OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Albrecht

Samuel Reis Albrecht (born 2 September 1981) is a Brazilian sailor who specializes in both two-person dinghy (470) and mixed multihull (Nacra 17) classes. He has been selected to compete for the Brazilian sailing team at the 2008 Summer Olympics, finishing seventeenth along with his partner Fabio Pillar in the 470 regatta. After missing out on the Olympic selection in 2012, Albrecht decided to turn his attention and eventually teamed up with Olympic bronze medalist Isabel Swan on the newly instated Nacra 17 catamaran for a chance to compete at his possible second Games in Rio de Janeiro. As of April 2015, Albrecht is ranked forty-fourth in the world for the mixed multihull class by the International Sailing Federation.
Albrecht competed as a crew member for the Brazilian squad in the men's 470 class at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Leading up to his Games, Albrecht and skipper Fabio Pillar managed to finish the series in a steady twenty-ninth and assure one of the eight available Olympic berths for their fleet at the 470 World Championships in Melbourne, Australia. Throughout the eleven-race series, the Brazilian duo sailed away to a marvelous top ten finish at the very start of the regatta, but a haphazard maneuver on the succeeding leg and a pre-start side penalty on the midway saw them tumble down the leaderboard to seventeenth overall from a fleet of twenty-nine boats, recording a net grade of 139 points.
Having missed the selection for his 2012 Olympic bid in the 470, Albrecht had shifted his immediate focus to the newly instated Nacra 17 catamaran. In 2015, Albrecht and his partner Isabel Swan had put together a solid feat with two best races at the Brazil Cup to secure the place on the host nation's sailing squad for their second Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. Albrecht would return in the Nacra 17 at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Sastrugi

Sastrugi, or zastrugi, are features formed by the erosion of snow by wind. They are found in polar regions, and in snowy, wind-swept areas of temperate regions, such as frozen lakes or mountain ridges. Sastrugi are distinguished by upwind-facing points, resembling anvils, which move downwind as the surface erodes. These points usually lie along ridges parallel to the prevailing wind; they are steep on the windward side and sloping to the leeward side. Smaller irregularities of this type are known as ripples (small, ~10 mm high) or wind ridges.
Large sastrugi are troublesome to skiers and snowboarders. Traveling on the irregular surface of sastrugi can be very tiring and can risk breaking equipment; ripples and waves are often undercut, and the surface is hard and unforgiving, with constant minor topographic changes between ridge and trough.

## Etymology

The words sastrugi and zastrugi are Russian-language plurals; the singular is zastruga. The form sastruga started as the German-language transliteration of the Russian word заструга (plural: заструги).
A Latin-type analogical singular sastrugus is used in various writings on exploration of the South Pole, including Robert Falcon Scott's expedition's diaries and Ernest Shackleton's The Heart of the Antarctic.

## Formation mechanism

Under the action of steady wind, free snow particles accumulate and drift like the sand grains in barchan dunes, and the resulting drifting snow shapes are also popularly referred to as barchans. Inuit of Canada call them kalutoqaniq. When winds slacken, the drifted formations consolidate via sublimation and recrystallization. Subsequent winds erode kalutoqaniq into the sculptured forms of sastrugi. Inuit call large sculpturings kaioqlaq and small ripples tumarinyiq. Further erosion may turn kaioqlaq back into drifting kalutoqaniq. An intermediate stage of erosion is mapsuk, an overhanging shape. On the windward side of a ridge, the base erodes faster than the top, producing a shape like an anvil tip pointing upwind.

## On sea ice

Sastrugi are more likely to form on first-year sea ice than on multiyear ice. First-year ice is smoother than multiyear ice, which allows the wind to pass uniformly over the surface without topographic obstructions. Except during the melt season, snow is dry and light in climates cold enough for sea ice, allowing the snow to be easily blown and create sastrugi parallel to the wind direction. The locations of sastrugi are fixed by March in the northern hemisphere and may be linked to the formation of melt ponds. Melt ponds are more likely to form in the depressions between sastrugi on first-year ice.
# Yin (length)

The Yin (Chinese: 引; pinyin: yǐn) in Mandarin, or jan in Cantonese, is a traditional Chinese unit of length. One yin equals 1/15 of a li, 10 zhang, or 33+1⁄3 m in China.

