OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ammonicera

Ammonicera is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Omalogyridae.
This genus comprises the smallest gastropods known, featuring discoid, planispiral shells that typically measure in the adult state 1 mm or even less in size. The protoconch is characterized by distinct ridges and grooves. The teleoconch typically displays prominent sculpture, though it is occasionally weak. The aperture ranges from rounded to subquadrate.

## Species

Species within the genus Ammonicera include:
* Ammonicera albanyensis Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* Ammonicera albospeciosa Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera andresi J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera angulata Sleurs, 1985
* Ammonicera arrondoi J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera aurea Waki, Rolán, Noseworthy, H.-S. Kang & K.-S. Choi, 2017
* Ammonicera binodosa Sleurs, 1985
* Ammonicera burnayi Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera caledonica Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* Ammonicera chosenica Chernyshev, 2003
* Ammonicera circumcirra Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera columbretensis J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera consilii Antit, Gofas & Taviani, 2024
* Ammonicera croata Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* † Ammonicera eocaenica (Allix, 1923)
* Ammonicera extracarinacostata Sleurs, 1985
* Ammonicera familiaris Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera fischeriana (Monterosato, 1869)
* Ammonicera galaica J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera gonzalezi Rolán & Rubio, 2017
* Ammonicera japonica Habe, 1972
* Ammonicera lignea (Palazzi, 1988)
* Ammonicera lineofuscata Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera mcleani Sartori & Bieler, 2014
* Ammonicera mexicana Sartori & Bieler, 2014
* Ammonicera minortalis Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera multistriata Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera nodicarinata (Sleurs, 1985)
* Ammonicera nodulosa J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera nolai Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera oteroi Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera pascuensis Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* Ammonicera plana Simone, 1997
* Ammonicera plicata Sleurs, 1985
* Ammonicera robusta Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera rota (Forbes & Hanley, 1850)
* Ammonicera rotundata (Palazzi, 1988)
* Ammonicera san Rolán & Peñas, 2009
* Ammonicera sculpturata Rolán, 1992
* Ammonicera shornikovi Chernyshev, 2003
* Ammonicera sleursi Sartori & Bieler, 2014
* Ammonicera sucina (Laseron, 1954)
* Ammonicera superstriata J. D. Oliver & Rolán, 2015
* Ammonicera tahitiensis Rubio, Rolán & Letourneux, 2020
* Ammonicera tenuicostata Sleurs, 1985
* Ammonicera tomalba Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* Ammonicera tomensis Rubio & Rolán, 2020
* Ammonicera vangoethemi (Sleurs, 1985)
* Ammonicera verdensis Rolán, 1991
* Ammonicera vladivostokensis Chernyshev, 2003
# Vásárhelyi

Vásárhelyi (Hungarian: = marketplace or fairgrounds) is a Hungarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi, American documentary filmmaker
* Miklós Vásárhelyi, Hungarian journalist and politician
* Pál Vásárhelyi, Hungarian competitive ice dancer
* Victor Vasarely (Győző Vásárhelyi), Hungarian-French painter and sculptor
# TSS The Queen

The Queen was an English Channel passenger ferry that was built in 1903 and sunk in 1916. She was the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SECR)'s first steam turbine ship.
In 1908 The Queen was damaged in a collision with another SECR ferry. Early in the First World War she was a troop ship. In 1916 she was captured by one German destroyer and then sunk by another.

## Building

William Denny and Brothers built The Queen at Dumbarton as yard number 682. She was launched on 4 April 1903 and completed that June. Her registered length was 309.9 ft (94.5 m), her beam was 40.0 ft (12.2 m) and her depth was 15.7 ft (4.8 m). Her tonnages were 1,676 GRT and 695 NRT.
She had three propellers, each powered by a Parsons steam turbine. Between them they were rated at 800 RHP and gave her a speed of 21 knots (39 km/h).

## Identification

The Queen's UK official number was 118293 and her code letters were VCPH. By 1913 she was equipped for wireless telegraphy and her call sign was SEQ. In 1914 this was changed to GUN.

