OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flash fire

A flash fire is a sudden, intense fire caused by ignition of a mixture of air and a dispersed flammable substance such as a solid (including dust), flammable or combustible liquid (such as an aerosol or fine mist), or a flammable gas. It is characterized by high temperature, short duration, and a rapidly moving flame front.

## Definition

A flash fire is defined by NFPA 2112 (Standard on Flame-Resistant Clothing for Protection of Industrial Personnel Against Short-Duration Thermal Exposures from Fire) as:
   A type of short-duration fire that spreads by means of a flame front rapidly through a diffuse fuel, such as dust, gas, or the vapors of an ignitable liquid, without the production of damaging pressure.

## Characterization

Flash fires may occur in environments where fuel, typically flammable gas or dust, is mixed with air in concentrations suitable for combustion.
In a flash fire, the flame spreads at subsonic velocity, so the overpressure damage is usually negligible and the bulk of the damage comes from the thermal radiation and secondary fires. When inhaled, the heated air resulting from a flash fire can cause serious damage to the tissue of the lungs, possibly leading to death by asphyxiation. Flash fires can lead to smoke burns.
Flash fire is a particular danger in enclosed spaces, as even a relatively small fire can consume enough oxygen and produce enough smoke to cause death of the persons present, whether by asphyxiation or by smoke inhalation.
Protective clothing made of fire-retardant materials (e.g. Nomex) reduces or prevents thermal injury in the body areas that are covered by the fire-retardant material. Even normal clothing can provide partial protection.

## Surgical

Small flash fires can occur in the operating room during surgery where the presence of ignition sources such as electrical instruments or lasers, an oxygen-rich environment, and flammable vapors (e.g. alcohol-based disinfectants) may set the stage for such an accident. While apparently smaller fires go unreported, surgical flash fires have led to burn injuries and fatalities.
Incidents of surgical fires are "significantly under-reported", according to The Joint Commission. More than half of surgical fires happen inside a patient's airway or on the patient's upper body; around 10 percent of surgical fires actually happen within the body cavity, and a quarter of surgical fires happen on other parts of the body. About 70 percent are ignited by electrosurgical tools commonly known as Bovies, devices that use a high-frequency electric current to cut tissue or stop bleeding. 20 percent of fires are sparked by hot wires, light sources, burrs or defibrillators. Another 10 percent are touched off by lasers.
As far as the patients are concerned, some recover with scars and emotional damage. Some die from burns and smoke inhalation.
# Ihor Rainin

Ihor Lvovych Rainin or Raynin (Ukrainian: Ігор Львович Райнін; born 6 August 1973) is a Ukrainian politician. From February 2015 until August 2016 he was governor of Kharkiv Oblast. On 29 Aug 2016, he was promoted to head of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine. Under a presidential decrees signed on 21 May 2019, he was dismissed by new President Volodymyr Zelensky.

## Biography

In 1997 Rainin graduated from the Kharkiv Aviation Institute, as an engineer. Rainin started his professional life with various job in the engineering field before 2000. In 2000, he graduated from the Kharkiv branch of the Ukrainian Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine. He then had various leading civil service positions in the Kharkiv Oblast administration. From June 2010 till march 2014 Rainin was deputy director of the company "Sintofleks" (located in Kharkiv).
In the 2010 Ukrainian local elections Rainin was elected deputy of the Kharkiv Regional (Oblast) Council (parliament) for the party (of which he also was a member of) "Fatherland". He was placed 8th on the ballot. Rainin became first deputy head of the faction of this party. And he eventually on 20 October 2014 became head of the parliamentary group "Unity of Kharkiv". Having served as deputy chairman of the Kharkiv Regional State Administration from March 2014, he was appointed first deputy chairman the following month. In November 2014, he became a deputy head of Petro Poroshenko's presidential administration. Poroshenko appointed Rainin governor of Kharkiv Oblast on 3 February 2015. Late February 2015 Rainin also became the head of the Kharkiv Oblast branch of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc. In the October 2015 Ukrainian local elections Rainin was elected to the Kharkiv Oblast Council. On 29 Aug 2016 Poroshenko promoted Rainin to head his Presidential Administration. Since Oblast Councils members are able to combine their duties with other work, Rainin kept his seat in the Kharkiv Oblast Council. Under a presidential decrees signed on 21 May 2019 he was dismissed as head of the Presidential Administration by new President Volodymyr Zelensky who appointed Andriy Bohdan in his place.
On 27 November 2018 Rainin was appointed chairman of the Kharkiv Oblast branch of the Opposition Platform — For Life party.
# List of ambassadors of the United States to Croatia

