OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Taghit

The Battle of Taghit was the siege of a fort held by a contingent of the French Army of Africa against Moroccan tribesmen during the South-Oranese Campaign.

## Background

In the 1890s, the French administration and military called for the annexation of the Touat, the Gourara and the Tidikelt, a complex that had been controlled by tribes under the domination the Moroccan Empire for many centuries prior to the arrival of the French in Algeria.
An armed conflict opposed French 19th Corps Oran and Algiers divisions to the Aït Khabbash, a fraction of the Moroccan Aït Ounbgui khams of the Aït Atta confederation. The conflict ended with the annexation of the Touat-Gourara-Tidikelt complex by France in 1901.
In the aftermath, France faced numerous incidents, attacks and looting by uncontrolled armed groups in the newly controlled areas to the south of Oran. Under the command of General Lyautey, the French army's mission was to protect these areas newly occupied in the west of Algeria, near the poorly defined Moroccan boundaries. This loose boundary, between French Algeria and the Sultanate of Morocco, promoted incursions and attacks by tribesmen.
France also sought to expand their territories westwards towards Bechar, and these attacks gave them a casus belli to do so. In turn several tribes around the region decided to form a pan-tribal alliance called "Harka", led by a man called Ba Sidi, and a member of the Alaouite dynasty called Mouley Mustapha, who sought to gain prestige out of this attack.

## The battle

The tribal coalition, armed mainly with breech-loading and muzzleloading guns, composed of 4,000 warriors, and 5,000 camp followers arrived at Taghit on 17 August. For four days they besieged the outpost and its French troop, but the fierce defense of the garrison and the several sorties ordered by Captain de Susbielle weakened the tribesmen. Finally on 20 August reinforcements arrived, which, along with other factors, forced the tribal coalition to disperse and flee into the desert.

### French units involved

* 7th Company of the 2nd Regiment of Algerian Tirailleurs led by Captain Guibert
* A Platoon of the Battalions of Light Infantry of Africa led by Captain Mariande
* A Platoon of the 22nd Mounted Company of the 2nd Foreign Infantry Regiment led by Lieutenant Pointurier
* 60 Horsemen of the makhzen of Taghit led by Lieutenant de Ganay
* 60 Horsemen of the makhzen of Béni-Abbés led by Lieutenant de Lachaux

## Aftermath

A few days after the battle of Taghit, 148 legionnaires of the 22nd mounted company, from the 2e REI, commanded by Captain Vauchez and Lieutenant Selchauhansen, 20 Spahis and 2 Mokhaznis, forming part of escorting a supply convoy, were ambushed, on September 2, by 3,000 Moroccans tribesmen, at El-Moungar.
# Bing Crosby Sings Songs by George Gershwin

Bing Crosby Sings Songs by George Gershwin is a compilation album of phonograph records by Bing Crosby released in 1949 featuring songs written by George Gershwin.

## Reception

Billboard was enthusiastic:
    Crosby singing Gershwin tunes figures to be a winning parlay any time – and this album sounds like a winner, sure enough. Sides were made during recent various years, and it’s nice to be able to report that Croz was in form on each. Every tune here is a 20-carat imperishable, and plenty of earnest affection is lavished on each by Bing and the works of Trotter, Malneck and Victor Young.

