OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Palmar (1866)

vteParaguayan War :
Mato Grosso campaign
Marquês de Olinda
1st Corumbá
Fort Novo de Coimbra
Feio River
Dourados
Anhambaí
Coxim
Laguna
Apa River
2nd Corumbá
Alegre
Corrientes campaign
Corrientes
San Lorenzo River
Rio Grande do Sul
São Borja
Butuí
Uruguaiana
Riachuelo
Paso de Mercedes
Paso de Cuevas
Yatay
Pehuajó
Jaguarí
Humaitá campaign
Purutué Bank
Paso de Patria
Laguna Sirena
Itapirú
Estero Bellaco
Paso Cidra
1st Tuyutí
Yataytí Corá
Boquerón
Sauce
Palmar
Curuzú
Curupayty
Arroyo Hondo
Hacienda Laguna
Tuyú Cué
1st Passage of Curupayty
Pilar
Ombú
Estero Rojas
Perecué
Tatayibá
Potrero Obella
Humaitá
Passage
2nd Tuyutí
Paso Ipohy
2nd Passage of Curupayty
Laguna Cierva
Cabral and Lima Barros
1st Iasuií
2nd Iasuií
Poí Island
Barroso and Rio Grande
Acayuazá
Fortín Island
Pikysyry campaign
Yacaré
Paso de Tebicuarí
Surubí
Pikysyry
Dezembrada
Ytororó
Avay
Lomas Valentinas
Angostura
San Fernando
Asunción
Cordilleras campaign
Manduvirá River
Concepción
Ybytimí
Tupí-hú
Sapukái
Diarte
Piribebuy
Acosta Ñu
Piribebuy River
Hondo River
Itapytangua
Tacuaty
Curuguaty
Hucuratí
Loma Rugua
Caguijuru–Caraguataí
Iguatemi
Río Verde
Cambaceguá
Lomaruguá
Cerro Corá
Miranda :
The Battle of Palmar was a confrontation of the Paraguayan War between a squad of the Brazilian Armada and army troops against a group of Paraguayan soldiers on the Paraguay River, fought on September 2, 1866 and which resulted in victory for the allies.

## The Battle

Palmar was an island in the Paraguay River near the blockade station of the Brazilian fleet. On September 1, 1866, the 2nd Army Corps commanded by the Baron of Porto Alegre embarked on squadron ships to disembark close to the defensive lines of Curuzú. At dawn the next day, the battleship Tamandaré, the warships Forte de Coimbra and Pedro Afonso, three flatboats and the wooden ships Araguaia, Beberibe, Greenhalg, Ivaí, Ipiranga, Araguari and Parnaíba started a heavy bombardment of the island and its surroundings, sweeping the defenders Paraguayans who were there. At 3 pm troops from Porto Alegre disembarked on the island and started a fight with the remnants of the defenders losing 70 men, but they were successful in disembarking.
# Lumen fidei

Lumen fidei (The Light of Faith) is the first encyclical of Pope Francis, issued on 29 June 2013, the Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul, and published on 5 July 2013, less than four months after his election to the papacy. It was issued in conjunction with the Year of Faith proclaimed by Pope Benedict XVI to be observed from October 2012 to November 2013. It was the first encyclical in the history of the Catholic Church written by two popes, being begun by Pope Benedict XVI and finished by Pope Francis.

## Subject

According to Francis X. Rocca, "Pope Francis' first encyclical, 'Lumen Fidei' ("The Light of Faith"), is a celebration of Christian faith as the guiding light of a 'successful and fruitful life', inspiring social action as well as devotion to God, and illuminating 'every aspect of human existence', including philosophy and the natural sciences."
The encyclical focuses on faith and completes what his predecessor Pope Benedict XVI had previously written about charity and hope, the other two theological virtues, in his encyclicals Deus caritas est and Spe Salvi. Francis worked from a first draft completed by Benedict before his resignation and makes the authorship clear: "These considerations on faith – in continuity with all that the Church's magisterium has pronounced on this theological virtue – are meant to supplement what Benedict XVI had written in his encyclical letters on charity and hope. He himself had almost completed a first draft of an encyclical on faith. For this I am deeply grateful to him, and as his brother in Christ I have taken up his fine work and added a few contributions of my own."
It is divided into four chapters, with an introduction and a conclusion. The encyclical traces the history of the faith of the Church (from the call of God to Abraham and the people of Israel, to the resurrection of Jesus), discusses the relationship between reason and faith, the Church's role in the transmission of the faith, and the role faith plays in the building of societies in search of the common good. The text concludes with a prayer to the Virgin Mary, who is presented as a model of faith.

