OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lynford Anderson

Linford Anderson aka Andy Capp (July 8, 1941 – March 16, 2020) was a Jamaican studio engineer, producer, and vocalist, best known for his 1968 hit "Pop a Top".

## Biography

Anderson was born in Clarendon Parish, Jamaica on July 8, 1941, and gained his early studio experience working for the RJR radio station, after initially being employed there as a log keeper, having studied accountancy. From there he moved on to Ronnie Nasrullah's recently created WIRL studio, where he gained experience with a two-track mixer, under the guidance of Australian engineer Graeme Goodall. His engineering skills were used extensively by producer Leslie Kong, and he eventually moved into production himself, using an Ampex two-track mixing board to create remixes of tracks and to combine several tracks into a single song. He also founded the Upset record label in 1967 along with Lee "Scratch" Perry and trainee engineer Barrington Lambert. His self-productions included "Pop a Top", which he described as the first ever Jamaican "talking" record (although a handful of deejay records had been released earlier), which at the time of its release in early 1968 was unusual in that its rhythm was noticeably faster than the prevailing rocksteady beat. "Pop a Top"'s rhythm track was based on Dave Bartholomew's "South Parkway Mambo", and its lyric was based on a Canada Dry commercial; The song was later used by Canada Dry in an advertising campaign in the 1970s. The line "taste the tits, taste the tits" caused controversy when it was played by John Peel on his BBC Radio 1 show, with the BBC receiving a number of complaints. He further contributed to the development of reggae later in 1968 when he worked with Perry on "People Funny Boy", which had a rhythm based on music that Anderson and Perry had heard at a Pocomania church service the night before.
Anderson has been described as one of the most gifted recording engineers ever to work in Jamaica, and was described by Winston Holness as "the greatest engineer at those times...a genius in the business". He worked for several years for Byron Lee at his Dynamic Sounds studio, working on recordings including the backing track to Roberta Flack's "Killing Me Softly with His Song", and on recordings by The Wailers. He stated in the 1990s that during that period he would record or master up to 100 songs a day. He also recorded for Lee himself, including the 1970 single "The Law". In 1970, Anderson mixed the first truly multitrack dubs at Dynamic Sounds. He also co-produced the Byron Lee & the Dragonaires album Reggay Blast Off the same year.
In 1977, Anderson emigrated to New York City, where he eventually landed a position as an audio engineer for the United Nations. He retired to Charlotte, North Carolina in 2004. After suffering a lengthy illness, Anderson died on March 16, 2020.

## Discography

* Pop a Top. Single, 1968
* Andy Capp & King State: Herbsman Shuffle, Single, 1969
* Law part 1 & 2. Single, Duke Records, 1970
# Back to Oakland

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | C+ |
Back to Oakland is the fourth album by Bay Area based band Tower of Power, released in early 1974 on Warner Bros. Records. It was voted by Modern Drummer magazine as one of the most important recordings for drummers to listen to. The cover photography was by Bruce Steinberg at San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, San Francisco, California.

## Track listing

* "Oakland Stroke..." (Emilio Castillo, David Garibaldi, Stephen Kupka) - 0:53
* "Don't Change Horses (In the Middle of a Stream)" (Johnny "Guitar" Watson, Lenny Williams) - 4:28
* "Just When We Start Makin' It" (Castillo, Kupka, Lenny Williams) - 6:30
* "Can't You See (You Doin' Me Wrong)" (Castillo, Kupka, Williams) - 3:00
* "Squib Cakes" (Chester Thompson) - 7:49
* "Time Will Tell" (Castillo, Kupka) - 3:11
* "Man from the Past" (Castillo, Kupka, Williams) - 4:00
* "Love's Been Gone So Long" (Bruce Conte) - 4:47
* "I Got the Chop" (Castillo, Kupka) - 2:59
* "Below Us, All the City Lights" (Castillo, Kupka) - 4:20
* "...Oakland Stroke" (Castillo, Garibaldi, Kupka) - 1:08

