OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Selburose

In Norwegian knitting, a selburose (Norwegian:) is a knitted rose pattern in the shape of a regular octagram. It is traditionally used for winter clothing such as the Selbu mitten (selbuvott) and sweaters (lusekofte, lopapeysa and mariusgenser). Of ancient origin, the pattern is associated with Selbu Municipality in Norway, and has become an international symbol of Norway (or Scandinavia generally), Christmas and winter.

## History

The design now known as the selburose has a long history. It appears in textiles across European history, and in knitting pattern books from Italy, France, Switzerland and Germany in the 16th to 18th century. It appears to combine designs of Islamic and Christian tradition based on Coptic and Byzantine art, or even the Sumerian Star of Ishtar. In Norway, the pattern was already in use prior to 1857 on sweaters from Western Norway based on Danish designs.
Marit Guldsetbrua Emstad (born 1841), a girl from Selbu, popularized the design in 1857 when she knitted three pairs of mittens with an eight-petalled rose design (åttebladrose) and brought them to church. She may have been inspired by stockings knitted by Marit Sessenggjerdet, a woman working for the same employer. The design became immediately popular in Selbu. The Norwegian Arts and Craft Club (Husflidslag) spread the selburose mitten fad across the country after 1910. By the 1930s, 100,000 pairs were made in Selbu every year, and by 1960, much of the town's economy depended on the trade.
The popularity of the design in Norway may have been helped by the desire to establish a Norwegian national identity as the decades-long process of Norwegian independence from Sweden had thought leaders searching for the country's "true spirit". The bold, "uniquely Norsk" design of the selburose fit these aspirations. Norwegian girls were taught to knit the pattern, as a pair of selbuvotter became the traditional gift of a girl to her fiancé and his friends. The home industry of Selbu mitten knitting helped make Norwegian farming life economically feasible and gave women a measure of economic independence. Norwegian emigration and international trade spread the symbol across the world, where it is often interpreted as a snowflake or a star instead of a flower. This helped cement the association between the selburose and winter clothing and therefore winter itself.
# Thymophylla tephroleuca

Thymophylla tephroleuca (formerly Dyssodia tephroleuca) is a rare species of flowering plant known by the common names ashy pricklyleaf and ashy dogweed. It is endemic to Texas in the United States, where it occurs in two counties near the Mexican border. It became rare due to the destruction and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

## Description

This plant, a shrub or subshrub, produces a clump of stems up to 30 centimeters tall. The herbage is ashy gray-green, gray, or whitish due to a layer of white woolly hairs. The leaves are linear to threadlike and are arranged alternately along the stems. They measure 1 to 1.5 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a flower head with a bell-shaped involucre of woolly-haired phyllaries. There are 12 or 13 yellow ray florets and about 30 disc florets at the center. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales. Blooming occurs mostly in March through May but it may bloom at other times depending on rainfall.

## Habitat

Thymophylla tephroleuca prefers fine sand or sandy-loam soils. Its current habitat is predominately shrub-invaded grasslands.
This plant is likely a relict, a rare species remaining in a grassland habitat type that was once more common. Most of the local territory has converted to brushland dominated by cenizo (Leucophyllum frutescens) blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima), and creosote bush (Larrea tridentata). Other dominant plant species include mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), goatbush (Castela texana), anacahuita (Cordia boissieri), and javelina brush (Microrhamnus ericoides). The introduced buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris) is common.

## Conservation

By 1979 this plant was known from a 1-acre (0.0040 km$^2$) in Zapata County, Texas. By the time the plant was placed on the Endangered Species List in 1984, there was a single population containing about 1300 plants bisected by a highway. More populations have been found in the years since, and currently there are six in Zapata and Webb Counties.
Highway maintenance is an ongoing threat to the species, as the plant grows directly next to a highway. Dying plants have been observed at the highway's edge, a possible sign of herbicide application. The installation of a gas pipeline likely destroyed some plants and its maintenance is a threat to others in the area. Grazing is not a direct threat because cattle do not eat the foul-smelling plant, but their trampling may compact the soil. The introduction of buffelgrass for better grazing has led to drastic changes in the plant community, because it spreads and competes easily with other species.
# Simpson's Hospital, Dublin

Simpson's Hospital (Irish: Ospidéal Simpson) is a nursing home in Dundrum, Dublin, Ireland which was originally founded in 1779 through the endowment of George Simpson on Great Britain Street (now Parnell Street).

