OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# People's Assembly of Abkhazia

The People's Assembly – Parliament of the Republic of Abkhazia (Abkhaz: Аԥсны Жәлар Реизара – Апарламент, romanized: Apsny Žwlar Reizara – Aparlament, Georgian: აფხაზეთის ე.წ რესპუბლიკის სახალხო კრება, romanized: apkhazetis e.ts' resp'ublik'is sakhalkho k'reba, Russian: Народное Собрание – Парламент Республики Абхазия, romanized: Narodnoye Sobraniye – Parlament Respubliki Abkhaziya) is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Abkhazia.

## Composition

The People's Assembly has 35 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies. On 30 July 2015, Parliament failed to support a constitutional amendment increasing the number of members to 45 and introducing a mixed electoral system. The proposal was supported by 19 Deputies, four short of the required two-thirds majority. (Five deputies voted against, 4 abstained.)

### Leadership

Valery Kvarchia is the current speaker of parliament. He was elected on 12 April 2017, succeeding Valery Bganba. There are currently three Vice-Speakers: Said Kharazia, Levon Galustyan, and Mikhail Sangulia.

### Committees

The People's Assembly currently contains the following eight committees:
* Legal Policy, State Building and Human Rights
* Budget, Credit Institutions, Tax and Finance
* Economic Policy, Reform and Innovation
* Defence and National Security
* Social Policy, Labour and Health
* Education, Science, Culture, Religion, Youth and Sport
* International and Inter-Parliamentary Relations and Relations with Compatriots
* Agrarian Policy, Natural Resources and Ecology
The number of committees had been eleven during the 4th convocation (from 2007 until 2012).

### List of current Members

| # | Constituency | Name | Position |
| 1 | Sukhumi | Givi Kvarchia | Vice Speaker |
| 2 | Sukhumi | Almas Japua | |
| 3 | Sukhumi | Valery Agrba | |
| 4 | Sukhumi | Batal Ayba | |
| 5 | Sukhumi | Lasha Ashuba | |
| 6 | Sukhumi | Raul Lolua | |
| 7 | Sukhumi | Alkhas Jinjolia | |
| 8 | Pitsunda | Akhra Abukhba | |
| 9 | Bzyb | Beslan Smyr | |
| 10 | Gagra | Yury Khagush | |
| 11 | Gagra | Astamur Arshba | |
| 12 | Gantiadi | Aleksandr Tsishba | |
| 13 | Otkhura | Levon Dashan | |
| 14 | Duripsh | Dmitry Dbar | |
| 15 | Lykhny | Dmitry Ardzinba | |
| 16 | Gudauta | Mikhail Sangulia | Vice Speaker |
| 17 | Aatsin | Leonid Chamagua | |
| 18 | New Athos | Aleksandr Ankvab | |
| 19 | Eshera | Dmitry Gunba | |
| 20 | Gumista | Natali Smyr | |
| 21 | Besleti | Almaskhan Ardzinba | |
| 22 | Pshap | Levon Galustyan | Vice Speaker |
| 23 | Machara | Valery Kvarchia | Speaker |
| 24 | Dranda | Ashot Minosyan | |
| 25 | Beslakhuba | Said Kharazia | Vice Speaker |
| 26 | Chlou | Ilya Gunia | |
| 27 | Kutoli | Venori Bebia | |
| 28 | Atara | Astamur Logua | |
| 29 | Ochamchira | Astamur Tarba | |
| 30 | Tkvarcheli | Batal Tabagua | |
| 31 | Tkvarcheli | Aslan Bzhania | |
| 32 | Uakum | Inal Tarba | |
| 33 | Chuburkhinji | Tayfun Ardzinba | |
| 34 | Gali | Omar Jinjolia | |
| 35 | Shashikvar | Kakha Pertaia | |

## Notable people

* Valeri Gurjua, member of the First Convocation of the People's Assembly (1992–1996).
# Eugen Merzbacher

Eugen Merzbacher (April 9, 1921 – June 6, 2013) was an American physicist.

