoro River

The Mangoro River is the largest river on the east coast of Madagascar by basin size and water volume, and is 300 km in length.

## Overview

The Mangoro begins northeast of the town of Anjozorobe in the Analamanga region, at approximately 1,100 meters. Its primary tributaries are the Onive River (which joins on the right bank at 200 km from the river source) and Nosivolo River. Its mouth is at the Indian Ocean near the town of Ambodiharina.
Owing to its many tributaries, the Mangoro maintains a high flow year round, making it an ideal river for rafting.
As of 2012, the Sherritt International Corporation planned to use the Mangoro River as a source of water for a slurry pipeline carrying ore for the Ambatovy project mines, raising environmental concerns.

## Wildlife

There are small populations of crocodiles in the more placid sections of the river, but their population is minimal and continues to plummet.
# Linta River

Linta is a river in the region of Atsimo-Andrefana in southern Madagascar. It crosses the Route nationale 10 near Ejeda and flows into the Indian Ocean in the Bay of Langarano, east of Androka.
Its main affluents are the Manakaralahy and Manakaravavy which are dry during the dry season from July to November. Its annual discharge is low, approx. 1–2 L/s/km$^2$.
# Dr. Feelgood (Mötley Crüe song)

"Dr. Feelgood" is a song by American heavy metal band Mötley Crüe. It was released as the lead single from their fifth studio album of the same name.
"Dr. Feelgood" is Mötley Crüe's only gold single in the U.S. In 2009, it was ranked the 15th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1.

## Theme and musical style

The tune explores the intersection of the LA Sunset Strip scene and drugs, depicting a drug dealer. This track marks a departure from the band's earlier musical style, introducing a funk rock groove and more sophisticated lyrics that deviate from their previous straightforward riffing and simpler lyrical approach.

## Critical reception

Upon release, David Giles of British magazine Music Week left a mixed review of the single. He called the song "almost funky furore, at the point where metal meets boogie" but "where the sound should be huge and fulsome, it is disappointingly trebly."

## Commercial performance

Released in 1989 as the album's first single, "Dr. Feelgood" became Mötley Crüe's first American Top Ten hit, peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 on October 28, 1989. It is their highest ranked single to this day. In November 1989, the single was certified Gold by the RIAA for more than 500,000 units shipped in the United States.

## Personnel

* Vince Neil – lead vocals
* Mick Mars – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Nikki Sixx – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Tommy Lee – drums, backing vocals

## Charts

| Chart (1989) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 26 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 11 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 50 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 6 |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 7 |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 20 |

## Certifications

| Country | Organization | Year | Sales |
| USA | RIAA | 1989 | Gold |
| Total available sales: | Total available sales: | Total available sales: | (+ 500,000) |
# Tubaran

Tubaran, officially the Municipality of Tubaran (Maranao: Inged a Tubaran; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tubaran), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 16,896 people.

## History

Tubaran is among to the Nine Princess of Unayan (e.g. in Meranau term Andong so Macadar, etc.).

## Geography
### Barangays

Tubaran is politically subdivided into 21 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.
* Alog
* Beta
* Poblacion (Buribid)
* Campo
* Datumanong
* Dinaigan
* Guiarong
* Mindamdag
* Paigoay-Pimbataan
* Polo
* Riantaran
* Tangcal
* Tubaran Proper
* Wago
* Bagiangun
* Gadongan
* Gaput
* Madaya
* Malaganding
* Matiticop
* Pagalamatan

### Climate

Climate data for Tubaran, Lanao del Sur :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 25 (77) | 25 (76) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 20 (68) | 20 (68) | 20 (68) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 20 (68) | 19 (66) | 19 (67) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 236 (9.3) | 225 (8.9) | 244 (9.6) | 235 (9.3) | 304 (12.0) | 287 (11.3) | 200 (7.9) | 175 (6.9) | 158 (6.2) | 200 (7.9) | 287 (11.3) | 243 (9.6) | 2,794 (110.2) |
| Average rainy days | 24.3 | 22.3 | 26.0 | 27.2 | 28.3 | 27.2 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 22.2 | 25.4 | 27.2 | 25.8 | 306.5 |
| Source: Meteoblue (modeled/calculated data, not measured locally) ||||||||||||||

