# Bendahara dynasty

The Bendahara dynasty (Malay: Wangsa Bendahara, Jawi:وڠسا بندهار‎) is the current ruling dynasty of Pahang, Terengganu and Johor – constituent states of Malaysia. The royal house were of noble origin, holding the hereditary position of bendahara (the highest rank in Malay nobility) in the courts of Singapura, Malacca and Old Johor since at least from the end of the 13th century.
The ascendancy of the family as a royal house began in the late 17th century, when the last ruler of Johor from the Malacca dynasty, Mahmud Shah II died without a male heir. In 1699, the reigning bendahara at that time, Tun Abdul Jalil was proclaimed Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV of Johor, beginning the consolidation of Bendahara rule in the sultanate, with different family members holding both the titles of sultan and bendahara, and later the title of temenggong.
At the same time, Pahang was established as the special province, with successive bendaharas ruling the state as their personal fief. In 1770, following the gradual dissolution of the Johor Empire, the state of Pahang was transformed into an autonomous kingdom under the grandson of Abdul Jalil IV, Tun Abdul Majid, whose descendants continue to rule Pahang. Another break-away state, the Riau-Lingga Sultanate was ruled by the descendants of Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah, a great-great-grandson of Abdul Jalil IV, until its dissolution in 1911. A cadet branch, the House of Temenggong, has been ruling modern Johor, through the descendants of Temenggong Abdul Jamal, another grandson of Abdul Jalil IV.
Another branch, the royal house of Terengganu represents one of the junior male lines of the Bendahara dynasty. In 1717, Tun Zainal Abidin, the younger brother of Abdul Jalil IV established control over Terengganu with the title of Maharaja. He secured the recognition as the first sultan of the state from his nephew Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor in 1725.

## History

In the classical Malacca and Johor Sultanates, a bendahara was the most important and highest administrative position, serving as the chief of all ministers. As an adviser to the sultan, a bendahara was appointed by the sultan and dismissible only by the sultan. The position is hereditary and candidates were selected from the male descendants of the Bendahara family. The most notable of the bendaharas was Tun Perak of the Malacca Sultanate, who excelled in both war and diplomacy. Another notable bendahara was Tun Sri Lanang of the Johor Sultanate who was an important figure in the compilation of the Malay Annals.
The consolidation of Bendahara rule in the Johor Empire originated in the late 17th century. When Mahmud Shah II died in 1699 without a male heir, Bendahara Tun Abdul Jalil became the next Sultan of Johor and assumed the title Abdul Jalil Shah IV. His appointment was accepted by Johorean chiefs based on the understanding that the bendaharas would succeed to the throne if the sultan died without heirs. During his reign, Pahang was established as a special province of the Bendahara family and ruled directly by the successive bendaharas of the empire.
In 1717, Zainal Abidin, the younger brother of the Abdul Jalil Shah IV, established control over Terengganu with the title of Maharaja. He secured recognition as the first Sultan of Trengganu from his nephew Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor in 1725. Meanwhile, in Pahang, self-rule was established during the reign of Tun Abdul Majid when the state's status was changed from a tanah pegangan (provincial state) to tanah kurnia (fiefdom), thus the ruling Bendahara acquired the title Raja ('king') in Pahang. The allegiance of the raja bendahara to the sultan however, continued, though it weakened over time.

### Breakup of the Johor Empire

During the reign of Mahmud Shah III, the great-grandson of Abdul Jalil IV, the Sultan's power was effectively reduced to the capital in Daik, Lingga. While the rest of the empire was administered by three powerful ministers, the Bendahara in Pahang, the Temenggong in Johor and Singapore, and the Yamtuan Muda in Riau. After the death of Mahmud Shah III, the empire became further divided when a succession dispute among his two sons, gave rise to two centers of power, one in Riau-Lingga, under Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah who was supported by the Bugis nobility and the Dutch, and the other in the Johorean mainland, under Hussein Shah who was supported by the Temenggung family and the British.
