# 2023 in paleobotany

This paleobotany list records new fossil plant taxa that were to be described during the year 2023, as well as notes other significant paleobotany discoveries and events which occurred during 2023.

## Algae
### Charophytes

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Chara chhindwaraensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Khosla et al. | Late Cretaceous-Paleocene transition | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | A species of Chara. |
| Hornichara jianglingensis | Comb. nov | | (Wang) | Eocene | | China | A member of the family Characeae. Moved from Obtusochara jianglingensis Wang (1978). |
| Microchara shivarudrappai | Sp. nov | Valid | Khosla et al. | Late Cretaceous-Paleocene transition | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | |
| Platychara closasi | Sp. nov | Valid | Khosla et al. | Late Cretaceous-Paleocene transition | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | |

### Chlorophytes

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Acicularia guizhouensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Bucur, Enos & Minzoni | Middle Triassic | | China | A green alga belonging to the group Dasycladales. |
| Archaeochaeta | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Maloney et al. | Tonian | Dolores Creek Formation | Canada ( Yukon) | The type species is A. guncho. |
| Chaetocladus vasalemmense | Sp. nov | | Kröger & Tinn in Kröger et al. | Ordovician (Sandbian) | Vasalemma Formation | Estonia | |
| Eocladus estoniense | Sp. nov | | Kröger & Tinn in Kröger et al. | Ordovician (Sandbian) | Vasalemma Formation | Estonia | |
| Kantia granieri | Sp. nov | Valid | Bucur, Enos & Minzoni | Middle Triassic | | China | A green alga belonging to the group Dasycladales. |
| Kantia intusannulata | Sp. nov | Valid | Bucur, Enos & Minzoni | Middle Triassic | | China | A green alga belonging to the group Dasycladales. |
| Kantia muxinanii | Sp. nov | Valid | Bucur, Enos & Minzoni | Middle Triassic | | China | A green alga belonging to the group Dasycladales. |
| Palaeoulvaria | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Kolosov | Ediacaran | Byuk Formation | Russia | A green alga belonging to the group Ulvales. The type species is P. plate. |
| Parachlamydomonas | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gan et al. | Middle Triassic | Yanchang Formation | China | The type species is P. ellipasis. |
| Paraeudorina | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gan et al. | Middle Triassic | Yanchang Formation | China | The type species is P. spheroesis. |
| Paraoocystis | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gan et al. | Middle Triassic | Yanchang Formation | China | The type species is P. ovalsis. |
| Pseudocarteria | Gen. et sp. nov | | Gan et al. | Middle Triassic | Yanchang Formation | China | The type species is P. globuloesis. The generic name is shared with Pseudocarteria Ettl. |
| Sphaeroplea striatocristata | Sp. nov | | Perez Loinaze et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Chorrillo Formation | Argentina | A species of Sphaeroplea. |
| Voronocladus | Gen. et sp. nov | In press | Skompski et al. | Silurian | | Ukraine | Originally described as a green alga belonging to the group Dasycladales and the family Triploporellaceae; subsequently argued by LoDuca (2024) to be a member of Bryopsidales. Genus includes new species V. dryganti. |

### Phycological research

* Harvey (2023) interprets a well-preserved assemblage of acritarchs from the Cambrian Stage 4 Forteau Formation (Canada) as fossil material of planktic green algae with coenobial colony formation.
* Yang et al. (2023) reinterpret Protomelission as an early dasycladalean green alga; however, Xiang et al. (2023) subsequently interpret Protomelission as a scleritome of Cambroclavus, which in turn is considered by the authors to be a probable epitheliozoan-grade eumetazoan like the contemporaneous chancelloriids, unrelated to bryozoans or to dasycladalean algae.

## Lycophytes

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Nothostigma sepeensis | Sp nov | | Spiekermann, Jasper, Guerra-Sommer & D. Uhl | Early Permian Cisuralian | | Brazil | An herbaceous lycopsid |
| Selaginella quatsinoense | Sp. nov | Valid | Rothwell & Stockey | Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) | Longarm Formation | Canada ( British Columbia) | A species of Selaginella. |
| Thomasites | Gen., sp. et comb. nov | | Bek et al. | Carboniferous | | Czech Republic  Germany | A herbaceous lycophyte. Genus includes new species T. serratus also includes Lycopodites elongatus Goldenberg (1855). |

### Lycophyte research

* A study on the ground-level trunk vasculature of Sigillaria approximata from the Pennsylvanian Calhoun Coal of Illinois (United States) is published by D'Antonio (2023), who finds evidence indicating that wood growth at the base of the trunk was different from the arborescent lycopsid wood growth model of Cichan (1985).
* Turner et al. (2023) report diverse phyllotaxis in leaves of the lycopod Asteroxylon mackiei from the Devonian Rhynie chert (United Kingdom), including whorls and spirals, and interpret this finding as suggesting that Fibonacci-style patterning was not ancestral to living land plants, as well as indicative of developmental similarities between lycophyte leaves and reproductive structures.

## Ferns and fern allies

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Botryopteridium sinensis | Sp. nov | | Zhou et al. | Permian | | China | A botryopterid fern. |
| Conustheca | Gen. et comb. nov | | Fernández & Césari | Carboniferous-Permian transition | Bajo de Véliz Formation | Argentina | A member of Equisetales. The type species is Tchernovia? velizensis Durán, Hünicken & Antón (1997). |
| Diplazites campbellii | Sp. nov | | Pšenička et al. | Carboniferous Kasimovian | | Canada Nova Scotia | A psaroniaceous marattialean fern. |
| Dizeugotheca saudica | Comb. nov | | (Wagner, Hill & El-Khayal) | Permian | | Saudi Arabia | A member of the family Marattiaceae. Moved from Gemellitheca saudica Wagner, Hill & El-Khayal (1985). |
| Dryopterites beishanensis | Sp nov | | Ren & Sun | Late Cretaceous | Chijinbao Formation | China | A fern First announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Equisetum kekeense | Sp. nov | | Zhang & Xie in Cao et al. | Miocene | Youshashan Formation | China | A species of Equisetum. |
| Equisetum siwalikum | Sp. nov | | Kundu, Hazra & Khan in Kundu et al. | Miocene | | India | A species of Equisetum. |
| Equisetum wulanense | Sp. nov | | Zhang & Xie in Cao et al. | Miocene | Youshashan Formation | China | A species of Equisetum. |
| Goeppertella unicyclica | Sp. nov | | Escapa & Yañez in Yañez, Escapa & Choo | Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) | | Argentina | A member of the family Dipteridaceae. |
| Microlepia burmasia | Sp. nov | Valid | Long, Wang, & Shi | Cretaceous | Burmese amber | Myanmar | A fern of uncertain affinities. Originally described as a dennstaedtiaceous fern, but this classification was contested by Zhang (2024). Published online in 2022, but the issue date of the article naming it is listed as March 2023. |
| Palaeosorum siwalikum | Sp. nov | Valid | Kundu, Hazra & Khan in Kundu et al. | Miocene | | India | A member of the family Polypodiaceae. Announced in 2023; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2024. |
| Prosperifilix | Gen. et sp. nov | In press | Wang, Shi & Engel in et al. | Cretaceous | Burmese amber | Myanmar | A member of the family Dryopteridaceae. The type species is P. sepeliogladius. |
| Qasimia archangelskyi | Sp. nov | | Kerp et al. | Permian | Umm Irna Formation | Jordan | A member of the family Marattiaceae. |
| Szea yunnanensis | Sp. nov | | Guo, Zhou & Feng in Guo et al. | Permian (Lopingian) | Xuanwei Formation | China | A leptosporangiate fern. |
| Todea minutacaulis | Sp. nov | | Walker, Rothwell & Stockey | Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) | | Canada ( British Columbia) | A species of Todea. |
| Trichomanes angustum | Comb. nov | | (Li & Wang) | Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) | Burmese amber | Myanmar | A member of the family Hymenophyllaceae, a species of Trichomanes sensu lato. Moved from Hymenophyllites angustus Li & Wang (2022). |