## Chinese length units promulgated in 1915

Table of Chinese length units promulgated in 1915 :
| Pinyin | Character | Relative value | Metric value | Imperial value | Notes |
| háo | 毫 | 1⁄10000 | 32 μm | 0.00126 in | |
| lí | 釐 (T) or 厘 (S) | 1⁄1000 | 0.32 mm | 0.0126 in | |
| fēn | 分 | 1⁄100 | 3.2 mm | 0.126 in | |
| cùn | 寸 | 1⁄10 | 32 mm | 1.26 in | Chinese inch |
| chǐ | 尺 | 1 | 0.32 m | 12.6 in | Chinese foot |
| bù | 步 | 5 | 1.6 m | 5.2 ft | Chinese pace |
| zhàng | 丈 | 10 | 3.2 m | 3.50 yd | Chinese yard |
| yǐn | 引 | 100 | 32 m | 35.0 yd | |
| lǐ | 里 | 1800 | 576 m | 630 yd | Chinese mile, this li is not the small li above, which has a different character and tone |

## Present law on Chinese length units

This law of length measurement was issued by the Chinese government in 1929, and has been effective since 1 January, 1930. The base unit chi is defined to be 1/3 meter.
Table of Chinese length units effective since 1930 :
| Pinyin | Character | Relative value | Metric value | Imperial value | Notes |
| háo | 毫 | 1⁄10 000 | 33+1⁄3 μm | 0.00131 in | Chinese mil |
| lí | 釐 (T) or 厘 (S) | 1⁄1000 | 1⁄3 mm | 0.0131 in | Chinese calibre |
| fēn | 市分 | 1⁄100 | 3+1⁄3 mm | 0.1312 in | Chinese line |
| cùn | 市寸 | 1⁄10 | 3+1⁄3 cm | 1.312 in | Chinese inch |
| chǐ | 市尺 | 1 | 33+1⁄3 cm | 13.12 in | Chinese foot |
| zhàng | 市丈 | 10 | 3+1⁄3 m | 3.645 yd | Chinese yard |
| yǐn | 引 | 100 | 33+1⁄3 m | 36.45 yd | Chinese chain |
| lǐ | 市里 | 1500 | 500 m | 546.8 yd | Chinese mile, this li is not the small li above, which has a different character and tone |

## Chinese length units in engineering

These units are based on the metric system. The Chinese word for metre is 米 mǐ, which can take the Chinese standard SI prefixes (for "kilo-", "centi-", etc.). In the engineering field, traditional units are rounded up to metric units.
Table of Chinese length units in engineering :
| Pinyin | Character | Relative value | Metric value | Notes |
| hū | 忽 | 1⁄1000000 | 1 μm | Authorized name: 微米 |
| sī | 絲 (T) or 丝 (S) | 1⁄100000 | 10 μm | Authorized name: 忽米 |
| háo | 毫 | 1⁄10000 | 100 μm | Authorized name: 絲米 (T) or 丝米 (S) |
| lí | 釐 (T) or 厘 (S) | 1⁄1000 | 1 mm | Authorized name: 毫米 |
| fēn | 公分 | 1⁄100 | 10 mm | Authorized name: 釐米(T) or 厘米(S) |
| cùn | 公寸 | 1⁄10 | 100 mm | Authorized name: 分米 |
| chǐ | 公尺 | 1 | 1 m | Authorized name: 米 |
| Zhàng | 公丈 | 10 | 10 m | Authorized name: 十米 |
| yǐn | 公引 | 100 | 100 m | Authorized name: 百米 |
| lǐ | 公里 | 1000 | 1000 m | this li is not the small li above, which has a different character and tone |
# (669555) 2012 YQ1

(669555) 2012 YQ$_1$ is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object and a potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 200 meters in diameter. It was first observed on 19 December 2012, by astronomers Andrey Oreshko and Timur Kryachko at the Elena Remote Observatory (G32) located in the Chilean Atacama desert.

