OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# (19308) 1996 TO66

(19308) 1996 TO$_{66}$ (provisional designation 1996 TO$_{66}$) is a trans-Neptunian object that was discovered in 1996 by Chadwick Trujillo, David Jewitt and Jane Luu. Until 20000 Varuna was discovered, it was the second-largest known object in the Kuiper belt, after Pluto.

## Origin

Based on their common pattern of IR water-ice absorptions, neutral visible spectrum and the clustering of their orbital elements, the other KBOs (24835) 1995 SM55, (55636) 2002 TX300, (120178) 2003 OP32 and (145453) 2005 RR43 all appear to be collisional fragments broken off of the dwarf planet Haumea.

## Orbit

The eccentricity of 1996 TO$_{66}$ varies between ca. 0.110 and 0.125 every 2 million years, with additional variations on the order of ± 0.01 on much shorter time scales. It is in an intermittent 19:11 resonance with Neptune. The resonance breaks every 2 million years when the eccentricity is highest and the orbit is closest to Neptune.
# 1893 in India

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1893 in India.

## Incumbents

* Empress of India – Queen Victoria
* Viceroy of India – Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
* President of Theosophical Society – Annie Besant

## Events

* National income - ₹5,307 million
* 11 September – Swami Vivekananda represented Hinduism at the Parliament of the World's Religions (1893).

## Law

* Partition Act

## Births

* 5 January – Paramahansa Yogananda, yogi and guru (d.1952).
* 26 March – Dhirendra Nath Ganguly, film entrepreneur, actor and director (d.1978).
* 25 June – Zamin Ali, educator and author (d.1955).

### Full date unknown

* K. C. Dey, actor (d.1962).
# Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative

The voiceless retroflex lateral fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The 'implicit' IPA letter for this sound, ⟨ꞎ⟩, is overtly supported by the extIPA.
Some scholars posit a voiceless retroflex lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as ⟨ɭ̊ ⟩.

## Features

Features of the voiceless retroflex lateral fricative:
* Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
* Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated subapical (with the tip of the tongue curled up), but more generally, it means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized. That is, besides the prototypical subapical articulation, the tongue can be apical (pointed) or, in some fricatives, laminal (flat).
* Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
* It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
* It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
* Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

## Occurrence

| Family | Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
| New Caledonian | Iaai | | | | Described as an approximant. Contrasts with /ɭ/. |
| Dravidian | Toda | [paꞎ ] | [paꞎ ] | 'valley' | Described as an approximant. Contrasts with /ɭ/ (as in /paɭ/ 'bangle'). |
# Battle of Blue Springs

The Battle of Blue Springs was a battle of the American Civil War, occurring on October 10, 1863, in Greene County, Tennessee.
Major General Ambrose E. Burnside, commander of the Department of the Ohio, undertook an expedition into East Tennessee to clear the roads and passes to Virginia, and, if possible, secure the saltworks beyond Abingdon. In October, Confederate brigadier general, John S. Williams, with his cavalry force, set out to disrupt Union communications and logistics. He wished to take Bulls Gap on the East Tennessee & Virginia Railroad. On October 3, while advancing on Bulls Gap, he fought with Brig. Gen. Samuel P. Carter's Union Cavalry Division, XXIII Corps, at Blue Springs, about nine miles from Bulls Gap, on the railroad. Carter, not knowing how many of the enemy he faced, withdrew.
Carter and Williams skirmished for the next few days. On October 10, Carter approached Blue Springs in force. Williams had received some reinforcements. The battle began about 10:00 a.m. with Union cavalry engaging the Confederates until the afternoon while another mounted force attempted to place itself in a position to cut off a Confederate retreat. Captain Orlando M. Poe, the chief engineer, performed a reconnaissance to identify the best location for making an infantry attack. At 3:30 pm, Brig. Gen. Edward Ferrero's 1st Division, IX Corps, moved up to attack, which they did at 5:00 p.m. Ferrero's men broke into the Confederate line, causing heavy casualties, and advanced almost to the enemy's rear before being checked. After dark, the Confederates withdrew and the Federals took up the pursuit in the morning. Within days, Williams and his men had retired to Virginia. Burnside had launched the East Tennessee campaign to reduce or extinguish Confederate influence in the area; Blue Springs helped fulfill that mission.
# Gabrielle Donnay

Gabrielle Donnay, née Hamburger (21 March 1920 – 4 April 1987), was a German-born American crystallographer and historian of science.

