OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Intermediate film system

The intermediate film system was a television process in which motion picture film was processed almost immediately after it was exposed in a camera, then scanned by a television scanner, and transmitted over the air. This system was used principally in Britain and Germany where television cameras were not sensitive enough to use reflected light, but could transmit a suitable image when a bright light was shone through motion picture film directly into the camera lens.

## History

John Logie Baird began developing the process in 1932, borrowing the idea of Georg Oskar Schubert from his licensees in Germany, where it was demonstrated by Fernseh AG in 1932 and used for broadcasting in 1934. The BBC used Baird's version of the process during the first three months of its then-"high-definition" television service from November 1936 through January 1937, and German television used it during broadcasts of the 1936 Summer Olympics. In both cases, intermediate film cameras alternated with newly introduced direct television cameras.
The exposed film, either 35mm or 17.5mm (35mm split in half, to save expense), travelled in a continuous band from the camera, usually atop a remote broadcast vehicle, into a machine that developed and fixed the image. The film was then run through a flying spot scanner (so called because it moved a focused beam of light back and forth across the image), and electronically converted from a negative to a positive image. Depending on the equipment, the time from camera to scanner could be a minute or less. An optical soundtrack was recorded onto the film, between the perforations and the edge of the film, at the same time the image was taken to keep the sound and image in synchronization.
The intermediate film system, with its expensive film usage and relatively immobile cameras, did have the advantage that it left a filmed record of the programme which could be rerun at a different time, with a better image quality than the later kinescope films, which were shot from a video monitor.
Television tubes developed by Farnsworth and Zworykin in the United States, and by EMI in England, with much higher sensitivity to light, made the intermediate film system obsolete by 1937. Film continued to be used for time-shifting and as a long-term storage until electronic video recorders were invented.
# A Bankrupt Honeymoon

A Bankrupt Honeymoon is a 1926 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy.

## Cast

* Harold Goodwin as Harold Pembroke
* Shirley Palmer as Shirley Lee
* Oliver Hardy as A taxi driver (as Babe Hardy)
* Frank Beal as A drunk
* Harry Dunkinson
* Sidney Bracey as Butler
# Kelly Liken

Kelly Liken is an American chef and restaurant owner. She has worked in Virigina and Colorado and has opened two restaurants in Colorado. She has appeared as a contestant on the television shows Top Chef and Iron Chef America.

## Personal life

Liken was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and she currently lives in Vail, Colorado. She attended the Culinary Institute of America where she graduated first in her class. She married Rick Colomitz in 2004.

## Professional career

Liken was an intern at the Inn at Little Washington in Washington, Virginia. She moved to Colorado in 2002 and began to work in the kitchen at Splendido at the Chateau in Beaver Creek, Colorado, where she met her future husband, Rick Colomitz. In 2004, she opened Restaurant Kelly Liken in Vail and later that year, she married Colomitz. Her husband was general manager and wine director at the restaurant, which closed in 2015. In June 2016 she opened her new restaurant project, Harvest Vail located in Edwards, Colorado.
She visited the White House in Washington DC on 19 April 2011 two months after First Lady Michelle Obama visited her restaurant for dinner with her daughters. She has appeared on television on the Bravo Network's Top Chef D.C, on the Food Network's Iron Chef America, and on the CBS Morning Show.

## Charity work

Liken is one of the founders of the Sowing Seeds Program (Part of the Vail Valley Youth Foundation). Sowing Seeds focuses on the scientific aspect of teaching children about how foods grow, as well as the accompanying nutritional message of eating healthy. This program involves a greenhouse project at Brush Creek Elementary School where students plant and care for their own gardens.
Liken and her namesake restaurant are supporters of the Vail Jazz Foundation; hosting events throughout the year in conjunction with the foundation.

## Awards

* Wine Spectator Award of Excellence. 2005–2012
* AAA 4-Diamond Award, Restaurant Kelly Liken. 2006–2012
* James Beard Award Semi-Finalist; Best Chef Southwest. 2009, 2010, 2011
* Winner Wine Spectator Taste of Vail Bar Chef Mix-Off. 2007, 2008
* Taste of Vail Lamb Cook-Off Winner. 2010, 2011
# Ernest Collinge

Ernest Collinge (5 December 1895 – 15 December 1960) was an English footballer who played as a half-back for Port Vale in the 1920s. He was the elder brother of Tom Collinge.

