OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1897 Romford by-election

The 1897 Romford by-election was held on 1 February 1897 after the retirement of the incumbent Conservative MP Alfred Money Wigram. The seat was retained by the Conservative Party candidate Louis Sinclair.
Romford by-election, 1897 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Louis Sinclair | 8,156 | 50.4 | −5.8 |
| | Liberal | Herbert Raphael | 8,031 | 49.6 | +5.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 125 | 0.8 | −11.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,187 | 69.0 | −1.7 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 23,475 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | -5.8 | |
# 1732 in art

Events from the year 1732 in art.

## Events

* Nicola Salvi begins work on the new Trevi Fountain

## Works

* Canaletto
** View of the Entrance to the Venetian Arsenal
** Return of the Bucentoro to the Molo on Ascension Day
* Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin – Lady Sealing a Letter
* Filippo della Valle – Cupid and Psyche (marble; approximate date)
* William Hogarth – A Midnight Modern Conversation; A Harlot's Progress (engravings by the artist)

## Births

* January 25 – François Devosge, French portrait painter (died 1811)
* February 22 – Jean-Bernard Restout, French painter (died 1797)
* April 5 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter and printmaker (died 1806)
* May 27 – Christopher Unterberger, Italian painter of the early-Neoclassical period (died 1798)
* November 18 – Pehr Hilleström, Swedish painter and teacher (died 1816)
* date unknown
** Christian Gottlob Fechhelm, German portrait and historical painter (died 1816)
** Johanne Seizberg, German-Danish illustrator and teacher (died 1772)
* probable
** John Julius Angerstein, Russian-born British art collector (died 1823)
** Carl-Ludwig Christinek, Russian painter (died 1794)

## Deaths

* February 18 – Balthasar Permoser, Austrian sculptor (born 1651)
* February 28 – André Charles Boulle, cabinet maker (born 1642)
* August 23 – Felice Boselli, Italian painter (born 1650)
* September 22 – Herman Moll, engraver (born c. 1654)
* October 25 – Andrea Brustolon, Italian sculptor in wood (born 1662)
* date unknown
** Francesco Bassi, Italian painter (born 1642)
** Jacques-Philippe Ferrand, French miniaturist and painter in enamel (born 1653)
** Antonio Gionima, Italian painter (born 1697)
** Abdulcelil Levni, Turkish/Italian poet and painter, in the service of the court at Istanbul (born 1680)
** Gasparo Lopez, Italian painter of flowers (born 1677)
** Michele Pagano, Italian painter of landscapes or vedutista (born 1697)
** Matthijs Pool, Dutch engraver (born 1676)
** Giovanni Battista Revello, Italian painter of landscape elements for other historical painters (born 1672)
** Jiang Tingxi, Chinese painter (born 1669)
** Giuseppe Tonelli, Italian painter of frescoes and quadratura (born 1668)
** Jan Joost van Cossiau, Flemish landscape painter and engraver (born 1660)
** Richard Waitt, Scottish portrait painter
# Newton University

Newton University was a university in Baltimore, Maryland that was given a charter by the state of Maryland in 1845. It had a 77-member self-perpetuating board of regents. The first chancellor was Joseph Barlett Burleigh. After his death in 1849 he was succeeded by J. N. McJilton (1805-1875), an Episcopal clergyman who was active in Baltimore City Public Schools on the Board of School Commissioners. By 1852 the institution had seven professors. The university, located on East Lexington Street between North Calvert and North (later Guilford Avenue) Streets, ran into legal troubles beginning in 1856 and closed in 1859. There is an engraving/sketch of the block showing the buildings in the collections of the former Peale Museum, later the Baltimore City Life Museums which merged into the collections of the Maryland Historical Society in 1997.
https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/stagser/s1259/121/6050/images/i000815.pdf

## Footnotes

* ↑ Steiner, Bernard O. (1894). "History of Education in Maryland". Circular of Information of the Bureau of Education. Vol. 15. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 260–267.
* This article about a university or college in Maryland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Wanted – A Bad Man

Wanted – A Bad Man is a 1917 American comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy. The film was produced by the Vim Comedy Company.

