OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Charles Weick

Paul Charles Weick (August 25, 1899 – May 22, 1997) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio.

## Education and career

Born in Youngstown, Ohio, Weick was a member of the Student Army Training Corps in 1918. He received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Cincinnati College of Law in 1920. He was in private practice in Akron, Ohio from 1920 to 1956, with a brief stint in Youngstown in 1927.

## Federal judicial service

Weick was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on February 27, 1956, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio vacated by Judge Emerich B. Freed. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 28, 1956, and received his commission the next day. Weick served in that capacity until October 7, 1959, due to his elevation to the Sixth Circuit.
Weick was nominated by President Eisenhower on August 5, 1959, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated by Judge Florence E. Allen. He was confirmed by the Senate on September 9, 1959, and received his commission the next day. He served as Chief Judge from 1963 to 1969 and as a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1964 to 1969. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1981. Weick served in that capacity until his death on May 22, 1997, in Stow, Ohio.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 308

United Nations Security Council Resolution 308 was adopted on January 19, 1972, after a request by the Organisation of African Unity to hold meetings of the Council in an African capital. The Council decided to hold meetings in Addis Ababa from January 28 to a date no later than February 4. The Council expressed its gratitude to Ethiopia for its promises for host the meetings and to provide certain facilities without cost.
The President of the Council announced the resolution was approved unanimously in the absence of any objection.
In accordance with the resolution, the Council's 1627th to 1638th meetings were held in the Ethiopian capital, to discuss several issues relating to peace and security in Africa.
# Association of Higher Civil and Public Servants

The Association of Higher Civil and Public Servants (AHCPS) is a trade union representing senior civil servants and other managers in Ireland.
The union was founded in 1943, and affiliated to the Irish Congress of Trade Unions in 1978. Despite its name, it represents not only civil servants, but also managers in other organisations in the state sector.
The Veterinary Officers' Association works closely with the AHCPS, which takes responsibility for its negotiation and representation.

## General Secretaries

    1975: Ralph Pares
    1979: John Dowling
    1986: Seán Ó Ríordáin
    2007: Dave Morris
    2014: Ciarán Rohan
# Lompoc Valley Flower Festival

The Lompoc Valley Flower Festival is an annual flower festival held in the city of Lompoc, located northern Santa Barbara County, California.
The event is organized and coordinated by The Lompoc Valley Festival Association, and is held annually at Ryon Memorial Park, for 5 days from Wednesday to Sunday on the last full weekend in June.
The Flower Festival started in 1952 and is named after the commercial flower fields that used to be plentiful around the city and Lompoc Valley. The festival features a carnival, live entertainment, food, arts and crafts, and a commercial flower center. The event includes the crowning of a Flower Festival Queen, and the Flower Festival Parade on Saturday morning.

## History

The Lompoc Valley Flower Festival was established in 1952, at first not as a flower festival but as an annual rodeo and parade. The original event grew until one of Lompoc's leading citizens at the time, George Miller, began championing for the Flower Festival. Miller persuaded Lompoc's Chamber of Commerce to change from the rodeo and parade event, reasoning "that while more than 200 California communities staged rodeos each year, large and small, Lompoc had its world famous flower fields, an asset that was unique and the perfect basis for the community event".
The flower festival was developed around The Alpha Clubs Flower Show, which had previously been going since 1922. It started out as a 2-day event, but has grown over the years to a 5-day event. Nowadays, the biggest part of the festival is the parade.
The festival was cancelled in 2020 and 2021 due to effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Parade

The Flower Festival Parade occurs annually on the Saturday morning of the festival. It starts in downtown, travels through town, and concludes at the festival's site in Ryon Memorial Park, . The parade's route follows "H" Street and Ocean Avenue. Each float is required to be constructed of flowers and/or natural materials.
# 1896 Lichfield by-election

The 1896 Lichfield by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 26 February 1896. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.
Fulford's election in 1895 was voided on petition on 19 December 1895 and a by-election ensued.
General election 1895: Lichfield :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Henry Charles Fulford | 3,902 | 50.3 | +0.4 |
| | Liberal Unionist | Leonard Darwin | 3,858 | 49.7 | −0.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 44 | 0.6 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,760 | 85.1 | +3.7 |
| | Liberal gain from Liberal Unionist | Liberal gain from Liberal Unionist | Swing | +0.4 | |
# Ross (gasoline automobile)

The Ross was a Brass era automobile manufactured in Detroit, Michigan from 1915 to 1918 by the Ross Automobile Company.

