OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glâne (river)

Glâne (French:; Arpitan: (la) Gllânna ) is a river in Switzerland that crosses part of the Canton of Fribourg. It is a tributary of the Sarine and a sub-tributary of the Rhine river. The Neirigue and the Glèbe are its two largest tributaries.
The river gave its name to the surrounding Glâne district of the canton.
The Glâne has its source in the town of Siviriez, then heads northeast becoming the border between the municipalities of Mézières, Romont, Villaz-Saint-Pierre, Villorsonnens and La Folliaz. It then continues east and northeast through the Sarine district where it borders the municipalities of Chénens, Autigny, Farvagny, Cottens, Neyruz and Matran, finally joining the Sarine River on the border between Villars-sur-Glâne and Hauterive.
The river has powered several mills and sawmills throughout history. In addition, during the nineteenth century public baths were built north of Romont.
# Joseph Reed (lawyer)

Joseph Reed (July 11, 1772 – March 4, 1846) was a Pennsylvania lawyer and legal writer, who served briefly as the state Attorney General.

## Biography and career

Reed was born the son of Pennsylvania lawyer Joseph Reed and Esther de Berdt. Shortly after Reed's birth, the elder Reed gave up his law practice and became closely involved with George Washington and the American Revolutionary War, served a term as Pennsylvania's president, and was a delegate to the first Continental Congress. He died a few years after the war ended. Reed was then raised in the home of Jared Ingersoll. He graduated from the College of New Jersey in 1792 and was admitted to the bar the same year.
In 1805, he married Maria Ellis Watmough (or Watmaugh), they had four children. Two sons, Henry Hope and William Bradford would become lawyers. Henry would switch careers and become a distinguished academic in literature. William Bradford would, like his father, serve as state Attorney General, and then also switch careers. He was later appointed U.S. Envoy to China, and became an academic in history, writing books on his paternal grandparents.
Reed served as prothonotary of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1801–1810. When Walter Franklin resigned in 1810 as state Attorney-General near the end of his term, Reed was appointed to complete the term. Reed was Recorder of the city of Philadelphia, 1810–1829. In 1816, Reed was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society.

## Publications

* The Laws of Pennsylvania, 5 volumes, 1822–4.
# Make a Way

"Make a Way" is a song from the band Blondie's tenth studio album Ghosts of Download. It was released officially along with the rest of the album in May 2014, although it was released before that as a free digital download with tickets to the band's 2013 North American tour.

## Background and release

The song was first announced during a March 2013 edition of US radio show Soundcloud, where Debbie Harry and Chris Stein guested. Stein spoke briefly about the origins of the song, and how he initially began to experiment with "a Turkish groove" that evolved into a more dance-influenced pop song. He said he wrote it with Jeff Saltzman, who also produced it, and a minute-long sample was played. The full song was released as a download with tickets to the No Principals Tour in Spring/Summer 2013. Lyrically it includes lines about how "club life is living inside me, better not hide B, 'cos I wanna go oh, to the show, to the dance hall, so everyone knows." The chorus explores a meaningful relationship: "I wanna make a way, for us/'Cos I can't live without this in my universe".
The song was featured on BBC Radio 2's Ken Bruce Show on May 5, 2014 when its parent album became Record of the Week, and it received a full release on May 12 along with the rest of "Ghosts of Download". The song's lyrics are featured in the album's booklet, handwritten by the band's frontwoman Debbie Harry. Talking about the album to GQ, Chris Stein said: "This is a key track on the album in that the acoustic and electronic came together for the first time. This has almost an eastern beat, it started with a crazy Turkish groove. I love middle Eastern music. Recently, I've been looking Iraqi and Iranian hip hop which is fascinating, you can dig a lot of it out on Youtube. I liked the old school middle eastern music too and this evolved from that."
As of June 2014, the song, which was recorded at Mercy Sound Recording Studios in New York City and Skyline Studios in Oakland, has not received any live performances.
# Marpha

Marpha is a village in Mustang District in the Dhawalagiri Zone of northern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1630 people living in 434 individual households.
The village is a part of the trekking industry, and has a nearby Tibetan refugee camp. Tibetans from the camp work in the village, supporting the tourist and trekking service sector. It is in a scenic location and apples are an important crop for the area.
Formerly, Marpha was a village development committee (VDC), which were local-level administrative units. In 2017, the government of Nepal restructured local government in line with the 2015 constitution and VDCs were discontinued.

