OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blue stain fungi

Blue stain fungi (also known as sap stain fungi) is a vague term including various fungi that cause dark staining in sapwood. The staining is most often blue, but could also be grey or black. Because the grouping is based solely on symptomatics, it is not a monophyletic grouping.

## Included species

Depending on the author, the group can include between 100 and 250 species of ascomycetes and so-called deuteromycetes. They are usually divided into three different groups:
* Ascomycete fungi from the genera Ceratocystis, Ophiostoma, Ceratocystiopsis, Grosmannia. These are usually transmitted between trees by bark beetles of the subfamily Scolytinae.
* Several black yeasts including Hormonema dematioides, Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhinocladiella atrovirens, and Phialophora species.
* Several dark molds such as Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium sphaerospermum and C. cladosporioides.
Importance of the symbiotic relationship between blue stain fungi and bark beetles.
Symbiotic association between bark beetles and species of blue stain fungi is a well-known and studied phenomenon in the forestry pathology. Some bark beetle species like Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) feed on phloem layer just underneath the bark of a lodgepole pines when they are developing from larval to adult stage. Mountain Pine Beetle carry the spores of at least 2 known blue stain fungi species, Ophiostoma clavigerum and Ophiostoma montium. These spores are carried on the exoskeleton of the beetles from one tree to another and aid the insects in overcoming defence mechanisms of different pine species. After the beetles initiate their attack and bore through the bark spores are released. These spores immediately start to multiply and block important conductive vessels within the tree tissues. The tree loses its ability to produce resin and to defend itself.
Trade and pulp production problems associated with blue stain fungi
Developing spores of the blue stain fungi are a concern in packaging materials used for shipping from Canada to Australia due to the potential risk of introducing invasive species of fungi.
According to Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada the wood infected with the blue stain fungus have a high proportion of fines that are not suitable for pulp production.

## Economic importance

The major economic damage caused by the blue stain fungi is aesthetic because of the usually undesirable discoloration of wood. Blue stain fungi do not affect the strength of wood. In some cases the staining is desirable in fine wood crafting applications where it is called spalting.
# Moby Dick - Rehearsed (Wednesday Theatre)

"Moby Dick - Rehearsed" is a 1965 Australian TV play based on the 1955 play Moby Dick - Rehearsed by Orson Welles. It was shot in Sydney.

## Plot

A stage is set for a performance of King Lear. However the actor-manager has something else in mind - for his cast to do a rehearsed reading of Moby Dick.

## Cast

* Wynn Roberts as Ahab
* Keith Alexander as Starbuck
* Ed Devereaux as Stubb
* Des Rolfe as Flask
* Michael Thomas as young actor, also Ishmael
* Patricia Connolly as Pip
* Stewart Ginn as Middle Aged Axtor / Elijah and Carpenter
* Tom Farley
* David Copping
* Alex Cann
* Tommy Dysart
* Guy Le Claire

## Production

The set was designed by Geoffrey Wedlock.

## Reception

The TV critic for the Sydney Morning Herald called it "very exciting television... Ken Hannam's production was compelling and always visually interesting, especially in the use of focus."
The Canberra Times called it "a fine actors play, but, let us face it, a pretty boring one" but praised the work of Wynn Roberts and Patricia Connolly.
# Dave Magazu

David Anthony Magazu (June 10, 1957 – December 17, 2021) was an offensive line coach and a tight ends coach with the Carolina Panthers, Denver Broncos, Chicago Bears, and Birmingham Iron.

## Early years

Dave Magazu was born in Taunton, Massachusetts to Damon Magazu and Carole Magazu.
# Mordechai Gichon

Mordechai Gichon (Hebrew: מרדכי גיחון; born August 16, 1922; died September 19, 2016) was an Israeli non-fiction author and military historian.

