OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Menzel v. List

Menzel v. List was a landmark restitution case involving Nazi looted art.
It was filed by the widow Erna Menzel whose art collection was seized from the Menzel apartment in Brussels in 1941 after the Jewish family fled the Nazis. Menzel's attempt to recover her artworks through litigation was the first such case in the United States and is considered a landmark case that is widely cited.

## The events leading up to the lawsuit

Mr. and Mrs Menzel fled the Nazis in 1941, going from Belgium to the United States. When they returned to the apartment after the end of WWII, they discovered a receipt from the Einsatzstab Rosenberg, a Nazi looting organization, for a painting by Marc Chagall called variously L'Echelle de Jacob or Le Paysan et l'Echelle or The Peasant and the Ladder or Jacob's Ladder that the Nazis had seized.
The Menzels looked unsuccessfully for the stolen Chagall. After Mr. Menzel died in 1960, Erna Menzel continued to search. She found a mention of the Chagall in a catalog in 1962 and contacted the possessor, the American art collector Albert A. List, informing him that the artwork had been seized by the Nazis from her collection and requesting its return. List, who said he had bought the painting from Perls Galleries in New York in 1955 and was unaware of its history, refused to return it. Menzel filed a lawsuit, which was known as Menzel v. List. Klaus Perls, the owner of Perls Gallery, was named as a third party defendant. List also filed suit against Perls. Perls, a refugee from the Nazis, and a former head of the Art Dealers' Association of America, also said he did not know that Chagall had been looted.

## Landmark lawsuit, landmark decision

The restitution claim was the first of its kind in the United States and as such gained considerable legal and media attention. In addition to concerning the theft of artwork by a Nazi looting organisation in a country occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II, it also posed important issues for the art world.
The New York Times called it a "classic legal domino game".
In 1966, the Supreme Court of New York decided in favor of Mrs. Menzel in the first restitution case of its kind.
Mrs Menzel's lawsuit made history and it is cited in numerous articles and books, including A Legal Primer on Managing Museum Collections and Museums in Motion: An Introduction to the History and Functions of Museums.
# Pocket Size

Pocket Size is the name of a duo from England, featuring producer Darren Pearson and singer Liz Overs. In 1999 they hit No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart with "Walking" on Atlantic Records.
In 1999, their album 100% Human was released by Atlantic Records.
"Walking" was used on the soundtrack for the 1999 film Anywhere but Here. Their track "Human Touch" was used on the opening credits of an episode of Charmed and in the British film Virtual Sexuality.
Pearson and Overs later began making music inspired by the landscape, legend and folklore of the County of Sussex in the UK where they live as Chalk Horse Music. In 2018 they self-produced an album entitled I See Fairisies.

## Discography

* "Squashy Lemon Squeezy" (Single, 1998, EMI)
* "Walking" (Single, 1999, Atlantic Records)
* 100% Human (Album, 1999, Atlantic Records)
# North Carolina Highway 135

North Carolina Highway 135 (NC 135), designated the J.J. Webster Highway, is a 11.2-mile-long (18.0 km) road running from Mayodan to Eden in the US state of North Carolina. It runs concurrently with U.S. Route 311 (US 311) for most of its route.

## History

NC 135 was designated in 1967 as an upgrade of SR 2138; the highway roughly followed its current routing. In 2000, the designation shortened to end at a rerouted NC 770. The US 311 designation was added to NC 135 in 2004.
The highway was named after James Jefferson Webster Sr., a local store owner, dairy farmer, and politician who served as a Rockingham County commissioner from 1944 until 1952. His store was destroyed to make room for the highway's expansion. On July 7, 1995 at the recommendation of Douglas Gaylon, the North Carolina Board of Transportation passed a resolution officially dedicating North Carolina Highway 135 in Rockingham County in his name. A formal dedication ceremony took place at 11:00 A.M. on October 28, 1998 at Dalton L. McMichael High School, attended by Rep. Virginia Foxx and Commissioner Patricia Wright Gwyn.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Rockingham County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Mayodan | 0.0 | 0.0 | US 220 Bus. (South 2nd Avenue) – Mayodan, Madison | |
| ​ | 1.8– 2.0 | 2.9– 3.2 | US 220 / US 311 south – Greenville, Stoneville | Interchange; western end of US 311 concurrency |
| Eden | 11.2 | 18.0 | US 311 north / NC 770 (Harrington Highway) / Old NC 135 | Eastern end of US 311 concurrency |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus |||||
# Tomb of the Werewolf

