OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sihon Majra

Sihon Majra is a village in Rupnagar tehsil, Rupnagar district, Punjab, India. It is on National Highway 21, 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Chandigarh, and close to the market town of Kurali.

## Infrastructure

A deep tube well, which supports village farmers on a user-pays basis, was installed by the government. Prosperous farmers have their own wells. The Agriculture Department opened a farmers training center in the village.
The village has a sub post office. It is linked to the main post office in Kurali.
The streets are paved and drainage is planned. The road network in and around the village is now abundant. All roads are metaled. Roads link all nearby villages such as Goslan Rormajra and Mughal Majra.
A local pond provides a fishing ground, earning good income for the village Panchayat.
Most villagers use cesspools for sanitation.

## Education

The state government operates all schools. The village school now offers up to year 8 education. The school has its full complement of government approved teachers. The school boasts a new primary section building. Plans to develop recreation areas are underway, with support derived from both government and private sources.

## Leadership

The village is led by an elected official, known colloquially as a panchayat. As a reflection of modern-day society, the panchayat generally comprises four male panches and two female panches. The village is also represented in the block samiti (the next level of governance).
According to the 2001 census, 506 people live in the village.
# Black Oak Township, Mahaska County, Iowa

Black Oak Township is a township in Mahaska County, Iowa, United States.
# French submarine Minerve (1934)

Minerve (Q185/P26) was the lead ship of the Minerve-class submarines of the French Navy. Commissioned in 1936, during World War II she served in the Free French Naval Forces, and was wrecked in late 1945.

## Ship history

Minerve was built at the Arsenal de Cherbourg, laid down on 17 August 1931, launched on 23 October 1934, and commissioned on 15 September 1936 into the 2e Escadrille des Sous-Marins ("2nd Submarine Squadron") for service in the Atlantic.
In August 1939 she was based at Oran, and was detached in November 1939 to carry out surveillance around the Canary Islands. Between February and May 1940 Minerve acted as an escort to seven convoys between Gibraltar and Liverpool.
When the Germans invaded France on 10 May 1940 she was laid up undergoing maintenance, so on 18 June 1940 Minerve, under the command of Lieutenant de Vaisseau Bazin left Brest towed by the tugboat Zeelew. She was accompanied by her sister ship Junon towed by the Nessus, and escorted by the patrol vessels Pessac and Sauternes. Off Ushant, they were joined by the destroyer HMS Broke, and arrived at Plymouth on the 20th.
On 3 July 1940 Minerve (along with all other French naval vessels in British ports) was boarded by Royal Navy troops as part of Operation Catapult, and the crew interned.
Minerve was transferred to the control of the Free French Naval Forces in September 1940, and renumbered P26. She was recommissioned in January 1941 under the command of Lieutenant de Vaisseau Pierre Sonneville and while based at Dundee carried out patrols around the coast of Scotland, in the North Sea, and the Atlantic.
On 19 April 1941 Minerve attacked the Norwegian oil tanker Tiger off Egersund, Norway. Both torpedoes missed, and the submarine sustained some damage from depth charges dropped by escorting German destroyers, but managed to escape. In April 1942, she was part of the covering force escorting Convoy PQ 15 to Murmansk.
From October 1942 Minerve was under the command of Capitaine de Corvette Henri Simon-Dubuisson.
On 10 October 1943, while on a patrol of the Western Approaches from Plymouth, Minerve surfaced to carry out repairs on a diesel engine while about 300 nautical miles west of Brest. She was attacked in error by a RAF Coastal Command B-24 Liberator with rockets. Two crewmen were killed and two wounded, and the submarine's hull was badly damaged, but she managed to return to Britain escorted by the destroyer HMS Wensleydale.
On 19 September 1945, Minerve was being towed to France, but broke free in heavy weather and was wrecked on Portland Bill.
# Stenius

Stenius is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Göran Stenius (1909–2000), Swedish Finnish journalist, official in the Foreign Ministry, and writer
* Nicolaas Stenius (1605–1670), Dutch theologian
* Yrsa Stenius, (1945–2018), Finnish born Swedish journalist and editor
# Belgirate

Belgirate is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) northeast of Turin and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Verbania.
Belgirate borders the following municipalities: Besozzo, Brebbia, Ispra, Leggiuno, Lesa, Monvalle, Stresa.
The small Romanesque church of St. Mary dates to the 11th century and is preceded by a 16th-century portico with some frescoes of Bernardino Luini school.
# Lithocholate 6beta-hydroxylase

