# List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 294

This is a list of cases reported in volume 294 of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1935.

## Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of volume 294 U.S.

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices). Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).
When the cases in volume 294 were decided the Court comprised the following nine members:
| Justice | Office | Home State | Succeeded | Date confirmed by the Senate (Vote) | Tenure on Supreme Court |
| Charles Evans Hughes | Chief Justice | New York | William Howard Taft | February 13, 1930 (52–26) | February 24, 1930 – June 30, 1941 (Retired) |
| Willis Van Devanter | Associate Justice | Wyoming | Edward Douglass White (as Associate Justice) | December 15, 1910 (Acclamation) | January 3, 1911 – June 2, 1937 (Retired) |
| James Clark McReynolds | Associate Justice | Tennessee | Horace Harmon Lurton | August 29, 1914 (44–6) | October 12, 1914 – January 31, 1941 (Retired) |
| Louis Brandeis | Associate Justice | Massachusetts | Joseph Rucker Lamar | June 1, 1916 (47–22) | June 5, 1916 – February 13, 1939 (Retired) |
| George Sutherland | Associate Justice | Utah | John Hessin Clarke | September 5, 1922 (Acclamation) | October 2, 1922 – January 17, 1938 (Retired) |
| Pierce Butler | Associate Justice | Minnesota | William R. Day | December 21, 1922 (61–8) | January 2, 1923 – November 16, 1939 (Died) |
| Harlan F. Stone | Associate Justice | New York | Joseph McKenna | February 5, 1925 (71–6) | March 2, 1925 – July 2, 1941 (Continued as chief justice) |
| Owen Roberts | Associate Justice | Pennsylvania | Edward Terry Sanford | May 20, 1930 (Acclamation) | June 2, 1930 – July 31, 1945 (Retired) |
| Benjamin N. Cardozo | Associate Justice | New York | Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. | February 24, 1932 (Acclamation) | March 14, 1932 – July 9, 1938 (Died) |

## Notable Cases in 294 U.S.
### Jurney v. MacCracken

In Jurney v. MacCracken, 294 U.S. 125 (1935), the Supreme Court held that Congress has an implicit power to find a person in contempt of Congress.

### Gold Clause cases

The Gold Clause Cases (Norman v. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, with United States v. Bankers' Trust Company, 294 U.S. 240 (1935); Nortz v. United States 294 U.S. 317 (1935); and Perry v. United States, 294 U.S. 330 (1935)) were a series of matters in which the Supreme Court narrowly upheld restrictions on the ownership of gold implemented by the administration of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression.

### Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc.

In Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc., 294 U.S. 511 (1935), the Supreme Court held that a state may not regulate intrastate prices by prohibiting the importation of less expensive goods in interstate commerce. It established the principle that one state, in its dealings with another, cannot place itself in economic isolation.

### Scottsboro Boys cases

The notorious Scottsboro Boys cases (Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587 (1935); and Patterson v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 600 (1935)) arose from
charges against nine African American teenagers and young men, ages 13 to 20, accused in Alabama of raping two white women in 1931. The landmark set of legal cases from this incident dealt with racism and the right to a fair trial. The cases included a lynch mob before the suspects had been indicted, all-white juries, rushed trials, death sentences, and disruptive mobs. It is commonly cited as an example of a legal injustice in the United States legal system. On appeal the Supreme Court ruled that African Americans had to be included on juries, and ordered retrials of the young men.

## Federal court system

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.
The Judiciary Act of 1891 created the United States Courts of Appeals and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts. The Act created nine new courts that were originally known as the "United States Circuit Courts of Appeals." The new courts had jurisdiction over most appeals of lower court decisions. The Supreme Court could review either legal issues that a court of appeals certified or decisions of court of appeals by writ of certiorari. On January 1, 1912, the effective date of the Judicial Code of 1911, the old Circuit Courts were abolished, with their remaining trial court jurisdiction transferred to the U.S. District Courts.

