OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Gibson (Victoria cricketer)

George Watson Hogg Gibson (16 January 1827 – 5 September 1910) was an Australian cricketer. He played nine first-class cricket matches for Victoria between 1865 and 1873.

## Life

Gibson was born in Jamaica and educated in Scotland and migrated to Victoria in the 1850s. His highest first-class score was 41, the highest score for either side, when Victoria beat New South Wales by an innings in April 1872. In the next contest between the two teams 11 months later, at the age of 45 Gibson captained Victoria and again top-scored in the match, this time with 32 and 15 not out, in a 24-run victory to Victoria. He was renowned locally for practising his batting using an axe handle instead of a cricket bat.
Gibson had a chemist's shop on Lygon Street in the Melbourne suburb of Carlton, which he ran with his business partner, Miss Maloney, under the name Gibson and Maloney.
# Pantosaurus

Pantosaurus ("all lizard") is an extinct genus of plesiosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of what is now Wyoming. It lived in what used to be the Sundance Sea. It was originally named Parasaurus ("near lizard") by Othniel Charles Marsh in reference to Plesiosaurus, but that name was preoccupied, and Marsh changed it. The species Muraenosaurus reedii is in fact a junior synonym of Pantosaurus. The holotype YPM 543 is a partial articulated skeleton, partially prepared to yield a distal humerus, four articulated carpals, a fragment of the coracoid, and several isolated cervical vertebrae from the Upper Member of the Sundance Formation. Other material includes USNM 536963, USNM 536965, UW 3, UW 5544 and UW 15938.

## Description

Pantosaurus possesses between 35 and 40 cervical vertebrae, which are very similar in proportion and morphology to those of Muraenosaurus leedsii from the Oxford Clay Formation (Callovian, Middle Jurassic) of England. The forelimb of Pantosaurus however can be differentiated from that of Muraenosaurus, such as the relatively large size of the radius and the corresponding humerus-radius articulation. No Pantosaurus cranial material has yet been discovered.

## Palaeobiology

The discovery of a partially digested embryonic ichthyosaur (probably Baptanodon) inside of a fossil referable to Pantosaurus striatus was the first evidence of the consumption of ichthyosaurs by plesiosaurs.
# Ordinary and extraordinary care

This is an article about ethical issues in health care. For other meanings, including those involved in tort law, see Standard of Care (disambiguation).
Ordinary and extraordinary care are distinguished by some bioethical theories, including the teaching of the Catholic Church.

## Catholic doctrine

In explaining the Catholic Church's attitude towards preserving life, Pope Pius XII, in a 1957 Address to Anaesthetists, stated: “[...] normally one is held to use only ordinary means – according to circumstances of persons, places, times and culture – that is to say, means that do not involve any grave burden for oneself or another.”
A 1957 article by the Jesuit theologian Father Gerald Kelly provides further detail. Kelly maintains that medical professionals are morally obligated to use ordinary means to preserve the lives of their patients, but extraordinary care is not morally obligatory. He defined ordinary and extraordinary means as follows:
* Ordinary means are "all medicines, treatments, and operations, which offer a reasonable hope of benefit for the patient and which can be obtained and used without excessive expense, pain or other inconvenience." In this view, everyone is obligated to use ordinary means to preserve his or her life; abstaining from or withholding ordinary means from oneself or another is tantamount to suicide or euthanasia.
* Extraordinary means are those "which cannot be obtained or used without excessive expense, pain, or other inconvenience, or which, if used, would not offer a reasonable hope of benefit." They involve a disproportionately great burden on the patient or community.

## Secular opinions

Ordinary means to preserve life have also been defined as "what is reasonable", taking into account "reasonable/proportionate hope of benefit/success; common diligence; and not unreasonably demanding." In this view, elements of extraordinary needs are "what is inappropriate", characterized by “certain impossibility; excessive effort; level of pain; extraordinarily expensive; and causing severe dread or revulsion."
The American Life League maintains that ordinary care can become extraordinary care under certain situations.
# Vasil Simeonov

Vasil Simeonov (Bulgarian: Васил Симеонов; born 4 February 1998) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Montana.

