OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Geoff Appleford

Geoff Appleford (born 26 September 1977 in Dundee, South Africa) is a retired rugby union footballer who played for London Irish at centre, then ended his career with Northampton Saints, although because of injury he never played a competitive game for the club. Geoff also played for England. He was educated at Maritzburg College.
A former Natal Shark and Mpumalanga Puma, Appleford joined London Irish in 2000. He made his England Sevens debut in 2001 and won his full England cap in 2002; qualifying through his grandparents. He was a member of London Irish’s Powergen Cup winning team of 2002, starting in the final and scoring two tries.
In the summer of 2005 Appleford joined Northampton Saints.
In January 2007 Appleford was forced to take early retirement after failing to recover fully from a shoulder injury.
Also, Appleford is possibly the only player to be signed whilst injured and retire having not played a game for them.
# Crowsworn

Crowsworn is an upcoming Metroidvania game developed by Canadian studio Mongoose Rodeo. The game was funded on Kickstarter, and has not had a new release date announced since a delay in August of 2023. It is planned to release for Windows, macOS, Linux, Nintendo Switch, and other consoles.

## Premise

Crowsworn is a Metroidvania with elements of the soulslike genre. It takes place in Fearanndal, a fallen kingdom beset by a curse. The player takes control of a protagonist with the appearance of a plague doctor, who wakes up in a coffin suffering from amnesia. As the protagonist, the player must traverse the kingdom to uncover the origin of this curse. The player character fights enemies in melee using a scythe, and at range using two guns. They can also utilize Corvian powers, magical abilities that can be used in combat. Use of Corvian powers requires the exertion of an energy called Malice, which can be recharged by attacking enemies with the scythe. The game features platforming, side quests, and several bosses, as well as a boss rush mode and a planned DLC expansion after launch.

## Development

The game was first announced on Kickstarter and raised over $1 million CAD by the end of its campaign in August 2021, ahead of its planned funding target of $125,000 CAD. The developers were influenced by the Metroidvania Hollow Knight, and drew further inspiration from Bloodborne and Devil May Cry. Director Aleksandrar Kuzmanovic noted how the game was often compared to Hollow Knight, and desired to find ways to stand out from his inspirations. The game was marketed by Matthew Griffin, who had previously done the same for Hollow Knight. In August 2023, Mongoose Rodeo delayed the game from its planned release in December 2023, citing the game's increasing size as a result of raising more funds than planned during the Kickstarter campaign.
# GATX

GATX Corporation is a railcar lessor that owns fleets in North America, Europe, and Asia. In addition, jointly with Rolls-Royce Limited, it owns one of the largest aircraft spare engine lease portfolios. It is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. As of December 31, 2020, the company owned 148,939 rail cars, including 83,959 tank cars, 64,980 freight cars, and 645 locomotives. Other major car types owned include covered hoppers, open-top hopper cars, and gondolas. It primarily serves the petroleum industry (29% of 2020 revenues), chemical industry (22% of 2020 revenues), food industry (11% of 2020 revenues), mining industry (10% of 2020 revenues), and transportation industry (20% of 2020 revenues).

## History

The company was founded as Atlantic Seaboard Dispatch in Chicago, Illinois, in 1898 by Max Epstein to ship beer in refrigerated railcars for Duquesne Brewing Company.
In 1902, the company was renamed German-American Car Co. In 1916, it changed its name to General American Tank Car Corp. and became a public company via an initial public offering, and in 1933, it was renamed General American Transportation Corp.
In 1949, the company worked with designer Russel Wright to develop "Meladur", a melamine dinnerware.
Effective January 1, 2000, General American Transportation Corporation was renamed GATX Rail Corporation, a unit of GATX Corporation.
In 2004, the company sold its technology-leasing unit to CIT Group for about $200 million in cash.
In September 2013, the company sold its 37.5% interest in AAE Ahaus Alstätter Eisenbahn Cargo AG to its partner, AAE Ahaus Alstätter Eisenbahn, for €84.5 million.
In March 2014, the company acquired the North American per diem boxcar fleet of GE Capital Rail Services, consisting of more than 18,500 boxcars.
In November 2018, the company announced an agreement to acquire up to 3,100 railcars from ECN Capital for up to $229 million.
In May 2020, the company sold American Steamship Company, its dry bulk vessel business, to Rand Logistics for $260 million.
In December 2020, the company acquired Trifleet Leasing Holding B.V., the fourth largest global tank container lessor.

