OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Šupelka

Šupelka (Macedonian: шупелка, pronounced) is a Macedonian traditional woodwind instrument very similar to the kaval. It is mostly made of walnut, cornel, ash, or maple wood. The šupelka plays a chromatic scale (two octaves), with the exception of the first note of the lower octave. In the lower register, the šupelka gives a soft and pleasant sound, while the upper register tone is sharp and high-pitched.
The instrument represents a chromatic end-blown flute with openings on both sides of the cylindrical form. The upper opening serves for blowing (called ustinje or rez), with narrow sharp edges to tear the air and complete the sound. On its front side, the šupelka has six playing holes, although there are some šupelka's with seven playing holes. While playing the šupelka it is held with both hands, leaning to the left about 45 degrees towards the vertical. Its length varies between 240 and 350 mm. The tone is produced by blowing a hole with slimmed and rounded edges (ustinje), so that the mouth covers the hole for about three quarters. The musical repertoire of the instrument consists of improvising traditional melodies, as a background instrument in musical performances imitating the sounds of other instruments used in the Macedonian traditional music. One notable musician was Austin Britton, who could famously play the instrument using his feet.
Considered to be primarily a sheepherder's instrument, the šupelka is widespread in North Macedonia. The šupelka receives its name from the Macedonian word shupliv (Macedonian: шуплив), meaning hollow. It has also many similarities with the Arabic woodwind instruments gasba, used in Tunisia and Algeria.
# Chris Pavlou (banker)

Chris Pavlou (born May 30, 1945) is an International banker and a business executive. He was the Vice-Chairman of Cyprus Popular Bank. He was in this position since September 17, 2012. On 28 March 2013 he resigned as Vice Chairman of Laiki Bank (Cyprus Popular Bank) but in April 2015 until December 2016 was appointed by the Central Bank of Cyprus in its capacity as resolution authority as Special Administrator of the legacy entity of Laiki Bank.

## Banking career

Pavlou joined Barclays, London, in 1966 where he gradually moved up to the position of Deputy Chief Manager. He later spent five years in New York City as Senior Vice President running Barclays Foreign Exchange and Money Markets in North America.
In February 1987 he joined the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd. (HSBC) as Chief Treasury Manager responsible for all Treasury activities. Within five years the business was transformed into a market leader and profits increases tenfold.
In August 1992, he was appointed Treasurer of HSBC with responsibility for all treasury operations of Asia and Hang Seng Bank. He was a frequent visitor to the bank´s 20 treasury operations in Asia. By 1995, HSBC was recognized as the leading treasury Bank in Asia with the exception of Japan. In September 1995, he was posted to Tokyo as treasurer HSBC Midland in order to develop the Bank´s underperforming business there. Within three years the goals were achieved.
In 1998, he joined Laiki Bank (23% owned by HSBC) as a consultant and then as a member of its board.
In 2006, he joined TFI Markets, and under a successful three-year term he retired in October 2009. He remained as non-executive chairman until 2011.

## In the media

Chris Pavlou has been featured in BBC’s foreign exchange documentary Billion Dollar Day The currency trading documentary was created by the British Broadcasting Corporation on June, 4th 1985 and it features Pavlou as Head of Treasury at Barclays Bank in London. He has also been interviewed several times regarding the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis by Reuters, Cyprus Mail, Channel 4 and other media.

## Freedom of the City of London

He was awarded the famous Freedom of the City of London and thus enrolled in the usual ceremony in Guildhall, where he received a guide to conducting his life in an honourable fashion along with the sealed certificate.

## Affiliations

* Honorary member of the International Foreign Exchange Association
* Member of the Worshipful Company of International Bankers
* Non-Executive Director & member of the audit committee of National Bank of Greece
* Non-Executive Director & member of the audit committee of Temenos
* Non-Executive Director of Prosafe
# Desportivo Brasil

Desportivo Brasil Participações Ltda., commonly referred to as Desportivo Brasil, is a Brazilian professional association football club based in Porto Feliz, São Paulo. The team competes in the Campeonato Paulista Série A3, the third tier of the São Paulo state football league.

## History

Traffic Group founded Desportivo Brasil on November 19, 2005, and has managed the club since then. English club Manchester United announced a link-up with Desportivo Brasil on November 27, 2008, with a view to exchanging players to play in games and experience a different style of coaching.

