OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Berserk llama syndrome

Berserk llama syndrome (usually shortened to BLS), aberrant behavior syndrome, or berserk male syndrome (as it is more pronounced in males) is a psychological condition experienced by human-raised camelids, particularly llamas and alpacas, that can cause them to exhibit dangerously aggressive behavior toward humans. The term has been overused, however, and is sometimes inappropriately applied to llamas with aggressive personalities that are not truly "berserk".

## Causes

The condition was first observed and documented in the 1970s, upon the importation of llamas to the rural United States.
BLS is a result of overexposure of a juvenile llama, a cria, to humans, which results in the cria imprinting on its human handlers to such a degree that it considers them to be fellow llamas. Imprinting can be caused by bottle feeding, which is utilized due to a cria rejecting its mother's milk or when there is insufficient maternal milk supply. Another contributing factor is isolation from other llamas. When the cria reaches maturity, the llama cannot distinguish humans from other llamas and may try to demonstrate its dominance. Adult male inter-llama interaction can be rough, including chest-ramming, charging, leg-wrestling, and biting, and they are strongly territorial. In some severe cases, llamas with BLS may sneak up to their owners and attack them from behind. Male llamas with this condition become dangerous when this behavior is directed toward humans and are usually euthanised. Female llamas can also have berserk llama syndrome but their behavior is usually limited to spitting and difficult handling.

## Prevention and treatment

In males, the chance of developing berserk llama syndrome can be reduced through castration before puberty. However, BLS can still appear in gelded males. A majority of berserk males are euthanized.
# Gobert de Helleville

Gobert de Helleville was a French nobleman from Helleville in Normandy, who was sent to the Mongols by king Philip the Fair in 1288. Gobert accompanied the Mongol ambassador Rabban Bar Sauma on his return trip.
Gobert is indirectly mentioned in the Syrian accounts describing Rabban Bar Sauma's voyage to Christians lands:
   "And he said unto us, "I will send with you one of the great Amirs whom I have here with me to give an answer to King Arghon"; and the king gave Rabban Sawma gifts and apparel of great price."
Gobert de Helleville departed on 2 February 1288 with two clercs, Robert de Senlis and Guillaume de Bruyères, as well as arbaletier Audin de Bourges. They joined Bar Sauma in Rome, and accompanied him to Persia.
# Amanita fuliginea

Amanita fuliginea, commonly known as the east Asian brown death cap, is a species of deadly poisonous mushroom in the family Amanitaceae. The fruit bodies have convex, dark gray to blackish caps measuring 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter. The gills, largely free from attachment to the stipe, are white and have short gills (lamellulae) interspersed. The spores are roughly spherical, amyloid, and typically measure 8–11 by 7–9.5 μm. The species was described as new to science by Japanese mycologist Tsuguo Hongo in 1953. A. fuliginea is classified in Amanita section Phalloideae, which contains the infamous destroying angel.
The mushroom is common in China, where it has caused poisonings. A review of cases in southern China found that between 1994 and 2012, it was responsible for the poisoning of 352 people (of 852 total cases), resulting in 79 deaths (of 183 total). The deadly α and β amanitins have been isolated from this fungus alongside an additional unidentified phallotoxin. Findings indicate that the concentrations of amatoxins and phallotoxins in A. fuliginea vary among its tissues and developmental stages. Toxin levels were found to be highest in the gills, with peak concentrations occurring during the fruiting body's vigorous growth stage.
# George Southall (footballer)

George Southall (1880 – after 1907) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham.
Southall was born in Quarry Bank, which was then in Staffordshire. He began his football career in local football, and gained a reputation as both a goalscorer and a creator of chances while with Stourbridge. He joined Birmingham in December 1905, and made his debut in the First Division on 7 April 1906 in a goalless draw at Derby County. Though given a decent run of games, he was unable to perform at his best, so he returned to non-league football where he was again successful.
# Amila Mendis

