# Pototan

Pototan (Kinaray-a: Banwa ka Pototan, Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Pototan, Tagalog: Bayan ng Pototan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 78,298 people.
In December 1997, it was declared as the "Christmas Capital of Western Visayas" because of its famed Christmas Festival of Lights.

## History
### Early history

The first people of Pototan were the family of Datu Ramon, grandson of Datu Puti, a Malay from the town of Dumangas. They first settled at Barangay Naslo, which was formerly the poblacion (town center). In that place was found a luxuriant growth of trees called "putat", after which the place was subsequently called "Kaputatan" or "place of many Putat trees." However, due to its hilly terrain and poor water supply, they decided to move nearer the bank of the Suage River, now called Pototan.
In the middle of the 16th century, the Chinese traders arrived in Pototan.

### Spanish era

The arrival of the Spaniards in 1593 sparked new changes in the socio-economic and political life of the natives. It was the start of a new era, the natives were converted to Catholicism through the efforts of Augustinian Friars. The settlement was subsequently made into a Parish. Education, though at the onset only for the privileged few, was introduced. The name "Kaputatan", which the Spanish have difficulty pronouncing, was changed to "Pototan".
The Spanish built roads and bridges. Don Tomas Sajen and Don Escribano supervised the construction of the Tribunal (municipal hall) with the natives contributing the labor. The Tribunal withstood World War II and in the early 50s was modified into what is now the Western Visayas Hospital.
In 1874, Pototanons began to run their own political affairs with the appointment of Don Juan Marcelo as the first Capitan Municipal. This form of government continued until the arrival of the Americans.
During the incumbency of Capitan Municipal Braulio Peñaranda in 1891, there was a cholera outbreak.
During the Philippine Revolution, Pototanons such as Teresa Magbanua (known as the Joan of arc of the Visayas) and her two brothers, Elias and Pascual Magbanua took up arms and joined the revolution.
The Americans arrived after Spain ceded Philippines to the United States in 1898. The remaining Spanish population fled to the hills together with many Filipinos including the last Gobernadorcillio, Don Maurilio Mendoza. He was later held prisoner by the Americans but subsequently named the first Municipal President.

### American era

Under the Americans, the natives were granted the freedom of speech and worship. Education was liberalized; more and better roads and bridges were constructed. Improvements were also noticed in the economic, social and cultural life of the people.
During the incumbency of Mun. President Maurillo Mendoza, the Pototanons again witnessed another unforgettable event: the burning of the entire half of the poblacion in November 1914. The cause of the fire is unknown.
When the Philippine Constitution was ratified in 1935, another change in the town's local governance was introduced: the title of Municipal President was changed to Municipal Mayor. Santiago Puig was the first Municipal Mayor. He was succeeded by Mariano Peñaflorida in 1940. Peñaflorida served until September 16, 1942.

### World War II

The coming of the Japanese during World War II spread chaos and fear among Pototanons. Mayor Peñaflorida continued to act as Mayor under the Free Revolutionary Government of Tomas Confesor while the Japanese Imperial Forces designated Tomas Ferrariz as Puppet Mayor.

## Geography

Pototan lies on the banks of the Suage River, 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Iloilo City and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from Janiuay. The town has an area of 94 km$^2$, 85% of which is agricultural land.
Considered the rice granary of Panay, the town is bordered by Dingle to the north, Zarraga to the south, Barotac Nuevo to the east, New Lucena and Mina to the west.

### Barangays

Pototan is politically subdivided into 50 barangays.  Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
* Abangay
* Amamaros
* Bagacay
* Barasan
* Batuan
* Bongco
* Cahaguikican
* Callan
* Cansilayan
* Casalsagan
* Cato-ogan
* Cau-ayan
* Culob
* Danao
* Dapitan
* Dawis
* Dongsol
* Fundacion
* Guinacas
* Guibuangan
* Igang
* Intaluan
* Iwa Ilaud
* Iwa Ilaya
* Jamabalud
* Jebioc
* Lay-ahan
* Primitivo Ledesma Ward (Pob.
* Lopez Jaena Ward (Poblacion)
* Lumbo
* Macatol
* Malusgod
* Naslo
* Nabitasan
* Naga
* Nanga
* Pajo
* Palanguia
* Fernando Parcon Ward (Poblacion)
* Pitogo
* Polot-an
* Purog
* Rumbang
* San Jose Ward (Poblacion)
* Sinuagan
* Tuburan
* Tumcon Ilaya
* Tumcon Ilaud
* Ubang
* Zarrague

