OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maghrebi cuisine

Maghreb cuisine is the cooking of the Maghreb region, the northwesternmost part of Africa along the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of the countries of Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia. Well-known dishes from the region include couscous, pastilla, tajine and shakshouka.

## Origins

The cuisine of the Maghreb, the western region of North Africa, includes that of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia and Libya, and is by origin a mixture of Arabian, Berber and Mediterranean cuisines, with historic influences from Ottoman and European cuisines. The cuisines of Algeria, Tunisia and Libya and Morocco have also been influenced by French and Italian cuisine respectively.

## Cuisine

In Maghrebi cuisine, the most common staple foods are wheat (for khobz bread and couscous), fish, seafood, goat, lamb, beef, dates, almonds, olives and various vegetables and fruits.
Because the region is predominantly Muslim, halal meats are usually eaten. Most dishes are spiced.
The use of legumes, nuts, fruits and spices is very prominent. Salt-preserved lemons (l'hamd mrakad) and so-called "oil-cured" olives are distinctive elements of the cuisine.
The best-known Maghrebi dish abroad is couscous, made from wheat semolina. The tajine, a cooking vessel made of clay, is also a common denominator in this region, although the dishes and preparation methods vary widely. For example, a tajine in Tunisia is a baked quiche-like dish, whereas in Morocco it is a slow-cooked stew. Pastilla is also an important Andalusian dish of the region.

### Spices

Spices found in this region's cuisine are ginger, allspice, caraway, saffron, paprika, cloves, cumin, coriander, cayenne pepper and turmeric. Fresh peppermint, parsley, or coriander are also very common. Spice mixtures such as ras el hanout, baharat, and chili pastes like harissa (especially in Tunisia) are frequently used as well.

### Image gallery

* Couscous with vegetables, topped with tfaya and toasted almonds
* Brik with egg, tuna, onion and parsley
* Méchoui, a whole sheep, spit-roasted
* Shakshouka with egg
* Pastilla with meat
* Bread, baked the traditional way
* Moroccan tajine with bread and mint tea
* Ghoriba
# Eagle Mountain House

Eagle Mountain House is a historic resort hotel at 179 Carter Notch Road in Jackson, New Hampshire. Built in 1916 and enlarged in 1929, it is one of the few surviving grand mountain resort hotels in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. The hotel is currently a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

## Description and history

Eagle Mountain House stands close to the west side of Carter Notch Road (New Hampshire Route 16B), north of Jackson Village. It is set on the west side of a valley, with Eagle Mountain behind it and Black Mountain across the valley to the east. It is a large 3+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a basically U-shaped plan, with the base of the U parallel to the road and its legs extending to the west. It is covered by a gabled roof studded with both pedimented gable dormers and shed-roof dormers. Some of the upper-level windows have original diamond-pane sashes. A single-story porch, 220 feet (67 m) long, extends across the front, becoming two stories at the left end where the ground slopes away. The interior public spaces retain original finishes and features, including a working 1926 elevator.
The town of Jackson had by the 1840s developed a reputation as an artists colony, for the rugged scenery of the area. Tourism in the area expanded significantly with the arrival in the 1850s of the railroad at nearby Glen. By the 1880s Jackson had five large hotels, one of which was Eagle Mountain House. It was established in 1849 by Cyrus and Marcia Pinkham Gale, on land first settled by her ancestor, Captain Joseph Pinkham. Originally little more than a farmhouse, it was expanded to house as many as 125 guests before it was destroyed by fire in 1915.
The oldest portion of the present building was built in 1916 at the direction of the Gales' son, Arthur Pinkham Gale, who also drew the preliminary plans for the building. Construction was by Intervale contractor Roswell Ward. It is one of five remaining large-scale resort hotels built in the late 19th and early 20th century in New Hampshire, and the only one of five such hotels that was built in Jackson. It was doubled in size by an addition in 1929, and was fitted with the latest in modern amenities, including steam heat and an elevator. The hotel remained in the Gale family until 1973.
# Christian Donhauser

Leutnant Hans Christian Friedrich Donhauser was a German World War I flying ace credited with 19 aerial victories.

## Early life

Hans Christian Friedrich Donhauser was born in Harburg on 9 September 1894. He preferred use of the first name Christian.