## Track listing
### 78rpm album

These previously issued songs were featured in a 4-disc, 78 rpm album set, Decca Album A-702. All music by George Gershwin.
| Side | Title | Recording date | Lyricist | Performed with | Time |
| Disc 1: (24541) ||||||
| A. | "Embraceable You" | November 12, 1947 | Ira Gershwin | The Chickadees and John Scott Trotter and His Orchestra | 2:47 |
| B. | "They Can't Take That Away from Me" | November 12, 1947 | Ira Gershwin | John Scott Trotter and His Orchestra | 3:07 |
| Disc 2: (24542) ||||||
| A. | "Love Walked In" | November 12, 1947 | Ira Gershwin | John Scott Trotter and His Orchestra | 2:45 |
| B. | "Summertime" | July 8, 1938 | DuBose Heyward | Matty Malneck and His Orchestra | 3:05 |
| Disc 3: (25409) ||||||
| A. | "It Ain't Necessarily So" | March 29, 1936 | Ira Gershwin | Victor Young and His Orchestra | 3:06 |
| B. | "I Got Plenty o' Nuttin'" | March 29, 1936 | DuBose Heyward | Victor Young and His Orchestra | 3:15 |
| Disc 4: (25410) ||||||
| A. | "Somebody Loves Me" | June 14, 1939 | Ballard MacDonald, Buddy DeSylva | Victor Young and His Orchestra | 2:44 |
| B. | "Maybe" | June 14, 1939 | Ira Gershwin | Victor Young and His Orchestra | 2:44 |

### LP release

The songs were also featured on a 10" LP album, Decca DL 5081 issued in 1949. Side 1
* "Embraceable You"
* "They Can't Take That Away from Me"
* "Love Walked In"
* "Summertime"
Side 2
* "It Ain't Necessarily So"
* "I Got Plenty o' Nuttin'"
* "Somebody Loves Me"
* "Maybe"

### Other releases

In 1950, the same selections were released on a set of 45 rpm records numbered Decca 9-122 and the album cover is shown above.
# Charma Gal

Magadeline Lesolobe (born 1983), best known by her stage name Charma Gal, is a Botswana singer-songwriter.

## Early life

Charma Gal was born in Botswana in a small village called Lerala. She was married to Kabelo Mogwe, but the two later divorced in 2016. Charma Gal is a mother of two. Charma Gal is one of the founding members of the cultural dance group, Culture Spears, which was founded in 2005. She left the group to form her own group, called Eke Ntolo, which has released seven albums.

## Music career

Charma Gal released a new album in April 2017:Mmokolodi]], (transl. I am going to Mmokolodi.) She has collaborated with various international artists including Jah Prayzah on the song Dali Wangu. Charma Gal was also featured by Master KG on a single track titled "Nsalele le ngwana" in 2018. She released her seventh studio album Lekgamu La Bananyana in November 2018. The album was released through Charma Gal Productions. Lekgamu La Bananyana,the title track of the album, made it to the Yarona Fm Top 20 Count Down and peaked at position 10. In 2020/21 she was featured by Makhadzi on her album "KOKOVHA" on the track "Themba Muthu" . Years later she was featured by Culture Spears after years of separation with the group with the hit song that took Botswana by storm "Sibi"
She released an album titled. In 2022 which features Kabelo Mogwe on the song "Kotsio"
# Live in Berlin

Live in Berlin may refer to:
* Live in Berlin (Art Ensemble of Chicago album), 1991
* Live in Berlin (Depeche Mode album and video), 2014
* Live in Berlin (Marilyn Crispell album), 1984
* Live in Berlin (Jennifer Rostock album), 2012
* Live in Berlin (Rozz Williams album), 2000
* Live in Berlin (Sting album), 2010
* Live in Berlin, an album by Kriwi, 2004
* Live in Berlin, Vols. I and II, two albums by the Lounge Lizards, 1991/1992
* Acoustic Trio Live in Berlin, an album by Willy DeVille, 2002
* In Berlin, also released as Live in Berlin, an album by Blurt, 1981
* Live aus Berlin, an album by Rammstein, 1998
* Live aus Berlin (Rosenstolz album), 2003
* La Ultima / Live in Berlin, an album and concert film by Böhse Onkelz, 2005
* The Wall – Live in Berlin, a concert staging of Pink Floyd's The Wall by Roger Waters, 1990
* Live in East Berlin, a video by Kreator, 1990
* Live in Berlin, an album by Robert Gwisdek, also known as Käptn Peng, and Die Tentakel Von Delphi, 2015
# Roy Meeus

Roy Meeus (born 24 May 1989) is a Belgian former professional footballer.

