OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# René Jacques Lévy

René Jacques Lévy (7 July 1875, in Nancy – 15 April 1912, in Atlantic Ocean) was a French chemist who died in the sinking of the Titanic. He was the author of several patents operated by the company Air Liquide.
In 1896, René Lévy graduated from École nationale supérieure des industries chimiques. In 1897, he moved to Manchester where he worked at the Clayton Aniline Company, of which his uncle Charles Dreyfus was director, and he invented, with André Helbronner in 1902, a process making it possible to produce liquid air industrially. The license is acquired by Air Liquide and he then joins the company and works in the office of Boulogne-sur-Seine.
In 1903, he married Jeanne Royer with whom he had three daughters, Simone in 1904, Andrée in 1906, and Yvette in 1909.
After having managed the British branch of Air Liquide in London, he was sent in 1910, to Canada by the president of the company Paul Delorme, to create and manage a subsidiary in the suburbs of Montréal.
In March 1912, he went to Paris to attend a funeral, planning to return to Canada on the France on 20 April, but he exchanged his ticket to go back ten days earlier on the Titanic.
The Royal Society of Chemistry honored him in 2012 on the occasion of the commemoration of the hundred years of the sinking of the Titanic.
# Heinrich Kaan

Heinrich Kaan (Russian: Генрих Каан; 8 February 1816 – 24 May 1893) was a 19th-century physician known for his seminal contributions to early sexology. Different sources identify him as Ruthenian (an ethnic group living in what is now Belarus and Ukraine) or as Russian. He was the personal physician to the Czar.

## Psychopathia Sexualis

Kaan is primarily known for an early scientific approach to sexology i.e. a scientifically based theoretical study of sex as opposed to earlier fields of erotology—the more practical study of lovemaking. He published his main work Psychopathia Sexualis in 1844 in Leipzig in Latin and it has been translated into English and German. A direct translation of the title is Psychopathies of Sexuality. In this work he reinterpreted the Christian sexual sins as diseases of the mind.
Until then, concepts like deviation, aberration, and perversion were interpreted in a theological context as "false" religious beliefs or heresy. Kaan's novel idea was to turn them into medical concepts, to reinterpret them as mental diseases. Physicians and psychiatrists after him were quick to take up these ideas - a process which collectively is referred to as the medicalization of sin in cultural history. It is also referred to as "degeneracy theory".
Kaan's work was within the "onanism literature" tradition of his time. To Kaan, masturbation was at the root of all sexual disorders, deviations and unnatural lusts as it involved extravagant fantasies. He also considered heterosexual intercourse as psychopathological, if it comprised sexual fantasies. His main goal was to fight such sexual psychopathies, above all masturbation.
Michel Foucault referred to Kaan's work in his mid-1970s lectures on the discourse of the nature of normality and abnormality and in the first volume of his work The History of Sexuality. According to Foucault, Kaan's work was the first medical text exclusively devoted to the study of sexuality. He said during a course of lectures he did in 1974-75 at the Collège de France, that the Psychopathia Sexualis” (1844) “was the first treatise of psychiatry to speak only of sexual pathology but the last (monograph) to speak of sexuality solely in Latin.” However, Foucault recognized it as a symptom of a shift in the discourse on sexuality, rather than necessarily an influential work in itself. Scholars have acknowledged Kaan's contributions, relative to those of Richard von Krafft-Ebing and Sigmund Freud.
# Sherwood, Clark County, Wisconsin

    There is also the Village of Sherwood in Calumet County.
Sherwood is a town in Clark County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 252 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Nevins is located in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.0 square miles (93.1 km$^2$), of which, 35.7 square miles (92.6 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.6 km$^2$) of it (0.61%) is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 United States census there were 252 people, 90 households, and 73 families in the town. The population density was 7.1 people per square mile (2.7/km$^2$). There were 152 housing units at an average density of 4.3/sq mi (1.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 96.43% White, 0.79% African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.40% from other races, and 1.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40%.
Of the 90 households 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.0% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.8% were non-families. 16.7% of households were one person and 3.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.12.
The age distribution was 25.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 22.2% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.5 males.
The median household income was $36,250 and the median family income was $36,250. Males had a median income of $28,438 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,365. About 2.8% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of 18 and 3.6% of those 65 or over.
# Tennessee State Route 185

State Route 185 (SR 185) is an east to west secondary highway in Gibson County, Tennessee that is 7.67 miles (12.3 km) long. Its western terminus is in Dyer at the junction with US 45W. Its eastern terminus is just outside Bradford at SR 54. East of Dyer the highway is also called Poplar Grove Road.

