OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maximum agreement subtree problem

The maximum agreement subtree problem is any of several closely related problems in graph theory and computer science. In all of these problems one is given a collection of trees $T_{1},\ldots ,T_{m}$ each containing $n$ leaves. The leaves of these trees are given labels from some set $L$ with $|L|=n$ so that no pair of leaves in the same tree sharing the same label, within the same tree the labelling for each leaf is distinct. In this problem one would like to find the largest subset $L'\subset L$ such that the minimal spanning subtrees containing the leaves in $L'$, of $T_{1}\mid S,\ldots ,T_{m}\mid S$ are the "same" while preserving the labelling.

## Formulations
### Maximum homeomorphic agreement subtree

Source:
This version requires that the subtrees $T_{1}\mid S,\ldots ,T_{m}\mid S$ are homeomorphic to one another.

#### Rooted maximum homeomorphic agreement subtree

This version is the same as the maximum homeomorphic agreement subtree, but we further assume that $T_{1},\ldots ,T_{m}$ are rooted and that the subtrees $T_{1}\mid S,\ldots ,T_{m}\mid S$ contain the root node. This version of the maximum agreement subtree problem is used for the study of phylogenetic trees. Because of its close ties with phylogeny this formulation is often what is mean when one refers to the "maximum agreement subtree" problem.

### Other variants

There exits other formulations for example the (rooted) maximum isomorphic agreement subtree where we require the subtrees to be isomorphic to one another.
# Alexandru Giurgiu

Alexandru Nicu Giurgiu (born 25 September 1992 in Alba Iulia) is a Romanian footballer who plays as a defender for Unirea Alba Iulia.
# Julie Van Dusen

Julie Van Dusen is a Canadian journalist who works for CBC News and hosts the CPAC Today in Politics podcast. She is also a panelist on CBC Radio Ottawa's All in a Day.
Van Dusen graduated with a degree in French literature and studied communications at the University of Ottawa. Van Dusen comes from a family of journalists; five of her siblings, including Peter Van Dusen and her father, Thomas Van Dusen, are also reporters. After graduating from university, she began working for the Privy Council Office then as a researcher for FP News Service and Maclean's magazine as a reporter and researcher for the Parliament Hill bureau. Van Dusen began working for the CBC in 1983 at CBC Ottawa. She became a CBC Television news reporter in 1988.

## Controversy

On June 29, 2017, Van Dusen attended a press conference held by a group of family members of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG). Van Dusen questioned speakers about Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s work with the Indigenous community and one activist responded by referencing one of the many unsolved deaths of young Indigenous teenagers in Thunder Bay, Van Dusen asked, "but how can he be blamed for that? You don’t think that anything he’s doing is helping the situation? Is he an improvement over Stephen Harper? Talk about his record." In response, the Indigenous activists addressed Van Dusen as "white lady", and ordered her to leave the room. When CTV journalist Glen McGregor followed up with a similar question, the activists told him "You're a guest here. Without us you'd be homeless" and cancelled the press conference, walking out of the room. CBC political commentator Martin Patriquin described it as "Racism, sexism, and a press conference gone horribly wrong.".
Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau issued a statement that same day stating, "We recognize that over the past decades, generations, indeed centuries, Canada has failed Indigenous Peoples." The fallout from this event was occurring simultaneously with one in Canada's north where the "British media weren’t impressed when Prince Charles and his wife Camilla had trouble controlling their laughter during a traditional throat singing ceremony in Iqaluit"
# List of Czech presidential candidates

