OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Noel Wilby

Noel Wilby LVO QPM (1914–1975) was an Australian police officer and chief commissioner of Victoria Police from 1969 to 1971.
Wilby, the son of a butcher from Bendigo, joined Victoria Police in 1938. Wilby served on the beat, in the homicide squad and in the wireless squad. In 1963, he was promoted to assistant commissioner and given responsibility for traffic and technical matters. In 1968 he was appointed to deputy commissioner and one year later was appointed chief commissioner on the resignation of Rupert Arnold.
Poor health affected Wilby's term as chief commissioner. He suffered from hypertension and in 1970, a heart attack. In 1971 Wilby retired from the force, on the advice of his doctor.

## Honours and awards

| Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO) | 29 May 1970 | For service as Chief Commissioner of the Victoria Police during the 1970 royal visit by Queen Elizabeth II. Originally appointed as a member fourth class. Re-classified as Lieutenant in 1984. |
| Queens Police Medal (QPM) | 1 January 1971 | New Year Honours |
| Police Long Service and Good Conduct Medal | | |
# Cäcilie von Eskeles

Cäcilie von Eskeles (1760 Berlin - 25 April 1836 Vienna) was a prominent German Jewish noblewoman, salonnière, music collector and harpsichordist in early 19th century Vienna. She was a friend of Goethe and of Beethoven.

## Family life

Cäcilie was the ninth of fifteen children of the Prussian Court Jew and banker Daniel Itzig and his wife Mariane (Miriam), née Wulff. She was also known in her family as Zippora, Zipporah, Zipora, Zipper and Zipperche. She was the sister of Fanny von Arnstein, Bella Salomon and Sara Levy. In 1777 she married her cousin Benjamin Isaac Wulff, from whom she later separated, possibly because of his conversion to Christianity. The couple had no children.

## Vienna salon

In 1800 she married again, to Bernhard von Eskeles, a Viennese banker and business partner of Nathan Adam von Arnstein, who was married to her sister Fanny. On her arrival in Vienna, Cäcilie was described by Karoline Jagemann as a woman who “outwardly bore the stamp of the women of the Old Testament” who had “not quite overcome the peculiar dialect of her nation” but who “knew how to make up for what was striking in her features by elegance in form and deportment.”
Fanny von Arnstein’s salon was recognised as the most important during the Congress of Vienna, when Europe’s statesmen and diplomats gathered in the city to discuss the peace settlement that ended the Napoleonic Wars: Cäcilie von Eskeles’ salon was second only to hers in its brilliance.

## Children

Cäcilie’s older child Henrika (b.1802) converted to Christianity in 1824 and married Franz Graf von Wimpffen in 1825. Her son Denis (b. 1803) also converted to Christianity, and after his father’s death took over his role in managing the banking house.
# Sangre Azul

Sangre Azul were a Spanish glam metal / AOR band from Madrid, active from 1982 to 1992. The group had a short-lived reunion in 2005.

## Career

Sangre Azul was founded in Pinto, Madrid in 1982 by José Castañosa “Lili” (vocals), J.A. Martin & Carlos Raya (guitars), Julio Díaz (bass), and Luis Santurde (drums). They won the "Trofeo Rock Villa de Madrid", a contest for new bands organized by the City Council of Madrid, which allowed them to be featured on a split release with two more bands.
In 1985 the group recorded and released an EP with four songs through an independent company. After this, vocalist "Lili" Castañosa quits the band, being replaced by Tony Solo (ex-Muro). Eventually, their manager secured them a contract with Hispavox, a major Spanish label, subsidiary of EMI Records, with whom they released three studio albums: Obsesión (1987), Cuerpo a cuerpo (1988), and El silencio de la noche (1989).
The group finally disbanded in 1992, due to the lack of support from their company, and the general decline of the melodic hard rock and pop metal style. In 2005, original singer "Lili" Castañosa re-activated the group with a different line-up for a few shows.

## Discography

* Sangre Azul EP (1985)
* Obsesión (1987)
* Cuerpo a cuerpo (1988)
* El silencio de la noche (1989)
# Shimazu Takahisa

Shimazu Takahisa (島津 貴久, May 28, 1514 – July 15, 1571), a son of Shimazu Tadayoshi, was a daimyō during Japan's Sengoku period. He was the fifteenth head of the Shimazu clan.

