OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gilad Bracha

Gilad Bracha (Hebrew: גלעד ברכה) is a software engineer at F5, and formerly at Google, where he was on the Dart programming language team. He is creator of the Newspeak language, and co-author of the second and third editions of the Java Language Specification, and a major contributor to the second edition of the Java Virtual Machine Specification.
Between 1994 and 1997, he worked on the Smalltalk system developed by Animorphic Systems, a company that was bought by Sun in 1997. From 1997 to 2006, he worked at Sun Microsystems as computational theologist and, as of 2005, distinguished engineer, on various aspects of the specification and implementation of Java. Following that, he was distinguished engineer at Cadence Design Systems from 2006 to 2009, where he led a team of developers designing and implementing Newspeak.
Bracha received his B.Sc. in mathematics and computer science from Ben Gurion University in Israel and his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Utah. Bracha won the Senior Dahl–Nygaard Prize in 2017.

## BGGA closures

In 2006, Bracha, with Neal Gafter, James Gosling, and Peter von der Ahé (collectively BGGA), drafted a specification for adding closures to the Java language, version 6. The proposal has been criticized by Joshua Bloch on terms of being needlessly complex (adding function types and non-local returns) while providing little benefit for the average Java programmer over other simpler proposals. Closures were added to Java 8, but based on a different proposal than the BGGA one.

## Pluggable type systems

Bracha proposed that choice of type system be made independent of choice of language; that a type system should be a module that can be "plugged" into a language as needed. He believes this is advantageous, because what he calls mandatory type systems make languages less expressive and code more fragile. The requirement that types do not affect the semantics of the language is challenging to fulfill; for example, constructs like type-based overloading are disallowed.
In practice, pluggable type systems are variously called optional typing, type hinting, type annotations, or gradual type checking. They tend to be constructed by adding a static type system to an extant dynamically typed language without changing its semantics and usually its syntax. Examples include Smalltalk, Python 3, Ruby, Clojure, and PHP 5. For most of the languages there is only one implementation of the type system. The exception is Python 3 where the type system is truly pluggable, because there are several implementations and the programmer can use the one that is the best fit. The only language designed with a pluggable type system from the start is Newspeak. Java 8 provides the ability to extend the type system, but does not allow flexibility in the basics of the type system, such as choosing between static and dynamic typing.
# Michael of Massa

Michael of Massa (Latin: Michaelus Massensis; Michael Beccucci de Massa) (died 1337) was an Italian Augustinian Hermit and theologian. He is known both as a scholastic philosopher and as an author of contemplative works.
He wrote a Sentences commentary, probably through the 1320s and 1330s, and left unfinished.
His Vita Christi was a major influence on the more famous work of the same name by Ludolph of Saxony.
# Davol School

Davol School is a historic school at 112 Flint Street in Fall River, Massachusetts. It was built in 1892 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The eight room elementary schoolhouse was designed by notable city architect Joseph M. Darling, on the same plan as Connell School located on Plymouth Avenue. The brick Romanesque Revival structure is two stories in height, with a projecting entry section that is topped by a square tower with an open belfry and pyramidal roof. The school was built during a major expansion of the school system, increasing the number of classrooms by 20%.
The school was closed by the city in 2007.
# Gila Bend High School

Gila Bend High School is a high school in Gila Bend, Arizona under the jurisdiction of the Gila Bend Unified School District. It is a member of the CAA.
# Gladstone Middle School (California)

Gladstone Middle School is a middle school located at 1340 North Enid Avenue in Covina, California, United States. It is part of the Azusa Unified School District.
The athletic teams of Gladstone Middle School are known as the Gladiators and compete in the San Gabriel Valley Middle School Sports League.
The school was reutilized in 2023 as a middle school following the termination of its use as a High School, due to the reorganization efforts of the Azusa Unified School District.
# Gladwin High School

Gladwin High School is a public high school located at 1400 N Spring St in Gladwin, Michigan. It is the only high school in the Gladwin Community Schools district.