## Stadium

Desportivo Brasil since 2010 play their home games at Estádio Municipal Alfredo Chiavegato, located in Jaguariúna. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 15,000 people. The club previously played their home games at Estádio Municipal Vila Porto, which has a maximum capacity of 5,000 people.
# Kaho Shimada

Kaho Shimada (島田 歌穂, Shimada Kaho, born September 19, 1963) is a Japanese singer and musical theater actress. Born and raised in Minato, Tokyo, she attended Tokyo Municipal Jonan High School. She is an assistant professor of drama at the Osaka University of Arts located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.
Her father, Takaho Shimada, was a musician who gave voice training to Isao Sasaki. Her mother is Reiko Tsukubane, a jazz singer.
Shimada debuted as an actress at the age of eleven in Ganbare!! Robocon (1974–1977) as Robin-chan.
She is best known for her role as Éponine in the Tokyo production of Les Misérables, which she portrayed in English on the album Les Misérables – The Complete Symphonic Recording. Shimada did not speak any English at all, and learned her entire role in English phonetically for the recording.
In 2013, she played the role of Catherine in the British musical Tomorrow Morning at Theatre Creation, Yūrakuchō, Chiyoda, Tokyo – the Japanese premiere of the award-winning internationally acclaimed show by Laurence Mark Wythe. Her performance was watched by British Queen Elizabeth II.
She is an adherent and a member of the fine arts department of Soka Gakkai, became in 1974.

## Theatre roles

* Cinderella (1982)
* Les Misérables – Eponine (Original Japanese Cast, 1987–2001, 2005, 2007, 2011)
* Annie Get Your Gun – Annie Oakley (1988)
* She Loves Me – Ilona Ritter (1988)
* Sweet Charity – Charity Hope (1992)
* And the World Goes 'Round (1998)
* The Rink (1998–2000)
* Fiddler on the Roof – Tzeitel (2001)
* Blood Brothers – Mrs. Johnstone (2003)
* West Side Story – Maria (2004)
* The Beggar's Opera – Lucy Lockit (2006–2008)
* The Light in the Piazza – Margaret Johnson (2007)
* Zorro – Inez (2011)
* Tomorrow Morning – Catherine (2013)
* Billy Elliot – Mrs. Wilkinson (2015–2017)
* Mary Poppins – Bird Woman and Miss Andrew (2018-2022)
* Violet – Old Lady/Hotel Hooker (2020)
* The Producers – Hold Me-Touch Me (2024)

## Film roles

* The Fall of Ako Castle (1978)
* Song of Kamuy (2023)
# Dope

Dope may refer to:

## Chemistry
### Biochemistry

* Dope, a slang word for a euphoria-producing drug, particularly:
** Cocaine
** Cannabis (drug)
** Heroin
** Opioid
* DOPE, or 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, a phospholipid
* Discrete optimized protein energy, a method of assessing homology models in protein structure prediction
* Dopamine, also colloquially called "dope", a neurotransmitter in the human brain that plays a key role in motivation, among other processes
* Dopant, an impurity added to a substance to alter its properties

### Industrial substances

* Aircraft dope, a substance painted onto fabric-covered aircraft to tauten the skin
* Dope, a technical expression for the solution of polymers from which fibers are spun; see Wet processing engineering
* Peg dope, a substance used to coat the bearing surfaces of the tuning pegs of string instruments
* Pipe dope, a sealant applied to pipe threads to ensure a leakproof and pressure-tight seal

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Films

* Dope (1924 film), a 1924 Australian silent film
* Dope (2015 film), a 2015 film starring Shameik Moore, Zoë Kravitz and A$AP Rocky

### Literature

* Dope (novel), a 1919 novel by Sax Rohmer
* DOPE (an acronym for Data on Personal Equipment, or Data on Previous Engagement), a book used with sniper equipment

### Music
#### Groups

* Dope (band), an industrial metal band from the U.S. city of Villa Park, Illinois
** Edsel Dope (born 1974), the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of the band Dope
* Dope D.O.D., a Dutch hip hop crew
* D.O.P.E., a Southern hip hop group; acronym for Destroying Other People's Egos