## Early life and military career

Gichon was born Mordechai Gicherman in Berlin, Germany, to a Jewish family. In 1934, the family moved to Mandatory Palestine and settled in Tel Aviv, where his father Nachum ran a German-language newspaper. Gichon was educated at the Ben-Yehuda Gymnasium, and later at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
In 1940, he joined the Haganah, and in 1942, he enlisted in the British Army to fight in World War II. He saw action in Europe with the Jewish Brigade. Following the war, Gichon become one of the Nakam, who hunted down and killed former Nazis, and was among the Jewish Brigade veterans who organized Aliyah Bet, or illegal immigration of Holocaust survivors to Palestine. Gichon was placed in charge of an assembly point in the Netherlands from where Holocaust survivors were sought out and helped in their journey to Palestine. He was discharged from the British Army in 1946, and returned to Palestine, where he resumed his studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
In 1947, he rejoined the Haganah, and served as an intelligence officer in the Jerusalem area during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Gichon served in the newly created Israel Defense Forces, and established military intelligence units in the Jerusalem area.
Following the war, Gichon remained in the IDF as a career military intelligence officer, and in 1950 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. He served in several senior positions, and was involved in the 1956 Sinai Campaign. He retired from the army in 1963. During his military service, he completed a master's degree in 1956.

## Academic career

Gichon's academic career began in 1961, during his military service. When Israel Bar was arrested as a Soviet spy, Gichon was asked to take his place as head of the Department of Military History at Tel Aviv University. He served in this position from 1961 to 1965, when he moved to the Department of Classics and began studying archaeology. He completed a PhD in 1969. He wrote his thesis with the guidance of Professor Michael Avi-Yonah. He was appointed an associate professor in 1971, and professor in 1980. In 1990, he retired from Tel Aviv University as a professor emeritus in archaeology.

## Personal life

Gichon married Chava Goldberg (formerly Renate Eva Goldberg), the daughter of physicist and inventor Emanuel Goldberg, in 1948. The couple had three children.

## Books

* Battles of the Bible with Chaim Herzog.
* En Boqeq: Ausgraben in einer Oase am Toten Meer
* Palestine from Bethther to Tel Hai
* Sinai as a Border Region in Historic Retrospect
# S. Jay Plager

Sheldon Jay Plager (born May 16, 1931) is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.

## Early life and education

Born in Long Branch, New Jersey to A.L. and Clara Plager, Plager was educated in the public schools. He received his B.A. degree from the University of North Carolina in 1952, and his Juris Doctor from the University of Florida College of Law in 1958, with high honors, followed by a Master of Laws from Columbia Law School in 1961. He was in the United States Navy from 1948 to 1970, being commissioned as an ensign in 1952 and serving in active duty following World War II, earning the rank of Commander before he retired.

## Career

Plager taught as a law professor at the University of Florida from 1958 to 1963, then at the University of Illinois College of Law until 1977, and was then a dean and professor at the Indiana University Maurer School of Law until 1984. He also taught as a visiting professor at the University of Wisconsin Law School, was a visiting scholar at Stanford Law School, and was a visiting fellow at Cambridge University and the Rockefeller Foundation Research Center. From 1986 to 1987, he was counselor to the undersecretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, followed by three years as associate director and later administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Office of Management and Budget.

## Federal judicial service

Plager was nominated by President George H. W. Bush on September 12, 1989, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit vacated by Shiro Kashiwa, and he was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 8, 1989. He received his commission on November 11, 1989. Plager assumed senior status on November 30, 2000, and continues to sit as a Senior United States Circuit Judge. In addition to his teaching and judicial activities, he has authored numerous articles and books.

## Personal

Plager married his college sweetheart Frankie Lee (née Bird) Plager in 1951 while still in college. They divorced in 1980. They had three children, and six grandchildren (two from each children) by the time of his ex-wife's death in February 2015.
# Dimitri Djollo

Dimitri Djollo (born 5 May 1988) is a Dutch footballer who played for Dutch Eerste Divisie club TOP Oss during the 2007–10 seasons. He has since embarked on a career in amateur football.

## Club career

Born in Ivory Coast, Djollo came to Holland aged 6 and began playing football with SV Geinoord before signing with FC Utrecht's youth team. Djollo made his professional debut with TOP Oss and after three seasons with the club, he joined GVVV in 2010.
He later played for Sportlust '46 and Sparta Nijkerk and in summer 2015, Djollo left Sparta Nijkerk for fellow amateur side SDC Putten.
# Eiheijiguchi Station

Eiheijiguchi Station (永平寺口駅, Eiheijiguchi-eki) is a railway station on the Katsuyama Eiheiji Line in the town of Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Echizen Railway.