## History

The Queen entered service on the Dover – Calais route, making her maiden voyage on 27 June 1903. In 1907 she was transferred to the Folkestone – Boulogne route. On 1 June 1908 The Queen and another SECR ferry, Onward, collided in thick fog. Both ships were badly damaged.
In 1914 The Queen helped evacuate Belgian refugees from Ostend. She later became a troop ship. On 26 October 1914 she rescued more than 2,000 people from the Chargeurs Réunis ship Amiral Ganteaume, which had been damaged by torpedo. In September 1916 The Queen towed the damaged troop ship Queen Empress to safety.
On 26 October 1916 the German V25-class torpedo boat V-80 captured The Queen about 3 nautical miles (6 km) from the Varne Lightvessel. V-80's sister ship S-60 then sank The Queen by torpedo at 50°54′N 1°19′E﻿ / ﻿50.900°N 1.317°E﻿ / 50.900; 1.317.
# Savage Grace

Savage Grace is a 2007 drama film directed by Tom Kalin and written by Howard A. Rodman, based on the book Savage Grace by Natalie Robins and Steven M. L. Aronson. The story is based on the highly dysfunctional relationship between heiress and socialite Barbara Daly Baekeland and her son, Antony. The film stars Julianne Moore, Stephen Dillane, Eddie Redmayne, Elena Anaya, and Hugh Dancy.
It was an official selection at the 2007 London Film Festival, the 2007 Sundance Film Festival and the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.

## Plot

The film is based on the true story of Barbara Daly Baekeland (Moore), her husband Brooks Baekeland (Dillane), heir to the Bakelite plastics fortune, and their only child Antony (Redmayne), who was diagnosed with schizophrenia. The story begins with Antony's birth and follows the family to the time of his arrest for the murder of his mother.

## Cast

* Julianne Moore as Barbara Daly Baekeland
* Eddie Redmayne as Antony Baekeland
* Stephen Dillane
* Elena Anaya
* Unax Ugalde
* Belén Rueda
* Hugh Dancy

## Critical reception

Critics gave the film mixed reviews. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes has a 38% of approval, based on 89 reviews — the consensus reads "though visually compelling, the lamentable characters in Savage Grace make for difficult viewing." Metacritic, another review aggregator, reported the film had an average score of 51 out of 100, based on 28 reviews.
Peter Bradshaw writing in The Guardian gave the film four out of five stars, describing it as "a gripping, coldly brilliant and tremendously acted movie."

## Accolades

Savage Grace was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay in 2008.

## Sam Green response to the film

After the film opened, Baekeland's former lover, Samuel Adams Green (played by Dancy in the film), wrote an article pointing out that elements in the film were factually inaccurate, such as the ménage à trois scene of Barbara, Antony, and Sam having sex.
Green then took legal action against the film makers, which was still unresolved at the time of his death.
# Louis Molloy

Louis Molloy (born 1963) is a British tattoo artist. He is best known for designing David Beckham's tattoo. He also appeared on the tattoo reality television show London Ink.

## Biography

Louis Molloy first began tattooing in the 1970s despite the fact that at the time no apprenticeships were available to him due to the seedy sub-culture that tattooing was viewed as. Molloy spent most of his later teenage years honing his skills, and was only 18 when he opened his first, Manchester-based tattoo shop, which in the next decade would become a world class establishment.
He designed David Beckham's back tattoo, depicting a bald, winged, angelic figure. Beckham calls the tattoo his "guardian angel" and premiered it in 1999 after work finished in April that year.
He has since completed tattoos on other celebrities, including Spice Girls Melanie C, Mel B, and Victoria Beckham, all members of Boyzone, and fellow Mancunian Ricky Hatton.
He has been recognised twice with UK Outstanding Artist of the Year awards.
In 2007, he became a part of the Discovery Channel's television team with the programme London Ink. The show follows the daily happenings at the new shop, in the first series the main focus was on the relationship between Dan Gold and Molloy.
# Chrome Web Store

Chrome Web Store is Google's online store for its Chrome web browser. As of 2024, Chrome Web Store hosts about 138,000 extensions and 33,000 themes.

