# Association of Research Libraries

The Association of Research Libraries (ARL) is a nonprofit organization of 125 research library at comprehensive, research institutions in Canada and the United States. ARL member libraries make up a large portion of the academic and research library marketplace, spending approximately $4.5 billion every year on information resources and actively engaging in the development of new models of scholarly communications.
ARL co-founded an affiliate organization, the Coalition for Networked Information (CNI), in 1990. CNI is a joint program of ARL and EDUCAUSE, a nonprofit association whose mission is to advance higher education through the use of information technology. ARL is also a member of the Library Copyright Alliance, a consortium of major library associations that have joined forces to address copyright issues affecting libraries and their patrons.

## History 1932–1962

The Association of Research Libraries held its first meeting in Chicago on December 29, 1932. At that time, its membership included 42 major university and research libraries. This first meeting was primarily organizational. The prepared constitution and bylaws were accepted and each library adopted a constitution that stated, "the object shall be, by cooperative effort, to develop and increase the resources and usefulness of the research collections in American libraries." Donald B. Gilchrist was elected as Executive Secretary. The Advisory Committee members included J. Christian Bay (John Crerar Library), James T. Gerould (Princeton University), Harold L. Leupp (University of California – Berkeley), C. C. Williamson (Columbia University), and Phineas L. Windsor (Illinois University).
The first venture to be undertaken by ARL was a project for the collection of data regarding manuscript collections. This project had little support and was relatively short-lived. However, the second project, the annual listings of the titles of the PhD theses was a significant contribution to the profession. The first volume of Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities was compiled by ARL and was published by H. W. Wilson in 1933. This series of publications would become the predecessor of what is now Dissertation Abstracts. Passed into law in 1933, the National Industrial Recovery Act allowed trade associations and industry representatives to draft industrial codes of fair competition. In order to encourage the preservation of these records, ARL published Address List of Local Code Authorities under N.R.A.: 1933-1935 in 1933 which had been prepared by the National Recovery Administration for the Joint Committee on Materials for Research established by the American Council of Learned Societies and the National Research Council. Two new members were added to ARL in 1936; Grosvenor Library (Buffalo) and New York University. The National Archives had expressed interest in joining but rejected the subsequent invitation.
ARL initiated two projects in 1937; publication of the Library of Congress catalog and an investigation into the pricing policy of the Wilson Company. In December 1937, Keyes Metcalf (Harvard University) succeeded Gilchrist as Executive Secretary. Gilchrist continued to edit Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities and serve on the Wilson Pricing Policy Committee. The University of California – Los Angeles joined the ARL in 1937. Louisiana State University joined ARL in 1938. Keyes's term ended in 1940 and he was replaced by Paul N. Rice (New York Public Library).
In a meeting in January 1942, a proposal for the division of acquisition responsibility was presented. Rice formed a Committee on Postwar Competition in Book Purchases. Members of this committee included Archibald MacLeish (Library of Congress), Keyes D. Metcalf, and Robert Downs (future Director of Libraries at the University of Illinois). This program served as a pilot project for the Farmington Plan. As part of the Library of Congress project, the ARL sponsored the publication of A Catalog of Books Represented by L.C. Printed Cards in 1942.
A two-day meeting was held in March 1944 to discuss a multitude of issues. Resulting from the meeting were a number of committees: Committee on Division of Responsibility for the Acquisition and Recording of Research Materials, Committee to Investigate the Wilson Proposal for Publication of LC Catalog Cards in Book Form, Committee on Reprinting the British Museum Catalog, Committee on Securing Complete Files of Foreign Documents in Certain Designated American Libraries, Committee on Standards for Graduate Colleges, Committee on Statistics of Library Holdings, Committee to Study Plans of Cancellation of Library Discards, Joint Committee on Government Documents, and Joint Committee on Cooperative Buying of Chinese Materials. In 1946, Charles E. David (University of Pennsylvania) was elected Executive Secretary.
The Farmington Plan was initiated in January 1948 covering limited to monographs published in France, Sweden, and Switzerland by 52 cooperating libraries. The overhead expenses were paid for by a grant from the Carnegie Corporation. Also in 1948, ARL Minutes were submitted for publication in College & Research Libraries for the first time.
Robert A. Miller was elected Executive Secretary in December 1951. The Foreign Newspaper Microfilm project was initiated in January 1956. It has 46 subscribers and a first year budget of $14,000. William S. Dix, the 6th Executive Secretary, was elected in 1957. His term lasted only 2 years as he was elected Chairman of the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO in 1959. Stephen A. McCarthy was elected in 1960.
On December 5, 1961, the ARL was incorporated under the laws of the District of Columbia. In May 1962, the National Science Foundation approved a 2-year grant of $58,350 towards the establishment of a full-time ARL Secretariat. The June 1962 invitation meeting brought the total number of ARL members to 72. In 1963, ARL assumed responsibility of publishing annual library statistics.

