OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Chatfield

Thomas Ives Chatfield (October 4, 1871 – December 24, 1922) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York.

## Education and career

Born on October 4, 1871, in Owego, New York, Chatfield received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1893 from Yale University. He received a Bachelor of Laws in 1896 from Columbia Law School. He entered private practice in New York City, New York from 1896 to 1906. He was an Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York from 1902 to 1906.

## Federal judicial service

Chatfield was nominated by President Theodore Roosevelt on December 13, 1906, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York vacated by Judge Edward B. Thomas. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 9, 1907, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on December 24, 1922, due to his death at his home in Brooklyn, New York. He had been stricken with a heart attack while trimming the family Christmas tree, the heart attack having been induced by a bout of typhoid fever from which he suffered the previous summer.

## Family

Chatfield was the son of State Senator Thomas I. Chatfield (1818–1884) and Lucy B. (Goodrich) Chatfield.
# Adolphus Frederic St. Sure

Adolphus Frederic St. Sure (March 9, 1869 – February 5, 1949) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California.

## Education and career

Born on March 9, 1869, in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, St. Sure read law in 1895. Under the tutelage of prominent Bay Area Republican politician Joseph R. Knowland, he eventually joined the Republican Party. St. Sure entered private practice in Alameda County, California from 1895 to 1923. One of his law partners during this time was J. Leonard Rose. St. Sure was city recorder for Alameda, California from 1893 to 1899. He was city attorney for Alameda from 1915 to 1917. He was a Judge for the Alameda County Superior Court from 1917 to 1922. He was an associate justice of the California Court of Appeal for the First District from 1923 to 1925.

## Federal judicial service

St. Sure was nominated by President Calvin Coolidge on February 16, 1925, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of California vacated by Judge Maurice Timothy Dooling. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 23, 1925, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on June 30, 1947. His service terminated on February 5, 1949, due to his death.

### Judicial philosophy and notable cases

St. Sure insisted during his early days on the bench that women be permitted to sit on federal juries, explaining he "had two years' experience with women jurors when I was on the superior court bench in Alameda County and found them conscientious, independent, highly intelligent, and willing to serve".
In 1939, lettuce workers in Salinas, California, were blacklisted by employers for their union activities. Attorneys provided by the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) brought action and St. Sure, in the first instance of its kind, issued an injunction holding blacklisting to be illegal.
St. Sure was the federal judge who signed the order giving the United States Navy title to Treasure Island, California, after it formally served notice of its unilateral declaration taking ownership on April 17, 1942.
On September 8, 1942, the case of Fred Korematsu, a United States citizen of Japanese ancestry who had evaded authorities to avoid internment, was heard before St. Sure in San Francisco. Korematsu's conviction was eventually appealed to the United States Supreme Court and on December 18, 1944, the Court issued its landmark Korematsu v. United States decision.

## Personal life and death

St. Sure married Ida Laura Pettes in Alameda in 1897. He died February 5, 1949, and is buried at Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, California.
# George Luzerne Hart Jr.

George Luzerne Hart Jr. (July 14, 1905 – May 21, 1984) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.

## Education and career

Born in Roanoke, Virginia, Hart attended Forest Park Academy. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Virginia Military Institute in 1927 and a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1930. He was admitted to the District of Columbia bar in 1930. He was in private practice in Washington, D.C. at Lambert & Hart from 1930 to 1941. He was in the United States Army Reserve during World War II from 1941 to 1946. He became a captain in artillery, then served in the United States Army Air Force, rising to the rank of colonel in the United States Air Force when it became a separate service. He returned to private practice from 1946 to 1958.

## Federal judicial service

On August 29, 1958, Hart received a recess appointment from President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Columbia vacated by Judge James Robert Kirkland. Formally nominated to the same seat by President Eisenhower on January 17, 1959, Hart was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 9, 1959, and received his commission on September 10, 1959. He served as Chief Judge and as a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1974 to 1975, assuming senior status on May 16, 1979. He served as the Presiding Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court from 1979 to 1982. Hart continued to serve in senior status until his death on May 21, 1984, in Washington, D.C. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
# Ira K. Wells

Ira Kent Wells (June 18, 1871 – April 3, 1934) was an American lawyer and a federal judge in Puerto Rico.

## Early life and education

Wells was born in Seneca, Kansas. He obtained a law degree from the University of Kansas.