## Description

With a 4-day observation arc, the asteroid had a 1 in 3 million chance of impacting in 2106. With a 10-day observation arc, the asteroid had a 1 in 10 million chance of impacting in 2106. On 5 January 2013, the asteroid passed 0.10 AU (15,000,000 km; 9,300,000 mi) from Earth. It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 8 January 2013. It had an observation arc of 32 days and an orbital uncertainty of 7. Since the asteroid had a poorly known orbit, the cone of uncertainty quickly multiplied as a result of perturbations by the inner planets and prevented precise/reliable ephemeris data. Eliminating an entry on the Sentry Risk Table is a negative prediction; a prediction of where it will NOT be. With MPEC 2024-C131 the Minor Planet Center published a newly computed orbit on 12 February 2024, using observations till 12 November 2023 and prediscovery observations from 31 May till 5 June 2010, reducing the uncertainty to 1.

### In the popular press

In 2013, an article, originally posted on The Voice of Russia had a poorly researched headline stating "We have 93 years left till the next End of the World". This story was reposted on Space Daily, but then astronomer Phil Plait clarified that it was "a fascinating mix of fact and error. A lot of what it says is accurate, but the most important claim—that an asteroid will impact Earth in 2106—is simply wrong."
# French Army Special Forces Command

The Army Special Forces Command (French: Commandement des actions spéciales terre (CAST)) regroups the various special operations forces units of the French Army and is the command charged with overseeing them. It is based in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

## History

The CAST is the heir of the Independent Special Grouping (Groupement Spécial Autonome, GSA) created in 1997 and then commanded the 1er RPIMa and a special operations flight belonging to the 4th command and manoeuvre helicopters regiment (4e Régiment d'Hélicoptères de Commandement et de Manœuvre, 4e RHCM) of the ALAT.
In 1998, the Détachement ALAT des Opérations Spéciales (DAOS, ALAT detachment for special operations) was created.
The brigade des forces spéciales Terre (BFST) was activated on 1 July 2002 and included the 13e RDP. The BFST conduct an annual exercise called Gorgones (gorgons) to ensure interoperability of the three units. The name Gorgones refers to the three units, as the three mythological figures.
The BFST has supported the peacekeeping operation in Côte d'Ivoire (Opération Licorne) and Afghanistan (Mission Héraclès).
The brigade des forces spéciales Terre became the commandement des forces spéciales Terre (COM FST, division level) on 1 July 2016. It was replaced by the Special Actions Command Terre as of January 2024.

## Structure

* Army Special Forces Command
** Special Forces Command and Signals Company, in Pau (Compagnie de Commandement et de Transmissions des Forces Spéciales (CCTFS))
** 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment, in Bayonne (1$^{er}$ Régiment de Parachutistes d'Infanterie de Marine (1$^{er}$ RPIMa))
** 13th Paratrooper Dragoons Regiment, in Martignas-sur-Jalle (13$^e$ Régiment de Dragons Parachutistes (13$^e$ RDP))
** 4th Special Forces Helicopter Regiment, in Pau (4$^e$ Régiment d'Hélicoptères des Forces Spéciales (4$^e$ RHFS))
** Special Operations Support Group, in Pau (Groupement d'Appui aux Opérations Spéciales (GAOS))
** Special Forces Academy, in Pau (Académie des Forces Spéciales (Académie FS))
# Christer Björkman

Christer Samuel Björkman (Swedish pronunciation:; born 25 August 1957) is a Swedish singer and television producer. He represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1992 with the song "I morgon är en annan dag". From 2002 to 2021, he served as a producer of Melodifestivalen, and has remained an important figure in the production of Melodifestivalen and the Eurovision Song Contest. He stepped down from this position after Melodifestivalen 2021, and is currently working at Voxovation, a Los Angeles-based company that focuses on expanding the Eurovision Song Contest brand into other markets.