## History
### Great Britain Street (Parnell Street)

The hospital was founded under the terms of the will of George Simpson, a merchant who lived at 24 Jervis Street, Dublin around the time of his death in 1779. He suffered from blindness and gout. He devised his estate for the purpose of founding an asylum for blind and gouty men in reduced circumstances and inmates of the hospital were to be lodged, fed and clothed.
Money was also donated to the Blue Coat School, the Royal Hibernian Marine School, Incorporated Society for Promoting English Protestant Schools in Ireland, Mercer's Hospital and the Magdalene asylum on Leeson Street amongst other notable charitable institutions.
Around 1781, his ten trustees bought the large brick house of John Putland on Great Britain Street for £3,600, but it was found inconvenient as a hospital and was later demolished and replaced around 1784-87 by a new larger granite-clad building. In 1784 the inmates were removed to Judge Robinson's house in Jervis Street while the new hospital was being constructed.
Historically the inmates of the hospital were said to have been an easily recognisable sight on the streets of Dublin wearing a uniform which consisted of a black felt top hat, a pilot blue suit and a walking cane.
The hospital later operated as the offices and factory of Williams and Woods sweet and jam manufacturers until it was sold in 1978 and demolished soon after to be replaced in the early 1990s by what is now Cineworld Dublin.

### Dundrum hospital

In 1825 the hospital moved to a house known as Wyckham, its present location, in Dundrum. It continues to function as a nursing home for elderly people as of 2024.
# Wansbeck District Council elections

Wansbeck District Council elections were generally held every four years between the council's creation in 1974 and its abolition in 2009. Wansbeck District was a non-metropolitan district in Northumberland, England. The council was abolished and its functions transferred to Northumberland County Council with effect from 1 April 2009.

## Political control

The first election to the council was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority before coming into its powers on 1 April 1974. From 1973 until its abolition in 2009 political control of the council was held by the following parties:
| Party in control | Party in control | Years |
| | Labour | 1973–2009 |

## Council elections

* 1973 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1976 Wansbeck District Council election (New ward boundaries)
* 1979 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1983 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1987 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1991 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1995 Wansbeck District Council election
* 1999 Wansbeck District Council election (New ward boundaries)
* 2003 Wansbeck District Council election
* 2007 Wansbeck District Council election (New ward boundaries)

## Results maps

* 2003 results map
* 2007 results map

## By-election results
### 1995-1999

Park By-Election 2 April 1998 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Labour | | 296 | 55.8 |
| | Liberal Democrats | | 217 | 40.9 |
| | Conservative | | 17 | 3.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 79 | 14.9 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 530 | 23.0 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | |

### 1999-2003

Haydon By-Election 9 May 2002 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | | 573 | 54.5 | −2.6 |
| | Labour | | 433 | 41.2 | −1.7 |
| | Conservative | | 45 | 4.3 | +4.3 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 140 | 13.3 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,051 | 28.5 | |
| | Liberal Democrats hold | Liberal Democrats hold | Swing | | |

### 2003-2007

Guide Post By-Election 11 May 2006 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Raymond Butler | 457 | 61.4 | −0.7 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Margaret Carr | 202 | 27.2 | −1.8 |
| | Conservative | Anne Elphinstone | 85 | 11.4 | +11.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 255 | 34.2 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 744 | 26.7 | |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | | |

### 2007-2009

Ashington Central By-Election 1 May 2008 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | | 427 | 50.9 | +12.9 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Baber Sikander | 412 | 49.1 | +21.5 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 15 | 1.8 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 839 | | |
| | Labour gain from Independent | Labour gain from Independent | Swing | | |
# James Stirling (physicist)

William James Stirling CBE FRS FInstP (4 February 1953 – 9 November 2018) was a physicist who served as the first Provost of Imperial College London. He was appointed to this role in August 2013 and retired in August 2018.