## Demographics

The demographic breakdown of the 581 students enrolled in 2015–2016 was:
* Male - 51.5%
* Female - 48.5%
* Native American/Alaskan - 0.5%
* Asian/Pacific islanders - 0.9%
* Black - 0.7%
* Hispanic - 1.2%
* White - 94.5%
* Multiracial - 2.2%
43.7% of the students were eligible for free or reduced price lunch.

## Athletics

The school's teams compete in the Jack Pine Conference for most of the school's sports. However, Gladwin's soccer teams compete in the Northern Michigan Soccer League. Additionally, Gladwin's hockey is played as the Mid-Michigan Storm, which is a cooperative program between Gladwin, Ogemaw Heights, Beaverton High, and Harrison High Schools. The Storm plays their home games at the Gladwin Community Arena and is part of the Northern Michigan Hockey League. Gladwin offers the following MHSAA sanctioned sports:
* Baseball (boys)
* Basketball (girls and boys)
** Girls state champion - 1975
* Bowling (girls and boys)
** Boys state champion - 2019, 2022
* Cross country (girls and boys)
* Football (boys)
** State champion - 2022
* Golf (boys)
* Ice hockey (boys)
* Soccer (girls and boys)
* Softball (girls)
* Track and field (girls and boys)
* Volleyball (girls)
* Wrestling (boys)
# Glassell Park Elementary School

Glassell Park Elementary School is an elementary school listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located at 2211 W. Avenue 30, in the Glassell Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. It is a PK-6 active school. The principal is Ms. Claudia Pelayo. It is a part of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD).
It was built in 1924 in Spanish Colonial Revival style. Following the 1933 Long Beach earthquake it was updated in P.W.A. Moderne architecture to make repairs and to meet new earthquake-related building codes. Elementary schools in Los Angeles were a part of the Los Angeles City School District until July 1, 1961, when it merged into LAUSD.
The school's main presentation to the public is its long, south-facing facade along W. Avenue 30 of length 190 feet (58 m). Its 100-foot (30 m) building frontage on Carlyle Street is less visible.
The property was deemed notable partly in the area of social history.
Only the 1924/35 school building and its portion of grounds were deemed to be contributing resources. Modular classrooms, playground areas, and a 1951-built cafeteria were considered intrusions that do not add to the historic character of the property.
# Glen Carbon Grade School

The Glen Carbon Grade School is a historic school building located at 124 School Street in Glen Carbon, Illinois. The two-story brick school has a Romanesque-influenced design planned by John William Kennedy. The school was built in 1914 to replace Glen Carbon's one-room schoolhouse, which its student population had outgrown. A four-room frame building supplemented both the old and new schools, so Glen Carbon had eight classrooms in total with its new school. Grades one through four were taught in the new building, while the upper grades used the frame building. The school was part of the Edwardsville school district, and students who wished to attend high school did so in Edwardsville. Glen Carbon was a European immigrant community, and its students reflected the village's wide variety of ethnic groups. The parents of the village, who mainly worked as coal miners, often volunteered for school events. When a new school opened in 1954, the village purchased the building for office space; it now houses the Glen Carbon Historical Museum.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 25, 2014.
# Brè

