OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elizabeth Crewson Paris

Elizabeth Crewson Paris (born January 14, 1958) is a senior judge of the United States Tax Court. She was appointed by President George W. Bush in February 2008. Her nomination passed the United States Senate in July 2008, and she was sworn in on July 30, 2008. Her term expired on July 29, 2023.
Paris was born in Altus, Jackson County, Oklahoma. She is the older of two siblings, she was raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma, earning a bachelor's degree from the University of Tulsa in 1980, a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Tulsa College of Law in 1987, and a Master of Laws in taxation from the University of Denver in 1993. She is a former partner at Brumley Bishop and Paris, senior associate at McKenna and Cueno, and tax partner at Reinhart Boerner Van Deuren in the firm's Denver office. Paris served as Tax Counsel to the United States Senate Finance Committee from 2000 to 2008. She formerly taught in Georgetown University Law Center's LL.M. Taxation Program and the University of Tulsa College of Law.
# Benjamin Bourne

Benjamin Bourne (September 9, 1755 – September 17, 1808) was a United States representative from Rhode Island, a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island and a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Circuit Court for the First Circuit.

## Education and career

Born on September 9, 1755, in Bristol in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Bourne was the son of Shearjashub Bourn, a lawyer who eventually served on the Rhode Island Supreme Court. Like his father, Bourne graduated from Harvard University in 1775, received a Master of Arts degree from the same institution in 1778, and read law. He was quartermaster of the Second Rhode Island Regiment in 1776. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Providence, Rhode Island. He was a deputy in the Rhode Island General Assembly in 1780 and from 1787 to 1790. He was clerk of the Rhode Island General Assembly from 1780 to 1786. He was a Justice of the Peace in Providence from 1785 to 1790.

## Congressional service

Upon the ratification of the United States Constitution by the State of Rhode Island, Bourne was elected as a Pro-Administration candidate from Rhode Island's at-large congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 1st through the 3rd United States Congresses and as a Federalist to the 4th and 5th United States Congresses and served from August 31, 1790, until his resignation on October 13, 1796, before the close of the 4th United States Congress.

## Federal judicial service

Bourne received a recess appointment from President George Washington on October 13, 1796, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island vacated by Judge Henry Marchant. He was nominated to the same position by President Washington on December 21, 1796. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 22, 1796, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on February 20, 1801, due to his elevation to the First Circuit.
Bourne was nominated by President John Adams on February 18, 1801, to the United States Circuit Court for the First Circuit, to a new seat authorized by 2 Stat. 89. He was confirmed by the Senate on February 20, 1801, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on July 1, 1802, due to abolition of the court.

## Later service and death

Following his departure from the federal bench, Bourne resumed private practice in Providence and Bristol from 1801 to 1808. He died on September 17, 1808, in Bristol. He was interred in Juniper Hill Cemetery in Bristol.

## Family

Bourne was a first cousin once removed of Massachusetts United States Representative Shearjashub Bourne.
# RJMetrics

RJMetrics is an American software company headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The company offers big data analytics to small and midsize businesses.

## History

RJMetrics was founded in 2008 by Jake Stein and Robert J. Moore. The company had over 300 customers as of September 2014.

### Funding

RJMetrics was a bootstrapped company until it received its first round of funding in 2012. The seed round was $1.2 million and came from Red Swan Ventures, Vision Ventures, SoftTech VC, Zelkova Ventures, Lerer Ventures, and SV Angel. In May 2013, RJMetrics received its Series A funding of $6.25 million from Trinity Ventures and SoftTech VC.
In September 2014, RJMetrics received its Series B funding of $16.5 million from SoftTech VC, Trinity Ventures, and August Capital. To-date, the Series B funding is one of the biggest rounds of funding received by a Philadelphia-based IT startup.

### Acquisition

In August 2016, Magento acquired RJMetrics, and Stitch, Inc. was spun out as an independent company, with the same investors as RJMetrics.

