OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lucien Thiel

Lucien Thiel (14 February 1943 – 25 August 2011) was a Luxembourgish politician and journalist. He was a member of the Christian Social People's Party (CSV), whose group he led in the Chamber of Deputies from 1 March 2011 until his sudden death six months later.
Born in Luxembourg City, Thiel studied journalism at university. From 1967 to 1979, Thiel was the editor of Revue, before becoming the editor-in-chief of d'Lëtzebuerger Land: a position that he held from 1980 to 1989. From 1990 to 2004, he was a director of the Luxembourg Bankers' Association (ABBL). From 2000 to 2002, Thiel was the President of the government's Economic and Social Council (French: Conseil économique et social).
Thiel ran for the Chamber of Deputies in the 2004 election, running for the CSV in Centre. He received the sixth-most votes among CSV candidates — 16,646 — allowing him to be elected easily. In the 2005 Luxembourgian local elections, he was also elected to Luxembourg communal council. In the 2009 general election, Thiel came fifth on the CSV's list, with 20,799 votes, and was re-elected. He took a significant interest in economic matters, particularly the protection of pensions and responding to the 2007–2008 financial crisis. He was elected President of the CSV's group in the Chamber of Deputies in February 2011, replacing Jean-Louis Schiltz when he stepped down on 1 March 2011. Six months into the role, on 25 August 2011, Thiel died of a heart attack.
As well as his political and journalistic work, Thiel was socially active, founding the Kräizbierg Foundation for the disabled, of which he became Chairman in 2011. At his death, he was married and had two children.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Lucien Thiel dies aged 68". luxembourg-times-online. 2024-05-30. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
* 1 2 3 4 5 "Lucien Thiel ist tot". Tageblatt (in German). 25 August 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 "CSV-Fraktionschef Lucien Thiel gestorben". Luxemburger Wort (in German). 25 August 2011. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
* ↑ "Circonscription Centre". Centre informatique de l'Etat. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
* ↑ "Circonscription Centre". Centre informatique de l'Etat. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
Party political offices :
| Preceded byJean-Louis Schiltz | President of the CSV in the Chamber of Deputies 2011 | Succeeded byGilles Roth |
# Astron (wristwatch)

The Astron wristwatch, formally known as the Seiko Quartz-Astron 35SQ, was the world's first "quartz clock" wristwatch. It is now registered on the List of IEEE Milestones as a key advance in electrical engineering.

## History

The Astron was unveiled in Tokyo on December 25, 1969, after ten years of research and development at Suwa Seikosha (currently named Seiko Epson), a manufacturing company of Seiko Group. Within one week 100 gold watches had been sold, at a retail price of 450,000 yen (US$1,250 (equivalent to $10,386 in 2023)) each (at the time, equivalent to the price of a medium-sized car). Essential elements included a XY-type quartz oscillator of 8192 Hz (8192 = 2$^{13}$), a hybrid integrated circuit, and a phase locked ultra-small stepping motor to turn its hands. According to Seiko, Astron was accurate to ±5 seconds per month or one minute per year, and its battery life was 1 year or longer.

## Anniversaries

In March 2010, at the Baselworld watch fair and trade show in Switzerland, Seiko previewed a limited edition new version of the watch and related designs of the original Astron watch, commemorating the fortieth anniversary in December 2009 of the debut of the Astron watch.

## Second generation

Seiko used the "Astron" trademark again as "Seiko Astron" when it released a satellite radio-wave solar-powered wristwatch using GPS satellites in 2012.

