OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# White-backed mousebird

The white-backed mousebird (Colius colius) is a large species of mousebird. It is distributed in western and central regions of southern Africa from Namibia and southern Botswana eastwards to Central Transvaal and the eastern Cape.
This mousebird prefers scrubby dry habitats, such as thornveld, fynbos scrub and semi-desert.

## Description

This bird is about 34 cm (13.5 in) long, with the tail comprising approximately half the length, and weighs 38–64 g (1.3–2.3 oz). The upper parts, head, prominent crest and breast are grey apart from a white back stripe flanked by two broad black stripes and a dark red, or maroon, transverse band at the base of the tail. The white is not visible unless the wings are at least partly open, such as when the birds are alighting, or sometimes in hot weather. The belly is buff in colour. The bill is bluish white with a black tip, and the legs and feet are red.
The speckled mousebird can be distinguished from this species by its differently coloured beak, legs and upperparts.
The white-backed mousebird has a whistled zwee-wewit call. It also has a buzzing or crackling call that might be for alarm or keeping in contact with the group.

## Ecology

The white-backed mousebird is a frugivore which subsists on fruits, berries, leaves, seeds and nectar. It also will feed on the buds of some plants, sometimes to the extent of stripping the branches of ornamentals such as fiddlewoods. Its feeding habits make it very unpopular with fruit farmers and domestic gardeners, which might be why it is very shy as a rule. When it spots a human it either sits quietly in a tree or takes off immediately. Sometimes it will settle on lawns when the grass is flowering and feed on the grass stigmata and stamens. In the wild its fruit-eating habits are an important factor in disseminating seeds of indigenous berry-producing plants such as Halleria lucida. However, it also spreads the seeds of invasive aliens such as Cotoneaster.
In handling mousebirds the tail should be avoided, as the long rectrices come out so easily as to suggest that it is a sacrificial defence mechanism.
This is a markedly social bird, with small groups of presumably related birds feeding together and engaging in mutual preening. It roosts in groups at night. Its perching habits are amusingly parrot-like; it often almost hangs from its legs rather than squatting on them like most birds, and commonly with each leg gripping a different upright branch.
These sedentary birds may breed at any time of the year when conditions are favourable. The nest is a large cup well hidden in a thicket. Nestlings are fed by both parents and also by helpers, usually young birds from previous clutches.
# Word – University of Aberdeen writers festival

Word – University of Aberdeen writers festival was a book festival that took place from 1999 until 2011, initially every two years and latterly every year, over a weekend of May at the University of Aberdeen. Authors, thinkers and commentators from all over the world came each year to Aberdeen for a three-day celebration of the written word with a mix of readings, discussions, films and exhibitions. There was also a Schools' and Children's festival.

## History

The University of Aberdeen writers festival originally took place in May 1999 with a £1,000 grant from the Scottish Arts Council and was "the largest, and most impressive literary event ever held in Aberdeen" according to The Scotsman. The second edition was in 2001, and the festival grew from this date. In 2009, Word attracted more than 10,000 visitors. Attendance at the 2010 Festival was in excess of 11,000, with a year of record ticket sales for a weekend of various events – readings, debates, music, exhibits, workshops and film screenings from more than 100 authors, poets, musicians, actors, artists, thinkers and media personalities. The 2010 programme was the most international yet, with Mayan poetry from Guatemala (translated into Scots), one of Poland's leading novelists, memoires of Sierra Leone, and an annual event on Spanish writing. The international focus was juxtaposed against an equally strong Scottish line-up, including a tribute to the north-east Doric storyteller Stanley Robertson, a series of Tartan Noir events, a debate on the state of the Scottish nation, a Gaelic book launch and children's storytelling sessions in Gaelic and Doric.

## Programme

Names appearing at the Festival included Nobel laureate Alasdair Gray, Alexander McCall Smith, Louis de Bernières, Seamus Heaney, Ian Rankin, Poet Laureate Carol Ann Duffy, Lionel Shriver, and Irvine Welsh, as well as a packed series of events for young readers. 2010 marked the 10th Word Festival and as part of the celebrations to mark the anniversary Scottish Opera’s Five:15 strand, featuring five new 15-minute operas by Scottish composers and librettists, premiered for the first time in Aberdeen.