## Leadership
### Executive Secretaries 1932–1962

Executive Secretaries 1932-1962 :
| Date(s) | Name | Affiliation |
| 1932-37 | Donald B. Gilchrist | University of Rochester |
| 1938-41 | Keyes D. Metcalf | Harvard University |
| 1942-46 | Paul N. Rice | New York Public Library |
| 1947-51 | Charles W. David | University of Pennsylvania |
| 1952-56 | Robert A. Miller | Indiana University |
| 1957-59 | William S. Dix | Princeton University |
| 1960-62 | Stephen A. McCarthy | Cornell University |

### Executive Directors 1963–present

Executive Directors 1963–present :
| Date(s) | Name |
| 1963-67 | James E. Skipper |
| 1967 | Donald F. Cameron |
| 1968-74 | Stephen A. McCarthy |
| 1975-76 | John P. McDonald |
| 1977-79 | John G. Lorenz |
| 1980-81 | Ralph E. McCoy |
| 1981-87 | Shirley Echelman |
| 1988-07 | Duane E. Webster |
| 2008-12 | Charles B. Lowry |
| 2013-2017 | Elliott Shore |
| 2018 (Jan.-Mar.) | Anne Kenney (interim) |
| 2018-2024 | Mary Lee Kennedy |
| 2024– | Andrew K. Pace |

### Presidents 1962–present

Presidents 1962–present :
| Date(s) | Name | Affiliation |
| 1962-63 | William S. Dix | Princeton University |
| 1963 | Robert Vosper | University of California, Los Angeles |
| 1964 | Richard H. Logsdon | Columbia University |
| 1965 | Edward G. Freehafer | New York Public Library |
| 1966 | Foster E. Mohrhardt | National Agricultural Library |
| 1967 | Rutherford D. Rogers | Stanford University |
| 1968 | Andrew J. Eaton | Washington University |
| 1969 | Douglas W. Bryant | Harvard University |
| 1970 | Warren J. Haas | Columbia University |
| 1971 | Thomas R. Buckman | Northwestern University |
| 1971-72 | John P. McDonald | University of Connecticut |
| 1973 | William S. Budington | John Crerar Library |
| 1974 | Ralph H. Hopp | University of Minnesota |
| 1975 | Richard De Gennaro | University of Pennsylvania |
| 1976 | Virginia P. Whitney | Rutgers University |
| 1977 | Edward C. Lathem | Dartmouth College |
| 1978 | Ray W. Frantz | University of Virginia |
| 1979 | LeMoyne Anderson | Colorado State University |
| 1980 | Connie Dunlap | Duke University |
| 1981 | Jay K. Lucker | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| 1982 | Millicent D. Abell | University of California, San Diego |
| 1983 | James E. Govan | University of North Carolina |
| 1984 | Eldred Smith | University of Minnesota |
| 1985 | Richard J. Talbot | University of Massachusetts |
| 1986 | Anne Woodsworth | University of Pittsburgh |
| 1987 | Herbert F. Johnson | Emory University |
| 1988 | Elaine Sloan | Indiana University |
| 1989 | Charles E. Miller | Florida State University |
| 1990 | Martin Runkle | University of Chicago |
| 1991 | Marilyn D. Sharrow | University of California, Davis |
| 1992 | Arthur Curley | Boston Public Library |
| 1993 | Susan Nutter | North Carolina State University |
| 1994 | John Black | University of Guelph |
| 1995 | Jerry Campbell | Duke University |
| 1996 | Nancy Cline | Pennsylvania State University |
| 1997 | Gloria Werner | University of California, Los Angeles |
| 1998 | James G. Neal | Johns Hopkins University |
| 1999 | Betty G. Bengtson | University of Washington |
| 2000 | Kenneth Frazier | University of Wisconsin |
| 2001 | Shirley K. Baker | Washington University in St. Louis |
| 2002 | Paula T. Kaufman | University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign |
| 2003 | Fred Heath | Texas A&M University |
| 2004 | Sarah Thomas | Cornell University |
| 2005 | Ann J. Wolpert | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| 2006 | Brian E. C. Schottlaender | University of California, San Diego |
| 2007 | Sherrie Schmidt | Arizona State University |
| 2008 | Marianne I. Gaunt | Rutgers University |
| 2009 | Thomas C. Leonard | University of California, Berkeley |
| 2010 | Brinley Franklin | University of Connecticut |
| 2011 | Carol A. Mandel | New York University |
| 2012 | Winston Tabb | Johns Hopkins University |
| 2013 | Wendy Pradt Lougee | University of Minnesota |
| 2014 | Carol Pitts Diedrichs | Ohio State University |
| 2015 | Deborah Jakubs | Duke University |
| 2016 | Larry Alford | University of Toronto |
| 2017 | Mary Case | University of Illinois at Chicago |
| 2018 | Mary Ann Mavrinac | University of Rochester |
| 2019 | Susan Gibbons | Yale University |
| 2020 | Lorraine Haricombe | The University of Texas at Austin |
| 2021 | John Culshaw | The University of Iowa |
| 2022 | K. Matthew Dames | University of Notre Dame |
| 2023 | Susan Parker | University of British Columbia |
| 2024 | Trevor A. Dawes | University of Delaware |
| 2025 | Rhea Ballard-Thrower | University of Illinois Chicago |

