OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phil Spencer (business executive)

Phil Spencer (born January 12, 1968) is an American business executive and the CEO of Microsoft Gaming. Starting his career at Microsoft as an intern in 1988, Spencer has worked in various sectors within the company, including developing Microsoft's first CD-ROM-based titles. He joined the Xbox team in 2001.

## Career

Spencer joined Microsoft in 1988 as an intern and has worked in a number of technical roles, leading the development of Microsoft's first CD-ROM-based titles (such as Encarta), development manager for Microsoft Money, and general manager of Microsoft's online and offline consumer productivity products including Microsoft Works and Microsoft Picture It! During his early time at Microsoft, he was known by other employees to be an avid gamer, playing games such as Ultima Online in the office.
With the launch of the Xbox in 2001, Spencer joined the Xbox team and served as general manager of Microsoft Game Studios EMEA, working with Microsoft's European developers and studios such as Lionhead Studios and Rare until 2008, when he became the general manager of Microsoft Studios, eventually becoming the studio's corporate vice president a year later. He has participated in Microsoft's E3 conferences since 2010.
In late March 2014, Satya Nadella announced in a corporate e-mail that Spencer was to "lead the Xbox, Xbox Live, Groove Music and Movies & TV teams, and Microsoft Studios" as part of the Windows and Devices division.
In September 2017, Spencer was promoted to the Senior Leadership Team, gaining the title of Executive Vice President of Gaming and reporting directly to CEO Satya Nadella.
In 2018, Spencer delivered the keynote address at the 2018 DICE Summit and spoke at the 2018 Game Awards.
In January 2022, along with the announcement of Microsoft's intent to acquire Activision Blizzard, Spencer was promoted to the role of CEO of Microsoft Gaming.
Since taking over both Xbox and the Gaming division, Spencer has advocated for cross-platform play, as well as launched key initiatives, such as reintroducing backward compatibility to the Xbox platform, the purchase of Mojang and Bethesda, the further development and support of Minecraft, the introduction of Xbox Game Pass, launching the Xbox Adaptive Controller, an increased focus on PC gaming, porting some Microsoft published games to other platforms including the Nintendo Switch, the launch of xCloud, and increasing the number of first-party development studios.
Spencer received the Lifetime Achievement award at the 25th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards on February 24, 2022, and the Andrew Yoon Legend award at the New York Game Awards on January 17, 2023.

## Personal life

Spencer attended Ridgefield High School in Ridgefield, Washington, and then earned a bachelor's degree in technical and scientific communication from the University of Washington. Spencer lives in the Seattle area with his wife and two daughters.
He serves on the boards of the First Tee of Greater Seattle and the Entertainment Software Association.
# Golden Gate Academy

Golden Gate Academy (GGA) was founded in 1923 as a Seventh-day Adventist Elementary and High School on Mountain Boulevard in Berkeley, California. It remained there for 23 years until it moved to its current position in the Oakland Hills next to Holy Names University in 1949.
The Northern California Conference of the Adventist church closed down Golden Gate Academy for lack of enrollment. The grounds are now used as a private arts school. The nearest K-8 Adventist elementary school to GGA is San Francisco Adventist School, located near City College of San Francisco. The nearest Adventist High School to GGA is Pleasant Hill Adventist Academy.
# Wukchumni dialect

Wukchumni or Wikchamni is an extinct dialect of Tule-Kaweah Yokuts that was historically spoken by the Wukchumni people of the east fork of the Kaweah River of California.
As of 2014, Marie Wilcox (1933–2021) was the last remaining native speaker of the language. There are efforts at revitalization, and Wilcox completed a comprehensive Wukchumni dictionary; at her death there were at least three fluent speakers.

## Status

In 2019, Wukchumni was categorized as 8a or "moribund" on the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale. It became extinct upon the death of its last native speaker, Marie Wilcox, in 2021.