## Content

The metaphor of life as a journey has been used by Pope Francis before, notably in his address to the bishops of Brazil in July 2013. In Lumen fidei, he observes that faith was formerly viewed as a light that dispels the darkness and illuminates the way, but later came to be "understood either as a leap in the dark, to be taken in the absence of light, driven by blind emotion, or as a subjective light, capable perhaps of warming the heart and bringing personal consolation, but not something which could be proposed to others as an objective and shared light which points the way." Part of the purpose of the encyclical is to restore the light of faith to an understanding of its place in the common journey of mankind.
# 1893 Wellington City mayoral election

The 1893 Wellington City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year to decide who would take the office of Mayor of Wellington for the following year.

## Background

The incumbent mayor Francis Bell did not stand for a third term and retired. In an open race there were two nominations. Former city councillor Alfred Brandon and sitting councillor Charles Frederick Worth (who had contested the mayoralty twice previously) were nominated. It was held a day before the 1893 general election which completely overshadowed the mayoral election.

## Election results

The following table gives the election results:
1893 Wellington mayoral election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Alfred Brandon | 1,194 | 66.59 | |
| | Independent | Charles Worth | 595 | 33.18 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 4 | 0.22 | −0.03 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 599 | 33.40 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,793 | | |
# PNLD

The PNLD (Police National Legal Database) is a British online police information resource of criminal justice legislation accessible online. The organisation is managed by the West Yorkshire Police and its database contains Acts of Parliament, Common Law, Regulations, Orders and Byelaws, Case Summaries and the National Standard Offence Wordings and Codes that are used in the court system of England and Wales.
PNLD is funded through subscriptions from the 43 home office police forces in England and Wales, the British Transport Police, the Crown Prosecution Service, the Independent Office for Police Conduct, and His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service.

## Background

PNLD was developed using the criminal law notes used by the Detective Training Wing of the West Yorkshire Police. By 1994, it was transitioned to a computer database that could be more easily updated as case law and national standard offence wordings changed. The resource was initially rolled out to nineteen forces, before gaining accreditation as a Home Office product under the umbrella of PITO (Police Information Technology Organization). By 2001, all 43 Home Office police forces used it.
In 2004, an internet version of the PNLD became available on subscription via PDMS Limited. Beginning in 2005, PNLD has run an annual Criminal Law conference. Previous conferences have been hosted at Police Mutual HQ and sponsored by Oxford University Press.
In 2014, PNLD developed a free online resource for victims and witnesses with the Police and Crime Commissioner for West Yorkshire. The website launched in October 2014 with the support of Baroness Helen Newlove, the then Victims’ Commissioner for England and Wales. The website contained 400 Q&As on how victims and witnesses should be treated within the criminal justice system under the Victims’ Code and the Witness Charter, with links to national supporting organisations. This site is no longer available nationally. PNLD launched a Motoring & The Law app in November 2015 with the support of the Cabinet Office. The content is now included within the legal database.
PNLD's legal team have authored and contributed to OUP's Blackstone's Handbooks: Police Operational Handbook: Law and Blackstone's Counter-Terrorism Handbook. Other publications include Blackstone's Handbook of Ports and Border Security and Blackstone's Handbook of Cyber Crime Investigation.
In addition to the police, other users include the Trading Standards service, Ofcom, the NHS, and colleges and universities.
# Nicholas Ma

