OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Beacon Global Strategies

Beacon Global Strategies LLC (BGS) is a Washington, DC–based strategic advisory firm founded by Jeremy Bash, Philippe Reines, and Andrew Shapiro in 2013. Philippe Reines left the firm as of September 2017. According to the firm's website, Beacon Global Strategies specializes in matters of international policy, foreign affairs, national defense, cyber, intelligence, and homeland security.

## About BGS

A September 2013 article in Defense News, describes Beacon Global Strategies as unique for a Washington consulting firm because of its partners' intent to eventually return to government. The article noted that "Part of the confidence in future public service may stem from a combination of significant titles and relative youth, paired with the fact that most of the founders of the firm have ties to former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who may be a presidential favorite heading into the 2016 election if she decides to run."
A September 2013 profile of Beacon Global Strategies in The Washington Post highlighted the firm's bipartisan make up: "'We want to build bipartisan support for solutions to complex national security problems,' Bash said, noting that cooperation between Democrats and Republicans on these issues 'has been lacking in recent years.'"

## BGS leadership

Beacon's Managing Directors served in a variety of government positions prior to founding or joining the firm.
Michael Allen served as Majority Staff Director of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), under Chairman Mike Rogers (R-MI) from 2011 to 2013. He previously served in the George W. Bush White House. Allen is the author of "Blinking Red: Crisis and Compromise in American Intelligence after 9/11" (Potomac Books Inc. September 2013).
Jeremy Bash was the only Obama Administration official to have served as Chief of Staff in two national security departments or agencies: first as Chief of Staff to the Director of the CIA (2009–2011) and most recently as Chief of Staff to the Secretary of Defense (2011–2013).
Andrew Shapiro is the former and longest serving Senate confirmed United States Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs (2009–2013). During the presidential transition of Barack Obama, Shapiro was a member of the Obama-Biden Department of Defense Agency Review Team, and during the 2008 presidential election, a member of Hillary Clinton's campaign, advising on foreign affairs.
Ivan Kanapathy, senior defense official for Asia during the Trump and Biden administrations, serves as BGS Vice President (as of November 2023).
# Julien Poirier

Julien Poirier (born October 28, 1970) is an American poet born in the San Francisco Bay Area. He is the author of several poetry collections, and the editor of an anthology of writing and a book of travel journals.

## Biography

Julien Poirier was born in 1970 and grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. Poirier received his education at Columbia University in New York City. He is also a founding member of Ugly Duckling Presse Collective. He has taught poetry in New York City and San Francisco public schools and at San Quentin State Prison.

## Publications

Poirier has published numerous poetry collections, including El Golpe Chileño (Ugly Duckling, 2010), Stained Glass Windows of California (Ugly Duckling, 2012), Way Too West (Bootstrap, 2015) and Out of Print (City Lights).
In 2005, he published an experimental newspaper novel, Living! Go and Dream (Ugly Duckling). A poetry album Higher in Canada appeared on SoundCloud in 2016.
Poirier is a founding member of the Brooklyn-based non-profit Ugly Duckling Presse Collective. He was also editor of the newspaper New York Nights from 2001 to 2006. He is the editor of an anthology of writing by Jack Micheline, One of a Kind (Ugly Duckling, 2008), and a book of travel journals by Bill Berkson, Invisible Oligarchs (Ugly Duckling, 2016). With Garrett Caples he co-edited Frank Lima's Incidents of Travel in Poetry: New and Selected Poems. (City Lights, 2015).
# Chak Sarai

Chak Sarai (Punjabi: ਚੱਕ ਸਰਾਏ) is a village in Ludhiana district of the Indian state of Punjab. The people speak the Punjabi language. It is 3 km from the Delhi–Amritsar highway and 77 km from the state capital. Doraha is the nearest city, with two international restaurants, McDonald's and Subway, alongside Cafe Coffee Day.
Most of the families are from an agricultural background. Multinational company Coca-Cola is located near the village including some other factories like Ganga textile, Arisudana textiles and DFL-Unbrako. There are many villagers who migrate to foreign countries. Most of them go to Canada or to America, Australia and Europe.
The population of the village is 1544, with a 70% literacy rate. Present sarpanch is Mr. Sukhdev Singh Bittu and Ex panch Sr. Darshan Singh Deol. Most of the people belong to Deol Jatt Sikh. The village contains two gurudwaras, one mosque and one temple. There is a large grain market and rice mill located in the village.
# Federal Service for Defence Contracts