Brè (Italian pronunciation:) is a village on the eastern slopes of the mountain of Monte Brè, in the Swiss canton of Ticino. Politically the village forms part of the Brè-Aldesago quarter of the city of Lugano, although until 1972 Brè-Aldesago was an independent municipality, known simply as Brè until 1953.
The village of Brè was first recorded in 1280 as de Bre, and for most of its history has lived by agriculture and livestock. Until 1912, the only access to the village was on foot or by mule, but in that year Brè was reached by a road from Lugano, and the Monte Brè funicular was opened between Lugano and the summit of Monte Brè. Subsequently Brè has become a resort and residential suburb.
Brè is accessed by a steep and winding road from Lugano. This first climbs to the village of Aldesago, before crossing the southern slopes of Monte Brè to reach Brè village. Trasporti Pubblici Luganesi (TPL) bus route 12 operates along this road from Lugano city centre to Brè village, with one or two buses per hour. The Monte Brè funicular, which connects the Lugano suburb of Cassarate, itself served by frequent city buses, to the summit of Monte Brè, serves a stop known as Brè Villagio, although this is a 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) walk from the village itself. The funicular runs every half-hour.
The Wilhelm Schmid Museum, in the village, is the former residence of Wilhelm Schmid (1892–1971) and today contains a collection of his works. Schmid was the only Swiss painter of the northern Magical Realism style. The village is also home to an artistic trail that includes the works of 20 nationally and internationally acclaimed artists.
The parish church of Saints Simon and Fedele is first mentioned in 1591, in an account of a visit by Feliciano Ninguarda, then bishop of Como. It is believed, however, to date back to medieval times, and the tower, located in the southeast corner of the basilica, has Romanesque blind arches on its base. The church contains artistic works from different eras, including 17th-century frescos and 20th-century paintings by Jozeph Birò, a Hungarian painter and one-time resident of the village.
# Glendale Career College

Glendale Career College is a private, for-profit college in Glendale, California. It was established in 1946 by Dr. Byron Prout. It is now owned and operated by the Fuerst family of Success Education Colleges.

## History

Originally established in 1946 by Dr. Byron Prout, under the name Glendale College of Business, the school has broadened its services to include programs for medical professions. It was most recently acquired by Success Education Colleges in 2008 for an undisclosed amount.

## Programs

Glendale Career College offers a variety of programs in the allied health fields.

## Accreditation

Glendale Career College is accredited with the following organizations:
* Accredited by the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES).
* Surgical Technology programs at Glendale Career College are accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP).
* Vocational Nursing programs at Glendale Career College are approved by the Board of Vocational Nursing and Psychiatric Technicians (BVNPT).
# Black Socialists in America

Black Socialists in America (BSA) is an American political group whose stated goal is to create a national platform and network for those who identify as Black American Socialists.
Since its foundation, the group has worked on grassroots initiatives with organizations across the country, received national media coverage, and an endorsement from Noam Chomsky.
The group has also hosted a number of public panels and online discussions featuring Black organizers from both the civil rights and Black power eras such as Jamal Joseph and Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin, as well as political organizations like Kongreya Star.

## Software development

Black Socialists in America raised funds to develop software that has not yet been finalized as of 2023: $25,616.18 for a social organizing platform called the "Dual Power App," $1,738.43 for a democratic meeting application called "Stack," and $10,798.40 for an informational application based upon their own website. The Dual Power App and Stack were designed and developed open source through a spinoff organization, Open Tech Development (OTD), which, as of December 2023, is in hibernation. The projects, which were explored through a public design and development process that utilized feedback from local organizers and followers of the organization, are also suspended indefinitely as of 2023. The Dual Power App X account last tweeted on December 19, 2023.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1055

United Nations Security Council resolution 1055, adopted unanimously on 8 May 1996, after reaffirming Resolution 696 (1991) and all subsequent resolutions on Angola, the Council discussed the peace process, and extended the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVEM III) until 11 July 1996.
The security council reiterated the importance of the peace accords and the Lusaka Protocol between Angola and UNITA. The peace process was progressing, but with delays, particularly the quartering of UNITA troops and the integration of the armed forces. Both sides had agreed to the formation of a unified armed forces in June 1996 and the establishment of a government of national unity and reconciliation between June and July 1996. In February 1997 it was expected, as provided for in Resolution 976 (1995) that UNAVEM III's mandate would be completed. The need for all parties to provide security to UNAVEM III, to respect human rights and ensure the demilitarisation of Angolan society was emphasised after the deaths of two UNAVEM III personnel on 3 April 1996. The arms embargo against the country was reaffirmed.
Concern was expressed at the lack of complete quartering of UNITA's troops in accordance with Resolution 1045 (1996), and was called on to complete this, hand over weapons to UNAVEM III and release all prisoners unconditionally by June 1996. Both UNITA and the Angolan government were required to resolve all remaining issues by 15 May 1996. Additionally, they were urged to cease all hostile propaganda and to assist the United Nations in establishing an independent radio. The Secretary-General was asked to brief the council on 17 May 1996 on whether the parties had completed the tasks set, and on 1 July 1996 to submit a progress report.
# When Dreams Come True (1913 film)

When Dreams Come True is a 1913 American short comedy film featuring Fatty Arbuckle.