## Career

Collinge joined Port Vale in May 1921, and made his debut in a Potteries derby match against Stoke in the North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup final on 9 May, which Vale lost 5–3. He scored five goals (all penalties) in 41 Second Division appearances in the 1921–22 season, and also featured again in the North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup. He was an ever-present for the 1922–23 campaign, claiming three league goals, including one in a 2–1 victory over Manchester United at Old Trafford. He played just 19 games in the 1923–24 season, as he fractured his left leg in January, though made a speedy recover and was back in action five months later. He played 32 league and cup games in the 1924–25 campaign and dislocated his right arm in February 1925. His career at The Old Recreation Ground was effectively finished, and he retired at the close of the 1925–26 campaign after playing just 14 games that season.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Port Vale | 1920–21 | Second Division | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Port Vale | 1921–22 | Second Division | 41 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 43 | 5 |
| Port Vale | 1922–23 | Second Division | 42 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 44 | 3 |
| Port Vale | 1923–24 | Second Division | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 1 |
| Port Vale | 1924–25 | Second Division | 29 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 3 |
| Port Vale | 1925–26 | Second Division | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
| Port Vale | Total | Total | 143 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 153 | 12 |
# Japanese North China Area Army

The Japanese North China Area Army (北支那方面軍, Kita Shina hōmen gun) was an area army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

## History

The Japanese North China Area Army was formed on August 21, 1937 under the control of the Imperial General Headquarters. It was transferred to the newly formed China Expeditionary Army on September 23, 1939. Headquartered in Beijing, it was responsible for direction and coordination of the Japanese military activity in all of north China. It was demobilized in Beijing at the surrender of Japan.

## List of Commanders
### Commanding officers

| | Name | From | To |
| 1 | General Hisaichi Terauchi | 26 August 1937 | 9 December 1938 |
| 2 | General Hajime Sugiyama | 9 December 1938 | 12 September 1939 |
| 3 | Lieutenant General Hayao Tada | 12 September 1939 | 7 July 1941 |
| 4 | General Yasuji Okamura | 7 July 1941 | 25 August 1944 |
| 5 | General Naozaburo Okabe | 25 August 1944 | 22 November 1944 |
| 6 | General Sadamu Shimomura | 22 November 1944 | 15 August 1945 |

### Chiefs of Staff

| | Name | From | To |
| 1 | Major General Naozaburo Okabe | 26 August 1937 | 15 July 1938 |
| 2 | Major General Tomoyuki Yamashita | 15 July 1938 | 23 September 1939 |
| 3 | Major General Yukio Kasahara | 23 September 1939 | 1 March 1941 |
| 4 | Lieutenant General Moritake Tanabe | 1 March 1941 | 6 November 1941 |
| 5 | Lieutenant General Hatazō Adachi | 6 November 1941 | 9 November 1942 |
| 6 | Lieutenant General Sanji Okido | 9 November 1942 | 14 October 1944 |
| 7 | Major General Gaku Takahashi | 14 November 1944 | 15 August 1945 |
# Höfði

Höfði (Icelandic pronunciation:) is a house in Reykjavík, Iceland, built in 1909, and best known as the location for the 1986 Reykjavík Summit meeting of President Ronald Reagan of the United States and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union. This meeting was an important step towards ending of the Cold War. Within the building, the flags of the United States and the Soviet Union are cross-hung to commemorate the meeting.

## History

The house was built in 1909 and is located at Félagstún. It was initially built for the French consul in Iceland, Jean-Paul Brillouin, and was the exclusive residence of poet and businessman Einar Benediktsson (1864–1940) for twelve years (1913–1925). From 1925 to 1937 painter Louisa Matthíasdóttir grew up in the house since her family resided there.
In the 1940s and 1950s, it was home to the British Embassy in Reykjavík. The city of Reykjavík purchased the house in 1958, and restored it. From then on it has been used for formal receptions and festive occasions.
On 25 September 2009, on the building's 100th birthday, Höfði was damaged in a fire. All irreplaceable artifacts were saved.
In 2015, Einar Benediktsson's statue, by Ásmundur Sveinsson, was moved to a spot near Höfði house.