## History

Chrome Web Store was publicly unveiled in December 2010, and was opened on February 11, 2011, with the release of Google Chrome 9.0. A year later it was redesigned to "catalyze a big increase in traffic, across downloads, users, and total number of apps". As of June 2012, there were 750 million total installs of content hosted on Chrome Web Store.
Some extension developers have sold their extensions to third-parties who then incorporated adware. In 2014, Google removed two such extensions from Chrome Web Store after many users complained about unwanted pop-up ads. The following year, Google acknowledged that about five percent of visits to its own websites had been altered by extensions with adware.

## Malware

Malware remains a problem on Chrome Web Store. In January 2018, researchers from security firm ICEBRG found four malicious extensions with more than 500,000 combined downloads. In February 2021, Google blocked "The Great Suspender", a popular extension with 2,000,000 users after it was reported that malicious code was added to it.
Chrome used to allow extensions hosted on Chrome Web Store to also be installed at the developer's website for the sake of convenience. However, this became a malware vector, so it was removed in 2018.
# 1973–74 European Cup Winners' Cup

The 1973–74 European Cup Winners' Cup football club tournament was won by Magdeburg in a final victory against defending champions Milan. It was the first–and only–win for an East German side in a European tournament.

## First round

Albania refused to play.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Vasas | 0–3 | Sunderland | 0–2 | 0–1 |
| Cardiff City | 1–2 | Sporting CP | 0–0 | 1–2 |
| Anderlecht | 3–3 (a) | Zürich | 3–2 | 0–1 |
| Pezoporikos Larnaca | 0–11 | Malmö FF | 0–0 | 0–11 |
| Baník Ostrava | 3–1 | Cork Hibernians | 1–0 | 2–1 |
| NAC Breda | 0–2 | Magdeburg | 0–0 | 0–2 |
| PFC Beroe Stara Zagora | 11–1 | Fola Esch | 7–0 | 4–1 |
| Torpedo Moscow | 0–2 | Athletic Bilbao | 0–0 | 0–2 |
| Milan | 4–1 | Dinamo Zagreb | 3–1 | 1–0 |
| Randers Freja | 1–2 | Rapid Wien | 0–0 | 1–2 |
| Lahden Reipas | 0–2 | Lyon | 0–0 | 0–2 |
| Legia Warsaw | 1–2 | PAOK | 1–1 | 0–1 |
| Gżira United | 0–9 | Brann | 0–2 | 0–7 |
| Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea | 2–4 | Glentoran | 2–2 | 0–2 |
| ÍB Vestmannaeyja | 1–16 | Borussia Mönchengladbach | 0–7 | 1–9 |
| Ankaragücü | 0–6 | Rangers | 0–2 | 0–4 |

### Second leg

Sunderland won 3-0 on aggregate.
Sporting CP won 2-1 on aggregate.
3-3 on aggregate, Zürich won on away goals.
Malmö won 11-0 on aggregate.
Magdeburg won 2-0 on aggregate.
Baník Ostrava won 3-1 on aggregate.
Beroe Stara Zagora won 11-1 on aggregate.
Athletic Bilbao won 2-0 on aggregate.
AC Milan won 4-1 on aggregate.
Rapid Wien won 2-1 on aggregate.
Lyon won 2-0 on aggregate.
PAOK won 2-1 on aggregate.
SK Brann won 9-0 on aggregate.
Glentoran won 4-2 on aggregate.
Borussia Mönchengladbach won 16-1 on aggregate.
Rangers won 6-0 on aggregate.