## Route description

SR 185 begins just west of downtown Dyer at an interchange with US 45W/SR 5/SR 77. It goes east as Yorkville Street to enter downtown, where it turns south as Main Street (Old US 45W). It passes through downtown before turning east onto Poplar Grove Road, where it leaves Dyer and continues east through farmland before coming to an end at an intersection with SR 54.

## History

The original western terminus was in Dyer at the intersection of Main Street (then US 45W) and Poplar Grove Road. In 2001, when US 45W was realigned to a newly constructed bypass route to the west of Dyer, SR 185 was extended through Dyer on Main Street and Yorkville Street (formerly SR 77) to the new US 45W. This change went unsigned until May 2008.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Gibson County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Dyer | 0.0 | 0.0 | US 45W (SR 5) / SR 77 east – Rutherford, Trenton SR 77 west (Yorkville Highway) – Yorkville | Interchange; western terminus |
| Dyer | 0.6 | 0.97 | N Main Street - Rutherford | Old US 45W |
| Dyer | 1.6 | 2.6 | S Main Street - Trenton | Old US 45W |
| ​ | 7.67 | 12.34 | SR 54 (Bradford Highway) – Trenton, Bradford | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# 1805 in South Africa

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1805 in South Africa.

## Events

* The Napoleonic Wars break out between France and the United Kingdom
* July – A British expeditionary force sets sail from Great Britain to re-occupy the Cape Colony
* 28 April – The Huguenots consecrated the Strooidakkerk (thatched church) in Paarl
* 24 December – A British warship arrives at the Cape Colony and attacks 2 supply ships
# New Mexico State Road 347

State Road 347 (NM 347) is a partially completed road that starts at Interstate 40 on the West Mesa, approximately 8 miles (12.9 km) west of downtown Albuquerque. It runs north-northeast, following Paseo del Volcan to its northern terminus at US-550 in Bernalillo. Currently it exists in two discontinuous segments: the southern segment is 9.4 miles (15.1 km) long, and follows Paseo del Volcan from I-40 to Paseo del Norte (NM 423) near Double Eagle II Airport. The 10.2 miles (16.4 km) northern section begins at Unser Boulevard in Rio Rancho and ends at US-550 in Bernalillo, which incorporates a 3.4 mile extension of Paseo del Volcan from Iris Road to US-550 that was completed in February 2011. The remaining 10 miles (16.1 km) segment from Paseo del Norte to Unser Boulevard is not yet built. While the New Mexico Department of Transportation owns the right-of-way for the unbuilt section, its completion is contingent upon future growth within Albuquerque and Rio Rancho and the availability of funding.
Currently a 2-lane road, NM 347 right-of-way is 150 feet wide to accommodate expansion to a freeway, should future growth and traffic demand necessitate the construction of a freeway along the Paseo del Volcan corridor.

## History

An environmental impact statement for the Paseo del Volcan project was approved in August 2001 by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).$^{:7–8}$ Phase 1 of the project, a 3.9-mile (6.3 km) segment between Unser Blvd. and Iris Road was completed in October 2006. The road was designated as State Road 347 between I-40 and US 550 in August 2010. The Phase 2 extension 3.4 miles (5.5 km) eastward to US 550 was opened to traffic in February 2011. Land acquisition is currently in progress for a further extension westward from Unser Blvd. to Rainbow Blvd.$^{:4,8}$ In July 2011, a street west of Albuquerque also known as Paseo del Volcan was renamed Atrisco Vista Blvd. to avoid a naming conflict. Atrisco Vista Blvd. intersects I-40 at Exit 149 only 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of the proposed interchange with NM 347.$^{:5}$ Interchange construction at I-40 will be Phase 3 of the project and awaits acquisition of individual private parcels along the Interstate.$^{:5}$
Long-range planning anticipates the roadway requiring up to five additional lanes by 2035.$^{:12}$ Extending the road to link to I-25 on both the north and south ends to create a western bypass in metropolitan Albuquerque is also being planned.$^{:15}$

## Major intersections

The following only represents the roadway as completed and open to traffic. The entire route is in Rio Rancho, Sandoval County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.00 | 0.00 | Unser Boulevard – Albuquerque | Current southern terminus |
| 7.14 | 11.49 | US 550 (Main Street) – Bernalillo, Cuba | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||
# 1821 in birding and ornithology

A summary of 1821 in birding and ornithology.

