OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Minerva armoured car

The Minerva armoured car (Dutch: Minerva pantserwagen, French: Automitrailleuse Minerva) was a military armoured car expediently developed by Minerva civilian automobiles in Belgium at the start of the First World War.

## Background

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the first military armoured vehicles were manufactured by adding armour and weapons to existing vehicles. The first armoured car was the Simms' Motor War Car, designed by F.R. Simms in response to the Second Boer War and built by Vickers, Sons & Maxim in Britain
Another early armoured car of the period was the French Charron, Girardot et Voigt 1902, presented at the Salon de l'Automobile et du cycle in Brussels, on 8 March 1902. The vehicle was equipped with a Hotchkiss machine gun, and with 7 mm armour for the gunner although it, too, was only a prototype and never used in warfare.

## History

The Minerva's use in combat in August 1914 made Belgium the first Nation to employ armoured cars in World War I, though Italy had previously been the first to use armoured cars in a theatre of conflict, in the 1911–1912 Italo-Turkish War. Also the armoured Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade was formed on August 24, 1914 and close to being assembled by that September.
During the war those that could afford to rode into battle on their own horses, much like this (in 1914) Lieutenant Charles Henkart arranged for two of his civilian Minerva Motor Works tourers to be armoured at the Cockerill Works in Hoboken. The initial armoured cars were ad hoc but soon Minerva had created a standard design. American papers were reporting the use of the armoured car by September 1914. The crew was partially exposed to gunfire with the open top. This would prove fatal to Lieutenant Henkart when on September 6, 1914 he was killed by gunfire after the armoured car he was in was caught in a German ambush. Before the Minerva factory was captured during the German invasion and occupation of Belgium about thirty Minerva armored cars were built. In 1916 the design of the original armoured car was completely revised. The open top was now fully enclosed and the machine gun under an armoured cupola. The Belgian Army used the cars as motorised cavalry units with three-car platoons. The armoured car units were mostly used for reconnaissance, infantry fire support and missions behind enemy lines. After the Western Front became bogged down in trench warfare some of the cars were sent to the Eastern Front with the Belgian Expeditionary Corps in Russia.

## Gallery

* 1914
* In action in 1914 near Lombardsijde (Belgium)
* In action at a roadblock in 1914
* Combat Group – Minerva model 1914
* Crew of a Belgian Minerva armoured car 1914
* With the French Marines in 1915
* Belgian corps in Russia (1915–1917)
* In action (1918)
The Germans were able to capture three of the cars and modified them for use during the invasion of Romania with at least one being used during the 1919 troubles.
# Kumara Jayakody

Punya Sri Kumara Jayakody (පුණ්‍ය ශ්‍රී කුමාර ජයකොඩි ) is a Sri Lankan politician and an engineer, who has served as the Minister of Energy of the Government of Sri Lanka since November 2024. He is a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka from National list since November 2024 as a member of the National People's Power. He is a member of the National People's Power (NPP), and also a national executive committee member of NPP.
He is an engineer by profession.
Kumara Jayakody is a Sri Lankan engineer and politician, currently serving as the Minister of Energy since November 18, 2024. He was appointed following the general election victory of President Anura Kumara Dissanayake's leftist coalition.
Jayakody entered Parliament via the National List on November 21, 2024, representing the National People's Power (NPP). As an engineer by profession, he brings technical expertise to his role, focusing on the country's energy sector.
In his capacity as Minister of Energy, Jayakody has engaged with renewable energy investors to explore sustainable energy solutions for Sri Lanka. He has also conducted inspections of key infrastructure, such as the Trincomalee oil tank complex, showcasing his commitment to improving the nation's energy framework.
# Salma Akhter

Moushumi Akhter Salma (born 1 January 1991), commonly known as Salma Akhter, is a Bangladeshi folk singer. She rose to fame in 2006 after winning the second season of "Closeup 1 Tomakei Khujchhey Bangladesh", a television series broadcast on NTV.

## Early life

She was born in the village of Gangarampur, Daulatpur Upazila, Kushtia District, Khulna Division.

## Music career

At the age of four, she began to receive music lessons from Baul Shafi Mandal, who taught her to sing in the classical and folk music traditions. She has also been a student of Ustad Sanjib Dey.
In 2006, at the age of twelve, she became the winner of the second season of the reality TV show Closeup One.
She has released a number of records. Her first single, Baniya Bondhu, was released while she participated in Closeup One.
She performs Bengali folk songs, such as the works by the 18th century mystic Lalon, as well as modern Bengali songs.
She has also performed internationally.

