# Keiyō Line

The Keiyō Line (京葉線, Keiyō-sen) is a railway line connecting Tokyo and Chiba in Japan, paralleling the edge of Tokyo Bay. It is operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The line forms part of what JR East refers to as the "Tokyo Mega Loop" (東京メガループ) around Tokyo, consisting of the Keiyō Line, Musashino Line, Nambu Line, and Yokohama Line. It provides the main rail access to Tokyo Disney Resort and the Makuhari Messe exhibition center.
The terminus at Tokyo Station is located underground, some distance to the south of the main station complex approximately halfway to Yūrakuchō Station. This means transferring between other lines at Tokyo Station can take between 15 and 20 minutes.
The name "Keiyō" is derived from the second character of the names of the locations linked by the line, Tokyo (東京) and Chiba (千葉). It should not be confused with the Keiō Line, a privately operated commuter line in western Tokyo.

## Services

* Keiyō Line "Local" (各駅停車 kakueki-teisha)trains stop at all stations between Tokyo and Soga except Nishi-Funabashi.
* Musashino Line ''Local'' through trains stop at all stations between Tokyo and Nishi-Funabashi before continuing to the Musashino Line. Some trains originate at Kaihimmakuhari, stopping at Makuhari-Toyosuna, Shin-Narashino, Minami-Funabashi, and Nishi-Funabashi before continuing onto the Musashino Line.
* Keiyō Line "Rapid" (快速 kaisoku) trains stop at Tokyo, Hatchōbori, Shin-Kiba, Maihama, Shin-Urayasu, Minami-Funabashi, Kaihimmakuhari, and all stops to Soga.

### Former service

* Commuter rapid service (通勤快速, tsūkin-kaisoku) trains stopped at Tokyo, Hatchōbori, Shin-Kiba, and Soga, with many operating through to the Sotobo line and Togane line, terminating at Naruto, Katsuura, or Kazusa-Ichinomiya. Commuter rapid trains traveled into Tokyo during the morning rush hour, and away from Tokyo during the evening rush hour. The commuter rapid service was discontinued with effect from the timetable revision implemented on 16 March 2024.

## 2024 timetable revision

With the JR East timetable revision on 16 March 2024, the Keiyo line now has reduced rapid services across the day, and abolished the commuter rapid services during rush hours. Specifically, rapid trains no longer operate in the morning and evening rush hours, with only 2 rapid services originating in Soga remaining. During these times of the day, only local all-stop trains operate. Subsequently, the Wakashio and Sazanami limited express services are the only express services from the Uchibo and Sotobo lines during rush hours.
The government of Chiba condemned the timetable revision, stating that it has caused inconvenience for commuters to and from central Tokyo who travel long distances from Chiba, as local trains take up to 15 minutes longer than rapid services across the entirety of the line. Furthermore, this places some areas of Chiba Prefecture out of the 1-hour commute zone from Central Tokyo, reducing land value, and causing further reason for a decease in population. Some have theorised that this is a strategy by the Tokyo government to centralise the population around the city's core, discouraging long distance commutes.