## Cast

* Ethel Marie Burton (as Ethel Burton)
* Oliver Hardy (as Babe Hardy)
* Bud Ross (as Budd Ross)
# Michael Fitts

Michael Andrew Fitts (born March 1, 1953) is an American legal scholar. He serves as the current president of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, and the Judge Rene H. Himel Professor of Law at the Tulane University School of Law.
Fitts is a former dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School.

## Biography
### Education

Fitts received a Bachelor of Arts from Harvard College in 1975 and a Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 1979.

### Law career

Fitts served as a clerk for federal judge and civil rights advocate Leon Higginbotham, who became a mentor to him. He then worked as an attorney in the United States Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel, where he served as outside counsel to the President, the White House, and the Cabinet.

### University of Pennsylvania

His teaching career began at the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1985. Fitts served 14 years as dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, from 2000 to 2014, where he was recognized for greatly increasing the school's offerings in interdisciplinary education. He also presided over a quadrupling of Penn Law's endowment, a more than 40 percent increase in the size of the Law School faculty and a doubling of all forms of student financial aid. Fitts also oversaw the rebuilding or renovation of the entire Law School campus. In recognition of his accomplishments, the Penn Law School's Board of Overseers named a faculty chair, a scholarship and an auditorium at the school in his honor.
Fitts has written on presidential power, separation of powers, executive branch decision-making, improving the structure of political parties and administrative law. He is a member of the Law and Political Process Study Group of the American Political Science Association.

### Tulane University

Fitts became president of Tulane in July 2014. Fitts launched task forces for interdisciplinary collaboration. In May 2018, he had an approval rating of 97.3%.
Fitts has initiated a campus master planning process redesigned to promote connections.

## Honors

* Beacon Award for Public Service (2014)
* Urban Leadership Award, Urban Institute (2014)
* Michael A. Fitts Distinguished Professor of Law (2013)
* Named one of the "Nine Most Transformative U.S. Law Deans" over the past decade, Brian Leiter's Law School Report (2011)
* Friends Select School Distinguished Alumni/ae Award (2007)

## Personal life

Michael Fitts's father, William T. Fitts, Jr., was a John Rhea Barton Professor and Chairman of Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania Health System from 1972 to 1975. William T. Fitts, Jr. also served in World War II as a surgical ward officer in the University of Pennsylvania's 20th General Hospital in the China-Burma-India Theatre. Michael Fitts's' maternal grandfather, Joseph H. Willits, was a professor and dean of the Wharton School.
Michael Fitts and his wife, Renée J. Sobel, have two daughters.
# Prószków

Prószków (, German: Proskau; Silesian: Prōszkow) is a town in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Gmina Prószków, a Polish/German bilingual commune since 2006.

## Geography

The town is located in the historic Upper Silesia region, about 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Opole. As of 2019 it has 2,570 inhabitants.
On July 29, 1921, a temperature of 40.2 °C (104 °F) was recorded in the city. Since then, it is the highest temperature ever recorded in any city located in present-day Poland (the town was then a part of Germany).

## History

Prószków in the Silesian Duchy of Opole of fragmented Poland was first mentioned in a 1250 deed. From the 14th century onwards the estates were held by the Prószkowski (also known as Pruskowski, Pruskovsky, von Proskau) noble family. In fact, the noble family's surname is after the name of the town. Count George von Proskau had the parish church and a Renaissance castle built in the late 16th century, which both were set ablaze by Swedish troops during the Thirty Years' War and had to be rebuilt in their present Baroque style after the war.
After the First Silesian War the town passed from Bohemian sovereignty and became part of Prussia in 1742 under the Germanized name Proskau. From 1763 the castle housed a famous faience manufacture, founded by count Leopold Prószkowski. The faience was sold mainly throughout Prussia, Poland and Austria. After the death of Count Leopold von Proskau in 1769 his estate (including the manufacture) passed to Karl Maximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein, which moved its most valuable collections, including the library, treasury and archive, to another location in then Austria in 1782, and eventually sold the estate to the Prussian king Frederick the Great in 1783. Part of the collection was found in 2011 in Brno and Mikulov in the Czech Republic. From 1871 to 1945 the town was part of Germany. From 1847 the castle was used as an agronomic college. Many Poles attended the college, and a Polish library and the Literary and Agricultural Society of Polish Students were founded in 1856 and 1860, respectively. The college was relocated to Berlin in 1881. The succeeding institute for pomological research, founded in 1868, including an arboretum and extensive orchards, exists up to today. Polish students of both schools operated a secret resistance organization to provide Polish patriotic education to the local population and prevent its Germanization.
After World War II only parts of the German population were expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. Prószków regained a town charter in 2004, it officially adopted its German name Proskau as a second name on 30 April 2010.
The coat of arms of the town is after that of the Prószkowski family.

