OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Katharine W. Carman

Katharine Woodley Carman (1906 – 2008) was an American petroleum geologist. In a 1938 profile, she was described as "the only woman geologist in the United States employed by an oil company to work in the field exploring for oil".

## Early life and education

Carman was born in New York City, and raised in Colorado and in Evanston, Illinois, the daughter of George Washington Carman and Ruth Anne (Woodley) Carman. Her father was president of an investment brokerage; her mother was a Northwestern University graduate. She graduated from Evanston High School in 1923 and from Wellesley College in 1927. She completed a PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1933, with a dissertation titled "The Shallow-Water Foraminifera of Bermuda."

## Career

Carman was a micropaleontologist in the petroleum industry. She was an analyst for the Petroleum Administration Board from 1934 to 1936, and was based in Texas and Nebraska as a geologist for the Felmont Corporation from 1936 to 1939. She was exploration manager for North Central Oil Corporation from 1939 to 1941. In 1943, she returned to the Petroleum Administration for wartime planning and economic analysis. Her expertise was cited and her testimony was read into the record of several Congressional committees, including a 1942 Senate hearing on mineral resources and public lands.
Carman was the Illinois district geologist for the Great Lakes Carbon Corporation from 1943 to 1946. Beginning in 1946, she was a partner in the Buckhorn Oil Company, based in Indiana. She lived in Colorado in the 1950s.

## Publications

* "Some Foraminifera from the Niobrara and Benton formations of Wyoming" (1929)
# Battalia

Battalia may refer to:
* Battalia (formation), battle array for both an army and components of an army
* Battalia (moth), a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae
# Billy's Band

Billy’s Band is a Russian band from St. Petersburg playing blues, swing, jazz and rock. It was founded in 2001 by Billy Novick and Andrey Reznikov. They have 5 studio, 3 live albums, 3 singles and several compilations. They have participated in major jazz festivals in the United States and Canada. The musicians describe their style as "romantic alcojazz". They are one of the few popular bands in Russia which practice the DIY model: releasing, distributing and advertising records and organising concerts and tours themselves and not signing a contract with a major record label or producer.
# Luis Barceló

Luis Barceló Jover (31 August 1896 – 15 March 1939) was a Spanish military officer.

## Spanish Civil War

A professional officer of the Spanish Army, he supported the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War. In 1936 he was a major of the Spanish army. In July 1936, he was one of the officers who set up summary courts to try the rebel officers captured after the failure of the coup in Madrid. In September 1936, he took part in the Siege of the Alcazar. Later, he joined the Communist Party of Spain and led one mixed brigade of Juan Modesto's division in the Second Battle of the Corunna Road. Later, he was promoted to colonel and in June 1937, he became one of the Republican commanders in the Segovia Offensive. In 1939, he was the commander of the I Corps of the Republican Army of the Centre.

## Casado coup and execution

On March 5, 1939, the Colonel Segismundo Casado, an officer of the Republican Army, supported a section of the PSOE (Julián Besteiro), a section of the UGT (Wenceslao Carrillo), the CNT (Cipriano Mera), the general Manuel Matallana and the secret service of the Republic (SIM), staged a coup, deposed the prime minister, Juan Negrín, and established the National Defence Council (Consejo Nacional de Defensa) to start peace negotiations with Francisco Franco. The Council dismissed the communist commanders of the I, II, and III Corps of the Army of the Centre, such as Barceló, but he rejected the authority of the Council, and on March 7, he appointed himself as Commander of the Army of the Centre, set up his headquarters in the Pardo Palace and entered with his troops in Madrid, supported by the Bueno's II Corps and the Ortega's III Corps, starting a brief civil war inside the Republic. After days of bloody combat, he was defeated by Cipriano Mera's IV Corps and surrendered himself to the Council on March 12. On March 13, he and his commissar, José Conesa, were sentenced to death by a military tribunal and executed.
# Bougainville languages

Bougainville languages may refer to either of the following language families of Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea.
* North Bougainville languages
* South Bougainville languages
# Kaspars Ikstens

Kaspars Ikstens (born 5 June 1988) is a Latvian former international footballer who plays for Rīgas Futbola Skola, as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Born in Riga, Ikstens has played for JFK Olimps, Skonto, FC Daugava, Víkingur, Jelgava and Rīgas Futbola Skola.
He made his international debut for Latvia in 2018.
# John Enemark

John H. Enemark is an American chemist, focusing in bioinorganic chemistry, molybdenum-containing enzymes, pulsed EPR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and metal nitrosyls, currently the Regents Professor Emeritus at University of Arizona.

