OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Closure of the Suez Canal (1956–1957)

The closure of the Suez Canal from November 1956 to April 1957 was caused by the Second Arab–Israeli war also known as the Suez Crisis in 1956. On 26 July 1956 Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal from British and French investors who owned the Suez Canal Company, causing Britain and France to devise a military operation with the help of Israel to invade the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula and have British and French paratroopers drop in to protect the Suez Canal, but the objective was to take the canal back. The United States and Soviet Union condemned the invasion and de-escalated the situation by early 1957.

## Oil supply through the canal

Around 66% of oil that Europe consumed at the time came through the Suez Canal from mostly Arab States.

## Aswan Dam project

The United States was initially going to help fund the Aswan Dam but reneged on their earlier commitment because Egypt was cozying up to Communist influences in the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and recognizing the Chinese Communist Party as the government of China. Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal to get the transit fees from that to help fund the Aswan Dam project.

## Egypt blockade of Straits of Tiran

In the aftermath of the Suez Crisis, growing tensions between Egypt and Israel resulted in the blockade of the Straits of Tiran. This action was followed by diplomatic protests by the Israeli government, as the blockade prevented passage through this international waterway and blocking safe passage of civilian ships to the Port of Eilat, Israel's southern port, and was contradictory to an Egyptian proclamation of freedom of access on 28 January 1950.
The Israel government followed through with stated warnings that it considered the blockade of the Straits of Tiran a casus belli, launching attacks on Egyptian forces in the Sinai. In the ensuing Six-Day War (5–10 June 1967), Israel gained control of Sinai Peninsula. Egypt launched the 1973 Yom Kippur war (6 to 25 October 1973) to try and regain control of the Suez Canal; while militarily defeated, the postwar negotiations resulted in renewed diplomatic negotiations via the Kilo 101 talks, which eventually lead to the 1979 peace talks.
In 1982, the Sinai was returned to Egypt and diplomatic relations normalized through the successful Egypt–Israel peace treaty.
# Waikanae Park

Waikanae Park is a cricket ground in Waikanae, Wellington, New Zealand. The ground held its first List A match when Central Districts played Auckland in the 1993/94 Shell Cup. The ground later held five further List A matches, the last of which came in the 2004/05 State Shield when Central Districts played Wellington. Central Districts Women used Waikanae Park as a home venue in two fixtures in the 2001/02 State League.
# Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc

Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc (French pronunciation:) is a municipality in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada. Prior to March 28, 1998, it was known simply as Saint-Mathieu.
It is home to the Mokotakan Museum, showcasing the First Nations of Quebec.
# L. Scott Coogler

Lawrence Scott Coogler (born October 3, 1959) is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama.

## Education and career

Coogler was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Alabama in 1981 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Alabama School of Law in 1984. From 1982 to 1984 he was a law clerk to attorney David B. Ellis and later to Judge Paul Conger of the Sixth Judicial Circuit Court of Alabama. He was in private practice in Alabama from 1984 to 1999, also serving in the Army National Guard from 1988 to 1991. He was a judge on the Sixth Judicial Circuit Court of Alabama from 1996 to 2003. He was an adjunct professor at the University of Alabama School of Law, from 2000 to 2003.

### Federal judicial service

On March 27, 2003, Coogler was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama vacated by H. Dean Buttram Jr. Coogler was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 22, 2003, and received his commission on May 28, 2003. He became Chief Judge on January 1, 2020. and served until December 31, 2023, being succeeded by Judge R. David Proctor. He retired from active service on January 2, 2025.
# Gordon J. Russell

Gordon James Russell (December 22, 1859 – September 14, 1919) was a United States representative from Texas and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas.
Russell was nominated by President William H. Taft on May 27, 1910, to a seat vacated by David E. Bryant. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 6, 1910, and received commission the same day. Russell's service was terminated on September 14, 1919, due to death.

## Education and career

Born on December 22, 1859, in Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama, Russell attended the common schools, the Sam Bailey Institute in Griffin, Georgia and Crawford High School in Dalton, Georgia. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1877 from the University of Georgia and read law the same year. He taught school in Dalton. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in Dalton from 1878 to 1879. He was in private practice in Texas from 1879 to 1884. He was in private practice in Van Zandt County, Texas from 1884 to 1895. He was a Judge of the Van Zandt County Court 1890 to 1892. He resumed private practice in Willsport, Texas starting in 1892. He was district attorney for the Seventh Judicial District of Texas from 1892 to 1896. He continued private practice in Tyler, Texas starting in 1895. He was a Judge of the Texas District Court for the Seventh Judicial District from 1896 to 1902.

## Congressional service

Russell was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives of the 57th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative Reese C. De Graffenreid. He was reelected to the 58th United States Congress and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from November 4, 1902, to June 14, 1910, when he resigned to accept a federal judicial post.

