OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mosque of the Elephant

The Mosque of the Elephant (Arabic: الجامع الفيلة, romanized: Jami al-Fila) was a small mosque built in 1105 by the vizier, and de facto ruler of the Fatimid Caliphate, al-Afdal Shahanshah, on the southern outskirts of Cairo.
The building, the only known mosque to have been built under al-Afdal's regency (1094–1021), was located south of Fustat (Old Cairo), on a hill above the so-called Lake of the Abyssinians (Birkat al-Habash). It was built at a cost of 6,000 gold dinars and inaugurated in April/May 1105. Its name derived from a row of seven domed tombs in the vicinity, which from the distance is supposed to have looked like armed warriors riding on an elephant.
In 1119, work began to install a new observatory at the mosque, in order to revise the astronomical tables (zij) used at the time in Egypt, that were hopelessly out of date. The affair turned into a fiasco: costs skyrocketed, especially for the large, and difficult to cast, bronze rings used for observations. Even when the latter were successfully cast and installed on the roof of the mosque, it turned out that the Muqattam Hills actually blocked the view of the sun during sunrise; the whole apparatus had to be transported to a new site on the Muqattam itself.
The mosque was already ruined by the 14th century, when the Bedouin are recorded as watering their camels in its cistern.
# Caul fat

Caul fat, also known as lace fat, omentum, crépine or fat netting, is the thin membrane which surrounds the internal organs of some animals, such as cows, sheep, and pigs, also known as the greater omentum. It is used as a casing for sausages, roulades, pâtés, and various other meat dishes. Examples of such dishes are Vietnamese bò nướng mỡ chài, Swiss atriau, French crépinette, Cypriot sheftalia, South African skilpadjies, British faggots, Serbian plućna maramica and trbušna maramica, and Italian fegatelli. In the traditional Ukrainian and Russian cuisine, caul fat, known as salnik or salnyk, was usually filled with kasha and liver, and baked in a clay pot in the Russian oven. The Navajo people of the Southwestern United States wrap sheep intestines around strips of caul fat to make a dish called ach'ii'.

## Gallery

* Caul fat dishes
* Salnyk
* Ostrich crépinette
* French veal sausage bundle (Feuilleton de veau)
* Atriau served with pasta and carrots
# Hasanwayhids

The Hasanwayhids or Hasanuyids (Kurdish: حەسنەوییەکان) were a powerful Shia Kurdish dynasty reigning the western parts of Iran such as Iranian Azerbaijan and Zagros Mountains between Shahrizor and Khuzestan from c. 959 to 1015. The last Hasanwayhid ruler died in 1015 in Sarmadj, south of Bisotun, as the Seljuks began entering the region.

## Aishanid predecessors

The Hasanwayhids were preceded in the region by the Aishanid or 'Ishaniya Kurdish tribe. This particular group had ruled territories in the districts of Dinawar, Hamadan and Nahavand. Their emirs Ghanim and Windad (sons of a certain Ahmad) had usurped the rule from the Abbasid caliphate for fifty years, until their death in 960–1. The next generation of Aishanid emirs couldn't keep the control of their family castles: Ghānim’s son Daysam was defeated by the Buyid armies, and Windād’s son ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, was taken prisoner by a rival Kurdish group, and handed to the first Hasanwayhid ruler, Hasanwayh. He was a maternal nephew of Ghanim and Windad, and he obtained the castles of their Aishanid relatives.

## History

The name of the dynasty was an eponym to their first ruler Hasanwayh ibn Husayn from the Barzikani tribe. A vassal of the Buyid dynasty, Hasanwayh supported them against the Samanids which enabled him in gaining some power. He would ultimately control much of Lorestan, Dinavar, Nahavand and Hamadan and was powerful to such degree in which the Buyids refrained from disturbing him. The influence of Hasanwayh reached Azerbaijan.
After his death in 979, his son Badr ibn Hasanwayh became ruler and achieved notable gains including imposing order, developing a strong financial administration, building roads and markets in the mountains, securing the safety of pilgrims crossing his territory and striking coins. Like his father, he continued to pledge his allegiance to the Buyids.
Badr ibn Hasanwayh was succeeded by his grandson Zahir in 1014 but only kept power for a year as he was expelled by Buyid Shams al-Dawla and shortly after killed. The Annazids took large parts of its western territory and became their immediate successors. The eastern parts were taken by the Buyids, while the Kakuyids took the southern portions. All of the formerly held Hasanwayhids territory was ultimately taken by Tughril.
The Sarmaj Castle was built by the Hasanwayhids.

