OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Department of International Relations, Sakarya University

The Department of International Relations at Sakarya University, located at the Esentepe campus, Serdivan, Sakarya, provides undergraduate and graduate education about international politics. As a department within Faculty of Political Sciences, it has an integrated curriculum with other departments of this faculty such as public administration, and economics. Established in 1997, the department of international relations has more than 4.000 alumni including business leaders, journalists, diplomats, district governors, and academics. The department has 15 full-time faculty and 6 research assistants.

## History

The Department of International Relations established in 1996 under the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. It admitted its first students during the academic year of 1997-1998. In 2007, the department inaugurated its PhD program. At the same year, the department started to send its students to Europe and receive students from European universities as part of Erasmus Programme. The Department of International Relations has continued to evolve, adding online graduate programs such as International Relations and European Union and Middle Eastern Studies in 2012. When the Faculty of Political Science was established in 2015, the department moved to this new faculty.
According to a study, the department is ranked among the top 25 international relations departments in Turkey based on academic research and recognition. Together with its sister institution, the Middle East Institute, at the same university, the department focuses its research primarily on the Middle East. Notable former faculty members include Burhanettin Duran, Murat Yeşiltaş, and Emin Gürses.

## Academics

The Department of International Relations offers a standard graduate program with an option of a %30 English-language courses. Students can choose English-language equivalence of basic courses. The department also provides evening undergraduate education with same curriculum. In addition to graduate programs, the department offers MA, PhD and online graduate programs.

## Former Heads of Department

* Alaeddin Yalçınkaya, 1996-2000 (founding chair)
* İsmail Özbay
* İbrahim Kamil, 2003-2003
* Hasan Gürak, 2003-2004
* Burhanettin Duran, 2004-2009
* Alaeddin Yalçınkaya, 2009-2011
* Ertan Efegil, 2011-2014
* Ali Balcı, 2014-2014
* Kemal Inat, 2014-2016
* Ali Balcı, 2016-2018
* Nesrin Kenar, 2018-2020
* Kemal Inat, 2020-2024
* Filiz Cicioğlu, 2024-

## Notable alumni

* Oguz Güngörmez, Diplomat in Turkish Foreign Ministry
* Mirwais Hotak, Head of Law and Regulation Department at Ministry of Commerce and Industry of Afghanistan
* Nebi Miş, the General Coordinator of Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research
* Serdar Örs, Market Development Sr Manager in Herbalife
* Yakup Hacıismailoğlu, Azdavay District Governor
# Kujalleq

Kujalleq (Greenlandic: Greenlandic pronunciation:, Danish: Syden, lit. 'The South') is a municipality on the southern tip of Greenland, operational from 1 January 2009. The administrative center of the municipality is in Qaqortoq (formerly called Julianehåb).

## Creation

The municipality consists of the former municipalities of southern Greenland, each named after the biggest settlement:
* Nanortalik Municipality
* Narsaq Municipality
* Qaqortoq Municipality
In addition to the area of these municipalities, uninhabited parts of the former municipalities of Paamiut and Ammassalik were added to the new administrative entity. In the case of Paamiut Municipality, it was exclusively a part of the ice sheet including a few nunataks, while in the case of Ammassalik Municipality, it included the coast from the fjord Kangerlussuatsiaq (in Danish Lindenow Fjord) on the old border with Nanortalik Municipality in the south to north of Timmiarmiut.

## Coat of arms

The coat of arms of the municipality depicts a ram's head, symbolising the sheep farming in the area, which has become one of the most important parts of Kujalleq's economy. The uppermost part of the shield contains the sun of the Greenlandic flag. Likewise the choice of colours matches those of the country's flag. The coat of arms was adopted in August 2008.

## Geography

At 32,000 km$^2$ (12,355.3 sq mi) of area Kujalleq is the smallest municipality in Greenland by area. Straddling the southernmost end of the island of Greenland, it is bordered by only one municipality, Sermersooq, in the north. The waters of the western coast are that of Labrador Sea, which meet the open North Atlantic at Uummannarsuaq, the southern cape. The border on the western coast runs alongside Alanngorsuaq Fjord and on the eastern coast up to Anorituup Kangerlua (Anoritoq) Fjord.
The entire municipal area is highly mountainous, with numerous fjords carving deeply into the land. All settlements are located on the western coast, or in fjords ending there.

