OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Read (pirate)

William Read (died 1701, last name occasionally Reed) was a pirate active in the Indian Ocean near Madagascar. He is best known for rescuing fellow pirate captains John Bowen and Thomas White.

## History

Read was captain of Alexander, a 60-ton brigantine based out of Madagascar. Around 1701 he stopped near the settlement of a local native king. Thomas White and John Bowen had been aboard a French pirate ship which wrecked nearby and had been in the care of the king for over a year. The king was hospitable but insisted they leave on the first ship to arrive. Read took them aboard and proceeded around the Madagascar coast, picking up stranded European sailors to increase his crew. Bowen was elected sailing master and handled navigation for Alexander.
Now with 40 to 60 men they sailed to the Persian Gulf and took a 200-ton grab loaded with bale goods. Thinking the bales worthless, the pirates threw them overboard, not realizing the ship's crew had hidden their gold and valuables inside the bales. Read soon died of illness, replaced by a Captain James, who was himself replaced by Bowen after they had exchanged Alexander for the captured grab. Thomas White remained aboard until leaving to sail with Nathaniel North.
William Read of Alexander should not be confused with William Read of Ranger, a pirate who served under Captain Charles Harris until Harris was abandoned by Edward Low and captured by HMS Greyhound in 1723.
# Kabu (album)

Kabu is the second album by the Ethiopian singer Aster Aweke. It was released in 1991 via Columbia Records.
The album peaked at No. 4 on Billboard's World Music chart. Aweke supported the album with several North American concert dates.

## Production

The Washington D.C.–based Aweke sang the song lyrics in her native Amharic language. The album was produced by Iain Scott and Bunt Stafford Clark. Aweke mixed soul music sounds and raï with Ethiopian instruments, including the krar.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Calgary Herald | B+ |
| Robert Christgau | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B+ |
| The Philadelphia Inquirer | |
Trouser Press deemed the album "heavy on midtempo grooves and ballads," writing that "the synthesizer on 'Kabu (Sacred Rock)' mimics a bass kalimba while Aweke’s vocals swoop and soar like a hummingbird." Spin called it "mildly disappointing," but praised Aweke's voice for cutting through the "snooty" production. Entertainment Weekly thought that "Kabu broadens the U.S.-based singer’s range with tight waves of fusion-based rock over which she can madly surf." Robert Christgau praised "Yedi Gosh (My Guy)".
The New York Times wrote that Aweke's "voice, thin, but sure and pliable, weaves in and around, stenciling delicate melodies against the band." The Calgary Herald determined that "the horn charts are brash and brassy while the marimbas, shakers and bass convey a sense of the primal." Stereo Review concluded that "Aweke unleashes her inner self, uttering oddly twisted wails and singing intricately elaborated melodic lines that can be as lovely as a piece of lace or as tough as a spider's web." The Province opined that "Aweke sounds more sure of her direction and more at home in music that also is a happier blend of her roots and North American pop and jazz."
AllMusic wrote that "Aweke's voice sounds even earthier and more passionate than on her debut album."
# Jacob Zook House

The Jacob Zook House, also known as the Rodney House and Store, is an historic American home that is located on the East Lincoln Highway in Exton, West Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

## History and architectural features

This historic structure is a 2+1⁄2-story, T-shaped, stone dwelling. The house was built circa 1820, and was designed in the Federal style. It has a "T" kitchen wing that was added in 1850. It has a one-storey, projecting storefront that replaces the original porch.
In 2010, it housed the "Green Papaya" fast food restaurant; however, from 2013, it housed the "Biryani King" Indian restaurant.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.
# Jacobson Farm