## Education

* 1962 – St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota, B.A. (Chemistry)
* 1964 – Harvard University, A.M., (Chemistry), R. H. Holm, thesis director
* 1966 – Harvard University, Ph.D., (Chemistry), W. N. Lipscomb, Jr., thesis director
# Bembidion nigropiceum

Bembidion nigropiceum is a small, fast-moving water beetle in the Trechinae subfamily.

## Description

The species is black coloured and have a length of 7.5 millimetres (0.30 in). The distinctive feature of this kind of species is that it doesn't have metallic sheen. They are closely related to Bembidion laticeps.

## Distribution

The species can be found in Kent, Pembrokeshire and from Cornwall to the northern part of Suffolk in England and Wales. It can also be found in Mediterranean coast and near the English Channel. The species were introduced to Massachusetts in the late 1800s by ships that were coming to the New World.

## Ecology

The species emerge in spring, following by larval stage in summer, and hibernation in winter. They can be seen from March to June. Both larva and adults are considered to be predators, because they hunt for small insects.

## Habitat

They can be found on shingle and sand beaches, or in a rubble between the cracks of the coastal cliffs.

## Threat status

The species is considered to be Nationally Scarce in Great Britain.

## Conservation

Due to its decline in Great Britain the species therefore are protected by UK Biodiversity Action Plan. The decline happen to be from habitat loss which is due to the invasion of Himalayan Balsam and floods.
# Bloomingdale Troopers

The Bloomingdale Troopers were a North Atlantic League baseball team based in Bloomingdale, New Jersey that played from 1946 to 1948. They were affiliated with the Boston Braves in 1947 and the Cleveland Indians in 1948. They are the only professional baseball team to ever play in Bloomingdale.

## History

The Bloomingdale Troopers were one of eight teams that competed in the inaugural 1946 season of the North Atlantic League, formed during the post-World War II minor league baseball boom in the United States. The league and its teams operated as a Class D affiliate of Major League Baseball, however, most of its teams operated independently of any major league clubs during the 1946 season.
The Bloomingdale team was named the "Troopers" after the original owner's son, who was a New Jersey State Police officer killed in the line of duty. They played their first game on May 8, 1946 in Peekskill, New York against the Highlanders, who were managed by former New York Yankees third baseman Joe Dugan. The next day, the Troopers played their first game at DeLazier Field in Bloomingdale, also against the Highlanders.
During the summer of 1946, former New York Yankees player Babe Ruth attended a Troopers game while in the area on a hunting and fishing trip. After the game, Ruth went onto the field and hit a few home runs for the record-setting crowd of 1,467 spectators.
The Troopers drew an average of 600 fans per game. Jim Lemon played for the team during their last season in 1948, before making it to the major leagues for Cleveland in 1950.

## Season records

Bloomingdale Troopers :
| Season | League | Manager | Record | Finish | Playoffs |
| 1946 | North Atlantic | Mickey Weintraub | 41-78 | 6th | |
| 1947 | North Atlantic | Butch Scinski | 47-74 | 7th | |
| 1948 | North Atlantic | Jim Jefferis / Stephen Kuk | 77-52 | 3rd | Lost in 1st round |
# Seldom Sene

Seldom Sene is a recorder quintet founded in Amsterdam in 2009. The group consists of five women: Stephanie Brandt, Ruth Dyson, Eva Gemeinhardt, Hester Groenleer, and Maria Martinez Ayerza.
In September 2014 they were awarded First Prize, the Audience Award and the Press Prize of the International Van Wassenaer Early Music Competition in the Utrecht Early Music Festival.
They have recorded five albums to date on the Brilliant Classics label. Their first album, Taracea was released in September 2014, and received favorable reviews in Gramophone and The Irish Times. El aire se serena was released in February 2016. Their third album, a recording of the Goldberg Variations by J. S. Bach was released in October 2017. Their fourth album, Delight in Musicke, with vocals by soprano Klaartje van Veldhoven, was released in March 2018. Their fifth album, Not a Single Road, a collection of contemporary music commissioned by the group, was released in September 2019.
# Katesville, North Carolina

36°05′21″N 78°21′57″W﻿ / ﻿36.08917°N 78.36583°W﻿ / 36.08917; -78.36583 Katesville is an unincorporated community in west central Franklin County, North Carolina, United States.
It is located near the intersection of N.C. Highway 56 and Phelps Road (SR 1223), west of Louisburg, at an elevation of 351 feet (107 m).
# Bougainville fantail

The Bougainville fantail (Rhipidura drownei), formerly the brown fantail, is a species of bird in the family Rhipiduridae. It is endemic of Bougainville Island in the Solomon Islands. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Guadalcanal fantail.

