OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Casey B. Mulligan

Casey B. Mulligan is an American economist and author. He is a Professor in Economics at the University of Chicago. He served as chief economist for the Council of Economic Advisers in the Trump Administration from September 6, 2018 to August 2019. In January 2025, President-elect Donald Trump announced his intention to appoint Mulligan as Chief Counsel for Advocacy at the Small Business Administration.

## Education

After earning a Bachelor of Arts from Harvard University, Mulligan earned a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1993. After completing his PhD, he became a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Chicago before starting a tenure-track in 1994.

## Career

Mulligan has worked as a visiting professor at Harvard University, Clemson University, and the Harris School of Public Policy Studies. He has written articles for RealClearPolitics, Newsweek, The Washington Times, and National Review. Mulligan also wrote for Economix, a New York Times blog.
In 2012, Mulligan published The Redistribution Recession which argued that social welfare programs such as food stamps and unemployment benefits during the Great Recession disincentivized work and thus prolonged the recession. Mulligan has argued that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare") disincentivizes work. Mulligan opposes paid sick days, arguing that they lead workers to take sick days even when they are not sick.
In 2020, he published You’re Hired!: Untold Successes and Failures of a Populist President, which praises President Trump's skills and his administration's policies. With Trump economic advisor Kevin Hassett, he co-authored an analysis of Biden's economic program during the 2020 presidential election.
# Mahakuli Mahatissa

Mahakuli Mahatissa, also known as Maha Cula Maha Tissa, was King of Anuradhapura in the 1st century BC. He ruled from 76 BC to 62 BC, succeeding his uncle, Valagamba, as King of Anuradhapura and was succeeded by his cousin Chora Naga.
He was not biologically related to Valagamba, and was instead adopted.
# Mount Cairnes (British Columbia)

Mount Cairnes is a 3,060-metre (10,039 ft) mountain summit located in the Freshfield Ranges of the Canadian Rockies in British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is situated 44 km (27 mi) north of Golden in the Blaeberry Valley, 5.5 km (3.4 mi) east-northeast of Mount Mummery, and 3 km (1.9 mi) from the Continental Divide. The mountain was named in 1917 after noted geologist Delorme Donaldson Cairnes (1879-1917) of the Geological Survey of Canada from 1905 through 1917. The mountain's name was officially adopted March 31, 1924, when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. There is also another Mount Cairnes named for this same person located in Yukon, where he did much of his work.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Cairnes is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C (−4 °F) with wind chill factors below −30 °C (−22 °F). Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Blaeberry River which is a tributary of the Columbia River.

## Gallery

* The south ridge of Cairnes
# Cyumba

Cyumba is a sector in Gicumbi District, Northern Province in Rwanda with a population of 17,218 and an area of 21.47 square kilometers. The sector is 100% rural but contains the small settlement of Gatuna at the Rwanda-Uganda border.
# Ueda (surname)

