OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Transparency International Bangladesh

Transparency International Bangladesh (TIB) is the Bangladeshi branch of the Berlin-based Transparency International, a civil society organisation dedicated to fighting against corruption.

## History

TIB started its activities in 1997, under founding chairman Syed Humayun Kabir.
In 2016, it criticised new government rules on NGOs that received foreign funding. It also asked the government to not take a 2 billion dollar development loan from the world Bank. This law was created after TIB Executive Director Iftekharuzzaman called the country's Parliament a 'puppet show stage'.

## Major work areas

* Research and Policy
* Civic Engagement
* Outreach and Communication
* Right to Information
* Citizen Charter
* Climate Finance Governance
* Water Integrity

## Board of trustees

Board of Trustees, the highest policy making body of Transparency International Bangladesh, comprises:
* Perween Hasan - chairperson
* Ali Imam Majumder - secretary general
* Iftekharuzzaman - executive director
* Mahfuz Anam - treasurer
* Tawfique Nawaz - member
* Abul Momen - member
* Parveen Mahmud FCA - member
* Fakrul Alam - member
* Tasneem Arefa Siddiqui - member
* Susmita Chakma - member

## Reports

* 12th National Parliament Election Process Tracking
# Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine

Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine, sold under the brand name Trizivir, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It contains three reverse transcriptase inhibitors patented by GlaxoSmithKline and marketed by a joint venture with Pfizer, ViiV Healthcare:
* abacavir sulfate (ABC)
* lamivudine (3TC)
* zidovudine (AZT or ZDV)
It is indicated in the treatment of AIDS/HIV-1. For this purpose, the combination is very useful in pregnant women to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
The most common effects include headache and nausea (feeling sick).
Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine was approved for use in the United States and the European Union in 2000. In December 2013, Lupin Limited launched a generic version of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine.

## Side effects

The most common side effects of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, paresthesia and headache. As with many medications targeting reverse transcriptase, body fat redistribution syndrome may occur, causing body fat to center on the upper back and neck, breast, and torso, and potentially decreasing around the legs, arms, and face. IRIS may occur which is when the immune system initially improves, but then deteriorates as a previously ignored infection becomes active. Other serious side effects include:
* Increased risk of heart attack
* Lactic acidosis
* Severe hepatomegaly
* Lipoatrophy
* Neutropenia
* Anemia
* Hypersensitivity reactions
** Includes liver failure, renal failure, anaphylaxis, hypotension, and death.
# Hermann Hagedorn (poet)

Hermann Hagedorn (20 August 1884 in Essen-Gerschede – 7 March 1951 near Fretter, Finnentrop,) was a German writer, lyric poet and teacher. He is the best known representative of Borbecksch, a German dialect.

## Important works

* Hatte on Heeme. Plattdeutsche Dichtungen. 1930.
* Honnenseelen. Geschichten von onse verbeenige Frönne. In niedersächsischer Mundart. 1938.
* Kriegstagebauk. In niedersächsischer Mundart. 1940.
* Hämann Ohme Joann. Stemmen uut Blaut on Äre. In niedersächsischer Mundart. 1941.
* Ulenspeigel en Essen. 1941.
* Märchenzauber. Twölf Märchen opp platt. 1951.
* Fläutepiepen. 1956.
* Dat Dubbelte-Dutzend-Bauk. 12 Geschichten, 12 Gedichte. 1959.
# Slavik

Slavik is a surname and given name. In Czech and Slovak, it means "nightingale". In other countries, it is sometimes a diminutive of Vyacheslav or similar given names.

## Surname
### Slavík

Slavík (feminine: Slavíková) is a surname meaning "nightingale" in Czech.
* František Slavík, Czech slalom canoeist
* František Slavík (athlete) (1888–1926), Czech athlete
* Josef Slavík (1806–1833), Czech violinist and composer
* Martin Slavík (born 1979), Czech footballer
* Otakar Slavík (1931–2010), Czech painter
* Tomáš Slavík (born 1981), Czech skier
* Tomáš Slavík (cyclist) (born 1987), Czech mountain biker
* Václav Slavík (1906–unknown), Czech architect

### Slávik

Slávik (feminine: Sláviková) is a surname meaning "nightingale" in Slovak.
* Adrián Slávik (born 1999), Slovak footballer
* Jaroslav Slávik (born 1976), Slovak luger
* Matej Slávik (born 1994), Slovak footballer
* Robert Slávik (born 1974), Czech ice hockey player