## Career

Born in Lommel, Belgium, Meeus has played for KVSK United, Club Brugge, Dender, and Lommel United.

## Personal life

Meeus married Ashlee Bond, an American-Israeli Olympic show jumping rider who competes for Israel, in 2015 and they have a daughter named Scottie, born in 2016.
# Menarandra River

Menarandra is a river in the regions of Androy and Atsimo-Andrefana in southern Madagascar. It flows into the Indian Ocean near Bevoalavo Est.
Its annual discharge is low, approx. 2–3 L/s/km$^2$ at Tranoroa where it also crossed the National road 10. Between Tranoroa and its mouth in the Indian Ocean it forms the border between the regions of Androy and Atsimo-Andrefana.
# The Dance Age

The Dance Age is the first EP released by The Muddy Basin Ramblers. It was released alongside a collaborative project with Naughty Swing, a swing dancing troupe based in Taipei, Taiwan. A music video covering the 1938 Taiwanese classic Dance Age was released alongside the EP.
The album was designed by Onion Design Associates. The collaboration between the band and Onion has produced three Grammy-nominated albums released before and after The Dance Age.
# Wolfgang Reinhardt (athlete)

Wolfgang Reinhardt (6 May 1943 – 11 June 2011) was a West German pole vaulter. Competing for the United Team of Germany he won a silver medal at the 1964 Olympics and was awarded the Silbernes Lorbeerblatt for this achievement. Domestically he held the West German outdoor (1963–65), and indoors titles (1963 and 1968). He was trained as an engraver, but later in 1961 enrolled to the German Sport University Cologne to study sports. Reinhardt was married to Ortrud Mentges. His brother Hartmut was also a competitive pole vaulter.
# Necrodeath

Necrodeath is an Italian extreme metal band from Liguria. It is one of the first extreme metal bands originating in Italy. They take inspiration from Slayer, Dark Angel, Possessed, Venom, Kreator, Celtic Frost, Bathory and Sodom. The band is also renowned for its live performances, and notably for their "wall of sound".

## History

The band was formed in 1984 under the name Ghostrider by Claudio (guitars) and Peso (drums) who, right after having seen Venom in concert decided that they wanted to be metal artists as well. Along with Ingo (vocals) and Paolo (bass) they released as a first recording a 4-track demo titled "The Shining Pentagram" with Slayer, Kreator and Bathory influences, which gained them an important following throughout the underground metal scene.
Their first two albums Into the Macabre (1988) and Fragments of Insanity (1989) were acclaimed by metal press and fanzines and allowed Necrodeath to have a cult following that is still present to this day. The band disbanded soon after the recording of the second album.
Historical members Claudio and Peso reformed the band in 1998 after a long break. Ingo was replaced by Flegias on vocals, while John became the new bass player. They have since released eleven albums, described as "challenging, eclectic heavy metal".
Necrodeath released the album Draculea on October 22, 2007. The album is based on Vlad Tepes.
In 2008 Pier Gonella joined on guitar as an official member after touring with the band for two years. He also recorded the albums Draculea, Phylogenesis, Old Skull and Idiosyncrasy at his MusicArt studios.
On August 19, 2024, Necrodeath announced that they will disband for the second time after a new album and farewell tour in 2025. Their final album, Arimortis, was released on January 17, 2025.

## Members
### Current members

* Peso – drums (1985–1990, 1998–present)
* Flegias – vocals (1998–present)
* Pier Gonella – guitars (2007–present)
* GL – bass (2008–present)

### Former members

* Claudio – guitar (1985–1990, 1998–2003)
* Ingo – vocals, Guitar (1985–1998)
* Paolo – bass (1985–1998)
* Andy – guitar (2003–2006)
* John – bass (1998–2008)
* Maxx – guitar (2007–2009)

