OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Boaz City School District

Boaz City School District is a school district in Marshall County, Alabama serving the city of Boaz. It operates five schools: Corley Elementary School, Boaz Elementary School, Boaz Intermediate School, Boaz Middle School, and Boaz High School. As of the 2017–2018 school year, the district had a student population of 2279 and employed 18 administrators, 154 faculty members and 93 non-faculty staff members.

## Schools

Boaz Elementary teaches Pre-K, Kindergarten and 1st grade. Once students move into 2nd and 3rd grade they attend Corley Elementary and Boaz Intermediate School for 4th and 5th grade. The schools are free to attend for families who reside within the city limits. Those who wish for their children to attend the schools but live outside the city limits must pay $250 per child per school year, not to exceed $600 per household.
# Dolní Třebonín

Dolní Třebonín (German: Unter Breitenstein) is a municipality and village in Český Krumlov District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.
Dolní Třebonín lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Český Krumlov, 14 km (9 mi) south of České Budějovice, and 137 km (85 mi) south of Prague.

## Administrative division

Dolní Třebonín consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Dolní Třebonín (1,060)
* Čertyně (47)
* Dolní Svince (27)
* Horní Svince (26)
* Horní Třebonín (42)
* Prostřední Svince (64)
* Štěkře (20)
* Záluží (71)
# Eretmorhipis

Eretmorhipis (meaning "oar fan" from the Greek ἐρετμόν, "oar", and ῥιπίς, "fan") is an extinct genus of hupehsuchian marine reptiles from the Early Triassic of China. It is currently known from two specimens that were discovered in an exposure of the Jialingjiang Formation in Yuan'an County, Hubei, and referred to the newly named species Eretmorhipis carrolldongi in 2015.
Eretmorhipis carrolldongi is noted for its exceptionally small eyes relative to the body, platypus-like snout, and plates on its back "like a stegosaurus."
One of those specimens, the holotype WGSC V26020, had been known since 1991 and consists of the entire skeleton excluding the skull. The second specimen, IVPP V4070, is an impression of the right side of the back half of the skeleton, as well as part of the right fore limb. Two more specimens were discovered in 2018 at the same location, one of which is almost complete and includes the skull.

## Description

Eretmorhipis was a relatively small reptile, with the second specimen IVPP V4070 measuring about 1 m (3.3 ft) in total body length. It is unique among hupehsuchians in having manual and pedal digits that radiate in a fan-like shape. Like other hupehsuchians, it has three overlapping layers of armor-like osteoderms over its spine, but the osteoderms of the uppermost layer are significantly larger than they are in other hupehsuchians, each spanning the length of four vertebrae. These upper-layer osteoderms are also widely spaced. The torso of Eretmorhipis is elongated and encased in a bony tube formed from thickened ribs and gastralia, similar to the bony tube of the hupehsuchian Parahupehsuchus, but less extensive.

## Discovery

The first specimen, discovered in the 1991, was missing a head. The next, more complete, fossils were found in 2015 by Wong Cheng of the Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey.
University of California, Davis paleobiologist Ryosuke Motani told The New York Times that the animal's odd features initially stunned him: “When I first saw it, I just said ‘What?!’ and didn’t speak for a while.”

## Classification

The authors of the 2015 paper that named Eretmorhipis performed a phylogenetic analysis and found that it was one of the most derived hupehsuchians, forming a clade that they called the Parahupehsuchinae with Parahupehsuchus and an unnamed polydactylous hupehsuchian. Below is a cladogram from their analysis:
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 794

