OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Connecticut Route 172

Route 172 is a minor Connecticut state highway running entirely within the town of Southbury. The road serves the village of South Britain.

## Route description

Route 172 begins at an interchange with I-84 / US 6 (at exit 14) in western Southbury. It officially begins at the eastbound off-ramp at exit 14 of I-84, where it also intersects Main Street South, the surface route to Southbury center. Route 172 proceeds northward, following a C-curve route, crossing the Pomperaug River into the village of South Britain in the western part of Southbury about a mile later. The road continues north for another three miles (5 km) before ending at an intersection with Route 67 in northern Southbury. The entire route is known as South Britain Road and is classified as a collector road. It carries average volumes of 7,000 vehicles per day.

## History

Route 172 was created as part of the 1932 state highway renumbering from a previously unnumbered road. It was extended to an interchange with I-84 in 1963.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Southbury, New Haven County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.00 | 0.00 | I-84 (US 6) – Waterbury, Danbury | Southern terminus; exit 14 on I-84 |
| 4.45 | 7.16 | Route 67 – Southbury, Roxbury, Bridgewater, New Milford | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||
# Connecticut Route 176

Route 176 is a state highway in central Connecticut, running from the Berlin Turnpike in southern Newington to the Newington–Hartford town line. A section of Route 176 in Newington from its southern terminus to Route 175 is designated the "Newington VFD Memorial Highway".

## Route description

Route 176 begins at an intersection with the Berlin Turnpike (US 5 and Route 15) in southern Newington. It heads north, intersecting with the eastern end of Route 174 and the western end of Route 287 as it proceeds towards the town center. At the town center, Route 176, has a junction with Route 175, the main east–west route through the town. After about a mile, Route 176 turns northeast to follow Hartford Avenue. It ends after another mile at the Hartford town line. The road continues into Hartford as Newington Avenue, a local street in the southwest corner of Hartford.

## History

Route 176 was established in 1932, originally running north into Hartford and ending at New Britain Avenue (then Route 71). The original route continued along Main Street and South Street instead of using Hartford Avenue, which at the time was part of Route 175. In 1940, the Hartford Avenue section of Route 175 was transferred to Route 176 and the section of Route 176 north of that point was re-designated Route 176A. In 1962, Route 176 was truncated at the Hartford town line and Route 176A was turned over to the towns.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Hartford County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Newington | 0.00 | 0.00 | US 5 / Route 15 (Berlin Turnpike) – New Haven, Hartford | Southern terminus |
| Newington | 0.64 | 1.03 | Route 174 west – New Britain | Eastern terminus of Route 174 |
| Newington | 1.17 | 1.88 | Route 287 east – Wethersfield | Western terminus of Route 287 |
| Newington | 1.99 | 3.20 | Route 175 – New Britain, Wethersfield | |
| Newington–Hartford line | 4.14 | 6.66 | Newington Avenue – Hartford | Continuation north |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Connecticut Route 177

Route 177 is a state highway in central Connecticut, running from Plainville to Canton.

## Route description

Route 177 begins as Town Line Road at an intersection with Route 10 in Plainville, just north of the Southington town line. It heads west for 0.2 miles (0.32 km) then turns north onto South Washington Street. From this intersection, South Washington Street continues one way southbound into Southington as Birch Street (SR 532), and ends at Route 10. Route 177 continues north along South Washington Street to the town center of Plainville, where it intersects with Route 372 and becomes North Washington Street. After crossing the Pequabuck River, it soon has a junction with Route 72, connecting with it via a partial interchange allowing access to and from points east. North of the intersection, the road becomes Unionville Avenue as it continues north into the town of Farmington.
In Farmington, the road becomes Plainville Avenue and continues north across the southwestern part of town, passing Tunxis Community College before intersecting with U.S. Route 6 about 0.6 miles (0.97 km) north of the town line. Route 177 soon enters the Unionville section of Farmington, where the road becomes South Main Street. After crossing the Farmington River into the center of Unionville, it intersects Route 4. North of here, Route 177 continues as Lovely Street. Route 177 runs about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) in the western portion of the town of Avon then enters the town of Canton. The road ends 0.7 miles (1.1 km) later at an intersection with US 44 and US 202 near Bond Pond in Canton center.

