# List of ethnic origins of New Zealanders

In the most recent New Zealand census, in 2018, 70.2 per cent of the population identified as European and 16.5 per cent as Māori. Other major pan-ethnic groups include Asians (15.1 per cent) and Pacific peoples (8.1 per cent). Middle Eastern, Latin American and African ethnicities constitute a small remainder (1.5 per cent) of the population. When completing the census people could select more than one ethnic group and this list includes all of the stated ethnic groups if more than one is chosen.
New Zealand's ethnic diversity can be attributed to its history and location. For example, the country's colonisation by the UK is a core reason for its Western values and culture.

## Terminology

The New Zealand census invites respondents to identify with an ethnic group.
There are six major ethnic groupings:
* European New Zealanders (Pākehā) are a European ethnic group. It includes New Zealanders of European descent, European peoples (e.g. British, Irish, Dutch, German, Russian, Italian, Greek), and other peoples of indirect European descent (e.g. Americans, Canadians, Australians and South Africans,).
* Māori are the indigenous people of New Zealand.
* Pacific peoples (Pasifika) originate from other islands in the Pacific, including from the Cook Islands, Niue, and Tokelau, all of which are dependent states of New Zealand, as well as other places like Tuvalu, Palau, The Pitcairn Islands and Fiji.
* Asian New Zealanders are a pan-ethnic group deriving from various nations in the Asian continent, such as Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Indians, Filipinos, Vietnamese or their descendants.
* Middle Eastern, Latin American, African (MELAA), and Caribbean ethnicities constitute a very small remainder of the population.
* "Other" is a grouping of ethnic groups which do not fit into the other five top-level ethnic groups.

### Handling multiple ethnicities

Many respondents identify with multiple ancestries. Outputting data on multiple ethnicities is normally handled one of two ways: total response or prioritised ethnicity. For this list, the total response method is used.
Total response counts people of multiple ethnicities in each ethnic groups in which they identify. While this shows all the people that identify with a particular ethnicities, the sum of all ethnic group populations adds to more than the total population. For example, a person who identifies as New Zealand European and Māori would be counted twice, once under each ethnicity, under total response output.
Prioritised ethnicity counts people with multiple ethnicities in the highest-priority single ethnic group in which they identify. The order of priority for ethnicity, from highest to lowest, is Māori, Pacific peoples, Asian, MELAA, other and European. While it has the advantage that the sum of all ethnic groups equals the total population, the preferential order can cause ethnic groups to be overrepresented or underrepresented, and may categorise a person differently from their self-identified primary ethnicity. For example, a person who identifies as New Zealand European and Māori would be counted under the Māori ethnic group under prioritised ethnicity output.