### Pteridological research

* A study on fossils of Pecopteris from the Mazon Creek fossil beds (Illinois, United States), indicative of association of a suite of saturated phytohopanoid and aromatised terpenoid diagenetic biomarker products with true fern fossils, is published by Tripp et al. (2023).
* Blanco-Moreno & Buscalioni (2023) identify Sphenopteris wonnacottii as a junior synonym of Coniopteris laciniata, provide whole plant reconstruction of C. laciniata, and interpret the variability of the pinnules of C. laciniata as likely caused by the submersion of the apical part of fronds in water during their development.

## Ginkgophytes

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Austroginkgoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Martínez & Leppe in Martínez et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Dorotea Formation | Chile | A member of Ginkgoales. The type species is A. dutrae. |
| Eretmophyllum polypapillosum | Sp. nov | Valid | Frolov & Mashchuk | Jurassic | Prisayan Formation | Russia | |
| Eretmophyllum yershowskiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Frolov & Mashchuk | Jurassic | Prisayan Formation | Russia | |
| Ginkgo henanensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Li & Xu in Li et al. | Paleocene | Dazhang Formation | China | A species of Ginkgo. |
| Karkenia archangelskiana | Sp. nov | | Nosova in Nosova, Kostina & Afonin | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Khuren Dukh Formation | Mongolia | A member of the family Karkeniaceae. |
| Sphenobaiera krassilovii | Sp. nov | | Nosova, Kostina & Afonin | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Khuren Dukh Formation | Mongolia | |

## Conifers
### Cheirolepidiaceae

| Name | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Classostrobus archangelskyi | Sp. nov | Kvaček, Mendes & Tekleva | Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian) | Figueira da Foz Formation | Portugal | |
| Pararaucaria laiyangensis | Sp. nov | Jin et al. | Early Cretaceous | Laiyang Formation | China | |
| Pseudofrenelopsis dinisii | Sp. nov | Mendes, Kvaček & Doyle | Cretaceous (Hauterivian?) | Santa Susana Formation | Portugal | A cheirolepidiaceous foliage morphospecies |
| Pseudofrenelopsis zlatkoi | Sp. nov | Kvaček & Mendes | Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian) | Figueira da Foz Formation | Portugal | A cheirolepidiaceous foliage morphospecies |

### Cordaitaceae

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Florinanthus bussacensis | Sp. nov | | Correia et al. | Carboniferous (Gzhelian) | | Portugal | | | |
| Florinanthus longiantheratus | Sp. nov | | Bureš et al. | Carboniferous (Moscovian) | Plzeň Basin | Czech Republic | | Pollen-bearing organs of a member of Cordaitales. | |

### Cupressaceae

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Location | Notes |
| Amurodendron | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Sokolova et al. | Paleocene | Russia ( Amur Oblast) | A conifer with affinities with the family Cupressaceae. The type species is A. pilosum. Published online in 2024, but the issue date is listed as December 2023. |
| Juniperus chifengensis | Sp. nov | | Xiao & Guo in Guo et al. | Miocene | China | A species of Juniper. |
| Mukawastrobus arnoldii | Sp. nov | Valid | Rothwell, Stockey & Smith | Late Cretaceous | United States ( Alaska) | A taiwanioid cupressaceous conifer. |

### Pinaceae

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Keteleeria farjonii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | A species of Keteleeria. |
| Keteleeria huolinhensis | Sp. nov | | Zhu et al. | Early Cretaceous | Huolinhe Formation | China | A species of Keteleeria. |
| Pinus bukatkinii | Sp. nov | Valid | Bazhenova et al. | Middle Jurassic | | Russia ( Belgorod Oblast) | A pine. |
| Tsuga weichangensis | Sp. nov | In press | Li et al. | Miocene | | China | A species of Tsuga. Announced in Feb 2023, formally published Jan 2024 |

### Podocarpaceae

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes |
| Acmopyle grayae | Sp. nov | | Andruchow-Colombo et al. | Eocene | Laguna del Hunco Formation | Argentina | A species of Acmopyle. |
| Dacrycarpus engelhardti | Comb. nov | | (Berry) | Eocene | | Argentina | A species of Dacrycarpus. Moved from Podocarpus engelhardti Berry (1938). |
| Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum | Sp. nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | A podocarpaceous wood morphospecies Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Podocarpoxylon paradoxi | Sp. nov | | Martínez & Leppe in Martínez et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Dorotea Formation | Chile | A podocarpaceous wood morphospecies. |
| Podocarpoxylon resinosum | Sp. nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | A podocarpaceous wood morphospecies Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |

### Voltziales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Synonymy | Notes | Images |
| Hexicladia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wang et al. | Permian (Cisuralian) | Shanxi Formation | China | | A voltzialean conifer. The type species is H. yongchangensis. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 | |

### Other conifers

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Brachyoxylon qijiangense | Sp. nov | | Xie, Wang & Tian in Xie et al. | Middle Jurassic | Shaximiao Formation | China | A member of Pinales of uncertain affinities. |
| Brachyphyllum dimorpha | Sp. nov | | Morales-Toledo & Cevallos-Ferriz | Middle Jurassic | Otlaltepec Formation | Mexico | Coniferous foliage of uncertain affinities. |
| Mirovia oskolica | Sp. nov | | Nosova in Nosova & Lyubarova | Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Callovian) | | Russia ( Belgorod Oblast) | Coniferous leaves assigned to the family Miroviaceae. |
| Parnaiboxylon wangi | Sp. nov | | Wang et al. | Carboniferous (Moscovian) | Benxi Formation | China | A coniferous petrified wood. |
| Platycladium mexicana | Sp. nov | | Morales-Toledo & Cevallos-Ferriz | Middle Jurassic | Otlaltepec Formation | Mexico | |
| Secrospiroxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Cai, Zhang & Feng in Cai et al. | Permian | | Mongolia | A coniferous stem. The type species is S. tolgoyensis. |
| Yiwupitys | Gen. et sp. nov | | Gou & Feng in Gou et al. | Middle Jurassic | Xishanyao Formation | China | A conifer stem of uncertain affinities. The type species is Y. elegans. |

