OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Independence High School (Ashburn, Virginia)

Independence High School is a public high school in Ashburn, Virginia, and is part of Loudoun County Public Schools. Opening its doors to students for the first time in 2019, Independence High School serves the communities of Ashburn and Brambleton.

## Administration

Independence High School is headed by John G. Gabriel, a 2017 semi-finalist for The Washington Post Principal of the year . Gabriel was previously the principal of John Champe High School, and an assistant principal at Park View High School.

## Athletics

Independence High mascot is a tiger and its sports teams currently play in the 5A Potomac District. Independence AD is Ryan Rogers who came from Heritage to open up the school in 2019. Independence offers competitive cheer, cross country, marching band, crew, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, indoor and outdoor track, girls' volleyball, basketball, wrestling, swimming, baseball, soccer, softball and tennis.

## Extracurricular activities
### Marching band

The Independence High School Marching Band under the direction of Kyle Harrington and Amanda Young has grown a prestigious reputation since its beginning in 2019. The band has amassed numerous awards and achievements, including the VMBC Commonwealth Cup in 2023, along with being crowned class 6A state champions. They also placed second at the Bands Of America Mid-Atlantic Regional in 2023 and were the class 3A champions.
# Independent Hill School

38°37′58.53″N 77°26′12.99″W﻿ / ﻿38.6329250°N 77.4369417°W﻿ / 38.6329250; -77.4369417
Independent Hill School is a special education school within Prince William County Public Schools. The facility serves special needs students from kindergarten to age 22 throughout the county.
Located on a former Air Force radar station that was deeded to the county, the school is named for the area, Independent Hill. The school is located adjacent to the densely populated administrative complex and about half a mile from the Edward Kelly Leadership Center.
Students enrolled at Independent Hill engage in a specialized curriculum that provides both academic and vocational instruction. Students are able to participate in a variety of programs, including the management of an on-site food service establishment, an on-site commercial kitchen, a full laundry, institutional and custodial services, adaptive physical education, an on-site commercial greenhouse, school-work programs, and an equestrian facility with barn and horses.
Academic and vocational instruction are stated by the district to include technology, modeling, logical thinking, workshops, community job site instruction, and work with support specialists. Physical training include sports and leisure activities, self-help, and regular participation in the Special Olympics.
The trophy case at the front of the school features several awards from the Special Olympics, conferred upon Independent Hill School students throughout their years of participation.
Additionally, the school's mission statement states that it provides methods to stimulate emotional well-being, such as the teaching of respect for self and others, the development of health self-esteem, enhanced coping mechanisms, and adaptability to change.
On April 2, 2018 students and staff moved to the new building that now houses PACE East, New Directions, And New Dominion Alternative Education Center. After the move, the older building that originally housed the PACE East students, was torn down.
# Indiana Japanese Language School

Indiana Japanese Language School (インディアナ日本語学校, Indiana Nihongo Gakkō) is a Japanese supplementary school in Indianapolis, Indiana. Classes are held at the Orchard School.

## History

It opened in 1981. Previously the International Center hosted classes. By 1986 the Orchard School hosted the Japanese school's classes. The school had around 40 students, with some having parents working at some twenty companies which were branches of Japanese firms, including subsidiaries of Enkei, Sanyo, Sony, and Uniden. Some students had parents were academics at area universities, including Indiana University and Purdue University. By then the Indiana Japanese School served around two to three students who were living in Columbus, all of them children of Enkei employees.
By 1997 it had 308 students, including Columbus and West Lafayette students, with most of them being children of company employees. That year the school, which served K-12, was the largest of the Indiana hoshuko.

## Curriculum

As of 1986, mathematics, science, and the Japanese language are the main courses taken. By 1997 the course offerings also included social studies, and each day had five hours of instruction.
# Federico Umberto D'Amato

Federico Umberto D'Amato (4 June 1919 – 1 August 1996) was an Italian secret agent, who led the Office for Reserved Affairs of the Ministry of Interior (Italy) from the 1950s till the 1970s when the activity of the intelligence service was undercover and not publicly known.