## Life

Gabrielle Donnay was born in Landeshut, Germany (now Kamienna Góra, Poland) on 21 March 1920 and emigrated to the United States in 1937. She received her B.A. from UCLA with highest honors in chemistry in 1941 and was awarded her Ph.D in 1949 from MIT. She was a postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins University from 1949-1950. In 1949, she met and married Joseph (Jose) Donnay, a professor of crystallography and mineralogy at Johns Hopkins University. In 1950, she joined the staff of the Geophysical Laboratory at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, where she worked until 1969. She had concurrent position at the U.S. Geological Survey from 1952-1955. She was a professor in crystallography at McGill University in Montreal from 1970 to 1981. She died on 4 April 1987 near Mont St-Hilaire, Quebec.

## Activities and Achievements

Her interest in tourmaline turned out to be a career long interest. Her paper, co-authored with M.J. Buerger, The Determination of the Crystal Structure of Tourmaline led to 13 more papers on the same topic, including a definitive 1977 paper on the structural mechanism of pyroelectricity in tourmaline.
She and her husband frequently collaborated and they published two editions of "Crystal Data" in 1954 and 1963 to compile the research of all crystallographers. Her area of expertise was in crystal chemistry and structural crystallography. She published more than 134 papers in her lifetime, almost half of which were collaborative projects with her husband.
Donnay published Laboratory Manual in Crystallography based on her classes at McGill University. She also published Women in the Geological Sciences in Canada in an effort correct the injustices that she experienced in the male-dominated field of geology. She was awarded the Past Presidents’ Medal of the Mineralogical Association of Canada in 1983. She was the first women named to the John Hopkins Society of Scholar. The mineral donnayite is named after her and Jose Donnay and the mineral species Gaidonnayite is named after her.
# MALS

Mals or MALS may refer to:
* Mals or Malles Venosta, a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy
* Mäls, a village of Liechtenstein
* Mals (unit), Korean units of volume
* Master of Arts in Liberal Studies, a degree program
* Medium-intensity Approach Lighting System, a landing aid for airport runways
* Miwatj Aboriginal Legal Service, now merged into the North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency
* Median arcuate ligament syndrome, an abnormal tightening of the median arcuate ligament under the diaphragm on the posterior abdominal wall
* Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System, a system to reduce ship's drag
* Multiangle light scattering, a technique for determining physical properties of molecules in solution
# Jim Bagby Jr.

James Charles Jacob Bagby Jr. (September 8, 1916 – September 2, 1988) was a starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox, Cleveland Indians, and Pittsburgh Pirates. He batted and threw right-handed. His father, Jim Sr., was also a major league pitcher who played with Cincinnati, Cleveland and Pittsburgh between 1912 and 1923.
A native of Cleveland, Ohio, Bagby played with the Red Sox (twice), Indians and Pirates in a span of ten years. He posted a 97–96 record with 431 strikeouts and a 3.96 ERA in 16661⁄3 innings pitched, including 84 complete games and 13 shutouts. He was the Indians pitcher in the July 17, 1941 game that ended Joe DiMaggio's famous 56-game hitting streak.
Bagby reached his career high of 17 wins in each of his All-Star seasons, in 1942 and 1943, and led the American League in starts both years with 35 and 33, respectively. After that, he served much of 1944 in the US Merchant Marine and never again won more than eight games in a regular season.
As a hitter, Bagby was a better-than-average hitting pitcher in the majors, posting a .226 batting average (140-for-620) with 59 runs, 3 home runs and 56 RBI. He was used as a pinch hitter 18 times in his career.
Following his baseball career, Bagby became a professional golf player. In 1992, he was inducted into the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame.
Bagby died in Marietta, Georgia.