## Reporting marks

GATX's primary freight car reporting marks are:
* GATX (for tank cars)
* GACX (for general-service freight cars)
* GGPX (for coal cars)
* GIMX (for intermodal cars)
* GPLX (for plastic pellet cars)
* GMTX and LLPX (for locomotives)
* GPFX (for pressure-differential cars)
GATX also owns other marks including CGTX, GABX, GAEX, GCCX, GFSX, GOHX, GSCX, IPSX, and TRIX including for General American Marks Company and GATX Rail. Many GATX cars carry a large "GATX" logo in the upper corner of the cars regardless of the reporting mark they carry; this logo is applied for marketing reasons and does not have any operational significance.
# Useni

Useni is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jeremiah Useni (1943–2025), Nigerian army general and politician
* Mark Bako Useni (born 1970), Nigerian politician
* Nermin Useni (born 1980), Serbian-Kosovar Albanian football player
* Useni Eugene Perkins (1932–2023), American poet, playwright, activist, and youth worker
# 2009 European Parliament election in Luxembourg

The 2009 European Parliament election in Luxembourg was the election of the delegation from Luxembourg to the European Parliament in 2009. It was held on the same day as the elections to the national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies.

## Parties

The election was contested by the same eight parties that contested the simultaneous election to the Chamber. These included the seven parties that ran in the 2004 election: Christian Social People's Party (CSV), Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP), the Greens, the Democratic Party (DP), the Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR), the Left, and the Communist Party (KPL). The addition for the 2009 election is the Citizens' List, which was led by current independent deputy Aly Jaerling.
| List # | Party | European Party | Current seats |
| 1 | Communist Party (KPL) | | 0 |
| 2 | Greens | European Green Party | 1 |
| 3 | Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR) | Alliance for Europe of the Nations | 0 |
| 4 | Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) | Party of European Socialists | 1 |
| 5 | Democratic Party (DP) | Liberal Democrat and Reform Party | 1 |
| 6 | The Left | European Left | 0 |
| 7 | Christian Social People's Party (CSV) | European People's Party | 3 |
| 8 | Citizens' List | | 0 |

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Christian Social People's Party | 353,094 | 31.36 | 3 | 0 |
| | Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party | 219,349 | 19.48 | 1 | 0 |
| | Democratic Party | 210,107 | 18.66 | 1 | 0 |
| | The Greens | 189,523 | 16.83 | 1 | 0 |
| | Alternative Democratic Reform Party | 83,168 | 7.39 | 0 | 0 |
| | The Left | 37,929 | 3.37 | 0 | 0 |
| | Communist Party of Luxembourg | 17,304 | 1.54 | 0 | 0 |
| | Citizens' List | 15,558 | 1.38 | 0 | New |
| Total | Total | 1,126,032 | 100.00 | 6 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 198,364 | 90.82 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 20,059 | 9.18 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 218,423 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 240,669 | 90.76 | | |
| Source: Public.lu ||||||
# Théophile de Donder

Théophile Ernest de Donder (French:; 19 August 1872 – 11 May 1957) was a Belgian mathematician, physicist and chemist famous for his work (published in 1923) in developing correlations between the Newtonian concept of chemical affinity and the Gibbsian concept of free energy.

## Education

He received his doctorate in physics and mathematics from the Université Libre de Bruxelles in 1899, for a thesis entitled Sur la Théorie des Invariants Intégraux (On the Theory of Integral Invariants).

## Career

He was professor between 1911 and 1942, at the Université Libre de Bruxelles. Initially he continued the work of Henri Poincaré and Élie Cartan. From 1914 on, he was influenced by the work of Albert Einstein and was an enthusiastic proponent of the theory of relativity. He gained significant reputation in 1923, when he developed his definition of chemical affinity. He pointed out a connection between the chemical affinity and the Gibbs free energy.
He is considered the father of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. De Donder's work was later developed further by Ilya Prigogine. De Donder was an associate and friend of Albert Einstein. He was in 1927, one of the participants of the fifth Solvay Conference on Physics, that took place at the International Solvay Institute for Physics in Belgium.