The first Czech presidential election was held in 1993, and elections have been held every five years since. The President was elected indirectly by parliament until the 2013 election and has been elected directly by Czech voters since then.
| Year | Candidate | Party | Result |
| 1993 | Václav Havel | ODS-KDU–ČSL-ODA | Won the election |
| 1993 | Miroslav Sládek | SPR–RSČ | 3rd place |
| 1993 | Marie Stiborová | KSCM-SDL | 2nd place |
| 1998 | Stanislav Fischer | KSCM | 2nd place |
| 1998 | Václav Havel | US-KDU–ČSL-ODA | Won the election |
| 1998 | Miroslav Sládek | SPR–RSČ | 3rd place |
| 2003 | Jaroslav Bureš | ČSSD | 3rd place of 1st ballot |
| 2003 | Václav Klaus | ODS | Won the election |
| 2003 | Miroslav Kříženecký | KSČM | 4th place of 1st ballot |
| 2003 | Jaroslava Moserová | ODA | 2nd place of 2nd ballot |
| 2003 | Petr Pithart | KDU–ČSL | 2nd place of 1st ballot |
| 2003 | Jan Sokol | ČSSD | 2nd place of 3rd ballot |
| 2003 | Miloš Zeman | ČSSD | 3rd place of 2nd ballot |
| 2008 | Jana Bobošíková | KSČM | Withdrawn |
| 2008 | Václav Klaus | ODS | Won the election |
| 2008 | Jan Švejnar | ČSSD | 2nd place |
| 2013 | Jana Bobošíková | SBB | 9th place |
| 2013 | Jiří Dienstbier Jr. | ČSSD | 4th place |
| 2013 | Jan Fischer | Independent | 3rd place |
| 2013 | Táňa Fischerová | SZ | 7th place |
| 2013 | Vladimír Franz | Independent | 5th place |
| 2013 | Zuzana Roithová | KDU–ČSL | 6th place |
| 2013 | Karel Schwarzenberg | TOP 09 | lost in runoff |
| 2013 | Přemysl Sobotka | ODS | 8th place |
| 2013 | Miloš Zeman | SPO | Won the election |
| 2018 | Miloš Zeman | SPO | Won the election |
| 2018 | Jiří Drahoš | KDU–ČSL-STAN | lost in runoff |
| 2018 | Pavel Fischer | Independent | 3rd place |
| 2018 | Michal Horáček | Independent | 4th place |
| 2018 | Marek Hilšer | Independent | 5th place |
| 2018 | Mirek Topolánek | ODS-SsČR | 6th place |
| 2018 | Jiří Hynek | REAL | 7th place |
| 2018 | Petr Hannig | Rozumní-ND | 8th place |
| 2018 | Vratislav Kulhánek | ODA | 9th place |
| 2023 | Petr Pavel | Independent | Won the election |
| 2023 | Andrej Babiš | ANO | lost in runoff |
| 2023 | Danuše Nerudová | Independent | 3rd place |
| 2023 | Pavel Fischer | Independent | 4th place |
| 2023 | Jaroslav Bašta | SPD | 5th place |
| 2023 | Marek Hilšer | Independent | 6th place |
| 2023 | Karel Diviš | Independent | 7th place |
| 2023 | Tomáš Zima | Independent | 8th place |
# Gunderic

Gunderic (Latin: Gundericus; c. 379–428), King of Hasding Vandals (407-418), then King of Vandals and Alans (418–428), led the Hasding Vandals, a Germanic tribe originally residing near the Oder River, to take part in the barbarian invasions of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century.

## History

He was a son of King Godigisel, the Hasdingi's Vandal king when his people breached the Rhine river frontier of the Empire on the last day of 406. During that year, the Vandals had become heavily involved in a war with the Franks, who were already settled as allies of the Romans, and who attempted to keep the Vandals out. Godigisel was killed in the fighting and Gunderic succeeded him.
Gunderic and his people ultimately crossed the Pyrenees into the Iberian Peninsula in October 409. With the Hasdingi portion of the Vandals he established the Kingdom in the Roman province of Gallaecia (north-western Iberia). They were driven out by the Visigoths in 418 on the orders of the Romans (the Visigoths were recalled and settled as a reward for their service in Aquitania). In 418 Attaces, the king of the Alans, fell in battle against the Visigoths, who at the time were allies of Rome, in Hispania, and most of the surviving Alans appealed to Gunderic who accepted their request and thus became King of the Vandals and Alans. In 420 Comes Hispaniarum attacked the Vandals who had gone to war with the Sueves in Galicia where the tribes were confined after the Visigoths had severely defeated them in 418. The imperial vicar (head of a diocese) defeated Maximus, son of earlier usurper Gerontius (409), in 420–421, but it resulted in the Vandals moving south to Baetica. Conflicts with the Suebi drove him into Baetica in the south of Hispania, where he joined the surviving Silingi portion of the Vandals. The Vandals moved south to Baetica in 420–1. They defeated a Roman army, led by magister militum Castinus, outside the walls of Cordoba in 422. The Vandals attacked Mauretania Tingitana, the Balearics, and sacked Cartagena and Seville in 425. They did not remain in these cities. Gunderic re-took the city in 428. The Vandals departed Spain in 429 and for 10 years Roman Spain was intact except for Galicia under the control of the Sueves. Hydatius writes that in 428 Gunderic laid "hands on the church of that very city, by the will of God he was seized by a demon and died." It is unclear how Gunderic died, however it is theorized that Hydatius' writing was in reference to Gunderic's attempt to convert a Catholic church to an Arian church. The attempt was short-lived: not long after his attempt to seize the church in Hispalis, he unexpectedly died. After Gunderic died early in 428, the Vandals elected his half-brother Genseric as his successor, and Genseric left Iberia to the Visigoths in favor of invading Roman Africa.
# Translation (disambiguation)

Translation, from the Latin for "carry across", is the conversion of text from one language to another.