## Revitalization efforts

In the early 2000s, Marie Wilcox, aided by her daughter Jennifer Malone, began compiling a Wukchumni dictionary. The work was copyrighted in 2019, but has not been published. Wilcox and Malone held classes teaching beginner and intermediate Wukchumni to interested tribal members; Malone continues this teaching at Owens Valley Career Development Center.
Efforts to revive Wukchumni have additionally been organized through the Master-Apprentice Language Learning Program.

### Possibility of more native speakers

Due to Wilcox's efforts, at least three people are fluent in the language. Destiny Treglown, Marie Wilcox's great-granddaughter, is raising her child, Oliver, as a Wukchumni speaker. If he reaches fluency, he will become the first native speaker of the language in four generations.

## Phonology

The following tables are based on Gamble (1978).

### Consonants

| | | Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar | Post- alveolar | Velar | Glottal |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | ʔ |
| Plosive | aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | |
| Plosive | ejective | pʼ | t̪ʼ | ʈʼ | kʼ | |
| Affricate | voiceless | | | t͡ʃ | | |
| Affricate | aspirated | | | t͡ʃʰ | | |
| Affricate | ejective | | | t͡ʃʼ | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | s | ʃ | x | h |
| Nasal | plain | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Nasal | glottalized | mˀ | nˀ | | ŋˀ | |
| Approximant | plain | w | l | j | | |
| Approximant | glottalized | wˀ | lˀ | jˀ | | |
Allophones of /ʃ, x/ include [ʒ̊, xʷ].

### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i iː | ɨ̹ ɨ̹ː | u uː |
| Mid | e eː | ə̹ ə̹ː | o oː |
| Open | | a aː | |
A long vowel /eː/ can be lowered to [æː] when occurring before an /n/. The central vowels /ɨ/ and /ə/ are partially rounded.
All phonetic short vowel allophones include [ɪ], [ɛ], [ɨ̞], [ɜ], [ʌ], [o̞], [ʊ].
# Gashowu Yokuts

Gashowu was a dialect of the Yokuts language of California, spoken by the Casson.

## Classification

Gashowu occupies a transitional position within the Yokuts languages between the valley and foothill languages.

## Sample text

ʔamaˑmaw
there
šeleˑlaw
to the rock
šetʰna
wild onion
maˑxiˑni
get
wilši
she says
halaˑxin
climb
wilši.
she says
ʔamaˑmaw šeleˑlaw šetʰna maˑxiˑni wilši halaˑxin wilši.
there {to the rock} {wild onion} get {she says} climb {she says}
# Philippeion

The Philippeion (Greek: Φιλιππεῖον) in the Altis of Olympia was an Ionic circular memorial in limestone and marble, a tholos, which contained chryselephantine (ivory and gold) statues of Philip's family: himself, Alexander the Great, Olympias, Amyntas III and Eurydice I. It was made by the Athenian sculptor Leochares in celebration of Philip's victory at the battle of Chaeronea (338 BC). It was the only structure inside the Altis dedicated to a human.
The temple consisted of an outer colonnade of Ionic order with 18 columns. Inside it had nine engaged columns of the lavishly designed Corinthian order. It had a diameter of 15 metres. The naos contained two windows, much like Hera II at Paestum. It had a carved marble roof which was decorated with a bronze poppy head on top.
The importance of the chryselephantine material used is that it was also the material used for the statue of Zeus at Olympia (comparing the Macedonian royal family to the gods). The fact that Alexander is represented here is also important, as Philip had seven wives, therefore after his death there very well could have been claims to the throne by people other than Alexander. By putting Alexander in the statue it makes it clear who the successor should be. It is however disputed whether or not Philip constructed this monument or whether Alexander had it constructed later, in which case the motives would be different.
# Jemseg River Bridge