## Transport

The Polish A4 motorway and Voivodeship roads 414 and 429 run through Prószków.

## Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Prószków.
# Philip Dykes

Philip John Dykes KC SC (Chinese: 戴啓思; born 2 June 1953) is a Hong Kong barrister and was the Chairman of the Council of the Hong Kong Bar Association from 2018-2021. He had already served in that position from 2005 to 2007. Dykes developed a practice in constitutional and administrative law and has emerged as a voice defending the rule of law in Hong Kong.
# Philip L. Quinn

Philip Lawrence Quinn (June 22, 1940 – November 13, 2004) was a philosopher and theologian. He graduated from Georgetown University in 1962 and went on to earn a master's degree in physics from the University of Delaware in 1966. He then attended the University of Pittsburgh, where he received his master's and doctoral degrees in philosophy. Quinn joined the faculty of Brown University. At Brown, he was very popular and taught courses in the philosophy of physics, ethics, and related fields. In 1985, he assumed a position as the John A. O'Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. Quinn served in 1994–1995 as President of the Central Division of the American Philosophical Association (APA).
In March 2010, the Philip L. Quinn Fellowship was created at the National Humanities Center. The fellowship, endowed by the executors of Philip Quinn's estate, is awarded annually in philosophy, preferably supporting young women in the early stages of their scholarly careers.
The Philip L. Quinn Prize is considered the APA's "highest honor for service to the profession." Previous winners include Ruth Barcan Marcus, J.B. Schneewind, Anita Silvers, Ernest Sosa, Karen Hanson, Judith Jarvis Thomson, John Perry, Michael Bratman, Martha Nussbaum, Robert Audi, Peggy DesAutels, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Anita L. Allen, and Virginia Held.
# White Gull Creek

White Gull Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river's source is White Gull Lake, near the south-western boundary of Narrow Hills Provincial Park and near the southern slopes of the Cub Hills. The river travels through boreal forest and muskeg en route to its mouth at the Torch River. The Torch River is a tributary of the Saskatchewan River as it flows into one of North America's largest inland fresh water deltas, the Saskatchewan River Delta. There are no communities nor settlements along the river.

## Description

White Gull Creek begins at White Gull Lake in the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District and flows in a south-easterly direction for about 150 kilometres until it meets up with the Torch River in the RM of Torch River No. 488. White Gull Lake, at 5.31 m (17.4 ft) deep and 1,345.3 ha (3,324 acres) in size, is located east of Candle Lake and south-west of Narrow Hills Provincial Park. For the first leg of White Gull Creek, it heads due east and is paralleled by Highway 120. At the point where the river starts to head south-east, Highway 120 turns course and heads north-east, crossing the river. Highway 106 crosses the river farther downstream. The forests along course of the river consist of jack pine, poplar, spruce, and willow and the geography consists of muskeg and rolling hills.

## Brook trout

Brook trout were first introduced to White Gull Creek in 1949 and, with subsequent plantings, became naturalised. The trout are continually being stocked biannually to supplement the naturalised population. Brook trout were first introduced to the Cub Hills in 1934 with the stocking of McDougal and Lost Echo Creeks. Since then, the fish have been introduced to 25 rivers in the hills with five of those rivers now supporting populations of naturalised, self-sustaining feral brook trout. The other rivers include Nipekamew Creek and Mossy River. All seven of Saskatchewan's trout species can be found in the Cub Hills.
# Chris Dreja

Christopher Walenty Dreja (born 11 November 1945) is an English retired musician, best known as the rhythm guitarist and bassist for rock band the Yardbirds for which he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992.