## Books by De Donder

* Thermodynamic Theory of Affinity: A Book of Principles. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press (1936)
* The Mathematical Theory of Relativity. Cambridge, MA: MIT (1927)
* Sur la théorie des invariants intégraux (thesis) (1899).
* Théorie du champ électromagnétique de Maxwell-Lorentz et du champ gravifique d'Einstein (1917)
* La gravifique Einsteinienne (1921)
* Introduction à la gravifique einsteinienne (1925)
* Théorie mathématique de l'électricité (1925)
* Théorie des champs gravifiques (1926)
* Application de la gravifique einsteinienne (1930)
* Théorie invariantive du calcul des variations (1931)
# Loudspeaker (disambiguation)

A loudspeaker is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical signal into sound.
Loudspeaker may refer to:
* A public address system
* The Loudspeaker, a 1934 American film directed by Joseph Santley
* Loudspeaker (album), a 2006 instrumental album by the guitarist Marty Friedman
* Loudspeakers (band), a Georgian rock band
* Loudspeaker (2009 film), a 2009 Indian Malayalam film directed by Jayaraj starring Mammootty
* Loudspeaker (2018 film), a 2018 Indian Kannada film
# Musée national Gustave Moreau

The Musée national Gustave Moreau (French pronunciation:; transl. "National Gustave Moreau Museum") is an art museum dedicated to the works of Symbolist painter Gustave Moreau (1826–1898). It is located in the 9th arrondissement of Paris at 14, rue de la Rochefoucauld, Paris, France.
The museum was originally Moreau's dwelling, transformed by his 1895 decision into a studio and museum of his work with his apartment remaining on the first floor. Today the museum contains Moreau's drawings, paintings, watercolors, and sculptures.

## Description

The building has three floors. Of the six small rooms on the ground floor overlooking a garden, four rooms are decorated with drawings and sketches of which are dedicated to the Italian masters. The first floor apartment (one dining room, one bedroom, a den and a hallway and an office-library) reminds the gallery patrons of its original purpose as the dwelling place of the Moreau family. The second floor has a large studio-room and the third floor has two rooms of a larger format. The collection consists of around 1200 paintings (mostly sketches or unfinished), pastels or watercolors and 4830 drawings kept in cabinets and cupboards with pivoting shutters and wholesale inventory numbers, drawn by Moreau himself, with nearly 5000 drawings (7800 aside).
Among the exhibits: The Apparition (c.1875), Jupiter and Semele (1895), Chimera (1884), and The Return of the Argonauts (1891–97).

## Visiting

The nearest métro stations are Saint-Georges and Trinité – d'Estienne d'Orves. The Museum is open daily except Tuesday; an admission fee (€7.5 as of May 2010) is charged.
# Battle of Odelltown

The Battle of Odelltown was fought on November 9, 1838, between Loyal volunteer forces under Lewis Odell and Charles McAllister and Patriote rebels under Robert Nelson, Médard Hébert and Charles Hindelang. The rebels were defeated in this battle, one of the last of the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1838.
# Madison Central High School (New Jersey)

Madison Central High School is a defunct public high school in Old Bridge Township, in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, that opened in 1962 and closed in June 1994.
Increasing numbers of students from Old Bridge attending Matawan High School led to double sessions in the 1960-61 school year, with the prospect of triple sessions being necessary as the growing number of students being sent from Old Bridge could swell enrollment even further beyond capacity. The school opened in 1962 as Madison Township High School, serving freshman and sophomores, while those in their junior and senior years continued to attend East Brunswick High School, Keyport High School, Matawan High School or South River High School as part of sending/receiving relationships. Cedar Ridge High School opened in 1968 to help alleviate overcrowding at Madison Central. Old Bridge High School opened in September 1994 and was formed from the merger of Cedar Ridge and Madison Central, which were the two existing high schools in Old Bridge Township.
The school had an enrollment of 1,210 in the 1990-1991 school year, slightly larger than the student body at Cedar Ridge.