## Events

* Georges Cuvier postulates that no more new species of large animals would be found in Dictum temerario. Instead, many such discoveries were made from the affirmation of Cuvier to the present.
* Sven Nilsson completes Ornithologia suecica (1817–1821)
* Thomas Horsfield describes new species of birds from Java in 1821. A systematic arrangement and description of birds from the island of Java in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13: 133–200. Some of which are the tailorbird, Horsfield's bronze cuckoo, the Javan frogmouth, Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo, the red-billed malkoha, the blood pheasant and the white-bellied woodpecker
* Foundation of Naturmuseum Senckenberg.
* William Swainson Zoological Illustrations (commenced 1820) Birds described in this work in 1821 include the Guam kingfisher, the red-stained woodpecker and the pied bushchat.

## Deaths

* 20 October - Félix de Azara (born 1746)
# Squash at the 2018 Asian Games

Squash at the 2018 Asian Games was held at the Gelora Bung Karno Squash Stadium, Jakarta, Indonesia, from 23 August to 1 September 2018.
Nicol David of Malaysia won her fifth gold medal in women's singles event.

## Schedule

| P | Preliminary rounds | ¼ | Quarterfinals | ½ | Semifinals | F | Final |
| Event↓/Date → | 23rd Thu | 24th Fri | 25th Sat | 26th Sun | 27th Mon | 28th Tue | 29th Wed | 30th Thu | 31st Fri | 1st Sat |
| Men's singles | P | ¼ | ½ | F | | | | | | |
| Men's team | | | | | P | P | P | P | ½ | F |
| Women's singles | P | ¼ | ½ | F | | | | | | |
| Women's team | | | | | P | P | P | P | ½ | F |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's singles details | Leo Au Hong Kong | Max Lee Hong Kong | Saurav Ghosal India |
| Men's singles details | Leo Au Hong Kong | Max Lee Hong Kong | Mohd Nafiizwan Adnan Malaysia |
| Men's team details | Malaysia Mohd Nafiizwan Adnan Mohd Syafiq Kamal Ng Eain Yow Ivan Yuen | Hong Kong Leo Au Max Lee Henry Leung Yip Tsz Fung | India Saurav Ghosal Mahesh Mangaonkar Harinder Pal Sandhu Ramit Tandon |
| Men's team details | Malaysia Mohd Nafiizwan Adnan Mohd Syafiq Kamal Ng Eain Yow Ivan Yuen | Hong Kong Leo Au Max Lee Henry Leung Yip Tsz Fung | Pakistan Israr Ahmed Tayyab Aslam Amaad Fareed Asim Khan |
| Women's singles details | Nicol David Malaysia | Sivasangari Subramaniam Malaysia | Dipika Pallikal India |
| Women's singles details | Nicol David Malaysia | Sivasangari Subramaniam Malaysia | Joshna Chinappa India |
| Women's team details | Hong Kong Annie Au Joey Chan Ho Tze Lok Lee Ka Yi | India Joshna Chinappa Tanvi Khanna Sunayna Kuruvilla Dipika Pallikal | Malaysia Aifa Azman Nicol David Low Wee Wern Sivasangari Subramaniam |
| Women's team details | Hong Kong Annie Au Joey Chan Ho Tze Lok Lee Ka Yi | India Joshna Chinappa Tanvi Khanna Sunayna Kuruvilla Dipika Pallikal | Japan Misaki Kobayashi Risa Sugimoto Satomi Watanabe |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Malaysia (MAS) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 3 | India (IND) | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 4 | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | Pakistan (PAK) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 4 | 4 | 8 | 16 |

