OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1875 Breconshire by-election

The 1875 Breconshire by-election was fought on 20 May 1875. The by-election was fought due to the succession to a peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Godfrey Morgan. It was won by the Liberal candidate William Fuller-Maitland.
1875 Breconshire by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Fuller-Maitland | 1,710 | 51.6 | +12.2 |
| | Conservative | Howel Gwyn | 1,603 | 48.4 | −12.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 107 | 3.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,313 | 77.8 | +4.3 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 4,256 | | |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +12.2 | |
# Boyadzhik massacre

The Boyadzhik massacre (Bulgarian: Бояджишко клане) was the massacre of 145 Bulgarian civilians committed by irregular Ottoman troops in the Bulgarian village of Boyadzhik on and after 24 May [O.S. 11 May] 1876.
The massacre took place in the wake of the Bulgarian April Uprising, even though Boyadzhik did not participate in the insurrection and was located hundreds of kilometres away from the scene of any hostilities. The grandfather of the inventor of the first electronic digital computer, John Vincent Atanasoff, was among the victims.

## Massacre

The massacre took place on and after 11 May, when the villagers gathered to celebrate the Bulgarian Education and Culture and Slavonic Literature Day. A rumour made believe the local Ottoman administrator, Şefket paşa, that the villagers were going to rebel, and he dispatched a band of Circassian bashi-bazouk to Boyadzhik.
The paramilitaries attacked the village from all sides. Unable to escape, they gathered in the local church, but were forced to come out after the bashi-bazouk started firing shells against it. An indiscriminate slaughter of men, women and children ensued afterwards.
The village was subsequently sacked and torched, and the Circassian paramilitaries divided the villagers' possessions amongst themselves. The surviving villagers eventually received relief from the American Protestant mission in Plovdiv.
The grandfather of John Atanasoff was one of the victims. In his memoirs, John Atanasoff writes:
There is a list of a total of 145 confirmed victims: women, children and men (of whom two Orthodox priests).
A fundraising campaign for a memorial to the victims was launched in 2019.
In his description of the April Uprising, American writer Justin McCarthy confuses the much smaller and unrelated "Boyadzhik massacre" (spelled "Boajic") with the biggest Ottoman atrocity committed at Batak, which caused an enormous public outcry in Europe (dubbed "The Bulgarian Horrors") and led to the Bulgarian autonomy proposal of 1876.
McCarthy is an Armenian Genocide denialist and a recipient of grants from the Institute of Turkish Studies. He has been criticised by many of his colleagues for attempting to whitewash Ottoman history.

## Plan to Attack Yambol

The nearby town of Yambol narrowly avoided the same fate on 24 May [O.S. 19 May] 1876, when it was encircled by the same band of bashi-bazouk led by Şefket paşa.
The town was saved by local Ottoman dignitary İsmail Hakkı Paşa, who ordered the paramilitary units to stand down and disband. İsmail Hakkı was of Crimean Tatar descent and hailed from the nearby village of Kabile.
One of his sons, Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, eventually went on to become the last Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. When İsmail Hakkı Paşa passed away, he was buried in Yambol's mosque and had a monument built in honour of him. A street in Yambol bore his name until Bulgaria's occupation by the Soviet Union in 1944.
# Battle of Little Muddy Creek

The Battle of Little Muddy Creek, also known as the Lame Deer Fight, was fought on May 7–8, 1877, by United States soldiers and scouts against a village of Miniconjou Lakota. The battle occurred near Little Muddy Creek in Montana Territory, near present-day Lame Deer, Rosebud County.

## Background

On May 1, 1877, Colonel Nelson A. Miles led a mixed force of his own 5th Regiment, the 22nd Regiment, and the 2nd Cavalry Regiment out of Fort Keogh in search of Miniconjou Lakota under Lame Deer. On the Tongue River, Indian scouts found a trail heading west to Rosebud Creek, and Miles followed with his command of 471 officers and enlisted men.

