OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Treaty of Hampton Court (1562)

The Treaty of Hampton Court (also known as the Treaty of Richmond) was signed on 22 September 1562 between Elizabeth I of England and French Huguenot leader Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé. The treaty was concluded by François de Beauvais, Seigneur de Briquemault. Based on the terms of the accord, 3,000 English troops were summoned to occupy Le Havre and Dieppe. Moreover, Queen Elizabeth promised to provide economic aid to the Huguenots. Once peace was restored in France, Elizabeth refused to withdraw her troops, stating that she had taken Le Havre not for religious reasons but to indemnify her for the loss of Calais, which was rightfully hers. The regent of France, Catherine de' Medici sent both Catholic and Huguenot troops against Le Havre, which surrendered on 28 July 1563. Feeling betrayed by the Huguenots, Elizabeth never trusted them again. This is evident when in 1572, Catherine de' Medici ordered the killing of the Protestant Coligny. This resulted in 3,000 Protestants being killed in what is known as the Massacre of St Bartholomew's Day. Elizabeth was urged to send support to the French Huguenots but refused.

## Motivation

The English Secretary of State, William Cecil was concerned with safeguarding the Protestant cause in Europe, fearing a Catholic alliance of France and Spain if the powerful Guise family gained an upper hand in the French Wars of Religion. Elizabeth I shared her advisor's concern for England's fragile Protestantism, but she was more concerned with the possibility of recovering Calais (lost by Mary I in 1558) which might have occurred had the Huguenots triumphed.
# Niranjan Bhagat

Niranjan Narhari Bhagat (18 May 1926 – 1 February 2018) was an Indian Gujarati language poet, critic and translator who won the 1999 Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati language for his critical work Gujarati Sahiyta – Purvardha Uttarardha. He was also an English poet, and had written over a hundred poems in English, most being written in the style of Gitanjali.

## Early life

Niranjan Narhari Bhagat was born on 18 May 1926 in Ahmedabad. He completed M.A. in English Literature in 1950.

## Career

Bhagat joined L. D. Arts College as a lecturer. Later he joined Saint Xavier's College, Ahmedabad, as a professor of English in 1975 and served there until his retirement. He served as the president of Gujarati Sahitya Parishad in 1997–98. He also served as a member of Advisory Board for Gujarati, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, from 1963 to 1968.
He received Narmad Suvarna Chandrak in 1953 for his book Chhandolay and Sahitya Akademi Award in 1999 for his critical work Gujarati Sahiyta – Purvardha Uttarardha. He also received Kumar Suvarna Chandrak in 1949, Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 1969, Premanand Suvarna Chandrak in 1998, Sachchidanand Sanman in 2000 and the Narsinh Mehta Award in 2001.

## Death

Bhagat died of a stroke on 1 February 2018 at a hospital in Ahmedabad at the age of 91.
# Mahomet-Seymour High School

Mahomet-Seymour High School, abbreviated MSHS, is a public high school in Mahomet, Illinois. It is a part of Mahomet-Seymour Community Unit School District 3.

## History

Mahomet-Seymour High School was built in 1981 and has since undergone expansion as the community of Mahomet continues to grow. The latest expansion was completed in August 2000 and brought 16,000 sq ft (1,500 m$^2$). (when completed the building was over 80,000 sq ft (7,000 m$^2$)) of additional space to the building, increased student capacity to 1,100, and cost $8,701,400. As of the 2022-2023 school year, the school has an enrollment of 987 students and a faculty of fifty-five full-time teachers.
On May 5, 2007, school board members unanimously approved a Mahomet-Seymour Schools Foundation plan to raise money to build a greenhouse. In early 2008, the greenhouse was pronounced to be ready for spring. It is currently fully operational and functional for students in Agriculture classes to use.

## Academics

The Chicago Sun-Times ranked MSHS 34th based on state test scores in 2013.
The Chicago Sun-Times ranked MSHS 28th in 2018-2019.
In 2023, Niche gave MSHS a Niche Grade of A+ and ranked the school #30 out of 696 for Best Public High School Teachers in Illinois. Niche also ranked the school #55 out of 698 for Best Public High Schools in Illinois.
U.S. News ranked MSHS #63 in Illinois High Schools and #1 in the Champaign, IL Metro Area High Schools in 2022.