## Personnel

Tower of Power
* Lenny Williams – lead vocals
* Chester Thompson – acoustic piano, Fender Rhodes, clavinet, organ, bass pedals, backing vocals, arrangements (5)
* Bruce Conte – guitars, backing vocals
* Francis Rocco Prestia – bass guitar
* David Garibaldi – drums
* Brent Byars – congas
* Lenny Pickett – alto saxophone, bass saxophone, soprano saxophone, first tenor saxophone, flute, alto flute, piccolo
* Stephen "Doc" Kupka – baritone saxophone, English horn, backing vocals
* Emilio Castillo – second tenor saxophone, backing vocals
* Mic Gillette – trombone, bass trombone, trumpet, flugelhorn, backing vocals
* Greg Adams – trumpet, flugelhorn, orchestra bells, backing vocals, string arrangements, string conductor (1−9, 11), arrangements (3, 4, 6, 8, 10)
* Tower of Power – arrangements (2, 4, 7, 9)
Additional musicians
* Bud Shank – alto saxophone (10), flute (10), alto flute (10), piccolo (10)
* Ray Gillette – trombone (6)
* Kell Houston – trombone (6)
* Frank Rosolino – trombone (10)
* Tommy Shepard – trombone (10)
* David Duke – French horn (10)
* Vincent DeRosa – French horn (10)
* Richard Perissi – French horn (10)
* Harry Betts – string conductor (10)
* Marylin Scott – backing vocals (2, 3, 4, 6, 8)
* Pepper Watkins – backing vocals (2, 3, 4)
* Alice Thompson – backing vocals (6)

## Production

* Tower of Power – producers
* Emilio Castillo – supervising producer
* Alan Chinowsky – sound production, mixing
* Tom Flye – recording
* Jim Gaines – recording, mixing
* Bruce Steinberg – album design, photography

## Charts

| Chart (1974) | Peak position |
| Billboard Top LPs | 26 |
| Billboard Top Soul LPs | 13 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions |
| Year | Single | US | US R&B | US Dance |
| 1974 | "Don't Change Horses (In The Middle of a Stream)" | 26 | 22 | — |
| 1974 | "Time Will Tell" | — | 69 | 27 |
# Eddie Thomas (footballer, born 1933)

Edward Thomas (23 October 1933 – 12 November 2003) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Blackburn Rovers, Derby County, Everton, Leyton Orient and Swansea Town.
Thomas was signed for Derby by manager Tim Ward, and equalled a club record by scoring in each of his first six games for Derby in 1964.
# Squatting in Nigeria

Squatting in Nigeria refers to a person who is not the owner, taking possession of land or an empty house. Squatters migrate from the countryside to informal settlements in cities such as Abuja, Port Harcourt and in particular Lagos. Lagos had a population of over 14 million people in 2019 and many slums, including Makoko.

## Overview

Squatting in Nigeria occurs when people migrate from the countryside to cities such as Abuja, Port Harcourt and in particular Lagos. Other reasons include the lack of low cost housing, unemployment and inability to access loans. Barriers to the construction of low cost housing are corruption, lack of national policy initiatives and bad governance. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, homelessness in cities was observed to be increasing in 2020.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, there was less squatting in West Africa than in other areas of Africa and also Latin America, because cheaply rented property was available and traditional tribal structures meant it was easy to find housing. However, the population in urban areas was rising rapidly: Ajegunle, now part of Lagos, went from a population of 12,951 in 1948–1952, to an estimated 120,000 in 1970–1972; Aba went from 57,787 in 1948–1952 to an estimated 300,000 in 1970–1972; Abeokuta went from 84,451 people in 1948–1952 to an estimated 250,000 in 1970–1972; Kakuri now part of Kaduna had 1,000 inhabitants in 1948–1952 and an estimated 30,000 people in 1970–1972. In November 2020, Lagos State issued over 2,500 eviction notices to informal settlements in Fagba a district of Ifako-Ijaiye, stating that the squatters were hoodlums who had been involved in the EndSARS protests.

## Lagos

The capital Lagos is the most populated city in Africa, with over 14 million people in 2019 (Nigeria as a whole had over 200 million people). In 1995, almost 70% of the population of Lagos lived in slums. Makoko is an area composed of six villages, four on water and two on land. The villages on water are made up of wooden shacks built beside the Third Mainland Bridge. There are no official figures and population estimates range from 40,000 up to 300,000 people. An eviction attempt in 2012 by the State Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development stopped when a resident was shot dead. Badia East is a slum beside the railway which has seen large-scale evictions in 1986, 1997, 2003 and 2013.
# Andrew Nkom

Andrew Andarawus Nkom (born 20 June 1943) is a Nigerian professor, educationist, administrator, and writer.