## History

The route from Plainville to Unionville was designated in 1922 as State Highway 160, while that from Unionville to Canton center was known as State Highway 320. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, these two state highways were combined into a single route, Route 177. Similar to the older highways it replaced, Route 177 originally ran from Route 372 (then Route 72) in Plainville to its current northern terminus at US 44 in Canton. In 1962, it was extended south to its current southern terminus.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Hartford County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Plainville | 0.00 | 0.00 | Route 10 – Southington, Farmington | Southern terminus |
| Plainville | 0.23 | 0.37 | Birch Street (SR 532 south) | |
| Plainville | 1.56 | 2.51 | Route 372 – Forestville, New Britain | |
| Plainville | 2.09 | 3.36 | Route 72 east – New Britain | Exit 5 on Route 72 |
| Farmington | 4.14 | 6.66 | US 6 – Bristol, Hartford | |
| Farmington | 7.87 | 12.67 | Route 4 – West Hartford, Burlington | |
| Canton | 12.57 | 20.23 | US 44 / US 202 – Avon, Winsted, Torrington | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Tyndall Glacier (Alaska)

Tyndall Glacier is a valley/tidewater glacier in the U.S. state of Alaska. The glacier lies immediately west of 141° West longitude, within the boundaries of the Wrangell–Saint Elias Wilderness, itself part of Wrangell–St. Elias National Park & Preserve, in the borough of Yakutat, Alaska.
Named for John Tyndall (a 19th-century Irish physicist, natural philosopher, and glaciologist), Tyndall Glacier originates in the basin formed by the southwestern face of Mount Saint Elias (the second-tallest mountain in the United States and the fourth-tallest in North America), as well as Mount Huxley, The Hump, and Haydon Peak in the Saint Elias Mountains. From there it extends 19 kilometers, trending southwest and terminating in Taan Fjord, an arm of Icy Bay. Together with the Yahtse and Guyot glaciers, it once occupied the entirety of Icy Bay; as the glaciers have retreated the bay has opened up.
Tyndall Glacier is sometimes used as a landing area for bush planes by parties seeking to climb Mount Saint Elias, as it was during the first winter ascent of the peak.

## History

Tyndall Glacier first started to advance out of Taan Fjord around AD 1400, and reached its Little Ice Age maximum length at the mouth of Icy Bay at some point prior to 1794, when George Vancouver mapped the ice extending out from Icy Bay. Tyndall Glacier then began to retreat in 1905. Between 1938 and 1961, Tyndall Glacier's terminus—where the glacier ends and calves into the fjord—retreated approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi), until it separated from Guyot Glacier in Icy Bay around 1961.
After that, the Tyndall Glacier then retreated approximately another 10.5 mi (16.9 km) between 1961 and 1991. According to a 2006 study, in the previous 40 years the glacier lost approximately half of its 1961 volume (equivalent to 3.19 × 10$^{10}$ m$^3$) and the glacier's thickness decreased by over 300 meters at its terminus. Since 1991, the glacier's retreat has stabilized, with a terminus at a "shallow bedrock constriction at the head of the fjord," called Hoof Hill.
Mountaineer and explorer Bradford Washburn noted in 1992 that the glacier's retreat has meant that the summit of Mount Saint Elias is only twelve miles from tidewater, exacerbating the peak's immense vertical relief.