## Description

It is a small bird from 9-10 up to 14 cm long) dark bird with a long tail, which it often spreads like a fan. The main color of the plumage is brown, which is reflected in the former English name of this species. Upperparts - greyish-brown, underparts somewhat lighter, gray with an ocher tint and a faint white streak. The wings are brown above, the tail is light brown. The chest and head are greyish. On the head above the eye - a white stripe - "eyebrow" Sometimes there is also a light strip under the eye. Iris is dark brown. The beak is black or greyish brown, with a paler base underneath. The neck is whitish-gray. Legs are brownish gray. Males and females are rather similar, but females are somewhat smaller. Juveniles are also similar to adults, but their plumage is duller and lacks the white markings on the head and throat; the rufous color on the wings and tail is paler.
The voice is like a weak but piercing ringing whistle.

## Distribution and habitat

The Bougainville fantail inhabits mountain forests at an altitude of more than 700 meters above sea level (adults are usually above 900 m) and at least up to 1600 m..

## Behaviour
### Food and feeding

It feeds on all tiers of the forest, catching insects on the fly or looking them out from the foliage. It may join mixed-species flocks for foraging.

### Breeding

The nest is small cup-shaped with a very small hanging tail. All the construction is entwined with cobwebs. It is built at a height of about 2 m above the ground in a fork of a horizontal branch.
# List of mergers in Kōchi Prefecture

Here is a list of mergers in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan since the Heisei era.

## Mergers from April 1, 1999 to Present

* On October 1, 2004 - the former town of Ino absorbed the village of Gohoku (both from Agawa District), and the village of Hongawa (from Tosa District) to create the new town of Ino (in Agawa District).
* On January 1, 2005 - the villages of Kagami and Tosayama (both from Tosa District) were merged into the expanded city of Kōchi.
* On February 1, 2005 - the villages of Hayama and Higashitsuno (both from Takaoka District) were merged to create the town of Tsuno.
* On April 10, 2005 - the city of Nakamura was merged with the village of Nishitosa (from Hata District) to create the city of Shimanto.
* On August 1, 2005 - the town of Ikegawa, and the village of Agawa (both from Agawa District), and the village of Niyodo (from Takaoka District) were merged to create the town of Niyodogawa (in Agawa District).
* On January 1, 2006 - the village of Ōnomi (from Takaoka District) was merged into the expanded town of Nakatosa.
* On March 1, 2006 - the towns of Akaoka, Kagami, Noichi and Yasu, and the village of Yoshikawa (all from Kami District) were merged to create the city of Kōnan.
* On March 1, 2006 - the towns of Kahoku and Tosayamada, and the village of Monobe (all from Kami District) were merged to create the city of Kami. Kami District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
* On March 20, 2006 - the town of Kubokawa (from Takaoka District), the town of Taishō, and the village of Towa (from Hata District) were merged to create the town of Shimanto (in Takaoka District).
* On March 20, 2006 - the towns of Ōgata and Saga (both from Hata District) were merged to create the town of Kuroshio.
* On January 1, 2008 - the town of Haruno (from Agawa District) was merged into the expanded city of Kōchi.
# Gemixystus

Gemixystus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Trophoninae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Species

Species within the genus Gemixystus include:
* Gemixystus calcareus Houart & Héros, 2012
* Gemixystus fimbriatus Houart, 2004
* † Gemixystus hypsellus (Tate, 1888)
* † Gemixystus icosiphyllus (Tate, 1888)
* Gemixystus impolitus Houart & Héros, 2019
* Gemixystus laminatus (Petterd, 1884)
* Gemixystus lenis Houart & Héros, 2019
* Gemixystus leptos (Houart, 1995)
* Gemixystus polyphillius (Tenison-Woods, 1879)
* Gemixystus recurvatus (Verco, 1909)
* Gemixystus rhodanos Houart, 2004
* Gemixystus rippingalei (Houart, 1998)
* Gemixystus stimuleus (Hedley, 1907)
* Gemixystus transkeiensis (Houart, 1987)
* † Gemixystus zebra Houart, 2004

