OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# François Étienne Victor de Clinchamp

François Étienne Victor de Clinchamp (20 October 1787 in Toulon – 22 September 1880 in Paris) was a French painter and author.

## Biography

He was the son of Charles François René de Clinchamp, student of the Royal Military School, infantry captain, and of Claire Victoire Fortunée Bonnefoi. His family, one of the oldest in Normandy, had settled in Toulon. He married Alexandrine Françoise Crette de Palluel in Paris on August 21, 1820.
He was destined to a naval career, but his health failing he went to Paris, where he studied painting under Le Barbier and Peyron then with Girodet.
Nevertheless, he was called to direct the Toulon School of drawing of the Navy. He painted a considerable number of religious paintings for several churches in the South of France: Christ healing the Sick of the Palsy, The Sons of Zebedee, The Death of Phocion, The Baptism of Saint-Mandrier and a Crucifixion, which was his best exhibited work.
He has contributed to several newspapers, including the Ami du Bien of Marseille. He wrote some works on perspective, and several dramatic pieces. Around 1820 he invented a device named noctograph to allow blind people to read.
He took part in the Paris Salon in 1840 and 1841.
   This tireless worker, moreover, found time, in the midst of the daily occupations to which he was condemned, to write a volume of fables, plays, memoirs on the theory and practice of painting and on aesthetics. Finally, this amiable artist, who remained young at heart, published, in his eighty-second year, a work of literature. He was for a long time a teacher of drawing at the Naval School; he gave up this position in 1824, the year in which the school was transferred to a port on the ocean. While he was practising his art in Toulon, many young people attended the workshop-school he ran, next to his private workshop, in his former heritage house located on the Cours Lafayette and bearing the number 68.

## Works

* Éléments de perspective linéaire et aérienne (Paris,1820)
* Nouveau traité de la perspective des ombres et de la théorie des reflets (Toulon, 1825)
* Recueil de Fables nouvelles (Toulon, 1829)
* Cours complet de perspective linéaire et aérienne (1840)
* Nouveau traité de la perspective linéaire, à l'usage des artistes et des écoles de dessin; dans lequel on trouvera les réflections des miroirs ... (in French). Carilian-Goeury. 1840.
* A collection of small society plays and dramas, Rodolphe de Vart, Christine à Fontainebleau, etc.

## Honours

Knight of the French Legion of Honour.

## Legacy

* A street is named after him in Toulon. (43°08′18″N 5°54′27″E﻿ / ﻿43.13821°N 5.90761°E﻿ / 43.13821; 5.90761)
# Meniolagomeka

Meniolagomeka (also Meniolágoméka) was a Moravian Church settlement of German missionaries and Lenape converts on the Aquashicola Creek near Kunkletown and Smith's Gap in Monroe County, Pennsylvania. Moravian workers included Brothers Bernhard Adam Grubè/Grube, John Joseph Bull (Schebosh), Nathanael Seidel, Georg Jungmann, Johann Peter Yarrel, Georg Jungmann, Abraham Bünninger, Johann Jacob Schmick, and Sisters Anna Margarethe Jungmann (née Bechtel, widowed Büttner) and Anna Nitschmann. It was organized formally in 1742 on directions from Count Nicholas von Zinzendorf and had approximately 50-60 Indian and missionary residents. Lenape residents included Teedyuskung, Wiwumkamek, Telepuwechque, Kullis, Achkowema, Uchqueschis, Machschapochque, and Mamsochalend.
The Moravians were evicted from Meniolagomeka as an after-effect of the Walking Purchase. In April 1754, 65 converts moved to Wyomick, and another 49 converts moved to Gnadenhütten.$^{:121–22}$$^{:372}$ On November 24 1755, the mission at Gnadenhütten was attacked and 11 missionaries killed. None of the Native American converts were harmed, however when they prepared to attack the assailants, a missionary told them to flee instead.
A stone monument was dedicated by the Moravian Historical Society on October 22, 1901.
# ENX-104

ENX-104, also known as deuterated nemonapride enantiomer, is a selective dopamine D$_2$ and D$_3$ receptor antagonist which is under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is specifically under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder characterized by anhedonia. The drug is being developed for use at low doses to preferentially block presynaptic dopamine D$_2$ and D$_3$ autoreceptors and hence to enhance rather than inhibit dopaminergic neurotransmission. It is taken by mouth.