### Climate

Climate data for Pototan, Iloilo :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 32 (90) | 32 (90) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 30 (85) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 24 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 57 (2.2) | 37 (1.5) | 41 (1.6) | 42 (1.7) | 98 (3.9) | 155 (6.1) | 187 (7.4) | 162 (6.4) | 179 (7.0) | 188 (7.4) | 114 (4.5) | 78 (3.1) | 1,338 (52.8) |
| Average rainy days | 12.0 | 7.7 | 9.2 | 10.2 | 19.5 | 24.6 | 26.9 | 25.1 | 25.5 | 25.2 | 18.0 | 13.0 | 216.9 |
| Source: Meteoblue (modeled/calculated data, not measured locally) ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1903 | 20,964 | — |
| 1918 | 25,869 | +1.41% |
| 1939 | 33,020 | +1.17% |
| 1948 | 34,717 | +0.56% |
| 1960 | 37,231 | +0.58% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1970 | 37,250 | +0.01% |
| 1975 | 41,363 | +2.12% |
| 1980 | 44,624 | +1.53% |
| 1990 | 54,035 | +1.93% |
| 1995 | 56,340 | +0.79% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 2000 | 61,206 | +1.79% |
| 2007 | 67,626 | +1.39% |
| 2010 | 70,955 | +1.76% |
| 2015 | 75,070 | +1.08% |
| 2020 | 78,298 | +0.83% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority :
In the 2020 census, the population of Pototan, Iloilo, was 78,298 people, with a density of 810 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,100 inhabitants per square mile. Karay·a is the primary language in the municipality.

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Pototan
* 5
* 10
* 15
* 20
* 25
* 30
* 2006 18.80
* 2009 17.31
* 2012 18.90
* 2015 21.24
* 2018 15.35
* 2021 14.99
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

## Education
### Private Schools

* Adventist Academy - Iloilo, Inc. (West Visayan Academy)
* Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción - Hijas de Jesús
* EXEL Montessori de Pototan
* First Bible Baptist Academy
* Pototan Baptist Church Learning Center
* Pototan Christian Learning Center
* The Integrated Academy School System, Inc.

### Tertiary

* West Visayas State University - Pototan Campus

### Secondary

* Alberto Sorongon Sr. Memorial NHS
* Pototan National Comprehensive HS
* Jamabalud NHS
* Jose Facultad Memorial NHS
* Palanguia NHS

### Primary

* Barasan ES
* Batuan ES
* Cahaguikican ES
* Cansilayan ES
* Casalsagan ES
* Danao ES
* Dapitan ES
* Doña Trinidad ES
* Dolores P. Tirador ES
* Edmundo Dayot Memorial ES
* Guibuangan ES
* Guinacas ES
* Igang ES
* Iwa-Macatol ES
* Jamabalud ES
* Juana Bolivar Peñaflorida ES (Amamaros ES)
* Lay-ahan ES
* Lumbo ES
* Maravilla ES
* Matias Yusay Memorial ES
* Nabitasan ES
* Naslo ES
* Palanguia ES
* Pototan Pilot ES
* Rizal ES
* San Juan ES
* Sinuagan ES
* Tuburan ES
* Ubang ES