Ueda (上田 or 植田), romanized as Uyeda in an old version of Hepburn romanization, is the 60th most common Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ai Ueda (上田藍, born 1983), professional triathlete
* Akinari Ueda (1734–1809), Japanese author, scholar and waka poet
* Akira Ueda (上田 晃, born 1970), video game designer
* Arisawa Ueda (上田有沢, 1850-1921), Imperial Japanese Navy admiral
* Bin Ueda (上田 敏, 1874–1916), writer and translator
* Fumito Ueda (上田 文人, born 1970), video game designer
* Haruka Ueda (上田 春佳, born 1988), Japanese swimmer
* Hatsumi Ueda, (上田 初美, born 1988) Japanese shogi player
* Herbert T. Ueda, American ice drilling engineer
* Hiroki Ueda, (上田 泰己, born 1975) Japanese biologist
* Hiroshi Ueda (上田 裕司, 1940-2011), Japanese professional wrestler
* Jin Ueda (上田 仁, born 1991), Japanese table tennis player
* Kana Ueda (植田 佳奈, born 1980), Japanese singer and voice actress
* Katsuji Ueda (上田 勝次, 1945–2017), Japanese kickboxer, martial artist and professional wrestler
* Kazuo Ueda (植田 和男, born 1951), Japanese economist and 32nd governor of the Bank of Japan
* Keisuke Ueda (植田 圭輔, born 1989), Japanese actor, voice actor and singer
* Ken-ichi Ueda (植田 憲一), Japanese laser scientist
* Kenkichi Ueda (植田謙吉, 1875–1962), general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War
* Makiko Ueda (上田 真基子, born 1959), Japanese professional wrestler
* Makoto Ueda (architecture critic) (植田実, born 1935), editor and architecture critic
* Makoto Ueda (poetry critic) (上田真, 1931–2020), professor, author of numerous books about Japanese poetry
* Masaharu Ueda (上田正治, 1938–2025), Japanese cinematographer
* Miyuki Ueda (上田みゆき, 1944), Japanese actress and voice actress
* Reina Ueda (上田 麗奈, born 1994), Japanese voice actress and singer
* Rinko Ueda, (上田 倫子, born 1970) Japanese manga artist
* Ryoya Ueda (上田 陵弥, born 1989), Japanese footballer
* Ryujiro Ueda (植田 龍仁朗, born 1988), Japanese footballer
* Seiji Ueda (上田清二, born 1952), astronomer, asteroid hunter
* Shinji Ueda (植田信治, 1928–2001), newspaper editor and professional wrestling on-screen character
* Shinya Ueda (上田 晋也, born 1970), Japanese comedian and television presenter
* Shizuteru Ueda (上田 閑照, 1926–2019), Japanese philosopher specializing in philosophy of religion
* Shoji Ueda (cinematographer) (上田正治, 1938–2025), Japanese cinematographer
* Shōji Ueda (植田 正治, 1913–2000), photographer
* Sōko Ueda (上田 宗箇, 1563–1650), Japanese samurai
* Takahiro Ueda (上田 岳弘), Japanese writer
* Takuma Ueda (上田 拓馬, born 1989), Japanese badminton player
* Tatsuya Ueda (上田 竜也, born 1983), member of Japanese boy band Kat-tun
* Toshiko Ueda (上田 トシコ, 1917–2008), manga artist
* Toyozo Ueda (上田 豊三, born 1937), Japanese Supreme Court justice
* Yōji Ueda (上田 燿司, born 1974), Japanese voice actor
* Yūji Ueda (上田 祐司, born 1967), Japanese voice actor
# Mahasiva

Mahasiva was an early monarch of Sri Lanka of the kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura from 257 BC to 247 BC according to historical records. Mahasiva was one of the many sons of Mutasiva and also brother of monarchs Devanampiya Tissa, Uttiya and Asela.
Not much is known about him or his reign. He was noted to have given favor towards the monk Bhaddasala, building a temple in honor of him in the city of Anuradhapura.
# Kol Ami

Kol Ami ('voice of my people') is the name of several synagogues in the United States:
* Kol Ami (Tucson, Arizona)
* Congregation Kol Ami of Frederick in Maryland
* Congregation Kol Ami (Cherry Hill, New Jersey)
* Temple Kol Ami (Fort Mill, South Carolina)
* Congregation Kol Ami (Salt Lake City, Utah)
# Basanti Hembram

Basanti Hembram is an Indian politician representing the Biju Janta Dal party. She was elected as the Member of Legislative Assembly in 2019 from Karanjia, Odisha and won by 8763 votes. In January 2021, villagers from Kadamodaka village stopped her convoy and made her walk 7 km to inspect the damage done by elephants in the area. However, she later said that she herself stopped to inquire and know more about the problems.
# ISU Junior Grand Prix in Romania

The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Romania is an international figure skating competition. Sanctioned by the International Skating Union, it is periodically held in the autumn as part of the Junior Grand Prix (JGP) series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

