OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Hedley

Thomas Hedley Jr., (born 1942/43) is a British magazine editor and screenwriter. The former publisher of Duckworth in London is President and Publisher of Hedley Media Group in New York City. As a young editor of Esquire, he edited and published essays by Federico Fellini, François Truffaut, Michelangelo Antonioni and Andy Warhol, among others. A fascination with film led to a number of written and produced screenplays including: Circle of Two, directed by Jules Dassin, Mr. Patman, Double Negative, Fighting Back and most notably, Flashdance. He has written screenplays for Barbra Streisand, Michael Jackson, Jean-Paul Goude and Sean Penn, among others.

## Early life

Hedley was born in England, the son of a Canadian military father and his English wife, and was educated at the University of Winnipeg.

## Career

* As editor-in-chief of Toronto Life, Hedley turned it into the “magazine of the year” and published, among others, Margaret Atwood, Leonard Cohen, Robertson Davies and won the national magazine award for a short story by Alice Munro.
* Hedley was the youngest ever editor of Esquire working for Harold Hayes in New York. During his tenure, he worked with writers and artists of the time including Tom Wolfe, Michael Herr, Diane Arbus, Jean Genet, William S. Burroughs, Gay Talese and Robert Coover. He produced a number of cover-sections including The Decline and Fall of the American Avant Garde in which he commissioned a play by Sam Shepard that was eventually performed at Lincoln Center, Claes Oldenburg’s last happening and a photographic essay on The New Theater by Andy Warhol. He commissioned and published essays by Federico Fellini, François Truffaut, and Michelangelo Antonioni, among others, and asked the directors to direct their own self-portraits.
* He produced and directed four documentaries for the CBC’s flagship current affairs program and wrote a number of produced screenplays including Circle of Two, Mr. Patman, Double Negative, Fighting Back, and Flashdance.
* He recently finished a two-year period in London as Publisher of Duckworth, the 105-year-old publishers of Virginia Woolf and D. H. Lawrence. He created a new imprint called Duck Editions, which book awards and books-of-the-year status in the leading British journals and newspapers.

## Personal life

He is married to Lisa Abelow Hedley, the step-daughter of banker turned art dealer, Robert Mnuchin (daughter of his second wife Adriana Mnuchin). Her step-brother is United States Secretary of the Treasury-designate, Steven Mnuchin. Lisa Hedley has been nominated for an Emmy award for documentary film. They have four children, and live in Palm Beach, Florida.
# The Living End (Jandek album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| CMJ #211 | favorable link |
| LowLife #16 | favorable link |
The Living End is the eighteenth album by outsider musician Jandek and the only release of (1989). Corwood Industries #0756 continues the bluesy band sound of the prior two albums, but adds a new, thinner-voiced female vocalist to the mix.
# LGMN

Legumain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LGMN gene.
This gene encodes a cysteine protease, legumain, that has a strict specificity for hydrolysis of asparaginyl bonds. This enzyme may be involved in the processing of bacterial peptides and endogenous proteins for MHC class II presentation in the lysosomal/endosomal systems. Enzyme activation is triggered by acidic pH and appears to be autocatalytic. Protein expression occurs after monocytes differentiate into dendritic cells. A fully mature, active enzyme is produced following lipopolysaccharide expression in mature dendritic cells. Overexpression of this gene may be associated with the majority of solid tumor types. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome 13. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but the biological validity of only two has been determined. These two variants encode the same isoform.
# Eleventh and Final Report of the Royal Commissioners appointed to Inquire into the Organization and Rules of Trades Unions and Other Associations

The Eleventh and Final Report of the Royal Commissioners appointed to Inquire into the Organization and Rules of Trades Unions and Other Associations (1868-1869) Parliamentary Papers vol xxxi (or the Report of the Royal Commission on Trade Unions) was a landmark report to the United Kingdom Parliament, which led to the legalisation of trade unions. The Commissioners who wrote the Report were divided, and delivered a Majority Report, and a dissenting Minority Report. The Minority Report was preferred by the Liberal Government, and this led to the Trade Union Act 1871.

## Background

* Combinations of Workmen Act 1825
* Friendly Societies Act 1855
* Hilton v Eckersley (1855) 6 El & Bl 47
* Reform Act 1867
* Hornby v Close (1867) LR 2 QB 153
* Skinner v Kitch (1867) LR 2 QB 393
* K Marx, Das Kapital (1867)
* Trade Union Congress, first meeting in 1868

## Content
### Majority Report

The Majority Report recommended that trade union internal affairs should be regulated in a manner ‘resembling in some degree that of Corporations.’ But little else. It wanted a system of registration, which would give immunity from criminal law. But union rules would be subject to approval by the Registrar of Friendly Societies, which would reject rules that restricted entry to trade, had a closed shop objective, or permitted sympathetic action on behalf of other workgroups.
Elcho and Herman Merivale dissented in part on the question of whether prosecutions for breach of contract should be allowed.

