OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Roe (rugby union)

John Roe (born 10 April 1977 in Brisbane) is an Australian physician and a former international rugby union player. He played in the back row for the national team and captained the Queensland Reds in Super Rugby. Roe was educated at Brisbane Boys' College. He graduated in medicine on 15 December 2006 from the University of Queensland.

## Career

Roe played for Queensland for the first time in a match against the visiting United States team on their 1999 tour to Australia.
In 2001 he made his Super Rugby debut for the Queensland Reds, in a match against the Highlanders, a New Zealand side from Dunedin. He went on to make appearances for both Australia A and the Australian sevens team. In 2003, Roe made his test debut for the Wallabies against Namibia at the 2003 Rugby World Cup held in Australia.
He played his 50th game for the Queensland Reds in the 2004 Super 14 season against the Crusaders, scoring a try in the match.
Roe retired from playing at the age of 31 after the 2008 Super 14 season, following a career-ending shoulder injury.
# 1949 Emperor's Cup

Statistics of Emperor's Cup in the 1949 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 5 teams, and University of Tokyo LB won the championship.

## Results
### Quarterfinals

* Kandai Club 5–2 Aisho Club

### Semifinals

* University of Tokyo LB 7–1 Toyo Industries
* Nittetsu Futase 0–4 Kandai Club

### Final

* University of Tokyo LB 5–2 Kandai Club
University of Tokyo LB won the championship.
# Felicità tà tà

Felicità tà tà is a studio album by Italian singer and actress Raffaella Carrà, released in 1974 by CGD. The album contains such hits of the singer as "Rumore" and "Felicità tà tà", which became the title theme of the 1974 TV show Canzonissima.
Although the album initially failed to chart, in 2024, due to the anniversary reissue from Sony Music, it reached 48th place in the Italian chart. It was also certified platinum in Italy.

## Personnel

* Raffaella Carrà – vocals
* Paolo Ormi – arrangement (tracks A1–A3, A5, B3, B5, B6)
* Shel Shapiro – arrangement (A4, B1, B2, B4)
* Giulio Natalucci – make-Up
* Chiara Samugheo – photograph
* Bruno Vergottini – stylist
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.

## Charts

2024 chart performance for Felicità tà tà :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Italian Albums (FIMI) | 48 |
| Italian Physical Albums (FIMI) | 14 |
# 1884 Colchester earthquake

The Colchester earthquake, also known as the Great English earthquake, occurred on the morning of 22 April 1884 at 09:18. It caused considerable damage in Colchester and the surrounding villages in Essex. In terms of overall destruction caused it is certainly the most destructive earthquake to have hit the United Kingdom in at least the last 400 years, since the Dover Straits earthquake of 1580.

## Earthquake

At 9:18 am the earthquake struck, centred mainly in the villages of Wivenhoe, Abberton, Langenhoe, and Peldon causing the surrounding area to rise and fall violently as the waves spread, lasting for around 20 seconds. Measuring 4.6 on the Richter scale, the effects were felt across England, as well as in northern France and Belgium.
It is believed that the earthquake resulted from movement along a fault in the ancient Palaeozoic rocks that underpin most of Essex, causing waves to propagate through the overlying Cretaceous and Tertiary layers.
The British Geological Survey estimates that the 1884 earthquake's magnitude was only around 4.6 on the Richter scale, compared with 6.1 for the 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake.

## Damage

The earthquake damaged about 1,250 buildings, including almost every building in Wivenhoe and Abberton, and in settlements all the way to Ipswich. The medieval church in Langenhoe was significantly damaged, as were those in the villages of Layer-de-la-Haye, Layer Marney, Layer Breton, and Peldon. In Peldon, the local newspapers claimed that every building had been damaged in some way. The Guardian reported that the earthquake was greeted with terror by the people near Colchester.
There are some reports that between three and five people were killed by the earthquake, but this has been disputed by other contemporary accounts and later analysis, which suggest that there were no fatalities directly caused by this event. The Times reported damage "in the many villages in the neighbourhood from Colchester to the sea coast", with many poor people made homeless, and estimated the cost of the disaster at £10,000. It did, however, mention the death of a child at Rowhedge, attributed to the earthquake. Mary Saunders, of Manningtree, drowned herself in the River Stour some days later. The large waves caused by the earthquake destroyed many small craft.
Langenhoe Church was badly damaged. Masonry tumbled off the tower, crashing into the roof of the nave and chancel. The nearby rectory was also damaged.
# Battle of Fort Pitt

The Battle of Fort Pitt (in Saskatchewan) was part of a Cree uprising coinciding with the Métis North-West Rebellion in 1885. Cree fighters began a series of attacks on Canadian settlements on April 2. On April 15, they captured Fort Pitt from a detachment of North-West Mounted Police.