## Life and career

Merzbacher was born in Berlin. Being a Jew, he emigrated in 1935 with his family from Germany to Turkey, where his father worked as a chemist. He received his licentiate from University of Istanbul in Turkey in 1943 and taught high school in Ankara for the next four years. In 1947, he moved to the United States to attend Harvard University, where he earned his M.A. (1948) and his Ph.D. with Julian Schwinger in 1950. During 1950/51, he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study. In 1951-52, Merzbacher was a visiting assistant professor at Duke University. In 1952, he joined the faculty of the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. In 1959/60, he worked at the Institute of Theoretical Physics in Copenhagen, where he became closely acquainted with Niels Bohr; in 1967/68 he was visiting professor at the University of Washington in Seattle. In 1977, he was the recipient of a U. S. Senior Scientist Humboldt Award at the University of Frankfurt. In 1986, he was a visiting research fellow at the Universities of Edinburgh and Stirling in Scotland. He was an active member of the American Physical Society (APS) and in 1990, he served as APS President. In 1991, he was Arnold Bernhard Visiting Professor at Williams College. In 1992, he received the Oersted Medal from the American Association of Physics Teachers. In 2009, Merzbacher was the recipient of the Francis Slack Award from the Southeastern Section of the American Physical Society.
Merzbacher's research was in applications of quantum mechanics to atomic and nuclear collision theory. He was a co-founder of the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. From 1977 to 1982 he served as chairman of the Department of Physics at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (UNC). He was named a Kenan Professor in 1969. He received UNC's 1972 Thomas Jefferson Award.
Merzbacher is probably best known for his influential graduate level quantum mechanics textbook, which has so far seen three editions, the most recent in 1998.

## Personal life

He married Ann Townsend Reid and together they had four children: Celia, Charles, Matthew and Mary (deceased). Merzbacher retired in 1991. In 1990, he was president of the American Physical Society. In 1993, UNC presented him with an honorary doctorate in science.

## Books

* Quantum Mechanics, John Wiley, 1961, 1970, 3rd edition (completely revised) 1998, ISBN 0-471-88702-1
# Tevita Finau

Tevita Tolu Finau (Born January 13, 1986) is a New Zealand-born former professional American football defensive linemen and current football coach. He played college football at the University of Utah. He was signed by the Arizona Cardinals as an undrafted free agent in 2012.
He was also a member of the Philadelphia Eagles, Dallas Cowboys, New York Jets, and Houston Texans.

## Early life

Born in Hamilton, New Zealand, to Tolu Halaapiapi and Finau Takinima, he has lived in New Zealand, Tonga, and in Hawaii. Finau attended three high schools in Hawaii: Lahainaluna High School as a freshman and sophomore, Maui High School his junior year, and Kahuku High & Intermediate School as a senior. He was a three-time first-team all-state honoree in basketball from 2002 to 2004. He helped Kahuku win the Hawaii State Football Championship in 2004.

## College career

Finau played two seasons of junior college football for Phoenix College before originally committing to play football at West Virginia University. The highly-touted recruit never made it to Morgantown however, and Finau eventually ended up enrolling at the University of Utah, where he appeared in 21 games in his two-year career for the Utes and finished with 72 tackles, 6 1/2 sacks, and 13 TFL's. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in Sociology from the University of Utah.

## Professional career
### Dallas Cowboys

Finau was signed to the Dallas Cowboys practice squad on November 14, 2012, after going undrafted and spending time in training camp with both the Arizona Cardinals and Philadelphia Eagles. Finau was released from the practice squad on November 27, 2012.

### New York Jets

Finau was signed to the New York Jets practice squad on December 5, 2012. He signed a future/reserve contract on December 31, 2013. He was released on August 31, 2014. He was signed to the team's practice squad a day later.

