# Prime Minister of Slovenia

The prime minister of Slovenia, officially the president of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Predsednik Vlade Republike Slovenije), is the head of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia. There have been nine officeholders since the country gained parliamentary democracy in 1989 (as well as two between 1945 and 1953, when the office was renamed "President of the Executive Council").
The prime minister of Slovenia is nominated by the president of the republic after consultation with the parties represented in the National Assembly. The candidate is then formally elected by a simple majority of the National Assembly. If no candidate receives a majority, a new vote must be held within 14 days. If no candidate receives a majority after this round, the President must dissolve the legislature and call new parliamentary elections unless the National Assembly agrees to hold a third round. If no candidate is elected after a third round, then the legislature is automatically dissolved pending new elections. In practice, since the appointee must command a majority of the National Assembly in order to govern, the appointee is usually the leader of the majority party in the National Assembly or the leader of the senior partner in the governing coalition. The National Assembly can only withdraw its support from a prime minister by way of a constructive vote of no confidence–that is, a motion of no confidence is of no effect unless a prospective successor has the support of a majority. The prime minister is also the president of the National Security Council.

## Election

The prime minister is elected by the National Assembly of Slovenia.

### First round

Following the parliamentary election new National Assembly meets at the constitutive session (usually around 2–3 weeks after election; the president of the republic convenes the session after receiving the official report on election from the State Election Commission), after which new parliamentary groups are officially formed. After all groups are formed (usually within few days), the president meets with leaders of the groups for consultations. During the consultations, the president tries to identify a candidate that could secure an absolute majority in the National Assembly (46 votes). After the consultations, the president can officially propose a candidate to the president of the National Assembly, this has to be done within 30 days after the constitutive session. Assembly takes vote on the candidate within 7 days, but not earlier than 48 hours after proposal. Candidate has to present his vision of his government before the National Assembly before the vote. When a prime minister is elected, the formation of a new government begins.

### Second round

If there is no prime minister elected, the second round will take place. After new consultations, the president can propose a new candidate or the same candidate again within 14 days of the first round vote. In the second round parliamentary groups and groups of 10 MPs can propose a candidate as well. Vote takes place no earlier than 48 hours from the proposal but not later than 7 days from it. If there are more candidates proposed, the National Assembly will first vote on the candidate proposed by the president, only if that candidate is not elected, The assembly will take votes on other candidates in the order of submission of the proposals. A prime minister is elected with absolute majority (46 votes). When a prime minister is elected, formation of a new government begins.
If the National Assembly once again fails to elect a prime minister, the president will dissolve the National Assembly and call a snap election, unless the National Assembly decides, within 48 hours from the vote, to hold a third round of election.

### Third round

In the third round, the prime minister is elected by a relative majority (majority of present MPs). Votes take place within seven days from the decision but not earlier than 48 hours. In the third round, the National Assembly first votes on all the candidates from the first and second round, and if none of the candidates receives a majority of votes, then it will vote on new proposals, first on the proposal by the president, then on the other in the order of submission. If a prime minister is elected formation of a new government begins, if not, the president dissolves the National Assembly and snap election takes place.

### Oath of office

The prime minister officially takes office after all of his ministers take oath of office before the National Assembly, following the election of government with a relative majority in the National Assembly. The prime minister takes the oath of office after his election.
The prime minister and other ministers take the same oath of office according to the Article 104 of the Constitution: “I swear that I shall uphold the constitutional order, that I shall act according to my conscience and that I shall do all in my power for the good of Slovenia.”