## Government
### List of chief executives
#### Gobernadorcillos

| Order | Name | Years in Office |
| 1 | Juan Marcelo | 1774 |
| 2 | Juan Dato-on | 1775 |
| 3 | ? Mangungud | 1776 |
| 4 | Tomás Codese | 1777 |
| 5 | Esteban Balas | 1778 |
| 6 | Juan Figueroa | 1779 |
| 7 | Juan Marcelo | 1780 |
| 8 | Agustín Diego | 1781 |
| 9 | Pedro Suganag | 1782 |
| 10 | Diego Magbanua | 1783 |
| 11 | Juan Figueroa | 1784 |
| 12 | Salvador Fiharon | 1785 |
| 13 | Francisco Zabia | 1786 |
| 14 | Juan Figueroa | 1787 |
| | Juan Figueroa | 1788 |
| 15 | Agustín Aliso | 1789 |
| 16 | Miguel Pérez | 1790 |
| 17 | Tomás Antesa | 1791 |
| 18 | Juan Figueroa | 1792 |
| 19 | Juan Cordero | 1793 |
| 20 | Silvestre Feliciano | 1794 |
| 21 | Antonio Mosquera | 1795 |
| 22 | Juan Faustino | 1796 |
| 23 | Miguel Jacinto | 1797 |
| 24 | José Amador | 1798 |
| 25 | Juan Macario | 1799 |
| 26 | Fulgencio Felipe | 1800 |
| 27 | Juan Miguel | 1801 |
| 28 | Alejandro Tingson | 1802 |
| 29 | Agustín Bolívar | 1803 |
| 30 | Nicolás Oberio | 1804 |
| 31 | Gregorio Mariano | 1805 |
| 32 | Julián Narciso | 1806 |
| 33 | Fernando Casumpang | 1807 |
| 34 | Fernando Macario | 1808 |
| 35 | José Belarmino | 1809 |
| 36 | Fulgencio Bernardo | 1810 |
| 37 | Mariano Fausto | 1811 |
| 38 | Miguel Jacinto | 1812 |
| 39 | Fernando Casumpang | 1813 |
| 40 | Fernando Macario | 1814 |
| 41 | Francisco Samas | 1815 |
| 42 | José Ynocencio | 1816 |
| 43 | Juan Faustino | 1817 |
| 44 | Juan Dionisio | 1818 |
| 45 | Juan Domingo | 1819 |
| 46 | Juan Faustino | 1820 |
| 47 | Juan Apolinario Delgado | 1821 |
| 48 | Juan Felipe Álvarez | 1822 |
| 49 | Francisco Pedro | 1823 |
| 50 | Francisco Luciano | 1824 |
| 51 | Mariano de la Cruz | 1825 |
| 52 | Juan Francisco | 1826 |
| 53 | Domingo Tecson | 1827 |
| 54 | Mariano de la Cruz | 1828 |
| 55 | Bernardo Macario | 1829 |
| 56 | Fernando Faustino | 1830 |
| 57 | Antonio Bolívar | 1831 |
| 58 | Agustín Bostrano | 1832 |
| 59 | Juan Bartolomé | 1833 |
| 60 | Francisco Luciano | 1834 |
| 61 | Castro Bolívar | 1835 |
| 62 | Domingo Nerio | 1836 |
| 63 | Lucas Bolívar | 1837 |
| 64 | Salvador Ortega | 1838 |
| 65 | Gregorio Marcelo | 1839 |
| 66 | Antonio de Padua | 1840 |
| 67 | Juan Ilisan | 1841 |
| 68 | Juan Franco | 1842 |
| 69 | Gregorio Casimero | 1843 |
| 70 | Juan Hipólito | 1844 |
| 71 | Mateo Remigio | 1845 |
| 72 | Fernando Casumpang | 1846 |
| 73 | ? Peñafort | 1847 |
| 74 | Blas ? | 1848 |
| 75 | Fernando Felipe | 1849 |
| 76 | Manuel Erarco | 1850 |
| 77 | José Tecson | 1851 |
| | José Tecson | 1852 |
| 78 | Ambrosio Cordero | 1853 |
| 79 | Francisco Catequista | 1854 |
| 80 | Juan Apolinario | 1855 |
| 81 | Domingo Prudente | 1856 |
| 82 | Benito Ferrariz | 1857 |
| 83 | Nicolás Casumpang | 1858 |
| 84 | Antonio Tingson | 1859 |
| 85 | Bartolomé Magbanua | 1860 |
| 86 | Antonio Peremne | 1861 |
| 87 | Benito Ferrariz | 1862-1863 |
| 88 | Borromeo Penero | 1864-1865 |
| 89 | Esteban Peñaranda | 1866 |
| 90 | Dámaso Pineda | 1867-1868 |
| | Dámaso Pineda | 1869 |
| 91 | Benito Ferrariz | 1870-1871 |
| 92 | Alejo Pineda | 1872-1873 |
| 93 | Nicolasito Paranga | 1874-1875 |
| 94 | Felipe Parreño | 1876-1877 |
| 95 | José Mendoza | 1878 |
| 96 | Cayetano Bolívar | 1879 |
| 97 | León Fernando Nograles | 1880-1881 |
| 98 | Vicente Parreñas | 1882 |
| 99 | Justo Nograles | 1883 |
| 100 | Barcelio Peñaranda | 1884 |
| 101 | Pedro Belasa | 1885 |
| 102 | Cayetano Bolívar | 1886-1887 |
| 103 | Vicente Peñaflorida | 1888 |
| 104 | Tomás Pulmones | 1889 |
| 105 | Cayetano Bolívar | 1890-1891 |
| 106 | Hilario Magbanua | 1892-1893 |