## Economy

Poverty Incidence of Tubaran
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 50
* 60
* 70
* 80
* 2000 78.62
* 2003 65.21
* 2006 40.30
* 2009 44.43
* 2012 51.72
* 2015 66.42
* 2018 78.27
* 2021 20.20
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
# Sonny Africa

Sonny Africa is a Filipino economist and social activist who serves as the executive director of IBON Foundation, a non-profit research and advocacy organization based in the Philippines.

## Early life and education

Africa completed his undergraduate education at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Philosophy and Economics between 1988 and 1990. Following his undergraduate studies, he continued at LSE to pursue postgraduate education, completing his Master of Science in Development Studies from 1991 to 1992. His educational background in both philosophy and development studies would later inform his approach to economic analysis and social advocacy in the Philippines.

## Career and Advocacy
### Economic Analysis and Public Policy

Africa has been notably active in providing critical analysis of Philippine economic policies and government statistics. He is known for his methodological approach of using government's own statistics to challenge official narratives and provide alternative analysis of economic conditions.
At the annual 'Birdtalk' forum held at the University of the Philippines Diliman in January 2024, Africa raised significant concerns about government claims regarding economic growth, emphasizing the need for more nuanced analysis of economic indicators.
Under his leadership, IBON Foundation has advocated for more realistic poverty measurements, particularly calling for a reassessment of the food poverty threshold to better reflect actual living conditions in the Philippines.

### Transportation Policy

Africa has been a significant voice in the discourse surrounding the Philippine government's Public Utility Vehicle (PUV) modernization program. In early 2024, he provided analysis on the potential impacts of jeepney modernization, warning about projected fare increases and reduction in available transportation routes. His analysis suggested that minimum jeepney fares could reach ₱50 within five years under the modernization program.

### Labor and Employment Analysis

Under Africa's leadership, IBON Foundation has conducted extensive research on Philippine labor markets and employment quality. His work has highlighted concerns about job quality versus quantity in the Philippine economy and the need for improved labor policies to address economic slowdown.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 123

United Nations Security Council Resolution 123 was adopted on February 21, 1957, after the conflict over Jammu and Kashmir intensified. The council requested that the President of the Security Council visit the subcontinent and, along with the governments of India and Pakistan, examine any proposals which were likely to contribute to the resolution of the dispute. The council requested that he report back to them no later than April 15, and the resulting report formed the basis of United Nations Security Council Resolution 126, which was adopted in December of the same year.
The resolution was adopted by ten votes to none; the Soviet Union abstained.
# Nassau (village), New York

Nassau is a village located in the Town of Nassau in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The population was 1,133 at the 2010 census.
The Village of Nassau is in the southern part of the county in the Town of Nassau, with a small western portion in the Town of Schodack. Nassau is bordered on the west by the Valatie Kill and Schodack township and is 15 miles east of Albany, New York state's capital city.

## History

The village is near the site of the first settlement of the town, which took place circa 1760. The community was first known as "Union Village." The village was originally incorporated in the 19th century as "Schermerhorn's Village," receiving charters in 1819 and 1866, but abandoned that village status until it more recently gained incorporation as Nassau Village.
The Albany Avenue Historic District, Chatham Street Row, and Church Street Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Geography

Nassau is located at 42°31′N 73°37′W﻿ / ﻿42.517°N 73.617°W﻿ / 42.517; -73.617 (42.5152, -73.6111). According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.7 square mile (1.8 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,161 people, 490 households, and 321 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,705.2 inhabitants per square mile (658.4/km$^2$). There were 529 housing units at an average density of 776.9 per square mile (300.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 96.99% White, 0.86% Black or African American, 0.43% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 1.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.86% of the population.
There were 490 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $40,789, and the median income for a family was $49,500. Males had a median income of $37,986 versus $27,768 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,199. About 5.3% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Oxford Royale Academy

Oxford Royale Academy (also known as ORA and ORA Education and Oxford Royale) is an educational organisation based in Oxford, United Kingdom.