## Cast

* Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle
* Fred Mace
* Mabel Normand
* Ford Sterling
* Hank Mann
* Charles Inslee
# Parliament of Nigeria

The Parliament of Nigeria, sometimes referred to as the Federal Parliament was the federal legislature of the Federation of Nigeria and the First Nigerian Republic, seated at Tafawa Balewa Square in Lagos, and was composed of three parts: the Head of State (Elizabeth II as Queen of Nigeria from 1960–63, Nnamdi Azikiwe as President), the Senate, and the House of Representatives. By constitutional convention, the House was dominant. Regional parliaments had similar chambers: the House of Assembly and the House of Chiefs.

## History
### Previous legislature

The parliament was preceded by the Legislative Council of Nigeria established in 1946. The Macpherson constitution of 1951 expanded the council furthermore by creating a 185-seat federal House of Representatives.

### Independence parliament

The system was slightly adjusted after the proclamation of the republic in 1963.

### Abolishment

Following the assassination of General Murtala Mohammed in 1976, his successor General Olusegun Obasanjo initiated the transition process to terminate military rule in 1979. A new constitution was drafted, which saw the Westminster system of government replaced in favor of a more American-style Presidential system. As a result, Parliament was replaced with the National Assembly, which resembles more the United States Congress in structure.

## Composition

The Federal Parliament was the legislative branch of the government, consisting of three elements: The President, the Senate (the upper house) and the directly elected House of Representatives (the lower house). Each had a distinct role, but work in conjunction within the legislative process. This format was inherited from the United Kingdom and was a near-identical copy of the Parliament at Westminster.

### Senate

The Senate was modelled after the British House of Lords and the Canadian Senate. It had 20 members, twelve of which represented the each region and were nominated by an electoral college of their regional assembly. four were appointed by the President on the advice of the prime minister and the remaining four individuals represented the Federal Territory: the Oba of Lagos (an ex officio Senator), a chief selected by parliament, two other individuals.

### House of Representatives

The elected component of Parliament was the House of Representatives. To run for one of the 305 seats in the lower house, an individual had to be at least 40 years old. Each member holds office until Parliament was dissolved, after which they may seek re-election. Only those who sit in the House are usually called members of Parliament (MPs).
# Steven D. Poulin

Steven D. Poulin (born January 1, 1962) is a retired United States Coast Guard admiral who served as the 33rd Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard from 2022 to 2024. He most recently served as commander of the Coast Guard Atlantic Area and Coast Guard Defense Force East from 2020 to 2022. As Atlantic Area commander, he had operational control over Coast Guard missions covering the Rocky Mountains to the Arabian Gulf, covering 5 Coast Guard districts and 40 states. He previously served as director of operations for the United States Southern Command, commander of the Coast Guard First District, and Judge Advocate General and Chief Counsel of the Coast Guard.
In April 2022, Poulin was nominated for promotion to admiral and assignment as vice commandant of the Coast Guard, succeeding Linda L. Fagan. His nomination was sent to the United States Senate on April 7, 2022, and he was confirmed on May 11.