### Minority Report

A combined dissent was written by the Earl of Lichfield Thomas George Anson, Thomas Hughes and Frederic Harrison. Their Minority Report emphasised the work of unions in providing benefits to their members. It recommended they be given sufficient legal status to have immunity from criminal and restraint of trade laws, and to enable protection of their funds. It wanted rule registration, but no control for the Registrar, except where incomplete or fraudulent, and no legal process over union internal affairs.
# I Think This Is

I Think This Is is a studio album by Young Fresh Fellows, released on Yep Roc Records in 2009. It was released the same day as Scott McCaughey's other project The Minus 5's Killingsworth. The album was recorded at the behest of former Soft Boys member and friend Robyn Hitchcock, who offered to produce it. McCaughey had previously approached Hitchcock to produce an album 20 years prior, but the two couldn't arrange for an in-studio collaboration until they had toured together and several of the Fellows worked on his Jewels for Sophia.

## Reception

Mark Deming of Allmusic gave the album 3.5 out of five stars, calling it, "unusually focused and coherent-sounding" even as it transcends narrow genre definitions. PopMatters' Ron Hart awarded the album a 9 out of 10, agreeing that it is the most cohesive release from The Young Fresh Fellows and declared it their best album.

## Track listing

* "The Guilty Ones" (Scott McCaughey) – 2:19
* "Lamp Industries" (Kurt Bloch) – 2:02
* "Suck Machine Crater" (McCaughey) – 2:55
* "Let the Good Times Crawl" (Peter Buck, McCaughey) – 2:32
* "Never Turning Back Again" (McCaughey) – 2:21
* "New Day I Hate" (Bloch) – 2:01
* "Go Blue Angels Go" (McCaughey) – 1:36
* "Used to Think All Things Would Happen" (Chris Ballew, Tad Hutchinson) – 3:05
* "YOUR Mexican Restaurant" (McCaughey) – 2:23
* "Shake Your Magazines" (Ballew, Hutchinson) – 3:00
* "After Suicide" (McCaughey) – 1:48
* "If You Believe in Cleveland" (McCaughey) – 3:55
* "Ballad of the Bootleg" (McCaughey) – 2:42

### I Don't Think This Is track listing

* "Suck Machine Crater" (McCaughey) – 2:55
* "Let the Good Times Crawl" (Buck, McCaughey) – 2:32
* "Never Turning Back Again" (McCaughey) – 2:21
* "New Day I Hate" (Bloch) – 2:01
* "Go Blue Angels Go" (McCaughey) – 1:36
* "Gotta Get Away" (Mick Jagger, Keith Richards) – 1:42
* "The Guilty Ones" (McCaughey) – 2:19
* "The Final Tractor" (McCaughey) – 1:57
* "After Suicide" (McCaughey) – 1:48
* "Lay You in the Ground" (McCaughey) – 1:52
* "If You Believe in Cleveland" (McCaughey) – 3:55
* "Lamp Industries" (Kurt Bloch) – 2:02
* "Shake Your Magazines" (Ballew, Hutchison) – 3:00

## Personnel
### The Young Fresh Fellows

* Chris Ballew – composition, bass guitar, instrumentation
* Kurt Bloch – composition, guitar, engineering
* Tad Hutchison – composition, drums, instrumentation, vocals
* Scott McCaughey – composition, guitar, instrumentation, vocals
* Jim Sangster – bass guitar

### Additional personnel

* Peter Buck – composition, 12-string guitar
* Robyn Hitchcock – guitar, production, vocals
# Quarrington Hill Grasslands

Quarrington Hill Grasslands is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England. The site consists of three separate areas, two closely adjacent to the east of the village of Quarrington Hill, the third immediately west of the village, which lies 8 km south-east of Durham City.
The area is important for its magnesian limestone grassland communities, which are largely confined to County Durham and increasingly scarce even there. The grasslands at Quarrington Hill are typical of the type, being characterised by the presence of blue moor-grass, Sesleria albicans, and small scabious, Scabiosa columbaria. Less common species include common milkwort, Polygala vulgaris, hairy violet, Viola hirta, and wild carrot, Daucus carota. The nationally scarce dark-red helleborine, Epipactis atrorubens, is found at the site, as is basil thyme, Clinopodium acinos, a southern species that is uncommon this far north.
The Durham Argus butterfly, Aricia artaxerxes salmacis, a form which is only found in the magnesian limestone areas of Durham, is known to breed at the site.
# Proterotheriidae

Proterotheriidae is an extinct family of litoptern ungulates known from the Eocene-Late Pleistocene of South America. Members of the group were small-medium sized cursorial herbivores with brachydont teeth, with their toes showing progressive reduction, with later members of the group bearing weight on a single large toe similar to living horses.

