OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aphanocalyx

Aphanocalyx is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Detarioideae. It includes 14 species native to tropical Africa, ranging from Sierra Leone to Côte d'Ivoire, and from Cameroon to Angola and Tanzania.

## Species

Aphanocalyx includes the following species:
* Aphanocalyx cynometroides Oliv.
* Aphanocalyx djumaensis (De Wild.) J.Léonard
* Aphanocalyx hedinii (A.Chev.) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx heitzii (Pellegr.) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx jenseniae (Gram) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx ledermannii (Harms) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx libellula Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx margininervatus J.Léonard
* Aphanocalyx microphyllus (Harms) Wieringa
** subsp. compactus (Hutch. ex Lane-Poole) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx obscurus Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx pectinatus (A.Chev.) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx pteridophyllus (Harms) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx richardsiae (J.Léonard) Wieringa
* Aphanocalyx trapnellii (J.Léonard) Wieringa
# Apodostigma

Apodostigma pallens is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Celastraceae. It is a liana native to tropical Africa and Madagascar. It grows from 5 to 15 meters tall, with green to yellow-cream flowers. It is the sole species in genus Apodostigma.
Three varieties are recognized:
* Apodostigma pallens var. buchholzii (Loes.) N.Hallé – western and west-central tropical Africa, from Côte d'Ivoire to Angola
* Apodostigma pallens var. dummeri N.Hallé – central Africa, from Cameroon and Gabon to Uganda
* Apodostigma pallens var. pallens – tropical Africa, from Senegal to Ethiopia, Angola, Mozambique, and Madagascar
# Aporrhiza

Aporrhiza is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Sapindaceae.
Its native range is Tropical Africa.
Species:
* Aporrhiza lastoursvillensis Pellegr.
* Aporrhiza letestui Pellegr.
* Aporrhiza multijuga Gilg
* Aporrhiza paniculata Radlk.
* Aporrhiza talbotii Baker f.
* Aporrhiza tessmannii Gilg ex Radlk.
* Aporrhiza urophylla Gilg
# Baphiopsis

Baphiopsis parviflora is an African species of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is the sole species in genus Baphiopsis. It is a shrub or tree which ranges from Cameroon to Tanzania and Angola.
It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It is the only member of the genus Baphiopsis. It was traditionally assigned to the tribe Swartzieae; however, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses reassigned Baphiopsis parviflora into the Baphieae tribe.
# Burkea africana

Burkea africana, the wild syringa (Bambara: siri), is a deciduous, medium-sized, spreading, flat-topped tree which grows in the woodlands and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. It is the sole species in genus Burkea, which belongs to the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the family Fabaceae.
The genus was named in honour of Joseph Burke, the botanist and collector.

## Description

Burkea africana is a tree growing from 4 to 20 meters high. Leaves are bipinnately compound, silvery pubescent or glabrescent. Flowers are creamy white, fragrant and in pendulous racemes of up to 300 mm in length. The bark is toxic, rich in alkaloids and tannins and used for tanning leather. Pulverised bark is thrown into water to paralyse fish.

## Range and habitat

Burkea africana is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal to Sudan and South Africa. It is found in Chad, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Zaire, Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia and South Africa in the Transvaal region.
It is typically found in deciduous woodland and savanna from 270 to 1300 meters elevation. The species is generally absent from humid tropical rain forests.

## Ecology

The foliage is browsed by the larvae of two Saturniidae moths, Rohaniella pygmaea and Imbrasia forda.

## Uses

If cut from the heartwood, it produces durable, insect-resistant timber with a moderately fine, wavy grain which is dark brown to reddish brown, and is used for parquet flooring and fine cabinet and furniture work.
* Flower buds
* Seed pods
* Foliage
# List of ambassadors of the Gambia to the United States

The Gambian ambassador in Washington, D.C. is the official representative of the Government in Banjul to the Government of the United States, he has regularly coacredition at the governments in Ottawa (Canada), Brasília (Brazil), Mexico City (Mexico) and Caracas (Venezuela).

## Embassy

The Embassy of The Gambia in Washington, D.C. is located at 5630 16th Street. It is also listed as being at 2233 Wisconsin Avenue.

