OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shelayna Oskan-Clarke

Shelayna Oskan-Clarke (born 20 January 1990) is a British middle-distance runner. Shelayna is currently the British 800m champion. She competed in the 800 metres event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, Where she finished 5th in the final. In 2016, she won the women's 800m at the Anniversary Games, and also reached the semi-final at the Rio Olympic Games, missing out on a place in the final. In 2019, Shelayna took the gold medal at the European Athletics Indoor Championships in Glasgow.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Great Britain and England ||||||
| 2008 | Commonwealth Youth Games | Pune, India | 5th | 400 m | 55.77 |
| 2015 | European Indoor Championship | Prague, Czech Republic | 14th (h) | 800 m | 2:05.08 |
| 2015 | World Championship | Beijing, China | 5th | 800 m | 1:58.99 |
| 2016 | Olympic Games | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 10th (sf) | 800 m | 1:59.45 |
| 2017 | European Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 2nd | 800 m | 2:00.39 |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 22nd (sf) | 800 m | 2:02.26 |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 3rd | 800 m | 1:59.81 |
| 2018 | Commonwealth Games | Gold Coast, Australia | 12th (h) | 800 m | 2:00.81 |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 8h | 800 m | 2:02.26 |
| 2019 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 1st | 800 m | 2:01.16 |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 24th (sf) | 800 m | 2:10.89 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 400 metres – 53.20 (Birmingham 2011)
* 800 metres – 1:58.86 (Beijing 2015)
* 1500 metres – 4:28.29 (Watford 2014)
Indoor
* 400 metres – 54.48 (Birmingham 2012)
* 800 metres – 1:59.81 (Birmingham 2018)
# Aana Mayil Ottakam

Aana Mayil Ottakam is a 2015 Indian Malayalam anthology film narrating three short, unconnected stories written and directed by Jayakrishnan and Anil Sign. Balu Varghese, Mithun Murali and Sharran are seen in prominent roles. Photography was completed in July 2015, and the film was released on 27 November 2015 in theatres in Kerala as well as online through Reelmonk simultaneously.

## Plot

There are three movies in Aana Mayil Ottakam. The first one Aa Aaa E Ee stars Mithun Murali and is directed by Jayakrishnan. It depicts the journey of a schoolboy from a poor family in 1980 and ends in 2015 showing his life progress. The second one, 12 out of 15, directed by Jayakrishna and Anil Sign jointly is about life in a multi-national company. The plot develops in two rooms and Balu Varghese is the main lead. The third one, Fill In The Blanks, with Sharran in the lead, is directed by Anil Sign. The three movies are independent of each other.

## Cast
### Aa Aaa E Ee

* Mithun Murali
* Netra (Sushma Prakash)
* Chembil Ashokan
* Sunil Sukhada
* Seema G Nair
* Gourav Menon
* Meenakshi
* Siddarth
* Aakash Santhosh
* Hochimin K C

### 12/15

* Balu Varghese
* Santhosh Keezhattoor
* Reina Maria
* Sivanare

### Fill in the blanks

* Sharran as Gireesh
* Gopalakrishnan
* Shivan
* Rajeev Rajan
* Reena
* Divya
* Remya
* Indrans as Sajan
* KTS Padannayil
* Kalabhavan Haneef
* Gopan
* Vishnu Unnikrishnan
* Vinod Kedamangalam
* Sajad Bright

## Release

The film released in theatres on 27 November 2015. Following the release of Ottaal simultaneously in theatres and online, Aana Mayil Ottakam released through Reelmonk.com the same day as its theatre release. The film was available for pre-booking before the online release, which was a first for Malayalam Cinema.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack of the film was launched was on 12 November 2015 through Muzik 247 by Arjun Lal.
# Skrzak

* This article relating to a European folklore is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
The skrzak is a household spirit in Polish and Wendish mythology. It dwells beneath the hearth and performs household chores and protects the home, however after its master dies, the skrzak will take their soul.