## Description

Two subfamilies and 18 genera of Proterotheriidae are known. All forms were small or medium-sized. Typical is a reduction of the number of toes and brachydont or mesodont teeth. The family is recorded since the late Palaeocene. Various fossils are known from many parts of the South American continent. The diversity decreased in the Miocene to Pliocene and it has been assumed for a long time that they entirely disappeared in the late Pliocene. However, fossils found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay show that one member of the group, Neolicaphrium recens survived into the Late Pleistocene.
Better known genera of the family include Diadiaphorus and Thoatherium from the Miocene.

## Taxonomy

* Proterotheriidae
** Anisolambda
** Anisolophus
** Brachytherium
** Diadiaphorus
** Diplasiotherium
** Eoauchenia
** Eolicaphrium
** Epecuenia
** Epitherium
** Guilielmofloweria
** Heteroglyphis
** Lambdaconus
** Lambdaconops
** Mesolicaphrium
** Neobrachytherium
** Neodolodus
** Neolicaphrium
** Olisanophus
** Paramacrauchenia
** Paranisolambda
** Picturotherium
** Prolicaphrium
** Promylophis
** Proterotherium
** Protheosodon
** Pseudobrachytherium
** Tetramerorhinus
** Thoatherium
** Thoatheriopsis
** Villarroelia
** Uruguayodon
** Wainka
** Xesmodon
** Megadolodinae
*** Bounodus
*** Megadolodus
** Indaleciidae
*** Adiantoides
*** Indalecia
Proterotheriidae is traditionally considered to include two subfamilies, Anisolambdinae and Proterotheriinae. Anisolambdinae (also called Anisolambdidae in some studies) was proposed to unite the primitive and earlier forms Anisolambda, Eolicaphrium, Paranisolambda, Protheosodon, Guilielmofloweria, Heteroglyphis, Lambdaconops, Wainka and Xesmodon. However, the phylogenetic analysis of McGrath and colleagues recovered the included genera to neither form their own clade, or to universally represent basal taxa outside the genera of Proterotheriinae per Soria, making Anisolambdinae a polyphyletic group of unrelated organisms.
Proterotheriidae was redefined by McGrath and colleagues in 2019 to be all taxa closer to Tetramerorhinus than Macrauchenia, Tricoelodus or Protolipterna. The cladogram below shows the modified results of their phylogenetic analysis, where incomplete taxa were placed based on morphology. The unrelated genera of the polyphyletic taxon Anisolambdinae or Anisolambdidae is highlighted in pink.
# Ischnochiton circumvallatus

Ischnochiton circumvallatus is a common medium-sized species of chiton in the family Ischnochitonidae, endemic to the southern South Island and the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand where it habits exposed rocky shores down to the low intertidal zone. Coloured light buff to light green on both surfaces, occasionally with reddish brown. Moderately raised shell and narrow girdle which has small scales. Broods larvae along the sides of the body.
# Ischnochiton bergoti

Ischnochiton bergoti, the ribbed-scale chiton, is a small polyplacophoran mollusc in the family Ischnochitonidae, endemic to the west coast of southern Africa.

## Description

The species has somewhat drab colouring and is usually off-white to brown. Valves are finely pitted and may bear subtle radiating ridges. The scales of the girdle each bear between 3 and 8 coarse radiating ribs, visible under the microscope. Average body length is 10–20 mm.

## Distribution and habitat

Ischnochiton bergoti occurs along the west coast of southern Africa, in cold Atlantic coastal waters from southern Namibia to Cape Point in South Africa, where it can be found under stones below the high tide mark.

## Ecology

Like some other species of chiton, I. bergoti is thought to brood its eggs beneath its girdle.
# Kōzan, Hiroshima

Kōzan (甲山町, Kōzan-chō) was a town located in Sera District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,732 and a density of 67.46 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 99.79 km$^2$.
On October 1, 2004, Kōzan, along with the town of Seranishi (also from Sera District), was merged into the expanded town of Sera and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Dr. Hackenstein

Dr. Hackenstein is a 1988 comedy horror film, written and directed by Richard Clark and distributed by Troma Entertainment.