## Personal life

In 2010, she married Shibli Sadique, a businessman and the incumbent member of parliament from Dinajpur-6 constituency. The couple has a daughter. They got divorced in November 2016. She re-married in 2018, and has another daughter in her second marriage.

## Awards

* Bachsas - Best Female Singer

## Discography

Solo Albums :
| Album | Year |
| Baniya Bondhu | 2006 |
| Bondhu Aiyo Aiyo | 2007 |
| Poraner Bondhu | 2008 |
| Matir Tara | 2009 |
| Bondhu Ailana | 2010 |
| Binodini | 2010 |
| Brindabon | 2011 |
| Prfemer Janaza | 2012 |
| Shopno Uraila | 2015 |
| Anuraager Ghorey | 2016 |
| Mon Majhi | 2017 |
| Rongila Baroi | 2020 |
| Noya Daman | 2021 |
# Hirajō Shell Mound

The Hirajō Shell Midden (平城貝塚, Hirajō kaizuka) is an archaeological site with a shell midden and Jōmon period settlement site located in the Machihata, Heijō, and Mishō neighborhoods of the town of Ainan, Ehime Prefecture in the island of Shikoku, Japan. The site was designated as a prefectural historic site in November 1951 and as a National Historic Site of Japan in 2024.

## Overview

During the early to middle Jōmon period (approximately 4000 to 2500 BC), sea levels were five to six meters higher than at present, and the ambient temperature was also 2 deg C higher. During this period, the Kantō region was inhabited by the Jōmon people, many of whom lived in coastal settlements. The middens associated with such settlements contain bone, botanical material, mollusc shells, sherds, lithics, and other artifacts and ecofacts associated with the now-vanished inhabitants, and these features, provide a useful source into the diets and habits of Jōmon society. Most of these middens are found along the Pacific coast of Japan.
The Hirajō Shell Midden is made of saltwater shells and is located on a plateau at an elevation of 6 to 7 meters, about one kilometer from the mouth of the Sozu River, which flows west through the center of Ainan Town. The shell mound is about one meter deep, and measures 160 meters north-to-south, and 70 meters east-to-west, forming a roughly elliptical shape. It was discovered in 1891, and seven excavations have been subsequently conducted. Archaeological excavations in 1954 unearthed human bones, late Jōmon pottery, chipped stone axes, ground stone axes, shell rings, bone needles, large fish bones such as tuna, and small horse teeth. Stone arrowheads, stone weights, and concave stones are also known to have been found in the older collected materials. The late Jōmon pottery discovered at this site is classified into five types, and Type 1 pottery, which constitutes the majority of pottery in the mound in terms of quantity, is called Heijō-type, and many are jar-shaped, similar to the Kanegasaki-type pottery of Kitakyushu. Remains that are thought to be the remains of a dwelling have also been discovered.
# Felix G. Hansford House

The Felix G. Hansford House was built in 1824 by Mr. Felix G. Hansford, president of the Giles, Fayette and Kanawha Turnpike Company. It is the oldest building in the town of Hansford, West Virginia.
The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The house sat empty from the 90s and began falling apart. Attempts to find the owner were unfruitful.
# 1830 in New Zealand

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1830 in New Zealand.

## Incumbents
### Regal and viceregal

* Head of State – King George IV dies on 26 June and is succeeded by his brother King William IV.
* Governor of New South Wales – General Ralph Darling

## Events

* 10 January – The first whaling ship, the Antarctic, enters Lyttelton Harbour, which Captain Morell calls 'Cook's Harbour'.
* 3 February – John Guard arrives in Sydney with a cargo of whale oil, the first to be shipped from the South Island.
* 21 April – Phillip Tapsell is married to Karuhi, sister of a Ngā Puhi chief, by Samuel Marsden.
* 31 July – William Yate returns from 6 months 'training' in printing at Sydney with a printing press. His attempts at printing are not particularly successful. (see also 1834 & 1835)
* 19 August – Captain William Stewart leaves for Kapiti Island, where Te Rauparaha has promised him a cargo of flax in return for transporting a large Ngāti Toa party to Akaroa.
* 26 October – Te Rauparaha and 120 Ngāti Toa warriors leave Kapiti Island for Akaroa on the hired brig Elizabeth.
* 6 November – After 3 or 4 days hidden aboard the Elizabeth while anchored in Akaroa, Te Rauparaha and his warriors attack and massacre a village of local Kāi Tahu, and then cannibalise them.
* November
** Phillip Tapsell settles in Maketu in the Bay of Plenty and begins trading for flax. (see also 1828)

### Undated

* John Guard marries Elizabeth 'Betty' Parker in Sydney. She leaves Sydney on the schooner Waterloo on 7 November, arrives at Te Awaiti before the end of the year, and is the first European women to settle permanently in the South Island.
* A whaling station is operating from Porirua.
* Jack Duff, a trader, is the first known European to visit the Palmerston North area. He travels by whaleboat up river as far inland as Woodville and returns to Porirua.
* The first inland mission is started at Waimate North.