## List of representatives

| Ambassador | Diplomatic agreement | Diplomatic accreditation | Background | President of the United States |
| Ousman Ahmadou Sallah | 17 April 1979 | 10 May 1979 | | Jimmy Carter |
| Galandou Gorre-Ndiaye | 7 August 1982 | | Charge d'affaires Former professor, University of Franche-Comté | Ronald Reagan |
| Lamin Abdou Mbye | 26 August 1982 | 8 September 1982 | | Ronald Reagan |
| Ousman Ahmadou Sallah | 12 August 1987 | 20 October 1987 | | Ronald Reagan |
| Crispin Grey-Johnson | 1 September 1997 | 8 September 1997 | | Bill Clinton |
| John Paul Bojan | 2 February 2000 | 3 February 2000 | | Bill Clinton |
| Essa Bokarr Sey | 21 August 2000 | 25 September 2002 | | Bill Clinton |
| Dodou Bammy Jagne | 28 January 2004 | 31 March 2004 | | George W. Bush |
| Tamsir Jallow | 2 May 2008 | 30 June 2008 | Recalled before presenting credentials | George W. Bush |
| Neneh MacDouall-Gaye | 14 May 2009 | 20 May 2009 | Minister of Information and Technology | Barack Obama |
| Alieu Momodou Ngum | 15 May 2010 | 10 August 2010 | | Barack Obama |
| Sheikh Omar Faye | 22 July 2015 | 3 August 2015 | | Barack Obama |
| Ebraima Manneh | | | | Barack Obama |
| Dawda Fadera | | | | |
38°57′30″N 77°02′12″W﻿ / ﻿38.958275°N 77.036758°W﻿ / 38.958275; -77.036758
# Cadia (plant)

Cadia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae which belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It includes 8 species native to northeastern Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Madagascar.
Unlike most plants in the Faboideae, it has radially symmetrical flowers. In related species with bilateral symmetry, such as those of Lupinus, the dorsal (upper or adaxial) part of the flower expresses one or more genes in the Cycloidea (CYC)/Dichotoma (DICH) family. In Cadia, these genes are expressed throughout the flower. Thus, from a molecular point of view, Cadia is not reversing the ancestral evolution from radial symmetry to bilateral symmetry but obtaining radial symmetry from a new mechanism.
Eight species are accepted:
* Cadia commersoniana Baill. – southwestern Madagascar
* Cadia ellisiana Baker – east-central and eastern Madagascar
* Cadia emarginatior M.Peltier – western Madagascar (Boina Region)
* Cadia multifoliolata Nusb. & Labat – Madagascar
* Cadia pedicellata Baker – central Madagascar
* Cadia pubescens Bojer ex Baker – central and east-central Madagascar
* Cadia purpurea (G. Piccioli) Aiton – Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia), Kenya, and Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen)
* Cadia rubra R.Vig. – western Madagascar (Ankara Plateau)
# Robert Archer Cooper

Robert Archer Cooper (June 12, 1874 – August 7, 1953) was the 93rd Governor of South Carolina from January 21, 1919 to May 20, 1922.

## Biography

Born in Waterloo Township, Laurens County, Cooper graduated with a law degree from Polytechnic Institute in San Germán, Puerto Rico. He was admitted to the bar in 1898 and practiced law in Laurens. In 1900, Cooper was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives until 1904, when he was elected the solicitor of the Eighth Judicial Circuit of South Carolina.
Cooper entered the gubernatorial election of 1918 and won the general election without opposition to become the 93rd governor of South Carolina. He continued the progressive policies of his predecessor, Richard Irvine Manning III, by establishing a seven-month school term, mandating compulsory school attendance, expanding health care, and improving the state roadways. These initiatives were paid for by stricter enforcement of existing tax laws and re-evaluating state property. Cooper was elected to a second term in 1920.
He resigned from the governorship in 1922 to accept an appointment to the Federal Farm Loan Board that lasted five years. After this, Cooper returned to the practice of law but was called by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to serve as the General Counsel of the Commodity Credit Corporation. Roosevelt later appointed him in 1934 as Judge of the District Court for Puerto Rico, during which he presided over the trial and retrial for sedition of Pedro Albizu Campos and eight other members of Albizu's Puerto Rican nationalist group Cadets of the Republic. The day after Judge Cooper sentenced the defendants to the U.S. Penitentiary in Atlanta, an unsuccessful assassination attempt was made against him. Cooper held the Puerto Rican position until 1947. Cooper died on August 7, 1953, and was buried at the Laurens City Cemetery in Laurens.

