OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frank Q. Nebeker

Frank Quill Nebeker (April 23, 1930 – January 4, 2024) was an American jurist who served as a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims and the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.

## Life and career

Born in Utah, Nebeker received an associate degree in history from Weber College, a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Utah, and a Juris Doctor from American University. During his law school years, Nebeker worked as a correspondence secretary in the White House. He began his legal career in 1956 as a trial attorney in the Internal Security Division of the Department of Justice. Two years later, he became an Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, serving from 1962 to 1969 as the Chief of the Appellate Division. His reputation as an appellate counsel led to his appointment in 1969 as an Associate Judge on the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, where he had a reputation as a judicial conservative. He led several of his colleagues in opposition to Chief Judge Theodore R. Newman Jr., the first black chief judge of the court. He retired from the D.C. Court of Appeals in 1987, and served as a senior judge of that court until December 2021.
Nebeker's retirement was short. He was confirmed as Director of the Office of Government Ethics, responsible for developing and monitoring the rules which govern the conduct of those in the Executive Branch, and served from December 1987 to October 1989. When Congress provided for judicial review of veterans benefits decisions and created the U.S. Court of Veterans Appeals (now the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims), President George H. W. Bush appointed Nebeker, with the consent of the Senate, to be its first Chief Judge.
In November 2000, he retired from the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims and served in recall status until December 20, 2021.
Nebeker died in Arlington, Virginia, on January 4, 2024, at the age of 93.
# Heletz oil field

Heletz oil field is an Israeli oil field discovered in 1955.

## History

The Petroleum Development (Palestine) Ltd., an exploration subsidiary of the Iraq Petroleum Company had drilled a 3,464 feet hole near Hulayqat in 1947-1948, before they left Mandatory Palestine in February 1948 because of the conflict. Lapidoth Israel Oil Co. and Israel Oil Prospectors, Ltd. deepened the hole and struck oil (30° gravity crude) at 4,906 feet on September 22, 1955. A second pay was found just 40 feet below in October 1955. The well was Israels first producing oil well. David Ben Gurion visited the new well. The Oil and Gas Journal printed an overview of exploration activity across Israel in the 1955-10-03 issue.
A 4-mile 8-inch pipeline was completed in early April 1956, accompanied by 2 elevated 750 ton tanks at the field, from where the oil flowed by gravity at a rate of 40 tons per hour (ca. 7,000 barrels per day) to the nearby railhead at Beit Shikma, from where it was shipped to the Haifa refinery, replacing the previous mode of transport by tanker trucks. At that time, the Heletz No. 3 well had struck oil.
By June 1957, the field was producing at a rate of 2,000bbl/d from 12 producing wells. A new well 2 miles southeast of Heletz No. 10 (the most southeasterly well in the field) struck oil near Broor Haiel at 4,990 feet, Another well 2,600 feet northwest of the new discovery (and closer to Heletz No. 10) had been a dry hole.
Natural gas was found 11 miles south of Heletz in late August or early September 1957. Upon discovery a flame erupted and reached a height of 120 feet and burned for 24 hours.
Heletz is one of the biggest on-shore oil fields in Israel. It began production in 1960 and produces oil. Its oil proven reserves are about 94.4 million barrels (15.01×10^$^6$ m$^3$).
# Assault of Paso Cidra