## Career
### Ludogorets Razgrad

Simeonov made his debut for the first team in the Bulgarian Cup match against Litex Lovech coming as a substitute in the 51st minute for the 7:0 win.

### Montana

In June 2023, Simeonov joined Montana as a free agent, signing a two-year contract.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 29 May 2019
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | League | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bulgaria | Bulgaria | Bulgaria | League | League | Bulgarian Cup | Bulgarian Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Ludogorets Razgrad II | B Group | 2015–16 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad II | Second League | 2016–17 | 9 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad II | Second League | 2017–18 | 16 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 16 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad II | Second League | 2018–19 | 2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad II | Total | Total | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad | First League | 2016–17 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Ludogorets Razgrad | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career statistics | Career statistics | Career statistics | 27 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 |
* ↑ Includes Bulgarian Supercup matches.
# Charles Hercus

Sir Charles Ernest Hercus DSO OBE VD (13 June 1888 – 26 March 1971) was a New Zealand doctor and professor of public health. He served as dean of the University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine from 1937 to 1958.

## Biography

Hercus was born in Dunedin on 13 June 1888. He was in the first class at the Otago Dental School and completed his BDS in 1911, before also completing MB ChB degrees in 1914, MD in 1921, and DPH in 1922. He served in World War I at Gallipoli and the Middle East, rising to rank of major in the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Field Ambulance from January 1917.
Hercus married Isabella Rea Jones at Johnsonville on 6 February 1923, and the couple went on to have four children.
Hercus was the professor of public health and bacteriology at the University of Otago from 1922 and 1955, and professor of preventive and social medicine between 1955 and 1958. He served as sub-dean of the Otago Medical School between 1924 and 1936, and dean of the Otago Medical School from 1937 to 1958.
Hercus died in Dunedin on 26 March 1971.

## Honours and awards

In recognition of his military service during World War I, Hercus was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in the 1918 King's Birthday Honours, and an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1947 New Year Honours. In 1962, he was conferred an honorary Doctor of Laws degree by the University of Otago.
Hercus was a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh and the Royal College of Physicians.

## Honorific eponym

The Hercus Building, part of the University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine, on the corner of Great King and Hanover Streets, is named for Hercus.
The Health Research Council of New Zealand offers an annual Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship, worth up to NZ$600,000 "for emerging scientists who have demonstrated outstanding potential to develop into highly skilled researchers able to initiate new avenues of investigation", in his honour. The Royal Society Te Apārangi awards the Hercus Medal for excellence in molecular and cellular sciences, biomedical science or clinical science and public health every two years.
# Circumscribed circle

In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to circumscribe the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be inscribed in the circle.
* Circumcircle, the circumscribed circle of a triangle, which always exists for a given triangle.
* Cyclic polygon, a general polygon that can be circumscribed by a circle. The vertices of this polygon are concyclic points. All triangles are cyclic polygons.
* Cyclic quadrilateral, a special case of a cyclic polygon.
# Matthew J. Salganik

Matthew Jeffrey Salganik (born 1976) is an American sociologist and professor of sociology at Princeton University with an interest in social networks and computational social science.

## Career

Salganik received his bachelor's degree in mathematics at Emory University in 1998. He proceeded to get his master's degree in sociology at Cornell University in 2003, where he also lived in the Telluride House. He finished his Ph.D. in sociology (with distinction) at Columbia University in 2007. Salganik was hired by Princeton in 2007 as an assistant professor and was promoted to full professor in 2013. Alongside this, he also currently serves as the Director of the Center for Information Technology Policy. Salganik is affiliated with interdisciplinary research centers at Princeton, such as the Office for Population Research, the Center for Information Technology Policy, the Center for Health and Wellbeing, and the Center for Statistics and Machine Learning. In 2017, he and Chris Bail co-founded Summer Institute in Computational Social Science (SICSS), an annual program that provides learning and research opportunities for students, faculty, and researchers across the world within the realm of data science and social science.
His research has been previously funded by the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Joint United Nations Programs for HIV/AIDS, Russell Sage Foundation, Sloan Foundation, Facebook, and Google.