## Athletics

The football team won the Central Jersey Group IV state sectional championship in 1973, 1987 and 1988. The team had a perfect 11-0 season in 1973, winning the Central Jersey Group IV state sectional championship. The team finished the 1988 season with an 11-0 record and was ranked 11th in the nation by USA Today after winning the Central Jersey Group IV sectional title with a 20-6 win against Middletown High School South in the championship game.
The wrestling team won the Group IV state championship in 1990.

## Notable alumni

* Steve Corodemus (born 1952, class of 1970), politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1992–2008, where he represented the 11th Legislative District.
* Fabian Nicieza (born 1961, class of 1979), writer and co-creator of Deadpool for Marvel Comics.
* Mark Schlissel (born 1957), president of the University of Michigan from 2014 to 2022.
# Bust a Nut

Bust a Nut is the fourth studio album by American hard rock band Tesla, released in 1994. It was their final studio album on Geffen Records. The first single was "Mama's Fool," followed by "Need Your Loving" and "A Lot To Lose." The album was certified gold by RIAA on March 16, 1995.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B |
In November 2011, Bust a Nut was ranked number ten (preceded by R.E.M.'s Monster) on Guitar World magazine's top ten list of guitar albums of 1994.

## Personnel

* Jeff Keith: Lead Vocals
* Frank Hannon: Acoustic & Electric Guitars, Keyboards, Backing Vocals
* Tommy Skeoch: Acoustic & Electric Guitars, Backing Vocals
* Brian Wheat: Bass, Backing Vocals
* Troy Luccketta: Drums, Percussion

## Production

* Produced By Terry Thomas
* Engineered By Rafe McKenna & Andrew Scarth
* Assistant Engineer: Richard Duarte
* Mixing: Rafe McKenna & Terry Thomas
* Mastering: George Marino

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 37 |
| Finnish Albums (The Official Finnish Charts) | 33 |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 31 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 43 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 51 |
| US Billboard 200 | 20 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# China: The Panda Adventure

China: The Panda Adventure is a 2001 film directed by Robert M. Young and based on the true story of the expedition of Ruth Harkness, who brought the first live giant panda to the United States. It stars Maria Bello and Yu Xia.

## Plot

Set in 1936 China, Ruth Harkness has come to settle the affairs of her husband, Bill, who died while observing the rare and unstudied panda bear. His journal describes the panda as shy and docile, while great white hunter Dak Johnson describes them as ferocious beasts. This intrigues her, and she sets off to retrace Bill's steps and save the pandas from Johnson. She encounters many obstacles, both natural and created by Johnson.

## Cast

* Maria Bello as Ruth Harkness
* Yu Xia as Quentin Young
* Xander Berkeley as Dakar Johnston
* Paul Pape as Bill Harkness
* Bill Hayes as Narrator
# 1989 Singaporean presidential election

Indirect Presidential elections were held in Singapore on 31 August 1989.
During the election, 69 members of Parliament were present and 13 members were absent. Wee Kim Wee was re-elected by the Parliament of Singapore. Wee was sworn in for his second term as president on 2 September 1989.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Wee Kim Wee | Independent | 69 | 100.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 69 | 100.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 69 | – |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 82 | 84.15 |
# 2024 Australian Open – Wheelchair quad singles

Two-time defending champion Sam Schröder defeated Guy Sasson in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the quad singles wheelchair tennis title at the 2024 Australian Open. It was his third Australian Open singles title and sixth major singles title overall.