vteParaguayan War :
Mato Grosso campaign
Marquês de Olinda
1st Corumbá
Fort Novo de Coimbra
Feio River
Dourados
Anhambaí
Coxim
Laguna
Apa River
2nd Corumbá
Alegre
Corrientes campaign
Corrientes
San Lorenzo River
Rio Grande do Sul
São Borja
Butuí
Uruguaiana
Riachuelo
Paso de Mercedes
Paso de Cuevas
Yatay
Pehuajó
Jaguarí
Humaitá campaign
Purutué Bank
Paso de Patria
Laguna Sirena
Itapirú
Estero Bellaco
Paso Cidra
1st Tuyutí
Yataytí Corá
Boquerón
Sauce
Palmar
Curuzú
Curupayty
Arroyo Hondo
Hacienda Laguna
Tuyú Cué
1st Passage of Curupayty
Pilar
Ombú
Estero Rojas
Perecué
Tatayibá
Potrero Obella
Humaitá
Passage
2nd Tuyutí
Paso Ipohy
2nd Passage of Curupayty
Laguna Cierva
Cabral and Lima Barros
1st Iasuií
2nd Iasuií
Poí Island
Barroso and Rio Grande
Acayuazá
Fortín Island
Pikysyry campaign
Yacaré
Paso de Tebicuarí
Surubí
Pikysyry
Dezembrada
Ytororó
Avay
Lomas Valentinas
Angostura
San Fernando
Asunción
Cordilleras campaign
Manduvirá River
Concepción
Ybytimí
Tupí-hú
Sapukái
Diarte
Piribebuy
Acosta Ñu
Piribebuy River
Hondo River
Itapytangua
Tacuaty
Curuguaty
Hucuratí
Loma Rugua
Caguijuru–Caraguataí
Iguatemi
Río Verde
Cambaceguá
Lomaruguá
Cerro Corá
Miranda :
The Assault of Paso Cidra was an allied military operation during the Paraguayan War, which took place on May 20, 1866, in Estero Bellaco, Paraguay. The action consisted of the assault by Brazilian forces of the 2nd Infantry Battalion, under the command of Vanderlei Lins, subordinate of Uruguayan general Venâncio Flores, to a Paraguayan entrenched position, defended by men of Lieutenant Colonel Avelino Cabral. The operation was successful, with taking the position and clearing the path for the Allied march.
# Battle of Bitlis

The Battle of Bitlis refers to a series of engagements in the summer of 1916 for the town of Bitlis and to a lesser extent nearby Muş, between Russian Imperial forces and their Ottoman counterparts. The town was the last stronghold of the Ottoman Empire preventing the Russians from entering Anatolia and Mesopotamia. Part of the battle is known as Battle of Muş
The first military confrontation at Bitlis occurred in July 1915, when Russian troops launched an unsuccessful assault on the town's fortifications. The second confrontation began in February 1916 and ended with the capture of Bitlis by new Russian corps, which largely consisted of the 1st Battalion of the Armenian volunteer units under the command of Andranik Ozanian. The Allied withdrawal from Gallipoli gave opportunity for Turkish forces to redeploy to the Caucasus region. Russian commander Nikolai Yudenich intended to attack the Turks before they could organize their forces to launch an attack. After a series of clashes in Koprukoy, Erzurum, Muş, the Russian IV Caucasian Corps captured Bitlis on 2-3 March, 1,000 more prisoners were taken in the city.
The Ottoman troops of Ahmed Izzet Pasha were composed of veterans from the Gallipoli campaign. They were to outflank the Russians in Bitlis before the end of March, but communications were terrible, and troops had to march from Ankara for a month. The Turkish Second Army's (belated) offensive began on 2 August 1916 and successfully took back Bitlis (and Muş) but lost other territories in the Euphrates region to the Russians. On 24 August, the Russian forces had recaptured both Mush and Bitlis. The Ottomans suffered 34,000 casualties, around half of which were POWs.
# Cook Islands Federation

The Cook Islands Federation was created in 1891, after the Kingdom of Rarotonga was given the island of Aitutaki. It lasted until 1901, when it was given to New Zealand.

## Geography

The Cook Islands Federation was made up of the islands of the southern group of the Cook Islands - Rarotonga, Mangaia, and Aitutaki - and the Nga-Pu-Toru - Atiu, Mauke, and Mitiaro.

## Law

The laws of the Cook Islands Federation were made by the local parliament, however, they had to receive approval from a Resident from Britain. In 1894, the Parliament pronounced a declaration on land, detailing Māori custom on land tenure, and stating that those customs could only be changed by each island's respective council.
In 1899, the Parliament of Cook Islands ruled that the high court of the Cook Islands Federation could not give any punishment worse than those outlined by the Criminal Code Act of 1893, and The Summary Jurisdiction Act of 1894, which were both laws of New Zealand, and that both acts of New Zealand were to be adopted entirely.

### Penal colonies

In 1892, the island of Takutea was set up as a penal colony, but in 1899 its use ceased, and the island of Manuae was used instead.
# Ibn Khaldun University

Ibn Khaldun University is a university located in Tiaret, Algeria. It was established in 1980.
In 2022, the university was ranked 15th in the national ranking of universities established by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Algeria.