In enzymology, a lithocholate 6beta-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.94) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    lithocholate + NADPH + H$^+$ + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 6beta-hydroxylithocholate + NADP$^+$ + H$_2$O
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are lithocholate, NADPH, H$^+$, and O$_2$, whereas its 3 products are 6beta-hydroxylithocholate, NADP$^+$, and H$_2$O.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is lithocholate,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (6beta-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include lithocholate 6beta-monooxygenase, CYP3A10, 6beta-hydroxylase, and cytochrome P450 3A10/lithocholic acid 6beta-hydroxylase.
# Malatesta

Malatesta may refer to:

## People

* House of Malatesta, an Italian family which ruled over Rimini from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century

### Given name

* Malatesta (I) da Verucchio (1212–1312), founder of the powerful Italian Malatesta family and a famous condottiero
* Malatesta II Malatesta, best known as Guastafamiglia (c. 1299–1364), Italian condottiero and lord of Rimini.
* Malatesta III Malatesta or Malatesta IV Malatesta (also known as Malatesta dei Sonetti); (1370–1429), Italian condottiero, poet and lord
* Malatesta IV Baglioni (1491–1531), Italian condottiero and lord of Perugia, Bettona, Spello and other lands in Umbria

### Surname

* Antonia Malatesta of Cesena, daughter (or possibly the niece) of Carlo I Malatesta, Lord of Cesena, Fano, Pesaro, and Rimini
* Carlo I Malatesta (1368–1429), Italian condottiero
* Enrico Malatesta (born 1976), Italian goalkeeper for Cremonese
* Errico Malatesta (1853–1932), Italian anarchist
* Guido Malatesta (1919–1970), Italian film director and screenwriter
* Malatestino Malatesta (died 1317) or Malatestino (II) Malatesta, known as dell'Occhio, lord of Pesaro and Rimini
* Malatesta II Malatesta, best known as Guastafamiglia (c. 1299–1364), Italian condottiero and lord of Rimini.
* Malatesta IV Malatesta (also known as Malatesta dei Sonetti); (1370–1429), Italian condottiero, poet and lord
* Paola Malatesta (1393–1449), Italian noblewoman
* Paolo Malatesta (1246–1285), Italian nobleman
* Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta (1417–1468), Italian nobleman and poet
* Simone Malatesta (born 1982), Italian footballer for Lupa Roma

## Other

* Malatesta (play), a play by Henry de Montherlant
* Malatesta (film), a 1970 German film
* Malatesta (Rome Metro), underground station of Line C of the Rome Metro
# Ben Patrick

Ben Patrick (born August 23, 1984) is an American former professional football tight end. He was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played college football at Duke and Delaware.

## Early life

Patrick attended Herschel V. Jenkins High School in Savannah, Georgia, and was a letterman in football, basketball, and baseball.

## College career

Patrick began his college career at Duke University, where he red shirted his first year and then went on to play three seasons. After earning a degree in African American studies, he transferred to the University of Delaware for his final season of college eligibility in 2006. With the Blue Hens, Ben went on to lead Division I-AA tight ends in receiving with 64 catches for 639 yards and six touchdowns. He was an all Atlantic 10 Conference first-team pick and was named a first-team All-America, He also became the first Blue Hens player invited to the Hula Bowl. Patrick was a semi-finalist for the John Mackey Award given to the top tight end position player in the nation. At the end of the season, he was rated the best tight end prospect in the NCAA Division I-AA ranks by The NFL Draft Report in his senior season.

## Professional career
### Arizona Cardinals

Patrick was selected by the Cardinals with the 25th pick in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft. On September 4, 2007, Patrick was signed to the Arizona Cardinals practice squad after being cut from the roster less than a week earlier. He was promoted to the active roster on October 29. Patrick finished the 2007 season playing in 8 games with 3 games started with 7 receptions for 73 yards, including a long of 21 yards, for two touchdowns. During the 2008 regular season Patrick caught 11 passes for 104 yards, but no touchdowns. In Super Bowl XLIII, against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Patrick caught a 1-yard touchdown pass from quarterback Kurt Warner in the second quarter. It made him the first 7th round pick to score a touchdown in the Super Bowl since 2005.

