OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erwinia

Erwinia is a genus of Enterobacterales bacteria containing mostly plant pathogenic species which was named for the famous plant pathologist, Erwin Frink Smith. It contains Gram-negative bacteria related to Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and Yersinia. They are primarily rod-shaped bacteria.
Many infect woody plants. A well-known member of this genus is the species E. amylovora, which causes fire blight on apples, pears, and other Rosaceae crops; E. tracheiphila, though, causes bacterial wilt of cucurbits. Other familiar species, such as E. carotovora (another major cause of plant diseases), are more distantly related to the fire blight bacterium, and have been moved to genera Brenneria, Dickeya, and Pectobacterium.
Erwinia aphidocola and E. persicina species were both observed to be present within the floral nectar microbial community of seven different orchid (Epipactis) flower species. E. aphidicola appears to display characteristics of a pathogen as it had decimated fifty percent of a bean crop in Spain in late 2003.
Erwinia rhapontici has been identified as a plant pathogen that produces a distinct diffusible pink pigment on sucrose-peptone agar and creates pink seeds in the hosts. It is also found to be a wound pathogen. Wound pathogens are replicating microorganisms in a wound that can cause the host injury. It is possible that the bacterium can penetrate though young pea pods through wounds or injuries and infect seeds produced in the pod, causing deformed leaves.
Erwinia uredovora is a bacterium from which Phytoene desaturase was isolated, which is the gene that is inserted into golden rice.

## Species

Species in Erwinia are:
* Erwinia amylovora (Fire blight)
* Erwinia aphidicola
* Erwinia billingiae
* Erwinia endophytica
* Erwinia gerundensis
* Erwinia iniecta
* Erwinia mallotivora
* Erwinia oleae
* Erwinia papayae
* Erwinia persicina
* Erwinia piriflorinigrans
* Erwinia psidii
* Erwinia pyrifoliae
* Erwinia rhapontici
* Erwinia tasmaniensis
* Erwinia teleogrylli
* Erwinia toletana
* Erwinia tracheiphila
* Erwinia typographi
* Erwinia uredovora
* Erwinia uzenensis
Dickeya dadantii was formerly classified as Erwinia chrysanthemi.
# Development kit

A development kit is a collection of software or hardware tools for aiding computer programmers in developing new software. The term often refers specifically to a software development kit (SDK), which is a collection of software development tools in one installable package.
Development kit may also refer to:
* Game development kit, a set of hardware and software for developing video games for game consoles
* Microprocessor development board, a printed circuit board containing a microprocessor and support circuitry for development purposes
** Intel system development kit, a series of microprocessor development kits made by Intel
* Java Development Kit, a distribution of the Java programming language and environment from Oracle
* Windows Driver Kit, a software toolset from Microsoft that supports developing device drivers for Microsoft Windows
# Adam Ulatoski

Adam Ulatoski (born December 17, 1985) is an American former college football player who was an offensive tackle for the Texas Longhorns. He was considered one of the best offensive tackles of his class.

## High school career

Ulatoski attended Carroll High School in Southlake, Texas, where he was coached by former Texas Longhorn quarterback Todd Dodge, and protected quarterback Chase Daniel as left tackle. He helped the Dragons to post a 41–6 record and advance to two state title games during that stretch. Ulatoski earned Parade All-American honors as a senior in 2003.
Considered a three-star recruit by Rivals.com, Ulatoski was listed 24th among offensive tackle prospects in the nation.

## College career

In 2004, Ulatoski has taken what is considered a "grayshirt" season, which means he did not enroll at the University of Texas at Austin to not burn a redshirt season. He then redshirted the 2005 season.
In 2006, Ulatoski played in 12 games at right tackle, starting the final seven. He was named a first-team Freshman All-American by The Sporting News. As a sophomore, Ulatoski started nine games at right tackle before making his first career start at left tackle against Arizona State in the 2007 Holiday Bowl.
In his junior year, Ulatoski started all 13 games at left tackle. He received first-team All-Big 12 honors by the Austin American-Statesman, the league's coaches and the Kansas City Star.
In 2009, Ulatoski was listed at No. 11 on Rivals.com′s preseason offensive tackle power ranking. He was also named to the 2009 Outland Trophy watch list.

