OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Johnshaven

Johnshaven is a coastal village along the North Sea located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. About 2 miles (3 km) southwest of Johnshaven lies Milton Ness, which includes a red sandstone cliff landform.
The flax industry, sailmaking and fishing have historically been an integral part of Johnshaven life and economy.
Johnshaven has a primary school.

## Ancient history

Some of the nearest Bronze Age archaeological recoveries are situated somewhat to the north near Stonehaven at the Fetteresso and Spurryhillock sites.

## Harbour

By 1847 the natural inlet near the village had been protected by "high water rocks" deposited to offer protection Not until 1871 was the first harbour created: the enclosed area now to the north side. This was adapted in 1884 creating a breach in the southern breakwater to create an inner harbour, and only this double barrier offered Johnshaven protection from the harsh North Sea too which it is highly exposed. Due to multiple rocks flanking the harbour entrance, the harbour is frequently hazardous in bad weather.

## Local media

Alongside the commercial enterprise of the local newspaper, The Mearns Leader, Johnshaven has a Local Community Radio Station in Mearns FM. Broadcasting from nearby Stonehaven in the Townhall, Mearns FM helps to keep Johnshaven up to date with local and charity events, as well as playing a little music. Staffed completely by volunteers, Mearns FM is run as a not for profit organisation, broadcasting under a Community Radio licence, with a remit to provide local focus news events and programming. Jointly funded by local adverts and local and national grants, Mearns FM has one of the largest listening areas of any Community Radio Station owing to the Mearns' distributed population. Mearns FM was set up to try to bring these distant communities together.

## Community groups

Johnshaven contains many prominent community groups.
Benholm and Johnshaven Community Council holds its monthly meetings in Johnshaven village hall on the 2nd Wednesday of each month.
SHARK a small environmental group aims to promote and protect the wildlife and habitats of the local area.
The Johnshaven Parish Church building (Church of Scotland) was put up for sale in summer 2015. For a number of years, the congregation had been united with St Cyrus, to form Mearns Coastal Parish Church. This parish also includes the historic parishes of Benholm and Garvock. Every summer a hugely popular Holiday Club is run in the village hall.

## Transport

Johnshaven was served by Johnshaven railway station, on the Montrose and Bervie Railway from 1865 to 1951. The town is today accessed off the A92 coast road that connects Fife and Stonehaven, where it joins the A90 and continues northward to Aberdeen and beyond. Stagecoach run two bus routes that serve Johnshaven; the X7 Coastrider that stops outside Johnshaven on the A92, and the 107 which also serves the hub of the village too.
# Tripoli

Tripoli or Tripolis (from Ancient Greek: Τρίπολις, meaning "three cities") may refer to:

## Places
### Greece

* Tripolis (region of Arcadia), a district in ancient Arcadia, Greece
* Tripolis (Larisaia), an ancient Greek city in the Pelasgiotis district, Thessaly, near Larissa
* Tripolis (Perrhaebia), a district of three cities in ancient Perrhaebia, Thessaly, Greece
* Tripolis (region of Laconia), a district in ancient Laconia, Greece
* Tripoli, Greece, a modern city in Arcadia regional unit, Peloponnese region

### Lebanon

* Tripoli, Lebanon, the second largest city in Lebanon
** Tripoli District, Lebanon, a district in North Governorate
** Tripolis (region of Phoenicia), a maritime district in ancient Phoenicia
** County of Tripoli, one of the medieval Crusader states centered in Tripoli, Lebanon
** Eyalet of Tripoli, a province of the Ottoman Empire centered in Tripoli, Lebanon
* Port of Tripoli (Lebanon)

### Libya

* Tripoli, Libya, the capital of Libya
** Tripoli District, Libya, one of Libya's districts
** Tripolitania, a historic region of Libya
*** Ottoman Tripolitania, frequently described as the "Kingdom of Tripoli"
*** Tripolis (region of Africa), a district in ancient Tripolitania
*** Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, historical polity

### Turkey

* Tripolis on the Meander, an ancient city In Asia Minor, on the borders of Lydia, Caria and Phrygia
* Tripolis (Pontus), an ancient Greek city in the Pontus region of Turkey
** Tirebolu, the modern city in Giresun Province, Turkey, taking its name from and located on the site

### United States

* Tripoli, Iowa, a city in Bremer County, Iowa, United States
* Tripoli, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community in Wisconsin, United States
* New Tripoli, Pennsylvania, a village in Pennsylvania, United States