## Biography

In 1514, he is said to have been born in Izaku Castle. On 1526, Takahisa was adopted as the successor to Shimazu Katsuhisa and became head of the clan. He launched a series of campaigns to reclaim three provinces: Satsuma, Osumi, and Hyūga. While he made some progress, it would be up to the next generation in the Shimazu family to successfully reclaim them. He nurtured such future leaders like Shimazu Yoshihisa and his brothers Yoshihiro, Toshihisa and Iehisa who would, for a short time, see the Shimazu clan take over the entire island of Kyūshū; he is also said to have a daughter of unknown name.
Takahisa actively promoted relationships with foreign people and countries. He was the first daimyo to bring Western firearms into Japan, following the shipwreck of a number of Portuguese on Tanegashima in 1543. In 1549, he welcomed St. Francis Xavier and met Xavier in Ijyuin Castle. He granted the Jesuit protection to spread Christianity in his domain, but later retracted his support of Christianity under pressure from local Buddhist monks. Takahisa also held a diplomatic relationship with the Ryūkyū Kingdom.
In 1549, he used "Portuguese-derived" firearms to take Kajiki castle.
In 1554, Shimazu Takahisa had to take action against his rebellious kokujin vassals, Ito clan and Kimotsuki clan, at Siege of Iwatsurugi Castle.
In 1570, he relinquished the family head position to Shimazu Yoshihisa. He died in 1571.

## Notable retainers

* Ijuin Tadaaki
* Tanegashima Tokitaka
* Niiro Tadamoto
# 17th century in paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the 17th century.

## 1665

* Athanasius Kircher in Mundus Subterraneus (publication of which begins in Amsterdam) describes giant bones as those belonging to extinct races of humans.

## 1671

* Martin Lister, a member of London's Royal Society declares that despite their appearances, fossils were never part of any animals.

## 1677

* Robert Plot misinterprets a piece of Megalosaurus thigh bone as belonging to a war elephant brought to Britain when the region was under the control of the Roman Empire. Despite recognizing this find as a petrified bone, he would later make the curious claim that fossils were made by God to decorate the inside of the Earth, and were thus never part of real animals.

## 1696

* Robert Plot, the first illustrator of a dinosaur bone, dies in Borden, Kent, the village where he was born.

## 1699

* Edward Lhuyd, a Welsh naturalist, speculates that fossils form when the minute spawn of oceanic life is carried inland by air currents and is forced to germinate inside of rocks. He also names Rutellum, a specimen now recognized as a Cetiosaurid Sauropod Dinosaur.
# Albert Sinabov

Albert Nikolaev Sinabov (Bulgarian: Алберт Николаев Синабов; born 2007) is a Bulgarian professional footballer who plays as a forward or midfielder for Augsburg.

## Club career

Born in Ruse, Bulgaria, Sinabov began his career with local side Ariston Ruse [bg] - the team his father, Nikolay, had formed. After his family moved to Germany in 2017, he joined the academy of professional side Augsburg, representing the club up to under-12 level before moving to 1860 Munich at the age of eleven.

## International career

Sinabov has represented Bulgaria at under-15 and under-16 level.

## Style of play

A centre forward at club level, Sinabov is also capable of playing as an attacking midfielder, which he has done for the youth teams of Bulgaria. While at 1860 Munich, he was compared by a coach to former German international Franz Beckenbauer for his presence on the pitch. He has also been noted for his athleticism and footwork on the ball, while his anticipation and decision-making have also earned praise.

## Personal life

His brother, Alekzandar-Boris, is also a footballer, and currently plays for TSV Buchbach.
# Angelo il custode

Angelo il custode (Italian: The Guardian Angel) is an Italian comedy television series directed by Gianfrancesco Lazotti and starring Lino Banfi as Angelo De Vita, an Italian in Argentina who must return home to prove to the Italian bureaucracy that he is still alive.