On March 17, 1824, the Dutch and the British concluded the Anglo-Dutch Treaty, whereby it was agreed that Singapore and the peninsula should be in the British sphere of influence, with the islands south of Singapore in the Dutch sphere. The signing of the Treaty further undermined the cohesion of the Johor Empire and contributed to the emergence of Pahang, Johor and Riau-Lingga as independent states. The breakaway Riau-Lingga Sultanate would exist as a Dutch protectorate until 1911, when it was abolished by the Dutch colonial administration. In the Pahang Kingdom, the fourth raja bendahara, Tun Ali formally renounced his allegiance to the Sultan of Johor and became the independent ruler of Pahang in 1853. Meanwhile, in Johor, Hussein Shah and his son Ali were reduced to puppet monarchs and played a minimal role in the administrative affairs of the state, which gradually came under the charge of the Temenggong and the British.
In 1855, Sultan Ali ceded the sovereignty rights of Johor (except Kesang in Muar) to Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, in exchange for a formal recognition as the "Sultan of Johor" by the British and a monthly allowance. Following the secession of Johor, Sultan Ali was granted administrative charge over Muar until his death in 1877, and in most administrative matters, was often styled as the "Sultan of Muar".

## Family tree

The genealogy of Bendahara family is obtained through several sources, but the most important is the Malay Annals that provide the extensive account from the era of Singapura up until Johor. The ancestry of Tun Habib Abdul Majid became highly controversial, considering his eminent role as the great ancestor of the ruling dynasties of Johor, Pahang and Terengganu. There are several sources that provide contradicting information about his ancestry, which can be found in at least four versions of genealogy.
Among the sources include the Salasilah Muar compiled by R.O Winstedt in A History of Johore (1365–1895). According to this version, the current ruling house of Bendahara are the patrilineal descendants of the Ba'Alawi Sada, an offshoot of the Banu Hashim tribe hailing from Hadhramaut, in what is now Yemen. They trace their lineage to al-Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir bin Isa ar-Rumi, a descendant of the Shia Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq; who in turn is a direct descendant of Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. In the late 16th century, a descendant of the Banu Hashim clan, Sayyid Idrus, was among the earliest Arab settlers that served as religious leaders in Aceh. The Sultan of Aceh at that time persuaded Idrus to marry his daughter, and his son Sayyid Zaynal Abidin was born out of this union. Idrus's son Zaynal Abidin also became a religious leader and migrated to Johor, where he married Tun Kaishi, the granddaughter of Tun Sri Lanang by his son, Tun Jenal. It was from this union, the father of Tun Habib Abdul Majid was born.
Meanwhile, in several versions of Malay Annals, Tun Habib Abdul Majid is identified as 'Tun Habab' or 'Tun Habib' the son Tun Mad Ali, who in turn the son of Tun Sri Lanang. Tun Habib is described as still holding the title of 'Tun Pikrama' at the time the text was written. 'Tun Pikrama' is a title traditionally used for the future bendahara. This implies that Tun Habib Abdul Majid was the direct descendant of the House of Bendahara who have been traditionally inheriting the title of bendahara in the administration of Singapura, Malacca and Johor.