Nicholas Ma (born circa 1983) is a film director and producer who is best known for producing the 2018 award-winning documentary Won't You Be My Neighbor?.
He was born around 1983 to Yo-Yo Ma and Jill Hornor. He has one sibling, Emily Ma who was born around 1985. Nicholas Ma attended Harvard University and graduated in 2005. He went on to work at the McKinsey & Company at both their New York City and Shanghai locations. He also worked with Senator John Kerry on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee focusing on global economic policy. In 2013, he left McKinsey & Company. He later went back to school and attended New York University Tisch School of the Arts and received a Master of Fine Arts in Film & Television in 2017. Ma, alongside Morgan Neville and Caryn Capotosto, produced Morgan Neville's 2018 award-winning documentary Won't You Be My Neighbor?. Ma and Neville had interacted before on Neville's 2015 documentary The Music of Strangers, which was about the Silk Road Ensemble formed by Ma's father.
In 2019, Ma's 15 minute documentary short SUITE NO. 1, PRELUDE was shown at DOCNYC, which focused on his father's re-recording of the first cello piece he learned. Also in 2019, Ma's first feature film Mabel won the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation award of $100,000 and was also supported by the Tribeca Film Institutes' Sloan Filmmaker Fund. Mabel focuses on a young child's friendship with a potted plant and her teacher who introduced her to botany. Mabel was co-written with Joy Goodwin. Actors such as Christine Ko, Judy Greer, and Lexi Perkel are all slated to star in Mabel. In 2022, Ma worked with Alison Klayman on the documentary Unfinished Business, which focused on the New York Liberty women's basketball team and the WNBA. Unfinished Business was shown at the 2022 Tribeca Film Festival.
# Chaïm Nissim

Chaïm Nissim (21 November 1949 – 11 April 2017) was an Israeli born militant ecological activist, and a Green Party of Switzerland politician. He was the perpetrator of a rocket attack on the Superphénix nuclear plant, on 18 January 1982.

## Biography

Chaïm Nissim was born in Jerusalem in 1949. He was raised and studied in Israel up to the age of 14, when his father was appointed director of an Israeli bank and his family moved to Geneva, Switzerland. Nissim obtained a degree in electronical and computer engineering at the EPFL in 1973.

### Activist background and attack on Superphénix

For ten years, Nissim, believing that fast breeder reactor "can explode with their fast neutrons", did everything he could to stop the construction of the Superphénix nuclear plant, including training himself for underground guerilla, notably sabotaging electricity pylons with explosives.
On 18 January 1982, Nissim fired five rockets on the Superphénix nuclear plant, then under construction. Five rocket-propelled grenades were launched at the incomplete containment building – two hit and caused damage, missing the reactor's empty core.
The weapon, a RPG-7, was obtained from the Red Army Faction through Carlos the Jackal and the Belgian Communist Combatant Cells.
Nissim states that:
   I know that it might sound odd to consider rockets as a non-violent mean of action. However, we took every imaginable precaution to be certain that no worker was at risk of being hit, therefore we committed a non-violent attack.
However, the plant manager disagreed with the previous statement, saying that the twenty workers on site were put in danger and that one rocket landed 20 meters away from a worker.
Nissim further stated:
   These attacks were part of a general movement in which each little piece had its importance. People fired rockets, myself for instance. We had found a bazooka by German terrorists and we fired it. We failed, as the closest rocket missed the important part that we targeted by one metre. It was nevertheless quite beautiful. And, symbolically, it was a token contribution to the larger movement.

### Political career

In 1985, Chaïm Nissim was elected member of the Grand Council of Geneva, under the aegis of the Green Party of Switzerland. He held the position until 2001.
On 8 May 2003, Nissim went public about the rocket attack of 1982, publishing a book on the subject and his connections to terrorist groups.
Nissim supported the association NOÉ21, a think tank on energy policies.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1879

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1879 was unanimously adopted on 23 July 2009.