## Facts

* The Bagbys became the first father-and-son combination to pitch in the World Series when Jim Jr. appeared for the 1946 Red Sox. Jim Sr. pitched with the 1920 Indians.
* Bagby is one of three pitchers in major league history to have three putouts in an inning. He did it in 1940, while playing for the Boston Red Sox. The others are Bob Heffner, also with the Red Sox, in 1963, and Rick Reuschel with the Chicago Cubs in 1975.
* Bagby, along with Al Smith, were the pitchers who ended Joe DiMaggio's 56-game hitting streak.
# Bozhou South railway station

Bozhou South railway station (Chinese: 亳州南站) is a railway station on the Shangqiu–Hangzhou high-speed railway in Qiaocheng District, Bozhou, Anhui, China. Opened on 1 December 2019, this is the second railway station in the built-up area of Qiaocheng District. Bozhou railway station offers conventional rail service.
| Preceding station | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | Following station |
| Lumiaotowards Shangqiu | | Shangqiu–Hangzhou high-speed railway | | Gucheng Easttowards Tonglu |
# Armor of God

The phrase "Armor of God" (Ancient Greek: πανοπλίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, panoplian tou Theou) is derived from Ephesians 6:11: "Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil." (King James Version). As a biblical reference, the metaphor may refer to physical armour worn by God in metaphorical battles, or it may refer to vigilant righteousness in general as bestowed by the grace of God (Romans 13:12, King James Version): "The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light."

## Pieces of armor

The following biblical texts in Ephesians chapter 6 mention six pieces of armor:
* helmet
* breastplate
* belt
* footwear
* shield
* sword
These pieces are described in Ephesians as follows:
helmet of salvation, breastplate of righteousness, belt/girdle of truth (loins girt with truth), shoes of peace (feet with the preparation of the gospel of peace), shield of faith and the sword of the spirit/word of God.
The helmet of Salvation and the breastplate of Righteousness also appear in Isaiah 59:17.
# Mon Dieu

"Mon Dieu" (My God in French) is a 1960 song by Édith Piaf. The lyrics are by Michel Vaucaire and the music is by Charles Dumont. Édith Piaf sang this song originally in French, but recorded it in English as well. The song has been sung by many other singers, such as Mireille Mathieu.

## Background

The French journalist Jean Noli tells in his book "Edith" (Stock, 1973) the story about this song written by Charles Dumont and Michel Vaucaire. The story behind is that Dumont for a long time had tried to make Piaf interested in his compositions, but she had turned him down. She considered his songs too mediocre. But that changed after he had offered her "Non, je ne regrette rien". In the middle of the night he was sent to Piaf's home. She wanted the Olympia-boss Bruno Coquatrix to listen to that song, and even Coquatrix was conquered. "Do you have another song?", Piaf asked Dumont. "Yes, he answered, but I don't know if it suits you." "I'll listen to you. At last we'll listen to you.", said Piaf.
He played it and sang the words. When he had finished there was a short silence."The music is very beautiful, but the text is completely impossible. What is the name of the song?", Piaf asked. "Toulon-Le Havre-Anvers", answered Dumont. "Grotesque", said Piaf. "Completely ridiculous and stupid. Who wrote this?" - "Michel Vaucaire". So in the middle of the night Piaf called Vaucaire and said that she wanted him to write a new text and bring it to her 17-o'clock next day. He arrived on time, gave a paper to Charles Dumont who played it and sang it.
When he was ready Piaf applauded, her face was radiant: The sailor song "Toulon-Le Havre-Anvers" had become "Mon Dieu".

