OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Myron H. Thompson

Myron Herbert Thompson (born January 7, 1947) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama.

## Education and career

Born in Tuskegee, Alabama, Thompson received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Yale University in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 1972. He was an Assistant Attorney General of Alabama from 1972 to 1974, and then in private practice in Dothan, Alabama until 1980.

## Federal judicial service

On September 17, 1980, Thompson was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to a seat on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama vacated by Judge Frank Minis Johnson. Thompson was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 26, 1980, and received his commission on September 29, 1980. He served as Chief Judge from 1991 to 1998. He took senior status on August 22, 2013. As of 2020, he is the last Democratic appointee to serve on the District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, and also the last judge appointed by a Democratic president to that court.

## Notable cases

In 2013, in a redistricting case heard by a three-judge panel, Thompson disagreed with its decision contending it was an illegal use of racial quotas. He wrote that Alabama's use of the Voting Rights Act was a "cruel irony," that as the state was simultaneously arguing before the Supreme Court in Shelby County v. Holder, that Section 5 should be found unconstitutional, it was "relying on racial quotas…and seeking to justify those quotas with the very provision it was helping to render inert." On October 29, 2019, Judge Thompson issued a preliminary injunction blocking the Human Life Protection Act from taking effect in Alabama as prescribed on November 15, 2019. The Alabama law "imposes criminal liability on abortion providers for nearly all abortions, completed or attempted, regardless of fetal viability." In essence," the Court said, "the Act imposes a near-total ban on abortion." Judge Thompson concluded, "The court is persuaded that the plaintiffs are likely to succeed in showing that the Act violates an individual’s constitutional right to obtain a pre-viability abortion, and thus that it violates her constitutional rights." In 2014, in Planned Parenthood Southeast, Inc., v. Strange, (also known as Planned Parenthood Southeast, Inc., v. Bentley), Thompson ruled an Alabama law regulating abortion unconstitutional, citing the undue burden standard.
# George Ernest Tidwell

George Ernest Tidwell (August 1, 1931 – August 4, 2011) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia.

## Education and career

Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Tidwell graduated from the Henry W. Grady High School in Atlanta and then received a Bachelor of Laws from Emory University School of Law in 1954. He was in private practice in Atlanta from 1954 to 1966. He was a legal aide to the House Floor Leader of the Georgia General Assembly from 1964 to 1966. He was an associate general counsel of the State Bar of Georgia from 1965 to 1966. He was an executive assistant attorney general of the State of Georgia from 1966 to 1968. He was a judge of the Civil Court of Fulton County, Georgia from 1968 to 1971. He was a judge of the Superior Court for the Atlanta Judicial Circuit from 1971 to 1979.

## Federal judicial service

Tidwell was nominated by President Jimmy Carter on June 5, 1979, to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, to a new seat created by 92 Stat. 1629. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 23, 1979, and received his commission on July 24, 1979. He served as Chief Judge from 1996 to 1999. He assumed senior status on October 8, 1999, serving in that status until his death on August 4, 2011, in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, while on a family reunion vacation. Tidwell was a resident of Atlanta for his entire life and is interred in Atlanta.
# William J. Castagna

William John Castagna (June 25, 1924 – December 18, 2020) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida.

## Education and career

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Castagna served in the United States Air Force from 1943 to 1945. He received his Bachelor of Laws from the Fredric G. Levin College of Law at the University of Florida in 1949 and a Juris Doctor from the same institution in 1967. He was in private practice in Miami, Florida, from 1949 to 1950 and in Clearwater from 1950 to 1979.

## Federal judicial service

United States President Jimmy Carter nominated Castagna to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida on June 5, 1979, to a new seat created by 92 Stat. 1629. Confirmed by the Senate on July 23, 1979, and received commission a day later. Castagna assumed senior status on June 29, 1992. He died on December 18, 2020, at the age of 96.
# Bishop Bullwinkle

Bernard Thomas (August 22, 1948 – June 16, 2019), better known as Bishop Bullwinkle, was an American singer/comedian best known for appearing in the viral YouTube video "Hell to the Naw Naw".