## Plot

After the death of his wife, the widower Dr. Hackenstein (David Muir) concocts the perfect plan: with the help of a few graverobbers and a couple of lost girls, he can use the spare parts to reanimate his dead spouse and build a better woman.

## Casting

Comedian Phyllis Diller has a small part in the film, along with Oscar nominee Anne Ramsey (d. 1988) in her last role.

## Release

It was shown at Cannes Film Festival in May, 1989, having been released on home video in January. Shooting was comparatively swift, principal photography having begun in May the previous year. It was given a commercial re-release fifteen years later (2004), on DVD format.

## Sources used

The film's visible contemporary influences include Re-Animator and Young Frankenstein. Critic Sandra Brennan characterized it as a parody of the "Frankenstein" films. Identifying it as "among the first films to blend pure gore with slapstick comedy", Rotten Tomatoes deemed it a precursor and trendsetter to later films, such as Scary Movie, which draw on those genres.

## Reception

DVD Verdict columnist David Johnson, though singling out production values as impressive within its low-budget class, found the gore–comedy outing failed to succeed on either count. Bill Gibron of DVD Talk wrote similarly unenthusiastically that its flashes of wit and effective segments notwithstanding, the romance and physical humor plot elements were ineffective, ultimately concluding it lay "somewhere in the middle between complete piece of crap and pretty cool comedy".
# Ishaya Mark Aku

Ishaya Mark Aku (died 4 May 2002) was a Nigerian Minister of Sports in the first cabinet of President Olusegun Obasanjo. He died in a plane crash in Northern Nigeria.

## Background

Aku was born in Bassa local government area of Plateau State to the late paramount ruler of the Rukuba chiefdom and qualified as a water engineer. He entered the Plateau State civil service, where he held various positions, and was a permanent secretary when appointed Sports Minister. His predecessor as Sports Minister, Damishi Sango, was his kinsman.

## Sports Minister

Aku was appointed Sports Minister in February 2001. He reorganized the Nigeria Football Association (NFA) to become a semi-independent body that relied less on government funding. He disbanded the Super Eagles, the National team, after they performed poorly at the 2002 African Cup of Nations in Mali. He was appointed head of the Supreme Council of Sports in Africa. Working with Chief Patrick Ekeji of the Sports Ministry, Aku started to reduce the emphasis on football to encourage other sports.

## Death

On 4 May 2002, Aku was among 70 passengers on board an airliner that crashed minutes after take-off in Kano. The plane went into a nose dive shortly after take-off and plowed into built-up area, killing many people on the ground. Total dead were over 148. Aku was on his way from Jos to Lagos to watch a friendly match between the Nigerian and Kenyan national teams.
# Real Blondes

Real Blondes were a short lived Australian pop trio. They released two singles and had a campaign with Impulse fragrance.

## Career

Real Blondes formed in 1999 in an internet chat room before meeting in person. Kelly Webb's mother had written "We B Cool" and they recorded it at the Webb house. The trio were signed to Epic Records and released "We B Cool" in August 1999.
Their second single, "I Won't Let Go" was released in June 2000 and peaked at number 39 on the ARIA Charts.

## Discography
### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions |
| Title | Year | AUS |
| "We B Cool" | 1999 | 67 |
| "I Won't Let Go" | 2000 | 39 |
# The Calligrapher

The Calligrapher is the debut novel of Edward Docx, published in 2003. It was selected by both San Francisco Chronicle and San Jose Mercury as a 'Best Book of the Year'. It was also a finalist for the William Saroyan International Prize for Writing. As of 2012 it had been translated into eight languages.

## Plot introduction

Narrated by Jasper Jackson, an accomplished calligrapher and serial seducer living off Warwick Avenue, London, the story tells how his seemingly perfect life unravels when his most recent infidelity is discovered and his girlfriend Lucy leaves him. Jasper, though, is soon captivated by a new neighbour Madeleine Belmont, a travel-writer, whilst he is commissioned to transcribe the Songs and Sonnets of John Donne for a wealthy American businessman. The book describes his growing love and commitment to Madeleine, illuminated by observations from the sonnets he is transcribing. But will his relationship with Madeleine last?