## Professional career
### 2010 NFL Draft

Ulatoski had initially been considered one of the best offensive tackles available in the 2010 NFL draft. Projecting as a right tackle in the NFL, Ulatoski draws comparisons to Titans' tackle David Stewart. Ulatoski went undrafted and signed a free agent deal with the Houston Texans. He was waived by the Texans on June 16, 2010.
# Single-pass membrane protein

A single-pass membrane protein also known as single-spanning protein or bitopic protein is a transmembrane protein that spans the lipid bilayer only once. These proteins may constitute up to 50% of all transmembrane proteins, depending on the organism, and contribute significantly to the network of interactions between different proteins in cells, including interactions via transmembrane alpha helices. They usually include one or several water-soluble domains situated at the different sides of biological membranes, for example in single-pass transmembrane receptors. Some of them are small and serve as regulatory or structure-stabilizing subunits in large multi-protein transmembrane complexes, such as photosystems or the respiratory chain. More than 2300 single-pass membrane proteins were identified in the human genome.

## Topology-based classification

Bitopic proteins are classified into 4 types, depending on their transmembrane topology and location of the transmembrane helix in the amino acid sequence of the protein. According to Uniprot:
* Type I: N-terminus on the extracellular side of the membrane; removed signal peptide
* Type II: N-terminus on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane; transmembrane helix located close to the N-terminus, where it works as an anchor
* Type III: N-terminus on the extracellular side of the membrane; no signal peptide
* Type IV: N-terminus on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane; transmembrane helix located close to the C-terminus, where it works as an anchor
Hence type I proteins are anchored to the lipid membrane with a stop-transfer anchor sequence and have their N-terminal domains targeted to the ER lumen during synthesis. Type II and III are anchored with a signal-anchor sequence, with type II being targeted to the ER lumen with its C-terminal domain, while type III have their N-terminal domains targeted to the ER lumen.

## Structure

A single-pass transmembrane protein typically consists of three domains, the extracellular domain, the transmembrane domain, and the intracellular domain. The transmembrane domain is the smallest at around 25 amino acid residues and forms an alpha helix inserted into the membrane bilayer. The ECD is typically much larger than the ICD and is often globular, whereas many ICDs have relatively high disorder. Some proteins in this class function as monomers, but dimerization or higher-order oligomerization is common.

## Evolution

The number of single-pass transmembrane proteins in an organism's genome varies significantly. It is higher in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and in multicellular than unicellular organisms. The fraction of proteins in this class is larger in humans than in the model organisms Danio rerio (zebrafish) and Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode worms), suggesting that genes encoding these proteins have undergone expansion in the vertebrate and mammalian lineages.

## Databases

* Membranome database is a database of bitopic proteins from several model organisms.
* Bitopic proteins in OPM database
# Vincent Anioke

Vincent Anioke is a Nigerian-Canadian writer, whose debut short story collection Perfect Little Angels was a finalist for the 2024 Dayne Ogilvie Prize for debut books by Canadian LGBTQ writers.
Born and raised in Enugu, Nigeria, he published the novel Whirlwind of Metamorphosis in 2014 before moving to the United States to study computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He currently lives in Waterloo, Ontario, where he is employed as a software engineer with Google.
He was shortlisted for the African division of the Commonwealth Short Story Prize in 2021 for "Ogbuefi", and the RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers in 2023 for "Mama's Lullabies". He has also been longlisted on three occasions for the CBC Short Story Prize.
# Mogens Christiansen

Mogens Stenumgaard Christiansen (born 10 January 1972) is a Danish former cricketer. Christiansen was a left-handed batsman. He was born at Herning.
Christiansen first played for Denmark Under-19s in the 1991 International Youth Tournament, making two appearances against Bermuda and Ireland. He made his senior debut for Denmark in the 1994 ICC Trophy, playing four matches against Bermuda, Israel, Malaysia and Namibia. His next appearance for Denmark came against the Somerset Second XI in 1997. His next appearance after this came in August 2001, when he played a List A match against Suffolk in the 1st round of English domestic cricket's 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which was played in 2001 to avoid fixture congestion in 2002. In the match, held at Old London Road in Copdock, Suffolk, Denmark won the toss and elected to bat first, making 112 all out from 28.4 overs against their minor county opponents, with Christiansen scoring 9 runs before he was dismissed by Richard Pineo. Suffolk won the match by 7 wickets. This was his last appearance for Denmark.
# Rowallane Garden

Rowallane Garden is a National Trust property located immediately south of Saintfield, County Down, Northern Ireland on the A7 road. It is particularly noted for its extensive collection of azaleas and rhododendrons. It is also home to the National Collection of penstemons. It opened on 16 May 1956 by Cynthia Brooke, Viscountess Brookeborough after being taken over by the National Trust in July 1955.