### Species brought into synonymy

* Gemixystus apipagodus (Ponder, 1972) † : synonym of Xymenella apipagoda (Ponder, 1972) †
* Gemixystus comes (Maxwell, 1992) † : synonym of Xymenella comes (P. A. Maxwell, 1992) †
* Gemixystus protocarinatus (Laws, 1941) † : synonym of Xymenella protocarinata Laws, 1941 †
# Bob Switzer

Robert C. Switzer (19 May 1914 – 20 August 1997) was an American inventor, businessman and environmentalist. Switzer was co-inventor of the first black light fluorescent paint along with his brother Joseph Switzer and the inventor of the Magnaglo process for nondestructive flaw-detection in machined parts. The brothers founded the Day-Glo Color Corp. in 1946 to develop and manufacture fluorescent paints, pigments and other products.

## Biography
### Early life

Switzer was born in Fromberg, Montana, to parents Maud (Slocum) and Emmet Switzer and was raised in Berkeley California. In 1932, he received a scholarship from the Scaife Scholarship Foundation of Oakland, California, so he attended the College of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, in hopes of becoming a physician.
During the summer of 1933, while working to unload tomatoes from a freight car at a H. J. Heinz Company laboratory in Berkeley, California, Switzer fell and suffered several serious injuries, including a skull fracture and severed optic nerve. Medical doctors told him to stay in a dark room until he recovered his eyesight, a period which lasted several months.

### Career

While convalescing from his injuries, Switzer and his brother Joseph searched for fluorescent materials, which Joseph had read about and wished to use in his amateur magic shows. The brothers inspected various products from their father's pharmacy, using a black light to identify fluorescent compounds. After Bob's recovery, the brothers continued to experiment with these, mixing them with shellac and eventually succeeding in producing the first black light fluorescent paints. They founded the Fluor-S-Art Co. in 1934 to develop and market their products for advertising displays.
The brothers moved their company to Cleveland, Ohio, to partner with Continental Lithograph, a subsidiary of Warner Brothers Pictures, that specialized in movie posters and advertisements. They developed and tested new applications for their fluorescent paints, including lithography, make-up, and fabric dyes.
In 1938, Switzer invented Zyglo and Magnaglo, two nondestructive testing processes that use fluorescent dyes to identify defects in machined parts. The dyes penetrate small defects and are seen when inspecting the parts under black light.
During World War II, the company developed daylight fluorescent pigments, which are highly visible in daylight. Bob produced the first piece of high-visibility clothing by dyeing his wife's wedding dress.

### Personal life and legacy

Switzer married his wife Patricia (a Berkeley native) in 1936. The couple had three children. Switzer died in 1997 at his home in Shaker Heights, Ohio from complications from Parkinson's disease. He was 83 years old
When Day-Glo Color Corp. was sold to Nalco in 1985, Bob and his wife used the proceeds to establish the Robert and Patricia Switzer Foundation to fund students working on applied environmental problem solving.
In 2009, "The Day-Glo Brothers," a children's book about Bob and Joseph Switzer's invention of fluorescent materials, was published by author Chris Barton and illustrator Tony Persiani.
# List of museums in Armenia

This is a list of museums in Armenia.
* History Museum of Armenia
* Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts
* National Gallery of Armenia
* Yerevan History Museum
* Charents Museum of Literature and Arts
* Cafesjian Center for the Arts
* ARF History Museum
* Erebuni Museum of the Erebuni Fortress
* Modern Art Museum of Yerevan
* Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute
* Dzitoghtsyan Museum of National Architecture
* Zoological Museum-Institute
* Natural History Museum of Armenia
* Geological Museum after H. Karapetyan
* Sergei Parajanov Museum
* Mother Armenia Military Museum
* Middle East Art Museum
* Armenia Ethnography Museum
* Armenian Medical Museum

## House-museums, biography

* General Andranik Museum of Patriotic Movement
* House-Museum of Aram Khachaturian
* House-Museum of Hovhannes Tumanyan
* House-Museum of Yeghishe Charents
* House-Museum of Avetik Isahakyan
* House-Museum of Alexander Spendiaryan
* House-Museum of Yervand Kochar
* House-Museum of Khachatur Abovian
* House Museum of Minas Avetisyan
* House-Museum of Derenik Demirchian
* House-Museum of Martiros Saryan
* House-Museum of Stepan Shahumyan
* House-Museum of Hovhannes Shiraz
* House-Museum of Silva Kaputikyan
# Galagali

Galagali is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located on the banks of river Krishna in the Bilgi taluk of Bagalkot district in Karnataka.
It is the birthplace of the Vedic scholar, poet, and orator Pandharinathacharya Galagali.
It is famous for Galagali Peda, a sweet dish.

