OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bocydium globulare

The Brazilian treehopper (Bocydium globulare) is a species of insect belonging to the treehopper family (Membracidae). It has unusual appendages on its thorax. While Bocydium can be found throughout the world, they are most prevalent in Africa, North and South America, Asia and Australia. They exhibit limited movement and their primary food source is from the underside of leaves. They also exhibit hemimetabolous development. Treehoppers range from about two millimeters to two centimeters in length.

## Diet

The nymphs feed on the underside of leaves. They are deemed "sap sucking" insects because the nymph gets its nutrition from the sap of the leaves.

## Life cycle

Plants are essential for the Brazilian treehopper's life cycle. There are numerous ways that these females can lay their eggs. One common method used is to lay the egg directly inside the tissue of the plant. Some females also will lay the egg on the plant's surface. This species in particular has hemimetabolous development, where they begin as an egg, growing into a nymph, reaching the adult maturation.

## Appendages

This species has very apparent, globular appendages coming out of its thorax. Entomologists are still not certain about the exact purpose of these appendages; however, it has been proposed that the appendages protect them by deterring their predators.
# Józef Beim

Józef Beim (April 13, 1937 - April 30, 1987) was a Polish major general of the Milicja Obywatelska and a PhD in economics at the Kraków University of Economics.

## Biography

He was born in the village of Klaniny as the son of Edmund and Eleonora. From 1956 he was an officer of the Citizens' Militia. In the years 1956-1957 he studied at the Officers' School of the Citizens' Militia in Szczytno. From 1957 he was an officer of the Criminal Department of the Provincial Headquarters of the Citizens' Militia in Gdańsk. From 1960 he was deputy district commander in Puck, from 1962 district commander of the MO in Tczew, from 1966 city and district commander in Elbląg. From 1970 city commander in Gdynia, from 1973 city commander in Kraków, and from 1975 deputy provincial commander in Kraków. From 1978 he was deputy commander-in-chief, and from October 1981 he was commander-in-chief of the Citizens' Militia. Graduate of the Faculty of Industrial Economics at the University of Gdańsk. Brigadier general of the MO since 1979, and Major general of the MO since 1984. He received both nominations in the Belweder Palace from the hands of the chairman of the Council of State of the Polish People's Republic, Henryk Jabłoński.
Member of the Polish United Workers' Party since 1958. In the years 1973–1975 member of the Committee for Public Security and Order of the Provincial Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party in Kraków. At the 10th Congress of the Polish United Workers' Party in 1986 elected to the Central Control and Audit Commission of the Polish United Workers' Party.
He died on 30 April 1987 and was buried on 4 May 1987 at the Powązki Military Cemetery in Warsaw.

## Awards and decorations

* Order of the Banner of Labour, 2nd Class (1986)
* Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1979)
* Knight's cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1974)
* Gold Cross of Merit (1969)
* Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms" (USSR, 1983)
# Pennsylvania Route 436

Pennsylvania Route 436 (PA 436) is a 1.969-mile-long (3.169 km) state highway located in Jefferson County in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 119 (US 119) near Punxsutawney. The northern terminus is at PA 36 in Punxsutawney. PA 436 was assigned in the 1928 numbering of roads in Pennsylvania and not paved until 1932. The road's other lone major intersection on PA 436 is for State Route 3010 (SR 3010). The route is highly elevated for most of its length, reaching as high as 1,500 feet (460 m).

## Route description

PA 436 begins at an intersection with US 119 in Punxsutawney. A park and ride lot is located at the southwest corner of the intersection. The elevation of the highway is at about 1,500 feet (460 m) high. The route goes northward, parallelling US 119 for most of its length. The highway intersects with SR 3010 (Sportsburg Road), which heads westward and ends in the small village of Sportsburg. PA 436 continues northward, intersecting with local roads and beginning to go down in elevation. There it enters downtown Punxsutawney and terminates at an intersection with PA 36 (West Main Street).

