OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Udgir Assembly constituency

Udgir is one of the six Maharashtra Assembly constituencies in Latur Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1962 | Vithalrao Khadiwale | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | P. S. Sarwade | Indian National Congress |
| 1972 | Vithalrao Khadiwale | Republican Party of India |
| 1978 | Balasaheb Jadhav | Indian National Congress |
| 1980 | Balasaheb Jadhav | Indian National Congress (U) |
| 1985 | Balasaheb Jadhav | Indian National Congress |
| 1990 | Narayanrao Patil | Janata Dal |
| 1995 | Manohar Patwari | Indian National Congress |
| 1999 | Govind Kendre | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2004 | Chandrashekhar Bhosale | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 2009 | Sudhakar Bhalerao | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2014 | Sudhakar Bhalerao | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2019 | Sanjay Bansode | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 2024 | Sanjay Bansode | Nationalist Congress Party |

## Election results
### 2024

2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election: Udgir :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | NCP | Sanjay Bansode | 152,038 | 68.97 |
| | NCP-SP | Sudhakar Sangram Bhalerao | 58,824 | 26.69 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 991 | 0.45 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 93,214 | 42.28 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,20,435 | |
| | NCP gain from NCP-SP | NCP gain from NCP-SP | Swing | |

### 2019

2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election: Udgir :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | NCP | Sanjay Bansode | 96,366 | 53.51 |
| | BJP | Anil Sadashiv Kamble | 75,787 | 42.08 |
| | VBA | Atul Abhimanyu Dhaware | 2,599 | 1.45 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 20,579 | 11.51 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,80,100 | 60.21 |
| | NCP gain from BJP | NCP gain from BJP | Swing | |

### 2014

2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election: Udgir :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Sudhakar Bhalerao | 66,686 | 39.20% |
| | NCP | Sanjay Bansode | 41,792 | 24.57% |
| | INC | Ramkishan Bhimrao Sonkamble | 37,837 | 22.24% |
| | SS | Ramchandra Madhavrao Adavale | 15,418 | 9.06% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 24,894 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,70,103 | 62.63% |
| | BJP gain from NCP | BJP gain from NCP | Swing | |

### 2009

2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election: Udgir :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Sudhakar Bhalerao | 73,840 | 46.8% |
| | NCP | Kaamant Machhindra Gunwantrao | 56,563 | 35.85% |
| | RPI(A) | Adv Gautam Pandurangrao Bhalerao | 16,286 | 10.32% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 17,277 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,57,777 | 64.07% |
| | BJP gain from NCP | BJP gain from NCP | Swing | |
# Richard Wellington McLaren

Richard Wellington McLaren (April 21, 1918 – February 25, 1976) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

## Education and career

Born on April 21, 1918, in Chicago, Illinois, McLaren received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Yale University in 1939 and a Bachelor of Laws from Yale Law School in 1942, and thereafter briefly entered private practice in New York City, New York. He was in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, serving from 1942 to 1946, where he attained the rank of captain. Afterwards, he returned to private practice in New York. In 1950, he moved back to Chicago. He became an Assistant Attorney General of the United States, supervising the Antitrust Division from 1969 until his appointment to the federal bench. As Assistant Attorney General, he argued for the Government in the United States Supreme Court in Blonder-Tongue Labs., Inc. v. University of Ill. Foundation and FTC v. Sperry & Hutchinson Co.

## Federal judicial service

McLaren was nominated by President Richard Nixon on December 2, 1971, to a seat vacated by Judge Julius Hoffman on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. He was confirmed on December 2, 1971, and received his commission on January 26, 1972. He remained on the court until his death of the effects of an undisclosed debilitating illness on February 25, 1976, in Chicago.
# Sherman Glenn Finesilver

Sherman Glenn Finesilver (October 1, 1927 – October 12, 2006) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.

## Education and career

Born in Denver, Colorado, Finesilver received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1949 and a Juris Doctor from the Sturm College of Law at the University of Denver in 1952. He was in private practice in Denver from 1952 to 1955, and was also an assistant city attorney during that time. He was a judge of the County Court for the City and County of Denver from 1955 to 1962, and of the Colorado Second Judicial District from 1962 to 1971.

## Federal judicial service

On September 8, 1971, Finesilver was nominated by President Richard Nixon to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Colorado vacated by Judge William Edward Doyle. Finesilver was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 21, 1971, and received his commission on September 22, 1971. He served as Chief Judge from 1982 to 1994, assuming senior status on May 31, 1994, and then retiring from the bench entirely on December 31, 1994.