## Pharmacology
### Pharmacodynamics

ENX-104 is intended for use at low doses to produce preferential presynaptic dopamine D$_2$ and D$_3$ autoreceptor antagonism and consequent enhancement of dopaminergic neurotransmission. The target occupancy of the dopamine D$_2$ and D$_3$ receptors is approximately 40 to 70%. For comparison, dopamine D$_2$ receptor occupancy of 65 to 80% is associated with antipsychotic-like effects and hence with substantial postsynaptic dopamine D$_2$ receptor antagonism in animals. ENX-104 has been found to increase dopamine and serotonin levels in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. It was also found to augment amphetamine-induced dopamine release. In accordance with these findings, the drug was found to produce anti-anhedonia-like effects, specifically increased reward responsiveness, in animals. Low doses of amisulpride likewise showed anti-anhedonia-like effects.
ENX-104 is not expected to induce motor side effects like extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) or catalepsy at the low doses employed, as these effects require higher occupancy of the D$_2$ receptor (e.g., ~80%).
ENX-104 is highly potent as a dopamine receptor antagonist. Its affinities are 0.01 nM for the dopamine D$_{2L}$ receptor, 0.1 nM for the dopamine D$_{2S}$ receptor, 0.2 nM for the dopamine D$_3$ receptor (2- to 20-fold lower than for the D$_2$ receptor), and 1.6 nM for the dopamine D$_4$ receptor (8- to 160-fold lower than for the D$_2$ receptor). The drug is also a weak partial agonist or antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT$_{2A}$ receptor, with an EC$_{50}$Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration of 14 nM (70- to 1,400-fold lower than its affinity for the D$_2$ receptor) and an E$_{max}$ of approximately 40%. Conversely, ENX-104 showed little or no functional activity at the serotonin 5-HT$_{1A}$ or 5-HT$_7$ receptor.

## Chemistry

ENX-104 is a benzamide derivative. It is a partially-deuterated analog of the drug nemonapride, which is used to treat schizophrenia.

## Clinical trials

As of September 2024, ENX-104 is in phase 1 clinical trials for major depressive disorder. It is under development by Engrail Therapeutics.
# John C. Nichols

John Conover Nichols (August 31, 1896 – November 7, 1945) was an American lawyer, World War I veteran, and politician who served four terms as a U.S. Representative from Oklahoma from 1935 to 1943.

## Biography

Born in Joplin, Missouri, Nichols was the son of John Adams and Mary Catherine Conover Nichols. He attended the public schools in Joplin, Missouri, and Colorado Springs, Colorado, and the teachers college at Emporia, Kansas. He married Marion Young in Tulsa on March 30, 1921. She was the daughter of William Buford and Nina Young of Eufaula. The Nichols had a daughter, Nina Jean, and a son, Dan. He studied law in the office of his brother in Eufaula, Oklahoma; and was admitted to the bar association in 1926 and commenced practice in Eufaula, Oklahoma.

## Career

During World War I Nichols served in the 19th Infantry, United States Army from 1917 to 1919.
Nichols was elected as a Democrat to the 74th Congress and to the four succeeding Congresses and served from January 3, 1935, until his resignation on July 3, 1943, to become vice president of Transcontinental & Western Airlines. While in office, he served on the Rivers and Harbors, Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Territories Committees. In 1935 and 1937 he was also a member of a special committee that went to Hawaii to hold hearings on statehood. His legislative interests focused on American Indians, soil conservation, old-age pensions, Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) camps, and aviation.

## Death

Still vice president of Transcontinental & Western Airlines, Nichols died in an airplane crash at Asmara in Eritrea (then under a British Military Administration), on November 7, 1945.
He was originally interred in the United States military cemetery at Asmara, Eritrea, but his body was later moved and reinterred at Greenwood Cemetery in Eufaula, Oklahoma.
# Gisle Handeland

Gisle Handeland (born 1943) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
From 1990 to 1995, during the third cabinet Brundtland, Handeland was private secretary (today known as political advisor) / state secretary in the Ministry of Transport and Communications.
In 1999 Handeland was elected county mayor (fylkesordfører) of Hordaland, as the first from the Labour Party to hold this position. He lost the position in 2003, but remained a member of the county council. He is also a member of the board of the Western Norway Regional Health Authority.
He hails from Fedje.
# Pedro Orfila

Pedro Orfila Artime (born 6 March 1988) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a right-back or a central defender for Marino de Luanco.

## Club career
### Sporting Gijón

Born in Luanco, Asturias, Orfila joined Sporting de Gijón's academy at the age of 13. He spent the better part of his first four seasons as a senior with their reserves, in the Segunda División B.
Orfila made his competitive debut for the first team on 27 October 2010, playing the entire 3–1 away loss against RCD Mallorca in the round of 32 of the Copa del Rey. His La Liga bow only arrived on 19 February 2012, in a 1–1 home draw with Atlético Madrid where he excelled at right-back.
During his spell at the El Molinón, Orfila made 23 official appearances.

### Racing Santander

For the 2013–14 campaign, Orfila was loaned to third-tier club Racing de Santander. In July 2014, after winning promotion to the Segunda División, he signed a permanent two-year contract as a free agent.
Orfila only missed three matches in 42 in 2014–15, but the Cantabrians were immediately relegated.

### Later career

Orfila subsequently competed in divisions two and three, representing CD Numancia, Real Murcia CF, FC Cartagena and CD Atlético Baleares. On 16 December 2021, he scored twice as the latter side defeated top-flight Getafe CF 5–0 in the domestic cup; the opposition played more than one hour with one man less after Erick Cabaco was sent off for headbutting Isi Ros.
# Boris Tomiak

Boris Tomiak (born 11 September 1998) is a German professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for 2. Bundesliga club Hannover 96.

## Career

Born in Essen, Tomiak played youth football for FC Stoppenberg, SSV Rotthausen and Rot-Weiss Essen before moving to Schalke 04 in 2012. He returned to Rot-Weiss Essen in 2016, and was promoted to Essen's first team in February 2017. He made his debut for the club on 8 April 2017 in a 1–1 draw with Borussia Dortmund II in the Regionalliga West. He scored once in 25 appearances for Rot-Weiss Essen before leaving the club in summer 2019.
Tomiak joined Wattenscheid 09 in June 2019. He made ten appearances for the club in the Regionalliga West, but the club were withdrawn from the Regionalliga West in October 2019 due to insolvency. He joined Altona 93 for the second half of the season, where he made 1 appearance.
In May 2020, it was announced that Tomiak would join Fortuna Düsseldorf II for the 2020–21 season. He appeared 27 times in the Regionalliga West during the 2020–21 season. In summer 2021, he joined 1. FC Kaiserslautern of the 3. Liga on a free transfer, with his contract at Fortuna having expired. He made his debut for the club in a 0–0 draw with Eintracht Braunschweig on 24 July 2021.
In January 2025, with his Kaiserslautern contract running out in the summer, Tomiak joined Hannover 96 on a three-and-a-half-year contract. The transfer fee paid to Kaiserslautern was undisclosed.

## Honours

1. FC Kaiserslautern
* DFB-Pokal runner-up: 2023–24
# Ephraim G. Peyton

Ephraim Geoffrey Peyton (October 29, 1802 – September 5, 1876) was an American jurist, lawyer, and politician. He was judge of the High Court of Errors and Appeals of Mississippi from 1868 to 1870 and a justice of its successor, the Mississippi Supreme Court, from 1870 to 1876 including as chief justice.

## Biography

Peyton was born near Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on October 29, 1802 to Ephraim Peyton and Lockhart Eagan. His ancestors were from Virginia. He was sent to college at Gallatin, Tennessee, but left school at age 17 and in 1819 moved to Natchez, Mississippi with an older brother. There he obtained employment as a printer and later secured a small school in the forests of Wilkinson County, where he began and prosecuted the study of law. In 1825 he obtained his license from the supreme court at Natchez. He filled his saddlebags with law books and went into the interior to practice, locating at Gallatin, Mississippi (which had been settled by pioneers from Gallatin, Tennessee) in Copiah County, Mississippi. Peyton was a slave owner.
He established a large mercantile house at Grand Gulf, Mississippi. In 1830, he served one session in the Mississippi House of Representatives, and then persistently refused to compete for any political office. In 1831, he married Artemissa G. Patton in Claiborne County.
In 1839 he was elected district attorney. He was a zealous Whig in politics and earnestly opposed secession. He became a Republican after the American Civil War and was appointed to Mississippi's supreme court by General Adelbert Ames, and upon the reorganization of the court under the constitution of 1869, was again appointed by Governor James L. Alcorn. In 1870 he became chief justice, and held the position until the Democrats came into power at the end of the Reconstruction era in 1876. He was an accomplished lawyer and an able and impartial jurist and enjoyed the respect and esteem of the profession to the end, regardless of party fealty.
On February 25, 1868, General Alvan Cullem Gillem, who had been given post-Civil War command over a region including Mississippi, named Peyton to the state supreme court, along with Elza Jeffords and Thomas Shackelford. Peyton resigned in 1876. He died in Jackson, Mississippi, on September 5, 1876.
# Dom Sibley