## People

* Leo of Tripoli (early 10th century), a Greek renegade and fleet commander for the Abbasid Caliphate
* Melisende of Tripoli (fl. around 1160), daughter of the ruler of the Crusader County of Tripoli, Lebanon
* Salvatore Tripoli (1904–1990), American professional boxer and Olympic medalist
* Tony Tripoli (born 1969), American actor and LGBT rights activist
* Jaman Tripoli (fl. 1998-2005), American soccer player
* Pietro Tripoli (born 1987), Italian footballer

## Entertainment

* Tripoli (film), a 1950 American adventure film
* "Tripoli", a song by Matthew Good Band from The Audio of Being
* "Tripoli", a song by Pinback from Pinback
* Moses Tripoli, a reincarnation of the character Hanzee Dent in the TV show Fargo

## Sport

* AC Tripoli, an association football club in Tripoli, Lebanon
* Al Mouttahed Tripoli, or United Club Tripoli, a sports club in Tripoli, Lebanon
* Asteras Tripoli F.C., an association football club in Tripoli, Greece
* Tripoli Grand Prix, a car race held between 1925-1940 outside Tripoli, Libya

## Other uses

* USS Tripoli, various US Navy ships
* Rotten stone, a polishing agent also known as tripoli
# Akshaya Persaud

Akshaya Persaud (born 1 July 1997) is a Guyanese cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Guyana in the 2017–18 Regional Four Day Competition on 4 January 2018. In October 2019, he was named in the Combined Campuses and Colleges squad for the 2019–20 Regional Super50 tournament and made his List A debut on 6 November 2019.
Persaud represented Guyana at the first-class level after progressing through the under-15, under-17 and under-19 levels, and was a standby player on the West Indies under-19 team for the International Cricket Council's (ICC) 2016 Youth World Cup.
Persaud is one of four siblings, and his younger brother Ajita Persaud plays as well in the regional West Demerara Cricket Association. He is captain of the Cornelia Ida Cricket Club as well as a certified level two coach. When not playing, he is working on obtaining his degree in business management.
# HD 101584

HD 101584 is a suspected post-common envelope binary about 1,800 to 5,900 light-years distant in the constellation of Centaurus. The system is bright at optical wavelengths with an apparent visual magnitude of about 7. The primary is either a post-AGB star, but more likely a post-RGB star. The secondary is a red dwarf or possibly a low-luminosity white dwarf, which orbits the primary every 150-200 days. The system is surrounded by a slowly rotating circumbinary disk, probably with a face-on orientation towards the solar system and a size of about 150 astronomical units.

## Variability

In 1991, Jean Manfroid et al. published photometry that showed that HD 101584 is a variable star. HD 101584 has been given the variable star designation V885 Centauri. The International Variable Star Index states that the star varies between visual magnitude 6.90 and 7.02, over a period of 87.9 days. However Koen and Eyer detected, in the star's Hipparcos data, an oscillation of the star's brightness with a period of 6.744 days and an amplitude of only 0.02 magnitudes.

## Nebula

The Hubble Space Telescope image shows a diffuse circumstellar environment with a circular ring around HD 101584. ALMA mapped the nebula around HD 101584 and was able to map the region close to the central binary. The nebula consists of a central compact source, an equatorial density enhancement (disk), a high-velocity bipolar outflow and an hourglass structure surrounding the outflow. The outflow reaches a maximum velocity of about 150 km/s and is inclined to the line of sight by 10+10 −5°. There is evidence for a second bipolar outflow with a different orientation from the major outflow. The inner disk, heated to 1540 K, currently has been sublimated by the increasing luminosity of the star.

## Evolution

The companion of this system was captured a few hundred years ago, for example when the red giant reached its critical size. It spiralled towards the red giant but stopped before it merged with the core of the primary. During this stage the outer layers of the red giant were ejected. During the common envelope phase the red giant phase of the primary was terminated and the core was revealed. Later, the bipolar jets formed and met the ejected material, forming the hourglass-shaped structure. Ejected material shows prominent spectral features of magnesium, while outer ejected structures contain methanol and formaldehyde.
# Caricaceae

The Caricaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, found primarily in tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. They are usually short-lived evergreen pachycaul shrubs or small to medium-sized trees growing to 5–10 m tall. One species, Vasconcellea horovitziana is a liana and the three species of the genus Jarilla are herbs. Some species, such as the papaya, bear edible fruit and produce papain.
Based on molecular analyses, this family has been proposed to have originated in Africa in the early Cenozoic era, ~66 million years ago (mya). The dispersal from Africa to Central America occurred ~35 mya, possibly via ocean currents from the Congo delta. From Central America, the family reached South America 19-27 mya.
The family comprises six genera and about 34-35 species:
# University of Pharmacy, Mandalay