The Jacobson Farm is located southeast of Decorah, Iowa, United States. It was owned and operated by the Jacobson family for 127 years. One generation overlapped the next, which led to a gradual evolution of changes instead of sudden changes. This evolution is exemplified in the house and barn, which have been altered over the years to accommodate changing needs but contain some of their original construction. The original portions of the buildings shows a mastery of Norwegian log construction. The later additions were also built according to the Norwegian tradition as independent units, but using framing techniques that adapted from American builders. There is also a substantial amount of written documentation in the form of letters, diaries, tax receipts, and photographs that help to precisely document the history of the farm.
Another historical aspect of the farm is its association with Abraham Jacobson, who was the second generation owner/operator. He had made a connection with Robert Todd Lincoln, the son of Abraham Lincoln, when he studied theology in Springfield, Illinois in the 1850s. The two remained in contact over the years. Jacobson served the Lutheran Church until he left the ministry in 1887 to take over the farm's operations. He also served as president of a mutual insurance company, conducted horticultural experiments, wrote for periodicals and newspapers, and served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1903 to 1905.
The farm was donated by the Jacobson family to the Vesterheim Norwegian-American Museum in 1977. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# G-module

In mathematics, given a group G, a G-module is an abelian group M on which G acts compatibly with the abelian group structure on M. This widely applicable notion generalizes that of a representation of G. Group (co)homology provides an important set of tools for studying general G-modules.
The term G-module is also used for the more general notion of an R-module on which G acts linearly (i.e. as a group of R-module automorphisms).

## Definition and basics

Let $G$ be a group. A left $G$-module consists of an abelian group $M$ together with a left group action $\rho :G\times M\to M$ such that
    $g\cdot (a_{1}+a_{2})=g\cdot a_{1}+g\cdot a_{2}$
for all $a_{1}$ and $a_{2}$ in $M$ and all $g$ in $G$, where $g\cdot a$ denotes $\rho (g,a)$. A right $G$-module is defined similarly. Given a left $G$-module $M$, it can be turned into a right $G$-module by defining $a\cdot g=g^{-1}\cdot a$.
A function $f:M\rightarrow N$ is called a morphism of $G$-modules (or a $G$-linear map, or a $G$-homomorphism) if $f$ is both a group homomorphism and $G$-equivariant.
The collection of left (respectively right) $G$-modules and their morphisms form an abelian category $G{\textbf {-Mod}}$ (resp. ${\textbf {Mod-}}G$). The category $G{\text{-Mod}}$ (resp. ${\text{Mod-}}G$) can be identified with the category of left (resp. right) $\mathbb {Z} G$-modules, i.e. with the modules over the group ring $\mathbb {Z} [G]$.
A submodule of a $G$-module $M$ is a subgroup $A\subseteq M$ that is stable under the action of $G$, i.e. $g\cdot a\in A$ for all $g\in G$ and $a\in A$. Given a submodule $A$ of $M$, the quotient module $M/A$ is the quotient group with action $g\cdot (m+A)=g\cdot m+A$.

## Examples

* Given a group $G$, the abelian group $\mathbb {Z}$ is a $G$-module with the trivial action $g\cdot a=a$.
* Let $M$ be the set of binary quadratic forms $f(x,y)=ax^{2}+2bxy+cy^{2}$ with $a,b,c$ integers, and let $G={\text{SL}}(2,\mathbb {Z} )$ (the 2×2 special linear group over $\mathbb {Z}$). Define
       $(g\cdot f)(x,y)=f((x,y)g^{t})=f\left((x,y)\cdot {\begin{bmatrix}\alpha &\gamma \\\beta &\delta \end{bmatrix}}\right)=f(\alpha x+\beta y,\gamma x+\delta y),$
    where
       $g={\begin{bmatrix}\alpha &\beta \\\gamma &\delta \end{bmatrix}}$
    and $(x,y)g$ is matrix multiplication. Then $M$ is a $G$-module studied by Gauss. Indeed, we have
       $g(h(f(x,y)))=gf((x,y)h^{t})=f((x,y)h^{t}g^{t})=f((x,y)(gh)^{t})=(gh)f(x,y).$
* If $V$ is a representation of $G$ over a field $K$, then $V$ is a $G$-module (it is an abelian group under addition).