The diplomatic post of United States Ambassador to Croatia was created on April 7, 1992, following Croatia's independence from SFR Yugoslavia and its recognition as an independent state by the United States, although official presence of the U.S. in Croatia began with the establishment of the U.S. Consulate in Zagreb on May 9, 1946.
| Ambassador | Ambassador | Ambassador | Term in office | Term in office | Term in office |
| # | Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Appointed by |
| 1 | | Peter W. Galbraith | June 28, 1993 | January 3, 1998 | Bill Clinton |
| 2 | | William Dale Montgomery | January 8, 1998 | September 17, 2000 | Bill Clinton |
| 3 | | Lawrence G. Rossin | January 19, 2001 | June 27, 2003 | Bill Clinton |
| 4 | | Ralph Frank | July 2, 2003 | January 7, 2006 | George W. Bush |
| 5 | | Robert Bradtke | July 7, 2006 | July 13, 2009 | George W. Bush |
| 6 | | James B. Foley | September 15, 2009 | August 19, 2012 | Barack Obama |
| 7 | | Kenneth H. Merten | October 30, 2012 | July 18, 2015 | Barack Obama |
| 8 | | Julieta Valls Noyes | October 5, 2015 | November 21, 2017 | Barack Obama |
| 9 | | Robert Kohorst | January 10, 2018 | January 20, 2021 | Donald Trump |
| 10 | | Nathalie Rayes | January 25, 2024 | January 20, 2025 | Joe Biden |
# Acanthaecites

Acanthaecites is an extinct cephalopod genus belonging to the ammonoid family Oppeliidae first described by Rollier in 1909. Acanthaecites both appears and disappears from the fossil record during the Callovian stage of the Jurassic Period.
The shell of Acanthaecites is small, globose and smooth except for a median ventral row of distinct sharp serrations.
# Daniel M. Traynor

Daniel Mack Traynor (born 1970) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of North Dakota.

## Education

Traynor earned his Bachelor of Arts from the University of North Dakota and his Juris Doctor, with distinction, from the University of North Dakota School of Law, where he served as an Associate Editor on the North Dakota Law Review.

## Legal career

Upon graduation from law school, Traynor served as a law clerk to Chief Justice Gerald W. VandeWalle of the North Dakota Supreme Court. From 1998 to 2019, he was a shareholder at the Traynor Law Firm in Devils Lake, North Dakota, where his practice focused on insurance defense, personal injury, and business litigation.

## Federal judicial service

On August 28, 2019, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Traynor to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the District of North Dakota. On September 19, 2019, his nomination was sent to the Senate. He was nominated to the seat vacated by Judge Daniel L. Hovland, who assumed senior status on November 10, 2019. Traynor was recommended for the district court by Senator Kevin Cramer, who announced his support for the nomination. On September 25, 2019, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On October 31, 2019, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 12–10 vote. On December 18, 2019, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 51–42 vote. On December 19, 2019, his nomination was confirmed by a 51–41 vote. He received his judicial commission on January 13, 2020.

## Memberships

Traynor is a member of the North Dakota State Board of Higher Education and former Chair of the Disciplinary Board of the North Dakota Supreme Court. He has been a member of the Federalist Society since 2016.
# Duncan Botwood

Duncan Lewis Botwood (born 8 March 1972, Stafford) is a British video game designer and voice actor. He worked for British game developer Rare from 1995 to 2008. He was senior designer at the company. Botwood's first work was GoldenEye 007.
He was one of the first members of the team and worked closely with Martin Hollis and David Doak. Botwood constructed the levels and did most motion capture with head model designer, Beatrix. He next worked on Perfect Dark as level designer, wrote the story of the game and designed the way weapons would work. He later worked on Perfect Dark Zero, designing the multiplayer.
Botwood provided voice talent to some of the projects on which he worked, voicing Andross in Star Fox Adventures and Mr Blonde in Perfect Dark. He had a cameo in GoldenEye 007 as the Naval Officer. Botwood left Rare in 2008 and worked for Ubisoft Montpellier. He then worked at Codemasters before joining Ubisoft Toronto in 2012 as a Lead Level Designer. In 2016 he was promoted to Associate Level Design Director in Watch Dogs: Legion.
# Gomentrude

