OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francois Louw

Francois Louw (born 15 June 1985) is a South African former professional rugby union player. A flanker, he played for Western Province, the Stormers and English club Bath. He won 76 international caps for South Africa, and was part of the team that won the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

## Early life

Louw was born in Cape Town and is the grandson of the former South African international Jan Pickard. He attended Bishops College in Cape Town and studied rugby at the University of Stellenbosch.

## Playing career

He represented the Stormers in Super Rugby, having made his debut during the 2008 season. He also played for Western Province in the Currie Cup. Louw was part of the Stormers team that lost the 2010 Super 14 Final to the Bulls.
On 12 July 2011 it was announced that Louw signed for Bath Rugby on a 3-year deal.

### International

Following the Super 14 season, Louw made his debut for South Africa against Wales at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff. He played the entire game as South Africa won 34–31. Louw was selected for South Africa's next match, against France at his home ground, Newlands Stadium in Cape Town. Louw scored the last of five tries, helping South Africa to a 42–17 victory. After taking part in South Africa's victorious two-match series against Italy, including a try in the first Test, Louw made his Tri Nations debut in July 2010. It was the first time Louw experienced defeat as a Springbok, with New Zealand winning the game 32–12.
He has become a mainstay in the Springbok side, becoming the first choice openside flank under the reign of Heyneke Meyer. He had the second most turnovers won at the 2015 Rugby World Cup with 13. He has also shown strong running and some skilful play. In 2013, against the All Blacks at Ellis Park, he made a strong run then an offload in the tackle to set up Bryan Habana for a try.
Louw was named in South Africa's squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup. South Africa won the tournament, defeating England in the final.
# Johann Muller (rugby union)

Gysbert Johannes Muller, more commonly known as Johann Muller (born 6 January 1980 in Mossel Bay, South Africa), is a South African former rugby union player. Muller played as a lock for the Sharks (Currie Cup), Sharks in (Super Rugby) and his country's national side Springboks, before he moved to Northern Ireland to play with Ulster in 2010, where became team captain, before retiring at the end of the 2013–2014 season.

## Career

Muller made his debut for the Springboks against Scotland in 2006 at ABSA Stadium. He would then earn a further 5 caps, 4 of which being as a member of the starting 15. Muller made his provincial debut in 2001 and his Super 14 debut the following year. Muller was selected into the Springboks squad for the 2007 home tests and the 2007 Tri Nations on the basis of a strong 2007 Super 14 performance.

### 2007 Tri Nations

During the latter part of the competition, Springbok coach Jake White decided to rest his top players from touring Australia and New Zealand. White stated that the players that were taken on this tour would be playing for places in the Springboks 2007 Rugby World Cup squad. Muller was included in the squad chosen to tour.
He was named captain in the match against the All Blacks on 14 July 2007 after original tour captain Bob Skinstad was injured in the match against the Wallabies. Muller performed well in both matches. He was then rewarded with a place in the squad for the 2007 Rugby World Cup.

## Ulster Rugby

Johann Muller joined Ulster Rugby in 2010, where his solid performances saw him selected as the captain of the team. Though his regular game-time was diminishing due to the more regular onset of injury, he brought to the table his organisation skills and leadership. On 7 February 2014, it was announced that Johann Muller would retire at the end of the season.
# Laureano Gómez bridge

The Laureano Gómez bridge (Spanish: Puente Laureano Gómez), popularly known as Pumarejo bridge (Spanish: Puente Pumarejo) after its promoter Alberto Pumarejo, is a bridge in Colombia, built over the Magdalena River to connect the Salamanca Island Road Park and the city of Barranquilla. The bridge was designed by Riccardo Morandi and built by an Italian-Colombian group between 1970 and 1974. The entire bridge is based on piles that go down to 30 meters (98 ft) below the water level and is 1,500 meters (4,900 ft) long and 12.5 meters (41 ft) wide, with a main span of 140 meters (460 ft), and is built of concrete.
This Pumarejo Bridge, which has generated controversy since its design stage because of its poor technical characteristics, especially its limited gauge which prevented the development of river navigation on the Magdalena River, was replaced on 20 December 2019 by the new Alberto Pumarejo bridge. The old bridge will possibly be demolished, at least the central part, which prevents river navigation.
# Scirpophaga linguatella

Scirpophaga linguatella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Fu-Qiang Chen, Shi-Mei Song and Chun-Sheng Wu in 2006. It is found in Yunnan, China.
Both the forewings and hindwings are uniform white.
# Keshan Wijerathne

Keshan Wijerathne (born 28 March 1996) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Colts Cricket Club in the 2016–17 Premier League Tournament on 21 December 2016.
# Édouard Pail

Édouard Pail (17 October 1851, Corbigny - 6 December 1916, Villeneuve-le-Roi) was a French landscape and animal painter; primarily of sheep.

