OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Untitled V

Untitled V is a color photograph made by German photographer Andreas Gursky, in 1997. It had an edition of six prints. The picture follows the usual method of digital manipulation used by Gursky since 1990.

## Description and analysis

It depicts the interior of what appears to be a luxury goods store, with a showcase displaying six rows of about 200 trainers, namely of Nike footwear. The photograph presents, like others of his works, multi-coloured objects in rows, against a white monochrome backgroung, in his personal take on the topics of consumerism and globalization in the modern societies. Each sport footwear is depicted clearly and in a detailed manner. Artistically the work references both the minimalism of authors like Donald Judd, and the pop art tradition of Andy Warhol, in the depiction of high consumerism goods.
Peter Galassi mentions in Gursky's works like the current one, "the solemn majesty of infinite progression (...) into the anesthetic repetitions of the assembly line and the display case".
David Bate states: "The abstract display of shoes focuses exclusively on the "ideal beauty" of a shop display spectacle, offered to the global consumer. In much the way modernist art removed "social context" from its content and environment, Gursky's photograph shows that the space of social consumption does this too."

## Art market

A print of the photograph was sold by $1,508,316 at Christie's London, on 15 February 2011.

## Public collections

There are prints of this photograph at the Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, and at the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, in Oslo.
# Distel hitch

Distel hitch is a friction hitch knot used to attach a carabiner to a rope, allowing a climber to descend or ascend. The knot is similar to the prusik knot, however it grips the rope more consistently, making for increased climber control.
# Ingénieur des études et techniques de travaux maritimes

The ingénieurs des études et techniques de travaux maritimes (engineer for studies and techniques of naval constructions) was an officer corps of the French Navy. The uniform was a standard Navy officer uniform, with pearl-grey stripes.
These engineers designed, direct and inspected all the high-qualification projects for infrastructure of the Ministry of Defence. Historically attached to the construction service of the Navy, they have been attached to the infrastructure service of National Defence at its creation in September 2005. They worked on building sites, in headquarters and with expeditionary forces abroad.
Recruitment was performed by the École Nationale des Travaux Maritimes (ENTM, National School for Naval Constructions). Students were recruited by a competitive exam open to students of the preparatory classes of the best engineering grandes écoles. The courses comprised one year for naval officer training, followed by three years at the École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État.
This corps of engineers is extinct since September 31, 2014, and has been replaced by the joint corps of military engineers of infrastructure (French: ingénieurs militaires de l'infrastructure).

## Officers
### Officiers généraux — (Flag officers)

* Ingénieur général de 2ème classe (General engineer 2nd class)
* Ingénieur général de 1ère classe (General engineer 1st class)

### Officiers supérieurs — (Senior officers)

* Ingénieur principal (Principal engineer)
* Ingénieur en chef de 2ème classe (Chief engineer 2nd class)
* Ingénieur en chef de 1ère classe (Chief engineer 1st class)

### Officiers subalternes (Junior officers)

* aspirant
* ingénieur de 3ème classe (engineer 3rd class)
* ingénieur de 2ème classe (engineer 2nd class)
* ingénieur de 1ère classe (engineer 1st class)
# The Flirtations (group)

The Flirtations were a pro-LGBT, male a cappella musical group active from 1988 to 1997. The original members were Jon Arterton, Michael Callen, Aurelio Font, TJ Myers, and Cliff Townsend. On the Out On the Road album they were joined by Jimmy Rutland. The group later reconfigured: for the album Three, Jon Arterton and Jimmy Rutland were joined by the woman Suede.
Their music provided an opportunity for both a celebration of gay culture and a call to arms in the battle against AIDS and homophobia. They were fronted by the gay activist Michael Callen from establishment in 1988 until his death from AIDS-related disease in 1993. The Flirtations performed at a number of prominent national venues, and performed a song in the soundtrack to Philadelphia.