## Cast

* Lino Banfi: Angelo De Vita
* Giovanna Ralli: Elisa Anselmi
* Edoardo Costa: Adriano Anselmi
* Francesca Rettondini: Simona
* Gian Fabio Bosco: Giovannino
* Federico Maria Galante: Ghigo
* Cristiana Capotondi: Sara
* Giuliano Gemma: Rocco
* Rosanna Banfi: Tina
# SinoVision

SinoVision (simplified Chinese: 美国中文电视; traditional Chinese: 美國中文電視; pinyin: Měiguó zhōngwén diànshì; Jyutping: Mei5gwok3 zung1man4 din6si6) was a U.S.-based Chinese language television network. SinoVision has offices in Lower Manhattan, Flushing, and Brooklyn. It has correspondents in Washington, D.C., Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Houston.
SinoVision was founded in 1990 by personnel dispatched to the U.S. from the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office (OCAO) and its China News Service to counter negative perceptions of the Chinese government following the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre. SinoVision is formally owned by Asian Culture and Media Group, which also owns the newspaper The China Press. According to academics Larry Diamond and Orville Schell, OCAO "set up the firm in the early 1990s but hid its financial role."$^{:106}$ According to Reporters Without Borders, SinoVision and The China Press are "discreetly controlled by the Chinese authorities and use content taken directly from China’s state media."
According to Larry Diamond and Orville Schell, "SinoVision’s content echoes China's official media. The vast majority of its stories about China, Sino-American relations, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and other important issues for the PRC government are taken directly from official Chinese media outlets or websites, including CCTV, Xinhua, and the People’s Daily."
In a letter to its advertisers on July 9, 2024, SinoVision announced that it would end its broadcasts on September 1, 2024.
As of September 2024, the Media and Journalism Research Center evaluated SinoVision's parent company, Asian Culture & Media Group, to be "State Controlled Media" under its State Media Matrix.
# Lepidodactylus lugubris

Lepidodactylus lugubris, known as the mourning gecko or common smooth-scaled gecko, is a species of lizard, a gecko of the family Gekkonidae.

## Description

Lepidodactylus lugubris measure 8.5–10 cm in length including tail (4–4.4 cm snout-to-vent). L. lugubris is cryptically coloured, typically light to dark tan with dark spots down the length of its back and a brown strip from the ear to the tip of the nose. This species is capable of changing color, and so the same individual may appear light or dark at different times during the day.

## Behavior and ecology

L. lugubris is primarily nocturnal, but is occasionally encountered exposed but near cover during the day.
This species is all female, and reproduces via parthenogenesis. While males occasionally occur, they are very rare and often sterile. Females lay 1–2 eggs at a time, and glue them to surfaces in protected locations. Clutches are laid every 4–6 weeks.
The obligate parthenogenetic mechanism involves premeiotic endoreplication of the chromosomes.

## Distribution

This species is widespread in coastal regions of the Indian and Pacific oceans, including the Maldives, Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Japan, Taiwan, China, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Australia (Cocos Island), Western Samoa, Guam, the Society Islands, Pitcairn, and the Mascarene Islands.
It has been introduced widely in the Neotropics, including in Mexico, Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Florida, The Bahamas, Guadeloupe, Ecuador (including the Galapagos), Colombia and Chile, as well as to Hawai'i and the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean.

## Diet

L. lugubris are omnivorous. In the wild, they eat a varied diet of insects, spiders, amphipods, pill bugs, fruit, nectar, pollen, and even their own eggs. They will also feed on jam, sugar, sweetened drinks, and milk, if given the opportunity.

## Captivity

L. lugubris are occasionally kept as pets due to their simple care requirements and social nature. Because they are parthenogenic, these geckos reproduce well in captivity and thus most individuals kept as pets are captive-bred.
# George Atkin

George Atkin (1836–1899) was an American politician and Mormon pioneer who served in the Utah Territorial House of Representatives for Tooele County.

## Early life

George Atkin was born on 12 March 1836 in Louth, Lincolnshire, England, to Thomas Atkin and Mary Morley. His family were originally members of the Methodist Church, but they converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1843 when George was seven years old. He was baptized into the faith on 13 September 1846.
In January 1849, the Atkin family emigrated to the United States to join other Latter-day Saints in Utah. They sailed from Liverpool on the ship Zetland on 29 January 1849 as part of a group led by Orson Spencer. The family arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on 25 September 1849 after a challenging journey across the plains, during which they encountered illness and other hardships.

## Life in Utah

In 1850, the Atkin family was called to settle in the Tooele Valley. George's father, Thomas, was a carpenter by trade and contributed significantly to the development of the community. On 20 May 1856, George married Sarah Matilda Utley. They had nine children together. On 22 November 1883, George took a second wife, Emma Johnson, in accordance with the practice of plural marriage.