## Results
### Men's singles

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2004 | Miercurea Ciuc | Ryo Shibata | Sergei Dobrin | Mikhail Magerovski |
| 2006 | Miercurea Ciuc | Tommy Steenberg | Artem Borodulin | Hirofumi Torii |
| 2007 | Miercurea Ciuc | Adam Rippon | Ivan Bariev | Takahito Mura |
| 2010 | Braşov | Keegan Messing | Joshua Farris | Keiji Tanaka |
| 2011 | Braşov | Maxim Kovtun | Ryuju Hino | Nam Nguyen |

### Women's singles

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2004 | Miercurea Ciuc | Akiko Kitamura | Nana Takeda | Jessica Houston |
| 2006 | Miercurea Ciuc | Nana Takeda | Melissa Bulanhagui | Ekaterina Kozireva |
| 2007 | Miercurea Ciuc | Chrissy Hughes | Alena Leonova | Rumi Suizu |
| 2010 | Braşov | Elizaveta Tuktamysheva | Kristiene Gong | Shion Kokubun |
| 2011 | Braşov | Polina Shelepen | Polina Korobeynikova | Kim Hae-jin |

### Pairs

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Ref. |
| 2004 | Miercurea Ciuc | Tatiana Kokoreva Egor Golovkin | Mariel Miller Rockne Brubaker | Elena EfaievaAlexei Menshikov | |

### Ice dance

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2004 | Miercurea Ciuc | Anastasia Platonova Andrei Maximishin | Alexandra Zaretsky Roman Zaretsky | Meryl Davis Charlie White |
| 2006 | Miercurea Ciuc | Kristina Gorshkova Vitali Butikov | Camilla SpeltaMarco Garavaglia | Nadezhda Frolenkova Mikhail Kasalo |
| 2007 | Miercurea Ciuc | Vanessa Crone Paul Poirier | Ekaterina Riazanova John Guerreiro | Ksenia Monko Kirill Khaliavin |
| 2010 | Braşov | Ksenia Monko Kirill Khaliavin | Anastasia Galyeta Alexei Shumski | Lauri Bonacorsi Travis Mager |
| 2011 | Braşov | Alexandra Stepanova Ivan Bukin | Anastasia Galyeta Alexei Shumski | Mackenzie Bent Garrett MacKeen |
# Else Jarlbak

Else Jarlbak (8 August 1911 – 16 February 1963) was a Danish film actress. She appeared in 35 films between 1934 and 1961. She was born in Copenhagen, Denmark and died in Denmark.

## Filmography

* Lynet (1934)
* De bør forelske dem (1935)
* En fuldendt gentleman (1937)
* Inkognito (1937)
* Pas på Svinget i Solby (1940)
* Frøken Kirkemus (1941)
* Teatertosset (1944)
* Man elsker kun en gang (1945)
* Diskret Ophold (1946)
* The Swedenhielm Family (1947)
* Hr. Petit (1948)
* Tre år efter (1948)
* Vi vil ha' et barn (1949)
* Det hændte i København (1949)
* Din fortid er glemt (1949)
* De røde heste (1950)
* Susanne (1950)
* I gabestokken (1950)
* Vores fjerde far (1951)
* Dorte (1951)
* Avismanden (1952)
* Rekrut 67, Petersen (1952)
* Kærlighedsdoktoren (1952)
* Husmandstøsen (1952)
* Ta' Pelle med (1952)
* För min heta ungdoms skull (1952)
* Store løb, Det (1952)
* The Crime of Tove Andersen (1953)
* Far til fire (1953)
* Min datter Nelly (1955)
* Tante Tut fra Paris (1956)
* Der var engang en gade (1957)
* Skibet er ladet med (1960)
* Min kone fra Paris (1961)
* Sorte Shara (1961)
# Rave the Reqviem

Rave the Reqviem, sometimes referred to as RTR or the Chvrch of RTR, is a Swedish industrial metal band from Borgholm. They were formed by Filip Lönnqvist in late 2011. They are currently signed to the German independent record label Out of Line Music.

