# Madeline Kahn

Madeline Gail Kahn (née Wolfson; September 29, 1942 – December 3, 1999) was an American actress, comedian, and singer. She was known for her comedic roles in films directed by Peter Bogdanovich and Mel Brooks, including What's Up, Doc? (1972), Young Frankenstein (1974), High Anxiety (1977), History of the World, Part I (1981), and her Academy Award–nominated roles in Paper Moon (1973) and Blazing Saddles (1974).
Kahn made her Broadway debut in Leonard Sillman's New Faces of 1968, and received Tony Award nominations for the play In the Boom Boom Room in 1974 and for the original production of the musical On the Twentieth Century in 1978. She starred as Madeline Wayne on the short-lived sitcom Oh Madeline (1983–84) and won a Daytime Emmy Award in 1987 for an ABC Afterschool Special. She received a third Tony Award nomination for the revival of the play Born Yesterday in 1989, before winning the 1993 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the comedy The Sisters Rosensweig. Her other film appearances included The Cheap Detective (1978), Yellowbeard (1983), City Heat (1984), Clue (1985), and Nixon (1995).

## Early life and education

Kahn was born in Boston, the daughter of Bernard B. Wolfson, a garment manufacturer, and his wife Freda (née Goldberg). She was raised in a nonobservant Jewish family. Her parents divorced when Kahn was two, and she moved with her mother to New York City. In 1953, Freda married Hiller Kahn, who later adopted Madeline; Freda eventually changed her own name to Paula Kahn. Madeline Kahn had two half-siblings: Jeffrey (from her mother's marriage to Kahn) and Robyn (from her father's second marriage).
In 1948, Kahn was sent to the progressive Manumit School, a boarding school in Bristol, Pennsylvania. During that time, her mother pursued her acting dream. Kahn soon began acting herself and performed in a number of school productions. In 1960, she graduated from Martin Van Buren High School in Queens, New York, and then earned a drama scholarship to Hofstra University on Long Island. At Hofstra, she studied drama, music, and speech therapy. Kahn graduated from Hofstra in 1964 with a degree in speech therapy. She was a member of a local sorority on campus, Delta Chi Delta. She later studied singing in New York City with Beverley Peck Johnson.

## Career

When asked on television by Kitty Carlisle and Charles Nelson Reilly how she began the opera aspect of her career, Kahn said:
   It's so hard to determine exactly when I began or why, singing. The Muse was definitely not in attendance. I'll tell you exactly.
To earn money while a college student, Kahn was a singing waitress at a Bavarian restaurant named Bavarian Manor, a Hofbräuhaus in New York's Hudson Valley. She sang musical comedy numbers during shows.
   There was a really important customer there, a big Italian man, who shouted out to me 'Sing Madame Butterfly', and of course he didn't mean the whole opera. He meant that one very popular aria, "Un Bel Di". So, if I was to come back the next summer to earn more money during the next year, I'd better know that aria. You know, and I didn't know anything about it; I just learned that one aria and a few others and then one thing led to another and I studied that, and I discovered that I could sing that, sort of, that way. But my first actual thing that I did was Candide for Leonard Bernstein's 50th birthday at Philharmonic Hall—at the time that's what it was called. And I don't know if that was an opera, but it was very hard to sing. I actually have done Musetta in La Bohème a long time ago in Washington, DC. I mean, utterly terrifying. I mean, basically I feel as though I was asked to do it and I did it.

### 1960s

Kahn began auditioning for professional acting roles shortly after her graduation from Hofstra; on the side, she briefly taught public school. Just before adopting the professional name Madeline Kahn (Kahn was her stepfather's surname), she made her stage debut as a chorus girl in a revival of Kiss Me, Kate, which led her to join Actors' Equity. Her part in the musical How Now, Dow Jones was written out before the 1967 show reached Broadway.
In 1968, Kahn performed her first professional lead in a special concert performance of the operetta Candide in honor of Leonard Bernstein's 50th birthday. She made her Broadway debut in 1968 with Leonard Sillman's New Faces of 1968 and also appeared off-Broadway in the musical Promenade.