## Background

Bishop Bullwinkle's real name was Bernard Thomas. The Bullwinkle part of his name came from a childhood nickname; while in school, a classmate of his wrote on the bulletin board, "Bernard Thomas is funny like Bullwinkle the moose". He was based in Florida. He had mixed reactions to his style and song content, drawing both praise and condemnation. He is from Plant City, Florida.
In 2022, Azie Faison claimed that Bishop Bullwinkle was the same Bernard Thomas that founded Eric B and Rakim.

### "Hell to the Naw Naw"

In the music video which is shot outdoors, Thomas is seen in a white suit, wearing sunglasses and a white hat. It was originally released January 1, 2014. The props used are a podium with a monkey and fire extinguisher resting on it. By July 22, 2015, the video went viral and got over 200,000 views with over 4,000 likes. As of August 15, 2020, a video of the song attracted over 95 million views and 780,000 likes. Another video has attracted over 12 million views and over 218,000 likes. The song was even played on NBC.
A video of an 86-year-old grandmother dancing to the song went viral in a very short time. Beverly Jenkins uploaded the video of her grandmother Claudia Haggerty dancing to the song. By September 4, 2015, it had attracted 3 million views since it was posted. It was shared over 100,000 times on Facebook.
Bullwinkle attracted mixed reactions for his video and song, which is about the hypocrisy of some preachers and parishioners.

## Appearances

Along with Clarence Carter, Sir Charles Jones, Theodis Ealey, and Denise LaSalle, he was scheduled to appear at the 13th Annual Chi-Town Blues Festival at Merrillville's Star Plaza Theatre on March 4, 2017. On March 11, he was scheduled to appear at the 11th Annual Motor City Blues Festival, an event which included Sir Charles Jones, Willie Clayton, Bigg Robb, Shirley Brown, and TK Soul. In June 2017, he was booked to appear at the Southern Soul and Blues Lovers Festival in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. He was booked to appear at the Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena on September 9, 2017, but it was rescheduled for Friday, November 10, 2017.

## Death

Thomas died on June 16, 2019, in Tampa, Florida. His cause of death was a heart attack. He was 70 years old. The funeral ceremony was on June 29, 2019.

## Discography
### Compilation albums

| Title | Album details |
| The Da Vinci Code | Released: August 16, 2019 Label: Music Access Formats: Digital download, streaming |

### Singles
#### As lead artist

| Title | Year | Album |
| "Some Preachers" | 2015 | The Da Vinci Code |
| "Pouring Water On a Drowning Man" (featuring Sir Jonathan Burton) | 2019 | The Da Vinci Code |
| "No Woman, No Cry" | 2019 | The Da Vinci Code |
| "Is It Real" | 2019 | The Da Vinci Code |

#### As featured artist

| Title | Year | Album |
| "I Can't Be Faithful" (Pokey Bear featuring Bishop Bullwinkle) | 2017 | Bear Season |
# John M. Sternhagen