### Timeline
## Discography
### Studio albums

* Into the Macabre (1987)
* Fragments of Insanity (1989)
* Mater of All Evil (1999)
* Black as Pitch (2001)
* Ton(e)s of Hate (2003)
* 100% Hell (2006)
* Draculea (2007)
* Phylogenesis (2009)
* Old Skull (2010)
* The Age of Fear (2011)
* The 7 Deadly Sins (2014)
* The Age of Dead Christ (2018)
* Defragments of Insanity (2019; re-recorded version of Fragments of Insanity)
* Singin' in the Pain (2022)
* Arimortis (2025)

### Compilation albums

* 20 Years of Noise 1985–2005 (2005)

### EPs

* Headhunting (2015)
* Neraka (2019)
* Transformer Treatment (2022)

### Demos

* Rehearsal '84 (1984, as Ghostrider)
* The Exorcist (1984, as Ghostrider)
* Mayhemic Destruction (1985, as Ghostrider)
* The Shining Pentagram (1986)

### Side-project

* Mondocane: Project One (with Schizo) (1990)

### Video

* From Hate To Scorn Home Video (2001)
* Hellive (2013)
# Battle of Laswari

The Battle of Laswari took place on 1 November 1803 near Laswari village, Alwar. It was part of the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
The British under Gerard Lake were anxious to finish the war by neutralizing the last substantial force that the Maratha confederacy possessed, consisting of twelve battalions of regular infantry trained by the adventurer Chevalier Dudrenec. Dudrenec deserted the Marathas and command fell onto Ambaji Ingle, a veteran Maratha officer.
Lake decided to dispense first with his artillery and later with his infantry in a series of forced marches to catch up with the Maratha force. Lake initially encountered the enemy force with just three brigades of cavalry, but the British troopers by repeated charges were able to contain the Maratha Army until the British infantry arrived.
The British units, commanded by Lake, were about 10,000 men strong, opposing Sindhia's force of 9,000 veteran infantry and 5,000 cavalry under the command of Ambaji Ingle. The British units were also supported by additional allied troops from Alwar.
The Maratha infantry made a most gallant defence, standing their ground until the survivors laid down their arms. The cavalry also suffered heavily. The British captured 72 guns and a large quantity of ammunition and stores. Lake later wrote, "I never was in so severe a business in my life or anything like it… these fellows fought like devils, or rather like heroes".
"The casualties on both sides were very heavy. The Company lost many officers, including Maj. Gen. Weir, Col. Vandeleur and Maj. Griffith. Lake's son was also killed."
On 17 December 1803, Raghuji Bhonsale (II) of Nagpur signed the Treaty of Deogaon with the British after the Battle of Laswari and gave up the province of Cuttack including Balasore.
In this battle, the people of the Meena tribe of Shahjahanpur village of Alwar district fought a lot and drove the British away.
# Los Angeles School of Global Studies

The Los Angeles School of Global Studies (LASGS) is a high school located within the Miguel Contreras Learning Complex. LASGS opened in the fall of 2006 with only Freshman and Sophomore classes as one of four New Technology High Schools in the Los Angeles area. In the 2008–2009 school-year they reached their target and current capacity of 360 students in their first year with all four grade levels.
New Tech Network schools promote the use of project-based learning and the team-teaching of courses. LASGS in particular has made a concerted effort to integrate those team-taught courses. Most notably all Humanities courses are taught in this model and although there are still come modifications being made to the Math and Science pairings, they are also team-taught and integrated at a far higher level than most other schools in the network. The GeoDesign course that is currently taught by Dina Mahmood, Geometry teacher, and David Brown, Design Media instructor, is another integrated, co-taught course offered to all students at LA Global Studies.

## History

Los Angeles School of Global Studies was established on September 5, 2006.
In 2012, Christian Quintero, a teacher at the school took the reins as Principal of LASGS.
The Globe, LASGS's student newspaper, existed since 2005.
A program called Youth Voices is a school-based social network that was started in 2003.
In 2011 a couple of UCLA professors and students designed an 18 ft by 334 ft digital mural.