## In popular culture

* In the fantasy fiction anthology City of the Gods - Starybogow: Whispers in the Dark the skrzak is depicted as a little purplish-black flying imp. Within the anthology's setting, earthquakes had released both Eldar Gods and Slavic Deities from the Void. This left many underground labyrinthine mazes which skrzak are said to inhabit. In additional to fangs and claw, the skrzak are given maniacal laughter that induces madness. Prior to August 1, 2022, this article's the description of skrzak came directly from this fantasy fiction anthology without sourcing or reference.
# Fusinus thielei

Fusinus thielei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.
# Khuushuur

Khuushuur (Mongolian: хуушууp; Russian: чебуре́к, romanized: cheburek, IPA:; Chinese: 火烧儿; pinyin: huǒshāor) is a meat pastry that is popular in Mongolia, which is similar to recipes in Russian and other cuisines like Chebureki or Jiucai hezi. It is a circle of wheat flour dough folded in half around a filling of minced or ground beef, mutton, or camel, and ground up or deep fried. The seasoning of the meat is with onion and salt (and sometimes garlic) and once served, Khuushuur can be eaten as is or accompanied by ketchup or Maggi sauce. Aside from the traditional meat-filled version, there are alternative preparations of Khuushuur. Some variations replace the meat filling with carrots, cabbage (although less popular), or mashed potatoes. These vegetable versions can retain a distinctive taste of mutton due to the use of cooking oil. In a restaurant it is served four to an order with a lettuce leaf and gherkins on the side, or sometimes carrot salad in more high-end establishments.
# Rhodamine

Rhodamine /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a family of related dyes, a subset of the triarylmethane dyes. They are derivatives of xanthene. Important members of the rhodamine family are rhodamine 6G, Rhodamin WT, Texas Red (Sulforhodamin 101), rhodamine 123, and rhodamine B. They are mainly used to dye paper and inks, but they lack the lightfastness for fabric dyeing.

## Use

Aside from their major applications, they are often used as a tracer dye, e.g. to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport of water. Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected using Fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA. Rhodamine 123 is used in biochemistry to inhibit mitochondrion function. Rhodamine 123 appears to bind to the mitochondrial membranes and inhibit transport processes, especially the electron transport chain, thus slowing down cellular respiration. It is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which is usually overexpressed in cancer cells. Recent reports indicate that rhodamine 123 may also be a substrate of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), or more specifically, MRP1.
In addition to their major applications, rhodamines are used in dye laser as gain media.

## Other derivatives

There are many rhodamine derivatives used for imaging purposes, for example Carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA), tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) and its isothiocyanate derivative (TRITC) and sulforhodamine 101 (and its sulfonyl chloride form Texas Red) and Rhodamine Red. TRITC is the base rhodamine molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate group (−N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure. This derivative is reactive towards amine groups on proteins inside cells. A succinimidyl-ester functional group attached to the rhodamine core, creating NHS-rhodamine, forms another common amine-reactive derivative.
Other derivatives of rhodamine include newer fluorophores such as Alexa 546, Alexa 633, DyLight 550 and DyLight 633, HiLyte fluor 555 HiLyte 594, Janelia Dyes JF549 and JF669 have been tailored for various chemical and biological applications where higher photostability, increased brightness, different spectral characteristics, or different attachment groups are needed.
Substituents of the xanthene core are influencing the properties of the xanthene dyes by both electronic and steric effects. Specifically designed substituents also allows xanthenes to bear specific functions activatable upon excitation by visible light, e.g. they could act as photoremovable protecting group for carboxylates and halides, carbon monoxide (thus being a photoCORM), or added as a secondary functionality of fluorescent dyes, e.g. fluorescent pH indicators.
# Ammonicera circumcirra

Ammonicera circumcirra is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Omalogyridae.

## Description

The diameter of the shell varies between 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Cuba, Puerto Rico and in the Atlantic Ocean off Brazil.
# Mohammad Sewar

Mohammad Sewar is a Yemeni politician. He quit his position as Assistant Secretary General of the Cabinet over the 2011 Yemeni uprising.
# Buddhaguhya

Buddhaguhya (also known as Buddhagupta) (fl. c.700 CE) was a Vajrayana Buddhist scholar-monk. Throughout his career he taught at multiple locations including the monastery of Nālandā and Vārāṇasī, and spent time in meditation near Mount Kailash. Vimalamitra was one of his students.
A major commentary by Buddhaguhya of the Mahavairocana Tantra was written in 760 and is preserved in Tibetan. Hodge translates it into English alongside the text itself. Apart from his commentary on the Maha-Vairocana-Abhisambodhi Tantra, little is known of Buddhaguhya.