United Nations Security Council resolution 794, adopted unanimously on 3 December 1992, after reaffirming resolutions 733 (1992), 746 (1992), 751 (1992), 767 (1992) and 775 (1992), the Council "[expressed] grave alarm" regarding the situation in Somalia and authorised the creation of the Unified Task Force (UNITAF) to create a "secure environment for humanitarian relief operations in Somalia" in order to provide "essential for the survival of the civilian population". The current resolution determined that "the magnitude of human tragedy caused by the conflict in Somalia, further exacerbated by the obstacles being created to the distribution of humanitarian assistance [constitutes] a threat to international peace and security".
The Council once again, strongly condemned violations of international humanitarian law and demanded the cessation of all hostilities from all parties involved, urging them to co-operate with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali and military, including allowing access by military personnel and humanitarian organisations to the affected population and to ensure their safety. It also authorised a further deployment of 3,500 personnel of the United Nations Operation in Somalia I (UNISOM I) created in Resolution 775 to Somalia and informing it should proceed at the discretion of the Secretary-General.
The resolution went on to endorse a recommendation by the Secretary-General that action should be taken under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter and welcomed offers by Member States concerning the creation of an operation to create a secure environment for humanitarian operations, that later became known as UNITAF. At the time of his report, disarmament and the problem of security was not resolved. The Council authorised such action to be taken by Member States, and appointed an ad hoc commission composed of members of the Security Council to report on the implementation of the current resolution.
Acting under Chapter VII and Chapter VIII, the Council urged states and agencies to ensure strict implementation of the arms embargo against Somalia imposed in Resolution 733. Resolution 794 ended by requiring states participating in UNITAF and the Secretary-General to report regularly on the progress they are making in Somalia so that arrangements can be handed back over to UNISOM II.
Within days of passing the current resolution, on 9 December 1992, the first UNITAF troops arrived in the Somali capital, Mogadishu. It was the first Security Council resolution that authorised the use of force under Chapter VII to deliver humanitarian aid that was being obstructed by warlords, and the fourth major military engagement since the Cold War, following the invasion of Kuwait, the deployment of peacekeepers in Cambodia and a further deployment of peacekeepers in Yugoslavia.
# Cyrilavis

Cyrilavis is an extinct genus of halcyornithid bird from the Early Eocene Fossil Butte Member of the Green River Formation, United States. The genus contains two species, Cyrilavis olsoni and Cyrilavis colburnorum.

## Discovery and naming

A complete skeleton of a bird from the Green River Formation was described as "Primobucco" olsoni in 1976 from the speciment GSATC 217 as a relative to the Bucconidae based on its zygodactyl foot configuration. The specific ephitet olsoni referred to Storrs L. Olson. In 2002, the specimen was recognised as having psittacine affinities by Mayr. In 2010 the genus Cyrilavis was erected to accomdoate the halcyornithid, since it was no longer thought to be closely related to the Bucconidae, with the new name Cyrilavis olsoni. The generic name Cyrilavis is in honour of Cyril Walker, a notable paleontologist of early Cenozoic birds. In 2011, Ksepka et al. described a new species, Cyrilavis colburnorum, with the holotype FMNH PA 754, a nearly complete skeleton. Another specimen of C. colburnorum, FMNH PA 766, preserved both feet and much of the legs and wings. A third specimen is not referred to either species.

## Description

Cyrilavis was a relatively large-headed bird. The beak is about half of the total length of the head, and is dorsoventrally expanded. The lower half of the beak remains shallow while the top half is comparatively tall. As in all other halcyornithids and in the psittacopasseran Psittacopes, the manus is much shorter than the ulna. This is the opposite of the condition found in extant parrots.
Cyrilavis olsoni, whose holotype preserves feathering, shows a halo of feathers around the head, interpreted as a crest.

## Classification

The holotype of Cyrilavis was initially referred to the Primobucconidae, a family of stem puffbirds. Later revisions resulted in the genus' interpretation as a stem parrot. Recent analyses have found that the Halcyornithidae, to which Cyrilavis belongs, diverged before the split between parrots and passerines, meaning it is equally closely related to both orders.
# Peter Randolph (judge)

Peter Randolph (1779 – January 30, 1832) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Mississippi.

## Education and career

Born in Nottoway County, Virginia, Randolph attended the College of William & Mary, and read law to enter the bar in 1806. He was in private practice in Nottoway County from 1806 to 1812, during which time he also served as a lieutenant colonel in the Virginia State Militia from 1807 to 1810, and as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates. He was a Judge of the General Court of Virginia for the 5th Circuit from 1812 to 1820. He then moved to Woodville, Mississippi, where he was a planter and continued his private practice from 1820 to 1823.