Tomb of the Werewolf (aka The Unliving) is a 2003 film directed by Fred Olen Ray. It is the twelfth and last in a long series of films about the werewolf Count Waldemar Daninsky, played by Paul Naschy. The film contains a number of adult sex scenes bordering on softcore pornography. The film was shot on Video in 2003 and first distributed directly to VHS (in edited form) as Tomb of the Werewolf in June 2004. It was later reissued as an uncensored DVD (with bonus behind the scenes material) in 2015 as The Unliving by Retromedia Entertainment. Director Ray said years later in an interview that the film never made a profit.

## Plot

Richard Daninsky, the descendant of a werewolf named Waldemar Daninsky, inherits a castle that may have hidden treasure and takes a reality show TV crew along to document his search. Vampire Elizabeth Bathory gets Richard Daninsky to remove a silver dagger from the body of his ancestor Waldemar Daninsky, whose corpse has been residing in a crypt beneath the castle for many decades, causing Waldemar to revive and go on a rampage as a werewolf.

## Cast

* Paul Naschy as Count Waldemar Daninsky
* Jay Richardson as Richard Daninsky, Waldemar's Werewolf ancestor
* Michelle Bauer as Elizabeth Bathory, an evil countess
* Stephanie Bentley in a dual role as Amanda / Eleanor Daninsky
* Danielle Petty as Melanie, a TV crew member.
* Lacy Andrews as Christie, a TV crew member.
* Beverly Lynne as Leslie, a TV crew member.
* Leland Jay as Tony, a TV crew member.

## Production

Naschy traveled to Hollywood briefly in 2003 to appear in two filmed-on-video (adult content) horror films directed by Donald F. Glut and Fred Olen Ray, two former horror fans-turned-directors who must have treated him like royalty on the set. The other film he made that week was Countess Dracula's Orgy of Blood (2003).
(Filming got a bit complicated since Naschy had never learned to speak English. Also Naschy had brought his wife and son Sergio along with him, and the day after they arrived, his wife was hospitalized with a stomach virus, so Naschy was a bit preoccupied during the shoot.)
While in the States, Naschy visited Universal Studios and the famous "Ackermansion" museum of Forrest J Ackerman, editor of the legendary magazine Famous Monsters of Filmland. Cameraman Gary Graver used to work for horror filmmaker Al Adamson back in the early 1970s.
# Tooth Fairy (2004 film)

Tooth Fairy is a 2004 short film about a father who forgets to leave money for his daughter from the "tooth fairy". When he tries to make up for it the next night, he finds that she has set up a game for the tooth fairy with several clues leading to the location of the tooth.
Written by David Carter and Terry Rietta and directed by Jake Scott, it was released along with four other shorts as part of Amazon.com's Amazon Theater.

## Cast

* Chris Noth as Dad
* Jacqueline Walker as Mom
* Wesley Leonard as Joe
* Marina Brandon as Grace
* Dana Brandon as Nora
* Jeff Bezos as Security Guard
# Presidency College

Presidency College may refer to:
* Presidency College, Bangalore
* Presidency University, Bengaluru
* Presidency College, Chennai, India
* Presidency University, Kolkata, India
* Presidency College, Motbung
# Totally Awesome

Totally Awesome is a television film produced by VH1. Totally Awesome directly parodies a number of 1980s movies, including Dirty Dancing, Soul Man, Footloose, Some Kind of Wonderful, Sixteen Candles, Teen Wolf, Better Off Dead, Lucas, Pretty in Pink, and The Karate Kid.
The film premiered on November 4, 2006, on VH1, and was broadcast to promote the film's DVD release on November 7.