## Awards and decorations

| Badge | Advanced Boat Force Operations Insignia | Advanced Boat Force Operations Insignia | Advanced Boat Force Operations Insignia |
| 1st row | Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal | Defense Superior Service Medal with one bronze oak leaf cluster | Legion of Merit with four gold award stars |
| 2nd row | Meritorious Service Medal with "O" device and three award stars | Coast Guard Commendation Medal with "O" device and two award stars | Coast Guard Achievement Medal with "O" device |
| 3rd row | Coast Guard Presidential Unit Citation with "hurricane symbol" | Joint Meritorious Unit Award | Department of Homeland Security Outstanding Unit Award |
| 4th row | Secretary of Transportation Outstanding Unit Award | Coast Guard Unit Commendation with "O" device and award star | Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation with "O" device and award star |
| 5th row | Meritorious Team Commendation with three award stars | Coast Guard Bicentennial Unit Commendation | National Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star |
| 6th row | Global War on Terrorism Service Medal | Humanitarian Service Medal | Special Operations Service Ribbon with three service stars |
| 7th row | Coast Guard Sea Service Ribbon | Rifle Expert Marksmanship Medal | Pistol Expert Marksmanship Medal |
| Badge | Coast Guard Command Ashore insignia | Coast Guard Command Ashore insignia | Coast Guard Command Ashore insignia |
| Badges | Vice Presidential Service Badge | Commandant Staff Badge | Vice Presidential Service Badge | Commandant Staff Badge | Vice Presidential Service Badge | Commandant Staff Badge |
# Allobates algorei

Allobates algorei, the spotted nurse frog, is a species of frog in the family Aromobatidae. It is endemic to Venezuela and Colombia.

## Habitat

This diurnal, terrestrial frog lives in riparian primary forest habitats. It has shown some tolerance to habitat disturbance. Scientists have observed the frog between 400 and 1185 meters above sea level.
The frog's range includes some protected parks in, for example Páramos de Batallón y La Negra National Park, Chorro El Índio National Park, and El Tamá National Park in Venezuela and Tamá National Natural Park in Colombia. However, an 150-hour survey of Tamá National Natural Park did not result in any reports of A. algorei frogs there.

## Reproduction

Male frogs hide in the dead leaves on the ground, under rocks, or in dense vegetation and call to the female frogs. Scientists infer that the female frog lays eggs on land and that, after the eggs hatch, the male frog carries the tadpoles to water, as in other species in this genus.

## Threats

Venezuela's Fauna Red List classifies this frog as least concern of extinction and the IUCN Red List classifies this frog as near threatened. Its principal threat is habitat loss in favor of small-scale agriculture. The frog faces pollution from agrochemicals and loss of stream habitat from irrigation. Scientists also detected the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on some of specimens, but they did not see any signs of the fatal disease chytridiomycosis.

## Original publication

* Barrio-Amoros CL; Santos JC (2009). "Description of a new Allobates (Anura, Dendrobatidae) from the eastern Andean piedmont, Venezuela". Phyllomedusa. 8: 89–104.
# The UFO Files

The UFO Files: The Inside Story of Real-Life Sightings, published by The National Archives in 2009, is an official history of British UFO reports. The author, David Clarke, is a senior lecturer in journalism at Sheffield Hallam University. The book delves into the United Kingdom's historical relationship with unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and the public's fascination with extraterrestrial phenomena.
The book includes a detailed analysis of declassified UFO files from the Ministry of Defence, covering a period from the 1950s to the early 2000s. Topics include alleged UFO sightings, official investigations, and the Ministry of Defence evolving stance on the potential threat posed by UFOs. Notable cases, such as the Rendlesham Forest Incident and the Battle of Los Angeles, are explored within the context of public fear and Cold War paranoia.
David Clarke frames this narrative with skepticism, adding emphasis on the role of social and cultural factors in shaping UFO myths. His work is grounded in journalism and archival research, drawing connections between UFO phenomena and broader issues like government transparency and public trust in official institutions.
The book was published during an international wave of UFO document declassification, coinciding with similar efforts by the United States, Canada, and France. These actions were aimed to demystify UFO sightings and address the public's curiosity about government knowledge of extraterrestrial life.
The UFO Files remains an important resource for researchers and enthusiasts interested in the history of UFOs in the UK. Its publication marked a turning point in the public's access to previously classified government documents on the subject.
The book forms part of an international programme of declassification of UFO documents. Clarke has worked at The National Archives as a consultant on this subject since 2008.