### Publications

Salganik published his first book Bit by Bit, on December 5, 2017, in which he explores the birth and spread of social media and other digital advancements and how this has ultimately changed the way social scientists and data scientists can conduct research to collect and process data on human behavior.
Other publications include articles in Science, PNAS, Sociological Methodology, and Journal of the American Statistical Association.

### Awards

Salganik won the Outstanding Article Award from the Mathematical Sociology Section of the American Sociological Association in 2005. He won the Outstanding Statistical Application Award from the American Statistical Association in 2008.
* Outstanding Article Award (2005)
* Outstanding Statistical Application Award (2008)
* Google Faculty Research Award (2011)
* Leo Goodman Early Career Award (2015).
# Claude Gordy

Claude Royce Gordy (December 24, 1931 – October 26, 1971) was an American politician from the state of Iowa.
Gordy was born in Bloomfield, Iowa, in 1931. He served as a Democrat for one term in the Iowa House of Representatives from January 12, 1959 to January 8, 1961. Gordy died in Bloomfield in 1971.
# Sing the Big Hits

Sing the Big Hits (a.k.a. The Statler Brothers Sing the Big Hits) is the second studio album by The Statler Brothers. It produced their hit singles "Ruthless" and "You Can't Have Your Kate and Edith, Too" which both peaked at #10 on the Billboard's Hot Country Songs chart.
# Alvin Jones (ice hockey)

Alvin Bernard "Buck" Jones (August 17, 1917 – August 23, 2007) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played 50 games in the National Hockey League for the Toronto Maple Leafs and Detroit Red Wings between 1939 and 1943. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1937 to 1955, was spent in various minor leagues. He was born in Owen Sound, Ontario.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1936–37 | Barrie Flyers | OHA-B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1937–38 | Harringay Greyhounds | ENL | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1938–39 | Harringay Greyhounds | ENL | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1938–39 | Detroit Red Wings | NHL | 11 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 1938–39 | Pittsburgh Hornets | IAHL | 40 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 37 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1939–40 | Detroit Red Wings | NHL | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1939–40 | Indianapolis Capitals | IAHL | 56 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 70 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 12 |
| 1940–41 | Indianapolis Capitals | AHL | 54 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 78 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1941–42 | Detroit Red Wings | NHL | 21 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1941–42 | Indianapolis Capitals | AHL | 13 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 27 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1941–42 | Providence Reds | AHL | 19 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1942–43 | Providence Reds | AHL | 39 | 4 | 11 | 15 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1942–43 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| 1943–44 | Toronto Army Daggers | OHA Sr | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1943–44 | Kingston Army | OHA Sr | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1946–47 | Tulsa Oilers | USHL | 58 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 127 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 12 |
| 1947–48 | Tulsa Oilers | USHL | 65 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 47 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1948–49 | Hershey Bears | AHL | 65 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 76 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 17 |
| 1949–50 | Hershey Bears | AHL | 66 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 60 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1950–51 | Tulsa Oilers | USHL | 57 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 72 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| 1951–52 | Tacoma Rockets | PCHL | 70 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 140 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| 1952–53 | Tacoma Rockets | WHL | 69 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 105 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1953–54 | Seattle Bombers | WHL | 26 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1953–54 | Nelson Maple Leafs | WIHL | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 |
| 1953–54 | Nelson Maple Leafs | Al-Cup | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 1954–55 | Valleyfield Braves | QSHL | 19 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| IAHL/AHL totals | IAHL/AHL totals | IAHL/AHL totals | 352 | 26 | 50 | 76 | 449 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 29 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 50 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 18 |
# Bunn Hackney