The University of Pharmacy, Mandalay (Burmese: ဆေးဝါး တက္ကသိုလ် (မန္တလေး), pronounced), located in Mandalay, is one of two pharmacy schools in Myanmar. The university offers a Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) degree which is a 4-year full-time.
# The Botataung

The Botataung (Burmese: ဗိုလ်တထောင် သတင်းစာ) was a national Burmese language daily newspaper based out of Yangon in Myanmar. The paper, founded in 1958 by Thein Pe Myint, was arguably the leading leftist newspaper prior to its nationalization in 1964 by General Ne Win's government. It became one of four Burmese-language dailies allowed to publish in the 1970s and 1980s although all the papers were owned and controlled by the military government and they all published more or less the same news articles. The Botataung did not survive the military government's cuts in the number of newspapers in the early 1990s.
The Botataung took its name from Yangon's Botataung Township, where its main headquarters was located.
# Andaw-thein Temple

Andaw Thein (Burmese: အံတော်သိမ်ဘုရား amtau sim bhu.ra:, Burmese pronunciation: Añṯotheiñ hpăyà) is a Buddhist temple in Mrauk U located at the northeast corner of the Shite-thaung Temple. The name means 'Tooth Shrine'. It contains a tooth relic of the Buddha brought over from Sri Lanka. It was first built as an ordination hall between 1515 and 1521 by King Thazata, and restored by Min Bin between 1534 and 1542. It was later expanded into a temple by King Raza II in order to house a tooth relic of the Buddha he brought back from his pilgrimage to Ceylon, either in 1596 or 1606–1607.
# N'Mai River

The N'Mai River or N'Mai Hka (Burmese: မေခမြစ်, Burmese pronunciation:) is a river in northern Myanmar (Burma).

## Course

The N'Mai runs parallel to the Mali River, and has its source in the Himalayan glaciers of eastern Tibet at about 28° north latitude. It is not navigable because of strong currents. The N'mai ends at its confluence (Myit-son) with the Mali River in Kachin State where the two rivers combine to form the Ayeyarwady River.
The confluence is "one of the most significant cultural heritage sites for the Kachin people and an important landmark for all of Burma." Construction of the Myitsone Dam has begun at this confluence.

## History

The British forester and ornithologist, Bertram E. Smythies studied the area in the 1940s. More recently, Kalaya Lu, Assistant Lecturer in the Department of Botany at Myitkyina University between 2002 and 2006, published a paper on plant diversity in the river watershed, concluding that it consists of different ecosystems, ranging in elevation from 800 metres to more than 4,600 metres, and containing some of the richest areas of Sino-Himalaya flora diversity in the world.
In 2007, the government of Myanmar signed an agreement with China Power Investment Corporation to construct a series of dams on the Ayeyarwady, Mali, and N’Mai rivers. For the N'Mai, one on the Mali, and one at the confluence, up to five dams were proposed. This dam, the largest of the seven, would destroy the confluence. Construction started in 2008 and a local protest about one of the dams at Chibwe met with government suppression.
# Htantabin Township

Htantabin Township (Burmese: ထန်းတပင် မြို့နယ်, pronounced) is a township located on the western border of central Yangon Region, Burma (Myanmar). Its administrative seat is Htantabin which is located in the southeastern part of the township on the western bank of the Hlaing River just south of its confluence with the Kokkowa River.
The township is partially urbanized, although it is not part of the city of Yangon. The majority of the land is still in agriculture. In addition to agricultural work on the farms, the main sources of employment are as factory workers, temporary manual labor, as civil servants, and work in a variety of small to medium-size businesses. Htantabin township is home to the University of West Yangon.
The township will be home to a 270 megawatt coal-fired power plant built by Htoo Trading, which will supply electricity to Yangon's industrial zones.

## Communities

There are 59 Village Tracts in the township consisting of 230 villages.

## Human Rights Violations in the Region

On 29 December 1994 at 11:00 p.m., SLORC troops from IB 73 threw a grenade into a crowd while they were holding a religious ceremony in In Gyin Koe Village, Htantabin Township, Pegu Division, causing the deaths of 10 villagers and wounding 24 others. [PDC]
On February 5, 1998, Burmese Army troops tortured, shot and killed a pastor, Maung Ohn Kyi, and his son-in-law in Kawtupoe village of Htantabin township.