## History

The Academy was established in 2004 by alumni of the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and London. The organisation was founded in the city of Oxford, where it has provided educational courses each summer since it was established.
ORA is now based at St Catherine's College, one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford. It was located at Yarnton Manor, in Yarnton, Oxfordshire, between 2014 and 2021. ORA acquired Yarnton Manor from the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies in September 2014.

## Awards

ORA was included in the list of winners of the Queen's Awards for Enterprise 2012, in the International Trade category. This was in recognition of growing student enrolments.
ORA won a second Queen's Awards for Enterprise in 2016 and a third in 2019.
ORA also won a King's Awards for Enterprise in 2024.
It was also awarded Best Educational Product at the annual British Youth Travel Awards in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015. ORA was chosen based on a range of criteria including customer service; quality of content; creativity in business thinking; improving or innovating a product; and commitment to health and safety.
ORA was also named as a finalist for this award in 2016 and 2017.
ORA is accredited by the British Council and the British Accreditation Council (BAC), and is a member of the World Youth Student & Educational Travel Confederation (WYSE), EnglishUK and StudyUK. In February 2012, Oxford Royale Academy became a supporting member of the Council of British International Schools. Its courses are also accredited by City and Guilds.

## Oxbridge campuses

ORA contracts with institutions such as the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, to use their facilities and also hires instructors from these institutions. However, it operates independently and not under the universities' aegis.
In Oxford, ORA students reside in St. Peter's College, St. Catherine's College, Balliol College (including their Jowett Walk annexe), St Hugh's College, Merton College, University College, Lady Margaret Hall, and The Queen's College.
In Cambridge, St Catharine's College, Clare College, St Edmund's College form the three current colleges where ORA students can live and take classes.
In addition to operating its summer courses in Oxford and Cambridge, ORA also offers summer programmes in London, Ascot, and St Andrews. For the first time in July 2018, ORA also offered programs in the United States, including courses at Yale University and Stanford University.
# Growth of a Leader

Growth of a Leader is a 1964 painting by Norman Rockwell. It appeared as the 1966 Brown & Bigelow Boy Scout Calendar. Long-time Rockwell model James Edgerton and his son are depicted as a Scout moving through the stages of a man's Scouting career.

## Creation

The Edgerton family lived next to Norman Rockwell for 10 years. During that time, four generations of Edgertons posed for Rockwell. The first time that James "Buddy" Edgerton posed for Rockwell was for the 1945 Boy Scout Calendar illustration, I Will Do My Best, in 1943. The final time was for Growth of a Leader, after Rockwell moved from Arlington, Vermont, to Stockbridge, Massachusetts. Of the four men depicted, three were modeled after Buddy and the fourth, the Cub Scout, was modeled after his son. Since no one in the Edgerton family was involved in Scouting, all of the uniforms were borrowed from friends.

## Composition

The painting depicts the stages a man goes through as he moves through the Scouting program, in front of an American flag. The cycle starts with a young Cub Scout. As the boy becomes older he moves to the Boy Scout and then the Sea Scout/Explorer (modern day Venturing) programs. The Sea Scout has an Eagle Scout pin on his uniform. Finally, the man, with flecks of gray in his temples, becomes a Scoutmaster. Each of the figures is looking at a single point off of the canvasing, giving them the feeling of being united in a single purpose.

## Meaning

The painting represents the increase in maturity a Scout gains as he goes through the program. This is shown by the physical changes to each of the figures and by the change in expression on each of their faces.

