OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William J. Bauer

William Joseph Bauer (born September 15, 1926) is an inactive senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Chicago and previously a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

## Education and career

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Bauer served in the United States Army from 1945 to 1947. He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1949 from Elmhurst College and a Juris Doctor in 1952 from DePaul University College of Law. He served as an assistant state's attorney in DuPage County, Illinois from 1952 to 1956, serving as first assistant state's attorney from 1956 to 1958 and serving as state's attorney from 1959 to 1964. He was an instructor at Elmhurst College from 1952 to 1959 and was in private practice in Illinois from 1953 to 1964. He served as a Judge of the Illinois Circuit Court for the Eighteenth Judicial Circuit from 1964 to 1970. He was the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois from 1970 to 1971.

## Federal judicial service

Bauer was nominated by President Richard Nixon on September 14, 1971, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois vacated by Judge Joseph Sam Perry. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 8, 1971, and received his commission on November 10, 1971. His service terminated on January 3, 1975, due to elevation to the Seventh Circuit.
Bauer was nominated by President Gerald Ford on December 11, 1974, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit vacated by Judge Otto Kerner Jr. He was confirmed by the Senate on December 19, 1974, and received his commission on December 20, 1974. He served as Chief Judge from 1986 to 1993. He assumed senior status on October 31, 1994. He was a Member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1987 to 1993.
On April 19, 2018, Bauer wrote the majority opinion striking down Indiana's ban on abortion due to disability as unconstitutional. Bauer was joined by Joel Flaum, over the dissent of Daniel Anthony Manion. This part was upheld in Box v. Planned Parenthood.

## Personal life

In 2013, Bauer married Patricia Spratt, an appellate litigator and a shareholder of the firm Shefsky & Froelich. She had previous clerked for Bauer in 1991 and 1992. In 2015, the Illinois Supreme Court appointed Spratt to a vacant judgeship on the 7th subcircuit of the Cook County Circuit Court. She was elected to the judgeship in 2016, and won retention in 2022.

## Honor

Bauer was inducted as a Laureate of The Lincoln Academy of Illinois and awarded the Order of Lincoln (the State's highest honor) by the Governor of Illinois in 2010 in the area of Government & Law.
# Iryna Podoliak

Iryna Ihorivna Podoliak (Ukrainian: Іри́на І́горівна Подоля́к; born 2 May 1967) is a Ukrainian politician. She is a former people's deputy of Ukraine, representing Ukraine's 116th electoral district in the 8th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada as a member of Self Reliance.

## Biography

Iryna Podoliak was born in Zolochiv, Lviv Oblast. She graduated with honours from Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, with a degree in Philology, Ukrainian Language and Literature. From 1990 to 1993 she attended the PhD program at the same university. In 2002 she received a degree in Law from the University of Lviv.
Podoliak started working in 1994, at the age of 17 taking the job of teacher in kindergarten #4 in Zolochiv. After obtaining her PhD degree, worked in the Creative Union Centre of Europe. In 1994–1998, worked in Lviv City Executive Committee, as a head of information department. In 1998–2002, she was the manager at the NGO Independent Culture Journal Ї. At the same time she was coordinating the USAID projects in Lviv. In 2002–2012 worked at the Lviv City Council, as the Head of International Cooperation department at the Bureau for Information Policies and External Relations.
In 2014 she was elected to Verkhovna Rada, the Parliament of Ukraine.
In the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Podoliak was not re-elected after finishing seventh with 5.06% of the vote in Ukraine's 116th electoral district in Lviv Oblast.
Podoliak has a daughter, student of the University of Lviv.
# Frederick Pfarr Stamp Jr.

Frederick Pfarr Stamp Jr. (born July 24, 1934) is an inactive Senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia.

## Education and career

Stamp was born in Wheeling, West Virginia. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Washington and Lee University in 1956, and attended the University of Virginia School of Law before receiving a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Richmond School of Law in 1959. He was a private in the United States Army from 1959 to 1960, and a First Lieutenant in the United States Army Reserves from 1960 to 1967. He was in private practice in Wheeling from 1960 to 1990.