Dominic Peter Sibley (born 5 September 1995) is an English professional cricketer who has played internationally for the England Test cricket team. In domestic cricket, he represents Surrey having previously played for Warwickshire.
Sibley made his Test debut in 2019. He plays as a right-handed opening batsman.

## Career

He is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm leg break. He made his List A debut for Surrey against Essex on 2 August 2013, though he had to retire due to injury.
In just his third first-class cricket match, while still a student at Whitgift School, he scored a double century against Yorkshire aged 18 years and 21 days. In doing so he became the youngest double-centurion in the history of the County Championship, the second-youngest Englishman to score a first-class double hundred and the thirteenth youngest double-centurion of any nationality. On the final day of the four-day match, Sibley was out (bowled by Ryan Sidebottom) for 242.
In August 2017, Sibley turned down an offer of a new three-year contract with Surrey to join Warwickshire ahead of the 2018 season. On 3 August 2017, Sibley moved on loan to Warwickshire for the remainder of the 2017 season with Rikki Clarke moving in the other direction.
In September 2019, he was named in England's Test squad for their series against New Zealand. He made his Test debut for England, against New Zealand, on 21 November 2019. Early in his Test career it was recognised that Sibley, nicknamed “the Fridge”, had emerged from county cricket not fit enough for the rigours of the five day game, which he was addressing. On 6 January 2020, Sibley scored his first century in Test cricket, in the second match against South Africa. This was the first hundred by an England opener at Newlands since Jack Hobbs in 1910.
On 29 May 2020, Sibley was named in a 55-man group of players to begin training ahead of international fixtures starting in England following the COVID-19 pandemic. On 17 June 2020, Sibley was included in England's 30-man squad to start training behind closed doors for the Test series against the West Indies. On 4 July 2020, Sibley was named in England's thirteen-man squad for the first Test match of the series going on to play in all three matches in the series and scoring his second international century in the second Test. He was dropped from the England team in 2021 after a run of bad form.
During Surrey's County Championship game against Kent, Sibley made an unbeaten 140 off 415 balls in 578 minutes in Surrey’s successful run chase of 501, it was one of the slowest centuries in Championship history.

## Franchise Career

He signed with Khulna Tigers in 2025 to play in the Bangladesh Premier League.
# Olga Craen

Olga Athaide Craen LRAM (née Athaide; 1913 – 1986) was an Indian pianist and piano educator. She began her career in 1936 while a student at the Royal Academy of Music (RAM) in London. A finalist in the 1946 Marguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud International Music Competition held in Paris, she later taught piano in Bombay, India.

## Early life

Olga Athaide was born in Goa, the daughter of Franklin Herculano Athaide and Ana Maria Luisa da Conceicao Cordeiro. Her mother was also a pianist. With a scholarship from the Sir Ratan Tata Trust, Athaide trained with English pianist Tobias Matthay and completed her studies at the Royal Academy of Music in London in 1936.

## Career

During her student days in London, Craen performed on radio and on British and continental concert stages, including Wigmore Hall in 1936. "Miss Athaide's performance showed a warm musical nature," commented one reviewer, "allied with exceptionally brilliant technic and facility." In 1938, she gave a recital at the Cowasji Jehangir Hall, and made her first of many appearances with the Bombay Symphony Orchestra. She returned to Cowasji Jehangir Hall in 1939, with a program of French composers, for the Alliance Française in Bombay.
In 1946, Craen was one of the finalists of the Marguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud International Music Competition in Paris. In 1948, she and her husband faced difficulties when they illegally subleased a flat in India. Both were arrested, and her husband was convicted; he served a jail sentence of several years for the violation. The experience depleted their funds, and their health and reputations.
Craen gave public performances until the late 1950s, and taught piano in Bombay into the 1980s. One of her successful students was Marialena Fernandes.