The Jemseg River Bridge is the name for two different structures currently crossing the Jemseg River in Jemseg, New Brunswick, Canada.
The current Jemseg River Bridge is a 950 m (3,120 ft) haunched girder bridge which opened in October 2002 and carries the four-lane Route 2 (Trans-Canada Highway) on a much broader span with considerably less approaching grade from the west. The former Jemseg River Bridge, located approximately 100 m (330 ft) downstream from the current bridge, was constructed in 1960 and carried the two-lane Route 2; it was closed in May 2015 due to safety concerns and the end spans were dismantled in 2016. The original Jemseg River Bridge was built in 1919 as a 3 span steel truss bridge, including a swing span. When dismantled in 1965, one half of the swing span was moved on Penniac Road (the Penniac Road Bridge was rebuilt in 2018 as a modern concrete bridge). The abutments from the original 1919 Jemseg Bridge can still be found approximately under the current Jemseg River Bridge and immediately adjacent to the Jemseg River.
# Robert Shaw Oliver

Robert Shaw Oliver (September 13, 1847 – March 15, 1935) was an American soldier and businessman.

## Early life

Oliver was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on September 13, 1847. He was a son of Daniel Augustus Oliver and Elizabeth Willard (née Shaw) Oliver (1823–1850), who died three years after his birth.
His maternal grandparents were Robert Gould Shaw and Eliza Willard (née Parkman) Shaw. Through his abolitionist uncle Francis George Shaw and, his wife, Sarah Blake Sturgis Shaw, he was a first cousin of Josephine Shaw Lowell (wife of Charles Russell Lowell) and Robert Gould Shaw (who was killed at the Second Battle of Fort Wagner during the Civil War). Through his uncle Quincy Adams Shaw and, his wife, Pauline Agassiz Shaw, he was also a first cousin of wealthy landowner Robert Gould Shaw II (who was the first husband of Nancy Langhorne, who later became Viscountess Astor).
He graduated from a military academy in Ossining, New York.

## Career

Oliver served as a second lieutenant in the 5th Massachusetts Colored Cavalry at the age of 17. After the Civil War, he remained in the Army assigned to the 25th Army Corps in Texas and the 8th US Cavalry in California, Oregon and Arizona fighting in many Indian campaigns until 1879.
From 1881 to 1903, he was employed by Rathbone, Sard & Co., stove manufacturers in Albany. In 1881, he was elected as the first president of the United States National Lawn Association, known today as the USTA. He served as brigadier general of the 3rd brigade of the New York State Militia. In 1903, he was appointed Assistant Secretary of War by President Theodore Roosevelt and continued under President William Howard Taft, serving for ten years.
General Oliver spoke at the dedication of several monuments to Civil War Union Units from Pennsylvania at the Antietam Battlefield in 1904. The content of his speech can be found in the reference.

## Personal life

In 1870, Oliver was married to Marion Lucy Rathbone (1847–1926), a daughter of General John Finley Rathbone and Mary (née Baker) Rathbone. They had four children:
* John Rathbone Oliver (1872–1943), who was a Harvard graduate, priest, scholar, and physician.
* Elizabeth Shaw Oliver (1874–1951), who married Francis Kerby Stevens (1877–1945).
* Cora Lyman Oliver (1876–1955), who married Joseph H. Choate Jr., son of Ambassador Joseph Hodges Choate and suffragist Caroline Dutcher Sterling Choate.
* Marion Lucy Oliver (1879–1936), who died unmarried.
Oliver died on March 15, 1935, in Charleston, South Carolina, and was cremated and buried with his wife, Marion in the Albany Rural Cemetery according to the Cemetery's Burial Cards.

### Descendants

Through his daughter Cora, he was a grandfather of Helen (née Choate) Platt (1906–1974), great-grandfather of diplomat Nicholas Platt, the former U.S. Ambassador to Zambia, the Philippines, and Pakistan; and a great-great-grandfather of actor Oliver Platt. Also through Cora, he was a grandfather of Marion (née Choate) Harding (1905–1979), who married Charles Barney Harding, who served as chairman of the New York Stock Exchange and Smith, Barney & Co. (founded by his grandfather Charles D. Barney).
# Undefeated (2003 film)

Undefeated is a 2003 HBO television film starring and directed by John Leguizamo.