### Federal judicial service

On May 11, 1990, Stamp was nominated by President George H. W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia vacated by William M. Kidd. Stamp was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 28, 1990, and received his commission on July 12, 1990. He served as Chief Judge from 1994 to 2001. He assumed senior status on November 1, 2006.
# William Bertelsman

William Odis Bertelsman (born January 31, 1936) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky.

## Education and career

Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Bertelsman received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Xavier University of Ohio in 1958, and a Juris Doctor from the University of Cincinnati College of Law in 1961. He was in private practice in Newport, Kentucky from 1962 to 1979, also serving as a Captain in the United States Army from 1963 to 1964. He was a lecturer for the University of Cincinnati College of Law from 1965 to 1972, and an adjunct professor of law at the Salmon P. Chase College of Law at Northern Kentucky University beginning in 1989.

## Federal judicial service

On October 11, 1979, Bertelsman was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky created by 92 Stat. 1629. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 26, 1979, and received his commission the next day. He served as Chief Judge from 1991 to 1998, assuming senior status on February 1, 2001.

## Notable cases

Bertelsman provided the Opinion for the case Jones v. Dirty World Entertainment Recordings LLC.
Bertelsman is the assigned judge in the Sandmann v. Washington Post lawsuit.
# George Clinton Sweeney

George Clinton Sweeney (July 23, 1895 – November 5, 1966) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts.

## Education and career

Born in Gardner, Massachusetts, Sweeney received a Bachelor of Laws from Georgetown Law in 1922. He was in the United States Army as a Sergeant from 1917 to 1918. He was in private practice in Gardner from 1924 to 1935. He served as Mayor of Gardner from 1931 to 1933. He was an assistant attorney general of the United States Department of Justice from 1933 to 1935. He was the first Knight of Columbus to be made a judge in Massachusetts.

## Federal judicial service

Sweeney was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 20, 1935, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts vacated by Judge James Arnold Lowell. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 21, 1935, and received his commission on August 24, 1935. He served as Chief Judge from 1948 to 1965 and as a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1958 to 1961. He assumed senior status on September 30, 1966. Sweeney served in that capacity until his death on November 5, 1966.
# James Clinkscales Hill

James Clinkscales Hill (January 8, 1924 – March 31, 2017) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia.

## Education and career

Born in Darlington, South Carolina, Hill was in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II, from 1943 to 1945. He received a Juris Doctor from Emory University School of Law in 1948 and a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of South Carolina in 1948. He was in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia from 1948 to 1974.

## Federal judicial service

Hill was nominated by President Richard Nixon on July 9, 1974, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia vacated by Judge Sidney Oslin Smith Jr. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 8, 1974, and received his commission on August 9, 1974. His service was terminated on May 26, 1976, due to elevation to the Fifth Circuit.
Hill was nominated by President Gerald Ford on May 4, 1976, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit vacated by Judge Griffin Bell. He was confirmed by the Senate on May 19, 1976, and received his commission on May 21, 1976. Hill was reassigned by operation of law to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit on October 1, 1981. He assumed senior status on October 15, 1989, serving in that status until his death on March 31, 2017, in Stuart, Florida.
# Jorge Antonio Solis

Jorge Antonio Solis (May 1, 1951 – October 8, 2021) was a United States District Judge and Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas.

## Education and career

Born in San Ygnacio, Texas, Solis received a Bachelor of Arts degree from McMurry College in 1973 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Texas School of Law in 1976. He was an assistant criminal district attorney of the Taylor County Criminal District Attorney's Office in Abilene, Taylor County, Texas from 1976 to 1981. He was in private practice from 1981 to 1982, after which he returned to the Taylor County Criminal District Attorney's Office as a criminal district attorney from 1983 to 1987. He was a special prosecutor for the Narcotics Task Force in 1988. Solis then served as a Judge of the 350th District Court of Texas from 1989 to 1991.