### Conifer research

* Trümper et al. (2023) report the discovery of fossil trees from the Athesian Volcanic Group (Italy) interpreted as remains of a Permian (Kungurian) forest where conifers were the major arborescent plants, substantiating the presence of coniferopsids in wetlands around the Carboniferous/Permian boundary.
* Slodownik et al. (2023) describe new fossil material (including the first putative female reproductive remains) of Araucarioides linearis from the Eocene Macquarie Harbour Formation (Australia), interpret Araucarioides sinuosa to be a junior synonym of A. linearis, and consider A. linearis to be a non-Agathis agathioid belonging to an extinct lineage that originated in the Cretaceous, lived in high paleolatitudes and had adaptations to seasonal environments which allowed it to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.
* Andruchow-Colombo et al. (2023) review the fossil record of Podocarpaceae, and argue that the earliest reliable occurrences of members of this family are from the Jurassic of both hemispheres.

## Flowering plants
### Monocots
#### Alismatales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Appianospadix | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Stockey et al. | Eocene | | Canada ( British Columbia) | | A member of the family Araceae. The type species is A. bogneri | |
| Nichima | Gen. et 2 sp. nov | | Hernández-Sandoval, Cevallos-Ferriz & Hernández-Damián | Oligocene-Miocene | | Mexico | | A member of the family Alismataceae. Genus includes N. magalloniae and N. gonzalez-medranoi. | |

#### Arecales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes |
| Cryosophiloxylon indicum | Sp. nov | Valid | Kumar & Khan | Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)-Paleocene (Danian) | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | | A member of the tribe Cryosophileae. Published online in 2023; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2024. |
| Palmocarpon dicellaformis | Comb. nov | | (Berry) | Oligocene | | Peru | synonymy Matayba belenensis Berry (1929) | A palm fruit with affinities to extant Bactridinae. Moved from Carpolithus dicellaformis Berry (1929). |
| Sabalites siwalicus | Sp. nov | Valid | Mahato & Khan | Miocene | Chunabati Formation | India | | Published online in 2024, but the issue date is listed as December 2023. |

### Basal eudicots

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Macginitiea basilobata | Comb. nov | | (Ward) | Paleocene | | United States ( Montana) | Moved from Platanus basilobata Ward (1887). |
| Macginitiea rannii | Sp. nov | "Kisinger Lakes flora" | Huegele & Correa Narvaez | Eocene | | United States ( Wyoming) | |
| Macginitiea rileyi | Comb. nov | | (Ball) | Eocene | | United States ( Texas) | Moved from Platanus rileyi Ball (1939). |
| Megahertzia paleoamplexicaulis | Sp. nov | Valid | Carpenter & Rozefelds | Eocene | Salt Creek Formation | Australia | A species of Megahertzia |
| Notocyamus | Gen. et sp. nov | | Gobo et al in Gobo et al. | Early Cretaceous (Barremian?/Aptian) | Crato Formation | Brazil | A Nelumbonaceous lotus. The type species is N. hydrophobus. |
| Palaeosinomenium oisensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Kara et al. | Paleocene | | France | A member of the family Menispermaceae. Published online in 2023; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2024. |
| Zizyphoides retusa | Comb. nov | Valid | (Heer) | Probably late Eocene | | Norway | A member of the family Trochodendraceae. Moved from Populus retusa Heer (1876). |

#### Basal eudicot research

* Evidence from the palynomorph fossil record, interpreted as indicating that members of the family Proteaceae reached South African Cape in the Late Cretaceous from North-Central Africa rather than from Australia across the Indian Ocean, is presented by Lamont, He & Cowling (2023).

### Superasterids
#### Apiales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Plerandreoxylon oskolskii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | | A member of the family Araliaceae. | |

#### Boraginales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Cordioxylon indicum | Sp. nov | Valid | Bhatia, Srivastava & Mehrotra | Miocene | Tipam Sandstone | India | | Fossil wood of a member of the genus Cordia. Announced in 2023; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2024. | |

#### Ericales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Symplocos kowalewskii | Comb nov | Valid | (Casp.) Sadowski & Hofmann | Eocene Priabonian | Baltic Amber | Europe | | A Symplocaceous flower species. Moved from Stewartia kowalewskii (1886). | Symplocos kowalewskii |

#### Icacinales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Palaeophytocrene ga | Sp. nov | | Poore, Jud & Gandolfo | Paleocene (Danian) | Salamanca Formation | Argentina | | A member of the family Icacinaceae belonging to the tribe Phytocreneae. | |

#### Lamiales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Phillyreoxylon phillyreoides | Sp. nov | | Akkemik & Mantzouka in Akkemik et al. | Neogene | | Turkey | | Fossil wood of a member of the genus Phillyrea. | |

#### Solanales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Eophysaloides | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Deanna et al. | Eocene | Esmeraldas Formation | Colombia | | A member of the family Solanaceae. The type species is E. inflata. | |
| Lycianthoides | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Deanna et al. | Eocene | Green River Formation Parachute Creek Member | United States ( Colorado) | | A member of the family Solanaceae. The type species is L. calycina. | |

#### General Superasterid research
### Superrosids
#### Cucurbitales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Parvaspicula | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Correa et al. | Eocene Ypresian | Green River Formation | United States ( Colorado) | Antholithes pendula R.W. Brown, 1929 | A tetramelaceous seed morphotype The type species is P. lepidioides Moved from Clethra (?) lepidioides Cockerell (1925) | |
| Punctaphyllum | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Correa Narvaez et al. | Eocene Ypresian | Green River Formation | United States ( Colorado) | Aleurites glandulosa (Brown) MacGinitie, 1969 Dendropanax latens MacGinitie, 1974 | A tetramelaceous leaf morphotype The type species is P. glandulosa Moved from Cucurbita glandulosa Brown (1929) | |

#### Fabales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Acacia haominiae | Sp. nov | | Wang et al. | Miocene | Fotan Group | China | A species of Acacia. |
| Albizia yenbaiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Nguyen, Su & J. Huang in Nguyen et al. | Miocene | Yen Bai Basin | Vietnam | An Albizia species. Announced in 2022 Officially published January 2023 |
| Anthonotha shimaglae | Sp. nov | Valid | Pan et al. | Miocene | Mush Valley | Ethiopia | A species of Anthonotha. |
| Bauhinia tibetensis | Sp. nov | | Gao & Su in Gao et al. | Paleocene | | China | A species of Bauhinia. |
| Englerodendron mulugetanum | Sp. nov | Valid | Pan et al. | Miocene | Mush Valley | Ethiopia | A species of Englerodendron. |
| Entada simojovelensis | Sp. nov | | Estrada-Ruiz & Gómez-Acevedo | Miocene | Simojovel Group | Mexico | A species of Entada. |
| Goniorrhachisinoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Dutra, Martínez & Wilberger | Oligocene | | Brazil | A member of Detarioideae. The type species is G. sergioarchangelskii. |