## Biography

His father was a painter from Piémont, and his mother was a native of Corbigny. His initial studies were with a local painter and engraver, Hippolyte Lavoignat [fr], a friend of Camille Corot. Later, he studied at the School of Fine Arts in Nevers. His first exhibition came in 1870, with two landscapes he presented at the Salon. He became a teacher in Nevers in 1877, but left there to return to Paris in 1880.
During the 1880s, he travelled extensively; to England, Egypt, Palestine and Algeria, where he was married in 1886. He then settled permanently in Paris, although he paid visits to Corbigny every summer. His exhibits at the Salon were an annual event, and he became a member there in 1888; winning a medal in 1893. In 1896, he was named a member of the Académie française.
His canvases were primarily landscapes of the areas around Nivernais, in the style of the École de Crozant, with which he was associated. He was a great enthusiast for painting en plein aire. many of his colors give an impression of mistiness.
His works may be seen at the Musée des beaux-arts de Brest [fr], Musée d'art et d'histoire Romain-Rolland [fr], Musée d'art Roger-Quilliot [fr] and the Musée Hyacinthe-Rigaud [fr].

## Sources

* Lydia Harambourg, Dictionnaire des peintres paysagistes français au xixe siècle, Ides et Calendes, 1985 ISBN 978-2-8258-0014-0
* Christophe Rameix, L’École de Crozant : Les peintres de la Creuse et de Gargilesse. 1850-1950, Éditions Lucien Souny, 1991-2002 ISBN 978-2-911551-87-1
* Marion Vidal-Bué, Les Peintres de l’autre rive, Alger 1830-1930, Cannes, Musée de la Castre, 2003.
* Guy Marin, Jeanne Reimbolte, élève de Edouard Pail à Saint-Honoré-les-Bains, 2014 ISBN 978-2-9533974-9-9
# Anne-Monika Spallek

Anne-Monika Spallek (born 16 January 1968 in Nottuln) is a German politician for the Alliance 90/The Greens and a Bundestag member since 2021.
# Avantax

Avantax is a tax-focused independent broker-dealer in the United States. On November 28, 2023, Cetera completed the acquisition of Avantax.

## History

Avantax (originally Blucora, Inc.) was formed in 1996 as a Delaware corporation. Significant recent events in Avantax’s history include:
| Year | Event |
| 2015 | Blucora announces acquisition of HD Vest |
| 2019 | Avantax closed the acquisition of all the issued and outstanding common stock of 1st Global, a tax-focused wealth management company. |
| 2020 | Avantax acquired all of the issued and outstanding common stock of HFKS. |
| 2021 | Avantax announced the rebranding of HKFS to Avantax Planning Partners. |
| 2023 | Avantax changed its corporate name from Blucora, Inc. to Avantax, Inc. |
# Thargelia (hetaera)

Thargelia (Ancient Greek: Θαργηλία) was a renowned hetaera in ancient Greece who is said to have been married fourteen times.
According to Plutarch, she was born in Ionia and "made her onslaughts upon the most influential men" of her times. Thargelia was noted for her physical beauty and was endowed with grace of manners as well as clever wits. Plutarch asserts that Thargelia "attached all her consorts to the King of Persia" and sought for the spreading of Persian sympathy in the cities of Greece by means of her clients, "who were men of the greatest power and influence". She is said to have lived for a long time in Thessaly, where she successfully propagandized the Persian policy.

## Citations

* 1 2 Plutarch, Pericles, XXIV
* ↑ "Thargelia". Encyclopaedia The Helios. 1952.
* This ancient Greek biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# George Frederick Shrady Jr.

George Frederick Shrady Jr. M.D. (October 11, 1861 – April 5, 1933) was the Coroner of New York County, New York, in 1906, and head of the Aqueduct Police.