## Features

The Garden, of some 50 acres in total, features a walled garden, rock garden woods, wildflower meadows, two walking paths, a bell tower, and a tea room. The estate house is the headquarters of the National Trust in Northern Ireland.

## History

The Garden was laid out from the mid-1860s by the Reverend John Moore. He built a walled garden, created the Pleasure Grounds and planted many trees. In 1903 the garden passed to his nephew, Hugh Armytage Moore.
# Gerda Weltz

Gerda Søgaard Weltz, née Pedersen (born 16 January 1951) is a former Danish female darts player.
Weltz is 3 times Danish single champion and a former winner of Denmark Open
She was picked 15 times for the national team, and continued as a national team manager after she stopped playing – until 2012 when she withdrew from the sport.
# ErAZ

ErAZ or Yerevanskiy Avtomobilny Zavod (Armenian: ԵրԱԶ or Երևանի ավտոմոբիլային գործարան, Russian: ЕрАЗ or Ереванский Автомобильный Завод, lit. 'Yerevan Automobile Plant'), was an Armenian automobile manufacturer in Yerevan, Armenia, mostly known for producing the van RAF-977K (as ErAZ-762) from 1966 to 1996. Plans to establish the ErAZ factory came about on December 31, 1964, by the Council of Ministers of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. The original staff were trained at the Riga Autobus Factory in Latvia and UAZ in Russia. ErAZ was privatized in 1995, and declared bankruptcy in 2002.

## History

The company started 31 December 1964, with Minavtoprom (the Soviet agency responsible for the automotive industry, to licence-produce the RAF-977 at a local forklift plant). In 1965, the first team of 66 people was created and in the beginning to serve Russian and Ukrainian manufacturers. On 10 September 1965, the company moved to its first factory. The first vehicle, known as the ErAZ-762 (known as Yeraz [Dream]), was built 1 May 1966, assembling parts produced elsewhere. Production the first year was 1000 of the plant's design capacity of 2,500 vehicles per year. Early products had payloads of 800 kg (1,800 lb) and 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). They are vans and furgons, which were produced for the needs of the Armenian country and other republics in USSR.
The company built an improved ErAZ-762A beginning in 1969. Production climbed to 6,500 a year by 1973, and reached 12,000 in 1975, due to installation of a genuine assembly line, one of the Soviet Union's first of its kind.
ErAZ designers began work on an all-new van, the ErAZ-3730, in 1971, following the lead of the Commer and Dodge Walk Thru. The first trials models were assembled in 1976; they never entered production, due to a lack of funds.
The ErAZ-762B appeared in 1976. In April 1982, the company produced its 100,000-th vehicle.
In 1997, the company was declared bankrupt by a court decision.

## Models

* ErAZ-762 (762A, 762B, 762AIV, 762VAR) (1966-1996)
* ErAZ-3218 (1977-2002)
* ErAZ-3730 (1995-2002)

## Gallery

* ErAZ-762VGP, based upon the RAF-977 minibus
* ErAZ-762 on a 2018 stamp
# Tân Phú Đông district

Tân Phú Đông is a new rural district (huyện) of Tiền Giang province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. This district located in an islet named "Lợi Quan" of the Mekong River. It was established in 2008 and is the poorest district in Tiền Giang Province. Its territory came from split of Gò Công Đông district and Gò Công Tây district.
Tân Phú Đông is subdivided into 6 communes:
* Phú Đông
* Phú Tân
* Phú Thạnh
* Tân Thới
* Tân Phú
* Tân Thạnh
# Dennis Lindskjold

Dennis Lindskjold (born 21 December 1977) is a Danish former professional darts player.

## Career

Lindskjold has been picked 7 times for the Danish national team.
In September 2012, he won a Scandinavian Pro Tour event in Denmark by defeating Niels Jorgen Hansen 6–3 in the final. A year later he beat Soren Hedegaard, Jarkko Komula, Magnus Caris and Jani Haavisto to qualify for the 2014 PDC World Championship. At the World Championship, Lindskjold was supposed to face Edward Santos in the preliminary round but due to visa trouble for the Philippine, Lindskjold faced Colin Osborne instead. Lindskjold won the first leg but went on to be beaten 4–1.
He won the 2014 Nordic Cup Open by beating Mats Andersson in the final. Lindskjold made his debut in the World Cup of Darts in 2014, representing Denmark with Per Laursen and they were eliminated 5–2 by Australia in the first round. Laursen defeated Lindskjold in the final of the 2015 DDL Esbjerg event.

