OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shim (spacer)

A shim is a thin and often tapered or wedged piece of material, used to fill small gaps or spaces between objects. Shims are typically used in order to support, adjust for better fit, or provide a level surface. Shims may also be used as spacers to fill gaps between parts subject to wear.

## Materials

Many materials make suitable shim stock (also often styled shimstock), or base material, depending on the context: wood, stone, plastic, metal, or even paper (e.g., when used under a table leg to level the table surface). High quality shim stock such as laminated shims can be bought commercially, but shims are often created ad hoc from whatever material is immediately available.
Laminated shim stock is stacked foil that can be peeled off one layer at a time to adjust the thickness of the shim.

## Applications

In automobiles, shims are commonly used to adjust the clearance or space between two parts. For example, shims are inserted into or under bucket tappets to control valve clearances. Clearance is adjusted by changing the thickness of the shim.
In assembly and weld fixtures precision metal shims are used between two parts so that the final production parts are created within the product drawing's specified tolerances.
On machinery installations (pumps, motors, etc.) the recommended practice requires shims under every equipment support foot. This guarantees a flexibility for adjustments, like a slight raising or lowering of a motor, when parts of the machinery need to be replaced.
In carpentry, small pieces of wood may be used to align gaps between larger timbers.
In masonry, small stones may be used to align or fill gaps between larger bricks or slabs.
In luthiery, a thin strip of various materials (most often steel or wood) can be used beneath the nut or the saddle of a stringed instrument (such as a guitar, mandolin, ukulele or banjo) to raise the height of either. On guitars with a bolt-on or screwed-on neck, the angle of the neck can be adjusted by shimming. On some models a strip of sanding paper was routinely inserted during final adjustment at the factory. Guitarists have often used strips cut from business cards, credit cards or picks as shim material, while luthiery supply stores have started to sell specialized hardwood precision wedges for that purpose.
On printed circuit boards, special CPU shims are used to protect the central processing unit when installing a heat sink.
In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, "shimming an NMR magnet" is a procedure to generate homogeneous magnetic field along the sample volume to obtain pure Lorentzian line shapes of various resonances in the spectrum. This is accomplished by manual shimming of individual shims, or automatic shimming procedure.
Shims play a vital role in the construction industry, particularly in structural applications. They are essential for aligning and supporting heavy loads, contributing to the stability and safety of buildings and infrastructure. Common types used in construction include edge-bonded and peel-away shims, known for their precision and adaptability.
# Matthias Beckmann

Matthias Beckmann (born October 5, 1984) is a German jazz trumpeter and flugelhornist, instructor, composer and arranger.
Beckmann was born in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia and began playing trumpet in a trombone choire as a child. Then he studied music at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague and ArtEZ Conservatorium Enschede under Eric Vloeimans. He joined several master classes amongst others with Ack van Rooyen and Till Brönner.
Matthias Beckmann worked in projects with Dr. Ring-Ding, Roger Trash, Markus Wentz and the Soulband "Soulfamily". He plays a B5 trumpet and a BR2 fluegelhorn from Hub van Laar.

## Awards

* Winner at Jugend jazzt NRW (2005)

## Discography

* Mpenzi Wangu (2017 Mons Records)
# Henry Laufer

Henry B. Laufer (born 1945) is an American hedge fund manager, investor, mathematician, and philanthropist. He served as the Vice President of Research at Renaissance Technologies.

## Early life

Henry B. Laufer was born to a Jewish family in 1945. He received his PhD from Princeton University in 1965, studying with Robert Gunning.

## Career

Laufer joined the mathematics department at the State University of New York at Stony Brook as a faculty member in 1971. His research focused on complex variables and algebraic topology. He left Stony Brook in 1992 to join Renaissance Technologies. In 2015, a conference was held for his 70th anniversary at Tsinghua University in China.
Laufer co-founded the Medallion Fund with Jim Simons in 1988. Laufer served as chief scientist and vice president of research at Renaissance Technologies, its parent company. He now serves on its board of directors.
Laufer earned US$125,000,000 in 2008, during the financial crisis of 2007–2008. The following year, in 2009, he was named one of "Wall Street's Highest Earners" by Forbes, with an income of US$390,000,000.