Gomentrude (c. 598 – fl. 630), also Gomatrude, Gométrude, or Gomatrudis, was a Frankish queen consort by marriage to king Dagobert I. It is possible that Gomentrude was descended from Ragnacaire (fl. 486), king of the Franks in Cambrai, through his son Magnachaire (fl. 555), Duke of the Franks. She was the younger sister of queen Sichilde, third wife of King Clotaire II. Their brother was likely lord Brodulf (assuming Sichilde is the mother of Charibert II), who tried to defend the rights of his nephew on the kingdom of Aquitaine against the ambitions of Dagobert I.
The marriage was arranged against the will of Dagobert in 625. When he became king in 629, he repudiated her one year after his succession, officially because of her claimed infertility.
In 625, Clotaire married her to his own son, Dagobert, who was already king of Austrasia . The ceremony took place in Clichy, at the palace of Reuilly (Romiliacum), or at the royal villa of Clippiacum located in the current commune of Saint-Ouen (Seine-Saint-Denis). Three days later, a violent feud arose between father and son, with the son claiming all of Austrasia. An arbitration of twelve Frankish lords ended up settling the issue in Dagobert's favor. In 629, on the death of Clotaire, Dagobert became the sole king of the Franks. He then repudiated Gomentrude at the palace of Reuilly to marry Nanthild, under a pretext of her infertility. It is unknown what became of Gomentrude after this, although she may have gone to live with her sister-in-law Bruère.
# Nothing, Arizona

Nothing is an uninhabited ghost town in eastern Mohave County, Arizona, United States.

## History

The locals told travelers it "got named by a bunch of drunks." Nothing has frequently been noted on lists of unusual place names.
The settlement was established in 1977 by Richard "Buddy" Kenworthy, located 118 miles (190 km) northwest of Phoenix, and 23 miles (37 km) south of Wikieup, the "rattlesnake capital of Arizona." It is west of Bagdad at milepost 148½ on U.S. Route 93 (the Joshua Forest Scenic Parkway) between Wickenburg and Kingman, on the route from Las Vegas to Phoenix.
The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) installed one of four motorist call boxes on U.S. 93 at Nothing.
The town sign read:
   Town of Nothing Arizona. Founded 1977. Elevation 3269ft. The staunch citizens of Nothing are full of Hope, Faith, and Believe in the work ethic. Thru-the-years-these dedicated people had faith in Nothing, hoped for Nothing, worked at Nothing, for Nothing.
At its height, Nothing had a population of four. The settlement contained a gas station and small convenience store.

## Abandonment

Nothing was abandoned by May 2005 when Kenworthy moved on from the settlement, and by August 2008, the disused gas station was beginning to collapse. An attempted revival of Nothing occurred at some time after August 2008 when Nothing was purchased by Mike Jensen. By April 2009, Jensen had opened his pizza business, run from a portable oven, with hopes of reopening the mini-mart and creating accommodations for RVs.
In April 2011, Nothing was marked as abandoned once again. The building has fresh boards in the windows, and no sign of inhabitance or any activity.

## 2016 promotion

In 2016, Century 21 Real Estate ran a "Give Dad Nothing" promotion where a free 24-hour lease to a piece of property at Nothing, Arizona could be secured for June 19, 2016 (Father's Day) only. The promotion was done with the participation of the current property owner and included a downloadable "Certificate of Nothing" and gift card.
# List of schools in Tulsa, Oklahoma

List of schools in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States:

## Districts
### Public K-12

Tulsa Public Schools is the largest school district in Oklahoma.
The public school districts in the city of Tulsa are:
* Tulsa, Oklahoma Public Schools
* Union, Oklahoma Public Schools