## Topological groups

If $G$ is a topological group and $M$ is an abelian topological group, then a topological G-module is a G-module where the action map $G\times M\rightarrow M$ is continuous (where the product topology is taken on $G\times M$).
In other words, a topological G-module is an abelian topological group $M$ together with a continuous map $G\times M\rightarrow M$ satisfying the usual relations $g(a+a')=ga+ga'$, $(gg')a=g(g'a)$, and $1a=a$.
# Asty

Asty (Greek: ἄστυ; Ancient Greek:) is an ancient Greek word denoting the physical space of a city or town, especially as opposed to the political concept of a polis, which encompassed the entire territory and citizen body of a city-state. A similar distinction exists in Latin between urbs and civitas.
In Classical Athens, the term was used specifically for the urban demoi of Attica, as opposed to the inland (mesogeia) and coastal (paralia) demoi that comprised each of the ten Attic tribes. Despite their name, most of the demoi of the asty were rural in character. Comprising about 42 of the 139 demoi of the Athenian state, they provided about 130 bouleutai in the 500-strong boule. However, due to their proximity to the city of Athens, they were over-represented in the institutions of the Athenian democracy; in surviving records, the names of the bouleutai from the asty are mentioned 1.5 to 2 times as often as those from the rest of Attica.

## Asty Demoi

Asty demoi located within Athens inside the Themistoclean Wall:
* Coele
* Collytus
* Cydathenaeum
* Melite
* Scambonidae
Asty demoi located Within Athens outside the Themistoclean Wall:
* Ankyle (Upper & Lower)
* Agryle (Upper & Lower)
* Alopece
* Butadae
* Cerameis
* Ceriadae
* Daedalidae
* Diomea
* Laciadae
* Piraeus
* Xypete
Asty demoi located outside Athens:
* Cholargos
* Colonae
* Ikarion
* Probalinthos
* Rhamnous
* Semachidae
Unlocated asty demoi:
* Cholleidai
* Eitea
* Hippotomadai
* Otryne
# Cities in Motion 2

Cities in Motion 2 is a 2013 business simulation game that was developed by Colossal Order and published by Paradox Interactive and is the sequel to the popular mass transit simulation game Cities in Motion. As with its predecessor, the goal of the game is to create efficient public transport systems in different major cities of the world. In this edition, there are several new features that the developers introduced based on community feedback about the previous game, including day/night cycles, rush hours and the ability to create timetables. The additions also include dynamic cities where players' decisions have a notable impact on city growth, and the inclusion of cooperative and competitive multi-player. The developer of Cities in Motion 2, Colossal Order, also developed Cities: Skylines, which is also a city building game with a mass transit system.

## Gameplay

Gameplay of Cities in Motion 2 is similar to that of its previous game Cities In Motion. The player is required to place depots around the map of which routes will run out of and end in. Routes can either be circular or run in an A-B fashion but they must always start and end at a depot. Depots have a maximum number of vehicles held inside before another vehicle has to wait in a queue until another vehicle leaves the depot and makes space for it. More vehicles can be stored in a single depot and vehicles can hold more people and be cheaper through the use of a user created ruleset which can be created or modified in an in-game ruleset editor.
The game has an extensive scenario with many missions spanning all in-game maps and custom scenarios can be created or modified using the in-game Scenario Editor. The game also has a built-in Map Editor. All custom Rulesets, Scenarios and maps can be shared via the Steam Workshop.

## Development

Cities in Motion 2 was announced for Linux on 3 January 2014.

## Reception

Aggregate scores :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 74.43% |
| Metacritic | 72/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Destructoid | 6.5/10 |
| IGN | 7.5/10 |
| Hooked Gamers | 6.5/10 |
| Strategy Informer | 7.5/10 |
Cites in Motion 2 received mixed reviews. It holds a Metacritic score of 72 (based on 15 reviews), with many critics citing the game's lack of a smooth interface and steep learning curve as the two biggest problems.
# James Alexander House

James Alexander House (also known as the Alexander-Long House) is a historic house located near Spottswood, Augusta County, Virginia.

## Description and history

It was built in 1827, and is a two-story, four-bay, double-pile, hall-and-parlor plan, banked brick dwelling with a gable roof. It features four exterior end chimneys and a four-bay neocolonial porch added around the turn of the 20th century. The interior features Federal style woodwork. Also on the property are a contributing two-level limestone spring house, frame barn, smokehouse, and livestock houses.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 16, 1982.
# Albert Perera

Albert Perera (22 December 1918 – 1 March 1968) was a Sri Lankan boxer who mainly competed in the bantamweight category.