John Meier Sternhagen (March 21, 1888 – September 25, 1954) was a member of the US Board of Tax Appeals and a judge of the Tax Court of the United States, from July 16, 1924, until June 1, 1946. He was the father of stage and screen actress Frances Sternhagen.
Sternhagen was born on March 21, 1888, in Mount Vernon, New York, the youngest of five children. His parents were Herman Sr. (1845–1925), a German-American immigrant, and Christina Meier Sternhagen, a native of New York. Sternhagen's siblings included Amelia (b. 1879), Louisa (b. 1882), Ella Cornelia (b. 1883) and Herman Jr. (b. 1885).
Sternhagen lived in Mount Vernon with his family for the entirety of his adolescence. In 1908, at age 20, he started working as a clerk at 229th Street, Columbus Avenue as well as on 10th and 11th Avenue. He became a secretary at 425th Street on 4th Avenue in 1914 when he was 26.
By 1918, at age 30, Sternhagen was still working as a secretary when he was drafted in World War I. He served as 2nd lieutenant of the Air Service Division stationed in Washington, D.C. He never saw combat, but served honorably from October 25, 1918, until he was honorably discharged on January 30, 1919.
Upon his return from service, Sternhagen settled in his home at 6 North Street, 15th Avenue in Mount Vernon. After four years, he returned to Chicago, where he began working as a Republican tax lawyer for hire, working at 106th South La Salle Street in 1923.
When President Coolidge, with the guidance of Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, passed the Revenue Act of 1924, cutting overall taxes and establishing the U.S. Board of Tax Appeals. Coolidge selected 12 initial members of the board, most of them fellow Republicans, one of them being Sternhagen. He was one of a group of seven members of the Board appointed "from the public".
Following Coolidge's appointment and Congress's confirmation, he took the oath of office with his fellow board members in the office of Under Secretary Garrard Winston on July 16, 1924.
Three years into his service, Sternhagen met and married Gertrude Hussey (1894–1977), a socialite and former war nurse during World War I. They married on April 29, 1927, in Manhattan, New York and moved to Washington, D.C., in 1928. Sternhagen sold his stock options and bought a house on "O" Street. On January 13, 1930, their only child, Frances, was born while they were in D.C. The family became involved in many different facets of local political relations, including a long-time friendship with future Secretary of State, Dean Acheson, and his family.
Sternhagen continued to serve on the Board until, in 1942, when it was converted into the Tax Court of the United States, thus making Sternhagen an official federal judge, and one of only two of the original board members to continue on to the Tax Court. It was around this time that his health began to deteriorate and his mind began to fail. He officially retired from the Tax Court on June 1, 1946.
Sternhagen died in 1954 in Washington, D.C., at the age of 66.
# John Trice Nixon

John Trice Nixon (January 9, 1933 – December 19, 2019) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee.

## Early life, education and military service

John Trice Nixon was born on January 9, 1933, in New Orleans, Louisiana. His father, Herman Clarence Nixon, was a political scientist at Vanderbilt University and a member of the Southern Agrarians. Nixon graduated from Peabody Demonstration School. He then received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard College in 1955. He earned a Bachelor of Laws from the Vanderbilt University Law School in 1960.
He served in the United States Army in 1958 for six months, and then in the United States Army Reserves. In September 1963, he was commissioned a second lieutenant while serving with the 405th Civil Affairs Group where he was assigned to the legal section.

## Career

Nixon was in private practice as a lawyer in Anniston, Alabama, from 1960 to 1962. He served as city attorney of Anniston from 1962 to 1964. He was a trial attorney of the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice from 1964 to 1969. He returned to private practice from 1969 to 1971. He then served as a staff attorney of Office of the State Comptroller in Tennessee from 1971 to 1976. Moving to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1976, he practiced law there until 1977. He then served as a judge of the Circuit Court of Tennessee from 1977 to 1978, and as a judge of the Tennessee Court of General Sessions from 1978 to 1980.

## Federal judicial service

Nixon was nominated by President Jimmy Carter on February 27, 1980, to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, to a new seat created by 92 Stat. 1629. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 9, 1980, and received his commission on May 12, 1980. He served as Chief Judge from 1991 to 1998, and assumed senior status on August 15, 1998. He took inactive senior status in 2016, meaning that while he remained a federal judge, he no longer heard cases or participated in the business of the court.

## Personal life

Nixon married Betty C. Nixon, later a Nashville city councilor. They had two daughters, Mignon, and Anne, the former who is a professor at University College London (UCL) in London. The Nixons were divorced prior to Mrs. Nixon's death in 2016.
Nixon died on December 19, 2019, in Los Angeles, California.
# Robert Boochever

Robert Boochever (October 2, 1917 – October 9, 2011) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and a justice of the Alaska Supreme Court.

## Education and career

Born in New York City, Boochever received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Cornell University in 1939 where he was a member of the Quill and Dagger society, and a Bachelor of Laws from Cornell Law School in 1941. He was a captain in the United States Army Infantry during World War II, from 1941 to 1945. He was an assistant United States attorney in Juneau, Alaska from 1946 to 1947 and then worked in private practice in Juneau until 1972. He was a justice of the Alaska Supreme Court from 1972 to 1980, serving as chief justice from 1975 to 1978.

## Federal judicial service

On May 22, 1980, Boochever was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit vacated by Judge Shirley Hufstedler. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 18, 1980, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on June 10, 1986, due to a certified disability. He served in that capacity until his death, though he did not hear any new cases in the last few years of his life.

