OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fas languages

The Fas languages are a small language family of Papua New Guinea.

## Classification

Despite the fact that the family consists of just two closely related languages, Baibai and Fas (40% cognate), there has been considerable confusion over its membership, apparently due to a misalignment in the publication (Loving & Bass 1964) of the data used for the initial classification. (See Baron 1983.) The initial name of the family was Fas, but Laycock (1975) changed it to Baibai when he mistakenly moved the Fas language to the Kwomtari family, an error perpetuated in much of the literature. Baibai (Baibai and Biaka) is therefore not a synonym for the Fas family (Baibai and Fas). See Kwomtari–Fas languages for details.
A few regular sound correspondences are apparent (Baron 1983:21 ff):
| correspondence | Fas example | Baibai example | Gloss |
| *mb → ʙ, mb | mɛʙəkɛ | mɛmbəkɛ | "star" |
| *nd → k, ɾ | kəmas | ɾəmas | "bow" |
| k–f metathesis* | kafəki | ɾaɾəfi | "tobacco" |
| *k → zero, *k | kɛj | ɾɛɡi | "hand" (< *ɾɛki) |
The odd change from *nd to /k/ (via *hr) has also occurred in the Bewani languages and some of the Vanimo languages.
*/k/–/f/ metathesis still operates in Fas. /s/–/f/ and /s/–/m/ metathesis has been reconstructed.
*/k/ is lost in some environments. Baibai [ɾɛɡi] may be phonemically /ɾɛki/.
Baron sees no evidence that the similarities between the Fas and Kwomtari families are any greater than with neighboring unrelated families, and thus doubts the validity of the putative Kwomtari–Fas family.

## Phonological features

Two papers were published by Wietze Baron (1979, 1983a) on the phonology of Fas. Baron argued that the phonological processes of Fas contradict claims by proponents of Natural Generative Phonology that Paul Kiparsky's Opacity Principle allowed no exceptions. See Optimality theory for later developments in phonological theory. Further papers are posted on his website. Recently an honours thesis by Fiona Blake (University of Sydney) has also been posted on the web; she refers to Fas as Momu.
The Fas language apparently has a seven-vowel system. It also has a bilabial trill [ʙ] (Baron 1979:95), even though Laycock (1975:854) had expressed his doubts about earlier reports of this feature by Capell (1962).

## Proto-language

Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-Baibai-Momu (i.e., Proto-Fas) by Usher (2020) are:
    glossProto-Baibai-Momu older brother*apɛ name*ambu smoke*mVsV star*mɛmbVkɛ mother (addressing)*mɛ flying fox*mɛnɛ net bag*man shoulder*mandVɸV woman*mɔŋgɔ water/river*ɸi salt*ɸVn[ɛ] breast/milk*ɸVki house*ɸVndV axe*tɔmakɔ liver*tVtV hand*ndɛŋgi know*ndam... tobacco*ndandVɸi fire*ndɔa bow*ndVmas many*ndɔambɔ fat/grease*sVmbu black*sVŋgarɔ bird-of-paradise sp.*sujakɛ eye*kVri axe*ŋgambɛ areca nut*ŋgVmVsV earth/ground*ŋgVndV egg*handɔ 2 sg.*[h]aŋgi skin*hVraɔ moon*wVsi 3 sg.*wɔ stone*wɔneŋgrɛ
# Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo, Marquis of La Solana

Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo y Eguía (7 January 1803, San Sebastián – 26 April 1857, Madrid) was a Spanish military and the marquis of La Solana. In 1814 he became a knight's page in the Spanish Army, fought against the government of Trienio Liberal, and then became the inspector of the Royalist Volunteers. Madrid historians mentioned Urbiztondo's participation to a dispute at the Royal Palace of Madrid, which involved the Duke of Cádiz, the Duke of Valencia and Joaquín Osorio y Silva-Bazán (who was killed by Urbiztondo).
In 1833 he was imprisoned at Mérida due to the accusation that he is supposed-to-be connection to Carlism, but he managed to escape to Portugal.
He became the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines from 1850 to 1853.