#### Fagales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Carya leroyii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | A hickory. |
| Engelhardia guipingensis | Sp. nov | | Song & Jin in Song et al. | Miocene | Erzitang Formation | China | A species of Engelhardia. |
| Gymnostoma stuartii | Sp. nov | | Whang, Hill & Hill | Neogene | | Australia | A species of Gymnostoma. |
| Leguminocarpum meghalayensis | Sp. nov | valid | Bhatia, Srivastava & Mehrotra | Late Paleocene | Tura Formation | India | A fabaceous seed pod morphospecies. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Nothofagoxylon ruei | Sp. nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | A nothofagaceous wood morphospecies Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Parvileguminophyllum damalgiriensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Bhatia, Srivastava & Mehrotra | Late Paleocene | Tura Formation | India | A fabaceous legume leaf morphospecies. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |

#### Malpighiales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Elatine odgaardii | Sp. nov | Valid | Bennike in Bennike et al. | Probably early Pleistocene | | Greenland | A species of Elatine. Announced in 2022; the final article version was published in 2023. |
| Macaranga kirkjohnsonii | Sp. nov | | Wilf, Iglesias & Gandolfo | Eocene (Ypresian) | Huitrera Formation | Argentina | A species of Macaranga. |
| Passiflora sulcatasperma | Sp. nov | | Hermsen | Pliocene | Gray Fossil Site | United States ( Tennessee) | A species of Passiflora. |
| Tineafructus | Gen. et sp. nov | | Wilf, Iglesias & Gandolfo | Eocene (Ypresian) | Huitrera Formation | Argentina | A member of the family Euphorbiaceae belonging to the subfamily Acalyphoideae and the tribe Acalypheae. The type species is T. casamiquelae. |
| Trigonostemon zhangpuensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Dong & Sun in Zheng et al. | Miocene | Fotan Group | China | A species of Trigonostemon. |

#### Malvales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Bombax asiatica | Sp. nov | Valid | Hazra, Bera & Khan | Pliocene | | India | A species of Bombax. |
| Cistoxylon cistoides | Sp. nov | | Akkemik & Mantzouka in Akkemik et al. | Neogene | | Turkey | |
| Elizabethiaxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | In press | Ruiz, Pujana & Brea | Paleocene | Salamanca Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood of a plant related to the Malvaceae. The type species is E. patagonicum. |
| Notomalvaceoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Martínez & Leppe in Martínez et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Dorotea Formation | Chile | Fossil wood of a plant belonging to the Malvaceae. The type species is N. magallanense. |
| Pterospermum shuangxingii | Sp. nov | Valid | Zhao, Huang & Su in Zhao et al. | Miocene | Sanhaogou Formation | China | A species of Pterospermum. |

#### Myrtales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Conocarpoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Ramos et al. | Pleistocene | El Palmar Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood of a member of the family Combretaceae. Genus includes new species C. cristalliferum. |
| Duabanga makumensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Bhatia, Srivastava & Mehrotra | Oligocene (Chattian) | Tikak Parbat Formation | India | A species of Duabanga. |
| Myrtineoxylon hoffmannae | Sp. nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | A myrtaceous wood morphospecies. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Sonneratioxylon barrocoloradoensis | Sp. nov | | Pérez-Lara in Martínez et al. | Miocene (Aquitanian) | | Panama | A member of the family Lythraceae. |
| Terminalioxylon paravirens | Sp. nov | | Ramos et al. | Pleistocene | El Palmar Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood of a member of the family Combretaceae. |
| Terminalioxylon ushun | Sp. nov | | Ramos et al. | Pleistocene | El Palmar Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood of a member of the family Combretaceae. |
| Trapa haominiae | Sp. nov | | Wu et al. | Miocene | Fotan Group | China | A species of Trapa. |

#### Oxalidales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Weinmannioxylon trichospermoides | Sp. nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | | A cunoniaceous wood morphospecies. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 | |

#### Rosales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes |
| Aphananthe manchesteri | Sp. nov | Valid | Hernández-Damián, Rubalcava-Knoth & Cevallos Ferriz | Miocene | La Quinta Formation (Mexican amber) | Mexico | | A species of Aphananthe. |
| Eopaliura | Gen. et sp. nov | | Patel, Rana & Khan in Patel et al. | Eocene | Palana Formation | India | | A member of the family Rhamnaceae belonging to the tribe Paliureae. The type species is E. indica. |
| Ficus paleoauriculata | Sp. nov | | Chandra et al. | Paleogene | | India | | A species of Ficus. |
| Ficus paleodicranostyla | Sp. nov | | Chandra et al. | Paleogene | | India | | A species of Ficus. |
| Ficus paleovariegata | Sp. nov | | Chandra et al. | Paleogene | | India | | A species of Ficus. |
| Gouianiaites | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Centeno-González, Porras-Múzquiz & Estrada-Ruiz | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Olmos Formation | Mexico | | A member of the family Rhamnaceae. Genus includes new species G. muzquizensis. |
| Helicostyloxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Martinez Martinez | Miocene | Ituzaingó Formation | Argentina | | A member of the family Moraceae. Genus includes new species H. paranensis. |
| Kageneckia coloradensis | Comb. nov | Valid | (Knowlton) Denk et al. | Eocene Priabonian | Florissant Formation | United States ( Colorado) | Myrica amygdalina auct. non Saporta nec Lesquereux (1883) | A species of Kageneckia. Moved from Myrica coloradensis (1916). |
| Ulmus palaeoparvifolia | Sp. nov | | Lu et al. | Miocene | Xiaolongtan Formation | China | | An elm. |
| Urticaleoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | | A member of Rosales with features found in urticalean families. The type species is U. stevensii. |
| Vauquelinia aculeata | Comb. nov | Valid | (Saporta) Denk et al. | Oligocene Chattian | Aix-en-Provence Formation | France | synonymy Myrica matheronii (1873) Myrica dryomorpha (1889) | A species of Vauquelinia. Moved from Myrica aculeata (1873) First named Banksites aculeatus (1862). |
| Vauquelinia obscura | Comb. nov | Valid | (Saporta) Denk et al. | Oligocene Rupelian | Saint-Zacharie Limestone | France | synonymy Quercus kubinyi auct. non (Kováts) Czeczott, nec Gemici et al., 1991 Carya serrae-folia auct. non (Göppert) Kräusel, nec Gemici et al., 1991 | A species of Vauquelinia. Moved from Banksites obscurus Saporta (1863). |
| Vauquelinia serra | Comb. nov | Valid | (Unger) Denk et al. | Miocene | Parschlug Basin | Austria | synonymy Amygdalus pereger (1850) Ulmus fischeri auct. non Heer, nec Butzmann et al., 2009 | A species of Vauquelinia. Moved from Prinsepia serra (2004) First named Quercus serra (1847). |

