OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry Ryder

Henry Dudley Ryder (21 July 1777 – 31 March 1836) was a prominent English evangelical Anglican bishop in the early years of the nineteenth century, most notably as Bishop of Lichfield. He was the first evangelical to be raised to the Anglican episcopate.

## Life

Ryder was the fifth son of Nathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby, by his wife Elizabeth Terrick, daughter of Richard Terrick, Bishop of London. Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby and the Honourable Richard Ryder were his elder brothers. He studied at St John's College, Cambridge, and became vicar of Lutterworth and of Claybrook. He was canon of Windsor in 1808.
He was successively Bishop of Gloucester, from 1815, and Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, from 1824. His kneeling statue by Francis Legatt Chantrey is in Lichfield Cathedral.
John Henry Newman, in his Apologia Pro Vita Sua, speaks of the veneration in which he held Ryder.

## Family

Ryder married Sophia, daughter of Thomas March Phillips, in 1802. Their second son George Dudley Ryder was the father of the Very Reverend Henry Ignatius Dudley Ryder. Their fifth son was Admiral of the Fleet Sir Alfred Phillips Ryder. Their sixth and youngest son Spencer Ryder was the ancestor of the sailor and politician Robert Ryder. Ryder died in March 1836, aged 58. His wife died in August 1862.

## Gallery

* Bronze Medal 1836, issued in honour of Bishop Henry Dudley Ryder by Thomas Wells Ingram, Birmingham
* Monument to Bishop Ryder by Sir Francis Legatt Chantrey in Lichfield Cathedral
# Murphy drip

A Murphy drip is a rectal infusion apparatus to administer the medical procedure of proctoclysis, also known as rectoclysis. During the procedure, an end of the Murphy drip is inserted into the rectum and large quantities of liquid are infused into the rectum drop by drop. Prior to fluids or medicines being given intravenously, the Murphy drip and hypodermoclysis were the prime routes to administer fluids such as for replacement when patients could not be fed by mouth. American surgeon John Benjamin Murphy introduced the drip method of saline infusion per rectum in the treatment of peritonitis. The Murphy drip can be used for administering drugs by this route and the apparatus is also used in conjunction with a catheter for bladder irrigation. The term can even be applied to apparatus used to administer fluids intravenously.

## History

The Murphy drip was invented by Wisconsin surgeon John Benjamin Murphy, for the purpose of administering a proctoclysis for hydration and replenishment of electrolytes, via a sodium and calcium chloride solution. This would be used when administration by mouth was not possible because of the condition of the patient. The Murphy drip was described in the April 1909 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. By as early as July 1928, the Murphy drip was considered an auxiliary method of injection behind intravenous therapy and subcutaneous injection, the two principal methods of injection at that time.

## Set-up

A description of a Murphy drip set-up is contained in the 1932 Kansas Supreme Court legal case Ratliffe v. Wesley Hospital and Nurses' Training School:
   On February 14, 1929, "Dr. Horn directed the nurse to use the proctoclysis, known as the “Murphy drip.” While the operation was in progress a student nurse in the employ of the hospital prepared the room for the return of the appellant. The proctoclysis set was a part of the equipment of the hospital and was assembled and placed at or near the foot of the bed by the student nurse. The proctoclysis set consists of a standard which is an iron pole setting on a tripod containing hooks at intervals, and on these hooks by means of a chain, tape, string, or piece of gauze is hung a can containing hot water and soda solution. From this can a tube extends which is inserted in the rectum of the patient to whom the proctoclysis is administered. It was necessary to keep the solution hot in order that it would have a body temperature after dropping through the tube and entering the body. ... It was not unusual for the vessel holding the water to be fastened to the standard by gauze, string, or other bandage, although a part of the vessels were equipped with chains."
# Logan Elementary School

Logan Elementary School is a public elementary school in Columbia, South Carolina. It was built in 1913. The building was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
# Light of Other Days

"Light of Other Days" is a science fiction short story by Bob Shaw. It was originally published in August 1966 in Analog Science Fiction and Fact. The story uses the idea of "slow glass": glass through which light takes years to pass. Bob Shaw used this idea again in later stories.
The story's title is derived from Thomas Moore's poem "Oft, in the Stilly Night", which is quoted within the story.

