OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area

The Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) is an urban conurbation that is composed of some of the largest cities and metropolitan areas by population in the Canadian province of Ontario. The GTHA consists of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and the City of Hamilton. Unlike the Golden Horseshoe, which covers a larger area, the GTHA specifically refers to the urban conurbation of these regions. Despite not being in the conurbation's name, it also includes the City of Oshawa and its sub-metropolitan area. The GTA is Canada's most populous metropolitan area that includes the core City of Toronto and the regional municipalities of Halton, Peel, York, and Durham (which contains Oshawa). The GTHA forms the core of a larger urban agglomeration known as the Golden Horseshoe.
Beginning in the late-2000s, the term "Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area" was introduced by a few public bodies to refer to the GTA and the city of Hamilton as a single entity. The population of the combined area is 7,281,694 as of 2021, and is projected to grow to 8.6 million by 2031. The main series of roadways that connects all the areas together (going from Durham to Hamilton) includes highways 401, 427, 403, and the Queen Elizabeth Way. The GTHA has regional public transport served by GO Transit and local service by multiple agencies, which mostly use the Presto card as fare payment.

## Municipalities and populations

| Census division | Population (2016) | Population (2021) | Change |
| Toronto | 2,731,571 | 2,794,356 | +2.30% |
| Hamilton | 536,917 | 569,353 | +6.04% |
| Halton | 548,435 | 596,637 | +8.79% |
| Peel | 1,381,739 | 1,451,022 | +5.01% |
| York | 1,109,909 | 1,173,334 | +5.71% |
| Durham | 645,862 | 696,992 | +7.92% |
| Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area | 6,954,433 | 7,281,694 | +4.71% |
# Hans Hagen (footballer)

For the computer scientist, see Hans Hagen
Hans Hagen (15 July 1894 – 11 October 1957) was a German international footballer.

## Club career

Twice he was crowned German football champion with SpVgg Fürth in the 1920s.

## International career

Hagen won 12 caps between 1920 and 1930 for the Germany national team.
# Shin Yu-bin

Shin Yu-bin (Korean: 신유빈; born 5 July 2004) is a South Korean table tennis player.

## Career
### 2019

She competed in the 2019 ITTF World Tour Grand Finals in the mixed doubles event with Cho Dae-seong. They were knocked out in the quarterfinals by Xu Xin and Liu Shiwen, 0–3. She also participated in the 2019 Asian Table Tennis Championships in both the women's singles and the mixed doubles, winning against the much higher ranked Cheng I-ching in the round of 32, 3–2, but lost to Feng Tianwei in the round of 16, 0–3 in the women's singles. In the mixed doubles, she competed with Cho Dae-seong. They were knocked out in the quarterfinals by Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha, 1–3. Also in 2019, she won the mixed doubles with Cho Dae-seong in the Czech Open, becoming the youngest person to win a mixed doubles title in the ITTF World Tour at 15 years, 50 days. They won against Jun Mizutani and Mima Ito in the finals, 3–2.

### 2021

Shin was named to the South Korean Olympic team on 4 February 2021. She was 17 at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, making her the youngest ever Korean Olympic table tennis player, breaking a record previously held by Ryu Seung-min.
In March 2021, Shin played in WTT Doha. She lost to eventual semi-finalist Miyuu Kihara in the round of 32 in the first WTT Contender event, but she beat Miyuu Kihara in their second match-up in the round of 64 of the WTT Star Contender. Shin then upset Margaryta Pesotska in the round of 32. Shin also upset Miu Hirano in the round of 16 in an aggressive and dominant win.

### 2023

Shin was selected for the South Korean national Asian Games team in the table tennis event at the 2022 Asian Games, which runs from September 22 to October 2, 2023. On September 22, 2023, she won the first and second rounds of the preliminary round with Seo Hyo-won and Jeon Ji-hee in the women's team preliminary match. On the 24th, the team won the quarterfinals 3–1 against Vietnam. They met Japan in the semifinals and lost 1:3 to end the group match.
Shin Yu-bin also participated in mixed doubles with Im Jong-hoon. He lost to China in the semifinals and won the bronze medal.
Shin and Jeon Ji-hee competed in women's doubles and advanced to the semifinals by winning over Taiwan. The opponent team was Japan, which beat China, the favorite. She lost the first set, but won 4:1 by scoring a down point. The final was the inter-Korean match. She also won the gold medal in the women's table tennis doubles at the Asian Games for the first time in 21 years.