### Slavik

* Yuriy Slavik (born 1989), Ukrainian footballer

### Slavick

* Madeleine Marie Slavick, American author and photographer

## Given name

* Slavik Alkhasov (born 1993), Azerbaijani footballer
* Slavik Galstyan (born 1996), Armenian wrestler
* Slavik Kryklyvyy (born 1976), Ukrainian ballroom dancer
* Slavik Tabakov, British-Bulgarian medical physicist
# Lopinavir

Lopinavir is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is used against HIV infections as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, ritonavir (lopinavir/ritonavir).
It was patented in 1995 and approved for medical use in 2000. Considered now as second-line therapy in the West, it is still prescribed in LMIC, especially among children living with HIV. Lopinavir and ritonavir can be taken as a tablet or an oral solution, a preferred option in children. In the early stages of COVID-19 pandemics, lopinavir was repurposed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the hope of disturbing its protease activity.

## Side effects

Side effects, interactions, and contraindications have only been evaluated in the drug combination lopinavir/ritonavir. They include nausea, vomiting, and stomach aches.

## Pharmacology

Lopinavir is highly bound to plasma proteins (98–99%).
Reports are contradictory regarding lopinavir penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Anecdotal reports state that lopinavir cannot be detected in the CSF; however, a study of paired CSF-plasma samples from 26 patients receiving lopinavir/ritonavir found lopinavir CSF levels above the IC$_{50}$ in 77% of samples.

## Research

A 2014 study indicates that lopinavir is effective against the human papilloma virus (HPV). The study used the equivalent of one tablet twice a day applied topically to the cervices of women with high-grade and low-grade precancerous conditions. After three months of treatment, 82.6% of the women who had high-grade disease had normal cervical conditions, confirmed by smears and biopsies. Lopinavir has been shown to impair protein synthesis via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and eEF2 kinase (eEF2K) activation, a mechanism that is similar to the antiviral effect of protein phosphatase 1 inhibitors.
Lopinavir was found to inhibit MERS-CoV replication in the low-micromolar range in cell cultures. In 2020, lopinavir/ritonavir was found not to work in severe COVID-19. In this trial the medication was started typically around 13 days after the start of symptoms.
A long-acting injectable formulation of lopinavir is under clinical trial aiming at monthly dosing (NCT05850728).
# CoolnFresh Magazine

CoolnFresh Magazine is an Instagram-based satirical magazine founded by Fisnik Çerkini in 2020. It publishes content on taboo topics, social norms and political developments in Kosovo, the country where it originates from. As of January 2023, it has more than 130,000 followers on Instagram.

## History

CoolnFresh Magazine was founded in 2020 by Fisnik Çerkini, a marketing executive based in Kosovo. The magazine began to receive national coverage in Kosovo when it parodied Baton Haxhiu's statement on how the former Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo Kadri Veseli supposedly jumped from a military aircraft - which was unable to land in Tiranë International Airport due to weather conditions - in order to join the Kosovo War. CoolnFresh Magazine began publishing scenes from Commando and Mission: Impossible films with the tagline, "Baton Haxhiu with exclusive footage from the Kadri Veseli jump". Previously, the magazine had received media coverage when it parodied the Prime Minister of Kosovo Albin Kurti's social media post on how "Kosovar people don't read enough" with a video where a Kosovar, who is reading a book during his holidays, tries to refute the Prime Minister's claim, only to be shown that the book was actually being used by him to hold his beach bed more tightly.
# Permanent Representation of Armenia to the Council of Europe

The Permanent Representation of Armenia to the Council of Europe (Armenian: Եվրոպայի խորհրդում Հայաստանի մշտական ներկայացուցչություն, romanized: Yevropayi khorhrdum Hayastani mshtakan nerkayats’uts’ch’ut’yun) is the diplomatic mission of Armenia to the Council of Europe (CoE). It is headquartered in Strasbourg, France.