### Houston Texans

Finau was signed by the Houston Texans to a reserve futures contract on December 30, 2014. He was cut on September 6, 2015.

## Coaching career
### Orem High School

Finau served as a football coach at Orem High School in Orem, Utah, for five seasons from 2015 to 2019, including four years as co-defensive coordinator.

### University of Utah

Finau served as a graduate assistant in 2021 and a defensive administrative assistant in 2022. Those teams won back-to-back Pac-12 titles and made two consecutive Rose Bowl appearances against Ohio State and Penn State, respectively.

### Utah State University

Finau was hired as the defensive line coach at Utah State in 2023. The Aggies had a 6–7 record and finished the year playing in the Idaho Potato Bowl against Georgia State.

### Bill Walsh Diversity Coaching Fellowship

2022 Spent the off-season with the 2022 Super Bowl Champions. Los Angeles Rams.
# Stanča, Slovakia

Stanča (Hungarian: Isztáncs) is a village and municipality in the Trebišov District in the Košice Region of south-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1290.

## Geography

The village lies at an altitude of 127 metres and covers an area of 5.497 km$^2$. It has a population of about 440 people.

## Ethnicity

The village is about 96% Slovak.

## Facilities

The village has a public library and a football pitch.
# Biker metal

Biker metal (also known as biker punk) is a fusion genre that combines elements of punk rock, heavy metal, rock and roll and blues, that was pioneered in the late-1970s to early-1980s in England and the United States, by Motörhead, Plasmatics, Anti-Nowhere League and Girlschool.

## Characteristics

Biker metal has been described as being influenced by punk rock, rock and roll, heavy metal and blues. Sleazegrinder, a writer at Classic Rock, described biker metal as "glam metal gone Mad Max".
Biker metal is characterized by its mid-tempo approach to metal, its "gritty and American" sound, and its alignment with biker culture as a whole. The genre has been contrasted with slower and more operatic forms of metal, such as Judas Priest's work in the early 2000s. Similarly, biker metal eschews the speed and virtuosity that rose to prominence in the 1980s.
Bands such as Black Moth, Orange Goblin, The Obsessed, Earthride and Black Label Society have been described as fusing the style with doom metal, whereas Clutch have been described as merging elements of biker metal and Southern rock into their stoner rock sound. Black Sabbath's song "Paranoid" has been considered a classic of the genre.
Biker metal has proven influential to genres ranging from speed metal to hardcore punk and crust punk, and was integral to the development of extreme metal. Giuseppe Sbrana of Botswanan heavy metal band Skinflint has stated that biker metal bands were heavily influential on the aesthetic of African heavy metal bands.

## Terminology

The association with biker culture has been present for most of heavy metal and punk rock's lifetime: Thin Lizzy were photographed frequently with motorcycles stretching as far back as 1973; Joan Jett appeared on the cover of Outlaw Biker Magazine; Judas Priest used a biker image beginning in the mid-1970s, however also borrowed heavily from sadomasochism; and the common dressing style of metalheads is closely tied to those in biker gangs. Spin hails Motörhead frontman Lemmy as the first to bring motorcycle culture into punk rock and heavy metal, likely through the influence of earlier rock bands such as Steppenwolf, Lynyrd Skynyrd and Grateful Dead. An early use of the term "heavy metal" was even present in Steppenwolf's 1968 song "Born to Be Wild", in reference to a motorcycle.
# Naomi Williams (footballer)

Naomi Eloise Williams (born 24 October 2004) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Women's Super League club Arsenal.

## Early career

Williams joined the Arsenal Academy aged 13, signing for the club as an academy player. She was formerly a ballgirl at Meadow Park, the ground where Arsenal previously played their home matches. Prior to joining the first team, she featured in 13 matches in the Acadaemy League for Arsenal.