## Philanthropy and political contributions

Laufer and his wife enabled the foundation of the Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology at Stony Brook University with a donation in 2008. The couple joined Jim and Marilyn Simons to endow the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, with an unrestricted $70 million gift in 2022. The school honored the donors by renaming the Institute to the Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute.
Laufer donated US$500,000 to Correct the Record, a political action committee that supported Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign, in February 2016. Meanwhile, in April 2016, Laufer and his wife organized a US$500-ticket fundraiser for Clinton in Florida. The couple also gave around $950,000 to Joe Biden's 2020 presidential campaign.

## Personal life

Laufer is married to Dr. Marsha Zlatin Laufer, a speech-language pathologist, philanthropist and political activist. She served as the chairwoman of the Democratic Party for the town of Brookhaven, New York from 2001 to 2009. The couple resides in Manalapan, Florida. They have 3 children.
As of 2023, Laufer's net worth was estimated at $2.6 billion by Forbes.

## Selected bibliography

* Laufer, Henry B. (1971), Normal two-dimensional singularities, Annals of Mathematics Studies, 71, Princeton University Press
* Laufer, Henry B. (1977), "On minimally elliptic singularities", American Journal of Mathematics, 99 (6): 1257–1295, doi:10.2307/2374025, ISSN 0002-9327, JSTOR 2374025
* Laufer, Henry B. (1972), "On rational singularities", American Journal of Mathematics, 94 (2): 597–608, doi:10.2307/2374639, ISSN 0002-9327, JSTOR 2374639
# Harry and the Wrinklies

Harry and the Wrinklies is a children's novel written by British author Alan Temperley. The book was published in paperback in February 1998 by Scholastic. It was Temperley's second published novel, after Murdo's War in 1988. A sequel, Harry and the Treasure of Eddie Carver, was released in hardback in March 2004.

## Plot

When Harry's parents die in an unexplained accident, Harry has to go and live with his seemingly eccentric Great-Aunts. He's anxious about living with elderly relatives, but relieved to escape his cruel nanny, whom he nicknamed Gestapo Lil. He soon realises that the ancient aunts aren't as doddering as he first thought. When he finds out their secret, he likens them to Robin Hood and his Merry Men. However beastly Priestly, their next door neighbour is sneaking round Lagg Hall, making trouble. When he turns up with his new fiancée, Gestapo Lil, it is time for the Wrinklies to take action, along with their newest recruit, Harry.

## TV Adaptation

The book was adapted into a TV series of the same name which ran from 1999 until 2002 on CITV. The TV series was rerun in 2009 on STV's weekend kids' TV block wknd@stv.

## Film adaptation

In April 2020, Disney announced that Stephen Mangan, who had previously voiced an audiobook of Harry and the Wrinklies, had been signed up to write a live action feature film adaptation of the book.
# William Mackworth Praed

William Mackworth Praed (3 November 1694 – 1752), born William Mackworth, was an English lawyer and politician.
He was the third son of Sir Humphrey Mackworth MP, and brother of Herbert Mackworth. He was educated at the Middle Temple.
His change of name was the result of an arranged marriage, although the sources disagree on who his wife was. Colburn records that he married Martha, the daughter of John Praed MP, and took Praed's name on marriage. However, Cruikshanks asserts that this deal fell through, and he married Ann Slaney, the daughter of a wealthy merchant from Bristol, in a deal between Sir Humphrey Mackworth and John Praed, by which half of Ann's dowry went to redeem Praed's debt, in return for which young William Mackworth took the name of Praed and was adopted as Praed's son and heir.
In 1733 he inherited from Praed the Trevethoe estate in Cornwall, which included the patronage of the parliamentary borough of St Ives, and at the 1734 general election he returned himself as Member of Parliament for St Ives. He did not stand again in 1741.
William Mackworth Praed had one daughter and three sons:
* Humphrey Mackworth Praed, MP for St Ives 1761–68
* Bulkeley Mackworth Praed
* William Mackworth Praed
# Maine State Route 187

State Route 187 (SR 187) is a 22.83-mile-long (36.74 km) V-shaped state highway in Maine that connects to U.S. Route 1 (US 1) at both ends; in Columbia Falls (western) and Jonesboro (eastern). SR 187 serves as the thorough route to Jonesport.

## Major junctions

The entire route is in Washington County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations |
| Columbia Falls | 0.00 | 0.00 | US 1 (Harrington Road) – Harrington, Machias |
| Jonesboro | 22.87 | 36.81 | US 1 (Harrington Road) – Ellsworth, Calais |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Geldona Morina

Geldona Morina (born 8 November 1993) is a Kosovan-born Albanian footballer who plays as a midfielder and has appeared for the Albania women's national team.

