OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# United States Associate Attorney General

The United States associate attorney general is the third-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). The associate attorney general advises and assists the attorney general and the deputy attorney general in policies relating to civil justice, federal and local law enforcement, and public safety matters. The associate attorney general is appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate.
The Office of the Associate Attorney General oversees the Antitrust Division, the Civil Division, the Environment and Natural Resources Division, the Tax Division, the Office of Justice Programs, the Community Oriented Policing Services, the Community Relations Service, the Office of Dispute Resolution, the Office of Violence Against Women, the Office of Information and Privacy, the Executive Office for United States Trustees, and the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission.
The Office of the Associate Attorney General was created on March 10, 1977, by Attorney General Order No. 699-77.

## List of United States associate attorneys general

| No. | Portrait | Name | Years in office | President |
| 1 | | Michael J. Egan | 1977–1979 | Jimmy Carter |
| 2 | | John H. Shenefield | 1979–1981 | Jimmy Carter |
| 3 | | Rudolph W. Giuliani | 1981–1983 | Ronald Reagan |
| 4 | | D. Lowell Jensen | 1983–1985 | Ronald Reagan |
| 5 | | Arnold I. Burns | 1985–1986 | Ronald Reagan |
| 6 | | Stephen S. Trott | 1986–1988 | Ronald Reagan |
| 7 | | Frank Keating | 1988–1990 | George H. W. Bush |
| Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | 1990–1992 | 1990–1992 |
| 8 | | Wayne Budd | 1992–1993 | George H. W. Bush |
| 9 | | Webster Hubbell | 1993–1994 | Bill Clinton |
| 10 | | John Schmidt | 1994–1997 | Bill Clinton |
| 11 | | Raymond C. Fisher | 1997–1999 | Bill Clinton |
| 12 | | Daniel Marcus | 1999–2001 | Bill Clinton |
| 13 | | Jay B. Stephens | 2001–2002 | George W. Bush |
| – | | Peter Keisler $^*$ | 2002–2003 | George W. Bush |
| 14 | | Robert McCallum Jr. | 2003–2006 | George W. Bush |
| – | | William W. Mercer $^*$ | 2006–2007 | George W. Bush |
| – | | Gregory G. Katsas $^*$ | 2007–2008 | George W. Bush |
| 15 | | Kevin J. O'Connor | 2008–2009 | George W. Bush |
| 16 | | Thomas J. Perrelli | 2009–2012 | Barack Obama |
| 17 | | Tony West | 2012–2014 | Barack Obama |
| – | | Stuart F. Delery $^*$ | 2014–2016 | Barack Obama |
| – | | William J. Baer $^*$ | 2016–2017 | Barack Obama |
| – | | Jesse Panuccio $^*$ | 2017 | Donald Trump |
| 18 | | Rachel Brand | 2017–2018 | Donald Trump |
| – | | Jesse Panuccio $^*$ | 2018–2019 | Donald Trump |
| – | | Claire McCusker Murray$^*$ | 2019–2021 | Donald Trump |
| – | | Matthew Colangelo$^*$ | 2021 | Joe Biden |
| 19 | | Vanita Gupta | 2021–2024 | Joe Biden |
| – | | Benjamin C. Mizer$^*$ | 2024-2025 | Joe Biden |
| $^*$ Acting Associate Attorney General |||||
# Besnoitia besnoiti

Besnoitia besnoiti is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite, closely related to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum,. It is part of a larger genus Besnoiti affecting multiple animal species, but Besnoita besnoiti, can affect livestock. and more specifically cattle as intermediate host, although some specific antibodies have been found in roe deer and red deer.
The biological cycle of the parasite remains unknown, it is suggested however that a carnivore, or more specifically the red fox, might be the definitive host.

## Geographical area

The origin of the disease seems to be difficult to specify, as there has been little attention to it until the end of the 20th century. It seems to be endemic from south of Europe, or maybe sub-Saharan countries. The disease has spread rapidly in the beginning of the 21st century, expanding its range to multiple continents. In Europe, it did spread from the south to cases being detected in multiple more northern countries like Germany or Belgium.