## History

Filip Lönnqvist formed the band in the fall of 2011, along with his mother Carola. In late 2017, Carola Lönnqvist left the band and was replaced by Jenny Fagerstrandh. Before joining Rave the Reqviem, Fagerstrandh was in a band named Rockaholic with fellow RTR member Frank Petersson.
In 2014 the band begun to gain popularity in Russia through the social media site VK, and have played twice in Moscow and once in Saint Petersburg as of 2023.
In 2019, pianist Erik Cederberg left the band, and was later replaced by Rickard Lindgren.
Rave the Reqviem appeared at Infest 2019, on Saturday August 24.
Fagerstrandh left the band in 2020, and was later replaced by Jennie Nord.
On April 27, 2023, Rave the Reqviem released the fourth single from their upcoming album EX-EDEN, "How to Hate Again", featuring Joacim "Jake E" Lundberg of Cyhra.

## Style and influence

The band notably incorporates religious (especially New Testament) themes into their monikers, album titles, song titles, and lyrics. In a 2017 interview with Inferno Sound Diaries, founder Filip Lönnqvist cites the Bible as his "favorite source of inspiration", but describes music as being "[his] religion".
As with their name, Rave the Reqviem notably replaces all instances of the letter "u" in their album titles, song titles, and social media posts, with a "v", a common practice in the written English language before the 16th century.

## Members

Each member of Rave the Reqviem uses a religious-themed pseudonym.
* Filip Lönnqvist, "The Prophet" - Vocals, Guitars, Bass, Synthesizer (2011 - present)
* Jennie Nord, "The Sister Svperior" - Vocals (2020 - present)
* Rickard Lindgren, "The Cantor" - Vocals, Percussion, Keyboards (2019 - present)
* Petter Perseius, "The Archbishop" - Bass (2011 - present)
* Frank Petersson, "The Deacon" - Drums (2011 - present)

### Former members

* Carola Lönnqvist, "The Holy Mother" - Vocals (2011 - 2017)
* Erik Cederberg, "The High Priest" - Keyboards, Backing Vocals (2011 - 2019)
* Jenny Fagerstrandh, "The Seraph" - Vocals (2017 - 2020)

## Discography

* Rave the Reqviem (November 2014)
* The Gospel of Nil (October 2016)
* FVNERAL [sic] (October 2018)
* Stigmata Itch (December 2020)
* EX-EDEN (October 2023)
# Stornoway black pudding

Stornoway black pudding is a type of black pudding (Scottish Gaelic: marag-dhubh) made in the Western Isles of Scotland. Commercial recipes include beef suet, oatmeal, onion and animal blood, in sausage casings made from cellulose or intestines. Jeremy Lee described it as "arguably the best sausage made in the UK".

## Protected geographical indication

An application for protected geographical indication status came about after the food was threatened by "impostor puddings" labelled as Stornoway, but made outside of the Western Isles. The application was made in January 2009, and protected status was granted in May 2013.
The government's application on behalf of the sausagemakers' association explained:
   They are moist and firm in texture, with discernible, yet small, fat particulates. The Scottish oatmeal used in Stornoway Black Puddings is responsible for its good, rough texture. Stornoway Black Puddings may be cooked in, or out of the skin, they maintain their shape well throughout the cooking process. Once cooked, they appear almost black and break apart very easily when cut, yet do not significantly crumble. The meaty flavour is moist, rich, full, savoury, well seasoned—but not spicy—with a non-greasy, pleasant mouth-feel and clean after taste.
# Absolutely Canadian

Absolutely Canadian is a Canadian documentary television series. Formerly a weekday news series on CBC Newsworld, it currently airs as a weekly series on CBC Television.

## Newsworld

In its CBC Newsworld era, the program aired news reports on local and regional interest stories from the CBC's local news bureaux. Premiering in 1998, it was discontinued in 2009 when Newsworld was rebranded as CBC News Network and its daytime news programming was renamed CBC News Now.

## CBC Television

The series was relaunched in the summer of 2011 on CBC Television as a summer documentary series, with distinct regional editions produced in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Ottawa-Gatineau, Quebec, the Maritimes and Newfoundland and Labrador. Each six-episode regional series featured a mix of news and entertainment features, including documentary reports and live performances by local musicians. Beginning in January 2012, Absolutely Canadian aired nationally as a compilation of select segments from the regional programs.
With the 2018 season the regional episodes and national curated slate of shows were made available on CBC Gem.