* B.S.M - Bendahara Seri Maharaja
* B.S.N.D - Bendahara Seri Nara Diraja
* B.S.R - Bendahara Sewa Raja
* B.P.R - Bendahara Paduka Raja
* B.P.T - Bendahara Paduka Tuan
* B.P.M - Bendahara Paduka Maharaja
* T.P.T - Temenggung Paduka Tuan
* T.S.M - Temenggung Seri Maharaja
* T.P.R - Temenggung Paduka Raja
House of Bendahara :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | Singapura | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | Sri Tri Buana $^{(1)}$ r. 1299-1347 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | Sri Wikrama Wira $^{(2)}$ r. 1347-1362 | | | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Pramuka Berjajar Bendahara of Singapura $^{(1)}$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | Sri Rana Wikrama $^{(3)}$ r. 1362-1375 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | Sri Maharaja $^{(4)}$ r. 1375-1389 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Melaka | Melaka | Melaka | Melaka | Melaka | Melaka | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | Iskandar Parameswara $^{(5)}$ r. 1389-1398 Melaka $^{(1)}$ r. 1400-1414 | | | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Tulus Bendahara of Singapura $^{(2)}$ Bendahara of Melaka $^{(1)}$ | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | Tun Perpatih Besar Sri Nara Diraja | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | Megat Iskandar $^{(2)}$ r. 1414-1424 | | | Mani Purindan | Mani Purindan | Mani Purindan | Mani Purindan | Mani Purindan | Mani Purindan | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | ♀ Tun Ratna Sendari | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Radin Bagus | Radin Bagus | Radin Bagus | Radin Bagus | Radin Bagus | Radin Bagus | ♀ Putri Rokan | ♀ Putri Rokan | ♀ Putri Rokan | ♀ Putri Rokan | ♀ Putri Rokan | ♀ Putri Rokan | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | Muhammad $^{(3)}$ r. 1424-1444 | | | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | ♀ Tun Ratna Wati | | | | | | | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | Radin Anum B.S.A.D $^{(2)}$ | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Abu Syahid $^{(4)}$ r. 1444-1446 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | Muzaffar $^{(5)}$ r. 1446-1459 | | | ♀ Raja Tua | ♀ Raja Tua | ♀ Raja Tua | ♀ Raja Tua | ♀ Raja Tua | ♀ Raja Tua | | | | | | | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | Tun Perpatih Sedang B.S.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1444-1445 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | ♀ Wanang Seri Lela Wangsa | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | Mansur $^{(6)}$ r. 1459-1477 | | | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | ♀ Tun Putih Nur Polam | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | Tun Ali B.S.N.D $^{(4)}$ r. 1445-1456 | ♀ Tun Kudu | ♀ Tun Kudu | ♀ Tun Kudu | ♀ Tun Kudu | ♀ Tun Kudu | ♀ Tun Kudu | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perak B.P.R $^{(5)}$ r. 1456-1498 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 | Tun Perpatih Putih B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1498-1500 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Melaka-Pahang | House of Kelantan | House of Kelantan | House of Kelantan | House of Kelantan | House of Kelantan | House of Kelantan | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | Alauddin I $^{(7)}$ r. 1477-1488 | | | ♀ Tun Senaja | ♀ Tun Senaja | ♀ Tun Senaja | ♀ Tun Senaja | ♀ Tun Senaja | ♀ Tun Senaja | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(7)}$ r. 1500-1510 | Tun Tahir | Tun Tahir | Tun Tahir | Tun Tahir | Tun Tahir | Tun Tahir | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | Tun Pikrama (Tepok) B.P.T $^{(8)}$ r. 1510-1511 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bendahara of Johor | Bendahara of Johor | Bendahara of Johor | Bendahara of Johor | Bendahara of Johor | Bendahara of Johor | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Putri Fatima Puteh | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Raja Wati | ♀ Onang Kening | ♀ Onang Kening | ♀ Onang Kening | ♀ Onang Kening | ♀ Onang Kening | ♀ Onang Kening | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | Mahmud $^{(8)}$ r. 1488-1511 | | | ♀ Tun Fatimah | ♀ Tun Fatimah | ♀ Tun Fatimah | ♀ Tun Fatimah | ♀ Tun Fatimah | ♀ Tun Fatimah | Tun Hassan Temenggung | Tun Hassan Temenggung | Tun Hassan Temenggung | Tun Hassan Temenggung | Tun Hassan Temenggung | Tun Hassan Temenggung | | | | | | | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | Tun Khoja Ahmad