## Station list

* All trains (except limited express services) stop at stations marked "●" and pass those marked "｜". Trains do not travel past those stations marked "∥".
* For the Wakashio and Sazanami limited express services, see their respective articles.
| No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Distance (km) | Keiyō Line | Keiyō Line | Musashino Line (thru) | Musashino Line (thru) | Transfers | Location | Location |
| No. | Station | Japanese | Between stations | Total | Local | Rapid | Musashino-Chiba | Musashino-Tokyo | Transfers | Location | Location |
| TYOJE01 | Tokyo | 東京 | - | 0.0 | ● | ● | | ● | Tohoku Shinkansen Hokkaido Shinkansen Yamagata Shinkansen Akita Shinkansen Joetsu Shinkansen Hokuriku Shinkansen JY Yamanote Line (JY01, Yūrakuchō: JY30) JK Keihin-Tōhoku Line (JK26, Yūrakuchō: JK25) JC Chūō Line (JC01) JT Tōkaidō Main Line (JT01) JU Ueno–Tokyo Line (JU01) JO Sōbu Line (Rapid) (JO19) JO Yokosuka Line (JO19) Tokaido Shinkansen M Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line (M-17) C Tokyo Metro Chiyoda Line (Nijubashimae: C-10) I Toei Mita Line (Hibiya: I-08) | Chiyoda | Tokyo |
| JE02 | Hatchōbori | 八丁堀 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ● | ● | | ● | H Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line (H-12) | Chūō | Tokyo |
| JE03 | Etchūjima | 越中島 | 1.6 | 2.8 | ● | ｜ | | ● | | Kōtō | Tokyo |
| JE04 | Shiomi | 潮見 | 2.6 | 5.4 | ● | ｜ | | ● | | Kōtō | Tokyo |
| JE05 | Shin-Kiba | 新木場 | 2.0 | 7.4 | ● | ● | | ● | R Rinkai Line (R 01) Y Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line (Y-24) | Kōtō | Tokyo |
| JE06 | Kasai-Rinkai Park | 葛西臨海公園 | 3.2 | 10.6 | ● | ｜ | | ● | | Edogawa | Tokyo |
| JE07 | Maihama | 舞浜 | 2.1 | 12.7 | ● | ● | | ● | Disney Resort Line (Resort Gateway) | Urayasu | Chiba |
| JE08 | Shin-Urayasu | 新浦安 | 3.4 | 16.1 | ● | ● | | ● | | Urayasu | Chiba |
| JE09 | Ichikawashiohama | 市川塩浜 | 2.1 | 18.2 | ● | ｜ | | ● | | Ichikawa | Chiba |
| JM10 | Nishi-Funabashi | 西船橋 | 5.9 | 24.1 | ∥ | ∥ | ● | ● | JM Musashino Line (through service) JB Chūō-Sōbu Line (JB30) T Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line (T-23) TR Tōyō Rapid Railway Line (TR01) | Funabashi | Chiba |
| JE10 | Futamatashimmachi | 二俣新町 | 4.4 | 22.6 | ● | ｜ | ∥ | | Distance is from Ichikawashiohama | Ichikawa | Chiba |
| JE11 | Minami-Funabashi | 南船橋 | 3.4 | 26.0 | ● | ● | ● | | Distance between Nishi-Funabashi and Minami-Funabashi is 5.4 km | Funabashi | Chiba |
| JE12 | Shin-Narashino | 新習志野 | 2.3 | 28.3 | ● | ｜ | ● | | | Narashino | Chiba |
| JE13 | Makuharitoyosuna | 幕張豊砂 | 1.7 | 30.0 | ● | ｜ | ● | | New station which opened on 18 March 2023. | Mihama-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
| JE14 | Kaihimmakuhari | 海浜幕張 | 1.7 | 31.7 | ● | ● | ● | | | Mihama-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
| JE15 | Kemigawahama | 検見川浜 | 2.0 | 33.7 | ● | ● | | | | Mihama-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
| JE16 | Inagekaigan | 稲毛海岸 | 1.6 | 35.3 | ● | ● | | | | Mihama-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
| JE17 | Chibaminato | 千葉みなと | 3.7 | 39.0 | ● | ● | | | Chiba Urban Monorail: Line 1 | Chūō-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
| — | Soga | 蘇我 | 4.0 | 43.0 | ● | ● | | | ■ Uchibō Line ■ Sotobō Line (some through services to each) | Chūō-ku, Chiba | Chiba |
* ↑ Keiyō trains between Tokyo and Soga do not pass through Nishi-Funabashi.
* ↑ Musashino Line trains do not pass through Futamatashimmachi.
* ↑ Some local and rapid trains run through to the Uchibō Line (mainly to Kimitsu or Kazusa-Minato) or the Sotobō Line (mainly Kazusa-Ichinomiya, Katsuura, and via the Tōgane Line to Narutō).

## Rolling stock

All Keiyō Line and Musashino Line rolling stock is based at the Keiyō Rolling Stock Center near Shin-Narashino Station.

### Keiyō Line

* 209-500 series single 10-car EMU train set (magenta stripe) (since October 2008)
* E233-5000 series 10-car EMUs (magenta stripe) (since 1 July 2010)

### Musashino Line through services

* 209-500 series 8-car EMUs (orange/brown stripe) (since 4 December 2010)
* E231-0 series 8-car EMUs (orange/brown stripe) (since November 2017)
* E231-900 series 8-car EMU (orange/brown stripe) (since 20 July 2020)
* A Keiyo Line 209-500 series 10-car EMU
* A Keiyo Line E233-5000 series 10-car EMU
* A Musashino Line 209-500 series 8-car EMU
* A Musashino Line E231-0 series 8-car EMU
* A Musashino Line E231-900 series 8-car EMU

## Former rolling stock
### Keiyō Line

* 103 series 4/6/10-car EMUs (sky blue livery) (from 1986 until November 2005)
* 165 series 3-car EMU (x1) Shuttle Maihama (from 1990 until 1995)
* 201 series 10-car EMUs (sky blue livery) (from August 2000 until 20 June 2011)
* 205-0 series 10-car EMUs (magenta stripe) (from March 1990 until 2011)
* E331 series 14-car EMU (x1) (magenta stripe) (from March 2007 until 2011)

### Musashino Line through services

Inter-running from the Musashino Line to the Keiyō Line commenced on 1 December 1988.
* 103 series 6-car (later 8-car) EMUs (orange livery) (from 1 December 1988 - 8 December 2005)
* 201 series 6-car EMUs (orange livery) (from 1 December 1988 - November 1996)
* 205-0 series 8-car EMUs (orange/brown stripe) (from December 1991 - October 2019)
* 205-5000 series 8-car EMUs (orange/brown stripe) (from 2002 - 19 October 2020)
* A Keiyo Line 103 series EMU
* A 165 series Shuttle Maihama EMU set, March 1990
* A Keiyo Line 201 series EMU, July 2010
* A Keiyo Line 205-0 series EMU, April 2004
* A Keiyo Line 205-0 series EMU, January 2009
* A Keiyo Line E331 series EMU, July 2006
* A Musashino Line 103 series EMU, August 2001
* A Musashino Line 205-0 series EMU, December 2016
* A Musashino Line 205-5000 series EMU, March 2019

### Timeline
## History

The Keiyo Line was initially planned as a freight-only line. Its first section opened on 10 May 1975 as a 6.5 km (4.0 mi) link between the Chiba Freight Terminal (now the Mihama New Port Resort between Inagekaigan and Chibaminato Stations) and the freight yard next to Soga Station. Passenger service began on 3 March 1986 between Minami-Funabashi and Chibaminato, and was extended east to Soga and west to Shin-Kiba on 1 December 1988.
Planners originally envisioned the Keiyo freight line to go to Tokyo Freight Terminal, with connections to Tokaido Main Line, thus completing the outer loop for freight trains around Tokyo formed by the Musashino Line. Rinkai Line reused the partially completed tunnel from Shin-Kiba to Tokyo Freight Terminal, with portion of tracks within the latter serving as a depot. The disused tracks between Tokyo Freight Terminal and Tokaido Line is now planned to be used for the Haneda Access Line.
The final section of the Keiyo Line between Tokyo and Shin-Kiba opened on 10 March 1990. The platforms at Tokyo Station were originally built to accommodate the Narita Shinkansen, a planned (but never built) high-speed rail line between central Tokyo and Narita International Airport.
However, in the 1990s, as the artificial island of Odaiba began developing as a commercial and tourist area in the middle of the Rinkai Line route, the Rinkai Line was re-purposed for use as a passenger line. While there is a through connection between the Rinkai Line and the Keiyo Line, it is only used by passenger trains in charter service, usually carrying groups to the Tokyo Disney Resort.

### Timeline

* 3 March 1986: First stage opened between Minami-Funabashi and Chibaminato.
* 1 December 1988: Second stage opened between Shin-Kiba and Minami-Funabashi, and between Ichikawashiohama and Nishi-Funabashi.
* 10 March 1990: Third stage opened between Tokyo & Shin-Kiba; and the new Keiyo Line train, the 205 series, was also introduced to the public.
* 16 March 1991: Sazanami and Wakashio limited express services are rerouted via the Keiyo Line.
* 2 July 1993: 255 series EMUs are introduced on View Sazanami and View Wakashio limited express services.
* 16 October 2004: E257-500 series EMUs are introduced on Sazanami and Wakashio limited express services.
* 20 August 2016: Station numbering introduced with Keiyo Line stations being assigned station numbers between JE01 (Tokyo) and JE16 (Chibaminato).
* 18 March 2023: Opening of Makuharitoyosuna Station between Kaihimmakuhari and Shin-Narashino, station numbers from Kaihimmakuhari to Chibaminato bumped up by one.

### Future plans

Effective from the timetable revision scheduled for 16 March 2024, all rapid and commuter rapid services on the Keiyō Line are set to be discontinued during both the morning and evening rush hour, leaving local service as the only service variation during these time periods. However, following requests from local and prefectural governments, two westbound rapid services to Tokyo Station in the morning rush were reinstated by JR East for the upcoming schedule revision. There is also a concept of introducing 12-car trains with Green Car capacities, much like the current status of the Chuo Line running from Tokyo to Takao, although it is viewed as unlikely due to the cost of platform expansion.