## Biography

He was born in Belfast and grew up in Glengormley, County Antrim, attending first Glengormley Primary School and then Belfast Royal Academy. He was admitted to Peterhouse, Cambridge 1972 as an undergraduate, taking a First in Part IB and Part II of the Mathematical Tripos and a Distinction in Part III. He graduated with a BA in 1975, and continued at Peterhouse to take a PhD (1979) in Theoretical Particle Physics in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics. He won a Smith's Prize for Mathematics in 1978.
After periods of research in the US, Cambridge and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Stirling was appointed to a lectureship at Durham University in 1986. In 2000 he became the first Director of the University's new Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology (IPPP), which together with the Institute for Computational Cosmology, forms part of the Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics, and before moving to Cambridge was Pro-Vice Chancellor (Research) from 2005 to 2008. At Cambridge he was the Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy, Head of the Cavendish Laboratory, and Fellow of Peterhouse at the University of Cambridge.
From 2001 to 2003, he served as the first Chair of the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council Science Committee, the research council's top-level scientific advisory committee. He was a member of the Physics Sub-Panel in two Research Assessment Exercises (2001 and 2008) and was Deputy Chair of the 2008 panel.
Stirling's research area was theoretical particle physics. In a research career spanning more than 30 years, he published more than 300 research papers, including some of the most frequently cited papers in the physical sciences. His particular research interest was particle physics phenomenology – the interface between theory and experiment – and he worked closely with experimentalists at research laboratories in Europe and the United States. He was a member of the internationally renowned MSTW collaboration that studies the 'parton' structure of the proton.
In recognition of his contribution to particle physics research, Stirling was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society in May 1999. He was appointed a CBE in the 2006 New Year Honours list, for services to science. He was a member of the Council of the Royal Society in 2007-8, and from 2009 served on the Council of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC).
The Stirling Lecture, an annual public lecture hosted by the IPPP in Durham since 2008, is named in his honour.
# Jinnytty

Yoo Yoon-jin (born July 28, 1992), better known as Jinnytty (Korean: 윰찌니), is a South Korean online streamer. Jinny is best known for her in real life (IRL) livestreams on Twitch where she has garnered more than 1,000,000 followers as of March 15, 2024.

## Early life and education

Yoo Yoon-jin graduated from University High School in Irvine, California in 2010, then graduated from Yonsei University with a degree in Information and Interaction Design in South Korea.

## Career
### 2017: Early career beginnings

She first started live streaming on Twitch at the end of June 2017. During this period, she liked to play Hearthstone, and she also watched professional player games or teaching videos.

### 2018–present: Rise in popularity and Taiwan Waddlethon

After becoming popular, Jinny catered to the audience with high interactivity, pure style, and increased her Taiwanese content. She also traveled to Taiwan in March 2018 and held a fan meeting.
At the end of 2019, Jinny changed her target audience to European and American viewers and also traveled to the United States. During the COVID-19 pandemic, she stayed at the home of the American streamer EsfandTV for several months, and they streamed together from time to time.
From 2020 to 2022, Jinny traveled to and streamed live in South Korea, Europe and the United States.
On October 6, 2022, it was announced that Jinny had signed with esports organization TSM.
Jinny's 'Waddlethon' was her most popular streamed event where for about two months Jinny walked 1076 kilometers around the entire length of Taiwan. During the Waddlethon, she gained over 90K followers and 6.5M hours watched.
On Day 8 of her Waddlethon, May 1, 2023, she achieved a personal record of 26,902 concurrent viewers.
During her Waddlethon on April 24, 2023, Jinny encountered a veiled stalker that followed her around for about 4 hours. The police were contacted and the stalker was institutionalized.

## Filmography
### Music video appearances

| Year | Title | Artist | Ref. |
| 2020 | Tier 4 – "Bang Bang" | Jinnytty, HAchubby, Yunicorn, Yuggie_TV | |
| 2021 | Tier 4 – "Summer Fire" | Jinnytty, HAchubby, Yunicorn, Yuggie_TV | |

## Awards and nominations

| Award ceremony | Year | Category | Nominee / Work | Result |
| The Streamer Awards | 2022 | Best IRL Streamer | Jinnytty | Nominated |
| The Streamer Awards | 2023 | Best IRL Streamer | Jinnytty | Nominated |
| The Streamer Awards | 2024 | Best IRL Streamer | Jinnytty | Won |
# Lance Lumsden

Lancelot Lumsden (30 October 1939 – 18 June 2011) was a Jamaican professional tennis player.