## List of prime ministers of Slovenia
### Preceding posts (prior to independence)

Province within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) :
| Name (Birth–Death) | Name (Birth–Death) | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | King of Yugoslavia (reign) | King of Yugoslavia (reign) |
| Name (Birth–Death) | Name (Birth–Death) | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Political party | King of Yugoslavia (reign) | King of Yugoslavia (reign) |
| Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Prime Minister of Slovenes (1918–1919) | Peter I (1918–1921) |
| | | Jožef Pogačnik (1866–1932) | 31 October 1918 | 20 January 1919 | Slovene People's Party | Peter I (1918–1921) |
| Peter I (1918–1921) ||||||
| | | Janko Brejc (1869–1934) | 20 January 1919 | 14 December 1920 | Slovene People's Party | Peter I (1918–1921) |
| | | Leonid Pitamic (1885–1971) | 14 December 1920 | 19 February 2021 | Independent | Alexander I (1921–1934) |
| | | Viljem Baltič (1878–1959) | 19 February 2021 | 9 July 1921 | Independent | Alexander I (1921–1934) |
| | | Ivan Hribar (1851–1941) | 9 July 1921 | 3 December 1924 | Yugoslav Democratic Party | Alexander I (1921–1934) |
| Alexander I (1921–1934) ||||||
| | | Dušan Sernec (1882–1952) | 9 October 1929 | 4 December 1930 | Slovene People's Party | Alexander I (1921–1934) |
| | | Drago Marušič (1884–1964) | 4 December 1930 | 8 February 1935 | Yugoslav National Party | Alexander I (1921–1934) |
| | | Dinko Puc (1879–1945) | 8 February 1935 | 10 September 1935 | Yugoslav Democratic Party | Peter II (1934–1941) |
| | | Marko Natlačen (1886–1942) | 10 September 1935 | 16 April 1941 | Slovene People's Party | Peter II (1934–1941) |
Socialist Republic within the SFR Yugoslavia (1945–1990) :
| No. | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Political party |
| Prime Ministers (1945–1953) ||||||
| 1 | Boris Kidrič (1912–1953) | 5 May 1945 | June 1946 | Communist Party of Slovenia |
| 2 | Miha Marinko (1900–1983) | June 1946 | 1953 | Communist Party of Slovenia renamed in 1952 to League of Communists of Slovenia |
| Presidents of the Executive Council (1953–1991) |||||
| 2 | Miha Marinko (1900–1983) | 1953 | 15 December 1953 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 3 | Boris Kraigher (1914–1967) | 15 December 1953 | 25 June 1962 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 4 | Viktor Avbelj (1914–1993) | 25 June 1962 | 1965 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 5 | Janko Smole (1921–2010) | 1965 | 1967 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 6 | Stane Kavčič (1919–1987) | 1967 | 8 November 1972 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 7 | Andrej Marinc (born 1930) | 27 November 1972 | 9 May 1978 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 8 | Anton Vratuša (1915–2017) | April 1978 | July 1980 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 9 | Janez Zemljarič (1928–2022) | July 1980 | 23 May 1984 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| 10 | Dušan Šinigoj (1933–2024) | 23 May 1984 | 16 May 1990 | League of Communists of Slovenia |
| | Dušan Šinigoj (1933–2024) | 23 May 1984 | 16 May 1990 | Party of Democratic Renewal |