## Plot

Ben Stein introduces the film as a long-lost film from the 1980s, so a lot of the jokes are now outdated in 2006.
As the Gunderson family sets out on a cross-country road trip to their new home, boyishly handsome Charlie, blossoming dancer Lori, and highly intelligent Max all have their own ideas of what life will be like in their new town. When Charlie is singled out as the least popular senior on the very first day of school, kindly outcast Billie amiably agrees to show him the ropes and provide him with an illuminating crash course in the clique system. Meanwhile, Lori is shocked to discover that dancing has been banned in her new town and the only place to cut loose is at the clandestine dance sessions held in the garage of current janitor and former dance instructor Gabriel. Immediately forbidden from attending the highly secretive shindigs, Lori stealthily sneaks out to be with the kindly Gabriel as her feelings for the dance instructor grow and the pair set into motion a clever plan to usher in a new era of dancing around town. When Charlie vows to win the heart of popular girl Kimberly by competing against her athletic boyfriend, Kipp, in the upcoming school decathlon, lovelorn Billie quietly pines for the clueless newcomer from afar as he begins a rigorous training regiment with Japanese gardener Yamagashi. As his family struggles to adjust to their new life, reclusive genius Max continues working on a highly advanced home computer that soon draws the attention of the CIA.

## Cast

* Mikey Day as Charlie Gunderson
* Dominique Swain as Lori Gunderson
* James Hong as Mr. Yamagashi
* Chris Kattan as Gabriel
* Trevor Heins as Max
* Nicki Clyne as Billie
* Brittany Daniel as Kimberly
* Joey Kern as Kipp Vanderhoff
* Teryl Rothery as Mrs. Gunderson
* Greg Kean as Mr. Gunderson
* Tracy Morgan as Darnell
* Tone Loc as himself
* Ben Stein as himself

## Reception

Heather Boerner of Common Sense Media gave it 3 out of 5 and called the "VH1 spoof awesome just for '80s teen film fans."
David Cornelius of DVD Talk wrote that the idea didn't work when it was called "Not Another Teen Movie" and again the filmmakers confuse "reference for punchline". He says the film "knows enough about its subject to come up with nifty joke ideas, but can't quite turn them into solid chuckle material" and concludes "This could have been a keen, fairly hilarious spoof, but instead it's a dry, overblown project that can't bother to follow through with its ideas."
# Treehouse Hostage

Treehouse Hostage is a 1999 family film directed by Sean McNamara and starring Jim Varney and Joey Zimmerman. It was Varney's final on-screen role before his death; he was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer during production of the film in August 1998.

## Plot

Carl Banks is a dangerous counterfeiter and escapes from jail. Meanwhile, 11-year-old Timmy Taylor has a current project due on Monday and if he shows up empty handed he is going to summer school, simply because of his lack of participation in class, and that his teacher and Principal Ott hate him.
Carl Banks tries to print some more money and finds one of the counterfeit plates but can't print any money when his crooked ex-boss and his cops, who are counterfeiters as well, catch him at his base. He runs into Timmy Taylor's backyard and ends up in his treehouse. Timmy and his two best friends keep him hostage in Timmy's treehouse so that Timmy can take him to school on Monday to ace Current Events.
However, keeping a major criminal hostage is more of a handful than they expected, due to the huge wedgies that Carl delivers. Until Timmy figures out that Carl is in the middle of a major counterfeit ring, Timmy & his friends help get revenge on the men who treated Carl badly (surprisingly, Timmy's principal is Carl's ex-boss who turned him in to the authorities), in exchange for counterfeit money, of course.
Timmy and his friends persuade his neighbor and rival Janie Paulson and her friend Angela to help them create a fake cash plate in order to lay a trap and Carl captures Ott and his men. The evil principal gets away, Carl is set free as the kids tape recorded them running into the counterfeit gang and it proves Carl's innocence. Carl is offered witness protection if he cooperates and he does.
At school on Monday, Timmy's teacher doesn't believe his story until the police show up with Carl and arrest the principal for being the counterfeit gang's leader. As the school applauds Timmy and celebrates Ott's defeat, Janie kisses Timmy on the cheek. Timmy also gets a reward check for his actions which his dog buries in the backyard later that night.