#### Songs

* "Dope" (Lady Gaga song), 2013
* "Dope" (Tyga song), 2013
* "Dope" (T.I. song), 2016
* "Dope" (GD & TOP song), 2016
* "She's Dope!", a 1990 song by Bell Biv DeVoe, originally titled "Dope!"
* "Dope", a song by BTS from the 2015 album The Most Beautiful Moment in Life, Pt. 1
* "Dope", a song by D'espairsRay from the 2010 album Monsters
* "Dope", a song by Fifth Harmony from the 2016 album 7/27
* "Dope!", a song by Royce da 5'9", featuring Loren W. Oden, from the 2016 album Layers
* "Dope", a song by Swedish singer Ängie, from the 2018 EP Suicidal Since 1995

### Television

* Dope (TV series), a 2017-2019 Netflix documentary series revolving around drugs

## Other

* DOPE (Dartmouth Oversimplified Programming Experiment), a simple programming language that was a precursor to BASIC
# Tom Tvedt

Tom Tvedt (born 31 January 1968) is a Norwegian politician and former handball player for the Labour Party.

## Political career

He became county mayor of Rogaland following the 2007 local elections. He held the position until 2011. Before this he was the mayor of Randaberg for eight years between 1999 and 2007. He also served as a deputy representative to the Storting, Norway's parliament, from Rogaland between 2005 and 2009.

## Civic career

In 2011 he was voted board member of the Norwegian Confederation of Sports, and in 2015 he was voted president. At the time he was the youngest person to hold the position. The start of his tenure was marked by the Oslo bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, which was ultimately withdrawn prior to the selection of Beijing as the host city. He ran for re-election in 2019, but was defeated by Berit Kjøll.
In March 2021, he was elected leader of the Norwegian Association for the Handicapped.

## Personal life

Tvedt is married to fellow politician Kjersti Stenseng. He has a son and a daughter from a previous relationship, both of whom were born blind.
Tvedt played as a handball player through the 1990s prior to becoming mayor of Randaberg. He notably played over the course of 23 national championships during his handball career.
# Ken Ticehurst

Kenneth Vincent Ticehurst (born 22 January 1945) is a former Australian politician, and was a member of the Australian House of Representatives from November 2001 to 2007, representing the Division of Dobell in New South Wales for the Liberal Party of Australia.

## Biography

Ticehurst has a qualification in electrical engineering. He worked as a manager in marketing and sales, technical and manufacturing and as a managing director before entering politics. Commenced Kattron, a trading name for his real time Lightning Tracking service, in 1990. Produced first commercial lightning data service in Australia in December 1991. Formed a partnership with WeatherBug of USA to install and operate 21st Century Lightning Tracking equipment.

## Electoral career

At the 2001 federal election, Ticehurst was preselected and contested the marginal seat of Dobell held by the Labor Party since its creation in 1984. Ticehurst won the seat with a slim majority of 560 votes, defeating Labor frontbencher Michael Lee.
At the 2004 election, Ticehurst improved his margin, winning by 8904 votes two party preferred. At the 2007 election, Ticehurst campaigned as time permitted, due to the ailing health of wife Trisha, who was in the later stages of aggressive cancer. He was defeated by Labor Party candidate Craig Thomson. His wife died shortly after his electoral defeat.

## Parliamentary career

* Standing Committees (REPS)
** Communications, Information Technology and the Arts
** Environment and Heritage
** Family and Human Services
* Government Backbench Policy
** Health and Ageing (Chairperson)
** Communications, Information Technology and the Arts
** Education, Science & Training
** Environment and Water Resources
** Transport, Regional Services, Territories and Local Government
** Employment, Workplace Relations & Workforce Participation
# Melling, New Zealand

Melling is a suburb of Lower Hutt, to the north of Wellington in the North Island of New Zealand. It is on the west bank of the Hutt River, on State Highway 2, the Wellington-Hutt main road, and directly across the river from the centre of Lower Hutt. It is also the name of the three-lane bridge connecting the Hutt City central business district with State Highway 2, a route subject to extensive congestion at peak times. From the Melling Bridge it is possible to drive straight ahead into the hill suburbs of Harbour View and Tirohanga.
Improved interchanges are planned for the Melling and Kennedy-Good bridges.