## Biography

D'Amato was born in Marseille, and during World War II he worked for the Office of Strategic Services. After the end of the conflict he was at the head of the North Atlantic Treaty Special Office, a link between NATO and the United States.
At the end of World War II US intelligence recruited large numbers of officials from the Republic of Salò and the Italian Special Forces, Decima MAS, with the help of D'Amato to operate in the newly founded Italian state. This recruitment program included prominent figures such as Prince Valerio Borghese, Pino Rauti and Licio Gelli, who are believed to have played a major role in the terrorist attacks in Cold War Italy. D'Amato's later contact with the CIA was James Jesus Angleton. He entered the Office for Reserved Affairs of the Italian Ministry of the Interior in 1957. In 1974, two days after the Piazza della Loggia bombing, he was removed from the position and assigned to the boundary police, although he kept a strong influence on the office until the 1980s. For his activity as the office's director (1969–1974) he has been accused of sidetracking numerous investigations about the massacres that occurred in that period.
D'Amato was a member of Propaganda 2 (P2), a secret masonic lodge involved in numerous political and economical scandals in the 1970s. An expert of gastronomy, he held a column in the weekly L'espresso, under the pseudonym of Federico Godio.
He appeared in a BBC documentary about Operation Gladio in June 1992.
# Inland Valley League

The Inland Valley League is a high school athletic league that is part of the CIF Southern Section. Members are public high schools of Riverside, California and neighboring Moreno Valley.

## Members

* Arlington High School
* Canyon Springs High School
* Lakeside High School (Lake Elsinore, California)
* Vista Del Lago High School (Moreno Valley, California)
* Riverside Polytechnic High School
# Tessa Ferrer

Tessa Rose Ferrer (born March 30, 1986) is an American film, TV, and stage actress.
She is the daughter of singer Debby Boone and Gabriel Ferrer.

## Career

In 2012, Shonda Rhimes cast Ferrer in a recurring role as Dr. Leah Murphy in season nine of the ABC drama series Grey's Anatomy. however, in March 2014 (2014-03), it was announced that she would be exiting the show at the end of the season. In 2016, Ferrer returned to her role as Dr. Leah Murphy in episode six of season 13.
In 2014, Ferrer had a recurring role in the CBS series Extant. In 2015, she had recurring role in season two of the FXX comedy series, You're the Worst. In 2016 Shonda Rhimes hired her again for a hybrid sitcom that ultimately didn’t get picked up.
2018 she was brought on to Insidious: The Last Key to play Audrey Rainier, Elise’s mother.
Also in 2018 she played Cora Babineau in Stephen King and David E. Kelly’s Mr. Mercedes.
In 2019 she played Nurse Duckett in Catch-22. Followed by playing Meg Bailey, a youth basketball coach in SWAGGER for Apple TV+.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | Excision | Pauline | Short film Won Craft Award for Acting at First Run Film Festival Best Actress in Horror Genre at ShockerFest International Film Festival |
| 2009 | Nobody’s Night | Nora | Short film |
| 2009 | Ramblin' Round | Fighting Woman | Short film; voice role |
| 2010 | Red Rare Veins | | Short film |
| 2012 | Modern Mad Men | Jessica | Short film |
| 2012 | After the Triumph of Your Birth | Eva | |
| 2013 | Go for Sisters | Katrina | as Tessa Rose Ferrer |
| 2013 | Abducted | Jessica Marino | |
| 2018 | Insidious: The Last Key | Audrey Rainier | |
| 2018 | The Passing Parade | Errol Larson | Also producer |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2012–14, 2016–17 | Grey's Anatomy | Dr. Leah Murphy | Recurring role in seasons 9 & 13; main role in season 10 (45 episodes) |
| 2014 | Extant | Katie Sparks | Recurring role (6 episodes) |
| 2015 | You're the Worst | Nina Keune | Recurring role (5 episodes) |
| 2016 | Toast | Jules | TV film |
| 2018 | Mr. Mercedes | Cora Babineau | Main role, season 2 |
| 2019 | Catch-22 | Lt. Sue Ann Duckett | Recurring role |
| 2021-2023 | Swagger | Coach Meg | Main role, seasons 1 & 2 |
| 2024 | Grotesquerie | Grace Finn | Recurring role (2 episodes) |
# Refuge Grand Tournalin

The Grand Tournalin Refuge (Italian: Rifugio Grand Tournalin, French: Refuge Grand Tournalin) is a mountain hut located at an altitude of 2,550 meters in the Pennine Alps, within the Aosta Valley, Italy. It lies in the high Val d'Ayas [it; fr], in the Nana valley, at the base of the Grand Tournalin mountain.
The refuge is a popular stop along the High route no.1 [it; fr] trekking route.

## Access

The refuge can be easily reached starting from Saint-Jacques-des-Allemand (1,689 meters). The hike takes approximately 2 to 3 hours. An alternative access route departs from Cheneil [it], in the Valtournenche valley.