## Construction

The house, which shows the influence of Jugendstil, was prefabricated in Norway, shipped to Iceland and erected in 1909 for the French consul, before permission for the house had been granted by the city planning department. At the time of construction it was the largest private estate in the city.

## Telecommunications history

Before the house was built, the site was used to make the first radio communications between Iceland and the outside world on 26 June 1905, when contact was made with Poldhu in Cornwall, UK, with a Marconi antenna. The effort was instigated by poet Einar Benediktsson. The antenna was in use until October 1906.

## Local legend

The memoirs of one of the earliest occupants of Höfði state that the house is inhabited by the spirit of a young woman. Accounts vary on who she is but most commonly she is either a suicide or drowning victim. John Greenway, who inhabited the house in 1952, insisted that it be sold and the British consulate moved elsewhere, because of what he called "bumps in the night". He even applied for special permission from the Foreign Office to do so. That same year the house was sold back to the Icelandic government.
Popular local legends differ from the accounts of the house's inhabitants; the most popular of which is that the house is a Viking burial site. For this reason locals say the liquor cabinet of the house is frequently raided by spirits.
The legend has even gained recognition by the Foreign Ministry, who have officially stated that "We do not confirm or deny that the Höfði has a ghost."

## Gallery

* Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev at Höfði
* Reagan and Gorbachev greet each other at Höfði
* Telecomms commemoration plaque
* Reagan-Gorbachev plaque
# De Nijlânnermolen, Workum

De Nijlânnermolen is a smock mill in Workum, Friesland, Netherlands. It has been restored to working order and is designated as a reserve mill. It is listed as a Rijksmonument.

## History

De Nijlânnermolen was built in 1785. The first mill on this site was built in 1770. It had a sail span of 60 Dutch feet (19.56 metres (64 ft 2 in)). The mill drove a scoopwheel. It soon became apparent that this mill was too small due to insufficient pumping capacity. Following a major inundation in 1776, a new mill was built by millwright Widmer Sipkes in 1784-85. The mill had originally been built in 1770 and was moved here, being erected on the base of the existing mill. It had a sail span of 76 Dutch feet (24.78 metres (81 ft 4 in)).
De Nijlânnermolen was worked by wind until 1950, when a diesel engine was placed in De Nijlânnermolen and a new, larger, Archimedes' screw was installed. The mill was sold to the Waterschap Tusken Mar en Klif. In 1987, the mill was sold to the Workumer Molenstichting for ƒ1. The mill was restored in 1987-88 by Bouw '75 of Workum, at a cost of ƒ182,000. The restored mill was set to work again on 8 October 1988. A replacement Archimedes' screw was fitted in 2006. The mill is now owned by the Molenstichting Sûdwest Fryslân. Designated as being held i reserve, it is listed as a Rijksmonument, №39452.

## Description

De Nijlânnermolen is what the Dutch describe as a Grondzeiler. It is a two storey smock mill on a single storey base. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost to ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are thatched. The sails are Common sails. They have a span of 22.80 metres (74 ft 10 in). The sails are carried on a cast iron windshaft, which was cast by Gietijzerij L I Enthoven en Co., The Hague, South Holland. The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 65 cogs. This drives the wallower (32 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 37 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 36 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder. The Archimedes screw fitted to the mill in 2006 has a diameter of 1.40 metres (4 ft 7 in).
This data applies to the Archimedes' screw fitted to the mill between 1950 and 2006:- The axle of the screw was 94 centimetres (37 in) diameter and 5.94 metres (19 ft 6 in) long. The screw was 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in) diameter. It was inclined at 19°. Each revolution of the screw lifted 1,698 litres (374 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

De Nijlânnermolen is open on Saturdays from 09:00 to 12:00, or by appointment.
# A Chance Deception

A Chance Deception is a 1913 American drama film directed by D. W. Griffith and starring Blanche Sweet.