## Biography

Born in Buff Bay, Lumsden played collegiate tennis in the United States at Southern Illinois University Carbondale in the early 1960s. He went on to compete on the international circuit and featured in the main draws of all four grand slam tournaments, which included a match up against number one seed Rod Laver at the 1968 French Open.
Lumsden was a Davis Cup representative for the Caribbean/West Indies and appeared in a total of seven ties. Four of those came against the United States and he twice faced Arthur Ashe in singles. His most famous win came against Ashe in doubles, when the Caribbean/West Indies hosted the Americans in Kingston in 1966. He and Richard Russell teamed up to defeat Ashe and Charlie Pasarell in five sets. This was one of only two Davis Cup doubles rubbers which Ashe ever played and his only loss.
For much of his life post tennis he lived in the Austrian capital Vienna, where he married Austrian journalist Chris Lohner. At the time of his death in 2011 he was living back in Jamaica.
# Sarang

Sarang may refer to:

## Geography

* Kot Sarang, a village and union council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan
* Kota Sarang Semut, a small town in Kedah, Malaysia
* Kotla Sarang Khan, a village located in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in Punjab Province of Pakistan
* Sarang (subdistrict), a subdistrict of Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
* Sarang, Maharashtra, a village near the town of Dapoli, Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra, India
* Sarang, Odisha, Dhenkanal district, India, location of Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology, Sarang
* Sarang Abad, a village in Khairpur District, Pakistan
* Sarang Buaya, a tourist village in Semerah, Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia
* Sarang Buaya River, a river in Johor, Malaysia
* Sarang Kheda Dam, an earthfill dam on Waki river near Sinnar in the state of Maharashtra in India
* Sarang-e Sofla or Sārang, a village in Kakhk Rural District, Kakhk District, Gonabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
* Sarang Nath or Sarnath, an ancient city in India

## Organisations and groups

* Community Radio Sarang, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
* SaRang Community Church, a Presbyterian Church in Seoul, Korea
* Sarang Community Church of Southern California, a Presbyterian Church in America (PCA) Korean-American church located in Anaheim, California
* Sarang display team, a helicopter aerobatic display team of the Indian Air Force
* Sarang school, Palakkad, Kerala, India

## People

Surname
* Rustam Sarang (born 1988), Indian weightlifter
* Vilas Sarang (1942–2015), Indian writer, critic and translator
* Vishvas Sarang (active 2013), Indian politician in Madhya Pradesh
Given name
* Sarang Gakhar (died 1546), Chief of the Gakhar tribe in the Pothohar region in northern Punjab region, in modern-day Pakistan
* Sarang Rawat (born 1995), Indian cricketer
* Sa-rang (Korean given name), a feminine Korean given name

## Music

* Brindavani Sarang, a Hindustani classical raga
* Sarang ragas, a group of ragas in Hindustani classical music

## Cuisine

* Sarang Burung, edible Javanese bird's nests, and a specialty of Nyai Roro Kidul
# Michele Abbate

Michele Yvette Abbate (born March 9, 1988) is an American professional racing driver. She competes in the Trans-Am Series' West Coast Championship TA2 class for GRR Racing.
Much of Abbate's career has come in road racing, where she has four championships. She has also raced in the Sports Car Club of America and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.