## Births

* 2 May (in Ireland): Maurice O'Rorke, politician.
* 29 August (in Ireland): Charles Bowen, politician.
* 22 October (in Scotland): Arthur John Burns, businessman and politician.

### Unknown date

* (in England): Edwin Blake, Member of Parliament
* (in Ireland): Charles Bowen, politician.
* (in England): Henry Miller, politician.
* (in Ireland) Thomas Russell, founder of the Bank of New Zealand
# Roaring Lions at Home

Roaring Lions at Home is a 1924 short comedy film directed by American director Benjamin Stoloff. It was released by Fox Film and starred Oliver Hardy.
# Aubuchon Hardware

Aubuchon Hardware is a family owned hardware store chain in the Northeastern United States. Consisting of 120 paint and hardware stores throughout Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Connecticut, Maryland, and Upstate New York.

## History

Founded in 1908 by William E. Aubuchon in Fitchburg, Massachusetts, Aubuchon Hardware is the oldest family-owned and managed hardware store chain in America. With more than 100 stores in New England, Upstate New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, they have been a local mainstay for generations.
Aubuchon Hardware is one of eight brands operated by the Aubuchon Company, which also includes Aubuchon Ace Hardware, Lyndonville Ace Hardware, Village Hardware, True Value, Ace Hardware, Cornell's Hardware, Martin's Hardware & Building Supply, Campbell's Hardware, Zimmerman's Hardware, J.B. Hostetter & Sons, Curry Ace Hardware, Brunswick Ace Hardware, Bibens Ace Hardware, Woodstock Ace Home & Hardware, and Brown & Roberts Ace Hardware.
# David Motiuk

David Motiuk (born January 13, 1962, in Vegreville, Alberta) is the bishop of the Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Edmonton. He was ordained a priest on 21 August 1988 and was ordained a bishop in Winnipeg on 11 June 2002. He was appointed Eparchial Bishop of Edmonton on 25 January 2007 and installed on 24 March 2007. On January 16, 2020, he was appointed an Apostolic Administrator of the Eparchy of New Westminster. He holds a doctorate in Eastern Catholic canon law from the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome.

## Scholarly work

In October 2014, David presented "An Overview of the Ukrainian Catholic Church on the Eve of the Second Vatican Council" at the conference "The Vatican II Decree on the Eastern Catholic Churches, Orientalium ecclesiarum - Fifty Years Later" organized by the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Institute of Eastern Christian Studies held at the University of Toronto.
# Miss Stone Affair

The Miss Stone Affair (Bulgarian: Афера „Мис Стоун“, Macedonian: „Афера Мис Стон“) was the kidnapping of American Protestant missionary Ellen Maria Stone and her pregnant Bulgarian fellow missionary and friend Katerina Cilka by the pro-Bulgarian Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization.

## History
### Background

In 1901, one of the main problems facing the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization was the lack of resources for armaments. This financial crisis was discussed at the meeting of the leadership of IMRO in Kyustendil, Bulgaria that summer. At the meeting, Gotse Delchev argued that small robberies only tarnished the reputation of the organization and were not helpful to solving the financial problem. Delchev then authorized Mihail Gerdzhikov to carry out the kidnapping of a wealthy person or persons in Macedonia to obtain funds, but he failed. Delchev made two other unsuccessful attempts with wealthy Turks and Greeks. He later developed a plan to kidnap the son of Ivan Evstratiev Geshov, which also failed. Yane Sandanski then offered to kidnap Ferdinand of Bulgaria during his visit to the Rila Monastery, but this radical plan was opposed by Delchev, who believed that the abduction must be done on Ottoman territory. Chernopeev and Sandanski discussed the kidnapping of a wealthy Turk near Simitli, but this plan was not realized. Sandanski, Hristo Chernopeev and Sava Mihaylov [be] prepared a plan for the kidnapping of Süleyman Bey, but due to his illness this action also failed.