## Members

The association boasts members in both Canada and the United States. Currently, the following institutions are members of the organization.
* Arizona State University
* Atlanta University Center
* Auburn University
* Boston College
* Boston Public Library
* Boston University
* Brigham Young University
* Brown University
* Case Western Reserve University
* Center for Research Libraries
* Colorado State University
* Columbia University
* Cornell University
* Dartmouth College
* Duke University
* Emory University
* Florida State University
* George Washington University
* Georgetown University
* Georgia Tech
* Harvard University
* Howard University
* Indiana University Bloomington
* Iowa State University
* Johns Hopkins University
* Kent State University
* Library of Congress
* Louisiana State University
* Massachusetts Institute of Technology
* McGill University
* McMaster University
* Michigan State University
* United States National Agricultural Library
* United States National Library of Medicine
* New York Public Library
* New York University
* North Carolina State University
* Northwestern University
* Ohio State University
* Ohio University
* Oklahoma State University–Stillwater
* Pennsylvania State University
* Princeton University
* Purdue University
* Queen's University at Kingston
* Rice University
* Rutgers University
* Simon Fraser University
* Smithsonian Institution
* Southern Illinois University Carbondale
* Stony Brook University
* Syracuse University
* Temple University
* Texas A&M University
* Texas State University
* Texas Tech University
* Tulane University
* University of Alabama
* University at Albany, SUNY
* University of Alberta
* University of Arizona
* University of British Columbia
* University at Buffalo
* University of Calgary
* University of California, Berkeley
* University of California, Davis
* University of California, Irvine
* University of California, Los Angeles
* University of California, Riverside
* University of California, San Diego
* University of California, Santa Barbara
* University of California, Santa Cruz
* University of Cincinnati
* University of Colorado Boulder
* University of Connecticut
* University of Delaware
* University of Florida
* University of Georgia
* University of Guelph
* University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
* University of Houston
* University of Illinois at Chicago
* University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
* University of Iowa
* University of Kansas
* University of Kentucky
* Université Laval
* University of Louisville
* University of Manitoba
* University of Maryland, College Park
* University of Massachusetts Amherst
* University of Miami
* University of Michigan
* University of Minnesota
* University of Missouri
* University of Nebraska–Lincoln
* University of New Mexico
* University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
* University of North Texas
* University of Notre Dame
* University of Oklahoma
* University of Ottawa
* University of Pennsylvania
* University of Pittsburgh
* University of Rochester
* University of Saskatchewan
* University of South Carolina
* University of Southern California
* University of Texas at Austin
* University of Tennessee
* University of Toronto
* University of Utah
* University of Virginia
* University of Washington
* University of Waterloo
* University of Western Ontario
* University of Wisconsin–Madison
* Vanderbilt University
* Virginia Commonwealth University
* Virginia Tech
* Washington State University
* Washington University in St. Louis
* Wayne State University
* Yale University
* York University