## Federal judicial service

Randolph received a recess appointment from President James Monroe on June 25, 1823, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Mississippi vacated by Judge William Bayard Shields. He was nominated to the same position by President Monroe on December 5, 1823. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 9, 1823, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on January 30, 1832, due to his death in Woodville.
# Metropolitan Police Act 1856

The Metropolitan Police Act 1856 (19 & 20 Vict. c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, passed on 28 February 1856. The Act modified the previous two Metropolitan Police Acts of 1829 and 1839, merging the two roles of First Commissioner and Second Commissioner into the single role of Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis and setting up a system of two assistant commissioners under him. The roles of First and Second Joint Commissioner had been filled by Richard Mayne and William Hay until the latter's death in 1855. The Act provided for one of the First and Second Commissioners to become the sole Commissioner as soon as the other one died – effectively it meant that no new Second Joint Commissioner was appointed and Mayne became sole Commissioner. The Act also set the maximum for the Commissioner's annual salary at £1500 and that for each Assistant Commissioner at £800.
The Act also established the Assistant Commissioners as ex officio justices of the peace for all counties then partly or wholly covered by the Metropolitan Police District (i.e. Middlesex, Surrey, Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent, Berkshire and Buckinghamshire). He was not to act as a JP, however, "at any Court of General or Quarter Sessions, or in any Matter out of Sessions, except for the Preservation of the Peace, the Prevention of Crimes, the Detention and Committal of Offenders, and in carrying into execution the Purposes of this Act and the said recited Acts" and like usual JPs could not be elected as a Member of Parliament or vote in some general elections.
In the case of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis being ill or the post being left vacant, either assistant commissioner could be authorised by one of the Principal Secretaries of State to act as acting commissioner. The assistant commissioners were also to be "within the Provisions of the Act of the Session holden in the Fourth and Fifth Years of King William the Fourth, Chapter Twenty-four, in like Manner as if their Offices were enumerated in the Schedule to that Act". It and the Police Rate Act 1868 were modified by the Metropolitan Police Act 1884, adding a third Assistant Commissioner to the existing two and establishing the short titles for 1829, 1839, 1856, 1857 and 1861 Metropolitan Police Acts, the Police Rate Act 1868 and the Metropolitan Police Staff (Superannuation) Act 1875.

## Sources

* Text of the Metropolitan Police Act 1856 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.
* 1 2 The citation of this Act by this short title was authorised by the Short Titles Act 1896, section 1 and the first schedule. Due to the repeal of those provisions it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978.
* ↑ "The Public General Statutes passed inteh forty seventh and forty eighth years of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, 1884, pages 25-26". 26 December 1884.
# Jacques de Mahieu

Jacques de Mahieu, whose real name was Jacques Girault, (31 October 1915 – 4 October 1990) was a French Argentine anthropologist and Peronist. He wrote several books on esoterism, which he mixed with anthropological theories inspired by scientific racism.
He joined the Action Française at a young age. A collaborationist in Vichy France and member of the Waffen-SS, he fled to Argentina after the liberation of France from the Nazis. He became a Peronist ideologue in the 1950s, mentor to a Roman Catholic nationalist youth group in the 1960s, and later in life, head of the Argentine chapter of Spanish neo-Nazi group CEDADE.

## Biography
### Early life and World War II

He was born in Marseille, France. As a young man he was influenced by authors such as Georges Sorel, Charles Maurras, and Alexis Carrel and joined the Action Française.
During World War II, he was a member of the 33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne.
After the liberation of France, he was one of the first to flee to Juan Perón's Argentina through the ratlines organized by Perón. A naturalized Argentine, he became an ideologue of the Peronist movement, before becoming a mentor to a Roman Catholic nationalist youth group in the 1960s.