## Athletics

Mahomet-Seymour High School offers baseball, basketball, cheerleading, cross country, dance, football, golf, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball, and wrestling. They have won 6 IHSA State trophies since 2010.
Mahomet-Seymour High School also offers bass fishing
Mahomet-Seymour boys golf won the 2A IHSA State meet in 2010.
Mahomet-Seymour dance team won the 1A IHSA State meet in 2015.
Mahomet-Seymour boys cross country won the 2A IHSA State meet in 2016 and 2017. They also were runner-up in the 2A IHSA State meet in 2014 and 2015.

## Extracurricular activities

Mahomet-Seymour's marching band, the Marching Bulldogs, placed first out of eight teams in the Fiesta Bowl parade in 2019. Mahomet-Seymour's math team took the state championship in 2021 and 2019, 3rd place in 2018, and back to back champions in 2017 and 2016.
# Severine Niwemugizi

Severine Niwemugizi (born 3 June 1956) is a Tanzanian Roman Catholic prelate who is the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rulenge-Ngara, Tanzania. He was appointed bishop of Rulenge-Ngara on 8 November 1996 by Pope John Paul II.

## Early life and education

He was born in Katoke Village, in Rulenge Diocese, Kagera Region. He attended Tanzanian seminaries, where he qualified to be ordained as a priest in 1984.

## Priest

He was ordained priest of Rulenge Diocese on 16 December 1984. He served in that capacity until 8 November 1996.

## Bishop

On 8 November 1996 the Holy Father appointed him Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rulenge, Tanzania. He was consecrated and installed on 16 February 1997 by the hands of Archbishop Anthony Peter Mayalla, Archbishop of Mwanza assisted by Bishop Paul Runangaza Ruzoka, Bishop of Kigoma and Bishop Aloysius Balina, Bishop of Geita. He celebrated his Silver Jubilee as bishop in February 2022.
Bishop Severine Niwemugizi served as the president of the Tanzania Episcopal Conference (TEC) from 2000 until 2006. From 2012 until 2018, he served as the chairman of the TEC's "Peace and Justice Commission". He is reported to be an outspoken prelate who sometimes gets on the wrong side of politicians and government bureaucrats.
# Ismail Gasprinsky

Ismail bey Gasprinsky (also written as Gaspirali and Gasprinski; Crimean Tatar: اسماعیل بك غصپرینسکی, İsmail bey Gaspıralı; Russian: Исмаи́л Гаспри́нский Ismail Gasprinskii; 20 March [O.S. 8 March] 1851 – 24 September [O.S. 11 September] 1914) was a Crimean Tatar intellectual, educator, publisher and Pan-Turkist politician who inspired the Jadidist movement in Central Asia. He was one of the first Muslim intellectuals in the Russian Empire, who realized the need for education and cultural reform and modernization of the Turkic and Islamic communities. His last name comes from the town of Gaspra in Crimea.

## Biography

Ismail communicated his ideas mainly through the newspaper Terciman he founded in 1883, which existed till 1918. In his publications he called for unity and solidarity among the Turkic peoples and advocated their modernization through Europeanization. Ismail believed that the only way for modernization was through education. He widely advocated for the introduction of an education reform, and criticized the traditional education system in Muslim schools focusing much on religion and devised a new method of teaching children how to read effectively in their mother tongue and introduced curricular reforms.
He supported the creation of a common literary language and therefore developed a "pan-Turkic" language, a simplified form of Turkish omitting words imported from Arabic and Persian, which was intended to be understood by "the boatman of the Bosphorus and by the camel driver of Kashgar." The Tercümen had subscribers in the Caucasus, amongst Muslims in the Russian Empire, Egypt and Iran.
In his 1881 book Russian Muslims he wrote:
   "Our ignorance is the main reason for our backward condition. We have no access at all to what has been discovered and to what is going on in Europe. We must be able to read in order to overcome our isolation; we must learn European ideas from European sources. We must introduce into our primary and secondary schools subjects that will permit our pupils to have such access".
Ismail also initiated a new journal for women, Alem-i Nisvan (Women's World), edited by his daughter Şefiqa, as well as a publication for children, Alem-i Subyan (World of Children). Ismail was one of the founders of Union of Muslims (İttifaq-i Müslimin), created in Saint Petersburg in January 1906 and uniting members of intelligentsia from various Muslim Turkic peoples of the Russian Empire. He was also one of the main organizers of the first All-Russian Muslim congresses, aimed at introducing social and religious reforms among the Muslim peoples of Russia.
He inspired the movement known as Jadidism. In 1912, Gasprinski visited British India.

## Legacy

Ismail Gasprinskyi street exists in Kyiv.

