OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Trần Quốc Vượng (historian)

Trần Quốc Vượng (Vietnamese pronunciation:; 12 December 1934 – 8 August 2005) was a Vietnamese historian, archaeologist, and culturologist. He was part of the generation including Hà Văn Tấn, and Phan Huy Lê that had formed the foundation of Vietnamese History Studies since the 1950s. Since 1956, he was Professor of University of Social Sciences and Humanities - Vietnam National University, Hanoi and gave lectures on Vietnamese Ancient-Middle History, Archaeology, and Culturology until 2005.

## Biographical Notes

Born on December 12, 1934, in Kinh Mon Village, Hải Dương province, Trần Quốc Vượng graduated as Bachelor of History-Geography at University of Hanoi. He was then invited to teach at the University of Hanoi (later known as University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi). He studied archaeology during 1959-60 and together with renowned Archaeology Institute director and professor Hà Văn Tấn led the way in unearthing Vietnam's archaeological history. He was made a Full Professor in 1980.
He held the Rockefeller Foundation visiting fellowship named Rockefeller Residency Fellowships in the Humanities at Cornell University's Centre for Southeast Asian Studies during 1990-91. At Cornell, he focused his research on the "Evolution and Structure of Vietnamese Folk Culture."
Professor Trần Quốc Vượng's many posts included deputy general secretary of the Association of Vietnamese Folklorists and first president of the Hanoi History Association.
Professor Trần Quốc Vượng, who wrote about a variety of subjects ranging from history, archaeology to folklore, was among the first to begin a systematic study of Vietnam's culture. In 1960, he translated and provided notes to Đại Việt sử lược (ancient Chinese: 大越史略), or Sketches of Vietnam's History, one of the country's most ancient surviving works. In 1973, he was the chief author of the two-edition Danh nhân Hà Nội (Hanoi's Famous Personalities) and in 1975, in collaboration with Vũ Tuân Sán he wrote Hà Nội Nghìn Xưa, or Thousand-year Hanoi. In 1976, he worked with Lê Văn Hảo and Dương Tất Từ to write Mùa xuân và phong tục Việt Nam (Vietnam or Spring and Vietnam's Customs). All were expressions of his desire to contribute all his knowledge to recording his country's history.

## Notable works

* Việt Nam khảo cổ học 1991
* "Popular Culture and High Culture in Vietnamese History." (1992)
* Trong cõi (California, 1993)
* Theo dòng lịch sử (1995)
* Some aspects of Vietnam culture (USA、1995)
* Tìm hiểu văn hoá dân gian Hà Nội (1997)
* Việt Nam, cái nhìn địa văn hoá (1998)
* Vietnam folklore and history (North Illinois, 1998)
* Essay into the Vietnam past (New York, 1999)
* Ngành nghề, tổ nghề, làng nghề Việt Nam (1999)
* Làng nghề, phố nghề Thăng Long, Hà Nội (2000)
* Văn hoá Việt Nam, tìm tòi và suy ngẫm (2000)
* Trên mảnh đất nghìn năm văn vật (2001)
* Tìm hiểu bản sắc văn hoá xứ Huế (2001)
* Confucianism in East Asia (Seoul 2001)
* Khoa Sử và tôi (2001)
* Tìm hiểu bản sắc văn hoá xứ Quảng (2002)
* Tìm hiểu bản sắc văn hoá dân gian Nam Bộ (2004)
* Hà Nội như tôi hiểu (2005)
* Con người – Môi trường – Văn hoá (2005)
# The Last Married Couple in America

The Last Married Couple in America is a 1980 comedy film released in the US.
It was directed by Gilbert Cates, whose most successful film Oh, God! Book II, was released in the same year. The film starred George Segal and Natalie Wood as a California couple in the late 1970s struggling to maintain their "happily married" status as all their friends begin to get divorces and seem to be caught up in the decadence of the sexual revolution and the "ME" era. This is the last completed theatrical release Natalie Wood made before her death in 1981.

## Plot

Life is going along smoothly for Jeff and Mari Thompson but not for any other couple they know, or so it seems. Everyone they know is getting divorced.
Their life is disrupted when Mari's old college friend, Barbara, comes into it and begins a fling with Jeff, which causes Mari to contemplate an affair of her own.

