# Nahan

Nahan is a town in Himachal Pradesh in India and is the headquarters of the Sirmaur District. It was the capital of the former Sirmur princely state. Nahan is also known as the "town of ponds".

## Geography

Nahan is located at 30°33′N 77°18′E﻿ / ﻿30.55°N 77.3°E﻿ / 30.55; 77.3. It has an average elevation of 932 metres.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Nahan tehsil had a population of 35,000. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Nahan has an average literacy rate of 85%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 86%, and female literacy is 79%. In Nahan, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. According to the 2011 Census of India, Nahan has a population of 56,000. The sex ratio was 916 females per thousand males and literacy rate stood at 83.4% with male literacy at 87.01% and female literacy at 76.71%.

## Nahan Town

Nahan is situated on a hill top in the Shiwalik Hills, overlooking green hills. Traditionally, saints and princes are linked with the origin of Nahan. The city was founded as in 1621 by Raja Karam Prakash. Another version recalls a saint who lived with a companion named Nahar on the site where the Nahan palace now stands. "Nahar" means 'don't kill' and the town probably takes its name from an incident when a king was trying to kill a lion and the saint said Nahar, that is 'do not kill it'. The name of the saint was Baba Banwari Das. Another version is that Nahar means Lion in Sanskrit. At the place where Nahan is, Lions were there so it was named Nahar and latter called Nahan, which is distortion of Nahar
At an altitude of 932 m, Nahan is a used as a base for visits to the surrounding areas such as Renuka Lake, Paonta Sahib, Trilokpur and the Suketi Fossil Park. It is watered by a man-made lake and has several temples and gardens. Nahan has got the crown to organize the second Municipal Corporation in India, after Kolkata.
Underground sewerage system in this town is unbeatable and hence it bears the title to be a neat and clean town. Well planned streets make all the long distances calm and traffic-free. The narrow fields are used by the pedestrians to move fast on foot to avoid traffic.
The Municipal Corporation Office is also situated near to the Pakka Tank. The Sirmour district has been extensively criss-crossed by rivers and the streams and most of them having perennial water flow of considerable volume. With the result, fishing on the rivers and streams has been an old pastime in the district. The mulle, Masheer, Gid and Mirror cap varieties are found on a large scale, helping in the economic well being of the people.
Industrially, Sirmour district was not much advanced. The first such unit was set up in 1875, which was taken over by the govt.
In 1964 A.D. The Chief items of this foundry were cane crusher, cast iron and black sheet panes flour mills, centrifugal pumps mono-block pump sets and other agricultural implements and accessories. This Foundry was overtaken by the Britishers during the British Rule in India. This foundry is situated near the Kalisthan Temple. Also, there is a house opposite to the Nahan Foundry which was constructed by Britishers for the general manager of the foundry in 1945, currently in possession of government as Sessions House where the District & Sessions Judge of Nahan resides.

## Places of interest

The gentle level walks of Villa Round and Hospital Round (Chakkar Ke Sadak) are evocative of the city's past. The hub of Nahan's activities is Chaugan. The Mall Road is one of the favourite places of youngsters to walk along in the evening after a college day. The people of Nahan are known for taking frequent evening walks around the city. People regularly go for an evening walk in the market and on The Mall. People like to meet in market and also visit the homes of friends on regular basis, mostly during this evening walk. Gift shops, Rosin & Turpentine factory and local temples are among the other major attractions. Other places of visit include Markanda (8 km from Nahan), Jamta, and Renuka Ji Lake (35 km). In the heart of Nahan town is Rani Tal, where a large temple and a water pond from the days of ex-rulers of Sirmaur state can be seen. Ducks and cranes can be seen playing in the Ranital pond, and Ranital Garden further adds to the charm. Pakka Talab is one of the other ponds which has been renovated. There is a big in the Pakka Tank, and the garden seats are being installed. Pakka Tank is also the place to celebrate two most important festivals of the town, that is BamanDwadshi Fair and Gugga Peer Fair. Pakka tank is also well known for its wholesale vegetable market, which recently shifted to Kanshiwalla. The one and only Railway reservation centre of Nahan is also situated in the Panchayat Ghar, Pakka Tank. Gunnu Ghat is the center of the Nahan City. All short-cuts leads to everywhere from this center point. Historical Miyan Ka mandir is very popular and gets good gathering on Krishna janam Ashtmi.