## Expedition against the Sultanate of Sulu

In December 1850, Urbiztondo led a naval expedition to the Sulu Archipelago. They visited several islands, causing destruction and casualties. Upon reaching Jolo, they faced hostility from Sultan Mohammad Pulalun Kiram and failed to obtain any concessions. Unable to invade the fortified city, they sailed to Tunkil and conducted a raid, resulting in more casualties and destruction.
In April 1851, the Sultan of Sulu signed a treaty with Spain recognizing Spanish sovereignty over the Sulu Sultanate and its dependencies. The treaty also allowed Spain to establish a trading factory and a naval station in Jolo.
# Simon Willard (Massachusetts colonist)

Simon Willard (1605–1676) was an early Massachusetts fur trader, colonial militia leader, legislator, and judge.

## Early life

Willard was born in Horsmonden, Kent, England and baptized on April 7, 1605. He emigrated to Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1634 with his first wife Mary Sharpe and their daughters Mary and Elizabeth. He was a founder of Concord, Massachusetts and served it as clerk from 1635 to 1653 and helped negotiate its purchase from the Native American owners. Willard represented Concord in the Massachusetts General Court from 1636 to 1654, and was assistant and councilor from 1654 to 1676.

## Work with settlement and Native Americans

Willard served as an advisor to the Nashaway Company which founded Lancaster, Massachusetts, in the 1640s and 1650s, and he settled in Lancaster by 1660. In 1651 Willard laid out 1,000 acres for settlement along the Assabet River which may have included parts of what is now Maynard, Massachusetts when a Native American leader, Tantamous (Old Jethro), defaulted on a mortgage for a debt due to Concord gunsmith, Herman Garrett, for an unpaid debt. In 1654–55, Willard led an expedition against Ninigret in southern New England, and removed Ninigret's Pequot wards and placed them with Niantic Sachem Harman Garrett in what is now Westerly, Rhode Island. In Massachusetts, Willard served as an advisor to the Nashaway Indians and provided guns to them by order of the Massachusetts General Court. He served as a major of militia in King Philip's War in 1676 at age 70, and he was the Chief Military Officer of Middlesex County, Massachusetts and repelled a Nipmuc force that was besieging Brookfield. He became a magistrate and died aged 71 on April 24, 1676, in Charlestown, Massachusetts while holding court.
The Willard Elementary School in Concord, Massachusetts, is named after Willard. The Liberty ship 0743 Simon Willard was also named after him.

## Founding of Old Saybrook, Connecticut

Simon Willard has been chronicled as one of the founders of Old Saybrook, Connecticut. Willard, then a Sergeant, and Lieutenant Edward Gibbons, were sent by John Winthrop (1606–1676) — son of John Winthrop (1587–1649), Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony — to occupy the mouth of what is now the Connecticut River (Long Island Sound) with 20 carpenters and workmen. On November 24, 1635, the group landed on the west bank at the mouth of the Connecticut River. They located the Dutch coat of arms and replaced it with a shield that had a grinning face painted on it. The group established a small fort with a cannon. When the Dutch returned to the mouth of the river, they spotted the English fort and withdrew. The fort was one of the first military establishments in the Connecticut Colony.
# Francisco de Pina

Francisco de Pina (Portuguese pronunciation:; 1585 – 1625) was a Portuguese Jesuit interpreter, missionary and priest, credited with creating the first Latinized script of the Vietnamese language, which the modern Vietnamese alphabet is based on.

## Biography

Francisco de Pina was born in Guarda, Portugal, in 1585 and entered the Jesuit order in 1605. In the years between 1611 and 1617 he studied at St. Paul's College, Macau, where he was exposed to the works of João Rodrigues Tçuzu. The latter was a Portuguese Jesuit who had pioneered transliteration of Japanese into Latin alphabet using phonetics of the Portuguese language. João Rodrigues Tçuzu arrived in Macau from Japan in 1614, 6 years after completing his most famous work about Japanese grammar, Arte da Lingoa de Iapam.
Francisco de Pina arrived in Đàng Trong (called Cochinchina by Europeans at the time) in 1617 in order to replace the Jesuit Diogo de Carvalho in the missionary work of evangelization developed together with the Italian Francesco Buzomi in modern Vietnam since 1615. At the time there were two Portuguese Jesuit residences in Đàng Trong: modern Hội An and Qui Nhơn. Pina took residence in Hội An, but his missionary work was spread between the two Jesuit missions.
Francisco de Pina drowned at sea in modern Cửa Đại on 15 December 1625 while trying to rescue guests on a wrecked boat. His body was buried in an unknown location in Hội An.