## Rulers

* Hasanwayh (961–979)
* Badr ibn Hasanwayh (979–1014)
* Zahir ibn Hilal ibn Badr (1013–1014)
* Hilal ibn Badr (1014)
* Zahir ibn Hilal ibn Badr (1014–1015)
# Astrid Thors

Astrid Gunilla Margareta Thors (born 6 November 1957) was a Member of the Finnish Parliament from 2003 to 2013. A Finnish-Swedish politician, formerly of the Swedish People's Party, Thors is a Candidate of Law and held several senior jobs before becoming a Member of the European Parliament in 1996 where she worked until 2004. From 2005 to 2007 she chaired the Swedish Assembly of Finland.
After the 2007 elections she was chosen to be the new Minister of Migration and European Affairs in Matti Vanhanen's second cabinet.
During 2007 and 2011 Thors became a target of the increasing anti-immigration and anti-European Union sentiment. She received death threats that were consequently investigated by the police, and faced a lot of criticism, in parliament and especially on chat and blogging sites. This was regardless of the fact that during her term, the Finnish immigration policy continued to tighten outside the EU directives. The critique Minister Thors faced subsequently led to a decision not to continue this ministerial position in Prime Minister Katainen's government, and immigration policy was returned under the Interior Minister's wings and EU policy was given to the new position of the Minister of European Affairs and Foreign Trade.
From 20 August 2013 to 19 August 2016 she was at the position of OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities. At this post she was preceded by Ambassador Knut Vollebaek of Norway and succeeded by Ambassador Lamberto Zannier of Italy.
Thors went to the Swedish co-educational school Nya svenska samskolan.

## Personal life

In 2004, Thors married Juhani Terho Antero Turunen.
# Sue Bird (engineer)

Susan Bird MBE is a British acoustic engineer and past president of Women's Engineering Society (WES) (1991–1993, 1996–1997).

## Education and career

Bird studied Applied Physics at Coventry Polytechnic, then worked at the British Aircraft Corporation as an acoustics engineer for Concorde, and other aircraft, then joined the Scientific Branch in the Greater London Council as an acoustic consultant specialising mainly in building acoustics. On the demise of the GLC in 1986 she formed her own company, Bird Acoustics, and was joined in 1993 by her husband, also an acoustics engineer. This was a consultancy specialising in acoustics and noise control where she stayed until her retirement in 2008. She gained an MSc in Applied Acoustics from Derby University in 2003. She is a Chartered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institute of Acoustics and has been both chair and President of the Association of Noise Consultants.
In 1993 Bird was a member of the Working Group on ‘Women in Science Technology and Engineering’ for Office of Science & Technology which produced the report ‘The Rising Tide’. In 2002, representing WES, she was instrumental in setting up the International Network of Women Engineers and Scientists (INWES), and was INWES president from 2008 to 2011.
Bird was a governor at Welbeck Defence Sixth Form College for 25 years and is now a Parish Councillor.

## Awards

Bird was awarded the Isabel Hardwich Medal of the Women's Engineering Society in 2003 and an MBE for services to women in engineering in 2016.
# Mari Rantanen

Mari Rantanen (born 29 March 1976) is a Finnish politician of the Finns Party currently serving in the Parliament of Finland for the Helsinki constituency. As a Member of Parliament, she has served as a member of the Committee on Legal Affairs in 2019-2022. Rantanen was elected Chairman of the Committee on Administrative Affairs in November 2022. Before her political career, Rantanen worked as a nurse and as a police officer.
In June 2023, she was appointed Minister of the Interior in the Orpo Cabinet.