## Second round

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Sunderland | 2–3 | Sporting CP | 2–1 | 0–2 |
| Zürich | (a)1–1 | Malmö FF | 0–0 | 1–1 |
| Baník Ostrava | 2–3 | Magdeburg | 2–0 | 0–3 |
| PFC Beroe Stara Zagora | 3–1 | Athletic Bilbao | 3–0 | 0–1 |
| Milan | 2–0 | Rapid Wien | 0–0 | 2–0 |
| Lyon | 3–7 | PAOK | 3–3 | 0–4 |
| Brann | 2–4 | Glentoran | 1–1 | 1–3 |
| Borussia Mönchengladbach | 5–3 | Rangers | 3–0 | 2–3 |

### Second leg

Sporting CP won 3-2 on aggregate.
1-1 on aggregate, Zürich won on away goals.
Magdeburg won 3-2 on aggregate.
Beroe Stara Zagora won 3-1 on aggregate.
AC Milan won 2-0 on aggregate.
PAOK won 7-3 on aggregate.
Glentoran won 4-2 on aggregate.
Borussia Mönchengladbach won 5-3 on aggregate.

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Sporting CP | 4–1 | Zürich | 3–0 | 1–1 |
| Magdeburg | 3–1 | PFC Beroe Stara Zagora | 2–0 | 1–1 |
| Milan | 5–2 | PAOK | 3–0 | 2–2 |
| Glentoran | 0–7 | Borussia Mönchengladbach | 0–2 | 0–5 |

### Second leg

Sporting CP won 4-1 on aggregate.
Magdeburg won 3-1 on aggregate.
Milan won 5-2 on aggregate.
Borussia Mönchengladbach won 7-0 on aggregate.

## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Sporting CP | 2–3 | Magdeburg | 1–1 | 1–2 |
| Milan | 2–1 | Borussia Mönchengladbach | 2–0 | 0–1 |

### Second leg

Magdeburg won 3-2 on aggregate.
Milan won 2-1 on aggregate.
# 1837 Spanish general election

General elections to the Cortes Generales were held in Spain in November 1837. At stake were all 241 seats in the Congress of Deputies.

## Electoral system
### Voting rights

Restricted census suffrage, only 262,000 people out of a total population of 12,162,872 were allowed to vote. The elections were held on 22 September, at the peak of the First Carlist War.

### Constituencies

A majority voting system was used for the election, with 51 multi-member constituencies and 1 single-member constituency. Voting was secret and direct.

## Results

| Party | Party | Seats |
| | Other and independents | 94 |
| | Moderate Party | 88 |
| | Progressive Party | 59 |
| Total | Total | 241 |
# Gastón Novero

Gastón Alejandro Novero (born 6 July 1998) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a winger for Chilean club San Luis de Quillota.

## Career

Born in San Jorge, Argentina, Novero started his career with his hometown club, Club Atlético San Jorge, making his senior debut in 2016. As a member of them, he won three times the Copa Federación de Santa Fe in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
In February 2022, Novero signed with Sportivo Las Parejas. In May 2022, he switched to Chaco For Ever. He was loaned out to Patronato for the 2023 season and took part in the 2023 Copa Libertadores.
Ended his contract with Chaco For Ever, Novero moved abroad and signed with Chilean club San Luis de Quillota in 2025.
# Berthold Koch

Berthold Koch (22 February 1899 – 2 May 1988) was a German chess master and journalist.

## Early life

Koch was born in Berlin on 22 February 1899.

## Chess career

Koch won four times the Berlin Championship in 1927, 1933 (joint), 1946, and 1951. He also won the Soviet zone-ch at Leipzig 1946 and twice (joint) GDR Championship in 1952 and 1953.
Before World War II, he played in German championships at Bad Pyrmont 1933 (Efim Bogoljubow won), at Bad Aachen 1935 (Kurt Richter won), and at Bad Oeynhausen 1938 (Erich Eliskases won). After the war, he shared 11th at Düsseldorf 1951 (GER-ch, Rudolf Teschner won), and took 3rd at Leipzig 1953 (GER-ch, Wolfgang Unzicker won).
Koch played twice for GDR in Chess Olympiads at Helsinki 1952 and Moscow 1956.
He was awarded the International Master title in 1950, and the ICCF title in 1959.
# Arthur Buckler

Arthur Buckler (24 April 1882 – 19 March 1921) was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played at representative level for Wales, and at club level for Salford, as a forward (prior to the specialist positions of; prop, hooker, second-row, loose forward), during the era of contested scrums.