## Career

He represented Ceylon at the 1948 Summer Olympics, the year Ceylon got independence from the British Empire. It was also the first Olympics where Ceylon was eligible to participate and Albert competed in the men's bantamweight event. Albert Perera also represented Ceylon at the 1950 British Empire Games and clinched a silver medal in the men's bantamweight category.
# James B. Stephens House

The James B. Stephens House is the oldest house in Portland located in southeast Portland, Oregon, United States. The structure is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Local journalism indicates it was built in 1862, but Portland Maps indicates it was built in 1868.
# James Benjamin Homestead

James Benjamin Homestead is a historic home located at Flanders in Suffolk County, New York. It consists of a main section, built about 1785, which is a two-story, center-entrance residence, and one- and two-story rear additions, built about 1900. Also on the property is a small, late 19th-century barn.
The house is hidden behind trees along New York State Route 24 and is a waterfront property along Reeves Bay, a segment of Flanders Bay, which is located between the Peconic River and the Great Peconic Bay.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
# James Blake House

The James Blake House is the oldest surviving house in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The house was built in 1661 and the date was confirmed by dendrochronology in 2007. It is located at 735 Columbia Road, in Edward Everett Square, just a block from Massachusetts Avenue. The Dorchester Historical Society now owns the building and tours are given on the third Sunday of the month.

## History

The house was built in a Western English style of post–medieval architecture by James Blake, an immigrant from England. The Blake family owned the house until 1825 when it was acquired by the Williams family. In 1891, the City of Boston acquired the house. In order to save the house from demolition in 1896, the Dorchester Historical Society acquired the property from the city and moved the house less than 500 feet from its original location by Massachusetts Avenue to its current location. In 1978, the interior and exterior of the house were designated as a Boston Landmark by the Boston Landmarks Commission.
The immediate area, as well as the house, have been undergoing an extensive renovation and preservation. The house was completely re-shingled and the grounds improved.
* Exterior, 1898
* "Ye Olde Blake House," 1920
* Interior
* Edward A. Huebner brick collection
# James Brown House (Riverdale, Iowa)

The James Brown House is a historic building located in Riverdale, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1982.

## History

James Brown and his family are the first residents known to have lived in this house. He wrote to his wife from Davenport in 1844 that he had leased the house. He bought the property in 1854. The previous joint owners of the property were Horace Bradley, Lucius Moss, Aaron Moss and Amasa Doolittle, and one of them probably built the structure. The Brown family continued to live in the house until around 1865. It became known as Riverview Farm and for thirty-five years it had a succession of owners. Davenport businessman James R. Nutting bought the property in 1900 and it remained in his family until 1920. Universal Atlas Portland Cement Company bought it from the Nuttings in the 1920s and then sold it to John Crissey in 1937. He restored and maintained the property for 30 years. Alcoa, which operates a plant across the highway, bought the house and grounds in 1967.

## Architecture

The stone house is situated on 5.8 acres (2.3 ha) at the base of a bluff overlooking the Mississippi River. The two-story structure is a vernacular interpretation of the Greek Revival style. At the same time, it reflects Roman or Jeffersonian Classicism found in the four-columned front porch and carved balustrades, the raised basement, and tall chimney stacks. The exterior walls and foundation are composed of coursed rubble stone that was quarried locally. For the most part, the windows are the six-over-six variety with wood sashes set in rectangular surrounds. They also feature stone lintels and lug sills. The main entrance is topped with a rectangular transom that is broken by two engaged piers and flanked by sidelights. The house is capped with a hipped roof that is sheathed in seamed tin. There are single gabled dormers on the north and south sides of the roof. At the roofline is a plain frieze and overhanging boxed cornice. Sometime before the turn of the 20th century a 1½-story clapboard addition was built onto the rear of the house. It was used as a blacksmith shop and as a summer kitchen.
# Herbert Graham Cannon

Herbert Graham Cannon FRS FRSE FLS FRMS (14 April 1897 – 6 January 1963) was a leading English zoologist and keen supporter of Lamarckism.

