# List of Indian National Congress breakaway parties

Since India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) has seen a number of splits and breakaway factions. Some of the breakaway organisations have survived as independent parties, some have become defunct, while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.

## List of breakaway parties

| Year | Party | Leader | Region | Status |
| 1915 | Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha | Madan Mohan Malviya | National | |
| 1923 | Swaraj Party | Chittaranjan Das, Motilal Nehru | Bengal Presidency | defunct merged with INC |
| 1939 | All India Forward Bloc | Sardul Singh Caveeshar Sheel Bhadra Yagee Subhas Chandra Bose | National | active |
| 1951 | Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party | Jivatram Kripalani | Madras State Vindhya Pradesh | defunct merged with Praja Socialist Party |
| 1951 | Hyderabad State Praja Party | Tanguturi Prakasam N. G. Ranga | Hyderabad State | defunct merged with Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |
| 1951 | Saurashtra Khedut Sangh | Narsinhbhai Dadhaniya Ratibhai Ukabhai | Saurashtra State | defunct merged with Swatantra Party |
| 1956 | Indian National Democratic Congress | C. Rajagopalachari | Madras State | defunct merged with Swatantra Party |
| 1959 | Swatantra Party | C. Rajagopalachari N. G. Ranga | Bihar Rajasthan Gujarat Orissa | defunct merged with Bharatiya Kranti Dal |
| 1964 | Kerala Congress | K. M. George | Kerala | active as the original party has various factions, which have split off from it such as Kerala Congress (M), Kerala Congress (Jacob), Kerala Congress (B), Kerala Congress (Democratic), Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas), Kerala Congress (Thomas), Kerala Congress (Nationalist) |
| 1966 | Orissa Jana Congress | Harekrushna Mahatab | Odisha | defunct merged with Janata Party |
| 1967 | Bangla Congress | Ajoy Mukherjee | West Bengal | defunct merged with INC |
| 1967 | Vishal Haryana Party | Birender Singh | Haryana | defunct merged with INC |
| 1967 | Bharatiya Kranti Dal | Charan Singh | Uttar Pradesh | defunct merged with Bharatiya Lok Dal |
| 1968 | Manipur Peoples Party | Mohammed Alimuddin | Manipur | active |
| 1969 | Indian National Congress (R) | Indira Gandhi | National | active recognized as the INC by the Election Commission (EC) after the 1971 general election. The party was allowed to call itself the Indian National Congress without any suffix and the EC also restored the frozen Congress symbol of two bullocks to it. But, Indira Gandhi's supporters preferred the “Calf and Cow” symbol it had adopted after the 1969 split and dropped the suffix “R”.. |
| 1969 | Indian National Congress (Organisation) | K. Kamaraj | National | defunct merged with Janata Party |
| 1969 | Utkal Congress | Biju Patnaik | Odisha | defunct merged with Janata Party |
| 1969 | Telangana Praja Samithi | Marri Chenna Reddy | Andhra Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1971 | Biplobi Bangla Congress | Sukumar Roy | West Bengal | active part of the Left Front (West Bengal) |
| 1977 | Congress for Democracy | Jagjivan Ram | National | defunct merged with Janata party |
| 1978 | Indian National Congress (Indira) | Indira Gandhi | National | Recognised by the Election Commission as the INC in 1981 |
| 1979 | Indian National Congress (Urs) | D. Devaraj Urs | Karnataka Maharashtra Goa | defunct become Indian National Congress (Socialist) |
| 1980 | Congress (A) | A. K. Antony | Kerala | defunct merged with INC |
| 1981 | Indian National Congress (Socialist) | Sharad Pawar | Karnataka Maharashtra Goa | defunct merged with INC |
| 1981 | Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) | Jagjivan Ram | Bihar | defunct |
| 1984 | Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Sinha | Sarat Chandra Sinha | Assam | active Major faction of the party merged with Nationalist Congress Party. However a residual faction still exists in Kerala as a part of Left Front. |
| 1986 | Rashtriya Samajwadi Congress | Pranab Mukherjee | West Bengal | defunct merged with INC |
| 1988 | Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani | Sivaji Ganesan | Tamil Nadu | defunct merged with Janata Dal |