### 50th Anniversary Model

In 2019, Seiko released several limited edition Astron models to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the quartz Astron. Among them, the model produced in a limited edition of 50 pieces (3.8 million yen) mimics the original case design and has a rough engraving pattern by craftsmen belonging to Epson's "Micro Artist Workshop".
# Transport of Czech Jews to Baranavichy

On 28 July 1942, Germans had either 999 or 1,000 Jews transported by train from the Theresienstadt Ghetto and delivered to the city of Baranavichy, Reichskommissariat Ostland (now Belarus) on 31 July. Among the passengers were engineers, doctors, and other professionals from Czechoslovakia. Although there were Jews from Germany and Austria in Theresienstadt at the time, all of the deportees in the 28 July transport had been arrested in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia; 51 percent in Prague and 48 percent in Olomouc. Most were between the age of 40 and 65.
Transporting 1,000 Jews out of Theresienstadt was part of a systematic plan to kill Jews. The Nazi regime centralized Jews in concentration camps and ghettos and then assassinated them in the ghettos or at extermination camps, like Auschwitz concentration camp. The Germans started deporting Jews from Theresienstadt to places where they would immediately be killed or sent to other killing centers in 1942. They deported almost 90,000 Jews from Theresienstadt.
The train was delayed eight hours due to an attack by Soviet partisans. The train's original destination had been Minsk, but the transport did not continue to Minsk because it would have conflicted with the mass murder of 10,000 Jews that took place there from 28 to 31 July.
The local commander of the Sicherheitspolizei in Baranavichy, SS-Untersturmführer Waldemar Amelung, had ten days to prepare the execution. Trenches were dug 3 metres (9.8 ft) deep in the preceding days by prisoners from the Koldichevo concentration camp.
Dr. Zelig Lewinbok, who provided testimony about The Holocaust, stated that the passengers were told that the train was stopping for lunch. Instead, the Schutzstaffel (SS) had the Jews murdered in the Forest Gai northeast of the city, with no survivors. Initially, the victims were loaded into three gas vans, operated by Erich Gnewuch [de], Karl Gebl, and Heinz Schlechte, for execution. However, due to the delay, the executioners decided to shoot the remaining victims into trenches to finish before dark. Many victims were still alive when they fell into the trenches. After the Jews from Theresienstadt were killed, their mass grave was covered up by Jewish laborers from Koldichevo. Then, the workers were killed.
According to later testimonies, Czech railway workers or gendarmes who had accompanied the transport were also killed. The Baranovichi Gorodskaya Commission of Mass Annihilation, assigned to investigate the mass murder after the war, determined that there had been 3,000 people killed on 31 July. A memorial to the victims was established in 1972 near the burial site.
# Inner Mongolian People's Republic

The Inner Mongolian People's Republic was a state in Inner Mongolia founded shortly after the Second World War. It existed from 9 September 1945 until 6 November 1945.

## History

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese established a puppet state in Inner Mongolia called Mengjiang. Mengjiang was disbanded by the invasion of Soviet and Mongolian troops in August 1945. On 9 September 1945, a congress of "People's Representatives" was held in what is now the Sonid Right Banner. The congress was attended by representatives, 80 of them, from the Chahar, Xilingol, and Siziwang areas. The congress proclaimed the Inner Mongolian People's Republic, and a provisional government of 27 members were elected, of whom 11 were in the Standing Committee.
The Chinese Communist Party took notice of the government, fearing separatism. The CCP sent Ulanhu to take control of the situation, and he ordered the Inner Mongolian government to be dissolved. The region was later organised as the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.
# Battle of Amfilochia

The Battle of Amfilochia (Greek: Μάχη της Αμφιλοχίας) began on the evening of July 12, 1944 and lasted until the afternoon of the following day, involving guerrilla forces of the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) against occupation forces of the 104th Jäger Division (made up by German soldiers and Italian volunteers) and local Gendarmerie forces. It resulted in a victory for ELAS and was one of the largest tactical operations of ELAS throughout the Axis occupation of Greece, both in terms of forces involved and result.

## The battle

About 300-350 guerilla fighters of ELAS, with about 1000-1500 supporting reserves positioned on the connecting roads to Arta, Agrinio and Vonitsa (other sources raise the total count of ELAS forces to 2500-3000 fighters) started the operation at 20:00 at night capturing the German outposts on the city limits and at midnight the attack for the capture of the city began. The fighting lasted until the afternoon next day, and took place mainly around the buildings which the Germans had commandeered, since they had been taken by surprise and had not had time to disperse. At dawn, the attackers set fire to the Gendarmerie building with its contents after receiving shots from it, even though the Gendarmerie had agreed with ELAS not to participate in the battle. The tide began to tilt in favor of ELAS in the morning, when the reserves started to get involved in the battle. The ELAS forces withdrew without having completely cleared all the positions of the Nazis, because at 18:00 German reinforcements (three ships from the sea and tanks from Agrinio) began to pour in.