## World War I aerial service

Donhauser began his flying career as a pilot in a photo reconnaissance and artillery direction unit, Feldflieger Abteilung (Field Flier Detachment) 10. He scored his first victory on 18 May 1918, while he was flying artillery spotting missions. On 13 June 1918, he received the Iron Cross First Class after being wounded in action. He then volunteered to fly fighter aircraft and underwent training at Jastaschule (fighter school) No. 1. After his graduation and posting to Jasta 17 as a Feldwebel in July 1918, he rapidly ran up a score. His second victory was on 20 August 1918; by the end of the month, his count was nine. He won twice more in September, and scored eight triumphs in October, with the last one on 23 October, just over two months after joining the jagdstaffel. On 9 October 1918, he was awarded the Military Merit Cross, which was the highest Prussian decoration for valor awarded to noncommissioned officers. At war's end, Donhauser was in the first detachment of German pilots to surrender their aircraft.

## Postwar life

On 30 December 1918, Donhauser was the subject of an article in the New York Times. It noted that he claimed to have shot down and killed Quentin Roosevelt, President Theodore Roosevelt's son. It also stated that at 94 pounds, he was the smallest aviator in the German air force.
Donhauser remained in military service in the diminished postwar Reichswehr. He was promoted to the officer's ranks as a Leutnant. While visiting Coblenz, he died in an airplane crash on 13 January 1919.

## Sources of information

* 1 2 3 4 "Hans Christian Friedrich Donhauser". www.theaerodrome.com. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
* 1 2 3 4 Franks et al 1993, p. 99.
* ↑ Note: German regulations mandated the award of the Second Class Iron Cross as a prerequisite for the First Class award.
* ↑ "World War I Military Medals and Decorations - Germany - Military Merit Cross [Prussia]". www.theaerodrome.com. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
* ↑ The New York Times article is at https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/12/30/97057338.pdf
# Abbaye Blanche

The Abbaye Blanche ("White Abbey") was a nunnery founded in 1112 in Mortain, France.
Shortly after establishing an abbey for men called Holy Trinity of Savigny, Saint Vitalis, founder of the monastic order of Savigny, set up the Abbaye Blanche for women, with his sister Adelina as abbess. The nuns of the Abbaye Blanche wore habits of undyed wool and followed a very strict interpretation of the Rule of Saint Benedict.
The church is built on a Latin cross floorplan of a central nave and a wide transept. The style is Early Gothic, though unfortunately only the chapter house, cellar and Romanesque cloister remain in their original 12th-century form.
The communities of Holy Trinity and the Abbaye Blanche joined the Cistercian order in 1147, as did the other 30 or so houses of the Order of Savigny.
Saint Adelina (died 1125) was a French Benedictine nun honored as a saint by the Catholic Church. She was a noblewoman of Normandy, the sister of Saint Vitalis. She became the abbess of the Benedictine convent Abbaye Blanche in Normandy, a religious community founded by her brother. Her feast day is celebrated on October 20.
# Summer Brenner

Summer Brenner (born March 17, 1945) is a writer and an activist. Brenner's works include short stories, novellas, noir crime, social justice youth novels, poetry, and a memoir.

## Works

Brenner's publications include Dust: A Memoir; Dancers and the Dance; My Life in Clothes; two noir novels with political themes, I-5 and Nearly Nowhere, also released in France as Presque nulle part through Gallimard's Série noire.
Brenner's youth novel, Richmond Tales, Lost Secrets of the Iron Triangle was also chosen as the first "One City, One Book" selection for the City of Richmond and selected by the California Teachers Association for Read Across America.
Oakland Tales, Lost Secrets of The Town received an award from the Oakland Heritage Alliance (OHA).
Her work, The Missing Lover, is three novellas with illustrations by Lewis Warsh. Her 2024 memoir Dust was featured in Literary Hub in June 2024.
Her literary papers are available at the University of Delaware's Special Collections.

## Community projects

Brenner is a member of the Retort collective and a participant in the Al-Mutanabbi Street Starts Here Project (2007–present), archived at the RBML, Columbia University.
Where We’re From is an inter-generational, cross-cultural oral history, poetry, and photography project for Richmond youth and their families in partnership with photographer Ruth Morgan and Community Works West.
# Tokha

Tokha (Nepali: टोखा) is a municipality in Kathmandu District in Bagmati Province of Nepal established 2 December 2014 by merging the former Village development committees Dhapasi, Jhor Mahankal, Gongabu, Tokha Chandeshwari and Tokha Saraswati. The municipality derives its name from the historical town of Tokha (current ward 2 and 3).

## Etymology

Tokha comes from two Newari words Tu, meaning 'sugarcane' and Khya meaning 'field'. Tokha is known for its production of chaku, a delicacy made from raw sugarcane juice.

## Population

Tokha has a total population of 99,032 according to 2011 Nepal census. There are 25,561 families in the municipality. The total male population is 48,323 and the female population is 50,909. The population of the municipality grew to 133,755 at the 2021 Nepal census. Around 99.4% of the residents were Nepali citizens and 91.1% were literate in 2021.