## Career

Morina appeared for the national team during the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualifying cycle.
# The Girl with the Hungry Eyes (1967 film)

The Girl with the Hungry Eyes is a 1967 film written and directed by William Rotsler. It contains an early film appearance by Charlotte Stewart and a dance scene by Pat Barrington.

## Plot

Kitty (Adele Rein) and Tigercat (Cathy Crowfoot) are two lesbians obsessed with one another.

## Cast

* Adele Rein
* Cathy Crowfoot
* Pat Barrington
* Charlotte Stewart
* William Rotsler
# Henry Pyrgos

Henry Benjamin Pyrgos (born 9 July 1989) is a former Scotland international rugby union player and now coach. He is an Assistant Coach at Boroughmuir. He previously played for Edinburgh Rugby in the United Rugby Championship; and is a centurion for Glasgow Warriors, winning the Pro12 title with the club in 2015.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

Pyrgos was drafted to Stirling County in the Scottish Premiership for the 2017-18 season.

### Professional career

Pyrgos played for Glasgow Warriors in the Pro14, making his first cap for the club in 2010, becoming Glasgow Warrior No. 184. He won the Pro12 title with the club in 2014-15. He was made co-captain of the side (with Jonny Gray) for the season 2016-17. The co-captaincy was scrapped by new head coach Dave Rennie for the 2017-18 season, though the scrum-half remained in the Warriors' leadership group. He played 147 matches for the Warriors before leaving the club at the end of season.
In July 2018 it was confirmed that Pyrgos would be moving to rival team Edinburgh Rugby for the prospect of more frequent game time.

### International career

Pyrgos has represented both Scotland Under 20 and Scotland A.
On 24 October 2012 Pyrgos was named in the full Scottish national team for the 2012 end-of-year rugby union tests.
On 6 November 2012, Pyrgos was announced as a substitute for the Scotland versus New Zealand match, the first of the end-of-year test series, and made his debut around a week later when he was brought on in the final five minutes of the match. The final score was 22–51.
Pyrgos's second cap appearance on 17 November was against South Africa at Murrayfield when he scored his first international try, however Scotland lost with a final score of 10–21. His third cap appearance was against Tonga on 24 November where he made the starting line up. This game was played in Pittodrie in Aberdeen and Scotland lost 15–21.

### Coaching career

On 16 July 2023 it was announced that Pyrgos would become an Assistant Coach at Boroughmuir.

## Business career

Pyrgos is starting a new career in finance and investment, alongside rugby coaching.
# Maine State Route 192

State Route 192 (SR 192) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways. It runs 20+1⁄4 miles (32.6 km) from an intersection with U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Machias to an intersection with SR 9 in Wesley. The route is also known as Northfield Road in Machias and Junior Williams Road in Wesley and has existed since 1925.

## Major junctions

The entire route is in Washington County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Machias | 0.00 | 0.00 | US 1 (Dublin Street / Main Street) – Calais, Ellsworth | |
| Machias | 0.22 | 0.35 | US 1A (Court Street) – Whiting, East Machias | Southbound one-way pair has a 0.06-mile (0.097 km) concurrency with US 1A |
| Wesley | 20.25 | 32.59 | SR 9 (Airline Road) – Crawford, Bangor | |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Émile-René Ménard

Émile-René Ménard (15 April 1862, in Paris – 13 January 1930, in Paris) was a French painter. From early childhood he was immersed in an artistic environment: Corot, Millet and the Barbizon painters frequented his family home, familiarizing him thus with both landscape and antique subjects.

## Biography

Ménard studied at the Académie Julian from 1880 after having been a student of Baudry, Bouguereau, and Henri Lehmann. He participated in the Salon of the Secession in Munich, and the Salon de la Libre Esthétique in Brussels during 1897. Several personal exhibitions were also devoted to him at the Georges Small Gallery. In 1904, he was appointed professor at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, and in that year welcomed the rising young Russian painter Boris Kustodiev, age 26, in his art studio.
In 1921, he exhibited in the Twelfth Salon along with Henri Martin and Edmond Aman-Jean. Galleries in Buffalo, New York and Boston, Massachusetts exposed Ménard and his art to the United States. However, the numerous commissions that Ménard received from the French government crowned his career; for example, the cycle for the Hautes Etudes à la Sorbonne, the Faculté de Droit, and the fresco Atoms for the Chemistry institute, and finally the Caise des Dépôts in Marseilles.
Ménard's art allies a rigorous, clear classicism with a diffuse and dreamlike brushwork. In 1894, Victor Soulier in L'Art et la Vie described Ménard's work as "visions of a pacified, bathed nature, of dawn and of twilight, where the soul seems to immerse itself in the innocence of daybreak, and breathe the divine anointment that comes with the dawn."
* The Wanderers
* Spring
* View of the Apennines
* The Three Graces, 1923
# Hell on Earth (film)