## Controversies

After her appointment, Rantanen's past remarks came under scrutiny, as she has continuously written about the Great Replacement, even using the hashtag #väestönvaihto (Finnish for the Great Replacement) repeatedly on Twitter. After story was published, Rantanen said on Twitter that he did not believe in conspiracies. - The demographic pressure on Europe and the resulting demographic change that statistics show is a fact, Rantanen added. Prime Minister Orpo says in an interview "Above all, I evaluate how the minister does his job". According to Orpo, this means that the Minister does his job in a way that the Minister of the Interior follows the principles of the government programme and the principles that everyone has signed up to. In its 2020 Yearbook, the Finnish Security Police have identified demographic change as one of the notable ideological drivers of far-right terrorism. It also noted that views based on the theory of population turnover have been highlighted in a number of far-right terrorist attacks.
Ahead of the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election, Rantanen wrote a candidate brief on her website in which she remarked on immigration: "we must not be so blue-eyed (a Finnish term for "naive") that soon we will not be blue-eyed (a feature often associated with white people)".
In an interview with Iltalehti, Rantanen was asked what she meant by no longer being blue-eyed, and she replied: "I mean exactly what it says." She denied referring to racial theories, and when asked if she believed in the Great Replacement, she replied: "I believe in statistics." When asked what kind of statistics, Rantanen answered "demographics," instructed the interviewer to look at demographic changes in Sweden and suggested trying to avoid such changes in Finland. Rantanen then ended the interview.
In 2016, Rantanen wrote on social media that the boats of asylum seekers crossing the Mediterranean Sea should be stopped or otherwise "there will be a war". She also liked a comment that stated that refugees should be left to drown and another that called refugees parasites.The Interior Minister commented on his actions on Twitter on after STT reported on the tampering. Iltalehti has found and seen the post with comments on Facebook. - I have written a lot about politics over the years and I may have inadvertently liked a post whose content I did not agree with. I am a nurse and a police officer. People in distress at sea, or in any distress, will be helped, always," Rantanen writes.
# Dracula Cha Cha Cha

"Dracula Cha Cha Cha" is a 1959 novelty song by Italian singer Bruno Martino (La Voce del Padrone, 7 MQ 1271, 1959). Steno's horror-comedy film Tempi duri per i vampiri (1959) and released as a single the same year. It was later included in the album Italian Graffiti (1960/61) and performed onscreen in Vincente Minnelli's film Two Weeks in Another Town (1962).

## Background

Dracula Cha Cha Cha followed in the wake of the success of John Zacherle's similar Dracula-themed song, Dinner with Drac (1958). Martino's song shares a similar comedic tone, yet performed in a cha cha cha style. He describes how Dracula scares people and bites people's necks, while advising him to "suck a chicken and leave women alone."
It was released as the A-side to the song Ho Sognato D'Amarti and originally written and composed for the film Tempi duri per i vampiri (1959). The lyrics were provided by Bruno Brighetti. Some original prints list the song as Dracula Cha Cha, but all subsequent releases have spelled the title as Dracula Cha Cha Cha since.
Martino released a follow-up song called Draculino (Vampiro un po' bambino) (1959), about Dracula's son.

## Covers

The song was covered in 1959 by Renato Rascel. French-language versions were recorded by Fernand Bonifay (1960) and Henri Salvador (1961). The song was covered in English by Bob McFadden in collaboration with Jack Hansen & The Transylvanians (1960), with lyrics and music provided by Rod McKuen. A German-language version was made by Walter Brandin in 1961. Other notable cover versions were made by Bob Azzam (1960), Robert Donat (1960), The Good Fellas (2006) and The Tango Saloon (2008).
Martino's original recording was also sampled by Gaby and the Batmacumba on their single Vampira Cha Cha Cha (2005).

## In popular culture

The song also inspired the title of the novel Dracula Cha Cha Cha (1998) by Kim Newman.
# Lewis F. Brest

Lewis Francis Brest (May 15, 1842 - December 2, 1915) was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War.

## Biography

Brest served in the American Civil War in the 57th Pennsylvania Infantry for the Union Army. He received the Medal of Honor on May 10, 1865 for his actions at the Battle of Sailor's Creek.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Private, Company D, 57th Pennsylvania Infantry. Place and date: At Sailors Creek, Va., 6 April 1865. Entered service at:------. Birth: Mercer, Pa. Date of Issue: 10 May 1865.
Citation:
   Capture of flag.
# Kleinwort Hambros

51°30′41″N 0°5′0″W﻿ / ﻿51.51139°N 0.08333°W﻿ / 51.51139; -0.08333
SG Kleinwort Hambros is a private bank owned by Société Générale that offers financial services from offices throughout the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Gibraltar.