## Governance

Tokha was created as a municipality on 2 December 2014 after merging Dhapasi, Jhor Mahankal, Gongabu, Tokha Chandeshwari and Tokha Saraswati. Since 2017, Tokha has been divided into 11 wards. Each ward has four ward members, two male members, one female member and one minority member, and one ward chairperson who are elected for a five-year term. The municipality is headed by a directly elected mayor. Prakash Adhikari was the first directly elected mayor of the municipality, elected in May 2017. The current municipal council has 36 members from Nepal Communist Party and 21 members from Nepali Congress.

## Social Organization

There are many business or social organizations in Tokha Municapility. The List of Organization who are established for the change of the nation by youth. We believe for the change the Organization Is necessary in any part of Nation.
| SN | Organization Name | Type | Established | Nickname | Motto | Logo | Reference |
| 1 | Nepa Youth Club | Non-Profit Youth Social Organization | 2074 B.S | NYC | We Rise By Lifting Others. | Nepa Youth Club, Tokha | nepayouthclub.com.np |

## Sports

Shree Bhagwati Club, an amateur football club, which plays in the Martyr's Memorial B-Division League, is based in Tokha.
# New Mexico State Road 200

State Road 200 (NM 200) is a 8.410-mile-long (13.535 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 200's western terminus is at U.S. Route 285 (US 285) northwest of Carlsbad, and the eastern terminus is at US 62 and US 180 east of Carlsbad.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Eddy County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| ​ | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 285 | Western terminus |
| ​ | 8.410 | 13.535 | US 62 / US 180 | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# The Institute of Optometry

The Institute of Optometry is a centre for optometry, based in south London, England. It was established in 1922 as the London Refraction Hospital.

## History
### London Refraction Hospital

The London Refraction Hospital (LRH) was formed in October 1922, the first institute of its kind in the world. The first committee of management consisted of Owen Aves (Chairman), F.W. Bateman, J.H. Cuff, F.W. Dadd, G.E. Houghton and W. H. Nichols. The first secretary was F.T. Gregg. James Forrest, who was a surgeon oculist, was also involved in the founding.
The LRH was enlarged and re-modelled in October 1928 and re-opened in February 1929 by the Rt. Hon. the Countess of Mayo. In November 1938, the LRH was reconstituted by order of the Charity Commission.
The second Lord Charnwood was active in the management of the London Refraction Hospital after the second world war.
In 1985, it was suggested by Rishi Agarwal in 'Optometry Today' that in addition to making efforts for a Royal College of Optometrists, efforts should also be made for a Royal status for the LRH.

### Institute of Optometry

In 1988, the LRH changed its name to the Institute of Optometry.
In 2008, the Institute of Optometry, in partnership with London South Bank University, established a post-graduate Doctor of Optometry programme. This was the first professional doctorate in optometry by that description offered in the UK, that was distinct from a traditional PhD.
# Thomas Witherby

Thomas Witherby (1719 – 26 November 1797) was the founder of Witherby's, now known as the Witherby Publishing Group, one of the oldest publishing companies in the United Kingdom. In 1740, he opened a stationer's shop at 9 Birchin Lane, London next door to the Sword Blade coffee house. His shop initially sold parchment, paper and stamps. By the time of his death his shop was selling over 11,000 stamped skins annually.
The family business grew into a printing business, a publisher specializing in marine subjects, a bookshop and other businesses.
Thomas Witherby's records and those of his apprentices are held within the Records of London's Livery Companies as well in the London Metropolitan Archives. These include precedent books containing pro forma specimen court documents and forms written in his own hand.
In 1767 he was elected to the Council of the City of London Corporation representing Langbourn Ward.

## Personal life

He was married to Elizabeth Witherby (died 7 April 1800).
# Kalamaki beach (Crete)

Kalamaki beach, known as Kapelas, is located 6 km west of Ierapetra, near Nea Anatoli in Crete.
It is a quiet beach with fine sand and shallow waters. The beach is a few known mainly to locals, because is hidden from the road by tall cliffs and greenhouses that exist around it.
Kalamaki is an attendance area for turtles Caretta caretta.
# Ivan Ivanov

Ivan Ivanov may refer to:

## Sports

* Ivan Ivanov (archer) (born 1956), Bulgarian archer
* Ivan Ivanov (badminton) (born 1966), Bulgarian badminton player
* Ivan Ivanov (cross-country skier) (born 1987), Russian cross-country skier
* Ivan Ivanov (cyclist) (born 1960), Soviet racing cyclist
* Ivan Ivanov (footballer, born 1942) (1942–2006), Bulgarian international footballer
* Ivan Ivanov (footballer, born 1983), Bulgarian footballer
* Ivan Ivanov (footballer, born 1988), Bulgarian footballer
* Ivan Ivanov (footballer, born 1989), Bulgarian footballer
* Ivan Ivanov (gymnast) (born 1974), Bulgarian gymnast
* Ivan Ivanov (long jumper) (born 1938), Bulgarian long jumper, see 1962 European Athletics Championships – Men's long jump
* Ivan Ivanov (runner) (born 1948), Soviet middle-distance runner
* Ivan Ivanov (shot putter) (born 1992), Kazakhstani shot putter
* Ivan Ivanov (speedway rider), Russian ice speedway rider, see 2010 Individual Ice Racing World Championship
* Ivan Ivanov (sport shooter) (born 1921), Bulgarian Olympic shooter
* Ivan Ivanov (swimmer) (born 1979), Kyrgyzstani swimmer
* Ivan Ivanov (triathlete) (born 1989), Ukrainian triathlete
* Ivan Ivanov (tennis) (born 2008), Bulgarian tennis player
* Ivan Ivanov (volleyball) (born 1950), Bulgarian volleyball player
* Ivan Ivanov (weightlifter) (born 1971), Olympic weightlifter for Bulgaria
* Ivan Ivanov (wrestler, born 1937) (1937–2010), Bulgarian Olympic wrestler
* Ivan Ivanov (wrestler, born 1968), Bulgarian Olympic wrestler
* Ivan Ivanov (wrestler, born 1986), Bulgarian Greco-Roman wrestler

## Other

* Ivan Ivanov (mathematician) (1862–1939), Russian-Soviet mathematician
* Ivan Ivanov (mayor) (1891–1965), Bulgarian engineer and politician
* Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov (1891–1945), Bulgarian Prime Minister
* Ivan Ivanov-Vano (1900–1987), Soviet animator
* Ivan Ivanov (singer) (born 2000), Bulgarian child singer and songwriter
* Ivan Ivanov (actor), Bulgarian actor, see Bloodsport 4: The Dark Kumite
* Ivan Ivanov (diplomat), Ambassador of Russia to Afghanistan in 1948
* Ivan Ivanov (politician, born 1975), Bulgarian politician
# New Mexico State Road 205

State Road 205 (NM 205) is a 4.145-mile-long (6.671 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 205's southern terminus is at County Road 3 (CR 3) southwest of Bennett, and the northern terminus is at NM 128 in Jal.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Lea County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Jal | 0.000 | 0.000 | NM 128 | Northern terminus |
| ​ | 4.145 | 6.671 | CR 3 | Southern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Briggs & Stratton Vanguard Big Block V-Twin

The Briggs & Stratton Vanguard Big Block V-Twin is a series of American piston engines, designed and produced by Briggs & Stratton of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin for use in commercial applications. They have also been adapted for use as ultralight aircraft engines.

## Design and development

The engine is a V-twin four-stroke, 895 cc (54.6 cu in) or 993 cc (60.6 cu in) displacement, fan-driven air-cooled, gasoline engine design. The larger displacement is achieved by increasing the stroke from 78 to 87 mm (3.1 to 3.4 in), but using the same bore of 86 mm (3.4 in). In aviation applications it is used as a direct drive engine, turning a propeller without a reduction drive. It employs a single electronic ignition system and produces 25 to 37 hp (19 to 28 kW) at 3600 rpm.

## Variants
### Vanguard Big Block V-Twin 895cc

    Model with 895 cc (54.6 cu in) displacement, bore of 86 mm (3.4 in), a stroke of 78 mm (3.1 in) and a power output of 25 to 33 hp (19 to 25 kW) at 3600 rpm

### Vanguard Big Block V-Twin 993cc

    Model with 993 cc (60.6 cu in) displacement, bore of 86 mm (3.4 in), a stroke of 87 mm (3.4 in) and a power output of 33 to 37 hp (25 to 28 kW) at 3600 rpm

## Applications

* Bautek Skycruiser
* Parazoom Trio-Star Delta
* Spacek SD-1 Minisport

## Specifications (31 hp model)

Data from Tacke

### General characteristics

* Type: Twin cylinder, four stroke aircraft engine
* Bore: 86 mm (3.4 in)
* Stroke: 78 mm (3.1 in)
* Displacement: 895 cc (54.6 cu in)
* Length: 384 mm (15.1 in)
* Width: 496 mm (19.5 in)
* Height: 725 mm (28.5 in)
* Dry weight: 57 kg (125.7 lb)

### Components

* Fuel type: gasoline
* Cooling system: fan-forced air
* Reduction gear: none

### Performance

* Power output: 31 hp (23 kW)
# Beaulieu-en-Rouergue Abbey

not to be confused with Belloc Abbey in Urt; for other uses see Beaulieu
Beaulieu-en-Rouergue Abbey, also known as Belloc Abbey (French: Abbaye de Beaulieu-en-Rouergue, Abbaye de Belloc), is a former Cistercian monastery in south-west France, founded in 1144, which today houses a museum of contemporary art. It is located in the commune of Ginals in the north-east of the Tarn-et-Garonne department, Occitanie.