## Cast

* Jim Varney as Carl Banks
* Joey Zimmerman as Timmy Taylor
* Kristopher Kachurak as Buddy
* Todd Bosley as Stevie
* Mark Moses as Mr. Taylor
* Debby Boone as Mrs. Taylor
* Richard Kline as Principal Ott
* Jack McGee as Nick
* Christopher Doyle as Scalise
* Aria Noelle Curzon as Janie Paulson
* Cliff Emmich as Detective Nelson
* Louan Gideon as Mrs. Stevens
* Frank Welker as Kato (voice)
* Vincent Schiavelli as Gardener (uncredited)

## Release

Treehouse Hostage was released direct to video in June 1999.

## Reception

Critical reception for the film has been mixed. The AV Club described Treehouse Hostage as a "rather dismal Disney Channel movie". Video Business was more favorable, calling it a "harmless summer-vacation video fare, bright and clever without relying on Varney's wom-out Ernest persona for laughs". The Fort Worth Star-Telegram also rated the film favorably.
# Rádio e Televisão Independente

Rádio e Televisão Independente, Sociedade Cooperativa de Responsabilidade Limitada (RTI) was the first proposal for a private television channel in Portugal, at a time when only the public sector was allowed to have television channels. It was created in 1978 but the project was shelved by 1980 without even launching.

## History

In May 1978, RTI was registered by a group of people politically connected to the Portuguese right and far-right, among them, former RTP president João Tomás Rosa. RTI proposed three solutions to the government: the creation of a third television channel by means of a state license, the exploitation of the entirety of the pre-existing second RTP channel or the intention to deliver its signal on cable television, which did not exist in Portugal at the time. Its staff also showed interest in becoming television producers. RTI presented a 24-page dossier on the outline of the network.
Per a letter written from Vitorino Rosa to then-President Ramalho Eanes on June 15, 1977,$^{:42}$ proponents determined a schedule running from 6:30pm to 11pm on weekdays (starting at 2pm on weekends). The international news segment (o que aconteceu hoje) was limited to a reading of news headlines from newspapers.$^{:47-53}$
RTI's staff criticized RTP for being a "Salazarist-Caetanist-Gonçalvist-Soarist television monopoly". One of its mentors, Tomás Rosa, which was one of RTP's first post-Carnation presidents, left his post at the state broadcaster on March 1, 1977 due to alleged censorship on Telejornal after being responsible for a signing of a document together with 22 journalists. RTI was structured as a co-operative due to article 38, number 6 of the media law strictly forbidding private companies from owning television channels.$^{:7-11}$

## Aftermath

In 1979, RTI was dissolved thanks to the approval of a new Television Law on November 29 that year (Law nº.75/79), which defined television as a "public service of the Portuguese people" and that "the public television service cannot be objected to private property". The law suggested that a special concession was given to the public, private and co-operative sectors merely for the exploitation of television programs.
New private television stations other than RTI were suggested starting in 1980 with the granting of a television channel owned by the Patriarchy of Lisbon with coverage limited to the Greater Lisbon area. The idea was more feasible than a national channel because of cost issues, but caused a scandal at the Church.
Private television only started in 1992 with Sociedade Independente de Comunicação in October 1992, followed by Televisão Independente in February 1993.
# James Alan Park

Sir James Allan Park KC (6 April 1763 – 8 December 1838) was a British judge and legal writer.

