OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Rutherford Morison

James Rutherford Morison (10 October 1853, Hutton Henry County Durham, England – 9 January 1939, Newcastle upon Tyne, England) was a British surgeon.
In 1874, he graduated from the University of Edinburgh, and as a young man was an assistant and "surgical dresser" to Joseph Lister (1827–1912). Later, he became a surgeon at the Newcastle Royal Infirmary and a professor at the University of Durham. He was considered by his students to be an excellent teacher. In 1893 he was elected a member of the Harveian Society of Edinburgh.
He is remembered for the eponymous "Morison's pouch", also known as the hepatorenal recess, being described as an anatomical space between the under surface of the liver and the right kidney. His name is also associated with a surgical incision for access to sigmoid colon and pelvis, particularly used if the midline is very scarred from previous surgery (Rutherford Morison incision), and a medical instrument (Rutherford Morison tissue forceps).
During World War I, he was stationed at the Northumberland War Hospital, where he introduced a paste for treatment of contaminated wounds. This substance was to become known as "BIPP", an acronym for bismuth iodoform paraffin paste.
# PETREL

PETREL (Platform for Extra and Terrestrial Remote Examination with LCTF) is a technology demonstration satellite being developed by Tokyo Institute of Technology. The microsatellite is equipped with a multispectral camera, which will be used to carry out two distinct missions. One mission is to survey the sky in ultraviolet wavelengths for the field of time-domain astronomy, and the other is to conduct spectroscopic observations of the Earth. PETREL was originally planned to be launched on a Epsilon rocket flight in 2022 along with the rest of JAXA's Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-3 mission satellites, but was not launched. As of September 2024, PETREL is scheduled to be launched during fiscal year 2025 on the first H3-30 test flight.

## Overview

PETREL's role differs depending on its position in orbit: while inside Earth's shadow it will conduct astronomical observations, and while outside it will function as an Earth observation satellite.
PETREL will conduct wide field observations in ultraviolet, which will work in tandem with ground-based observatories to study time-domain multi-messenger astronomy. PETREL is a pathfinder for the ULTRASAT mission.
As an Earth observation satellite, PETREL will perform multispectral observation of both the land and seas to acquire data for use in agriculture and aquaculture. PETREL's ocean observation will measure the level of plankton and nutrients in the waters, which the aquaculture industry will utilize to help ensure a stable amount of catches.
# I'm Coming Home (Tom Jones song)

"I'm Coming Home" is a popular song written by British musicians John Barry Mason and Les Reed. Released in 1967 as a single by Welsh musician Tom Jones, the song was an international hit, reaching the top position on the Belgium record charts, number two in the United Kingdom, sixth place on the Dutch charts, and peaking at number 10 in Ireland.

## Charts

| Chart (1967) | Peak position |
| UK Singles Chart | 2 |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 16 |
| Belgium – Flanders (Ultratop) | 1 |
| Germany (GfK Entertainment charts) | 39 |
| Irish Singles Chart | 10 |
| Netherlands (MegaCharts) | 6 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 57 |
# Marlon Lewis

Marlon Shaun Lewis (born 7 October 1987) is a South African rugby union player.
He played for the Mighty Elephants in various youth competitions, but moved to the Blue Bulls in 2006, where he was part of the 2006 Vodacom Cup squad. He stayed there for two seasons, then moved back to the Eastern Province Kings in 2008.
# Anne Thompson MacDonald

Anne Thompson MacDonald (December 15, 1896 – October 9, 1993) was an American philanthropist, founder of Recording for the Blind.

## Early life

Anne Hunter Thompson was the daughter of Robert O. Thompson and Frances Walton Thompson. She was raised in the Brooklyn home of her uncle, banker John J. Walton.

## Career

During World War II, Anne Thompson MacDonald was assistant director of the Nurses' Aide Corps of the American Red Cross. Immediately after the war, she was active in helping released prisoners of war return to home. She was a member of the Women's Auxiliary at the New York Public Library, when she learned about the need for audio books for newly blind veterans of the war. She founded The National Committee for Recording for the Blind in 1948 (incorporated in 1951), in New York City, with the motto "Education is a right, not a privilege". She established recording studios in other cities, and oversaw a system involving thousands of volunteers recording, duplicating, cataloging and mailing vinyl records (and later cassette tapes) for blind readers.
In 1973, she was awarded the Migel Medal by the American Foundation for the Blind. In 1983, the Anne T. MacDonald Center opened in Princeton, New Jersey, as the new headquarters of Recordings for the Blind. In 1988, MacDonald was awarded an honorary doctorate from Yale University, for her lifetime of service.