#### Sapindales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Aesculus constabularisii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | A species of Aesculus. |
| Bursericarpum indicum | Sp. nov | Valid | Kumar et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene transition | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | A burseraceous fruit. |
| Burseroxylon panzai | Sp. nov | | Rombola et al. | Late Cretaceous | Cardiel Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood with possible affinities with Anacardiaceae or Burseraceae. |
| Canarium leenhoutsii | Sp. nov | In press | Beurel et al. | Miocene | Zhangpu amber | China | A species of Canarium. |
| Canarium wangboi | Sp. nov | In press | Beurel et al. | Miocene | Zhangpu amber | China | A species of Canarium. |
| Cyrtocarpa biapertura | Sp. nov | Valid | Del Rio et al. | Paleocene and Eocene | | France | A species of Cyrtocarpa. |
| Debursera | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Kumar et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene transition | Deccan Intertrappean Beds | India | A burseraceous flower. The type species is D. indica. |
| Klaassenoxylon | Gen. et sp. et comb. nov | | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | A member of the family Sapindaceae. Genus includes new species K. wilkinsonii, as well as "Sapindoxylon" klaassenii Wheeler & Manchester (2002). |
| Sahniocarpon deccanensis | Comb. nov | Valid | (Karanjekar) | Late Cretaceous | | India | A member of the family Burseraceae. Moved from Cremocarpon deccanii Karanjekar (1984). |
| Swietenia palaeomahagoni | Sp. nov | Valid | Chandra et al. | Paleogene | | India | A species of Swietenia. |

#### Saxifragales

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Liquidambar hainanensis | Sp. nov | | Maslova et al. | Eocene | Changchang Formation | China | A species of Liquidambar. |
| Liquidambar ovoidea | Sp. nov | | Maslova et al. | Eocene | Changchang Formation | China | A species of Liquidambar. |
| Parrotia zhiyanii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wu et al. | Miocene | Zhangpu amber | China | A species of Parrotia. Published online in 2023; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2024. |

#### Other superrosids

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
| Friisifructus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Tang, Smith & Atkinson | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Cedar District Formation | United States Washington | | Rosid clade fruits of uncertain affinities. The type species is F. aligeri. | |

#### Superrosid research

* Nishino et al. (2023) study the composition of a fossil forest from the Miocene Nakamura Formation of the Mizunami Group (Japan), including stumps of Wataria parvipora and leaves of Byttneriophyllum tiliifolium, and interpret their finding as suggesting that W. parvipora and B. tiliifolium were parts of the same plant, as well as suggesting that Byttneriophyllum-bearing plants might have belonged to the subfamily Helicteroideae.

### Other angiosperms

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
| Ascarinophyllum | Gen. et sp. nov | valid | Čepičková & Kvaček | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) | Peruc–Korycany Formation | Czech Republic | A Basal angiosperm leaf morphogenus Similar to Mesodescolea plicata and Chloranthaceae. The type species is A. pecinovense. Officially published in 2023 | |
| Cinnamomum miocenicum | Sp. nov | | Mahato, Hazra & Khan in Mahato et al. | Miocene | Chunabati Formation | India | A species of Cinnamomum. | |
| Compitoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Gentis, De Franceschi & Boura in Gentis et al. | Paleocene (Danian-Selandian) | Paunggyi Formation | Myanmar | Fossil wood with anatomical features found in diverse extant flowering plant groups, might be placed at the base of the asterids, close to Malpighiales, close to Proteales at the base of eudicots, or even in Laurales. The type species is C. paleocenicum. | |
| Magnolia hansnooteboomii | Sp. nov | Valid | Wheeler, Manchester & Baas | Eocene | John Day Formation | United States ( Oregon) | A species of Magnolia. | |
| Palibinia comptonifolia | Comb. nov | | (Brown) Manchester, Judd, & Kodrul | Eocene Ypresian | Green River Formation | United States ( Colorado) | A pentapetalean eudicot of uncertain affiliation. Moved from Vauquelinia comptonifolia (1969) Originally named Banksia comptonifolia (1934) | |
| Papillaephyllum | Gen. et sp. nov | | Čepičková & Kvaček | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) | Peruc–Korycany Formation | Czech Republic | Foliage of a flowering plant, possibly with affinities with the family Chloranthaceae. The type species is P. labutae. | |
| Pteroheterochrosperma | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Smith, Greenwalt & Manchester | Eocene | Kishenehn Formation | United States ( Montana) | Disseminules of uncertain affinities. The type species is P. horseflyensis. | Pteroheterochrosperma horseflyensis |
| Quadrasubulaflora | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Smith, Greenwalt & Manchester | Eocene | Kishenehn Formation | United States ( Montana) | Flower of uncertain affinities, possibly related to members of the family Apiaceae belonging to the tribe Saniculeae or to the subtribe Scandicinae within the tribe Scandiceae. The type species is Q. kishenehnensis. | |
| Racheliflora | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Friis, Crane & Pedersen | Early Cretaceous | Potomac Group | United States ( Virginia) | An early angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement, most closely related to magnoliids, possibly with lauralean affinities. The type species is R. virginiensis. | |
| Todziaphyllum saportanum | Comb. nov | valid | (Velenovský) Čepičková & Kvaček | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) | Peruc–Korycany Formation | Czech Republic | A Basal angiosperm leaf morphogenus A new combination for Banksites saportanus Officially published in 2023 | |
| Tortorellixylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Rombola et al. | Late Cretaceous | Cardiel Formation | Argentina | Fossil wood of a flowering plant of uncertain affinities. The type species is T. oligoporosum. | |
| Xilinia | Gen. et sp. nov | | Wang et al. | Early Cretaceous (Albian) | Shengli Formation | China | An early angiosperm of uncertain affinities. The type species is X. shengliensis. | |
* A study on the affinities of Santaniella, based on data from new fossil material from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation (Brazil), is published by Pessoa et al. (2023), who don't support the interpretation of Santaniella as a ranuculid, and consider it to be a mesangiosperm of uncertain affinities, possibly a magnoliid.
* Pessoa, Ribeiro & Christenhusz (2023) describe new fossil material of Araripia florifera from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil, interpret its anatomy as indicating that it did not belong to the family Calycanthaceae, and assign it to the new family Araripiaceae in the stem group of Laurales.

### Angiosperm research

* A study aiming to determine the affinities of 24 exceptionally preserved fossil flowers is published by López-Martínez et al. (2023).
* A study aiming to determine the phylogenetic relationships of nine putative magnolialean fossils is published by Doyle & Endress (2023).
* Chambers & Poinar (2023) reinterpret Endobeuthos paleosum as a member of the family Proteaceae; this interpretation is subsequently contested by Lamont & Ladd (2024).
* A study on the diversification of the flowering plant throughout their evolutionary history is published by Thompson & Ramírez-Barahona (2023), who report evidence of stable extinction rates through time and find no evidence of a significant impact of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event on the extinction rates of major flowering plant lineages.

