OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kurt Leibbrand

Kurt Gustav Adolf Max Leibbrand (1914-1985) was a German civil engineer, professor, and consultant transport engineer. In July 1961, he was arrested and charged with murder for the deaths of 26 unarmed Italian volunteers who were shot during the German retreat from France in August 1944, allegedly on the regimental orders he issued. Although the court only found him culpable for manslaughter, he was not sentenced because the manslaughter verdict was time-barred. His arrest lead to his resignation as a professor of railway and transport engineering at ETH Zürich.

## Professional life

* From 1937 to 1950 he was with German Railways, later Councillor.
* From 1950 to 1963 he was Professor at the ETH Zurich.
* From 1963 to 1977 he worked in infrastructure consulting engineering in Frankfurt.
* From 1977 to 1979 he was Professor at the Institute of technology, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro.
* From 1979 to 1980 he was Consultant to the Press of the Empresa Brasileira de Transportes Urbanos (Ministry of Transport (Brazil)).
* From 1980 to 1985 he was an infrastructure consulting engineer Stuttgart.
He undertook planning and consulting work in 22 countries in Europe, Turkey, Venezuela, Chile, Spain, Portugal.
Leibbrand has been considered one of the most influential post-war German transport engineers.

## Arrest for war crimes

On July 24, 1961 Leibbrand was arrested on behalf of the Stuttgart District Court at Frankfurt airport, because of a command he issued as a lieutenant in August 1944 during World War II, in Orange, Vaucluse near Avignon, which led to 28 Italian volunteers of the 6th Company of the Pioneer Regiment of the 19th Army being shot down with machine guns after having mutinied when the company withdrew. A company officer ordered the unsuspecting "Hiwis" in the middle of the night to enter a small forest meadow, where they were shot. Six of them were able to escape in the dark. According to Der Spiegel, 26 were killed and five seriously injured.
Citing a lack of evidence, the Stuttgart jury released Leibbrand on 2 October 1962 from the charge of murder. Then he returned to Zurich, but not to the chair from which he was on leave. The Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe overturned the verdict and dismissed the case for reassessment to the Stuttgart court. On January 10, 1966 Leibbrand stood for the second time in Stuttgart in court. Despite the charge of murder, his deed was counted as manslaughter and set the procedure for prescription.

## Awards

* 1935: Boissonnet Prize
* 1939: Prize of German Minister of Transport
# Nechemya Cohen

Nechemiah Cohen (Hebrew: נחמיה כהן; April 30, 1943 – June 5, 1967) was the most decorated soldier in the history of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). He shares this honour with close friend and former Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Major Amitai Hason. He received five decorations – one Medal of Distinguished Service and four Chief Of Staff Citations.
Cohen was born in Jerusalem to Shalom and Shoshana, who made Aliyah from Turkey. He studied in the elementary school in Bet HaKerem neighbourhood of Jerusalem and later attended Beit Hinuch high school in the city. Following his graduation, he enlisted to the IDF, where he served in Sayeret Matkal.
Cohen was killed in combat near the City of Gaza on June 5, 1967, the first day of the Six-Day War, aged 24.
His older brother Eliezer Cohen served as a fighter pilot and was a member of the Knesset.
# New Mexico State Road 121

State Road 121 (NM 121) is a 8.6-mile-long (13.8 km) American state highway in Mora County, New Mexico. Its southern terminus is at NM 518 south of Holman, and its northern terminus is at the end of state maintenance near Chacon.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations |
| ​ | 0.000 | 0.000 | NM 518 | Southern terminus |
| ​ | 8.581 | 13.810 | End of state maintenance | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||
# Billy Silto