## Biography

Björkman was born in Borås as the son of gaming entrepreneur Ulla Björkman (b. 1939). He never met his father while he was alive. He began working as a hairdresser, and soon had his own hair salon in Borås.
In 1985, Björkman started his entertainment career by recording a song called "Våga och vinn", which was produced by Bruno Glenmark.
Björkman won Melodifestivalen 1992 with "I morgon är en annan dag", and represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 1992. He finished second last, Sweden's worst result at the contest since 1977. He entered Melodifestivalen a second and third time in 1993 with "Välkommen till livet" and 1999 with a song called "Välkommen hem" which finished last among the ten participants.
Alongside Richard Herrey, Björkman founded the Marcel Bezençon Awards in 2002.
From 2002 to 2021, Björkman held the positions of contest producer of Melodifestivalen and Sweden's head of delegation at the Eurovision Song Contest. During his last year as producer in 2021, he also hosted all of the shows.
Björkman was the show producer of the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, following Loreen's victory the year prior. He has acted as a juror at the national selections of other countries, and served as contest producer of the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 in Stockholm following Måns Zelmerlöw's victory the year prior, as well as the 2017, 2018 and 2019 contests. As such, he was responsible for determining the running order of the shows. He returned to the Eurovision Song Contest as contest producer in 2024, when the event was held in Malmö, following Loreen's second win the year prior, and will continue to assume the role for the 2025 contest.
Together with Edward af Sillén, Björkman served as the Swedish commentator for the Eurovision Song Contest 2021.
Björkman served as juror in many national selections for the Eurovision Song Contest and its spin-offs. In 2016, Björkman was chosen to be one of three expert jurors at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016 in Valletta, Malta. In 2018, he was invited as an international juror for Sweden at Destination Eurovision 2018, the French national selection for that year's contest. In 2019, he served as a member of the juries at Eurovision – Australia Decides and Albania's Festivali i Këngës 58. In 2024, he served as judge at the Luxembourg Song Contest.
Björkman was also one of the producers of the American Song Contest in 2022.

## Personal life

Björkman is openly gay, and is married to Martin Kagemark.
# Vergemont, Queensland

Vergemont is a former rural locality in the Longreach Region, Queensland, Australia. It was amalgamated into the locality of Longreach.

## Geography

The locality included the Lochern National Park in its southernmost section.

## History

In the 2016 census, Vergemont had a population of 26 people.
In January 2019, it was decided to reduce the number of localities within Longreach Region by amalgamating the localities to the north and west of the town of Longreach into the locality of Longreach. The localities amalgamated were: Camoola, Chorregon, Ernestina, Maneroo, Morella, Tocal, and Vergemont. As a consequence of this amalgamation, the Longreach Region has just three localities: Longreach, Ilframcombe and Isisford.
# Smolensk electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917)

The Smolensk electoral district (Russian: Смоленский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election.
The electoral district covered the Smolensk Governorate. 2 volost-level lists were barred from participating in the election. List no. 3, endorsed by Smolensk Provincial Council of SR Party and the Smolensk Provincial Congress of Peasants Deputies, was headed by E.K. Breshko-Breshkovskaia and Andrei Argunov. The Socialist-Revolutionary and Menshevik lists formed an electoral bloc. Likewise Lists 2 and 4 formed an electoral bloc.
In Smolensk city, there was a significant Jewish population. However, Jewish parties did not field lists of their own in the constituency and Russian parties did not field Jewish candidates in significant numbers. The Smolensk City Committee of Zionist Organizations endorsed the Popular Socialist list, but without having any candidates of its own on the list. The Socialist-Revolutionary list included the Fareynikte leader Solomon Gurevich. The Menshevik list included Arn Vaynshteyn (a national General Jewish Labour Bund leader) and S.P. Shur (a local Bund leader).
In Smolensk city the Bolshevik list was the most voted, with 11.339 votes (winning the vote in three out of four working-class precincts, as well as the military garrison). The Kadet list got 8,097 votes. The Menshevik and Socialist-Revolutionary lists got a 6,643 votes combined. However, the Menshevik list was the most voted in Precinct 8 (which had a large Jewish population).
The Bolsheviks won some 75% of the vote in the rural Sychevka uezd, obtaining 23,984 out of 32,007 votes cast in the uezd. In the 911 villages in the uezd, there were only 120 Bolshevik party members.