## Other plants

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Aberlemnia junggaria | Sp. nov | In press | Liu & Xu in Liu et al. | Silurian (Přídolí) | | China | |
| Aberlemnia krizii | Sp. nov | | Libertín, Kvaček & Bek | Silurian (Přídolí) | | Czech Republic | A vascular plant related to Lycophytina. |
| Archangelskyoxylon | Gen. et sp. nov | | Gnaedinger, Brea & Martínez | Early Jurassic (Sinemurian–Toarcian) | Roca Blanca Formation | Argentina | A member of the family Gnetidae. The type species is A. carlquistii. |
| Arlenea | Gen. et sp. nov | | Ribeiro et al. | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | Brazil | A member of the family Ephedraceae. The type species is A. delicata. |
| Aysenoxylon | Gen et sp nov | valid | Pujana et al. | Oligocene | San José Formation | Chile | A wood morphospecies of uncertain affinity. The type species is A. patorarensis. Announced in 2022 Officially published in 2023 |
| Campylopus lusitanicus | Sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss, a species of Campylopus. |
| Canaliculidium | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss belonging to the family Leucobryaceae. The type species is C. fissuratum. |
| Capesporangites | Gen. et sp. nov | | Uhlířová, Pšenička & Sakala | Silurian (Přídolí) | | Czech Republic | A rhyniophytoid with bryophyte-like features. The type species is C. petrkraftii. |
| Chlorosphagnum | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss, a member of Sphagnales of uncertain affinities. The type species is C. cateficense. |
| Cycadodendron | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Luthardt, Rößler & Stevenson | Permian (Sakmarian–Artinskian) | Leukersdorf Formation | Germany | A gymnosperm with cycadalean affinities. The type species is C. galtieri. |
| Daohugoucladus | Gen. et sp. nov | | Yang et al. | Middle Jurassic | Daohugou Beds | China | A member of the family Gnetidae. The type species is D. sinensis. |
| Dicranodontium minutum | Sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss, a species of Dicranodontium. |
| Hanophyllum | Gen. et sp. nov | | Barbacka et al. | Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) | | United States ( Alaska) | A cycadophyte foliage. The type species is H. varioserratum. |
| Kannaskoppianthus aasvoelensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Kannaskoppianthus komanthus | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Kannaskoppianthus switzianthus | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Kannaskoppianthus telepentatus | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Komlopteris artabeae | Comb. nov | | (Herbst & Gnaedinger) | Early Jurassic | Nestares Formation | Argentina | A corystosperm. Moved from Alicurana artabei Herbst & Gnaedinger (2002). |
| Komlopteris boolensis | Sp. nov | | Slodownik, Hill & McLoughlin | Early Cretaceous (Valanginian–Barremian) | Rintoul Creek Formation | Australia | A corystosperm. |
| Komlopteris constricta | Comb. nov | | (Halle) | Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) | Upper Mount Flora Formation | Antarctica | A corystosperm. Moved from Thinnfeldia constricta Halle (1913). |
| Komlopteris khatangiensis | Comb. nov | | (Sengupta) | Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous | Dubrajpur Formation | India | A corystosperm. Moved from Thinnfeldia khatangiensis Sengupta (1988). |
| Komlopteris nestarensis | Comb. nov | | (Herbst & Gnaedinger) | Early Jurassic | Nestares Formation | Argentina | A corystosperm. Moved from Alicurana nestarensis Herbst & Gnaedinger (2002). |
| Komlopteris purlawaughensis | Sp. nov | | Slodownik, Hill & McLoughlin | Late Jurassic | Purlawaugh Formation | Australia | A corystosperm. |
| Komlopteris tiruchirapalliense | Comb. nov | | (Sukh-Dev & Rajanikanth) | Early Cretaceous | Sivaganga Formation | India | A corystosperm. Moved from Sphenopteris tiruchirapalliense Sukh-Dev & Rajanikanth (1988). |
| Komlopteris victoriensis | Sp. nov | | Slodownik, Hill & McLoughlin | Early Cretaceous (Aptian) | Eumeralla Formation | Australia | A corystosperm. |
| Mongolitria | Gen. et 2 sp. nov | | Bickner et al. | Early Cretaceous | | China  Mongolia | A gymnosperm seed. Genus includes M. friisae and M. exesum. |
| Nebuloxyla | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Lalica & Tomescu | Devonian (Emsian) | | Canada ( Quebec) | An early euphyllophyte. Genus includes new species N. mikmaqiana. |
| Pachytesta duquesnei | Sp. nov | | Vallois & Nel | Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) | Bruay Formation | France | A medullosalean "seed". |
| Paradoxa | Gen. et sp. nov | | Liu, Shen & Wang | Middle Jurassic (Callovian) | Jiulongshan Formation | China | A gymnosperm with several morphological features formerly restricted to angiosperms. The type species is P. huangii. |
| Paraephedra | Gen. et sp. nov | | Trajano et al. | Early Cretaceous | Serra do Tucano Formation | Brazil | Possibly a member of Ephedrales. Genus includes new species P. amazonensis. |
| Perplexa | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Pfeiler & Tomescu | Devonian | Battery Point Formation | Canada ( Quebec) | An early euphyllophyte. The type species is P. praestigians. |
| Petalophyllites | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Hoffman & Crandall-Stotler | Paleocene | Paskapoo Formation | Canada ( Alberta) | A liverwort belonging to the family Petalophyllaceae. The type species is P. speirsiae. |
| Petrosjania | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Snigirevsky & Lyubarova | Devonian | | Russia | A plant of uncertain affinities, with features characteristic of different groups of higher plants. The type species is P. salarina. |
| Phasmatocycas mazongshanensis | Sp. nov | | Li & Du in Li et al. | Early Cretaceous | | China | A relative of Paleozoic primitive Cycadales. |
| Phoenicopsis (Windwardia) ningxiaensis | Sp. nov | Valid | He in He et al. | Middle Jurassic | Yanan Formation | China | A member of Czekanowskiales. |
| Physcidium | Gen. et 2 sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss belonging to the family Diphysciaceae. The type species is P. tortuosum; genus also includes P. simsimiae. |
| Polytrichastrum incurvum | Sp. nov | Valid | Hedenäs, Bomfleur & Friis in Bomfleur et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) | Almargem Formation | Portugal | A moss, a species of Polytrichastrum. |
| Pterophyllum beishanensis | Sp. nov | | Li & Du in Li et al. | Early Cretaceous | Tuomatan Formation | China | |
| Psilophyton diakanthon | Sp nov | in press | Colston, Landaw, & Tomescu | Devonian Emsian | Battery Point Formation | Canada Quebec | A trimerophytopsid land plant Bimodal spines suggest active levels of defense against herbivores |
| Qingganninginfructus | Gen. et sp. nov | | Wang & Sun in Han et al. | Middle Jurassic | Yaojie Formation | China | Possibly an early angiosperm. The type species is Q. formosa. |
| Rhaphidopteris zhouii | Sp. nov | In press | Yang | Early Jurassic | Sangonghe Formation | China | A gymnosperm. |
| Rochipteris distivena | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris komifolia | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris lutifolia | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris matatifolia | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris penensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris switzifolia | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Rochipteris telefolia | Sp. nov | Valid | Anderson & Anderson | Triassic | Molteno Formation | South Africa | A member of Ginkgoopsida belonging to the group Petriellales. |
| Skyttegaardia nagalingumiae | Sp. nov | | Elgorriaga & Atkinson | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Holz Shale | United States ( California) | A member of Cycadales belonging to the family Zamiaceae. |
| Tregiovia | Gen. et sp. nov | | Forte & Kustatscher | Permian (Kungurian) | Tregiovo Formation | Italy | A plant of uncertain affinities, with the closest resemblance to the seed fern Auritifolia anomala. The type species is T. furcata. |
| Tricosta priapiana | Sp. nov | Valid | Blanco-Moreno et al. | Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) | | Canada ( British Columbia) | A moss belonging to the family Tricostaceae. |
| Xenoxylon kazuoense | Sp. nov | | Xie, Wang, Tian & Uhl in Xie et al. | Early Cretaceous (Aptian) | Jiufotang Formation | China | Fossil wood of a gymnosperm of uncertain affinities. |
| Xenoxylon shehongense | Sp. nov | | Xie, Wang & Tian in Xie et al. | Late Jurassic | Penglaizhen Formation | China | |
| Zirabia | Gen. et comb. nov | | Elgorriaga & Atkinson | Early Jurassic | Shemshak Group | Iran | A member of Doyleales; a new genus for "Karkenia" cylindrica Schweitzer & Kirchner (1995). |