## History

In June 2016, Société Générale acquired Kleinwort Benson from Oddo & Cie. It merged Kleinwort Benson with its existing private banking subsidiary SG Hambros in November 2016 to form Kleinwort Hambros. Mouhammed Choukeir was appointed CEO in April 2020.
# Mae Montaño

Mae Montaño Valencia (born April 7, 1953, Esmeraldas) is an Ecuadorian politician. She has worked for human and women's rights and youth rehabilitation.

## Political career

Montaño became the director of A New Option in 2006, for whom she won a seat in the Constituent Assembly in 2007. Later, she helped organize the National Democratic Coalition.
Montaño is one of the founders of the Creating Opportunities (CREO) party, organized in 2010. She was elected to the National Assembly representing CREO in 2013 [es] and 2017 [es]. On March 2, 2018, Montaño, dissatisfied with CREO, left the party and became an independent.

### Odebrecht scandal

On June 18, 2018, under Article 131 of the Ecuadorian constitution, Montaño presented a request to the National Assembly for the impeachment of Attorney General Diego García for his role in the Odebrecht scandal, backed by 37 signatures, 23 annexes, and 1467 pieces of evidence. García had already resigned from the Attorney Generalship on January 31, 2018, after a decade at the post, but the Legislative Administration Council, the governing body of the National Assembly, approved the request on September 18, 2018, passing it to the Supervisory Commission the next day.

## Citations

* ↑ "Mae Montaño Valencia". El Universo (in Spanish). Retrieved December 28, 2013.
* ↑ Montaño, Mae. "Mae Montaño: Perfil Profesional". maemontano.blogspot.com (in Spanish). Retrieved October 27, 2016.
* ↑ "Mae Montaño. Perfil de la asambleísta nacional" (PDF). americo.usal.es (in Spanish). University of Salamanca. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
* ↑ "Mae Montaño: "Al burocratizar la participación se quita el alma de movilizaciones"". El Universo (in Spanish). February 5, 2012. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
* ↑ "36 asambleístas fueron reelectos". La Hora (in Spanish). March 4, 2017. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017.
* ↑ "Mae Montaño se desafilia de Creo; el movimiento respeta su decisión". El Comercio (in Spanish). May 2, 2018. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
* ↑ "Mae Montaño plantea juicio político a exprocurador García". Ecuavisa (in Spanish). June 18, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
* ↑ "Diego García renuncia a la Procuraduría General del Estado tras 10 años en el cargo". Ecuavisa (in Spanish). January 21, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
* ↑ "CAL da paso a juicio político contra exprocurador García". Ecuavisa (in Spanish). September 18, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
* ↑ "Proyecto de Ley Anticorrupción y pedido de interpelación para exprocurador García pasan primer filtro en Asamblea". El Comercio (in Spanish). September 19, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
# Sandra Naranjo

Sandra Naranjo Bautista (born 1985, Ambato) is an Ecuadorian politician and economist.

## Education

Naranjo studied at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito, has a diploma from the Latin American Social Sciences Institute, and a master's degree in public administration and international development from Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.

## Career

Naranjo served as Ecuador's Minister of Tourism from June 2014 to October 2015 and then as the national secretary of planning and development. On January 4, 2017, Naranjo became interim Vice President of Ecuador by President Rafael Correa's Executive Order 1291 when the incumbent Jorge Glas was given leave without pay.

## Citations

* ↑ "Con 31 años, Sandra Naranjo está a cargo de la Vicepresidencia". El Telégrafo (in Spanish). January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
* 1 2 "CHAKANA Secretaría Nacional de Planificación" (in Spanish). Government of Ecuador. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
* ↑ Cevallos, Pamela. "Sandra Naranjo: La joven ministra apasionada por un turismo de calidad". Nuestro Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved January 7, 2017.
* ↑ "Sandra Naranjo estará a cargo de la Vicepresidencia hasta el 30 de marzo". El Telégrafo (in Spanish). March 14, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
# Rosey Davis (baseball)

Roosevelt "Rosey" Davis (November 19, 1904 – December 28, 1968) was an American professional baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues and the Mexican League from the 1920s to the 1940s.