## Faculties

The university has eight faculties:
* Faculty of Applied Sciences
* Faculty of Material Sciences
* Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science
* Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences
* Faculty of Law and Political Science
* Faculty of Economics, Commerce, and Management Sciences
* Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
* Faculty of Letters and Languages

## Institutes

* Institute of Veterinary Sciences
* Institute of Technology

## Vice-rectorates

* Vice-rectorate for First and Second Cycle Higher Education, Continuing Education, Diplomas, and Graduate Education
* Vice-rectorate for Third Cycle Higher Education, University Accreditation, Scientific Research, and Post-graduate Education
* Vice-rectorate for Development, Prospects, and Guidance
* Vice-rectorate for External Relations, Cooperation, Communication, and Scientific Events
# Tarpon Springs High School

28°08′39″N 82°46′43″W﻿ / ﻿28.14417°N 82.77861°W﻿ / 28.14417; -82.77861
Tarpon Springs High School is a public high school in Tarpon Springs, Florida. The school graduated its first class of seniors in the year 1906. The school is known for its football team, Band, Leadership Conservatory, Culinary department, and Veterinary Science Academy. Its mascot is a sponge diver, reflecting the town's history of sponge diving. The student body was composed of 89% white, 4% African-American, 3% Hispanic, 2% Asian, 2% Mixed-Race, and 0% American Indian. The majority of the school body was of Greek descent.

## Programs

* Veterinary Science Academy
* Leadership Conservatory of the Arts
* Culinary
* Cambridge (AICE)
* Early Childhood

### Clubs

The school in 2023 had more than 30 clubs, including:
* Academic Team
* Art Club
* Bowling Club
* Color Guard National Honor Society
* Cambridge Camaraderie Club
* Debate Club
* Drama Club
* Environment Club
* Fellowship of Christian Athletes
* Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA)
* Future Farmers of America
* Gay Straight Alliance (GSA)
* Greek National Honor Society
* Girl Friends of Pinellas
* Interact
* Key Club
* Maroon Mob
* Multi-cultural Committee
* Mu Alpha Theta (math honor society)
* National Honor Society
* National Art Honor Society
* PMAC
* Rotary Club
* Spanish Club
* Student Council
* SAVE Club
* Tri-M Music Honor Society
* Tarpon Springs Young Democrats
* Veterinary Science Club
* Yearbook

## Notable alumni

* Nikitas Loulias, Archbishop of Thyateira and Great Britain (2019-)
* Gus Bilirakis, politician
* Becky Burleigh, University of Florida Women’s Soccer Coach
* Mike Gruttadauria, former NFL player
* Bertie Higgins, singer-songwriter
* Scottie James (born 1996), basketball player for Hapoel Haifa in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
* Traci Koster, politician and attorney
* Don Smith, former NFL player for the Denver Broncos
* Kipp Vickers, former NFL player
* Ted Watts, former NFL player
* Mitchell Wilcox, NFL player (New England Patriots)
# Gwanggyosan

Gwanggyosan (582 m) is a mountain in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It lies on the border of Suwon and Yongin, though the wider range extends north and so also borders Uiwang, Gwacheon, Seoul, and Seongnam.
The summit offers views across Suwon, Yongin, and Bundang. The mountain is commonly hiked from Gwanggyo Reservoir in Suwon.

## Gwanggyosan and Pungsu

Interpreted within the context of traditional Korean logic and beliefs – especially within the realm of Korean Confucianism – Gwanggyosan serves as Suwon's jinsan, or Guardian Mountain. This is in keeping with the logic of pungsu (known as feng shui in China), which avers that an ideal site for a city or town is one where there is a jinsan to the north, an open vista, river or a large body of water to the south, and either mountains or valleys to the east and west. As Suwon's jinsan, Gwanggyosan provides a natural landmark indicating the city's position to travelers and acts as a sort of "shield" against the harsh winds from the north in wintertime. Aiding Gwanggyosan in providing a favorable sense of pungsu to Suwon are the flat farms and paddies in the southern portions of Gwonseon-gu and Yeongtong-gu, Chilbo-san to the west, and the hills along Suwon's border with Yongin to the east.

## Gallery

* Suji seen from Gwanggyosan
# Avicennia rumphiana

Avicennia rumphiana is a species of tropical mangrove in the family Acanthaceae. It is considered vulnerable by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in the 2008 assessment. As of March 2022, Plants of the World Online considered it to be only a variety of Avicennia marina, Avicennia marina var. rumphiana. In the Malay language it is known as api api bulu.