## Science

* Translation studies, the systematic study of the theory, description and application of translation, interpreting, and localization
* Translation (biology), part of the biological process of protein biosynthesis from messenger RNA
* Frequency translation, converting a radio signal from one frequency to another by mixing the input signal with a second signal
** Broadcast translator, rebroadcasting a radio signal at a different frequency
* Translation (physics), movement that changes the position of an object, moving every point the same distance in the same direction, without rotation, reflection or change in size
* Translation operator, an alternative name for the displacement operator in quantum optics
* Translational research
* Translation (sociology)

## Mathematics

* Translation (geometry), moving points the same distance in the same direction
** Shift operator, a translation within the real line
* Translation (group theory), the operation of multiplying by a group element

## Computing

* Address translation
** Port address translation, allows a single public IP address to be used by many hosts on a private network
** Network address translation, transceiving network traffic through a router by re-writing the source and/or destination IP addresses
** Virtual-to-physical address translation
* Program transformation
* The translation phase of a compiler (or, by extension, the entire process of compilation)
* Translate Toolkit, freeware localization toolkit
* Translator (computing), multiple meanings
* Bing Translator, online machine translation service in Bing.com
* Google Translate, online machine translation service in Google
* Translate (Apple), a translation app developed by Apple for their iOS and iPadOS devices

## Literature and entertainment

* Translations (play), 1980 play by Brian Friel
* "...In Translation", seventeenth episode of the first season of Lost
* Translate (Sexy Sadie album), 2006 album by Sexy Sadie
* Translation (album), 2020 album by Black Eyed Peas
* Translate (Luke Abbott album), 2020 album by Luke Abbott

## Religion

* Translation (relic), the removal of holy objects from one locality to another
* Translation (ecclesiastical), the transfer of a bishop from one diocese or episcopal see to another
* Translation (Mormonism), in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the change of a person from mortality to immortality without death
# Dago, Bandung

Dago is an area in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. It covers Jalan H. Juanda (H. Juanda Street) and the surrounding area. The lower (southern) Dago area near Jalan Merdeka is one of the trendy areas of Bandung, with shops, shopping malls, cafes, boutiques, and many restaurants and entertainment centers.
The upper (northern) area has many old Dutch villas and wider boulevards with tall trees lining the streets. The famous Dago Tea House, built during Dutch colonial times, is located here. The Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) is located just west of the upper Dago area and neighbors the Bandung Zoo. A major private hospital, St. Boromeus, is also located on the street. A major public transportation terminal is also nearby.
The extreme northern parts are called Dago Pakar, which in recent years have seen the construction of many new restaurants offering dramatic views and vistas of the greater Bandung area.
Curug Dago is a waterfall in Bukit Dago (Dago Hill), which is 12 meters high. Curug dago is a polluted river as many households release their waste directly into this river. This river is very polluted with plastic bottles.
# Aupaluk

Aupaluk (Inuktitut: ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃ) (2021 Population: 233) is a northern village in Nunavik, in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec. It is the least-populous Inuit community in Nunavik.
The name means "where the earth is red", referring to its iron-bearing (ferruginous) soil.
Its population has been increasing: it was 195 in 2011, up from 159 in 2001.
Aupaluk is located on the western shore of Ungava Bay, north of Tasiujaq and 80 km south of Kangirsuk. It is about 150 km northwest of Kuujjuaq.
It is served by nearby Aupaluk Airport.
Since 1996, the Kativik Regional Police Force (KRPF) provides police services for the village.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Aupaluk had a population of 233 living in 70 of its 77 total private dwellings, a change of 11.5% from its 2016 population of 209. With a land area of 28.68 km$^2$ (11.07 sq mi), it had a population density of 8.1/km$^2$ (21.0/sq mi) in 2021.