## Awards

The feature documentary Lost Years: A People's Struggle for Justice, an epic touching upon 150 years of the Chinese Canadian community and international diaspora from Absolutely Canadian's Alberta edition, produced and directed by Kenda Gee and Tom Radford, picked up two nominations for Best Sound and Best Original Music in a Non-Fiction Program at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards in 2013.
At the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015, country singer Kira Isabella garnered an award nomination for Best Performance in a Variety or Sketch Comedy Program or Series for her appearance on Studio 14 Sessions, the musical performance segment of the Ottawa edition.
At the 4th Canadian Screen Awards, the series garnered nominations in the categories of Best Music Program or Series for John Mann Here and Now, an episode of the British Columbia edition of the series featuring the first live concert performance by musician John Mann after publicizing his diagnosis with early-onset Alzheimer's disease, and Best Documentary Program for Okpik's Dream, a documentary film which aired on the Quebec edition of the series.
# Barchan

A barchan or barkhan dune (from Kazakh бархан) is a crescent-shaped dune.
Russian naturalist Alexander von Middendorf introduced the term in 1881, working from the occurrence of barchans in Turkestan and in other inland desert regions. Barchans "face" the wind, appearing convex, and are produced by wind action predominantly from one direction. They are a very common landform in sandy deserts all over the world and are arc-shaped, markedly asymmetrical in cross section, with a gentle slope facing toward the wind sand ridge, comprising well-sorted sand.
This type of dune possesses two "horns" that face downwind, with the steeper slope known as the slip face, facing away from the wind, downwind, at the angle of repose of the sand in question, approximately 30–35 degrees for medium-fine dry sand. The upwind side is packed by the wind, and stands at about 15 degrees. Barchans may be 9–30 m (30–98 ft) high and 370 m (1,210 ft) wide at the base measured perpendicular to the wind.
Simple barchan dunes may appear as larger, compound barchan or megabarchan dunes, which can gradually migrate with the wind as a result of erosion on the windward side and deposition on the leeward side, at a rate of migration ranging from about one meter to 100 meters per year. Barchans usually occur as groups of isolated dunes and may form chains that extend across a plain in the direction of the prevailing wind. Barchans and mega-barchans may coalesce into ridges that extend for hundreds of kilometers. Dune collisions and changes in wind direction spawn new barchans from the horns of the old ones and govern the size distribution of a given field.
As barchan dunes migrate, smaller dunes outpace larger dunes, catching-up the rear of the larger dune and eventually appear to punch through the large dune to appear on the other side. The process appears superficially similar to waves of light, sound, or water that pass directly through each other, but the detailed mechanism is very different. The dunes emulate soliton behavior, but unlike solitons, which flow through a medium leaving it undisturbed (similar to waves passing through water), the sand particles themselves are moved. When the smaller dune catches up the larger dune, the winds begin to deposit sand on the rear dune while blowing sand off the front dune without replenishing it. Eventually, the rear dune has assumed dimensions similar to the former front dune which has now become a smaller, faster moving dune that pulls away with the wind.
Barchan dunes have been observed on Mars, where the thin atmosphere produces winds strong enough to move sand and dust. Marine barchan dunes appear underwater as sands shift their way across the seabed.
# O-1269

O-1269 is a drug that is a diarylpyrazole derivative, related to potent cannabinoid antagonist drugs such as rimonabant and surinabant. However O-1269 and several related drugs were unexpectedly found to act as full or partial agonists at the cannabinoid receptors rather than antagonists, and so produce the usual effects expected of cannabinoid agonists in animal tests, such as sedation and analgesic effects. The N-heptyl homolog O-1270 and the N-propyl homolog O-1399 also act as cannabinoid agonists with similar potency in vivo, despite weaker binding affinity at cannabinoid receptors compared to the pentyl homolog O-1269. Agonist-like and atypical cannabinoid activity has also been observed with a number of related compounds.
# Grethe Lovsø Nielsen

Grethe Lovsø Nielsen (10 March 1926 – 9 March 2017) was a Danish sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Guri Richter

Guri Agnes Richter (7 July 1917 – 21 August 1995) was a Danish film actress. She appeared in 13 films between 1940 and 1990.

