# Luká

Luká (German: Luk) is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Luká consists of six municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Luká (529)
* Březina (22)
* Javoříčko (42)
* Ješov (153)
* Střemeníčko (74)
* Veselíčko (26)

## Geography

Luká is located about 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of Olomouc. It lies in the Zábřeh Highlands. The highest point is at 560 m (1,840 ft) above sea level. The Javoříčka stream originates near the village and then flows to the north. The Šumice stream also originates here and then flows to the south.

### Climate

Luká's climate is classified as humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Among them, the annual average temperature is 8.1 °C (46.6 °F), the hottest month in July is 18.2 °C (64.8 °F), and the coldest month is −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 605.6 millimetres (23.84 in), of which July is the wettest with 86.2 millimetres (3.39 in), while February is the driest with only 26.3 millimetres (1.04 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −27.3 °C (−17.1 °F) on 13 January 1987 to 35.7 °C (96.3 °F) on 20 August 2012.
Climate data for Luká (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1974−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.5 (56.3) | 15.7 (60.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 26.2 (79.2) | 29.4 (84.9) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.8 (94.6) | 35.7 (96.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 24.8 (76.6) | 18.0 (64.4) | 12.6 (54.7) | 35.7 (96.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) | 2.4 (36.3) | 6.8 (44.2) | 13.5 (56.3) | 18.0 (64.4) | 21.6 (70.9) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.9 (75.0) | 18.1 (64.6) | 11.8 (53.2) | 5.6 (42.1) | 1.0 (33.8) | 12.2 (54.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.2 (28.0) | −0.8 (30.6) | 2.8 (37.0) | 8.4 (47.1) | 12.9 (55.2) | 16.3 (61.3) | 18.2 (64.8) | 18.2 (64.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 8.1 (46.6) | 3.2 (37.8) | −1.2 (29.8) | 8.1 (46.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) | −3.4 (25.9) | −0.3 (31.5) | 4.1 (39.4) | 8.4 (47.1) | 11.8 (53.2) | 13.6 (56.5) | 13.5 (56.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 5.2 (41.4) | 1.1 (34.0) | −3.2 (26.2) | 4.7 (40.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.3 (−17.1) | −22.4 (−8.3) | −16.1 (3.0) | −6.8 (19.8) | −2.9 (26.8) | 0.0 (32.0) | 5.2 (41.4) | 4.8 (40.6) | −0.4 (31.3) | −6.0 (21.2) | −12.8 (9.0) | −17.8 (0.0) | −27.3 (−17.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 31.7 (1.25) | 26.3 (1.04) | 39.1 (1.54) | 39.2 (1.54) | 63.6 (2.50) | 73.1 (2.88) | 86.2 (3.39) | 74.7 (2.94) | 60.0 (2.36) | 42.8 (1.69) | 37.5 (1.48) | 31.4 (1.24) | 605.6 (23.84) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.0 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 6.9 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 97.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 56.8 | 81.6 | 133.4 | 195.7 | 227.4 | 228.5 | 245.4 | 240.9 | 170.8 | 110.7 | 53.5 | 42.2 | 1,786.9 |
| Source 1: NOAA ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (extremes) ||||||||||||||

## History

The first written mention of Luká is from 1313.
On 5 May 1945, the hamlet of Javoříčko was burned down by the SS and all 38 men were shot dead.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,476 | — |
| 1880 | 1,394 | −5.6% |
| 1890 | 1,471 | +5.5% |
| 1900 | 1,502 | +2.1% |
| 1910 | 1,358 | −9.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,389 | +2.3% |
| 1930 | 1,330 | −4.2% |
| 1950 | 944 | −29.0% |
| 1961 | 1,015 | +7.5% |
| 1970 | 985 | −3.0% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 932 | −5.4% |
| 1991 | 809 | −13.2% |
| 2001 | 764 | −5.6% |
| 2011 | 800 | +4.7% |
| 2021 | 846 | +5.8% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

An important monument is the memorial to the victims of World War II in Javoříčko. It is a memorial area that commemorated the massacre of the inhabitants and the destruction of the village of Javoříčko at the end of World War II. The memorial area comprises a park and a memorial called Vítězství ("Victory") It is protected as a national cultural monument.