## Early life and education

Nkom was born on 20 June 1943, in Kaura, Northern Region, British Nigeria (now Kaura, southern Kaduna State, Nigeria). He attended SIM Primary Schools, Kaura and Kagoro, between 1951 and 1957; then proceeded to Provincial Secondary School, Zaria, 1958–1962. Afterwards, he gained admission into the Advanced Teachers' College, Zaria, 1963–1966. Between 1978 and 1980 he studied at Emerson College, Boston, United States, and at Boston University, Boston, USA, between 1981 and 1982.

## Personal life

Nkom married Magdalene Avan Darusa in 1970. They have three sons and two daughters.

## Working career

In 1963, Nkom was employed as a teacher at Takau Primary School, Kafanchan; between 1966 and 1967, he was a tutor at SIM Teachers' College, Kaltungo. From 1970 to 1978, he was a lecturer at Advanced Teachers' College, Zaria. In 1980, he became Assistant Tutor-in-Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and Senior Lecturer between 1983 and 1988 in same institution. In 1988, he was appointed Director, Kaduna State Directorate of Social Mobilisation, Kaduna. In 1980, after his studies and graduation from Boston University, he became Graduate Assistant, Media Services of the same institution; Co-ordinator, Graduate Student Centre, School of Education, Boston University, between 1980 and 1981; Consultant, Educational Resources Centre, Zaria, 1982–1985.
He was the serving Kaduna State Commissioner-in-charge of Public Affairs and Information as of the time of the state's Local government polls in February 2018.

## Membership

Nkom has the following memberships:
* Member, Institute of Education Inspection Team, Advanced Teachers' Colleges, Bauchi and Gombe (1980);
* Member, Kaduna State Scholarship Board (1984-1987);
* Nigerian Co-ordinator, International Contact Network Volunteer;
* Member, Centre for Adult Education and Extension Services Board, ABU, Zaria;
* Member, Board of Governors, Institute of Administration, ABU, Zaria;
* Member, Nigeria Audiovisual Association (NAVA)
* Member, National Association of Television Arts and Science, Boston Chapter, United States (1978-1981).

## Publications

* Media Resource Facilities for the Institute of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria: A Proposal (1979)
* A Survey and Analysis of the State of Educational Media in the Established Nigerian Universities, Ann Arbor, University Microfilms International (1982)
* ERC Planning Handbook, NESCN Publication (1984)
* Specialised Production Facilities in Nigerian University Media Services, Nigeria Educational Forum (1988)
* Instructional Communication for Effective Teaching in University Education (2000)
* Revitalizing education in the northern states: Manual on school management (2002)
* Revitalizing Education in the Northern States: Science and technology (2003)
* Promoting Quality Education in Nigeria: A Book of Readings (2017)
* Professional Teachers Handbook Technical Education (2018)
* Professional Teachers Nursing Education (2018)
# Jiaomendong station

Jiaomendong station (simplified Chinese: 角门东站; traditional Chinese: 角門東站; pinyin: Jiǎomén Dōng Zhàn) is a station on Line 10 of the Beijing Subway. The phase II of Line 10 entered in operation on December 30, 2012. However, this station did not open on that day, and Line 10 skipped this station. The station opened on 5 May 2013.

## Station layout

The station has an underground island platform.

## Exits

There are 5 exits, lettered A, B, C, D1, and D2. Exit C is accessible.
# Nicola Tesini

Nicola Tesini (born April 19, 1962) is an Italian race car driver and journalist, a promoter of motor events and a driving instructor.
Son of Danilo Tesini – Tazio Nuvolari's mechanic, racer and builder of Sport cars – he started his career in 1982 in the Avon challenge of Formula Italia.
In 1984 he was second in the Italian championship Formula 2000 at the wheel of the Alba-Alfa Romeo of Formula 3 with a record of four winnings in sequence.
In 1985 and 1986 he joined the Italian Formula 3 championship on a Dallara 385 and still in 1986 he made his debut in the last two races of the European championship of Formula 3000, in Le Mans (France) and Jarama (Spain), driving the team Coloni's March Ford Cosworth.
The following year, in 1987, he joined the official team Maserati Proteam as a tester and a racer in the WTCC tourism world championship, driving the Maserati Biturbo
Once he gave up the competitive activity at the end of 1987, he became a tester and a journalist for some Italian car magazines.
Still as a journalist, he competed in the champions' race of Formula 1 in 1999 in Magny Cours on cars by F.France, in two of the Andros Trophy ice racing (in 1995 and 2000 for Citroen), in a trial of the Italian Superstar championship 2004 (2nd absolute in Imola on BMW M5) and in the two editions of the 24 Hours of Nürburgring in 2004 and 2005 on Seat Leon TDi.
In 2004 he founded the SCDT, officially importing in Italy the discipline of Drifting. By this structure he achieved two international records: the regulation of the speciality under the aegis of FIA (2007) and the introduction in 2010 of a revolutionary telemetric system of data transfer (Spydrift), which can read every single moment and every single movement of the drifter and of his car.
In 2005, on the English circuit of Silverstone, he met the Japanese pilot who gave birth to the discipline of Drifting: "Drift King" Keiichi Tsuchiya.
Since 2006 he is the promoter of the national series SuperDrift Professional Challenge and the coordinator of the first Italian school of Drifting Drift Fun Day, born in 2004 and then supported by the SuperCarControl, the first international tutoring-school with personal-trainer Nicola Tesini, devoted to the driving of Grand Touring and road Supercars.
# Zhang Jian (judge)