## Platform

RJMetrics is a software as a service business intelligence platform. In July 2014 RJMetrics announced the v2 release of its product and rebranded as an analytics platform. The release included improvements to every major part of the software.
* Analytic Warehouse: Built on Amazon Redshift
* Transformation Cluster: Built on top of Hadoop
* Visualization Interface: Allows users to perform cohort analysis, calculate repeat event probability, and combine data from multiple sources

## Data journalism

RJMetrics has received a significant amount of press for their data journalism. Notable coverage includes:
* The Wall Street Journal covering RJMetrics’ analysis of Crunchbase
* Fast Company covering RJMetrics’ analysis of Airbnb
* Forbes covering RJMetrics’ analysis of the ALS ice bucket challenge
* TechCrunch covering RJMetrics’ analysis of the Biz Stone's Jelly App
In 2012, comedian Daniel Tosh covered RJMetrics' analysis of Chatroulette
# Carlos Bea

Carlos Tiburcio Bea (born April 18, 1934) is a Spanish-born American judge and lawyer. He is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. He was appointed to that court by President George W. Bush in 2003 to replace Judge Charles Edward Wiggins.

## Biography

Bea was born in San Sebastian, Spain and emigrated with his family in 1939 to Cuba. While present under a non-immigrant visa, he studied at Stanford University and received his Bachelor of Arts degree there in 1956. He joined Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity while at Stanford. In 1952, Bea represented Cuba as a member of the country's basketball team in the Helsinki Olympics. Upon his return, he was put into deportation proceedings for allegedly avoiding the draft. Bea suggested to the immigration judge that he be drafted to cure the apparent violation, but the judge refused as the Korean War had already ended. Bea won his appeal at the Board of Immigration Appeals, opining that the lower court had abused its discretion. After having his residency reinstated and accumulating the requisite physical presence, Bea petitioned for and became a naturalized citizen in 1959. He attended Stanford Law School and received his Juris Doctor in 1958. He was in private practice in California after that, but in 1990 he became a trial judge on the San Francisco County Superior Court. He served there until his appointment to the Ninth Circuit in 2003.

## Federal judicial service

Bea had previously been nominated in 1991 to be a federal district judge for the United States District Court for the Northern District of California by President George H. W. Bush, but he never received a vote in the Senate.
Bush nominated Bea to the Ninth Circuit on April 11, 2003. The United States Senate confirmed him on September 29, 2003 by a 86–0 vote. Bea received his commission on October 1, 2003. In June 2019, Bea announced his intention to assume senior status upon the nomination, confirmation and appointment of a successor. He assumed senior status on December 12, 2019.

## Personal life

His son is Olympic rower Sebastian Bea. The Bea family lived in the historic Casebolt House (built c. 1865) in Cow Hollow, San Francisco.
# Trade Space Visualizer

The Trade Space Visualizer is a data visualization tool developed at the Applied Research Laboratory (ARL) at The Pennsylvania State University. Initial development started in 2002, and it is currently supported by a team at ARL/Penn State.

## Overview

The Trade Space Visualizer is a Java-based tool that includes multidimensional visualization techniques to display data files. The interface can load data in tabular format (.txt or .csv format). Recent work has focused on using the interface to drive underlying simulation models, by allowing users to place visual steering commands within data visualization plots.

### Visualization Capabilities

* 3D Glyph Plots
* 2D Scatter Plot
* Scatter Matricies
* Parallel Coordinates
* Histogram plots
* Binned Plots

### Additional Features

* Visual Steering
* Brushing/Linked Views
* Preference Shading
* Pareto Frontiers
* Supports continuous, discrete, categorical, and datetime variables
* K-Means Clustering
* Principal Component Analysis
* Add Calculated Columns
# Drishti (client)

Drishti (from Sanskrit दृष्टि dr̥ṣţi, meaning "vision" or "insight") is a multi-platform, open-source volume-exploration and presentation tool. Written for visualizing tomography data, electron-microscopy data and the like, it aims to ease understanding of data sets and to assist with conveying that understanding to the research community or to lay persons. From the website:
   "The central idea about Drishti is that the scientists should be able to use it for exploring volumetric datasets as well as use it in presentations."
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia has used Drishti for a number of purposes, such as volumetric visualisation of various computer-tomography datasets. The Australian National University (ANU) Physics Department, along with the author of the software, has used it for (amongst other things) the analysis of immiscible flow in massive 3D systems. Further uses were presented at the APAC '07.
Among other software, Drishti uses Qt for the GUI widgets and OpenGL Extension Wrangler Library (GLEW).