Amila Mendis (born 9 June 1982) is a Sri Lankan former cricketer. He played in 61 first-class and 48 List A matches between 1998/99 and 2013/14. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Sri Lanka Police Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.
# Thomas Gallon

Thomas Heaton Gallon (November 28, 1886 – September 28, 1945) was a Texas native who went to Canada as a young man, where he became a track and field athlete and competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.
In 1912, he was eliminated in the first round of the 400 metres competition. He was also a member of the Canadian relay team, which was eliminated in the first round of the 4x400 metre relay event.
Later, he became a captain in World War I with the First Division, 16th Battalion, and then had a career with the Royal Bank of Canada, working in that capacity at Havana. In later years, he was president of the Sugar Sales Corporation.
# Henry Hansen (cyclist)

Henry Peter Christian Hansen (16 March 1902 – 28 March 1985) was a Danish road racing cyclist who won two gold medals at the 1928 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 1932 Summer Olympics. Hansen won the world title in 1931 and placed in the top 10 at three other world championships. At the Nordic Championships, he won the individual road race in 1925–1927 and 1929, and held the team title in 1926 and 1929. Nationally, he won the Danish championships in 1921, 1923, 1925, and 1930. In 1937 and 1938 he competed professionally without major success. After retiring from competitions he held various administrative positions, serving as Chairman of the Danish Cycling Union in 1967–1971.
Hansen's niece was married to Knud Enemark Jensen, the Danish cyclist who died during competition at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Shabab Dura

Shabab Dora Club (Arabic: نادي شباب دورا‎), is a Palestinian football club founded in 1943 in the city of Dura in the Hebron Governorate. The club competes in the West Bank Premier League in the West Bank.

## Achievements

Participation in various sports activities.
# Orama (dish)

Orama (Kazakh: орама,, Mongolian: ороомог, Bashkir: ханума, romanized: xanuma) is a traditional-steamed pie made in Central Asia, especially among the Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Bashkirs and the Mongolians. The name comes from a nominalisation of the word "to roll"/"to wrap", referring to how the food is made.
The dough for orama is made from flour, water, and salt. It is kneaded and rolled thin, and a filling is spread over it. The filling may contain minced potatoes, minced meat, animal fat, and sometimes minced pumpkin or some other vegetable. The dough is then rolled around the filling in sections to create a long, thin wrap. The wraps are laid in a circle in steamer pots and steamed.
# Veli Nieminen

Heikki Veli Nieminen (1 December 1886 – 1 April 1936) was a Finnish gymnast and sports shooter who won two bronzes competing in the 1908, 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics.

## Sport

Veli Nieminen at the Olympic Games :
| Games | Sport | Event | Rank | Notes |
| 1908 Summer Olympics | Gymnastics | Team | 3rd | Source: |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | Trap | 13th– | Complete results are unavailable, but he was at best 13th |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | 300 metre free rifle, three positions | 20th– | Complete results are unavailable, but he was at best 20th |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | 300 metre team military rifle, prone | 3rd | |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | Team free rifle | 4th | |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | 600 metre team military rifle, prone | 8th | |
| 1920 Summer Olympics | Shooting | 300 and 600 metre team military rifle, prone | 10th | |
| 1924 Summer Olympics | Shooting | 600 metre free rifle | 31st | |
| 1924 Summer Olympics | Shooting | Team free rifle | 5th | |
He also participated the ISSF World Shooting Championships twice:
* 1924: free rifle, kneeling: 5th
* 1928: free rifle, prone: 17th
He won the Finnish championship in 150 metre free rifle standing in 1925.
He was the secretary of Finnish Shooting Sport Federation from 1927 to 1936 and a board member from 1919 to 1933.

## Politics

He was among the leadership in the Mäntsälä rebellion. He was prosecuted for the rebellion but acquitted.
He was developing the party platform and organisation for the Patriotic People's Movement.
He sat in the Hämeenlinna municipal council in 1934–1936.
# Dania Espaeva

Dania Madiqyzy Espaeva (Kazakh: Дания Мәдиқызы Еспаева, Daniia Mädiqyzy Espaeva, Kazakh pronunciation:; born 5 March 1961) is a Kazakh politician and a member of the Mäjilis serving since 24 March 2016. Her 2019 election campaign made her the first woman to be a Kazakh presidential candidate.