### 1970s and 1980s

Kahn appeared in two Broadway musicals in the 1970s: a featured role in Richard Rodgers' 1970 Noah's Ark–themed show Two by Two (singing a high C) and a lead turn as Lily Garland in 1978's On the Twentieth Century. She left (or, reportedly, was fired from) the latter show early in its run, yielding the role to understudy Judy Kaye. She starred in a 1977 Town Hall semi-staged concert version of She Loves Me (opposite Barry Bostwick and original London cast member Rita Moreno).
Kahn's film debut was in the 1968 short De Düva (The Dove). Her feature debut was as Ryan O'Neal's character's hysterical fiancée in Peter Bogdanovich's screwball comedy What's Up, Doc? (1972) starring Barbra Streisand. Her film career continued with Bogdanovich's Paper Moon (1973), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
Kahn was cast in the role of Agnes Gooch in the 1974 film Mame, but star Lucille Ball fired Kahn due to artistic differences. (Several of Ball's biographies say Kahn was eager to be released from the role so that she could join the cast of Blazing Saddles, a film about to go into production. Kahn stated in a 1996 interview with Charlie Rose that she was fired.) Ball's version was that Kahn had already been offered Blazing Saddles and thus deliberately got herself fired by acting badly in the first few days of shooting for Mame.
A close succession of comedies—Blazing Saddles (1974), Young Frankenstein (1974), and High Anxiety (1977)—were all directed by Mel Brooks, who was able to bring out the best of Kahn's comic talents. Their last collaboration was 1981's History of the World, Part I. For Blazing Saddles, she was again nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In the April 2006 issue of Premiere, her performance in Blazing Saddles as Lili von Shtupp was selected as number 74 on its list of the 100 greatest performances of all time.
In 1975, Kahn again teamed with Bogdanovich to co-star with Burt Reynolds and Cybill Shepherd in the musical At Long Last Love. The film was a critical and financial disaster, but Kahn largely escaped blame for the failure. At Long Last Love was one of three films in which Kahn worked alongside the character actress Eileen Brennan, the other two being The Cheap Detective and Clue. In that same year, she again teamed with Gene Wilder, this time for his comedy The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother. In 1978, Kahn's comic screen persona reached another peak with her portrayal of Mrs. Montenegro in Neil Simon's The Cheap Detective (1978), a spoof of both Casablanca and The Maltese Falcon, directed by Robert Moore. That role was followed by a cameo in 1979's The Muppet Movie.
Kahn's roles were primarily comedic rather than dramatic, although the 1970s found her originating roles in two plays that had elements of both: 1973's In the Boom Boom Room on Broadway and 1977's Marco Polo Sings a Solo off-Broadway.
After her success in Brooks' films, Kahn appeared in a number of films in the 1980s. She played Mrs. White in 1985's Clue, First Lady Constance Link in the 1980 spoof First Family, a twin from outer space in the Jerry Lewis sci-fi comedy Slapstick of Another Kind (1982), the love interest of Burt Reynolds in the crime comedy City Heat (1984), and Draggle in the animated film My Little Pony: The Movie (1986). She voiced the character Gussie Mausheimer in the animated film An American Tail. According to animator Don Bluth, she was cast because he was "hoping she would use a voice similar to the one she used as a character in Mel Brooks' Blazing Saddles."
In 1983, Kahn starred in her own short-lived TV sitcom, Oh Madeline, which ended after one season due to poor ratings. In 1986, she starred in ABC Comedy Factory's pilot of Chameleon, which never aired on the fall schedule. In 1987, Kahn won a Daytime Emmy award for her performance in the ABC Afterschool Special Wanted: The Perfect Guy.
Kahn returned to the stage as Billie Dawn in the 1989 Broadway revival of Born Yesterday, for which she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play.