## Features

* Volumetric view of a tooth in Drishti showing 2D transfer function capabilities
* Volumetric view of an aneurysm in Drishti
* Streamlines in Drishti
Drishti provides a number of features that would otherwise require several proprietary volume visualisation programs or that are simply not available together in other software:
* volume rendering: drawing a scalar function defined over a volumetric region of space with some translucent appearance so that the interior of the dataset can be observed.
* 2D Transfer functions (or Lookup tables): In addition to, or instead of thresholding, Drishti allows the user to apply transfer functions across "density" or "value" as well as gradient.
* clipping: removing some spatial region from a dataset.
* Streamlines
* Masking
* Brick Animations
* Realtime animation and movie export with:
** camera choreography (camera position, pan, rotation, zoom, etc.)
** transfer-function choreography
** time series choreography
** sub-volume choreography
* Importing DICOM image stack in addition to the current raw and processed (netCDF) volume file formats.
* Tensor visualization using superellipsoids
* Network (Graph) visualization
* Remap facility for remapping 16/32 bit volumes to 8 bit volumes
* Cropping and scaling facility for image stacks
* Cropping and scaling facility for RAW volumes
* Saving movies from the program
# Curtis V. Gómez

Curtis Vincent Gómez (born March 26, 1963) is a senior United States district judge of the District Court of the Virgin Islands.

## Education

Gómez earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from George Washington University and his Juris Doctor from the Harvard Law School.

## Legal career

Gómez was an attorney with the law firms of Patton Boggs in the District of Columbia, and Dudley, Topper & Feuerzeig in the Virgin Islands. He served as a federal prosecutor in the Office of the United States Attorney for the District of the Virgin Islands.

## Federal judicial service

On November 25, 2003, President George W. Bush nominated Gómez to serve a ten-year term as a United States district judge of the District Court of the Virgin Islands. On April 4, 2004, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On April 29, 2004, the Committee reported his nomination favorably to the senate floor. On November 21, 2004, the full United States Senate confirmed his nomination by voice vote. Gómez assumed senior status on April 27, 2020.
# Gregory L. Frost

Gregory Lynn Frost (born April 17, 1949) is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio.

## Education and career

Born in Newark, Ohio, Frost received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Wittenberg University in 1971 and a Juris Doctor from the Claude W. Pettit College of Law at Ohio Northern University in 1974. He was an Assistant prosecuting attorney of Licking County Prosecuting Attorney's Office, Ohio from 1974 to 1978, entering private practice in Ohio from 1978 to 1983. He was a judge on the Licking County Municipal Court from 1983 to 1990, and on the Licking County Common Pleas Court from 1990 to 2003.

## District court service

On January 7, 2003, Frost was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio vacated by George Curtis Smith. Frost was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 10, 2003, and received his commission on March 11, 2003. He retired on May 2, 2016.

## Sources

* ↑ Bliss, Mary L. (2000), The American Bench, Forster-Long, p. 1953, ISBN 9780931398421, retrieved May 1, 2016
# VisAD

VisAD is a Java component library for interactive and collaborative visualization and analysis of numerical data. It combines a flexible data model and distributed objects (via Java RMI) to support sharing of data, visualizations and user interfaces between different data sources, different computers and different scientific disciplines. It is licensed under the GNU LGPL.
VisAD is the basis of the Integrated Data Viewer, McIDAS V and other systems.
# Paul Ma Cunguo

Paul Ma Cunguo (Chinese: 马存国; born 1971) is a Chinese Roman Catholic Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Shuozhou since 2007.