## Club career

On 23 June 2023, having "grown up" at the club, Williams signed her first professional contract with Arsenal aged 18, having trained with the first team since 16 years old.
On 24 May 2024, Williams made her debut for Arsenal in an A-Leagues All Stars Women game at Marvel Stadium in Melbourne, Australia. Williams was credited with making a pair of impressive saves, including denying Hannah Wilkinson a late equaliser with a finger tip save in extra time. Arsenal won the match 1–0 with manager Jonas Eidevall attributing the victory to Alessia Russo's goal and Williams' save. The Sydney Morning Herald has described her as "a highly rated Arsenal youth product".

## Honours

* FA League Cup: 2022–2023, 2023–2024
* A-Leagues All Stars Women: 2024
# Truth window

A truth window (or truth wall) is an opening in a wall surface, created to reveal the layers or components within the wall. In a strawbale house, a truth window is often used to show the walls are actually made from straw bales. A small section of a wall is left unplastered on the interior, and a frame is used to create a window which shows only straw, which makes up the inside of the wall.
Many designs exist for truth windows. Glass may be placed over the window, or an openable wooden panel, or it may be a simple framed opening.
The possible vulnerability of a truth window to moisture intrusion is sometimes raised as a concern.
# Ralf Keidel

Ralf Keidel (born 6 March 1977) is a German football coach and former player. He works as assistant manager for FC Ingolstadt 04 II.

## Career

Keidel made his debut on the German professional league level in the Bundesliga for MSV Duisburg on 31 March 2000 when he came on as a substitute in the 88th minute in a game against SSV Ulm 1846.
# William Grundy (footballer, born 1914)

William Grundy (1914 – after 1935) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Coventry City and Mansfield Town.
# Carol King (actress)

Carol King (born 24 July 1963) is a Nigerian actress, thespian and presenter best known for her role as "Jumoke" in the TV series Everyday People. Known for her "motherly role" in TV dramas, Carol has featured in several soap operas and movies including The Gods Are Still Not To Blame and Dazzling Mirage, a 2014 drama film directed by Tunde Kelani.

## Early life and education

Born in Lagos, in then Western Nigeria to Edo-born parents, Carol attended St. Soweto Primary School Lagos where she completed her basic education and Awori Anglican Comprehensive High School Lagos where she completed her secondary school education. She proceeded to obtain a Diploma in Insurance at Ahmadu Bello University before being awarded a bachelor's degree in Christian Religious Studies at Lagos State University.

## Personal life

Caroline King currently resides in Lagos State and is married to Captain Kolawole King, with whom she has two children. This is after her failed first marriage with Nsolo, with whom she has one child. On 3 November 2015, speaking with Motherhood In-Style Magazine, she unveiled the names of her children, as follows: “My first son is Ikem, Ikemefuna Nsolo, he’s 30. My second son is Abdulqudus King, we call him Qudus, he’s 22. My daughter, Sola King, her full names are Oluwasoladegbin King is 13.”

## Career

Carol's acting career began after she attended an audition for a radio drama titled I Need To Know before she went on to become a household name after her role in the TV series Everyday People. She has starred in several stage plays, dramas, and movies including Dazzling Mirage, Pasito Dehinde, and The Gods Are Still Not To Blame. In recognition for her role in the advancement of the film industry, Carol was awarded with "African Youth Role Model Award" in 2009.

## Selected filmography
### TV series

* I Need To Know
* Everyday People
* Tinsel
* Edge of Paradise (2006) as Asabe
* Tales of Eve: A Step Too Far (2012) as Miriam
* Blaze of Glory
* Eko Law
* Emerald
* Skinny Girl In Transit
* Far From Home (2022) as Principal Gemade
* Wura

### Stage drama

* V-Monologues
* Ajayi Crowther
* Five Maidens of Fadaka
* Prison Chronicles
* The Wives