## Biography

He was born on October 11, 1861, to Dr. George Frederick Shrady Sr. (1830–1907) and Mary Lewis (1843–1883) of New York City. His siblings were Henry Merwyn Shrady, Charles Douglas Shrady, and Minnie E. Shrady (1864–1933). George Jr. married Katharine Wolfe Ambrose (1862–1945), daughter of the brilliant civil engineer, John Wolfe Ambrose, on Oct. 10, 1887, in Manhattan. Meanwhile, his sister, Minnie, married Katharine Wolfe Ambrose's brother, John Fremont Ambrose, who became the City's Department of Docks and Ferries Superintendent. George Jr. served as the Coroner of New York County, New York in 1906. He was head of the Aqueduct Police around 1910. He died on April 5, 1933, in Manhattan, New York City. He is buried at Green-Wood Cemetery, in Brooklyn, New York, alongside his wife, Katharine, in the Ambrose Family Plot.
# Asaf Ali

Asaf Ali (11 May 1888 – 2 April 1953) was an Indian independence activist and noted lawyer. He was the first Indian Ambassador to the United States. He also served as the Governor of Odisha.

## Education

Asaf Ali was educated at St. Stephen's College, Delhi. He was called to bar from Lincoln's Inn in England.

## Indian National Movement

In 1914, the British declaration of war against the Ottoman Empire had a large effect on the Indian Muslim community. Asaf Ali supported the Ottomans and resigned from the Privy Council. He saw this as an act of non-cooperation and returned to India in December 1914. Upon his return to India, Asaf Ali became heavily involved in the nationalist movement.
He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly in 1935 as a member of the Muslim Nationalist Party. He then became significant as a Congress member and was appointed deputy leader.
The last of several spells of imprisonment which Asaf Ali courted during the freedom movement was in the wake of the 'Quit India' resolution adopted by the All India Congress Committee in August 1942. He was detained at Ahmednagar Fort jail along with Jawaharlal Nehru and other members of the Congress Working Committee.

## Post 1946

He was in charge of the Railways and Transport in the Interim Government of India headed by Jawaharlal Nehru from 2 September 1946. He served as the first Indian Ambassador to the United States from February 1947 to mid-April 1947.

## Post independence

Asaf Ali was first Indian Ambassador to United States. He was appointed governor of Odisha for two terms and later, Indian Ambassador to Switzerland.

## Legal career

Asaf Ali rose to become one of the most respected lawyers in the country. He defended Batukeshwar Dutt as a lawyer.
In 1945, Ali came to be the convener of the INA defence team established by the Congress for the defense of the officers of the Indian National Army charged with treason later in November 1945.
Bhagat Singh was charged with attempt to murder under section 307 of the Indian Penal Code. Asaf Ali, a member of the Congress Party was his lawyer.

## Personal life

In 1928, he married Aruna Asaf Ali, a marriage that raised eyebrows on the grounds of religion (Asaf Ali was a Muslim while Aruna was a Hindu) and age difference (Aruna was 20 years junior to him). She is widely remembered for hoisting the Indian National Congress flag at the Gowalia Tank maidan in Bombay during the Quit India Movement, 1942. Later Aruna Asaf Ali was honored with India's highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna, for her work.

## Death and legacy

Ali died in office in Bern on 2 April 1953, while serving as India's ambassador to Switzerland. In 1989, India Post brought out a stamp in his honor.
# Suppasek Kaikaew

Suppasek Kaikaew (Thai: ศุภเสกข์ ไก่แก้ว, born December 12, 1986), formerly Pakin Kaikaew or Ubon Kaikaew, is a Thai professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Pluakdaeng United.

## International career

In October 2014, Suppasek debuted for Thailand against China.

### International

    As of 12 November 2015
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Thailand | 2014 | 1 | 0 |
| Thailand | Total | 1 | 0 |

## Honours
### Clubs

Chonburi
* Thai FA Cup: 2010
Bangkok Glass
* Thai FA Cup: 2014
# Supphakorn Ramkulabsuk

Supphakorn Ramkulabsuk (Thai: ศุภกร รามกุหลาบสุข; born October 19, 1989) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a striker.

## Honours

Air Force Central
* Thai Division 1 League: 2013
# Aekkaphop Saensra

Aekkaphop Saensra (Thai: เอกภพ แสนสระ) is a Thai footballer.