Hell on Earth (German: Niemandsland, lit. 'No Man's Land') is a 1931 German anti-war film directed by Victor Trivas. In France, The film is also known as No Man's Land.

## Plot summary

The film is mainly set in a dugout, formed from a basement, in the no man's land between the trenches and front lines during the First World War.
A ruined house is entered by a soldier stranded between the lines who then discovers an injured man trapped beneath a heavy beam in the basement. The man has no uniform and is rescued by him and another man who we finally realise are on different sides. The injured man cannot speak and is helped out by the other two. They try to leave and return to their own lines but are fired upon by both sides and so return to the safety of the basement.
More soldiers find the safe haven in between all the firing and death, with the credits listing the characters as The Englishman, The Frenchman, The Russian Jew, The Vaudevillian and The German. The storyline follows arguments and discussions between them and ends with them marching out together with a final commentary declaring the sentiment of peace "Marching forward. Defying their common enemy - WAR."

## Cast

* Ernst Busch as Ernst Kohler
* Vladimir Sokoloff as Lewin
* Renée Stobrawa as Frau Kohler
* Elisabeth Lennartz as Lewin's Bride
* Hugh Douglas as Charles Brown
* Louis Douglas as Joe Smile
* Zoe Frank as Mrs. Brown
* Georges Péclet as Charles Durand
* Rose-Mai as Frenchman's Sweetheart

## Soundtrack

Ernst Busch's version of "Der heimliche Aufmarsch" (The Secret Deployment) by Erich Weinert (poem) and Hanns Eisler (music) is played at the end of the film.
# Mike Tuck (basketball)

Mike Tuck is a Canadian/British former professional basketball player who primarily played for the Sheffield Sharks (2009-2022) in the British Basketball League.

## High school and college career

Born in Toronto, Canada, he attended Markham District High School before heading to Maine Central Institute to play for their prep school programme competing in the New England Preparatory School Athletic Council.
Tuck attended Loyola University Maryland where he played for the Loyola Greyhounds men's basketball under Jimmy Patsos.

## Professional career

In 2008, Tuck turned professional and had stops in Cyprus (ETHA Engomis), Luxembourg (B.B.C. Amicale Steesel), and France (Châlons-en-Champagne) before eventually signing with the Sheffield Sharks.
With the Sharks, Tuck collected 4 pieces of silverware, most famously the 2016 British Basketball League Playoff Final where he was named MVP after a 20 point, 13 rebound & 4 assist performance. He was also named to the British Team of the Year twice. Tuck is the Sharks longest serving player (13 seasons, 500 games through all competitions), longest serving captain (11 seasons), all-time scoring leader and all-time rebounds leader.
Tuck is a dual passport holder - Canadian \ British (mother was born in England). In 2018, he captained Basketball England at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
Since 2019, Tuck has been basketball broadcaster with Sky Sports, providing NBA and BBL coverage.
# Black Tie (band)

Black Tie was an American country rock supergroup formed by Jimmy Griffin, Randy Meisner, and Billy Swan. The group's first album, When the Night Falls, was produced by Reggie Fisher and released on LP in 1985 by Bench Records (BR-001) and reissued on CD in 1990 (BRCD-101). For the CD release the band recorded new versions of two tracks from the LP, "Learning the Game", a cover of the Buddy Holly song, and "Chain Gang", a cover of the Sam Cooke song. These tracks were released as a single, and "Learning the Game" reached #59 of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.
Griffin was formerly a member of the soft rock band Bread, and would later chart five country singles as one-third of The Remingtons. Meisner was formerly a member of Poco, Ricky Nelson's Stone Canyon Band, and the Eagles. Swan had several country hits in the 1970s, including the number one country and pop hit "I Can Help".
When Griffin left the group to form the Remingtons, the remaining members, Meisner and Swan, hooked up with Charlie Rich Jr., son and former bandleader for his famous father, and began recording in 1992 under the name Meisner, Swan & Rich. Ten tracks were released on an eponymous CD in April 2000 in Japan (2001 by Varese in the US and 2002 by Rev-Ola in the UK). The same ten songs were reissued in 2006 and 2008 under the title, The Eagle, the Dove and the Gold on the Sonic Past Music label.
In 2006, a 3-song EP was released as Black Tie Two with a version of the classic Christmas carol "Away in a Manger", which had been released to country radio as a Christmas single in the late 1980s. It also included the 1992 Meisner, Swan & Rich single "I'm Sure of You" and "Listen to the Radio".