## History

Armenia acceded to the Council of Europe in January 2001. Armenia's Permanent Representation to the Council of Europe was established to further facilitate relations between Armenia and the CoE. As of 20 November 2024, Armen Papikyan serves as the Permanent Representative of Armenia to the Council of Europe. Khachatryan reiterated the commitment of the Government of Armenia to further deepen the agenda of cooperation with the CoE and stressed the importance of the implementation of the Council of Europe–Armenia 2019–2022 Action Plan during a meeting held with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, Marija Pejčinović Burić.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia, Ararat Mirzoyan represents Armenia in the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. Meanwhile, a delegation of four representatives represent Armenia within the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Armenia also maintains representation to the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities from delegates based in Armenia.
On 3 February 2022, Arman Khachatryan held a meeting with Tiny Kox, the President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Ambassador Khachatryan emphasized the important mission of the Parliamentary Assembly in the protection of human rights, the strengthening of democracy and the rule of law in Europe, as a pan-European platform for political discussions. The sides also discussed finding lasting solutions to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

## Permanent Representative

Permanent Representative's of Armenia to the Council of Europe:
* Armen Papikyan (2024–present)
* Arman Khachatryan (2022–2024)
* Armen Papikyan (2011–2022)
* Zohrab Mnatsakanyan (2008–2011)
* Christian Ter-Stepanyan (1999–2008)
# Katsuragawa Hoshū

Katsuragawa Hoshū (桂川 甫周, 1751 – August 2, 1809) was a Japanese physician and scholar of rangaku (Western studies). He served the Tokugawa shogunate as a physician and as a translator of Dutch. He was the older brother of author and rangaku scholar Morishima Chūryō.
As the eldest son of the Katsuragawa family, Dutch-style physicians to the shōgun, Hoshū was appointed to that position in 1777. He began teaching at the shogunal School of Medicine in 1794. In addition to collaborating with Sugita Genpaku on Kaitai Shinsho, the first Japanese translation of a Western treatise on anatomy, he was the author of Hokusa Bunryaku, one of the earliest Japanese accounts of Russia.
He learned surgery with Nakagawa Jun'an from Carl Peter Thunberg when he was in Nagasaki. By the recommendation of Thunberg, Kirill Laxman wrote a letter to him. However, the letter was taken by Tokugawa shogunate and never returned. (See. Kirill Laxman#Letters to Japanese scholars)
# A1 registration plate

The A1 registration plate is a United Kingdom vehicle registration plate that was first issued in 1903. It has since had several owners and has been transferred between many different vehicles. While it was the first vehicle registration issued in London, it is not the first issued in the United Kingdom.

## History

In 1903, the Motor Car Act, which mandated the registration of motor vehicles, became law. It took effect on 1 January 1904, though the first number plates were issued in late 1903. The A1 registration plate was issued by London County Council in December 1903. From surviving records, the first number known to have been issued is DY1, issued in Hastings on 23 November 1903.
The plate was issued to the second Earl Russell for his Napier car. There are different accounts of how Russell obtained the plate, with many stating he queued all night for it, or he made his butler queue all night. However Russell served in the London County Council as an Alderman from 1895 to 1904, and was at one time chairman of the council highways committee. All the first London registrations with single-digit numbers went to politicians connected with the London County Council or their relatives.
In 1906, Russell's car, with the registration, was sold to the Chairman of the London County Council. In 1907, it was bought by George Pettyt. He was the head of the Maudes Group, a car dealership. Prettyt successively transferred the registration to each of his personal cars over the following years.
Pettyt died in 1950. His Sunbeam Talbot 90, which then bore the plate, was bequeathed to Trevor Laker, a former editor of Motorcycle and Cycle Trader, and a company director of John Bull Rubber. In 1951, Talbot transferred the registration from the Sunbeam-Talbot to a new Austin A90 Atlantic, which became the 37th car to use the plate. A condition of Prettyt's bequest was that Laker would use the plate for his lifetime, then it was to be sold and the proceeds given to a dogs' charity. In 1959, Laker sold the plate for £2,500 and donated the money to The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, with Laker allowed to continue using it for his lifetime. In 1970 Laker died, and the buyer–Dunlop Rubber–took ownership and rights to the plate.
Dunlop put the registration onto a Daimler limousine that was used to transport VIPs to and from the Dunlop factories. The plate was used for a brief period on the Director of Engineering's car, a Mini. The tyre division later took ownership and it was used for promotional purposes, including the marketing of the Denovo "fail-safe" wheels. The Director of the Coventry based Dunlop factory also used A1 on his company car which was an Austin Princess, which he and the car relocated to Head Office in London.
In 1985, BTR plc gained the A1 plate after it acquired Dunlop. The company's headquarters in Birmingham placed it on a Ford Granada. In 2000, the plate was bought by Jefri Bolkiah after its sale by Insignia Registrations alongside the plate, 1A. The plates were placed on matching, white Bentley Azures. As of 16 March 2023, the plate is assigned to a black 2007 Mini Cooper S Auto.
# Arnulf of Lisieux

Arnulf of Lisieux (1104/1109 – 31 August 1184) was a medieval French bishop who figured prominently as a conservative figure during the Renaissance of the 12th century, built the Cathedral of Lisieux, which introduced Gothic architecture to Normandy, and implemented the reforms of Bernard of Clairvaux.

## Biography

He was born in Normandy, the second son of Hardouin de Neuville, and was educated there by his elder brother, Jean, Bishop of Sées. It is probable that he studied theology in Paris in the mid-1120s. By 1133 he was a clerk in the household of Geoffrey of Leves, Bishop of Chatres and was studying Roman Law in Bologna. He made his mark writing in defence of Pope Innocent II a violent letter against Gerard, bishop of Angoulême, a partisan of the Jewish-descended Antipope Anacletus II (Petrus Leonis). He went to England to serve in the court of Stephen during The Anarchy.
In 1141 Arnulf was raised to the See of Lisieux. He started to repair the cathedral, which had been burned 5 years prior, before having the funds to start the necessary full rebuilding in 1160. He accompanied Louis VII on his crusade (1147), was faithful to Pope Alexander III at the Council of Tours (1163) during the schism, and encouraged his brother bishops to defend the cause of ecclesiastical liberty against Henry II of England.
He was an early partisan of Henry in his struggles as Duke of Normandy to become king of England and took the king's side in the conflict between Henry and Thomas Becket, but in attempting to mediate between king and archbishop he alienated both sides; after Becket's murder Arnulf undertook the royal defence before the pope. In 1181 or perhaps a little earlier, he lost the good will of the king, and for a while that of Pope Lucius III. He then resigned his see, claiming age and feebleness, and retired to the Abbey of St. Victor, Paris, where he died. His writings include a collection of letters, collated by himself, which survive in 19 manuscripts, and some poetry.
He was the uncle of Hugh Nonant, who was Bishop of Coventry from 1185 to 1198.
# List of police museums

Police museums display police memorabilia related to a local police department or the history of law enforcement or emergency services in an area.

## Canada

* Ontario Provincial Police Museum, Canada
* The Toronto Police Museum & Discovery Centre
* RCMP Heritage Centre, Regina, Saskatchewan
* Rotary Museum of Police and Corrections, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan
* Vancouver Police Museum
* Winnipeg Police Museum

## United Kingdom

* Bow Street Police Museum
* Glasgow Police Museum, Scotland (entry free)
* Hampshire Police and Fire Heritage Trust, housed in the Solent Sky Museum
* Kent Police Museum, Chatham, Kent, England
* Metropolitan Police Museum, London
* National Emergency Services Museum in Sheffield, England
* Thames Valley Police Museum
* West Midlands Police Museum, Birmingham, England
* The Museum of Policing in Devon & Cornwall, Devon, England

## United States

* Alaska State Troopers Museum
* The Greater Cincinnati Police Historical Society Museum
* Cleveland Police Historical Society Museum
* Maryland State Police Museum, Pikesville
* National Law Enforcement Museum, Washington, DC
* New York City Police Museum
* San Diego County Sheriff's Museum
* Seattle Metropolitan Police Museum
* Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum
* Phoenix Police Museum

## Elsewhere

* Cyprus Police Museum
* Hong Kong Police Museum
* Garda Museum, Dublin, Ireland
* National Police Museum India
* New Zealand Police Museum
* Police Heritage Centre (Singapore Police Force)
* Police Museum (Stockholm), Sweden
* Venlo Police Museum, Netherlands
* World Police Museum, Taiwan
* Sindh Police Museum, Pakistan
* Punjab Police Museum, Pakistan
# Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre

The Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre (BICOM) is a UK-based organisation which acts to promote awareness of Israel and the Middle East in the United Kingdom. BICOM publishes materials such as briefings and a journal, Fathom, covering the history, economy, culture and politics of Israel, Middle East peace plans, terrorism in the Middle East, UK-Israel relations and foreign policy.

## History

After the outbreak of the Second Intifada, British Jews founded the Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre (BICOM) to promote a more supportive environment for Israel in the UK, principally through work with the media.
In 2005, Ruth Smeeth joined as director of public affairs and campaigns.
In 2009, it was criticized as "one of the most persistent and slickest media operations in the battle for influence over opinion formers".