## Honours
### Clubs

Buriram United
* U-19 Thailand Championship Champions; 2012
* U-19 Thailand Championship MVP; 2012
# Paitoon Nontadee

Paitoon Nontadee (Thai: ไพฑูรย์ นนทะดี, born August 11, 1987), simply known as Aum (Thai: อุ้ม) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a winger.

## International career

He made his debut for the Thailand national team in May 2010 against South Africa.

### International

    As of 12 November 2015
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Thailand | 2010 | 1 | 0 |
| Thailand | Total | 1 | 0 |

## Honours
### Clubs
#### Muangthong United

* Thai Premier League (1): 2010
* Kor Royal Cup (1): 2010
# Budsabakorn Sukapan

Budsabakorn "Nook" Sukapan (Thai: บุษบากร สุขพันธ์; born: 11 September 1997) is a Thai professional golfer playing on the LPGA of Japan Tour. As an amateur, she was a dual medalist in the 2014 Asian Games, winning a silver in the women's individual event, and the first ever gold medal for Thailand in the women's team event with Benyapa Niphatsophon and Supamas Sangchan.

## Early life

Sukapan was born on 11 September 1997 in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Sukapan started playing golf at the age of 9 years old. Her hobbies include watching movies and listening to music.

## Amateur career

Sukapan secured a gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games in the women's team event with Benyapa Niphatsophon and Supamas Sangchan which was the first gold medal to be earned by Thailand in women's golf event at the Asian Games. She also went on to win a silver in the women's individual event.

## Professional career

Sukapan turned professional in 2014. She captured her first career China LPGA Tour win at the 2015 Srixon XXIO Ladies Open.
In December 2015, Sukapan finished tied for 2nd at the final stage LPGA Qualifying Tournament to earn LPGA Membership for the 2016 season. In the 2016 LPGA Tour, she played 19 events and made five cuts.
In 2019, Sukapan played in the JLPGA Step Up Tour and won 4 titles. She finished first in money ranking and earned a tour card for the 2020 LPGA of Japan Tour.

## Amateur wins

* 2013 Singha Thailand Amateur Open, Road to Panasonic Open Singha Championship, Malaysian Junior Open
* 2014 Singapore Junior Championship, Dutch International Junior Open
Source:

## Professional wins (10)
### China LPGA Tour wins (2)

* 2015 (2) Srixon XXIO Ladies Open, CTBC Ladies Open

### Taiwan LPGA Tour wins (1)

* 2015 (1) CTBC Ladies Open

### JLPGA Step Up Tour wins (4)

* 2019 (4) Udon-Ken Ladies, Shizu Hills Ladies Mori Building Cup, KCFG Ladies Golf Tournament, Hanasaka Ladies Yanmar Golf Tournament

### Thai LPGA Tour wins (4)

* 2014 (1) 2nd Singha-SAT Thai LPGA Championship
* 2017 (1) 7th Singha-SAT-Toyota Thai LPGA Championship
* 2023 (1) Thai LPGA Classic
* 2024 (1) Singha-SAT Thai LPGA Ladies Open
# Kittikun Jamsuwan

Kittikun Jamsuwan (Thai: กิตติคุณ แจ่มสุวรรณ, born June 9, 1984) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Thai League 1 club Nongbua Pitchaya.

## Honours
### Club
#### Buriram United

* Thai Premier League (1): 2011
* Thai FA Cup (2): 2011, 2012
* Thai League Cup (2): 2011, 2012

#### Nongbua Pitchaya

* Thai League 2 (1): 2020–21
# Deamia testudo

Deamia testudo is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native from southern Mexico through Central America to Nicaragua. It was first described in 1838. It is a climber or clamberer, with long stems and large white flowers.