## Seeds

* Niels Vink (semifinals)
* Sam Schröder (champion)
* David Wagner (first round)
* Guy Sasson (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Niels Vink | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ahmet Kaplan | 0 | 1 | 1 | N Vink | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Gregory Slade | 3 | 6$^3$ | | F Cayulef | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Francisco Cayulef | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | 1 | N Vink | 6 | 3 | 1 | | | | |
| 4 | Guy Sasson | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 4 | G Sasson | 4 | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | Ali Ataman | 0 | 1 | 4 | G Sasson | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Finn Broadbent | 1 | 0 | | R Shaw | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Robert Shaw | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | G Sasson | 3 | 3 |
| | Tomáš Masaryk | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | S Schröder | 6 | 6 |
| | Heath Davidson | 6 | 6 | | H Davidson | 6 | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Donald Ramphadi | 6 | 6 | | D Ramphadi | 1 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | David Wagner | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | D Ramphadi | 1 | 1 | | | | | |
| | Diego Pérez | 4 | 6$^1$ | | | | | | 2 | S Schröder | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | Andy Lapthorne | 6 | 7$^7$ | | A Lapthorne | 1 | 0 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ymanitu Silva | 1 | 0 | 2 | S Schröder | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Sam Schröder | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# DREAD (risk assessment model)

DREAD is part of a system for risk-assessing computer security threats that was formerly used at Microsoft. It provides a mnemonic for risk rating security threats using five categories.

## Categories

The categories are:
* Damage – how bad would an attack be?
* Reproducibility – how easy is it to reproduce the attack?
* Exploitability – how much work is it to launch the attack?
* Affected users – how many people will be impacted?
* Discoverability – how easy is it to discover the threat?
The DREAD name comes from the initials of the five categories listed. It was initially proposed for threat modeling but was abandoned when it was discovered that the ratings are not very consistent and are subject to debate. It was discontinued at Microsoft by 2008.
When a given threat is assessed using DREAD, each category is given a rating from 1 to 10. The sum of all ratings for a given issue can be used to prioritize among different issues.

## Discoverability debate

Some security experts feel that including the "Discoverability" element as the last D rewards security through obscurity, so some organizations have either moved to a DREAD-D "DREAD minus D" scale (which omits Discoverability) or always assume that Discoverability is at its maximum rating.
# Pseudomys

Pseudomys is a genus of rodent that contains a wide variety of mice native to Australia and New Guinea. They are among the few terrestrial placental mammals that colonised Australia without human intervention.

## Natural history

This genus contains a number of species with different habits making generalisation difficult. The overall body size varies widely, ranging from 60 to 160 mm. The tail is 60–180 mm and the weight is recorded from 12 to 90 g. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats from rainforests to plains and grasslands. The animals are nocturnal and spend the day in burrows. Food also varies with some species eating seeds, roots and insects while others feed primarily on grasses. The pebble-mound mice are unique in creating mounds of stones around their burrows. Several species of Pseudomys are threatened due to competition with introduced species and habitat destruction. Several others are probably extinct.

## Etymology

The name Pseudomys means "false mouse" presumably in reference to both its similarity and uniqueness from "true mice" in the genus Mus.

## Species

Genus Pseudomys - Australian native mice
* Ash-grey mouse, Pseudomys albocinereus
* Silky mouse, Pseudomys apodemoides
* Plains rat, Pseudomys australis
* Bolam's mouse, Pseudomys bolami
* Kakadu pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys calabyi
* Western pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys chapmani
* Little native mouse, Pseudomys delicatulus
* Desert mouse, Pseudomys desertor
* Smoky mouse, Pseudomys fumeus
* Blue-gray mouse, Pseudomys glaucus †
* Gould's mouse, Pseudomys gouldii
** The Shark Bay mouse was previously described as a separate species Pseudomys fieldi, but is now considered conspecific with P. gouldii
* Eastern chestnut mouse, Pseudomys gracilicaudatus
* Sandy inland mouse, Pseudomys hermannsburgensis
* Long-tailed mouse, Pseudomys higginsi
* Central pebble-mound mouse, Pseudomys johnsoni
** The Kimberley mouse was previously described as a separate species Pseudomys laborifex, but is now considered conspecific with Pseudomys johnsoni
* Western chestnut mouse, Pseudomys nanus
* New Holland mouse, Pseudomys novaehollandiae
* Western mouse, Pseudomys occidentalis
* Hastings River mouse, Pseudomys oralis
* Country mouse, Pseudomys patrius
* Pilliga mouse, Pseudomys pilligaensis
* Heath mouse, Pseudomys shortridgei
* Pseudomys vandycki † (Late Pliocene of Australia)