## Singles titles

| Year | Tournament | Final opponent | Score |
| 2022 | WTT Contender Nova Gorica | Xiaoxin Yang | 4–3 |
| 2023 | WTT Contender Lagos | Li Yake | 4–2 |
| 2023 | WTT Contender Lima | Bernadette Szőcs | 4–1 |
# Hama offensive

The Hama offensive may refer to a number of offensives launched by either armed Syrian opposition forces toward city of Hama or by Syrian government forces against rebels north of Hama throughout the Syrian civil war.
* Hama Governorate clashes (2011–12)
* 2012 Hama offensive
* 2013 Hama offensive
* 2014 Hama offensive
* 2015 Hama offensive
* 2016 Hama offensive
* Hama offensive (March–April 2017)
* Hama offensive (September 2017)
* Northeastern Hama offensive (2017)
* 2018 Hama offensive
* Northwestern Syria offensive (April-August 2019)
* 2024 Hama offensive
# Water Forest Press Publishing

Water Forest Press is an independent book publisher located in rural Pennsylvania. It was created as an imprint of magazine publisher Skyline Publications but moved to book publishing when Skyline shut down.

## History

Water Forest Press was created by Victoria Valentine, as an imprint of Skyline Publications. Skyline Publications produced print magazines that were retired in 2004. Water Forest Press replaced Skyline Magazines with Skyline Review, Literary House Review & Hudson View Poetry Digest books. Skyline Publications published monthly literary magazines that were distributed nationwide in stores, libraries, universities and homes, with a readership of approximately 10,000 per issue. "A Tribute To America" issue (dedicated to 9/11) was reprinted three times. All proceeds from the Tribute Issue were donated to local fire houses to purchase needed equipment.
Water Forest Press is now a small, specialty publisher, designing and producing poetry collections, short-story collections and multi-genre fiction and non-fiction trade paperback books. The press annually nominates writers & poets from each publication for Pushcart Prize Best of the Small Presses. Water Forest Press volumes are archived in the New York Public Library, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, University of Wisconsin–Madison Library, Brown University Rockefeller Library and UC Berkeley Library. Water Forest Press Books at Oslo Norway Writer's Conference 2008.
Water Forest Press, under Skyline Online imprint, encourages and promotes young poets on "Street Speakers" Teen Ink.

## Publications and authors

* Quarterly Hudson View Poetry Digest
* Annual Skyline Review
* Annual Literary House Review

### Authors & poets published

* Orania Hamilton
* Jan Oskar Hansen
* Alan D. Bush
* Vic Fortezza
* Douglas H. Maloney
* Merlina Davis
* Noah Wereham
* Adam Donaldson Powell

### Featured artists

* Matt Hughes Gallery
* Maria Zeldis
* Henri Peter
* Amanda Tucker
* Riki R. Nelson Gallery
* Michael Aanji Crowley Imagery
# Cola Debrot

Nicolaas (Cola) Debrot (4 May 1902 – 3 December 1981) was a writer, lawyer, medical doctor and politician.

## Biography

Debrot was born in Kralendijk, the son of a plantation owner. In 1904, he moved from Bonaire to Curaçao, and then when he was 14 he moved to the Netherlands to attend school. He went to secondary school, and later to Utrecht University in the Netherlands, studying law and later medicine, where he also started his literary career. His debut, Mijn zuster de negerin (1935) is his best known. In the late 1940s, he returned to the Antilles and lived on Curaçao, where he established the foundations of Dutch-Antillian literature.
Debrot was also active as a politician. In 1952, Debrot became the Minister Plenipotentiary of the Netherlands Antilles and played a major role in reshaping the relationship between the Netherlands, the Antilles and Suriname. From 1962 to 1970, Debrot served as Governor of the Netherlands Antilles, the first to be born on one of the islands. In 1970, he retired to the Netherlands to dedicate his time to writing. He died in Amsterdam.

## Cola Debrot Prize

In 1968, the Government of Curaçao, decided to institute a yearly cultural award. The award was named after Cola Debrot. The annual prize can be awarded for either music, literature or science.

## Cola Debrot Lectures

In 2008, the Werkgroep Caraïbische Letteren, an independent group within the Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde, which aims to promote and assist Caribbean literature, initiated the annual Cola Debrot lectures in Amsterdam. The first lecture was given by the Nobel Prize winning author Derek Walcott.
# Wired UK

Wired UK is a bimonthly magazine that reports on the effects of science and technology. It covers a broad range of topics including design, architecture, culture, the economy, politics and philosophy. Owned by Condé Nast Publications, it is published in London and is an offshoot of the original American Wired.

## History
### Earlier version (mid–1990s)

The magazine's current incarnation follows an earlier attempt at a British edition of Wired which ran from April 1995 until March 1997. It was initially created as a joint venture with the Guardian Media Group and Wired US's then owners, Wired Ventures, but that incarnation lasted only three or four issues, due to a culture clash between the two parties and low sales figures of 25,000 per month. Wired Ventures then ran the UK edition alone, with an almost entirely new staff, until the magazine was closed with the March 1997 issue, when sales were at 40,000 magazines per month.