## Description

Avicennia rumphiana is one of the tallest mangroves sometimes growing to 30 m (98 ft) tall with a girth of 3 m (10 ft) but is usually much smaller than this. The trunk has buttresses and roots which spread shallowly across the substrate and send up numerous pneumatophores. These are short vertical roots and are used for gas exchange. The bark is smooth and a dark shade of grey. The leaves are in opposite pairs, oval, sometimes spoon-shaped, glossy green above and yellowish-brown felted beneath. The individual flowers are over 1 cm (0.4 in) across and in a globular cluster, both calyx and petals being hairy. The fruit capsules are also felted and contain a single seed.

## Distribution and habitat

Avicennia rumphiana is endemic to south east Asia. Its range includes Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. It grows on the upper half of the foreshore preferring sandy or firm mud substrates.

## Status

Avicennia rumphiana is a fast-growing species and one of the first to colonize new areas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species considers it is vulnerable because it has a patchy distribution, is uncommon in some areas and is in general decline. It grows in the upper part of the intertidal zone where it is most vulnerable to human activities and habitat destruction. In the event of rising sea levels, as is expected to happen due to global warming, mangrove zones will be displaced upwards on the beach.

## Uses

Avicennia rumphiana is one of a number of species of mangrove planted for coastal defence. The timber is used for building construction but makes poor firewood, only being used for smoking fish and other products. The flowers produce plenty of nectar which is collected by foraging bees to make honey. The seeds are eaten as a boiled vegetable.

## Etymology

The generic name is in honour of the Mediaeval Persian physician Avicenna (980–1037). The specific name is in honour of the German-born Dutch-speaking naturalist Georg Eberhard Rumphius (Georg Eberhard Rumpf, 1627–1702) who studied the natural history of eastern Indonesia while working there for the Dutch East India Company.
# Mitch Holmes

Mitch Holmes (born June 28, 1962) was a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 114th district, where he served from 2005 to 2013. He was then elected to represent the 33rd district in the Kansas Senate in 2012. He decided not to run for reelection on June 1, 2016. During his time in the legislature, he was given evaluations of 69%, 76%, 67%, 73% and the most recent evaluation of 82% from the American Conservative Union.
Prior to his election to the House, Holmes worked as a computer programmer and analyst. He received his Certificate in Computer Programming from DePaul University, a BS in Human Resource Management from Friends University, and an AA in Music Education from Hutchinson Community College.

## Committee membership

* Appropriations
* Federal and State Affairs
* Local Government (Vice-chair)
* Joint Committee on Energy and Environmental Policy
* Joint Committee on Special Claims Against the State (Vice-chair)
* Joint Committee on State Building Construction

## Major donors

The top 5 donors to Holmes' 2008 campaign:
* 1. Koch Industries $600
* 2. Kansas Assoc of Realtors $500
* 3. Sunflower Electric Power Corp $400
* 4. Kansas Land Title Assoc PAC $250
* 5. HSBC North America $250
# Ariusia

Ariusia is a genus of praying mantises in the family Eremiaphilidae. It contains only one species, Ariusia conspersa.
# P and R measures

P and R measures are the statistics used to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of business processes, particularly automated business processes.
The P measures are the process measures – these statistics that record the number of times things occur. Examples include:
* the number of times an error loop is used
* the number of times an approval loop is used
* the average time to complete a particular task in the process
and show how efficient the process is.
The R measures are the results measures – these statistics record the 'outcomes' of the process. Examples include:
* the number of occasions when the process completed correctly
* the number of times rejections occurred
* the number of times approval was not given
and show how effective the process is.
# Minden Male Academy

Minden Male Academy, originally Minden Academy, was a school in Minden, Louisiana. It was founded by Charles H. Veeder using a grant of $1,500 from the Louisiana Legislature. It was one of the few private schools in the state that was partly public-funded. John T. Watkins was one of its alumni.

## History

Minden Academy was established in 1838. The second principal of the school was Henry M. Spofford who went on to become a judge in the Louisiana Supreme Court. The Louisiana Constitution of 1845 made it illegal for private schools to receive public funds and the school was still running a fund for "indigent" children using the original state funding. As a result, the school was split into the Minden Male Academy and the Minden Female College in 1850.
A new campus was constructed for the male school, funded by W. Abner Drake, Drury Murrell, and J. and T. Gibbs. The male academy lasted into the late 1890s, when the Louisiana Constitution of 1898 required that a public school system be created. The male and female schools were recombined and converted into the Minden Public School.
# Bruguiera hainesii

Bruguiera hainesii is a species of mangrove in the family Rhizophoraceae. It is native to Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Papua New Guinea.