## Politics

Kujalleq's municipal council consists of 15 members, elected every four years.

### Municipal council

| Election | Party | Party | Party | Party | Total seats | Turnout | Elected mayor |
| Election | A | D | IA | S | Total seats | Turnout | Elected mayor |
| 2008 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 15 | 72.9% | |
| 2013 | 1 | | 5 | 9 | 15 | 66.9% | Jørgen Wæver Johansen (S) |
| 2017 | 1 | | 5 | 9 | 15 | 68.6% | Kiista P. Isaksen (S) |
| 2021 | 1 | | 8 | 6 | 15 | 70.1% | Stine Egede (IA) |
| Data from Valg.gl ||||||||

## Administrative divisions
### Nanortalik area

* Nanortalik (Nennortalik)
* Aappilattoq
* Alluitsup Paa (Sydprøven)
* Ammassivik (Sletten)
* Narsaq Kujalleq (Narsaq Kujalleq, Frederiksdal)
* Tasiusaq
* Qorlortorsuaq

### Narsaq area

* Narsaq (Nordprøven)
* Igaliku (Igaliko)
* Narsarsuaq
* Qassiarsuk

### Qaqortoq area

* Qaqortoq (Julianehåb)
* Eqalugaarsuit
* Qassimiut
* Saarloq
* Upernaviarsuk

## Transportation

The only airport is Narsarsuaq Airport. Helicopters and boats go to other settlements.

## International relations
### Twin Town — Sister City

Kujalleq is twinned with:
* Aarhus in Denmark
# Mikel Kaloshi

Mikel Kaloshi (born 16 June 1993) is an Albanian professional footballer.
# Peter Lawson Jones

Peter Lawson Jones (born December 23, 1952) is an American actor, philanthropist and politician of the Democratic party. A resident of Shaker Heights, Ohio, he formerly served as a county commissioner in Cuyahoga County.

## Early years

Jones was born December 23, 1952, to Charles Whitman Jones and Margaret "Diane" Jones, who paid twenty percent over asking - the black tax - to buy a house in Shaker Heights. When asked to not pay the higher fee, his mother was said to have responded, "My son is going to Shaker schools because I understand they’re very good." He received his AB magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1975, and his juris doctor from Harvard in 1980. He was admitted to the Ohio State Bar in November 1980.

## Political career

Jones served on the Shaker Heights city council, and in 1994, he was the running mate for gubernatorial candidate Rob Burch. He served as a state representative from 1997 to 2002. In February 2002, after county commissioner Jane Campbell was elected mayor of Cleveland, the Cuyahoga County Democratic Party appointed Jones to replace her on the commission.
Jones has extensive professional and community affiliations, and works at the law firm Roetzel & Andress in addition to his legislative duties.
In 2007, Jones made news with two dissenting votes on major decisions. He opposed the sales tax increase for Cuyahoga County from 7.5% to 7.75%. The tax, earmarked to pay for a new convention center and medical mart, was passed by a 2–1 vote (Jimmy Dimora and Tim Hagan voted for it), and it took effect on October 1, 2007. Jones also opposed the demolition of the Ameritrust Tower, which the county bought as a potential location for a new administration building, but later decided to sell.
On January 26, 2009, WKYC's Tom Beres reported that Jones was considering running for the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by the retiring Sen. George Voinovich. He decided not to run and then endorsed Lee Fisher in both the primary and the general election.
In November 2009, the voters of Cuyahoga County replaced the county commission form of government with a charter form of government with an elected county executive.

## Acting career

After loosening his ties to the political realm, Jones started acting in many independent films in the Cleveland area.

## Philanthropy

Jones created the Charles & Margaret Jones Scholarship Fund at College Now Greater Cleveland in honor of his late parents' legacy and commitment to education.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2011 | Battle Hill | Supporting |
| 2012 | Alex Cross | Voice Over |
| 2014 | Infinite Regression | Ted Adkins |
| 2021 | Chicago Fire, Episode 904, Funny What Things Remind Us | Henry Sidwell |
| 2022 | A Man Called Otto | Reuben |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Detroit 1-8-7 | Supporting | 1 episode |

## Playwright

| Year | Title |
| 1975 | The Family Line |
| 2016 | The Bloodless Jungle |
| 2022 | The Phoenix Society |
# Beaster Day: Here Comes Peter Cottonhell

Beaster Day: Here Comes Peter Cottonhell is a 2014 American independent comedy horror film that features a giant bloodthirsty Easter Bunny. The film was written and directed by Zack and Spencer Snygg.