## Reception

* Stephen Metcalf in the New York Times writes 'Docx, a columnist by trade, frequently writes like a columnist by habit, in terse editorial sound bites... Nonetheless, the pace is mostly brisk, the tone most often light, and there are a few streaks of fiendish cleverness.'
* Diane White of The Boston Globe describes it as 'a delight, a witty, deftly written, honest comedy of manners', 'a novel that is as intelligent and sophisticated as it is light and funny'.
* Mark Rozzo of the Los Angeles Times warns "At times, you wonder whether Docx isn't almost too fluent. Like his sure-handed hero, he has a flair for flourishes and curlicues. Yet there's something undeniably winning about a novel that dares to use the randy love poems of John Donne as a running thread (each chapter corresponds to a song or sonnet that Jasper is transcribing) and yet somehow manages to come off as a Fox Searchlight Pictures comedy coming to a theater near you.
* The Economist concludes with "The beauty of Donne's words provides a satisfyingly crisp contrast to the book's laddish, laugh-aloud dialogue and strong characterisation is maintained throughout. Charmer and philanderer he may be, but Jasper's optimism and zest for life give him the appeal of a man ruled by both his head and his heart. If readers can suspend disbelief at the painfully shocking double-whammy served up at the end of the story, then this stylishly written, pacy novel is a sexy, satisfying read."
# Robert Downes (bishop)

Robert Downes DD (died 20 June 1763) was a Church of Ireland bishop in the mid 18th century.
Downes was the son of an Anglican bishop, Henry Downes. He was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He held incumbencies at Balteagh, Desertmartin and Kilcronaghan and was appointed Prebendary of Comber in 1734. He was Dean of Derry from 1740 until 1744; Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin from 1744 until 1752; Down and Connor from 1752 until 1753 and Raphoe from 1753 until his death on 20 June 1763.
# Thomas Hedlund

Thomas Carl Chaminda Hedlund (born 13 May 1980) is a Swedish drummer. He is currently the drummer for Swedish post-metal band Cult of Luna and Swedish indie rock band Deportees as well as the session and live drummer for French indie pop band Phoenix. He previously played drums for The Perishers and Khoma. Hedlund has also been a session drummer and touring drummer for many other musical acts based in Europe.

## History

Born in Sri Lanka, Hedlund was raised in Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden. As a youth, Hedlund played football competitively, before switching his focus to music after picking up the drums and joining the Swedish band, The Perishers.
In the years following his shift to music, Hedlund has become one of Sweden's most versatile drummers, most notably performing, as both a touring and session member, with the Swedish band, Cult of Luna and the French band, Phoenix. Hedlund's dynamic and modern playing style has a characteristic which, despite the aforementioned bands' great musical differences, makes Hedlund's playing recognizable.
Hedlund has been Phoenix's session and live drummer since 2005. He has played the drums on all of the band's albums since It's Never Been Like That. He met Phoenix while opening for them in Scandinavia as a member of Deportees, since the two bands shared a record label.
In addition to his technical skill, he also possesses a great rhythmic imagination, which has made him internationally sought-after. Aside from his work with Phoenix and Cult of Luna, Hedlund has also performed live and on studio recordings for the likes of Deportees, The Lost Patrol, Miike Snow, Convoj, Rasmus Kellerman, BOY, CANT, and iamamiwhoami to name a few.
Outside of his musical endeavours, Hedlund also works for a branch of the Swedish Arts Council as a grant committee member, which distributes scholarships and financial assistance to Swedish individuals professionally involved in the fine arts.

## Discography

with BOY
* Mutual Friends (2011)
with CANT
* Dreams Come True (2011)
with Convoj
* Exceptionnel (2008)
with Cult of Luna
* The Beyond (2003)
* Salvation (2004)
* Somewhere Along the Highway (2006)
* Eternal Kingdom (2008)
* Vertikal (2013)
* Mariner (with Julie Christmas) (2016)
* A Dawn to Fear (2019)
* The Long Road North (2022)
with Deportees
* All Prayed Up (2004)
* Damaged Goods (2006)
* Under the Pavement – The Beach (2009)
* Islands & Shores (2011)
* The Big Sleep (2015)
* All Future (2019)
with Khoma
* Tsunami (2004)
* The Second Wave (2006)
* A Final Storm (2010)
* All Erodes (2012)
with iamamiwhoami
* CONCERT IN BLUE (2015)
with The Lost Patrol
* Songs About Running Away (2003)
* Scattered, Smothered & Covered EP (2002)
* Creepy Cool (2001)
* The Lost Patrol (instrumentals) (1999)
with Miike Snow
* Happy to You (2011)
with The Perishers
* From Nothing to One (2002)
* Let There Be Morning (2003)
* Victorious (2007)
with Phoenix
* It's Never Been Like That (2006)
* Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix (2009)
* Bankrupt! (2013)
* Ti Amo (2017)
* Alpha Zulu (2022)
with Plastic Pride
* No Hot Ashes (1998)
with Simian Ghost
* Simian Ghost (2017)