## Participating nations

A total of 103 athletes from 18 nations competed in squash at the 2018 Asian Games:
* China (4)
* Hong Kong (8)
* India (8)
* Indonesia (8)
* Iran (5)
* Japan (6)
* Kuwait (1)
* Macau (3)
* Malaysia (8)
* Mongolia (4)
* Nepal (4)
* Pakistan (8)
* Philippines (8)
* Qatar (4)
* Singapore (4)
* South Korea (8)
* Sri Lanka (4)
* Thailand (8)
# Monroe Center, Illinois

Monroe Center is a village in Ogle County, Illinois, United States, southeast of Rockford in Monroe Township. It is located on the Canadian Pacific Railway and on Illinois Route 72, about .6 mile east of Exit 111 from Interstate 39. The village had a population of 471 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Monroe Center is on a hill and has many fields surrounding it. The Kilbuck Creek along with the retainment ponds and lakes alongside I-39 are the only bodies of water in the area. According to the 2010 census, Monroe Center has a total area of 1.21 square miles (3.13 km$^2$), all land.

## Notable person

* Charles W. Baker (1876–1953), Illinois state legislator and farmer, was born in Monroe Center.
* Andra Martin (born Sandra Rehn) (1935–2022), American Actor, grew up on the family farm in Monroe Center.
# Soccer For Peace

Soccer for Peace is a New York based nonprofit organization created in September 2002 by Ori Winitzer. Its mission is to unite children of war-torn regions in their shared love of soccer. It was originally intended as a one-time fundraising event, though the outpouring of support compelled Winitzer to develop an ongoing concept. In winter of 2003 Soccer for Peace was invited to attend the first ever Congress of Sport & Development in Magglingen, Switzerland. In June of that year, it held a tournament at Harvard University. The organization's first actual program, an overnight soccer camp for Jewish and Arab youth, took place in August 2005 in north central Israel, and it has held an overnight camp in every summer since though its size, length and location has varied. In 2007 it introduced an after school program, wherein camp participants would join others for additional training, educational sessions and league play. Its long-term vision is to expand its activities around the world.

## Soccer for Peace Cup and Camp Coexistence

In 2008 The Soccer for Peace Cup brought together about 300 players from 32 teams in New York City. It was an all day soccer tournament which recruited 10- and 11-year-old Arab and Jewish children. The event raised funds to support the first Camp Coexistence, one-week soccer camp of over 100 children, followed by a year-long program in which children play more soccer and share other activities — visits to mosques and synagogues, trips to Bedouin camps and class discussions on understanding and peace.

## Growth initiatives

The organization seeks to expand the number of participants, including females, and the length of its programs. , and looks to corporate partners.
# New Mexico State Road 368

State Road 368 (NM 368) is a 17.458-mile-long (28.096 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 368's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 70 (US 70) and US 380 in Tinnie, and the northern terminus is at the end of state maintenance in Arabela.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Lincoln County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Tinnie | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 70 / US 380 | Southern terminus |
| Arabela | 17.458 | 28.096 | End of state maintenance | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and Its Abolition

The United Nations General Assembly declared 2004 as the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (having welcomed the fact that UNESCO had proclaimed it as such earlier).
The General Assembly resolution in its entirety (of which this declaration was a single paragraph) was voted against by the Israel, Palau and the United States, with Australia and Canada abstaining.
The United Nations International Years, beginning with the World Refugee Year in 1959/1960, are designated in order to focus world attention on important issues. The proclamation of an international year to commemorate the struggle against slavery and its abolition marked the bicentenary of the proclamation of the first black state, Haiti, as well as the reunion of the peoples of Africa, the Americas, the Caribbean and Europe.
Among the initiatives that marked the commemorative year was a virtual exhibition, Lest We Forget: The Triumph over Slavery, created by the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and New York Public Library.
Another effort that was launched during the year was a research and information programme, Forgotten Slaves. The programme was implemented by the French Marine Archaeology Group (GRAN) with the support of UNESCO. It was inspired by the wreck of the slave ship l'Utile off the shores of the Tromelin Island in the Indian Ocean in 1761 and was intended to be part of an information campaign to raise awareness of both the history of slavery and modern forms of slavery.
# Atasi Barua

Atasi Barua (4 September 1921 – 26 June 2016) was one of the prominent Indian women painters of the 20th century. Her work has been exhibited in places like Colombo, Tehran, Cairo, Bangkok, Tokyo and USA apart from India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Her paintings usually contain classical themes while her techniques also show a mix of realism. There are a lot of references to Buddhism that can be found in her art.