## History

Located in the valley of the River Seye, in the old province of Rouergue, the abbey was founded by the bishop of Rodez, Adhemar III. The buildings were heightened in the 17th centuries, but then fell into decline by the 18th century, when the cloister was demolished. At the time of the French Revolution, the monastery was closed and the buildings sold, to be converted into a farm. Part of the buildings were dismantled. In 1875, the buildings were first classed as a monument historique. The site was purchased in 1960 by M. Brache and Mme. Bonnefoi, who carried out important restoration work, aided by the Caisse des monuments historique et des sites (currently the Centre des monuments nationaux). In 1973, they gave the abbey, together with an important collection of modern art, to the French state. The abbey was then transformed into a centre for contemporary art, and today is a museum of contemporary art in the Midi-Pyrénées area, with minor works by artists including Henri Michaux, Jean Dubuffet, and Maria Helena Vieira da Silva, as well as regional artists.
# Estola strandiella

Estola strandiella is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1942. It is known from Costa Rica.
# B (musical note)

B, also known as Si, Ti, or, in some European countries, H, is the seventh note and the twelfth semitone of the fixed-Do solfège. Its enharmonic equivalents are C♭ (C-flat) and A (A-double sharp).
When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of Middle B (B$_4$) is 493.883 Hz. See musical pitch for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

## Designation by octave

| Scientific designation | Helmholtz designation | Octave name | Frequency (Hz) |
| B$_{−1}$ | B͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵B or BBBB | Subsubcontra | 15.434 |
| B$_0$ | B͵͵ or ͵͵B or BBB | Subcontra | 30.868 |
| B$_1$ | B͵ or ͵B or BB | Contra | 61.735 |
| B$_2$ | B | Great | 123.471 |
| B$_3$ | b | Small | 246.942 |
| B$_4$ | b′ | One-lined | 493.883 |
| B$_5$ | b′′ | Two-lined | 987.767 |
| B$_6$ | b′′′ | Three-lined | 1975.533 |
| B$_7$ | b′′′′ | Four-lined | 3951.066 |
| B$_8$ | b′′′′′ | Five-lined | 7902.133 |
| B$_9$ | b′′′′′′ | Six-lined | 15804.266 |
| B$_{10}$ | b′′′′′′′ | Seven-lined | 31608.531 |

## Scales
### Common scales beginning on B

* B major: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
* B natural minor: B C♯ D E F♯ G A B
* B Harmonic minor: B C♯ D E F♯ G A♯ B
* B Melodic minor ascending: B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
* B melodic minor descending: B A G F♯ E D C♯ B

### Diatonic scales

* B Ionian: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
* B Dorian: B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A B
* B Phrygian: B C D E F♯ G A B
* B Lydian: B C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A♯ B
* B Mixolydian: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G♯ A B
* B Aeolian: B C♯ D E F♯ G A B
* B Locrian: B C D E F G A B

### Jazz melodic minor

* B Ascending melodic minor: B C♯ D E F♯ G♯ A♯ B
* B Dorian ♭2: B C D E F♯ G♯ A B
* B Lydian augmented: B C♯ D♯ E♯ F G♯ A♯ B
* B Lydian dominant: B C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯ A B
* B Mixolydian ♭6: B C♯ D♯ E F♯ G A B
* B Locrian ♮2: B C♯ D E F G A B
* B Altered: B C D E♭ F G A B

## Variation of meaning by geographical region

The referent of the musical note B varies by location. See Musical note § History of note names for a discussion on other differences in letter naming of the notes.
In the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and the Netherlands, as described above, B usually refers to the note a semitone below C, while B-flat refers to the note a whole tone below C.
However, in Germany, Central and Eastern Europe, and Scandinavia, the label B is sometimes used for what, above, is called B-flat, and the note a semitone below C is called H. This makes possible certain spellings which are otherwise impossible, such as the BACH motif and the DSCH motif (the latter of which also uses the "S" name for what in Anglophone would be E-flat).