## World Championship results
### PDC

* 2014: Preliminary round (lost to Colin Osborne 1–4) (legs)
# Poço das Trincheiras

Poço das Trincheiras is a municipality located in the western of the Brazilian state of Alagoas. Its population was 14,418 (2020) and its area is 303 km$^2$ (117 sq mi).
# Japanese culture in the United States

The Japanese people have made significant cultural influences while immigrating to the US. Japanese Americans are mostly concentrated in West, East and even in Hawaii. Anime has became an influential part in modern American culture. On February 19, 1942, the US issued Executive Order 9066 to the US Government, which limited the ban of Japanese immigrants to the county. Japanese immigrants were one of the first to immigrate to the US (the first ones being the Chinese). The Japanese were placed into internment camps while interning the country, especially during World War II. The term "Nip" is a racial term describing American people with Japanese ancestry. The racial term "Nip" has been used in media such as Warner Bros. film Bugs Bunny Nips the Nips.

## History

Main article: Japanese American history
The first Japanese immigrants in the US were known as "Issei" or first generation. A group of Issei arrived in California from Japan as early as 1869. By the mid-1800s, the first major influx of immigrants were known as Japanese labourers began working in Hawaii and California farms.
According to the 1900 US Census, 24,326 Japanese were living in America, primarily on the West Coast. The first Japanese immigrants to come to the US were male; in fact, the 1900 Census showed that only 410 of 24,326 of these immigrants were female. Of that total number, 393 were listed in Wyoming. By 1910, the total population of the Japanese in America had grown to 72, 157, with more than 1,596 of that number living in Wyoming.
New laws reflected Anti-Asian sentiments in the US. Among these were the 1907 Gentlemen's agreement, aimed at curating immigration from Japan. Instead, the Japanese population of California increased. Women were still permitted to arrive to the US, and the steady arrival of picture brides from Japan resulted in the increase of the Japanese population in America, both through new immigration and through childbirth. Anti-Japanese groups citing "picture brides", complained that the Gentlemen's agreement was being violated.
In 1913, the California Alien Land Law barred Issei from owning land.A movement to totally exclude Japanese immigrants was eventually succeeded with the Immigration Act of 1924. The legislation significantly reduced immigration from Japan until 1952 when an alignment of 100 immigrants per year was designated.
As Nihonmachi (Japanese communities) began to emerge, Issei built businesses and Buddhist and Christian churches were established. Opportunity to work for the railroad, oil fields, canaries and farmers drew the Japanese away from the cities. Fishing areas also improved. Many Japanese moved to the San Joaquin valley and were successful in growing potatoes, asparagus, onion and other crops in areas that had been barren.
# Pedro Formental

Pedro Roberto Formental (April 19, 1915 – September 15, 1992) was a Cuban professional baseball outfielder in the Mexican League, Negro leagues and in the Cuban League. He played from 1943 to 1955 with several teams. He was selected to the Negro league East-West All-Star Game in 1949.
Formental holds several Cuban League career records, including home runs (54), runs scored (431), and runs batted in (362), as well as the single-season record for RBIs (57). He also played in the 1951, 1952, and 1953 Caribbean Series.
# Willis Cole

Willis Russell Cole (January 6, 1882 – October 11, 1965) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Chicago White Sox.
# Danuta Kozák

Danuta Kozák (Hungarian pronunciation:; born 11 January 1987) is a Hungarian sprint canoeist. She has won one silver, one bronze and six Olympic gold medals, three of which in Rio de Janeiro in 2016, making her the first female to win K1, K2 and K4 at the same Olympics (a record equalled in 2024 by Dame Lisa Carrington). At the 2020 Summer Olympics, she won a gold medal in Women's K-4 500 metres, and bronze medal in Women's K-2 500 metres.