## Filmography

* Farlig leg (1990)
* Erasmus Montanus (1973)
* Mig og min lillebror og Bølle (1969)
* Mig og min lillebror og storsmuglerne (1968)
* Mig og min lillebror (1967)
* I stykker (1966)
* Utro (1966)
* Paradis retur (1964)
* Den rige enke (1962)
* I gabestokken (1950)
* Regnen holdt op (1942)
* Gå med mig hjem (1941)
* Barnet (1940)
# Star of India

The Star of India may refer to:
* Star of India (gem), one of the largest star sapphires in the world
* The Star of India emblem, emblem of the British Raj, or Indian Empire
** Most Exalted Order of the Star of India (1861–1947), an order of chivalry associated with the Indian Empire
* Star of India (ship), a museum ship in San Diego, USA
* Star of India (film), a 1954 British film starring Cornel Wilde
* Star of India (car), Rolls-Royce Phantom II of Maharajah of Rajkot
* The Star (Pakistan), a defunct Karachi newspaper previously published as The Star of India in Calcutta
* Star of India, a fictional spaceship in the 1967 novel Lord of Light by Roger Zelazny
# Jean Hansen

Jean Hansen (6 March 1932 – 12 April 1987) was a Danish cyclist. He competed in the 4,000 metres team pursuit event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Shagan (Ural)

The Shagan (Kazakh: Шаған, romanized: Şağan; Russian: Шаган, IPA:) is a river in the West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan, and in Orenburg Oblast, Russia.
It is a tributary of the Ural. The river is 264 kilometres (164 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 7,530 square kilometres (2,910 sq mi).
Its name may be derived either from the Tatar word for 'maple', or from the Kalmyk word for 'white'. Among the Kazakhs, the river is also known as Aksu ('White Water').
# Annie Bidwell

Annie Kennedy Bidwell (June 30, 1839 – March 9, 1918) was a 19th-century pioneer and founder of society in the Sacramento Valley area of California. She is known for her contributions to social causes, such as women's suffrage, the temperance movement, donating parks for travelers to camp and sleep in and education. Annie Bidwell was a friend and correspondent of Susan B. Anthony, Frances Willard, and John Muir.

## Biography

Annie Ellicott Kennedy was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania, on June 30, 1839. she was the daughter of Joseph C. G. Kennedy, a politician in the Whig party, who served as director of the United States Census for 1850 and 1860. The Kennedy family lived in Washington, D.C., from Annie's 10th year.
She married John Bidwell on April 16, 1868, in Washington, D.C. Their wedding guests included Elizabeth Cady Stanton, President Andrew Johnson and future president Ulysses S. Grant. After their marriage, Annie returned with her new husband to his home in Chico, California.
While her husband was alive, Bidwell was concerned for the future of the local Mechoopda Native Americans. She was active in state and national Indian associations. An amateur botanist, she collected the first known specimen of a small annual plant, which was named Bidwell's knotweed (Polygonum bidwelliae), after her.
After her husband's death, Bidwell continued to live in Chico, the town her late husband had founded. Before her death, she donated to the city of Chico on July 10, 1905, some 2,238 acres (almost ten square miles) of land, along with a Children's Park in downtown. Since then the land has remained in the public trust and is now known as Bidwell Park.
She died on March 9, 1918, in Chico, California.

## Legacy

The Bidwell Mansion in Chico is now preserved as a state historic park. While Annie and John Bidwell resided in the mansion, they were hosts to many prominent figures of their era, including: President Rutherford B. Hayes, General William T. Sherman, Susan B. Anthony, Frances Willard, Governor Leland Stanford, John Muir, and Asa Gray.