## Sights

Marpha is a pretty stone lined village which has survived the transition to the current time, by catering to trekkers and tourists. The village is a common overnight halt on the Annapurna Circuit, less crowded and touristy than Jomsom to the north.
The name itself reflects the "mar" meaning hard working and "pha" meaning people. Tourism and mule rearing are the means of survival of the people of this place. Although it has an original Safe Water Drinking station, it now also sports numerous guest houses and small hotels.
The village is the apple capital in the nation, with Marpha brandy and jams produced from local fruits.
Dominating the village is the Nyingma monastery from which there are good views of the village and the Gandaki River valley. Above the monastery is a chorten painted onto the cliff face and a number of small stone chortens on the ledges below. Legend says that the villagers became afflicted with leprosy and all attempts to control it had failed. A local monk, originally from Tukuche, south of Marpha, advised the villagers to build the chorten and hold religious rituals at the site. Since that time the leprosy stopped and Marpha flourished once more.
On the southern outskirts of Marpha, on the opposite bank of the Gandaki River is a Tibetan refugee camp and Chhairo gompa, the first Nyingma monastery to be established in Mustang District.
Many of the souvenir shops in Marpha are run by residents of the Tibetan refugee camp.

## Climate

Marpha has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) with cold, dry winters and mild, slightly wet summers.
Climate data for Marpha (Thakmarpha), elevation 2,566 m (8,419 ft), (1976–2005) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 11.3 (52.3) | 14.4 (57.9) | 17.5 (63.5) | 19.3 (66.7) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.2 (70.2) | 19.7 (67.5) | 16.9 (62.4) | 13.9 (57.0) | 11.7 (53.1) | 16.5 (61.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.0 (28.4) | 0.8 (33.4) | 1.9 (35.4) | 4.8 (40.6) | 7.9 (46.2) | 11.4 (52.5) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 10.6 (51.1) | 5.2 (41.4) | 1.4 (34.5) | −1.1 (30.0) | 5.6 (42.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.3 (0.29) | 15.3 (0.60) | 31.4 (1.24) | 29.5 (1.16) | 32.9 (1.30) | 47.0 (1.85) | 67.2 (2.65) | 63.4 (2.50) | 49.4 (1.94) | 34.7 (1.37) | 7.0 (0.28) | 13.2 (0.52) | 402.4 (15.84) |
| Source: Agricultural Extension in South Asia ||||||||||||||

## Gallery

* Marpha
# Yari Otto

Yari Otto (born 27 May 1999) is a German professional footballer who plays as a forward for 3. Liga club SC Verl.

## Personal life

Yari's brother Nick is also a footballer.
# Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend

Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend, 557 U.S. 404 (2009), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that a seaman may recover punitive damages from his employer for failure to pay maintenance and cure. Townsend reversed a line of cases, starting with Guevara v. Maritime Overseas Corp. in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (New Orleans), that restricted damages in maritime personal injury cases only to "pecuniary" damages. Consequently, a seaman can now recover both attorney's fees and punitive damages for the willful and wanton refusal of a shipowner to provide medical care to a seaman injured on the job. The Court's 5-4 opinion was delivered by Justice Clarence Thomas.
The Court explained that Congress never used the words "pecuniary" or "non-pecuniary" to describe the damages available for personal injuries (injuries not causing death) under either the Jones Act or the Federal Employers Liability Act. Congress merely said "damages"; hence, any limitation on those damages to "pecuniary damages" was a creation of the courts, not Congress. The Court stated that it "will not attribute words to Congress that Congress did not say."
# Diplazium molokaiense

Diplazium molokaiense is a rare species of fern known by the common name Molokai twinsorus fern. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is one of the rarest ferns. It has historically been found on the islands of Kauai, Oahu, Lanai, Molokai, and Maui, but it is thought to have been extirpated from four of them and today can be found only on Maui where fewer than 70 individual plants remain. The fern was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1994.

## Characteristics

This fern has leaves up to about 20 centimeters long growing from a twisted rhizome. Each dark green, shiny leaf is made up of several pairs of leaflets, the largest of which is about 5 × 2 cm. They have pointed tips and slightly rippled edges. The sori are up to a centimeter long and are narrow and somewhat curved in shape.