### Current version (2009–present)

The current version of the magazine was launched in April 2009, and was the second international version of Wired, after the launch of Wired Italia in March 2009. In November 2009, the British Society of Magazine Editors awarded Launch of the Year to former Wired editor David Rowan. During the same year, Albert Read was announced as publishing director of Wired UK. Wired's former deputy editor, Greg Williams took over from Rowan as editor in January 2017. Michael Rundle (formerly of Huffington Post UK) took over from Nate Lanxon as editor for WIRED.co.uk in March 2015. The current website editor is James Temperton.
In 2011, 2014, and 2015 Wired UK was named as the magazine of the year by the Digital Magazine Awards.

## Wired conference

Wired UK, together with Telefonica, held a two-day event on 25–26 October 2012 at The Brewery in London. The conference was designed to "explore the ideas, innovations and people that are reshaping our world". Among its speakers were David Karp, founder of microblogging platform Tumblr, and Mona Eltahawy, an Egyptian-American freelance journalist and commentator.
Wired 2011, hosted between 13–14 October at the St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel, included guest speakers Joanna Shields, Managing Director and Vice President of Facebook EMEA, and Gil Hirsch, founder of Face.com.
Wired 2015, hosted at Tobacco Dock between 15–16 October, includes MIT Media Lab's Alex Pentland, René Redzepi, an owner and head chef at Noma restaurant, data-visualisation historian Max Roser, journalist Gillian Tett, and North Korean defector Hyeonseo Lee.
# Ash Pollard

Ashley Pollard (born 1986) is an Australian cook, author, television and radio personality who came to public attention when she appeared on reality cooking show My Kitchen Rules in 2015.

## Early life and education

Pollard describes her childhood as "privileged". She grew up on the Gold Coast, where she attended All Saints Anglican School, graduating in 2003. She also attended Paradise Performers, a dance school based on the Gold Coast, all throughout her childhood until she was in grade 11.
She then studied and graduated from the Actors Centre Australia in 2008. She subsequently worked in event management.

## Career

Pollard first appeared on the 2015 season of My Kitchen Rules where she and her cooking partner, Camilla, finished fourth.
In 2015, Pollard appeared on Dancing with the Stars where she and her dance partner finished third.
She has also worked with Channel 7's website, Yahoo7 Be, presenting videos of various recipes. In late July 2017, she began writing 12 weekly blogs for Yahoo7 Be, sharing advice on how to deal with life's trickiest situations, everything from job interviews, to dealing with an ex.
Pollard appeared in the 2017 season of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. Her nominated charity was Beyond Blue. She stated she chose this charity because her mother's brother committed suicide. She was evicted on 7 March 2017, after lasting 40 days in camp and finishing in seventh place.
Pollard was a regular guest host on 2GB radio show, Nights with Steve Price, which she began in April 2017. Her segment with Price was called "Thursday Food with Ash Pollard", and she and Price spend each Thursday discussing cooking tips and all things food related. She finished this role in December that year.
Pollard released her first e-book on 9 July 2017, a cookbook entitled Eat Me, which she describes as a compilation of her go-to recipes at home.
In December 2017, it was announced that Pollard would be relocating to the Central Coast, NSW to join Sea FM for breakfast radio alongside Daniel Gawned. She began this role on 22 January 2018. Their show runs 5am-9am on weekdays.
In 2023, Pollard competed in the second series of The Traitors and was chosen as a Traitor. However, she was banished by her fellow competitors and was eliminated in the third episode.

## Personal life

Pollard has misophonia. She fosters animals, especially dogs, through the RSPCA.
# Karin Adelmund

Karin Yvonne Irene Jansen Adelmund (Dutch pronunciation:; 18 March 1949 – 21 October 2005) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader.

## Early life and education

Karin Yvonne Irene Jansen Adelmund was born on 18 March 1949 in Rotterdam in the Netherlands. She was the daughter of Fritz Jansen Adelmund and Anna van der Hoven. She had two brothers and three sisters.
She went to Protestant primary and secondary schools in Rotterdam. She then studied at the Public Social Academy (1968–1972) in Rotterdam and she studied social sciences at the University of Amsterdam (1972–1979) in Amsterdam.

## Career

Adelmund was a member of the Dutch Labour Party (PvdA). She was a member of the Dutch House of Representatives (1994–1998), chairwoman of the Labour Party (1997–1998), State Secretary of Education, Culture and Science (1998–2002), and again member of the House of Representatives (2002–2005) until her death. She died on 21 October 2005, at the age 56, in Amsterdam.
# Latvia at the 1928 Summer Olympics

Latvia competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. 17 competitors, 15 men and 2 women, took part in 14 events in 6 sports.