### Prime Ministers of the Republic of Slovenia

Social democrats (1);   ZLSD / SD     Social liberals (6);   LDS   PS   ZaAB / SAB   SMC   LMŠ   GS Christian democrats (2);   SKD   SLS   NSi     National conservatives (1);   SDSS / SDS :
| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | Coalition | Coalition | National Assembly | President (term) | President (term) |
| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Days | Political party | Coalition | Coalition | National Assembly | President (term) | President (term) |
| | 1 | | Lojze Peterle (born 1948) | 16 May 1990 | 14 May 1992 | 729 | SKD | • | SKD–SDZ–SLS–SDSS–ZS | C (1990) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 2 | | Janez Drnovšek (1950–2008) | 14 May 1992 | 25 January 1993 | 2,946 | LDS | I | LDS–DS–SDS–SSS–ZS–ZLSD | 1 (1992) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 2 | | Janez Drnovšek (1950–2008) | 25 January 1993 | 27 February 1997 | 2,946 | LDS | II | LDS–SKD–SDS (1993–1994)–ZLSD (1993–1996) | 1 (1992) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 2 | | Janez Drnovšek (1950–2008) | 27 February 1997 | 7 June 2000 | 2,946 | LDS | III | LDS–SLS–DeSUS | 2 (1996) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 3 | | Andrej Bajuk (1943–2011) | 7 June 2000 | 4 August 2000 | 176 | SLS | • | SLS–SKD–SDS | 2 (1996) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 3 | | Andrej Bajuk (1943–2011) | 4 August 2000 | 30 November 2000 | 176 | NSi | • | SLS–SKD–SDS | 2 (1996) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | (2) | | Janez Drnovšek (1950–2008) | 30 November 2000 | 19 December 2002 | 749 | LDS | IV | LDS–SLS–DeSUS–ZLSD | 3 (2000) | | M. Kučan (1990–2002) |
| | 4 | | Anton Rop (born 1960) | 19 December 2002 | 3 December 2004 | 715 | LDS | • | LDS–SLS–DeSUS–ZLSD | 3 (2000) | | J. Drnovšek (2002–2007) |
| | 5 | | Janez Janša (born 1958) | 3 December 2004 | 21 November 2008 | 1,449 | SDS | I | SDS–NSi–SLS–DeSUS | 4 (2004) | | J. Drnovšek (2002–2007) |
| | 6 | | Borut Pahor (born 1963) | 21 November 2008 | 10 February 2012 | 1,176 | SD | • | SD–DeSUS (2008–2011)–LDS–Zares (2008–2011) | 5 (2008) | | D. Türk (2007–2012) |
| | (5) | | Janez Janša (born 1958) | 10 February 2012 | 20 March 2013 | 404 | SDS | II | SDS–NSi–SLS–DeSUS–DL | 6 (2011) | | D. Türk (2007–2012) |
| | 7 | | Alenka Bratušek (born 1970) | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 | 547 | PS | • | PS–DeSUS–DL–SD–ZaAB (2014) | 6 (2011) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | 7 | | Alenka Bratušek (born 1970) | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 | 547 | ZaAB | • | PS–DeSUS–DL–SD–ZaAB (2014) | 6 (2011) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | 8 | | Miro Cerar (born 1963) | 18 September 2014 | 13 September 2018 | 1,456 | SMC | • | SMC–SD–DeSUS | 7 (2014) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | 9 | | Marjan Šarec (born 1977) | 13 September 2018 | 3 March 2020 | 537 | LMŠ | • | LMŠ–SD–SMC–SAB–DeSUS, with Levica support | 8 (2018) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | (5) | | Janez Janša (born 1958) | 3 March 2020 | 25 May 2022 | 813 | SDS | III | SDS–SMC–DeSUS (2020–2021)–NSi, with SNS support | 8 (2018) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | 10 | | Robert Golob (born 1967) | 25 May 2022 | Incumbent | 970 | GS | • | GS (LMŠ–SAB, 2022)–SD–Levica | 9 (2022) | | B. Pahor (2012–2022) |
| | 10 | | Robert Golob (born 1967) | 25 May 2022 | Incumbent | 970 | GS | • | GS (LMŠ–SAB, 2022)–SD–Levica | 9 (2022) | | N. Pirc Musar (2022–) |

## Statistics

| No. | Prime Minister | Date of birth | Age at inauguration (first term) | Time in office (total) | Age at retirement (last term) | Date of death | Longevity |
| 1 | Peterle, AlojzAlojz Peterle | 5 July 1948(5 July 1948) | 41 years, 315 days | 1 year, 364 days | 43 years, 314 days | Living | 76 years, 198 days (living) |
| 2 | Drnovšek, JanezJanez Drnovšek | 17 May 1950(17 May 1950) | 41 years, 363 days | 10 years, 45 days | 52 years, 216 days | 23 February 2008 | 57 years, 282 days |
| 3 | Bajuk, AndrejAndrej Bajuk | October 18, 1943(18 October 1943) | 56 years, 233 days | 176 days | 57 years, 43 days | 16 August 2011 | 67 years, 302 days |
| 4 | Rop, AntonAnton Rop | 27 December 1960(27 December 1960) | 41 years, 357 days | 1 year, 350 days | 43 years, 342 days | Living | 64 years, 23 days (living) |
| 5 | Janša, JanezJanez Janša | 17 September 1958(17 September 1958) | 46 years, 77 days | 7 years, 109 days | 63 years, 250 days | Living | 66 years, 124 days (living) |
| 6 | Pahor, BorutBorut Pahor | 2 November 1963(2 November 1963) | 45 years, 19 days | 3 years, 81 days | 48 years, 100 days | Living | 61 years, 78 days (living) |
| 7 | Bratušek, AlenkaAlenka Bratušek | 31 March 1970(31 March 1970) | 42 years, 354 days | 1 year, 182 days | 44 years, 171 days | Living | 54 years, 294 days (living) |
| 8 | Cerar Jr., MiroslavMiro Cerar | 25 August 1963(25 August 1963) | 51 years, 24 days | 3 years, 360 days | 55 years, 19 days | Living | 61 years, 147 days (living) |
| 9 | Šarec, MarjanMarjan Šarec | 2 December 1977(2 December 1977) | 40 years, 285 days | 1 year, 182 days | 42 years, 102 days | Living | 47 years, 48 days (living) |
| 10 | Golob, RobertRobert Golob | 23 January 1967(2 December 1977) | 55 years, 122 days | ongoing | Incumbent | Living | 57 years, 362 days (living) |

### Timeline
## Deputy prime minister

Deputy prime minister is an unofficial title given to certain ministers in the government (usually leaders of coalition parties other than that from which prime minister comes). Deputy prime minister does not have any additional duties to those that come with the office of minister. There are usually multiple deputy prime ministers in each government.