B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1513-1520 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | House of Siak-Perak | House of Siak-Perak | House of Siak-Perak | House of Siak-Perak | House of Siak-Perak | House of Siak-Perak | | | | | | | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | Ahmad $^{(9)}$ r. 1511-1513 | | | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | Muzaffar I Perak r. 1528-1549 | | | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | Alauddin II Johor r. 1528-1564 | | | | | Tun Mat Ali | Tun Mat Ali | Tun Mat Ali | Tun Mat Ali | Tun Mat Ali | Tun Mat Ali | | | | | | | | | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? | Tun Isap Barakah B.P.T $^{(2)}$ r. 1520-? |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | House of Melaka-Perak | House of Melaka-Perak | House of Melaka-Perak | House of Melaka-Perak | House of Melaka-Perak | House of Melaka-Perak | | | House of Melaka-Johor | House of Melaka-Johor | House of Melaka-Johor | House of Melaka-Johor | House of Melaka-Johor | House of Melaka-Johor | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Jenal | Tun Jenal | Tun Jenal | Tun Jenal | Tun Jenal | Tun Jenal | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | Tun Mahmud B.T.N.W $^{(3)}$ | ♀ Daughter | ♀ Daughter | ♀ Daughter | ♀ Daughter | ♀ Daughter | ♀ Daughter | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ | Tun Biajid B.S.M $^{(4)}$ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | Tun Isap Misai B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. ?-1571 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ♀ Tun Genggang | ♀ Tun Genggang | ♀ Tun Genggang | ♀ Tun Genggang | ♀ Tun Genggang | ♀ Tun Genggang | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | Tun Ahmad B.P.R $^{(6)}$ r. 1571-1586 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | Tun Sri Lanang B.P.R $^{(7)}$ r. 1586-1615 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Anum B.S.M $^{(8)}$ r. 1615-? | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Jenal B.P.R $^{(9)}$ r. ?-1642 | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | Tun Mad Ali B.P.R $^{(10)}$ r. 1642-? | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Rantau B.S.M $^{(11)}$ r. ?-1675 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | Tun Habib Abdul Majid B.S.M $^{(12)}$ r. 1677-1697 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | Johor Sultanate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | Terengganu Sultanate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | Abdul Jalil IV B.P.R $^{(13)}$ r. 1697-1699 Sultan $^{(10)}$ r. 1699-1718 | | | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | Tun Mas Anum B.S.M $^{(14)}$ r. 1699-1717 | | | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdullah B.P.R $^{(15)}$ r. 1717 | | | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Abdul Jamal B.S.M $^{(16)}$ r. 1717 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | Tun Tahir T.P.R r. 1722-1750 | | | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | Zainal Abidin I $^{(1)}$ r. 1725-1733 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Sulaiman $^{(11)}$ r. 1722-1760 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Abbas B.S.M r. 1721 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | Tun Husain B.P.R r. 1721-1748 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | Mansur I $^{(2)}$ r. 1733-1794 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | Pahang Kingdom | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | House of Temenggong | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | Abdul Jalil V $^{(12)}$ r. 1760-1761 | | | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | Tun Hassan B.S.M r. 1748-1770 | | | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | Tun Abdul Majid B.P.R $^{(1)}$ r. 1770-1802 | | | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | Tun Abdul Jamal T.P.R r. 1757-1802 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Zainal Abidin II $^{(3)}$ r. 1794-1808 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | Tengku Muhammad Kelantan r. 1794-1800 | | |
| Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Ahmad $^{(13)}$ r. 1761-1770 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Mahmud III $^{(14)}$ r. 1761-1812 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Muhammad B.S.M $^{(2)}$ r. 1802-1803 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Koris B.P.R $^{(3)}$ r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | Tun Abdul Hamid T.S.M r. 1803-1806 | | | | | | | | | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Ahmad I $^{(4)}$ r. 1808-1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Abdul Rahman $^{(5)}$ r. 1830 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | Mansur II $^{(7)}$ r. 1831-1837 | | | | | | |