| 1990 | Haryana Vikas Party | Bansi Lal | Haryana | defunct merged with INC in 2004 |
| 1994 | All India Indira Congress (Tiwari) | Narayan Datt Tiwari Arjun Singh Natwar Singh Rangarajan Kumaramangalam | Uttar Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1994 | Karnataka Congress Party | Bangarappa | Karnataka | defunct merged with INC |
| 1994 | Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress | Vazhapadi Ramamurthy | Tamil Nadu | defunct merged with INC |
| 1996 | Karnataka Vikas Party | Bangarappa | Karnataka | defunct merged with INC |
| 1996 | Arunachal Congress | Gegong Apang | Arunachal Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1996 2014 | Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) | G. K. Moopanar 1996-2001 G. K. Vasan (2014–present) | Tamil Nadu | active merged with INC in 2001 split again from INC in 2014 |
| 1996 | Madhya Pradesh Vikas Congress | Madhavrao Scindia | Madhya Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1997 | Tamil Nadu Makkal Congress | Vazhapadi Ramamurthy | Tamil Nadu | defunct |
| 1997 | Himachal Vikas Congress | Sukh Ram | Himachal Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1997 | Manipur State Congress Party | Wahengbam Nipamacha Singh | Manipur | defunct merged with RJD |
| 1998 | All India Trinamool Congress | Mamata Banerjee | West Bengal | active left the alliance with INC |
| 1998 | Goa Rajiv Congress Party | Francis de Souza | Goa | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party |
| 1998 | Arunachal Congress (Mithi) | Mukut Mithi | Arunachal Pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 1998 | All India Indira Congress (Secular) | Sis Ram Ola | Rajasthan | defunct merged with INC |
| 1998 | Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi | Suresh Kalmadi | Maharashtra | defunct merged with INC |
| 1999 | Bharatiya Jan Congress | Jagannath Mishra | Bihar | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party |
| 1999 | Nationalist Congress Party | Sharad Pawar P.A. Sangma Tariq Anwar | Maharashtra Meghalaya Kerala | active alliance with INC. |
| 1999 | Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party | Mufti Mohammad Sayeed | Jammu and Kashmir | active |
| 2000 | Goa People's Congress | Francisco Sardinha | Goa | defunct merged with INC |
| 2001 | Congress Jananayaka Peravai | P. Chidambaram | Tamil Nadu | defunct formed as TMCJP, merged with inc |
| 2001 | Thondar Congress | Kumari Ananthan | Tamil Nadu | defunct merged with INC |
| 2001 | Pondicherry Makkal Congress | P. Kannan | Puducherry | defunct |
| 2002 | Vidarbha Janata Congress | Jambuwantrao Dhote | Maharashtra | active |
| 2002 | Indian National Congress (Sheik Hassan) | Sheik Hassan | Goa | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2002 | Gujarat Janata Congress | Chhabildas Mehta | Gujarat | defunct merged with NCP |
| 2003 | Congress (Dolo) | Kameng Dolo | Arunachal Pradesh | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2003 | Nagaland People's Front | Neiphiu Rio | Nagaland | active |
| 2005 | Pondicherry Munnetra Congress | P. Kannan | Puducherry | defunct merged with INC |
| 2005 | Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran) | K. Karunakaran | Kerala | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party and a large number of workers returned to the INC with K. Karunakaran later his son K. Muraleedharan also returned to INC |
| 2007 | Haryana Janhit Congress (BL) | Kuldeep Bishnoi | Haryana | merged with INC |
| 2008 | Pragatisheel Indira Congress (PIC) | Somendra Nath Mitra | West Bengal | defunct merged with All India Trinamool Congress |
| 2011 | Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party | Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy | Andhra Pradesh | active |
| 2011 | All India N.R Congress | N. Rangaswamy | Puducherry | active |
| 2014 | Jai Samaikyandhra Party | Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy | Andhra pradesh | defunct merged with INC |
| 2016 | Chhattisgarh Janata Congress | Ajit Jogi | Chhattisgarh | active |
| 2019 | Makkal Munnetra Congress | P. Kannan | Puducherry | defunct |
| 2021 | Punjab Lok Congress | Captain Amarinder Singh | Punjab | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2022 | Democratic Azad Party | Gulam Nabi Azad | Jammu and Kashmir | active |