## Music

The theme song to this film is "We Could Have It All," sung by Maureen McGovern. The song became a hit on the adult contemporary charts of Canada (#6) and the U.S. (#16). It was written by Charles Fox and Norman Gimbel. Also featured on the soundtrack is Denise LaSalle's "I'm Trippin' on You", which was released as a single in 1981.

## Cast

* George Segal as Jeff Thompson
* Natalie Wood as Mari Thompson
* Richard Benjamin as Marv
* Valerie Harper as Barbara
* Bob Dishy as Howard
* Arlene Golonka as Sally
* Dom DeLuise as Walter
* Allan Arbus as Al
* Priscilla Barnes as Helena
* Catherine Hickland as Rebecca
* Sondra Currie as Lainy
* Oliver Clark as Max Dryden

## Box office

Upon release, the film was disappointing at the box office.
# Vaccinium bracteatum

Vaccinium bracteatum, the sea bilberry or Asiatic bilberry, is a species of Vaccinium native to Asia.

## Description

It is a small tree or large shrub, with dark purple edible fruit.

## Varieties

The following varieties are currently accepted:
* Vaccinium bracteatum var. chinense (Champ. ex Benth.) Chun ex Sleumer
* Vaccinium bracteatum var. obovatum C.Y.Wu & R.C.Fang
* Vaccinium bracteatum var. rubellum P.S.Hsu, J.X.Qiu, S.F.Huang & Y.Zhang
* Vaccinium bracteatum var. thysanocalyx (Dop) Smitinand & P.H.Hô

## Distribution and habitat

It is native to Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, Korea, southeast and south-central China, Hainan, Taiwan, mainland Southeast Asia, Java, and Sumatra.

## Uses

It is in semi-cultivation in China. Local people collect and consume the fruit. Additionally, a bluish-violet dye is extracted from the leaves, being used as a hair dye, for coloring vinegar, and in cooking. The dye turns black when cooked with rice, providing culinary interest.
# Ballyknockan

Ballyknockan or Ballynockan (/bæləˈnɒkən/ bal-ə-NOK-ən; Irish: Buaile an Chnocáin) is a village and townland in County Wicklow, Ireland.
Ballyknockan is situated on the western edge of a large granite band extending from Dublin Bay to County Carlow. Ballyknockan village is located 220 m (722 ft) above sea level and is around 40 km (25 mi) from Dublin.

## History

Commercial granite quarries were first opened in the early 1820s which lead to the development of the village. Many of the first workers came from nearby Manor Kilbride and the Golden Hill quarry there. According to an Ordnance survey of 1838, at the time almost half of the population of 400 were employed in the quarries.
Ballyknockan was an area of anti-landlord agitation during the Land War. In 1887, a widow and her family were to be evicted from their home. Men employed by her landlord knocked the roof of her house and evicted the family while they were at mass. A law at the time stated that if a house was built within a day with smoke coming out of the chimney, the occupants couldn’t be evicted. The community worked together and built a house in a day for them and the fire was lit, ensuring they could not be evicted. A plaque commemorating the event can be seen on the remains of the ruined cottage.
In 1940 the village of Balinahown was completely flooded and parts of the surrounding villages of Valleymount and Lacken were also flooded to make way for the Poulaphouca Reservoir which spans out over 20 km$^2$ (8 sq mi) across the land. Since then, the village overlooks the reservoir that provides water to thousands of Dublin homes and creates electricity, while also offering many water pursuits such as fishing, sailing, windsurfing, boating, and leisure cruising and canoeing.
Ballyknockan hosted KnockanStockan, an independent music festival which was held annually each summer from 2007 until 2019.

## Filming location

The following films have been filmed in part in Ballyknockan:
* Captain Boycott (1947)
# Commercial director

A commercial director is an executive responsible for managing the commercial department within an organization, or a specific commercial project.

## Filmmaking industry

In filmmaking industry, a commercial director is a film director who specializes in the creation of commercials, often for television, but sometimes also on film and of music videos (given that music videos are recognized as a form of advertising for the song featured in the video).