## Storyline

This film follows a boxer who climbs the ranks as a featherweight fighter who has never lost a match. The story starts in Queens, New York with Leguizamo training and then fighting in a Golden Gloves boxing match. When his brother who owned a convenience store dies, he is faced with the decision of never boxing again. He soon turns pro and goes to win the championship bout. Quickly the champ struggles with success, entourage, and relationships with his girlfriend as well as his manager.

## Cast

* John Leguizamo as Lex Vargas
* Clifton Collins Jr. as "Loco"
* Adrian Martinez as "Chewey"
* Juan Carlos Hernández as Franky
* Nestor Serrano as Victor
* Coati Mundi as Old Man
* David Zayas as Paulie
* Guillermo Díaz as Manny (credited as Guillermo Diaz)
* Omar Benson Miller as Mack
* Vanessa Ferlito as Lizette Sanchez
* Robert Montano as Resto
* Robert Forster as Scott Green
* Kim Matulova as Alva
* Will Arnett as Scott Green's Assistant
* Kamar de los Reyes as Jose Beveagua
* Larry Merchant as Himself
* Jim Lampley as Himself
* Mike Francesa as Mike and the Mad Dog (credited as Michael Francesa)
* Christopher "Mad Dog" Russo as Mike and the Mad Dog (credited as Christopher Russo)
* Tony Touch as D.J.
# Aigars Nerips

Aigars Nerips (born 7 September 1967) is a professional Latvian basketball coach currently signed with Latvian club TTT Riga. He is also head coach of Latvia women's national basketball team.
Under his guidance, the Latvian national team finished 13th at the 2013 European Championships.
# François Ewald

François (Robert) Ewald (born 29 April 1946, in Boulogne-Billancourt) is a French philosopher. An assistant to Michel Foucault in the 1970s, he has overseen the publication of much of Foucault's literary estate. Ewald's own work has applied Foucault's notion of governmentality to a history of the welfare state.

## Life

Ewald studied philosophy at the Sorbonne in the mid-1960s. After the events of May 1968, he joined the Maoist Gauche prolétarienne (GP). Teaching philosophy at a Bruay-en-Artois lycée in the early 1970s, he was at the centre of the political drama which unfolded when a middle-class lawyer was arrested for the mutilation and murder of a local miner's daughter: La Cause du Peuple, the GP's paper, publicized the case with the headline 'Bruay: And Now They Are Massacring Our Children!'
Foucault met Ewald when visiting to inspect the scene of the murder in June 1972, and after the GP imploded Ewald turned to Foucault to reconstruct his intellectual outlook. Ewald was Foucault's assistant from 1976 until Foucault's death in 1984, and has co-edited posthumous volumes of Foucault's writings and lectures.
Invited by Daniel Defert to contribute to a government report on workplace accidents, Ewald came to view the 1898 Law on Accidents at Work — with an actuarial concept of risk replacing juridical concepts of responsibility — as crucial to the modern welfare state. Ewald interpreted Foucault's analysis of power as showing the need for political struggle without any "reference to the Revolution", and moved closer to the New Philosophers in a call "to marry the points of view of Nietzsche and Solzhenitsyn". By the early 1990s Ewald "had become the house intellectual of the French insurance industry and ideological standard-bearer of the Medef, France's primary employers' organization."
François Ewald was part of the "Coppens commission" who prepared the French Charter for the Environment of 2004. In 2006 he received the Legion d'Honneur.