## List of cases in volume 294 U.S.

| Case name | Citation | Opinion of the Court | Vote | Concurring opinion or statement | Dissenting opinion or statement | Procedural jurisdiction | Result |
| Smith v. Snow | 294 U.S. 1 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (8th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Waxham v. Smith | 294 U.S. 20 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (9th Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| McCrea v. United States | 294 U.S. 23 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Central Vermont Transportation Company v. Durning, Collector of Customs | 294 U.S. 33 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Keystone Driller Company v. Northwestern Engineering Corporation | 294 U.S. 42 (1935) | Roberts | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | judgments affirmed |
| United States ex rel. Chicago and Great Western Railroad Company v. Interstate Commerce Commission | 294 U.S. 50 (1935) | Roberts | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (D.C. Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Western Ohio Gas Company v. Public Utility Commission of Ohio I | 294 U.S. 63 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | Stone (opinion) | none | appeal from the Ohio Supreme Court (Ohio) | decree reversed, and cause remanded |
| Western Ohio Gas Company v. Public Utility Commission of Ohio II | 294 U.S. 79 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the Ohio Supreme Court (Ohio) | decree reversed, and cause remanded |
| Detroit International Bridge Company v. Corporation Tax Appeal Board of Michigan | 294 U.S. 83 (1935) | McReynolds | 9-0 | Stone and Cardozo (without opinions) | none | appeal from the Michigan Supreme Court (Mich.) | judgment affirmed |
| Fox v. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey | 294 U.S. 87 (1935) | Cardozo | 5-4 | none | VanDevanter, McReynolds, Sutherland, and Butler (without opinions) | appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia (S.D.W. Va.) | decree reversed, and cause remanded |
| Mooney v. Holohan | 294 U.S. 103 (1935) | per curiam | 9-0 | none | none | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (9th Cir.) | leave to file for habeas corpus denied |
| Lerner v. First Wisconsin National Bank of Milwaukee | 294 U.S. 116 (1935) | McReynolds | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | judgment affirmed (one case); judgment reversed (one case) |
| Wilber National Bank of Oneonta v. United States | 294 U.S. 120 (1935) | McReynolds | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Jurney v. MacCracken | 294 U.S. 125 (1935) | Brandeis | 8-0[a] | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (D.C. Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Helvering, Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Grinnell | 294 U.S. 153 (1935) | Sutherland | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Forrest v. Jack | 294 U.S. 158 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (10th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Seabury v. Green | 294 U.S. 165 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the Court of Common Pleas for Sumter County, South Carolina (Sumter Cnty. Com. Pl.) | judgment reversed |
| Wiloil Corporation v. Pennsylvania | 294 U.S. 169 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court (Pa.) | judgment affirmed |
| Pennsylvania v. Williams | 294 U.S. 176 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (3d Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Gordon, Secretary of Banking of Pennsylvania v. Ominsky | 294 U.S. 186 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (3d Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Penn Central Casualty Company v. Pennsylvania ex rel. Schnader, Attorney General | 294 U.S. 189 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court (Pa.) | judgment reversed |
| Domenech, Treasurer of Puerto Rico v. National City Bank of New York | 294 U.S. 199 (1935) | Roberts | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (1st Cir.) | judgment affirmed, and cause remanded |
| Douglas v. Cunningham | 294 U.S. 207 (1935) | Roberts | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (1st Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Clark v. Williard | 294 U.S. 211 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the Montana Supreme Court (Mont.) | decree affirmed |
| Jennings v. United States Fidelity and Guarantee Company | 294 U.S. 216 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | decree reversed, and cause remanded |
| Old Company's Lehigh, Inc. v. Meeker | 294 U.S. 227 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | decree affirmed |
| Adams v. Champion | 294 U.S. 231 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | decree reversed, and cause remanded |
| Norman v. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company and United States v. Bankers' Trust Company | 294 U.S. 240 (1935) | Hughes | 5-4 | none | McReynolds, VanDevanter, Sutherland, and Butler (see McReynolds's dissenting opinion in Perry v. United States, below) | certiorari to the New York Supreme Court (N.Y. Sup. Ct.); certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (8th Cir.) | judgment affirmed (one case); decrees affirmed (two cases) |