## Early life and education

Atasi Barua was born on 4 September 1921 the daughter of Sarojbasini Devi and Asit Kumar Haldar in West Bengal. She was the great-grand niece of Rabindranath Tagore who in fact named her. She was born at Shantiniketan. She studied at La Martiniere College in Lucknow.

## Career in art

She started painting at an young age, to cope with the early demise of her mother. Her father, who was a well-known painter himself, constantly encouraged and motivated her passion. She trained herself in various techniques and soon become a talented artist.
After her marriage to Dr. Arabinda Barua, a native of Chittagong and an eminent Buddhist scholar, who did his Bar At Law from England. Dr.Arabinda Barua was Dr. Nirodbaran paternal cousin. Her exposure to Buddhism gave her immense inspiration, which can be seen in her paintings. They revolve around portraying the life of Buddha, the cave paintings of Ajanta, and many other themes.
She won a cash reward at the 11th Annual Exhibition of the Academy of Fine Arts, Kolkata, after which she started getting international attention for her paintings. Her paintings were also held in solo exhibitions in Kolkata, where she was praised by many critics like O. C. Ganguly and Abani C. Banerjee.
She and her husband travelled a lot and attended many conferences in South Asia. She also made portraits of many well-known personalities and scholars that she met, and also got them signed. Some of them are Jamini Roy, Nandalal Bose, B. R. Ambedkar, Ho Chi Minh, O. C. Gangooly, Nabanita Dev Sen and Kalidas Nag.
The majority of her artwork was line drawings. Drawing inspiration from Lord Buddha’s life, she chronicled his life in 12 paintings after she was requested to do so by the Maha Bodhi Society who then published them in a pictorial book. She was also commissioned by the Digambar Jain Temple to do a series of paintings on the 23rd Tirthankara, Parshvanatha.
# Bosco Marengo

Bosco Marengo (Italian:; Piedmontese: Ël Bòsch) is a town and a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Turin and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Alessandria.
Bosco Marengo borders the following municipalities: Alessandria, Basaluzzo, Casal Cermelli, Fresonara, Frugarolo, Novi Ligure, Pozzolo Formigaro, Predosa, and Tortona.

## Nuclear enrichment plant

There was a nuclear enrichment plant in Bosco Marengo, which started operating in 1973. The site was handed to SOGIN, the Italian nuclear decommissioning authority in 2005 and, in December 2008, it was decided that it should be decommissioned. The process was completed on 31 December 2021.

## People

* Pope Pius V (1504–1572)
* Michele Bonelli (1541–1598), cardinal and papal diplomat.
* Antonio Salvarezza (1902–1985), operatic tenor
# Rose Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville

Rose Constance Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville GCVO GCStJ (née Bowes-Lyon; 6 May 1890 – 17 November 1967) was the third daughter of the 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne by his wife, Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck. An elder sister of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, she was therefore a maternal aunt of Queen Elizabeth II.

## Life and family

On 24 May 1916, Lady Rose Bowes-Lyon married The Hon. William Leveson-Gower, who succeeded to his childless brother's earldom on 21 July 1939. As a result, she was styled as Countess Granville. The couple had two children:
* Lady Mary Cecilia Leveson-Gower (12 December 1917 – 13 February 2014), who married Sir Samuel Clayton (8 January 1918 – February 2004) on 7 July 1956 and had issue. Their daughter is polar adventurer Rosie Stancer.
* Granville James Leveson-Gower, 5th Earl Granville (6 December 1918 – 31 October 1996), who married Doon Aileen Plunket (1931–2003) on 9 October 1958 and had issue.
The Countess Granville stood godmother to her niece, Princess Margaret Rose of York, at the latter's christening on 3 October 1930. She was invested as a Dame Grand Cross of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem (GCStJ). She was also awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) by Queen's University Belfast. In 1953, she was invested as a Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO).
Lord Granville died on 25 June 1953, aged 72. Lady Granville outlived him by fourteen years when she died on 17 November 1967, aged 77. She was the last surviving sibling of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Rose Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville :