# Michael D. Maltz

Michael D. Maltz (born 1938) is an American electrical engineer, criminologist and Emeritus Professor at University of Illinois at Chicago in criminal justice, and adjunct professor and researcher at Ohio State University.

## Biography

Michael Maltz was born in Brooklyn, New York on December 18, 1938. He attended Stuyvesant High School in New York City, graduating in 1955, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, graduating with a degree in electrical engineering in 1959. Maltz earned a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1963.
In 1967, his son David Maltz was born, followed by twin sons Joel and Robert -- Joel died in 1974. He married Marcia Farr in 1984. His stepdaughter Julianna Whiteman was born in 1975,
Maltz was a professor (1972–2002) at University of Illinois at Chicago in criminal justice and in Information and Decision Sciences, and is currently an adjunct professor of sociology and researcher at Ohio State University. He was also the editor of the Journal of Quantitative Criminology from 1996 to 2000. In addition, he was a visiting fellow for research and policy studies at the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, from 1995 to 2000.
In 1985 Maltz was awarded the Lanchester Prize by the Operations Research Society of America, recognizing his book Recidivism as that year's "best contribution to operations research and the management sciences published in English". This book also won the Leslie T. Wilkins Award for the Outstanding Book in the Fields of Criminology and Criminal Justice. In 1996 Maltz received a [Fulbright Scholarship,] which he spent at El Colegio de Michoacán in Mexico.

## Work

Michael Maltz's research focuses on the application of operations research and data visualization to the field of criminology. In addition to authoring books on recidivism and crime mapping, he has been a strong advocate of ensuring that inferences made from data are not attributable to biases in the data used, nor to the way they were collected, nor to the methods used to analyze them. This interest has surfaced most publicly in his critique of John Lott's More Guns, Less Crime (see "A Note on the Use of County-Level Crime Data" and "Measurement and Other Errors in County-Level UCR Data: A reply to Lott and Whitley" below) based primarily on a detailed analysis of the validity of the Uniform Crime Reports data set that Lott used to draw his conclusions. A further critique, of the way Lott responded to his analysis, was contained in a blog entry.
He led an effort to clean the FBI-collected Uniform Crime Reports crime data, which is available in a zip file on the web from the Historical Violence Database, housed at Ohio State University.
A particularly lucid explanation of the pitfalls of improper use of statistics in social science (and, in particular, criminology) is contained in his article "Deviating from the Mean: The Declining Significance of Significance".

## Publications

Maltz has published numerous books and articles on techniques for making valid and useful inferences from data. Among his books are two which are available on his academia.edu website (see below):
* 1984. Recidivism. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press, Inc.
* 1991 Mapping Crime in Its Community Setting: Event Geography Analysis. With Andrew C. Gordon and Warren Friedman. New York : Springer-Verlag Inc.
* Envisioning Criminology, coedited with Steven K. Rice, Springer 2015.
* Envisioning Criminology, coedited with Steven K. Rice, Springer 2018.
Articles and book chapters, a selection:
* 1994. "Deviating from the Mean: The Declining Significance of Significance". In: Journal of research in crime and delinquency, Vol. 31 No. 4, November 1994 434-463.
* 1996. "Power to the People: Crime Mapping and Information Sharing in the Chicago Police Department". Paper with Marc Buslik.
* 1999. "Bridging Gaps in Police Crime Data". Report published by the Bureau of Justice Statistics.
* 1999. "Displaying Violent Crime Trends Using Estimates from the National Crime Victimization Survey" With Marianne Zawitz. Published by the Bureau of Justice Statistics.
* 2000. "Crime and Justice". With Arnold Barnett and Jonathan Caulkins. In: Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Saul I. Gass and Carl M. Harris (Editor). Springer.
* 2002. "A Note on the Use of County-Level UCR Data". With Joseph Targonski. In: Journal of Quantitatiûe Criminology, Vol. 18, No. 3, September 2002.
* 2006. "Some p-baked thoughts (p > 0.5) on experiments and statistical significance". Journal of Experimental Criminology, 1, 2, 211-226.
* 2009. "Waves, particles, and crime", in Putting Crime in Its Place:Units of Analysis in Geographic Criminology, W. Bernasco, G. Bruinsma, and D. Weisburd, Eds., Springer-Verlag.
* 2009. "Look before you analyze: Visualizing data in criminal justice," in the Handbook of Quantitative Criminology, A. Piquero and D. Weisburd, Eds., Springer-Verlag.
* 2011. "Homicide rates in the Old West" (with Randolph Roth and Douglas L. Eckberg), Western Historical Quarterly, 42, 2.
* 2019. "Can We Trust the FBI's Crime Estimation Procedures?" The Criminologist, American Society of Criminology.
These and other papers can be found on his academia.edu website.