### Religious places

* Shri Digambar Jain Mandir
* Shiv Ji Temple Saltevni
* Kalisthan Temple
* Jagannath Temple
* Rani Tal Shiv Temple
* Shiva Parvati Temple, Kumhar Gali (300 years old)
* Gurudwara Dashmesh Asthaan, Nahan
* Gurudwara Jhanda Ji, Shimla Road, Nahan
* Shri Krishna Temple, Nahan Cantt.
* Miyan Ka Mandir
* Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Upper Street
* Shudh Dhaar Shiv Mandir
* Nainidhar Shiv Mandir
* Bhagnari Shiv Mandir
* Sanatan Dharam Mandir
* Mata Balasundari Temple, Hospital Round
* Masjid Shamsher Ganj, Police line
* Lakhdata peer ji, Kacha tank*
* Jamia Masjid

## Nearby places

* Paonta Sahib: 45 km
* Rajban : 55 km
* Rama Dhaun : 14 km
* Kala Amb: 17 km
* Suketi: 21 km
* Trilokpur: 23 km
* Dhaulakuan : 24 km
* Giri Nagar: 28 km
* Renuka: 35 km
* Kotla-Molar: 55 km
* Palnoo: 50 km
* Yamunanagar : 65 km
* Ambala : 65 km
* Chandigarh : 85 km
* Dehradun : 92 km
* Mussorie : 125 km
* Sarahan : 43 km
* Sadhaura : 31 km
* Mandhana : 35 km
* Jamta : 13 km
* Jaitak Fort : 18 km
* Shimla: 135 km

## Climate

Climate data for Nahan (1991–2020, extremes 1953–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.4 (81.3) | 31.4 (88.5) | 37.6 (99.7) | 43.1 (109.6) | 46.2 (115.2) | 46.0 (114.8) | 42.7 (108.9) | 39.4 (102.9) | 37.5 (99.5) | 36.0 (96.8) | 32.6 (90.7) | 30.4 (86.7) | 46.2 (115.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) | 19.9 (67.8) | 25.4 (77.7) | 31.2 (88.2) | 33.6 (92.5) | 32.4 (90.3) | 28.6 (83.5) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.4 (81.3) | 23.0 (73.4) | 19.0 (66.2) | 26.2 (79.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) | 10.2 (50.4) | 15.1 (59.2) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.7 (72.9) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 20.4 (68.7) | 18.2 (64.8) | 13.6 (56.5) | 9.8 (49.6) | 17.1 (62.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.6 (27.3) | −1.1 (30.0) | 2.2 (36.0) | 6.1 (43.0) | 10.0 (50.0) | 10.5 (50.9) | 13.7 (56.7) | 12.8 (55.0) | 11.5 (52.7) | 6.4 (43.5) | 0.6 (33.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | −2.6 (27.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 46.1 (1.81) | 64.5 (2.54) | 40.3 (1.59) | 22.9 (0.90) | 39.9 (1.57) | 234.4 (9.23) | 479.8 (18.89) | 504.5 (19.86) | 232.7 (9.16) | 40.7 (1.60) | 5.8 (0.23) | 21.7 (0.85) | 1,733.1 (68.23) |
| Average rainy days | 2.3 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 8.4 | 15.7 | 15.1 | 8.5 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 64.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 63 | 57 | 44 | 30 | 34 | 56 | 82 | 86 | 79 | 58 | 54 | 59 | 58 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department ||||||||||||||

## Suketi Fossil Park

Suketi Fossil Park, also known as Shivalik Fossil Park, at a distance of 21 km from Nahan, displays lifesize fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) models of pre-historic animals whose fossil skeletons were unearthed here. The park is the first of its kind in Asia to be developed at the actual discovery site of fossils. The Park is located on the left bank of the Markanda river and is approachable by a link road 4 km from highway from Haryana. Located on upper and middle Shiwaliks, consisting mainly of soft sandstone and clay rocks, the park at present has six sets of life-size models, of Stegodonganesa, Sivatherium, Hexaprotodon sivalensis, Colosschelys atlas, Paramachaerdus and Crocodilia, Mesozoic animals which once thrived in the region.
On 31 October 2010, Senior lecturer of commissioned Interns of Department of Geological Survey, found around two and half feet long ivory, buried in Sand soil. The age of the ivory is being told as around 150,000 years, on bases of carbon dating done in the region in the past.

## Trilokpur Temple

Raja Dip Prakash built Trilokpur Temple in 1573 and it is situated at a distance of 23 km from Nahan and 6 km from Kala Amb, the gateway to Nahan from Haryana. Trilokpur is a place of great religious importance. The temple of the goddess Mahamaya Bala Sundri is attracts lakhs of devotees from all over northern India, especially from Haryana and Himachal. A fair is held twice a year during the Navratra in April and October when a large number of devotees visit this temple and pay their respects to the goddess.

## Dhaula Kuan

Dhaulakuan - On the road to Paonta Sahib 20 km from Nahan, it is worth while to stop and see a sprawling orchard consisting of citrus plants and mangoes and a fruit canning factory of various kinds of juices, jams, pickles and canned fruits. A little away from Dhaula Kuan is Kastasan Devi temple where Raja Jagat Singh defeated the advancing army of Rustam Qadir Rohilla in a great battle. Their victory is commemorated in the Devi Temple, built in gratitude by the Raja. Dhaula Kuan also has a research station of H.P., KVV where useful research on tropical fruits is carried out.