## Early life

Chris Dreja was born in Surbiton, and raised in Kingston upon Thames, Surrey. His father, Alojzy Dreja (1918–1985), was from Poland; he had been exiled to Britain in 1940, and served as a pilot in the Polish Air Force in Great Britain during World War II. Dreja's brother Stefan happened to meet guitarist Top Topham when they studied at the same pre-college art program, and introduced Topham to his brother. Topham and Dreja were influenced by folk/blues guitarist Gerry Lockran, who influenced them to switch from acoustic to electric guitars according to Greg Russo in his book The Yardbirds: The Ultimate Rave-Up. They made their debut with electric guitars at a concert with Duster Bennett and a young Jimmy Page.

## The Yardbirds

Dreja and Topham became core members of the Metropolitan (or Metropolis) Blues Quartet. During the space of a year Keith Relf, Jim McCarty, and Paul Samwell-Smith joined the group which became the Yardbirds. The 15-year-old Topham left the group when the band went professional, but Dreja continued on to play rhythm guitar with musicians such as Eric Clapton and later Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page.
Dreja changed from rhythm to bass guitar following the departure of the original bassist, Samwell-Smith. Dreja co-authored many Yardbirds group compositions, especially those on the album Yardbirds. Additionally, he drew the picture which would be used as the album cover. Due to this drawing the album has been referred to as Roger the Engineer. After the group broke up, Page offered Dreja the position of bassist in a new band he was forming (later to become Led Zeppelin). Dreja declined in order to pursue a profession in photography. He photographed Led Zeppelin for the back cover of their debut album.
Dreja played in the Yardbirds spin-off band Box of Frogs in the 1980s, and had been part of the Yardbirds' reformation from 1992 to 2013. In 2002, the Yardbirds re-emerged and a new album, Birdland, was released.
Dreja suffered a series of strokes in 2012 and 2013 and had not performed with the Yardbirds since mid-2012. In July 2013, it was announced that he had officially left the band for medical reasons and was replaced by original lead guitarist Topham.
# Historicorum Romanorum reliquiae

The Historicorum Romanorum reliquiae is the "monumental" two-volume collection of scholarly editions of fragmentary Roman historical texts edited by Hermann Peter and published between 1870 and 1914. Peter published the Latin editions of these texts, without translation and with introductions in Latin; for the greatest part of the twentieth century, this was the standard edition of such texts. Peter considers the reign of Constantine the Great as marking the end of Roman historiography (with the exception of a sixth-century excerpt preserved in Jordanes); history after, he said, "went over to the Christians and the Greeks".
The first volume appeared in Leipzig in 1870, with a second edition (revised by Peter himself) appearing in Leipzig in 1914 (and reprinted Stuttgart, 1967); the second volume appeared in Leipzig in 1906. In 1993, a reprinted edition with additional bibliography appeared. In the middle of the twentieth century there were repeated calls (including by Felix Jacoby, editor of a similar collection of Greek fragments, Fragmente der griechischen Historiker) for an updated, revised edition of the fragments, aided by a sea change in the field of historiography and a critique of Peter's outdated perspective. The collection was supplanted by Martine Chassignet's L'Annalistique romaine, the third and final volume of which was published in 2004. Other editors who have taken up the project of publishing the important fragments of Roman literary tradition include Courtney (Fragmentary Latin Poets) and Malcovati (Oratorum Romanorum Fragmenta).
Hermann Peter was also an editor of the Augustan History and an editor of and expert on the Origo gentis romanae. His monograph on Roman epistle writing, Der Brief in der römischen Litteratur (Leipzig, 1901), is considered a classic in the field.
# Fürstenberg China

The Fürstenberg China Factory (German: Porzellanmanufaktur Fürstenberg) was founded on 11 January 1747 in Fürstenberg, on the Weser river, by Johann Georg von Langen at the direction of Duke Charles I of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. It is the second-oldest porcelain manufacturer in Germany that still operates on its original site.
From 1888, the operation was turned into a public limited company (Aktiengesellschaft). In 1966, the firm became a limited liability company (GmbH) with its parent company, Braunschweig GmbH, and therefore a 100 per cent subsidiary of NORD/LB. Its current managing director is Stephanie Saalfeld.