## Resolution

The Security Council today extended through January 2010 the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN), noting Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon's assessment that the operation would be well placed to assist in the management of arms and armed personnel in line with the 25 June 2008 Agreement between political parties in the South Asian country.
Unanimously adopting resolution 1879 (2009), in line with a request from the Government of Nepal and with the Secretary-General's recommendations, the Council renewed the mandate through 23 January. Welcoming the progress achieved so far, the Council called on all political parties in Nepal to expedite the peace process and to work together in a spirit of “cooperation, consensus and compromise to continue the transition to a durable long-term solution to enable the country to move to a peaceful, democratic and more prosperous future”.
The Council requested the Secretary-General to report, by 30 October 2009, on implementation of the present resolution and progress in creating conditions conducive to the completion of UNMIN's activities by the end of the current mandate, including implementation of commitments made in the Nepalese Government's letter of 7 July 2009 (document S/2009/360).
Further, the Council called on the Government to continue to take the necessary decisions to create conditions conducive to completion of UNMIN's activities by the end of the current mandate, including through implementation of the 25 June 2008 Agreement, in order to facilitate the Mission's withdrawal.
Concerned by recent developments in the country, the Council encouraged “renewed and sustained efforts to create a unified approach” among Nepal's political parties, including through the proposed high-level consultative mechanism as a forum for discussion on critical peace process issues. It also called on the Government and all political parties to work together to ensure the early reconstitution and effective working of the Special Committee for the supervision, integration and rehabilitation of Maoist army personnel, drawing upon the support of the Technical Committee established on 27 March 2009 to develop guidelines for bringing those personnel under the Special Committee's supervision.
# 1894 Edinburgh Corporation election

An Election to the Edinburgh Corporation was held on 6 November 1894, alongside municipal elections across Scotland, and the wider British local elections. Elections took place in 5 of the cities 13 wards, with candidates in the remaining 8 being returned unopposed. A candidate, Thomas Blake, had intended to run against incumbent Lord Provost James Russell in St Cuthbert's Ward; however, due to a mistake at the nomination, Blake could not be accepted as a candidate.
Following the election the balance of power on the Corporation remained unchanged, divided between 21 Unionists and 20 Liberals. The composition, combined with a number of Liberals pledging to oppose the re-election of the Liberal Lord Provost James Russell, saw Russell replaced as Lord Provost with the Unionist candidate; Sir Andrew McDonald.
Turnout in the contested wards was 12,145 out of a total electorate of 18,741 (64.80%).

## Aggregate results

Edinburgh Corporation election, 1894 (Contested seats) :
| Party | Seats | Votes % | Votes |
| Liberal | 3 | 52.93 | 6,428 |
| Unionist | 2 | 44.46 | 5,400 |
| SSF | 0 | 2.17 | 263 |
| Independent | 0 | 0.44 | 54 |

## Ward Results

Calton 1 seat Electorate: 4929 Spoiled votes: 11 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | R. A. Douglas | 1.822 |
| | Unionist | Daniel Crerat | 1,436 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 386 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,258 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing |
Broughton 1 seat Electorate: 2367 Spoiled votes: 2 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Unionist | Councillor Hunter | 648 | 50.86 |
| | Liberal | W. K. Rose | 626 | 49.14 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 22 | 1.72 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,274 | 53.82 |
| | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | |
St. Georges 1 seat Electorate: 4088 Spoiled votes: 9 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Councillor Scott | 1,515 |
| | Unionist | J. W. Mackie | 1,164 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 351 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,679 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing |
St. Giles 1 seat Electorate: 2861 Spoiled votes: 7 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | Councillor Mitchell | 1,055 | 56.45 |
| | Unionist | Duncan McLaren | 497 | 26.59 |
| | SSF | James Connolly | 263 | 14.07 |
| | Independent | James Gardiner | 54 | 2.89 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 558 | 29.86 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,869 | 65.33 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | |
George Square 1 seat Electorate: 4496 Spoiled votes: 16 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Unionist | Councillor Forbes MacKay | 1,655 | 54.00 |
| | Liberal | Peter Whyte | 1,410 | 46.00 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 245 | 8.00 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,065 | 68.17 |
| | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | |
St Cuthbert's 1 seat :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Lord Provost James Russell | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
# Amer Al-Fadhel