Bunn Hackney was a college basketball and football player for the North Carolina Tar Heels. He was an All-Southern running guard on the basketball team, with Jack Cobb. He had previously played for Merrill Patton "Footsie" Knight at the YMCA in Durham. The origin story for the Rameses mascot is his rubbing a ram's head prior to making a 30-yard drop kick to defeat VMI 3-0 in 1924. He was later a referee in both sports; a head linesman in football.
# Middle Course

The Middle Course is a 1961 British low budget second feature ('B') war film directed by Montgomery Tully and starring Vincent Ball, Lisa Daniely and Peter Illing. It was written by Brian Clemens and produced by The Danzigers.

## Plot

During World War II, a Canadian pilot crash lands in a small French village occupied by German forces. The villagers find a useful ally in the young flyer, but the Germans become anxious to eliminate the force behind the strengthened local resistance.

## Cast

* Vincent Ball as Cliff
* Lisa Daniely as Anna
* Peter Illing as Gromik
* Roland Bartrop as Paul
* Marne Maitland as Renard
* Robert Rietti as Jacques
* André Maranne as Franz
* André Mikhelson as Commandant
* Jan Conrad as Herman
* John Serret as Leverne
* William Abney as Jaghorst
* Yvonne André as Martine
* Julian Sherrier as villager
* Donald Tandy as Sgt. Wilhelm
* Jacques Cey as Pierre

## Critical reception

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "Tinpot death-or-glory war film, peopled by theatrical characters spouting trite dialogue against unconvincing backgrounds."
TV Guide called the film "a predictable type of war drama that went out of fashion in the US ten years before this was made, but probably will always be resurrected in a nation that suffered so much at the time."
# Coahuayutla de José María Izazaga

Coahuayutla de José María Izazaga is a municipality in the Mexican state of Guerrero, being the least densely populated municipality in Guerrero. The municipality covers an area of 3,511.5 km$^2$. The most populated towns are Coahuayutla de Guerrero (1373 inhabitants), Nueva Cuadrilla (574), El Platanillo (458), Barrio de Lozano (El Rosario) (408), Barrio de Guzmán (El Limón) (240), Colmeneros (243) and El Naranjo (220).
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 13,291.
# Thomas J. Campbell (university president)

Thomas J. Campbell (April 28, 1848 – December 14, 1925) was the twelfth and fourteenth president of St. John's College (now Fordham University).

## Early life

Campbell was born in New York City on April 29, 1848. He initially attended public schools in New York city, but later enrolled at St. Francis Xavier College. He received his Master of Arts in 1867, and entered the Jesuit novitiate in Sault-au-Recollet, Canada. In 1870 he was sent to St. John's College, where he taught classical literature for three years. Campbell continued his philosophical and scientific studies in Woodstock, Maryland. After completing his studies, he returned to St. Francis Xavier College to teach rhetoric in 1876. He left St. Francis in order to study French literature, ecclesiastical history, and theology at Louvain University, Belgium. He was ordained in 1881, and returned to Frederick, Maryland in the US to spend his third year of probation.

## St. John's – Fordham University

In 1885 he became the president of the college, and was the youngest president in over a hundred years. He continued the plans for a new science building, and during his administration the first bachelor of sciences degree was awarded. Campbell also wanted to help the mentally underprivileged by advocating a course in surveying. However, the new era seemed to end. During his presidency there is no mention of fencing or horsemanship, and the creation of the natatorium was delayed. In 1888 he was Provincial of the Jesuits' Maryland-New York Province, and remained there until 1893.
In 1893, Campbell was briefly a vice-rector of St. Francis Xavier College, and from 1893-1895 he spent his time giving missions and retreats. In 1896 he once again returned to St. John's College to reclaim his position as president. For the next four years he continued to focus on the enrollment of students, the small amount of scholarships and donations compared to other universities, and encouraged more dedication to the sciences until his retirement in 1900.