## Habitat

This fern grows in the moist riparian forests on the slopes of two mountains on Maui, one of which is the volcano Haleakalā. It can be found next to streams lined with basalt boulders and near waterfalls and plunge pools. The forest in the area has a mostly open canopy and is dominated by ʻōlapa (Cheirodendron trigynum) and ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha). Other plants of the understory include Ākala (Rubus hawaiensis), Kanawao (Broussaisia arguta) and Coprosma species. The fern grows from walls of mossy rocks alongside other ferns such as Pteris cretica, Polystichum haleakalense, Pneumatopteris sandwicensis and Diplazium sandwichianum.

## Endangered status

Threats to this rare fern include habitat destruction and degradation due to the action of feral pigs, flash flooding, and invasive plant species such as Australian blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon), sticky snakeroot (Ageratina adenophora), sweet vernal grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), fringed willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum), velvet grass (Holcus lanatus), and cat's ear (Hypochoeris radicata).
# Xie Chaojie

Xie Chaojie is a male former table tennis player from China. From 1989 to 1993 he won several medals in singles, doubles, and team events in the Asian Table Tennis Championships, in the Table Tennis World Cup, and in the World Table Tennis Championships.
# Danielis

Danielis (Greek: Δανιηλίς, Daniēlís, fl. 9th century AD) was a widowed Byzantine noblewoman landowner from Patras.

## Traditional narrative

According to the written tradition (continuing in the tradition of Theophanes) she was an extremely wealthy landowner, owning a significant part of the Peloponnese, as well as a flourishing carpet and textile industry. However, Ilias Anagnostakis has argued that the narrative about Danielis is not merely exaggerated but largely fictional. Her relationship with Basil I was modeled on that between King Solomon and the queen of Sheba on the one hand, and Alexander the Great's visit to Kandake (as related in the Alexander Romance) on the other. The invention was meant, along with the other miraculous tales told about Basil in that text, to base his legitimacy and heroic stature in the realm of romantic fable and Scriptural parallel (he was also said to be descended from Alexander and sought to rival Solomon as a builder). Her estate, which she eventually bequeathed to the Emperor Leo VI, an estate ‘exceeding any private fortune and barely inferior to that of a ruler’, included 80 domains and over 3000 slaves whom the emperor sent as colonists to southern Italy.
Danielis became acquainted with the future emperor Basil I the Macedonian during a visit he made in Patras when he was still an attendant of an imperial delegate. For some reason or other, Danielis offered Basil lavish gifts and land property which proved useful in his subsequent ascent to the imperial throne. She also travelled to Constantinople with a large retinue, in order to visit Basil after he became emperor, in what the chronicles describe as an extravagant journey. Her loyalty to the throne was rewarded with the title of Emperor's Mother (Basileomētōr). She outlived Basil I and named Basil's son Leo VI the Wise as her heir. Leo released 3,000 of her slaves and sent them to settle in Southern Italy.
# M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum

The M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum (Ukrainian: Харківський історичний музей імені М. Ф. Сумцова, Kharkivskyi Istorychnyi Muzei Imeni M. F. Sumtsova) is a history museum located in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Its dedicated to history and culture of Ukraine and ethnicities living here.

## History

The museum was established in 1920 by Mykola Sumtsov as the Museum of the Sloboda Ukraine (Музей Слобідської України). It got the best collections from Kharkiv University Museum and the city Art and Industry Museum.
The collection of Kharkiv University Museum started to accumulate in 1804. Its objects were used for students teaching. This collection was one of the first museum collections in Ukraine. The city Art and Industry Museum was founded in 1886. Its ethnographic collection was one of the largest and best among all city museums in Russian Empire. In 1902 the nationwide Archaeological Congress was held in Kharkiv. A huge previous search work was conducted. There were collected a large number of valuable objects of history, ethnography, art that revealed history and culture of inhabitants of the region. For participants of the Congress the exhibitions were created to demonstrate these objects. Later most of the objects became a part of the collection of M.F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum. The World War II was a heavy blow to the museum's collections. At this time a significant part of the collection has been lost.
On June 18, 2015, the museum was named after its founder and first director — Mykola Sumtsov. Today the M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum retains the significance of the research, scientific-methodical and cultural-educational center of Kharkiv Oblast.