## Post judicial service

Following his retirement, Finesilver resumed private practice in Denver until his death on October 12, 2006, in Denver.
# Richard Johnson Putnam

Richard Johnson Putnam (September 27, 1913 – December 16, 2002) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana.

## Education and career

Born in Abbeville, Louisiana, Putnam received a Bachelor of Science degree from Spring Hill College in 1934 and a Bachelor of Laws from Loyola University New Orleans College of Law in 1937. He was in private practice in Abbeville from 1937 to 1954. He was a United States Naval Reserve Lieutenant during World War II, from 1942 to 1945. He was district attorney of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit of Louisiana from 1948 to 1954. He was a judge of the Fifteenth Judicial District of Louisiana from 1954 to 1961. He was a judge of the Louisiana Court of Appeal for the First Circuit from 1960 to 1961.

## Federal judicial service

Putnam was nominated by President John F. Kennedy on September 5, 1961, to the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana, to a new seat created by 75 Stat. 80. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 14, 1961, and received his commission on September 18, 1961. He assumed senior status due to a certified disability on December 19, 1975. Putnam served in that capacity until his death on December 16, 2002, in Abbeville.
# James Loren Martin

James Loren Martin (September 13, 1846 – January 14, 1915) was an American lawyer, politician, and United States federal judge. The notable positions in which he served during his career included State's Attorney of Windham County, Vermont, Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives, United States Attorney for the District of Vermont, and United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Vermont.

## Early life

Martin was born in Landgrove, Vermont. The son of James and Lucy (Gray) Martin, he began paying for his own tuition at age 14 by working in a chair factory, producing maple sugar, and clearing land. His education included the schools of Landgrove and the academies of Londonderry, Vermont and Marlow, New Hampshire. He taught school in Londonderry and Winhall, Vermont, and studied law with Hoyt Henry Wheeler before attending Albany Law School, from which he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1869. He practiced law, first in Londonderry, and later in Brattleboro, Vermont, where he purchased the practice of Charles N. Davenport.

## Career

A Republican, he was State's Attorney for Windham County, Vermont from 1876 to 1877. He served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1874 to 1882 (from Londonderry) and 1892 (from Brattleboro). From 1878 to 1882, he was Speaker of the House.
Martin was state tax commissioner in 1888, 1890 to 1892, and 1894. He served as United States Attorney for the District of Vermont beginning in 1898, succeeding John H. Senter. He served until 1906, and was succeeded by Alexander Dunnett.
Martin was a longtime member of Brattleboro's school board, and served on the board of directors of several corporations, including Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance, American Fidelity Company, National Life Insurance Company, and the Holden & Martin lumber company.

## Federal judicial service

On October 20, 1906, Martin received a recess appointment to the United States District Court for the District of Vermont from President Theodore Roosevelt, filling the position vacated by Judge Hoyt Henry Wheeler. Formally nominated to the same position by President Roosevelt on December 3, 1906, he was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 11, 1906, and received his commission the same day.

## Death and burial

Martin remained on the court until his death. He died at the train station in Montpelier, Vermont after suffering a heart attack on January 14, 1915, aged 68. He was buried at Morningside Cemetery in Brattleboro.

## Honors

Martin received an honorary Master of Arts degree from Dartmouth College in 1882. In 1914, he received an honorary LL.D. from Middlebury College.

## Family

In 1869, Martin married Delia E. Howard, who died in 1881. They were the parents of three children—Jimmie (1873-1880), an unnamed son who was born and died in 1877, and Delia (1881-1882). In 1884, he married Jessie Lillie Dewey. They were the parents of three daughters—Margaret, Helen, and Katharine.
# Jeffrey Nielsen

Jeffrey Nielsen is founder of the Democracy House Project, and a published author. He is also a philosophy instructor at Westminster College, Salt Lake City; and Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah. He is perhaps best known for being both a supporter of gay marriage and a practicing Mormon.

## Life

In 2006, Nielsen was a visiting lecturer of philosophy at Brigham Young University (BYU). After submitting an editorial to the Salt Lake Tribune that challenged the position of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), BYU's sponsoring institution, on same-sex marriage, Nielsen received a letter from Daniel Graham, the head of the Department of Philosophy, stating that once term classes ended, his contract would not be renewed. In the editorial, Nielsen criticized the church's support for a constitutional amendment that would prohibit gay marriage.
BYU instructors and employees contract themselves to not criticize the LDS Church as a condition of their employment. Nielsen was subsequently released from his duties in his local church congregation as well.
After his dismissal from BYU, Nielsen obtained positions teaching philosophy at Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah, and Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah.
Nielsen was educated at Weber State University and Boston College. At Boston College, he was a Teaching Fellow where he taught courses in logic and critical thinking, the history and philosophy of art and science as well as in ethics and epistemology. He has also taught in the philosophy department at Brigham Young University, where he taught courses in the ethics of leadership, reasoning and writing, as well as in the history and development of science. His teaching focuses on issues in ethics, moral decision-making, and democracy.
Nielsen is the author of the book The Myth of Leadership: Creating Leaderless Organizations. His most recent initiative has been to found the nonprofit Democracy House Project. The Democracy House Project is an educational initiative using his peer-based model to teach political literacy.
# Ezhiyeh District

Ezhiyeh District (Persian: بخش اژیه) is in Harand County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Ezhiyeh, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 3,156 in 1,081 households.