## Plot summary

The narrator is touring northwest Scotland with his wife Selina. Their relationship is in trouble, and news of her pregnancy has made it worse. Their holiday, intended to improve the situation, has not been a success. Travelling through a remote area, they find a place that sells panes of slow glass. This is glass that light takes a long time to pass through, even years, so that a pane of this glass shows a scene from the past. People buy slow glass that has been placed in picturesque scenery so that later they can enjoy the view in their homes or workplaces. The best quality slow glass is priced by its "thickness", corresponding to the number of years of scenic view contained within it. The narrator thinks that an extravagant act like buying slow glass might set right his relationship with Selina.
Leaving the car, they walk along a path, where they see panes of slow glass facing a view of a loch. They meet Mr Hagan, who is sitting on a low wall in front of his stone farmhouse and looking toward the house. Inside, through the window, they see a young woman, presumably Mrs Hagan, and a small boy. Hagan fetches a rug from the house so that Selina can sit on the wall. The narrator, sensing that Mrs Hagan, looking toward them from inside, is not aware of them, wonders whether she is blind; Selina remarks that her dress is out of fashion.
The narrator discusses with Hagan the price of his slow glass. Hagan says how fine the view is from there; as he talks, the narrator, still looking at the house, wonders if the small boy is blind as well. Eventually, although Selina is not impressed, the narrator decides to buy. While Hagan is fetching the glass, rain begins, so Selina goes to the house to return the rug. When she opens the door, she sees that the interior is disordered and squalid; Hagan is living alone. The family scene of wife and child was of years ago, seen through slow glass. (Slow glass works both ways.) As the couple leaves with their purchase, Hagan sorrowfully tells them his wife and child were killed in a road accident six years previously.
The narrator, walking with his wife back along the path, feels their relationship is somehow strengthened. He looks back at Hagan, who is sitting at his usual place, looking toward the house.

## Reception

"Light of Other Days" was shortlisted for the Nebula Award for Best Short Story in 1966, and for the 1967 Hugo Award for Best Short Story.
Calling the story a classic, Algis Budrys said that it "tends to make people weep".
# Carynota marmorata

Carynota marmorata, commonly known as the marbled treehopper, is a species of treehopper. It was first described by Thomas Say in 1830.

## Habitat

Carynota marmorata is found in the mid-western and eastern United States and eastern Canada. It feeds on multiple types of trees, including:
* Alnus incana (gray alder)
* Betula papyrifera (paper birch)
* Corylus americana (American hazelnut)
* Populus (cottonwood)
* Quercus alba (white oak)

## Description

Carynota marmorata has a fairly high, rounded, brown-colored pronotum riddled with yellowish white spots. Adults are 8 millimetres in length and 4 millimetres in width.
# Telesphorus

Telesphorus may refer to:
* Telesphorus (general), 4th century BC general in ancient Greece
* Pope Telesphorus (died c. 137), Bishop of Rome and Christian saint
* Telesphorus of Cosenza, a name assumed by a 14th-century pseudo-prophet during the time of the Western Schism
* Telesphorus (mythology), an ancient Greek minor god
# Ingham Academy High School (Michigan)

Ingham Academy High School is an alternative high school located in Lansing, Michigan. It is run with a partnership between Ingham Intermediate School District, Highfields, and the Ingham County Circuit Court. With the partnership of these three agencies, the focus of the Ingham Academy is to educate at risk students with the Michigan school curriculum and the life-skills needed for being a productive citizen.
The Ingham Academy was founded in 2007 with 2 high school classrooms and 20 students in the Grady Porter Building in downtown Lansing. It has grown to 6 teachers and nearly 60 students, including one 8th grade classroom, at its new location at 1601 W Holmes Rd.
# Skirmish at Pace's Ferry