### Noted commercial directors

Noted directors of commercials include: Ridley Scott, Adrian Lyne, Hugh Hudson, Jean-Paul Goude, Jonathan Glazer, Michel Gondry, Spike Jonze, Joe Pytka, Tarsem Singh, Dougal Wilson and Tony Kaye, Norman Hafezi, Barry Myers. Music video directors who have gone on to feature film production include Michael Mann and Julien Temple.
# Mount Huber

Mount Huber is a 3,348-metre (10,984-foot) summit located two kilometres east of Lake O'Hara in the Bow Range of Yoho National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Victoria, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the north-northeast on the Continental Divide. Mount Huber is a secondary summit of Mount Victoria.

## History

Named in 1903 by Samuel Allen for Emil Huber, a Swiss climber, who, with Carl Sulzer, were first to climb Mount Sir Donald in the Selkirk Mountains. The first ascent of Mount Huber was made in 1903 by George Collier, E. Tewes, Christian Bohren, and Christian Kaufmann. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1924 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

## Geology

Mount Huber is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Huber is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C (−4 °F) with wind chill factors below −30 °C (−22 °F). Precipitation runoff from Mount Huber drains into tributaries of the Kicking Horse River which is a tributary of the Columbia River.

## Gallery

* Mount Huber seen above Lake O'Hara
* Mount Huber seen from Shaffer Lake
# Surendra Nath Naik

Surendra Nath Naik (17 May 1937 – 5 July 2024) was an Indian politician, a senior leader of the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), and a former minister in Odisha. He served seven terms as a Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly. Naik was a cabinet minister in the BJD-BJP coalition government led by Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik from 2000 to 2009, overseeing various portfolios including excise, revenue, school and mass education, and Panchayati Raj. Naik also served as the deputy chairman of the Odisha Planning Board from 2012 to 2014.

## Early life and education

Surendra Nath Naik was born on 17 May 1937, to Narayan Naik and married Charubala Devi. He was inspired to enter politics by Chief Minister Biju Patnaik. Naik's political journey began early, as he was active in politics since his student days. In 1968, he was arrested for protesting a bus fare increase and was again detained in 1975 under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA).

## Political career

Naik started his political career as Chairperson of the Astaranga Panchayat Samiti during 1960–1967. He was first elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly in 1971 from the Kakatpur constituency on an Utkal Congress ticket. He was re-elected six more times from the same constituency in 1977, 1985, 1990, 1995 (by-election), 2000, 2004, and 2009. Naik represented the 5th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th (by-election), 12th, and 13th Odisha Legislative Assembly sessions, respectively.
During his career, Naik served in several key roles. He was the Minister for Revenue and Excise in 1990 under Chief Minister Biju Patnaik. From 2002 to 2004, he held the position of Minister for School and Mass Education, and in 2004, he became the Minister for Agriculture. He was also appointed as deputy chairman, Odisha Planning Commission during the tenure of Naveen Patnaik government.
He served as Deputy Speaker of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 27 July 1977, to 17 February 1980. He was also imprisoned during the Emergency period due to his political activities.

## Political affiliation

Naik was associated with several political parties, including the Biju Janata Dal, Janata Party, Janata Dal, and Utkal Congress. He was often referred to as the Bhishma Pitamah of Odisha politics.

## Health and passing

Naik died on 5 July 2024, at his residence in Bhubaneswar at the age of 93. He had been suffering from a brain stroke since 2019. A guard of honour was held for him at the Odisha Legislative Assembly, where Speaker Surama Padhy, Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi, deputy chief ministers Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo and Pravati Parida, along with several ministers and MLAs, paid their tributes. His body was also taken to Sankha Bhawan, the BJD headquarters, where Leader of Opposition Naveen Patnaik, party leaders, and MLAs paid their final respects.
# Mstsislaw

Mstislaw or Mstislavl (Belarusian: Мсціслаў, romanized: Mscislaŭ, IPA: ; Russian: Мстиславль, IPA:; Polish: Mścisław, Lithuanian: Mstislavlis) is a town in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Mstsislaw District. In 2009, its population was 10,804. As of 2024, it has a population of 10,019.

## History

Mstislavl was first mentioned in the Ipatiev Chronicle in 1156. It was initially a part of the Principality of Smolensk, but had become the capital of the Principality of Mstislavl by 1180. In the Middle Ages, it was the seat of the Mstislavsky princely family. Pyotr Mstislavets is believed to have been born in Mstislavl.
In 1377, the town joined the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the free will of its residents. The first Lithuanian duke of Mstislavl was Karigaila, brother of Jogaila. The town remained part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Mścisław Voivodship until the Partitions of Poland in 1772.
Buildings of historic interest in the town include the Carmelite church (1637, renovated 1746–50) and the Jesuit cathedral (1640, renovated 1730–38, turned into an Orthodox cathedral in 1842).
Jews had a historic presence in the town. In 1939, there were 2,067 Jews living in Mstislavl, representing almost 20% of the local population. The German army occupied the town in July 1941. In early October, they killed 30 elderly Jews. On October 15, 1941, together with the local police, they murdered between 850 and 1,300 Jews.
The town is the birthplace of Jewish historian and writer Simon Dubnow, Jewish statesman and Communist politician Yakov Chubin, and expressionist artist Abraham A. Manievich, among others.

## Gallery

* Jesuit Collegium building, from the 17th century
* Mstislaw Male Gymnasium, from the beginning of the 19th century
* Alexander Nevsky Orthodox Cathedral, built in the 19th century on the foundation of an earlier Catholic Cathedral
* Orthodox Church
* Ruins of the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel
* Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
# Maryland Route 359

Maryland Route 359 (MD 359) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Bypass Road, the state highway runs 1.09 miles (1.75 km) from a dead end adjacent to the junction of U.S. Route 13 (US 13) and US 113 north to MD 756 within Pocomoke City. What is now MD 359 and unsigned MD 250A was part of a bypass of the center of Pocomoke City for the southernmost part of US 113 that was constructed in the mid-1930s. US 113 originally followed MD 756 to its southern terminus at what is now US 13 Business. The bypass was itself bypassed in the 1970s when US 113 was expanded to a four-lane divided highway to end at US 13.

## Route description

MD 359 begins at a dead end adjacent to Worcester Post 93 of the American Legion. The state highway heads north as a two-lane undivided road and meets American Legion Drive (unsigned MD 359B), which provides access to US 113 near its southern terminus at US 13. MD 359 continues north through a mix of residences and farms, meeting Carter Road, Byrd Road, and Groton Road at a five-way intersection. The state highway reaches its northern terminus at an oblique intersection with MD 756 (Old Snow Hill Road), a short distance west of MD 756's end at US 113.

## History

US 113 presently follows its third alignment in Pocomoke City. The first alignment, to which US 113 was assigned in 1927, began at US 13 (now US 13 Business) within the city limits, following Sixth Street and Linden Avenue to the western end of what is now MD 756. US 113 then followed MD 756 to its present intersection with US 113. The second alignment is followed by present-day MD 250A and MD 359 between US 13 (now US 13 Business) and MD 756, and MD 359A north of MD 756. This bypass was completed in 1936. The present US 113 four-lane divided highway was constructed in 1974, cutting off the second alignment's direct access to US 13, which had moved to its own four-lane divided bypass of Pocomoke City in 1963.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Pocomoke City, Worcester County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.00 | 0.00 | Cul-de-sac at American Legion | Southern terminus |
| 0.14 | 0.23 | American Legion Drive north to US 113 | Unsigned MD 359B |
| 1.09 | 1.75 | MD 756 (Old Snow Hill Road) to US 113 – Snow Hill | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||

## Auxiliary routes

MD 359 has two auxiliary routes. Both MD 359A and MD 359B were assigned at the same time as MD 359 shortly after the completion of the present alignment of US 113 in the 1970s.
* MD 359A is the designation for Olds Road, a 0.14-mile (0.23 km) spur from MD 756 north parallel to US 113 that serves a few residences. MD 359A is part of the original alignment of US 113.
* MD 359B is the designation for American Legion Drive, a 0.06-mile (0.097 km) connector between MD 359 and US 113 near the former's southern terminus.
# Maryland Route 383

Maryland Route 383 (MD 383) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Broad Run Jefferson Road, the state highway runs 5.48 miles (8.82 km) from MD 180 in Jefferson north to MD 17 near Burkittsville. MD 383 was built in four sections from MD 17 toward Jefferson between 1929 and 1953.