## Career

Kozák has competed since the late 2000s. She won a silver medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Kozák then won a gold medal at the London Olympics in the Kayak Four (K4) 500m team event with Gabriella Szabó, Katalin Kovács and Krisztina Fazekas Zur for Hungary. She also won the gold medal in the Kayak Single (K1) 500m. She won three gold medals in the Kayak Single (K1) 500m, Kayak Pairs (K2) 500m and Kayak Four (K4) 500m at the Rio de Janeiro Olympics; a feat compounded with her reeling from a stomach infection one day before the events. The latter results made her the most successful Hungarian sprint canoer and the only female athlete to win K1, K2 and K4 at the same Olympics.
Kozák has also won eighteen medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with fourteen golds (K-1 500 m: 2013, 2014, 2018; K-2 200 m: 2011; K-2 500 m: 2009, 2010, 2015, 2018; K-4 500 m: 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2018 and K-1 200 m relay: 2013), two silvers (K-1 500 m: 2011 and K-4 500 m: 2015) and two bronzes (K-1 500 m: 2019, K-2 1000 m: 2007).

## Awards

* Junior Príma award (2008)
* KSI SE – Athlete of Year (2008)
* Hungarian kayaker of the Year (5): 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016
* Perpetual champion of Hungarian Kayak-Canoe (2011)
* Honorary Citizen of Budapest (2012)
* Honorary Citizen of Újpest (2016)

### Orders and special awards

* Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary – Knight's Cross (2008)
* Order of Merit of Hungary – Officer's Cross (2012)
* Order of Merit of Hungary – Commander's Cross with Star (2016)

## Personal life

Her mother is of Polish descent.
# Tony Copsey

Anthony Hugh Copsey (born 25 January 1965) is an English-born former Wales rugby union international.
Copsey was born and raised in Essex, the youngest of five children. He attended St Edward's Comprehensive School, Romford, and continued tertiary studies in Wales at Cardiff Institute of Higher Education. While studying in Wales he got recruited by Llanelli RFC, debuting for the club in 1988. He played his rugby as a lock.
Qualifying for Wales through residency, Copsey made his debut against Ireland at Lansdowne Road in the 1992 Five Nations and was considered fortunate to not be sent off only 12 minutes into the match after punching Neil Francis. He earned 16 caps in total with Wales and was a member of the squad that won the 1994 Five Nations Championship.
Copsey played professional rugby with Saracens in the back end of his career. He was managing director of Harlequins from 2000 to 2007, CEO of Wasps for two years, then an interim CEO at London Scottish and London Welsh.
# Colin Moss

Colin Moss may refer to:
* Colin Moss (artist)
* Colin Moss (actor)
# Ward No. 43 (Dhaka South City Corporation)

Ward No. 43 Dhaka South City Corporation (Bengali: ৪৩ নং ওয়ার্ড, ঢাকা দক্ষিণ সিটি কর্পোরেশন) is an administrative division of Dhaka South City Corporation Ward, which belongs to Zone-4. It was Ward No. 79 of the former Dhaka City Corporation. Ward No. 43 is located in Sutrapur Thana of Megacity Dhaka. It forms a city corporation council electoral constituency and is a part of Bangladesh Jatiya Sangsad constituency Dhaka-6.
# Mike Payne (physicist)

Michael Christopher Payne FRS HonFInstP is a British theoretical physicist, working in the field of computational physics and theoretical condensed matter physics at the University of Cambridge.
He is the creator of first principles total energy pseudopotential code CASTEP and has been involved in the development of the linear scaling code ONETEP. He was the 23rd most highly cited physical scientist in the UK between 1990 and 1999, and has published more than 250 papers which have had over 22,000 citations.
He studied at Pembroke College, Cambridge as an undergraduate and PhD student. He then spent a year in John Joannopoulos's group in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology before returning to Pembroke College as a research fellow, and to the Theory of Condensed Matter (TCM) group in the Cavendish Laboratory where he had earlier completed his PhD. He became a university lecturer in 1994, a reader in 1998 and a professor in 2000. In 2019 he became the first holder of the Ray Dolby Fellowship in Physics at Pembroke College.
He was awarded the 1996 Maxwell Medal and Prize by the Institute of Physics and gave the 1998 Mott Lecture. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 2008 and awarded the Swan Medal and Prize by the Institute of Physics in 2014. In 2011 he was made an honorary fellow of the Institute of Physics. He succeeded Peter Littlewood as head of the TCM group in the Cavendish Laboratory, a post he held until 2013 when he was succeeded by Benjamin Simons.