## Venue

The University of Aberdeen writers festival was held at the King's College Conference Centre, a set of marquees, and other university venues on the campus in Old Aberdeen. Some events were held in venues across Aberdeen City and Shire.

## Official website

Word - University of Aberdeen writers festival website
# List of surviving Fokker D.VIIs

Acquisitions of German Fokker D.VII wartime aircraft by Allied countries after the 1918 Armistice has ensured that several examples have been preserved.

## Surviving aircraft
### Canada

Of the 22 D.VII aircraft acquired by Canada, one is displayed in the Martin Annex at the Lac-Brome Museum, in the village of Knowlton in Lac-Brome, Quebec. This unrestored Albatros-built example, serial number D.6810/18, is the only surviving D.VII that retains its original, Vierfarbiger four-color lozenge camouflage fabric covering, and is the original source of documentation for the four-color variant of the pre-printed covering.

### France

One example of the aircraft sent to France is at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace in Paris, France.

### Germany

A former Marine Luchtvaartdienst D.VII MLD 20 was discovered in a German barn in 1948. This aircraft is now displayed at the Deutsches Museum in Munich, Germany.

### Switzerland

The Swiss Air Force bought several German Fokker D.VII in 1920 and built them under license until 1925. One is on display in the Flieger-Flab-Museum in Dübendorf.

### United Kingdom

The example preserved in the Royal Air Force Museum in London has an uncertain early history. It was abandoned in Belgium by retreating German forces in 1918 and is likely to be one of the aircraft that served post-war in the Belgian Air Force. It was one of three that were sold and registered to Belgian civilian owners. In 1938, it was shipped to the United Kingdom and added to the aircraft collection of Richard Nash. Under the subsequent ownership of the Royal Aeronautical Society, it was displayed at various collections and exhibitions after World War 2 before being acquired by the RAF Museum in 1992.

### United States

One war prize was captured on November 9, 1918 when Leutnant Heinz Freiherr von Beaulieu-Marconnay of Jasta 65 landed at a small American airstrip being used by the 95th Aero Squadron near Verdun, France. It was donated to the Smithsonian Institution by the War Department in 1920, and is now displayed at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.
Two other American war prizes were retained by private owners until sold abroad in 1971 and 1981. The former is now displayed at the Canada Aviation Museum, in Ottawa, Ontario. The latter aircraft has been painted in Royal Netherlands Air Force markings, and is on display in Militaire Luchtvaart Museum in Soesterberg, Netherlands.
# William Alvah Stewart

William Alvah Stewart (August 16, 1903 – April 9, 1953) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania.

## Education and career

Stewart was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and graduated from Peabody High School. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Amherst College in 1925 and a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1928. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1928 to 1951, and was an instructor at Duquesne Law School from 1930 to 1942. He was an assistant city solicitor for Pittsburgh from 1934 to 1936, then an assistant county solicitor for Allegheny County, Pennsylvania from 1936 to 1938 before becoming city solicitor for Pittsburgh from 1938 to 1942. He was in the United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps during World War II from 1942 to 1946 and became a lieutenant colonel. He was a member of the Pittsburgh City Council from 1946 to 1951, and a member of the Urban Redevelopment Authority of Pittsburgh from 1947 to 1951.

## Federal judicial service

On February 27, 1951, Stewart was nominated by President Harry S. Truman to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania vacated by Judge Nelson McVicar. Stewart was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 24, 1951, and received his commission on April 25, 1951, serving in that capacity until his death on April 9, 1953.
He is buried at the Mount Royal Cemetery, Glenshaw, Pennsylvania.
# Gabriele Parlanti

Gabriele Parlanti (born 28 January 2004) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for FC Dordrecht on loan from Feyenoord.