| Riau-Lingga Sultanate | Riau-Lingga Sultanate | Riau-Lingga Sultanate | Riau-Lingga Sultanate | Riau-Lingga Sultanate | Riau-Lingga Sultanate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Abdul Rahman $^{(1)}$ r. 1812-1819 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | Hussein $^{(15)}$ r. 1819-1835 | | | | | | | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Tun Ali B.S.M $^{(4)}$ r. 1806-1847 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | Ungku Abdul Rahman T.S.M r. 1806-1825 | | | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Daud $^{(6)}$ r. 1831 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Omar $^{(9)}$ r. 1831 r. 1839-1876 | Tengku Mahmud | Tengku Mahmud | Tengku Mahmud | Tengku Mahmud | Tengku Mahmud | Tengku Mahmud | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | Muhammad I $^{(8)}$ r. 1837-1839 | | | | | | |
| Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | Muhammad $^{(2)}$ r. 1832-1841 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | Tun Haji Abdullah T.S.M r. 1825-1841 | | | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | Tun Daeng Ibrahim T.S.M r. 1841-1862 | | | | | | | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | Ahmad II $^{(10)}$ r. 1876-1881 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | | | | | | | | | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | Pahang Sultanate | | | | | | | | | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | Modern Johor | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Sulaiman II $^{(4)}$ r. 1857-1883 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Mahmud IV $^{(3)}$ r. 1841-1857 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | Ali $^{(16)}$ r. 1835-1855 | | | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | Tun Mutahir B.S.M $^{(5)}$ r. 1847-1863 | | | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | Ahmad B.S.M $^{(6)}$ r. 1863-1881 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1881-1914 | | | | | | | | | | | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | Abu Bakar T.S.M r. 1862-1868 Maharaja r. 1868-1886 Sultan $^{(1)}$ r. 1886-1895 | | | | | | | | | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | Zainal Abidin III $^{(11)}$ r. 1881-1918 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Abdullah $^{(3)}$ r. 1917-1932 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | Mahmud $^{(2)}$ r. 1914-1917 | | | | | | | | | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | Ibrahim $^{(2)}$ r. 1895-1959 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | Abu Bakar $^{(4)}$ r. 1932-1974 | | | | | | | | | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Ismail $^{(3)}$ r. 1959-1981 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Muhammad II $^{(12)}$ r. 1918-1920 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Sulaiman I $^{(13)}$ r. 1920-1942 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | Ismail $^{(15)}$ r. 1945-1979 Agong IV r. 1965-1970 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | ♀ Tengku Afzan | ♀ Tengku Afzan | ♀ Tengku Afzan | ♀ Tengku Afzan | ♀ Tengku Afzan | ♀ Tengku Afzan | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | Ahmad $^{(5)}$ r. 1974-2019 Agong VII r. 1979-1984 | | | | | | | | | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | Iskandar $^{(4)}$ r. 1981-2010 Agong VIII r. 1984-1989 | | | | | | | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Ali $^{(14)}$ r. 1942-1945 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | Mahmud $^{(16)}$ r. 1979-1998 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Abdullah $^{(6)}$ r. 2019-present Agong XVI r. 2019-2024 | Tunku Azizah | Tunku Azizah | Tunku Azizah | Tunku Azizah | Tunku Azizah | Tunku Azizah | | | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | Ibrahim Ismail $^{(5)}$ r. 2010-present Agong XVII r. 2024-Present | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | Mizan $^{(17)}$ r. 1998-present Agong XIII r. 2006-2011 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim | | | | | | | | | Tunku Ismail Idris | Tunku Ismail Idris | Tunku Ismail Idris | Tunku Ismail Idris | Tunku Ismail Idris | Tunku Ismail Idris | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | Tengku Muhammad Ismail | | | | | | |