## Lines

Eiheijiguchi Station is served by the Katsuyama Eiheiji Line, and is located 10.9 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Fukui.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform and one island platform connected by a level crossing. The station is staffed. The original station building from 1914 has been preserved as a community centre.

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Katsuyama Eiheiji Line |||||
| Matsuoka | Express | Sannō |
| Shiizakai | Local | Shimoshii |

## History

Eiheijiguchi Station was opened on February 11, 1914 as Eiheiji Station (永平寺駅, Eiheiji-eki). On the Eiheiji Railway opened the Eiheijiguchi — Eiheijimon-Mae section, with through trains from Shin-Fukui to Eiheijimon-Mae operating from April 26, 1926. The station was renamed to its present name on January 1, 1927. On December 10, 1929 the Eiheiji Railway Kanazu (now Awaraonsen) — Eiheijiguchi section opened. On December 1, 1944 the line was transferred to the Keifuku Electric Railway and the station was renamed Higashi-Furuichi (東古市駅, Higashi-Furuichi-eki). The Kanazu to Higashi-Furuichi section was closed on September 18, 1969. On December 17, 2000, two trains collided just east of the station due to a brake malfunction.
Operations were halted from June 25, 2001 due to a second accident. The spy line to Eiheiji was closed from October 21, 2001. The station was renamed back to its present name on October 21, 2001. The station reopened on July 20, 2003 as an Echizen Railway station. A new station building as completed on April 11, 2014

## Surrounding area

* This station is the closest to the Zen Buddhist temple Eihei-ji. Visitors transfer to Keifuku or Eiheiji community buses at the stop in front of the station.
* Other points of interest include:
** Eiheiji Town Hall, Eiheiji Branch Office
** National Route 364
** National Route 416
** Kuzuryū River
# Andrew Wilkins

Andrew Wilkins (born 12 April 1938) is a South African former cricketer. He played in eleven first-class matches from 1962/63 to 1966/67.
# Michel Ries

Michel Ries (born 11 March 1998) is a Luxembourgish cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Arkéa–B&B Hotels.
In October 2020, he was named in the startlist for the 2020 Vuelta a España.

## Major results
### 2015

    2nd Time trial, National Junior Road Championships

### 2016

    National Junior Road Championships
       1st Time trial
       1st Road race

### 2017

    2nd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships

### 2018

    3rd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships
    9th Overall Giro Ciclistico d'Italia
    10th Overall Tour de l'Avenir

### 2019

    1st Stage 3 Giro della Valle d'Aosta
    7th Overall Tour de l'Avenir
    9th Overall Giro di Sicilia

### 2020

    1st Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships

### 2021

    2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
    7th Mont Ventoux Dénivelé Challenge

### 2022

    2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
    9th Giro dell'Appennino
    9th Mercan'Tour Classic

### 2023

    2nd Road race, National Road Championships

### 2024

    2nd Time trial, National Road Championships

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | — | — | 86 | 25 |
| Tour de France | — | — | — | — | — |
| Vuelta a España | 60 | — | — | 66 | DNF |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Svein-Erik Edvartsen

Svein-Erik Edvartsen (born 21 May 1979) is a Norwegian football referee and sports management professional.

## Career

He debuted as a first division referee on 11 August 2002 in the game between Skeid and Tromsdalen. He debuted as a referee in the Norwegian Premier League in 2006. Edvartsen is also a referee principal in the Norwegian Ice Hockey Federation and represents Hamar IL (football) and Storhamar Dragons (hockey). In 2010, an IK Start chairman called Edvartsen a "Tandori [sic] referee". The case received extensive press coverage. Edvartsen became a FIFA referee in 2013.
He is at present the CEO of the ice hockey club Lørenskog, and has previously been CEO at Storhamar and football club Hamarkameratene.