## History

John L. Ross of Ross & Young Machine Company entered the automobile field by incorporating his Ross Automobile Company in 1915. The Ross automobile had a Herschell-Spillman V-8 engine with body styles including sedans and town cars and were priced at $1,350 and $1,850, equivalent to $55,719 in 2023.
The "Ross Eight" won fame briefly in 1916 for being the first automobile to climb San Francisco's famous Fillmore Street hill in high gear, where grades reach a maximum of 251⁄2%.
New York capitalists took over the company in late 1916 and changed the car from an 8-cylinder to a Continental six-cylinder. In 1917 the V-8 engine was reinstated, but not for long. The Company entered receivership and in February 1918, the Ross plant had been sold.
# Gonalston

Gonalston is a small village in Nottinghamshire lying just to the north-east of Lowdham and almost upon the A612 trunk road that runs from Nottingham to Southwell. Gonalston comprises 1,096 acres (4.44 km$^2$; 1.713 sq mi) of arable and pasture land in about equal portions, interspersed with 106 acres (0.43 km$^2$) of wood and plantations. It lies on a small river called the Dover Beck which separates the village from Lowdham and which flows south-east into the River Trent 2 miles (3.2 km) away. Population for the 2021 census was 83 residents.

## Toponymy

Gonalston seems to contain the Old Norse personal name, Gunnolf, + tun (Old English), an enclosure; a farmstead; a village; an estate.., so 'Gunnolf's farm/settlement'.

## Historical

According to Francis White's Directory of Nottinghamshire of 1853, Gonalston
   is a small rural village and parish, near the Dover Beck, 4 miles (6.4 km) south-south-west of Southwell, containing 100 inhabitants and 862 acres (3.49 km$^2$) of land, enclosed in 1768, when 155 acres (0.63 km$^2$) were allotted for the tithes. John Francklin Esq. owns the whole lordship, and is patron of the rectory, which is valued in the King's books at £7 19s 2d, now £324, and is enjoyed by the Rev. Edward Walker Foottit B.A. The church, dedicated to St Lawrence, is a small structure, with a tower and two bells, and was rebuilt in 1852. In Thoroton's time it contained some ancient figures of crusaders, but they were either destroyed or removed at the diminution of the church. They have since been taken up by the present proprietor, under the superintendence of Rd. West Macott Esq. R.A., and are about to be placed in the name of the new edifice.

## Notable buildings

The parish church of St Laurence dates from the 14th century. It lies outside the village centre, in the grounds of the rectory, close to the manor house and home farm.
The village was famed in ancient times for its hospital or spital now lost, and its effigies of Crusaders. "William de Heris, in the reign of Henry III, founded an hospital here called the Spital, 'to the honour of St. Mary Magdalene;' the successive rectors of the parish were masters, and formerly preached their induction sermon upon its ruins."

## Archaeology

Some recent and important archaeological discoveries have been made in the East Midlands and especially in the silts of the Trent Valley area. This includes finds in Gonalston. At Holme Dyke, Gonalston, Neolithic pottery has been excavated from a ring ditch, and a Late Bronze Age domestic site (as a burnt mound) was uncovered by quarry workings.
# Joseph Tyree Sneed III

Joseph Tyree Sneed III (July 21, 1920 – February 9, 2008) was an American jurist who served as United States Deputy Attorney General and then as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit for nearly 35 years until his death. He was the father of Carly Fiorina, a former CEO of Hewlett-Packard.