## Personal life and death

Boochever met chief surgery nurse Connie Boochever while working on a base. They were married on April 22, 1943. Skier Hilary Lindh is one of their grandchildren.
Boochever died of natural causes on October 9, 2011, at the age of 94 at his home in Pasadena, California.
# Brunoniella

Brunoniella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes six species native to Australia and New Caledonia.

## Species

Six species are accepted:
* Brunoniella acaulis (R.Br.) Bremek. – northern Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland)
* Brunoniella australis (Cav.) Bremek. – northern and eastern Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales)
* Brunoniella linearifolia R.M.Barker – Northern Territory
* Brunoniella neocaledonica (Heine) Moylan – northwestern New Caledonia
* Brunoniella pumilio (R.Br.) Bremek. – Northern Territory, New South Wales, possibly Queensland
* Brunoniella spiciflora (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Bremek. – Queensland
# Gossia

Gossia is a genus of rainforest trees in the myrtle family first described as a genus in 2003 by Neil Snow, Gordon Guymer and Sawvel. It is native to northeastern Australia (Queensland and New South Wales) as well as several islands of Papuasia and New Caledonia.
The type species is Gossia retusa. The name honours the conservation works of the former premier of Queensland, Wayne Goss.

## species

* Gossia acmenoides - Qld, NSW
* Gossia alaternoides - New Caledonia
* Gossia aphthosa - New Caledonia
* Gossia bamagensis - Qld
* Gossia bidwillii - Qld, NSW
* Gossia byrnesii - Qld
* Gossia clusioides - New Caledonia
* Gossia colnettiana - New Caledonia
* Gossia dallachyana - Qld
* Gossia diversifolia - New Caledonia
* Gossia eugenioides - W New Guinea
* Gossia floribunda - New Guinea, Qld
* Gossia fragrantissima - Qld, NSW
* Gossia gonoclada - Qld
* Gossia grayi - Qld
* Gossia hillii - Qld
* Gossia inophloia - Qld
* Gossia kuakuensis - New Caledonia
* Gossia lewisensis - Qld
* Gossia longipetiolata - Papua New Guinea
* Gossia lucida - Qld
* Gossia macilwraithensis - Qld
* Gossia myrsinocarpa - Qld
* Gossia nigripes - New Caledonia
* Gossia pancheri - New Caledonia
* Gossia pubiflora - Qld
* Gossia punctata - Qld, NSW
* Gossia randiana - New Guinea
* Gossia retusa - Qld
* Gossia salomonensis - Solomon Islands
* Gossia sankowskiorum - Qld
* Gossia scottiana - Papua New Guinea
* Gossia shepherdii - Qld
* Gossia versteeghii - New Guinea
* Gossia vieillardii - New Caledonia, Vanuatu
* Gossia virotii - New Caledonia
* Gossia yelana - Papua New Guinea
# Oxytes

Oxytes is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Fabaceae.
Its native range is Papua New Guinea to northern and eastern Australia and New Caledonia.

## Species

Species:
* Oxytes brachypoda (A.Gray) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
* Oxytes deplanchei (Harms) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
* Oxytes kaalensis (Guillaumin) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
* Oxytes pycnostachya (Benth.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
# V. Joy

Adv. V. Joy (born 10 May 1965) is a member of 15th Kerala Legislative Assembly. He represents Varkala constituency. He defeated BRM Shefeer by 17821 votes in his second term. He is the current secretary of CPI (M) Thiruvananthapuram district committee and State Committee Member of Communist Party of India (Marxist), Kerala.

## Education and Political career

Chirayinkeezhu Sreechithira Vilasam School Leader, Chempazhanthi SN College University Union Councilor, University of Kerala Union Executive Member, Senate Member, SFI District President, District Secretary, DYFI District Vice President. Proved excellence in performance. Contested the Grama Panchayat of Azhoor twice and became the President twice. He then contested the Chirayinkeezhu Block Panchayat and was elected President. Later Member of the Thiruvananthapuram District Panchayat.
He is currently the State President of the Kerala Primary Cooperative Societies Association. He has been a Member of the Board of Directors of the District Co-operative Bank and Vice President of the State Co-operative Bank, Kumaranasan Memorial Governing Board Member, President of the Perumkuzhi Service Co-operative Bank.
Joy had contested the uncertain Varkala constituency in 2016, capturing more than 2,000 votes and capturing the constituency with a majority of 17,821 in the second round. Considering this fighting spirit, Joy was elected as a member of the CPM state committee.
# Daniel Mortimer Friedman

Daniel Mortimer Friedman (February 8, 1916 – July 6, 2011) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and previously was chief judge of the United States Court of Claims.