## Education

The Kativik School Board operates the Tarsakallak School. Its building was destroyed in a fire on March 15, 2014. The school at the time served a total of 54 students.
# Gelendost

Gelendost is a town in Isparta Province in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Gelendost District. Its population is 5,279 (2022).
# Garibald I of Bavaria

Garibald I (also Garivald; Latin: Garibaldus; born 540) was Duke (or King) of Bavaria from 555 until 591. He was the head of the Agilolfings, and the ancestor of the Bavarian dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of the Lombards.

## Biography

After the death of the Merovingian king Theudebald of Austrasia, his successor Chlothar I had "begun to have intercourse with" his widow Waldrada (531–572), daughter of the Lombard king Wacho. Chlothar's bishops objected, so he gave Waldrada to Garibald to marry in 556. Not only did this grant Garibald prestige, but it created lasting political ties between the Bavarii and the Lombards of Pannonia and Bohemia. This would have consequences after the Lombards moved into Italy in 568.
Sometime before 585, the Merovingian court attempted to bind Duke Garibald more closely to its interests by arranging a marriage between his daughter Theodelinda and King Childebert II of Austrasia. At the same time, the Merovingians were attempting to normalise relations with Authari, the Lombard king, by arranging a marriage between Childebert's sister and Authari. Both these proposals fell through. The offended Authari was engaged to Theodelinda in 588. According to the "Nuremberg Chronicle", Chilperic, king of the Franks, was a bitter enemy of Authari. Fearing an anti-Frankish axis, he sent an army into Bavaria and overran the kingdom of Garibald and drove him out of Bavaria. Garibald fled to his son-in-law.
Authari married Theodelinda at Verona in May 589 and named his brother-in-law, Gundoald, Duke of Asti. In 590, the Franks invaded Lombardy with help from Byzantium, but were defeated.
In 591, Childebert normalised relations with the Lombards and Bavarii. After King Authari died in 590, the Lombard dukes asked Theodelinda to marry again. She chose Authari's cousin Agilulf as her husband, and he was accepted as the next king. They then negotiated a peace with Childebert which lasted for decades. According to Paulus Diaconus, peace with Bavaria was restored when Childebert named Tassilo rex (king). It is unknown whether Garibald was deposed or died. Nor is it clear what Tassilo's relationship to Garibald was; though if not his son, he was certainly a close relation. He was reportedly also the father of Romilda of Friuli.
# Dulce (Mexican singer)

Bertha Elisa Noeggerath Cárdenas (July 29, 1955 – December 25, 2024), known professionally as Dulce, was a Mexican singer and actress.

## Life and career

At a young age, she moved to Monterrey, Nuevo León to study psychology. She began her musical career there with the band "Toby and His Friends" on September 15, 1974. Later, with the support of the singer José José, she began working as a soloist in Mexico City. She travelled to Spain in 1978, to compete at the Mallorca Festival with the song "Señor Amor".
Dulce died from complications of lung cancer in Mexico City, on December 25, 2024, at the age of 69.

## Discography
### Albums

* La voz con alma (1976)
* Aquella edad (1977)
* Triunfadora de Mallorca (1978)
* Dulce (1979)
* Heridas (1982)
* Tu muñeca (1984)
* Lobo (1985)
* Salvaje (1987)
* Invitación al amor (1988)
* Castillos de cristal (1988)
* Ay, amor… (1990)
* Cosas prohibidas (1991)
* Testigo de una noche (1993)
* Homenaje a Camilo Sesto (2006)
# Saltmarshe railway station

Saltmarshe railway station is a railway station on the Hull and Doncaster Branch between Goole and Gilberdyke stations. It serves the village of Laxton, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.
The station was opened in 1869 as part of the North Eastern Railway's Hull and Doncaster Branch.

## Description

The station and all trains serving it are operated by Northern. There used to be a signal box at the west end of the platforms on the southern side of the line, which controlled the level crossing at the site. It was abolished and removed in the autumn of 2018 as part of signalling upgrade work in the area.
It is named after Saltmarshe, one mile south of the station, on the north bank of the River Ouse.
Facilities at the unstaffed station are basic, with no ticketing provision and no permanent buildings other than waiting shelters on each platform. Train information can be obtained from timetable posters or by telephone. There is step-free access on each side, but the Hull-bound platform requires the use of a barrow crossing alongside the signal box. Mobility-impaired users are advised not to use it without assistance.