### Civic and Church Service

In 1857, when President Brigham Young called out the militia to defend against approaching United States troops, George was selected as a captain in the militia. He was also a Sunday School teacher and served as a counselor to Eli Lee, the Sunday School Superintendent. In 1864, George was elected as a director of the Tooele Library, and in 1876, he served a mission to Great Britain.
George also participated in several rescue missions to bring stranded emigrants to the Salt Lake Valley.

## Political career

Atkin served in multiple political offices including Mayor of Tooele and a member of the Utah Territorial Legislative Assembly.
# Pierre Gignoux

Pierre Gignoux (born 19 May 1967) is a French ski mountaineer.
Gignoux was born in Grenoble and competed first in the Trans Mont Blanc race in 1994. Since 1995 he has been member of the French national team.
Together with Stéphane Brosse he has held the ski mountaineering record on the Mont Blanc since 30 May 2003 with a total time of 5 hours 15 minutes 47 seconds. Amongst others, he won three times the European Cup and four times the French Championships.
Gignoux enjoys also mountaineering, cross-country skiing, paragliding and street as well as mountain bicycle racing.

## Selected results

* 1997:
** 2nd, French national ranking
* 1998:
** 2nd, French national ranking
* 1999:
** 1st, European Championship team race (together with Francis Bibollet)
** 1st, French national ranking
* 2000:
** 1st, French national ranking
** 5th (and 3rd in "seniors I" class ranking), Patrouille des Glaciers (together with Francis Bibollet and Stéphane Brosse)
* 2001:
** 1st, European Championship team race (together with Stéphane Brosse)
** 1st, French national ranking
** 1st, Trophée des Gastlosen (European Cup, together with Stéphane Brosse)
* 2002:
** 1st, Tour du Rutor (together with Stéphane Brosse)
** 5th, World Championship team race (together with Stéphane Brosse)
* 2003:
** 1st, Dolomiti Cup team (together with Stéphan Brosse)
** 4th, European Championship team race (together with Stéphane Brosse)
* 2004:
** 1st, Transcavallo race (together with Stéphane Brosse)
* 2008:
** 8th, World Championship team race (together with Alexandre Pellicier)

### Pierra Menta

* 1995: 5th, together with Olivier Pasteur
* 1996: 4th, together with Francis Bibollet
* 1997: 2nd, together with Yvan Brondex
* 1998: 2nd, together with Yvan Brondex
* 1999: 2nd, together with Francis Bibollet
* 2000: 2nd, together with Francis Bibollet
* 2001: 1st, together with Stéphane Brosse
* 2002: 2nd, together with Stéphane Brosse
* 2003: 2nd, together with Stéphane Brosse

### Trofeo Mezzalama

* 1999: 2nd, together with Fabio Meraldi and Enrico Pedrini
* 2003: 2nd, together with Stéphane Brosse and Jean Pellissier
# Margaret Havinden

Margaret Havinden (born Margaret Kirk Sangster; became Mrs Blair; 26 January 1895 – 22 September 1974) was an advertising executive born in Scotland. She was a director of W.S.Crawford and President of the Women's Advertising Club of London 1935–6.

## Life

Havinden was born in south western Scotland at the village of Bridge of Weir in 1895. Her father's business collapsed and that ended her plans to go to university. She went to work in a museum until the first world war ended. She was then unemployed so she joined two of her sisters in London working for the advertising agency W.S.Crawford, although Emily Sangster left to marry in 1919. Florence Sangster became a manager but Margaret worked for and was eventually promoted to be an account executive which she considered an ideal position between the customer and the creatives. Nineteen year old Ashley Havinden joined W.S. Crawfords in 1922 as a creative - he worked for Margaret Sangster. Sangster married in the following year.
The Women's Advertising Club of London was formed in 1923. Three of the founding members were the sisters Florence and Margaret Sangster and their flat mate Kathleen Maclachlan and Marion Jean Lyon became the president. Both of the sisters were to be president of the club. Florence was first and Margaret served from 1936 to 1937.
In 1927 she started divorce proceedings and she married Havinden in the following year. In 1929 they both became directors of Crawfords. They had two children and they employed a nanny and a housekeeper to enable them both to work. Margaret worked long hours and it is said that she ran Crawfords during the war. In 1941 they regretfully decided to send their children to America as the threat of invasion seemed credible, but short. In time, they arranged to have their children returned to them by routing their journey through Portugal.
Margaret followed her sister's lead in encouraging the careers of girls by writing. In 1951 she contributed to, Careers and Vocational Training: A Guide to the Professions and Occupations of Educated Women and Girls.
Havinden died in St Albans in 1974.
# Roger Grand

Roger Grand was a French legal historian and politician, born in Châtellerault on 3 September 1874 and died in Paris on 26 May 1962.