## Legacy

His house at Laurens is included in the South Harper Historic District and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
# Elwood Hamilton

Elwood Hamilton (February 22, 1883 – September 19, 1945) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky.

## Education and career

Born in Benson (an unincorporated community in Franklin County), Kentucky, Hamilton received a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1904. He was in private practice in Frankfort, Kentucky from 1905 to 1922. He was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1912 to 1914. He was a collector of internal revenue for the State of Kentucky from 1917 to 1922, returning to private practice in Louisville, Kentucky from 1922 to 1935.

## Federal judicial service

Hamilton was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 14, 1935, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky vacated by Judge Charles I. Dawson. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 18, 1935, and received his commission on June 20, 1935. His service terminated on April 1, 1938, due to his elevation to the Sixth Circuit.
Hamilton was nominated by President Roosevelt on February 25, 1938, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated by Judge Charles Harwood Moorman. He was confirmed by the Senate on March 1, 1938, and received his commission on March 4, 1938. His service terminated on September 19, 1945, due to his death.
# Bert E. Haney

Bert Emory Haney (April 10, 1879 – September 18, 1943) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

## Early life

Haney was born on April 10, 1879, in Lafayette, Yamhill County, Oregon. The son of John Haney and Mary Haney (née Harris), he attended the local public schools in Lafayette. After completing his secondary education, Haney attended Willamette University in Salem, Oregon. He then graduated from the University of Oregon School of Law in 1903 with a Bachelor of Laws. At the time the school was still located in Portland, Oregon. Haney married Jessie A. Holmes on November 21, 1906.

## Career

On May 28, 1903, Haney passed the bar and was admitted to practice law by the Oregon Supreme Court. He began working for William D. Fenton in June, remaining with him for one year. On July 1, 1904, Haney was selected to serve as a deputy district attorney for Oregon's fourth judicial district, keeping the position until July 1, 1908. A Democrat, he then started a legal partnership with George W. Joseph on that day and remained in private practice until 1918.
During this time, he served as the Chairman of the Oregon Democratic State Committee from 1910 to 1915. Previously he had been secretary of the party's county and city committees from 1904 to 1907. In 1918, Haney left private practice to become the United States Attorney for the District of Oregon. Two years later he returned to private practice in Portland, and from 1922 to 1923 he also was the Chairman of the state's parole board. In 1923, he left his legal practice and became a member of the United States Shipping Board, serving until 1926.
In 1926, Haney ran as the Democratic Party nominee for the United States Senate against Frederick Steiwer and Robert N. Stanfield. After losing to Steiwer, Haney returned to Portland and again resumed private legal practice, practicing until 1935.

## Federal judicial service

Haney was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 21, 1935, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, to a new seat authorized by 49 Stat. 508. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 23, 1935, and received his commission on August 24, 1935. His service terminated on September 18, 1943, due to his death.
# Dais (plant)

Dais is a genus of flowering plants in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is also part of the Gnidia subfamily, along with Gnidia, Drapetes, Kelleria, Pimelea, Struthiola, Lachnaea and Passerina, other genera of species). It is distributed between Tanzania to S. Africa, Madagascar. It is native to the countries of Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and it is also found within several Provinces of South Africa, such as Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces.