## Personal life and legacy

In 1919, Anne Thompson married stockbroker Ranald Hugh MacDonald Jr. They had two children, Ranald and Anne. She was widowed when Ranald MacDonald died in 1988; she died in 1993, aged 96 years, a nursing home in Huntington, New York. In 2011, Recordings for the Blind rebranded itself as Learning Ally.
# De Kock Steenkamp

Michiel de Kock Steenkamp (born 16 February 1987), is a South African professional rugby union player whose regular position is a lock. He played for Western Province in the Currie Cup and the Stormers in Super Rugby between 2009 and 2014.

## Early life

Steenkamp was born and raised in the Western Cape alongside older brother Wilhelm who went on to play for the Bulls, Sharks, Cheetahs and Force in Super Rugby. He attended Paarl Boys' High School and matriculated in 2005 before going on to study at Stellenbosch University. Whilst there he played Varsity Cup rugby for Maties during the inaugural competition in 2008 and was a late substitute as his side lifted the trophy with a 16–10 victory over UCT.

## Career

Steenkamp was a member of various Western Province age-level groups between 2005 and 2008 and made his senior debut against the Sharks during the 2009 Vodacom Cup. He got his first taste of Super Rugby the following year playing seven times for the Stormers but had to largely make do with deputising for absent Springboks such as Andries Bekker for the next 2 years.
2012 could be seen as a break-out year for Steenkamp. Although mainly featuring as a substitute during the Super Rugby season he provided strong cameos from the bench in place of either Bekker or Eben Etzebeth and also led the Stormers line out when either of their star men were injured. He then went on to feature in all of Western Province's games during the 2012 Currie Cup and he was a key man as they landed their first title since 2001 with a 25–19 win over the Sharks.
An injury to Eben Etzebeth which ruled him out of much of the 2013 Super Rugby season saw Steenkamp become firmly entrenched in the Stormers starting XV. He made 13 starts in a largely disappointing campaign for the men from the Cape and earned a reputation as one of the most consistent performers in South African rugby. This reputation was enhanced by his performances in the Currie Cup later in the year as he started every game for Western Province. It was a season in which they would again reach the tournament final, but this time they fell just short, losing 33–19 at home to the Sharks.
Steenkamp signed a contract extension in April 2013 to remain in Cape Town until 2015.

### Ospreys

In September 2014, Welsh Pro12 side Ospreys announced that Steenkamp secured an early release from his contract and would join them for the 2014–15 Pro12 season. Steenkamp endured an injury-ravaged spell in Wales and after 14 months during which he played just two matches, he was released from his contract and returned to South Africa to complete his injury recovery.
# Oligosoma nigriplantare

Oligosoma nigriplantare, the Chatham Islands skink, is a species of skink in the family Scincidae.
It is the sole reptile species found on the Chatham Islands of New Zealand, where it occurs on all the major islands except Chatham Island itself. Given the geological history of the Chatham Islands, it is assumed that O. n. nigriplantare previously occurred on Chatham Island; however, there are no fossil records or historical reports of O. n. nigriplantare on Chatham Island. Since O. n. nigriplantare is almost locally extinct on Pitt Island as a result of introduced mammals, the presence of introduced mammals on Chatham Island might have resulted in the local extinction of O. n. nigriplantare. On vegetated islands, O. n. nigriplantare inhabits grassland and shrub habitat, but it also occurs on marine rock stacks with sparse vegetation. Substantial morphological variation (body size, colour and colour pattern) is evident within O. n. nigriplantare, potentially indicating morphological evolution following its colonization of the Chatham Islands. Indeed, O. n. nigriplantare (up to 91 mm Snout to Vent Length; SVL) has a substantially larger body size than Oligosoma nigriplantare polychroma (up to 77 mm SVL).
Recent genetic studies indicate that O. n. nigriplantare diverged from Oligosoma nigriplantare polychroma (its nearest relative) 5.86–7.29 million years ago. This pre-dates the emergence date for the Chatham Islands, but indicates that O. n. nigriplantare colonized the Chatham Islands via overwater dispersal on a single occasion. There is substantial morphological variability evident in O. n. nigriplantare, and a shallow level of genetic differential between islands within the Chatham Islands indicating low gene flow between islands, but not speciation between islands. The level of genetic and morphological divergence between O. n. nigriplantare and Oligosoma nigriplantare polychroma might warrant their recognition as distinct species.
# Samar Dubhashi