### 1990s

Kahn played the mother of Molly Ringwald's character in the 1990 film Betsy's Wedding, and shortly after she recorded a voice for the animated movie The Magic 7, which, as of 2024, has still not been released. In 1994, she portrayed suicide hotline worker Blanche Munchnik in the holiday farce Mixed Nuts. Kahn played the corrupt mayor in a benefit concert performance of Anyone Can Whistle in 1995. She appeared in Nixon as Martha Beall Mitchell (1995).
On stage, Kahn played Dr. Gorgeous in Wendy Wasserstein's 1993 Broadway play The Sisters Rosensweig, a role for which she earned a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. She was a member of the cast of Cosby (1996–1999) as Pauline, the eccentric friend and neighbor.
Kahn participated in a workshop reading of Dear World at the Roundabout Theatre Company in June 1998, reading the part of Gabrielle. She also voiced Gypsy the moth in A Bug's Life (1998).
Kahn received good reviews for her Chekhovian turn in the 1999 independent movie Judy Berlin, her final film. Before her death, she also voiced Mrs. Shapiro on the first two episodes of Little Bill, the second of which ("Just a Baby" / "The Campout") was dedicated to her memory. Kathy Najimy succeeded her in the role following Kahn's death.

## Illness and death

Kahn was diagnosed with ovarian cancer in September 1998. She underwent treatment, continued to work on Cosby, and married John Hansbury in October 1999. However, the disease spread rapidly, and she died on December 3, 1999, at age 57.
She was cremated on December 6, at Garden State Crematory in North Bergen, New Jersey. A bench dedicated to her memory was erected in Central Park by her husband John and her brother Jeffrey. The bench is located near the Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Reservoir on West 87th Street.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Roles | Notes |
| 1968 | The Dove | Sigrid | Short subject |
| 1972 | What's Up, Doc? | Eunice Burns | |
| 1973 | Paper Moon | Trixie Delight | |
| 1973 | From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler | Schoolteacher | |
| 1974 | Blazing Saddles | Lili Von Shtupp | |
| 1974 | Young Frankenstein | Elizabeth Benning | |
| 1975 | At Long Last Love | Kitty O'Kelly | |
| 1975 | The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother | Jenny Hill | |
| 1976 | Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood | Estie Del Ruth | |
| 1977 | High Anxiety | Victoria Brisbane | |
| 1978 | The Cheap Detective | Mrs. Montenegro | |
| 1979 | The Muppet Movie | El Sleezo Patron | |
| 1980 | Simon | Dr. Cynthia Mallory | |
| 1980 | Happy Birthday, Gemini | Bunny Weinberger | |
| 1980 | Wholly Moses! | The Witch | |
| 1980 | First Family | Mrs. Constance Link | |
| 1981 | History of the World, Part I | Empress Nympho | |
| 1982 | Slapstick of Another Kind | Eliza Swain / Lutetia Swain | |
| 1983 | Yellowbeard | Betty | |
| 1983 | Scrambled Feet | Madeline | |
| 1984 | City Heat | Caroline Howley | |
| 1985 | Clue | Mrs. White | |
| 1986 | My Little Pony: The Movie | Draggle | Voice |
| 1986 | An American Tail | Gussie Mausheimer | Voice |
| 1990 | Betsy's Wedding | Lola Hopper | |
| 1994 | Mixed Nuts | Mrs. Munchnik | |
| 1995 | Nixon | Martha Mitchell | |
| 1998 | A Bug's Life | Gypsy | Voice |
| 1999 | Judy Berlin | Alice Gold | |

### Television

| Year | Show | Role | Notes |
| 1972 | Harvey | Nurse Ruth Kelly | TV movie |
| 1973 | Adam's Rib | Doris | 2 episodes |
| 1975 | The Carol Burnett Show | Mavis Danton | Episode: #10.4 |
| 1976–1995 | Saturday Night Live | Host | 3 episodes |
| 1977 | The Muppet Show | Special Guest Star | Episode 209 |
| 1978–1997 | Sesame Street | Herself / various | 12 episodes |
| 1981 | Fridays | Host | Episode 35 |
| 1983–1984 | Oh Madeline | Madeline Wayne | 19 episodes |
| 1986 | Comedy Factory CTV | Violet Kinsey | Episode 6: "Chameleon" |
| 1987–1988 | Mr. President | Lois Gullickson | 14 episodes |
| 1988 | Sesame Street, Special | Herself | TV special |
| 1991 | Road to Avonlea | Pigeon Plumtree | Episode: "It's Just a Stage" |
| 1992 | Lucky Luke | Esperanza | Season 1, episode 1 |
| 1992 | For Richer, for Poorer | Billie | TV movie |
| 1993 | Monkey House | Grace Anderson | Episode: "More Stately Mansions" |
| 1993 | Dr. Seuss Video Classics: Dr. Seuss's Sleep Book | Narrator | VHS special |
| 1995 | New York News | Nan Chase | 13 episodes |
| 1996 | Ivana Trump's For Love Alone | Sabrina | TV movie |
| 1996 | London Suite | Sharon Semple | TV movie |
| 1996–1999 | Cosby | Pauline Fox | 84 episodes |
| 1999 | Little Bill | Mrs. Shapiro (voice) | Ep: "Just a Baby/The Campout" |