The Skirmish at Pace's Ferry was an engagement fought on July 5, 1864, near Pace's Ferry, Atlanta, Georgia, during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. Union troops of Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard seized a key pontoon bridge over the Chattahoochee River, enabling Federal troops to continue their offensive to capture the important rail and supply center of Atlanta.
Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's army had steadily advanced towards Atlanta in the spring and summer of 1864, fighting a series of battles against the Confederate Army of Joseph E. Johnston. Sherman continually flanked the Confederate positions and slipped ever closer to his goal. Howard's IV Corps pursued the retreating Confederates along the Western & Atlantic Railroad, with General Thomas J. Wood's division in the lead. They encountered very little resistance until the head of column reached Vining's Station. From that point, a road led to the east toward Atlanta, crossing the Chattahoochee River at Pace's Ferry, where the Confederates had constructed a pontoon bridge over the deep and swift flowing river. Wood's skirmishers encountered a brigade of dismounted cavalry, which had its front covered by rail barricades along a ridge at right angles to the road, a quarter mile from the railroad station. Wood quickly drove the Confederates from these barricades and pushed on to the river. Despite Confederate efforts to destroy the bridge to prevent it from falling into enemy hands, Wood's men arrived in time to save the greater part of the bridge. Confederate attempts to burn the structure had failed, and mooring ropes had been cut on the Confederate side so that the pontoon bridge drifted in the river.
Not seeing a suitable opportunity to attack the strong Confederate positions across the Chattahoochee, Howard ordered his corps into camp on high ground facing the river and awaited the arrival of Federal pontoons. July 10, Stanley's and Wood's divisions moved to near the mouth of Sope Creek, in support of General John Schofield, who had crossed the river at that point (north of Pace's Ferry) and outflanked the Confederates. On July 11, at 5 p.m. Gen. Howard received "orders to secure the heights opposite Powers' Ferry, on the south side of the Chattahoochee, to protect the laying of a bridge at that point. Stanley's division fulfilled these instructions the next morning at daylight, passing the river at Schofield's bridge."
# Raid on Pula

The Raid on Pula (Italian: Impresa di Pola) was a maritime raid undertaken on 1 November 1918 at the end of World War I. It was carried out with a manned torpedo by two officers of the Italian Regia Marina, Raffaele Paolucci and Raffaele Rossetti, with the goal of damaging what they thought was an Austro-Hungarian fleet anchored in the bay of Pula.
The fleet was handed by the Austrians to the newly established State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs only a couple of hours before the raid, with Janko Vuković, previously an officer of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, being declared the commander-in-chief of the new state's navy. The state of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs had declared neutrality in the war and informed the Allies of this shortly after taking over the armed forces on 31 October. However, the attackers were not aware of this, and rigged the main ship SMS Viribus Unitis (renamed to Jugoslavija) with explosives, which ended in the ship sinking and the death of Vuković.

## The sinking

Travelling down the rows of Austrian battleships, Paolucci and Rossetti encountered the Viribus Unitis at around 4:40 am. Rossetti placed one canister of TNT on the hull of the battleship, timed to explode at 6:30 am. He then flooded the second canister, sinking it on the harbour floor close to the ship. The men had no breathing sets, and therefore had to keep their heads above water. They were discovered and taken prisoner just after placing the explosives under the battleship's hull. Taken aboard the Viribus Unitis, they informed the new captain of the battleship of what they had done but did not reveal the exact position of the explosives. Admiral Janko Vuković arranged for the two prisoners to be taken to Tegetthoff, and ordered the Viribus Unitis to be evacuated.
The explosion did not happen at 6:30 as predicted and Vuković returned to the ship with many sailors, mistakenly believing that the Italians had lied. The mines exploded at 6:44, sinking the battleship in 15 minutes. Vuković and 300–400 of her crew were killed in the sinking. The explosion of the second canister also sank the Austrian freighter Wien.

## Aftermath

Remnants of sunken naval ships from the Raid on Pula have left over 3000 tonnes of steel at the bottom of Pula Port. The Pula Port seabed is now littered with thousands of parts from Austro-Hungarian ships from the Uljanik Shipyard. Today, debris is still preventing cruise ships from safely docking at the ports.
# Jacob Ford House

Jacob Ford House is a historic home located at Morristown in St. Lawrence County, New York. It is a 2+1⁄2-story rectangular stone structure with a gable roof, built in 1837 in a late Federal style. There is a 1+1⁄2-story wing on the south side. The front features a portico added about 1890.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# To a Tee

To a Tee is a 2006 film written and directed by Matt Riddlehoover and starring Riddlehoover with Lindsey Hancock and Jonas Brandon. It has been described as “Annie Hall meets Will & Grace”. The film's sharply edited theatrical trailer sparked much attention on the Web, specifically on MySpace.