## History

Melling was named after William Melling, a former Lancashire mentor of Richard Seddon in the foundry where he worked prior to leaving for New Zealand. Seddon and Melling remained in touch, with gifts of New Zealand lamb being sent to Melling at his home in St Helens at Christmas time. The name came about after then-Premier Seddon revisited England and his friend Melling in 1897. Melling had never visited New Zealand, and the local settlers intended to change the name to one of greater significance.
The original Melling railway station opened on 26 May 1908, while the Melling bridge opened in 1909.

## Melling Line

The Melling Railway Station is the terminus of the Melling Line which provides a suburban commuter service to Wellington. This line was originally part of the Hutt Valley Line through to Upper Hutt and the Wairarapa, but became a separate (electrified) branch line on 1 March 1954, when the section north of Melling to Haywards (now Manor Park) was closed and replaced by a new double-tracked line on the eastern side of the Hutt River (the old Melling-Haywards section could not be double-tracked).

## Demographics

Melling is included in the Alicetown-Melling statistical area.
# Oskar Magnusson

Oskar Magnusson is a Swedish professional ice hockey forward who plays for AIK in HockeyAllsvenskan. He was drafted by the Washington Capitals in the 7th round of the 2020 NHL Entry Draft with the 211th overall pick.

## Career statistics
### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2022 | Sweden | WJC | | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
# Cyclohedron

In geometry, the cyclohedron is a d-dimensional polytope where d can be any non-negative integer. It was first introduced as a combinatorial object by Raoul Bott and Clifford Taubes and, for this reason, it is also sometimes called the Bott–Taubes polytope. It was later constructed as a polytope by Martin Markl and by Rodica Simion. Rodica Simion describes this polytope as an associahedron of type B.
The cyclohedron appears in the study of knot invariants.

## Construction

Cyclohedra belong to several larger families of polytopes, each providing a general construction. For instance, the cyclohedron belongs to the generalized associahedra that arise from cluster algebra, and to the graph-associahedra, a family of polytopes each corresponding to a graph. In the latter family, the graph corresponding to the $d$-dimensional cyclohedron is a cycle on $d+1$ vertices.
In topological terms, the configuration space of $d+1$ distinct points on the circle $S^{1}$ is a $(d+1)$-dimensional manifold, which can be compactified into a manifold with corners by allowing the points to approach each other. This compactification can be factored as $S^{1}\times W_{d+1}$, where $W_{d+1}$ is the $d$-dimensional cyclohedron.
Just as the associahedron, the cyclohedron can be recovered by removing some of the facets of the permutohedron.

## Properties

The graph made up of the vertices and edges of the $d$-dimensional cyclohedron is the flip graph of the centrally symmetric partial triangulations of a convex polygon with $2d+2$ vertices. When $d$ goes to infinity, the asymptotic behavior of the diameter $\Delta$ of that graph is given by
    $\lim _{d\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {\Delta }{d}}={\frac {5}{2}}$.
# Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia

Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia (Russian: Алексей Михайлович) (28 December 1875 – 2 March 1895) was the sixth son and youngest child of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and a first cousin of Alexander III of Russia. He was destined to follow a career in the Russian Navy, but he died in his youth of tuberculosis.

## Life

Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia was born in Tiflis on 28 December 1875, the sixth son and last child of the seven children of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and his wife Grand Duchess Olga Feodorovna, born Princess Cecile of Baden. He was the cadet member of the Mikhailovichi branch of the Romanov family and the only Grand Duke to bear the name and patronymic of a Tsar: Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia.
Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia spent his early childhood in Georgia while his father was the Governor-General of Russian provinces of Transcaucasia. Alexei was seven years old in 1882 when his father was named as President of the Council of the Empire and the whole family moved to St. Petersburg. At the age of eight, he attended a ceremony in the winter Palace and was interested in seeing all the foreign uniforms, particularly the one from the oriental envoys. As all the male members of the Romanov family, Alexei was destined to follow a military career. He received a Spartan upbringing that included sleeping in army cots and taking cold baths and was educated at home by private tutors. His father, occupied in military and governmental endeavors, remained a distant figure. His mother was a strict disciplinarian and the dominating force in the family. Alexei was brought up strictly and was overwhelmed by his older brothers. He yearned the company of children of his own age and frequently played with Emperor Alexander III’s youngest children, Michael and Olga.
A brilliant boy of liberal heart and absolute sincerity, according to his brother Alexander, Alexei was intelligent and lively. At the age of eighteen, he was a tall; thin, good looking young man, always dressed in his uniform. He had almost completed his naval officer’s training when he came down with what appeared to be a chill but was really tuberculosis. His health had never been good. His cousin, Kiril would later say that Alexei’s father refused to let him recuperate, insisting that it was his duty to finish his training. Alexei’s condition became so severe that he was sent to San Remo, where he died on 2 March 1895. He was nineteen years old. “The first time he wore his midshipman’s uniform”, Kiril wrote, “was in his coffin.” His brother Alexander who wrote in his book of memoirs that he felt closer to Alexei than to any other member of his family, said that he did not regret his passing, because Alexei suffered acutely in the oppressive atmosphere of the palace and his early death perhaps spared him a worse fate.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia :
# Rusty sparrow

The rusty sparrow (Aimophila rufescens) is a species of bird in the family Passerellidae that is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.
# Joseph Nathaniel

Joseph Nathaniel (born 1 October 1993, in Lagos) is a Nigerian football player who currently plays as a midfielder for the Iraqi Premier League team Al-Hedood.

## Honours

Al-Nasr
* Sultan Qaboos Cup: 2017–18
Individual
* Soccer Iraq Goal of the Season: 2020–21
# Counterfeiters (2017 film)

Counterfeiters is a 2017 American action film, directed, produced, written by, and starring Bryce Hirschberg. Counterfeiters (based on his short film by the same name), tells the story of a young man, Bridger, who creates a "do-it-yourself" method of counterfeiting money to save his dying mother. It is notable for being filmed almost entirely on a boat in Marina del Rey, California on a shoe-string budget.

## Cast

* Bryce Hirschberg as Bridger
* Robert McEveety as Rob
* Taylor Lookwood as Preston
* Noel Castellanos as Jose
* Shawn Rolph as Jimmy
* Bridget Avildsen as Genise
* Nick Huebner as Alvin
* Peyton Pritchard as Amber
Julie Simone as Mom

## Release

The film was completed in July 2017 and had its world premiere at the Action On Film International Film Festival in Las Vegas, Nevada at the Brenden Theatre in the Palms Casino Resort. It has since been screened at several major film festivals around the world including; the Wolves Independent International Film Festival (Lithuania), Miami Independent Film Festival (United States), Wales International Film Festival (United Kingdom), Marina del Rey Film Festival (United States), Oniros Film Awards (Italy), and Filmchella (United States).
The film was released on iTunes and Amazon Prime by GoDigital on February 6, 2018, before being released theatrically in a limited release on June 15, 2018.

## Reception

Counterfeiters received positive reviews from critics. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 67% based on 6 reviews. Alex Arabian of Film Inquiry praised Hirschberg, "This is the work of a talented filmmaker just beginning his creative endeavors in the industry. By combining realism with some of his favorite cinematic influences, maximizing an impressively minimal budget, and embracing the art of collaboration, Hirschberg makes a commendable film debut with Counterfeiters." Katie Walsh of the Los Angeles Times commented, "...the ambition and moments of inspired style are [to] be lauded."

## Awards

| Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| Wolves Independent International Film Awards | Best Narrative Feature | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Marina del Rey Film Festival | Audience Award Best Feature | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Action on Film International Film Festival | Best Ensemble Cast – Feature | Counterfeiters | Nominated |
| Action on Film International Film Festival | Best Art Direction – Feature | Counterfeiters | Nominated |
| Action on Film International Film Festival | Best Drama – Feature | Counterfeiters | Nominated |
| Filmchella | Gorilla Award | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Oniros Film Awards | Best Actor | Bryce Hirschberg | Won |
| Frostbite International Film Festival | Best Feature Film | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Film Fest Los Angeles | Best Feature Film | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Film Fest Los Angeles | Best Actor | Bryce Hirschberg | Won |
| Film Fest Los Angeles | Best Screenplay | Counterfeiters | Won |
| Film Fest Los Angeles | Best Director | Bryce Hirschberg | Won |
| Film Fest Los Angeles | Best Editor | Bryce Hirschberg | Won |