## Cover versions

* Elaine Paige covered the song on her 1994 album Piaf. • Mireille Mathieu covered the song on her 1990 album Ce soir je t'ai perdu [fr]. • Patricia Kaas covered the song on her 2012 album Kaas chante Piaf.
# Sisseton High School

Sisseton High School (SHS) is a public high school in Sisseton, South Dakota and the only high school in the Sisseton, South Dakota school district. The school reported 250 students for the 2014-2015 school year. The school's athletic teams play as part of the SDHSAA Northeast Conference as the "Redmen".
In 2010 a student was arrested for stockpiling weapons and bomb-making materials in his bedroom. He had also written about wanting to blow up the school. He was sentenced to 10 years in prison in 2011.
Veblen High School was merged with SHS at some point in the past.

## Redmen team name

For the 2014-2015 school year, of the 250 students, 110 were Native American. Disagreements and controversy among Native American students and community members over the school's use of a Native American mascot has received media attention.
In 2015 a group of girls' basketball players who were students of the nearby school Tiospa Zina Tribal School wore shirts saying "Not your Mascot" to a game at SHS. The students had previously attended SHS but had later transferred to the tribal school in Agency Village on the Lake Traverse Reservation. Several of the students' grandparents had previously protested the mascot in the 90s. The schools superintendent Stephen Schulte has said that there is support for the name. The T-shirts sparked at least one fight.
In September 2016, the school board voted to remove all native imagery from Homecoming from that year forward, although the school would continue to use the name. The decision was opposed by the school's student homecoming committee.
# Skjoldungen

Skjoldungen (Greenlandic: Saqqisikuik) is a large uninhabited island in the King Frederick VI Coast, southeastern Greenland. Administratively it is part of the Sermersooq municipality. The weather of the island is characterized by tundra climate.
The island was named by Wilhelm August Graah (1793–1863) after Skjoldungen or Skioldungen, a honorific title for the successors (Scyldings) of legendary King Skjold to the ancient Danish throne in Norse mythology.

## Geography

Skjoldungen is a coastal island in the southeastern shores of Greenland. It is located between two fjords, the Southern Skjoldungen Fjord (Greenlandic: Iittuarmiit), to the southwest, and the Northern Skjoldungen Fjord (Greenlandic: Qimutuluittiip Kangertiva) to the northeast between Skjoldungen and one of the arms of the Thorland Peninsula. The Morke Sound (Greenlandic: Pulaqqaviip Ikaasaa) is a 700 metres (2,297 feet) wide sound that joins both fjords in the NW, separating the island from the mainland.
The island stretches 49 kilometres (30 miles) in a NE/SW direction. Its highest point is Azimuthbjerg, a 1,738 m high ultra-prominent peak at the NW end of the island. Skjoldungen's maximum width is 14 kilometres (9 miles). Skjoldungen Island has a rugged terrain, which includes the Skjoldmøen, Bjarje and Hjalte glaciers and the Gedebukken, Pandebrasken, Skuren and Sfinksen nunataks. The southern part divides into two peninsulas jutting southeastwards, the Roar Peninsula (Danish: Roar Halvø) and the Helge Peninsula (Danish: Helges Halvø). Skjoldungen's southernmost headland is Cape Niels Juel, a narrow cape of reddish-brown rock at the end of the Helge Peninsula. 3.5 kilometres (2 miles) long Anarnitsoq island lies just to the west of the cape.

## History

Since the eastern coast of Greenland was inhabited by Paleo-Eskimo people around 4,000 years ago, the Skjoldungen Fjords were likely inhabited or visited by nomadic hunters. At the Qoornoq site, located on a small headland by the shore of the Southern Skjoldungen Fjord, there are archaeological remains of later historical periods. These include Thule culture graves indicating that Inuit lived on the island after the 13th century.
There are remains of relatively recent abandoned Inuit dwellings inside the fjord on Skjoldungen's western shore. These date back to 1938 when one hundred and fifty Inuit from Ammassalik were convinced by the Danish authorities to settle in this large island. During World War II a weather station was built and run by the Allies on Skjoldungen, as well as another one on Cape Adelaer further south down the coast at 61°50′N 42°5′W﻿ / ﻿61.833°N 42.083°W﻿ / 61.833; -42.083. The inhabitants of the Inuit settlement were relocated in 1965 following a nationwide program to concentrate the population of Greenland in a few larger towns. Another reason was that fishing and hunting were not enough to keep the population even close to a state of self-sufficiency.
Currently the island is a popular destination with tourists on cruise ships to Greenland owing to its impressive landscapes.
# Sheffield Street Bridge