## Personal life

Edvartsen was born in Oslo on 21 May 1979, and has lived in Norway since. His grandparents are from Pakistan.
# Lead titanate

Lead(II) titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbTiO$_3$. It is the lead salt of titanic acid. Lead(II) titanate is a yellow powder that is insoluble in water.
At high temperatures, lead titanate adopts a cubic perovskite structure. At 760 K, the material undergoes a second order phase transition to a tetragonal perovskite structure which exhibits ferroelectricity. Lead titanate is one of the end members of the lead zirconate titanate (Pb[Zr$_x$T$_{1−x}$]O$_3$, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, PZT) system, which is technologically one of the most important ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics; PbTiO$_3$ has a high ratio of k33 to kp with a high kt.
Lead titanate occurs in nature as mineral macedonite.

## Toxicity

Lead titanate is toxic, like other lead compounds. It irritates skin, mucous membranes and eyes. It may also cause harm to unborn babies and might have effects on fertility.

## Solubility in water

The solubility of hydrothermally-synthesized perovskite-phase PbTiO$_3$ in water was experimentally determined at 25 and 80 °C to depend on pH and vary from 4.9x10$^{−4}$ mol/kg at pH≈3, to 1.9x10$^{−4}$ mol/kg at pH≈7.7, to "undetectable" (<3.2x10$^{−7}$ mol/kg) in the range 10<pH<11. At still higher pH values, the solubility increased again. The solubility was apparently incongruent and was quantified as the analytical concentration of Pb.
# Stenocarpus

Stenocarpus is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating into four parts, followed by fruit that is usually a narrow oblong or cylindrical follicle.

## Description

Plants in the genus Stenocarpus are trees or shrubs with leaves that may be simple, compound or lobed, depending on the species. The flowers are arranged in umbels or racemes at or near the ends of branches and are zygomorphic and bisexual. Four tepals form a flower tube that opens on the lower side at first before separating into four with a spherical end, there are four sessile anthers, the single carpel is stalked and the pollen presenter is an oblique, flattened disc. The fruit is a follicle that usually opens by splitting down one side and contains up to fifty seeds.

## Taxonomy

The genus Stenocarpus was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. The name Stenocarpus means "narrow fruit", referring to the long follicles of most species.

### Species list

The following is a list of Stenocarpus species accepted by Plants of the World Online as at September 2021:
* Stenocarpus acacioides F.Muell. (N.T., W.A.)
* Stenocarpus angustifolius C.T.White (Qld.)
* Stenocarpus comptonii S.Moore (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus cryptocarpus Foreman & B.Hyland – giant-leaved stenocarpus (Qld.)
* Stenocarpus cunninghamii R.Br. – little wheel bush (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
* Stenocarpus davallioides Foreman & B.Hyland – fern-leaved stenocarpus (Qld.)
* Stenocarpus dumbeensis Guillaumin (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus gracilis Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus heterophyllus Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus intermedius Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus milnei Hook. (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus moorei F.Muell. (New Guinea, Qld., N.S.W.)
* Stenocarpus phyllodineus S.Moore (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus reticulatus C.T.White – black silky oak (Qld.)
* Stenocarpus rubiginosus Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus salignus R.Br. – scrub beefwood (N.S.W., Qld.)
* Stenocarpus sinuatus (Otto & A.Dietr.) Endl. – firewheel tree (New Guinea, N.S.W., Qld.)
* Stenocarpus tremuloides Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus trinervis (Montrouz.) Guillaumin (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus umbellifer (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Schltr. (New Caledonia)
* Stenocarpus verticis Foreman (N.T., Qld.)
* Stenocarpus villosus Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)

## Distribution

Twelve species of Stenocarpus are endemic to New Caledonia. Of the ten species found in Australia, eight are endemic, occurring in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. A further two species, S. moorei and S. sinuatus also occur in New Guinea and the Aru Islands.
# Bas van Wegen

Bas van Wegen (born 26 September 1984) is a Dutch footballer who plays for FC Emmen. His former clubs are NAC Breda and HFC Haarlem.
# Hishima Station

Hishima Station (比島駅, Hishima-eki) is an Echizen Railway Katsuyama Eiheiji Line railway station located in Katsuyama, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

## Lines

Hota Station is served by the Katsuyama Eiheiji Line, and is located 26.4 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Fukui.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform serving a single bi-directional track. The station is unattended.