## Life

The details of Buddhaguhya's life start to emerge in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, hundreds of years after his death and therefore cannot be historically verified. This was mainly detailed in the hagiographical writings of Tibetan authors like Longchenpa, Chomden Rigpe Raldri, Buton Rinchen Drub and Taranatha.
Taranatha claimed that Buddhaguhya was born near the city of Varanasi while Dudjom Jikdrel Dorje states he was born in Central India. Buddhaguhya was the son of a King and belonged to the kshatriya caste. The King's wish was for his son to become a religious teacher so he asked Buddhaguhya to meditate on the Bodhisattva, Mañjuśrī. He initially took to this practice but later began to doubt himself causing bad omens to occur.
Taking his father's permission, he travelled to eastern India where he was ordained as a scholar at Nalanda monastery. There is a lack of clarity in the Tibetan sources as to exactly which scholars Buddhaguhya studied under. The Nyingma tradition also holds that he travelled to Uddiyana as well. During his time of study, he mastered the tantras and achieved the position of royal chaplain as well.
As per Taranatha, Buddhaguhya travelled with another monk called Buddhaśānta to Mount Potalaka in Tamil Nadu, the supposed residence of the bodhisattva, Avalokiteśvara. Once they reached the top of the mountain, they saw only a stone image of Avalokiteśvara. Disappointed, as they descended the mountain, the deity Tara is said to have appeared before them in the form of an old woman and instructed the pair of them to practice meditation in Mount Kailash. Buddhaguhya however became jealous of Buddhaśānta's clairvoyance and instead travelled to Varanasi where he spent several years teaching. During this period, he had a vision of Mañjuśrī who also asked him to practice meditation in Mount Kailash.
After travelling through the Himalayas, he settled at a rookery near the mountain and began his practice. This attracted the attention of Tibetan royalty who subsequently sent several envoys to try and convince Buddhaguhya to teach in Tibet. This included requests from Trisong Detsen, the emperor of Tibet at the time. Buddhaguhya rejected these requests but instead taught the envoys and initiated them into the Vajradhātu maṇḍala. He also sent them commentaries and his own writings including the Epistle to the Ruler, his Subjects, and the Clergy of Tibet.
Some sources detail that after his period of practice at Mount Kailash, Buddhaguhya returned to India to continue his teaching until his death.
# MSC Armonia

MSC Armonia is a Lirica-class cruise ship owned and operated by MSC Cruises. Originally built in 2001 for, the now defunct, Festival Cruises as MS European Vision, she has been operating for MSC Cruises since 2004. At 58,600 gross tons, she can accommodate 2,065 passengers in 783 cabins and 760 crew members.

## History
### As European Vision

As European Vision, she was chartered for the 27th G8 summit (20–22 July 2001) in Genoa, Italy as a secure location to house world leaders. Terrorism fears were high leading up to the 11 September attacks on the World Trade Centre. Al Qaeda was believed to be considering Genoa as a target. Although the ship was protected by a phalanx of anti-terrorism units including helicopters and missile launchers, U.S. President George W. Bush stayed at a dockside hotel instead.

### As MSC Armonia

MSC Armonia has cruised around the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Atlantic. On 10 April 2018, MSC Armonia struck a dock at the port in Roatán. Damage to the ship was minor. After repairs were made to the ship, Honduran Port State Control authorities cleared the ship to continue her journey to Belize. No injuries to the passengers and crew on board were reported. The ships' homeport was in Havana until December 2018. She was re-located to Miami, offering cruises to Cuba and, later, to the Caribbean. In November 2020, she was moved to Tampa, Florida as homeport for the first time and sailed to the Caribbean.