## Pathology: bovine besnoitiosis

Besnoitia besnoiti is responsible for two sequential phases of disease: an acute phase, followed by a chronic phase. The acute phase can be lethal or lead to infertility or sterility of males. The symptoms range from fever, anorexia, depression, followed by vascular disorder. The chronic phase can cause a wide range of skin lesions. Unfortunately, no vaccines or therapeutic tools exist yet to halt its progress.

## Genetics

This species has roughly 8,500 genes spread out over 13 chromosomes.
# Dózsa Debreceni

Dózsa Debreceni, or Dózsa of Debrecen (died in 1322 or 1323), was an influential lord in the Kingdom of Hungary in the early 14th century. He was Palatine in 1322, and Voivode of Transylvania between 1318 and 1321. He was one of the staunchest supporters of Charles I of Hungary.
# Rhizophora stylosa

Rhizophora stylosa, the spotted mangrove, red mangrove, small stilted mangrove or stilt-root mangrove, is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree in the family Rhizophoraceae. The specific epithet stylosa is from the Latin meaning 'stylus form', referring to the flower.

## Description

Rhizophora stylosa grows up to 15 metres (50 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 25 centimetres (10 in). The bark is dark brown to black. The fruits are ovoid to pear-shaped and measure up to 4 cm (2 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

Rhizophora stylosa grows naturally in Japan, China, Taiwan, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malesia, Australia (New South Wales and Queensland) and many areas of the Pacific. Its habitat is sandy beaches and coral terraces on seashores.
# Joel Sonnenberg

Joel Sonnenberg (born November 1977) is a Christian motivational speaker. He is a graduate of Taylor University as well as Columbia International University's seminary program.
On September 15, 1979, when Sonnenberg was 22 months old, he was involved in a devastating accident that left him with burns over 85% of his body. Sonnenberg was burned after a tractor trailer crashed into the car he was in, resulting in the rupturing of its fuel tank. Sonnenberg was rescued from the burning car by a stranger. The tissue damage suffered included the loss of the fingers on his right hand, his left hand entirely, his ears, and damage to his skull.
It took Sonnenberg many years to recover from the burn injuries. He endured 45 surgeries and the emotional pain of dealing with disfigurement, but through the support of faith, family, and friends, he went on to become a student leader, all-conference athlete and internationally sought speaker.
Sonnenberg completed studies toward a master of theology degree and has been on speaking tours throughout the United States and many other countries.
Sonnenberg has become an active international speaking minister, with particular interest in persons with disabilities.

## Books and film

* Joel, Joel Sonnenberg and Gregg Lewis, Zondervan, ISBN 0-310-24693-8
* Race for Life : The Joel Sonnenberg Story, Janet Sonnenberg, Zondervan ISBN 0-310-25930-4
* Scarred Hero: The Story of Joel Sonnenberg (film) ISBN 1-56364-601-3
* Sue Thomas: F.B.Eye (TV) 2004 Episode "Skin Deep"
* Public Eye with Bryant Gumbel (TV) 1998 Segment "Joel Sonnenberg"
# Yannis Moralis (politician)

Ioannis (Yannis) Moralis (Greek: Γιάννης Μώραλης, born in 1968 in Athens) is the current mayor of Piraeus, Greece and Vice President of Olympiacos F.C. He was elected mayor in May 2014 and took office in September of that year.

## Biography

Moralis was born in 1968 in Athens. His father, Petros Moralis, who was a founding member of PASOK and close personal friend of Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou, served as deputy minister of education in 1981–86, deputy minister of labor in 1987–89, and general secretary of the Ministry of National Economy in 1989–90.
Moralis studied economics in the University of Piraeus and was active in sports management and marketing. Beginning in 1995, he held a series of administrative posts at Olympiacos FC at the request of family friend Sokratis Kokkalis.
In 2010, Kokkalis sold Olympiacos to businessman Evangelos Marinakis; Moralis at first offered his resignation, but quickly established a friendly relationship with Marinakis, who appointed him vice-president of Olympiacos.
In May 2014, Moralis was elected Mayor of Piraeus, running as an independent candidate, without endorsement by any political party; his associates include both conservatives and socialists, as well as many former Olympiacos executives.
In November 2017 Moralis became the new president of Olympiacos FC.
# Minneapolis City Conference

The Minneapolis City Conference is the Minnesota State High School League-sponsored high school sports league for schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