### Films

* Pasito Dehinde
* Dazzling Mirage (2014) as Lola
* For Colored Girls
* The Gods Are Still Not To Blame
* Journey To Self (2012) as Stella
* North East (2016) as Ifeoma Okafor
* A Naija Christmas (2021) as Deaconess Fakorede
* Kofa (2022) as Mrs. Brillo
* Ada Omo Daddy (2023) as Mrs. Ekpeyong
# PMC (TV channel)

PMC (shortened from Persian Media Corporation or Persian Music Channel or Persian Media Channel ) is a free-to-air satellite TV network owned by Persian Media Corporation with its headquarters in Luzern, Switzerland (formerly in Dubai Media City). It was launched in 2003. The network is devoted to Persian music videos from ex-pat Iranian singers, as well as Iranian singers based in Iran.
Arabic, Kurdish and Turkish hit songs are also shown on the network.
The channel is also widely viewed in Iran, Europe, Middle East, Central Asia and Northern Africa via free-to-air satellite.
In March 2017 the broadcasting via Hotbird was discontinued. In April 2017 PMC started a new broadcasting frequency via Astra. In December 2017 the channel returned to Hotbird. After the channel was only available on Yahsat for a while, it changed to Hotbird, Eutelsat 7A and Eutelsat 7B.
# Foster Home/Sylvan Plantation

The Foster Home, also known as Cedar Hill or Sylvan Plantation, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Built as the main residence and headquarters of a large slave-labor cotton farm, the main house is an east-facing two-story weatherboarded house, constructed of heart pine upon a brick pier foundation. Erected around 1825, it is an I-house with a one-story, two-room ell at the south rear.
It is located off US 11 south of Tuscaloosa.
The listing also includes a family cemetery as a contributing site, about 50 yards (46 m) west of the house. Enclosed by a cast-iron fence, it contains graves of Robert Savidge Foster, his wife Ann Tompkins Foster, and those of several children and other family members. It has the grave of Wade Foster, a co-founder in 1856 of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity at the University of Alabama.
# William Higgins (rugby league)

William Higgins was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s. He played at representative level for Welsh League XIII, and at club level for Ebbw Vale and Hull FC, as a wing or centre.

## International honours

William Higgins represented Welsh League XIII while at Merthyr Tydfil in the 14-13 victory over Australia at Penydarren Park, Merthyr Tydfil on Tuesday 19 January 1909.
# Miria (singer)

Miria is a Los Angeles-based singer-songwriter. She is also one of the co-producers and directors of the Los Angeles Women's Music Festival.

## Overview

Los Angeles based singer-songwriter Miria has released the album, Under the Surface and several singles. Her song Break Your Heart, from her album, won second place in the DBSA Facing Us 2008 Song Contest, Her song, Lullabye of Mars, won second place at the 2004 Mars Society Roget de Lisle song contest.
In 2007 Miria and Gayle Day, with Gilli Moon's Warrior Girl Music, co-produced the Los Angeles Women's Music Festival, the first festival of its kind in the Los Angeles area.

## Trivia

In addition to being a singer-songwriter, Miria is also a UI/UX Designer and former employee of the Free Software Foundation. She also performed at the Car Talk anniversary show as a member of the Museum School Cheerleaders.
# Mimpi

Mimpi (meaning Dream) is a compilation album by Indonesian singer Anggun, featuring the two hit singles "Mimpi" and "Bayang Bayang Ilusi". The album was released in 1989 under label Atlantic Records Indonesia. The song "Mimpi" eventually got placed at number 47 on Rolling Stone Indonesia's "The 150 Greatest Indonesian Songs of All Time" list. Mimpi has sold approximately 1 million copies in Indonesia.

## Album information

The album is not a solo album of Anggun, but a compilation album of Indonesian rockers such as Gito Rollies, Deddy Stanzah, and Euis Darliah. Two of Anggun's songs appear on the album: "Mimpi" and "Bayang Bayang Ilusi". Both singles were written by Teddy Sudjaja and Pamungkas NM. The first single, "Mimpi" became a big hit in Indonesia at the time and was followed by the second single, "Bayang Bayang Ilusi". Due to the success of the album, Anggun also became known as a "single/compilation singer", that often released an album with a mere one or two singles on it.