The Sheffield Street Bridge is a historic lenticular truss bridge spanning Hancock Brook in Waterbury, Connecticut, United States. Built in 1884, it is a rare example of a wrought iron bridge built by the Berlin Iron Bridge Co., and one of the few surviving lenticular truss bridges left in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

## Description and history

The Sheffield Street Bridge is located in remote setting in northern Waterbury, off the end of Sheffield Street near a stone quarry. It spans Hancock Brook about 20 feet (6.1 m) above the water, and is mounted on stone abutments. It is 56 feet (17 m) long and 18 feet (5.5 m), and would normally carry two lanes of traffic, if its wooden deck was still usable. Its trusses are fashioned out of four-panel lenticular trusses, supported by posts on the abutments.
The bridge was built in 1884, when this area had a much more substantial industrial presence. It was built by the Berlin Iron Bridge Company, one of the largest makers of steel and iron bridges in New England in the late 19th century. The bridge was deliberately built for heavy-duty use, to serve the industries in the area. Its design is typical of the company's early works, with wrought iron elements of the truss joined by pins instead of rivets. At the time of its listing on the National Register in 2001, it was one of only seventeen surviving lenticular truss bridges in the state, and one of the few that predates a period when their construction became more standardized.
# Pereh

The Pereh (Hebrew: פרא: Wild) is an Israeli anti-tank missile carrier, disguised as a tank. Serving the Israel Defense Forces in the role of precision artillery since the mid 1980s, the existence and nature of the vehicle was declassified in June 2015.

## Description

The Pereh is based on the hull of the Magach 5 tank and features an enlarged turret containing 12 Spike missiles in a pop-up missile launcher at the rear disguised as a turret bustle. The launcher is reloaded via a hatch at the rear with the launcher in the lowered position. Known as the Tamuz in Israeli service, the Spike-NLOS missile is capable of being used in both fire and forget and man-in-the-loop modes, either in the direct or indirect fire roles, and is able to destroy targets out to 25 km (16 mi). The front is fitted with a fake cannon to disguise it as a standard tank, but when deployed it can be identified by a curved antenna mounted at the rear on the roof of the turret, which is erected in the firing position. Other additional features include add-on frontal armor and storage boxes on the turret sides.

## Development

The Pereh was developed in the 1980s in tandem with the Spike-NLOS (called the Tamuz in service) missile, but was not revealed to the public until 2011. The concept of the Tamuz and the Pereh was conceived during the Yom Kippur War, where Israel seemed to be in danger of being overrun by Egyptian armor. The eventual nature of the weapon system and the operational doctrine of its deployment were furthered by Israeli experience against Syrian T-72 tanks during the First Lebanon War.

## Operational history

The Pereh had participated in all Israeli Defense Force operations of the last 25 years including the 2006 Lebanon War and Gaza War. Although pictures of the Pereh have been taken over the years, with some appearing in public briefly, Israeli sensors have been diligent in suppressing such appearances. Pictures of the Pereh first released during Operation Protective Edge in July 2014, was the first occasion on which the sensors allowed such pictures to pass without suppression, though no statement was made as to what the pictures were of.
The Pereh was retired from service in 2017, although it is unclear whether the Israeli Defense Force intends to abandon the concept, or if they plan using a more modern tank chassis in an updated version.

## Operators

* Israel
# Borojevia tubulata

Borojevia tubulata is a species of calcareous sponge from the Western Indian Ocean and Red Seal.