## Route description

MD 383 begins at a T intersection with MD 180 (Jefferson Pike) a short distance west of the center of Jefferson. The state highway heads northwest as a two-lane undivided road through farmland. MD 383 intersects Corun Road, which leads to the historic Lewis Mill Complex, before descending into the valley of and crossing Catoctin Creek. West of the creek, the state highway reaches a four-way intersection with south-facing St. Marks Road and Gapland Road, which heads west toward Burkittsville. MD 383 turns north to remain on Broad Run Road. The state highway passes Poffenberger Road and Sumantown Road as it veers west again. Poffenberger Road leads to the historic Poffenberger Road Bridge and Sumantown Road leads to the contemporary Catoctin Creek Park. MD 383 crosses a tributary of Broad Run and reaches another four-way intersection at the hamlet of Broad Run. Picnic Woods Road and Catholic Church Road head west and south, respectively, from the intersection. MD 383 turns north to its northern terminus at MD 17 (Burkittsville Road) about midway between Burkittsville and Middletown.

## History

The first portion of MD 383 was constructed as a concrete road from MD 33 (now MD 17) south to Broad Run in 1929 and 1930. The state highway was extended east as a macadam road to near the Poffenberger Road intersection in 1934 and 1935. By 1946, MD 383 was extended south and east to Catoctin Creek. The state highway was completed after the state route designation was extended to U.S. Route 340 (now MD 180) following the completion of a new bridge over Catoctin Creek in 1953.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Frederick County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Jefferson | 0.00 | 0.00 | MD 180 (Jefferson Pike) – Jefferson, Brunswick | Southern terminus |
| ​ | 5.48 | 8.82 | MD 17 (Burkittsville Road) – Burkittsville, Middletown | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Maryland Route 402

Maryland Route 402 (MD 402) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known for most of its length as Dares Beach Road, the state highway runs 4.33 miles (6.97 km) from MD 2/MD 4 in Prince Frederick east to Chesapeake Avenue in Dares Beach. MD 402 was mostly constructed in 1932. Both termini have changed multiple times; the state highway settled into its present routing in the late 1950s.

## Route description

MD 402 begins at an intersection with MD 2/MD 4, which run concurrently as Solomons Island Road, in the northern end of Prince Frederick. The roadway continues west as West Dares Beach Road to Prince Frederick Boulevard. MD 402 heads east as two-lane undivided Dares Beach Road, which intersects Armory Road at a roundabout and passes south of Calvert High School. The state highway passes through a forested area with scattered residential subdivisions. Between Prince Frederick and Dares Beach, MD 402 intersects Wilson Road, which heads north toward Plum Point. On the western edge of Dares Beach, the old alignment of MD 402, which is unsigned MD 768 (Dares Wharf Road), splits to the northeast. MD 402 continues east as Branch Street to its eastern terminus at Chesapeake Avenue, one block west of the Chesapeake Bay shoreline.

## History

MD 402 was constructed as a gravel road from MD 2 in Prince Frederick, which originally followed Armory Road, to Wilson Road near Dares Beach in 1932. When MD 2 was relocated on the north side of Prince Frederick around 1942, MD 402 was extended south along Armory Road to Main Street (then MD 2, now MD 765). The portion of Armory Road north of MD 402 was designated MD 750. In 1957, the state highway was extended east from Wilson Road to Dares Beach using what is now MD 768. MD 402 was removed from Armory Road the same year when the road was transferred to county control. The state highway was reconstructed with a wider bituminous concrete surface starting in 1957 from the Prince Frederick end. The reconstruction was completed in 1959, the same year the highway was extended to its present western terminus at MD 2. MD 402 was rerouted to its present eastern terminus in 1960.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Calvert County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Prince Frederick | 0.00 | 0.00 | MD 2 / MD 4 (Solomons Island Road) / West Dares Beach Road – Solomons, Annapolis, Upper Marlboro | Western terminus |
| Dares Beach | 3.85 | 6.20 | MD 768 north (Dares Wharf Road) | |
| Dares Beach | 4.33 | 6.97 | Chesapeake Avenue | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||