## Members

| School | Nickname | Colors | Address |
| Edison High School | Tommies | Blue & Gold | 700 22nd Ave. NE Minneapolis, MN 55418 |
| North Community High School | Polars | Royal Blue & White | 1500 James Ave. N Minneapolis, MN 55411 |
| Camden High School (formerly Patrick Henry) | Patriots | Red & Gray | 4320 Newton Ave. N Minneapolis, MN 55412 |
| Roosevelt High School | Teddies | Maroon & Gold | 4029 28th Ave. S Minneapolis, MN 55406 |
| South High School | Tigers | Black & Orange | 3131 19th Ave. S Minneapolis, MN 55407 |
| Southwest High School | Lakers | Purple & White | 3414 W. 47th St. Minneapolis, MN 55410 |
| Washburn High School | Millers | Blue & Orange | 201 W. 49th St. Minneapolis, MN 55419 |
* ↑ "Minneapolis City Conference". Minneapolis Public Schools.
# Leon Rene Yankwich

Leon Rene Yankwich (September 25, 1888 – February 9, 1975) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California.

## Education and career

Born in Iași, Romania, Yankwich received a Bachelor of Laws from Willamette University College of Law in 1909. He was in private practice in Modesto, California from 1909 to 1916, and in Los Angeles, California from 1916 to 1927, interrupted by service as a Sergeant in the United States Army during World War I in 1918. He received a Juris Doctor from Loyola Law School in Los Angeles in 1926. He was a Judge of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County from 1927 to 1935.

## Federal judicial service

Yankwich was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 21, 1935, to the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, to a new seat authorized by 49 Stat. 508. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 23, 1935, and received his commission on August 24, 1935. He served as Chief Judge from 1951 to 1959. He assumed senior status on April 28, 1964. Yankwich was reassigned by operation of law to the United States District Court for the Central District of California on September 18, 1966, pursuant to 80 Stat. 75. His service terminated on February 9, 1975, due to his death.

### Notable cases

Yankwich tried Cain v. Universal Pictures (1942), a case in which the writer James M. Cain sued Universal Pictures, the scriptwriter and the director for copyright infringement in connection with the film When Tomorrow Comes. Cain claimed a scene in his book where two protagonists take refuge from a storm in a church had been copied in a scene depicting the same situation in the movie. Yankwich ruled that there was no resemblance between the scenes in the book and the film other than incidental scènes à faire, or natural similarities due to the situation, establishing an important legal precedent.
Yankwich decided several important cases involving racial minorities. He invalidated segregation in Lopez v. Seccombe (1944), a decision prohibiting discrimination against persons of Mexican ancestry in San Bernardino's public recreational facilities. In Uyeno v. Acheson (1951), he held that a birthright citizen had not been expatriated by voting in an election in Occupied Japan in 1947: "In the present case, the testimony of the plaintiff is that the constant reiteration through newspapers and over the radio, and by friends and advisers of the importance of voting and the need for voting was taken by him as 'a command' on the part of General MacArthur and the Occupation Forces to vote, which he could not, with impunity, disobey. Indeed, he testified that, in addition to this, he was led to believe that if he did not vote, he would lose his food ration card."
# John Beaman

John Richard Beaman (born 5 October 1951) was formerly one of the ten States of Alderney Members, and he became the Chairman of the influential Policy and Finance Committee in January 2011. Prior to this, he was the Island’s Representative for Tourism. As well as chairman of the Policy and Finance Committee, Beaman was a member of the committees on Employment Legislation, and General Services, and the representative for agriculture, open areas, environment, wildlife, and the island of Burhou. Beaman's term of office ended in 2013.

## Early life

Born in Castleford, Beaman was educated at The King's School, Pontefract. He attended the University of Bradford, before moving to Madeley in Staffordshire to train as a mathematics teacher. From 1976 to 1985, Beaman worked as a teacher, first in schools, and later with children in care. From 1985 to 2005, Beaman worked for Staffordshire and then for Stoke-on-Trent in the Looked-after-children (LAC) department.