## Life

He was the son of James Park, a surgeon from Edinburgh, and was brought up in Edinburgh until his father's practice moved to Surrey. He was educated first at Northampton Grammar School and then at Lincoln's Inn. He was called to the bar on 18 June 1784 and in 1787 published a successful Treatise on the Law of Marine Insurance, which was reprinted six times during his life. That book drew much on the cases of Lord Mansfield. It brought him a good practice. As an advocate, he made more of a reputation for care than for eloquence.
Park married Lucy, the daughter of Richard Atherton on 1 January 1791. His father-in-law was a woollen-draper in Preston, and a partner in the Preston Old Bank, when opened under the firm of Messrs. Atherton, Greaves, and Denison.
In 1791, Park was appointed Vice-Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and in 1795 became a Recorder of Preston, seen as the first step towards becoming a judge. He became a King's Counsel in 1799, Attorney General of the County Palatine of Durham in 1802 and Attorney-General of Lancaster in 1811. He was made one of the Justices of the Court of Common Pleas on 22 January 1816 and knighted at the same time. He received a DCL from Oxford University in 1834 and died on 8 December 1838, leaving two sons: James Allan Park, who became a cleric, and Alexander Atherton Park, who became a barrister.
He was said to bear a striking physical resemblance to King George III, which led to much gossip about his true paternity. He dismissed all such talk with the remark: "King George III was never in Scotland and my mother was never out of Scotland".
# Yasushi Nagao

Yasushi Nagao (長尾 靖, Nagao Yasushi, 20 May 1930 – 2 May 2009) was a Japanese press photographer.

## Career

Nagao is best known for his photograph of Otoya Yamaguchi assassinating Japanese Socialist Party politician Inejiro Asanuma. At the time Nagao was a cameraman working for Mainichi Shimbun. Hisatake Abo, Nagao's picture editor, told Nagao to cover a debate at Hibiya Hall. As Yamaguchi charged Asanuma, Nagao changed the focus to fifteen feet from ten feet.
Nagao won the 1960 World Press Photo of the Year award and the 1961 Pulitzer Prize. The first award allowed Nagao to travel abroad widely, impossible for most Japanese people at the time.
Nagao left the newspaper in 1962 and became a freelance photographer.

## Death

Nagao was discovered collapsed in his bathroom on 2 May 2009. It is believed he died of natural causes.
# Dutch Guiana

Dutch Guiana may refer to:
* Dutch colonisation of the Guianas, the coastal region between the Orinoco and Amazon rivers in South America
* Surinam (Dutch colony), commonly called "Dutch Guiana" after the loss of other large colonies in the area
* Suriname, the present-day country sometimes referred to as Dutch Guiana
# Yäşlek (Kazan Metro)

Yäşlek or Yashlek (Russian: Яшьлек; Tatar: Яшьлек – Youth) is a station on the Kazan Metro that opened on 9 May 2013. It was part of the northern extension of the Kazan Metro along with Severny Vokzal and Aviastroitelnaya that opened on 9 May 2013.
# Nick Gehlfuss

Nicholas Gehlfuss is an American actor, known for his role in 2014 as Robbie Pratt in the fourth season of the Showtime family comedy-drama Shameless. In 2015, he started starring as Dr. Will Halstead in the NBC medical drama Chicago Med.

## Career

In 2014, Gehlfuss had a recurring role as Robbie Pratt in the fourth season of the Showtime family comedy-drama Shameless. In 2015, he guest-starred as Dr. Thomas Galen in the short-lived NBC horror drama Constantine in the penultimate episode "Angels and Ministers of Grace".
Later that year, Gehlfuss was cast in the NBC medical drama Chicago Med as Dr. Will Halstead. Halstead was first introduced in the police procedural drama Chicago P.D. and afterwards, the drama Chicago Fire's backdoor pilot for Chicago Med.