## Status

It is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.
# 2008–09 Stade Rennais FC season

The 2008–09 season was the 108th season in the existence of Stade Rennais FC and the club's 15th consecutive season in the top flight of French football. In addition to the domestic league, Angers participated in this season's edition of the Coupe de France and the Coupe de la Ligue. The season covered the period from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009.

## Competitions
### Overview

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Ligue 1 | 9 August 2008 | 30 May 2009 | Matchday 1 | 7th | 38 | 15 | 16 | 7 | 42 | 34 | +8 | 039.47 |
| Coupe de France | 3 January 2009 | 9 May 2009 | Round of 64 | Runners-up | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 2 | +8 | 083.33 |
| Coupe de la Ligue | 24 September 2008 | 12 November 2008 | Third round | Round of 16 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 000.00 |
| UEFA Cup | 14 August 2008 | 2 October 2008 | Second qualifying round | First round | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 050.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | 50 | 22 | 17 | 11 | 60 | 44 | +16 | 044.00 |
Source: Soccerway

### Ligue 1
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 5 | Lille | 38 | 17 | 13 | 8 | 51 | 39 | +12 | 64 | Qualification to Europa League third qualifying round |
| 6 | Paris Saint-Germain | 38 | 19 | 7 | 12 | 49 | 38 | +11 | 64 | |
| 7 | Rennes | 38 | 15 | 16 | 7 | 42 | 34 | +8 | 61 | |
| 8 | Auxerre | 38 | 16 | 7 | 15 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 55 | |
| 9 | Nice | 38 | 13 | 11 | 14 | 40 | 41 | −1 | 50 | |

#### Results summary

| Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away |
Source: Ligue 1

#### Results by round

| Round | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 |
| Ground | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A |
| Result | D | L | W | D | D | D | W | W | D | D | D | W | W | W | D | W | D | D | W | W | L | D | L | D | W | D | W | D | D | L | W | L | L | W | W | D | W | L |
| Position | 10 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 |

#### Matches

The league fixtures were announced on 23 May 2008.
# Ashley Hart (model)

Ashley Hart is an Australian Model and Yogi born 9 August 1988.

## Early life and career

Hart grew up in Melbourne, Australia and attended Sophia Mundi Steiner School with her sister Jessica Hart. She describes her mother Rae, as a hippie eurythmist who worked hard as a single mother to put her and her sister through school and instill a spiritual connection in her life. In an interview with Australia's 60 Minutes, it was revealed that Rae waited until she was pregnant with Ashley to leave the difficult relationship with the girls' father, knowing that the two sisters would always have each other.
Hart started modelling at the age of 15 after following in the footsteps of her older sister Jessica Hart and stated that "I got into it because I saw how much money Jess was making".
At the age of 17, Hart moved to Germany to continue her modelling career. In the years that followed, Hart lived in between New York and Los Angeles.
Hart was the face of Coles fashion label Mix in 2013 and was the ambassador for Melbourne Spring Fashion Week in 2014.
In 2014, Hart was part of Australia's Dancing With The Stars with dance partner Julz Tocker, but was eliminated in the first round.
Wellness and fitness is a big part of Hart's life and she is trained in Thai massage, is a yoga instructor (Ashtanga based Vinyasa flow) and regularly practices meditation. She is training to be a certified health coach.
Her athletic nature and physique led her to the path of a fitness model. About her body she stated; "When I was younger, I was always wanting to be skinnier. I was always the sporty one and Jess was always legs 11. I looked at the coat-hanger runway models and I thought, 'I'm not that.' I had moments of not accepting that, but now I love that I'm athletic and muscly. Through modelling I've grown into a deeper acceptance and love of myself. It's been a really nice way to get to know who I am at a deeper level and allow that part of me to shine."
Focusing on her wellness interests, Hart is the ambassador for Australian vitamin and wellness group, Swisse.

## Personal life

Hart married her long-term boyfriend, Buck Palmer in Los Angeles in 2015 and divorced in 2017. Hart went on to date Brett Leve in 2019. In August 2020, Hart confirmed a relationship with Marco Utah.
Hart currently resides in Austin, Texas.