## Career

He played for Sestri Levante helping them gain promotion from Serie D in 2023.
He joined US Triestina Calcio 1918 in January 2024. He was then loaned back to Sestri Levante to play the rest of the sesson in Serie C.
He signed for Feyenoord in the summer of 2024, agreeing to a two-year contract with an optional extra year. He began a season-long loan to FC Dordrecht shortly afterwards.
He made his Eerste Divisie debut for Dordrecht on 17 September 2024 away at FC Volendam. He had been due to make his debut in the previous fixture against FC Eindhoven but was left off the team sheet due to an administrative error.

## Personal life

When he first moved on loan to Dordrecht he shared a house with Italian teammate Lorenzo Codutti.
# Ross Matiscik

Ross Matiscik (born September 13, 1996) is an American professional football long snapper for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Baylor.

## Early life

Matiscik was born in Youngstown, Ohio. He grew up in McKinney, Texas, and attended McKinney Boyd High School, where he played baseball and football. As a three-year letter winner, Matiscik played offensive line and linebacker, especially excelling as a middle linebacker. As a senior, Matiscik was named an all-state linebacker and District 6-6A's Defensive MVP, completing his career with 233 tackles, 12 sacks, 4 interceptions, and a blocked field goal. Despite this, he was not recruited by any division one teams coming out of high school.

## College career

Matiscik was a member of the Baylor Bears for five seasons, redshirting as a true freshman and joining the team as a walk-on. During his redshirt year, he was moved to the long snapper position. While he was Baylor's primary long snapper for four seasons, Matiscik also served as a reserve linebacker for the Bears.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight |
| 5 ft 11+3⁄4 in (1.82 m) | 235 lb (107 kg) |
| All values from Pro Day ||
Matiscik was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent on April 26, 2020. He made the 53-man roster out of training camp, beating out incumbent long snapper Matthew Orzech. Matiscik made his NFL debut on September 13, 2020, in the season opener against the Indianapolis Colts.
On April 29, 2022, Matiscik signed a five-year, $5.965 million contract extension with the Jaguars through the 2026 season.
On January 3, 2024, Matiscik was selected to his first Pro Bowl. For his efforts in 2023, he was also selected as a member of the All-Pro First Team by the NFL Players Association and the Associated Press. Matiscik led the league in total tackles (8) among long snappers for the 2023 season, recorded a forced fumble and fumble recovery, and has never had a bad snap since his NFL debut.
He was named to his second consecutive Pro Bowl and NFLPA All-Pro First-Team following the 2024 season.
# Gerry McEntee

Gerry McEntee (born 19 October 1955) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played for the Meath county team. He played club football for Nobber GFC and Summerhill.

## Career

During his playing career he helped his local club Nobber to rise from Junior "B" to the top level, the Meath Senior Football Championship. In 1990 he transferred from Nobber to Summerhill and played in that year's drawn Meath Senior Football final against Navan O'Mahony's. A wrist injury sustained in the match kept McEntee out of the replay, which O'Mahony's won. He experienced success while playing inter-county football during the 1980s and early 1990s on the Meath teams managed by Seán Boylan, for whom he usually played at midfield. He won two All-Ireland Senior Football Championships in 1987 and 1988, as well as five Leinster Senior Football Championships, two National Football Leagues and a Centenary Cup Medal. He also captained UCD to a Sigerson Cup title in 1978.
McEntee was sent off in the 1988 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final replay. He struck Niall Cahalane and was dismissed in the seventh minute of the game.
McEntee managed Dublin club St Brigid's to their first and second Dublin Senior Football Championship in 2003 and again in 2011, as well as their first Leinster Senior Club Football Championship in 2003. He also managed St Brigid's's minor football team to the Minor and Leinster "A" titles in 2007, with the team narrowly missing out on winning the 2008 "A" title after losing the final to Na Fianna by one point after a replay. He also managed the 2008 Dublin minor football team.
McEntee is a qualified surgeon by profession, practising as the hepatobiliary and pancreatic consultant in Dublin's Mater Hospital, and being a former sportsman, also has an interest in groin injuries sustained while playing sport. A member of both the International Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Association and the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland, he operates from Clinic 5 of the hospital's Whitty Building, and from Suite 10 on 69 Eccles Street (the latter for private patients).
McEntee is the brother of Shane McEntee, the deceased Fine Gael TD for Meath. His niece, Helen, is the current Minister for Education and Youth in the Irish government.
# Frode Rønning