William Alfred Silto (1 May 1883 – after 1919) was an English footballer who played at centre half. He played in the Football League for Barnsley and in the Southern League for Swindon Town.
After injury caused a £1000 transfer to Aston Villa to fall through, Silto joined Swindon during the summer of 1909, after being released by Barnsley, who suspected he was injury-prone. Had the transfer gone through he would have been the first British football player to have been sold for more than £1000. He went on to make well over 200 appearances for Swindon over the following eleven years - and without the interruption of the First World War, it would have been far more.
A strong-tackling, energetic half-back with incredible stamina, Silto was part of one of the most successful sides in the Town's history, winning two Southern League championship medals, the Dubonnet Cup, and also reaching the FA Cup semi-finals twice. In the 1912 semi-final replay against Barnsley, Swindon were awarded a penalty, and, with regular penalty-taker Billy Tout out through injury, Silto stepped up to take the kick, eager to score against his former club. He was stopped in his tracks by captain Peter Chambers, who told Silto, "you don't take penalties, Billy", and handed the responsibility to a reluctant Archie Bown. Bown missed the kick, and Barnsley went on to win the tie 1–0.
Such were Silto's performances in the Swindon team, that he was recognised as the understudy to the England half-back Billy Wedlock for many seasons, and though he joined up with the England squad on many occasions, the only appearances he made were on an unofficial tour of South Africa in 1910.
After retirement, Silto settled in the Swindon area where the sporting heritage would continue with his son Joe Silto playing and later captaining England at table tennis playing against notable world names including 5 times World Champion Viktor Barna, who is widely considered to be one of the greatest players of all time.
Like former Swindon Town teammate Harold Fleming, a street was named 'Silto Court' in the town in recognition of the international sporting achievements by both generations of the family.
# Louise Dobson

Louise "Lou" Dobson (born 1 September 1972 Shepparton, Victoria) is a former field hockey player from Australia, who earned a total number of 230 international caps for the Australian Women's National Team, in which she scored 58 goals. She was a member of the squad, that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States.

## International senior competitions

* 1996 – Summer Olympics, Atlanta, United States (1st)
* 1997 – Champions Trophy, Berlin, Germany (1st)
* 1998 – Commonwealth Games, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (1st)
* 1999 – Champions Trophy, Brisbane, Australia (1st)
* 2000 – Champions Trophy, Amstelveen, Netherlands (3rd)
* 2001 – Champions Trophy, Amstelveen, Netherlands (3rd)
* 2002 – World Cup, Perth, Australia (4th)
* 2003 – Champions Trophy, Sydney, Australia (1st)
* 2004 – Summer Olympics, Athens, Greece (5th)
# Sim closer fraud

The TRAI SIM Closure Fraud is a scam operating in India where fraudsters impersonate the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) to deceive mobile users into closing their SIM cards. This

## Nature of fraud

The fraud often includes fake SMS messages and calls purporting to TRAI support, instructing users to close their mobile numbers due to alleged fraud cases or KYC updates. These messages and calls create urgency, warning that services will be cut off unless users comply. Scammers aim to steal sensitive personal information, such as Aadhaar numbers, Bank details by pretending to be legitimate authorities.

## Trai Response

In response to this growing threat, TRAI has issued warnings advising users to be cautious of such communications. They emphasize that TRAI does not contact users via calls or messages regarding SIM closures. Users are urged to ignore these fraudulent messages and report them to their telecom operators or through the Central Government's Sanchar Sathi portal.
# RWSfm 103.3

RWSfm 103.3 is a United Kingdom based radio station and is the community radio station serving the town of Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, and the surrounding areas, offering music and local information. The station was awarded a community radio license by Ofcom in 2010 and began broadcasting on 13 August 2010.

## History

Launched in August 2010, RWSfm 103.3 started broadcasting to Bury St Edmunds and surrounding villages on 103.3fm from its studios just off Hardwick Lane, having previously broadcast via various other methods.
From the summer of 2015, the station launched its own local news bulletin, broadcasting local news stories at half past each hour seven days a week between 7:30 and 17:30. This followed a warning from Ofcom, who found the station in breach of failing to adhere to its key commitments and subsequently put the station on notice.
In December 2019, the station was awarded extra power to broadcast further into the community in West Suffolk. In August 2020, Ofcom then granted the station a second five-year extension to its license.
In January 2021, the station received a grant of £5,625 from the Bury St Edmunds Town Council to upgrade its transmitter due to its 'patchy' signal in certain areas of Bury St Edmunds.
On September 20, 2023, Managing Director and joint Station Manager, Julie Macleod, applied to Ofcom to change their "Key Commitments" to cater for the upgraded power increase.
# Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life, Art, and Work

Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life, Art, and Work is an early 19th-century biography of Johann Sebastian Bach, written in German by Johann Nikolaus Forkel, and later translated by, among others, Charles Sanford Terry.
When Forkel published his Ueber Johann Sebastian Bachs Leben, Kunst und Kunstwerke: Für patriotische Verehrer echter musikalischer Kunst in 1802 it was the first biography on the composer published as a separate book. Forkel dedicated the work to Gottfried van Swieten. Van Swieten was an early Bach adept, for instance making Mozart familiar with the baroque composer.