## General description

It has deciduous, many-branched shrubs or trees. The bush or tree can reach up to 10 ft. The branches are dark or greyish brown and glabrous (smooth). The leaves are often at the ends of the branches and are opposite or alternate (arranged along the stem). They are petiolate (have a stalk) and have a smooth blade. They have a slightly bluish tinge above and are light green beneath, with the midrib and pinnate lateral veins yellow beneath. The flowers have a dense, peduncle (have a flower stalk) and the terminal head, has involucral bracts (a structure surrounding or supporting, usually a head of flowers) is rigid and persistent. The involucre is four-leaved, It has a spherical head of flowers. It has a cylindric calyx-tube, which is often slightly curved, and is circumscissile (opens at the top) above the ovary. It has 5 (rarely 4) lobes, with the outer lobes slightly larger than the inner. It has no petals, but 10 stamen. It has a single chambered ovary, with one seed or fruit.

## Taxonomy

First published in Sp. Pl. ed. 2 on page 556 in 1762, by Adriaan van Royen, based on an earlier description by Carl Linnaeus.
The genus name is derived from 'Dais' which means a 'torch' in Greek, and it refers to the resemblance of the stalk and bracts holding the flowers to a torch about to be lit.
The type specimen is Dais cotinifolia L.
In 1807, was originally placed within Vipreculae family, (which all had an involucre which was 4 leaved, many flowered, no perianth, one petalled, funnel-formed, tube filiform, and border 5 cleft. There were 3 known species; Dais cotinifolia, Dais ocranda and Dais difperma.
Thomas Moore notes that there was 7 species in the genus in 1874.
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 17 September 1996.

## Species

2 accepted species are known;(according to Kew)
* Dais cotinifolia L. 'African button flower' (from South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
* Dais glaucescens Decne (from Madagascar) (has synonyms Dais madagascariensis Bojer ex Meisn., Dais rhamnifolia Baill. and Lasiosiphon rhamnifolius Baker)
The US-based GRIN only accepts Dais cotinifolia L.

## Uses

Both species are used as ornamentals within gardens, grown for their flowers and the overall appearance.

## Cultivation

Within the garden setting, the plants are frost tender, require full sun and well drained soils. It is recommended to water containerized plants well when in growth and less when leafless. It is possible to propagate the plants, by seed in spring or by semi-ripe cuttings in summer.
# Diaphananthe

Diaphananthe is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. As currently conceived, it contains 33 accepted species, all endemic to sub-Saharan Africa.

## Species

* Diaphananthe arbonnieri Geerinck
* Diaphananthe bidens (Afzel. ex Sw.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe bueae (Schltr.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe ceriflora J.B.Petersen
* Diaphananthe delepierreana J.-P.Lebel & Geerinck
* Diaphananthe divitiflora (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe dorotheae (Rendle) Summerh.
* Diaphananthe eggelingii P.J.Cribb
* Diaphananthe fragrantissima (Rchb.f.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe gabonensis (Summerh.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe garayana Szlach. & Olszewski
* Diaphananthe ichneumonea (Lindl.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe lanceolata (Summerh.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe lecomtei (Finet) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe letouzeyi (Szlach. & Olszewski) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe lorifolia Summerh.
* Diaphananthe millarii (Bolus) H.P.Linder
* Diaphananthe odoratissima (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe pellucida (Lindl.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe plehniana (Schltr.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe rohrii (Rchb.f.) Summerh.
* Diaphananthe sanfordiana Szlach. & Olszewski
* Diaphananthe sarcophylla (Schltr. ex Prain) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe sarcorhynchoides J.B.Hall
* Diaphananthe spiralis (Stévart & Droissart) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe subclavata (Rolfe) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe suborbicularis Summerh.
* Diaphananthe thomensis (Rolfe) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe trigonopetala Schltr.
* Diaphananthe vagans (Lindl.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe vandiformis (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
* Diaphananthe vesicata (Lindl.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward
* Diaphananthe welwitschii (Rchb.f.) Schltr
# Christian Vaupell

Christian Theodor Vaupell (14 October 1821 – 15 September 1862) was a Danish botanist and forester. He was a student of Japetus Steenstrup and a teacher of botany at the University of Copenhagen to the young Eugen Warming.
Vaupell did macrofossil analysis of peat deposits and showed that in the Holocene development of temperate forest communities in Denmark, Betula was the chief early pioneer, followed by Pinus and Quercus and finally Fagus, which dominates today. These investigations pioneered the study of ecological succession. Besides studies of Holocene vegetation change and plant successions, Vaupell did pioneering investigations of palaeoecology as well as microscopy of plant anatomy and vegetative reproduction.