Amer Maatouq Al Fadhel (Arabic: عامر معتوق الفضل, born 21 April 1988) is a former Kuwaiti professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Kuwaiti Premier League club Al Qadsia.
# Mount Anthony Union High School

Mount Anthony Union High School is the public high school serving Bennington, Vermont, as well as the towns of Shaftsbury, Woodford, and Pownal, Glastenbury, and Bennington County.
As of the 2023-2024 academic year, the school has about 1,200 students enrolled in grades 9-12 and has a faculty of nearly 130.
It is easily accessible from US Route 7, VT Route 279, and the Green Mountain Express Red Line bus.
Mount Anthony is the third-largest school in the state of Vermont. The average graduation rate is eighty-five percent. The school yearbook is officially known as the Patriot Ledger, and the school newsletter is called Mount Anthony Connections. Additionally, the school runs a bi-weekly sports newsletter, The Patriot Press, which reports on the school's athletic teams.
The sports teams in their athletic program are collectively known as the Patriots. Led by head coach Brian Coon, the Patriots wrestling team holds the national record for most consecutive state titles won as of 2023 (34). Under the guidance of 1st year head coaches Frank Gaudette and Corey Greene, MT. Anthony won their 34th consecutive title, which is the longest current state championship streak in the country in wrestling.
The Mount Anthony Football team is also very successful being state champion runner-ups in the 1986–1987, 1992–1993 and 2021-2022 season and state champions in the 1974-1975, 1994–1995 and 2022-2023 seasons. The Patriots won the state championship in Division II by defeating Bellows Falls in double overtime. As of 11/6/2021 they play in Division II in the state of Vermont. They host home games at Spinelli Field.
The Southwest Tech campus is housed on the school's campus.

## Notable alumni

* Nicole Levesque, former Charlotte Sting (WNBA) guard
# Lorenzo Chierici

Lorenzo "Renzo" Chierici (11 January 1895 – 19 November 1943) was an Italian Fascist official, prefect and soldier, who served as Commander of the Forestry Militia from December 1941 to April 1943 and Chief of the Italian Police from April to July 1943.

## Biography

Chierici was born in Reggio Emilia and studied law. During the First World War he enlisted in the Royal Italian Army as a volunteer, reaching the rank of captain by 1918; after the end of the war he was among Gabriele D’Annunzio’s legionnaires who occupied Fiume in 1920, and in the same year he joined the National Fascist Party.
He quickly rose through the ranks of the Voluntary Militia for National Security, becoming console (Colonel) by 1926, when he was transferred to the Forestry Militia and subsequently promoted to console generale (brigadier-general). In 1929 he became federal secretary of the PNF of Ferrara. From July 1935 to August 1939 he served as Prefect of Pescara, and in 1939 he was appointed prefect of the Province of Pola, remaining in office until December 1941. On 5 December 1941 he was appointed commander of the Forestry Militia with the rank of luogotenente generale (Major General).
On 14 April 1943 he was appointed by Benito Mussolini as Chief of the Police, replacing Carmine Senise, but after Mussolini's removal from power on 25 July 1943 he had to relinquish the post to his predecessor. Before the coup, Chierici had warned Mussolini that the members of the Grand Council of Fascism were preparing to vote a motion of no confidence against him, but after Mussolini's arrest he ordered his men to participate in the repression of unrest caused by Fascist loyalists in Rome. Chierici was then reinstated by the new prime minister Pietro Badoglio to the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Royal Italian Army, and given command of an Alpini battalion in South Tyrol.
After the Armistice of Cassibile Chierici was arrested in Rome by the Nazis and handed him over to the authorities of the Italian Social Republic. Considered a traitor, he was repeatedly tortured and died in prison in unclear circumstances; according to most sources he was murdered in his cell, possibly in order to prevent him from testifying at the Verona Trial about the events of 25 July 1943.