## Career

He practiced law in Seneca, Kansas, and became involved in politics in that state. Wells served as city attorney of Seneca, Kansas and county attorney of Nemaha County, Kansas. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1916 and served in the U.S. Army JAG Corps from 1917 to 1920.
In 1921, President Warren G. Harding named Wells as the United States Attorney for Puerto Rico, a position he held until 1924. The following year, President Calvin Coolidge named Wells as judge of the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico. Wells served two four-years terms as the sole federal judge in Puerto Rico, being renominated by President Herbert Hoover in 1929. He left office in January 1933 and was succeeded by Robert A. Cooper. Wells died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, in 1934.
# Walter T. McGovern

Walter Thomas McGovern (May 24, 1922 – July 8, 2021) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington.

## Education and career

Born in Seattle, Washington in May 1922, McGovern received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Washington in 1949 and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Washington School of Law in 1950. He was in private practice in Seattle from 1950 to 1959. He was a judge of the Municipal Court of Seattle from 1959 to 1965, on the King County Superior Court from 1965 to 1968, and on the Washington State Supreme Court from 1968 to 1971. He was initially appointed to the state supreme court by Governor Dan Evans, to a seat vacated by the retirement of Charles T. Donworth.

## Federal judicial service

On March 29, 1971, McGovern was nominated by President Richard Nixon to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington vacated by Judge William James Lindberg. McGovern was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 21, 1971, and received his commission on April 23, 1971. He served as Chief Judge from 1975 to 1987, assuming senior status on September 30, 1987. He died on July 8, 2021, at the age of 99.
# John Knight (judge)

John Knight (April 29, 1871 – June 15, 1955) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was President pro tempore of the New York State Senate from 1925 to 1931, and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of New York from 1931 to 1955 and its Chief Judge from 1948 to 1955.

## Education and career

Born on April 29, 1871, in Arcade, New York, Knight received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1893 from the University of Rochester and read law in 1896. He was the town clerk for Arcade from 1892 to 1896. He was in private practice in Arcade from 1896 to 1900. He was a Referee in Bankruptcy for the Western District of New York from 1899 to 1904. He was the district attorney for Wyoming County, New York from 1904 to 1913. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1913 to 1917. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1917 to 1931, serving as President Pro Tem from 1924 to 1931.

### State legislative and political service

Knight was a member of the New York State Assembly from Wyoming County in 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916, and was Chairman of the Committee on Codes in 1915, and Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary in 1916. He was a member of the New York State Senate from the 44th Senate District from 1917 to 1931, sitting in the 140th, 141st, 142nd, 143rd, 144th, 145th, 146th, 147th, 148th, 149th, 150th, 151st, 152nd, 153rd and 154th New York State Legislatures, and was President pro tempore from 1925 to 1931. Knight was an alternate delegate to the 1924 Republican National Convention and a delegate to the 1928 Republican National Convention.

## Federal judicial service

Knight received a recess appointment from President Herbert Hoover on March 18, 1931, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of New York vacated by Judge John R. Hazel. He was nominated to the same position by President Hoover on December 15, 1931. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 6, 1932, and received his commission on January 9, 1932. He served as Chief Judge from 1948 to 1955. His service terminated on June 15, 1955, due to his death.
# Matthew M. Joyce

Matthew M. Joyce (April 29, 1877 – January 12, 1956) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

## Education and career

Born on April 29, 1877, in Emmetsburg, Iowa, Joyce attended the University of Michigan Law School and read law in 1900. He entered private practice in Missoula, Montana from 1900 to 1910. He continued private practice in Fort Dodge, Iowa from 1910 to 1917. He was an attorney for the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway in Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1917 to 1932.

## Federal judicial service

Joyce was nominated by President Herbert Hoover on January 28, 1932, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota vacated by Judge John B. Sanborn Jr. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 3, 1932, and received his commission on February 11, 1932. He assumed senior status on October 11, 1954. His service terminated on January 12, 1956, due to his death in Hennepin County, Minnesota.
# Fred Louis Wham

Fred Louis Wham (June 15, 1884 – February 2, 1967) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois.

## Education and career

Born in Marion County, Illinois, Wham received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Illinois College of Law in 1909. He was in private practice in Fort Smith and Fayetteville, Arkansas from 1909 to 1915. He was an Assistant Solicitor in the United States Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. from 1915 to 1917. He was in private practice in Centralia, Illinois from 1917 to 1927.