## Later years

After completing his presidency, Campbell focused on his literary career. He was one of the earliest historians to write about the Kentucky mission. He traveled to Canada for historical research and published his findings in The Pioneer Priests of North America and The Pioneer Laymen of North America. From 1908 to 1910 he was the English preacher at the Church of the Immaculate Conception in Montreal. He contributed a number of articles to the Catholic Encyclopedia, in particular, many relating to early priests in North America.
From 1910 to 1914 he was an editor of America. He then returned to St. Francis Xavier Church in 1916 before leaving and working at St. Joseph's Church, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Campbell then returned to New York as lecturer at the St. John's Graduate School, where he specialized in American history. In 1921 he published The Jesuits, 1534–1921, and in 1925 he spent the remaining months of his life happily retired.
Campbell, aside from his general research and histories focusing on the Jesuits, was one of the first to write a history of Fordham.
# Imre Mándi

Imre Mándi (Hungarian pronunciation:; 22 November 1916 – 1943) was a Hungarian boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was eliminated in the quarterfinals of the welterweight class after losing his fight to the upcoming gold medalist Sten Suvio. Next year he won a silver medal at the European championships.
Mándi was Jewish and died in a Nazi labor camp during World War II.
# Stephen D. Cox

Stephen D. Cox (January 12, 1948 – September 6, 2024) was an author, literature and humanities professor, and libertarian commentator.
He was the editor of Liberty magazine, an American online libertarian and classical liberal review. Cox was a longtime professor of literature at the University of California, San Diego, and the author of several non-fiction books.

## Career

After receiving his PhD from the University of California, Los Angeles, Cox joined the faculty of UC San Diego in 1976.
He was an associate editor of Liberty when the magazine began publishing in 1987. He was named as senior editor as of the March 1989 issue. Cox took over as editor-in-chief of the publication following the death of its founder and longtime editor and publisher, R. W. Bradford, in December 2005. In addition to editing duties, he wrote articles and commentary for the magazine. This included his monthly "WordWatch" column, in which he commented on how language and semantics influence culture and political discourse.

## Reception

Publishers Weekly called his 2009 book The Big House: Image and Reality of the American Prison "detailed and vivid". In The Historian, Matthew J. Mancini said Cox provided "a jolt of nonpartisan realism" about the prison as a cultural institution, but faulted him for not including discussion of modern novels about prison life. The book was also reviewed in Choice and The Chronicle of Higher Education.
His 2014 book American Christianity: The Continuing Revolution was described by Library Journal as a "fascinating, pleasurable read". In Church History, Barry Hankins called it "provocative" with "some highly insightful observations about the ironies of American Christianity". The book was also reviewed in Choice, Kirkus Reviews, and Touchstone.

## Background and personal life

On his website, Cox wrote that he was from rural Michigan. He received his BA degree from the University of Michigan.

## Selected works

* "The Stranger Within Thee": Concepts of the Self in Late-Eighteenth-Century Literature. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press. 1980. ISBN 978-0-8229-3424-0.
* Love and Logic: The Evolution of Blake's Thought. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-472-10304-1.
* The Titanic Story: Hard Choices, Dangerous Decisions. Chicago: Open Court. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8126-9396-6.
* The Woman and the Dynamo: Isabel Paterson and the Idea of America. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. 2004. ISBN 978-0-7658-0241-5.
* The New Testament and Literature: A Guide to Literary Patterns. Chicago: Open Court. 2006. ISBN 978-0-8126-9591-5.
* The Big House: Image and Reality of the American Prison. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-300-21508-3.
* American Christianity: The Continuing Revolution. Austin: University of Texas Press. 2014. ISBN 978-0-292-72910-0.
* Culture and Liberty: The Writings of Isabel Paterson. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. 2015. ISBN 978-1412856003.