### New York Giants

On August 1, 2011, Patrick signed a one-year contract with the New York Giants. He announced his retirement on August 6. On September 16, Patrick un-retired and was reinstated by the NFL. He became a free agent, since the Giants released him.

### Virginia Destroyers

Patrick played for the Virginia Destroyers in 2012.

## Coaching career

He is currently a coach at Gilbert high school in Arizona.
# Siegfried (play)

Siegfried is a play written in 1928 by French dramatist Jean Giraudoux, adapted from his own 1922 novel, Siegfried et le Limousin. The novel had launched Giraudoux's literary career, and the play based upon it established his reputation as a playwright. "It [Siegfried] marked the beginning of a productive, lifelong collaboration with actor-director Louis Jouvet, whom Giraudoux credits with transforming his literary plays into theater pieces."

## Original productions

Siegfried was translated into English in 1930 by Philip Carr and again in 1964 by Phyllis La Farge and Peter H. Judd.
Siegfried was first performed on 3 May 1928 in Paris at the Comedie des Champs-Elysees in a production by Louis Jouvet.

## Plot

We are introduced to Siegfried as the new national hero of Germany, an amnesiac survivor of World War I, who sprang from unknown origins to lead the country into a new period of modernization and prosperity. Baron von Zelten opposes Siegfried's project, loving the old German folk traditions. He also is one of the only Germans to know the truth about the new leader: he is actually a French soldier and writer, Jacques Forestier. A field nurse, Eva, had nursed him back to health knowing his real nationality, but took advantage of his amnesia to reeducate him as a German. In hopes of preserving the cultural heritage of his people, Zelten brings Siegfried's lover, Geneviève, to the German town of Gotha, ostensibly to give lessons in French, but really in hopes that she may restore his memory. Ironically, Zelten and Geneviève dash Siegfried's self-conception as the symbol of a new Germany precisely by revealing the soldier's true identity. A struggle ensues between the notion of identity as defined by one's birth and blood ties, and the idea that identity is something one can create in a vacuum; Eva and Geneviève take these opposing points-of-view, attempting to help the national hero of Germany. In the course of the political turmoil that results, Zelten is banished, but Siegfried leaves to resume his old life in France with Geneviève.
# Black Ocean

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | link |
| AbsolutePunk.net | (85%) link |
| Blabbermouth.net | link |
| SonicFrontiers.net | (favorable) link |
Black Ocean is the second studio album by metalcore band Century, the first since the band signed with Prosthetic Records. The album was produced, recorded and mixed by frontman Carson Slovak at his own studio and mastered by Kim Rosen of West Westside Studios. Black Ocean features a cipher code within its artwork to unlock hidden content on the interactive album website blackoceanalbum.com. A video for the track "Black Ocean" was made and debuted on Headbangers Ball in April 2008. Revolver Magazine selected Black Ocean as its #18 album in its Top 20 Albums for 2008 in the February 2009 issue.

## Track listing

All songs were written by Century, except where noted.
* "Pantheon" – 3:06
* "Black Ocean" – 3:37
* "Erasure" – 3:57
* "Drug Mule" – 3:15
* "Equus" – 3:42
* "Rising Sun" – 3:17
* "Monolith" (Century, Mike Guilliano) – 4:00
* "Daylight Algorithm" – 4:51
* "Dysgenics" – 0:43
* "Terror Starts at Home" – 2:44

## Personnel

* Carson Slovak – guitar, vocals
* Mike Giuliano – guitar
* Joshua Groah – bass
* Matthew Smith – drums
* Jason Baker – backing vocals
* Ricky Armellino – backing vocals
# Bythinella austriaca

Bythinella austriaca is a species of very small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Amnicolidae.

## Distribution

The distribution of this species is Carpathian (eastern alpine and Carpathian).
This species occurs in:
* Bulgaria
* Czech Republic – it lives mainly in Moravia and in eastern Bohemia, but there are also isolated populations near Prague
* Germany – lives only in Bayern and is endangered (Gefährdet)
* Poland
* Slovakia

## Habitat

Bythinella austriaca lives in springs and in brooks near springs.
# Kunnothuparamba