Frode Rønning (born 7 July 1959) is a former speed skater and coach from Norway.
During many speed skating seasons, Rønning was the Norway's best sprinter. Rønning participated in the 13 sprint world championships between 1977 and 1989, he became champion in 1981, and won silver in 1978 and bronze in 1979 and 1982. He has participated in three olympics; in 1980 Olympics in Lake Placid he won a bronze medal on the 1000 m and came fourth on the 500 m at the 1984 Olympics in Sarajevo he came 7th in the 500 m, and at the 1988 Olympics in Calgary he came 10th in the 500 m.
Frode Rønning has nine Norwegian sprint championships in total 3 on the 500 m and 2 on the 1000 m. As a junior, he sat 6 junior world records on 500 m, 1000 m and overall sprint. He first skated for Leinstrand IL and later for Oslo IL and ASK (Arbeidernes Skøyteklubb – later called Aktiv Skøyteklubb). Personal records: 37.31 - 1:15.54 - 1:59.82
# Harrods Christmas bear

The Harrods Christmas bear is a teddy bear created by the Harrods department store in London, England in 1986. A limited edition Christmas bear is released every year to celebrate the holiday season, and bears from years' past have since become valuable collectors’ items. They can be recognised by the Harrods logo and year of release embroidered on their left paw.

## The first Harrods Christmas Bear

Snowy, the first Harrods Christmas bear, appeared in 1986 wearing a knitted hat and scarf. This first bear was the only one not to have the distinguishable logo and year on his left paw, and he originally sold at a price of £14.95. He was reproduced in 1995 – this time with the logo and the date, 1986, on his paw. Original, undated bears are incredibly hard to find (reputedly, even the Harrods archive does not have one) and can sell for upwards of £600.
Since 1986, a bear has been released every year released in time for Christmas. Each bear wears a different outfit and care is taken to ensure that each year's bear is different to those from previous years. In the early years, the bears did not have names. The first named bear, William, was released in 2003. Since then, every bear released has his own name which is decided from a shortlist and is accompanied by a tag telling his story. As the popularity of the bears grew, consumer demand led to all bears from before 2003 being retroactively given names
Harrods Christmas Bear names by year :
| Year | Name |
| 1986 | Snowy |
| 1999 | James |
| 2000 | Merlin |
| 2001 | Scott |
| 2002 | Giles |
| 2003 | William |
| 2004 | Thomas |
| 2005 | Nicolas |
| 2006 | Alexander |
| 2007 | Benjamin |
| 2008 | Oscar |
| 2009 | Maxwell |
| 2010 | Archie |
| 2011 | Freddie |
| 2012 | Chester |
| 2013 | Sebastian |
| 2014 | Jasper |
| 2015 | Benedict |
| 2016 | Hugh |
| 2017 | Bertie |
| 2018 | Oliver |
| 2019 | Joshua |
| 2020 | Nicholas |
| 2021 | Angus |
| 2022 | Louie |
| 2023 | Ethan |
| 2024 | Noah |
# Dermatocarpon miniatum

Dermatocarpon miniatum is a species of fungus belonging to the family Verrucariaceae.
It has cosmopolitan distribution. It is a known host to the lichenicolous fungus species Adelococcus immersus and Halecania alpivaga. The species most commonly grows in dry rock, in areas of high sunlight.
# JS Yamagiri