## Political career

Beaman was elected as a member of the States of Alderney in December 2008 after a controversial election in which he gained the same number of votes (294) as Don Oakden, who was not elected. This was the first tie in the island’s electoral history, and was resolved by the returning officer picking Beaman’s name from a ballot box, which led to his selection as the fifth member. Beaman was announced as States Representative for Tourism on 18 February 2009. In his acceptance interview he declared an awareness of the island’s shortcomings as a tourist destination and pledged to work with local groups to improve the island’s standing. He also drew attention for his refusal to vote for an increase in pay for States Members and for being the only States Member to vote against the setting-up of a housing association.
On 12 January 2011 Beaman was elected as the chairman of the island's Policy and Finance (P&F) committee, the States' main decision-making body. He polled five votes, narrowly beating fellow states member Ian Tugby. In his post-election speech, Beaman said that he intended to involve all states members in the island's decision-making process, announcing "Each member has got something to offer and I want to include everybody".

## Personal life

In 1976 John married Anne, a schoolteacher, and they have a son named Robert. They both work in their spare time at the Alderney Lighthouse as tour guides. He is a fan of rugby league supporting Castleford Tigers, and was head coach of Derby City RLFC from 2000 until 2001. He has also written a guide book, Eight Walks on Alderney, which has been translated into French.
# 1868 South Australian colonial election

Colonial elections were held in South Australia from 6 April to 7 May 1868. All 36 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election.
The three years following the 1865 election were the most unstable in terms of government in the history of the parliament. The government of Arthur Blyth was defeated immediately the Assembly met after the election. Francis Dutton’s government lasted 182 days, Henry Ayers returned for 33 days, then John Hart for 156 days, James Boucaut for just over one year. Henry Ayers returned to take the Assembly into the election.
Since the inaugural 1857 election, no parties or stable groupings had been formed, which resulted in frequent changes of the Premier. If for any reason the incumbent Premier of South Australia lost sufficient support through a successful motion of no confidence at any time on the floor of the house, he would tender his resignation to the Governor of South Australia, which would result in another member deemed to have the support of the House of Assembly being sworn in by the Governor as the next Premier.
Informal groupings began and increased government stability occurred from the 1887 election. The United Labor Party would be formed in 1891, while the National Defence League would be formed later in the same year.
# Anni Podimata

Anni Podimata is a Greek politician who served as Vice-President of the European Parliament and Member of Sixth European Parliament and Seventh European Parliament.
# Mount Kami (Hakone)

Mount Kami (Japanese: 神山 Kami-yama, meaning "god mountain") is the highest peak, with an elevation of 1,438 meters, of Mount Hakone, in Hakone, Kanagawa, Japan. Worshipping Mount Hakone with this highest peak is recorded in a 12th century document, as having started at the time of the legendary Emperor Kōshō (475 BC to 393 BC).

## Climbing Mount Kami

Climbing mountains is a popular sport in the Mount Hakone area. To the top of Mount Kami, it takes about one hour fifteen minutes from Mount Koma Summit Station of the Hakone Komagatake Ropeway (one hour twenty minutes, on return), or one hour twenty minutes from Ōwakudani Station of the Hakone Ropeway (one hour, on return). The top of Mount Kami is covered with tall trees, which prevent a nice view of its surroundings .
# Albert O'Donnell Bartholeyns

Albert O'Donnell Bartholeyns (5 January 1852 – 20 May 1922) was an English journalist, hospital administrator, professional b-word, and translator of plays.

## Biography

Bartholeyns was born at Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, London, to Pierre Jean Joseph Bartholeyns de Fossalaert, a Belgian diplomat, and Emma Jane Grattan, daughter of Thomas Colley Grattan. His father, Attaché of the Belgian Legation in London and Frankfurt, was elevated to the Belgian nobility in 1857.
Bartholeyns's contributions to London newspapers were mostly, as was the practice of the day, unsigned. He contributed to, among others, The Morning Post and The Pall Mall Gazette, and was described in The Era as well known in his profession.
As Secretary-Superintendent of the Middlesex Hospital, he featured regularly in the columns of The Times and other papers during the 1880s, appealing for funds. He published a book, The Great Hospitals of London in 1888.
Bartholeyns also published books on religious themes, including The Legend of the Christmas Rose, a retelling of the Gospel story of the Magi. The text was first presented onstage with tableaux vivants, at St. George's Hall, London in the summer of 1898, and published in book form in December of the same year. He followed this with The Wonder Workers, A Dream of Holy Flowers.
As a translator, he adapted Tasso's Aminta as a pastoral play for English performance (music by Henry Gadsby), and Goldoni's La Locandiera as Our Hostess, presented at the Theatre Royal Kilburn in 1897. His original stage work included a one-act musical piece, A la Française, written with the composer Meyer Lutz in 1893, and a biographical play Swift and Vanessa about Dean Swift in 1904. For the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, he adapted Theodor Körner's libretto Der vierjährige Posten as The Outpost, with music by Hamilton Clarke, premiered at the Savoy Theatre in July 1900.
He died in London, aged 71.
# Minnesota North College – Mesabi Range Eveleth