## Federal judicial service

Russell was nominated by President William Howard Taft on May 27, 1910, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas vacated by Judge David Ezekiel Bryant. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 6, 1910, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on September 14, 1919, due to his death in Kerrville, Kerr County, Texas. He was interred in Oakwood Cemetery in Tyler, Smith County, Texas.
# Roscoe Collegiate High School

Roscoe Collegiate High School or RCHS is a 2A public high school located in Roscoe, Texas, United States. It is part of the Roscoe Collegiate Independent School District located in north west Nolan County. In 2009, Roscoe Collegiate High School received the Texas Education Agency's Early College High School designation, making it the only rural school in Texas to be designated as such. In 2011, the school was rated "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Athletics

The Roscoe Collegiate Plowboys compete in the following sports:
* Basketball
* Cross Country
* Football
* Powerlifting
* Track and Field

### State titles

* Basketball -
** 2009(1A/D1)
* Boys Track -
** 1995(1A)
* Football -
** None
# Hell No

Hell No can refer to:

## Film

* "Hell No" (2013), short parody of horror movie clichés exploring what if "smart characters made good decisions"

## Music

* "Hell No!", a 2005 single by Australian pop singer Ricki Lee Coulter
* "Hell No (Leave Home)", a 2007 single by American R&B singer Monica
* "Hell No", a bonus track by The Hives on The Black and White Album, 2007
* "Hell No", a song by Ingrid Michaelson from her 2016 album It Doesn't Have to Make Sense
* "Hell No", a song by Toby Keith from his 2006 album White Trash with Money
* "Hell No", a song by Bruce Dickinson from Balls to Picasso, 1994
* "Hell No", a song by Kayan9896, 2022

## Places

* Hell, Norway

## Sports

* Team Hell No, a WWE Tag Team formed by Kane and Daniel Bryan
# Benin City National Museum

The Benin City National Museum is a national museum in Benin City, Nigeria, located in the city centre on King's Square. The museum has a significant number of artifacts related to the Benin Empire such as terracotta, bronze figures and cast iron pieces. It also has ancient art related to the early times.
The National Museum, Benin City was opened to the public in 1973. It is managed by the National Commission for Museums and Monuments (NCMM), an agency of the Federal Government of Nigeria responsible for the preservation, promotion and development of Nigeria's cultural heritage.

## Location

The Benin City National Museum is situated at a place called Ring road which used to be called King’s Square by the people of Benin, but it was changed to Oba Ovonramwen Square by Comrade Adams Oshiomhole during his tenure as a governor of the state.
# Landis School

Landis Intermediate School used to be a public middle school in Vineland, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, as part of the Vineland Public Schools. Its last year was 2017-2018. The only grades that were held those years were 7th and 8th. It opened as Vineland High School in 1928 and was designed by James Oscar Betelle. As the population of Vineland grew and Vineland High School got overcrowded, it became necessary to construct a new high school. With the construction of Vineland Senior High School South in 1963 (and the further construction of Vineland Senior High School North in 1976) Vineland High School got degraded to Landis Intermediate School.
As of the 2008-09 school year, the school had an enrollment of 503 students and 48.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student-teacher ratio of 10.3.
Listed as the Vineland High School, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 1995, for its significance in architecture and education.

## Administration

Members of the school's administration are:
* Melanie Beck, Principal

## Controversy surrounding Principal Kohaut

In March, 2009 Assistant Principal Richard Panas charged that Principal Donald Kohaut had been covering up the number of violent incidents at the school, claiming that at least 80 incidents of violence had not been reported to the state as required by state law. The New Jersey State Department of Education launched a probe into the conditions at the school due to Panas' claims. The probe discovered that while school officials did not properly report the incidents, the failure to do so was due to a lack of communication and was not deliberate. In May, 2009 Kohaut came under fire for physically removing two pages containing the poem Diary Of An Abusive Stepfather from the book Paint Me Like I Am after a student's parent complained. Kohaut answered criticism about his vandalizing the book instead of just removing it by saying that he wanted students to still be able to read the other poems included in the book.
# Footscray High School

Footscray High School is a multi-campus secondary school in Melbourne, Australia. It consists of two junior, years 7-9, campuses (Barkly and Pilgrim) and a newly renovated senior, years 10-12 campus (Kinnear).
Footscray High School is part of the Footscray Learning Precinct and has formed a network with the University of Melbourne which gives students a better chance of getting into the university after they leave high school. The network provides opportunities for Footscray High School to enter into a structured program that focuses upon excellence in teaching and learning practice and the improvement of student learning outcomes.