## Bach biography before Forkel

The best known predecessor of Forkel's biography was Bach's Obituary, the "Nekrolog", an article of less than 20 pages published a few years after the composer's death in 1750. Short biographies in reference works that appeared before Forkel's biography mostly derived from the "Nekrolog".

## Content

For the content of his biography, Forkel relied on the "Nekrolog", and on material he had obtained from Bach's sons Carl Philipp Emanuel and Wilhelm Friedemann. To that Forkel added his own interpretations and evaluations of Bach's art. Forkel saw his biography also as a vehicle for German nationalist feelings.
Forkel gives most attention to Bach's keyboard music. The biographical description of Bach's last tenure in Leipzig is almost entirely neglected, and no attention is given to the church music Bach wrote in the first two decades of that period.

## Editions and translations

The first edition of Forkel's biography on Johann Sebastian Bach was published by Hoffmeister and Kühnel. An early English translation of Forkel's work, published in 1820, had many deficiencies.
A second edition of Forkel's biography was issued by Peters in 1855. By the early 20th century, when Charles Sanford Terry produced his translation of the biography, scholarship on Bach had progressed, so Terry supplemented his translation with extensive footnotes, clarifications and appendices, and even expanded the text of some of the chapters.
In the second quarter of the 20th century new German editions with updated clarifications were produced. A new English translation was included in the New Bach Reader.

## Reception

Forkel's biography was instrumental in making Bach known to a broad public. Many inaccuracies were pointed out in Forkel's biography, but nonetheless later biographers relied on it.
# Dodge Chicago Plant

The Dodge Chicago Aircraft Engine Plant was a World War II defense plant that built the majority of the B-29 bomber aircraft engines used in World War II.
The plant design was initiated by automotive plant designer Albert Kahn and his company. The plant is seen as an influential design landmark of American industrial manufacturing facilities. The main building of the Dodge Chicago plant covered eighty-two acres and occupied over 30 city blocks, and at the time was the largest building in the world. Although Kahn died prior to the completion of the project, he was influential in the innovative design that efficiently used precious wartime materials used in its construction. Kahn had extensive tunnels dug to facilitate foot and supply traffic. These tunnels span the width and breadth of the plant in a tic-tac-toe pattern. Wooden block floors were placed for ergonomic reasons, which was typical for industrial plants of the day. These floors were cemented over when the facility was converted into Ford City Mall, and only recently had to be removed from TRI (candy maker Tootsie Roll Industries) as posing a potential health hazard. The Belt Line Railroad shunted lines into the plant, and to this day evidence of the rails remain. Construction of the plant was started in 1942, and it was in full operation by early 1944.
The B-29 Superfortress bomber was used in the strategic bombing campaign against Japan. It was the largest American aircraft to see service in World War II. Each B-29 Superfortress used four of the massive Wright R-3350 - Cyclone 18-cylinder 2,200 horsepower (1,600 kW) engines built at the Dodge Chicago Plant. There were nearly 4000 of these aircraft produced when the B-29 was retired from service in the 1960s. Many firsts in industry took place there. Chemist Lencke produced Z-max lubricant. 75% of the employees were women, 1 to 2 percent of whom were African Americans. The Dodge Chicago plant marked an all-time high water mark of cooperation and success between the efforts of the American government, industry, and labor. It also set an early standard for providing an environment of racial and ethnic cooperation and tolerance. After the war, a lease for the plant was awarded to the Tucker Car Corporation, and it later used by several automobile manufacturers including Ford Motor Company. Tootsie Roll Industries moved into a vacated portion of the plant in 1967. To this day, TRI uses these tunnels for archives and storage as well as locker rooms, as Ford City uses them for a strip of boutiques. The plant was constructed just east of South Cicero Avenue and was a half-mile long from 72nd Street to 76th Street, and nearly a half-mile wide, reaching South Kostner Avenue in Chicago's West Lawn community. To this day, the northern two-thirds of its buildings still house the Tootsie Roll factory, and a section that was demolished for a parking lot which separates Tootsie Roll from the Ford City Mall.
# Orlando Sinclair

Orlando Alexis Sinclair Hernández (born 19 April 1998) is a Costa Rican professional footballer who plays as a forward for Saprissa.