## History

The refuge was built and inaugurated in 1994. It is privately owned and managed by the Becquet and Chanoux families.

## Routes
### Ascents

* Grand Tournalin (3,379 m)
* Petit Tournalin (3,207 m)
* Mont Roisetta (3,334 m)
* Becca Trécare (3,031 m)
* Becca de Nannaz (3,011 m)

### Passages

* Col de Nannaz (2,772 m) – connects to the Valtournenche valley
* Col du Tournalin (3,145 m)
* Route over Mont Roisetta

## Nearby Points of Interest

* The alpine lakes in the Nana valley
* Monte Croce (Fr. Mont-Croix) and Palon de Nana
* Punta Falinère

## Gallery

* Becca Trécare
* Col de Nannaz
* Monte Croce (Fr. Mont-Croix)
* Palon de Nana
* Punta Falinère

## See Also

* Grand Tournalin
* List of mountain huts in Italy
# Inter-Academic League

The Inter-Academic League (officially known as the Inter-Academic Association of Philadelphia and Vicinity, commonly known as the Inter-Ac) is an inter-scholastic athletic conference. This high school sports league consists of selective private schools in the Philadelphia area.

## History

The schools were organized into a conference early in 1887 when they came together as the Interacademic Athletic Association (the name was later shortened to its present configuration). Two initial sports offered by the league were football and track and field.
It was one of the earliest permanent interscholastic football leagues, and the rivalry between Penn Charter and Germantown Academy is perhaps the oldest football rivalry in the country.
Early members were Germantown Academy, Haverford Grammar, Penn Charter, De Lancey, Friends' Central School, Swarthmore High School, and Episcopal Academy. In the first decade after the turn of the century the league increased the number of sports, adding ice hockey, baseball, tennis, and basketball.

## Member schools

Boys' Members:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname |
| Episcopal Academy | Newtown Square, Pennsylvania | 1785 | Episcopalianism | 1,268 | Churchmen |
| Germantown Academy | Fort Washington, Pennsylvania | 1759 | Nonsectarian | 1,189 | Patriots |
| Haverford School | Haverford, Pennsylvania | 1884 | Nonsectarian | 1,013 | Fords |
| Malvern Preparatory School | Malvern, Pennsylvania | 1842 | Catholicism | 640 | Friars |
| Springside Chestnut Hill Academy | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 1861 | Nonsectarian | 1,080 | Blue Devils |
| William Penn Charter School | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 1689 | Quakerism | 960 | Quakers |
Girls' Members:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname |
| Academy of Notre Dame de Namur | Radnor, Pennsylvania | 1856 | Catholicism | 559 | Irish |
| Agnes Irwin School | Rosemont, Pennsylvania | 1869 | Nonsectarian | 606 | Owls |
| Baldwin School | Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania | 1888 | Nonsectarian | 571 | Bears |
| Episcopal Academy | Newtown Square, Pennsylvania | 1785 | Episcopalianism | 1,268 | Churchmen |
| Germantown Academy | Fort Washington, Pennsylvania | 1759 | Nonsectarian | 1,189 | Patriots |
| Springside Chestnut Hill Academy | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 1861 | Nonsectarian | 1,080 | Blue Devils |
| William Penn Charter School | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 1689 | Quakerism | 960 | Quakers |
# Interlachen High School

Interlachen Jr-Sr High School is a public high school located in Interlachen, Florida, United States, operated by the Putnam County School Board. The principal is Amber Symonds.

## Students

There are currently 846 students enrolled at Interlachen Jr-Sr High School. Most of the students come from close by elementary schools Robert H. Jenkins Elementary, Ochwilla Elementary and Melrose Elementary.
Interlachen High boasts much diversity:
* 75% of students are white
* 12% of students are Hispanic
* 10% of students are black
There is a 5% dropout rate and a 70% graduation rate. Sixty percent of the students qualify for free or reduced lunch, which is a significant increase from the state average of forty-six percent. The student-to-teacher ratio is approximately 20:1.

## Academics

Interlachen High School offers standard and Honors courses in the core curriculum (language arts, mathematics, social studies, science). An array of vocational programs are offered as well, including Agriscience, Business, Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps, Criminal Justice, Welding, Construction and Health Science. Performing arts courses include Drama, Yearbook, Band, Color Guard, Culinary Arts, and Drawing/Painting.
IHS also has many after-school and extra-curricular programs. The school holds branches of several national ly recognized clubs, such as National Honor Society and Future Farmers of America. Other clubs include: Literacy Circle, Fellowship of Christian Students, and Circle of Diversity and Equality.