## Biography

Espaeva was born on 5 March 1961 in the village of Jaisan in the Martuk District of the Aktobe Region.
In 1982, she graduated with honors from the Alma-Ata Credit and Accounting College and then from the Kazakh State Academy of Management of Alma-Ata with a degree in economics in 1993.
From 2008 to 2016, Espaeva was a member of the Aktobe Regional Mäslihat, on the commission on family and women.
Since 24 March 2016, she is a member of the Mäjilis from the Aq Jol Democratic Party on the Finance and Budget Committee.
On 24 April 2019, Espaeva became registered as candidate for the 2019 Kazakh presidential election for the Aq Jol party which took place on 9 June, winning 5% of the popular vote.

## Personal life

Espaeva is married and has two sons and two grandchildren.
# Ashat Raqymjanov

Ashat Nurmagambetuly Raqymjanov (Kazakh: Асхат Нұрмағамбетұлы Рақымжанов, Ashat Nūrmağambetūly Raqymjanov,; born 10 June 1983) is a Kazakh politician who's serving as the chairman of Nationwide Social Democratic Party (JSDP) since 6 September 2019. Prior to that, he was chairman of the Astana City Branch of the JSDP.

## Biography

Rahymjanov was born in 1983 in Tselinograd, Kazakh SSR. In 2005, he graduated from the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University in Astana with a degree in political science. Rahymjanov was the deputy chairman of the Astana City Branch of the Nationwide Social Democratic Party (JSDP) where he eventually became the chairman of the branch.
On 6 September 2019, at the 15th Extraordinary Congress of the JSDP, Rahymjanov was elected as the chairman of the party by its delegates, assuming his predecessor Ermurat Bapi's role to which later he criticized the move as being "illegal".
# Kokshetau (disambiguation)

Kokshetau (Kazakh: Көкшетау / / — «Blueish Mountain») is a city in Akmola Region, Kazakhstan, which may consist of :
* the City of Kokshetau
* the Kokshetau City Administration
* the Kokshetau Region, former administrative division in Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and later Kazakhstan
Kokshetau may also refer to:
* Kokshetau Hills, a mountain system of the Kazakh Uplands
* Kokshetau Lakes, a lake group in Akmola and Northern Kazakhstan regions
* Kokshetau Mountains, a small mountain range in Akmola Region, highest point Mount Kokshe
* Kokshetau National Park, a protected area in Akmola and Karaganda regions, Kazakhstan
* Kokshetau Airport, an airport in Akmola Region, Kazakhstan
* Kokshetau-1 station
* Kokshetau-2 station

## Sports

* FC Kokshetau, former name of a football club from Kokshetau, Kazakhstan.
# Bukpa Hill

Bukpa (Kazakh: Buqpa;) is a hill that rises in the north-western area of Kokshetau, the capital of Akmola Region in the northern part of Kazakhstan. It is open to the public and provides excellent panoramic views of the city and beyond, including Mount Kokshe, is relatively easy to climb, and is popular for hillwalking. Bukpa is one of the main landmarks in the city, and have attracted visitors and tourists for many years. The Kokshetau Sign is located on its northeastern slope. The name “Bukpa” literally means "to hide" in the Kazakh language. Bukpa Hill was the location of the St George's Church (1847–75).

## Geography

The hill, 1,191 feet (363 m) at an elevation of above sea level and located at 53°16′19″N 69°19′50″E﻿ / ﻿53.27194°N 69.33056°E﻿ / 53.27194; 69.33056 and forms part of the group of hills in Kokshetau. Kokshetau is traditionally thought of as being a hilly city, because of the number of hills in or close to the city centre. The Kokshetau Hills are part of the Kazakh Uplands located in the northern Kazakhstan. The Lake Kopa lies to the south of the Bukpa Hill. The hill is a prominent feature of Kokshetau’s skyline. It is surrounded by residential suburbs. In winter, Bukpa often has a covering of snow.