## Early life and education

Joseph Tyree Sneed III was born on July 21, 1920, in Calvert, Texas. He was the son of Cara Carlton (Weber) and Harold Marvin Sneed (January 6, 1883 – Dec 27, 1934), a rancher and landowner. Joseph P. Sneed is his great-great-grandfather. He spent his youth working summers as a cowboy on his uncle's ranch in the Texas Panhandle.
Sneed received his Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Southwestern University in 1941. He served as a staff sergeant in the Army Air Corps during World War II. Sneed attended the University of Texas School of Law, where he received his Bachelor of Laws, Order of the Coif in 1947. He was also a visiting student at the London School of Economics and the University of Ghana. He subsequently received a Doctor of Juridical Science from Harvard Law School in 1958.

## Career
### Academia

Sneed was an assistant professor of law at the University of Texas School of Law from 1947 to 1951. He became an associate professor in 1951 and was made a full professor in 1954. He taught at the University of Texas until 1957.
Sneed was a professor of law at Cornell Law School from 1957 to 1962, followed by the Stanford Law School from 1962 to 1971. He was professor of law and dean of the Duke University School of Law from 1971 to 1973.

### Judicial service

Sneed was nominated by President Richard Nixon to a seat vacated (formerly occupied) by Judge Frederick George Hamley on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on July 25, 1973. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 3, 1973, and received his judicial commission on August 24, 1973. He assumed senior status on July 21, 1987.
Sneed was part of a three-judge panel that replaced Whitewater special prosecutor Robert B. Fiske with Kenneth Starr in 1994.

## Personal life

Sneed married Madelon Montross Juergens in 1944. She was a portrait and abstract artist who died in 1998. Together they had a son and two daughters, including Carly Fiorina. They resided in San Francisco, California.

## Death

Sneed died on February 9, 2008, in San Francisco at the age of 87.
# Lausitzer Füchse

The Lausitzer Füchse (literally Lusatian Foxes; Upper Sorbian: Łužiske liški) is an ice hockey team based in Weißwasser, Saxony. They currently play in DEL2, the second level of ice hockey in Germany. Prior to the 2013–14 season they played in the 2nd Bundesliga. The Weißwasser U23 team, ES Weißwasser, currently plays in the Regionalliga East.

## History

The team was founded already in 1932 but is most significant for its remarkable domination as SG Dynamo Weißwasser in the GDR ice hockey league with over 25 championships. The club was affiliated to SV Dynamo, which was the sports association of the East German police, state security service and customs. After the German reunification the team could not hold its strength, financial problems and relegations followed.
After the 2006–07 season, the team has won the best-of-seven play-down series against Dresdner Eislöwen with 4-2 and remains in the 2nd Bundesliga while the Eislöwen have to play in the Oberliga in the 2007/2008 season.
Since the 2008–09 season in second German league, there were six qualifications for the playoffs or pre-playoffs.

## Honours

East German ice hockey champions: (25) - 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1981, 1989, 1990
# Tivi Ilisituk

Tivi Ilisituk (January 2, 1933 – 2012) was an Inuk hunter and carver from Salluit, Quebec.

## Background

Ilisituk was born on January 2, 1933, and began carving in 1954, using light gray stone from the Kovik River. He also created prints. Ilisituk died in 2012.

## Career

Ilisituk's work primarily features hunting themes. in 1967, one of his sculptures was featured in Eskimo Sculpture, a highly acclaimed exhibition that the Winnipeg Art Gallery organized and presented at the Manitoba Legislative Building.
Ilisituk had two solo exhibitions during his life time: Sculptures by Tivi Ilisituk at the Becket Art Gallery of Hamilton, Ontario in 1970 and Tivi Ilisituk: A Study in Cultural Realism at Arctic Artistry in New York City, United States in 1986.
Ilisituk's work is held in several museums, including the British Museum, the National Gallery of Canada, the University of Toronto Art Collection, and the University of Michigan Museum of Art.
# Battle of Iguará

The Battle of Iguará was a battle of the Cuban War of Independence which took place on December 13, 1895 in the Santa Clara Province, Cuba.