## Federal judicial service

On June 19, 1991, Solis was nominated by President George H. W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas vacated by Judge Robert William Porter. Solis was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 12, 1991, and received his commission on September 16, 1991. He became Chief Judge on November 13, 2014. He served as Chief Judge until he retired on May 1, 2016.
# Parasopubia

Parasopubia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. It includes four species native to the Indian subcontinent (3 species) and Indochina (1 species).

## Species

Four species are accepted.
* Parasopubia bonatii H.-P.Hofm. & Eb.Fisch. – Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam
* Parasopubia delphiniifolia (L.) H.-P.Hofm. & Eb.Fisch. – western India and Sri Lanka
* Parasopubia hofmannii Pradeep & Pramod – western and southwestern India
* Parasopubia raghavendrae K.V.Divya & Nampy – India (Kerala)
# Polypleurum

Polypleurum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Podostemaceae.
Its native range is Tropical Asia.

## Species

19 species are accepted.
* Polypleurum chinense B.Hua Chen & Miao Zhang
* Polypleurum dichotomum (Gardner) J.B.Hall
* Polypleurum disciforme C.J.Mathew & Nileena
* Polypleurum elongatum (Gardner) J.B.Hall
* Polypleurum erectum M.Kato
* Polypleurum filifolium (Ramam. & J.Joseph) A.S.Rao & Hajra
* Polypleurum insulare M.Kato & Koi
* Polypleurum longicaule M.Kato
* Polypleurum longifolium M.Kato
* Polypleurum longistylosum M.Kato
* Polypleurum munnarense Nagendran & Arekal
* Polypleurum phuwuaense M.Kato
* Polypleurum pluricostatum Koi & M.Kato
* Polypleurum prachinburiense M.Kato & Koi
* Polypleurum prostratum C.J.Mathew & Nileena
* Polypleurum schmidtianum Warm.
* Polypleurum sisaketense M.Kato & Koi
* Polypleurum wallichii (R.Br. ex Griff.) Warm.
* Polypleurum wongprasertii M.Kato
# C. Anthony Anderson

Curtis Anthony Anderson (born May 29, 1940) is a contemporary American philosopher, currently Professor of Philosophy at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He earned his Ph.D. in philosophy from University of California at Los Angeles in 1977, where he worked closely with the renowned logician Alonzo Church. He also holds an M.S. in mathematics from the University of Houston (1965), where he earned his undergraduate degree in physics and mathematics (1964).
Anderson's work over the years has focused primarily in the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of language, although he also works in such areas as the philosophy of religion and has an interest in most areas of traditional philosophy.
Prior to his professorship at U.C. Santa Barbara, Anderson held posts notably at the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis, and the University of Texas at Austin.

## Publications

* The Paradox of the Knower, 1983.
* Divine Omnipotence and Impossible Tasks: An Intensional Analysis, 1984.
* Some Difficulties Concerning Russellian Intensional Logic, 1986.
* Bealer's Quality and Concept, 1987.
* Propositional Attitudes: The Role of Content in Logic, Language, and Mind, 1990.
* Analyzing Analysis, 1993.
# Ruby Bridges (film)

Ruby Bridges is a 1998 television film, written by Toni Ann Johnson, directed by Euzhan Palcy and based on the true story of Ruby Bridges, one of the first black students to attend integrated schools in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1960. As a six-year-old, Bridges was one of four black first-graders, selected on the basis of test scores, to attend previously all-white public schools in New Orleans. Three students were sent to McDonogh 19, and Ruby was the only black child to be sent to William Frantz Elementary School. It is currently available for streaming on Disney+.

## Plot

Ruby Bridges tells the story of how a six-year-old Black girl integrated a New Orleans segregated school in 1960. Ruby did not achieve this feat alone – there was the NAACP that chose her; four US Marshals who kept back the angry mob of haters bent on lynching her; Barbara Henry, a kind-hearted White teacher who pushed back against her racist superiors and coworkers; Robert Coles, a famous psychiatrist to help her with the stress, and his wife Jane; and, most of all, her courageous mother, who shared the deep faith that gave the girl the strength to persist in spite of the hatred around her and of her father who initially doubted that her daughter should bear being persecuted by segregationists.