## History

PA 436 was signed along its current routing in 1928, like most routes in Pennsylvania. The route then was not paved and this did not occur for another four years, when the road was paved in 1932.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Jefferson County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Young Township | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 119 – Indiana | Southern terminus |
| Punxsutawney | 1.969 | 3.169 | PA 36 – Brookville | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Guilty Pleasure (EP)

Guilty Pleasure is the fourth extended play (EP) by American singer JoJo Siwa, released on July 12, 2024, via Columbia Records. It is her first EP following her Nickelodeon departure. The project consists of five songs and was preceded by the release of the lead single, "Karma". The title track was released as the EP's second single coinciding with its release. The EP has received mixed to negative reviews from critics and fans, who criticised the production, lack of artistic direction, songwriting and Siwa’s vocal performance.

## Background and release

In a post to her Instagram on June 30, Siwa revealed that she would release her debut EP, titled Guilty Pleasure, on July 12 via Columbia Records. The caption read:
   Get the f*** ready. Guilty Pleasure (Song & Official Music Video) coming in 13 days, That's not it ... There's actually 5 songs coming your way in 13 days. Guilty Pleasure my debut EP is available everywhere July 12th!!! The countdown is on.

## Composition and lyrics

The album is predominantly dance-pop, EDM, and electropop, evoking nostalgic sounds from 2012.

## Artwork

The artwork shows the singer in a high ponytail, wearing wraparound shades and jewels down the center of her face.

## Controversy

Fans of the rock band Tool heavily criticized Siwa and accused her of stealing the band's "wrench design" for her own merch for the EP.

## Track listing

The EP contains five tracks.

## Release history

Release history and formats for Guilty Pleasure :
| Region | Date | Label | Format |
| Various | July 12, 2024 | Columbia | Digital downloadstreaming |
# Crèvecœur chicken

The Crèvecœur (French pronunciation:) is an endangered historic breed of crested chicken from the Pays d'Auge, in the Calvados département of Normandy, in north-western France. It is named after the commune of Crèvecœur-en-Auge. It is related to the La Flèche and to other Norman breeds such as the Caumont and Caux and the extinct Pavilly; the Merlerault was formerly considered a sub-type of the Crèvecœur.

## History

The Crèvecœur is among the oldest French breeds of chicken; its origins are unknown. It takes its name from the commune of Crèvecœur-en-Auge, near Lisieux in the historic region of the Pays d'Auge, in the Calvados département of Normandy. Crèvecoeur chickens won prizes at the Exposition Universelle of 1855 in Paris.$^{:37}$ The breed was described in detail by Louis Bréchemin in 1894, but the breed standard was not accepted by the Société d’Aviculture de Basse-Normandie until 1909.
The Crèvecœur was reared in the United Kingdom from the mid-nineteenth century,$^{:92}$ and was added to the Standard of Perfection of the American Poultry Association in 1874.
The French population of the breed suffered during both the First and Second World Wars; after the latter, it was thought to have virtually disappeared. Recovery was begun in 1976 by Jean-Claude Périquet. In 1995 numbers were reported to be between 100 and 1000 individuals; in 2007 the breed was classified by the FAO as "endangered".$^{:152}$
Bantam versions were separately developed in the United States from about 1960, and in Germany towards 2000.$^{:92}$

## Characteristics

The Crèvecœur has a crest similar to that of the Houdan breed. Unlike the Houdan, it is four-toed and has a V-shaped comb like that of the La Flèche.$^{:331}$
It is most commonly black, and this is the only colour variant recognised in the United Kingdom and in the United States.$^{:114}$ Three other colours are recognised in France: blue, white, and cuckoo.$^{:45}$ The face, comb, ear-lobes and wattles are bright red, the legs and feet slate blue or black. The beak is a dark horn colour, the eyes may be red or sometimes black.$^{:114}$

## Use

The Crèvecœur was traditionally kept as a dual-purpose chicken, raised both for its eggs and for its meat, which is of high quality.$^{:92}$ The eggs are white, and weigh about 55 g.$^{:37}$ It is now raised primarily for poultry exhibition.$^{:37}$
# Krasian Kolev

Krasian Kolev (Bulgarian: Красиан Колев; born 18 January 2004) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a winger for Botev Plovdiv.