## Demographics

At the 2011 India census, Galagali had a population of 8380 with 4115 males and 4265 females.
# Cavel

Cavel is a neighbourhood in South Mumbai. It is located to the northeast of Dhobitalao near the Chira Bazaar area. It got its name from the Koli word Kolwar. The Kolis of this village were converted to Christianity by the Portuguese in the 16th century. Cavel thus became a Christian enclave, and later immigrants of this religion, from Goa, Daman, Bassein and Salsette settled here. Two Portuguese churches are built here, Nossa Senhora de Saude, built-in 1794, presently known as Our Lady of Health, Cavel and Nossa Senhora d'Esperance. In later centuries, when the Christian population moved north, Gujarati and Marwari traders moved into Cavel.
# List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Portugal

The Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Portugal is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in the Portuguese Republic, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission in Portugal.
For ambassadors from the Court of St James's to Portugal before 1707, see List of ambassadors of the Kingdom of England to Portugal. For Ambassadors from 1707 to 1800, see List of ambassadors of Great Britain to Portugal.

## List of heads of mission
### Envoys of the United Kingdom to Portugal

* 1800–1802: John Hookham Frere Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal
* 1802–1806: Lord Robert FitzGerald Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Lisbon
* 1806: Lord Rosslyn and Lord St Vincent, extraordinary envoys
* 1806: Viscount Strangford chargé d'affaires

### Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary

* 1807–1808: Viscount Strangford
* 1808–1810: John Charles Villiers
* 1810–1814: Sir Charles Stuart
* 1814–1817: Thomas Sydenham
* 1817–1820: Sir Edward Thornton
* 1820–1823: Edward Michael Ward (chargé d'affaires)
* 1823–1824: Sir Edward Thornton

### Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary

* 1824–1827: Sir William à Court
* 1827–1828: Sir Frederick Lamb
* 1828–1833: Diplomatic relations severed after accession of King Miguel

### Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary

* 1833–1846: Lord Howard de Walden
* 1846–1851: Sir George Seymour
* 1851–1855: Sir Richard Pakenham
* 1855–1859: Henry Howard
* 1859–1866: Sir Arthur Magenis
* 1866–1867: Sir Augustus Paget
* September–December 1867: Edward Thornton
* 1867–1874: Sir Charles Murray
* 1874–1876: Robert Bulwer-Lytton
* 1876–1881: Robert Morier
* 1881–1884: Sir Charles Wyke
* 1884–1892: George Petre
* 1893–1902: Sir Hugh MacDonell
* 1902–1905: Sir Martin Gosselin
* 1905–1911: Sir Francis Villiers
* 1911–1913: Sir Arthur Hardinge
* 1913–1924: Sir Lancelot Carnegie

### Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary

* 1924–1928: Sir Lancelot Carnegie
* 1928–1929: Sir Colville Barclay
* 1929–1931: Sir Francis Lindley
* 1931–1935: Sir Claud Russell
* 1935–1937: Sir Charles Wingfield
* 1937–1940: Sir Walford Selby
* 1940–1945: Sir Ronald Campbell
* 1945–1947: Sir Owen St.Clair O'Malley
* 1947–1955: Sir Nigel Ronald
* 1955–1961: Sir Charles Stirling
* 1961–1966: Sir Archibald Ross
* 1966–1970: Sir Anthony Lambert
* 1970–1974: Sir David Muirhead
* 1974–1976: Sir Nigel Trench
* 1976–1981: Sir John Moran (Lord Moran from 1977)
* 1981–1986: Sir Hugh Campbell Byatt (son of Sir Horace Archer Byatt)
* 1986–1989: Sir Michael Simpson-Orlebar
* 1989–1993: Hugh James Arbuthnott
* 1993–1995: Sir Stephen Wall
* 1995–1999: Roger Westbrook
* 1999–2001: Sir John Holmes
* 2001–2004: Dame Glynne Evans
* 2004–2007: John Buck
* 2007–2011: Alexander Ellis
* 2011–2014: Jill Gallard
* 2014–2018: Kirsty Hayes
* 2018–2024: Chris Sainty
* 2024–present: Lisa Bandari