## Cast

* Chaz Monet as Ruby Bridges
* Penelope Ann Miller as Barbara Henry
* Kevin Pollak as Dr. Robert Coles
* Diana Scarwid as Miss Woodmere
* Lela Rochon as Lucielle "Lucy" Bridges
* Michael Beach as Abon Bridges
* Jean Louisa Kelly as Jane Coles
* Peter Francis James as Dr. Broyard
* Patrika Darbo as Miss Spencer
* Toni Ann Johnson as Alma Broyard

## Reception

The film holds a score of 83% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 6 reviews with an average rating of 6.6/10. The film was nominated for several awards, including an NAACP Image Award. The writer, Toni Ann Johnson, won the 1998 Humanitas Prize for her teleplay. The film also won The Christopher Award.
In 2023, the film was the subject of a complaint brought by a Florida parent who claimed that the film is not appropriate for school second-graders in because it might teach them that "white people hate Black people". A potential decision to ban the film was not upheld by a committee of teachers, parents, community members and a library media technology specialist after watching the film and reviewing the objection form, as well as the school district policy.
# Baltimore Charm

The Baltimore Charm was a team in the Legends Football League with home games at 1st Mariner Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. They began their inaugural 2010–2011 season in the Lingerie Football League on September 17, 2010, and finished with a 1–3 record. Baltimore entered its second season in the LFL's Eastern Conference in September 2011, ending with a 2–2 record. The league rebranded before the 2013 season as the Legends Football League.
On January 27, 2015, the league announced that Charm had suspended operations after four seasons with plans to return in 2016 following a move to the Washington, D.C./Northern Virginia market. The relocated team was to be called the Washington Warriorettes, but continually postponed its inaugural season.

## 2010–2011 schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Score | Location | Television | Record |
| 1 | September 17 | @ Philadelphia Passion | Lost, 6–60 | Sun National Bank Center | MTV2 | 0–1 |
| 2 | October 1 | Tampa Breeze | Lost, 0–33 | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 0–2 |
| 3 | November 5 | Orlando Fantasy | Won, 42–19 | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 1–2 |
| 4 | November 19 | @ Miami Caliente | Lost, 12–42 | FIU Stadium | MTV2 | 1–3 |

## 2011–2012 schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Score | Location | Television | Record |
| 1 | September 16 | Orlando Fantasy | Lost | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 0–1 |
| 2 | September 23 | @ Cleveland Crush | Won, 20–19 | Quicken Loans Arena | MTV2 | 1–1 |
| 3 | October 28 | @ Toronto Triumph | Won | Ricoh Coliseum | MTV2 | 2–1 |
| 4 | November 18 | Philadelphia Passion | Lost, 12–24 | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 2–2 |

## 2013 schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Score | Location | Television | Record |
| 1 | May 25 | @ Jacksonville Breeze | Lost, 12–27 | Veterans Memorial Arena | MTV2 | 0–1 |
| 2 | June 8 | Philadelphia Passion | Won, 20–19 | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 1–1 |
| 3 | July 12 | Cleveland Crush | Won in OT, 14–18 | 1st Mariner Arena | MTV2 | 2–1 |
| 4 | November 18 | @ Omaha Heart | Won, 12–6 | Ralston Arena | MTV2 | 3–1 |
| Playoff Semifinal | August 24 | Philadelphia Passion | Lost, 20–19 | Citizens Business Bank Arena | MTV2 | 3–2 |
# Jesse Hepler Lilac Arboretum

The Jesse Hepler Lilac Arboretum was located on the University of New Hampshire campus in Durham, New Hampshire, USA, at 4 Library Way, from 1940 to 1980.
Jesse R. Hepler was acting chairman of the horticulture department in 1938, and suggested establishing a lilac arboretum on the slope behind Thompson Hall, a site that became known as Lilac Hill. It was dedicated in 1940, and in 1948 many of the research species were relocated there. It had 100 varieties of lilac (Syringa species) in seven color classes. By 1980, the genetic range had diminished due to cross breeding, and the decision was taken to uproot the arboretum. The lilac is the state flower of New Hampshire, and the plants were offered to the campus community. Lilac lovers wanting plants for their gardens cleared the site within 90 minutes. The continuing research into lilacs was moved to the UNH Horticultural Research facility at Woodman Farm, Spinney Lane, in Durham (at 43°09′05″N 70°56′38″W﻿ / ﻿43.1513°N 70.9440°W﻿ / 43.1513; -70.9440﻿ (UNH Woodman Farm)).
# Rufanula sextula

Rufanula sextula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Liotiidae.