## Career

Born in Razgrad, Krasian moved to Septemvri Sofia aged 14. Kolev scored his first league goal on top level on 21 August 2022 in a match against Beroe Stara Zagora. On 29 December 2022 he moved to Botev Plovdiv for an undisclosed transfer fee, which was a record fee for Septemvri leaving player. He made his debut for the club in a league match against Cherno More, scoring the first goal in a 2–1 win.

## International career

In September 2022 Kolev was called up for Bulgaria U19 for the 2023 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification matches against Azerbaijan U19, Luxembourg U19 and Turkey U19.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 6 September 2022
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | League | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bulgaria | Bulgaria | Bulgaria | League | League | Bulgarian Cup | Bulgarian Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Septemvri Sofia | Second League | 2020–21 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 2 | 1 |
| Septemvri Sofia | Second League | 2021–22 | 32 | 2 | 3 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 35 | 2 |
| Septemvri Sofia | First League | 2022–23 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 8 | 4 |
| Septemvri Sofia | Total | Total | 45 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 4 |
| Career statistics | Career statistics | Career statistics | 45 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 4 |
* ↑ Includes Bulgarian Supercup matches.
# Florian Chmielewski

Florian W. Chmielewski Sr. (February 10, 1927 – April 23, 2024) was an American musician and politician. He played as an accordion player with the Chmielewski Family Funtime Band, performing polka music throughout the midwest.
Chmielewski was elected to the Senate in 1970, becoming chair of the employment committee in 1981. During a special session in 1987, Chmielewski was elected to serve as president, due to the absence of State Sen. Jerome M. Hughes, who both preceded and succeeded Chmielewski in the position. In 1996, Chmielewski was placed on probation after pleading guilty to a gross misdemeanor for providing family members state long-distance access codes, allowing them to make phone calls at state expense.
Chmielewski appeared on the weekly television show, Chmielewski Funtime, for over 35 years. He continued performing with his band up until his death on April 23, 2024, at the age of 97.
# Usman Jibrin

Usman Jibrin (1942 – 8 September 2011) was a Nigerian politician and military officer who served as the military governor of North-Central State (present-day Kaduna State) from July 1975 to 1977 during the military regime of General Murtala Mohammed.

## Background

Jibrin was born in 1942 in Nasarawa local government of Nasarawa State. He attended Abuja Middle School and Government College Kaduna in the early 1960s. He started work at Radio Television, Kaduna. Jibrin joined the Nigerian Air Force in 1963, retiring in 1978. He received training in Canada as a pilot and an instructor, followed by training and conversion courses in Germany on jet fighters. He was also trained in the Soviet Union as a fighter pilot and instructor, and received staff training in the United Kingdom.

## Air force career

Jibrin held commands in most of the Nigerian Air Force bases in the country. During the Nigerian Civil War he mostly flew smaller airplanes until later in the war when it became possible to get more advanced fighters from the Soviet Union. Jibrin was one of the air force officers who assisted with the July 1975 coup that brought General Murtala Muhammed to power, providing airfield and airspace security and military airlift. In his maiden address on 30 July 1975, Murtala Mohammed said that Jibrin had been appointed military governor of North Central State of Kaduna, later renamed to Kaduna State.
Jibrin retired from his post as governor and from the air force due to disagreements with the Head of State, General Olusegun Obasanjo. The cause was the take-over by the Federal government of universities and other institutions, such as the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria, Kaduna, which Jibrin believed to be the property of the state.

## Later career

Jibrin was appointed chairman of the Green Revolution in Benue-Plateau State. Later he became Chairman of Nigerian Productive Research Institute, Ilorin and Chairman of Jos Steel Rolling Mill, from where he resigned after finding "discrepancies". Thereafter, he devoted himself mostly to Islamic activities. He became Chairman of Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank. In 2010, he was Chairman of Nasarawa Community Bank and treasurer to the Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs. He was a member of the board of directors of Jaiz International Bank. He died on 8 September 2011.
# Puerto Rico Highway 206

Puerto Rico Highway 206 (PR-206) is a connector in Cayey, Puerto Rico that bypasses the downtown area of Cayey, making easier for drivers who do not want to access the congested area of the business center to directly go from Puerto Rico Highway 1 to Puerto Rico Highway 14 to Aibonito, Puerto Rico. Like Puerto Rico Highway 203 and future Puerto Rico Highway 204, PR-206 has two lanes per direction and is about 1.8 km long.