| Nortz v. United States | 294 U.S. 317 (1935) | Hughes | 5-4 | none | McReynolds, VanDevanter, Sutherland, and Butler (see McReynolds's dissenting opinion in Perry v. United States, below) | certified question from the United States Court of Claims (Ct. Cl.) | certified question answered |
| Perry v. United States | 294 U.S. 330 (1935) | Hughes | 5-4 | Stone (opinion) | McReynolds (opinion; joined by VanDevanter, Sutherland, and Butler) | certified question from the United States Court of Claims (Ct. Cl.) | certified question answered |
| McCrea v. United States | 294 U.S. 382 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | re-argument denied |
| Cooney, Governor of Montana v. Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Company | 294 U.S. 384 (1935) | Hughes | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Montana (D. Mont.) | decree affirmed |
| Aktieselskabet Cuzco v. The Sucarseco | 294 U.S. 394 (1935) | Hughes | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | decree affirmed |
| Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway Company v. Walters | 294 U.S. 405 (1935) | Brandeis | 6-2[a] | none | Stone and Cardozo (joint short statement) | appeal from the Tennessee Supreme Court (Tenn.) | judgment reversed, and cause remanded |
| Miller v. United States | 294 U.S. 435 (1935) | Sutherland | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (5th Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Manufacturers' Financial Company v. McKey | 294 U.S. 442 (1935) | Sutherland | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Schoenamsgruber v. Hamburg America Line | 294 U.S. 454 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (9th Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Great Northern Railroad Company v. Sullivan | 294 U.S. 458 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (8th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Paramount Publix Corporation v. American Tri-Ergon Corporation | 294 U.S. 464 (1935) | Stone | 8-0[b] | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Altoona Publix Theatres, Inc. v. American Tri-Ergon Corporation | 294 U.S. 477 (1935) | Stone | 8-0[b] | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (3d Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| The Ansaldo San Giorgio I v. Rheinstrom Brothers Company | 294 U.S. 494 (1935) | Roberts | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (2d Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| United States v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Company | 294 U.S. 499 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (N.D. Ill.) | decree affirmed |
| Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc. | 294 U.S. 511 (1935) | Cardozo | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (S.D.N.Y.) | decree affirmed (one case); decree reversed, and cause remanded (one case) |
| Swinson v. Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway Company | 294 U.S. 529 (1935) | Brandeis | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (8th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
| Alaska Packers Association v. Industrial Accident Commission of California | 294 U.S. 532 (1935) | Stone | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the California Supreme Court (Cal.) | judgment affirmed |
| Stewart Dry Goods Company v. Lewis | 294 U.S. 550 (1935) | Roberts | 6-3 | none | Cardozo (opinion; joined by Brandeis and Stone) | appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky (W.D. Ky.) | judgment reversed |
| Metropolitan Casualty Insurance Company v. Brownell | 294 U.S. 580 (1935) | Stone | 5-4 | none | VanDevanter, McReynolds, Sutherland, and Butler (joint brief statement) | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | judgment affirmed |
| Norris v. Alabama | 294 U.S. 587 (1935) | Hughes | 8-0[a] | none | none | certiorari to the Alabama Supreme Court (Ala.) | judgment reversed, and cause remanded |
| Patterson v. Alabama | 294 U.S. 600 (1935) | Hughes | 8-0[a] | none | none | certiorari to the Alabama Supreme Court (Ala.) | judgment vacated |
| Semler v. Oregon Board of Dental Examiners | 294 U.S. 608 (1935) | Hughes | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the Oregon Supreme Court (Or.) | judgment affirmed |
| Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company v. Kansas Highway Commission | 294 U.S. 613 (1935) | McReynolds | 9-0 | Stone and Cardozo (without opinions) | none | appeal from the Kansas Supreme Court (Kan.) | judgment reversed, and cause remanded |
| Henry L. Doherty and Company v. Goodman | 294 U.S. 623 (1935) | McReynolds | 9-0 | none | none | appeal from the Iowa Supreme Court (Iowa) | judgment affirmed |
| Broderick, Superintendent of Banks of New York v. Rosner | 294 U.S. 629 (1935) | Brandeis | 8-1 | none | Cardozo (without opinion) | appeal from the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals (N.J.) | judgment reversed |
| Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company v. Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Company | 294 U.S. 648 (1935) | Sutherland | 8-0[b] | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (7th Cir.) | decree affirmed |
| Helvering, Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Inter-Mountain Life Insurance Company | 294 U.S. 686 (1935) | Butler | 9-0 | none | none | certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (10th Cir.) | judgment reversed |
    [a] McReynolds took no part in the case
    [b] Brandeis took no part in the case