Federal Service for Defence Contracts of the Russian Federation (Russian: Федеральная служба по оборонному заказу, short name Rosoboronzakaz) was a government agency operating under the Russian Ministry of Defence.
It controlled and supervised Russian central and regional executive authorities and officials when they acted in the area of contracting services for the needs of the Ministry.
It was formed on March 11, 2003. On September 8, 2014, president Vladimir Putin and prime minister Dmitry Medvedev agreed to dissolve it. Rosoboronzakaz's functions were transferred to the Federal Antimonopoly Service; licensing for other defense contract services was transferred to the Ministry of Industry and Trade.
# C. Allen Foster

C. Allen Foster is a lawyer based in Washington, D.C.

## Education

Allen Foster graduated summa cum laude from Princeton University in 1963. He was a Fulbright scholar at Oxford University (Brasenose College), receiving a First Class Honors Degree (B.A.) in Jurisprudence in 1965 and an M.A. in 1971. He received his J.D. degree magna cum laude from Harvard Law School in 1967.

## Professional

Allen Foster is the principal author of construction law treatise, Construction and Design Law, and was a senior lecturer at Duke Law School for ten years, teaching trial practice, construction law and commercial arbitration. Foster was a founding partner of the former Greensboro law firm Foster Conner Robson & Gumbiner, known for specializing in litigating disputes involving construction projects. In 1998 the small Greensboro law firm was acquired by then Patton Boggs and Blow a Washington, D.C.–based full-service law firm best known for its lobbying prowess. Foster became a partner with Patton Boggs and Blow from 1988 until 1998. and with Greenberg Traurig LLP from 1998 until 2014. Since May 2014, he has been Senior Counsel at Whiteford, Taylor & Preston LLP and has been listed in Best Lawyers since 2003.

## International Order of St. Hubertus

Allen Foster is a Knight Grand Officer in the International Order of St. Hubertus. He is the High Justice of the International Order and served as Chancellor of the USA Chapter from 2014 to 2020. Known as a close friend of Antonin Scalia, Foster travelled on a private jet with the late Supreme Court Justice to Cibolo Creek Ranch, where Scalia was last seen alive. Press reports that the trip was a meeting of the International Order of St. Hubertus were incorrect. Although several members of the Order were present with their wives, Scalia was not a member and the weekend was a social/hunting occasion for admirers of the late Justice. Presidio County, Texas sheriff Danny Dominguez reported that Foster and the other members of the order insisted he had no authority in conducting an investigation of Antonin Scalia's death on February 12, 2016, because that authority was vested in the U.S. Marshals assigned to Justice Scalia.
# Edwin and Nora Payne Bedford House

Edwin and Nora Payne Bedford House, also known as the Thomas Payne House and Benjamin Smith House, is a historic home located at Fayette, Howard County, Missouri, United States. It was built about 1860, and is a two-story, three-bay, brick I-house with a two-story rear ell. It features a wide front porch and two level porch along the side of the rear ell. The interior of the house is distinguished by a large amount of ornamental woodwork.$^{:5}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. It is located in the South Main Street Historic District.
# Mbuyapey

Mbuyapey is a district of the Paraguarí Department in Paraguay. It is located 182 km southeast of Asunción and has a population of around 14,512.

## Sources

* World Gazeteer: Paraguay – World-Gazetteer.com
* This Paraguay location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
26°12′S 56°45′W﻿ / ﻿26.200°S 56.750°W﻿ / -26.200; -56.750
# Islam in Guinea

Islam is the main religion in Guinea, followed by an estimated 90% of the population as of 2022. "Most are Sunnis who follow the Maliki legal tradition and Qadiri and Tijani Sufi orders."