## Aftermath

This victory for the Greek resistance resulted in protecting the second major resistance organization EDES and preventing the planned attacks against it from taking place. As a response, the Germans planned the large liquidation operation Echidna (August 5 to 31) against the base of the ELAS rebels in the mountain massif of Roumeli, which, although it failed in its main objective, was responsible for the killing of approximately 170 civilians and the partial or complete destruction of dozens of villages and towns.
# Life and Death Row

Life and Death Row is a BBC documentary television series telling the story of capital punishment through the eyes of young people whose lives have been shaped by it.

## Series
### Series 1

| Title | Title | Original release date |
| 1 | "Execution" | 17 March 2014 (2014-03-17) |
| Follows the final hours before the scheduled executions of two of the youngest men on death row in Texas, Richard Cobb and Anthony Haynes |||
| 2 | "Judgement" | 24 March 2014 (2014-03-24) |
| Follows the trial of the Glynn County mass murder where Guy Heinze, Jr. was accused of murdering his entire family of eight in their trailer park home in Georgia. |||
| 3 | "Crisis Stage" | 31 March 2014 (2014-03-31) |
| Follows law student on placement at the Death Penalty Clinic at University of Houston Law Center, mounting last-ditch appeals for two of the youngest killers facing execution, Robert Lynn Pruett and Robert Garza. |||

### Series 2

| Title | Title | Original release date |
| 1 | "Execution" | 15 February 2016 (2016-02-15) |
| Follows the case of death row inmate Daniel Lee Lopez, who was convicted of murdering a Corpus Christi city police officer by hitting him with his SUV as he was trying to evade capture following a routine traffic stop. The programme follows, Lopez, his family and city officials in the weeks and months leading up to and after his execution. |||
| 2 | "Punishment" | 22 February 2016 (2016-02-22) |
| Follows the trial of Shawn Ford Jr. who was accused of the murder of Jeff and Margaret Schobert in New Franklin, Ohio. The program follows both the trial and determination of the imposition of the death penalty. |||
| 3 | "Truth" | 1 March 2016 (2016-03-01) |
| Follows the cases of Austin Myers and Timothy Moseley, both charged with the murder of Justin Back. Myers and Moseley both gave different stories to the authorities. The programme follows the police investigation to establish what actually happened. |||
| 4 | "Forgiveness" | 14 June 2016 (2016-06-14) |
| Follows 23 year-old TT Trottie on his journey as he prepares to lose another parent after his father, Willie Tyrone Trottie, was convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of TT's mother Barbara Canada and her brother, Titus, in Houston in May 1993, when TT was just 18 months old. |||

### Series 3

Series 3 was the first series following the move of BBC Three to an online-only format. Love Triangle consisted of eight shorts recounting the police investigation, trial and sentencing of the murder of Heather Strong. These episodes last for approximately 10 minutes each in contrast to the hour long episodes of series 1 and 2.
The Mass Execution consists of four 60 or 75 minute episodes looking at the eight inmates on Arkansas death row whose executions were pushed forward due to the expiration date on the Midazolam used in these executions.

## Reception

Series One received generally positive reviews from The Independent and The Telegraph.
Series Three was praised by The Guardian, including praising the adaptation of the program to online-only mini-series.

## Awards

Life and Death Row was awarded a BAFTA in 2015 for Best Television Factual Series
# 1950 Myrtle Beach USAF C-46D crash

The 1950 Myrtle Beach USAF C-46D crash was an aviation accident involving a Curtiss C-46 Commando of the United States Air Force, which occurred on Sunday, July 23, 1950, near Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, resulting in the deaths of 39 people.
It was the deadliest aviation accident in South Carolina.