## Biography

A graduate of the École nationale des chartes, he earned the title of archivist paleographer with a thesis titled Contribution to the History of Land Tenure Systems: The Complant Contract.
After working as a trainee lawyer he worked as an archivist at Seine-et-Oise, Cantal, where he helped establish the Société de la Haute-Auvergne, and then Nantes. Eyesight issues forced him to retire as an archivist and turn to farming.
His eyesight meant that he couldn't fight in the First World War and became an auxiliary, working as an agricultural specialist to keep up crop yields on the home front. In 1919 he became a professor of civil law and canon law at the École nationale des chartes.
While also working as a farmer, he took on union responsibilities as president of the Union nationale des syndicats agricoles between 1934 and 1938. He served as a senator for Morbihan from 1927 to 1933.
He was a disciple of Frédéric Le Play.
The Académie française awarded him the Hercule-Catenacci Prize in 1952 for his work Une race, un château: Anjony, in the Land of Auvergne Mountains.
In 1954, he was elected to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. His academic sword was crafted by the sculptor Philippe Besnard.

## Works

* The "Paix" of Aurillac: Study and Documents on the History of Municipal Institutions of a Consular Town ( ), Paris, 1945.
       – Gobert Prize from the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
* Agriculture in the Middle Ages from the End of the Roman Empire to the 16th century (with contributions from Raymond Delatouche), E. de Boccard, 1950.
* A Race, a Castle, Anjony, Paris, Picard, 1951.

## Honors

* Officer of the Légion d'honneur (7 February 1952)
* Officier of Public Instruction
* Knight of the Order of Agricultural Merit
# Jennifer Piot

Jennifer Piot (born 24 March 1992) is a French former alpine ski racer.
She competed at the 2015 World Championships in Beaver Creek, USA, in the Super-G.
# Afterthoughts (retailer)

Afterthoughts (occasionally stylized as After Thoughts) was a chain of accessory and jewelry stores in the United States, from the 1980s to 2002.

## History
### Woolworth's/Venator Group

Then stylized as After Thoughts, the chain was created as one of the many specialty store subsidiaries of F. W. Woolworth Company (later Venator Group) in the 1980s. By 1996, the chain had grown to a total of 809 stores, and grew further that year with the Venator Group's merger of 109 Accessory Lady stores, previously bought from Melville Corporation in 1993, into their various formats, including Afterthoughts.

### Claire's Stores, Inc.

The chain, then reduced to 768 stores, was acquired by major competitor Claire's in late 1999, as the Venator Group began selling off or closing many of its specialty store chains to focus on Champs Sporting Goods and Foot Locker. As stated in their 2000 annual report, Claire's at the time planned to convert their stores under The Icing name to Afterthoughts, as they targeted the same market, and Afterthoughts had higher sales and margins at the time. In first-quarter 2000, Claire's announced that they were closing a total of 300 stores- 100 Claire's, and 200 Afterthoughts, in malls that could not support multiple stores. Despite previously announced plans, by February 2, 2002, the Afterthoughts brand had been consolidated into Claire's existing The Icing brand, following a tumultuous 2001 fiscal year.
# The Profiteers

The Profiteers is a 1919 silent film drama directed by George Fitzmaurice and starring Fannie Ward. It was produced by Astra Film Corp. and released through Pathé Exchange.

## Cast

* Fannie Ward - Beverly Randall
* John Miltern - Richard Randall
* Leslie Stuart - Tony Terle
* Edwin Stevens - Everett Dearing

## Preservation

With no prints of The Profiteers located in any film archives, it is considered a lost film. In February of 2021, the film was cited by the National Film Preservation Board on their Lost U.S. Silent Feature Films list.