# Montbrison, Loire

Montbrison (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Montbréson) is a commune and a subprefecture of the Loire department in central France.
Montbrison was the historical capital of the counts of Forez, and today it is the principal city in the Forez.
The commune gives its name to the popular blue cheese Fourme de Montbrison, which has been made in the region for centuries. It received Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée status in 1972.

## History

The town of Montbrison was founded in the area around the lords' castles in the Forez region, of which Montbrison would later become the capital. The earliest recorded reference to the town dates to 870CE.
The town was fortified following the attacks by the English army at the start of the Hundred Years War. During the Religious Wars, Montbrison was captured and pillaged by the Protestant forces of François de Beaumont in 1562, with the town's garrison thrown from the ramparts onto spikes placed by the attackers.
The Convent of the Visitation was founded in 1643 during a period of severe famine. The town suffered a series of poor harvests as well as an outbreak of the plague between the years 1648–1653. The Augustinian Convent was founded in 1654, followed by the Hospital to house the poor in 1659. The Ursuline Convent closed in 1851.
In 1973 Montbrison absorbed the former commune Moingt.

### Key dates

* 1892 - execution of Ravachol, a noted anarchist
* 1909 - electrical power reaches the town
* 1940 - (June) the Forez region is occupied by German troops, with Montbrison falling into the 'free' zone. The forces withdrew at the start of July
* 1944 - (August) Montbrison liberated
* 1954 - Water treatment plant built
* 1968 - Jacquou le Croquant broadcast on television
* 1972 - local cheese Fourme de Montbrison receives Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée status

## Twin towns

Montbrison is twinned with:
* Sežana, Slovenia
* Eichstätt, Germany

## Personalities

* Christophe Agou (1969–), photographer
* Pierre Boulez (1925–2016), composer and conductor
* Guillaume Cizeron (1994–), ice dancer, Olympic champion (2022), Olympic silver medalist (2018), five-time world champion (2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2022) and five-time European champion (2015–2019)
* Philippe Delaye (1975–), footballer
* Estienne Du Tronchet (c.1510–c.1580), writer
* Victor de Laprade (1812–1882) poet
* Mickey 3D, pop group
* Sarah Mikovski, singer-songwriter
* Marie-Anne Pierette Paulze (1758–1836), wife of Antoine Lavoisier
* Michael Portier, Bishop of Mobile, Alabama
* Ravachol, anarchist
* Muriel Robin (1955), actress
* Yves Triantafyllos (1948–), footballer
* Reine Mazoyer (1944–), artist, set designer and book illustrator

## Climate

Climate data for Montbrison (Savigneaux), elevation 370 m (1,210 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1974–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.9 (67.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 29.2 (84.6) | 33.1 (91.6) | 38.2 (100.8) | 41.0 (105.8) | 41.2 (106.2) | 35.6 (96.1) | 32.9 (91.2) | 25.0 (77.0) | 20.5 (68.9) | 41.2 (106.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) | 8.8 (47.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 16.2 (61.2) | 20.2 (68.4) | 24.2 (75.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.5 (79.7) | 21.9 (71.4) | 17.2 (63.0) | 11.4 (52.5) | 7.9 (46.2) | 16.8 (62.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) | 3.8 (38.8) | 7.1 (44.8) | 9.8 (49.6) | 13.8 (56.8) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.7 (67.5) | 19.3 (66.7) | 15.3 (59.5) | 11.7 (53.1) | 6.9 (44.4) | 3.9 (39.0) | 11.0 (51.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) | −1.1 (30.0) | 1.1 (34.0) | 3.4 (38.1) | 7.5 (45.5) | 11.3 (52.3) | 12.8 (55.0) | 12.1 (53.8) | 8.6 (47.5) | 6.2 (43.2) | 2.3 (36.1) | −0.2 (31.6) | 5.2 (41.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −17.1 (1.2) | −14.0 (6.8) | −8.5 (16.7) | −4.0 (24.8) | 1.3 (34.3) | 2.8 (37.0) | 1.2 (34.2) | −2.0 (28.4) | −9.6 (14.7) | −12.0 (10.4) | −16.4 (2.5) | −23.6 (−10.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35.9 (1.41) | 27.5 (1.08) | 31.0 (1.22) | 46.2 (1.82) | 74.0 (2.91) | 76.0 (2.99) | 73.8 (2.91) | 68.0 (2.68) | 65.0 (2.56) | 69.8 (2.75) | 61.0 (2.40) | 37.2 (1.46) | 665.4 (26.20) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.1 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 8.4 | 9.6 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 95.8 |
| Source: Meteociel ||||||||||||||