## History

In March 1916, the Footscray Technical School began teaching at what is now Victoria University's Footscray Nicholson campus. In July 1958, the school was renamed "Footscray Technial College" in line with Education Department reforms to technical schools at that time. On 25 September 1968, it was renamed "Footscray Institute of Technology" (FIT).
On 1 July 1972, the secondary education part of the institute was separated and named "Footscray Secondary Technical School". It continued to operate on the Nicholson Street site. However, its council was not established until early 1975, and a new site (on Ballarat Rd) was not acquired until 1975 and was not ready for occupation until May 1980. Thus during this period it remained closely linked to the institute.

## Notable students

Jasmine Garner (AFLW premiership player)
# Charles R. Weiner

Charles R. Weiner (June 27, 1922 – November 9, 2005) was an American politician and judge from Pennsylvania. He served as a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 7th district from 1953 to 1967 and as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania from 1967 to 2005 including as senior judge from 1988 to 2005.

## Education and career

Born in Philadelphia, Weiner was in the United States Navy during World War II, from 1941 to 1945. He thereafter received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1947, a Bachelor of Laws from Temple University Beasley School of Law in 1949, a Master of Arts degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1967, and a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1976. He was an assistant district attorney of Philadelphia County from 1952 to 1953, and was a member of the Pennsylvania Senate for the 7th district from 1953 to 1967, serving as minority floor leader from 1959 to 1960 and from 1963 to 1964, and as majority floor leader from 1961 to 1962. During this time, he maintained a private practice in Philadelphia.

### Federal judicial service

On May 24, 1967, Weiner was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania created by 80 Stat. 75. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 12, 1967, and received his commission on June 14, 1967. He was a member of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation from 1978 to 1983 and a Judge of the Special Railroad Court from 1982 to 1997. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1988, serving in that capacity until his death on November 9, 2005, in Doylestown, Pennsylvania.
# Nongriat

Nongriat is a village in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya State, in north-eastern India. It is perhaps best known for its living root bridges; one an impressive double-decker suspension bridge called Jingkieng Nongriat. The village has three functional root bridges. These are crafted by hand, as the Khasi people have done in the Khasi Hills for centuries, intertwining and weaving together the aerial roots of banyan trees on opposite sides of a stream-filled gorge. Jingkieng Nongriat, better known simply as Double Decker, has been featured on international television programs such as the Human Planet series filmed in 2008 by BBC Wales, and a documentary by Osamu Monden in June 2004 for Asahi TV in Japan. There is another functioning living root bridge upstream from Nongriat, along with a hybrid structure that is made from both roots and steel wire.
Near Nongriat, and best viewed from the neighboring village of Laitkynsew during the autumn monsoon season as a magnificent cascade, is the waterfall of Ka Likai. A succession of stone steps connect the community with neighboring village of Tyrna, just below the Cherrapunji-Laitkynsew bridle-path.

## Climate

Climate data for Nongriat, 1981–2010 normals :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21 (70) | 23 (73) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 28 (82) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 25 (77) | 22 (72) | 26 (79) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9 (48) | 11 (52) | 15 (59) | 17 (63) | 19 (66) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 19 (66) | 14 (57) | 11 (52) | 17 (62) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16.9 (0.67) | 62.1 (2.44) | 255.2 (10.05) | 633.7 (24.95) | 1,075.2 (42.33) | 2,048.3 (80.64) | 2,429.9 (95.67) | 1,561 (61.46) | 1,004.4 (39.54) | 344.8 (13.57) | 48.0 (1.89) | 18.2 (0.72) | 9,497.7 (373.93) |
| Source: Chelsa Climate ||||||||||||||
# Ontario Highway 519

Secondary Highway 519, commonly referred to as Highway 519, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway is 30.5 km (19.0 mi) in length, connecting Highway 17 near Obatanga Provincial Park with Dubreuilville. A private logging road continues east from that point.
Initially constructed in 1962 as the Dubreuilville Industrial Road, Highway 519 was assumed by the province in 1985-1986. The route is paved throughout its length and encounters no communities of any size along its length, aside from Dubreuilville. A previous iteration of Highway 519 existed in Haliburton County between 1956 and 1984, travelling from north of Kinmount to north of Haliburton Village.

## Route description

Highway 519 is a short paved highway in the northern section of Algoma District which provides access to the remote village of Dubreuilville. The route begins east of Obatanga Provincial Park at Highway 17, 40 km (25 mi) north of Wawa and 45 km (28 mi) south of White River. From there it travels 30.4 km (18.9 mi) eastward through a hilly and heavily forested region. The highway ends at Green Lake Road, just before entering Dubreuilville, a village built to service the Dubreuil Brothers lumber operations in the surrounding boreal forest. An access road continues east of the village to the Chapleau Crown Game Preserve, the largest game preserve in the world.

