# Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation

The ranks and insignia used by Russian Ground Forces are inherited from the military ranks of the Soviet Union, although the insignia and uniform have been altered slightly.
Civil service insignia may be confused with military insignia. Civil servants within the Russian Ministry of Defense may carry green or black service uniforms. See State civilian and municipal service ranks of the Russian Federation for a list of civil ranks.

## Ranks and insignia

The following is a table of ranks of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. English translation is given first, followed by Russian version, then by English transliteration.

### Officers

| Category | Troop ranks |
| Supreme and general officers | Marshal of the Russian Federation Ма́ршал Росси́йской Федера́ции Márshal Rossíyskoy Federátsii |
| Supreme and general officers | Army general Генера́л а́рмии Generál ármii |
| Supreme and general officers | Colonel general Генера́л-полко́вник Generál-polkóvnik |
| Supreme and general officers | Lieutenant general Генера́л-лейтена́нт Generál-leytenánt |
| Supreme and general officers | Major general Генера́л-майо́р Generál-mayór |
| Senior officers or field grade officers | Colonel Полко́вник Polkóvnik |
| Senior officers or field grade officers | Lieutenant colonel Подполко́вник Podpolkóvnik |
| Senior officers or field grade officers | Major Майо́р Mayór |
| Junior officers or company grade officers | Captain Kапита́н Kapitán |
| Junior officers or company grade officers | Senior lieutenant Ста́рший лейтена́нт Stárshiy leytenánt |
| Junior officers or company grade officers | Lieutenant Лейтена́нт Leytenánt |
| Junior officers or company grade officers | Junior lieutenant Mла́дший лейтена́нт Mládshiy leytenánt |
| Student officers | Officer cadet Курса́нт Kursánt |

### Other ranks

| Category | Troop ranks |
| Warrant officers | Senior warrant officer Ста́рший пра́порщик Stárshiy práporshchik |
| Warrant officers | Warrant officer Пра́порщик Práporshchik |
| Sergeants | Sergeant major Старшина́ Starshiná |
| Sergeants | Senior sergeant Ста́рший сержа́нт Stárshiy serzhánt |
| Sergeants | Sergeant Сержа́нт Serzhánt |
| Sergeants | Junior sergeant Мла́дший сержа́нт Mládshiy serzhánt |
| Enlisted | Private first class Ефре́йтор Yefréytor |
| Enlisted | Private Рядово́й Ryadovóy |
Rank titles are sometimes modified due to a particular assignment, branch, or status:
* The ranks of servicemen assigned to a "guards" unit or formation are preceded by the word "guards";
* The ranks of servicemen in the legal, medical, and veterinary branches are followed by "of justice", "of the medical service", and "of the veterinary service", respectively;
* The ranks of servicemen in the reserve or retired are followed by "of the reserve" or "in retirement", respectively.

## Reforms
### Insignia reform (2010)

On 11 March 2010, Law No.2010-293 of the President of Russia introduced a new set of rank insignia. Privates, airmen, and seamen now wear plain shoulder epaulets. Senior NCOs had their chevrons replaced by plain bars (small horizontal bars for corporals and sergeants increasing in number with seniority, large horizontal bars for staff sergeants, and vertical bars for master sergeants). These rank badges mirror the insignia of both the Imperial Russian Army and the Soviet Army in the 1970s. Warrant officers and officers received new shoulder rank epaulettes and all general officer insignia now reflect service affiliation in the duty dress uniform. The parade dress gold epaulets have been retained. The insignia for a marshal of the Russian Federation retained the coat of arms of Russia and the marshal's star.

### Rank and insignia reform (2013)

In 2013, the insignia of an army general now included the marshal's star, surmounted by a red star in a wreath. In Spring 2013, the warrant officer ranks, which had been removed as a result of the 2008 Russian military reform, were reinstated.