#### Capitán municipal

In 1893, the Maura Law was passed to reorganize town governments with the aim of making them more effective and autonomous. The law changed the title of chief executive of the town from gobernadorcillo to capitán municipal.
| Order | Name | Years in Office |
| 107 | Julián Ubaldo | 1894 |
| 108 | Maurilio Mendoza | 1895-1900 |

#### Presidentes & vice presidentes municipal

| Order | Presidente municipal | Years in Office | Order | Vice presidente municipal |
| 109 | Mariano Peñaflorida | 1900-1904 | 1 | |
| 110 | Rafael Parcon | 1904-1906 | | |
| 111 | Magdaleno Silva | 1906-1907 | | |
| 112 | Ceferino Palabrica | 1907-1908 | | |
| 113 | Matias Yusay | 1908-1909 | | |
| 114 | Ceferino Palabrica | 1909-1913 | | |
| 115 | Generoso Solinap | 1913-1916 | | |
| 116 | Tomás Peñaflorida | 1916-1919 | | |
| 117 | Primitivo Ledesma | 1919-1922 | | Paulino Pérez |
| 118 | Manuel Mendoza | 1922-1925 | | |
| 119 | Generoso Solinap | 1925-1928 | | |
| 120 | Sofronio Daguay | 1928-1931 | | |
| 121 | Nemesio Cordero | 1931-1933 | | |

#### Municipal Mayors

| Order | Mayor | Years in Office | Vice-mayor |
| 122 | Fernando Parcon | 1933-1936 | Silverio Quesaba |
| 123 | Mariano Peñaflorida | 1936-1945 | |
| | Tomás Ferrariz (Japanese Puppet Mayor) | 1942-1945 | |
| 124 | Fortunato Camarista | 1946-1951 | |
| 125 | Roque Mosquera | 1951 | |
| 126 | Fortunato Camarista | 1952-1955 | |
| 127 | Florentino Perez | 1956-1960 | |
| 128 | Santiago Puig | 1960-1962 | |
| 129 | Manuel Parcon | 1963-1998 | |
| 130 | Licurgo Tirador | 1998-2001 | Peter Parcon |
| 131 | Manuel Parcon | 2001-2002 | Pablo Perez |
| 132 | Pablo Perez | 2002-2013 | |
| 133 | Tomas Peñaflorida | 2013-2019 | Joselito Romualdo Ilisan |
| 134 | Rafael Enrique Lazaro | 2019–present | |

### Municipal officials

The elected municipal officials of the local government unit of Pototan, Iloilo for 2022-2025.
Local Government Unit of Pototan :
| Representative |||||
| | Lorenz R. Defensor (NUP) | Lorenz R. Defensor (NUP) | Lorenz R. Defensor (NUP) | Lorenz R. Defensor (NUP) |
| Mayor |||||
| | Rafael Enrique P. Lazaro (NUP) | Rafael Enrique P. Lazaro (NUP) | Rafael Enrique P. Lazaro (NUP) | Rafael Enrique P. Lazaro (NUP) |
| Vice Mayor |||||
| | Tomas M. Peñaflorida (NUP) | Tomas M. Peñaflorida (NUP) | Tomas M. Peñaflorida (NUP) | Tomas M. Peñaflorida (NUP) |
| Sangguniang Bayan Members |||||
| | Paolo Lorenzo L. Tirador (NUP) | Paolo Lorenzo L. Tirador (NUP) | | Donnabelle S. Mendoza (AKSYON) | Donnabelle S. Mendoza (AKSYON) |
| | Romualdo Joselito M. Ilisan (AKSYON) | Romualdo Joselito M. Ilisan (AKSYON) | | Ma. Concepcion Q. Dayot-Sumergido (NUP) | Ma. Concepcion Q. Dayot-Sumergido (NUP) |
| | Kirk P. Pedrajas (AKSYON) | Kirk P. Pedrajas (AKSYON) | | Nonito Q. Pasuelo Jr. (AKSYON) | Nonito Q. Pasuelo Jr. (AKSYON) |
| | Grace P. Abul-Lim (AKSYON) | Grace P. Abul-Lim (AKSYON) | | Eugenio Rodrigo J. Palu-ay (NUP) | Eugenio Rodrigo J. Palu-ay (NUP) |
| ABC President |||||
| Sherwin S. Peñaranda |||||
| SK Federation President |||||
| Verna Angelique G. Pastolero |||||

## Notable personalities

* Espiridion Guanco – first President pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines and Secretary to Senate President Manuel L. Quezon.