OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jug (instrument)

The jug used as a musical instrument is an empty jug (usually made of glass or stoneware) played with buzzed lips to produce a trombone-like tone. The characteristic sound of the jug is low and hoarse, below the higher pitch of the fiddle, harmonica, and the other instruments in the band.

## Performance

With an embouchure like that used for a brass instrument, the musician holds the mouth of the jug about an inch from their mouth and emits a blast of sound, made by a buzzing of the lips, directly into it. The jug does not touch the musician's mouth, but serves as a resonating chamber to amplify and enrich the sound made by the musician's lips. Changes in pitch are controlled by loosening or tightening the lips. An accomplished jug player might have a two-octave range. Some players augment this sound with vocalizations, didgeridoo style, and even circular breathing. In performance, the jug sound is enhanced if the player stands with his back to a wall, which will reflect the sound towards the audience.
The stovepipe (usually a section of tin pipe, 3" or 4"/75 or 100 mm in diameter) is played in much the same manner, with the open-ended pipe being the resonating chamber. There is some similarity to the didgeridoo, but there is no contact between the stovepipe and the player's lips.
As a bass instrument, the jug is part of the band's rhythm section, but jug solos are common. Most jug bands use a single jug player, but there are recordings of period bands that used jug sections of two or more players.
Jugs will also produce sound at their main resonance frequency when air is blown across the top opening. This method is not used in bands, since it is relatively quiet and produces only a single pitch. It is typically used for making glass bottles whistle. A larger bottle produces a lower musical pitch while smaller ones produce higher pitches. The pitch of a bottle played in this way may be controlled by changing its volume by adding or emptying contents. Loudness is a function of the speed of the air blown across the top.

## History

The jug as a musical instrument reached its height of popularity in the 1920s, when jug bands, such as Cannon's Jug Stompers flourished. The jug was also popular because it was cheap and easy to carry around.
In addition to the most common ceramic jug, containers of many different materials have been used for musical jugs, e.g. glass jugs and bottles, plastic bleach bottles, tin kerosene cans, etc. Different materials produce different sounds, as do different sizes. The jug is primarily an acoustic instrument, although amplified and "electric jugs" appear from time to time, and have even been used in recordings, such as by Tommy Hall in the 1960s psychedelic band 13th Floor Elevators.
A version of the jug known as the botija was played in early Cuban musical forms such as the son.
In recent times, Fritz Richmond (1939–2005) was a well-known and successful jug player, and his work, found on numerous commercial recordings, provides many examples of jug playing. Josh Smith, (1979–present) of the Glade City Rounders, is one of the most famous jug players touring and playing live.
# Rainbow Coffee House

51°30′49″N 0°06′40″W﻿ / ﻿51.5137°N 0.1111°W﻿ / 51.5137; -0.1111 The Rainbow Coffee House was a famous coffee house located at 15 Fleet Street, London. It was opened by James Farr in 1657, becoming London's second coffee house.
The Rainbow provided a meeting place for freemasons and French refugee Huguenots who established an information centre there. The Rainbow was also featured in the furore created by Titus Oates, who accused Sir Philip Lloyd of denying the existence of a popish plot there, finding witnesses from amongst the coffee drinkers to testify against him
In 1719 John Woodward wrote a satire The Two Sosias: Or, the True Dr. Byfield at the Rainbow Coffee-House, to the Pretender in Jermyn-Street
David Hughson wrote in 1807 that the Rainbow was replaced by Nando's Coffee House in the same building, later in the 17th century.

## Notable people

Many notable Huguenots were associated with the Rainbow Coffee House. However, there were also other German and English notable people.

### French exiles

* Paul Colomiès (1638–1692)
* César de Missy (1703–1775)
* John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683 – 1744)
* Pierre des Maizeaux (1673–1745)
* David Durand (1680 – 1763)
* Peter Anthony Motteux (1663 – 1718)
* Michel de La Roche (fl. 1710–1731)
* Voltaire (1694 – 1778)

### Others

* Anthony Collins (1676 – 1729)
* David Hume (1711 – 1776)
* Richard Mead (1673 – 1754)
* Daniel Maichel (1693–1752)
* Thomas Sprat (1635 – 1713)
* John Toland (1670 – 1722)
# Kristian G. Andersen

Kristian G. Andersen is a Danish evolutionary biologist and professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California.