## Battle

Spotting a camp of 61 lodges on Little Muddy Creek, Colonel Miles left his infantry and moved in with cavalry under Captain Edward Ball and mounted infantry under Lieutenant Edward W. Casey. The mounted force reached Lame Deer's sleeping village before dawn at 4:30 a.m. Company H of the 2nd Cavalry under Lieutenant Lovell H. Jerome and the mounted infantry under Casey began the fight with a mounted charge into the village. One of the army's Indian scouts, Hump, called to the Lakota and Cheyenne that Miles wanted to negotiate with them.
Lame Deer approached Miles accompanied by his nephew Iron Star and two others. Miles told Lame Deer to lay down his rifle, which he did, but cocked and facing forward. When White Bull, one of Miles's scouts, tried to take Iron Star's rifle, he fired, with the bullet going through White Bull's coat. Lame Deer grabbed his weapon on the ground and fired it at Miles, the bullet just missing him and killing his orderly, Private Charles Shrenger. Chaos ensued. Several soldiers and Lakota were hit in the gunfire. Lame Deer was shot down by a volley of 17 bullets fired by men of Company L, 2nd Cavalry. Companies F, G, and L of the 2nd Cavalry then attacked the small and defenseless Indian village, destroying it and capturing about 450 horses, killing half of them.

## Aftermath

The army had four men killed and ten wounded in the engagement, while the Lakota suffered from 5–14 killed, and about 20 wounded and 40 captured. Five Congressional Medals of Honor were awarded to soldiers for their actions during the battle:
* Henry Wilkens – first sergeant, Company L, 2nd Cavalry
* William H. Jones – sergeant, Company L, 2nd Cavalry
* Harry Garland – corporal, Company L, 2nd Cavalry
* William Leonard – private, Company L, 2nd Cavalry
* Samuel D. Phillips – private, Company H, 2nd Cavalry
A Purple Heart was awarded to David L. Brainard on January 27, 1933; one of only 12 awarded for the American Indian Wars.

## Order of battle

United States Army, Colonel Nelson A. Miles
* 2nd Cavalry Regiment, Companies F, G, H, L, Captain Edward Ball
* 5th Infantry Regiment, Companies B, H
* 22nd Infantry Regiment, Companies E, F, G, H
* Indian Scouts: Brave Wolf and White Bull, Northern Cheyenne and Hump, Miniconjou Lakota
Native Americans, Chief Lame Deer
* Miniconjou Lakota

## Footnotes

* ↑ Greene 2000, p. 138.
* ↑ Michno 2003, p. 305.
# 1878 Grey Valley by-election

The 1878 Grey Valley by-election was a by-election held on 22 May 1878 during the 6th New Zealand Parliament in the West Coast electorate of Grey Valley.
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Martin Kennedy on 13 April 1878.
The by-election was won by Richard Reeves.
He was opposed by William Henry Harrison (who had been elected for the electorate in the 1871 election) and John Barrowman; Heber Newton withdrew but got 25 votes.

## Results

The following table gives the election result:
1878 Grey Valley by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Richard Reeves | 487 | 47.61 |
| | Independent | William Henry Harrison | 302 | 29.52 |
| | Independent | John Barrowman | 209 | 20.43 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 185 | 18.08 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 25 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1023 | |
# Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris

Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris (French:, National Institute for Deaf Youth of Paris) is a school for the deaf founded by Charles-Michel de l'Épée, in stages, between 1750 and 1760 in Paris, France.
After the death of Père Vanin in 1759, the Abbé de l'Épée was introduced to two deaf girls who were in need of a new instructor. The school began in 1760 and shortly thereafter was opened to the public and became the world's first free school for the deaf. It was originally located in a house at 14 rue des Moulins, butte Saint-Roch, near the Louvre in Paris. On July 29, 1791, the French legislature approved government funding for the school and it was renamed: "Institution Nationale des Sourds-Muets à Paris"."
Prosper Menière was physician from 1838 to his death in 1862. In 1861, Menière reported to the Académie Nationale de Médecine on several of his patients from the school who had experienced vertigo associated with their hearing loss, which formed the controversial basis for his theory that the inner ear was the origin of vertigo.
Following the abolition of the Spanish monarchy in 1931, the Spanish royal family lived in exile in Fontainebleau. Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia, second son of King Alfonso XIII, completed his education at the Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris. The Duke of Segovia was deaf by age 4 as a result of an inner ear infection as a child.
# 1880 Oxford by-election

The 1880 Oxford by-election was held in May 1880 due to the incumbent Liberal MP William Vernon Harcourt becoming Home Secretary and seeking re-election to Parliament. Harcourt was defeated.