### Private K-12

There are multiple private elementary and middle schools in the Tulsa metropolitan area. Most are affiliated with a specific religion or place of worship. Among the largest are:
* Bishop Kelley High School (9-12) (Catholic, Lasallian)
* Cascia Hall Preparatory School (6-12) (Catholic, Augustinian)
* Holland Hall (Pre-12) (Episcopal)
* Lincoln Christian School (Tulsa, OK) (Pre-12)
* Metro Christian Academy (Pre-12) (Interdenominational Christian)
* Mingo Valley Christian School (Pre-12) (Nondenominational Christian)
* Monte Cassino School (Pre-8) (Catholic, Benedictine)
* Victory Christian School (K-12) (Victory Christian Center Church, interdenominational)
* Augustine Christian Academy (K-12) (Non-denominational, Evangelical)
* Riverfield Country Day School (Infants-12) (Not religiously affiliated)
Other private schools in the Tulsa area include many schools operated by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulsa (sometimes with help from religious orders). Among them are:
* All Saints Catholic School (P-8)
* Holy Family Classical School (P-12)
* Marian Academy (P-5)
* Marquette Catholic School (P-8)
* Saint Catherine School (P-8)
* Saint John Catholic School (K-8)
* Saint Pius X Catholic School (P-8)
* Saints Peter & Paul Catholic School (P-8)
* Saint Joseph Catholic School (P-8)
* School of St. Mary (P-8)

## High schools

* Tulsa Public Schools
** Booker T. Washington High School, Tulsa
** Central High School, Tulsa
** East Central High School, Tulsa
** Edison Preparatory School, Tulsa
** McLain High School for Science and Technology, Tulsa
** Memorial High School, Tulsa
** Nathan Hale High School, Tulsa
** Will Rogers High School, Tulsa
** Daniel Webster High School, Tulsa
* Union Public Schools, Tulsa
** Union High School
* Augustine Christian Academy, Tulsa
* Berryhill High School, Tulsa
* Bishop Kelley High School, Tulsa
* Cascia Hall Preparatory School, Tulsa
* Charles Page High School, Sand Springs
* Dove Science Academy, Tulsa
* Holland Hall, Tulsa
* Metro Christian Academy, Tulsa
* Mingo Valley Christian School, Tulsa
* Riverfield Country Day School, Tulsa
* Tulsa School of Arts and Sciences, Tulsa
* Victory Christian School, Tulsa
* Wright Christian Academy, Tulsa

## Other schools and institutions

* University Language Institute - Tulsa (private English as a second language)
* Discovery School of Tulsa (K-9)
# Journey to the End of Coal

Journey to the End of Coal is a French web documentary directed by Samuel Bollendorff and Abel Segretin.
Based on the choose your own adventure principle, the interactive documentary tells the story of millions of Chinese coal miners who are risking their lives to satisfy their country's appetite for economic growth.

## Award

Journey to the End of Coal won the Prix SCAM 2009 digital interactive artwork award.

## Special screenings

* IDFA Doclab, Amsterdam – November 2008
* Cinema du Réel, Paris – March 2009
* South by Southwest, Austin, Texas – March 2009
* Visions du Réel festival, Nyon, Switzerland – April 2009
* Sunny Side of The Doc, La Rochelle, France – June 2009
* Festival des 4 Ecrans, Paris, France – October 2009
* Sheffield Doc/Fest, Sheffield, UK – November 2009
# Cupid Angling

Cupid Angling was a 1918 silent film starring Ruth Roland, and was the only feature film photographed using the Douglass Natural Color process.
The film was produced by Leon F. Douglass's National Color Film Company in the Lake Lagunitas area of Marin County, California, and was made in the Douglass Natural Color process. Douglass was also a partner in the founding of the Victor Talking Machine Company.
The film stars Ruth Roland and Albert Morrison, and has walk-on appearances by Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks.
This film is now considered a lost film.
# Standard Fireworks

Standard Fireworks is a former British-based firework company, now a brand name of the Chinese firm Black Cat Fireworks.