### Other plant research

* A study on the evolutionary history of Marchantiopsida, as indicated by data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Flores et al. (2023).
* Decombeix et al. (2023) document tyloses in Late Devonian Callixylon wood.
* A study on the anatomy and affinities of Tingia unita, based on data from specimens from the Permian Taiyuan Formation (China), is published by Yang, Wang & Wang (2023), who confirm that T. unita was a progymnosperm belonging to the group Noeggerathiales.
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of cycads, based on data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Coiro et al. (2023).
* Evidence from nitrogen isotopic measurements from fossilized cycad leaves and ancestral state reconstructions, interpreted as indicating that symbiosis of with N$_2$-fixing cyanobacteria wasn't ancestral within cycads but rather arose independently in the lineages leading to living cycads during or after the Jurassic, is published by Kipp et al. (2023).
* Fu et al. (2023) report the presence of ovules enclosed within the ovaries of specimens of Nanjinganthus dendrostyla, and consider their findings to be consistent with the interpretation of Nanjinganthus as an Early Jurassic angiosperm.

## Palynology

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes |
| Acanthodiporites | Gen. et sp. nov | | Parmar et al. | Paleogene | | India | Pollen of a member of the family Arecaceae. Genus includes new species A. spinatus. |
| Acylomurus silviae | Sp. nov | | Perez Loinaze et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Chorrillo Formation | Argentina | A spore of uncertain affinities. |
| Ailanthipites diminutus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Ailanthipites feruglioi | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Ailanthipites hexagonalis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Alisporites libyaensis | Nom. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Permian and Triassic | | Libya | A replacement name for Alisporites plicatus Kar, Kieser & Jain (1972). |
| Aratrisporites circularis | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Arecipites botrus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Baculatisporites magnus | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Brevitriletes decorus | Comb. nov | Valid | (Ouyang & Norris) | Triassic | | China | Moved from Anapiculatisporites decorus Ouyang & Norris (1999). |
| Brevitriletes pamelae | Comb. nov | Valid | (Ottone in Ottone et al.) | Triassic | | Argentina | Moved from Anapiculatisporites pamelae Ottone in Ottone et al. (1992). |
| Brevitriletes sandrae | Comb. nov | Valid | (Ottone in Ottone et al.) | Triassic | | Argentina | Moved from Anapiculatisporites sandrae Ottone in Ottone et al. (1992). |
| Carnisporites microspinous | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Casuarinidites foveolatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Classopollis patagonicus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Clavapalmaedites clavatus | Sp. nov | | Parmar et al. | Paleogene | | India | |
| Clavatriporites | Gen. et 2 sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. Genus includes new species C. dispersiclavatus and C. spicatus. |
| Cuneatisporites cacheutensis | Comb. nov | Valid | (Jain) | Triassic | Cacheuta Formation | Argentina | Moved from Jansoniuspollenites cacheutensis Jain (1968). |
| Cuneatisporites salujhai | Comb. nov | Valid | (Jain) | Triassic | Cacheuta Formation | Argentina | Moved from Jansoniuspollenites salujhai Jain (1968). |
| Echitricolpites serratus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Ericipites verrucatus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Flabellisporites zhaotongensis | Sp. nov | | Sui, McLoughlin & Feng in Sui et al. | Permian (Lopingian) | Xuanwei Formation | China | A spore of a member of Isoetales. |
| Gemmamonocolpites barmerensis | Sp. nov | | Parmar et al. | Paleogene | | India | |
| Gemmamonocolpites chubutensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Grimmipollis | Gen et sp nov | | Huang, Morley, & Hoorn | late Eocene | Yaw Formation | Myanmar | A cupaniean sapindaceous pollen morphotype The type species is G. burmanica |
| Henrisporites qujingensis | Sp. nov | | Sui, McLoughlin & Feng in Sui et al. | Permian (Lopingian) | Xuanwei Formation | China | A lycopsid megaspore. |
| Henrisporites yunnanensis | Sp. nov | | Sui, McLoughlin & Feng in Sui et al. | Permian (Lopingian) | Xuanwei Formation | China | A lycopsid megaspore. |
| Inaperturopollenites fossulatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Krutzschipollis argentinum | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Lagenicula morbelliae | Sp. nov | | Quetglas, Di Pasquo & Macluf | Carboniferous (Tournaisian) | Toregua Formation | Bolivia | |
| Leschikisporis variabilis | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Liliacidites buitrensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Liliacidites lacunosus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Limatulasporites rugulatus | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Longapertites crassireticuloides | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Luminidites microreticulatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Lusatisporis choiols | Sp. nov | | Perez Loinaze et al. | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Chorrillo Formation | Argentina | A spore of uncertain affinities. |
| Nelumbopollenites patagonicus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | Pollen of a member of the family Nelumbonaceae. |
| Neoraistrickia stricta | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Nyssapollenites scabratus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Parviprojectus archangelskyi | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Periporopollenites delicatus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Pityosporites thoracatus | Comb. nov | Valid | (Balme) | Triassic | | Pakistan | Moved from Pinuspollenites thoracatus Balme (1970). |
| Podocarpidites rectangularis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Proteacidites baibianae | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Proteacidites mirasolensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Protohaploxypinus bonapartei | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Protohaploxypinus diazii | Sp. nov | Valid | Gutierrez & Zavattieri | Middle Triassic | Quebrada de los Fósiles Formation | Argentina | |
| Psilabrevitricolporites porolatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Psilatriletes brevilaesuratus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | A spore. |
| Punctatisporites interfoveolatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | A spore. |
| Retimonocolpites perforatus | Sp. nov | | Parmar et al. | Paleogene | | India | |
| Retimonoporites heterobrochatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Retitrescolpites miriabilis | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Retitricolporites ganganensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Retitricolporites irupensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Retitriporites irregularis | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Rousea robusta | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Rugutricolporites cumulus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Slavicekia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Heřmanová et al. | Late Cretaceous | | Czech Republic | Pollen from the Normapolles complex, likely produced by angiosperms belonging to the order Fagales. Genus includes new species S. inaequalis. |
| Sparganiaceaepollenites annulatus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Spinizonocolpites coloniensis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Spinizonocolpites variabilis | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Symplocoipollenites microechinatus | Sp. nov | | De Benedetti et al. | Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary | La Colonia Formation | Argentina | |
| Syncolporites angusticolpatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Syncolporites rostro | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Tetracolporopollenites torus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | Pollen of a flowering plant. |
| Thomasospora | Gen. et comb. nov | | Bek et al. | Paleozoic | | France | Spores produced by the lycophyte Thomasites serratus. Genus includes "Lycospora" gigantea Alpern. |
| Tricolpites brevicolpatus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Tricolpites multiornamentus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |
| Tricolporites densus | Sp. nov | | Mander, Jaramillo & Oboh-Ikuenobe | Paleogene | | Nigeria | |