## History

Islam spread from its birthplace in the Arabian Peninsula to Africa. Sundiata Keita (c. 1217 – c. 1255), the founder of the Mali Empire (which encompassed part of present-day Guinea as well as other modern nations), was not a Muslim, but by 1300, his successors were. The tenth ruler of the empire, Musa I (c. 1280 – c. 1337), made it the state religion.
Fouta Djallon, a highland region of Guinea, has been a stronghold of Islam since the late 17th century. The Imamate of Futa Jallon, a Muslim theocratic state ruled by the almami, was founded around 1725.
Eventually, the area of present-day Guinea came under colonial rule, and French Guinea was established in 1891, but that had little effect on the spread of the religion. In the 20th century, the Ahmadiyya movement was introduced into the country from Pakistan.
After Guinea achieved independence from France in 1958, Ahmed Sékou Touré, its Marxist first president, sought to reduce Islam's influence, but as his popularity declined, in the 1970s he worked "to co-opt Muslim institutions to legitimize his rule." Touré had the Grand Mosque built in the capital city of Conakry, with funding from Saudi King Fahd; it opened in 1982. It is the largest mosque in West Africa, with an inner hall that can hold 10,000.

## Education

The compulsory education curriculum does not include religious studies, but there are numerous Islamic schools throughout the country, particularly in Fouta Djallon. Some madrasas are financially supported by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and other Gulf states.

## Mosques

* Grand Mosque of Conakry
* Mohammed VI Mosque
* Mosque of Dinguiraye
* Mosque of Kankan
# I Funny

I Funny: A Middle School Story, also known as I Funny, is a realistic fiction novel by James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein. It was published by Little, Brown and Company in 2012. It was followed by I Even Funnier (2013), I Totally Funniest (2015), I Funny TV (2016), I Funny: School of Laughs (2017) and The Nerdiest, Wimpiest, Dorkiest I Funny Ever (2018).

## Summary

Wheelchair-using middle-schooler Jamie Grimm has recently moved in with his aunt’s cheerless family after his own family died in a car crash that left him paralyzed from the waist down. Despite Jamie’s desire to be treated like an ordinary kid and his struggles with grief for his lost family, he is a natural comedian and displays this in his day-to-day life. Much of this is fueled by his friends’ reactions to his one-liners and the encouragement of his warmhearted uncle. He enters a local comedy contest, wins it, and eventually goes on to win the New York state kid comic contest.

## Characters

* Jamie Grimm is the disabled protagonist of the story. He enters the Planet's Funniest Kid Comic Contest and wins the Long Island competition, then moves on to the state competition and wins. He was involved in a serious car accident two years prior that killed his parents and his younger sister, Jenny, and left him paralyzed from the legs down and put him in a wheelchair. He lives in Long Beach, New York, with his aunt and uncle and their three children (who he refers to as "the Smileys" because they never smile or laugh). He uses comedy as a way of coping with his emotions and dealing with things in his everyday life.
* Suzie Orolvsky (whom Jamie refers to as "Cool Girl") is a popular girl who Jamie has a crush on for a time.
* Stevie Kosgrov is Jamie's cousin & adoptive brother, and the middle school bully. He is often cruel to Jamie, picking on him for his disability.
* Uncle Frankie is Jamie's other uncle. He owns a diner and is shown to be very talented with yo-yo tricks. He is close with Jamie.
* Joey Gaynor is one of Jamie's best friends. He is shown to be obsessed with girls.
* Jimmy Pierce is another of Jamie's best friends. He is said to be nerdy and is very smart.
* Gilda Gold is another of Jamie's best friends, whom he develops a crush on later in the series. She assists him in creating new jokes, and she uploads his sets to YouTube.
* Shecky is a boy from Schenectady who competes in the New York finals against Jamie. He tells distasteful and insulting jokes, and is overconfident and arrogant.
* Judy Nazemetz is a girl from Manhattan who competes in the New York finals. She becomes friendly with Jamie during their time backstage.
# Hemmet

Hemmet is a small town in the former Egvad Municipality (Danish: Egvad kommune), which since 1 January 2007 has been part of the Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, Midtjylland, near the west coast of Jutland in Denmark. Hemmet has a town population of 320 (1. January 2024). The word "Hemmet" derives from prior Danish, meaning "The home".

## Education

In the early 1990s, the town of Hemmet had a school, but it was abolished since it was deemed too small. Afterwards, pupils from Hemmet had to attend the private Christian school in Sønder Vium, 4 km east of Hemmet or the public school 5 km south of Hemmet located in Nørre Bork, where the "Bork Havn Musikfestival" is staged. In Hemmet there is a kindergarten, holding around 100 pupils

### Nearby schools

* Sdr. Vium Friskole
* Bork Skole
* Tarm Skole - Overbygningen
* Tarm Skole - Byskolen

## Events

Hemmet has its own harbor, which is about 1000 m² large. At the harbor, each summer a havnefest (harbour feast) is held.
The town has a football team playing in the 6th series of Danish football. It shares its name with the nearby city of Sønder Vium, which Hemmet also bonds with. The football team is called "HSV IF", formerly "HSV '82".