Samar Dubhashi (born 22 September 1995) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Goa in the 2014–15 Ranji Trophy on 6 February 2015. He made his List A debut on 14 December 2021, for Goa in the 2021–22 Vijay Hazare Trophy.
# Amtkeli

Amtkeli (Georgian: ამტყელი Abkhaz: Амтҟьал) is a small river in north-western Georgia. It originates in the Caucasus Mountains, in the region of Upper Abkhazia, in the western part of the Chkhalta range near Amtkeli pass. It flows south to Lake Amtkeli and joins the Kodori River. Its catchment area is 398 square kilometres (154 sq mi).
The Amtkeli is fed by snow, rain and groundwater. Floods occur in late spring and summer, and the low flows occur in winter.
# Bentley S2

The Bentley S2 is a luxury car produced by Bentley from 1959 until 1962. The successor to the S1, it featured the new Rolls-Royce–Bentley L-series V8 engine and improved air conditioning made possible by that engine's increased output. Power steering was also standard, and a new dashboard and steering wheel were introduced. Some early S2s were built with the earlier S1 dashboard.
A high-performance S2-derived Continental edition was also produced.
1,863 standard and 57 long-wheelbase S2 car chassis were built between 1959 and 1962. Almost all were fitted with standard factory bodywork. A number had coachbuilt bodies by Park Ward, Hooper, H. J. Mulliner & Co., and James Young.

## S2

Announced at the beginning of October 1959 the S2 replaced the S1's straight-six engine with the new aluminium Rolls-Royce - Bentley L Series V8 shared with the Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II. It displaced 6.2 L (6230 cc, or 380 cu in), and offered significantly improved performance.
As advertised in The Times, Friday, 2 October 1959:
   The cylinder block and heads are cast in aluminum alloy and hydraulic tappets operate the overhead valves. The engine has a compression ratio of 8 to 1 and is fitted with twin carburetors with automatic choke. Other features available include fully automatic transmission, power-assisted steering, electrically operated ride control, redesigned and more flexible air conditioning, electric rear window demisters and press button window lifts.
Of the 1,863 standard S2 models produced, 15 had H. J. Mulliner & Co. drophead coupe bodies. Of the 57 long-wheelbase cars, five had James Young bodies and one a Mercedes-Bentley yachting station-wagon body by Wendler.

## S2 Continental

An "S2 Continental" chassis was built with higher performance engines and higher gearing for lighter bodywork. 388 were built, bodied by the same group of coachbuilders as the standard S2.

## Gallery

* Bentley S2 standard saloon rear view
* Bentley S2 drophead coupé by H J Mulliner 1962
* Bentley Continental S2 2-door saloon by H J Mulliner
* Bentley Continental S2 cabriolet by Park Ward 1962
* Bentley Continental S2 4-door saloon Flying Spur 1961 by H J Mulliner
* Bentley Continental S2 4-door saloon Flying Spur 1959 by H J Mulliner
* Bentley Continental S2 interior
* 1960 Bentley S2 Shooting Brake by Wendler
# Bill and Coo

Bill and Coo is a 1948 film directed by Dean Riesner, filmed in Trucolor, and conceived to showcase George Burton's trained birds (Burton's Birds). The 61-minute live-action film stars many types of birds, including budgies (commonly known in the US as parakeets) and lovebirds. The film also features other trained animals, including cats, dogs and a crow. Except for three humans (producer Ken Murray, bird trainer George Burton, and Elizabeth Walters) in a short set-up segment before the opening credits, the film features an all-animal cast. The film was shot on the world's second smallest film set, a miniature village built onto a 15 by 30 ft (4.6 by 9.1 m) tabletop.
The film received an Honorary Academy Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences "In which artistry and patience blended in a novel and entertaining use of the medium of motion pictures." It also one of the first films to be released to cinemas on slow-burning cellulose acetate safety film instead of the dangerously flammable nitrate stock used up until then. Initially, projectionists reported film damage due to the acetate base being less 'slippery' than that of nitrate (celluloid) based film. Before long it was found that a thin coating of wax applied along the film edges solved this problem. The copyright on the film lapsed and is in the public domain.