### Band

Interlachen High School's band actively competes in competitions and festivals. From 1993 to 2005, the band held a "Superior" rating streak from the Florida Music Educators Association. In the summer of 2007, the band traveled to London, England, to perform in front of Westminster Abbey. The color guard is among the few to have performed at Westminster Abbey. In 2009 the band also received a "Superior" at the Florida Bandmasters Association for marching with their show La Nouba.

## Athletics

Interlachen High School has a long and rich history of school sports. Hanging in the wall of its gymnasium are banners containing many proud achievements of athletes throughout the years, from District to State Champions. As recently as 2011 students from Interlachen High have entered in championships at the state level and placed in the top 10.

## Notable staff

* Willie Offord, head football coach (2009–2011)
# Parliament of Devils

Parliaments of England :
Predecessors   Witenagemot 7th – 11th centuries   Curia regis 1066 – c. 1215 :
Henry III   1st 1237   2nd 1242   3rd 1244   4th 1246   3rd 1247   4th 1248   Unnumbered 1251   5th 1252   6th 1253   7th 1254   8th 1255   9th 1258   10th "Oxford/Mad" 1258   11th "Simon de Montfort" 1265 :
Edward I   "Model" 1295 :
Edward II   "Westminster" 1327 :
Edward III   "Good" 1376   "Bad" 1377 :
Richard II   "Wonderful" 1386   "Merciless" 1388 :
Henry IV   "Convention" 1399   "Unlearned" 1404 :
Henry V   "Fire and Faggot" 1414 :
Henry VI   "Bats" 1426   "Devils" 1459 :
Edward IV :
Richard III :
Henry VII :
Henry VIII   "Reformation" 1529–1536 :
Edward VI :
Mary I   1st 1553   2nd 1554   3rd 1554–1555   4th 1555   5th 1558 :
Elizabeth I   1st 1559   2nd 1563–1567   3rd 1571   4th 1572–1583   5th 1584–1585   6th 1586–1587   7th 1589   8th 1593   9th 1597–1598   10th 1601 :
James I  1st "Blessed" 1604  2nd "Addled" 1614  3rd 1621  4th 1624 :
Charles I  1st "Useless" 1625  2nd 1626  3rd 1628  4th "Short" Apr 1640  5th "Long (1) Nov 1640  Oxford/Mongrel 1644 :
Revolution and Commonwealth  1st "Long (2) 1645  2nd "Rump (1)" 1648  3rd "Barebone's/Little/Nominated Assembly/Saints" 1653 :
Protectorate  1st 1654  2nd 1656  3rd 1659  4th "Rump (2)" 1659 :
Commonwealth  1st "Rump (3)" 1659  2nd "Long (3)" 1660 :
Charles II  1st "Convention (1)" 1660  2nd "Cavalier" 1661  3rd "Habeas Corpus/First Exclusion" 1679  4th "Exclusion Bill/Second Exclusion" 1680  5th "Oxford/Third Exclusion" 1681 :
James II  "Loyal" 1685 :
William III and Mary II  1st "Convention (2)" 1689  2nd 1690  3rd 1695  4th 1698  5th Feb 1701  6th Dec 1701 :
Anne  1st 1702  2nd 1705 :
List of parliaments of England List of acts of the Parliament of England
Other countries :
vte :
The Parliament of Devils was a session of the Parliament of England held at Coventry in the Benedictine Priory of St. Mary's. The primary reason for summoning Parliament was to pass bills of attainder for high treason against Yorkist nobles following the Battle of Ludford Bridge.
This was the 21st parliament summoned in the reign of King Henry VI of England. It was summoned on 9 October 1459 for its first meeting on 20 November 1459, where Sir Thomas Tresham, knight of the shire for Northamptonshire, was elected Speaker of the House of Commons. The prominent figures condemned at this parliament were Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, who was not invited to Parliament, his sons Edward, Earl of March (the future King Edward IV) and Edmund, Earl of Rutland, as well as Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and his son, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick.
The parliament was dissolved on 20 December 1459.
# Scott Manning (soccer)

Scott Manning (born September 5, 1957, in Rochester, New York) is a retired American soccer goalkeeper. He spent four seasons in the American Soccer League where he was the 1980 league leading goalkeeper. He also played thirteen seasons in the Major Indoor Soccer League where he was the 1985 MISL Goalkeeper of the Year.