## Religion

Hemmet has a church, which is known by many Christians in the area, because of the priest Martin Jensen. He is known because of his inner mission way of speaking. Not all citizens in Hemmet are Christians though.

## Sources

* ↑ BY3: Population 1. January, by urban areas The Mobile Statbank from Statistics Denmark
* ↑ The Church Association for the Inner Mission in Denmark
# Äcem Mosque

Äcem Mosque (Tatar Cyrillic and Latin respectively: Әҗем мәчете or Äcem mäçete, pronounced); (Russian: Ази́мовская мече́ть, Azimovskaya mechet) is a prominent cathedral mosque in Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. It is located in the southern part of the Old Tatar Quarter, a historic district populated by Tatars, and is one of about a dozen historical mosques in the district.

## History

The construction of the mosque was sponsored by a wealthy Tatar merchant, Mortaza Äcimev, hence the name. The construction started in 1887 and was completed in 1890. The architect is unknown. The architectural style is national romance eclecticism. The mosque has a 51-meters height minaret near the door, two halls, it is one-storied. The interior is designed in the medieval Oriental traditions. In 1930 the mosque was closed done by the authorities. In 1990-1992 it underwent reconstruction of both facades and the interior. In 1992 it was returned to the believers.
# Märcani Mosque

The Märcani Mosque (pronounced; Tatar: (әл-)Мәрҗани мәчете; formerly Äfände, i.e. Seigniorial, The First Cathedral Mosque, The Yunısovs' Mosque), also spelled al-Marjani, Mardjani and Mardzhani (Russian: Мечеть (аль-)Марджани́) is a mosque in Kazan, Russia, built in 1766-1770 by Catherine the Great's authority and on the city's population's donations.

## History

After several decades of persecution of the Muslims in Imperial Russia the Märcani Mosque was the first mosque built in Kazan under Russian rule. It is the oldest active mosque in Tatarstan and the only mosque in Kazan that evaded closure during the Soviet period.
The mosque was built in traditions of the Tatar medieval architecture combined with provincial baroque style, and it represents a typical Tatar mosque. It is believed that the architect was Vasily Kaftyrev. The mosque is situated in the Old Tatar Quarter (İske Tatar Bistäse) of Kazan at the bank of the lake Qaban.
Märcani Mosque is two-storied and has two halls. The interior is designed in The Petersburg Baroque style. In 1861 merchant İ. Ğ. Yunısov donated the addition of stairs, and in 1863 he donated the extension of mihrab and the breaching of new window. In that period the mosque was called Yunısovs' mosque after his family. In 1885 merchant Z. Ğosmanov donated the renovation of the minaret. In 1887 merchants W. Ğizzätullin and M. Wälişin added the tracery balcony to the minaret.
The mosque is currently named after Tatar scholar Şihabetdin Märcani who worked there as imam in the mid 19th century.
# Ashit

The Ashit (Russian: Ашит; Tatar: Ашыт) is a river in Tatarstan and Mari El, Russian Federation, a left-bank tributary of the Ilet. It is 89 kilometres (55 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 1,065 square kilometres (411 sq mi).
Major tributaries are the Ura, Semit, Shashi, Urtemka, and Ilinka. The maximal mineralization 450 mg/L. The average sediment deposition at the river mouth per year is 180 millimetres (7.1 in). Drainage is regulated. The lower part of the valley is swamped. The villages Alat and Bolshaya Atnya are in the river valley.
# Kelp tea

Kelp tea is a tea made from kelp. It is called konbu-cha or kobu-cha (昆布茶, meaning "Kombu-tea") in Japan, haidai-cha (海带茶) in China and dasima-cha (다시마차) in Korea.

## Varieties
### Japan

In Japan, konbu-cha or kobu-cha is kelp tea made by pouring boiling water into chopped edible kelp (kombu) and leaching or pouring hot water into powdered kelp.