## Plot

Matt Riddlehoover wrote, directed, edited and stars in this seriocomic feature about a gay playwright who feeds off his stubborn attraction to the wrong type of guy (played in multiple roles by Jonas Brandon). When he attracts the attention of a newspaper columnist (Lindsey Hancock) who will champion his work, success seems guaranteed until he meets her boyfriend - played by Brandon. The film excels in Riddlehoover's delivery as the self-absorbed, flawed hero.Winner of the MySpace Film User's Choice Award.

## Release

The film was released on November 6, 2006 in the United States.
# Tržič

Tržič (pronounced ; German: Neumarktl) is a town in northern Slovenia, close to the Austrian border. It is the seat of the Municipality of Tržič.

## Geography

The town is located within the historic Upper Carniola region on the Tržič Bistrica River, a left tributary of the Sava. In the north, a road leads up to the Loibl Pass in the Karawanks mountain range, the border with the Austrian state of Carinthia.

## History

A first settlement named Forum in Lubelino was founded on the Roman road that ran from the ancient city of Emona (in present-day Ljubljana) via Loibl Pass to Virunum and the Zollfeld plain in the Noricum province (present-day Carinthia). After a massive landslide caused by an earthquake, the original settlement was destroyed and many people moved down the valley to establish a new village named Neumarktl in German where Tržič is now located (these events are the basis of the legend about the origin of Tržič).
The settlement in the Duchy of Carniola was granted market rights to hold weekly fairs by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III in 1492, which further promoted the development of the town. The great fire of 1811, which destroyed the buildings on the left bank of the Tržič Bistrica River, changed the town. Much of the architecture was reconstructed in a Classicist style. After the buildings were rebuilt they needed to have firewalls, iron doors, and window covers, a very rare feature in Europe. The town center of Tržič has been protected as a cultural heritage site since 1985. Over centuries, the city had been a German language island.

## Economy

The leather, wood, and textile industries were important to the economy of Tržič in the past but industrial activity declined after the breakup of Yugoslavia. The development of small business after this period is now an important branch of the economy.
Because of its alpine setting, alpine skiing is popular in the surrounding area.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Tržič include:
* Feliks Anton Dev (a.k.a. Johannes Damascenus a nomine Mariae, 1732–1786), poet, translator, and editor
* Countess Francisca von Strassoldo Grafenberg (1781–1854), wife of Austrian General Joseph Radetzky
* Ivan Bobersky (1873–1947), Ukrainian politician and sports promoter
# Sebastian Steudtner

Sebastian Steudtner (born 4 May 1985) is an Austrian-German surfer.

## Early life

At the age of sixteen, Steudtner moved to Hawaii from Nuremberg, his hometown.

## Career

Steud web|url=https://archive.today/20230430181907/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/how-surfing-sensation-sebastian-steudtner-22265175%7Ctitle=How surfing sensation Sebastian Steudtner played big role in Liverpool title triumph}}</ref>
In 2020, in Nazaré, Portugal, he surfed an 26.21m tall wave, the tallest wave ever surfed.
In 2024, he surfed a wave measured at 28.57m at the same location. If officially ratified, it would surpass his own world record of the tallest wave ever surfed.
# Institute for Clinical Social Work

The Institute for Clinical Social Work (ICSW) is an independent educational institution in Chicago, Illinois, that provides practicing clinical social workers and other psychotherapists the opportunity to earn an MA or Ph.D. without taking a break from their professional pursuits. ICSW was established in 1981 and comprises more than 40 faculty members, 110 students, and 150 graduates.

## Academics

The Institute for Clinical Social Work is fully accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
# Loisian Seminary

Loisian Seminary was a girls' school in the U.S. state of New York. Founded in 1813, it was the first public school in Brooklyn.
Up to the year 1813, there was no public and few private schools in Brooklyn. In that year, however, an enterprise originated which ultimately resulted in the establishment of the first public school. A number of charitable women of the city formed an organization and established a school known as the Loisian Seminary, named after Lois, the grandmother of Timothy the Apostle, and by whom he was instructed in the first principles of the Christian religion.
The object of this organization was for the purpose of teaching poor children reading, writing, arithmetic, knitting, and sewing, at no cost. Twenty-four students were selected, who attended in rotation.
The school was run by five trustees, namely, Mrs. Ann Ayscough Sands, Mrs. Onderdonk, Mrs. Ireland, Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Moffat, and Miss Cunningham, secretary. Sands, whose name headed the subscribers, was the wife of Joshua Sands, who had been collector of the Port of New York and member of Congress. The trustees' duty was to attend at least once each week. They were assisted by two other women. They provided paper, books, and other materials as required. The trustees decided which children were to be admitted. Money for the rent of the room and providing books was raised by subscriptions and donations. The trustees saw to it that the children admitted in this school attended religious service in the churches to which they belonged. The trustees fixed the hours for keeping school open, and developed the regulations to run it. The students were selected by the trustees, and any one neglecting to attend without sufficient excuse was required to pay a fine of US$1.

## Attribution

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: W. G. Bishop & H. McCloskey's Manual of the Common Council of the City of Brooklyn for ... (1863)
# Chalan Pago-Ordot, Guam

Chalan Pago-Ordot (Chamorro: Chålan Pågu-Otdot) is a village in the United States territory of Guam, containing the communities of Chalan Pago and Ordot. It is located in the eastern-central part of the island and is part of the Kattan (Eastern) District. The village's population has increased slightly since the island's 2010 census.

## Etymology

Pågu is the Chamorro word for the wild tree Hibiscus tiliaceus, while "chålan"' means "road". The name Chalan Pago is named after the path from Hagåtña to the Spanish village at Pago Bay. Ordot comes from the word otdot, or ant.
In World War II, the Japanese used the area as a supply depot during their occupation of the island. Ordot is also the site of the controversial Ordot Landfill, first constructed by the U.S. Navy in the 1940s, but now full and in violation of United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations. It was added to the National Priorities List in 1983 by the EPA, with the Navy as a potential contributor to it. The landfill was forced closed in 2011 and Guam agreed to pay for remediation of the surrounding area atop implemented a cap on the landfill from a prior 2004 consent decree. Guam had been able to successfully initiate action to recover a portion of the estimated $160 million costs for this cleanup from the US government as a result of the Supreme Court case Guam v. United States in 2021.

## Demographics

The U.S. Census Bureau has the municipality in multiple census-designated places: Chalan Pago, and Ordot.

## Education

The Guam Public School System serves the island. Ordot/Chalan Pago Elementary School and Agueda Johnston Middle School are located in Chalan-Pago-Ordot. Johnston is located in Ordot; originally it was named George Washington Junior High School. George Washington High School in Mangilao serves the village as a secondary school.
In regards to the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA), Chalan Pago-Ordot is divided between two school transportation zones. People living north of Guam Highway 4 are zoned to Andersen Elementary and Andersen Middle School, while people living south of Guam Highway 4 are zoned to McCool Elementary and McCool Middle School. Guam High School is the island's sole DoDEA high school.
Father Dueñas Memorial School is in the area. St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic High School was open 2008–2015.

## Government

Commissioner of Chalan Pago-Ordot :
| Name | Term begin | Term end |
| Francisco L.G. Valenzuela | 1956 | 1964 |
| Thomas B. Anderson | 1964 | 1969 |
| Francisco C. Carbullido | 1969 | January 1, 1973 |
Mayor of Chalan Pago-Ordot :
| Name | Party | Term begin | Term end |
| Francisco C. Carbullido | Republican | January 1, 1973 | January 3, 1977 |
| Vicente S. San Nicolas | Democratic | January 3, 1977 | January 6, 1997 |
| Rossanna D. San Miguel | Democratic | January 6, 1997 | January 1, 2001 |
| Vicente I. Aguon | Democratic | January 1, 2001 | January 3, 2005 |
| Pedro I. Borja | Republican | January 3, 2005 | January 5, 2009 |
| Jessy C. Gogue | Democratic | January 5, 2009 | January 4, 2025 |
| Wayne S.N. Santos | Democratic | January 4, 2025 | present |