## History

Standard's history began in 1891, when it was founded by James Greenhalgh in Huddersfield. Due to expansion, in 1910 the firm moved to its current site in Crosland Hill where, during the First and Second World Wars, the company produced munitions for the war effort. After the Second World War the company expanded its operations with two new sites in South Elmsall.
In 1959 the company was floated on the Stock Market and a period of domination in the UK fireworks industry began, with many retailers having to wait several years for an account with the company. In 1988 Standard bought Brocks Fireworks Ltd. This led to all firework activity being transferred to the Huddersfield site making Standard one of the largest employers in the Yorkshire region, with over 500 workers.
In 1998 Standard went into receivership. They were purchased by China-based Black Cat Fireworks, bringing an end to production in the UK. The Standard brand is now one of several trading names of Black Cat in the UK, with the former Standard offices now the UK headquarters for this operation.
A box of Standard Fireworks was at the centre of a story that comedian Bob Mortimer told on the TV show Would I Lie To You?
# Peter Ceffons

Peter Ceffons (French: Pierre Ceffons, Latin: Petrus de Ceffons Clarevallensis; fl.1340s) was a French Cistercian theologian and scholastic philosopher, who became Abbot of Clairvaux. He is considered an early humanist for his style.
He lectured on the Sentences at Paris in the late 1340s, using angle as a metaphor. He was influenced by Adam Wodeham, Gregory of Rimini and John of Mirecourt.
He wrote a satirical work Epistola Luciferi ad Cleros, an attack on the secular clergy; it is dated to 1352.
# Georgette Kellini

Dr. Georgette Sobhi Kellini is an Egyptian politician and human rights activist.
Born in Cairo to a Coptic Christian family, Georgette Kellini holds a doctorate in international trade law. She has served as a Member of the Parliament of Egypt, and is a member of the National Council for Human Rights.
# Phillip S. Figa

Phillip Sam Figa (July 27, 1951 – January 5, 2008) was an American attorney and jurist who served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.

## Early life and education

Born in Chicago, Illinois to Polish Jewish immigrants, Figa attended Northwestern University "through a scholarship caddie program at a nearby country club". He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from Northwestern in 1973, and a Juris Doctor from Cornell Law School in 1976.

## Career

Figa was in private practice in Denver, Colorado, from 1976 to 2003.
Figa was one of five people recommended by Senators Ben Nighthorse Campbell and Wayne Allard for a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Colorado after Richard Paul Matsch entered senior status. On June 9, 2003, he was nominated by President George W. Bush for the role. Figa was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 2, 2003, and received his judicial commission on October 6, 2003.

## Illness and death

In March 2007, Figa was diagnosed with an aggressive brain tumor. He continued to serve until his death. He died on January 5, 2008, in his home in Greenwood Village, Colorado.
# David C. Bury

David Charles Bury (born December 9, 1942) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona.

## Education and career

Born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Bury received a Bachelor of Science from Oklahoma State University in 1964 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Arizona College of Law in 1967. He was in private practice in Tucson, Arizona, from 1967 to 2002.

## District court service

On September 10, 2001, Bury was nominated by President George W. Bush to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Arizona created by 114 Stat. 2762. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 15, 2002, and received his commission on March 19, 2002. He took senior status on December 31, 2012, and was succeeded by Judge James Alan Soto.

## Sources

* David C. Bury at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
Legal offices :
| Preceded bySeat established by 114 Stat. 2762 | Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona 2002–2012 | Succeeded byJames A. Soto |
# Telemark Kollektivtrafikk

Telemark Kollektivtrafikk was a Norwegian bus company that operated the city buses in Grenland, Telemark. The company held a public service obligation (PSO) contract with the County of Telemark for city buses in Porsgrunn and Skien.
The company held the PSO contract for five years from June 27, 2005, and was owned by Nettbuss Sør (73%) and Telemark Bilruter (27%). The company operated three Metrobuss (Metro bus) lines (M1 - M3) and four Pendelbuss (Commuter bus) routes (P4 - P7). The M routes normally had a headway of 15 minutes while the P routes have a nominal headway of one hour.
In early 2011, Telemark Bilruter sold their part of the company to Nettbuss Sør, who merged it into their own operations.
# Ronald B. Leighton

Ronald Bruce Leighton (born 1951) is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington.

## Education and career

Born in Stockton, California, Leighton received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Whitworth College in 1973 and a Juris Doctor from the University of California, Hastings College of Law in 1976. He was in private practice in Tacoma, Washington, from 1976 to 2002.

## Federal judicial service

On January 23, 2002, Leighton was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington vacated by Robert Jensen Bryan. Leighton was confirmed by the United States Senate on November 14, 2002, and received his commission on November 26, 2002. He assumed senior status on February 28, 2019. He retired from active service on August 31, 2020.

## Post-judgeship

Since September 1, 2021, Leighton has been of counsel at FAVROS Law.