## Awards

* Order of the Medjidie, 4th Class (Ottoman Empire)
* Order of the Lion and the Sun, 3rd and 4th Class (Persia)
* Order of the Noble Bukhara in Gold, 3rd Class (Bukhara Emirate)
* Medal of the Russian Technical Society of St. Petersburg in Bronze
# Ken Holloway

Kenneth Eugene Holloway (August 8, 1897 – September 25, 1968) was an American baseball pitcher. A native of Barwick, Georgia, he played college baseball at the University of Georgia. He then played 11 years in professional baseball as a right-handed pitcher from 1922 to 1932, including nine years in Major League Baseball for the Detroit Tigers (1920–1928), Cleveland Indians (1929–1930), and New York Yankees (1930).

## Early years

Holloway was born in Barwick, Georgia, in 1897. He attended the University of Georgia. In May 1918, he was picked by the Auburn baseball coach in The Atlanta Constitution as a pitcher on the all-star nine of college baseball. Listed at 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m), 185 lb., Holloway batted and threw right-handed.

## Professional baseball

A curveball specialist, Holloway entered the majors in 1922 with the Detroit Tigers, remaining with the club for seven years from 1922 to 1928. He appeared in 237 games for the Tigers, 97 of them as a starter and the rest as a relief pitcher. He compiled 57–46 win–loss record and a 4.41 earned run average (ERA) with the Tigers. His best seasons were 1924 and 1925 when he compiled a combined 27–10 record with a 4.33 ERA. His .700 winning percentage in 1924 was second only to Walter Johnson, and his .765 winning percentage in 1924 was second only to Stan Coveleski. His nine relief victories led the American League in 1924.
In December 1928, Holloway and Jackie Tavener were traded to the Cleveland Indians in exchange for pitcher George Uhle. Holloway appeared in 25 games for the 1928 Indians, 11 as a starter, and compiled a 6–5 record with a career low 3.03 ERA. In 1930, he began the season with Cleveland, appearing in 28 games and compiling a 1–1 record with a career high 8.40 ERA.
On June 30, 1930, Holloway was claimed by the New York Yankees on waivers from the Indians. He appeared in 16 games for the 1930 Yankees, all in relief, had no decision, and compiled a 5.24 ERA in 34+1⁄3 innings pitched.
In nine major league seasons, Holloway posted a 64–52 win–loss record with 293 strikeouts and a 4.40 ERA in 285 appearances, including 110 starts, 43 complete games, four shutouts, 18 saves, and 1,160 innings pitched.
In November 1930, Holloway was traded by the Yankees to the Baltimore Orioles of the International League. He compiled a 15–8 record with a 4.34 ERA in 1931 and a 13–13 record with a 5.29 ERA in 1932.

## Later years

Holloway died in Thomasville, Georgia, at age 71.
# Squabs and Squabbles

Squabs and Squabbles is a 1919 American silent comedy film featuring Jimmy Aubrey and Oliver Hardy.

## Cast

* Jimmy Aubrey as Jimmy
* Oliver Hardy as The Boss (as Babe Hardy)
* Richard Smith
# Nick Sanders

Nicholas Mark Sanders MBE (born 1958) is a British bicyclist, motorcyclist and author noted for his long-distance riding and has ridden around the world seven times.
In 1992 he rode around the world on a Royal Enfield Bullet motorcycle.
On 9 June 1997, Sanders completed a world record 19,930-mile (32,070 km) motorbike circumnavigation of the world in a record riding time of 31 days 20 hours on a Triumph Daytona.
In 2005 Sanders completed a 2nd circumnavigation by motorbike taking 19 days 4 hours on a Yamaha R1.
In the summer of 2011, Sanders became the first person to ride from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego and back in under 49 days, 17 hours, a ride he completed on a Yamaha XT1200Z Super Ténéré. The first leg of the trip was completed in 21 days, just a few hours short of Dick Fish's record ride and easily outpacing the Guinness World Record of 35 days, currently held by Globebusters' Kevin and Julia Sanders.
Sanders normally eschews the dual-sport motorcycles traditionally employed for these type of journeys in favour of Yamaha Motor Company's flagship sport bike, the R1.
Sanders has taken groups of riders around the world, as well as Europe and the USA. He has also organised semi competitive road events in the UK. He has made films and written books about his journeys.
In 1981 Sanders set the original record for World record for cycling around the World, riding 13,609 miles (21,900 km) around the Northern Hemisphere in 138 days. In 1984 he repeated the world cycling circumnavigation riding about 22,000 km in a time of 79 days. Guinness World Records set the rules in 2003 and did not record Sanders' time as he did not cross antipodal points on the globe Sanders still holds the Guinness World Record for fastest ride around the coast of Great Britain, riding a verified 4,800 miles (7,720 km) in 22 days. Sanders has also cycled to the source of the White Nile, across the Sahara to Timbuktu and the length of South America.
In 2024 Nick became the first person to circumnavigate the globe by electric bicycle, a feat that was made all the more difficult by the need to source a battery to power the pedal assist on each new continent.
He has also taken two narrowboats across the English Channel and along the entire length of the Danube to the Black Sea. Sanders holds a private pilot licence for a hot air balloon and flies microlights.
Born in 1958 in Manchester he now lives in Wales and has three children.
Sanders was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to endurance cycling and motorcycling.
# Yatha' Amar Watar