## Cast

* Blanche Sweet as The Wife
* Charles Hill Mailes as The Jealous Husband
* Harry Carey as Raffles
* Mildred Manning as Raffles' Woman
* John T. Dillon as The Waiter
* Lionel Barrymore as A Policeman
* Dorothy Bernard as The Maid (unconfirmed)
* Christy Cabanne as Undetermined Role
* Adolph Lestina as A Visitor
* Wilfred Lucas as In Restaurant (unconfirmed)
* Joseph McDermott as A Policeman
# Tripoli International Olympic Stadium

The International Olympic Stadium (Arabic: الملعب الأولمبي الدولي) is a 22,400 capacity multi-purpose stadium in Tripoli, Lebanon. Formerly used for football matches, the stadium is mainly used for international rugby league tests. It also has athletics facilities.
# Costanza Sforza

Costanza Sforza of Santa Fiora (1550 – 22 January 1617) was an Italian noblewoman. By birth she was member of the powerful House of Sforza and by marriage member of the House of Boncompagni.

## Early life

Costanza was daughter of Sforza Sforza, 1st Marquess of Castell'Arquato, 11th Count of Santa Fiora (1520 – Castell'Arquato, 21 October 1575), and his first wife Luigia Pallavicino (died in 1552), maternal granddaughter of Jacopo Salviati and wife Lucrezia de' Medici. She was a half-sister of Cardinal Francesco Sforza and paternal granddaughter of Costanza Farnese (daughter of Alessandro Farnese, later Pope Paul III). She married Don Giacomo Boncompagni, 1st Marquess of Vignola, and 1st Duke of Sora, Aquino, Arce and Arpino, on 5 February 1576, and had fourteen children.
Lavinia Fontana, a prominent Bolognese artist, painted her portrait in 1594. A year later, Constanza served as the namesake and godmother of Fontana's daughter.
# The Girl in the Park

The Girl in the Park is a 2007 drama film, the first directed by David Auburn, screenwriter of Proof (2005) and The Lake House (2006). It stars Sigourney Weaver, Kate Bosworth and Keri Russell.

## Plot

Since the disappearance of her three-year-old daughter 16 years ago, Julia (Weaver) has cut herself off from everyone, including her husband and son. But when she meets Louise (Bosworth), a troubled young woman with a checkered past, all of Julia's old psychological wounds resurface, manifested as an irrational hope that Louise may be her lost daughter.

## Cast

* Sigourney Weaver as Julia Sandburg
* Kate Bosworth as Louise
* Alessandro Nivola as Chris
* Keri Russell as Celeste
* David Rasche as Doug
* Elias Koteas as Raymond
* Curtiss Cook as Park Cop

## Filming

Filming began in New York City on November 13, 2006, and was scheduled to end on December 21, 2006. The film was premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 9, 2007.

## Reception

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 71% based on 14 reviews, with an average rating of 5.68/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Sigourney Weaver delivers a towering performance in this poignant meditation on unresolved grief." Jason Solomons of the Guardian "likes this deceptive drama, its tensions and releases, its symbolic use of Scrabble to denote cohesion and confusion and its dark fears of parenting, children, ageing, loss and connection."
# Lo Que Pasó, Pasó

"Lo Que Pasó, Pasó" (English: "What Happened, Happened") is a single by Puerto Rican rapper Daddy Yankee from his third studio album Barrio Fino. It was released in September 2004 by Machete Music and El Cartel Records. It is known to be one of Daddy Yankee's signature songs, and also one of his most successful singles and won the Lo Nuestro Award for Urban Song of the Year.
The song became Daddy Yankee's third most successful in the United States during 2005, behind "Gasolina" (Hot 100 peak number 32) and "Like You" (Hot 100 peak number 72). The single was almost able to chart on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, but managed to chart on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number six. It was also a major success on the U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart, peaking in the top five at number two and number one on the Tropical Songs chart where it was the best-performing track of the year. Internationally, it was even able to chart on the Swiss Top 100 Singles Chart at number 35.

## Track listings and formats
### US and UK CD single

* "Lo Que Pasó, Pasó" (Radio Version) – 3:30
* "Lo Que Pasó, Pasó" (Bachata Mix) – 3:47

### US and UK 12-inch vinyl

* "Lo Que Pasó, Pasó" (Radio Version) – 3:30
* "Lo Que Pasó, Pasó" (Bachata Mix) – 3:47
* "Sabor a Melao" – 3:43
* "Corazones" – 3:29

## Official versions

* Album version – 3:30
* Bachata remix – 3:47

## Charts

| Chart (2004–06) | Peak position |
| Mexico Tropical (Monitor Latino) | 1 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 35 |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 6 |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 2 |
| US Rhythmic (Billboard) | 38 |
# Home library service