## Biography

A native of Bartlesville, Oklahoma, Davis made his Negro leagues debut with the St. Louis Stars in 1924. Known for his spitball and emery ball, he enjoyed a career that lasted over 20 years. Davis died in Chicago, Illinois in 1968 at age 64. His grave was marked by the Negro Leagues Baseball Grave Marker Project in 2005.
# Silvia Piccagnoni

Silvia Piccagnoni (born 27 May 1993) is an Italian ski mountaineer.
Piccagnoni was born in Sondalo. After notable results in youth classes, she participated in the women's senior relay team (together with Martina Valmassoi and Corinne Clos) at the 2011 World Championship of Ski Mountaineering, which finished fifth.
Piccagnoni is member of the Sci Club Alta Valtellina.
# Claude Feemster Clayton

Claude Feemster Clayton (August 4, 1909 – July 4, 1969) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi.

## Education and career

Born in Tupelo, Mississippi, Clayton received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Mississippi School of Law in 1931. He was in private practice in Tupelo from 1931 to 1935, and was a prosecuting attorney for Lee County, Mississippi, from 1935 to 1938. He was a Circuit Judge of the First Circuit Court District of Mississippi from 1938 to 1942. After serving in the United States Army, he was in private practice in Tupelo from 1945 to 1958. He was the Tupelo city attorney from 1949 to 1953.

### Army

He served in the Army from 1942 to 1945 and 30 years in the Mississippi National Guard. He was commander of the 31st Infantry Division and retired as a major general.

## Federal judicial service

On February 24, 1958, Clayton was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi vacated by Judge Elijah Allen Cox. Clayton was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 4, 1958, and received his commission on March 12, 1958. He served as Chief Judge from 1966 to 1967. Clayton's service was terminated on November 23, 1967, due to elevation to the Fifth Circuit.
On October 16, 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson nominated Clayton to a new seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit created by 80 Stat. 75. He was confirmed by the Senate on October 26, 1967, and received his commission the following day. He served until his death on July 4, 1969.
# Mulligan's Hollow Ski Bowl

Mulligan's Hollow Ski Bowl is a family friendly, local ski hill situated in the dunes of Grand Haven, Michigan. It is located adjacent to the Tri-Cities YMCA. Originally built in 1960 through the help of volunteers, it has provided kids, teens, and families a local, comparatively inexpensive location to enjoy snow sports. In 2009, the day-to-day operations were handed from the City of Grand Haven to a new, volunteer organization named the Ski Bowl Association in an effort to remove the financial burden from the city's budget.

## Improvements

Volunteers, generous donors, and fundraisers have, over the decades, provided improvements to the hill. Rope tows, snow making equipment, a Sno-Cat, snowmobiles, warming hut (with outdoor fire pit), hillside sound system, and a first aid station are now part of the hill. Recent additions include terrain features for a snowboard park. As of the end of 2010, the hill maintained 5 tow ropes and 7 groomed runs.

## Ice Rink

The ice rink, located adjacent to the parking, is lit and available when outdoor temperatures allow for ice.

## Rental Equipment

Reliable Ski is providing ski and snowboard rental on site, but supplies are limited.

## Lessons

While the Ski Bowl does not have equipment to rent (see note above about local sport house), it does offer lessons in skiing and snowboarding. Lessons range from beginner to advanced and can be in a group setting or private. Various clinics for advanced techniques are often available as well.

## Community Events

During the summer, the Ski Bowl is sometimes used for community events, such as Kids Day at the Coast Guard Festival. In past years, the hillside has also been the site of the occasional concert.

## Future Plans

Recent site plans call for relocating of an existing softball field to offer more parking and improvements to driveways to allow better mass transit access.
# István Irsai

István Irsai (later Pesach Ir-Shay, Hebrew: פסח ער-שי, b. 1896 – d. 1968) was a Hungarian-born Israeli architect and graphic designer.

## Early life

István Irsai was born in 1896 in Budapest, Hungary. He learned how to play the violin as a child. He served in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I. He subsequently studied architecture at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics.

## Adult life

Irsai started his career as an architect and graphic designer in Budapest. He lived in Mandate Palestine from 1925 to 1929, when he designed the Hebrew font Haim. During that time, he also designed stage sets in theatres as well as houses in the Bauhaus architectural style. He returned to Hungary in 1929, where he worked as a graphic designer until 1944.
Irsai was deported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in 1944, but he managed to escape on the Kastner train. He emigrated to Israel, where he was a graphic designer. He designed posters for Modiano and Tungsram, among other companies. He also designed Zionist-themed posters to promote the state of Israel.

## Death

Irsai died in 1968 in Israel.