### List of deputy prime ministers

| Government | Deputy Prime Ministers | Deputy Prime Ministers | Deputy Prime Ministers | Deputy Prime Ministers | Took office | Left office |
| Prime Minister | Name | Party | Party | Other functions in the government | Took office | Left office |
| I Lojze Peterle | Mitja Malešič | | | None; responsible for social activities | 16 May 1990 | 14 May 1992 |
| I Lojze Peterle | Jože Mencinger | | | None; responsible for economy | 16 May 1990 | 8 May 1991 |
| I Lojze Peterle | Andrej Ocvirk | | | None; responsible for economy | 8 May 1991 | 14 May 1992 |
| I Lojze Peterle | Leopold Šešerko | | | None; responsible for environment and regional development | 16 May 1990 | 14 May 1992 |
| II Janez Drnovšek | Jože Pučnik | | SDSS | None | 14 May 1992 | 25 January 1993 |
| II Janez Drnovšek | Herman Rigelnik | | LDS | None | 14 May 1992 | 25 January 1993 |
| II Janez Drnovšek | Viktor Žakelj | | LDS | None | 14 May 1992 | 25 January 1993 |
| IV Janez Drnovšek | Marjan Podobnik | | SLS | | 27 February 1997 | 15 April 2000 |
| X Janez Janša | Radovan Žerjav | | SLS | Minister of Economic Development and Technology | 10 February 2010 | 25 February 2013 |
| X Janez Janša | Karl Erjavec | | DeSUS | Minister of Foreign Affairs | 10 February 2010 | 22 February 2013 |
| X Janez Janša | Ljudmila Novak | | NSi | Minister without portfolio for Slovenians Abroad | 10 February 2010 | 20 March 2013 |
| XI Alenka Bratušek | Dejan Židan | | SD | Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Food | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 |
| XI Alenka Bratušek | Gregor Virant | | DL | Minister of the Interior and Public Administration | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 |
| XI Alenka Bratušek | Karl Erjavec | | DeSUS | Minister of Foreign Affairs | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 |
| XII Miro Cerar | Boris Koprivnikar | | SMC | Minister of Public Administration | 18 September 2014 | 13 September 2018 |
| XII Miro Cerar | Karl Erjavec | | DeSUS | Minister of Foreign Affairs | 18 September 2014 | 13 September 2018 |
| XII Miro Cerar | Dejan Židan | | SD | Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Food | 18 September 2014 | 13 September 2018 |
| XIII Marjan Šarec | Andrej Bertoncelj | | LMŠ | Minister of Finance | 13 September 2018 | 13 March 2020 |
| XIII Marjan Šarec | Jernej Pikalo | | SD | Minister of Education, Science and Sport | 13 September 2018 | 13 March 2020 |
| XIII Marjan Šarec | Miro Cerar | | SMC | Minister of Foreign Affairs | 13 September 2018 | 13 March 2020 |
| XIII Marjan Šarec | Alenka Bratušek | | SAB | Minister of Infrastructure | 13 September 2018 | 13 March 2020 |
| XIII Marjan Šarec | Karl Erjavec | | DeSUS | Minister of Defence | 13 September 2018 | 13 March 2020 |
| XIV Janez Janša | Zdravko Počivalšek | | SMC | Minister of Economic Development and Technology | 13 March 2020 | 1 June 2022 |
| XIV Janez Janša | Matej Tonin | | NSi | Minister of Defence | 13 March 2020 | 1 June 2022 |
| XIV Janez Janša | Aleksandra Pivec | | DeSUS | Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Food | 13 March 2020 | 5 October 2020 |
| XV Robert Golob | Tanja Fajon | | SD | Minister of Foreign and European Affairs | 1 June 2022 | Incumbent |
| XV Robert Golob | Luka Mesec | | The Left | Minister of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities | 1 June 2022 | Incumbent |
| XV Robert Golob | Danijel Bešič Loredan | | GS | Minister of Health | 1 June 2022 | 13 July 2023 |