### 2015 landslide and megatsunami

Tyndall Glacier and Icy Bay are notable for being the site of an enormous landslide and subsequent megatsunami in 2015.
# John Edgar Hawkins

John Edgar Hawkins (September 19, 1869 – September 7, 1944) was a politician in Arkansas. He served as mayor of Magnolia, Arkansas in 1903, 1904, 1906, 1907 and served in the state legislature representing Columbia County, Arkansas from 1915 to 1916.
His father H. T. Hawkins was a state legislator for 25 years, born in Alabama to a family from Georgia related to prominent leaders of that state.
Hawkins was chairman of the Columbia County Democratic Central Committee.
# Connecticut Route 200

Route 200 is a state highway in northeastern Connecticut, running entirely within Thompson. It connects the town center to I-395.

## Route description

Route 200 begins at an intersection with Route 12 within the town of Thompson. It heads east and southeast, intersecting I-395 at Exit 50 about 1.1 miles (1.8 km) later. It then continues on its southeast track until it ends at an intersection with Route 193 in Thompson center.

## History

Most of modern Route 200 was part of the Thompson Turnpike, which was part of a route between Providence and Springfield. In 1922, Route 200 and the piece of modern Route 193 between Route 12 and Thompson center, was designated as State Highway 185, a loop route of New England Route 12 to serve Thompson center. Modern Route 200 was established as part of the 1932 state highway renumbering, and originally extended southeast of Thompson center along Quaddick Road to the village of Quaddick. As part of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 200 was truncated to end at Route 193 in Thompson center. In the late 1960s, an interchange with I-395 (then Route 52) was constructed.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Thompson, Windham County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.00 | 0.00 | Route 12 – Webster, MA, Putnam | Western terminus |
| 1.16 | 1.87 | I-395 – Norwich, Worcester, MA | Exit 50 on I-395; former Route 52 |
| 1.87 | 3.01 | Route 193 – Mechanicsville, Webster, MA | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||
# Connecticut Route 205

Route 205 is a state highway in eastern Connecticut, running from the village of Wauregan in Plainfield to the town center of Brooklyn.

## Route description

Route 205 begins at an intersection with Route 12 in the village of Wauregan in the north western corner of the town of Plainfield. It heads northwest about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) across the Quinebaug River into the town of Brooklyn. In Brooklyn, it continues northwest through the southeastern part of town until its end at an intersection with Route 169 in the town center of Brooklyn. Route 205 is known as Wauregan Road for its entire length.

## History

In 1922, the road connecting the village of Wauregan and Brooklyn center was designated as a primary state highway known as Highway 144. Highway 144 was renumbered to Route 205 as part of the 1932 state highway renumbering. The route had no major changes since, other than a partial realignment in Brooklyn in 1999.

## Junction list

The entire route is in Windham County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Plainfield | 0.00 | 0.00 | Route 12 – Danielson, Plainfield | Southern terminus |
| Brooklyn | 3.81 | 6.13 | Route 169 – Pomfret, Canterbury | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Connecticut Route 219

Route 219 is a state highway in northern Connecticut, running from New Hartford to Granby.

## Route description

Route 219 begins at an intersection with US 202 in southern New Hartford and heads north, northeast, and east before crossing the West Branch Farmington River at the town center. It then continues east to cross the East Branch Farmington River before turning north along the eastern shore of the McDonough Reservoir into Barkhamsted. In Barkhamsted, it continues north along the east shore of the McDonough Reservoir to its northern end, then turns northeast. It briefly overlaps Route 179 before continuing northeast into Granby. In Granby, it continues northeast to end at an intersection with Route 20.
The section of Route 219 from the East Branch Farmington River in New Hartford to Route 318 in Barkhamsted is designated a scenic road.

## History

Route 219 was commissioned in 1935 from an unsigned state road (old SR 711), running from the current route of US 202 to US 44 in New Hartford, along a route including Bridge Street and Cottage Street. In 1944, Route 219 took over part of Route 179, extending it to Barkhamsted. In 1955, a section of Steele Road in New Hartford that had been town-maintained was added to the state highway system, completing state-maintenance of the route. Later in the same year, the Cottage Street Bridge was destroyed in a flood, temporarily severing the route. In 1959, the New Hartford section of the route was rerouted to its current location over a new bridge. In 1960, Route 219 was extended to its current northern terminus over a former section of Route 181 (SR 721).