## Selected works

Vaupell, C. (1851) De nordsjællandske Skovmoser. En botanisk-mikroskopisk Undersøgelse af de Plantedele, som danne Tørven og af de Levninger af Fortidens Skove, der ere bevarede i nogle nordsjællandske Skovmoser (Wooded Bogs in Northern Zealand - a botanical-microscopic investigation of the plant parts that make up the peat and of the remains of past forests that are preserved in some wooded bogs in northern Zealand).
Vaupell, C. (1857) Bøgens Indvandring i de Danske Skove (Immigration of the Beech into the Danish Forests). C. A. Reitzels Bo og Arvinger, Kjøbenhavn, 63 pp.
Vaupell, C. (1858) De l’invasion du hêtre dans les forèts du Danemark. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Bot., 4. Series, 7, 55–86.
Vaupell, C. (1863) De danske Skove (The Danish Forests). P. G. Philipsens Forlag, Kjøbenhavn, 309 pp. Foreword by G. Ploug.
# Dischistocalyx

Dischistocalyx is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae.
Its native range is Southern Nigeria to Western Central Tropical Africa.
Species:
* Dischistocalyx alternifolius Champl. & Lejoly
* Dischistocalyx champluvieranus Lejoly & Lisowski
* Dischistocalyx epiphytica Lindau
* Dischistocalyx grandifolius C.B.Clarke
* Dischistocalyx hirsutus C.B.Clarke
* Dischistocalyx klainei Benoist
* Dischistocalyx lithicola Champl. & Ngok
* Dischistocalyx minimus Champl. & Senterre
* Dischistocalyx obanensis S.Moore
* Dischistocalyx rivularis Bremek.
* Dischistocalyx strobilinus C.B.Clarke
* Dischistocalyx thunbergiiflora (T.Anderson) T.Anderson ex B.D.Jacks.
# Herb Brooks National Hockey Center

The Herb Brooks National Hockey Center, also known as the Brooks Center, is a 6,000+ seat ice hockey arena that can seat up to 8,000 in St. Cloud, Minnesota. It is home to the St. Cloud State University Huskies men's & women's ice hockey teams, and the Saint John's University Johnnies ice hockey team. The main rink is named for the late university President Brendan J. McDonald, who advocated the team's move to Division I hockey. The arena consists of a lower and upper deck on the sides the ice. The west end features a few seats, while east contains no seating.
Although it is recorded as having a 5,159 seating capacity, Husky hockey games often draw crowds of more than 6,000. In 2024 Donald Trump held a rally, requiring an expansion to 8,000 indoors and thousands more outdoors. It is also a concert venue, with a capacity of up to 7,763. Graduation ceremonies have also been held at the arena.
The Brooks Arena was once regarded, by a visiting team, as a difficult place to play in the WCHA and NCHC. The notorious "Dog Pound" (St. Cloud's Student Section) regularly attends games.
In 2013, the arena was renamed in honor of former St. Cloud State, University of Minnesota, and Miracle on Ice hockey coach Herb Brooks. The same year, the National Hockey Center reopened after an extensive addition and renovation by JLG Architects which included a new atrium and entrance, west-end seating, expanded suites and club level seating, wider concourses, a new team store and improved training facilities. In 2019, St. Cloud State received further funding for the project, via a $600,000 campaign, that allowed them to finish building a high quality strength and conditioning area; this was originally part of the 2013 renovation, but initial funding fell just short of finishing it at the time.
In 2022, St. Cloud State received $1.3 million in gifts to significantly improve the fan experience at the Brooks Center; these funds were used to replace the analog video scoreboards with the latest in digital technology, add new video boards above the entrances from the concourse in the rink, and to improve the audio and acoustics of the building.
# Duparquetia

Duparquetia orchidacea is a liana which is native to tropical west Africa. It is the only species in the subfamily Duparquetioideae. It is found in humid tropical forests in West and Central Africa. It is a basal member of the Fabaceae, as evidenced by the distinctive structure of its flowers and wood, and phylogenetic studies.