## Career

Sinclair signed with Loudoun United FC on March 1, 2019.
On January 16, 2020, Sinclair was announced as part of the inaugural roster for New England Revolution II of USL League One.

## Honours
### Club
#### Saprissa

* Liga FPD: Clausura 2021
# Zomura Manezo

Zomura Manezo is a Ugandan politician and member of the parliament. She was elected in office as a woman Member to represent Obongi district located in the Northern part of Uganda during the 2021 Uganda general elections.
She is a member of the ruling National Resistance Movement party.
# Pistolet modèle An XIII

The Pistolet modèle An XIII was a flintlock cavalry pistol, in service in French units from 1806.
The Pistolet modèle An XIII was mostly inspired by the Pistolet modèle An IX, which it succeeded, but also incorporated elements of the Navy pistolet modèle 1786, notably the barrel mountings. A critical difference between the Pistolet modèle 1777/1786's front barrel band and the one used on the Pistolet modèle An XIII was that instead of being pinned into place like the former, it was instead screwed into place and the barrel band was lighter weight; mostly solving the overheating problem the barrel band design caused in the Pistolet modèle 1777/1786. This variant was ultimately made to reduce the cost and simplify the weapon compared to the Pistolet modèle An IX while retaining similar reliability and ease of care as the previous pattern. Over 300,000 pistols were made, mostly between 1806 and 1814 in Charleville, Maubeuge and St-Etienne.
The Pistolet modèle An XIII was designed to equip mounted units, each horseman using two pistols. It was also used by the Navy. Both the An IX and An XIII patterns co-existed for a time after initial introduction, however some of the An IX Pattern Pistols were upgraded to the An XIII standard. An improved version, known as the M1822, was produced after the Napoleonic Wars. They were kept in service well into the 1840s, at which date the pistols still in usage were converted to use percussion caps.

## Sources and references

* ↑ Panot, Louis (1852). "A Treatise on Small Arms". Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal, Part III. London, UK: Colburn & Co.: 277.
* "Le pistolet de 17,1 mm de cavalerie modèle an XIII". Armes Francaises (in French).
# Tom Fairley

Thomas Fairley (12 October 1932 - 16 April 2018) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Sunderland.
# Pizzetta

Pizzetta (pl.: pizzette) is a small pizza that can range in size from a finger food at around eight centimetres (3 in) in diameter to that of a small personal-sized pizza.

## Preparation

Pizzetta is typically prepared in the fashion of larger-sized pizza, using a dough, sauce, cheese, and various toppings. It is sometimes prepared without a sauce. Pizzetta can be prepared using flatbread as a bread base, but puff pastry is also used. Additional herbs and greens can be added after pizzetta has been cooked.

## Service

Pizzetta can be served as an hors d'oeuvre, a snack food and as a light meal. It may be served accompanied with wine to complement the dish.
# Gerson Gusmão

Gerson Luiz Gusmão (born 8 May 1974) is a Brazilian professional football coach and former player who played as a left back. He is the current head coach of Aparecidense.