## Aircraft

The Curtiss C-46D-10-CU Commando with the aircraft registration number 44-77577 had been delivered to the United States Air Force on December 14, 1944. According to some sources, in July 1949, it underwent a conversion, which effectively changed the aircraft model to TC-46D.

## Accident

Military training maneuvers involving National Guard Air Forces from various states were being conducted in Myrtle Beach prior to the crash, and the military personnel were returning home. Among them was a group of 30 servicemen from the Tennessee Air National Guard, who were heading to Nashville (state of Tennessee). The aircraft was 44–77577, and the crew consisted of four people.
However, just a few minutes after takeoff, the aircraft crashed to the ground 9 mi (14 km) northwest of Myrtle Beach and was completely destroyed, causing a large fire at the site. All individuals on board perished.
A total of 39 bodies were recovered from the wreckage, which meant there were actually 5 more people on board than officially listed. It is possible these were military personnel who had boarded the aircraft as a form of transportation. Thus, officially, 39 people were confirmed dead in the crash. It was the deadliest aviation accident in the history of the state of South Carolina.

## Investigation

Parts of the wing were discovered a .25 mi (0.40 km) from where the fuselage fell, which immediately led to speculation of an onboard explosion. However, upon closer examination, it was determined that shortly after takeoff, the left aileron broke apart in its central section, causing it to detach. The aircraft, having climbed to 1,000–2,000 feet (300–600 m), went out of the crew's control, and the resulting excessive stress led to the detachment of both wings. Unable to continue flying, the C-46 plummeted to the ground.
# Michel Rasquin

Michel Rasquin (19 September 1899 – 27 April 1958) was a Luxembourgish journalist and socialist politician, and European Commissioner.
Rasquin was born in Pétange, Luxembourg, in 1899. After the Second World War, he was the president of the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party from 1945 to 1951.
He was a member of the Council of State, the advisory body, from December 1945 to July 1948. In June 1948, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg.
He was Mayor of Esch-sur-Alzette from 1949 to 1951. He represented Luxembourg in the European Parliament during that same time period.
From 1951 to 1958, he was a minister in the coalition governments of Pierre Dupong and Joseph Bech, with responsibility for the economy.
He was appointed Luxembourg's representative on the inaugural European Commission, the Hallstein Commission, which took office in January 1958. Rasquin had responsibility for the Transport portfolio, but died in April 1958 and was succeeded by Lambert Schaus.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 144

United Nations Security Council Resolution 144, adopted on July 19, 1960, acknowledging that the situation existing between Cuba and the United States was growing more tense but also that it was the subject of ongoing debate inside the Organization of American States, the council decided to delay action on the matter until receiving a report from the OAS. The council urged all other States to refrain from any action which might increase the existing tensions between the two nations.
Resolution 144 was adopted by nine votes to none, while the People's Republic of Poland and Soviet Union abstained.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 145

United Nations Security Council Resolution 145 was adopted unanimously on 22 July 1960. After considering a report by the Secretary-General, Dag Hammarskjöld, regarding the implementation of Resolution 143, the Council called upon Belgium to withdrawal its troops from the Congo and authorized the Secretary-General to take all necessary action to this effect. The Council further requested all states to refrain from any action which might impede the restoration of law and order in the Congo or undermine its territorial integrity, the Council then commended the Secretary-General for his prompt action in regard to Resolution 143 along with his first report and requested further reports be made as appropriate.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 172

United Nations Security Council Resolution 172, adopted unanimously on July 26, 1962, after examining the application of the Republic of Rwanda for membership in the United Nations, the Council recommended to the General Assembly that the Republic of Rwanda be admitted.
# Paul Dahm

Paul J. Dahm (born 30 December 1951 in Bascharage) is a Luxembourgish composer. He is best known for his arrangement of Mozart's three sonatas. Along with the American jazz pianist George Letellier, Dahm has also arranged the tunes of Frank Sinatra and the big band era and turned them into philharmonic ensembles with Opus 78.
# Koichi Oshima