## Personal life

Athaide married Belgian violinist and conductor Jules Craen in 1939. She was widowed when Jules Craen died in 1959; she died from cancer in 1986. In 2013, to mark the centennial of her birth, the Olga & Jules Craen Foundation established the Young Musician of the Year competition.
# Knut Werner Hansen

Knut Werner Hansen (born 22 November 1951) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Storting from Troms between 1997 and 2009. In total he met during 1 year and 46 days of parliamentary session.
He was born in Skjervøy Municipality. He was a member of the municipal council of Karlsøy Municipality. Following the 2011 local elections, he was elected county mayor of Troms and thereby also the Troms County Municipality, with the Conservatives' Christine Bertheussen Killie as deputy. He was re-elected following the 2015 local elections, this time with the Liberals' Irene Dahl as deputy. Following the decision to merge Troms and Finnmark counties and the 2019 local elections, Ivar B. Prestbakmo was elected as county mayor of the new county.
# Biathlon at the 1986 Asian Winter Games

Biathlon at the 1986 Asian Winter Games took place in the city of Sapporo, Japan from 3 to 7 March 1986 in Makomanai Park with three events contested — all of them men's events.
The host nation Japan dominated the event by winning all gold medals, China finished second, South Korea third.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 10 km sprint | Koichi Sato Japan | Liu Hongwang China | Isao Yamase Japan |
| 20 km individual | Isao Yamase Japan | Koichi Sato Japan | Liu Hongwang China |
| 4 × 7.5 km relay | Japan Isao Yamase Koichi Sato Hirohide Sato Tadashi Nakamura | China | South Korea Kang Tae-soo Hong Byung-sik Joung Young-suk Hwang Byung-dae |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Japan (JPN) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | China (CHN) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (3 entries) | Totals (3 entries) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
# Kazipur Upazila

Kazipur (Bengali: কাজীপুর) is an upazila, or sub-district of Sirajganj District, located in Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Kazipur is located at 24°38′30″N 89°39′00″E﻿ / ﻿24.6417°N 89.6500°E﻿ / 24.6417; 89.6500. The total area of the upazila is 328.79 km$^2$ (127 sq mi). The main river is the Jamuna, which branches and rejoins several times. The Ichamati crosses the western edge of the upazila. It is bounded by Dhunat, Sariakandi and Sarishabari upazilas on the north, Sirajganj sadar upazila on the south, Sarishabari upazila and the Jamuna river on the east, Dhunat upazila on the west.

## Demographics

Religions in Kazipur Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 97.56% | 97.56% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 2.44% | 2.44% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.00% | 0.00% |
According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Kazipur Upazila had 69,664 households and a population of 274,679. 67,663 (24.63%) were under 10 years of age. Kazipur had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 37.50%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1035 females per 1000 males. 16,540 (6.02%) lived in urban areas.
Par the 2001 Bangladesh census, Kazipur has a population of 2,66,950; male constituted 136056 of the population, female 130894.
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Kazipur had a population of 244,804. 50.39% male and 49.61% female. The adult population is 120,257. Kazipur had an average literacy rate of 30.5% (7+ years), against the national average of 42.4% literate.

## Administration

Kazipur Thana, now an upazila, was formed in 1920.
Kazipur Upazila is divided into Kazipur Municipality and 12 union parishads: Chargirish, Chalitadanga, Gandail, Kazipur, Khasrajbari, Maijbari, Mansur Nagar, Natuarpara, Nishchintapur, Sonamukhi, Subhagacha, and Tekani. The union parishads are subdivided into 108 mauzas and 172 villages.
Kazipur Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 11 mahallas.

## Education

Educational institutions: College: 1. Govt. Bangabandhu Degree College (1998), 2.Kazipur Government Mansur Ali College,R.I.M Degree College-Tenglahata(1969), Meghai UUI Multilateral High School (1919), Subgacha Tenglahata Rafatullah Multilateral High School (1944) Gandhail High School (1946), Rani Dinamoni High School (1957), Kazipur A.M.u Government Girls' High School, Tarakandi High School (1937). Shaheed M Monsur Ali Institute Of Health Technology-IHT, Kazipur, Sirajganj was founded in 2015. Begum Amina Mansur Textile Engineering Institute, Kazipur, Sirajganj project is ongoing and is expected to start enrolment anytime soon.

## Notable People

* Captain Muhammad Mansur Ali was the national leader of Bangladesh.
* Mohammed Nasim MP (former Home Minister and Health Minister)