## Museum

The Weser Renaissance-style castle, high above the Weser river, traces its history back to a medieval castle built in the first half of the 14th century (first mentioned around 1355), and was converted into a hunting lodge around 1600 by Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Until 1972, china was produced in the castle itself, but now, manufacturing is carried out in the adjacent, modern buildings.
Today, the castle houses the firm's museum and gives an overview of production from its beginnings during the rococo period to the present day. Other notable collections of Fürstenberg china may be seen in the North German museums at Brunswick, Schwerin and Wolfenbüttel, as well as in Weimar.
# Albert L. Reeves

Albert L. Reeves (December 21, 1873 – March 24, 1971) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri.

## Education and career

Born in Steelville, Missouri, Reeves received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Steelville College in 1898 and read law in 1899. He entered private practice in Steelville in 1899, later moving his practice to Kansas City, Missouri. He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1901 to 1902. He was counsel to the Missouri State Insurance Department from 1909 to 1913, and a member of the State Civil Service Commission in Kansas City from 1916 to 1917. He was a commissioner for the Supreme Court of Missouri from 1921 to 1923. He was also a lecturer at the Kansas City Dental College and at the Kansas City School of Law (now the University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law).

## Federal judicial service

Reeves was nominated by President Warren G. Harding on January 16, 1923, to the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri, to a new seat authorized by 42 Stat. 837. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 24, 1923, and received his commission the same day. He served as Chief Judge from 1948 to 1954. He assumed senior status on February 2, 1954. His service terminated on March 24, 1971, due to his death in Dunedin, Florida.
# 1898 Pembrokeshire by-election

The 1898 Pembrokeshire by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the House of Commons constituency of Pembrokeshire in South West Wales on 15 February 1898.

## Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the appointment as Attorney general of the Bahamas of the sitting Liberal MP, William Rees-Davies.

## Candidates

Two candidates nominated.
The Liberal Party nominated John Philipps, a barrister.
The Conservative Party nominated the 4th Earl Cawdor, Hugh F V Campbell.

## Result

1898 Pembrokeshire by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | John Philipps | 5,070 | 59.8 | +6.4 |
| | Conservative | Hugh F V Campbell | 3,406 | 40.2 | −6.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,664 | 19.6 | +12.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,476 | 76.6 | ±0.0 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 11,061 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | +6.4 | |
# Ye Rongguang

Ye Rongguang (simplified Chinese: 叶荣光; traditional Chinese: 葉榮光; pinyin: Yè Róngguāng; born October 3, 1963) is a retired Chinese chess grandmaster. In 1990, he became the first ever Chinese chess player to gain the title of Grandmaster. He was for more than ten years the coach of women's world chess champion Zhu Chen.

## Career

Born in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Ye Rongguang competed at the 1990 Interzonal Tournament in Manila, where he finished in 44th place scoring 6/13 points. In the same year he won the Chinese Chess Championship. He reached his highest FIDE rating of 2545 in January 1991, when he was ranked 97th in the world.
Ye has competed in the China national chess team in the Chess Olympiad three times (1988–92) (games played 35: +19 −5 =11), and twice at the World Team Chess Championships (1985–89) (games played 15: +8 −5 =2), winning bronze on 6th board in 1985. Ye also competed twice at the Asian Team Chess Championship (1987, 1991), with an overall record of 13 games (+11 −1 =1). He won an individual bronze medal and an individual gold in 1987 and 1991, respectively.

## Personal life

He lives in the Netherlands, and was appointed vice-chairman of the Netherlands Chinese Photographic Society. He is also a grandmaster in xiangqi.