## Sources

* 1 2 Powers, Martine (29 September 2012). "Models for Norman Rockwell's Portraits Reunite". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on November 16, 2012.
* ↑ "I Will Do My Best". Norman Rockwell Museum. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
* 1 2 Jackson, Carol (30 September 2013). "The Models Behind Rockwell's Portraits". The Story. American Public Media. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
* ↑ Momberg, Tom (2 August 2014). "Rockwell Models Share Memories". Bennington Banner.
* ↑ Wolgamott, L. Kent (28 August 2004). "Sentimental Journeys". Lincoln Journal Star. p. 5 (Section K).
* 1 2 "Growth of a Leader by Norman Rockwell". National Scouting Museum. Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original on December 4, 2013. Retrieved December 31, 2014.
* ↑ Williams, Monica Bernardette Ellen (May 2008). An Examination of Norman Rockwell's Peace Corps Series: Tradition and Innovation (MA). Stony Brook University.
# Titanus

Titanus (also called Titanus Distribuzione) is an Italian film production and distribution company, founded in 1904 by Gustavo Lombardo (1885–1951). The company's headquarters are located at 28 Via Sommacampagna, Rome and its studios on the Via Tiburtina, 13 km from the centre of Rome. The logo is a gold shield.
After the arrival of the French new wave films, Titanus launched a "youth operation", which gave young film artists a chance to create low-budget films with relative freedom. This had approximately 100 first and second productions for Titanus made between 1960 and 1965. This included films by new directors such as Ermanno Olmi, Elio Petri, Damiano Damiani and Lina Wertmuller. Titanus closed down its production branch in 1964, but the company remains active.

## Selected films

* Nobody's Children (1951)
* The Overcoat (1952)
* Rome 11:00 (1952)
* Storms (1953)
* Bread, Love and Dreams (1953)
* Bread, Love and Jealousy (1954)
* We, the Women (1953)
* The Sign of Venus (1955)
* Il bidone (1955)
* Scandal in Sorrento (1955)
* The Roof (1956)
* Poor, But Handsome (1957)
* Seven Hills of Rome (1958)
* The Naked Maja (1958)
* The Magistrate (1959)
* The Law (1959)
* Violent Summer (1959)
* Web of Passion (1959)
* Purple Noon (1960)
* The Angel Wore Red (1960)
* The Hole (1960)
* A Breath of Scandal (1960)
* Rocco and His Brothers (1960)
* Audace colpo dei soliti ignoti (1960)
* Il Posto (1961)
* The Lovemakers (1961)
* Girl with a Suitcase (1961)
* On the Tiger's Back (1961)
* The Seven Deadly Sins (1962)
* The Four Days of Naples (1962)
* Family Diary (1962)
* The Condemned of Altona (1962)
* The Leopard (1963)
* Sodom and Gomorrah (1963)
* The Shortest Day (1963)
* The Fiances (1963)
* The Tigers of Mompracem (1970)
* Indian Summer (1972)
* Sinbad and the Caliph of Baghdad (1973)
* Help Me Dream (1981)
* Dagger Eyes (1983)
# Anglican Diocese of Argentina

The Diocese of Argentina is a diocese in the Anglican Communion within the Anglican Church of South America.

## History

The diocese was founded in 1910 from the Diocese of the Falkland Islands.
The diocesan seat is the Cathedral of St John the Baptist in Buenos Aires, which at one time succeeded the Falkland Islands as the episcopal seat for the whole of South America but it is now the seat for the Diocese of Argentina only. The Diocese of Northern Argentina was split off from the diocese in 1969.
The incumbent diocesan bishop is Brian Williams, who was appointed in 2020.

## List of bishops

* Waite Stirling (1869–1900)
* Edward Every (1902–1937)
* John Weller (1937–1945)
* Ivor Evans (1946–1962)
* Cyril Tucker (1963–1975)
* Richard Stanley Cutts (1975–1989)
* David Leake (1990–2002)
* Gregory Venables (2002–2020)
* Brian Williams (2020–present)

## Companion diocese

The Diocese of Sheffield in the Church of England
# HC-1

Helicopter Combat Support Squadron 1 (HC-1) was a helicopter squadron of the United States Navy operating several helicopter types in support of United States Pacific Fleet ships and other units. The squadron was established on 1 April 1948 and disestablished on 29 April 1994. It was nicknamed "Pacific Fleet Angels" or just "Angels".