## Borders

The township's eastern border is formed by the Hlaing River. Its southwestern boundary is formed by the Panhlaing River and part of its western border is formed by the Bawle River. Htantabin Township borders with:
* Zalun Township, Ayeyarwady Region, to the northwest;
* Taikkyi Township to the northeast and east;
* Hmawbi Township and Shwepyitha Township to the east;
* Hlaingthaya Township to the southeast;
* Twante Township to the southwest; and
* Nyaungdon Township and Danubyu Township of Ayeyarwady Region, to the west.
# Sheila K. McCullagh

Sheila Kathleen McCullagh MBE (3 December 1920 – 7 July 2014) was a British author of children's literature.

## Biography

McCullagh was born in Surrey, and during her 'teens the family moved to Woodside House, just outside Felmersham on the road to Chellington. She wrote A Survey of the Parish of Felmersham in the year 1939-1940, over 120 pages handwritten on lined paper. It included samples of aggregate taken from the river and pressed flowers and crops collected from the land.
Her work was first published in the 1950s, when she was working as a lecturer at Leeds University. From 1958 to 1963 she taught at a teacher's college in London, Ontario before taking up writing full time. She went on to write many children's fantasy and educational books, the Puddle Lane series being among the most popular and successful. A television adaptation of the book series starred and featured original music by Neil Innes.
McCullagh spent many years lecturing in Canada and travelled to most corners of the globe, including travel to the Antarctic with Keith Shackleton and Peter Scott. She was also a devout Anglican.
During her career she wrote over 300 titles. In 2006 she signed a deal with the publisher Mercury Junior to bring her books back into print.
After many years in Cornwall and then retirement in Bath, where she lived with her partner Lois for 20 years, McCullagh moved to a care facility in Wiltshire. Her health had been in decline for some years. She died on 7 July 2014 in Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire, aged 93.

## Books

* Dragon Pirate Stories
* Griffin Pirate Stories
* Puddle Lane
* The Village with Three Corners (or One Two Three and Away)
* Tim and the Hidden People (series)
* Hummingbirds
* Seahawk
* Buccaneers (series) - illustrated by Derek Collard
* Adventures in Space
* Little Dragons

## Television

* Puddle Lane
# Pyinbya

Pyinbya (Burmese: ပျဉ်ပြား, pronounced; 817–876) was the king of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) who founded the city of Pagan (Bagan) in 849 CE.$^{:106}$ Though the Burmese chronicles describe him as the 33rd king of the dynasty founded in early 2nd century CE, modern historians consider Pyinbya one of the first kings of Pagan, which would gradually take over present-day central Burma in the next two hundred years. He was the paternal great-grandfather of King Anawrahta, the founder of the Pagan Empire.

## Chronicle tradition

According to the Burmese chronicles, the future king was born to King Saw Khin Hnit of Pagan. He was born in either 817 CE (or 802 CE). He was lord of Pyinbya village of Pagan prior to his accession, and known as Pyinbya Mintha. He succeeded his brother King Khelu as king in 846 CE. He founded the city of Pagan on 23 December 849 (6th waxing of Pyatho 211 ME). He also founded a settlement of Taungdwin in 857, perhaps the southernmost limit of his nascent kingdom. He died in 876 CE at age 59 (in his 60th year). (Note that main Burmese chronicles do not agree on his regnal years or birth and death years. The oldest chronicle Zatadawbon Yazawin is considered to be the most accurate for the Pagan period.) The table below lists the dates given by four main chronicles, as well as Hmannan's dates when anchored by the Anawrahta's inscriptionally verified accession date of 1044.
| Chronicles | Birth–Death | Age | Reign | Length of reign |
| Zatadawbon Yazawin | 817–876 | 59 | 846–876 | 30 |
| Maha Yazawin | 817–858 | 41 | 846–858 | 12 |
| Yazawin Thit and Hmannan Yazawin | 802–878 | 76 | 846–878 | 32 |
| Hmannan adjusted | 830–906 | 76 | 874–906 | 32 |
Pyinbya was succeeded by his son Tannet.