## Works

* L'état providence [The Welfare State], Paris: B. Grasset, 1986.
* (ed. with Florence Bellivier et al.) Naissance du Code civil: la raison du législateur [The birth of the Civil Code: the legislator's reason], Paris: Flammarion, 1989.
* 'Norms, Discipline and the Law', Representations 30 (Spring 1990), pp. 138–61
* 'Insurance and Risk', in Graham Burchell, Colin Gordon & Peter Miller, eds., The Foucault Effect, Chicago, 1991
* Histoire de l'Etat providence: Les Origines de la solidarité [History of the welfare state: the origins of solidarity], 1996.
* (ed. with Jean-Hervé Lorenzi) Encyclopédie de l'assurance [Encyclopedia of insurance], Paris: Economica, 1997.
* (ed. with T. McGleenan & Urban Wiesing) Genetics and insurance, Oxford, UK: Bios Scientific Publishers, 1999.
* 'Foucault and the contemporary scene', Philosophy and Social Criticism 25: 3 (1999), pp. 81–91
* Le principe de précaution [The precautionary principle], 2001.
# Fabrica research centre

Fabrica (est. 1994) is a communications research centre in Treviso, Italy financed by the Benetton Group. It produces Colors magazine amongst other projects.
The centre aims to combine culture with industry and offers young people the opportunity for creative growth and multicultural, multidisciplinary interchange. The centre is housed in a 17th-century villa near Villorba, restored and significantly enlarged by architect Tadao Ando. It was originally under the guidance of Godfrey Reggio and Oliviero Toscani. Previous directors include Laura Pollini and Dan Hill. The current president is Carlo Tunioli Young artists, designers, journalists and makers from around the world are invited to the centre and given a one-year scholarship, covering travel expenses, allowance and professional training and resources. Residents work in the areas of design, visual communication, photography, interaction, video, music and publishing under the guidance of Fabrica's core faculty, combining personal projects with work for clients.
Its first publication was Iranian Living Room, by 15 Iranian photographers, which was initially banned from being paid for through payments system PayPal for having the word "Iranian" in its title.

## Publications

* Iranian Living Room. Treviso, Italy: Fabrica, 2013. ISBN 978-88-908346-5-3. Second edition. Text in English and Italian. Introduction by Vanna Vannuccini, Hamid Ziarati and Enrico Bossan. Photographs by Mohammad Mahdi Amya, Majid Farahani, Saina Golzar, Sanaz Hajikhani, Hamed Ilkhan, Ali Kaveh, Mahshid Mahboubifar, Mehdi Moradpour, Sahar Pishsaraeian, Negar Sadehvandi, Hashem Shakeri, Sina Shiri, Morteza Soorani, Nazanin Tabatabaei Yazdi, and Ali Tajik.
# A' Mhaighdean

A' Mhaighdean is one of the least accessible of the munros in northern Scotland. It is 8 miles (13 km) north of Kinlochewe but most easily accessible from Poolewe, taking a private road South East (pedestrian & bicycle access only) to Kernsary. A good track then leads to the causeway between the Fionn Loch and Dubh Loch. Follow the path eastwards to about the 1,000 feet (300 m) level and cross the Allt Bruthach an Esain to gain the North West ridge of the mountain.
The mountain is composed of gneiss, the summit presenting the highest elevation of the Lewisian. Part of the North West ridge is capped by Torridonian sandstone.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "walkhighlands A' Mhaighdean". walkhighlands.co.uk. 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
* This Highland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Fredrik Strage

Per Fredrik Strage (Swedish pronunciation:; born 22 December 1972 in Linköping, Sweden) is a Swedish journalist and author who writes about pop culture.
Strage's writing career began in the early 1990s at the Swedish fanzine New Life. He has written for several newspapers and magazines, including Dagens Nyheter, Pop, Bibel, Månadsjournalen, Nöjesguiden, Billboard, Café and Sonic.
In 2003 Strage contributed to Belinda Olsson's anthology De missanpassade.
In 2016 Strage started the podcast Hemma hos Strage in which he invites artists to his apartment in Stockholm to drink coffee and talk about their favourite songs. Previous guests include First Aid Kit, Susanne Sundfør, Howlin' Pelle from The Hives, Lydia Lunch, Corey Taylor from Slipknot, Douglas McCarthy from Nitzer Ebb, Michael Stipe from REM, Brett Anderson from Suede, Bobby Gillespie from Primal Scream, Nergal from Behemoth, Perturbator and Father John Misty.