## Distribution

The species occurs in South Africa.
# Fuerte River

The Fuerte River is a river in the state of Sinaloa, in northwestern Mexico. It flows from headwaters in the Sierra Madre Occidental to the Pacific Ocean in the Gulf of California.

## Course

It begins at the junction of the Rio Verde (also called the Rio San Miguel) and Urique River, in the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range. It flows generally southwest for a distance of 290 kilometres (180 mi), with its river mouth on the Gulf of California at Lechuguilla Island, 43 kilometres (27 mi) west of the city of Los Mochis.
Miguel Hidalgo Dam impounds the river near the town of El Fuerte creating the state's largest reservoir, Embalse de Gustavo Diaz Ordaz. The water is used extensively for agricultural irrigation in northern Sinaloa and southern Sonora states.

## Features

The river is surrounded by large mango plantations which produce the fruits mainly for export to the United States. The former capitol of Sinaloa, Sinaloa de Leyva, is on the river in the Fuerte River Valley, in the Sierra Madre Occidental foothills.
# Dynasty Wars

Dynasty Wars, released in Japan as Tenchi wo Kurau, is a 1989 beat-'em-up video game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. It is based on Hiroshi Motomiya's manga series Tenchi wo Kurau and a reenactment of the battle between the Kingdom of Shu and the Yellow Turban rebels. Each of the two players can assume the roles of one of the four Chinese generals riding on horseback from the Three Kingdoms period in an attempt to smash the rebellion. A sequel, Warriors of Fate, was released in 1992.

## Gameplay

The players' goal is to wipe out the Huang Ching, the organization responsible for the unrest of the Han dynasty and later defeat the tyrant Dong Zhuo, and up to two players can fight side by side to accomplish this goal. This game always scrolls to the right. Players must be able to survive the rebel hordes to reach and kill the rebel general in each stage to free the province.
Players can use three buttons: to attack left, attack right, or use special tactics. In the arcade version, inserting more coins and pressing START increases the maximum life of the player. Completing stages and an experience point system in the form yellow orbs allows the player to level-up, gaining more vitality and stronger weapons. These weapons are upgraded for every 3rd blue orb collected. In-game treasure increases player score, and food packs replenish vitality.
There are 4 selectable characters, each with their own varying amounts of attack power and initial vitality. Aside from unique weaponry, each character also has a unique partner character during a certain special attack. For every 3 blue orbs collected, the player's weapon improves, depending on his current level range.
There are a total of eight stages (called rounds), corresponding a province in reference to the historic battles in the novel.

## Conversions

Home computer versions for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64 were developed by Tiertex and published by U.S. Gold in 1990.
NEC Avenue produced a PC Engine Super CD-ROM² version of Tenchi o Kurau, which was released exclusively in Japan in 1994. It adds an extensive intro and in-game cut scenes.
A version for the Capcom Power System Changer was planned and previewed but never released.
A completely different game based on the manga and made by Capcom was released on the NES as Destiny of an Emperor in North America.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Crash | 44% (ZX) |
| Your Sinclair | 80% (ZX) |
In Japan, Game Machine listed Dynasty Wars on their May 15, 1989 issue as being the second most-successful table arcade unit of the month, outperforming titles like Crack Down and Valkyrie no Densetsu.
The ZX Spectrum version was received with mixed reviews; Your Sinclair awarded it 80%, highlighting the detailed graphics and horse-mounted theme of combat. CRASH rated it only 44%, criticizing the monochrome graphics, juddering scrolling and dull gameplay.