## Works

Although no works of Francisco de Pina survive today, he is considered to be the first European able to speak fluent Vietnamese, a skill which he used in his missionary work. Pina believed that such skill was a fundamental part of the evangelization work, and repeatedly accused his fellow clergymen of not acting in the same manner. Pina pioneered the method of recording the Vietnamese language with Latin characters, which forms the basis of the modern Vietnamese alphabet, while teaching his disciples the Vietnamese language. The most famous of these is Alexandre de Rhodes, who published in 1651 in Rome the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum, a trilingual dictionary between Vietnamese, Portuguese and Latin compiled by Alexandre de Rhodes from the work of various Portuguese Jesuits (among which Gaspar do Amaral, António Barbosa, António de Fontes and Francisco de Pina himself).
Francisco de Pina compiled a first vocabulary of the Vietnamese language in 1619, and reported to his superiors having composed a treatise on orthography and phonetics in 1622 or 1623. Some scholars have argued that Pina is responsible for writing a grammar based on which Honufer Bürgin compiled and edited the text Manuductio ad Linguam Tunkinensem independently of the work of Alexandre de Rhodes. Other scholars have challenged this conclusion by gathering evidence that the Manuductio ad Linguam Tunkinensem was written by Philippus Sibin using the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum of Alexandre de Rhodes as a reference.
# Missouri Route 173

Route 173 is a highway in southwestern Missouri. Its northern terminus is at Route 265/Route 413 in Elsey; its southern terminus is at Route 76 in Cape Fair.

## Route description

Route 173 begins at an intersection with Route 76 in Cape Fair, Stone County, heading north on a two-lane undivided road. The road passes through wooded areas with some homes, curving to the northwest. The route turns to the north again, running along the west bank of Table Rock Lake before crossing the lake. Route 173 passes through more forests, curving northwest before heading north through a mix of fields and woods with occasional residences. Farther north, the road comes to an intersection with Route 248. The route continues through more rural areas, turning northeast and crossing Missouri and Northern Arkansas Railroad's Aurora Subdivision. A short distance later, Route 173 reaches its northern terminus at an intersection with Route 265/Route 413 near Elsey.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Stone County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations |
| Cape Fair | 0.000 | 0.000 | Route 76 |
| Crossroads | 6.921 | 11.138 | Route 248 |
| Elsey | 9.260 | 14.903 | Route 265 / Route 413 |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Turuçicë

Turuçicë is a village in the municipality of Podujevë, Kosovo.
Turuçicë is famous being the birth place of Zahir Pajaziti. He was one of the founders and a commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). He was the first Commander of the KLA, known as "First Gun of Freedom".
# Kalara

Kalara is a census town in Domjur CD Block of Howrah Sadar subdivision in Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography

Kalara is located at 22°35′30″N 88°11′47″E﻿ / ﻿22.5918°N 88.19649°E﻿ / 22.5918; 88.19649
It is broadly subdivided into four zones
* South Kolorah, has a madrasah named Majahirul Ulum Islamia Senior Madrasah, Karbala G M Primary School and Kolorah Haji Abdul Ohab Institution. There is a market named Karbala Bazar and one Primary Health Centre.
* North Kolorah, has a Bazar, Kolorah High School and a Madrasah.
* Maddhya (Middle) Kolorah
* New Kolorah

## Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Kalara had a total population of 27,210 of which 14,102 (52%) were males and 13,108 (48%) were females. Population below 6 years was 3,304. The total number of literates in Kalara was 19,309 (80.77% of the population over 6 years).
As of 2001 India census, Kalara had a population of 23,129. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kalara has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68% and female literacy is 60%. In Kalara, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Most of the people of Kolorah are zari workers and some are tailors by profession, they work in Kolkata Barabazar.
Remarkable residents:
Dr. MM Samim, a renowned neurologist from the prestigious National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) in Bangalore, is among the most esteemed residents of this area. In 2018, he achieved the remarkable feat of securing All India Rank 1 in the DM Neurology entrance examination, post-MBBS, creating history in the process.