A home library service (HLS) is a delivery service offered by some libraries (especially in Australia and the United Kingdom) for people who are unable to visit a library because of sickness, disability, or geography.
Home Library Services deliver library items to library user's homes, as well as retirement homes and nursing homes, where the staff will work with librarians to deliver services. Historically, some home library services are managed by external organisations such as the Red Cross rather than the library itself. Some HLS services use couriers, while others will have librarians or volunteers connect with users directly. Direct connection means library staff can connect library users with further community activities and council resources. Proponents of HLS say that it can help people feel more involved with their community especially when HLS users form relationships with the volunteers or librarians.
Users of a home library service may request specific titles, or list preferences like genre and format, and have librarians select items for them. Most users of HLS are elderly and may need large print books.
While HLS is usually a public library service, it has been offered by academic libraries.

## By country
### Australia

Despite not being a legal requirement of public libraries, HLS is offered by almost all major public libraries in Australia in 2024. It is strongly promoted by the Australia Library and Information Association (ALIA), who stated in 2000 "The home library service should be a mainstream, integral, part of a public library service, with priority equal to other services of the library" and provide guidelines for the service.
Australian public libraries are not allowed to charge for HLS services because of section 10 of the Library Act 1939 which states:
   No charge is to be made for the delivery to a member of the library of any book or information that the member is entitled to borrow free of charge if the member for reasons of ill-health or disability cannot reasonably be expected to attend the library in person.

### United Kingdom

In the UK, home library services are often delivered by volunteers rather than library staff. Some libraries offer HLS to people living in rural areas who do not have local libraries.

### Other countries

Home library services also exist in Argentina, Thailand, The Netherlands, Finland, and Canada. In the USA, items are sometimes sent through the postal service rather than delivered directly.
# Al's Formal Wear

Al's Formal Wear was a chain of tuxedo rental stores that was founded by A. Haller, The business known as A. Haller Taylor shop on 311 Main street in Fort Worth, Texas in 1950. It has since expanded across many states, and was headquartered in Houston.

## History

After A. Haller died in 1950, there were disputes as to ownership and division of the entity, now known as Al's Formal Wear in Fort Worth. Due to the community law, the company passed to his spouse, Yetta Haller. A. Haller and Yetta Haller had three daughters, each of whom received one-third of the business. Al Sankary and Son Jerry H. Sankary flew to Los Angeles to enlist the firm of Sankary, Altshuler and Sachs. Joel Sachs was an attorney who specialized in Trust and Estates and was charged with the task of determining what family member owned what percentage of the business. Over the years, Sankary manipulated his way into purchasing portions of the company from Esther, Betty, and Lillian. Sankary continued to experiment with different concepts, including bridal stores, mall kiosks, manufacturing formal lines himself, uniform sourcing for the militarcleaning. He believed strongly in vertical integration; from manufacturing formal wear to retail renting to cleaning and then back on the rack.
In 1957, Sankary brought in his sister, Lillian and her husband, Alan Gaylor, into the business, which eventually grew to over 100 locations in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Colorado, Mississippi and Oklahoma. Alan Gaylor and Al Sankary divided the business in 1978, with Gaylor maintaining ownership of the Al's Formal Wear operations based in Houston, while Sankary owned the operations based in the Dallas area. This division occasionally led to some customer confusion, but persisted until 1999, when Gaylor's Al's Formal Wear of Houston bought the Dallas operation from Sankary. At this point, the combined business included approximately 120 Al's Formal Wear, Ascot Tuxedos, and BridesMart locations in Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and New Mexico. By 2006, some consolidation and the spin off of the bridal division reduced the number of tuxedo stores to between 90 and 100. After the purchase of Mr. Neat's Formalwear of Colorado, and an expansion into Arkansas and Mississippi, Al's Formal Wear encompassed six states with over 100 stores.
The company stocked over 50 brands and styles of tuxedos for rental. They also carried formal wear, accessories, and career apparel for retail purchase. Al's Formal Wear filled orders for weddings, high school proms, quinceaneras and other events from its distribution centers. They closed abruptly in August of 2023. At the time of closing, Al's Formal Wear was a family-owned business, with Alan Gaylor's son Stuart as company president.