## Life

He was born in Wimbledon, London, on 14 April 1897 to David William Cannon, a compositor with Eyre & Spottiswoode, the third of four children. The family moved to Brixton when he was young. He won a scholarship and attended Wilson’s Grammar School in Camberwell, later winning a further scholarship to study zoology at Christ's College, Cambridge. He graduated with a BA from the University of Cambridge in 1918.
From 1920 to 1926 he lectured at University College London. In 1926 he received a professorship from Sheffield University. The bulk of his academic career, however, was spent as Beyer Professor of Zoology at Manchester University, 1931 to 1963.
In 1927 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, his proposers including James Hartley Ashworth. In 1935 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of London.
Cannon's Lamarckian views were heavily criticized by biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky. Regarding his research, science historian Peter J. Bowler has written:
   Cannon did extensive work on the functional morphology of arthropod feeding mechanisms in the 1920s, although his work was typical of the period in which phylogenetic considerations had dropped into the background even where the morphological tradition was continued. He did stress the role of habit in determining feeding structures, although his explicit support for Lamarckism came out only much later in his career.
His student was the entomologist Sidnie Manton.

## Marriage and death

Cannon was married to Annie Helen Fyfe. He died in hospital in London on 6 January 1963.

## Artistic recognition

Several bromide prints of Cannon, made by Walter Stoneman, are held by the National Gallery in London.

## Publications

Articles
* Cannon, Herbert Graham. (1957). What Lamarck Really Said. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 168: 70-87.
* Cannon, Herbert Graham. (1960). The Myth of the Inheritance of Acquired Characters. New Scientist. pp. 798–800.
Books
* Nebaliacea (1931)
* On the Rock-Boring Barnacle (1935)
* A Method of Illustration for Scientific Papers (1936)
* The John Murray expedition to the Indian Ocean (1940)
* Ostracoda (1940)
* The Evolution of Living Things (1958)
* Lamarck and Modern Genetics (1959)
# Donald Laverdure

Donald "Del" Laverdure (Crow Tribe of Montana/Chippewa.) was the Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs at the Department of the Interior and also served as the Acting Assistant Secretary, overseeing the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Bureau of Indian Education. He is also a former assistant professor of Law & Director of the American Indian Law Program at Michigan State University College of Law. He has served as Chairman of the Crow Nation Judicial Ethics Board, and Appellate Judge of the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community.

## Background

Donald "Del" Laverdure is an enrolled citizen of the Crow Tribe of Montana and a direct descendant of the Little Shell Band of Chippewa Indians. He was born at Crow Agency, Montana, and grew up on the Crow Indian Reservation. His mother was full-blood Crow, and his father was Ojibwe. Both fluently spoke the Crow language.

## Career

Laverdure has testified before the Parliament of Canada on issues such as self-governance legislation and the Crow Tribal Legislature on water rights, tobacco taxes, and tribal tax legislation. Prior to joining the Michigan State University College of faculty, Laverdure was executive director of the Great Lakes Indian Law Center at the University of Wisconsin Law School.
Laverdure served as the Chief Justice of the Crow Tribe Court of Appeals.
On April 27, 2012, upon the retirement of Larry Echo Hawk, Laverdure became the Acting Assistant Secretary, where he oversaw the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of Indian Education and several other offices. Laverdure served in this role for almost five months until President Barack Obama 's new nominee for Assistant Secretary, Kevin K. Washburn, was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in September 2012, and took office in early October of that year.
One of Laverdure's major accomplishments in his various roles at the Department of the Interior was shepherding new leasing regulations through the regulatory reform process. Among other improvements, the new leasing regulations provided for pre-emption of state taxation of commercial activities on leased Indian lands and greater deference to tribes in the decision-making process.
# Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company Warehouse and Repair Facility

The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company Warehouse and Repair Facility is an Art Deco industrial building, located at 1111 North Capitol Street, Northeast, Washington, D.C., in the NoMa neighborhood which houses the headquarters of National Public Radio.

## History

It was built in 1927. It housed C & P Telephone Company’s fleet of repair trucks, and telephone overhaul shop.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, in 2006. It was leased with an option to purchase, by the Smithsonian Institution. It was redeveloped with new construction as the fourth headquarters building of National Public Radio, which opened in April 2013. A new office tower of 10 to 12 stories was built behind the historic façade.
# Arthur Wellmann

Arthur Wellmann (7 July 1885 – 18 May 1960) was a German painter and sculptor. His work was part of the art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics and the 1932 Summer Olympics.