## Plot

The plot of the film is that the birds live in a fictional, peaceful town named Chirpendale. A crow arrives known as the Black Menace. As his name suggests, the Black Menace terrorizes the town. The story follows the adventures of the hero Bill, a cab driver, as he tries to save Coo and the rest of the town's inhabitants from certain destruction.

## Cast

* Burton's Birds as various characters
* Jimmy the Crow as the Black Menace
# David Jakubovich

David Jakubovich (Hebrew: דוד יעקובוביץ', born 1948) is a former Paralympic athlete representing Israel.
Jakubovich was born in Teplice and emigrated to Israel in 1964. He enlisted to the Israeli Combat Engineering Corps and was injured in 1968 from a mine, causing him severe burn and the loss of his eyesight.
Jakubovich participated in three Summer Paralympics from 1980 to 1988 and took part in nine events, all in athletics.
At the 1980 Summer Paralympics Jakubovich won a bronze medal in pentathlon. He also competed in three other events, ranking 12th in the Men's 1500 metre event and 19th in the Men's 60 metre event. He was not ranked at the Men's 400 metre event.
At the 1984 Summer Paralympics Jakubovich competed in the men's events for 100, 400, 800 and 1500 metres.
At the 1988 Summer Paralympics Jakubovich won a silver medal in the Marathon B1 event.
Jakubovich's was the subject of a short documentary "Long distance running in the dark".
# Mzwandile Stick

Mzwandile Wanky Stick (born 5 October 1984 in Port Elizabeth) is a South African former rugby union footballer, and currently (since 2016) the backline coach for the South African national rugby union team.

## Playing career

He captained the South Africa sevens team during the 2008–09 IRB Sevens World Series, which saw the team win the series title for the first time. His favoured position was full-back. He came off the bench for a Southern Kings XV against British & Irish Lions during the 2009 tour to South Africa.
He was named in the Southern Kings wider training squad for the 2013 Super Rugby season, but was subsequently released to the Vodacom Cup squad.

## Coaching

He was named the Under-21 Assistant Coach in 2013. He became the head coach of the Eastern Province U19 team and their Vodacom Cup team for 2014 and 2015, guiding the Under-19s to their first ever Under-19 Provincial Championship title in 2015.
In December 2015, he was appointed as the backline coach of the Southern Kings team for the 2016 Super Rugby season, and joined the South Africa national rugby union team in the same capacity in April 2016.
# International Women Polytechnic

International Women Polytechnic (Commonly known as IWP) is an ISO 9001:2008 certified education institute in India, offering diploma courses in Fashion Design, Interior Design, NPTT, Stenography, Cosmetology and some other streams.

## Campuses

The institution operates seven campuses in India as of October 2015. These campuses are located in various regions, including West Delhi (Janakpuri), East Delhi (Gagan Vihar), South Delhi (Lajpat Nagar), North Delhi (Derawal Nagar), Gurgaon (Sector 14), Lucknow (Vidhan Sabha Marg), Ghaziabad (Raj Nagar), and Chandigarh (Sec-34A). These campuses offer a range of educational programs.

## Academics

The Academy has the following departments: Fashion Design, Interior Design, NPTT, Stenography, Cosmetology, Multimedia, Fine Arts, Counseling and Image Consulting.

### IWP Diploma courses

* Interior Designing Honours in Interior Designing & Decoration
* Diploma Course in Stenography
* Certificate Course in Computer Science
* Diploma Course in Computer Science
* Honours Course In Computer Science
* Certificate Course In DTP
* Diploma Course in Multimedia
* Diploma in Fine Arts
* Diploma Course in Professional Counselling
* Diploma in Image Consulting

## Festivals

The Melange is an annual event organized by the International Women Polytechnic. It is attended by 100+ buyers from across the globe.
# Ariela Bogenberger

Ariela Bogenberger (born February 27, 1962, in Munich) is a German screenwriter, producer, cabaret director and journalist.