## History

Highway 519 was first designated in 1985. It was assumed in two portions over 1985 and 1986, with the final designation of the complete route on 1 May 1986. Gravel-surfaced over its entire length at the time of designation, paving of the highway began in 1986 and was complete by 1987.
The routing of the highway has remained the same since it was designated. It was unaffected by highway downloading in the late-1990s.

## Major intersections

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 519, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. The entire route is located in Algoma District.
| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Unorganized Algoma | 0.0 | 0.0 | Highway 17 – Wawa, White River | |
| Dubreuilville | 30.4 | 18.9 | Green Lake Road | Access to Chapleau Crown Game Preserve |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Bernadette Sanou Dao

Bernadette Sanou Dao (born 25 February 1952 in Bamako, French Sudan) is a Burkinabé author and politician. At age 11, her family returned to Upper Volta from Mali. She attended Kolog-Naba college in Ouagadougou and later Ohio University in the United States and the Sorbonne in Paris, France. From 1986 to 1987 she was Burkina Faso's Minister for Culture. She lives in Ouagadougou. She writes poetry, short-stories and children's stories.
# Andrzej Pawłowski

Andrzej Pawłowski (20 July 1925, in Wadowice – 16 February 1986, in Kraków) was a Polish avant-garde painter, sculptor, photographer, and experimental filmmaker. He was also a well-respected innovator in industrial design and an architect of exhibition arrangements. While a professor of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków, he was among the co-creators of the Industrial Forms Department. Pawlowski's experimental work looked at the relationship between visual form and kinetic movement.

## Work

His 1957 experimental film Kineformy (Cineforms) consisted of projecting moving abstract models onto a screen using a special image-distorting lens. Pawlowski devised a light machine with two crank-like handles to move the models and the lenses. The light, passing through the lenses, distorted the forms, resulting in a series of very complex images – wispy smoke, diaphanous curtains, passing ghosts and then suddenly solid organic forms. This light performance was then filmed. It became an international success and today is one of the leading examples of avant-garde film and video in Poland.
Pawłowski's later work included Naturally Shaped Forms (1963), reliefs produced by the pressure of metal tape on the reverse of the picture, Mannequins (1968), sculptures produced from a liquid medium setting in sacks tied with a cord into casts shaped by the force of inertia of the medium, Stimulators of Inadequate Impressions (1967), sculptures enclosed in containers whose shapes may only be determined by touch, and Conversations with an Idiot (1977–1980), an attempt to design the 'ideal' chair with the aid of a computer.
Pawłowski was furthermore a member of the Association of Polish Visual Artists and the Association of Polish Artistic Photographers, as well as a participant of the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID).
# Haietlik

The haietlik (Nuuchahnulth: ḥiʔiiƛ̓iik; "lightning serpent") is a lightning spirit and legendary creature in the mythology of the Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) people of the Canadian Pacific Northwest Coast. According to legend, the haietlik is both an ally and a weapon of the thunderbirds, employed by them in the hunting of whales. They are described as huge serpents with heads as sharp as a knife and tongues that shoot lightning bolts. A blow from a haietlik injures a whale enough that the hunting thunderbird can carry it away as prey. The haietlik is variously described as dwelling among the feathers of the thunderbirds to be unleashed with a flap of the wings, or inhabiting the inland coastal waters and lakes frequented by the Nuu-chah-nulth people.

## Cultural significance

Because thunderbirds are said to use the haietlik essentially as harpoons, the lightning serpent is commonly associated with whaling in Nuu-chah-nulth culture. Whalers who carry the skin of this mythological creature in their canoe are said to have luck in whaling. British sailors visiting the Pacific Northwest in 1791 reportedly saw representations of the haietlik painted on the sides of canoes. Images of the haietlik also appear in petroglyphs on the coast of British Columbia and as decorations on whaling harpoons.
The haietlik also serves a ceremonial purpose in Nuu-chah-nulth rituals. One part of the ceremony for a marriage between a chief's daughter and the son of another tribe involves men of the groom's tribe arriving in a haietlik formation – their canoes formed up in a line, moving in a zig-zag pattern around the cove – before landing and distributing blankets as gifts to every member of the bride's tribe. Another marriage ceremony involves dancers in haietlik masks entering the house of the bride's family. The Nuu-chah-nulth wolf ritual – an initiation ceremony in which initiates are performatively kidnapped by men in wolf masks, taken into the woods, and taught important dances – also references the haietlik. One of the masks used in this ceremony simultaneously represents both a wolf and a lightning serpent, and one of the dances taught to the initiates is a thunder dance in which a haietlik-dancer (hinkiic) enters a house through the roof.
The Canadian Forces' 442 Transport and Rescue Squadron badge features a red haietlik in a Northwest Coast art style.