Zhang Jian (Chinese: 张坚; born September 1955) is a Chinese judge who served as president of Anhui Provincial People's Court from 2013 to 2018. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in August 2019. He was a delegate to the 12th National People's Congress.

## Biography

Zhang was born in Qinyang, Henan, in September 1955. During the Cultural Revolution, he worked as a sent-down youth in Jingmen, Hubei. He graduated from National Police University for Criminal Justice, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law and Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
He entered the workforce in 1970, and joined the Chinese Communist Party in February 1980. In February 1978, he was assigned to the Miaozihu Police Station as a police, where he was promoted to deputy director in February 1983. He served as deputy director of the Correctional Division of Shayang Agricultural Authority in June 1988, and two years later promoted to the director position. In March 1994, he became the deputy director of Hubei Provincial Prison Administration, rising to director in July 1997. In July 2000, he was appointed deputy director of Hubei Provincial Justice Department, and rose to become director in January 2003. In February 2008, he became executive vice president of Hubei Provincial People's Court [zh], a post he kept until January 2013, when he was transferred to the neighboring Anhui province and appointed president of Anhui Provincial People's Court [zh], a position at vice-ministerial level.

### Downfall

On 25 August 2019, he was put under investigation for alleged "serious violations of discipline and laws" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China. On November 29, his qualification for delegates to the 13th AnhuiPeople's Congress was terminated.
On 22 January 2020, he was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party and dismissed from public office. On February 16, prosecutors signed an arrest order for him. In March, he was indicted on suspicion of accepting bribes. On November 26, he stood trial at the Intermediate People's Court of Xiamen on charges of taking bribes. He was charged with accepting money and property worth over 71.79 million yuan ($11.14 million) personally or through others. According to the indictment, he allegedly took advantage of his various positions in both Hubei and Anhui between 1995 and 2019 to seek benefits for helping others obtain projects, case trial, personnel transfer and civil execution.
On 14 September 2021, he received a sentence of 15 years in prison and fined of 5 million yuan ($0.776 million). The money and property that Zhang had received in the form of bribes, as well as any interest arising from them, will be turned over to the national treasury. Zhang said he agreed with the judgment and will not appeal to a higher court.
# Edward Smyth-Osbourne

Lieutenant General Sir Edward Alexander Smyth-Osbourne, KCVO, CBE (born 18 May 1964) is a retired senior British Army officer.

## Early life and education

Smyth-Osbourne was born on 18 May 1964 in Plymouth, England. He was educated at Eton College, an all-boys public school in Berkshire. He studied at the University of St Andrews, graduating with an undergraduate Master of Arts (MA Hons).

## Military career

Smyth-Osbourne was commissioned into The Life Guards in October 1983. He went on to be Commanding Officer of the Household Cavalry Regiment in 2005 and in that role deployed to Afghanistan in 2007. He then became commander of the 38th (Irish) Brigade in 2009, Director of the ISAF Force Reintegration Cell in 2012, and Major-General commanding the Household Division in July 2013.
Smyth-Osbourne was Prince William's and Prince Harry's Commanding Officer in the Household Cavalry Regiment and acted as their military mentor. He was also Prince Harry's Commanding Officer when the prince undertook active service in Afghanistan. He was invited to the wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton in April 2011.
Smyth-Osbourne relinquished command of the Household Division on 11 June 2016 and was knighted and invested as a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order by the Queen. He became Deputy Commander of the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Italy in July 2016, and took command of the Allied Rapid Reaction Corps in July 2019. He retired in April 2022.
Smyth-Osbourne was appointed Colonel of The Life Guards and Gold Stick in Waiting to the Queen on 7 June 2019.
He was appointed Honorary Colonel Wiltshire Army Cadet Force on 1 December 2024.