## History

Early experience with helicopters by the Navy was developed by Helicopter Development Squadron THREE (VX-3) which operated out of Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey. This led to the creation of the service's first two designated helicopter squadrons, Helicopter Utility Squadron (HU-1) and HU-2 on 1 April 1948.
As the Navy changed the scope of roles for its utility helicopter squadrons, it also re-designated them Helicopter Combat Support Squadrons. HU-1 was duly re-designated HC-1 on 1 July 1965.
Performing SAR and flying SH3G and CH53E helos, HC-1 operated out of Naval Air Station North Island - NASNI - in Coronado, CA. Fleet Angels. So Others May Live.
A detachment of HC-1 participated in Operation Desert Storm aboard USS Tarawa and during its return played a key role assisting civilians in aftermath of the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone.
The squadron was disestablished on 29 April 1994.

## Equipment

The squadron has operated several types during its history:
* Sikorsky HO3S
* Sikorsky HO4S
* Piasecki HUP Retriever
* Sikorsky UH-34D/E Seahorse
* Kaman UH-2A/B/C Seasprite
* Boeing-Vertol UH-46 Sea Knight
* Sikorsky SH-3G/UH-3H Sea King
* Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion
# Daniel Evans

Daniel, Danny or Dan Evans may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Daniel Evans (Welsh poet) (Daniel Ddu o Geredigion, 1792–1846), Welsh poet
* Daniel Evans (singer) (born 1969), The X Factor 2008 finalist
* Daniel Evans (actor) (born 1973), Welsh actor
* Dan Evans, character in the film 3:10 to Yuma

## Sport

* Dan Evans (baseball) (born 1960), American baseball executive
* Danny Evans (cricketer) (born 1987), Middlesex cricketer
* Dan Evans (rugby union) (born 1988), Welsh rugby union player
* Danny Evans (rugby league), English rugby league footballer, and coach
* Dan Evans (tennis) (born 1990), English tennis player

## Others

* Daniel Silvan Evans (1818–1903), Welsh scholar and lexicographer
* Daniel J. Evans (1925–2024), Governor of Washington and United States Senator
* Daniel Evans (minister) (1774–1835), Welsh independent Christian minister
* Daniel Ivor Evans (bishop) (1900–1962), Anglican bishop in South America
# Edge, Gloucestershire

Edge is a village in the civil parish of Painswick, Gloucestershire, England. The village is situated in an area of the Cotswolds that falls within the Stroud District.

## Government

For the purposes of local government, Edge is a constituent village of the Painswick civil parish, which also includes the neighbouring villages of Sheepscombe and Slad. The civil parish forms part of the district of Stroud and the county of Gloucestershire.
For parliamentary purposes, Edge is within the UK constituency of Stroud. Prior to Brexit in 2020, it was in the European constituency of South West England.

## Facilities

The village is served by the church of St John the Baptist, which is a part of the diocese of Gloucester. The village hosts a village hall and green, which are used for various functions including the annual Edge village fête.
The village has two adjacent commons. Rudge Hill Common (formerly Edge Common), to the SSW is largely limestone grassland and forms part of the Cotswolds Commons and Beechwoods NNR. Huddinknoll Common to the N of the village is managed by Natural England.
The village is intersected by several byways and the Cotswold Way national trail passes 0.5km to the South of the village.

## Notable Buildings

The parish church of St. John the Baptist is a perpendicular style building originally constructed in 1865, architect S.W. Dawkes. It is faced in freestone dressings and has an octagonal tower with a bell-turret. The interior is largely unaltered and has a conventional chancel and nave plan with one aisle to the North side. Adjacent are the original National School and Schoolhouse dating from the 1870's.
The centre of the village has several mid to late C17 farm buildings and cottages bounding the village green and the former Congregational Chapel, dated 1854.

## Notable Residents

To the West is the adjacent hamlet of Stockend. The author C. Henry Warren rented a property here and used this as a basis for his 1936 book 'A Cotswold Year' wherein he detailed a year living in this part of the rural Gloucestershire.