## Background

Arthur Buckler's birth was registered in Newport district, Wales, and his death aged 38 was registered in Newport district, Wales.

## International honours

Arthur Buckler won a cap for Wales while at Salford in 1908 against England.

## Genealogical information

Arthur Buckler was the younger brother of the rugby league footballer; Herbert Buckler.
# Carvers Bay High School

Carvers Bay High School is a public high school in Hemingway, South Carolina serving students from parts of Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States. It is in the Georgetown County School District and has grades 9 to 12 . The school was established from a merger between Choppee High School and Pleasant Hill High School and opened in 2000. In 2000 it enrolled nearly 800 students. It serves students from the towns of Pleasant Hill, Plantersville, Hemingway, Lanes Creek, Dunbar, Oatland, St. Luke, Pee Dee, Choppee and Browns Ferry.

## Middle school

Carvers Bay Middle School is located on the same campus, in a separate building.

## Notable alumni

* Clifton Geathers — National Football League (NFL) player, Philadelphia Eagles
* Kwame Geathers — NFL player, San Diego Chargers
* Robert Geathers — NFL player, Cincinnati Bengals
* Clayton Geathers — NFL player, Indianapolis Colts
* Tyrell Richard — US Track runner and medalist
* Melissa Jefferson (sprinter) — Olympic gold and bronze medalist
* Byron Young — NFL player, Los Angeles Rams
# Information Sciences and Technology Building

The Westgate Building, formerly known as the Information Sciences and Technology Building (commonly known as the IST Building) is a classroom building at Pennsylvania State University. Construction was completed in January 2004. With at least 13 doors, and no main entrance, it has only recently been assigned a street address, 288 N. Burrowes Rd., University Park, PA 16802.

## History and architectural features

This building was designed by the acclaimed architect Rafael Vinoly. According to the Penn State IST website, the design of the building "began as an inkpen sketch on a paper dinner napkin." He characterizes the building as "a labor of love . . . my own personal obsession for years", stating that, in the beginning, it seemed "crazy and extreme" to construct an S-shaped building over North Atherton Street. According to the Penn State IST Website, "His firm, Rafael Vinoly Architects, New York, partnered with Perfido Weiskopf Architects, Pittsburgh, for the design inspired by the Ponte Vecchio in Florence." Despite its name, this building currently is the home of both the Pennsylvania State University Computer Science and Engineering Department, in addition to the College of IST.
In order to "better represent the building’s many uses", the building was renamed the Westgate Building in 2017.
# Pathum Ratchawongsa district

Pathum Ratchawongsa (Thai: ปทุมราชวงศา, pronounced; Northeastern Thai: ปทุมราชวงศา, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the eastern part of Amnat Charoen province, northeastern Thailand.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise): Phana, Mueang Amnat Charoen, and Chanuman of Amnat Charoen Province; Khemarat, Kut Khaopun, and Trakan Phuet Phon of Ubon Ratchathani province.

## History

The district was created on 2 July 1993, consisting of the three tambons, Kham Phon, Nong Kha, and Na Wa from Chanuman district, Lue and Huai from Phana district and Non Ngam from Mueang Amnat Charoen district.

## Administration

The district is divided into seven sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 73 villages (mubans). Na Wa Yai is a sub-district municipality (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambons Na Wa and Na Pa Saeng. There are a further seven tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. |
| 1. | Nong Kha | หนองข่า | 9 | 6,259 |
| 2. | Kham Phon | คำโพน | 10 | 7,255 |
| 3. | Na Wa | นาหว้า | 9 | 7,923 |
| 4. | Lue | ลือ | 14 | 8,211 |
| 5. | Huai | ห้วย | 13 | 6,996 |
| 6. | Non Ngam | โนนงาม | 8 | 3,608 |
| 7. | Na Pa Saeng | นาป่าแซง | 10 | 5,848 |
# Coffee with... Biographies

The Coffee with... biography series is a selection of books published by Duncan Baird between 2007 and 2008 each containing fictional conversations with real famous people, conveying biographical fact. A review of Coffee with Oscar Wilde in The Independent, for example, explains that in it the author, Wilde's grandson Merlin Holland, "offers an imaginary and imaginative conversation between himself and his grandfather, set in a contemporary Parisian café". The review described that volume as "an ideal introduction to Wilde's seductive and intellectually electrifying world".
The first set of volumes published in 2007 covered eight figures: Ernest Hemingway, Gautama Buddha, Marilyn Monroe, Michelangelo, Mozart, Plato, Oscar Wilde, and Groucho Marx.