## Description

Deamia testudo clambers over or hangs from rocks, or climbs or hangs from trees. It produces roots along its stems by which it clings tightly to its support. The stems are made up of segments up to 25 cm (10 in) long and 8 cm (3 in) in diameter. The stems usually have three ribs, although there may be up to eight. The ribs are thin and wing-like, about 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) high. The areoles have up to 10 or more brownish spines, each 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) long. The flowers have a long thin base and widely spread white tepals. Altogether the flower is about 25 cm (10 in) long and 15 cm (6 in) across. The fruits of the cactus, which are red in color, are covered in spines.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini in 1838, as Cereus testudo. Zuccarini ascribed the scientific name to Wilhelm Friedrich Karwinsky. In 1920, Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose considered the species sufficiently distinctive to transfer it to their newly created genus Deamia, where it was the only species. In 1965, Franz Buxbaum transferred it to the genus Selenicereus, based on its flowers, a view supported by Wilhelm Barthlott and David Hunt in 1993. In 2003, Ralf Bauer transferred it to the genus Strophocactus. Meanwhile, in 2002, Alexander Doweld had revived Deamia for both this species and another formerly placed in Selenicereus (Deamia chontalensis). Molecular phylogenetic studies in 2017 and in 2018 confirmed the monophyly of the genus Deamia, of which D. testudo is the type species.

## Distribution

Deamia testudo is native from southern Mexico (southeastern, southwestern and Veracruz on the Gulf), through Guatemala, Belize and Honduras to Nicaragua.
# Strategemata

Strategemata, or Stratagems, is a Latin work by the Roman author Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD). It is a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history, ostensibly for the use of generals. Frontinus is assumed to have written Strategemata towards the end of the first century AD, possibly in connection with a lost work on military theory.
Frontinus is best known as a writer on water engineering, but he had a distinguished military career. In Stratagems he draws partly on his own experience as a general in Germany under Domitian. However, most of the (more than five hundred) examples which he gives are less recent, for example he mentions the Siege of Uxellodunum in 51 BC. Similarities to versions in other Roman authors like Valerius Maximus and Livy suggest that he drew mainly on literary sources.
The work consists of four books, of which three are undoubtedly by Frontinus. The authenticity of the fourth book has been challenged.

## Editions

* Stratagemata (in French). Paris: Louis Billaine. 1664.
# New Jersey Route 59

Route 59 is the shortest state highway in New Jersey, United States, at 0.15-mile (0.24 km) long. The route consists entirely of a short block of Lincoln Avenue from Union County Route 610 (known locally as South Avenue) in Cranford to New Jersey Route 28 (known locally as North Avenue) along the Cranford–Garwood border. The route functions as an underpass under the Raritan Valley Line of NJ Transit, under which it crosses about halfway down the block, along the municipal border. Route 59 was originally a proposed alignment of Route 22, which was supposed to head from an intersection with current day New Jersey Route 159 in Morris County at the Pine Brook Bridge before heading through several counties, terminating at an intersection with New Jersey Route 27 in Rahway. Most of the route was not constructed, and a portion in Garwood and Cranford was re-designated Route 59 in the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering on January 1, 1953.

## Route description

Route 59 begins at a four-way intersection with Union County Route 610 (CR 610; South Avenue) in the community of Cranford. Route 59 heads northwestward, passing a couple of businesses in both directions. The route crosses under the NJ Transit-owned Raritan Valley Line at which point the border of Cranford and Garwood runs along the center of the road. The route continues to the northwest, passing businesses before ending at a signalized T-intersection with Route 28 (North Avenue). The pavement ends at the intersection through a state-constructed bridge carrying the intersection over a small creek is angled such that a road could continue northwest. Throughout the entire length of the route, it is four lanes wide (two in each direction).

## History

The alignment of Route 59 was designated as part of the proposed State Highway Route 22 in the 1927 renumbering, which was proposed to run from the Pine Brook Bridge over the Passaic River at State Highway Route 6 in Fairfield Township. (This intersection is where New Jersey Route 159 currently crosses the bridge.) The route was to continue through parts of Morris, Essex and Union counties, including intersections with State Highway Route 10 at Livingston, U.S. Route 22 (also State Highway Route 29) at Mountainside, State Highway Route 28 at Garwood (where Routes 28 and 59 currently meet), and terminate in the community of Rahway at State Highway Route 27. Most of this route was not constructed, except a portion from State Highway Route 28 (North Avenue) in Cranford to South Avenue in Garwood. This portion was renumbered as Route 59 in the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering on January 1, 1953 so as not to duplicate U.S. Route 22.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Union County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations |
| Cranford | 0.00 | 0.00 | CR 610 (South Avenue) / Lincoln Avenue |
| Cranford–Garwood municipal line | 0.15 | 0.24 | Route 28 (North Avenue) – Westfield, Somerville, Cranford, Elizabeth |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||