## Project-based learning

Los Angeles School of Global Studies is a project-based learning school. LASGS students work in many kinds of projects. The students work together and collaborate in many different projects that require communication and critical thinking in order to answer a driving question or a challenging question. They always work in groups and the period of time is for a month or more. The students at LASGS use websites such as Echo, a website that supports project-based learning schools. The goal of Los Angeles School of Global Studies is to prepare students to excel in an information-based and technologically advanced society.

## Awards

On July 20, 2012, LASGS won the Chan P. Wick Award for Social Justice at the New Tech Network Annual Conference. This award is given to a school that demonstrates success in closing the achievement gap for underserved students, exemplifies the New Tech model and graduates students college and career ready.
# Nikolai Sapunov

Nikolai Nikolaevich Sapunov (1880–1912) was a Russian painter and known as an artist in the Symbolist style.

## Biography

He was born in Moscow and studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture under Isaac Levitan (1893–1901), and at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg (1898–1901) under Kiseliov.
He painted sets for the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow based on the designs by Korovin (1901–1902), as well as for Moscow Art Theatre (from 1904), the sets and costumes for Meyerhold's 1906 production of Alexander Blok's The Puppet Show, and theatres of Vera Komissarzhevskaya and experimental Theatre of Alexandr Tairov. His best known paintings are still lifes with flowers and china.
At the end of his life he began a series of ironic genre pictures, which he left unfinished, as he wished to go abroad. Nikolai Sapunov drowned in a boating accident in Terioki, Finland (now Zelenogorsk) at the age of 32.
# Giga Bokeria

Giorgi (Giga) Bokeria (Georgian: გიორგი (გიგა) ბოკერია, born 20 April 1972 in Tbilisi) is a Georgian politician and was the secretary of the National Security Council of Georgia from November 2010 to November 2013.

## Career

From 1989 to 1995, Bokeria was one of the leaders of various student movements, in particular an active member of the Press Club of Tbilisi State University. In 1992, he began working as a journalist, in the newspaper 7 Dge (7 Days), as a political editor of newspaper Mimomkhilveli (Observer) – 1992–1993, journalist with the Pikis Saati (Rush Hour) program of Channel 1 of State Radio −1993, journalist of Radio Liberty – 1994, political editor of newspaper Argumenti (Argument) – 1995–1996, Akcentebi (Accents) talk show host of Rustavi 2 broadcasting company – 1996.
In 1996, together with Levan Ramishvili, Bokeria co-founded the Liberty Institute, a Georgian non-profit, non-partisan, liberal public policy advocacy foundation, taking the job of coordinating human rights programs and later the position of senior legal advisor.
In 2003, after a visit to Serbia to study peaceful revolution techniques, Bokeria helped bring Serb activists from the youth movement Otpor! to Georgia to train students in the same techniques. As a result, the youth movement "Kmara" was established, which played a leading role in the November 2003 Rose Revolution. After the Revolution, Bokeria was elected to Parliament where he has authored a number laws to strengthen human rights in Georgia.
Bokeria was a Member of Parliament from 2004 to 2008. He is the Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Legal Issues and is a Member of Committee on Defense and Security. From 2005 to 2008 he was Vice-President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) and he was vice-chairman of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group in the assembly and in 2008 along with United National Movement and later European Georgia - Movement for Liberty he moved to EPP Group. In April 2008, he was moved to the post of deputy Foreign Minister of Georgia, and in November 2010 to Secretary of the National Security Council. He resigned on 15 November 2013 after Georgia elected its new president, Giorgi Margvelashvili. He was succeeded by the Georgian Dream lawmaker Irina Imerlishvili. From 2016 to 2020 he was member of Parliament of Georgia. In 2017 after the split in the United National Movement, together with other former leaders of UNM, Bokeria co-founded European Georgia - Movement for Liberty party and remained the chairman of the party until his departure in 2024.