Yatha' Amr Watar bin Yakarib Malik (d. 710 BC) was one of the ancient Mukarrib of Saba, who ruled in the last two or three decades of the eighth century BC.
He is the author of the oldest and most important ancient historical documents related to news of the establishment of the state of Saba, which later turned into a kingdom, during the reign of King Karib'il Watar in the seventh century BC.
According to a special archaeological inscription by the Assyrian king Sargon II and the records of Dur-Sharrukin, Itamra of the Saba paid tribute to Sargon II during the seventh year of his reign, that is, approximately the year 715 BC.

## In Assyrian records

The Sabaean ruler “Yatha Amr Watar” was mentioned during the reign of Sargon II in the year 715 BC, this is in the following phrases:
From Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and “Šamši,” queen of Arabia, and Atamra of Saba’i, and the kings of the coast and the gold desert, special mountain plants, precious stones, ivory, and maple seeds, And various kinds of aromatic herbs, horses, and camels, and they delivered them to me as tribute.”
“From Pharaoh, king of Egypt, Šamši, queen of Arabia, and Atamra of Saba, give me raw gold from the mountains, and horses and camels.”

## In Sabaean inscriptions

The most important source for the era of "Yatha Amr Watar" is a huge inscription discovered in 2005, during excavations carried out by the German Archaeological Institute in the middle of the Almaqah Temple in Sirwah. It is erected in front of the previously discovered inscriptions of Karib Il Watar ibn Dhamar Ali (inscriptions RES 3945 and inscriptions RES 3946, written on opposite sides of the same stone block).These two devotees, each individually, left a wonderful record of his reign through two long inscriptions in the Al-Maqa Temple in the ancient Sabaean city of Sirwah. . Thanks to comparison with Assyrian texts from Mesopotamia, the history of these two inscriptions was identified, and the identity of these two great inscriptions was revealed.
# Vilhelm Magnus

Vilhelm Magnus (1871–1929) was a Norwegian-American neurosurgeon.

## Biography

Magnus born in Fillmore County, Minnesota, United States a Norwegian family. He received his early education in Bergen. Later, he attended a university in Oslo. After graduating in Oslo, he began clinical training in neurology and was among a group of neurologists dissatisfied with the prevailing therapeutic nihilism toward nervous system diseases. Influenced by Victor Horsley, Magnus focused on surgically treatable neurological conditions and worked to establish the field of neurological surgery in Norway.
Magnus published his first scientific paper in 1899. In 1901, he demonstrated the importance of the corpus luteum in the first three weeks of pregnancy. By 1903, he showed interest in the surgical treatment of brain tumors.
# Round Hill Capital

Round Hill Capital LLC (RHC) is a fully integrated real estate investment and management company founded in Delaware, United States of America.
The company has 14 offices globally in the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Spain, Sweden, Ireland, Singapore and the United States. The firm's business model is alleged to be adding to Ireland's housing crisis.

## History

It was founded in 2002 by Michael Bickford, a former Morgan Stanley Real Estate Funds professional.
In 2007, Round Hill Capital acquired the Vitus Group, a German residential real estate operator with over 30,000 apartments in seven countries. Vitus was acquired for 1.3 billion euros ($1.8 billion U.S.).
In 2012, Round Hill Capital acquired the Nido Student Living portfolio from The Blackstone Group. The portfolio comprises 2,500 student beds in three towers in Central London, including the world's tallest student accommodation building at Prodigy Living Spitalfields.
According to Reuters, as of October 2013, Vitus's enterprise value was 1.2-1.4 billion euros ($1.6-1.9 billion USD). At that time, the company had 30,000 apartments. Reuters stated that month that according to four individuals, Round Hill was considering how to sell Vitus. In December 2013, according to Reuters, its sources stated that Round Hill and its fellow co-owners of Vitus Immobilien were in negotiations with Deutsche Annington on selling Vitus to the latter.
Round Hill Capital has also acquired office buildings across Europe, including eight buildings totalling 2.5 million sq ft in Germany, Belgium, Netherlands and Austria.
# Cuban Stars (West)

The Cuban Stars were a team of Cuban professional baseball players that competed in the United States Negro leagues from 1907 to 1930. The team was also sometimes known as the Cuban Stars of Havana, Stars of Cuba, Cuban All-Stars, Havana Reds, Almendares Blues or simply as the Cubans. For one season, 1921, the team played home games in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was known as the Cincinnati Cuban Stars.