#### Kelp tea for fortune

The tea served on New Year's Day and at weddings is sometime kelp tea because the pronunciation of kombu is similar to that of the last part of "yorokobu" (喜ぶ, meaning "be happy").
Fuku-cha(福茶, meaning "fortune tea") is sencha green tea with kelp, umeboshi, kuromame (black beans), and sanshō and is drunk on the last day of the year (Ōmisoka), in New Year, and on the day before the beginning of spring (Setsubun) in Kansai region, wishing a long life.
In particular, in New Year, oo-buku-cha or dai-buku-cha (大福茶, meaning "very good fortune tea"), which is sencha green tea with kelp and umeboshi, is drunk in Kansai region wishing good health and happiness.

#### Instant kelp tea

Powdery kelp tea is sold as an instant tea under the name of konbu-cha or kobu-cha. It is made by drying kelp to a fine powder and blending it with seasonings such as salt and sugar. It's simply dissolved in hot water and enjoyed as a tea. Note that this type of konbu-cha does not contain any true tea (Camellia sinensis).
The powdery kelp tea was invented by the founder of GYOKUROEN "Umazou Fujita" in 1918.
Ume-konbu-cha or ume-Kobu-cha, which is powdery kelp tea added freeze-dried crushed umeboshi, is also sold as an instant tea and is drunk as a tea in the same fashion.

#### History

Kelp tea is thought to have been drunk from quite a long time ago because "the Japanese have incorporated kelp and seaweed into their diets for 1,500 years".
It is said that, in 951, Kūya made a statue of the Ekādaśamukha to cure an epidemic that was spreading in the capital and went around the city giving oo-buku-cha to the sick.
Tea using kelp already existed in Edo period (1603-1868) at the latest, and people in these days drank it by pouring boiling water over chopped kelp.

### Korea

Either dried kelp powder or julienned kelp can be used to make the tea.
Powdered tea can be made by pan-frying and pounding cleaned and dried kelp. For a cup of hot water, two to three spoons of kelp powder is used. Optionally, sugar or honey can be added.
Alternatively, around 30 grams (1.1 oz) of cleaned kelp pieces are infused in 300–500 millilitres (11–18 imp fl oz; 10–17 US fl oz) of hot water. The kelp slices are removed after infusing, and salt is added to taste.
# Piedigrotta

Piedigrotta (Italian:; Neapolitan: Piererotta; lit. "at the foot of the grotto") is a section of the Chiaia quarter of Naples, Italy, so-called for the presence of the Church of the Madonna of Piedigrotta near the entrance to the Crypta Neapolitana. The area was also well known for an annual festival, which gave rise to a song writing competition leading to the commercial birth of the popular Neapolitan song.
# Pagani, Campania

Pagani (Italian:; Neapolitan: ('e) Pavane,) is a town and comune in Campania, Italy, administratively part of the Province of Salerno, in the region known as the Agro nocerino-sarnese. Pagani has a population of 35,834, as of 2016.

## History

In the period before the Roman supremacy in southern Italy, it was included into the territory of Nuceria, the chief town in the Sarnus valley – Herculaneum, Pompeii, Stabiae and Surrentum all being dependent upon it, according to many archaeologists. It maintained its allegiance to Rome till 309 BC when it joined the revolted Samnites. In 308 BC it repulsed a Roman attempt to land at the mouth of the Sarnus, but in 307 BC it was besieged and surrendered. It obtained favourable terms, and remained faithful to Rome even after Cannae.
Hannibal reduced it in 216 BC by starvation, and destroyed the town of Nuceria. The inhabitants returned when peace was restored. Even during the Social War it remained true to Rome. In 73 BC it was plundered by Spartacus.
In the Middle Ages (around the 9th century) a small colony of Saracens was introduced in the town by permission of the Dukes of Naples, but it lasted only a few decades.
The territory was merged back to Nuceria, which took the name of Nuceria Paganorum (Italian: Nocera dei Pagani), inspired by the noble Pagano family living in the castle of Curtis in Plano, in modern-day Pagani.

## Churches and religion

Pagani is home to some well-known churches and basilica, including:
* The Shrine of Saint Mary the Crowned of Carmel (Italian: Santuario di Santa Maria Incoronata del Carmine), commonly known as the Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens (Italian: Santuario della Madonna delle Galline). This Marian shrine hosts the annual Feast of Our Lady of the Hens (Italian: Madonna delle Galline). During this week, people dance in the streets to the tammurriata (or tarantella).

## Sports

The town is home to the Italian third-division Serie C football club, Paganese Calcio 1926, whose home ground is the 6,000-seat Stadio Marcello Torre.