## Transport

Domjur Road railway station and Sankrail railway station are the nearest railway stations.
# Church of the Holy Comforter (Poughkeepsie, New York)

The Church of the Holy Comforter, built in 1860, is a Gothic Revival church located at 18 Davies Place, near the train station in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States, a few blocks from the Hudson River. Its steeple is prominently visible to traffic passing through the city since the construction of the elevated US 9 expressway in 1965.
The congregation first formed in 1854 as Christ Church. Six years later, it had incorporated and hired Richard Upjohn, a prominent architect noted for his churches, to design a building. His original plans are on file at Columbia University's Avery Library. The cornerstone—located at the southwest buttress of the tower—was laid on June 14, 1859 and the church was consecrated by Bishop Horatio Potter on October 25, 1860. Holy Comforter is a Gothic-Revival structure with walls of local Ulster County bluestone from across the river and trim of New Jersey brownstone. Inside, the original pews are still in place and the vaulted ceiling is supported with wooden ribs. An addition to the north was built in 1867 with funds provided by William Augustus Davies in memory of his late wife, Sarah Van Wagenen.
It is now known as the Church of the Holy Comforter in the Archdiocese of New York of the Holy Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church of America and is no longer affiliated with the Episcopal Church. Its break with the Episcopal Church grew out of disagreements and events in the 1970s. It was later affiliated with the Anglican Church and recently became affiliated with the Holy Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church of America.
On April 13, 1972, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It is also a contributing property to the Mill Street-North Clover Street Historic District listed on the Register later that year.
# Shahed Ma Shafsh Haga

Shahed Ma Shafsh Haga (Egyptian Arabic: شاهد ما شافش حاجه, lit. 'The Witness Who Didn't See Anything') is a classical comedy play starring Adel Emam, Omar Elhariri and Nahed Gabr. June 1976

## Synopsis

Imam plays Sarhan Abdelbasir, a naive young man who presents a local children's television program and in his spare time he visits the zoo to feed rabbits which are his favorite animals. Madiha, his co-star is deeply in love with him and she tries to win his affection but he does not care about women or relationships. When his neighbour Enayat, a belly dancer is found murdered in her apartment, the police led by Inspector Ahmed Abdel-Salam (played by Omar Elhariri) investigate the crime scene as they suspect that Sarhan has something to do with the murder. They wait for Sarhan when he arrives home, and shock him with the news to which he innocently responds that he does not know anything and pleads his innocence.
In the second part, Ahmad informs Sarhan that he must go to court to testify after the real killer is arrested. Sarhan feels nervous as a witness and throughout the trial he gives ridiculous responses to every question he is asked. The judge advises him to overcome his fears which are crippling his life.
After the trial, he learns from his ordeal and realizes that he had lived his life like a rabbit; always afraid of everything, and decides to change his character and become a lion. He smokes, drinks alcohol and hangs pictures of women on the walls of his apartment instead of rabbits. Madiha notices how much Sarhan has changed and finds him repulsive after he suggests to her that she should work as a belly dancer. When Ahmed pays him a visit, he encourages him to be himself before the trial and entertain children again to which Sarhan refuses because it had made him a coward for years. The inspector brings his two children to meet Sarhan and gradually changes his mind when he realizes how much they like him.

## Actors

* Adel Emam as Sarhan Abdel-Baseer
* Omar Hariry as Inspector Ahmed Abdel-Salam
* Nahed Jabr as Madiha
* Nazeem Sharawi as the Judge
* Badr Nawfal as Khalifa Khalaf Allah the defense lawyer
* Shawki Shamekh as the TV director
* Saeed Tarabeek as Kassem the prosecutor
* Sameer Waley Eddine as Officer Hussain
* Nasr Saif as Metwalli Marzouk the suspect
# Missouri Route 177

Route 177 is a highway in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, USA. Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 61 at Fruitland, Missouri; its southern terminus is at Route 34/Route 74 in Cape Girardeau.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Cape Girardeau County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations |
| Cape Girardeau | 0.000 | 0.000 | Route 74 |
| Fruitland | 23.489 | 37.802 | US 61 – Jackson, Old Appleton |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Sarong party girl

A sarong party girl (also known as an SPG) is a woman in Singapore and (to a lesser extent) Peninsular Malaysia of Chinese ethnicity who exclusively dates or socializes with men of European origin.