## Junction list

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Litchfield | New Hartford | 0.00 | 0.00 | US 202 – Torrington, Canton | Southern terminus |
| Litchfield | New Hartford | 4.63 | 7.45 | US 44 – Winsted, Hartford | |
| Litchfield | Barkhamsted | 8.66 | 13.94 | Route 318 west – Pleasant Valley | Eastern terminus of Route 318 |
| Litchfield | Barkhamsted | 11.14 | 17.93 | Route 179 south – Canton | Southern end of Route 179 concurrency |
| Litchfield | Barkhamsted | 11.20 | 18.02 | Route 179 north – East Hartland | Northern end of Route 179 concurrency |
| Hartford | Granby | 14.98 | 24.11 | Route 20 – Windsor Locks, East Hartland | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus ||||||
# Moira Abernethy

Moira Abernethy-Ford (born 29 May 1939) is a South African former backstroke and freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Gasterosteus

Gasterosteus is a genus of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Gasterosteidae, the sticklebacks. These fishes are found in freshwater, brackish water and marine habitats in the Holarctic region.

## Species

There are currently 6 recognized species in this genus:
* Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Three-spined stickleback)
* †Gasterosteus crenobiontus Băcescu & R. Mayer, 1956 (Techirghiol stickleback)
* Gasterosteus islandicus Sauvage, 1874 (Iceland stickleback)
* Gasterosteus microcephalus Girard, 1854 (Smallhead stickleback)
* Gasterosteus nipponicus Higuchi, Sakai & A. Goto, 2014
* Gasterosteus wheatlandi Putnam, 1867 (Black-spotted stickleback)
Additionally there are a number of fossil species including:
* †Gasterosteus abnormis Gretchina, 1981 (middle Miocene of Sakhalin, Russia)
* †Gasterosteus doryssus (Jordan, 1907) (=Merriamella doryssa Jordan, 1907, G. apodus Mural, 1973) (late Miocene of Nevada, USA)
* †Gasterosteus kamoensis Nazarkin, Yabumoto & Urabe, 2013 (Late Miocene of Japan)
* †Gasterosteus orientalis Sychevskaya, 1981 (middle Miocene of Kamchatka, Russia)
Fossils of essentially modern three-spined sticklebacks, assigned to G. aculeatus, are known from the mid-late Miocene of California, USA.
# Florida State Road 925

State Road 925 (SR 925) is a pair of north-south roads in Miami, Florida connecting westbound SR 968 with the Interstate 95 (I-95) exits on Northwest 8th Street. The northbound road is known locally as Northwest 3rd Avenue and runs 0.565 miles (0.909 km). The southbound road is known as Northwest 3rd Court and runs 0.506 miles (0.814 km). The roads run parallel Interstate 95 on opposite sides and serve as frontage roads for exits 2B and 3B off of the highway. The SR 925 designation was created in 2014 as part of a jurisdictional swap over various roadways between the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) and the City of Miami.

## Route description

Northbound SR 925 begins at SR 968 west and heads one-way north. It passes by the I-95 exit 2B off-ramp to Northwest 2nd Street, as well as the Miami-Dade County Juvenile Services Department, before entering a school zone assigned for the Downtown Miami Charter School. After intersecting Northwest 8th Street, an END SR 925 shield signals the northern terminus at the foot of the I-95 northbound on-ramp off Northwest 3rd Avenue.
Southbound SR 925 begins at the intersection of Northwest 8th Street and the I-95 exit 3B off-ramp, also accessible via SR 836 east. The road travels south down Northwest 3rd Court, passing Camillus House, apartment complexes, and Lummus Park. At the Northwest 2nd Street intersection exists an exit ramp that serves as both an I-95 southbound entrance, as well as a flyover ramp to connect motorists with US 41/SR 90. After traveling two more blocks south, the road terminates at SR 968 west.