## Results

Smolensk :
| Party | Vote | % | Seats |
| List 7 - Bolsheviks | 361,062 | 54.85 | 6 |
| List 3 - Socialist-Revolutionaries and Soviet of Peasants Deputies | 250,134 | 38.00 | 4 |
| List 1 - Kadets | 29,274 | 4.45 | |
| List 6 - Mensheviks | 7,901 | 1.20 | |
| List 8 - [Orthodox] Parish Non-Party Group | 5,300 | 0.81 | |
| List 4 - Popular Socialists | 2,210 | 0.34 | |
| List 5 - Nationalist Bloc | 1,708 | 0.26 | |
| List 2 - Group Allied with Socialist Parties | 645 | 0.10 | |
| Total: | 658,234 | | 10 |
Deputies Elected :
| Argunov | SR |
| Egorov | SR |
| Kutuzov | SR |
| Podvitsky | SR |
| Bobiński | Bolshevik |
| Ivanov | Bolshevik |
| Leszczyński | Bolshevik |
| Lunacharsky | Bolshevik |
| Pokrovsky | Bolshevik |
| Remizov | Bolshevik |
# Nothing but Your Love Matters

"Nothing but Your Love Matters" is a song written by Larry Gatlin, and recorded by American country music group Larry Gatlin & the Gatlin Brothers. It was released in January 1986 as the second single from the album Smile. The song reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 12 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 9 |
# Walter Beick

Walter Beick (1 October 1883 – 25 March 1933) was a Baltic-Russian ornithologist who explored and studied the birdlife of Tibet and Mongolia. He made large collections of specimens and several species have been described based on his collections and named after him.
Beick was born in Võru, Estonia, which was then a Baltic province of Russia. The son of a lawyer, he went to school at St. Petersburg in the gymnasium of Dr Wiedemann and then at the Eberswalde forestry school. He served in the First World War with the Russian army and was wounded on the German front. He then settled in Russian Turkestan and from 1916 began to make hunting trips from the Ala-tau mountains. His knowledge of the region led to him being chosen to lead a commando expedition against nomadic tribes. In 1917, he moved to Prezewalsk on the shore of Issy-Kul and in 1918 he worked in the forest service in Sepsinsk. He was briefly the director of the Forest School in Werny. In 1920, he was forced to give up all his possessions including his collections to the Bolsheviks and fled to Chinese Turkestan, where he lived by hunting and fishing. In 1925 he was supported for a collection expedition to Ebi Nor by the Berlin Museum under the director Paul Matschie. He travelled to Siningfu in 1927 where he met and travelled with Wilhelm Filchner and then moved on to the South Tetung followed by Koku Nor along with Friedrich Wagner. He then moved to Sining and stayed for two years. He joined Birger Bohlin of the Sino-Swedish Expedition led by Sven Hedin and spent some time in Tsag Nor and was hoping to return to Germany. On the way at Wajan Tori he suffered from a breakdown and in a fit of depression he shot himself. He was buried in the desert with a cross inscribed "Walter Beick, 25 March 1933" at 42° N, 101° 19′ 6″ E.
Subspecies that have been named after him include the following, although not all are now considered valid.
* Dendrocopus major beicki Stresemann, 1927 a subspecies of the great spotted woodpecker
* Prunella rubeculoides beicki Mayr, 1927 a subspecies of the robin accentor
* Phoenicurus schisticeps beicki Stresemann, 1927 a subspecies of the white-throated redstart
* Cinclus cinclus beicki Meise, 1928 a subspecies of the white-throated dipper
* Aegolius funereus beickianus Stresemann, 1928 a subspecies of the boreal owl
* Carpodacus synoicus beicki Stresemann, 1930 a subspecies of the Sinai rosefinch
* Calandrella cheleensis beicki Meise, 1933 a subspecies of the Asian short-toed lark
* Ithaginis cruentus beicki Mayr & Birckhead, 1937 a subspecies called Beick's blood pheasant
* Rhopophilus pekinensis beicki Meise, 1937 a subspecies of the Beijing babbler
* Luscinia calliope beicki Meise, 1937 a subspecies of the Siberian rubythroat
# William Sherrard