## Discography

* 1990: The Flirtations
* 1994: Live: Out on the Road
* 1996: Three
The Flirtations contributed one cut each to the following collections:
* 1992: Feeding The Flame: Songs By Men to End AIDS (The Flirt Song - by The Flirtations - Track 8 and Crazy World - by Michael Callen - Track 9)
* 1995: A love worth fighting for A celebration of gay and lesbian singers and songwriters, Volume one. (Angels, Punks And Raging Queens - The Flirtations - Track 12)
* 1995: Winter moon. A celebration of gay and lesbian singers and songwriters and friends, Volume two. (Do Not Turn Away - Michael Callen - Track 8 and Everything Possible - The Flirtations - Track 14)
# Tokyo Express (flights)

The Tokyo Express (東京急行, Tōkyō kyūkō) is a term for regular flights by Soviet (and later Russian) military aircraft past Japan. They sometimes involve violations of Japanese airspace and have often been intercepted by fighter aircraft of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force.
During the Cold War the flights tended to take place along the Sea of Japan side of the country. During the Cold War Tupolev Tu-16, Tupolev Tu-95 and Myasishchev M-4 aircraft were used. Some of them were transiting to or from Cam Ranh Base in southern Vietnam. The Soviet Union started using the base in 1979.
After the Cold War ended Russia dramatically reduced its flights and stopped using Cam Ranh base. However, from 2007 Russia re-started regular flights, which now often take place on the Pacific Ocean side of Japan. In this second iteration, Tupolev Tu-22M, Tupolev Tu-95 and Tupolev Tu-142 aircraft are used. As of 2015 Russian aircraft have begun using Cam Ranh Base again, including for Il-78 tankers to support bomber flights in the Pacific.
Since 2019, the People's Liberation Army Air Force has also joined this operation, mainly using Xian H-6 and Shenyang J-16 to fly with the Russian fleet.
# Jefferson Mosier House

The Jefferson Mosier House is a historic house in Mosier, Oregon, United States. Jefferson N. Mosier (1860–1928) first platted the town in 1902 on what had been his father's donation land claim, and tirelessly promoted it for decades after. He built this prominent house in 1904, and remained in residence until his death. It is the only Queen Anne building in Mosier, and features many signature characteristics of the type.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. By 2006, it had been converted for use as a bed and breakfast inn.
# Kishoreganj-3

Kishoreganj-3 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament) of Bangladesh from 2008 by Mujibul Haque of the Jatiya Party.

## Boundaries

The constituency encompasses Tarail, and Karimganj upazilas.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Member | Party |
| 1986 | Fazlur Rahman | Jatiya Party |
| 1988 | Alamgir Hossain | Jatiya Party |
| 1991 | Ataur Rahman Khan | BNP |
| Feb 1996 | Masood Helali | BNP |
| Jun 1996 | Sayed Ashraful Islam | Awami League |
| 2008 | Mujibul Haque | Jatiya Party |
# Klippeneck

Klippeneck is a corner of the Großer Heuberg plateau in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
It is known for a gliding airfield.
A favourite place to visit on the Swabian Alb is the Dreifaltigkeitsberg (Holy Trinity Hill) with its 985-metre-high (3,232 ft) summit and its famous pilgrimage church. The path runs along part of the Donauberglandweg (Danube mountain country path), which has been awarded the seal of “Qualitätsweg Wanderbares Deutschland” (“Walkable Germany’s Quality Paths”) by the German Ramblers association.

## Climate

Climate data for Klippeneck: 974m (1991−2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) | 2.9 (37.2) | 6.8 (44.2) | 11.4 (52.5) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.2 (66.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 20.9 (69.6) | 16.6 (61.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 6.2 (43.2) | 2.9 (37.2) | 11.5 (52.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | −0.5 (31.1) | 2.7 (36.9) | 6.7 (44.1) | 10.5 (50.9) | 14.3 (57.7) | 16.2 (61.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 11.9 (53.4) | 7.9 (46.2) | 3.1 (37.6) | 0.1 (32.2) | 7.4 (45.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.5 (25.7) | −3.3 (26.1) | −0.7 (30.7) | 2.7 (36.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 10.0 (50.0) | 12.0 (53.6) | 11.8 (53.2) | 8.3 (46.9) | 4.7 (40.5) | 0.5 (32.9) | −2.4 (27.7) | 3.9 (39.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60.8 (2.39) | 50.4 (1.98) | 54.4 (2.14) | 61.7 (2.43) | 104.7 (4.12) | 102.0 (4.02) | 114.0 (4.49) | 94.1 (3.70) | 66.1 (2.60) | 69.7 (2.74) | 63.8 (2.51) | 69.5 (2.74) | 913.1 (35.95) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 16.5 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.1 | 17.0 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 15.0 | 13.4 | 14.6 | 15.6 | 18.6 | 187.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84.4 | 81.0 | 76.7 | 71.4 | 73.7 | 74.3 | 72.5 | 73.5 | 79.3 | 83.4 | 84.7 | 84.9 | 78.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 83.9 | 97.8 | 143.9 | 169.3 | 187.2 | 209.2 | 231.2 | 213.1 | 167.6 | 126.7 | 83.4 | 71.5 | 1,788.1 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
* This Tuttlingen district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Temple Zion and School

The Temple Zion and School is a former Jewish synagogue located at 320 North Durkee Street, and a Jewish day school located at 309 East Harris Street, both in Appleton, Wisconsin, in the United States. The synagogue was built in 1883 and was subsequently used as a church from 1932 until 1977; when it was sold to the Outagamie County Historical Society for use as a history museum. In 1999 the former synagogue and school were acquired by interested associated with the Wahl family.
In 1978, the former temple and school were added to the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

The Zion Congregation was formed in the 1850's by a group of liberal German-Jewish immigrants. Rabbi Mayer Samuel Weiss, from Hungary, was the first rabbi, elected in 1874. The synagogue was completed and dedicated in September 1883. According to a plaque outside the building, Houdini's father, Rabbi Mayer Samuel Weiss, helped plan the temple, which was "built with the financial support of many in Appleton regardless of their religion or background." The congregation added a small school behind the synagogue, where Edna Ferber was an early student, devoting a chapter to her life in Appleton in her 1938 memoir.
Temple Zion is a wonderful example of 19th century vernacular architecture. The building is not especially Jewish in style but rather a unique religious space as interpreted by Midwestern German craftsmen. The building was designed by Charles Hove.
By the 1920s, the congregation was in decline. They sold the synagogue building to the First Assembly of God in 1932, for the sum of $7,000. The church, at the time known as Pentecostal Evangelical Tabernacle, became affiliated with the General Council of the Assemblies of God and changed its name to Appleton Gospel Temple. The church renovated the interior in the 1950s. In 1977 the church sold the former synagogue and school buildings to Outagamie County Historic Society, and the building housed a museum, history workshop, and associated offices.
Unable to maintain its upkeep, Wahl Organbuilders, LLC, owned by Ronald and Christoph Wahl, purchased the former synagogue in May 1999. The building was empty and had serious visual and structural problems. Wahl Organbuilders restored the exterior of the building to its original appearance with a phased program of restoration. All four sides of the building proper as well as the smaller 'schoolhouse' building east of Temple Zion were restored to original colors, from recovered paint samples.
The Augustus B. Felgemaker organ was built in Erie, Pennsylvania and installed in the Temple in 1907. The organ had two manuals and pedal with nine stops. It was removed by the owners in 1996 and re-installed in the Lawrence University Memorial Chapel in 1999.

## Notable members

* Edna Ferber, the 1924 Pulitzer Prize-winning author
* David Hammel, a former mayor of Appleton
* Rabbi Mayer Samuel Weiss, the first rabbi and the father of Harry Houdini

## Gallery

* Commemorative plaque outside Temple Zion
# Klusener

Klusener is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gonzalo Klusener (born 1983), Argentine footballer
* Lance Klusener (born 1971), South African cricket coach and former cricketer
# Iconostigma tryphaena

Iconostigma tryphaena is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in New Caledonia in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
# Die Philosophie Herakleitos des Dunklen von Ephesos

Die Philosophie Herakleitos des Dunklen von Ephesos (lit. 'The Philosophy of Heraclitus the Obscure of Ephesus') is an 1857–1858 book by Ferdinand Lassalle, which presents a Hegelian analysis of the pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus.

## Background

Ferdinand Lassalle was born to a German-Jewish bourgeois family, studied philosophy and philology from 1843 to 1846 and decided from an early age to become a philosopher and social reformer. Heavily influenced by the German idealism of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Lassalle wrote Die Philosophie Herakleitos des Dunklen von Ephesos from 1844 to 1858. He finished it while he lived in Düsseldorf.

## Summary

Lassalle analyzes the pre-Socratic Greek philosopher Heraclitus from Ephesus. He attempts to reconstruct Heraclitus' philosophical views from the surviving writings, which consist of fragments quoted in other works. Lassalle extrapolates the surviving material and turns it into a philosophical system, strongly influenced by his own readings of Hegel.

## Publication history

Franz Duncker in Berlin published Herakleitos in two volumes. The first volume appeared in the autumn of 1847 and the second in 1858.

## Reception

Herakleitos was very well received among Young Hegelians and by scholars influenced by German idealism. Those who personally congratulated and praised Lassalle in letters included Alexander von Humboldt, Karl August Varnhagen von Ense, Karl Richard Lepsius, Heinrich Karl Brugsch and August Böckh, and Lassalle was made a member of the Berlin Philosophical Society by Karl Ludwig Michelet. Outside the Hegelian school, the Schopenhauerian philosopher Philipp Mainländer praised the work for its "brilliant astuteness" and maintained that Lassalle had found "the essence [of the philosophy of Heraclitus] behind a million cloaks". After multiple inquiries from Lassalle to Karl Marx, Marx wrote a polite letter where he complimented the book but recommended Lassalle to rely less on Hegel. In a subsequent letter to Friedrich Engels, Marx dismissed Lassalle's book as a lesser repetition of points from Hegel's Lectures on the History of Philosophy. He characterised Lassalle as self-important, "like a young man with his first smart suit", and wrote about the positive response Herakleitos received from academic circles: "It seems a fact that the elderly professors were astonished to experience this posthumous flowering of a past age." Lassalle became one of Marx' main intellectual competitors within the socialist movement in the 1860s. In the early 20th century, Herakleitos was an important influence for the Swedish writer Vilhelm Ekelund.
# Quarriors!

Quarriors! is a pool-building game made by WizKids in which players represent a titular mystical warrior. Players roll dice which gives them "quiddity" (an in-game currency) which allows them to purchase additional Spell Dice or Creature Dice, which can then be used to attack the opponent.
Quarriors was released in 2011 and was a nominee for Dice Tower game of the year, Best family game, and most innovative game of the year.

## Gameplay

The games have a lot of variability because the dice that are available to purchase change in each game, so the way they interact can cause a great variety of changes in the game.
It has been praised because of the lack of shuffling needed, as the dice can be readily pulled out of the bag.

## Legacy

The game has had several expansions and a port to iOS.
Quarriors! was the basis for WizKids' laterDice Masters series.

## Reception

Quarriors has been popular with game players with many people bringing it to events like Gencon and Penny Arcade Expo. Despite not being for sale, or official representation at Penny Arcade Expo 2011, it had a lot of play time.
Quarriors won the Origins Award for "Best Family, Party or Children's Game of 2012".
# Kochkor Game Reserve

The Kochkor Game Reserve is located in Kochkor District of Naryn Region of Kyrgyzstan. It was established in 1977 with a purpose of reproduction of pheasant, tolai hare, and other game animals. The game reserve occupies 2,000 hectares (4,900 acres).
# Diane (Erno Rapee and Lew Pollack song)

"Diane" (also known as "Diane (I'm in Heaven When I See You Smile)") is a song by Ernö Rapée and Lew Pollack, and was originally written as a theme song for the 1927 silent movie 7th Heaven. Its musical composition entered the public domain on January 1, 2023. The song title is sometimes mistakenly referred to as "My Diane" or confused with the Beach Boys song "My Diane", which is a different song.

## Hit versions

* In 1928, the Nat Shilkret Orchestra had a major hit with the song and other successful versions that year were by Nathan Glantz and by Franklyn Baur.
* The song was a popular single by Irish band The Bachelors, which was released on January 3, 1964 on the Decca label (Decca F11799) and produced by Michael Barclay. It reached number-one in the UK Singles Chart, number two in Ireland and number three in Australia. The Bachelors were the first act from the Republic of Ireland to have a number-one single in the UK charts. In the US, "Diane" was the Bachelors most successful single, peaking at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1964.

### The Bachelors chart performance

| Chart (1964) | Peak position |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 2 |
| UK Singles (The Official Charts Company) | 1 |
| US Billboard Middle-Road Singles | 3 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 10 |
# Ilimaussaq intrusive complex

The Ilimaussaq intrusive complex is a large alkalic layered intrusion located on the southwest coast of Greenland. It is Mesoproterozoic in age, about 1.16 Ga. It is the type locality of agpaitic nepheline syenite and hosts a variety of unusual rock types.
The complex is noted for a wide variety of rare minerals and is the type locality for thirty minerals, including: aenigmatite, arfvedsonite, sodalite, eudialyte and tugtupite.
The complex has an areal extent of 8 by 17 km and an exposed thickness of 1700 m. The complex includes Kvanefjeld, a uranium deposit and a large reserve of rare-earth elements, zirconium, niobium and beryllium.
# Dick Averns

Dick Averns (born March 1st 1964) is a Canadian artist who produces installations, sculptures, photography, text and performances.