## Background

In the Canadian North-West, a period of escalating unrest immediately preceded the rebellion as Ottawa refused to negotiate with its disaffected citizens. While the Métis under Louis Riel declared a provisional government and mobilized their forces, Cree chief Big Bear was not planning any militarization or violence toward the Canadian settlers or government. Rather, he had tried to unify the Cree into a political confederacy powerful enough to oppose the marginalization of native people in Canadian society and renegotiate unjust land treaties imposed on Saskatchewan natives in the 1860s.
This nominally peaceful disposition was shattered in late March by news of the Métis victory over government forces at Duck Lake. Support for Riel was strong among First Nations people. On April 2, Big Bear's warriors attacked the small settlement of Frog Lake, killing nine officials and civilians. Big Bear, against his wishes, was drawn into the rebellion.
Other attacks then took place, with Cree fighters pillaging the towns of Lac La Biche, Saddle Lake, Beaverhill Lake, Bear Hills, Lac St. Anne and Green Lake. These events prompted the mobilization of the Alberta field force under Thomas Bland Strange and two other columns of government milita units. Cree fighters defeated units of the Alberta Field Force at the Battle of Frenchman's Butte.

## Battle

On April 15, 1885 Cree fighters descended on Fort Pitt. They intercepted a small police scouting party, killing a constable, wounding another, and captured a third. Surrounded and outnumbered, garrison commander Francis Dickens (son of famed novelist Charles Dickens) capitulated and agreed to negotiate with the attackers. Big Bear released the police officers under Dickens's control but kept the townspeople as hostages and destroyed the fort.
Inspector Dickens and his men eventually reached safety at Battleford, having walked six days. Dickens's decision not to fight to defend the townspeople was later criticized.

## Legacy

In the spring of 2008, Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport Minister Christine Tell proclaimed in Duck lake, that "the 125th commemoration, in 2010, of the 1885 Northwest Resistance is an excellent opportunity to tell the story of the prairie Métis and First Nations peoples' struggle with Government forces and how it has shaped Canada today." Fort Pitt, the scene of the Battle of Fort Pitt, is a Provincial Park and National Historic site where a National Historic Sites and Monuments plaque designates where Treaty six was signed.
# Tophane Agreement

The Tophane Agreement was a treaty between the Principality of Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire signed on 5 April [O.S. 24 March] 1886 during an ambassadorial conference in Istanbul. The agreement was named after the Istanbul neighborhood Tophane, located in Beyoğlu district, where the treaty was signed.
Signed by the Ottoman Grand Vizier Mehmed Kamil Pasha and the Bulgarian foreign minister Iliya Tsanov, as well the ambassadors of the Great Powers, the agreement recognized the Prince of Bulgaria (Alexander of Battenberg at the time) as Governor-General of the autonomous Ottoman Province Eastern Rumelia. In this way, the de facto Unification of Bulgaria which had taken place on 18 September [O.S. 6 September] 1885, was de jure recognized.
As compensation, the Ottoman Empire received the area around Kardzhali, as well as the Republic of Tamrash, for a total area of 1,640 km$^2$. With this treaty, the territory of the unified Bulgaria became 94,345 km$^2$. Bulgaria later regained the lands lost in this treaty following victory in the First Balkan War (1912–13).
# List of cities in the Baltic states by population