## Etymology

The term sarong party girl has its fairly innocuous roots in the late 1940s to early 1950s when Singapore was still ruled by the British Empire. As a general practice, the British forces personnel socialised very much among themselves, according to their military ranks and status (i.e. officers as opposed to enlisted men). However, there were some instances when specific local Singaporean "guests" were invited to social functions hosted by the British. The term sarong party came into use to describe social functions which included local invited "ladies" who wore the sarong, a native word for a wrap-around skirt popular among local Singaporean men and women of the time.

## Common stereotypes

Historically, the stereotypical sarong party girl had a false foreign accent, was provocatively dressed, and exclusively dated or preferred white men either resident in Singapore or foreigners. The sarong party girl stereotype in local entertainment is usually portrayed as a gold-digging, husband-snatching Asian woman, and this perception contributed much to Singapore's decadent image in the 1970s, as seen in films such as Saint Jack. Due to these stereotypes, women who are classified as sarong party girls often have to endure negative sweeping statements. The sarong party girl stereotype was popularised by a series of humorous books by Australian writer Jim Aitchison in the 1990s, offering a satirical portrayal of the SPG and related aspects of Singaporean culture. Over time, the term has taken on a somewhat more derogatory meaning. Nowadays, sarong party girls are no longer identified by a unique dress code or appearance, referring simply to any local woman who prefers to socialize with males of a Caucasian ethnicity, particularly for romantic or sexual relationships. A sarong party girl is commonly perceived as a fetishist who is racist and discriminates against their own community and race stemming from self-hatred, while showing a favoritism towards white people and effectively abandoning their Asian identity.
# Xynisteri

Xynisteri (also spelled xinisteri; Greek: ξυνιστέρι) is an indigenous white grape grown on Cyprus.
According to some estimates, 33% of Cypriot vineyards, on the south slopes of the Troodos mountain range are planted with this grape variety, a fact that makes Xynisteri the main white grape grown of Cyprus.
Its clusters and berries are of medium size while it is known for its durability against wine diseases. It is used in the production of several local (mainly white) wines. Xynisteri is blended with Mavro grapes for the production of the Commandaria, a well-known Cypriot dessert wine and it is also used for the production of the local spirit Zivania.
# HMS Zenobia (1806)

HMS Zenobia was a schooner of the Adonis class of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic War. She was built and completed at Bermuda using Bermuda cedar in 1806 and commissioned under Lieutenant Archibald Hamilton. She sailed for Norfolk, Virginia, on 22 October 1806.
On 29 October 1806, she sighted the American coast and a pilot came aboard. The pilot mistook a fisherman's light on False Cape Henry for the light on Cape Henry and on the morning of 30 October 1806 she grounded 20 nautical miles (37 km; 23 mi) south of Cape Henry. Despite the assistance from the shore and several Royal Navy vessels, Hamilton could not refloat her. The desertion to the shore of 18 of her 24-man crew did not help. Hamilton and his remaining crew abandoned the wreck on 6 December 1806.

## Postscript

Zenobia's deserters helped provoke what became known as the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair. On 22 June 1807, the Royal Navy fourth rate HMS Leopard pursued, attacked, and boarded the United States Navy frigate USS Chesapeake looking for deserters from the Royal Navy, including those from Zenobia.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 Winfield (2008), p. 361.
* ↑ Hepper (1994), p. 115.
* ↑ James (1837), Vol. 4, p.328.
# Hans Georg Andersen

Hans Georg Andersen (May 12, 1919 – April 25, 1994) was an Icelandic diplomat.
* From 1946 to 1954 he was legal adviser to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Iceland).
* In 1948 he was admitted to the bar.
* From 1954 to 1 June 1962 he was permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Council in Brussels with coacredition in Paris.
* From 1 June 1962 to 1 July 1963 he was Ambassador in Stockholm.
* On 7 September 1962 he was coaccreditated in Helsinki.
* From 1 July 1963 to 31 August 1969 he was Ambassador in Oslo with coaccredition in Prague.
* From 31 August 1969 to 21 July 1976 he was legal adviser in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Iceland).
* From 21 July 1976 to 24 November 1986 he was Ambassador in Washington, D.C.
* From 6 October 1976 to 28 April 1987 he was coaccreditated in Ottawa.