## Education

Andersen obtained a BSc in molecular biology from Aarhus University in 2004, and a PhD in immunology from the University of Cambridge in 2009.

## Research

Andersen's work provided insights into the emergence and transmission of Ebola virus during the Western African Ebola virus epidemic.
Andersen researched the 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic and gave comment on United States transmission through mosquitos.
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, Andersen and other scientists were consulted by the NIH and NIAID about the possibility of a lab leak. Andersen, in an email to Anthony Fauci in January 2020, told Fauci, the government's top infectious disease expert, that some features of the virus made him wonder whether it had been engineered, and noted that he and his colleagues were planning to investigate further by analyzing the virus's genome. On Aug 27, 2020, Scripps announced that they had received an $8.9 Million grant from NIAID, with Anderson acting as a lead researcher for the grant project. While Andersen and his colleagues initially suspected that the virus could have escaped from a laboratory in Wuhan, China, after additional analyses and an accumulation of this scientific evidence, Andersen and his co-authors concluded that the hypothesis was unfounded. In a 2022 paper, Andersen concluded that animals sold in a market in Wuhan, China, were most likely to be the source of the virus.
Republicans in the US House of Representatives have interpreted private communications between Andersen and other virologists who authored a paper on the proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 and Anthony Fauci as a sign of mutual efforts to downplay the probability of a lab-leak. Andersen was interviewed by the United States House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic in June 2023 and testified before the Select Committee in July 2023 on specific discussions between him and other scientists in early 2020 (including a February 1, 2020 conference call) over the origin of SARS-CoV-2. In his testimony, Andersen rebutted accusations against him and his coauthors, saying that changing their minds after considering new data was "textbook science in action".
# WCRH

WCRH (90.5 FM) is a Christian radio station airing contemporary Christian music and Christian talk and teaching. The station is licensed to Hagerstown, Maryland and is owned by Cedar Ridge Ministries.
# Hindsville Formation

The Hindsville Formation, or Hindsville Limestone Member of the Batesville Formation, is a geologic unit in northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma that dates to the Chesterian Series of the late Mississippian. Named for the town of Hindsville in Madison County, Arkansas, this unit is recognized as a member of the Batesville Formation in Arkansas and a geologic formation in Oklahoma. Although, some workers have proposed raising the rank of this interval in Arkansas to formation status. Both the Batesville and Hindsville Formations overlie the Moorefield Formation and underlie the Fayetteville Shale.

## Paleofauna
### Blastoids

* Pentremites
    "P. elongatus
    P. godoni
    P. patei
# David Glover

David Glover may refer to:
* David Glover (geneticist) (born 1948), British geneticist
* D. D. Glover (David Delano Glover, 1868–1952), politician
* David Carr Glover (1925–1988), American pianist
* David Glover (actor) (1927–2015), English television actor
* David Glover (The Inbetweeners)
# Rudnia

Rudnia may refer to the following places:

## Poland

* Rudnia, Gmina Czarna Białostocka in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-east Poland
* Rudnia, Gmina Michałowo in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-east Poland
* Rudnia, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, north Poland
* Rudnia River, a tributary in Poland of the Narew

## Lithuania

* Rudnia (Kaniava), a village in Kaniava eldership, Varėna district municipality, Alytus County

## Ukraine

* Rudnia, Kyiv Oblast [uk]
* Verkhnia Rudnia, Zhytomyr Oblast
# 1972 Bridgeport Purple Knights football team

The 1972 Bridgeport Purple Knights football team was an American football team that represented the University of Bridgeport as an independent during the 1972 NCAA College Division football season. In their third year under head coach Ed Farrell, the Purple Knights compiled a perfect 11–0 record, won the New England college division championship, defeated Slippery Rock in the Knute Rockne Bowl, and outscored all opponents by a total of 365 to 172. Bridgeport finished the 1971 season with 10 victories and extended its winning streak to 21 games during the 1972 season.
The team played its home games at John F. Kennedy Stadium in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 16 | West Chester | John F. Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 35–27 | |
| September 23 | American International | Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 28–19 | |
| September 30 | at Northeastern | Boston, MA | W 16–12 | 4,630 |
| October 7 | at Central Connecticut | Arute FieldNew Britain, CT | W 25–18 | 6,000 |
| October 14 | Wagner | Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 28–14 | |
| October 21 | Cortland | Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 42–7 | |
| October 28 | at Ithaca | Ithaca, NY | W 28–7 | |
| November 4 | Southern Connecticut | Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 42–10 | |
| November 11 | Lock Haven | Kennedy StadiumBridgeport, CT | W 52–28 | |
| November 18 | at Springfield | Athletic FieldSpringfield, MA | W 42–8 | 1,300 |
| November 24 | vs. Slippery Rock | Convention HallAtlantic City, NJ (Knute Rockne Bowl) | W 27–22 | 2,667 |
# Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical

Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical (now operating under Janssen Pharmaceuticals) was a pharmaceutical company based in Raritan, New Jersey, that was formed from the merger of Ortho Pharmaceutical and McNeil Pharmaceutical in 1993. These pharmaceutical companies were pioneers and leaders in areas such as pain management, acid reflux disease, and infectious diseases.
Ortho-McNeil and Janssen Pharmaceuticals together composed the Ortho-McNeil-Janssen group within Johnson & Johnson before a decision to operate under the Janssen Pharmaceuticals name in 2011.

## Products

Amongst its many prescription drugs are:
* Ortho Tri-cyclen
* Ortho-Evra
* Doribax
* Elmiron
* Levaquin
* Ultram ER
* Aciphex
* Concerta

## Lawsuits
### Topamax
#### False claims federal case

In 2010, Ortho-McNeil pled guilty in U.S. District Court to one count of misdemeanor violation of the Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act for illegally promoting its epilepsy drug Topamax for uses that were not approved by the FDA. The company was charged with using a program called "Doctor for a Day" to promote Topamax to psychiatrists for treatment of mental health conditions, despite never applying for FDA approval of Topimax for any psychiatric indication. The company was sentenced to pay a fine of $6.14 million.
Ortho-McNeil's parent company, Johnson and Johnson, also paid $75.37 million to resolve civil allegations under the False Claims Act that it caused false claims to be submitted to government health care programs for a variety of psychiatric uses that were not FDA approved.

#### Civil lawsuits

Ortho-McNeil was found liable in two 2013 civil suits by women who gave birth to children with birth defects after taking Topamax while pregnant. The jury found that they negligently failed to warn the patients and their doctors of the risks associated with Topamax when used by patients during pregnancy. They awarded $11 million in damages to one family and $4 million to the other.
As a result of these and other patient reports, the FDA ordered that a warning be added to the prescribing information for Topamax detailing the risk of birth defects such as cleft lip and cleft palate.
# Massachusetts Route 136

Route 136 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The highway runs 1.730 miles (2.784 km) from the Rhode Island state line north to Interstate 195 (I-195) in Swansea.

## Route description

Route 136 begins along two-lane market Market Street at the Rhode Island state line in the town of Swansea. Market Street continues south as Rhode Island Route 136 into Warren. The highway heads north and temporarily expands to a four-lane divided highway at its intersection with US 6 (Grand Army of the Republic Highway), where the route's name becomes James Reynolds Road. Route 136 has a four-ramp partial cloverleaf interchange with I-195, then enters the town of Rehoboth as Kingsley Way. The state highway ends and continues as a town road at an arbitrary location between the town line and Davis Street to the north. Route 136 is a part of the National Highway System from its southern end to I-195.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Swansea, Bristol County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.000 | 0.000 | Route 136 south (Market Street) – Warren, Newport | Continuation into Rhode Island |
| 0.969 | 1.559 | US 6 – Seekonk | |
| 1.367 | 2.200 | I-195 – Fall River, Providence, RI | Exit 5 on I-195 |
| 1.730 | 2.784 | Kingsley Way | Continuation north |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||
# Kentucky Route 426

Kentucky Route 426 (KY 426) is a 3.395-mile-long (5.464 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway travels through rural areas of Marion County.

## Route description

KY 426 begins at an intersection with KY 84 (Raywick Road) south-southwest of St. Mary, within the central part of Marion County. It travels to the east-southeast and curves to the southeast before meeting its eastern terminus, an intersection with U.S. Route 68 (US 68) and KY 55 (Jane Todd Crawford Trail / Campbellsville Road). Here, the roadway continues as Mullins Lane.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Marion County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| ​ | 0.000 | 0.000 | KY 84 (Raywick Road) – Marion Adjustment Center | Western terminus |
| ​ | 3.395 | 5.464 | US 68 / KY 55 (Jane Todd Crawford Trail / Campbellsville Road) – Campbellsville, Lebanon | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Chuvit Garden

Chuvit Garden (also known as Chuwit Park) was a private park in Bangkok, at Sukhumvit Soi 10. It was created in 2006 by Chuwit Kamolvisit who owns the area. The block was formerly known as Sukhumvit Square. The park was open to the public daily from 08:00 to 10:00 and from 16:00 to 20:00.
In the early hours of 26 January 2003 about 120 bars and other businesses on this plot of land were demolished. Chuwit was accused of having masterminded this action to get rid of unwanted tenants. In an interview in 2004, he admitted to having paid police to carry out the raid, but when they later demanded more money he refused. He was acquitted of all charges related to the raid in July 2006.
In the late 2017, this park was closed by Chuwit Kamolvisit sold this land to Land and Houses with a value of 5,000 million baht.
# 2001 Bhutan A-Division

The 2001 season of the Bhutanese A-Division was the seventh recorded season of top-flight football in Bhutan. The league was won by Druk Star, their first title and the first time a Bhutanese team other than Druk Pol had won in the last six years. The league was preceded by a qualifying tournament known as the Thimphu League. Qualifiers from this league joined other teams in a round robin group stage to determine the four teams who would proceed to the knock out stage.

## Thimphu League

The 2001 Thimphu League, which started on 15 July, served as a qualifying tournament for the 2001 Bhutan A-Division. 9 teams took part, 5 from Thimphu and 4 from Phuentsholing. It is not known for certain how many teams qualified, but of the four known participants, three qualified as a result of their position.

### Known participating teams

From Thimphu:
* Druk Pol
* Druk Stars
* Thimphu
From Paro:
* Paro

### Known result

Druk Stars did not qualify for the A-Division.

## A-Division

The A-division commenced on 12 August. Although Druk Star had not qualified via the Thimphu League earlier in the year, they were given a place following the withdrawal of Phuentsholing and Chhuka. The league consisted of two groups of three teams playing in a round robin format. The top two teams from each group then qualified for the semi-final knockout stages.

### Participating teams

From Thimphu:
* Druk Pol
* Druk Star
* Thimphu
From outside Thimphu:
* Chhukha (withdrew)
* Gomtu
* Paro
* Phuentsholing (withdrew)
* Samtse

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Thimphu (Q) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 0 | +6 | 4 | Qualification for Semi-Finals |
| 2 | Druk Pol (Q) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | +2 | 4 | Qualification for Semi-Finals |
| 3 | Paro | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 8 | −8 | 0 | |

#### Results
### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Druk Star (Q) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 | +6 | 6 | Qualification for Semi-Finals |
| 2 | Samtse (Q) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | Qualification for Semi-Finals |
| 3 | Gomtu | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | −6 | 0 | |
# Institute of Technology, Tallaght

The Institute of Technology Tallaght (also known as ITT or IT Tallaght) (Irish: Institiúid Teicneolaíochta, Tamhlacht) was a third-level institution in Tallaght, the largest suburb of Dublin, Ireland. Established in 1992, IT Tallaght offered degree and postgraduate courses as well as adult education courses. On 1 January 2019 it was dissolved and its operations merged into the new Technological University Dublin (TUD). Its campus is now the Tallaght Campus of TUD.

## History

The institute was established as Tallaght Regional Technical College, in 1992, and was at the time the final new Regional Technical College opened in Ireland. It was built on lands donated for educational use to the Irish government by the Dominican Orders, St. Mary's Priory lands, in Tallaght. Qualifications were accredited by the NCEA (the forerunner to HETAC).
The institute adopted the abbreviated title of "ITT Dublin" in 2005, to differentiate it from IT Tralee; this did not change the legal name which continued to be "Institute of Technology, Tallaght" as stated in the Institutes of Technology Act, 2006. In 2016, the institute re-branded as ITT.
From 2011, IT Tallaght validated Theology degrees from The Priory Institute, located adjacent to the campus in Tallaght.
In 2013, it was announced that IT Tallaght, IT Blanchardstown and the Dublin Institute of Technology intended to apply for Technical University Status. On 1 January 2019, this Technical University was founded under the name of 'Technological University Dublin', amalgamating all three institutions.

## Faculties and courses

The institute offered a variety of courses, including Higher Certificates and Bachelor's Degrees as well as postgraduate courses in the schools of accountancy, business, computing, engineering, humanities and science.

## Student life

IT Tallaght had many clubs and societies for students, including Drama, Radio, Soccer, Martial Arts, Computing and Snow Sports.
The institute also had a Radio Society broadcasting as "ITTFM" on 99.1FM. It broadcast twice annually, in February in line with the institute's RAG (Raising And Giving) week, and also in September for Freshers Week. When not broadcasting on FM, it streamed online through its website, www.ittfm.ie.
IT Tallaght was in the process of redeveloping land donated by the Dominicans of St Mary's Priory (with whom ITT worked closely in providing theology courses at The Priory Institute), for use as sports pitches.

## Technical

The institute was the hub of the ITnet network.
# Alan Heathcock

Alan Heathcock (born March 8, 1971) is an American fiction writer. He is the author of the acclaimed short story collection VOLT (2011) and the dystopian novel 40 (2022).

## Early life, education, and career

Heathcock grew up in the Chicago suburb of Hazel Crest, Illinois and attended the University of Iowa, where he graduated in 1993 with a Bachelor of Arts in Journalism. He earned Master of Fine Arts degrees from both Bowling Green State University (1996), and Boise State University (2003). Heathcock teaches in the Master of Fine Arts Creative Writing program at the University of Nevada, Reno. He lives in Boise, Idaho.

## Notable works

Heathcock's first collection of short fiction, VOLT, was published with Graywolf Press in 2011. VOLT was selected as an Editor's Pick for both The New York Times Book Review and The Oxford American; a finalist for the Barnes & Noble Discover Award, as well as hailed by many critics as one of the best books of 2011, including Publishers Weekly, the Chicago Tribune, Salon.com, and GQ. VOLT also includes the story "Peacekeeper," which first appeared in the Fall 2005 issue of the Virginia Quarterly Review, and won Heathcock a National Magazine Award in 2006. A 2013 short film adaptation of "Smoke," one of the stories in VOLT, was directed by Cody Gittings and Stephen Heleker.
Heathcock's debut novel, 40, was published in 2022 by MacMillan to mostly favorable but some mixed reviews. The book follows the adventures of Mazzy Goodwin, a soldier in an apocalyptic near-future who miraculously grows angel wings from her back and becomes a pawn in a charismatic religious leader's attempts to rule America. Comparing the book to The Hunger Games, Kirkus Reviews notes that "[t]he dystopian ingredients are familiar, but Heathcock combines them in a potent metaphorical stew." The book was also featured in a New York Times article about climate change fiction.
# Donji grad, Zagreb

Donji grad (pronounced, locally also, lit. 'Lower Town') is one of the 17 city districts of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. It is located in the central part of the city and has 37,024 inhabitants (as of 2011). The official name of the district is rarely used, for it is dubbed centar (center) by most Zagreb residents even though "centar" encompasses some southern parts of district Gornji Grad-Medveščak.

## Gallery

* Ban Jelačić Square
* Donji grad at dawn
* Donji grad skyline
* Mimara Museum
* Regional office of the city administration center
* View from The Westin Zagreb