## Personal life

He is married to Linda Leopold and they have a daughter and a son.

## Books

* 2001: Mikrofonkåt, about Swedish hip hop.
* 2005: Fans, a study of idol worship.
* 2009: Strage text, an anthology of his articles on pop music and pop culture.
* 2018: 242, a collection of columns from the daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter.

## Awards

* 2001: Nöjesguidens pris for the year's best read, for Mikrofonkåt.
* 2005: Nöjesguidens pris for the year's best read, shared with John Ajvide Lindqvist and Klas Östergren.
* 2008: Stora Journalistpriset as Innovator of the Year (Årets Förnyare), for his list of great moments in rock on YouTube.
# Bittern railway station

Bittern railway station is a commuter railway station on the Stony Point line, part of the Melbourne railway network. It serves the town of Bittern in Victoria, Australia. Bittern is a ground level unstaffed station, featuring one side platform. It opened on 17 December 1889, with the current station provided in 1986. It initially closed on 22 June 1981, then reopened on 27 September 1984.

## History

Bittern station opened on 17 December 1889, when the railway line from Hastings was extended to Stony Point. Like the town itself, the station was named after the bird family of the same name.
Between 1921 and 1953, Bittern was the junction for a branch line to Red Hill.
On 22 June 1981, the passenger service between Frankston and Stony Point was withdrawn and replaced with a bus service, with the line between Long Island Junction and Stony Point also closing on the same day. On 16 September 1984, promotional trips for the reopening of the line began and, on 27 September of that year, the passenger service was reinstated. Also occurring in that year, flashing light signals were provided at the nearby Woolleys Road level crossing, located in the down direction of the station. In February 1986, the current passenger shelters were provided, replacing the original timber station building.
In 1991, a siding at the station was abolished.
In 2010, boom barriers were provided at the Woolleys Road level crossing.

## Platforms and services

Bittern has one platform. It is serviced by Metro Trains' Stony Point line services.
Platform 1:
* Stony Point line all stations services to Frankston; all stations services to Stony Point

## Transport links

Ventura Bus Lines operates one bus route via Bittern station, under contract to Public Transport Victoria:
* 782 : Frankston station – Flinders
# Øyangsvatnet

Øyangsvatnet is a lake in Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The lake lies in the north central part of the municipality. The lake is about 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) west of the villages of Lensvik and Selbekken and about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) west of the village of Ingdalen.
# Nový Žďár

Nový Žďár (German: Neuenbrand) is a small border village in Karlovy Vary Region, Czech Republic; it is one of the districts of Aš. In 2001 the village had a population of 24.

## Geography

Nový Žďár lies 2,5 kilometres south from Aš, about 628 meters above sea level. It neighbour with Aš to the north and with Nebesa to the east. To the west there is the German border. Most of the surrounding area is covered by forests.

## History

Nový Žďár was first mentioned in 1569, as a feudatory of the Zedtwitz.
Progress of population of Nový Žďár :
| Year | 1850 | 1930 | 1947 | 1961 | 1970 | 2001 |
| Population | 179 | 380 | 166 | 43 | 44 | 24 |

## Etymology

In Czech, Nový means New. Word Žďár is from žďárovat, which means burn out the roots

## Landmarks

* Historical boundary marker with coat-of-arms of the Zedtwitz (Aš-region, Bohemia) and Lindenfels (from Erkersreuth, Bavaria) from 1718-1754.

## Gallery

* One of boundary markers. This is from 1754.
* Bridge via railway.