## Biography

Ma was born into a Catholic family in 1971. He was ordained a priest on March 23, 1996. He accepted the episcopacy with the papal mandate on February 8, 2004. On March 15, 2007, after the death of his predecessor Bonaventure Luo Juan, he became bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Shuozhou.
# January 1871 Durham City by-election

The 1871 Durham City by-election was held on 14 January 1871. It was uncontested and retained by incumbent Liberal Party MP John Robert Davison. However, Davison died in April, and a second by-election was held later in the month.

## Background

The by-election was held due to Davison becoming Judge Advocate General. When an MP was appointed to certain ministerial posts then they were obliged to stand again for Parliament under the Succession to the Crown Act 1707 in what became known as a ministerial by-election.

## Campaign

Although Davison began a campaign for the election, he stopped after realising that there would be no opposition. However, a week before the nomination, Davison was lobbied by a nonconformist group over the recent Education Act. Davison told the group that he was unable to make a substantial comment on the issue and that he felt he should support the government's position.

## Nomination

The nomination took place at 11am on 14 January in Durham Town Hall. Davison was nominated by George Robson and seconded by HJ Marshall. The mayor asked whether there were any other candidates. After receiving no answer, he asked for a show of hands and declared Davison elected. Davison then thanked the attendees, which included fellow Liberal MPs Hedworth Williamson and Joseph Dodds, who represented the nearby North Durham and Stockton-on-Tees constituencies. He made a short speech in which he claimed that Prime Minister Gladstone still had the confidence of the public. and that the government had kept every promise it had made. Following his speech, the town clerk read the formal declaration of election.
# Don McAllister

Donald McAllister (born 26 May 1953) is an English former professional footballer who played as a central defender for Bolton Wanderers, Tottenham Hotspur, Charlton Athletic, Tampa Bay Rowdies and Rochdale.

## Football career

McAllister joined local club Bolton Wanderers as an apprentice in June 1970. He played on 156 occasions including one as substitute and scoring twice.
He signed for Tottenham Hotspur in February 1975 in a £80,000 transfer deal where he went on to make 209 appearances including five as sub and scoring ten goals in all competitions.
During his career at the club he was a member of the 1977 relegation side and the 1978 team that won promotion and played a part in the FA Cup winning squad of 1980–81.
In the summer of 1977, he went on loan to the Washington Diplomats of the North American Soccer League.
McAllister joined Charlton Athletic in August 1981, where he featured in 55 matches and netted six goals.
In 1984, he played one game for the Tampa Bay Rowdies. He finished his career at Rochdale after a further three appearances.

## After football

McAllister emigrated to Sydney, Australia, where he worked as a finance manager for many years. He is now retired and relocated to Queensland in late 2015.
# Syceus

In Greek mythology, Syceus (Ancient Greek: Συκεύς, Sykeus, from συκέα meaning "fig-tree") was a Titan son of Gaea (Earth) and eponym of the city of Sykea in Cilicia.

## Mythology

Only Athenaeus in his Deipnosophistae mentioned Sykeus' myth with his source being Tryphon's Of Plants (or Names of Plants) and Androtion's Farmers' Handbook:
   Sykeus, one of the Titans, was pursued by Zeus and taken under the protection of his mother, Earth, and that she caused the plant [the fig] to grow for her son's pleasure.
# Paolo Piapan

Paolo Piapan (born 31 August 1956, in Trieste) is a retired Italian triple jumper.

## Biography

He finished fifth at the 1971 European Indoor Championships in Milan.
His personal best jump was 16.54 metres, achieved in May 1979 in Salsomaggiore. The Italian record currently belongs to Fabrizio Donato with 17.60 metres. He has 23 caps in national team from 1975 to 1986.

## National titles

Paolo Piapan has won 5 times the individual national championship.
* 3 wins in the triple jump (1976, 1978, 1981)
* 2 wins in the triple jump indoor (1978, 1979)
# Every Child Has Opportunities Charter School

Every Child Has Opportunities (ECHO) Charter School is a charter school located in Echo, Minnesota, United States. The school serves about 60 students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Echo Minnesota has a total area of 1.0 square miles (2.6 km²), all of it is land and none of it is covered in water.