## Career

Bogenberger is the daughter of Veronika Fitz and the actor Willi Anders.
Bogenberger worked as a journalist for the Badische Zeitung, the Münchner Merkur, the Münchner Theaterzeitung and BR-Hörfunk. She was responsible for several episodes of the cabaret television series Das Brettl as author and producer. She also worked as a cabaret director and as an author for the BR productions Live aus dem Schlachthof and Frauensache. In 2000 she was a scholarship holder of the Celle School. In 2002/2003 she completed the Drehbuchwerkstatt München, since then she has been active as a screenwriter. Her first book was the basis for Rainer Kaufmann's multi-award-winning television film Marias's Last Journey [de].
In 2017, she reported on her 18-year membership (1997–2015) in the sect-like Kirschblütengemeinschaft of the guru Samuel Widmer in Petra K. Wagner's documentary film Aussteigen.

## Private life

She lives with her husband, the composer and crime novelist ("Chiemsee Blues") Thomas Bogenberger, and their three children in Prien am Chiemsee.

## Filmography

* 2005: Marias's Last Journey [de] – TV movie/tragicomedy, directed by Rainer Kaufmann
* 2007: Späte Aussicht – TV movie, directed by Sylvia Hoffmann
* 2010: In aller Stille – TV movie, directed by Rainer Kaufmann: Rainer Kaufmann
* 2012: Die Verführerin Adele Spitzeder – TV movie, director: Xaver Schwarzenberger
* 2012: Mittlere Reife – TV movie, director: Martin Enlen
* 2013: Hattinger und die kalte Hand – Ein Chiemseekrimi – TV movie, director: Hans Steinbichler
* 2014: Die Frau aus dem Moor – TV movie, director: Christoph Stark
* 2017: Polizeiruf 110: Nachtdienst

## Awards

* Karl-Buchrucker-Preis for the screenplay of Marias's Last Journey
* Adolf-Grimme-Preis in Gold for the screenplay of Marias's Last Journey
* Banff Rockie Award for Marias's Last Journey as Best Television Film at the 27th Banff World Television Festival. Banff World Television Festival 2006
* Nomination for the Prix Europa 2005 (best screenplay) for Maria's Last Journey
* Special award for the screenplay of In aller Stille at the Fernsehfilm-Festival Baden-Baden 2010
* Grimme Prize 2011 for the screenplay of In aller Stille
# Corner tower

The corner towers were defensive towers built at the corners of castles or fortresses.

## Purpose

Two ideas have been advanced about the purpose or value of corner towers in medieval fortresses:
* The corners of a medieval fortress were weak points because they were easier to attack and more difficult to defend than the rest of the walls. Not only this, but enemy combatants that reached the tops of walls at the corners were protected at the point where the walls met, making it more difficult to repulse them. Fortress corner towers were therefore constructed to make up for this vulnerability.
* These towers made possible to provide enfilade fire against attacking forces along adjacent walls. This would oblige attackers to concentrate some of their force on the corner towers themselves where they could be dealt with more effectively.
Towers constructed at fortress corners were larger and taller than other towers. At the bottom of these towers were defences, such as ditches, fences, and sometimes advanced forts or bastions.
Corner towers may be seen on the Wall of Philip II Augustus (Tour du coin (Louvre), Tour de Nesle, Tour Barbeau [fr]), on the Wall of Charles V (Tour du Bois [fr]), in the city of Carcassonne, in the Château de Pierrefonds and in the fortress of the Bastille.

## In Architecture

In architecture of non-defensive structures, like churches and theater buildings, a corner tower is any tower that is protruding upwards from the corner of two walls, and usually has no walls of its own below the roof. While other towers are usually attached to the building by one wall.
# The Lost Continent

A lost continent is land supposedly existing during prehistory that has since disappeared.
Lost Continent or The Lost Continent may also refer to:
* Lost Continent (1951 film)
* Lost Continent (1955 film)
* The Lost Continent (1968 film)
* Atlantis, the Lost Continent
* The Lost Continent: The Story of Atlantis, an 1899 fantasy novel by C. J. Cutcliffe Hyne
* The Lost Continent: Travels in Small-Town America, a 1989 travel book by Bill Bryson
* Beyond Thirty, a 1916 science fiction novel by Edgar Rice Burroughs, retitled The Lost Continent for editions published between 1963 and 2001
* Lost Continents, a 1954 book by L. Sprague de Camp
* "Lost Continent", a 2008 short story by Greg Egan
* The Lost Continent, an area at Islands of Adventure theme park in Orlando, Florida