## Racing career

Abbate's started in hobby kart racing. After getting her first car at the age of 16 in 2004, Abbate competed in local autocross events sanctioned by the Sports Car Club of America. Her first national event came iat Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego in 2007, where she finished on the podium.
In 2008, she moved to time attack competitions and occasionally competed in INEX legends car racing where she developed her road racing experience. In 2011, Abbate became a factory driver for Scion and finished runner-up in the 2011 National Auto Sport Association Time Trial standings, followed by winning the MotoIQ Pacific Tuner Car Championship the next year.
Abbate started competing in the United States Touring Car Championship in 2014 for GRR Racing, a team formed by Abbate and her fiancé Anthony Philleo after she lost her original sponsor. She entered the 2015 SCCA Western Conference Majors Tour after receiving $13,000 in crowdfunding, where she won the championship and became the first female driver to be given the Lindley Bothwell Memorial Cal Club Driver of the Year Award.
In 2017, Abbate raced in the Bathurst 6 Hour, where she finished 49th. The following year, she finished on the GT-1 podium in the SCCA National Championship Runoffs at Sonoma Raceway, the youngest woman to accomplish the feat.
GRR Racing switched to the Trans-Am Series' TA2 class for the 2019 season. In 2020, she finished second in the Trans-Am West Coast Championship with four top-five finishes in five races. At Sonoma, she became the first woman to finish on the podium in a TA2 race after taking third.
In May 2021, Abbate joined On Point Motorsports for her NASCAR Camping World Truck Series debut at Circuit of the Americas; she finished second at the track in the Trans-Am West Coast Championship in 2020.

## Personal life

Abbate's older brother Michael competed in karting.
She graduated from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in 2011 with a bachelor's degree in communications and marketing.

## Motorsports career results
### NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

#### Camping World Truck Series

NASCAR Camping World Truck Series results :
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | NCWTC | Pts | Ref |
| 2021 | On Point Motorsports | 30 | Toyota | DAY | DAY | LVS | ATL | BRI | RCH | KAN | DAR | COA 29 | CLT | TEX | NSH | POC | KNX | GLN | GTW | DAR | BRI | LVS | TAL | MAR | PHO | 81st | 8 | |
$^*$ Season still in progress $^1$ Ineligible for series points
# 4-Methylthiomethamphetamine

4-Methylthiomethamphetamine (4-MTMA; code name PAL-1063), also known as N-methyl-4-methylthioamphetamine (NMMTA), is a monoamine releasing agent (MRA) of the amphetamine family related to 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA) and N,N-dimethyl-4-methylthioamphetamine (DMMTA or 4-MTDMA). Much less is known about 4-MTMA compared to 4-MTA.
4-MTMA is known to act as a potent serotonin releasing agent (SRA). Its EC$_{50}$Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration value for induction of serotonin release in rat brain synaptosomes was 21 nM, whereas norepinephrine and dopamine release were not reported. In addition to its MRA activity, like 4-MTA, the drug has been found to act as a potent reversible enzyme inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). It is about one-third as potent as 4-MTA as an MAO-A inhibitor. Its IC$_{50}$Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration value for MAO-A inhibition is 0.89 nM, whereas the values of 4-MTA are 0.13 nM for (+)-4-MTA and 2.04 nM for (–)-4-MTA. Neither 4-MTA nor 4-MTMA inhibited monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Potent monoamine oxidase inhibition by amphetamines has been associated with dangerous and sometimes fatal toxicity in humans.
In animal drug discrimination tests, 4-MTA and 4-MTMA were found to generalize to MDMA. 4-MTA substituted for the serotonergic agent PMMA, whereas 4-MTMA did not. 4-MTA did not substitute for the serotonergic psychedelic DOM, whereas 4-MTMA was not assessed in DOM-trained animals. Neither 4-MTA nor 4-MTMA substituted for the psychostimulants dextroamphetamine or cocaine. It was concluded that 4-MTA and 4-MTMA show mainly MDMA-like effects in rodents.
4-MTMA had not been identified as an illicit drug or drug of misuse by 2004. However, it is said to have been encountered as a novel designer drug by 2015.
# Burlesque (song)

"Burlesque" is a song written by Roger Chapman and John Whitney and performed by English rock band Family.
It was first released as a single by the Reprise Records in 1972 and entered the UK singles chart in September, reaching number 13 and staying for twelve weeks on the chart.
It is the opening track on Family's 1972 album Bandstand.

## Personnel

* Roger Chapman – lead vocals
* Charlie Whitney – guitars
* Poli Palmer – keyboards
* John Wetton – basses, backing vocals, guitars
* Rob Townsend – drums, percussion
# António Couto dos Santos

António Fernando Couto dos Santos (18 May 1949 – 6 January 2025) was a Portuguese politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he served in the Assembly of the Republic from 1991 to 1995 and was Minister of Education from 1992 to 1993.
Dos Santos died in Matosinhos on 6 January 2025, at the age of 75.