## History

In the summer of 1827, the construction of the Kokshetau settlement began at the foot of Bukpa Hill.
In 1847, the construction of the St George's Church was completed on the north-eastern slope of the hill. However, in 1875 the church was dismantled and moved to the city centre of Kokshetau.

## Gallery

* Bukpa Hill, perhaps Kokshetau's best known hill, c. 1880.

## In literature

Kokshetau hills are mentioned in lines of the book of Anastasia Tsvetayeva's Starost i molodost (Old Age and Youth, 1988):
    "…Did someone write about the fact that the close mountains interfere, and the distant ones (the nearby hills) help to live? The hills have embraced Kokchetav in a semicircle, they console it: we are here, we are around, we protect it from the cold, emptiness and infinity ... "
# Genome India Project

Genome India Project (GIP) is a research initiative led by the Bangalore-based Indian Institute of Science's Centre for Brain Research and involves over 20 universities across the country in an effort to gather samples, compile data, conduct research, and create an ‘Indian reference genome' grid.

## Background

The initiative is funded by Department of Biotechnology (DBT) to sequence at least 10,000 Indian genomes in phase 1. The goal of the research is to develop predictive diagnostic indicators for several high-priority diseases and other uncommon and genetic disorders. In phase 2, the project would collect genetic samples from patients with three broad categories - cardiovascular diseases, mental illness, and cancer.

### Participating institutions

The list includes:
* All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur
* Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
* Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics
* Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
* Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar
* Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad
* Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune
* Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
* Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi
* Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur
* Institute of Bioresources And Sustainable Development, Imphal
* Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubhaneswar
* Mizoram University
* National Centre for Biological Sciences
* National Institute of Biomedical Genomics
* National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
* Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology
* Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
# Katy Valentin

Katy Elise Johanne Valentin (29 March 1902 – 30 May 1970) was a Danish stage and film actress.

## Filmography

* Filmens helte, 1928
* Hallo, Afrika forude, 1929
* Så til søs, 1933
* Komtessen på Stenholt, 1939
* Det brændende spørgsmål, 1943
* Otte akkorder, 1944
* Elly Petersen, 1944
* Biskoppen, 1944
* Så mødes vi hos Tove, 1946
* Dorte, 1951
* Bag de røde porte, 1951
* Det store løb, 1952
# Jetisu Region

Jetisu Region (Kazakh: Жетісу облысы, romanized: Jetısu oblysy, IPA:; Russian: Жетысуская область, IPA:), formerly spelled Zhetysu Region, is one of the Regions of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is Taldykorgan. Total area of the region is 118,500 km².
Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev announced on March 16, 2022, that the region would be created. The area split off from Almaty Region when Tokayev's decree came into force on June 8, 2022. The administrative center of the region is Taldykorgan, and the center of Almaty Region was moved to Qonayev. On June 11, 2022, Beibit Isabayev was appointed as akim of the region. The region's borders roughly correspond to the old Taldykorgan Region which was liquidated in 1997 and merged with Almaty Region.
It is named after the historical Zhetysu region of Central Asia, which is primarily situated within the modern-day region.
# Intervention (international law)

Intervention, in terms of international law, is the term for the use of force by one country or sovereign state in the internal or external affairs of another. In most cases, intervention is considered to be an unlawful act but some interventions may be considered lawful.

## Definitions

L. F. L. Oppenheim defines intervention as a forcible or dictorial interference by a state in the affairs of another state calculated to impose certain conduct or consequences on that other state.