Kunnothuparamba is a Grama Panchayat in Kannur district of Kerala state, India that has administration over Kolavelloor census town and Puthoor village.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 India census, Kunnothuparamba Grama Panchayat had population of 39,392, among which 19,575 people resided in rural areas and 19,817 in urban areas, of whom 46.1% were male and 53.9% were female. There were 8,596 families, with 4,224 living in rural areas and 4,372 in urban areas. 12% of its population was under 6 years of age. It had average literacy rate of 94.8%, higher than the state average of 94%.
# St Mary the Virgin, Wanstead

St Mary the Virgin, Wanstead is a Church of England church in Wanstead, east London. It is located on Overton Drive and now shares its parish with Christ Church, Wanstead. It is the only Grade I listed building in the London Borough of Redbridge.
The parish is first recorded in 1208, but its medieval church was replaced 70 foot to the north by the present building between 1787 and 1790, on a plot donated from his estate by James Tylney-Long. It was designed by architect Thomas Hardwick. Its foundation stone was laid on 13 July 1787, followed by a reception at Wanstead House, and it was completed on 24 June 1790, with a consecration ceremony led by Beilby Porteus, bishop of London. After the new church was completed, its medieval predecessor was demolished, though the latter's large monument to Josiah Child was moved to the new church.
The sculptor Joseph Wilton and the Royal Navy Vice-Admiral Robert Plampin are buried in the churchyard.
# Kalkstein

Kalkstein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ludwik Kalkstein (1920–1994), Polish Nazi collaborator
* Meghan Kalkstein, American journalist
# Gazette

A gazette is an official journal, a newspaper of record, or simply a newspaper.
In English and French speaking countries, newspaper publishers have applied the name Gazette since the 17th century; today, numerous weekly and daily newspapers bear the name The Gazette.

## Etymology

Gazette is a loanword from the French language, which is, in turn, a 16th-century permutation of the Italian gazzetta, which is the name of a particular Venetian coin. Gazzetta became an epithet for newspaper during the early and middle 16th century, when the first Venetian newspapers cost one gazzetta. (Compare with other vernacularisms from publishing lingo, such as the British penny dreadful and the American dime novel.) This loanword, with its various corruptions, persists in numerous modern languages (Slavic languages, Turkic languages).

## Government gazettes

In England, with the 1700 founding of The Oxford Gazette (which became the London Gazette), the word gazette came to indicate a public journal of the government; today, such a journal is sometimes called a government gazette. For some governments, publishing information in a gazette was or is a legal necessity by which official documents come into force and enter the public domain. Such is the case for documents published in Royal Thai Government Gazette (est. 1858), and in The Gazette of India (est. 1950).
The government of the United Kingdom requires government gazettes of its member countries. Publication of the Edinburgh Gazette, the official government newspaper in Scotland, began in 1699. The Dublin Gazette of Ireland followed in 1705, but ceased when the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom in 1922; the Iris Oifigiúil (Irish: Official Gazette) replaced it. The Belfast Gazette of Northern Ireland published its first issue in 1921.

## Gazette as a verb

Chiefly in British English, the transitive verb to gazette means "to announce or publish in a gazette"; especially where gazette refers to a public journal or a newspaper of record. For example, "Lake Nakuru was gazetted as a bird sanctuary in 1960 and upgraded to National Park status in 1968." British Army personnel decorations, promotions, and officer commissions are gazetted in the London Gazette, the "Official Newspaper of Record for the United Kingdom". Gazettal (a noun) is the act of gazetting; for example, "the gazettal of the bird sanctuary".
# Sheng Yang He

Sheng Yang He (Chinese: 何胜洋; pinyin: Hé Shèngyáng; born 1963) is a Chinese-American plant biologist. He was a University Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University before moving to Duke University in 2020. He has been a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator since 2011. He served as President of the International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions from 2014 to 2016. Recognized for his research on plant pathology on the molecular level, he was elected to the US National Academy of Sciences in 2015.