## Player
### Youth

Manning grew up in Rochester, New York where he played basketball and baseball at R.L. Thomas High School. He began playing soccer as a senior. He played goalkeeper his freshmen year of college at Monroe Community College. In 1976, he transferred to SUNY Cortland. In 1977, Cortland finished runner up in the NCAA Men's Division III Soccer Championship to Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania. He was a 1978 SUNY-East Honorable Mention goalkeeper.
In 1980, Manning was selected for the U.S. Olympic soccer team which qualified for the finals in Moscow. However, the team did not compete after President Jimmy Carter elected to boycott the games in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

### Professional

In 1979, Manning signed with the Pennsylvania Stoners of the American Soccer League and spent two seasons with the team. He was the 1980 league leading goalkeeper with a 1.01 goals against average. In the fall of 1979, he signed with the Buffalo Stallions of the Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1981, he joined the Carolina Lightnin' of the ASL. After the 1982 ASL season, he moved indoors permanently, signing with the Phoenix Inferno.
He later played for the Baltimore Blast. He was voted 1984 Championship Series MVP as Baltimore defeated the St. Louis Steamers in the championship series 4 games to 1. The following year Manning was league Goalkeeper of the Year and ALL-MISL team selection in leading the year in Goals Against Average with a 3.89 GAA. Manning played the fourth most games of any MISL goalie, 353. In the fall of 1991, Manning expected to sign a new contract with the Blast, but the team declined to make him an offer. He then became a free agent. In February 1992, he played six games with the Wichita Wings after starter Kris Peat was injured. In April 1992, Manning came out of retirement to play four play-off games for the Dallas Sidekicks after Joe Papaleo tore his anterior cruciate ligament.

## Coaching

In 1986, Manning became an assistant with Loyola College, a position he held until 1991. He began coaching at Loyola while working on his master's degree in business administration there. He later coached at Fallston High School and Overlea High School. On July 6, 2004, Dulaney High School hired Manning to coach the boys' soccer team.

## Yearly Awards

* ASL Leading Goalkeeper 1980
* MISL Championship Series Player of the Year 1984
* MISL Goalkeeper of the Year 1985
* MISL All-Star Team 1985, 1989
* Eastern Division Championship (Regular Season) 1983–84, 1984–85, 1988–89*, 1989–90
* Eastern Division Championship (Playoffs)1984, 1985, 1989, 1990
* MISL Championship 1984
# Art Strobel

Arthur George Strobel (November 28, 1922 – October 11, 1991) was a Canadian-born American ice hockey player. He played seven games in the National Hockey League with the New York Rangers during the 1943–44 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1942 to 1959, was spent in the minor leagues. Strobel's son, Eric Strobel, also played hockey and won the gold medal with the American national team at the 1980 Winter Olympics. Strobel was born in Regina, Saskatchewan, but grew up in Rochester, New York.
Strobel coached the Rochester Mustangs until 1958, when Ken Johannson succeeded him.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season A | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1941–42 | Regina Abbotts | S-SJHL | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1942–43 | Yorkton Wings | SSHL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1942–43 | Regina Commandos | S-SJHL | 13 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| 1942–43 | Regina Pats | M-Cup | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1943–44 | New York Rangers | NHL | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1943–44 | New York Rovers | EAHL | 30 | 12 | 18 | 30 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 10 |
| 1944–45 | Hershey Bears | AHL | 56 | 11 | 15 | 26 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 4 |
| 1945–46 | Hershey Bears | AHL | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1945–46 | Minneapolis Millers | USHL | 43 | 6 | 8 | 14 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1946–47 | Minneapolis Millers | USHL | 59 | 17 | 17 | 34 | 27 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 1947–48 | Minneapolis Millers | USHL | 59 | 19 | 23 | 42 | 15 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 1948–49 | Minneapolis Millers | USHL | 61 | 14 | 29 | 43 | 13 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1949–50 | Portland Buckaroos | PCHL | 71 | 20 | 23 | 43 | 28 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1952–53 | Rochester Mustangs | CHL | 32 | 32 | 30 | 62 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1957–58 | Rochester Mustangs | CHL | 30 | 16 | 18 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1958–59 | Rochester Mustangs | CHL | 30 | 22 | 17 | 39 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| USHL totals | USHL totals | USHL totals | 222 | 56 | 77 | 133 | 61 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |