OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ife-Modakeke conflict

The Ife-Modakeke Conflict was a series of recurrent interethnic tribal wars between the people of Ife and Modakeke communities. It has been described as one of the oldest interethnic conflicts in Nigerian history with the first reported clashes occurred between 1835 and 1849 while the last reported clash was in the year 2000 when the then president, Olusegun Obasanjo set up the Olabode George-led committee to look into the conflict.

## Background

Ife is regarded by Yoruba people as the land of their origin therefore, the Ife people considered themselves landowners while the Modakeke people were thought of as tenants and vassals because the Modakeke people had fled to Ife following the fall of the old Oyo Empire during the 19th century. This served as a basis for the tribal wars. The identified immediate causes include cultural differences, politics and the economy relating to land disputes, creation and location of Local Government Area (LGA) headquarters.
In the last recorded conflict, the Modakeke people had demanded for a local government of their own which lead to the creation of Ife East Local Government Area by the then military Head of state , General Sani Abacha in 1997. The new local government area had been carved out of Ife North and Ife Central Local Government Areas. In turn, the people of Ife wanted the new headquarters of the newly created Local Government Area to be in a place predominantly occupied by Ife indigenes much to the chagrin of Modakeke people. The headquarters was then moved to Oke-Ogbo in spite of initial indications that it was going to be in the Modakeke region of Oke. D.O. The Modakekes revolted resulting in a full blown war that led to the destruction of property and loss of hundreds of lives. This lasted till year 2000 when an Olabode George-led committee was set up by President Olusegun Obasanjo.

## Aftermath

An interview conducted by Premium Times found that the relative peace had lasted and the indigenes however noted that minor disputes occur but they do not become heightened due to the interventions of the traditional rulers; the Ooni of Ife and Ogunsua of Modakeke. Tolerance has been identified as the underlying factor for the peaceful resolution since the year 2000. Intermarriages between the groups have also occurred and is believed to be a factor to ensure lasting peace.
# Lazuline sabrewing

The lazuline sabrewing (Campylopterus falcatus) is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The lazuline sabrewing is monotypic.

## Description

The lazuline sabrewing is about 11.5 to 13 cm (4.5 to 5.1 in) long and weighs 6.4 to 8 g (0.23 to 0.28 oz). Both sexes have a black decurved bill and a white spot behind the eye. Males' upperparts are glittering green that is bluer on the crown. Their throat and breast are glittering dark violet-blue that becomes glittering blue towards the green belly. Their tail is chestnut with wide bronze-green tips on the central pair of feathers. Females' upperparts are like the male's. They have a glittering bluish throat and the rest of their underparts are pale gray with green spots on the flanks. Their tail is like the male's except there is less green at the tips of the central feathers.

## Distribution and habitat

The lazuline sabrewing is found in the mountains of north-central and western Venezuela, the Sierra de Perijá on the Venezuela-Colombia border, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Eastern Andes of Colombia, and into Ecuador as far south as Napo Province. It inhabits semi-deciduous montane forest, the edges of plantations, the lower reaches of páramo, and gardens. In elevation it generally ranges between 900 and 3,000 m (3,000 and 9,800 ft). In Venezuela it is most common between 1,200 and 2,300 m (3,900 and 7,500 ft) and has been recorded as low as 450 m (1,500 ft) in Colombia.

## Behavior
### Movement

The lazuline sabrewing is believed to be sedentary.

### Feeding

The lazuline sabrewing forages for nectar mostly from the understory to the forest's mid level, usually by trap-lining but sometimes also defending patches of flowers. In addition to nectar, it also feeds on insects captured in the air or gleaned from vegetation.

### Breeding

The lazuline sabrewing's breeding season in the Sierra de Perijá appears to include June and in northern Venezuela probably includes October. Nothing else is known about its breeding phenology.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to lazuline sabrewing on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The male lazuline sabrewing sings "chik, it, chik, it splek, chat, seet, chik, seet, chik, it, chik, it..., etc., with many variations", usually from a somewhat exposed perch at medium height.

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the lazuline sabrewing as being of Least Concern, though its population size and trend are unknown. No immediate threats have been identified. In the northern Andes it is considered uncommon and patchily distributed. It is somewhat sensitive to habitat changes, but "readily accepts man-made habitats like flowering gardens and plantations" and occurs in many protected areas.
# Nasir Khamees

Nasser Khamees Mubarak (Arabic: نَاصِر خَمِيس مُبَارَك) (born 2 August 1965) is a UAE football (soccer) player who played as a midfielder for the UAE national football team and Al Wasl FC Club in Dubai. He is considered one of the best midfielders played for the UAE national team ever. Fast, quite a good dribbler, and a goal scorer when needed.
Khamees played for the UAE at the 1990 FIFA World Cup finals in Italy.
# Fencing at the 2006 Asian Games – Men's team foil

The men's team foil competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha was held on 12 December at the Al-Arabi Indoor Hall.

## Schedule

All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Tuesday, 12 December 2006 | 11:10 | Round of 16 |
| Tuesday, 12 December 2006 | 12:35 | Quarterfinals |
| Tuesday, 12 December 2006 | 14:00 | Semifinals |
| Tuesday, 12 December 2006 | 19:00 | Gold medal match |

## Seeding

The teams were seeded taking into account the results achieved by competitors representing each team in the individual event.
| Rank | Team | Fencer | Fencer | Total |
| Rank | Team | 1 | 2 | Total |
| 1 | China (CHN) | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2 | Japan (JPN) | 1 | 6 | 7 |
| 3 | South Korea (KOR) | 2 | 8 | 10 |
| 4 | Iran (IRI) | 7 | 14 | 21 |
| 5 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| 6 | Uzbekistan (UZB) | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 7 | Philippines (PHI) | 11 | 19 | 30 |
| 8 | Qatar (QAT) | 9 | 23 | 32 |
| 9 | Kuwait (KUW) | 15 | 20 | 35 |
| 10 | Iraq (IRQ) | 22 | 25 | 47 |

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Gold medal match | Gold medal match | Gold medal match |
| | | | 1 | China | 45 | | | | | | |
| 9 | Kuwait | 45 | 9 | Kuwait | 16 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Qatar | 29 | | | | 1 | China | 45 | | | |
| | | | | | | 5 | Hong Kong | 28 | | | |
| | | | 5 | Hong Kong | 45 | | | | | | |
| | | | 4 | Iran | 30 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 1 | China | 34 |
| | | | | | | | | | 3 | South Korea | 29 |
| | | | 3 | South Korea | 45 | | | | | | |
| | | | 6 | Uzbekistan | 34 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3 | South Korea | 45 | | | |
| 7 | Philippines | 45 | | | | 2 | Japan | 40 | | | |
| 10 | Iraq | 41 | 7 | Philippines | 23 | | | | | | |
| | | | 2 | Japan | 45 | | | | | | |

## Final standing

| Rank | Team |
| | China (CHN) Lei Sheng Wu Hanxiong Zhang Liangliang Zhu Jun |
| | South Korea (KOR) Cha Hyung-woo Choi Byung-chul Ha Chang-duk Lee Cheon-woong |
| | Hong Kong (HKG) Cheung Kai Tung Lau Kwok Kin Kevin Ngan Wong Kam Kau |
| | Japan (JPN) Kenta Chida Yusuke Fukuda Yuki Ota |
| 5 | Iran (IRI) Siamak Feiz-Askari Javad Rezaei Mohammad Rezaei Hamed Sayyad Ghanbari |
| 6 | Uzbekistan (UZB) Iskander Bashirov Rustam Dostmuhamedov Ruslan Kudayev |
| 7 | Philippines (PHI) Rolando Canlas Ramil Endriano Emerson Segui |
| 8 | Kuwait (KUW) Imad Abdulkarim Ahmad Al-Daikan Ali Khasrouh Abdullah Najem |
| 9 | Qatar (QAT) Khalid Al-Hammadi Abdullah Ebrahimi Hamad Saad Salem Amir Shabakehsaz |
| 10 | Iraq (IRQ) Ahmed Kadhim Haidar Mohammed Ali Salih Saad Salih |
# How's My Ex Treating You

"How's My Ex Treating You" is a song written by Vic McAlpin and originally recorded by Jerry Lee Lewis, who released it as a single, with "Sweet Little Sixteen" on the other side, in 1962 on Sun Records.
Hank Williams, Jr. released his version, sounding "very much like Lewis's without a flashy piano", in 1977 or early 1978.

## Background

The circumstances of writing this song as recalled by Vic McAlpin are described in the Roger M. Williams's book Sing a Sad Song: The Life of Hank Williams:
   [McAlpin] was sitting in Linebaugh's restaurant, a country music hangout in Nashville, when singer-composer Roger Miller walked in. After exchanging hellos, McAlpin asked jokingly, "How's my ex-girl friend treatin' you?" "About like she's treatin' you," Miller replied.
   "That really hit me," recalls McAlpin. "I jumped up, got a pencil, and wrote eight lines of a song based on that on a napkin. Then I turned the napkin over and over and wrote eight more. Jerry Lee Lewis recorded it, and it sold over a hundred thousand."
# Gunnar Friedemann

Gunnar Friedemann (22 September 1909 in Tallinn – 2 February 1944) was an Estonian chess master.

## Biography

Friedemann played several times in Estonian championships at Tallinn. In 1932, he tied for 3rd-4th with Johannes Türn (4th EST–ch, Leho Laurine won). In 1933, he won the 5th EST–ch. In 1934, he took 3rd, behind Ilmar Raud and Paul Felix Schmidt, at the 6th EST–ch. In 1935, he took 2nd, behind Paul Keres, at the 7th EST–ch. In 1935, he lost a match against Keres at Tallinn (+1 –2 =0). In 1939, he took 3rd at the 10th EST–ch (Raud won).
Friedemann played for Estonia in Chess Olympiads:
* In 1935, on second board in the 6th Chess Olympiad in Warsaw (+6 –6 =7);
* In 1936, on third board in 3rd unofficial Olympiad in Munich (+9 –5 =6);
* In 1937, on reserve board in the 7th Chess Olympiad in Stockholm (+6 –2 =5);
* In 1939, on fourth board in the 8th Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+11 –3 =3).
Estonia won bronze medal being very consistent and firm team at Buenos Aires 1939. Keres (1st board) and Friedemann (4th board) contributed mostly to the success. Friedemann won gold individual medal.
During World War II, he twice played against Keres in team matches in 1940. He died in 1944 at the age of 34 while fighting for the German Army on the Eastern Front.
# Korinos

Korinos (Greek: Κορινός) is a town and a former municipality in Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Katerini, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 70.909 km$^2$, the community 30.726 km$^2$. Korinos has approximately 4,500 residents and it is located 5 km northeast of the city of Katerini (Κατερίνη), the capital of Pieria. The A1 motorway (Athens–Thessaloniki–Evzonoi) is situated to the west. Korinos is famous for its beaches -lying to its east- and hotels in the area, which make the village an ideal place for tourism.
Additionally, Korinos has a public library since 2006.
Korinos became famous in Greece, after an economic scandal (during 2000) concerning the distribution of building grounds from Korinos' municipality to the villagers.
In Fascist Italy, rumours that the people of Korinos had "supernatural faculties" were taken seriously by some Italian racial theorists, who believed the town's inhabitants had successfully predicted the Italo-Ethiopian War.

## Name

Although the word "Korinos" does not have any meaning in the Greek language and its origin is unknown, there are several different explanations for this name. According to one of them, Korinos was named after the many Korinia (Κορίνεια) trees existed in the area during its foundation (approximately 1900). The second explanation is that Korinos was named after a general. Finally, some people believe that the name originates from the word "καρίνα" (keel), because Korinos Beach was a constructing place for keels.

## Subdivisions

The municipal unit Korinos is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):
* Kato Agios Ioannis
* Korinos (Korinos, Paralia Korinou)
* Koukkos
* Nea Trapezounta
* Sevasti

## Historical population

| Year | Settlement population | Community population | Municipal unit population |
| 1981 | - | 3,185 | - |
| 1991 | 3,705 | - | 5,757 |
| 2001 | 4,054 | 4,097 | 6,611 |
| 2011 | 3,487 | 3,543 | 5,557 |
| 2021 | 3,115 | 3,153 | 4,488 |

## History

Korinos was liberated by the Greek Army and after the end of the Balkan Wars, it finally became a part of Greece after nearly five centuries of Ottoman Rule.

## Twinning cities

none
# Gunther Behnke

Gunther Behnke (born January 19, 1963) is a German former professional basketball player. The 7 ft 3 in (2.21 metres) center was on the team that won the 1993 FIBA European Championship.
Behnke began playing basketball as a teenager in Pulheim near Cologne. He was recruited by head coach Joe B. Hall to play for the University of Kentucky but became homesick and never appeared in a game for Kentucky. Behnke was drafted by the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 1985 NBA draft. He was selected as the last pick of the Minnesota Timberwolves in the 1989 NBA expansion draft. He never played in the NBA.
Behnke played for TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen from 1980 through 1992. In those eleven years the team won five German championships (1985, 1986, 1990, 1991 and 1992) and four National Cup championships (1986, 1987, 1990 and 1991). From 1992 through 1994 Behnke played for TuS Bramsche. From 1994 through 1996 he played for ALBA Berlin, which won the Korac Cup in 1995, becoming the first German team to win a European club championship. From 1996 through 2000 Behnke played for Telekom Baskets Bonn, with which he twice reached the final of the German championship, losing to his prior team, ALBA Berlin.
Between 1983 and 1995, Behnke made 146 appearances for the German national team, scoring 702 points. He participated in two World Championships and four European Championships and in 1992 competed in the Olympic Games.
In 2000, Behnke retired from basketball.
# Guru Thakur

Guru Thakur is an Indian poet, lyricist, scriptwriter, actor and playwright from Mumbai (Maharashtra), known for his contributions in Marathi and Hindi film industry.

## Early life

Born in Mumbai, Maharashtra, Guru started his career at the age of 19 as a political cartoonist at Marathi weekly Marmik.

## Career as Scriptwriter

Guru Thakur has written dialogues/scripts for movies, Aga bai Arrecha, Natarang, Bhikari and Narbachi Wadi.

## Awards and nominations

Guru Thakur has won many awards and honours including:
* 2022 शांताबाई शेळके स्मृती पुरस्कार 2022
* 2022 Aarti Prabhu award 2022
* 2021 Planet Marathi Filmfare award 2021 - Best Lyrics for the song 'Kona Mage Bhirbhirta' from the movie Preetam
* 2013 'Ma. Ta. Sanman Award' as Best Lyricist for the song 'Bagh Ughadun Daar' from the movie Bharatiya.
* 2010 'BIG FM' BIG Lyricist Award for Song Khel Mandla form Natarang
* 2010 'Zee Gaurav Award' as Best Lyricist for the song 'Khel Mandala' from the Movie Natarang.
* 2010 'Ma. Ta. Sanman Award' as Best Lyricist for the song 'Khel Mandala' from the movie Natarang.
* 2010 'Chitrapati V Shantaram Award' as Best Lyricist for the song 'Khel Mandala' from the movie Natarang.
* 2010 Saraswat Chaitanya Gaurav Puraskar.
* 2010 Nomination at 'Zee Gaurav Awards' for Best Lyricist for the song 'He Raje Ji Ra Ji' from the movie Me Shivajiraje Bhosale Boltoy.
* 2009 'Indradhanu Yuvonmesh Puraskar' for Song Witting.
* 2009 Nomination at 46th 'Maharashtra Rajya Chitrapat Puraskar
for Best Dialogue for the movie Marmabandh.
* 58th Maharashtra state film award for best lyrics for film baaplyok

## Work List
### Movies

* Aga Bai Arrecha (2004)
* Natrang (2010)
* Kshanbhar Vishranti (2010)
* Chandramukhi (2022)
* Maharashtra Shahir (2023)
* Phulrani (2023) as writer
* Songya (2023) as lyricist
* Panchak (2024)
# Juhan Kurvits

Juhan Kurvits (13 January 1895 – 28 March 1953) was an Estonian politician.
Kurvits was born on 13 January 1895. He was elected to the Estonian Provincial Assembly, which governed the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia between 1917 and 1919; he served the full term. He did not sit in the newly formed Republic of Estonia's Asutav Kogu (Constituent Assembly) or its Riigikogu (Parliament). He died in 1953 in Chicago in the United States.
# Hall Sapphire and Diamond Necklace

The Hall Sapphire and Diamond Necklace has 36 matched sapphires from Sri Lanka which total 195 carats. These sapphires are surrounded by 435 brilliant-cut diamonds that total 83.75 carats. The sapphires are cushion-cut, some of the diamonds are pear-shaped and the others are round cut. The setting is platinum.
It was designed by Harry Winston, Inc. It is currently on display at the National Museum of Natural History, part of the Smithsonian Institution, in Washington, D.C., alongside the Bismarck Sapphire Necklace and the Logan sapphire. It was donated to the Smithsonian by Mrs. Evelyn Annenberg Hall (c. 1912 – April 21, 2005) in 1979. She was the sister of Walter Annenberg, publisher, businessman, and philanthropist.
# Hard Dirt

"Hard Dirt" is a song recorded by Canadian country group Hunter Brothers. The song was written by Hunter Hayes, Steve Moakler and Eric Paslay, while Hayes produced the track. It was the lead single off their third studio album Been a Minute.

## Background

Ty Hunter of the Hunter Brothers described "Hard Dirt" as a "a song that speaks to the process of enduring struggle, but also knowing that hope exists on the other side of whatever circumstances you may be going through". The band dedicated the song to frontline workers and all those affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Critical reception

Dutch Bickell of Canadian Beats Media said the song "serves as a message of hope and signifies our collective ability to grow through challenges and adversity". Front Porch Music stated that the track "really grabs your heart strings right away and pulls you close," adding that it is "an emotional feel good song that doesn’t disappoint our ears".

## Music video

The official music video was for "Hard Dirt" premiered on July 16, 2020, and was directed by Sean K. Smith.

## Track listings

Digital download – single
* "Hard Dirt" – 2:57
Digital download – single
* "Hard Dirt" (string version) – 3:00

## Charts

"Hard Dirt" reached a peak of number 17 on the Billboard Canada Country chart dated October 10, 2020, becoming the group's seventh Top 20 hit.
| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 17 |
# Arts journalism

Arts journalism is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of the arts including, but not limited to, the visual arts, film, literature, music, theater, and architecture.
Traditionally, journalists and critics writing about the arts have backgrounds in writing and the arts; apart from baccalaureate studies in literary criticism, the humanities, and art history, there is no other formal advanced journalistic training in this field.
For instance, an art magazine is a publication with the main topic being art, and is contributed to by people from the practice of artmaking, curating, critical theory, or teaching, among other functions—whether they be institution-based, academy-based, or independent/self-taught. Such a magazine can be published in print, online, or both, and may be aimed at different audiences, including galleries, buyers, amateur or professional artists, and the general public. In short, art magazines can be either trade or consumer magazines, or both.
There are also radio and TV features covering art topics.

## History to present-day

Arts journalism has been one method of discussing and engaging the public with the arts for over a century. Journals such as L'artiste, created in 1831, provided perceptions on exhibits and patterns of contemporary art in the nineteenth century, as well as art criticism. All over the world, journalists have reported on dancing, architecture, fine arts, and crafting to bring culture and art to readers.
Today, arts journalism has an extended reach due to the impact of developing technology, such as social media. Some studies on arts journalism explore how technology has impacted the way the general public views art, an example being that performances are now videoed live and images can be instantly uploaded.
Articles have been published on the change in focus from various arts to others due to arts journalism. In a study regarding arts journalism in American, French, German, and Dutch newspapers from 1955 to 2005, researchers found increased content on pop culture and cultural advertising, especially in American newspapers.
Arts journalism is sometimes referred to as cultural journalism because art journalists often cover cultural events with artistic aspects and aesthetic influence. Their reports provide insight to the background of these events and often include reviews and reflections on exhibits.
Art and cultural journalists can publish issues which would otherwise never be present in the media, such as issues of creativity and aesthetics in Christian art, particularly since about 2000, when the landscape of arts journalism had been changing with fewer full-time critics, putting as a result a lens on issues (such as public and corporate funding or their lack) around art and culture.
# Frank Hadow

Patrick Francis "Frank" Hadow (2 January 1855 – 29 June 1946) was an English tennis player, who won the Wimbledon championship in 1878.

## Personal life

Born 2 January 1855 Regent's Park, his father was Patrick Douglas Hadow who was educated at Harrow School and Balliol College Oxford University and became Chairman of P&O.
Frank Hadow attended Harrow School along with six of his seven brothers who were known as the "Harrow Hadows". Hadow represented Harrow at rackets and the brothers were well known as distinguished cricketers. Hadow's oldest brother Douglas Robert Hadow died during the descent after the first ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865.

## Sporting career

He was the loftiest Wimbledon Champion. He played at Wimbledon whilst on holiday from his coffee plantation in Ceylon. He did not defend his title – and is therefore the only male champion never to have lost a set in singles there. He returned to Wimbledon nearly half a century later to collect a commemorative medal from Queen Mary for being the oldest surviving champion.
When asked if he would defend his title Hadow is reported to have said "No sir. It's a sissy's game played with a soft ball."
Hadow was also a distinguished big game hunter, hunting in Africa in the early years of the 20th century. He has listings in many categories of the 1928 Rowland Ward "Records of Big Game", including ranking trophies in the sable antelope, Cape buffalo, Uganda kob and eland categories.
As a cricketer, he also represented Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), Middlesex, the Orleans Club, the South and the Gentlemen of England as a right-handed batsman in seven first-class matches between 1883 and 1891. He also played cricket in Ceylon.
He died on 29 June 1946 in Bridgwater, Somerset.

## Creator of the lob

Hadow introduced the tennis technique of lobbing—sending the ball high and deep into the opponent's court—and used it to defeat the volleyer Spencer Gore in the 1878 (second) Wimbledon Men's Final, 7–5, 6–1, 9–7.

## Grand Slam tournaments
### Singles: 1 (1 title)

| Result | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1878 | Wimbledon | Grass | Spencer Gore | 7–5, 6–1, 9–7 |