## We Believe in Israel

"We Believe in Israel" is BICOM's pro-Israel advocacy organization in the United Kingdom. The current director is former Labour councillor Luke Akehurst. "We Believe in Israel" provides learning materials to both the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the United Synagogue. It is a member of the Jewish Leadership Council.

## Fathom journal

In November 2012, BICOM launched Fathom, a quarterly online scholarly journal edited by Professor Alan Johnson and deputy edited by scholar Toby Greene. According to Johnson. the journal would present a wide range of voices and seek to "paint an honest and nuanced portrait of Israel as it is, even if not always flattering." As of 2014, Fathom had 30,000 readers, mostly in the UK, but also in Europe, the United States, and Israel. As an adjunct to the journal, BICOM ran Fathom seminars for members of the think tank community, academics, and policymakers.
Contributors to Fathom include journalists David Landau and Aluf Benn of Haaretz, Dave Rich, scholar David Hirsh, and author Steven Lee Beeber.
Martin Sherman of the Israel Institute for Strategic Studies accused Fathom in 2016 of "stifling debate" by refusing to publish articles by writers who oppose the two-state solution from an Israeli right wing perspective.
# Dymon Asia

Dymon Asia is an Asia-focused investment management firm based in Singapore. It is considered one of the largest hedge funds in Singapore and Asia.

## History

Abax Dymon was founded in 2008 by Danny Yong and Keith Tan. Yong was founding partner and CIO of Abax Global Capital, a hedge fund based in Hong Kong that was part-owned by Morgan Stanley. He previously was a managing director at Citadel LLC and Head of Trading for South East Asian FX and Derivatives at Goldman Sachs.
In August 2008, the Tudor Investment Corporation provided US$123 million of seed funding to Dymon Asia.
In August 2009, the firm separated from Abax Global Capital and was renamed to Dymon Asia. It also stated accepting money from outside investors. Initially it relied on European investors for half of its money but later gathered capital from US investors and pension funds.
In May 2014, Temasek Holdings invested US$500 million in Dymon Asia and also took a minority stake in the company.

## Business overview

Dymon Asia is an investment firm that invests in both the public equity as well as the private equity markets. It is headquartered in Singapore with additional offices in Hong Kong, Tokyo and London.
Its flagship fund is the Dymon Asia Macro Fund which held US$2 billion assets under management and had a return of 37% in the first quarter of 2020.
In 2020, the US$1 billion Dymon Asia Multi-Strategy Investment Fund was launched.
Aside from the two funds above, Dymon Asia also runs a China Absolute return Bond fund and the Jadea Segregated Portfolio, a Greater China-focused long-short equity fund.

### Dymon Asia Private Equity

In 2012, Dymon Asia Private Equity was founded as the Private Equity arm of Dymon Asia. It is focused on making investments in SME companies in Southeast Asia.

#### Private Equity Funds

| Fund | Vintage Year | Committed Capital ($m) |
| Dymon Asia Private Equity (S.E. Asia) Fund | 2012 | SGD 300 |
| Dymon Asia Private Equity (S.E. Asia) Fund II | 2018 | USD 450 |
| Dymon Asia Private Equity (S.E. Asia) Fund III | 2022 | USD 650 |

### Dymon Asia Ventures

In 2015, Dymon Asia Ventures was launched as the venture capital arm of Dymon Asia and raised US$50 million in 2017 to invest in fintech companies. In 2020, Dymon Asia Ventures was spun-off as a separate company to form Integra Partners.
Notable investments include Capital Match and QxBranch.
# Swargadwari

Sworgadwari (स्वर्गद्वारी pronounced) is a hilltop temple and pilgrimage site in Pyuthan District, Nepal, commemorating the special role of cows in Hinduism. It is said to have been founded by Guru Maharaj Narayan Gautam Khatri, also known as Swami Hamsananda, who spent most of his life in the area, herding and milking thousands of cows.
Swargadwari is considered one of Nepal's top pilgrimage sites and is listed in the national inventory of cultural and historic heritage sites.
As of 2009, a cable car to the temple complex was under construction. In the aftermath of the 1996-2006 Nepalese Civil War, donations of straw and hay had diminished to the point where resident cattle at Swargadwari were in danger of starving.