## Life

Averns was born in London, UK in 1964.

## Work

Averns writings include Art in the Face of The Project for The New American Century and Cataloging Canada’s Schools of Art and Design for Artichoke magazine. Averns' recent installation Preoccupation revolves around the conceptual location of Ambivalence Blvd.
# Quality bias

Quality bias in price indices is a kind of mismeasurement if they do not incorporate data on the quality of goods from period to period, as well as their nominal price.
Personal computers are a canonical case. Because of improvements in computer chips, greater and greater speeds and features have become available, without substantial increases in price. If only price information on personal computers were used, quality bias would cause growth in a consumer price index (CPI) to be overestimated, since an equivalent computer would actually be much cheaper in later periods.

## Determining quality

Quality bias can work both ways. Faster computers with enhanced performance require greater memory and more expensive support software. Most personal computers were previously bundled with software, but now come only with a basic operating system and a requirement for the purchaser to purchase the bundled software after a "trial period", so the actual value per dollar is much lower. Obsolescence is built into most personal electronics, shortening their useful live, again lowering the actual value. All these issues make the quality bias tend to be negative rather than positive. As products and the manufacturing methodology advances, the cost of manufacture is expected to go down, and improved products are part of every product life cycle, and many products go through repeated cycling. An example is the automobile. Quality bias is most often seen in a negative manner in the cases of mature products as companies lower their acceptance standards in order to increase their profit margins. There is no effective measure for declining quality, unfortunately, which is why some nations such as Germany and Japan have developed very meticulous standards for nearly everything, including services. The DIN and JIS enable anyone to evaluate whether or not an article has been properly produced. There is no such standard in the U.S., except for some scattered attempts by insurers to control electrical quality (such as UL). Engineering standards, such as ASME and ASTM; Automotive, such as ASE and ISO are not effective standards and do not compare with JIS or DIN because it is self-imposed, self-regulated, and self-inspected by the very people it is designed to regulate.
Makers of price indexes can address the quality bias problem with several steps. The main approach is to use hedonic index methods to capture attributes of products and their implicit prices:
* Use matching models to relate goods from one period to the next
* Gather data on the attributes of goods and use hedonic regressions to infer implicit prices for these attributes and the net change in price for a good whose attributes have changed.
# Kitasōma District, Ibaraki

Kitasōma (北相馬郡, Kitasōma-gun) is a district located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.
As of November 1, 2021, the district has a population of 14,898. The total area is 24.90 km$^2$ (9.61 sq mi).
Currently, the district has only one town left.

## Timeline

* December 2, 1878 - The district was founded when Sōma District in Shimōsa Province split into Kitasōma District in Ibaraki Prefecture and Minamisōma District in Chiba Prefecture.
* March 13, 1947 - The village of Ino merged into the town of Toride.
* March 20, 1954 - The villages of Kawarashiro and Kitamonma were merged into the town of Ryūgasaki in Inashiki District. The town gained city status at the same time.
* March 21, 1954 - The parts of the village of Takasu merged into the city of Ryūgasaki.
* July 10, 1954 - The village of Sakate merged into the town of Mitsukaidō in Yūki District. The town gained city status at the same time.
* January 1, 1955 - The town of Fukawa and the villages of Monma, Fumi, and Higashimonma merged to form the town of Tone.
* February 21, 1955
** The town of Sōma and the villages of Rokugō, Sannō, and parts of Takasu merged to form the town of Fujishiro.
** The remaining parts of Takasu was merged into the city of Ryūgasaki.
* March 1, 1955
** The town of Moriya and the villages of Kōya, Ōno, and Ōisawa merged to form the town of Moriya.
** The village of Kokinu merged with the villages of Yahara, Jūwa, and Fukuoka from Tsukuba District to form the town of Yawara (On March 27, 2006, Yawara, along with the town of Ina (also from Tsukuba District), was merged to create the city of Tsukubamirai).
* April 1, 1956 - The villages of Uchimoriya and Sugao were merged into the city of Mitsukaidō.
* October 1, 1970 - The town of Toride gained city status.
* February 2, 2002 - The town of Moriya gained city status.
* March 28, 2005 - The town of Fujishiro merged into the expanded city of Toride.