## Major intersections

The entire route is located in Cayey.
| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Matón Arriba | 0.0 | 0.0 | PR-1 | Seagull intersection; southern terminus of PR-206; access to Caguas and Salinas |
| Matón Arriba | 0.0– 0.1 | 0.0– 0.062 | PR-170 – Cantera | Southern terminus of PR-170; access to Cayey Centro; unsigned |
| Cayey barrio-pueblo | 1.8 | 1.1 | PR-14 | Northern terminus of PR-206; access to Cayey Centro and Aibonito |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Pennsylvania Route 437

Pennsylvania Route 437 (PA 437) is an 11.2-mile-long (18.0 km) state highway located in Luzerne County in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at PA 940 in White Haven. The northern terminus is at PA 309 in the Fairview Township community of Mountain Top. PA 437 runs southeast-northwest through forested mountain areas as a two-lane undivided road. The roadway was paved by 1930 and designated PA 437 in the 1960s.

## Route description

PA 437 begins at an intersection with PA 940 in the borough of White Haven, heading north on two-lane undivided Church Street. The route passes homes and some businesses before crossing into Dennison Township and becoming an unnamed road. At this point, the road runs through a mix of farmland and woodland. Farther northwest, PA 437 heads through forested mountain areas and passes under the Reading Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad's Lehigh Division line before entering Wright Township. Here, the road becomes Woodlawn Avenue and crosses through a tract of the Pinchot State Forest, making a turn to the north and running a short distance to the east of the railroad line. In this area, the road heads past a few residences as it continues into Fairview Township and winds north past more forests with occasional homes. PA 437 makes a turn to the northwest as it passes over the railroad tracks and comes to its northern terminus at PA 309 in the community of Mountain Top.

## History

When Pennsylvania first legislated routes in 1911, the present-day alignment of PA 437 was not given a route number. The highway between White Haven and Mountain Top was a paved road by 1930. PA 437 was designated in the 1960s to follow its current alignment between PA 940 in White Haven and PA 309 in Mountain Top.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Luzerne County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| White Haven | 0.000 | 0.000 | PA 940 (Church Street/Berwick Street) to I-80 – Blakeslee | Southern terminus |
| Fairview Township | 11.223 | 18.062 | PA 309 (North Mountain Boulevard) – Wilkes-Barre, Hazleton | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||

## PA 437 Truck

Pennsylvania Route 437 Truck was a truck route of PA 437 that bypassed a weight-restricted bridge over a tributary of Creasy Creek in Dennison Township, on which trucks over 28 tons and combination loads over 34 tons are prohibited. The route follows PA 940, I-80, and PA 309. It was signed in 2013. The bridge was completely reconstructed in 2017, and PennDOT removed all PA 437 Truck signs from the roads it followed.
# Mézidon Vallée d'Auge

Mézidon Vallée d'Auge (French pronunciation:, lit. 'Mézidon Valley of Auge') is a commune in the department of Calvados, northwestern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Mézidon-Canon (the seat), Les Authieux-Papion, Coupesarte, Crèvecœur-en-Auge, Croissanville, Grandchamp-le-Château, Lécaude, Magny-la-Campagne, Magny-le-Freule, Le Mesnil-Mauger, Monteille, Percy-en-Auge, Saint-Julien-le-Faucon and Vieux-Fumé. Mézidon station has rail connections to Argentan, Caen, Lisieux and Rouen.
# Białorzeczka

Białorzeczka, is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Giby, within Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Sejny and 105 km (65 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
From 1975-1998 the village was administratively governed by the Suwałki Voivodeship.