## Personal life

In 1996, Smyth-Osbourne married Lucy Turner. Together they have two children: one son and one daughter.
# Mary Wood, Viscountess Halifax

Mary Wood, Viscountess Halifax (3 May 1807 – 6 July 1884), formerly Mary Grey, was an English noblewoman. She was the wife of Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, and the mother of Charles Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax.
She was born the fifth and youngest surviving daughter of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey. She married Charles Wood, MP, on 30 July 1829, and they had seven children:
* Hon Blanche Edith Wood (d. 21 July 1921), who married Colonel the Hon Henry William Lowry-Corry (1845–1927) and had children
* Hon Alice Louisa Wood (d. 3 June 1934), who married the Hon. John Charles Dundas, MP, and had children
* Charles Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax (1839–1934), who married Lady Agnes Elizabeth Courtenay and had children
* Hon Emily Charlotte Wood (1840–1904), who married Hugo Francis Meynell-Ingram (1822–1871) and had no children
* Capt Hon Francis Lindley Wood, RN (1841–1873)
* Lt Col Hon Henry John Lindley Wood (1843–1903), who married Laura Adeline Thellusson and had one child
* Fredrick George Lindley Wood (later Meynell) (1846–1910), who married Lady Mary Susan Félicie Lindsay and had children
The family had residences at Belgrave Square in London and Hickleton Hall in South Yorkshire. In 1878 Viscountess Halifax was admitted by Queen Victoria to the Imperial Order of the Crown of India, which was instituted in that year.
Viscountess Halifax died at the age of 76. Her husband outlived her by one year, and was succeeded by their eldest son.
# A House in the Sky

A House in the Sky is a 2013 memoir by Amanda Lindhout, co-written with the journalist Sara Corbett. It recounts Lindhout's experience in southern Somalia as a hostage of teenage militants from the Hizbul Islam fundamentalist group. The book won the 2014 CBC Bookie Award for Best Canadian Nonfiction and was nominated for the 2014 Libris Award for best non-fiction book of 2013. It was also a New York Times bestseller in 2013.
The book was optioned in 2014 by Megan Ellison in order to create a screen adaptation of the work. Rooney Mara will play Lindhout in the film version.
# Pertti Torstila

Pertti Juhani Torstila (born 13 February 1946 in Jyväskylän maalaiskunta) has had a long career in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland made by an official and a diplomat. Prior to his retirement, he served as State Secretary for Foreign Affairs in 2006-2014.
In June 2014, Torstila was elected Chairman of the Finnish Red Cross.
In May 2015, Torstila was promoted to the post of Honorary Doctor of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Budapest (Eötvös Lorand).
Pertti Torstila was elected in November 2015 as a "Social Science Fellow".

## Career

Torstila graduated as student in 1965. In 1966-1967 he was the UN peacekeeping forces (UNFICYP) in Cyprus. In 1970 Torstila graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science from the University of Helsinki and started the same year as an assistant at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Between 1972 and 1973 Torstila prepared a European Conference on Security and Cooperation (OSCE), whose summit was held in Helsinki in 1975.
From 1973 to 1976 Torstila was Secretary of the Embassy of the Paris and from 1976 to 1978 at the Embassy of Budapest. From 1979 to 1980, Torstila was the Foreign Affairs Secretary of the Political Department of the Foreign Ministry. In 1980-1981 Torstila studied at the École nationale d'administration and in 1981-1984 was the Counselor in Paris.
From 1984 to 1988, Torstila was Head of the Department of Disarmament and Security Policy at the Department of Political Affairs of the Foreign Ministry and in 1988-1989 Deputy Head of the Political Department. From 1989 to 1992, he was the Finnish OSCE Ambassador in Vienna. In 1992, Torstila was Vice-Chairman of the Finnish OSCE delegation at the OSCE Monitoring and Summit in Helsinki.
Torstila was an ambassador in 1992-1996 in Hungary and Croatia. Between 1996 and 2000, he was head of the Political Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in 2000-2002 was the Under-Secretary of State. From 2002 to 2006, he was the Ambassador of Finland to Stockholm before moving to the State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in May 2006. He retired in February 2014.