## Services

The station is served by a limited number of trains between Hull and Doncaster. Currently 17 trains per day call. Northbound there are seven trains to Hull, with the first northbound train in the morning continuing to Scarborough via Beverley.
Southbound there are 10 trains to Doncaster (of which one early morning service continues to Sheffield). Passengers for intermediate stations between Doncaster and Sheffield now have to change at Doncaster as the Hull to Sheffield stopping service has been cut into two after the December 2019 timetable change.
There is no Sunday service.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Goole | | Northern TrainsHull and Doncaster BranchMonday-Saturday only | | Gilberdyke |
# Foy H. Moody High School

27°44′39″N 97°26′03″W﻿ / ﻿27.7441°N 97.4342°W﻿ / 27.7441; -97.4342
Foy H. Moody High School is a public high school located in the city of Corpus Christi, Texas and classified as a 5A school by the UIL. It is a part of the Corpus Christi Independent School District located in southeast Nueces County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Athletics

The Moody Trojans compete in the following sports: Volleyball, Cross Country, Football, Basketball, Wrestling, Powerlifting, Swimming, Soccer, Golf, Tennis, Track, Baseball & Softball

### State Titles

* Baseball -
** 2004(5A), 2007(4A)
* Boys Track -
** 1968(2A)
# Ongon

Ongon (Mongolian; plural ongod) is a type of spirit in the shamanistic belief system of Mongolia. It is a common term in Mongol mythology. After death, all shamans become shamanic souls, ongod. Idols can be consecrated to them within three years of the shaman's death and can be placed in the home ("home ongon") or in another locale, such as a shelter out in the open ("field ongon"). The ongon is also the physical representation of that spirit, made by a shaman, which plays a central part in the ritual that invokes the protection of the spirit. One well-known such spirit is Dayan Deerh.
The ongon is particularly important in black shamanism: the main function of the khar talynkh or black shaman is to bring people into contact with the ongon, whose spirit they call up "while drumming in a trance". In late-nineteenth century Mongolia, according to Otgony Purev, yellow shamanism revered ongon as well, and every three years yellow shamans gathered in Dayan Deerh monastery in Khövsgöl Province to "renew" these ancestral spirits.

## Physical representation

Ongod are represented in the physical world in various ways. In the case of the Tuvan shamaness Yamaan, an ancestor spirit is represented in the handle of a drum, a carved figure with a pink head and chest, a black crown, and red eyes and forehead. A wire serves as arms, and on another wire holbogo are suspended to indicate the spirit's earring. Some ongon live on in the place inhabited by the shaman: Agaaryn Khairhan, a mountain in Khövsgöl Province, takes its name from one of the most powerful shamanesses of the Darkhad clan, Agaaryn Khairhan or Bagdan Udgan, who lived on the mountain in the eighteenth century. In present-day Northern Mongolia, specifically the Darkhad Valley, clusters of ongod are found in transitional or liminal locations, such as the mouths of rivers or the borders between taiga and steppe: In Darkhad Valley, the taiga and surrounding mountains are the traditional areas dominated by shamanism, where the steppe is dominated by Buddhism.
Many Darkhad households own talismans, "lineage talismans" (yazguur ongod) or "household talismans" (geriin ongod), that both contain and attract spirits.
# Cai Guangliao

Cai Guangliao (born September 1958) is a Chinese senior police officer who spent most of his career in Guangdong province. He was investigated by the Communist Party of China's anti-graft agency in January 2015 and removed from office in January 2015. Previously he served as the deputy director of the Social and Legislative Committee of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Cai is the third senior political adviser to come under investigation in Guangdong province.
Cai is a major general in the armed police, which is overseen by the military commission.

## Life and career

Cai was born in Yingkou, Liaoning, in November 1973, while his ancestral home is in Jiexi County, Guangdong. During the Cultural Revolution, Cai became a sent-down youth and worked in Shixing County.
In September 1975, he was accepted to the Guangdong Politics and Law Cadre Institute (广东省政法干部学校) and graduated in September 1977. After college, he was assigned to the Guard Bureau with the Guangdong Public Security Department. And he served as deputy director of the general office of the Guangdong provincial Party committee and director of the Guard Bureau with the Guangdong Public Security Department from September 2003 to July 2012. He attained the rank of major general (shao jiang) in August 2006.
In February 2013, he was appointed the deputy director of the Social and Legislative Committee of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He was mainly in charge of security work in Guangdong, which borders on the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions.

## Downfall

On October 30, 2014, he was taken away by anti-graft officers from the military's Discipline Inspection Commission. On January 13, 2015, he was removed from office.
On March 27, 2017, Cai was sentenced to 8 years for accepting bribes by the Guangzhou Intermediate People's Court.