## History

In 1890 the population of the village was numbered at 40 people and 6 homes.
According to the First General Population Census carried out in 1921, Białorzeczko had 9 houses and was inhabited by 62 people. At that time, the village had a bi-national and bi-confessional character, as 51 inhabitants of the village declared Roman Catholicism, while the remaining 11 declared Old Believers' religion. The religious division of Białorzeczko's inhabitants coincided with their national-ethnic structure, as 51 people declared Polish nationality, while the remaining 11 declared Russian national identity.
# Synagogue Don Isaac Abravanel

The Synagogue Don Isaac Abravanel, also known as the Synagogue de la Roquette, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the XIe arrondissement of Paris, France. Designed by architects Alexandre Persitz and Arthur-Georges Héaume in the Modernist style, the synagogue was built in 1962 for Jews who emigrated to France from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia as a result of decolonization. The congregation worships in the Sephardi rite.

## History
### Establishment of the congregation

At the beginning of the 20th century, a number of Jews, principally from Turkey and Salonica with a small minority from Egypt, began settling in the neighborhood of la Roquette, principally around rue Popincourt and rue Sedaine. An oratory was founded in 1909, in the backroom of the cafe "Le Bosphore" on rue Sedaine, where the service took place in both Hebrew and Ladino. When the room became too cramped following further influx of new immigrants, the community built the Al Syete (the Seven) synagogue in 1913 at 7 rue Popincourt, on the site of a former cinema. The synagogue operated at this location until the 1960s.
In the neighborhood, the Jews specialized in the wholesale trade of linens (household linens and table linens). When the First World War broke out, many of the congregants decided to join the French Army. In June 1935 a monument was built at 84-86 rue de la Roquette to commemorate the Jewish volunteers who died for France in the war. The monument was inaugurated by French President Albert Lebrun.
Despite their enlistment in the French Army during the Great War, many Ottoman Jews were delivered to the Nazis by the Vichy regime during the Second World War. Several hundred families from the congregation were rounded up and died in the extermination camps.

### Current synagogue

Following the Liberation of Paris, the Sephardic Cult Association of Paris, which already owned land on rue de la Roquette, decided to raise the funds necessary to construct a new synagogue at the place where the previous monument was erected (84-86 rue de la Roquette). The new synagogue was named in honour of Isaac Abravanel, a philosopher and biblical commentator. The Ten Commandments are inscribed in French on the façade of the synagogue.
In 2014, the synagogue was subject to an antisemitic attack.
# Carlos Abdala

Carlos Abdala (1930–1976) was a Uruguayan politician and diplomat.

## Career

He served as Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. Later he was appointed Ambassador in Paraguay, a country where he was mistakenly assassinated by a Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood terrorist who reportedly believed he was shooting at the Yugoslav ambassador.

## Personal life

His son Pablo is currently a national representative.
# Totness Airstrip

Totness Airstrip (IATA: TOT, ICAO: SMCO) is an airport serving Totness, a town in and capital of the Coronie District in Suriname. This is one of the oldest airports in Suriname.
The marked runway is 500 metres (1,600 ft). Including overruns extends it to 700 metres (2,300 ft).

## Charters and destinations

Charter services for this airport are:
| Airlines | Destinations |
| Blue Wing Airlines | Charter: Paramaribo–Zorg en Hoop |
| Gum Air | Charter: Paramaribo–Zorg en Hoop |
| Hi-Jet Helicopter Services | Charter: Paramaribo–Zorg en Hoop |
| Coronie Aero Farming | Cropdusting:Coronie |
| Overeem Air Service | Cropdusting:Coronie |
# 20α-Dihydrotrengestone

20α-Dihydrotrengestone (20α-DHTG), also known as 20α-hydroxytrengestone, as well as 6-chloro-20(S)-hydroxy-9β,10α-pregna-1,4,6-trien-3-one, is a progestin and the major active metabolite of trengestone. It appears that trengestone is a prodrug of 20α-DHTG, as it is largely transformed into this metabolite when given orally in humans. 20α-DHTG has potent progestogenic activity similarly to trengestone.