Minnesota North College – Mesabi Range Eveleth, most recently known as Mesabi Range College (MRC) Eveleth campus, which was formerly known as Mesabi Range Community and Technical College) is a public community college campus located in Eveleth, Minnesota. In 2022, the board of trustees of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities merged the college with Minnesota North College – Mesabi Range Virginia and several others into a single institution called Minnesota North College.

## History

The campus is named for the Mesabi Range, an iron-ore deposit in Minnesota's Iron Range where the campus and Minnesota North College – Mesabi Range Virginia are located.

## Athletics

As part of Minnesota North College, a member of the Minnesota College Athletic Conference (MCAC) National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA), Norse Athletics include baseball, softball, football, men's basketball, women's basketball, and volleyball.
# Xylocarpus granatum

Xylocarpus granatum, commonly known as the cannonball mangrove, cedar mangrove, or puzzlenut tree, is a species of mangrove in the mahogany family (Meliaceae). It is found in Africa, Asia, Australasia and the Pacific Islands. It is a common species of mangrove, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".

## Description

Xylocarpus granatum is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree, growing to a maximum height of 12 m (39 ft). The trunk has buttresses and above-ground roots which extend for long distances to either side. The bark is brown and smooth, and comes away in flakes. The leaves are pinnate and arranged spirally on the twigs; they have two to four pairs of leaflets and are pale green when young and darken with age. The inflorescence grows in a short panicle in the axil of a leaf or at the end of the shoot. The individual flowers are 8 mm (0.3 in) wide, with parts in fours, and are white or pinkish-yellow. They are followed by large, spherical, woody capsules, 9 to 12 cm (4 to 5 in) in diameter, which split open to reveal up to a dozen seeds. The common name "puzzlenut tree" derives from the irregular shape of the seeds: a puzzle can be made of shuffling the seeds and attempting to reassemble them into the original spherical arrangement.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is native to the tropical and sub-tropical Western Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique (in which it is one of ten mangrove species) to India, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, northern Australia and Papua New Guinea; it grows in the higher intertidal zone and is found in estuaries and lining the banks of creeks.

## Uses

The wood is hard and durable and can be used for boat-building, construction and making furniture, however the trees are twisted and often hollow so large pieces of timber may not be available; the wood is also used for tool handles and other small items, and can be used as firewood but burns rather quickly. The bark is rich in tannins and has been used for strengthening rope and dying cloth. The bark, fruits and seeds have been used in traditional medicine.

## Status

Mangroves in general are under threat from coastal development and from harvesting, and another threat is global warming and the consequent rise in sea levels. Xylocarpus granatum is a common species of mangrove with a very wide range, and it is probably not declining at a sufficient fast rate to be included in any threatened category. For these reasons, the International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed it as being of "least concern".
# Mount Kami

Mount Kami may refer to:
* Mount Kami (Hakone)
* Mount Kami (Okayama)
# Sonneratia ovata

Sonneratia ovata is a mangrove tree in the family Lythraceae. The specific epithet ovata is from the Latin meaning 'oval', referring to the shape of the leaf.

## Description

Sonneratia ovata grows up to 20 metres (70 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 20 centimetres (8 in). The grey bark is smooth to fissured bark. The calyx is cup-shaped with its inner surface reddish at the base. The fruits, dark green when young and ripening to yellowish green, measure up to 7 cm (3 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

Sonneratia ovata grows naturally from southern China (Hainan) to Indochina, Malesia, Palau, New Guinea and Australia. Its habitat is on tidal river banks and on muddy soils subject to spring tides.

## Uses

The mature fruit is eaten in Sarawak.