## History

Echo became a charter school in the fall of 1997.

## Extracurricular activities

Dinner Theater is an extracurricular activity at Echo Charter School.
Other extracurricular activities include Choir, Band, Football, Volleyball, Basketball, Knowledge Bowl, and Track. Choir and Band are classes that consists of music. The ECHO music program is mandatory for elementary and underclassmen. For High School it is just a credit class that is an option for them. The football team is called the Rockets. This team was formed in the 2008–2009 school year. Volleyball is also new to ECHO they also formed the same year as the Football team. Knowledge Bowl is an extra class that tests your knowledge in all sorts of subjects. They compete in tournaments against other schools around the region. Basketball is a sport that has been at Echo for a while. ECHO Charter School has built a gym that hosts basketball and volleyball games. Track is a new sport at ECHO this school year 2010–2011.
# Pumpkinhead: Ashes to Ashes

Pumpkinhead: Ashes to Ashes is a 2006 made-for-television supernatural slasher horror film and the third installment in the Pumpkinhead film series of horror films. The film is directed by Jake West (Evil Aliens), who co-wrote the screenplay with Barbara Werner.

## Plot

Pumpkinhead: Ashes to Ashes plotline follows more closely to the first film, with townspeople angered over the local mortician stealing and selling the organs of their loved ones and then dumping the corpses in a swamp, rather than cremating them. When the townspeople find out, they have the old witch Haggis summon Pumpkinhead through the mummified body of Ed Harley (played by Lance Henriksen, who reprises his role from the first film). Pumpkinhead then proceeds to go on his killing rampage murdering all those responsible for the desecration, while Doc Frasier (Doug Bradley) hurries to murder those who summoned Pumpkinhead, which will effectively kill the demon in the process.

## Cast

* Doug Bradley as Dr. "Doc" Fraser
* Lance Henriksen as Ed Harley
* Lisa McAllister as Dahlia Wallace
* Tess Panzer as Molly Sue Allen
* Emanuel Parvu as Oliver Allen
* Ioana Ginghina as Ellie Johnson
* Douglas Roberts as Bunt Wallace
* Radu Iacobian as Richie
* Catalin Paraschiv as Ronnie Johnson
* Dan Astileanu as Sheriff Bullock
* Dicu Aurel as Tiny Wallace
* Iulian Glita as Junior Wallace
* Lynne Verrall as Haggis
* Emil Hostina as Lenny
* Philip Bowen as Reverend McGee
* Vasilescu Valentin as Deputy Ben
* Bart Sidles as Fred
* Mircea Stoian as Agent Bensen
* Radu Banzaru as Agent Black

## Production

Initially announced as Pumpkinhead 3, it was filmed back-to-back with another sequel titled Pumpkinhead 4 in Bucharest, Romania. The films were renamed Pumpkinhead: Ashes to Ashes and Pumpkinhead: Blood Feud, respectively, before their release.
Lance Henriksen had been asked by the producers of Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings to return, but Henriksen declined having read the script deeming it "terrible". Henriksen returned to the role of Ed Harley after talking with Ashes to Ashes director Jake West and Blood Feud director Michael Hurst responding positively to their ideas and excited to play Ed Harley as a ghost. In contrast to prior films most of the effects work was done with CGI rather than practical effects.

## Release

Pumpkinhead: Ashes to Ashes premiered on SCI FI on October 28, 2006, followed by a home video release on March 27, 2007.

## Reception

Ian Jane of DVD Talk rated it 2/5 stars and criticized its "cheap, shoddy filmmaking". Dread Central rated it 2/5 stars and wrote: "Despite the cast and crew's obvious devotion to the original, Ashes to Ashes hits every pitfall in the low-budget realm". Virginia Heffernan of The New York Times called it unmemorable and "rote slasher stuff". In an interview with YouTuber Comic Book Girl 19, Lance Henriksen expressed his disappointment with the film.