## Personal life

Gehlfuss was born in Cleveland, Ohio and raised in Little Italy and Chesterland, Ohio. He holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts from Marietta College and completed his Master of Fine Arts at University of Missouri-Kansas City. He has two younger siblings: Vincent and Jillian.
On May 13, 2016, Gehlfuss married hotel marketer Lilian Matsuda.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | Sam Steele and the Junior Detective Agency | Martinson Radio | voice role |
| 2013 | In Lieu of Flowers | Mitch | |
| 2014 | Love & Mercy | Bruce Johnston | |
| 2016 | Equity | Gabe | |
| TBA | Butterfly in the Typewriter | Joel Fletcher | Pre-production |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2010 | Army Wives | Sergeant Joe Corey | Episode: "Murder in Charleston" |
| 2011 | The Good Wife | Jesse | Episode: "Breaking Up" |
| 2011 | The Wingman | Nick | Episode: "Nick" |
| 2011 | Blue Bloods | Jimmy the Bookie | Episode: "Thanksgiving" |
| 2012 | Person of Interest | Jack Hughes | Episode: "Masquerade" |
| 2013 | The Glades | Randy Dillard | Episode: "Glade-iators!" |
| 2013 | Rizzoli & Isles | Jack Roberts | Episode: "No One Mourns the Wicked" |
| 2013 | The Newsroom | Ross Kessler | Recurring role, 4 episodes |
| 2014 | Clememtine | Sebastian | TV movie |
| 2014 | Shameless | Robbie Pratt | Recurring role, 6 episodes |
| 2014 | Royal Pains | Lance | Episode: "Smoke and Mirrors" |
| 2014 | Longmire | Cameron Maddox | Recurring role, 3 episodes |
| 2014 | Murder in the First | Mark Strauss | Recurring role, 3 episodes |
| 2014 | Constantine | Dr. Thomas Galen | Episode: "Angels and Ministers of Grace" |
| 2015 | It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia | Sean | Episode: "The Gang Group Dates" |
| 2015 | Power | Lee | Recurring role, 2 episodes |
| 2015 | The Mystery of Matter: Search for the Elements | Glenn Seaborg | Episode: "Into the Atom" |
| 2015–2023 | Chicago P.D. | Dr. Will Halstead | Recurring role, 18 episodes |
| 2015–2023 | Chicago Fire | Dr. Will Halstead | Recurring role, 21 episodes |
| 2015–2023 | Chicago Med | Dr. Will Halstead | Main role; (seasons 1-8) 163 episodes |
# Kozya Sloboda (Kazan Metro)

Kozya Sloboda (Russian: Ко́зья Слобода́) is a station on the Kazan Metro that opened on 30 December 2010. It is the first station on the right bank of the Kazanka River. Construction on the station started in February 2006.
The station was set to be called Käcä Bistäse (Tatar: Кәҗә Бистәсе) or Kozya Sloboda (Russian: Ко́зья Слобода́), but in the wake of protests led in part by students of Kazan State Energy University the city government settled on the purely descriptive name Aq Bars. The previous name, which translates roughly as Goat Settlement, was a traditional name for the region before it became a part of Kazan. Due to citizens' protests and online voting, however, the name was switched back to Kozya Sloboda. Other candidate names included Energouniversitet (Energy University) and Zarechye (Beyond the River Area).
# Philip Claeys

Philip Claeys (Dutch:; born 24 May 1965) is a Belgian Flanders-based politician for the Vlaams Belang.

## Political career

Claeys was a Member of the European Parliament from 2003 to 2014. He participated in the international counter-jihad conferences in Brussels in 2007 and in 2012. Since late 2010, he was a board member of the eurosceptic party European Alliance for Freedom, which was dissolved in 2016. From 2017 to 2019 he was the secretary-general of the Europe of Nations and Freedom group, and since 2019 he has been secretary of the Identity and Democracy group.