## Background

Harcourt had been one of the two MPs for Oxford since 1868 and had developed a reputation as a skilled debater but without tact. In the 1880 general election he had narrowly beaten his Conservative fellow MP, Alexander William Hall. Harcourt's campaign, particularly his acceptance speech, were regarded as insulting.

## Campaign

The Liberals formed a government and Harcourt was invited to be Home Secretary which meant that he would have to resign his seat and seek re-election.
Hall fought a vigorous campaign getting endorsements from A. E. Housman and the Prime Minister's son, Sir Robert Peel. Harcourt accused Hall of being a pawn to the brewing lobby. The rhetoric of the campaign meant that the atmosphere was highly charged.

## Result

In a closely fought election Harcourt lost to Hall. Harcourt lost by 2,681 votes to Hall's 2,730.
1880 Oxford by-election (2 seats) :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Alexander William Hall | 2,735 | 50.5 | +17.7 |
| | Liberal | William Vernon Harcourt | 2,681 | 49.5 | −17.7 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 54 | 1.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,416 | 87.9 | −0.2 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 6,163 | | |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal | Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +17.7 | |

## Aftermath

Harcourt found another seat when Samuel Plimsoll immediately resigned and Harcourt was unopposed in the subsequent by-election for Derby.
There were irregularities in the conduct of the election and the election was deemed void. Hall was unseated and the seat was left vacant until 1885. In 1885 Hall won the seat again and held it until 1892.
# 1883 Inangahua by-election

The 1883 Inangahua by-election was a by-election held on 14 May 1883 during the 8th New Zealand Parliament in the West Coast electorate of Inangahua.
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Thomas S. Weston. The by-election was won by Edward Shaw.
He was opposed by Edward Wakefield, who opposed the Government. Wakefield got large majorities at Brunnerton and Black's Point.

## Results

The following table gives the election result:
1883 Inangahua by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Edward Shaw | 826 | 51.43 |
| | Independent | Edward Wakefield | 780 | 48.57 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1606 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 46 | 2.86 |
# Juillaguet

Juillaguet (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Charente department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Boisné-la-Tude.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 230 | — |
| 1800 | 267 | +16.1% |
| 1806 | 283 | +6.0% |
| 1821 | 286 | +1.1% |
| 1831 | 286 | +0.0% |
| 1841 | 288 | +0.7% |
| 1846 | 297 | +3.1% |
| 1851 | 278 | −6.4% |
| 1856 | 255 | −8.3% |
| 1861 | 274 | +7.5% |
| 1866 | 255 | −6.9% |
| 1872 | 241 | −5.5% |
| 1876 | 225 | −6.6% |
| 1881 | 231 | +2.7% |
| 1886 | 222 | −3.9% |
| 1891 | 195 | −12.2% |
| 1896 | 208 | +6.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1901 | 204 | −1.9% |
| 1906 | 204 | +0.0% |
| 1911 | 212 | +3.9% |
| 1921 | 206 | −2.8% |
| 1926 | 193 | −6.3% |
| 1931 | 193 | +0.0% |
| 1936 | 177 | −8.3% |
| 1946 | 206 | +16.4% |
| 1954 | 175 | −15.0% |
| 1962 | 147 | −16.0% |
| 1968 | 146 | −0.7% |
| 1975 | 120 | −17.8% |
| 1982 | 118 | −1.7% |
| 1990 | 107 | −9.3% |
| 1999 | 98 | −8.4% |
| 2008 | 133 | +35.7% |
# Florida Ruffin Ridley School

The Florida Ruffin Ridley School, formerly known as the Coolidge Corner School and the Edward Devotion School or Devo, is a public K-8 school located at 345 Harvard Street, Brookline, Massachusetts, United States. It is a part of Public Schools of Brookline.
The school was founded in 1892 on land formerly owned by Edward Devotion (1621-1685) and later by his grandson, another Edward Devotion (1667-1744). The land was purchased by the town from a later owner. The Devotions' 18th-century house is preserved by the Town of Brookline and managed as a house museum by the Brookline Historical Society and stands amidst part of its original gardens in the school's forecourt.