This is a list of cities in the Baltic States by population. The population is measured within city limits on a national level, independently, by each statistical bureau: Central Statistic Bureau of Latvia, Statistics Estonia and State Data Agency of Lithuania. Of the top 30 cities by population in the Baltics, 15 are Lithuanian, 10 are Latvian, and 5 are Estonian.
| Rank | City | Population | Date | Country |
| 1. | Vilnius | 607,404 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 2. | Riga | 605,273 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 3. | Tallinn | 457,572 | 2024 | Estonia |
| 4. | Kaunas | 303,978 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 5. | Klaipėda | 160,885 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 6. | Šiauliai | 111,971 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 7. | Tartu | 097,759 | 2024 | Estonia |
| 8. | Panevėžys | 085,774 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 9. | Daugavpils | 077,799 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 10. | Liepāja | 066,680 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 11. | Jelgava | 054,701 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 12. | Narva | 053,360 | 2024 | Estonia |
| 13. | Jūrmala | 052,154 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 14. | Alytus | 050,741 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 15. | Pärnu | 041,520 | 2024 | Estonia |
| 16. | Marijampolė | 036,240 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 17. | Kohtla-Järve | 033,434 | 2024 | Estonia |
| 18. | Mažeikiai | 033,303 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 19. | Ventspils | 032,634 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 20. | Jonava | 026,680 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 21. | Rēzekne | 026,131 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 22. | Utena | 025,587 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 23. | Kėdainiai | 023,323 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 24. | Ogre | 022,767 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 25. | Valmiera | 022,376 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 26. | Ukmergė | 021,954 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 27. | Telšiai | 021,834 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 28. | Tauragė | 021,404 | 2025 | Lithuania |
| 29. | Jēkabpils | 021,150 | 2024 | Latvia |
| 30. | Visaginas | 019,114 | 2025 | Lithuania |
# Terricola (subgenus)

Terricola is a subgenus of voles in the genus Microtus. The authority for this taxon is Fatio in 1867. Earlier use of the name by John Fleming has no formal taxonomic standing. Species in this subgenus are:
* Bavarian pine vole (Microtus bavaricus)
* Calabria pine vole (Microtus brachycercus)
* Daghestan pine vole (Microtus daghestanicus)
* Mediterranean pine vole (Microtus duodecimcostatus)
* Felten's vole (Microtus felteni)
* Gerbe's vole (Microtus gerbei)
* Liechtenstein's pine vole (Microtus liechtensteini)
* Lusitanian pine vole (Microtus lusitanicus)
* Major's pine vole (Microtus majori)
* Alpine pine vole (Microtus multiplex)
* Savi's pine vole (Microtus savii)
* European pine vole (Microtus subterraneus)
* Tatra pine vole (Microtus tatricus)
* Thomas's pine vole (Microtus thomasi)
# 1891 United Kingdom census

The United Kingdom Census 1891 was a census of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland carried out on Sunday 5 April 1891. A question was added to record the number of rooms in a household, in response to concerns about overcrowding in cities. This was also the first census to employ women census takers and the first to ask in Wales about the ability to speak the Welsh language.
The total population of England, Wales and Scotland was recorded as 33,015,701.
# Kelso, New South Wales

Kelso is a suburb of Bathurst, in New South Wales, Australia, located within the Bathurst Regional Council area.

## History

Kelso was the original European settlement in the area. In 1816, the initial settlement of Bathurst was established on the eastern banks of the Macquarie River, in current-day Kelso. The first ten farmers in Kelso were each given 50 acres (20 ha); five were newborn colonials and five were immigrants.

## Heritage listings

Kelso has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* 71-85 Gilmour Street: Holy Trinity Anglican Church

## Sights

Holy Trinity Church was the first inland church in Australia. It was built in 1835 to serve the Anglican parish of Kelso. It was the first Australian church consecrated by a bishop. The church has a close association with early settlement west of the Great Dividing Range. The church is surrounded by an historical cemetery, which contains many of the Kelso/Bathurst district's pioneers.

## Education

Opening in 1976 and formally known as Kelso High School, the Kelso High Campus makes up the Denison College of Secondary Education along with Bathurst High Campus.

## Former station

Kelso previously had a railway station on the Main Western line. It opened on 4 February 1875 and was closed on 6 April 1975. It is now served by coach services.
| Preceding station | Former services | Former services | Former services | Following station |
| Bathursttowards Bourke | | Main Western Line | | Raglantowards Sydney |
# Belgian general strike of 1893

The general strike of 1893 (French: grève générale de 1893, Dutch: algemene staking van 1893) was a major general strike in Belgium in April 1893 called by the Belgian Labour Party (POB–BWP) to pressure the government of Auguste Beernaert to introduce universal male suffrage in elections. The general strike was the first called in Belgium and a decisive moment for the nascent socialist movement in Belgium. According to the historian Carl J. Strikwerda, it was the first true general strike in the history of Europe.