## Ethnicities

Only ethnicities with 1,000 or more responses at the 2023 census are included individually:
| Code | Ethnicity | Ethnic group | Responses | Responses | Responses |
| Code | Ethnicity | Ethnic group | 2013 | 2018 | 2023 |
| 11111 | New Zealand European | European | 2,727,009 | 3,013,440 | 3,099,858 |
| 21111 | Māori | Māori | 598,605 | 775,836 | 887,493 |
| 42100 | Chinese nfd | Asian | 163,101 | 231,387 | 259,755 |
| 43100 | Indian nfd | Asian | 143,520 | 221,916 | 255,261 |
| 31111 | Samoan | Pacific | 144,138 | 182,721 | 213,069 |
| 41111 | Filipino | Asian | 40,350 | 72,612 | 108,297 |
| 33111 | Tongan | Pacific | 60,333 | 82,389 | 97,824 |
| 32100 | Cook Islands Māori nfd | Pacific | 61,077 | 80,532 | 94,176 |
| 12114 | English | European | 38,916 | 72,204 | 68,517 |
| 12948 | South African European | European | 28,656 | 37,155 | 48,930 |
| 61118 | New Zealander | Other | 65,973 | 45,330 | 42,684 |
| 44311 | Korean | Asian | 30,171 | 35,664 | 38,944 |
| 34111 | Niuean | Pacific | 23,883 | 30,867 | 34,944 |
| 12211 | Dutch | European | 28,503 | 29,820 | 30,948 |
| 12811 | Australian | European | 22,467 | 29,349 | 30,591 |
| 36111 | Fijian | Pacific | 14,445 | 19,722 | 25,038 |
| 43112 | Fijian Indian | Asian | 10,929 | 15,132 | 23,808 |
| 10000 | European nfd | European | 26,472 | 34,632 | 21,834 |
| 12116 | Irish | European | 14,193 | 17,835 | 21,261 |
| 12119 | Scottish | European | 14,412 | 18,627 | 19,767 |
| 44211 | Japanese | Asian | 14,118 | 18,141 | 19,488 |
| 12943 | American | European | 12,339 | 16,245 | 18,606 |
| 12711 | German | European | 12,810 | 16,818 | 17,565 |
| 52100 | Latin American nfd | MELAA | 5,622 | 9,798 | 15,861 |
| 44111 | Sinhalese | Asian | 1,017 | 9,171 | 14,436 |
| 41311 | Vietnamese | Asian | 6,660 | 10,086 | 14,157 |
| 41415 | Thai | Asian | 8,052 | 10,623 | 12,858 |
| 40000 | Asian nfd | Asian | 4,623 | 11,811 | 12,645 |
| 12100 | British nfd | European | 36,024 | 11,607 | 12,021 |
| 41211 | Cambodian | Asian | 8,601 | 9,672 | 11,514 |
| 51100 | Middle Eastern nfd | MELAA | 4,380 | 8,268 | 10,245 |
| 35111 | Tokelauan | Pacific | 7,173 | 8,676 | 9,822 |
| 52113 | Brazilian | MELAA | 2,868 | 6,663 | 9,216 |
| 43116 | Sikh | Asian | 213 | 192 | 9,111 |
| 61117 | Other South African | Other | 255 | 6,816 | 8,919 |
| 12945 | Canadian | European | 5,871 | 7,797 | 8,910 |
| 44411 | Afghani | Asian | 3,417 | 5,250 | 8,721 |
| 12924 | French | European | 4,593 | 7,677 | 8,451 |
| 41000 | Southeast Asian nfd | Asian | 1,272 | 6,219 | 8,235 |
| 42116 | Taiwanese | Asian | 5,715 | 6,570 | 8,163 |
| 44414 | Pakistani | Asian | 3,261 | 6,135 | 8,094 |
| 12935 | Russian | European | 5,979 | 7,713 | 8,040 |
| 41412 | Indonesian | Asian | 4,137 | 6,033 | 7,614 |
| 44413 | Nepalese | Asian | 1,590 | 3,630 | 6,948 |
| 37144 | Tuvaluan | Pacific | 3,537 | 4,653 | 6,585 |
| 12611 | Italian | European | 3,798 | 5,352 | 6,444 |
| 53100 | African nfd | MELAA | 6,822 | 7,221 | 6,402 |
| 12949 | Afrikaner | European | 1,197 | 789 | 6,069 |
| 42113 | Malaysian Chinese | Asian | 1,848 | 4,866 | 5,865 |
| 12121 | Welsh | European | 3,708 | 4,971 | 5,724 |
| 51115 | Iranian/Persian | MELAA | 3,198 | 4,425 | 5,613 |
| 44100 | Sri Lankan nfd | Asian | 9,561 | 4,245 | 5,100 |
| 41414 | Malaysian | Asian | 4,797 | 3,729 | 4,797 |
| 37124 | Kiribati | Pacific | 2,115 | 3,225 | 4,659 |
| 44112 | Sri Lankan Tamil | Asian | 732 | 3,501 | 4,221 |