## Federal judicial service

On February 26, 1927, Wham was nominated by President Calvin Coolidge to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois vacated by Judge George W. English. Wham was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 1, 1927, and received his commission the same day. He served as Chief Judge from 1949 to 1956, assuming senior status on March 3, 1956, and serving in that capacity until his death on February 2, 1967.
# 1905 Fordham football team

The 1905 Fordham football team was an American football team that represented Fordham University as an independent during the 1905 college football season. Fordham claims a 12–3–1 record, though College Football Data Warehouse (CFDW) lists the team's record as 5–2.
Eugene F. McGee, a former Fordham tackle who graduated in 1902, was hired in September 1905 as the team's coach following the resignation of Fred Smith. Quarterback Howard Gargan was the team captain from 1905 to 1907 and took over as head coach in 1908. The team played its home games at Fordham Field in The Bronx.

## Schedule

The following seven games are reported in Fordham's media guide, CFDW, and contemporaneous press coverage.
| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 21 | RPI | | W 5–0 |
| November 4 | at Villanova | Philadelphia, PA | L 5–34 |
| November 8 | University of Maryland, Baltimore | Fordham FieldBronx, NY | W 16–0 |
| November 11 | St. Francis (NY) | Fordham FieldBronx, NY | W 22–0 |
| November 18 | Delaware | Fordham FieldBronx, NY | W 4–0 |
| November 25 | at Rutgers | Neilson FieldNew Brunswick, NJ | W 17–6 |
| November 30 | Holy Cross | Fordham FieldBronx, NY | L 5–27 |
The following are additional games reported in the Fordham media guide.
| Opponent | Result |
| Stevens | T 0–0 |
| Nutley Athletic Club | W 17–6 |
| Medico | W 27–0 |
| Resolute Athletic Club | L 0–10 |
| Betts Academy | W 21–0 |
| Murray Hill Athletic Club | W 16–6 |
| Webster Academy | W 31–0 |
| Middlebury | W |
| NYU | W 16–6 |
# Clarence G. Galston

Clarence G. Galston (April 18, 1876 – January 22, 1964) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York.

## Education and career

Born in New York City, New York, Galston received a Bachelor of Science degree from the City College of New York in 1895, a Bachelor of Laws from the New York University School of Law in 1899 and an Artium Magister degree from New York University in 1900. He was in private practice in New York City from 1899 to 1929, and was special counsel on patent matters for the City of New York from 1912 to 1929. He was President of Woodmere Academy in Woodmere, New York from 1914 to 1929.

## Federal judicial service

Galston was nominated by President Herbert Hoover on April 18, 1929, to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, to a new seat authorized by 45 Stat. 1409. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 29, 1929, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on January 1, 1957. His service terminated on January 22, 1964, due to his death in Woodmere.

## Memoirs

Galston wrote a memoir of his judicial service, Behind the Judicial Curtain, published in 1959.
# National Theatre of Strasbourg

The National Theatre of Strasbourg (French: Théâtre national de Strasbourg, pronounced; TNS) is a palace building on Strasbourg's Place de la République, now occupied by a theatre company of the same name, the National Theatre of Strasbourg.
The TNS was originally built to house the legislative assembly of the regional parliament of Alsace-Lorraine, after the area came under German control with the Treaty of Frankfurt (1871). It was built between 1888 and 1889 in Neorenaissance style by the architect partners August Hartel and Skjold Neckelmann.

## History

In 1919, when Alsace-Lorraine returned to France, the French Government offered the building to the city of Strasbourg, which in turn offered it to the Strasbourg music conservatory, at the behest of its new director Guy Ropartz, who was refusing to occupy the Palais du Rhin opposite.
On 25 September 1944, the east wing of the building that contained the Chamber of the Assembly was destroyed by American bombing. It was reconstructed between 1950 and 1957, this time with a theatre auditorium replacing the assembly chamber. Michel Saint-Denis, the director of the National Theatre of Strasbourg at the time, entrusted this work to the architect Pierre Sonrel, who had recently worked with him in London restoring The Old Vic, which itself had been badly damaged by wartime bombing.
In 1995, the façade, roofing, and the entrance on Place de la République were classified as a Monument historique.

### Conservatory

In 1922, the Conservatory of Strasbourg (founded in 1855, the same year as the Orchestre philharmonique) was moved into the upper part of the building and several teaching rooms were built in as well as a concert hall. In 1995, the building wasn't deemed suitable enough for teaching music any more and the conservatory had to move out; it was subsequently relocated in the Cité de la musique et de la danse, a state-of-the-art building inaugurated in 2006. The concert hall has remained unused since. In 2016, the monumental pipe organ, a 1963 work by organ builder Curt Schwenkedel, was restored and moved into Saint Stephen’s Church, where it started a new life as a church organ instead of a concert organ.