## Demographics

The school is attended by over 800 students from pre-kindergarten to eighth grade, and is the largest of eight public elementary schools in Brookline. The school emphasizes diversity, with English being a second language to over one third of the student body, among which about 40% are English Language learners. Roughly 37% of students are non-white or multiracial.

## Student life

The school has a Parent Teacher Organization supporting activities including field trips, "Arts Council," a science fair, Math night, and an International Night.

## Renovation

The school was reconstructed and enlarged (completed in August, 2018). For the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 academic years, the student body was split between two temporary buildings, termed Lower Devotion School (grades K-4) and Upper Devotion School (grades 5-8). The principals of Lower Devotion were David O'Hara and Jennifer Buller, and the principal of Upper Devotion was Monica Crowley.

## History

Built in 1892, the school was named for the second Edward Devotion, who decreed in his will that any money left over after the payments of his debt and funeral expenses be given to the town for use "towards Building or Maintaining a School as near the Centre of the said Town as shall be agreed upon by the Town." Although the money was long gone by the time school was built, the school was apparently named for him in recognition of his original request, although no records from the 1890s survive discussing the naming.
John F. Kennedy attended the school from 1922 to 1924.
Until 2005, the school librarian was award-winning author Norman H. Finkelstein, who wrote the book The Other 1492 (not to be confused with the similarly named professor Norman Finkelstein).
In 2018, a citizen-led movement endorsed by Brookline's Town Meeting and School Committee began the process of renaming the school, recognizing that the estate of Edward Devotion sold for his bequest included a slave. In May 2018 the name was changed to the Coolidge Corner School pending a new name. The name was changed to the Florida Ruffin Ridley School as of September 2020, following the vote of Town Meeting in November 2019.

## Notable alumni

* Ada Korkhin (born 2004), Olympic pistol shooter
# University System of West Virginia

The University System of West Virginia was an American educational authority formed by the West Virginia Legislature on July 1, 1989, to oversee the operation of the state's graduate and doctoral degree-granting institutions. It was abolished on June 30, 2000. A 17-member Board of Trustees governed the following institutions of higher learning in West Virginia, United States:
* West Virginia University (WVU), including:
** West Virginia University at Parkersburg (formerly Parkersburg Community College)
** West Virginia University Institute of Technology (formerly West Virginia Institute of Technology), and
** Potomac State College of West Virginia University
* Marshall University, including:
** Marshall University Graduate College (formerly the University of West Virginia College of Graduate Studies), and
* West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine
From the foundation of the state's various colleges until 1970, all colleges, indeed all forms of education, from pre-school through the graduate programs at Marshall University were under a single state Board of Education, with the exception of West Virginia University and what is now known as West Virginia State University which were under separate Boards of Governors as land grant schools. Following the decision in Brown v. Board of Education State was desegregated, gave up its land grant status and was placed under the Board of Education as well.
In 1970, education governance was reformed and all colleges, including WVU, were placed under a single Board of Regents, with the state Board of Education focusing on primary and secondary education. This lasted until 1990, when the graduate level colleges were separated as The University System of West Virginia, and the remaining Board of Regents was renamed the "State and Community College System of West Virginia".
In 2000, the state abandoned the University System of West Virginia. The West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission was established as its successor in overseeing higher education. Each institution received its own separate board of governors.
Since April 2019, both the Higher Education Policy Commission and the Community and Technical System have been led by Sarah Tucker who serves as the permanent Chancellor for the community colleges and the interim Chancellor for the four-year institutions.

## Regents Bachelor of Arts

The Regents Bachelor of Arts (RBA) degree is offered at all four-year public colleges and universities of the West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission. It is a non-traditional degree designed for adult learners where students can enter the program four years after high school and earn credits in the classroom, and through life and work experiences.
# East Trout Lake

East Trout Lake is a lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lake is directly north of Clarence-Steepbank Lakes Provincial Park in Saskatchewan's Northern Administration District. It is a long and narrow lake that runs in a west to east direction and is surrounded by boreal forest, rolling hills, and muskeg. Several streams flow into the lake and its outflow is at the eastern end where it flows directly into neighbouring Nipekamew Lake through a short channel and bay. The lake is part of the Churchill River watershed, which flows into the Hudson Bay.
East Trout Lake is accessed from Highway 927 at the south-east corner of the lake.