## Biography

He was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China in 1963 and became aware of the importance of crop protection at an early age. He studied at Zhejiang Agricultural University (now part of Zhejiang University), where he earned his bachelor's degree in 1982 and his master's in plant protection in 1985. He subsequently moved to the United States to study at Cornell University, earning his Ph.D. in plant pathology in 1991.
After conducting postdoctoral research at Cornell, He taught at the University of Kentucky in 1993 before moving to Michigan State University in 1995. He was the University Distinguished Professor in three departments of MSU: Plant Biology, Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics. He is a member of the Editorial Board for Current Biology.
He is known for his research on plant pathology on the molecular level. His research focuses include bacterial effector proteins, the immune function of stomata in plants, and jasmonate signaling.
# Sphyrapodidae

Sphyrapodidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Tanaidacea.
Genera:
* Ansphyrapus Gutu, 2001
* Francapseudes Bacescu, 1981
* Kudinopasternakia Gutu, 1991
* Poligarida Bamber & Marshall, 2013
* Pseudosphyrapus Gutu, 1980
* Sphyrapoides Gutu & Iliffe, 1998
* Sphyrapus Norman & Stebbing, 1886
* Sphyrapus Sars, 1882
* Wandogarida Wi & Kang, 2018
# Kir2.6

The K$_{ir}$2.6 also known as inward rectifier potassium channel 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNJ18 gene. K$_{ir}$2.6 is an inward-rectifier potassium ion channel.

## Function

Inwardly rectifying potassium channels, such as K$_{ir}$2.6, maintain resting membrane potential in excitable cells and aid in repolarization of cells following depolarization. K$_{ir}$2.6 is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle and is transcriptionally regulated by thyroid hormone.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been linked to thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.
# Castle of Guadamur

The Castle of Guadamur is castle in Guadamur, Spain.

## History and description

It was built from scratch in the 15th century by Pedro López de Ayala, although works continued beyond the turn of the century. Erected on a hill to the East of the urban nucleus of Guadamur, it consists of a square main body, with circular towers and a larger ortogonal keep, standing 30 metre high.
It was restored from a previous state of ruin following its acquisition by the Baron of Cuatro Torres in 1887.
* The castle, as depicted by Parcerisa [es] in Recuerdos y bellezas de España (1853)
* Photographed by Casiano Prado [es] circa 1875
# Slobodan Anđelković

Slobodan Anđelković (Serbian Cyrillic: Слободан Анђелковић; 1 March 1913 – 6 December 1985) was a Yugoslav football player.

## Career

Born on March 1, 1913, in Belgrade, Kingdom of Serbia, he played most of his career as defender and occasionally as winger. He wore the red dress of SK Jugoslavija between 1935 and 1941.
He made one appearance for the Yugoslavia national team in a friendly match played in Belgrade on June 6, 1937, in a 1–1 draw against Belgium.

## Personal life

Later in his life he worked in the Serbian newspaper Politika. He died on December 6, 1985, in Sombor.
# Fressain

Fressain (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Fressain | The arms of Fressain are blazoned : Gules, 10 lozenges conjoined argent 3,3,3 and 1. (Fressain, Hergnies, Lallaing and Marpent use the same arms.) |
# Maria Duchêne

Maria Duchêne-Billiard (5 December 1883 – 2 April 1947) was a French contralto of the Metropolitan Opera from 1912 to 1916. She portrayed such roles as Amneris in Aida, Giulietta in The Tales of Hoffmann, Lola in Cavalleria rusticana, Maddalena in Rigoletto. She sang the role of the Old Woman in L'amore dei tre re, Rosette in Manon, Schwertleite in Die Walküre, and the Solo Madrigalist in Manon Lescaut among others.

## Biography

Duchêne was born in France and arrived in the United States in 1907 at the age of 23, already calling herself an "artiste". In 1910, she created the role of Adah in Naughty Marietta on Broadway.
She made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera on 16 March 1912 as La Cieca in Amilcare Ponchielli's La Gioconda with Emmy Destinn in the title role, Enrico Caruso as Enzo, and Arturo Toscanini conducting. She appeared in the American premiere of Boris Godunov as the Nurse in 1912 with Toscanini conducting. On 12 March 1913 she was to sing the role of Giulietta in Les Contes d'Hoffmann when she fainted; her role was taken over by madam Fremsted, who had sung the role when it premiered in the United States.
With the company she notably portrayed the role of the Peasant Woman in the United States premiere of Gustave Charpentier's Julien on 26 February 1914. Her mother, Elizabeth Duchêne (1859–1915) died in 1915 of pneumonia just as Duchêne was about to take the stage as Lola in Cavalleria rusticana.
Her final and 166th performance with the Met was as Ulrica in Un ballo in maschera in an out-of-town performance at the Boston Opera House on 18 April 1916.
On 7 October 1926, she married André Dumont (1896–1942), a French harmonium maker at Les Andelys. On 11 August 1937, they divorced.
She died on 2 April 1947.