## Exhibitions

* Archeology of the Kharkiv region
* Kharkiv region during middle ages and cossack era
* Ethnic traditions of the Kharkiv region
* Cossack era in ukrainian history
* Kharkiv during 19th century
* Kharkivites on the fronts of World War I (1914–1918)
* Kharkiv region in the Revolution of 1917 and interwar period (1917–1940)
* World War ІІ
* Kharkiv in Soviet time, 1943–1991
* Antiterrorist operation and Kharkiv region

## Gallery
### Kurgan steles in M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum

* Cuman Statue (second from the left) on Constitution Square in Kharkiv.
* Cuman Statues on Constitution Square in Kharkiv.
* Polovtsian women on the square Constitutions in Kharkov
* Next to the Kharkiv Historical Museum named after M.F. Four Polovtsian stone statues - balbals ("Polovtsian women"), created in the 12th century, were installed in Sumtsov. The statues were found on the territory of the Kharkiv region. One of the statues was found in pre-revolutionary times, two - in the 1930s, and one was found by employees of the archeology department of the historical museum as a result of archaeological research in the Loziv district in 1980 at the bottom of the Britai River.

### Paintings by Ilya Yefimovich Repin in the M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum

* Portrait of Dmytro Bagaliya by Ilya Repin, in 1906
# Horst Borcherding

Horst Borcherding (8 October 1930 – 9 February 2015) was a German footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Borcherding played club football for SV Saar 05 Saarbrücken and VfL Osnabrück, and played international football for Saarland.

## Later life and death

He died on 9 February 2015, at the age of 84.
# The Body in the Trunk

The Body in the Trunk is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by John O' Brien starring William Garwood and George Larkin.

## Cast

* William Garwood
* Billie West
* George Larkin
* George Siegmann
# Doryopteris angelica

Doryopteris angelica is a rare fern species, known by the common name Kauai digit fern. It is endemic to Hawaii where only small populations are known.
The ferns grow on slopes in Hawaiian tropical rainforests habitat, and have been found only on the island of Kauaʻi. It was federally listed as an endangered species in 2010.

## Taxonomy

Doryopteris angelica is closely related to Doryopteris decora, and was first described as a separate species in 1999. It is now placed in the Cheilanthoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae.
# ISU Junior Grand Prix in Turkey

The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Turkey is an international figure skating competition. Sanctioned by the International Skating Union, it is periodically held in the autumn as part of the Junior Grand Prix (JGP) series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

## Results
### Men's singles

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2009 | Istanbul | Yan Han | Stanislav Kovalev | Kento Nakamura |
| 2012 | Istanbul | Jason Brown | Alexander Petrov | Nam Nguyen |
| 2023 | Istanbul | Seo Min-kyu | Rio Nakata | Daiya Ebihara |
| 2024 | Ankara | Jacob Sanchez | Shunsuke Nakamura | Arlet Levandi |
| 2025 | Ankara | | | |

### Women's singles

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2009 | Istanbul | Kiri Baga | Sofia Biryukova | Christina Gao |
| 2012 | Istanbul | Leah Keiser | Park So-youn | Satoko Miyahara |
| 2023 | Istanbul | Ami Nakai | Rena Uezono | Kim Yu-jae |
| 2024 | Ankara | Kim Yu-seong | Ami Nakai | Stefania Gladki |
| 2025 | Ankara | | | |

### Pairs

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2023 | Istanbul | Anastasiia Metelkina Luka Berulava | Olivia Flores Luke Wang | Jazmine Desrochers Kieran Thrasher |
| 2024 | Ankara | Jazmine Desrochers Kieran Thrasher | Olivia Flores Luke Wang | Sae Shimizu Lucas Tsuyoshi Honda |
| 2025 | Ankara | | | |

### Ice dance

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2009 | Istanbul | Ksenia Monko Kirill Khaliavin | Ekaterina Pushkash Jonathan Guerreiro | Isabella Cannuscio Ian Lorello |
| 2012 | Istanbul | Alexandra Stepanova Ivan Bukin | Shari Koch Christian Nüchtern | Madeline Edwards Zhao Kai Pang |
| 2023 | Istanbul | Mariia Pinchuk Mykyta Pogorielov | Yahli Pedersen Jeffrey Chen | Gina Zehnder Beda Leon Sieber |
| 2024 | Ankara | Darya Grimm Michail Savitskiy | Iryna Pidgaina Artem Koval | Hana Maria Aboian Daniil Veselukhin |
| 2025 | Ankara | | | |
# Oleg Leonidovich Kryzhanovsky

Oleg Leonidovich Kryzhanovsky (28 May 1918, Ekaterinburg – 15 June 1997) was a Soviet entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera especially Carabidae and Histeridae. Kryzhanovsky published more than 250 scientific works including 6 monographs (for list see External Link). He described 135 new species of beetles.
Kryzhanovskiana olegi (Kataev et al., 2019), an extinct species of ground beetle from the Cretaceous Burmese amber, is named after Kryzhanovsky.
# Mike Walker (tennis)

Michael Walker (born 21 April 1966) is a former professional tennis player from Wales who competed for Great Britain and Hong Kong.