## History

In 2021, Jolgeh District was separated from Isfahan County in the establishment of Harand County and named the Central District. The new county was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with the city of Harand as its capital.

## Demographics
### Administrative divisions

Ezhiyeh District :
* Administrative Divisions
* Kelishad RD
* Rudasht RD
* Ezhiyeh (city)
* RD = Rural District
# Charles Earl Simons Jr.

Charles Earl Simons Jr. (August 17, 1916 – October 26, 1999) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina.

## Education and career

Born in Johnston, South Carolina, Simons received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of South Carolina in 1937 and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of South Carolina School of Law in 1939. He was in private practice in Aiken, South Carolina from 1939 to 1964. He was a United States Naval Reserve Lieutenant during World War II, from 1942 to 1945. He was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1942 and from 1947 to 1948 and from 1960 to 1964.

## Federal judicial service

On April 15, 1964, Simons was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina vacated by Judge Ashton Hilliard Williams. Johnson was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 30, 1964, and received his commission on May 1, 1964. On November 1, 1965, he was reassigned by operation of law to the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina, to a new seat established by 79 Stat. 951. He served as Chief Judge from 1980 to 1986, assuming senior status on August 17, 1986, and serving in that capacity until his death on October 26, 1999, in Aiken.

## Honor

The Charles E. Simons Jr. Federal Court House was named for him in 1986.
# Charles Guy Briggle

Charles Guy Briggle (January 27, 1883 – June 6, 1972) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois.

## Education and career

Born in Rushville, Illinois, Briggle received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Illinois College of Law in 1904. He was in private practice in Morris, Illinois from 1905 to 1907, and in Springfield, Illinois from 1907 to 1927, also serving as a Master in Chancery for the Illinois Circuit Court in Sangamon County from 1917 to 1927. He then served as a Judge of the Illinois Circuit Court in Sangamon County until 1932.

## Federal judicial service

On January 8, 1932, Briggle was nominated by President Herbert Hoover to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois created by 46 Stat. 1196. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 20, 1932, and received his commission on January 25, 1932. He served as Chief Judge from 1948 to 1958, assuming senior status on August 1, 1958. He served in that capacity until his death on June 6, 1972.
# Francis Gordon Caffey

Francis Gordon Caffey (October 28, 1868 – September 20, 1951) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

## Education and career

Born on October 28, 1868, in Gordonville, Alabama, Caffey received an Artium Magister degree in 1887 from Howard College (now Samford University), an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1891 from Harvard University, an Artium Magister degree in 1892 from the same institution and attended Harvard Law School. He was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Third Alabama Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish–American War. He entered private practice in Montgomery, Alabama from 1894 to 1902. He was Judge Advocate General for the office of the Governor of Alabama from 1900 to 1902. He returned to private practice in New York City, New York from 1902 to 1912. He was a solicitor for the United States Department of Agriculture from 1913 to 1917. He was the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 1917 to 1921. He returned to private practice in New York City from 1921 to 1929.

### Allegations of political advocacy as United States Attorney

Caffey briefly gained notoriety when his name was associated with possible political advocacy on the part of the Department of Justice. Just two weeks before the 1920 election, John R. Rathom, publisher of the Providence Journal, charged that the Democratic candidate for Vice President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, had acted improperly while Assistant Secretary of the Navy in releasing sailors convicted on morals charges from Portsmouth Naval Prison. Caffey, once the Attorney General had telegraphed his authorization, released a lengthy document from Justice Department files that discredited Rathom. A report in the New York Times suggested that he may have acted with undue enthusiasm: "Some surprise was shown at the [D]epartment [of Justice]...that District Attorney Caffey had given the entire Rathom letter to the newspapers. He had been authorized, it was said, to make public 'excerpts'".

