# Xinhe County, Xinjiang

Xinhe County (Chinese: 新和县) as the official romanized name, also formerly known as its Uyghur name Toksu County (Uyghur: توقسۇ ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 托克苏县), is a county in Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China.

## Name

The county's original name Toksu was changed into Xinhe in 1941. "Xinhe" is the abbreviation of "Xinjiang Heping" (新疆和平), literally "Xinjiang Peace."

## History

On October 27, 1930, Toksu County was created from part of Kuqa.
In 1941 or 1944, Toksu County's Chinese character name was changed from 'Tuokesu' County (托克蘇縣) to 'Xinhe' County (新和縣).

## Administrative divisions

Xinhe County administered 4 towns, 4 townships and 4 other areas:
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | Notes |
| Towns |||||||
| Toksu Town (Xinhe Town) | 新和镇 | Xīnhé Zhèn | توقسۇ بازىرى | toqsu baziri | 652925100 | |
| Yultuzbaġ Town | 尤鲁都斯巴格镇 | Yóulǔdūsībāgé Zhèn | يۇلتۇزباغ بازىرى | yultuzbagh baziri | 652925101 | formerly Yultuzbaġ Township (尤鲁都斯巴格乡) |
| Icheriq Town | 依其艾日克镇 | Yīqí'àirìkè Zhèn | ئىچئېرىق بازىرى | Ich'ëriq baziri | 652925102 | formerly Icheriq Township (依其艾日克乡) |
| Tasheriq Town | 塔什艾日克镇 | Tǎshí'àirìkè Zhèn | تاشئېرىق بازىرى | tash'ëriq baziri | 652925103 | formerly Tasheriq Township (تاشئېرىق يېزىسى / 塔什艾日克乡) |
| Payxambabazar Town | 排先拜巴扎镇 | Páixiānbàibāzhā Zhèn | پەيشەنبەبازار بازىرى | peyshenbebazar baziri | 652925104 | formerly Payxambabazar Township (پەيشەنبەبازار يېزىسى / 排先拜巴扎乡) |
| Üchqat Town | 玉奇喀特镇 | Yùqíkātè Zhèn | ئۈچقات بازىرى | Üchqat baziri | 652925105 | formerly Üchqat Township (ئۈچقات يېزىسى / 玉奇喀特乡) |
| Townships |||||||
| Ogen Township | 渭干乡 | Wèigàn Xiāng | ئۆگەن يېزىسى | Ögen yëzisi | 652925203 | |
| Tamtoghraq Township | 塔木托格拉克乡 | Tǎmùtuōgélākè Xiāng | تامتوغراق يېزىسى | tamtoghraq yëzisi | 652925205 | |

## Climate

Climate data for Xinhe, elevation 1,010 m (3,310 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.5 (45.5) | 14.7 (58.5) | 25.5 (77.9) | 34.7 (94.5) | 35.5 (95.9) | 37.7 (99.9) | 40.5 (104.9) | 38.6 (101.5) | 35.7 (96.3) | 29.8 (85.6) | 21.2 (70.2) | 9.9 (49.8) | 40.5 (104.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) | 5.9 (42.6) | 14.6 (58.3) | 22.8 (73.0) | 27.5 (81.5) | 31.0 (87.8) | 32.3 (90.1) | 31.0 (87.8) | 26.7 (80.1) | 19.9 (67.8) | 10.3 (50.5) | 0.8 (33.4) | 18.5 (65.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.4 (18.7) | −0.8 (30.6) | 7.9 (46.2) | 15.9 (60.6) | 20.5 (68.9) | 24 (75) | 25.2 (77.4) | 23.9 (75.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 11.2 (52.2) | 2.6 (36.7) | −5.0 (23.0) | 11.4 (52.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) | −6.6 (20.1) | 1.6 (34.9) | 9.3 (48.7) | 13.8 (56.8) | 17.3 (63.1) | 18.8 (65.8) | 17.6 (63.7) | 12.4 (54.3) | 4.6 (40.3) | −2.8 (27.0) | −9.3 (15.3) | 5.3 (41.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.0 (−11.2) | −24.2 (−11.6) | −10.9 (12.4) | −1.7 (28.9) | 1.4 (34.5) | 6.7 (44.1) | 10.6 (51.1) | 8.1 (46.6) | 3.6 (38.5) | −4.7 (23.5) | −14.1 (6.6) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −24.2 (−11.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) | 2.8 (0.11) | 1.4 (0.06) | 2.7 (0.11) | 8.2 (0.32) | 16.8 (0.66) | 13.3 (0.52) | 11.2 (0.44) | 7.1 (0.28) | 3.5 (0.14) | 3.0 (0.12) | 1.7 (0.07) | 73.7 (2.91) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 3.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 37.5 |
| Average snowy days | 5.1 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 4.8 | 13.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 59 | 45 | 38 | 39 | 44 | 49 | 53 | 57 | 60 | 64 | 73 | 54 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 177.6 | 193.4 | 225.5 | 247.5 | 288.0 | 296.5 | 301.9 | 287.1 | 263.5 | 255.5 | 201.2 | 163.4 | 2,901.1 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 59 | 63 | 60 | 61 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 69 | 58 | 65 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Economy

The economy is based on agriculture and also animal husbandry. The county produces wheat, corn, rice, cotton and melons as well as Parthian fennel and thin-shelled walnuts. Industries include wool-spinning, knitting, and carpet making.

## Demographics

As of 2015, 184,399 of the 195,920 residents of the county were Uyghur, 10,901 were Han Chinese and 620 were from other ethnic groups.
According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 140,000.
As of 1999, 95.01% of the population of the county were Uyghur and 4.81% of the population was Han Chinese.

## Transportation

Xinhe is served by the Southern Xinjiang Railway.

## Historical maps

Historical English-language maps including Toksu/Xinhe:
* Map including Hsin-ho (Torpak Bazar) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950)
* Map including Xinhe (DMA, 1981)
* From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Hsin-ho (Toksu) (DMA, 1985)