## The Battle

That same day, near the town of Iguará , the Invasive Column, under the command of Major Generals Máximo Gómez and Antonio Maceo, faced a Spanish column, under the command of Colonel Segura.
The invaders forded the Jatibonico River to enter Las Villas and when only half had crossed the river, they detected the Spanish troops. Gómez occupied a near height to beat the advancing opponent. For his part, Maceo went to the river in order to prevent the column from splitting into two parts.
When the Spanish troops saw the Cubans, they opened heavy fire on them. They organized in two oblique lines and at the same time, attacked the forces of both Mambi generals.
Maceo decided to charge his cavalry and despite the intense fire, it didn't prevent the annihilation of several sections of the Spanish troops, whose forces were disorganized. Gómez attacked from the other flank and the Mambisa rear, which had just finished fording the river, also charged, which put an end to the resistance of the Spaniards, who undertook the withdrawal.
The Cubans collected abandoned weapons and equipment and attacked again. After two hours of action, Gómez and Maceo put an end to the fight. Both forces suffered heavy losses: The Cubans lost 30 horsemen, including Lieutenant Colonel Enrique Céspedes , and the Spanish left 18 of their own lying on the battlefield. The Cubans captured 54 rifles and several mules loaded with various means.

## Aftermath

The victory of the battle resulted in the imminent advance of the Cuban forces in the invasion, as well as the achievement of important military victories, the incorporation of a large number of combatants into the Mambi ranks and the obtaining of new weapons and ammunition.
# Richard R. Bond

Richard Randolph Bond (December 1, 1927 – October 26, 2023) was an American academic administrator and politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 50th district of the Colorado House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Bond was born in Salem, West Virginia, the son of Harley and Marcella Randolph Bond. He attended Salem College, West Virginia University and the University of Wisconsin. He was president of the University of Northern Colorado from 1971 to 1981.
In 1984, Bond defeated Eunice W. Fine in the general election for the 50th district of the Colorado House of Representatives, winning 52 percent of the votes. He assumed office in 1985 and served until 1991.
Bond died on October 26, 2023, at the age of 95.
# Graham Southernwood

Graham Paul Southernwood (born 5 November 1971) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played at club level for Redhill ARLFC (in Airedale, Castleford), Castleford, Featherstone Rovers and Hunslet, as a hooker.

## Background

Southernwood was born in Hemsworth, West Riding of Yorkshire, England.

## Playing career
### Castleford

Southernwood made his début for Castleford in the 28-2 victory over Workington Town on Sunday 30 October 1988.
In the 1991–92 season, Southernwood played in Castleford's 26-6 victory over Bradford Northern in the 1991 Yorkshire Cup Final at Elland Road, Leeds on Sunday 20 October 1991, and in Castleford's 12-28 defeat by Wigan in the 1992 Challenge Cup Final at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 2 May 1992, in front of a crowd of 77,386.

### Featherstone Rovers

Southernwood made his début for the Featherstone Rovers on Sunday 6 February 1994. In the 1994–95 season, he scored a try in the Featherstone Rovers' 22-39 defeat by Leeds in the 1995 Challenge Cup semi-final at Elland Road, Leeds on Saturday 1 April 1995, and he played his last match for Featherstone Rovers during the 1995–96 season.

## Genealogical information

Southernwood is the father of the rugby league footballer, Cain Southernwood, and is the younger brother of the rugby league footballer; Roy Southernwood.
# Luther Alexander Johnson

Luther Alexander Johnson (October 29, 1875 – June 6, 1965) was a United States Congressman from the U.S. state of Texas.