JS Yamagiri :
| History ||
| Japan ||
| Name | Yamagiri (やまぎり) |
| Builder | Mitsui Shipbuilding, Tamano |
| Laid down | March 3, 1986 |
| Launched | October 10, 1987 |
| Commissioned | January 25, 1989 |
| Identification | MMSI number: 431999542 |
| Status | in active service |
| General characteristics ||
| Class and type | Asagiri-class destroyer |
| Length | 137 m (449 ft 6 in) |
| Beam | 14.6 m (47 ft 11 in) |
| Draft | 4.5 m (14 ft 9 in) |
| Propulsion | 4 gas turbines 54,000 shp (40,000 kW) |
| Speed | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
| Range | 8,030 nmi (14,870 km; 9,240 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) |
| Complement | 220 |
| Sensors and processing systems | OYQ-6/7 CDS (w/ Link-11) OPS-14/24 air search radar OPS-28 surface search radar OQS-4A hull sonar OQR-1 TACTASS |
| Electronic warfare & decoys | NOLR-8 intercept OLT-3 jammer Mark 36 SRBOC |
| Armament | 1 × Otobreda 76 mm gun 2 × missile canister up to 8 Harpoon SSM 2 × 20 mm Phalanx CIWS 1 × Mk.29 Sea Sparrow SAM octuple launcher 1 × Mk.16 ASROC anti-submarine rocket octuple launcher 2 × HOS-302A triple 324 mm (12.8 in) torpedo tubes |
| Aircraft carried | 1 SH-60J(K) anti-submarine helicopter |
JS Yamagiri (DD-152) is an Asagiri-class destroyer in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF).

## History

It is the first major combat vessel in the JMSDF to have a female captain. On February 29, 2016 Miho Otani became the first woman to command a destroyer in active duty. She had previously commanded a training destroyer. As of 2016, the vessel had around ten female crew members with designated accommodation and toilets for them. Otani was captain from February 2016 to February 2017.
# Monica Grefstad

Monica Grefstad Frøynes (née Grefstadt, born 12 October 1964) is a retired Norwegian athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres hurdles. She represented Norway at the World Championships in 1993 and 1995, and at the World Indoor Championships in 1995 and 1997. Her personal bests of 13.09 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Oslo 1994) and 8.06 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Paris 1994), are former Norwegian records.

## Career

Grefstad set her first Norwegian record in the 100 metres hurdles in 1993 when clocking 13.38 seconds. After improving it six times in two seasons, the record stood until it was beaten by Lena Solli in 1995. In addition, Grefstad held the Norwegian 60 metres record from 1995 to 1996 with a time of 7.41 seconds.
Grefstad was an able sprinter and long hurdler as well. In the 1980s, representing the club Ranheim IL, Grefstad became Norwegian champion in the 400 metres hurdles in 1987 and 1988, winning silver medals in 1989 and 1991. She also took two silver and one bronze medal in the 100 metres, a silver and a bronze in the 200 metres, and became Norwegian champion in the standing long jump in 1997. In the 1990s she represented the clubs SK Vidar and IF Minerva. In her main event, the 100 metres hurdles, Grefstad became Norwegian champion in 1993, 1994 and 1997 and also took three silver and three bronze medals.
Grefstad married athletics coach, agent and meet director Ståle Jan Frøynes and settled in Vear. Their daughter Amanda Grefstad Frøynes (b. 1998) finished 11th in heptathlon at the 2016 World Junior Championships. Monica Grefstad Frøynes works as the managing director for Vestfold District of Athletics, and was in 2015 elected as the employees' representative on the Norwegian Athletics Association board of directors.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Norway ||||||
| 1992 | European Indoor Championships | Genoa, Italy | 22nd (h) | 60 m hurdles | 8.52 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 20th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.37 |
| 1994 | European Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 9th (sf) | 60 m hurdles | 8.12 |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 10th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.11 |
| 1995 | World Indoor Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 10th (sf) | 60 m hurdles | 8.09 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 21st (h) | 100 m hurdles | 13.30 |
| 1997 | World Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 12th (sf) | 60 m hurdles | 8.31 |
# Miłakowo

Miłakowo (German: Liebstadt) is a town in Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, with 2,692 inhabitants (2010). It is situated on the Miłakówka River in the region of Powiśle.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1871 | 2,394 | — |
| 1880 | 2,441 | +2.0% |
| 1890 | 2,254 | −7.7% |
| 1900 | 2,127 | −5.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1910 | 1,926 | −9.4% |
| 1925 | 2,251 | +16.9% |
| 2010 | 2,692 | +19.6% |
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