#### COVID-19 pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the CDC reported as early as 22 April 2020, that at least one person who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, was symptomatic while on board.
The COVID-19 pandemic forced fleet redeployments and MSC Armonia was moved to Miami and continued sailing from there through 2021.
On 15 December 2023, a passenger fell overboard and was never found.
# Rostow

Rostow is an Americanized form of the Russian and Ashkenazi Jewish toponymic surname Rostov (Russian: Ростов; masculine) or Rostova (Ростова; feminine). It indicates someone from Rostov in Russia. Notable people with the surname include:
* Elspeth Rostow (1917–2007), American educator and policy advisor
* Eugene V. Rostow (1913–2002), American jurist
* Lois Rostow Kuznets, American professor emeritus specializing in children's literature
* Walt Rostow (1916–2003), American economist and political theorist
# The Inheritor (novel)

The Inheritor is a 1930 mystery novel by the British writer E. F. Benson, best known as the author of the Mapp and Lucia series. Like his earlier 1901 novel The Luck of the Vails it revolves around a curse plaguing a wealthy family. While that had downplayed the supernatural elements in favour of a crime approach The Inheritor, one of his final works, was more ambiguous.

## Synopsis

A long-standing curse hangs over the Gervase family for generations, but unexpectedly the current heir Cambridge University student Stephen Gervase appears normal and untouched by the spell.
# Sarah Crew

Sarah Crew QPM is a British Police Chief Constable. She became Avon and Somerset's first woman Chief Constable in November 2021.

## Life

Crew attended Bristol Grammar School where she was good at running in the 800 metres. The staff there gave her extra lessons to support her application to Oxford University to study Classics which she completed at Magdalen College.
She joined the police in 1994 and nine years later she was a Detective Inspector. She became Avon and Somerset Police's first woman Chief Constable in November 2021 when she was promoted from the deputy position.
She worked with academics on a collaboration called Project Bluestone where they were trying to improve the police's response to victims of rape.
Crew made headlines in 2023 when she conceded that her organisation was "institutionally racist" and it unfairly discriminated against women, LGBTQ+ and those with disabilities. She clarified that this was not a label for individual officers, but for her constabulary as a whole.
Criticism followed the screening of a Channel 4 programme that looked at how the police investigated themselves in Avon and Somerset. The local police federation raised objections even though they, like Crew, had agreed to the filming, which had begun in 2019. Crew noted that it was never anticipated that interest would be so high. The TV series "To Catch a Copper" was first screened in January 2024 after scandals involving women's treatment by the police .
80 women had been killed in the UK in 2024. Jess Phillips the newly appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Safeguarding and Violence Against Women and Girls had committed to end the "scourge of femicide" and the Guardian had announced that it intended to report every death in 2015. Crew was interviewed in January 2025 where she cautioned domestic abusers that they were being offered help but the police intended to arrest offenders.
# Ivittuut Municipality

Ivittuut Greenlandic pronunciation:, (old spelling Ivigtût) was a municipality (from 1951 until 2008), on the coast of Arsuk Fjord in southern Greenland. With an area of just 100 km$^2$ (600 km$^2$ according to other sources), it was the smallest municipality of Greenland, bordering on the former Narsaq municipality in the north, east and south, and on the west by the Labrador Sea. It has been integrated into the new Sermersooq municipality. Due to its small size, the municipality is all ice-free, as it does not extend inward to the ice sheet of Greenland.
The town of Ivittuut is abandoned and the only settlement of the municipality is the permanent naval base Kangilinnguit (Grønnedal). The municipality existed de jure and was about to be absorbed by Narsaq when the 2009 municipal reform took place.
Kangilinnguit is the Danish naval headquarters of Greenland, originally established to protect Ivittuut's cryolite mine.

## Climate

Climate data for Ivittuut :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4 (24) | −3 (26) | −1 (31) | 3 (38) | 8 (47) | 12 (54) | 14 (57) | 13 (55) | 8 (47) | 4 (40) | 0 (32) | −3 (27) | 4 (40) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11 (12) | −11 (12) | −9 (16) | −4 (24) | 1 (33) | 4 (39) | 6 (42) | 5 (41) | 2 (36) | −2 (29) | −6 (22) | −9 (16) | −3 (27) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 84 (3.3) | 66 (2.6) | 86 (3.4) | 64 (2.5) | 89 (3.5) | 81 (3.2) | 79 (3.1) | 94 (3.7) | 150 (5.9) | 140 (5.7) | 120 (4.6) | 79 (3.1) | 1,130 (44.6) |
| Source: Weatherbase ||||||||||||||
# Achille Müntz

Charles Achille Müntz (10 August 1846 – 20 February 1917) was a French agricultural chemist.