Koichi Oshima (大島 公一, Oshima Koichi, born June 17, 1967) is a retired Japanese professional baseball player from Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan. He played for the Kintetsu Buffaloes, Orix Buffaloes, and Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles during his professional career, and currently works as a minor league hitting coach for the Orix Buffaloes.
Oshima was a valuable switch hitter and a solid fielder, winning three Japanese golden glove awards at second base, and two Best Nine awards. He dismissed an offer to work as a coach when the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes and Orix BlueWave merged, and played a season with the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles before becoming a coach for the Orix Buffaloes in 2006.
He won a bronze medal in the 1992 Summer Olympics before entering the Japanese professional leagues.
# Minah Bird

Minah Ogbenyealu Bird (also known as Mynah Bird and Minah Uko) (11 March 1950 – July 1995) was a Nigerian model and actress active in the United Kingdom in the 1970s.

## Early Life

Bird was born in from Aba in Nigeria and was educated in Nigeria and Finland.
She appeared in several UK films of the 1970s.
Described as the "only major black starlet in British sex films", she vanished from public view from the late 1970s and was found dead in her London council flat, a few weeks after suffering an apparent heart attack in 1995.

## Career

Bird was listed as one of the "top black fashion models who paved the way for black women in fashion" alongside Iman and Grace Jones.
She appeared on the cover of Oz magazine in November 1970. She is credited with a series in the Sunday Mirror in the mid 70s that birthed the trend of Kiss N Tell stories in newspapers.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role |
| 1971 | Up Pompeii | Girl Bather (uncredited) |
| 1972 | The Love Box (aka Lovebox) | Black Girl ("New Colours" segment) |
| 1972 | Four Dimensions of Greta | Cynthia |
| 1972 | Layout for 5 Models | Maria |
| 1974 | Percy's Progress | Miss America |
| 1974 | Vampira aka Old Dracula | Rose |
| 1974 | It's Not the Size That Counts | Maria |
| 1976 | Alfie Darling | Gloria |
| 1978 | The Stud | Molly |
| 1978 | Play For Today (BBC TV) S9.E2: "Victims of Apartheid" | Clara |
| 1979 | The London Connection | Narcotics Agent |
| 1979 | A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square | Mavis (final film role) |
# Bayındır railway station

Bayındır station (Turkish: Bayındır garı) is a railway station in the town of Bayındır, Turkey. The station is served by the Turkish State Railways. 8 trains service the station going eastbound to Ödemiş or Tire and westbound to İzmir. The station was built in 1883 by the Oriental Railway Company and taken over by the Turkish State Railways in 1935.
# Thomas Hall (murderer)

Thomas Hall (c. 1848–1929) was a New Zealand commission agent, forger and murderer.
Hall was born in Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, England, on 24 January 1848. He migrated to New Zealand as a young child with his parents in 1853.
Hall's father, TW Hall eventually settled in Timaru and young Thomas managed a property owned by his uncle, John Hall, who later became a prominent New Zealand politician, Sir John Hall.
Hall established himself in business in the early 1880s becoming a partner in Hall and Meason, commission agents, selling land and lending money.
He married Kate Emily Espie on 26 May 1885. She was the stepdaughter of Captain Henry Cain, who was Timaru's second mayor and regarded as the city's father. Cain died at Hall's house on 29 January 1886.
The Halls had a child in June 1886 and soon after, his wife showed signs of a mysterious illness that puzzled her doctor. After a family friend drank from a cup intended for Kate, rumours in the community spread and the Doctor began to suspect poisoning. He sent off a sample of her stomach contents for analysis which confirmed suspicions. Hall and a family friend, Margaret Houston were committed for trial.
Houston was acquitted, but Hall was sentenced to life imprisonment for attempted murder, and 12 charges of forgery. Soon after, the doctor had Hall's father-in-law's body exhumed and signs of poisoning were found. Justice Williams sentenced Thomas Hall to death for this second case, but on appeal, the conviction was overturned on a technicality. Hall was released from Mount Eden Prisons after serving 21 years and left the country.
In the NZ Dictionary of Biography records that the time and place of Hall's death is unknown, however biographer Peter Graham claims that after his release he left to live in Australia in the seaside town of Yeppoon where he is buried today under the assumed name of Paul Newstead.