## Career

Born in Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Gusmão played as a left back during his career. Known as Gerson during his playing days, he represented Pelotas, Blumenau, Novo Hamburgo (three stints), Esporte Clube Palmeirense, Santa Cruz-RS, Glória, Associação Esportiva Sapiranga, São Gabriel and Brasil de Pelotas.
In 2007, one year after retiring, Gusmão returned to Novo Hamburgo and was appointed manager of the under-17 squad. He worked with the under-19s in 2009, being later appointed Paulo Turra's assistant at the main squad; after the manager's dismissal, he acted as an interim.
Gusmão left Noia in 2011, and worked as Itamar Schülle's assistant at Chapecoense and Santo André before returning to the club in 2013. In 2014, he again followed Schülle at Caxias.
In 2015, Gusmão was also working as Schülle's assistant at Operário Ferroviário. On 20 November of that year, he was appointed manager of Novo Hamburgo for the upcoming season.
On 23 March 2016, Gusmão was named manager of Operário Ferroviário. Despite suffering relegation in the year's Campeonato Paranaense, he went on to win the Taça FPF later in the season, and also managed to achieve two consecutive promotions, both as champions.
On 20 October 2020, after more than four years in charge, Gusmão was sacked by Operário. He took over Botafogo-PB on 3 April 2021, before opting to leave the club to manage Remo on 21 June 2022.
Gusmão was sacked by Remo on 16 August 2022, as the club missed out qualification in the 2022 Série C. On 18 April 2023, he was named in charge of Floresta also in the third division.
On 20 June 2023, Floresta announced the departure of Gusmão, with the club announcing his appointment at Caxias. He was led the latter to promotion in the 2023 Série D, but was sacked on 16 February 2024.
On 8 March 2024, Gusmão was appointed head coach of fellow third division side Confiança, but left by mutual consent on 17 June.

## Honours
### Player

Novo Hamburgo
* Campeonato Gaúcho Série A2: 2000
* Copa FGF: 2005

### Manager

Operário Ferroviário
* Campeonato Brasileiro Série C: 2018
* Campeonato Brasileiro Série D: 2017
* Campeonato Paranaense Série A2: 2018
* Taça FPF: 2016
River
* Campeonato Piauiense: 2023
# New York State Route 113

New York State Route 113 (NY 113) is an east–west state highway located southeast of the city of Poughkeepsie in Dutchess County, New York, in the United States. The western terminus of the route is at an interchange with U.S. Route 9 (US 9) in the town of Poughkeepsie. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 376 in the Poughkeepsie hamlet of Red Oaks Mill. NY 113 is known as Spackenkill Road for the majority of its length.
Spackenkill Road was initially maintained by Dutchess County. Jurisdiction of the highway was transferred to the state of New York in 1980, at which time it was designated NY 113. Only minor realignments have occurred since.

## Route description

NY 113 begins at a cloverleaf interchange with US 9 in the Dutchess County town of Poughkeepsie. West of the interchange, NY 113 continues south as Spackenkill Road into the IBM Poughkeepsie main plant.
Just before an intersection with Cedar Avenue (County Route 74 or CR 74), NY 113 passes by Spackenkill High School. The highway continues east through a residential portion of Poughkeepsie to the hamlet of Red Oaks Mill, where NY 113 ends at a junction with NY 376 (New Hackensack Road) and Vassar Road (CR 77).

## History

Spackenkill Road initially followed what is now IBM Road through the interchange with US 9 and into the IBM plant, where it ended at the CR 48 portion of IBM Road. The portion of Spackenkill Road from US 9 to NY 376 was initially maintained by Dutchess County as a county road. On April 1, 1980, ownership and maintenance of this segment of Spackenkill Road was transferred from Dutchess County to the state of New York as part of a larger highway maintenance swap between the two levels of government. The highway was then designated NY 113.
At some point, Spackenkill Road was realigned to follow its pre-interchange routing to US 9, which had been known as Old Spackenkill Road. The IBM Road name, which originally applied only to CR 48, was then extended north along the former Spackenkill Road.

### Previous designation proposal for NY 113

In the 1960s and 1970s, there were talks of building a north-south highway on Long Island between Port Jefferson and Westhampton Beach. As per the 1970 Nassau-Suffolk Regional Planning Board recommendation, the ownership of this route would have been transferred from Suffolk County to NYSDOT, resulting in the route being renamed as New York State Route 113. However, only a small segment was ever constructed, and the route was never transferred to the New York State DOT, resulting in the route maintaining its CR 111 designation.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Dutchess County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Town of Poughkeepsie | 0.00 | 0.00 | Spackenkill Road – IBM | Continuation south |
| Town of Poughkeepsie | 0.00 | 0.00 | US 9 | Interchange |
| Town of Poughkeepsie | 3.18 | 5.12 | NY 376 / CR 77 south – Dutchess County Airport | Northern terminus of CR 77; hamlet of Red Oaks Mill |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||