# Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas

Part of the LGBTQ rights series :
Legal status of same-sex unions :
Marriage
Andorra
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Denmark
Ecuador
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Ireland
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Malta
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Recognized
Israel
United States:
 • American Samoa :
Civil unions or registered partnerships but not marriage
Bolivia
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Monaco
Montenegro
San Marino
United Kingdom:
 • Bermuda
 • Cayman Islands :
Minimal recognition
Bulgaria
Cambodia
China
 • Hong Kong
India
Japan
Lithuania
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands:
 • Sint Maarten
Poland
Romania
Slovakia :
See also
Same-sex union legislation
Same-sex union court cases
Timeline of same-sex marriage
Recognition of same-sex unions in Africa
Recognition of same-sex unions in Asia
Recognition of same-sex unions in Europe
Recognition of same-sex unions in the Americas
Recognition of same-sex unions in Oceania
Marriage privatization
Divorce of same-sex couples
Domestic partnership
Military policy
Adoption
Listings by country
LGBTQ rights by country or territory :
Notes
1 2 Performed in the Netherlands proper (including the Caribbean Netherlands), as well as in Aruba and Curaçao. May be registered in Sint Maarten in such cases, but the rights of marriage are not guaranteed.
↑ Neither performed nor recognized in Niue, Tokelau, or the Cook Islands.
↑ Neither performed nor recognized in six British Overseas Territories.
1 2 Neither performed nor recognized in some tribal nations of the US. Recognized but not performed in several other tribal nations and American Samoa.
↑ Registered foreign marriages confer all marriage rights in Israel. Domestic common-law marriages confer most rights of marriage. Domestic civil marriage recognized by some cities.
1 2 3 4 5 The Coman v. Romania ruling of the European Court of Justice obliges the state to provide residency rights for the foreign spouses of EU citizens. Some member states, including Romania, do not follow the ruling.
↑ A "declaration of family relationship" is available in several of Cambodia's communes which may be useful in matters such as housing, but is not legally binding.
↑ Guardianship agreements confer some limited legal benefits in China, including decisions about medical and personal care.
↑ Hong Kong provides inheritance, guardianship rights, and residency rights for foreign spouses of legal residents.
↑ Indian courts have recognised guru–shishya, nata pratha or maitri karar–type contractual relationships, but they are not legally binding.
↑ Most Japanese cities and prefectures issue partnership certificates, but they are not legally binding.
↑ Marriages conducted abroad between a Namibian national and a foreign spouse provide residency rights in Namibia.
↑ Romania provides hospital visitation rights through a "legal representative" status.
↑ Not yet in effect. :
LGBTQ portal :
vte :
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Tamaulipas since 19 November 2022. On 26 October 2022, the Congress of Tamaulipas passed a bill to legalize same-sex marriage in a 23–12 vote. It was published in the official state journal on 18 November, and took effect the following day. Tamaulipas was the second-to-last Mexican state to legalize same-sex marriage.

## Legal history
### Background

The Mexican Supreme Court ruled on 12 June 2015 that state bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional nationwide. The court's ruling is considered a "jurisprudential thesis" and did not invalidate state laws, meaning that same-sex couples denied the right to marry would still have to seek individual amparos in court. The ruling standardized the procedures for judges and courts throughout Mexico to approve all applications for same-sex marriages and made the approval mandatory. Specifically, the court ruled that same-sex marriage bans violate Articles 1 and 4 of the Constitution of Mexico. Article 1 of the Constitution states that "any form of discrimination, based on ethnic or national origin, gender, age, disabilities, social status, medical conditions, religion, opinions, sexual orientation, marital status, or any other form, which violates the human dignity or seeks to annul or diminish the rights and freedoms of the people, is prohibited", and Article 4 relates to matrimonial equality, stating that "man and woman are equal under the law. The law shall protect the organization and development of the family."
On 26 June 2014, 57 people filed an amparo challenging the constitutionality of the same-sex marriage ban. They were granted the right to marry on 1 October 2014 by federal judges in both the Third District Court based in Nuevo Laredo and the Ninth District Court based in Tampico. Should any of the plaintiffs wish to marry, their partners would also be covered. The state appealed the decision to the Supreme Court, which ruled on 22 February 2017 that the definition of marriage in the Civil Code of Tamaulipas was unconstitutional. The court granted the plaintiffs the right to marry their partners. A further 68 people later requested a collective amparo in Tampico, and received approval on 26 March 2015. On 23 May 2016, an amparo was granted to two women who sought the right to marry. In November 2016, a federal judge granted another amparo to a same-sex couple. The judge declared article 124 of the Civil Code, which referred to married parties as "a man and a woman", unconstitutional, ordering that it be altered to allow for same-sex marriages. In January 2017, a federal judge warned deputies of the Congress of Tamaulipas that they would be fined for 100 days should they continue to refuse to legalize same-sex marriage. By November 2018, 19 same-sex couples had married in Tamaulipas via the recurso de amparo remedy.
By statute, in Mexico, if any five rulings from the courts on a single issue result in the same outcome, legislatures are bound to change the law. In the case of Tamaulipas, three collective amparos and 17 individual amparos for same-sex marriages had been approved by September 2018. That same month, LGBT advocates filed proceedings with the Supreme Court arguing that the ban should be declared void and unenforceable. On 16 November 2018, the court declared the ban unconstitutional and ordered Congress to modify the Civil Code within 180 business days. However, legislators refused to modify the law. A deputy announced she was planning on filing a lawsuit with the Supreme Court in 2022 in hopes of forcing the state to comply with the earlier ruling. By October 2022, 140 amparos for same-sex marriages had been granted in Tamaulipas, the largest number of any state.

### Legislative action

In 2011, LGBT activists began a campaign urging the Congress of Tamaulipas to pass a bill legalizing same-sex civil unions. In 2012, activists presented legislators with 25,000 signatures in favor of same-sex marriage. In 2013, the Party of the Democratic Revolution agreed to support the proposal and bring the issue to a vote in Congress. However, no vote took place over the following years, and the proposal was placed in the "legislative freezer" (congelador legislativo). In June 2015, Deputy Olga Patricia Sosa Ruiz confirmed that Congress was working on a bill to legalize same-sex marriage. She stated that the reform was "complex" and estimated that the law would be passed within the next legislative session, though no bill passed for the following seven years.
A bill to legalize same-sex marriage was introduced to Congress by Deputy Nancy Ruíz Martínez from the conservative National Action Party (PAN) in early October 2022. It was passed by a Congress committee on 19 October 2022 in a 14–1 vote. A final vote was scheduled for the following week. The bill was approved by Congress by 23 votes to 12 with one abstention on 26 October, with those voting in favor being members of the National Regeneration Movement, the Institutional Revolutionary Party, Citizens' Movement and some PAN deputies. Religious groups opposed to same-sex marriage disrupted the session, causing legislators to move to another venue to vote on the legislation. The bill was published in the official state journal on 18 November, following Governor Américo Villarreal Anaya's signature, and took effect the following day. Article 132 of the Civil Code was amended from To marry, the man and the woman must be of legal age. to Those who marry must be of legal age. Tamaulipas was the second-to-last Mexican state to legalize same-sex marriage, before Guerrero the following month.
The law ensures that married same-sex couples have the same rights, benefits and responsibilities as married opposite-sex couples, including tax benefits, immigration rights, property rights, and inheritance, among others. Adoption by same-sex couples had already been legal prior to 2022, and so the legislation did not address this issue further. The first same-sex marriage performed under the legislation took place in Tampico on 22 November between Carlos Rojas Hernández and Alejandro Tenorio del Angel.

## Marriage statistics

The first same-sex marriage in Altamira was performed in December 2017, and the first in Ciudad Madero took place in February 2018; both via the recurso de amparo remedy. The following table shows the number of same-sex marriages performed in Tamaulipas since legalization in 2022 as reported by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography.
Number of marriages performed in Tamaulipas :
| Year | Same-sex | Same-sex | Same-sex | Opposite-sex | Total | % same-sex |
| Year | Female | Male | Total | Opposite-sex | Total | % same-sex |
| 2022 | 20 | 7 | 27 | 13,345 | 13,372 | 0.20% |
| 2023 | 109 | 44 | 151 | 12,859 | 13,012 | 1.16% |

## Public opinion

According to a 2018 survey by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography, 44% of the Tamaulipas public opposed same-sex marriage.