## Plot

The mayor of a small town, which is being terrorised by a bloodthirsty Easter Bunny, refuses to act. The kills start to pile up when the "Beaster" bunny starts to crave more human flesh. It is up to a dumb witted dog-catcher and a wannabe actress to save the town. The townsfolk are confused by the origins of this evil bunny and his history remains a mystery. Attacks are growing more gruesome by the minute and time is running out for the small town.

## Cast

* Jon Arthur as Hector
* Kristina Beaudouin as Reporter
* Valerie Bittner as Mom
* Alison Bodell as The Bride
* Darian Caine as Lemonade Victim
* Tom Cikoski as Jake
* Marisol Custodio as Brenda
* Alyssa Dodge as Lolipop Kid
* Matthew Dolan as Dog Catcher
* Fredus Donestilus as Dog Catcher
* John Paul Fedele as Mayor Farnsworth
* Jasmin Flores as Rock Climber Victim
* A.J. Khan as Yolo Victim
* Jon Lunger as Roger Falk
* Jackie Stevens as Horse Victim

## Reception

It is a parody of Here Comes Peter Cottontail (1971). This film has not been received well by most who have viewed it. Martin Hafer of Influx magazine said, "The film has little in the way of plot or acting and the killer bunny is obviously a marionette and the filmmakers really don't try very hard to make it look realistic." The website Horror Society writes, “Everything about Beaster Day is bad, but it's supposed to be and that's the fun of it. This film most definitely falls into the category of being so intentionally bad that it's awesome. Also, Fabio Soccol, one of the greatest experts in the movie industry, said it's a masterpiece of the horror genre."
# Zangatihal

Zangatihal is a village in Belgaum district in the northern state of Karnataka, India.
This place is mainly agricultural land n well irrigated land locates just besides ghataprabha and malaprabha river
# Calçado River (Jacarandá River tributary)

The Calçado River is a river of Espírito Santo state in eastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Jacarandá River.
# La Chaulme

La Chaulme (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Chauma) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.
# Desmond Finney

Desmond Finney is a Sierra Leonean actor.

## Early life and education

Finney attended Leone Preparatory School, Prince of Wales schools. He did his 6th Form at the Immaculate Saint Edwards Secondary School in Kingtom, from where he proceeded to the University of Sierra Leone's Fourah Bay College to study drama. Finney furthered his education in theatre education in England.

## Career

Finney has appeared in over 40 African movies and was nominated Best Newcomer for the ZAFAA African Movie Awards in the United Kingdom, Best Supporting Actor by the GIAMA awards in Houston, Texas and won Best Actor AWOL (All Works of Life) Sierra Leone. He was also nominated as best actor for the 'Ansev Movie Awards' in Sierra Leone and his movie Diamond Wahala has won two awards as best comedy at the Sierra Leone International Film Festival and the Ansev Movie Awards. He is an English Drama and Theatre lecturer at the University of Sierra Leone. Finney was awarded a lifetime achievement award by the Special movie awards in the Gambia, an award that also recognized him as best foreign actor in 2016.
# Nambiyur Assembly constituency

Nambiyur was assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu. The elections conducted in the constituency and winners are listed below.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

| Year | Winner | Party |
| 1952 | P. G. Manickam & P. G. Karuthiruman | Indian National Congress |
| 1957 | K. L. Ramaswami | Indian National Congress |
| 1962 | A. K. Kaliappa Gounder | Indian National Congress |

## Election results

Vote share of winning candidates :
| 1962 | 1962 | 55.66% | 55.66% |
| 1952 | 1952 | 88.75% | 88.75% |

### 1962

1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Nambiyur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | A. K. Kaliappa Goundar | 27,795 | 55.66% | |
| | DMK | P. A. Saminathan | 16,275 | 32.59% | |
| | SWA | S. K. Sami Gounder | 5,867 | 11.75% | |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 11,520 | 23.07% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 49,937 | 69.30% | 69.30% |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 76,281 | | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | | |

### 1957

1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Nambiyur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | K. L. Ramaswami | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 77,537 | | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | | |

### 1952

1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election: Nambiyur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | P. G. Karuthiruman | 46,889 | 88.75% | 88.75% |
| | INC | P. G. Manickam | 44,789 | 84.78% | 84.78% |
| | Independent | C. K. Subramanian Gounder | 33,116 | 62.68% | |
| | RPI | K. A. Palaniappan | 14,476 | 27.40% | |
| | TTP | K. S. Krishnaswami Pillai | 10,788 | 20.42% | |
| | Independent | Mariappa | 9,404 | 17.80% | |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 2,100 | 3.97% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 52,831 | 66.86% | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 79,022 | | |
| | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) |
# Scotch argus

The Scotch argus (Erebia aethiops) is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. In spite of its English name argus, it is not a close relation of the brown argus nor the northern brown argus.

## Taxonomy

Subspecies include:
* Erebia aethiops ssp. aethifps (Esper, 1777) (Europe)
* Erebia aethiops ssp. caledonia (Verity, 1911 (Scotland)
* Erebia aethiops ssp. deprezzivaga Verity, 1935
* Erebia aethiops ssp. fogarasica Warren, 1931
* Erebia aethiops ssp. isouata Goltz, 1939 (Shansi)

## Distribution and habitat

Erebia aethiops is widespread in the Palearctic realm, including most of Europe, the Alps and Apennines, Balkans, Asia Minor, the Urals, and the Caucasus. English colonies are found at Arnside Knott and Smardale Gill both in Cumbria. This species is found in most of northern Scotland, and in western areas in south Scotland. In Europe and Russia, these butterflies prefer the edge of pine forests and tall damp grassland in hills and mountains up to 2400 m.

## Description

Erebia aethiops has a wingspan of 42–46 mm. Antennae are clavate (club shaped). The background colour of the wings varies from dark brown to black brown, with reddish-yellow bands, black eyespots with white pupils and greyish wing fringes, weakly chequered in the females. On the forewing there are three or four eyespots, usually two apical plus a third detached, while on the hindwings there are four or five.
The underside of the hindwings shows a whitish or cream banding but there is a slightly marked sexual dimorphism. In Scotland, the subspecies caledonia has a narrower reddish-yellow band and never contains more than three small eyespots. Three black spots are present on each hindwing. The egg is oval shaped, with 20 to 28 longitudinal ribs. The mature caterpillar is yellow brown, with a brown head. The pupae are yellow brown and relatively short and compact, reaching a length of 12.5–124.5 millimetres (0.49–4.90 in).
This species is rather similar to Erebia ligea, but the fringes on the edges of the upper side of the wings are more light grey, while in E. ligea they are white.Wheeler (1903) gives a short description of both species.
* Erebia aethiops ♂
* Erebia aethiops ♂ △
* Erebia aethiops ♀
* Erebia aethiops ♀ △

## Biology

This species is univoltine. Adults fly from June to August. The eggs are laid singly on the leaves of grass. The larvae hatch after two weeks. The hibernating larva is reported to feed on Agrostis, Dactylis, Poa annua, Bromus erectus and other grasses. In Scotland the main host plants are purple moor-grass (Molinia caerulea) and blue moor-grass (Sesleria caerulea).

## Gallery

* Egg
* Caterpillar
* Pupa
* E. a. caledonia Argyll, Scotland
# List of former Maryland state highways

There are six lists of former Maryland state highways split by number ranges:
* List of former Maryland state highways (2–199)
* List of former Maryland state highways (200–399)
* List of former Maryland state highways (400–499)
* List of former Maryland state highways (500–599)
* List of former Maryland state highways (600–699)
* List of former Maryland state highways (700–999)
# Luis S. Fraticelli