### Academic career

De Mahieu studied at the Universities of Mendoza and Buenos Aires; he graduated in philosophy, as doctor Honoris Causa of Medicine, doctor in economic sciences, and doctor in political science.
He became a professor of anthropological studies in Buenos Aires as the deputy rector of the Institute of Human Studies (from 1953 to 1955 and again from 1972 to 1976). He also taught economy, ethnography and French at the National University of Cuyo (1948–1955), and at the Universidad del Salvador (1964–1965).
He also was a member of the Academia Argentina de Sociología (1952–1955), and a lecturer with the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic (1961–1971).

### Later life and death

De Mahieu remained in Argentina in his later years. Uki Goñi claims that he was photographed with Carlos Menem during the latter's 1989 presidential campaign. De Mahieu headed the Argentine chapter of the Spanish neo-Nazi group, CEDADE, until his death in Buenos Aires, in 1990.

## Pre-Columbian contact theories

De Mahieu wrote on pre-Columbian America and esoteric Nazism. He traveled to Paraguay for anthropological studies, and claimed the Guayaki tribes were descendants of the Vikings. He allegedly travelled to Brazil in 1974, where he visited the Sete Cidades park in Piauí and considered it a Viking establishment. His books on the Knights Templar allege they settled in Mexico before Columbus.
His books were translated from French to German by Wilfred von Oven, formerly deputy to the Nazi propagandist Joseph Goebbels.

## Economics and politics

Mahieu wrote a book titled The Communal Economy (1964), which was inspired by a social and economic project developed in Mendoza, Argentina. The project ended during the Revolución Libertadora regime, which toppled Juan Perón's government in 1955.
# Tonda L. Hughes

Tonda Hughes is an American professor of nursing (in psychiatry) and associate dean for global health research at the School of Nursing at Columbia University. She is best known for her research of factors influencing the health of sexual minority women (lesbian and bisexual), particularly in the area of substance use. Hughes is the principal investigator of the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women Study, the longest-running longitudinal study of sexual minority women's health, with a focus on alcohol use and mental health.
Hughes is a visiting professor at Oxford Brookes University, and honorary professor at both Deakin University and University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery. Prior to joining Columbia University in 2017, Hughes was a Collegiate Professor and associate dean for Global Health at the University of Illinois-Chicago College of Nursing. She was a visiting professor at the University of Melbourne from 2009-2014. In 2003, Hughes was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame.
In 2001, Hughes was named as a fellow of the American Academy of Nursing. In 2014, she received the Betty Ford Award from the Association of Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse and in 2015 was inducted into the Sigma Theta Tau International Nurse Researcher Hall of Fame. In 2017, Hughes received the Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice Recognition Award.
She is a member of the University of Kentucky Hall of Fame. In 2017, she received the Achievement Award from the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association.

## Personal life

Hughes was raised in rural southeastern Kentucky. Her father, a coal miner, and her mother did not attend college. Hughes is openly lesbian. She came out while studying for a masters degree at the University of Kentucky.
# Battle of Coplé

The Battle of Coplé was a battle in Venezuela, which occurred on 17 February 1860, during the Federal War between the Federalist forces under General Juan Crisóstomo Falcón, and the troops from Conservative government under command of General León de Febres Cordero, with a victory for the latter.

## The battle

The Federalists, after a victorious first campaign, concluded with a victory in the Battle of Santa Inés on 10 December 1859, lost their best military leader Ezequiel Zamora, killed by a sniper during the siege of the town of San Carlos. Juan Crisóstomo Falcón, militarily less talented than his predecessor, took over as head of the Federalist army. Falcón advanced towards Valencia, but so slowly that it gave the Government the opportunity to organize a new army.
Both armies met near the Coplé lagoon, and the Federalist army was completely defeated by the Conservatives after a 55-minute battle. Although their troops were not pursued by the victors, the rout led to the disintegration of the Federalist army, while Falcón and several other leaders of the rebellion fled Venezuela, to seek refuge in the Granadine Confederation (Colombia).