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak positions |
| Title | Album details | US Country |
| When the Night Falls | Release date: 1985 Label: Bench Records | 65 |

### Extended plays

| Title | Album details |
| Black Tie Two | Release date: August 30, 2006 Label: Masteringpro |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions | Album |
| Year | Single | US Country | Album |
| 1990 | "Learning the Game" | 59 | When the Night Falls |
| 1991 | "Chain Gang" | — | When the Night Falls |
| 1992 | "I'm Sure of You" | — | Non-album single (as Meisner, Swan & Rich) |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart ||||
# Here I Am (Blue System album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
Here I Am is the thirteenth and last album of Blue System. It was published in 1997 by BMG Ariola and was produced by Dieter Bohlen. The album contains 11 new tracks. There were two single releases: "Anything" (November 1997) and "Love Will Drive Me Crazy" (January 1998).

## Track listing

| # | Title | Length |
| 1. | "Love Will Drive Me Crazy" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:35 |
| 2. | "Anything" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:42 |
| 3. | "I Miss You" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:47 |
| 4. | "I Love the Way You Are" (Dieter Bohlen) | 4:36 |
| 5. | "Don't Do That" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:45 |
| 6. | "Baby Believe Me" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:39 |
| 7. | "You Are Lyin'" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:47 |
| 8. | "C'est la vie" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:25 |
| 9. | "Every Day, Every Night" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:31 |
| 10. | "Shame Shame Shame" (Dieter Bohlen) | 3:40 |
| 11. | "I Believe You Are an Angel" (Dieter Bohlen) | 4:01 |

## Charts

| Chart (1997) | Peak position |
| Germany albums chart | 38 |
| Poland albums chart | 34 |
# Phyllis's Engine

Phyllis's Engine is a 2,517-metre (8,258-foot) granite pinnacle located in British Columbia, Canada.

## Description

Phyllis's Engine is set within Garibaldi Provincial Park and is part of the Garibaldi Ranges of the Coast Mountains. It is situated 71 km (44 mi) north of Vancouver, 1.26 km (1 mi) north-northwest of Mount Carr, and 700 meters (2,300 feet) south of line parent Castle Towers Mountain. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the west side of the peak drains to Garibaldi Lake, and the eastern slope drains to Cheakamus Lake. Topographic relief is significant as the west aspect rises 1,040 meters (3,410 feet) in 3 kilometers (1.9 miles).

## History

The peak is named after Phyllis Dyke (Mrs. Edward Beltz), a pioneering British Columbia Mountaineering Club member who thought the arrangement of pinnacles and spires resembled a 19th-century steam locomotive, so her fellow climbers jokingly referred to the landform as "Phyllis's Engine", circa 1914. The name was formally submitted by Karl Ricker in 1978 as recommended by Neal Carter of the BC Mountaineering Club, and contrary to popular belief, the name does not refer to Phyllis Munday. The toponym was adopted as "Phyllis' Engine" on March 9, 1979, and officially changed to "Phyllis's Engine" on January 6, 1995, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.
The first ascent of Phyllis's Engine was made in 1966 by F. Gratwhol and T. Kempter.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Phyllis's Engine is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports the Sphinx Glacier on the west slope and the Cheakamus Glacier on the east slope.

## Gallery

* Phyllis's Engine (lower left) and Mount Carr (upper right)
* Phyllis's Engine, centered, viewed from west summit of Castle Towers Mountain.
* Castle Towers Mountain (left of center), Phyllis's Engine (center), Mt. Carr (right) viewed from Garibaldi Lake. Phyllis's Engine can be seen best when image is enlarged to maximum degree.