## Scholarship views

According to mainstream scholarship, Pyinbya is one of the earliest kings of Pagan, founded by the Mranma (Bamar / Burmans) of the Nanzhao Kingdom. Pagan is the first known Burman settlement in the Irrawaddy valley, following the devastating raids into upper Irrawaddy valley by Nanzhao that lasted from the 750s to the 830s. After the attacks, which left the Pyu states severely weakened, large numbers of Mranma warriors of Nanzhao and their families remained in the upper Irrawaddy valley. Pagan was founded as a fortified settlement along a bend in the Irrawaddy river. The new settlement may have been designed to help the Nanzhao pacify the surrounding countryside. It was a certainly a strategic spot, close to the Chindwin river and just to the west of a richly irrigated rice plain.
Pagan was one of several competing city-states until the late 10th century when it grew in authority and grandeur. Two hundred years after Pyinbya founded Pagan, his great-grandson Anawrahta went on to create the Pagan Empire, the first ever unification of the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery.
# Shwetaungtet

Thiri Thihathura Shwetaungtet (Burmese: သီရိ သီဟသူရ ရွှေတောင်တက်; also Anawrahta I of Sagaing; 1313–1339) was king of Sagaing from 1335/36 to 1339. He came to power by deposing his father Tarabya. He was assassinated three years later by the loyalists of his father.

## Brief

His father Tarabya was a commoner stepson of King Thihathu of Pinya; his mother, whose identity is unknown, may have been of royal descent. Shwedaungtet was likely born in either 1313 in Pinya or c. 1312 in Pinle. From 1315 onwards, he grew up in Sagaing as Tarabya followed Prince Saw Yun's insurrection of Thihathu in 1315.
Shwedaungtet's stature likely grew after his father succeeded Saw Yun as ruler of Sagaing in 1327. While Tarabya may have been a regent on behalf of Saw Yun's young children—the eldest son Kyaswa was not yet 4—Shwedaungtet was nearly ten years older than Kyaswa. Although Shwedaungtet's claim to the throne was weaker than those of the three sons of Saw Yun, he eyed the throne nonetheless. He decided to act before his cousins reached teenage years. In 1335/36, he successfully staged a palace coup and imprisoned his father.
The usurper, now with the reign names of Anawrahta and Thiri Thihathura however could not eliminate Saw Yun's children. The dowager Queen Saw Hnaung with the help of Chief Minister Nanda Pakyan hid the children (and Thado Hsinhtein, the husband of the eldest child Soe Min Kodawgyi) in faraway Mindon inside Pinya territory. She had to continue bribing the powerful minister, who may have also been her lover.
In 1339, Shwedaungtet located the whereabouts of his cousins, led an expedition into Pinya territory, brought them back to Sagaing. But he was assassinated c. August 1339, soon after he got back to the Sagaing Palace, by the loyalists of his father the deposed king. Chief Minister Nanda Pakyan's forces ultimately defeated Tarabya's loyalists in the ensuing battle. The powerful minister ordered the execution of Tarabya, and placed Kyaswa on the throne.

## Chronicle reporting differences

The royal chronicles do not agree on his birth, death and reign dates.
| Source | Birth–Death | Age | Reign | Length of reign |
| Zatadawbon Yazawin | 23 September 1313 – 1339 | 28 [sic] (29th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 |
| Zatadawbon Yazawin (reconciled) | 23 September 1313 – 1339 | 25 (26th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 |
| Maha Yazawin | c. 1321–1339/40 | 18 (19th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 |
| Yazawin Thit | c. 1312–1339/40 | 27 (28th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 |
| Hmannan Yazawin | c. 1312–1339/40 | 27 (28th year) | 1336/37–1339/40 | 3 |
# Anna Maria Peduzzi

Anna Maria Peduzzi (12 July 1912 – 23 August 1979) was an Italian racecar driver. She raced from the 1930s to the 1950s, mostly in her native Italy. She is the first driver on record to have raced for Scuderia Ferrari. During her career, she also raced for Alfa Romeo, Stanguellini and Fiat.

## Biography

Peduzzi was born in Olgiate Olona, a small town close to Milan. In 1934 she married race car test driver Franco Comotti from Bergamo. In 1933 she bought an Alfa Romeo 6C 1500 Gran Sport Testa fissa which she raced alone and occasionally with her husband, such as when they drove for Ferrari in the 1934 Mille Miglia, winning the 1.5 litre class and finishing 13rd overall.
As ardent anti-fascists, Peduzzi and Comotti ended up having troubles with Benito Mussolini. The couple relocated to Paris in 1936 where they made their home until the end of World War II in 1945. During this period she suffered from polio.
Following the end of the War, Peduzzi reprised her racing career. From 1952 to 1956 she raced Stanguellini 750 cc race cars. From 1956 to 1959, she mainly raced a 2-litre Ferrari 500 TR, initially teaming-up with Belgian driver Gilberte Thiroin.