## Giri Nagar

Situated at a distance of 5 km from Dhaula Kuan, Nahan- Paonta Sahib main highway, this town has a power house of 60 MW capacity, constructed after diverting the Giri river through a 6 km long tunnel. This town situated on the Giri river so called GIRI NAGAR.It has a power house of 60 MW capacity and supply the power to the Uttar Pradesh and Punjab.

## Transport infrastructure
### Air

The nearest airport is Chandigarh, with Dehradun as an option. Shimla Airport is the next nearest airport.

### Rail

The nearest railway stations are Barara, Ambala, Chandigarh and Kalka, which are connected by a regular bus service. Yamunanagar is another rail station close to the town

### Road

Nahan is well connected to Himachal and rest of India through National Highway 7 and National Highway 907A. Nahan is approachable from many directions by road: via Baila from Rajban, via Dehra Dun through Paonta Sahib; via Panchkula-Naraingarh-Kala Amb from Chandigarh, via Yamunanagar-Hathanikund from Haryana and via Solan-Kumarhatti from Shimla. There are regular bus services linking it to the other towns like Shimla, Chandigarh, Dehradun, Delhi and Haridwar. If you are coming from Delhi, the best and shortest route option is to take the road via Saha. For Saha, take a right exit from NH1 after crossing Shahbad and then the bridge on River Markanda. Buses are available from many places , direct buses from Amritsar, Chandigarh,Delhi ,Ambala ,shimla,ludhiana,Bathinda, Jammu katra,dehradun,haridwar,vikasnagar,chopal,nerwa, haldwani are available from different state transports like hrtc prtc ctu haryana roadways punbus etc. Bus stand is located in middle of city , you can also board buses from do sarka (shaktinagar) that is by pass for nahan

## Fairs and festivals
### Vaaman Dwadshi

Nahan celebrates Vaaman Dwadshi towards the end of the monsoon, when fifty-two cult images of local gods are carried in procession to Jagannath Temple, where they are floated ceremoniously in a pool and are restored at midnight to their niches.

### Gugga Veer Fair

A fair is celebrated in Nahan to mark the honour of Gogaji (गोगाजी) also known as Gugga (is a folk deity of Rajasthan state in India). He is an eminent warrior-hero of the region. Hindus and Muslims alike honor him. He is also venerated as a saint and even as 'snake-god'. He is known as Goga among the Hindus and Jahar Peer among the Muslims. The Kaimkhani Muslims claim descent from him and regard him as a peer (saint).

### Jamta Fair

The Ashtami(अष्टमी) Fair is organised in the village Jamta(जमटा) by the Gram Panchayat(ग्राम पंचायत) every year, two days prior the "DUSSHEHRA"(दशहरा) festival.

## Education facilities

The boarding school available at Judda Ka Johar is about 5 km from the main town and is directly run and managed by HRD Ministry of India. Students from distant places come to get education in this institute.
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar medical college, Nahan is the established as the third medical college started in 2016 with an intake capacity of 100 subsequently increased to 120. Established in the year 2016, the college is named after Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, a stalwart in Himachal Pradesh politics and the state's first Chief Minister. The college was founded with the vision of providing quality medical education and healthcare services to the people of the region. Over the years, YSPGMC has evolved into a leading institution, offering undergraduate and postgraduate medical courses. The campus is equipped with modern facilities, including well-equipped laboratories, libraries, and advanced medical technology. The college also plays a crucial role in addressing the healthcare needs of the region by providing quality medical services and contributing to medical research.
Colleges of Himachal Pradesh is in Nahan which provides a dual degree course. Shastri as well as B.A. degree can be availed from this college. The college has its own building and provides a hostel for the boys.
Govt. Post Graduate College is the only centre for the graduation and post graduation Courses of H.P University. Students from distant places come here for there higher education. The college provides the Hostel Facility to the girls.
Near to this town 2 engineering colleges namely Himalayan Group Of Professional Institutions, Kala-amb (20 km) and Green Hills Engg College, Kumarhatti (About 60 km) are available.
Himachal may have been ranked amongst the best in the country with regard to health and education but the picture in the district of Sirmaur in this regard does not seem to be too rosy.
Sirmaur also has number of Computer Education centres.
Other schools available are
* Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Nahan
* Career Academy Senior Secondary School
* Carmel Convent School
* Army Public School Nahan
* A.V.N public school
* D.A.V Public School
* Sirmaur Hills Public School
* Holy Heart Public School
* Silver Bells Public School Nahan (Middle School)
* S.V.N Public School
* Model Primary School
* Shamsher Senior Secondary School
* Cantt Primary School
* Mandir Primary School
* Parangat Primary School
* Aastha Special School (for special children)