## Intervention by invitation or on request

When a state interferes in the political affairs of another state by invitation, or on request, it can not be considered as an unlawful act. Interference of a state can never be unlawful if it is for the sake of humanity. It is necessary that the two states agree on the matter of intervention through a treaty. A request for assistance is not an unlawful act. As for the invitation part, this needs to come from the state itself. It must come from the highest available governmental authority, it must be provided free from pressure, and it must be issued prior to the use of force. The ensuing use of force must remain within the limits of the invitation.
Intervention by invitation (IbI) may or may not involve combat; an example of the latter might involve only power projection. The ICJ declared in a 1986 judgment on Nicaragua that IbI from a lawful government is lawful while IbI from rebels groups is unlawful. Some cases of intervention by invitation documented since the millennium are:
* France in Mali,
* the US-led coalition in Iraq,
* Saudi Arabia in Yemen,
* Russia in Syria,
* ECOWAS in The Gambia
# Red Solstice 2: Survivors

Red Solstice 2: Survivors is a real-time tactical video game developed by Ironward Games and published by 505 Games. It was released on 17 June 2021 for the PC platform. It is a direct sequel to the 2015 game The Red Solstice.

## Gameplay

The game is described as a tactical shooter from an isometric perspective in cramped corridors. It features 15 main missions and over 20 side missions.
# Satyavadi Raja Harishchandra

Satyavadi Raja Harishchandra (Marathi: सत्यवादी राजा हरिश्चंद्र; English: Truthful King Harishchandra) is a 1917 silent black and white Indian short film directed and produced by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke. The film is a shorter version of the first Indian feature film, Raja Harishchandra (1913), also directed and produced by Phalke. The intertitles used in the film were in Marathi language as the film was a silent film. The film is based on the mythological story of a Hindu King Harishchandra, the 36th king of the Solar Dynasty, who donated his entire kingdom and sold himself and his family to keep the promise given to the sage Vishvamitra in the dream.

## Plot

The film depicts the story of a Hindu King Harishchandra, the 36th king of the Solar Dynasty. The Hindu sage Vishwamitra reminds Harishchandra of his promise of donating his kingdom, given to the sage in his dream. Known for keeping his promises, Harishchandra donates as desired by sage. Vishwamitra demands that in order to complete the act of donation, an additional amount as "Dakshina" (honorarium) should be paid. Being empty handed now, Harishchandra sells his wife Taramati, son Rohitashwa and himself to get the required amount. The king leaves for Varanasi as after donating his kingdom, it becomes the only place outside the influence of the sage.
King, now taking the form of a commoner, gets tested for his morals at several incidents but pleased with his virtue; the gods and the sage restore king's former glory, and further offers heavenly abode to the king, the queen and all their subjects.

## Cast

D. D. Dabke, a Marathi stage actor played the lead role of Harischandra. The female lead role of Taramati, Harischandra's wife was played by a male actor Anna Salunke. Phalke's son Bhalachandra was the child artist who donned the role of Rohitash, son of Harischandra. Sage Vishwamitra's role was played by G. V. Sane. The story was an adaptation from the Hindu mythology and was scripted by Ranchhodbai Udayram and Dada Saheb Phalke. Other artists in the film were:
* Dattatreya Kshirsagar
* Dattatreya Telang
* Ganpat G. Shinde
* Vishnu Hari Aundhkar
* Nath T. Telang

## Production

Dhundiraj Govind Phalke, popularly addressed as a mark of respect as Dada Saheb Phalke, who eventually came to don the title "father of Indian Cinema", was the director, script writer and producer of the film. He started a studio in Dadar Main Road. He wrote the screen play, and created the sets for the film and started shooting the film himself. The film was Dada's first feature film venture of full length of the film of 3700 ft (in four reels) and it took seven months 21 days to complete the film. The film was screened at the Coronation Cinema in 1917 before invited audience of the representatives of the press and guests. The film received wide acclaim and was a commercial success. Phalke followed it up by making films such as Satyavan Savithri, Lanka Dhahan (1917), Sri Krisna Janma (1918), and Kalia Mardan (1919).
Some historians believe that the presumed available prints of India's first feature film Raja Harishchandra (1913) are actually of Satyavadi Raja Harishchandra.