## Personal life

Bokeria is married to Tamar Chergoleishvili, a former editor-in-chief of the Tbilisi-based magazine Tabula and politician. Bokeria's mother is the chess grandmaster Nana Alexandria.
# World Pulse Festival

The World Pulse Festival is a Christian contemporary music festival in South Bend, Indiana. The World Pulse Festival was started by LeSEA Broadcasting Corp. in 1986 as a birthday celebration for radio station WHME. It is held on WHME grounds in South Bend, Indiana, except in 2014, when it was moved to the Compton Family Ice Arena at Notre Dame. In 2017 the Pulse Festival started the "Pulse Summer Series" that spread out a concert each month during the season. Its attendance numbers have ranged between 40,000 and 60,000 attendees, making it one of the largest Christian music festivals in the Midwest.

## History

* 2002-Newsboys, ZOEgirl, Michael W. Smith, Mark Schultz, By The Tree, Andy, & Everyday Sunday.
* 2003-Newsboys, Sixpence None The Richer, Jars of Clay, Paul Colman Trio, Out of Eden, Denver, The Mile High Orchestra.
* 2004-Third Day, Audio Adrenaline, Rebecca St. James, Tait, and Petra.
* 2005-Phil Keaggy, MercyMe, Jars of Clay, Nicole C. Mullen.
* 2006-Barlow Girl, Jeremy Camp, TobyMac, Newsboys, Salvador.
* 2007-Superchick, Sanctus Real, Krystal Myers Kutless, Michael W. Smith.
* 2008-C3, Mandisa, Skillet, TobyMac, Casting Crowns.
* 2009-Robbie Seay Band, Ayiesha Woods, Hawk Nelson, David Crowder Band, Jeremy Camp.
* 2010-Josh Wilson, Sidewalk Prophets, Fireflight, Kutless, Amy Grant, TobyMac.
* 2011-Newsboys, Third Day, Jars of Clay, Group 1 Crew, Dara Maclean, Hyland.
* 2012-MercyMe, Needtobreathe, Peter Furler, Britt Nicole, Rhett Walker Band, Dara Maclean, Manic Drive.
* 2013-Switchfoot, Audio Adrenaline, Natalie Grant, The City Harmonic, Jason Castro.
* 2014-Chris Tomlin, Sanctus Real, Mandisa, Skillet, Building 429, Colton Dixon, Ellie Holcomb and 1 Girl Nation.
* 2015-Amy Grant, Tenth Avenue North, Michael W. Smith, Building 429, Sidewalk Prophets, Vertical Church Band, Blanca.
* 2016-For King & Country, Switchfoot, Phillips, Craig and Dean, Lincoln Brewster, Plumb, Union of Sinners and Saints, 7eventh Time Down, The Imperials
* 2017-Matthew West, Mandisa, Crowder, Skillet, Colton Dixon
* 2018-For King & Country, Blanca, TobyMac, Stars Go Dim, Mercy Me, We Are Messengers
# Toru Iwaya

Tōru Iwaya (岩谷 徹, Iwaya Tōru, born February 12, 1936) is a Japanese mezzotint engraver and painter.

## Biography

Born in Koriyama, Japan in 1936, the youngest child of Iwaya Kanekichi and Kageyama Matsu, Tōru Iwaya went, at the age of 19, to Tokyo. After he graduated from the Tokyo Fisheries (東京水産), now called Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (東京海洋大学), at the age of 24, he moved back to Koriyama, where in 1965 at the age of 29 he married Keiko Sugano. In 1971 at the age of 35 he moved to Paris. There he studied under Stanley William Hayter at his studio Atelier 17. In 1974 he exhibited some of his mezzotint works at the Galerie Genot in the Marais near his own workshop.
Tōru Iwaya went back to Koriyama in 1999 due to his wife's deteriorating health and his sister's mental illness. He continues his work and has begun teaching his techniques to young students at his workshop.

## Awards

* Société des Artistes Français: bronze medal, 1972