## East Trout-Nipekamew Lakes Recreation Site

East Trout-Nipekamew Lakes Recreation Site (54°21′24″N 104°58′38″W﻿ / ﻿54.3566°N 104.9771°W﻿ / 54.3566; -104.9771) is a provincial recreation park that was established in 1984 along the south-eastern shore of East Trout Lake and south-west corner of Nipekamew Lake. There are three resorts in the park centred on the bay and channel that separate the two lakes. Highway 927 provides access to the park and the resorts.
On the East Trout Lake part of the park is Pine Grove Resort. It features cabin rentals and a campground for accommodations. There is also a convenience store, boat rentals, boat launch, public showers, and washrooms.
Eagle Bay Resort is situated on the bay between the lakes. Like Pine Gove Resort, it also has cabins for rent and a campground. Eagle Bay Resort has a general store, fuel, a boat launch, restaurant, a large sandy beach, and a water trampoline.
Katche Kamp Outfitters is on the same bay as Eagle Bay Resort and also has cabins for rent. It offers many of the same amenities as the other resorts, such as boat rentals, boat launch, store, laundry, showers, etc. The outfitters also offers fishing guides.

## Fish species

Fish species in the lake include northern pike, walleye, lake trout, and yellow perch.
# Seiwagakuen-mae Station

Seiwagakuen-mae Station (清和学園前駅, Seiwagakuen-mae-eki) is a tram station in Kōchi, Japan.It is only 63 meters from the neighboring Ichijobashi Station, which is the shortest distance between adjacent stations in Japan.

## Lines

* Tosa Electric Railway
** Gomen Line

## Adjacent stations

| « | « | Service | » | » |
| Tosa Electric Railway |||||
| Ino Line |||||
| Ichijōbashi | Ichijōbashi | - | Ryōseki-dōri | Ryōseki-dōri |
# Richard Harris International Film Festival

The Richard Harris International Film Festival (RHIFF) is an annual film festival held in Limerick, Ireland, named for the actor Richard Harris (1930–2002), a native of the city. The festival is affiliated with the Irish Film and Television Academy and takes place in late October every year.

## History
### 2013

The Richard Harris International Film Festival was established in 2013 by Rob Gill, Sylvia Moore Eleanor McSherry and Zeb Moore. For the first festival, the Irish film Life's a Breeze was shown, along with Harris' This Sporting Life, and several shorts. Harris memorabilia was displayed at Christ Church, United Presbyterian and Methodist.

### 2014

The second festival was held at 69 O'Connell Street; films shown included What Richard Did and Starred Up. The first Richard Harris Outstanding Talent Award was given to Jack Reynor.

### 2015

Composer Patrick Cassidy received the Outstanding Talent Award.

### 2016

For the first time, the festival was partnered with the Harris estate. Fionnula Flanagan received the Outstanding Talent Award.

### 2017

In 2017, RHIFF partnered with Shift72 to produce RHIFFTV, an online streaming platform. Dominic West received the Outstanding Talent Award. Ukrainian animated fantasy The Stolen Princess won the overall Best Film prize.

### 2018

In 2018, Patrick Bergin received the Outstanding Talent Award. Detainment, later nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film, won best film overall.

### 2019

120 films from 30 countries were shown over seven days. Moe Dunford received the Outstanding Talent Award. The festival included the iMET (Interactive Media Entertainment and Technology) summit virtual reality experience. The Millennium Theatre in Limerick Institute of Technology was used for screenings. Bellingcat: Truth in a Post-Truth World won Best Film.

### 2020

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, no physical festival could take place. Jim Sheridan received the Outstanding Talent Award.

### 2021

Again there was no physical festival, due to COVID. Colin Farrell received the Richard Harris Outstanding Talent Award.

### 2022

The physical festival returned with screenings at 69 O'Connell Street and the Commercial. Kenneth Branagh received the inaugural Lifetime Achievement Award.

### 2023

111 shorts and features were screened in Omniplex Limerick; UCH, The Commercial & the International Rugby Experience. Jamie Dornan received the Outstanding Talent Award.