## Seating capacities

The Hartel and Neckelmann building houses two rooms: the salle Bernard-Marie Koltès (470 or 600 seats) and the salle Hubert Gignoux (a 200-seat modular room). Two other theater rooms (120 and 250 seats, respectively) used by the TNS are located in Espace Klaus Michael Grüber in rue Jacques Kablé.
# James Herbert Wilkerson

James Herbert Wilkerson (December 11, 1869 – September 30, 1948) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

## Education and career

Born in Savannah, Missouri, Wilkerson received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from DePauw University in 1889. He was in private practice in Chicago, Illinois from 1893 to 1922. He was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1902, and was a county attorney of Cook County, Illinois from 1903 to 1904. He was a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States from 1906 to 1911, and was then the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois from 1911 to 1914. He was Chairman of the Illinois Public Utilities Commission from 1919 to 1921.

## Federal judicial service

On July 11, 1922, Wilkerson was nominated by President Warren G. Harding to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois vacated by Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis. Wilkerson was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 18, 1922, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1940, serving in that capacity until his death on September 30, 1948.

### Capone sentencing

On November 24, 1931, Wilkerson sentenced Al Capone to 11 years in prison for tax evasion. Capone would often engage in jury tampering, and about two weeks before the scheduled start of the trial, informant Edward J. O'Hare told IRS agent Frank J. Wilson that Capone's outfit had a complete list of prospective jurors. 10 of the jurors' names and addresses O'Hare provided appeared on the jury list. When they relayed it to Wilkerson, he responded that he hadn't received his jury list yet, but would call them when he did. The names on O'Hare's list matched exactly the names on Wilkerson's list, but Wilkerson seemed to be unconcerned, telling them to bring the case into court as planned and to "leave the rest to him". Just before the trial opened on October 5, he had the bailiff switch out the entire jury panel with Judge Edwards' panel. The new jury had also been sequestered overnight to further avoid tampering.
# J. Stanley Webster

John Stanley Webster (February 22, 1877 – December 24, 1962) was a justice of the Washington Supreme Court, a United States representative from Washington and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington.

## Education and career

Born on February 22, 1877, in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky, Webster attended the public schools and Smith's Classical School for Boys. He attended the University of Michigan Law School. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in Cynthiana from 1899 to 1906. He was prosecutor for Harrison County from 1902 to 1906. He moved west for his health to work a small ranch near Colbert, Washington, just north of Spokane, Washington in May 1906. He was chief assistant prosecutor for Spokane from 1907 to 1909. He was a Judge of the Superior Court of the State of Washington for Spokane County from 1909 to 1916. He was a lecturer on criminal and elementary law at Gonzaga University in Spokane. Webster was easily elected to a six-year term as an associate justice of the Washington Supreme Court in Olympia in 1916, and appointed early, November 20 by Governor Ernest Lister, to fill the vacancy. He resigned in May 1918 to run for United States Congress.

## Congressional service

Webster was elected as a Republican from Washington's 5th congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 66th, 67th and 68th United States Congresses and served from March 4, 1919, to May 8, 1923, when he resigned to accept a federal judgeship.

## Federal judicial service

Webster received a recess appointment from President Warren G. Harding on April 28, 1923, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington vacated by Judge Frank H. Rudkin. He was nominated to the same position by President Calvin Coolidge on December 15, 1923. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 16, 1924, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status due to a certified disability on August 31, 1939. His service terminated on December 24, 1962, due to his death in Spokane, where he resided. His remains were cremated and interred in Oakesdale Cemetery in Oakesdale, Washington, his wife's hometown in Whitman County, where her father John Lathrum (1853–1902) had been sheriff. Mary Gertrude (Lathrum) Webster (1887–1956), his wife of 48 years, had died six years earlier. His older brother, Richard M. Webster (1869–1953), moved to eastern Washington in 1904 and also served as a judge in Spokane.

## Other service

Webster briefly served as the president of the Western International League (WIL) in minor league baseball, a predecessor of the Northwest League, and resigned in February 1941.
# Rudasht Rural District

Rudasht Rural District (Persian: دهستان رودشت) is in Ezhiyeh District of Harand County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sian. The former capital of the rural district was the village of Ezhiyeh, now a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of Jolgeh District in Isfahan County) was 586 in 153 households. There were 581 inhabitants in 169 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 560 in 169 households. The most populous of its 21 villages was Sian, with 556 people.
In 2021, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Harand County and renamed the Central District. The rural district was transferred to the new Ezhiyeh District.