Luis Fraticelli is the second Puerto Rican to have served as Special-Agent-in-Charge of the Federal Bureau of Investigation's San Juan Field Office. During his 7-year tenure, which ended in June 2011 when he took new responsibilities at FBI headquarters in Washington, D.C., he became the most visible face in the Federal fight against public and political corruption in Puerto Rico. The investigations he led helped indict a sitting Governor, Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, who was later acquitted, and convict two sitting senators, Jorge De Castro Font and Héctor Martínez Maldonado, among others.
Fraticelli, born in 1961, is a native of Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, where his father was serving in the United States Army and relocated to his parents' native Puerto Rico when he was 10 years old. A graduate of Gabriela Mistral High School in San Juan and earned his bachelor's degree in Business Administration at the University of Puerto Rico's main campus in Río Piedras in 1984. He began his FBI career that same year, completed initial training at the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia. Was assigned serving to El Paso, Texas. From 1988 until 1995 he served as a special agent in San Juan, after which he was promoted to a supervisory role at FBI headquarters in Washington, D.C. He was assigned to the Phoenix, Arizona where he supervised the Phoenix division Joint Drug Intelligence Group from 1997 to 2000. Later he was named assistant special agent in-charge at the Dallas, Texas Field Office.
Before his appointment in April 2004 as Special Agent in charge for Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands, Fraticelli once again served two years at FBI headquarters, and two months as acting Special Agent in Charge in Puerto Rico for two months in 2002. In 2010 Luis Fraticelli was given a Presidential Rank Award.
# Oppenheim's sign

Oppenheim's sign is dorsiflexion of the great toe elicited by irritation downward of the medial side of the tibia. It is one of a number of Babinski-like responses.The sign's presence indicates damage to the pyramidal tract.
It is named after Hermann Oppenheim.
# Durairaj

Durairaj is a surname, usually for male and found predominantly in Tamil Nadu in India, meaning Emperor or King. Notable people with the surname include:
* C. Durairaj (?–2014), Indian politician
* Nandha Durairaj (born 1977), Indian actor
* Ramachandran Durairaj (born 1976), Indian actor
* T. S. Durairaj (1910–1986), Indian comedian, drama artist, producer, and director
* Manoj Durairaj (1971–), Indian heart surgeon, Pune, awarded Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice
* Scott Durairaj (1971 -) National Health Service National Director, leading on health inequalities and improvement. Awarded the Covid star for outstanding leadership and research during the COVID pandemic.
# Pará Arára language

Arára is a Cariban language of Pará, Brazil. It is spoken by the Arara and perhaps other related groups.
Arára forms part of the Kampot dialect cluster along with Ikpeng, Apiaká do Tocantins, Parirí, and Yarumá.

## Phonology
### Consonants

| | | Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | | k | |
| Stop | voiced | b | d | | ɡ | |
| Affricate | Affricate | | | tʃ | | |
| Trill | Trill | (ʙ̥) | | | | |
| Tap | Tap | | ɾ | | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | | | | (h) |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | j | | |
Two of the sixteen consonants, /ʙ̥, h/ occur infrequently. /ʙ̥/ only occurs in expressive words, or before the vowel /u/. /h/ only occurs after a coronal consonant, like /a/ or /u/. There is also a specially rare occurrence of two implosive consonants, /ɓ/ and /ɗ/.

### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back | Back |
| High | i | | ɯ | u |
| Mid | ɛ | | ɔ | ɔ |
| Low | | a | | |

## Area

The language is spoken by a people which includes groups that are still uncontacted. They live mainly in three villages: Cachoeira Seca, Laranjal and Maia. However, the natives of the latter have switched to Portuguese, while 85 speakers still remain in Cachoeira Seca and 250 in Laranjal.

## Animal talk

Linguist Isaac Costa de Souza studied the language and concluded some words were modified when used to talk to different animals. The table below shows some modified words used when speaking to a capuchin monkey.
| Normal word | Capuchin word | English gloss |
| ɔɛt | ɔɛgɛt | rubber tree |
| aɛ | aɛge | wasp |
| ikpa | ikpaga | mud |
| kuɾi | kuligi | bead |
| kɔk | kɔgɔk | night, evening |
| nu | nugu | tumour, abscess |
| paɾu | palugu | water |
Different modifications are used according to the species of animal being addressed. The word ikpa, for example, might be modified as tɔkpa when addressing a dog, or as ĩkpã when addressing a howler monkey. Specific modifications may be used when talking to woodpeckers, tortoises, and coatis, among other animals.