## Professional playing career

Walker, who grew up in Colwyn Bay, was given a wild card into the 1986 Wimbledon Championships and lost his opening round match, which went five sets, to Swiss player Claudio Mezzadri. He returned to Wimbledon the following year, this time competing in the men's doubles, partnering Stephen Botfield. The pair were beaten in the first round by Glenn Layendecker and Glenn Michibata. He was a member of the Great Britain Davis Cup squad in 1987, although he wasn't called on to play a match. In the 1988 Wimbledon Championships he played mixed doubles with Joy Tacon, but was again unable to reach the second round.

## Coaching

The next part of his career was spent in Hong Kong, where he was involved in coaching. From 1988 to 1990 he was national coach of the Hong Kong Sports Institute and he was then coaching director of the Hong Kong Tennis Association, until 1994. During this time he also represented Hong Kong in the Davis Cup (both as a player and captain). Walker took part in eight ties, winning 10 of his 15 singles rubbers and five of his eight doubles rubbers. He and Mark Bailey are the most successful ever doubles pairing for Hong Kong, with a 4–1 record.
He is now running his own tennis academy in the United Kingdom.
# Chang Wook-jin

Mr. Wook-Jin Chang has been serving as the Chief of the NGO Branch within the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), United Nations since March 2022.
With more than 25-year career as a diplomat for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea, Mr. Chang brings extensive experience in both multilateral and bilateral diplomacy, as well as a deep understanding of the United Nations system.
Prior to his current role, Mr. Chang held the position of Director-General for International Organizations at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He also served as Minister-Counsellor and Political Coordinator at the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations. His diplomatic career includes postings at Korean embassies in Washington, D.C., Costa Rica, and Saudi Arabia.
Mr. Chang was Special Assistant and Chief of Office to the former Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, where he supported key initiatives and high-level engagements.
Mr. Chang holds a Bachelor’s degree in Anthropology from Seoul National University, South Korea, and a Master’s degree in Public Policy from the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, USA.
# Aegiphila cordifolia

Aegiphila cordifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is endemic to Peru, where it occurs in the Amazon rainforest. It is sometimes found in disturbed habitat.
# Henry Roan

Henry Roan or E-Stah-mo-sah (1881 — February 6/8, 1923) was an Osage man murdered during the Osage Indian murders. William King Hale was convicted as the mastermind of the most notorious of these murders—that of Roan. His murder led to the U.S. Supreme Court case United States v. Ramsey (1926).
William Belleau portrayed Roan in the 2023 film Killers of the Flower Moon.

## Biography

Henry Roan was born E-Stah-mo-sah in Indian Territory (which became Oklahoma) and raised in an Osage family from Hominy, Oklahoma. He attended the Carlisle Indian Industrial School between September 21, 1899, and June 21, 1904. Roan married Mollie Kyle in a traditional and arranged Osage marriage when he was 15. Shortly after the marriage he returned to Carlisle Indian Industrial School and they each remarried.
During Roan's lifetime, most Osage people were considered legally incompetent by the United States and required to have a guardian. Roan's guardian was Fred G. Drummond of the Oklahoma Drummond family. Roan owned several 160-acre (65-hectare) parcels of land which were mostly sold to his guardian. Roan was an alcoholic.
Roan married his second wife, Addie James, after returning from Carlisle. Addie died of tuberculosis and he remarried Mary Bunch. He was murdered on February 6 (or 8th), 1923. Roan was found in his Buick, with a gunshot wound to the back of his head. William King Hale held a $25,000 life insurance policy on Roan. Hale had referred to Roan as a "good friend" and served as a pallbearer at his funeral. Hale was convicted in federal court on October 29, 1929, for the murder of Roan and sent to the Leavenworth Penitentiary in Kansas.