## Federal judicial service

Caffey was nominated by President Herbert Hoover on April 18, 1929, to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, to a new seat authorized by 45 Stat. 1317. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 29, 1929, and received his commission on April 30, 1929. He assumed senior status on October 31, 1947. His service terminated on September 20, 1951, due to his death in Verbena, Alabama.
# Munchies (confectionery)

Munchies are a type of confectionery produced by Nestlé. They were introduced by the British firm Mackintosh's in 1957. The brand was later acquired by Nestlé as part of its takeover of Rowntree Mackintosh in 1988.
The original variety of Munchies are individual milk chocolate-coated sweets with a caramel and biscuit centre.

## Variants

In 1995, the confectionery formerly known as "Mintola" (near-identical in appearance to Munchies, but consisting of plain chocolate with a mint fondant centre) was renamed "Mint Munchies". In 2006, Mint Munchies were again renamed, this time as "After Eight Bitesize".
In September 2019, Nestlé launched a new flavour of the Munchies confection: Chocolate Fudge Brownie. They also launched a Cookie Dough variant. They have also released a Salted Caramel Fudge flavoured variety in 2021.
In August 2020, Nestlé launched a limited-edition variant of Munchies featuring a white chocolate shell.
In March 2023, as a part of their "Golden Collection" of chocolates, Nestlé released "Munchies Gold" made with Caramac chocolate.
# Frank Jerome Murray

Frank Jerome Murray (April 6, 1904 – February 12, 1995) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts.

## Education and career

Born in Mansfield, Massachusetts, Murray received a Bachelor of Science degree from Georgetown University in 1925 and a Bachelor of Laws from Georgetown Law in 1929. He was in the United States Army Reserve as a Lieutenant from 1925 to 1935. He was in private practice in Boston, Massachusetts from 1929 to 1938, and was then associate counsel of the New England Agency of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation from 1938 to 1939. He was trial counsel for the Boston Housing Authority from 1939 to 1941. He was assistant corporation counsel for Boston from 1941 to 1943 and corporation counsel from 1943 to 1945. He was again in private practice in Boston from 1945 to 1946. He was a Trustee of the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway Company from 1945 to 1946. He was an associate justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts from 1946 to 1967.

## Federal judicial service

On February 21, 1967, Murray was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts vacated by Judge George Clinton Sweeney. Murray was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 5, 1967, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on July 15, 1977, serving in that capacity until his death on February 12, 1995, in Boston.
# Herbert Peter Sorg

Herbert Peter Sorg (December 19, 1911 – March 11, 1979) was a Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and later a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania.

## Education and career

Born in St. Mary's, Pennsylvania, Sorg received a Bachelor of Laws from Duquesne University School of Law in 1935. He was in private practice of law in St. Mary's from 1935 to 1955. He was Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1940 to 1953, serving as majority whip from 1945 to 1947, majority leader in 1947, and Speaker from 1947 to 1953.

## Federal judicial service

On May 20, 1955, Sorg was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania created by 68 Stat. 8. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 29, 1955, and received his commission on August 1, 1955. He served as Chief Judge from 1975 to 1976, and assumed senior status on December 20, 1976. He was a Judge of the Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals from 1977 to 1979. He remained in senior status until his death on March 11, 1979.
# Pender

Pender or Penders may refer to:

## Places

* Pender, Nebraska
* Pender County, North Carolina
* Pender Island, British Columbia
* Penders (holiday retreat), a heritage-listed holiday retreat in New South Wales, Australia.
* Pender Township, Thurston County, Nebraska
* Joseph John Pender House, in Wilson County, North Carolina

## People

* Baron Pender, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
* Daniel Pender, Royal Navy Staff Commander, later captain
* David Pender, former American football player
* Derek Pender, Irish association footballer
* Harold Pender, American academic, author, and inventor
* Jack Pender, British Painter
* John Pender, Scottish submarine communications cable pioneer and politician
* Mark Pender, American trumpetist
* Mel Pender, American sprinter
* Paul Pender, American boxer and fire-fighter from Massachusetts
* Peter Pender, American bridge player
* Robert Pender, American professional baseball player, manager and umpire
* William Dorsey Pender, Confederate general in the American Civil War

### Penders

* Jean Penders (1939–2025), Dutch politician
* Jim Penders (born c. 1972), American college baseball coach
* Ken Penders (born 1958), American comic book creator and writer
* Maura Penders, American television writer
* Monica Penders (born 1964), Australian film producer
* Rob Penders (born 1975), Dutch football coach and former player
* Saul Penders (born 2003), Dutch professional footballer
* Tom Penders (born 1945), American retired college basketball coach

## Schools

* Pender Early College High School, North Carolina
* Pender High School, North Carolina

## Locomotives

* No. 3 Pender, an 1873 locomotive of the Isle of Man Railway