## Re-released

Sixteen years after the release of "Mimpi" and "Bayang Bayang Ilusi", Anggun re-released the songs along with Takut on her Best Of album in 2006 under Sony BMG in Indonesia and Malaysia. The songs were re-recorded in the new version with arrangement by Andy Ayunir and orchestra group Saunine. "Mimpi" was chosen again as its lead single off the album and became a hit again for the second time.

## Track listing

* "Mimpi" - Anggun
* "Bayang Bayang Ilusi" - Anggun
* "Siapa Aku" - Deddy Stanzah
* "Suara Hati" - Gito Rollies
* "Tatap Dunia" - Deddy Dores
* "Api Telah Padam" - Gito Rollies
* "Aku Melangkah" - Andry Kasman
* "Citraku" - Euis Darliah
* "Sungguh Bosan" - Andry Kasman
* "Negosiasi" - Deddy Stanzah
# Ralf Schaffeld

Ralf Schaffeld (born 13 April 1959) is a retired German football midfielder.
# Fred Cooke (footballer)

Frederick Robert Cooke (5 July 1896 – 1976) was an English professional footballer who played as a forward for Sunderland.
# Muhammad Abbas Jafri

Syed Muhammad Abbas Jafri is a Pakistani politician who was a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from August 2018 to August 2023.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of Muttahida Qaumi Movement from Constituency PS-128 (Karachi Central-VI) in 2018 Pakistani general election.
# Reginald Skelton

Sir Reginald William Skelton KCB CBE DSO (3 June 1872 – 5 September 1956) was a British vice-admiral and engineer who served as chief engineer and official photographer of the 1901-1904 Discovery Expedition to Antarctica.

## Early life

Skelton was born at Long Sutton, Lincolnshire, and educated at Bromsgrove School, Worcestershire. He joined the Royal Navy in 1887 and until 1892 studied at the Royal Naval Engineering College at Keyham, Devon. Once commissioned he served on HMS Centurion in China from 1894 to 1897 and HMS Majestic of the Channel Squadron from 1899 to 1900 before being appointed to supervise the building of the Discovery for the 1901 National Antarctic Expedition.

## Polar exploration

Scott, the expedition leader, had been impressed with Skelton's engineering abilities aboard the Majestic and so he was appointed Chief Engineer of the expedition. He also acted as expedition photographer. Nicknamed 'Skelly', there were no serious difficulties with any of the machinery under Skelton's care throughout the three-year expedition. Once established on the continent he became a well-respected member of the team (Huxley 1978), eventually having four features named after him: an inlet, a glacier, an icefall and a lévé.
On his return he married his fiancée, the New Zealander Sybil Devenish-Meares of Christchurch: they had two daughters and a son.

## Later life

From 1906 to 1912 and again between 1916 and 1918, Skelton served in the submarine service. He hoped to be Scott's second-in-command for the Terra Nova Expedition of 1910-1913 but was overlooked in favour of Edward Evans who had been planning his own expedition to Antarctica but agreed to join Scott's expedition provided he was offered the position of second-in-command. During the First World War Skelton was awarded the DSO for his actions at the Battle of Jutland, 31 May 1916. Appointed CB in 1919 for his work in North Russia, he continued to rise through the service after the War, being posted to Archangel, Constantinople, to the Mediterranean Station and to the Atlantic Station. He became Engineer Rear-Admiral in 1923, Engineer Vice-Admiral in 1928 and Engineer-in-Chief of the Fleet, Admiralty, 1928–32. He was knighted in the 1931 New Year Honours. and retired in 1932.
He died in 1956, aged 84, at his home in Aldingbourne.

## Legacy

Skelton was portrayed by Cliff Burnett in the 1985 Central Television serial The Last Place on Earth.