## Theater

| Year | Production | Role | Venue |
| 1965 | Kiss Me, Kate | Chorister | Concert, Off-Broadway |
| 1965 | Just for Openers | Performer | Upstairs at the Downstairs, Off-Broadway |
| 1966 | Mixed Doubles | Performer | Upstairs at the Downstairs, Off-Broadway |
| 1966 | Below the Belt | Performer | Upstairs at the Downstairs, Off-Broadway |
| 1967 | How Now, Dow Jones | Performer (replacement) | Lunt-Fontaine Theatre, Broadway |
| 1968 | Candide | Cunegonde | New York Concert, Off-Broadway |
| 1968 | New Faces of 1968 | Performer | Booth Theatre, Broadway |
| 1969 | Promenade | Servant | Promenade Theatre, Off-Broadway |
| 1970 | Two by Two | Goldie | Imperial Theatre, Broadway |
| 1973 | In the Boom Boom Room | Chrissy | Vivian Beaumont Theatre, Broadway |
| 1977 | She Loves Me | Amalia Balash | Town Hall Concert |
| 1978 | Marco Polo Sings a Solo | Dianna McBride | The Public Theatre, Off-Broadway |
| 1978 | On the Twentieth Century | Lily Garland | St. James Theatre, Broadway |
| 1983 | Blithe Spirit | Madame Arcati | Santa Fe Festival Theater |
| 1985 | What's Wrong with this Picture? | Shirley | Manhattan Theatre Club, Broadway |
| 1989 | Born Yesterday | Billie Dawn | 46th Street Theatre, Broadway |
| 1992 | Hello, Dolly! | Dolly | Limited Tour |
| 1992 | Sondheim: A Celebration at Carnegie Hall | Performer | Concert at Carnegie Hall |
| 1993 | The Sisters Rosensweig | Gorgeous Teitelbaum | Ethel Barrymore Theatre, Broadway |
| 1995 | Anyone Can Whistle | Cora | Concert at Carnegie Hall |
| 1998 | Dear World | Gabrielle | Roundabout Theatre Company Workshop |

## Awards and nominations

* Year given is year of ceremony
| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| 1973 | Golden Globe Award | New Star Actress of the Year | What's Up, Doc? | Nominated |
| 1974 | Golden Globe Award | Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture | Paper Moon | Nominated |
| 1974 | Academy Award | Best Supporting Actress | Paper Moon | Nominated |
| 1974 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Performance | In the Boom Boom Room | Won |
| 1974 | Tony Award | Best Actress in a Play | In the Boom Boom Room | Nominated |
| 1975 | Golden Globe Award | Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture | Young Frankenstein | Nominated |
| 1975 | Academy Award | Best Supporting Actress | Blazing Saddles | Nominated |
| 1978 | Tony Award | Best Actress in a Musical | On the Twentieth Century | Nominated |
| 1984 | Golden Globe Award | Best Actress - Television Musical or Comedy | Oh Madeline | Nominated |
| 1984 | People's Choice Award | Favorite Female Performer in a New TV Series | Oh Madeline | Won |
| 1987 | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming | ABC Afterschool Special: Wanted: The Perfect Guy | Won |
| 1989 | Tony Award | Best Actress in a Play | Born Yesterday | Nominated |
| 1993 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play | The Sisters Rosensweig | Won |
| 1993 | Tony Award | Best Actress in a Play | The Sisters Rosensweig | Won |
| Honorary awards ||||||
| 2003 | | American Theatre Hall of Fame | — | Inductee |