## Eastern founding

The Cuban Stars were organized by Abel Linares and Tinti Molina as a traveling team that played only road games. For its first five years, the team competed primarily in the eastern states, near New York City, Philadelphia, and Baltimore although it made a famous sojourn into Chicago in 1910 and 1911, taking on the Leland Giants and numerous semi-pro teams in the Chicago area.

## Move westward

By 1916, however, the team was competing primarily in the midwestern states and a competing Cuban team was organized in the New York area, which was also named the "Cuban Stars." To differentiate between the two teams, this team is known as the "Cuban Stars (West)," and the new team (organized by Alex Pompez) is known as the Cuban Stars (East). In 1919, they were the western champions, having the highest winning percentage of any Negro league team playing in the west.

## League play and demise

From 1920–30, the Cuban Stars competed in the Negro National League.

## Notable players

* José Méndez – P, 1908–12
* José Leblanc – P, 1918–21
* Cristóbal Torriente – OF, P, 1913–18
# Pleistarchus

Pleistarchus (Ancient Greek: Πλείσταρχος Pleistarchos; died c. 458 BC) was the Agiad King of Sparta from 480 to 458 BC.

## Biography

Pleistarchus was born as a prince, likely the only son of King Leonidas I and Queen Gorgo. His grandparents were Kings Anaxandridas II and Cleomenes I. He was born from an avunculate marriage – his parents were uncle and niece. His uncle Cleombrotus was his tutor.
Pleistarchus' father King Leonidas perished in 480 BC at the Battle of Thermopylae. For the early part of Pleistarchus's reign, his uncle Cleombrotus acted as regent; after Cleombrotus's death in 479 BC, Pleistarchus's cousin Pausanias was regent.
It is unknown whether Pleistarchus was married. He died without an heir, and was succeeded by Pleistoanax, son of Pausanias.
He had no known surviving relatives after his death, marking the end of his bloodline.
# Toutle, Washington

Toutle is an unincorporated community in Cowlitz County, Washington.

## Etymology

Both the town and Toutle River, derive their name from a band of the Skillot people of the Chinookan tribe, the Hullooetell.

## Geography

Toutle is located 10 miles (16 km) east of Castle Rock along Washington State Route 504, which is also known as the Spirit Lake Memorial Highway. Toutle is near Mount St. Helens and the Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, which lies at the end of the Spirit Lake Memorial Highway.

## Education

The Toutle community is part of the Toutle Lake School District, a K–12 school district of about 694 students that serves the communities of Toutle and Silver Lake, Washington.
# Setting (narrative)

A setting (or backdrop) is the time and geographic location within a narrative, either non-fiction or fiction. It is a literary element. The setting initiates the main backdrop and mood for a story. The setting can be referred to as story world or milieu to include a context (especially society) beyond the immediate surroundings of the story. Elements of setting may include culture, historical period, geography, and hour. Along with the plot, character, theme, and style, setting is considered one of the fundamental components of fiction.

## Role

Setting may refer to the social milieu in which the events of a novel occur. The elements of the story setting include the passage of time, which may be static in some stories or dynamic in others with, for example, changing seasons.
A setting can take three basic forms. One is the natural world, or in an outside place. In this setting, the natural landscapes of the world play an important part in a narrative, along with living creatures and different times of weather conditions and seasons. The second form exists as the cultural and historical background in which the narrative resides. Past events that have impacted the cultural background of characters or locations are significant in this way. The third form of a setting is a public or private place that has been created/maintained and/or resided in by people. Examples of this include a house, a park, a street, a school, etc.

## Types

Setting may take various forms:
* Alternate history
* Campaign setting
* Constructed world (Worldbuilding)
* Dream world
* Dystopia
* Fantasy world
* Fictional city
* Fictional country
* Fictional crossover
* Fictional location
* Fictional universe
* Future history
* Imaginary world
* Mythical place
* Parallel universe
* Planets in science fiction
* Simulated reality
* Utopia
* Virtual reality