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Katsuyama Eiheiji Line |||||
| Express: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Hossaka | Local | Katsuyama |

## History

Hishima Station was opened on May 1, 1931. Operations were halted from June 25, 2001. The station reopened on October 19, 2003 as an Echizen Railway station.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 8 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* The station is in the middle of a small residential area. The Hishima Citizens' Hall is 100 meters south.
* The Kuzuryū River and Fukui Prefectural Route 168 pass to the north.
# Siviwe Soyizwapi

Siviwe Sonwabile 'Shakes' Soyizwapi (born 7 December 1992 in Maclear) is a South African rugby union player, who is currently contracted by the South African Rugby Union to play for the South Africa Sevens national team. His usual position is fullback or winger.

## Youth rugby

He played for the Border Bulldogs at the Under-18 Academy Week in 2010, earning a call-up to the South African Under-18 High Performance team before joining the Eastern Province Kings Academy. He played for them at the Under-21 Provincial Championship level in 2012 and 2013, finishing the latter competition as the top try scorer.

## Professional career
### Eastern Province Kings

He made his first class debut in the 2012 Currie Cup promotion/relegation series against the Free State Cheetahs. Three appearances followed in the 2013 Vodacom Cup (scoring one try), as well as five appearances in the 2013 Currie Cup First Division (where he scored three tries) before reverting to the U21 side for the remainder of the season.

### Southern Kings

He was initially named in the Southern Kings squad for the 2013 Super Rugby season, but was later released to the 2013 Vodacom Cup squad. Having made just four first-team appearances, he was recalled to the Super Rugby squad following an injury to Hadleigh Parkes, and made his Super Rugby debut in the 28–28 draw against the Brumbies in Canberra. He made three starts and three substitute appearances during the 2013 season.
In June 2014, he was selected in the starting line-up for the Eastern Province Kings side to face Wales during a tour match during a 2014 incoming tour. He played the entire match and scored the first try for the Kings in the 57th minute of the match as the Kings suffered a 12–34 defeat.

### Stormers

Shortly before the start of their 2014 Super Rugby season, the Stormers signed Soyizwapi on a loan deal to provide cover for them at wing and full-back, following injuries to Cheslin Kolbe and Jaco Taute. However, he returned to the Kings shortly afterwards.

## Sevens

In October 2013, Soyizwapi was called into a South Africa Sevens training squad before the 2013 Dubai Sevens. In November 2015, he joined the South African Sevens team on a two-year contract.
In December 2019, Soyizwapi captained the Blitzboks squad in the World Rugby Sevens Series in Dubai. He led the South African Sevens team to the finals against the All Blacks Sevens, earning his very first gold medal with an emphatic 15-0 win on his birthday on 7 December.
In 2022, He was part of the South African team that won their second Commonwealth Games gold medal in Birmingham.
He competed for South Africa at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. They defeated Australia to win the bronze medal final.
# Jean-Marcel Brouzes

Jean-Marcel Brouzes (born 3 June 1953) is a French former cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Pomacea prunella

Pomacea prunella is a species of freshwater snail in the family Ampullariidae. It is known from Brazil and French Guiana. Unlike other New World Ampullariids, P. prunella has a calcified, rather than corneous, operculum.
# Kobunato Station

Kobunato Station (小舟渡駅, Kobunato-eki) is an Echizen Railway Katsuyama Eiheiji Line train station located in the town of Eiheiji, Yoshida District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

## Lines

Kobunato Station is served by the Katsuyama Eiheiji Line, and is located 21.2 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Fukui.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform serving a single bi-directional track. The station is unattended.

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Katsuyama Eiheiji Line |||||
| Express: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Echizen-Takehara | Local | Hota |

## History

Kobunato Station was opened on March 11, 1914. Operations were halted from June 25, 2001. The station reopened on July 20, 2003 as an Echizen Railway station.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 8 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Since the station is nestled between hills to the south and the Kuzuryū River to the north, there are few structures of note. A bridge to the other side of the river is just west of the station.
* Fukui Prefectural Route 168 passes to the south.