### Kidnapping

Sandanski was then drawn to the idea of kidnapping a Protestant missionary of Bansko. A detachment led by the voivoda Yane Sandanski and the sub-voivodas Hristo Chernopeev and Krǎstyo Asenov carried this out on August 21, 1901. Two women—Ellen Maria Stone and her fellow missionary Katerina Stefanova-Cilka—were kidnapped somewhere between Bansko and Gorna Dzhumaya, then towns in the Ottoman Empire.
The goal of the kidnapping was to receive a heavy ransom and aid the financially struggling IMRO. The detachment was pursued by the Ottoman and Bulgarian authorities and by a cheta of the contending organization Supreme Macedonian Committee. Ottoman authorities for a short time, arrested Grigor Cilka, husband of Katerina on unfounded charges of being complicit in the kidnapping. Sometimes regarded as a case of the Stockholm syndrome (with the kidnappers even assisting Cilka in giving birth to her daughter), the affair ended after intensive negotiations in early 1902, half a year after the kidnapping. IMRO was paid a ransom of 14,000 Turkish gold liras on January 18, 1902, in Bansko, and the hostages were released on February 2 near Strumica.
Widely covered by the media at the time, the event has been often dubbed "America's first modern hostage crisis".
# Oh Yoon-hong

Oh Yoon-hong is a South Korean actress and model. She is best known for her roles in dramas such as Who Are You: School 2015, Solomon's Perjury and The Scholar Who Walks the Night.

## Filmography
### Television series

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2004 | Toji, the Land | Ok-ne |
| 2008 | In The Name Of The Father | Hwa-young |
| 2013 | Puberty Medley | Ah-young's mother |
| 2014 | Misaeng: Incomplete Life | Sang-shik's wife |
| 2015 | Who Are You: School 2015 | Min-young and Soo-in mother |
| 2016 | The Scholar Who Walks the Night | Kkot-bun |
| 2016 | My Old Friend | Yoon-sook |
| 2016-2017 | Solomon's Perjury | Dean of students |
| 2017 | Tunnel | Madam Jeong |
| 2017 | Strongest Deliveryman | Lee Dan-ah's mother |
| 2018 | The Rich Son | Chairman Nam's wife |
| 2018 | Voice | Joo Hye-jung |
| 2020 | Hyena | Baek Hee-joon |
| 2020 | Soul Mechanic | Doctor |
| 2021 | The One Serving House | House owner |
| 2021 | Idol: The Coup | Jang Stella's mother |
| 2022 | The Witch's Game | Jung Min-ja |
| 2022 | Missing: The Other Side 2 | Kim Gun-joo |
| 2023 | Brain Works | Choi Jung-yoon |
| 2023 | Divorce Attorney Shin | Park Ji-yeon |
| 2023 | Durian's Affair | Ayla's mother |

### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1998 | The Uprising | Baek Eui-jung |
| 2003 | Garden of Heaven | Kim Young-ja |
| 2003 | Rewind | Ex-girlfriend |
| 2005 | Green Chair | Su-jin |
| 2011 | I Am a Dad | Ji-young |
| 2014 | Mourning Grave | Ah-young's mother |
| 2016 | Seondal: The Man Who Sells the River | Fortune Telling fraud woman |
| 2019 | Svaha: The Sixth Finger | Bodhisattva Yeon-hwa |
| 2024 | I, the Executioner | Current Affairs critic |
| 2024 | Uprising | Jong-ryeo's mother |

## Ambassadorship

* 20th Seoul International Alternative Film Arts Festival Ambassador

## Awards and nominations

* Blue Dragon Film Award nominee for Best New Actress in 1998
# Didgori-1

The Didgori-1 (Georgian: დიდგორი) is a Georgian-made armoured personnel carrier developed by the "Delta" research center of the Ministry of Defence and part of the Didgori-series APC family currently constructed in five baseline variants.

## Technical characteristics

The vehicle is assembled on and around the chassis of US Ford Super Duty pickup trucks. It is equipped with FLIR Systems thermal and night vision imaging devices provided for front and rear view. Information from the cameras is displayed on monitors for the driver, the commander and the passenger section. The system is interlinked with a special navigation system GPS.

## Armor

The armour withstands impacts of 7.62×54mmR AP rounds and 6–8 kg mine blasts at direct contact and from underneath without heavy damage. Further details are unknown, since the composition of the material is classified. The two baseline models are armed with a 7.62×51mm M134 Minigun and the 12.7×108mm NSV machine gun, but can be armed with a wide range of armaments, including ATGMs.
The monocoque steel v-hull provides protection against small arms fire, artillery shell shrapnel, anti-personnel/tank mines and IEDs. Front wheel arches are designed to be blown away to free blast pockets.