## Education and career

Born in New York City, New York, Friedman received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Columbia University in 1937, and a Bachelor of Laws from Columbia Law School in 1940. He entered private practice in New York City until 1942, and was briefly an attorney for the Securities and Exchange Commission in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Washington, D.C. in 1942. He joined the United States Army in September 1942 and was in the Quartermaster Corps, including service in Europe during World War II. He was discharged in February 1946 as a master sergeant.
Following his military service, he returned to the Securities and Exchange Commission until 1951, when he became assistant chief of the appellate section of the Antitrust Division in the United States Department of Justice, in Washington, D.C. In 1959, he joined the Office of the United States Solicitor General, serving as an assistant to the solicitor general from 1959 to 1962, then as a second assistant to the solicitor general until 1968, and then as first deputy solicitor general until 1978. He was the Acting United States Solicitor General in 1977.

## Federal judicial service

On March 22, 1978, Friedman was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to become Chief judge of the United States Court of Claims, to the seat vacated by Chief Judge Arnold Wilson Cowen. Friedman was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 17, 1978, and received his commission on May 19, 1978. When the Court of Claims was abolished during the Reagan Administration he was reassigned on October 1, 1982, by operation of the Federal Courts Improvement Act, 96 Stat. 25, to be a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. He assumed senior status on November 1, 1989, and served in that capacity until his death on July 6, 2011, in Washington, D.C.

## Legacy

In cooperation with former clerks of Friedman, the Federal Circuit Bar Association in 2012 established the Friedman Memorial Committee to honor Friedman's memory, spirit, and accomplishments. The Committee organizes a prestigious annual lecture, the Judge Daniel M. Friedman Appellate Lecture, to advance the field of appellate advocacy. The first annual lecture on November 16, 2012, featured Chief Judge Frank H. Easterbrook of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
# Carolyn Dineen King

Carolyn Dineen King (born January 30, 1938) is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. Her chambers are in Houston, Texas.

## Education and career

Born in Syracuse, New York, King received a Bachelor of Arts degree, summa cum laude, from Smith College in 1959. She received a Bachelor of Laws from Yale Law School in 1962. After the United States Attorney's office in Houston denied her a position as an Assistant United States Attorney—she believes it was because she was a woman—she joined Fulbright & Jaworski as a corporate and securities lawyer. She was in private practice of law in Houston, Texas from 1962 to 1979.

## Federal judicial service

King was nominated by President Jimmy Carter on April 30, 1979, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, to a new seat created by 92 Stat. 1629. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 12, 1979, and received her commission on July 13, 1979. She served as the first female chief judge from 1999 to 2006. She assumed senior status on December 31, 2013. She was nominated and served until January 1, 1988, under the name Carolyn Dineen Randall. In 2002, at the request of Chief Justice William Rehnquist, she became the first woman to chair the executive committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States.

## Honors and awards

In 2007, King received the Edward J. Devitt Distinguished Service to Justice Award from the American Judicature Society. King is also a 1997 recipient of the Smith College Medal and the American Bar Association's Margaret Brent Award. In 2014, she was honored by the American College of Bankruptcy with its Distinguished Service award.

## Notable activities

King was elected to the American Law Institute in 1985 and was elected to the ALI Council in 1991. She served as ALI's Treasurer from May 2010 to May 2013.

## Personal life

King served under the name Carolyn Dineen Randall from 1979 to 1988. She married senior Fifth Circuit Judge Thomas Morrow Reavley in August 2004.
King is widely considered to be a political and judicial moderate.

## Notable case

On December 18, 2019, King dissented when the Fifth Circuit declared the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate unconstitutional.