## Strike

The general strike was called on the evening of 11 April 1893 after politicians of Catholic and Liberal parties joined to block a proposal to expand the suffrage. It lasted from 12–18 April. Conservatives, led by the Catholic Prime Minister Auguste Beernaert, feared a full revolution and clashes broke out between strikers and the military. According to Henri Pirenne, the strike was only called under pressure from the miners of the Borinage and its rapid spread took the POB–BWP leadership, under Emile Vandervelde, by surprise. Between 13 and 20 strikers were killed. In total, approximately 200,000 workers participated in the strike. In the face of determined opposition, the Parliament caved to the Socialist demands and introduced the original reforms, increasing the franchise ten-fold.
The first elections under the reformed franchise took place in October 1894. It did not benefit the POB–BWP as much as expected. The rise of Social Catholicism, introduced by the Papal encyclical Rerum novarum in 1891, was one of the factors which prevented rapid socialist growth. The elections however brought socialist deputies into parliament for the first time and led to the beginning Liberals' decline from one of the two dominant parties in Belgian politics. Neal Ascherson argued that, after 1894, "the deepest preoccupation of politics was the determination of Catholic and Liberal to keep the Socialists out of power." The POB-BWP adopted a new manifesto, the Charter of Quaregnon, the same year which would remain the party's doctrine until 1979.
The issue of electoral reform remained controversial until World War I and further general strikes on questions of franchise reform occurred in 1902 and 1913. The 1913 strike lead to the promise of reform to the plural voting system, but this was halted by the outbreak of World War I and subsequent German occupation. Plural voting was finally abolished in 1919 and universal suffrage, giving the vote to all Belgian women, was only introduced in 1948.
# Lloyd Stearman

Lloyd Carlton Stearman (October 26, 1898 – April 3, 1975) was an American aviator, aircraft designer, and early aviation entrepreneur.

## Biography

Stearman was born in Wellsford, Kansas. From 1917 – 1918, he attended Kansas State College (later renamed Kansas State University) in Manhattan, Kansas, where he studied engineering and architecture. In 1918, he left school to enlist in the U.S. Naval Reserve in San Diego, California; while there he learned to fly Curtiss N-9 seaplanes.
During the mid-1920s Matty Laird, designer of the Laird Swallow aircraft, hired Stearman as a mechanic, giving him his first exposure to fixed-wing aircraft manufacturing. In 1925, Stearman and Walter Beech teamed up with Clyde Cessna to form the Travel Air Manufacturing Company. In 1926, Stearman left to form his own manufacturing company in California, Stearman Aircraft. In 1927, he moved the company back to Wichita.
Following World War II, many Stearman PT-13 primary trainers were converted to agricultural aircraft; In 1948 more than 4,345 Stearman aircraft were used in agricultural flying.
In 1929, Stearman Aircraft merged with Boeing Airplane Co., Boeing Aircraft of Canada, Varney Airlines, National Air Transport, Pacific Air Transport, Boeing Air Transport, Hamilton Standard Propeller, Sikorsky, Pratt & Whitney, Chance Vought, Northrop and United Airports of Connecticut to become United Aircraft and Transport Corporation, owned by William Boeing. Stearman held the position of President of the Stearman Division until 1930, followed by his resignation in 1931.$^{:108–110}$
In 1932, Stearman, Robert Gross, Walter Varney and others, bought Lockheed Aircraft Company. Stearman was named president and Carl B. Squier vice president.$^{:110}$
In 1935, Stearman resigned from Lockheed, and from 1936 through 1938, partnered with Dean Hammond to form the Stearman-Hammond Aircraft Corporation to produce the Stearman-Hammond Y-1. In 1955, Stearman rejoined Lockheed as an engineer, where he retired in 1968.$^{:25–27}$
Stearman died of cancer on April 3, 1975, at home in Northridge, Los Angeles.