## Works in the series

| Title | Published | Author | Foreword by |
| Coffee with Aristotle | 2008 | Jonathan Barnes | Julian Barnes |
| Coffee with Dickens | 2008 | Paul Schlicke | Peter Ackroyd |
| Coffee with Einstein | 2008 | Carlos I. Calle | Roger Penrose |
| Coffee with Groucho | 2007 | Simon Louvish | |
| Coffee with Hemingway | 2007 | Kirk Curnutt | John Updike |
| Coffee with Isaac Newton | 2008 | Michael White | Bill Bryson |
| Coffee with Marilyn | 2007 | Yona Zeldis McDonough | |
| Coffee with Mark Twain | 2008 | Fred Kaplan | |
| Coffee with Michelangelo | 2007 | James W. Hall | John Julius Norwich |
| Coffee with Mozart | 2007 | Julian Rushton | John Tavener |
| Coffee with Oscar Wilde | 2007 | Merlin Holland (Wilde's grandson) | Simon Callow |
| Coffee with Plato | 2007 | Donald R. Moor | Robert M. Pirsig |
| Coffee with Shakespeare | 2008 | Stanley Wells | Joseph Fiennes |
| Coffee with the Buddha | 2007 | Joan Duncan Oliver | Annie Lennox |
# Sofia Land

Sofia Land (София Ленд) was an amusement park in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. It was the first true amusement park in the country, as well as one of the largest in Southeastern Europe, and was situated on an area of 35,000 square metres (380,000 sq ft) in a park close to Sofia Zoo. Construction of the main building began in July 2001 and the park was opened on 21 September 2002.
Sofia Land featured 4 extreme, 8 children's and 11 all-age rides and attractions, a number of bars, restaurants, coffeehouses, clubs, a bowling alley under the park itself, and a gaming station with PlayStation 2 and other games below. There were also many shops and several cinema halls situated in the park's main building, which resembled a castle.
In September 2006, plans to change the owner and close the park were announced. The park was officially closed down on October 16 of the same year.
# Gościcino Wejherowskie railway station

Gościnino Wejherowskie is a PKP railway station in Gościcino Wejherowskie (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

## Lines crossing the station

| Start station | End station | Line type |
| Gdańsk Główny | Stargard Szczeciński | Passenger/Freight |

## Train services

The station is served by the following services:
* Regional services (R) Tczew — Słupsk
* Regional services (R) Malbork — Słupsk
* Regional services (R) Elbląg — Słupsk
* Regional services (R) Słupsk — Bydgoszcz Główna
* Regional services (R) Luzino — Gdynia Główna
* Regional services (R) Słupsk — Gdynia Główna
* Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lebork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk
# 1988 Oshakati bomb blast

The 1988 Oshakati bomb blast was a bombing in Oshakati, Ovamboland, South West Africa (now Oshana Region, Namibia) which killed 27 people and left 70 others injured on 19 February 1988. The target of the bombing was the Barclay's Bank in the town. The perpetrators were never identified or convicted. Both the South African police and South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), the major independence movement in Namibia, were blamed. At the time of the blast, both SWAPO and the South African authorities blamed each other.

## Background

19 February, the day of the blast, was the traditional time when state employees were paid. At approximately noon, a car bomb exploded. Oshakati in the 1980s was a major hub for both the South African military as well as the bantustan Ovamboland government.

## Commemorations

In the years since the bombing, the day has been marked by commemorations by many Namibians, including prominent religious leaders and politicians. They called for national reconciliation in honour of the victims.