## Operators

* Georgia – in service of the Defense Forces of Georgia.
# Georgia Coates

Georgia Coates (born 19 February 1999) is a British swimmer who won five medals at the 2015 European Games. She has been selected to compete for Great Britain at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

## Personal life

Coates was born on 19 February 1999 in Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom. She attends Prince Henry's Grammar School, Otley where she earned 12 GCSEs, completing her final exam in Baku whilst competing at the 2015 European Games.

## Swimming

Coates is a member of the City of Leeds Swimming Club where she is coached by Richard Denigan. In 2013, she represented Great Britain at the European Youth Olympic Festival in Utrecht, Netherlands.
She was selected to swim for Great Britain at the 2015 European Games held in Baku, Azerbaijan. In the 100-metre freestyle she reached the semi-finals and finished 12th in a time of 57.35 seconds. She reached the final of the 400-metre individual medley but missed out on a medal after finishing fourth. She won her first medal, a bronze, in the women's 4 × 100-metre freestyle relay alongside Darcy Deakin, Maddie Crompton and Hannah Featherstone. In the mixed 4 × 100-metre freestyle relay Coates, Deakin, Martyn Walton and Duncan Scott won a silver medal behind the Russian quartet. She placed fifth in the 200-metre breaststroke, she won further bronze medals in the women's 4 × 200-metre freestyle relay and the women's 4 × 100-metre medley relay. She won her fifth medal of the Games in the mixed 4 × 100-metre medley relay, as the British team, which also featured Luke Greenbank, Charlie Attwood and Amelia Clynes, took silver behind Russia.
At the 2015 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships held in Singapore, she won two medals. She won a silver medal, finishing second to British team mate Rosie Rudin, in the girl's 400-metre individual medley, the took the bronze medal in the 200-metre individual relay.
Coates finished third in the 200-metre freestyle at the 2016 British National Championships. As a result, she was selected as part of the Great Britain team for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where she will compete in the 4 × 200-metre freestyle relay with Jazmin Carlin, Ellie Faulkner and Camilla Hattersley. At 17-years-old Coates is the youngest member of the Great Britain swimming team at the Games.
# Tabula Rasa (film)

Tabula Rasa is a 2014 drama film directed by Adriyanto Dewo in his directorial debut from a screenplay written by Tumpal Tampubolon. The film stars Jimmy Kobogau, Dewi Irawan, Yayu Unru, and Ozzol Ramdan.
The film was theatrically released in Indonesia on 24 September 2014. It received four Citra Awards at the 2014 Indonesian Film Festival, including Best Director for Dewo.

## Premise

After failing to become a professional football player, a young Papuan man becomes homeless in Jakarta. He is later taken in by the owner of a struggling nasi padang stall.

## Cast

* Jimmy Kobogau as Hans
* Dewi Irawan as Mak
* Yayu Unru as Parmanto
* Ozzol Ramdan as Natsir

## Production

The film's producer Sheila Timothy revealed that the idea of Tabula Rasa was conceived four years earlier, after being inspired by her mother who continued cooking even after her father's death. Early in the development, Timothy revealed plans to juxtapose Minangkabau culture with African culture. However, this idea was shelved due to logistical issues. Screenwriter Tumpal Tampubolon conducted extensive research in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, and Serui, Papua. The research involved chef Adzan Tri Budiman and writer Reno Andam Suri as culinary advisors and choreographer Tom Ibnur as a dialect coach and cultural advisor.
Principal photography began in January 2014 in Jakarta, Bogor, and Serui. In Serui, more than 200 local residents participated as extras during the filming.

## Release

Tabula Rasa was released theatrically in Indonesia on 25 September 2014. The film was screened at the 2018 Sofia International Film Festival on 23 March 2018, as the first Indonesian film to screen at the festival.

## Accolades

| Award / Film Festival | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Director | Adriyanto Dewo | Won |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Actress | Dewi Irawan | Won |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Supporting Actor | Yayu Unru | Won |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Original Screenplay | Tumpal Tampubolon | Won |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Art Direction | Iqbal Marjono | Nominated |
| Indonesian Film Festival | 6 December 2014 | Best Original Score | Lie Indra Perkasa | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Actress in a Leading Role | Dewi Irawan | Won |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Actor in a Supporting Role | Yayu Unru | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Breakthrough Actor | Jimmy Kobogau | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Original Screenplay | Tumpal Tampubolon | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Score | Lie Indra Perkasa | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Art Direction | Iqbal Marjono | Nominated |
| Maya Awards | 20 December 2014 | Best Poster Design | Alvin Hariz | Nominated |