## Consequences

After the Battle of Coplé, the Federal War transformed mainly into guerrilla warfare until the end of 1862, when the Federalists had regained enough strength to fight and win the Battle of Buchivacoa, the third and last major engagement of the war.
# Battle of Słupcza

The Battle of Słupcza took place on 8 February 1863 near the village of Słupcza, Congress Poland, during the January Uprising. Up to 100 Polish insurgents commanded by Leon Frankowski [pl] and Antoni Zdanowicz clashed on that day with a unit of the Imperial Russian Army. The skirmish was won by the Russians.
In late January 1863, an insurgent unit, which was concentrated in Kurów, was forced to leave the town under Russian pressure. Polish unit marched to Sandomierz, but decided not to enter this town, and clashed with Russians near Słupcza. The Russians attacked with two infantry companies and a Cossack unit, defeating main insurgent force. Remnants of Polish insurgents fled to Dwikozy, where they were attacked again. All together, Poles lost 66 men - 28 died in Słupcza, and 38 perished in Dwikozy. Polish commandant Leon Frankowski, who was wounded, tried to hide in Sandomierz, but was quickly captured and sent to a prison in Lublin.

## Sources

* Stefan Kieniewicz: Powstanie styczniowe. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1983. ISBN 83-01-03652-4.
* This article about a battle in Polish history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a battle in Russian history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Battle of Małogoszcz

The Battle of Małogoszcz took place on 24 February 1863 near Małogoszcz in the Holy Cross voivodeship. It was the one of biggest battles of the January Uprising. Polish general Marian Langiewicz began concentrating his forces in the Holy Cross Mountains; he wanted to attack Warsaw with them, but the Russians unveiled his attempts. He was attacked by a few Russian forces simultaneously. Langiewicz defeated them all in many skirmishes. Polish forces grew to 2,600 men most of them peasants armed with scythes. Russian colonel Vladimir Dobrovolsky attacked near Małogoszcz. The Russians shelled Polish positions, but their attack was eventually smashed by a Polish cavalry counterattack. Langiewicz ordered a retreat. The battle was indecisive - the Russians failed to annihilate the Polish army and the Polish failed to defend their positions.
# Battle of James Island (1865)

The Battle of James Island (also known as the Skirmish at James Island) was a minor skirmish near the end of the American Civil War. It was known as the "Last fight for Charleston".

## Background

Since the fall of Morris Island in 1863, no major offensive had been carried out against Charleston. Several small skirmishes and expeditions were carried out against James Island and Johns Island. On February 10, 1865, Union troops from the Northern District of the Department of the South under Brigadier General Alexander Schimmelfennig made one final expedition to James Island. Confederate Major Edward Manigault of the South Carolina Siege Train (Manigault's Battalion) commanded a small force manning rifle pits on the southern edge of James Island at Grimball's Causeway.

## Battle

Early on the morning of February 10, four Union gunboats shelled the Confederate rifle pits while General Schimmelfennig's troops began their landing. The 144th New York Infantry led the main attack against the center of the Confederate line along the causeway. At the same time, the 54th New York Infantry made a charge against the right flank of the Confederate line. Manigault detached a small force from the 2nd South Carolina Artillery along the causeway to reinforce the right. The attack of the 144th New York began to falter but the flank attack succeeded and the Confederates began to give way. Major Manigault was severely wounded and taken prisoner during the fighting. The official records reported that his leg required amputation and he died as a result, although in fact the major survived. The Union forces occupied the Confederate rifle pits following the skirmish.

## Aftermath

The battle proved to be inconclusive when both sides eventually withdrew after making no significant gains. As Union General William T. Sherman’s army moved through South Carolina, the Confederate forces evacuated Charleston. Then on February 18, Schimmelfennig accepted the city's surrender from the mayor.

## Forces

Union 1st Separate Brigade: Brigadier General Alexander Schimmelfennig
* 54th New York Infantry: Colonel Eugene Kolzay
* 144th New York Infantry: Colonel James Lewis
* 32nd U.S. Colored Infantry: Colonel George W. Baird
* 33rd U.S. Colored Infantry (1st South Carolina Infantry): Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson
* 55th Massachusetts Colored Infantry: Colonel Alfred S. Hartwell
Confederate
* 2nd South Carolina Heavy Artillery: Major Edward Manigault
* Palmetto Guard: Captain Benjamin C. Webb
* 1st South Carolina Cavalry, dismounted detachment: Lieutenant William G. Roberts