## Legacy

In recognition of his contributions to the aircraft industry, Lloyd Stearman was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio in July 1989.
# Yano Station

Yano Station (矢野駅, Yano-eki) is a passenger railway station located in Aki-ku in the city of Hiroshima, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Lines

Yano Station is served by the JR West Kure Line, and is located 84.4 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Mihara.

## Station layout

The station consists of two opposed ground-level side platforms connected by an elevated station building. The station is staffed.The design of the current station building is based on the motifs of the old machiya (traditional Japanese townhouses) and the curve of kamoji (a traditional toupée), which was once a representative industry of the Yano district.

## Platforms

| 1 | ■ Y Kure Line | for Kure and Mihara |
| 2 | ■ Y Kure Line | for Hiroshima |

## History

Yano Station opened on 27 December 1903. With the privatization of the Japan National Railway (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the aegis of the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 7717 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

The station is located is a residential area and shops are scattered here and there. There is a Self-Defense Forces garrison on the north side of the station, an industrial park on the northwest side of the station, and Hiroshima Prefectural Aki Minami High School and Saiseikai Hiroshima Hospital are located nearby.
# Dean

Dean may refer to:

## People

* Dean (given name)
* Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin
* Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk
* Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean
* Dean Swift, a sobriquet for Jonathan Swift

## Titles

* Dean (Christianity), persons in certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy
* Dean (education), persons in certain positions of authority in some educational establishments
* Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, most senior ambassador in a country's diplomatic corps
* Dean of the House, the most senior member of a country's legislature

## Places

* Dean, Victoria, Australia
* Dean, Nova Scotia, Canada
* De'an County, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China

### United Kingdom

* Dean, Bedfordshire
* Dean, Cumbria
* Dean, Lynton and Lynemouth, a location in Devon
* Dean, Trentishoe, a location
* Dean, Dorset, a location
* Dean, Bishops Waltham, a location in Hampshire
* Dean, Sparsholt, a location in Hampshire
* Dean, Lancashire, a location
* Dean, Oxfordshire
* Dean, Somerset, a hamlet in Cranmore
* Dean Village, Edinburgh
* Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire
* Dene (valley), common toponym in England, often rendered 'dean' in place names

### United States

* Dean, Iowa, an unincorporated community
* Dean, Nevada, ghost town
* Dean, Pennsylvania, a borough
* Dean, Texas, a city

## Other

* Dean (film), a 2016 American film starring Demetri Martin
* Dean College, a private college in Franklin, Massachusetts
* Dean Foods, a dairy processor in Dallas, Texas
* Dean Guitars, American manufacturer of guitars and other stringed instruments
* Dean number, a dimensionless group in fluid mechanics, which occurs in the study of flow in curved pipes and channels
* Dean Trust, a group of schools in Manchester, England and the surrounding area
* Beast of Dean, a legendary creature said to live in the Forest of Dean, England
* Hurricane Dean, 2007 Atlantic hurricane
* USS Dean II, a United States Navy patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1918
* The Dean, a hotel in Providence, Rhode Island
# Henry Cohn

Henry Cohn is an American mathematician. He is a principal researcher at Microsoft Research and an adjunct professor at MIT. Cohn graduated from Harvard University in 2000 with a doctorate in mathematics. Cohn was an Erdős Lecturer at Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2008. In 2016, he became a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society "for contributions to discrete mathematics, including applications to computer science and physics."
In 2018, he was awarded the Levi L. Conant Prize for his article “A Conceptual Breakthrough in Sphere Packing,” published in 2017 in the Notices of the AMS.

## Research

In 2003, with Chris Umans, Cohn initiated a group-theoretic approach to matrix multiplication, and is a core contributor to its continued development with various coauthors.
In 2004, Cohn and Noam Elkies used linear programming methods to prove upper bounds on sphere packings in all dimensions. Their conjecture 8.1 suggested "magic" optimizing functions existed in dimensions 2, 8, and 24.
In March 2016 Maryna Viazovska published an arXiv preprint with such a magic function - a weakly holomorphic quasimodular form - proving the optimality of the E$_8$ lattice packing. Cohn contacted Viazovska, and within a week, Cohn, Abhinav Kumar, Stephen D. Miller, Danylo Radchenko, and Viazovska had similarly solved the sphere packing problem in 24 dimensions via the Leech lattice Λ$_{24}$.