## History

SR 925 was created as a condition by FDOT in order to transfer a segment of Brickell Avenue that once carried US Highway 1 (US 1) to the City of Miami. In exchange, the city transferred Northwest 6th Avenue & Northwest 6th Court, as well as Northwest 14th Street (SR 960) over to FDOT.

## Major intersections

Mileage follows the northbound lanes. The southbound lanes are slightly shorter, at 0.506 miles (0.814 km) long. The entire route is in Miami, Miami-Dade County.
| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| 0.000 | 0.000 | SR 968 (Flagler Street) | |
| 0.119 | 0.192 | I-95 south / US 41 (Southwest 7th Street) / Brickell Avenue | Southbound exit and northbound entrance; exits 2A-B on I-95 |
| 0.565 | 0.909 | I-95 north / Northwest 3rd Avenue north | Exit 3B on I-95; northbound lanes continues north without designation |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Incomplete access ||||
# Emmanuel Obeng Mensah

Emmanuel Obeng Mensah (1 October 1934 – 1996 or 1997) was a Ghanaian politician and was a member of the First Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana from 1993 to 1997 representing Wenchi East Constituency under the membership of the National Democratic Congress.

## Early life and education

Mensah was born on 1 July 1934. He attended University of Ghana, Legon. He worked as an educationist before going into parliament.

## Politics

Mensah began his political career in 1992 when he became the parliamentary candidate for the National Democratic Congress (NDC) to represent his constituency in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana prior to the commencement of the 1992 Ghanaian parliamentary election.
He was sworn into the First Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana on 7 January 1993 after being pronounced winner at the 1992 Ghanaian election held on 29 December 1992.
He lost his candidacy to his fellow party comrade Hayford Osei Kwadwo before the commencement of the 1996 Ghanaian general elections. Hayford thereafter lost the election to his counterpart Alhaji Moctar Musah Bambah of the New Patriotic Party who polled 37.30% of the total valid votes cast which was equivalent to 13,694 votes while Hayford polled 33.50% of the total valid votes cast as well which was equivalent to 12,283 votes.

## Death

Mensah died whilst in office, in 1996 or 1997.
# Kilangalanga

Kilangalanga is a ward in the Pwani Region of Tanzania. It is located in Kibaha District. According to the 2022 census, the population of Kilangalanga is 2,657. There are 4,784 males and 5,200 females. There are 2,819 households with an average household size of 3.5. The ward covers an area of 16.84 km$^2$ (6.50 sq mi). It has 1,946 buildings in total.
# Haram Church

Haram Church (Norwegian: Haram kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Haram Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Austnes on the island of Haramsøya. It is one of the churches for the Haram og Fjørtoft parish which is part of the Nordre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in an octagonal design in 1838 using plans drawn up by the parish priest Peder Thomas Buschmann. The church seats about 240 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to 1432, but it was not new at that time. The first Haram Church was a wooden stave church that was located on the west coast of the island of Haramsøya, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of the present church site. The church was possibly built in the 14th century. In 1668, the stave church was described as having a rectangular nave with a choir (on the east end) and porch (on the west end) with a hallway around the whole building.
In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.
Over time, the church became dilapidated and in need of repair or replacement. In the 1830s, it was decided to build a new church, however it would be built on the other side of the island which is where most of the island's residents lived. The new site was about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) away from the old, medieval church site. In 1838, a new Haram Church was completed in the village of Austnes, on the southeastern tip of the island. The altar, pulpit, and altarpiece as well as some other materials and decorations from the old church were reused in the new octagonal building. The building was based on the design of the old Hareid Church and it was designed by the parish priest Peder Thomas Buschmann. The new building was consecrated on 4 November 1838. Shortly after the completion of the new church, the old church was torn down. In 1878, the church was renovated by adding a new sacristy and a new neo-Gothic tower was constructed. In 1993, the church was severely damaged in a fire. It was rebuilt shortly after the fire.