| 43115 | Punjabi | Asian | 324 | 459 | 4,152 |
| 52114 | Chilean | MELAA | 1,686 | 2,886 | 4,083 |
| 12511 | Croatian | European | 2,673 | 2,946 | 3,609 |
| 44412 | Bangladeshi | Asian | 1,623 | 2,337 | 3,552 |
| 42111 | Hong Kong Chinese | Asian | 222 | 3,177 | 3,501 |
| 41411 | Burmese | Asian | 2,187 | 2,475 | 3,453 |
| 12411 | Polish | European | 2,163 | 2,871 | 3,360 |
| 12939 | Spanish | European | 2,043 | 2,773 | 3,162 |
| 12941 | Swiss | European | 2,388 | 2,649 | 2,880 |
| 52111 | Argentinian | MELAA | 726 | 1,824 | 2,826 |
| 12311 | Greek | European | 2,478 | 2,475 | 2,823 |
| 53127 | Other Zimbabwean | MELAA | | 1,068 | 2,760 |
| 51117 | Israeli/Jewish | MELAA | 1,353 | 1,854 | 2,757 |
| 51112 | Arab | MELAA | 2,919 | 2,994 | 2,640 |
| 12999 | European nec | European | 2,637 | 1,968 | 2,562 |
| 12920 | Danish | European | 1,986 | 2,214 | 2,496 |
| 51116 | Iraqi | MELAA | 2,583 | 2,688 | 2,490 |
| 53119 | Somali | MELAA | 1,617 | 1,701 | 2,376 |
| 43119 | South African Indian | Asian | | 1,632 | 2,340 |
| 30000 | Pacific Peoples nfd | Pacific | 1,026 | 2,724 | 2,271 |
| 52115 | Colombian | MELAA | 654 | 1,620 | 2,226 |
| 41499 | Southeast Asian nec | Asian | 723 | 1,638 | 2,223 |
| 61199 | Other ethnicity nec | Other | 150 | 4,017 | 2,163 |
| 12942 | Ukrainian | European | 852 | 1,281 | 2,151 |
| 53121 | Ethiopian | MELAA | 1,242 | 1,635 | 2,151 |
| 12940 | Swedish | European | 1,401 | 1,911 | 2,127 |
| 37140 | Tahitian | Pacific | 1,407 | 1,737 | 2,019 |
| 52123 | Mexican | MELAA | 711 | 1,425 | 1,965 |
| 12919 | Czech | European | 1,083 | 1,740 | 1,953 |
| 53199 | African nec | MELAA | 1,158 | 1,005 | 1,929 |
| 51120 | Lebanese | MELAA | 1,044 | 1,278 | 1,878 |
| 41413 | Laotian | Asian | 1,374 | 1,608 | 1,860 |
| 51114 | Egyptian | MELAA | 1,110 | 1,533 | 1,854 |
| 12926 | Hungarian | European | 1,365 | 1,638 | 1,788 |
| 51127 | Turkish | European | 957 | 1,320 | 1,779 |
| 12932 | Portuguese | European | 942 | 1,365 | 1,746 |
| 61113 | Indigenous American | Other | 750 | 1,278 | 1,623 |
| 12950 | Zimbabwean European | European | 1,617 | 1,872 | 1,497 |
| 42112 | Cambodian Chinese | Asian | 132 | 1,413 | 1,467 |
| 12933 | Romanian | European | 1,452 | 1,485 | 1,437 |
| 12931 | Norwegian | European | 810 | 1,131 | 1,410 |
| 53115 | Nigerian | MELAA | 291 | 636 | 1,365 |
| 12514 | Serbian | European | 1,056 | 1,284 | 1,347 |
| 12913 | Austrian | European | 1,029 | 1,272 | 1,338 |
| 37138 | Rotuman | Pacific | 783 | 981 | 1,323 |
| 44416 | Eurasian | Asian | 1,365 | 1,389 | 1,296 |
| 37135 | Papua New Guinean | Pacific | 807 | 1,131 | 1,290 |
| 53118 | Caribbean | MELAA | 807 | 1,047 | 1,284 |
| 37112 | Indigenous Australian | Pacific | 453 | 795 | 1,161 |
| 37145 | Ni Vanuatu | Pacific | 492 | 990 | 1,161 |
| 41417 | Chin | Asian | | 834 | 1,110 |
| 51113 | Assyrian | MELAA | 1,497 | 1,293 | 1,101 |
| 53116 | African American | MELAA | 510 | 855 | 1,083 |
| 43114 | Indian Tamil | Asian | 300 | 315 | 1,074 |
| 99999 | Not specified$^a$ | | 230,646 | 0 | |
* nfd – Not Further Defined (insufficient data to classify the response further)
* nec – Not Elsewhere Classified (when no category exists for the response)
* a – Includes Don't Know, Refused to Answer, Response Unidentifiable, Response Outside Scope and Not Stated
* MELAA – Middle Eastern, Latin American and African

## Ethnic groups by region
### In images

* European from 2006 to 2018
* Māori in 2018
* Asian in 2018
* Pacific peoples in 2018