William Sherrard (25 August 1872 – 9 October 1895), familiarly known as Beg, was an Irish international footballer who played for Limavady, Glentoran and Cliftonville.
The youngest of 12 children, Sherrard's older brother Joe Sherrard would also play for Ireland.

## Club career

Sherrard began playing football with his local club, Limavady, alongside older brothers Joe and Jack and won the North West Cup on three occasions, scoring twice in five cup final appearances. After playing briefly as a guest for Derry Olympic, Sherrard moved to Glentoran in September 1894, scoring five goals before moving to Cliftonville in November.
Sherrard scored five times for Cliftonville during the remainder of the 1894/95 season, and would also appear in the final of the Belfast Charity Cup for his new side, a match which Cliftonville lost 3–1 to Linfield. He started the following season in good form, scoring six goals before his death in October 1895.

## International career

Sherrard made his Ireland debut against England in the opening match of the 1894–95 British Home Championship, a game Ireland would lose 9–0. He retained his place for the next match, scoring in a 2–2 draw against Wales and also scored the consolation goal in a 3–1 defeat to Scotland.

## Death and funeral

Sherrard died at the age of 23 from influenza whilst staying with his sister, Tilly Oliver, on 9 October 1895. His funeral was reportedly attended by over 2,000 mourners.
# Oswalt Kolle

Oswalt Kolle (2 October 1928 in Kiel – 24 September 2010 in Amsterdam) was a German-Dutch sex educator, who became famous during the late 1960s and early 1970s for his numerous pioneering books and films on human sexuality. His work was translated into all major languages, while his films found an audience of 140 million worldwide. In his 1997 book Open to Both Sides he came out as bisexual.
He was awarded the Magnus Hirschfeld Medal in 2000.
He had lived in the relatively more sexually liberal city of Amsterdam, Netherlands since the 1970s with his three children to escape harassment of his family by conservative German journalists, and was also a Dutch citizen. His wife died in 2000.
# Heinrich Kling

Heinrich Heinz Kling (10 September 1913 – 30 September 1951) was a German Waffen-SS commander during the Nazi era, who served with the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH).

## Biography

Kling graduated from the SS-Junkerschule Bad Tölz in 1938. On November 14, 1939 he joined the 12th SS Totenkopf Standarte in Łódź, which shot a thousand residents of the psychiatric hospital in Owinsk near Poznań. He participated in so called operations against "partisans", which meant the execution of Polish intellectuals and Jews. For his service he was awarded with the Iron Cross 2nd Class and the War Merit Cross with swords. Prior to Operation Barbarossa he came to the Leibstandarte, and commanded its 13th (heavy) company of Tiger I tanks. As an ardent Nazi, Kling was popular among his fellow Waffen-SS soldiers.
Since late November 1943 the SS Panzer Regiment 1 was commanded by Joachim Peiper, of whom Kling was a personal favorite. Peiper consequently made Kling leader of the 2nd Battalion, and nominated him for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Kling received the award on 23 February 1944.
Kling was heavily wounded during Operation Overlord. On 19 March 1945, he was appointed commander of the 501st Heavy SS Panzer Battalion.