## Biography

He was born at Soultz-sous-Forêts, Alsace, studied under Jean-Baptiste Boussingault in Paris, and, after acting as his assistant for ten years, succeeded him as director of the chemical laboratories in the Institut National Agronomique (1887–1914). From 1907 to 1914 he was also director of the research station for plant chemistry at Meudon (Collège de France). He was a member of the Académie des sciences (1896–1917) and the Académie d'Agriculture (from 1915).
Müntz made special research on the feeding of cattle and horses, and, following Boussingault's method, tested his theories by practice on great herds, on Parisian cab horses, and, in the case of his contributions to viniculture, in various vineyards. He served as director of the "Bibliothèque de l'Enseignement Agricole".
In 1877 together with Jean-Jacques Schloesing he proved that nitrification is indeed microbially mediated process.
He died in Paris.

## Writings

He published the results of his experiments in the Annales of the Agricultural Institute, and other chemical and agricultural journals, and wrote:
* Recherches sur l'alimentation des chevaux, with Antoine-Charles Girard (1884).
* Les engrais, ("On fertilizer"; 2 volumes, with Antoine-Charles Girard, 1888–91).
* Les vignes. Recherches expérimentales sur leur culture et leur exploitation, (1895).
* Recherches sur la nitrification intensive et l'établissement des nitrières à hauts rendements, ("Research on intensive nitrification and the establishment of niter beds for high yields, 1908).

## Family

He was a brother of the art critic Eugène Müntz.
# Juris Aploks

Juris Aploks (Russian: Юрий Юрьевич Аплок, Yuri Yuryevich Aplok; April 21, 1893 – April 2, 1938) was an officer of Latvian Riflemen and later a Soviet Komdiv.

## Military career

He was born on 21 April, 1893 in the family of a farmer in Raņķi Parish, Kuldīga district. At the beginning of World War I, he was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army, and in 1915 was sent to study at the Pskov Ensign School. After graduating from military school he participated in battles as an officer of the 2nd Riga Latvian Riflemen Regiment, and in 1917 was promoted to the rank of staff captain.
After the October Revolution, he went over to the Bolshevik side. During the German attack on 25 February, 1918, he commanded parts of the 2nd Riga Latvian Rifle Regiment in the battles near Pskov. After the establishment of the Red Latvian Rifle Division, on 21 June, 1918, he was appointed chief of the operational part of its headquarters, and on 27 July, chief of staff. In August 1918, he was sent to the Urals to fight against the Czechoslovak Legion, where he served as Chief of Staff of the Soviet 3rd Army, in 1919 as Deputy Chief of Staff of the 6th Rifle Division, and as Assistant Chief of Staff of the Eastern Sector of the Front.
After the end of the Russian Civil War, he commanded the Ukrainian and Crimean Cheka troops (1921) and the GPU troops of the Moscow Military District (1922). In 1922, Aploks graduated from the Frunze Military Academy, in 1924 he was appointed commander of the 14th Rifle Division, in 1930 as Deputy Chief of Staff of the North Caucasus Military District, and in 1932 as Deputy Chief of Staff of the Moscow Military District. He was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Red Star.

## Arrest, execution and rehabilitation

During the Great Purge as a part of the so-called "Latvian Operation", he was arrested on 18 December, 1937, sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union on 1 April, 1938, executed the next day, and buried in the Kommunarka mass grave. He was rehabilitated on 25 June, 1958.
# K. Raghunath

Krishnan Raghunath is an Indian diplomat who served as the Foreign Secretary of India in the late 1990s. He previously served as the Indian High Commissioner to Bangladesh as well as Ambassador to Russia, Nigeria and the Philippines.

## Biography

He graduated from the prestigious Madras Christian College. K. Raghunath went to school at La Martiniere Boys' College in Lucknow, India.
He joined the Indian Foreign service in 1962. He married, Sunny, in 1975.
* In June 1967, Chinese authorities expelled Krishnan Raghunath and Vijai Padmanab two Indian diplomats on charges of espionage. India retaliated by expelling two members of the Chinese embassy in New Delhi.
* From 1978 to April 1979 he was counsellor in the Indian Embassy in Moscow.
He became Foreign Secretary on 1 July 1997 when he took over from Salman Haidar.
In 2001 he became the Indian ambassador to Russia, taking over from Mr S.K. Lambah.