## Early years

Luther was born in Corsicana, Texas, where he attended the public schools. He received his L.L.B. in 1896 from Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tennessee, and was admitted to the Bar the same year. He commenced practice in Corsicana and was attorney for Central Texas Grocery Company and The Royall Coffee Company.
He was a prosecuting attorney of Navarro County from 1898 to 1902 and district attorney of the thirteenth judicial district of Texas from 1904 to 1910.

## Congress

He served as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1916 and as chairman of the Democratic State convention in 1920. Johnson was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-eighth and to the eleven succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1923, until his resignation on July 17, 1946.
A confidential 1943 analysis of the House Foreign Affairs Committee by Isaiah Berlin for the British Foreign Office described Johnson as
   in Congress for nearly twenty years; a well-disposed farmer and capable business man. He is a typical southern Democrat in that he has stood staunchly behind the Administration's foreign policies and has supported most New Deal measures, except on such matters as labour. While strongly independent and equally strongly American, he is likely to put his weight behind the Administration's post-war policies and is traditionally pro-British. He made one of the most eloquent speeches in support of the unamended Lend-Lease Powers Act.
In his legislative role Johnson was most famous for his part in the passage of the Radio Act of 1927, stating that
   American thought and American politics will be largely at the mercy of those who operate these stations. [If] a single selfish group is permitted to ... dominate these broadcasting stations throughout the country, then woe be to those who dare to differ with them." [67 Cong. Rec. 5558 (1926).]

## Later years

Johnson was appointed by President Harry S. Truman to be a judge of the United States Tax Court, holding this office from July 1946 until his retirement in September 1956. He returned to Corsicana until his death there on June 6, 1965. He was interred in Oakwood Cemetery.

## Personal life

Luther Alexander Johnson married Turner Read on July 19, 1899. The couple had two children. He became a ruling Elder in the Westminster Presbyterian Church (USA), where the couple had lifelong membership.

## Fraternal memberships

* Kappa Sigma
* Lions Clubs International
* Odd Fellows
# De Sweachmermolen, Langweer

De Sweachmermolen is a smock mill between Langweer and Boornzwaag, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1782. The mill has two functions: it is a drainage mill and a corn mill. It has been restored to working order as a drainage mill and is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 13241.

## History

De Sweachmermolen was built in 1782 as a corn mill for Frans Julius Johan van Eijsinga. It was later converted so that it could also drain the Grote Polder Langweer, Dijken en Boornzwaag. The mill previously had four patent sails. On 12 August 1925, an electric motor was installed in the mill to drive the Archimedes' screw. The mill then became derelict. Through T.A.J. van Eijsinga, an influential member of De Hollandsche Molen (English: Dutch Mills Society), the mill was acquired in 1949 by Stichting tot instandhouding van de Langweerder molen (English: Society for the preservation of Langeweer Mill). De Sweachmermolen is now used as a holiday home, the base and lowest storey of the smock having been converted. Income from letting the mill is put towards its upkeep. In 1998, the mill was restored so that it could again pump water. It is not planned to restore the milling machinery. De Sweachmermolen is listed as being held in reserve for use in times of emergency. It is the only combined corn and drainage windmill in Friesland.

## Description

De Sweachmermolen is what the Dutch describe as a Stellingmolen. It is a three-storey smock mill on a two-storey base. The stage is at second-floor level, 5.70 metres (18 ft 8 in) above ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are thatched. The sails are common sails. They have a span of 22.40 metres (73 ft 6 in). The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft which was cast by Gietijzer Pletterij Enthoven en Companië, The Hague, in 1896. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel, which has 58 cogs. This drives the wallower (32 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. The great spur wheel, which has 90 cogs, drove a pair of millstones via a lantern pinion stone nut with 25 staves. At the bottom of the upright shaft the crown wheel, which has 35 cogs, drives a gearwheel with 43 cogs on the axle of the Archimedes' screw.

## Millers

* Frans Julius Johan van Eijsinga (1782- )
* Sipke Jolles Hoekstra (c1912/15)

## Public access

De Sweachmermolen is open to the public.