### Palynological research

* Vajda et al. (2023) interpret Ricciisporites tuberculatus as an aberrant pollen produced by Lepidopteris ottonis plants, and interpret its fossil record as indicative of the competitive success of plants which adopted the asexual reproductive strategy under stressed environmental conditions before and during the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event; their interpretation of Ricciisporites and Cycadopites as produced by the same plant is subsequently contested by Zavialova (2024) and reaffirmed by Vajda et al. (2024).
* A study on the vegetation in Central Africa from the middle Aptian to early Albian, as indicated by palynomorphs from the Doseo Basin in the Central African Rift system, is published by Dou et al. (2023), who identify two assemblages of spore and pollen fossils, and interpret the differences between the assemblages as indicative of a vegetation change related to change from relatively arid to humid climate.
* Malaikanok et al. (2023) describe fossil pollen grains of members of the family Fagaceae from the Oligocene to Miocene Ban Pa Kha Subbasin of the Li Basin (Thailand), and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that, contrary to previous interpretations of the palynological record, tropical Fagaceae-dominated forests existed in northern Thailand at least since the late Paleogene and persisted into the modern vegetation of Thailand.
* A study on the environmental changes in the Lake Baikal region during the Marine Isotope Stage 3, as indicated by palynological data, is published by Shichi et al. (2023), who find that the dispersal of Homo sapiens into Baikal Siberia coincided with climate changes resulting in warm and humid conditions and vegetation changes.
* Evidence from the study of Last Interglacial pollen records across Europe, interpreted as indicating that European forests before the arrival of Homo sapiens included substantial open and light woodland elements, is presented by Pearce et al. (2023).

## Research

* A study on the evolution of the phenotypic disparity of plants, based on data from extant and fossil taxa, is published by Clark et al. (2023), who find that the morphological distinctiveness of extant plant group is in part the result of extinction of fossil plants with intermediate morphologies, and report evidence of a pattern of episodic sharp increases of morphological diversity throughout the evolutionary history of plants.
* A study on the evolution of the complexity of vascular plant reproductive structures, indicating that major reproductive innovations were associated with increased integration through greater interactions among component parts, is published by Leslie & Mander (2023).
* Evidence from mercury concentration and isotopic signatures of marine sedimentary rock samples spanning from the Cambrian to Permian, interpreted as indicating that vascular plants were already widely distributed on land during the Ordovician-Silurian transition, is presented by Yuan et al. (2023).
* Evidence indicating that the knowledge of the early plant diversity from the latest Silurian–Early Devonian fossil record is at least partly affected by the variation of the rock record is presented by Capel et al. (2023).
* A study on early land plant diversity patterns across known paleogeographical units (Laurussia, Siberia, Kazakhstania, Gondwana) throughout the Silurian and Devonian periods is published by Capel et al. (2023)
* A study on the survivorship and migration dynamics of plants from the paleocontinent Angarida during the Frasnian-Tournaisian internal, as indicated by fossil record from the Siberian platform (Russia), is published by Dowding, Akulov & Mashchuk (2023).
* Barrón et al. (2023) study the floral assemblages from the Cretaceous Maestrazgo Basin (Spain), providing evidence of the existence of conifer woodlands and fern/angiosperm communities thriving in the mid-Cretaceous Iberian Desert System, and report that the studied assemblages can generally be related to others from Europe and North America, but also included plants that were typical for northern Gondwana.
* A study on the fossil material of plants from the Cenomanian deposits of the Western Desert (Egypt) is published by El Atfy et al. (2023), who report the presence of five main vegetation types, and interpret the studied fossils as indicative of an overall warm and humid climate, punctuated by repeated phases of drier conditions.
* Moreau & Néraudeau (2023) describe an assemblage of Cenomanian plants from a new paleontological site La Gripperie-Saint-Symphorien (Charente-Maritime, France), which (unlike most of Albian-Cenomanian coastal floras from the Aquitaine Basin) is dominated by angiosperms.
* A study on the mid-Eocene vegetation in the southern Central Andes, based on spore-pollen record from the Casa Grande Formation (Jujuy, Argentina), is published by Tapia et al. (2023), who interpret their findings as indicative of a plant community with no close analogue in the modern South American vegetation, as well as indicative of subtropical or tropical conditions and frost-free winters.
* Description of fossil wood from the Brown Sands and Flat Sands localities in the Pliocene Usno Formation (Lower Omo valley, Ethiopia) is published by Jolly-Saad & Bonnefille (2023), who report that the studied assemblages strongly differ from other Miocene and Pliocene wood assemblages from Ethiopia, and interpret them as indicative of a seasonal climate and more humid climatic conditions compared to the present, but also as indicative of instability of climatic and environmental conditions, with significant changes in the composition of the tree cover during the time of existence of Australopithecus afarensis.
* A study on changes in functional diversity of plants from southeast Australia during the last 12,000 years, inferred from long-term pollen records, is published by Adeleye et al. (2023).
* The oldest flower and seed fossils of the wind-pollinated besom heaths, Erica sect. Chlorocodon, were found in Madeira Island within a 1.3 million-year-old fossil deposit.