## Athletics
### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Staņislavs Petkēvičs | 5000 m | 15:03.0 | 3 Q | Unknown | 7 |
| Staņislavs Petkēvičs | 10000 m | n/a | n/a | Unknown | 15 |
| Artūrs Motmillers | Marathon | n/a | n/a | 2:56:45 | 38 |
| Vilis Cimmermanis | Marathon | n/a | n/a | did not finish | did not finish |

### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Jānis Jordāns | Discus | 42.78 | 12 | did not advance | did not advance |

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi final | Semi final | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Zinaīda Liepiņa | 5000 m | Unknown | 3 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Elfrīda Karlsone | Discus | 30.60 | 14 | did not advance | did not advance |

## Cycling

Five cyclists, all men, represented Latvia in 1928.

### Track cycling

Ranks given are within the heat.
| Cyclist | Event | First round | First round | First repechage | First repechage | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Cyclist | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Roberts Plūme | Sprint | Unknown | 3 r | Unknown | 3 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Roberts Ozols Zenons Popovs Ernests Mālers Fridrihs Ukstiņš | Team pursuit | Unknown | 2 | N/A | N/A | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

## Sailing

| Sailor | Event | Final | Final |
| Sailor | Event | Points | Rank |
| Kurts Klāsens | 12' Dinghy | 23 | 11 |

## Weightlifting

| Athlete | Event | Press | Snatch | Clean & Jerk | Total | Rank |
| Kārlis Leilands | Men's +82.5 kg | 110.0 | 105.0 | 140.0 | 355.0 | 4 |

## Wrestling
### Men's

| Athlete | Event | Round 1 | Round 2 | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank |
| Kārlis Pētersons | Light heavyweight | Szalay (HUN) L | Juhasz (YUG) W | Pellinen (FIN) L | did not advance | did not advance | 8T |
| Alberts Zvejnieks | Heavyweight | Wiesberger, Sr. (AUT) L | Briola (ARG) W | Badó (HUN) L | did not advance | did not advance | 9T |

## Art competitions

Latvia had two competitors in the Art competitions, Friedrich Baur, (mixed paintings, drawings and water colours), and Konstantīns Visotskis (mixed paintings, paintings).
# Athina Papayianni

Athina Papayianni (also Papagianni, Greek: Αθηνά Παπαγιάννη, born 18 August 1980) is a Greek race walker. She was sixth at the 2005 World Championships in Athletics in Helsinki.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Greece ||||||
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 11th | 20 km | 1:33:14 |
| 2001 | European U23 Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 6th | 20 km | 1:33:37 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Alberta | 11th | 20 km | 1:34:56 20 km | 1:37:21 |
| 2002 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 11th | 20 km | 1:31:45 SB |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | 10th | 20 km | 1:30:37 |
| 2005 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 6th | 20 km | 1:29:21 SB |
# Senate (Equatorial Guinea)

The Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of Equatorial Guinea.

## History

The Senate was established following constitutional reforms approved in a referendum in 2011 and enacted in February 2012. The first elections were held in May 2013.

## Presidents of the Senate

| Name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| Teresa Efua Asangono | 12 July 2013 | Incumbent | |

## Membership

The Senate has 70 members, of which 55 are elected and 15 are appointed by the President.
# Tan Fuying

Tan Fuying (15 October 1906 – 22 March 1977) was a Peking opera singer.

## Life

Tan was best known for his "old man" roles (老生, lǎoshēng) and was considered one of Peking Opera's "Four Great Beards" (t 四大鬚生, s 四大须生, p Sì Dà Xūshēng), along with Ma Lianliang, Yang Baosen, and Xi Xiaobo. He served as a mentor to Li Yuru.
# Toralf Arndt

Toralf Arndt, also known as Thoralf Arndt (born 8 November 1966) is a former professional German footballer.
Arndt made 23 appearances in the 2. Bundesliga for FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt during his playing career.
# Anisodactylus harpaloides

Anisodactylus harpaloides is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Balsidanga

Balsidanga is a village in Bhatar, a community development block in Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Demographics

The area was 303.52 hectares and the population 1,340 in 2011.
| Particulars | Total | Male | Female |
| Total no. of houses | 301 | - | - |
| Population | 1,340 | 701 | 639 |
| Child (0–6) | 138 | 79 | 59 |
| Schedule Caste | 413 | 216 | 197 |
| Schedule Tribe | 6 | 3 | 3 |
| Literacy | 74.54 % | 82.32 % | 66.21 % |
# Out of the Shadow (1961 film)

Out of the Shadow (also known as Murder on the Campus) is a 1961 British thriller film directed and written by Michael Winner and starring Terence Longdon, Donald Gray, Diane Clare, Robertson Hare and Dermot Walsh.

## Plot

Reporter Mark Kingston is informed that his brother, a student at Cambridge University, has committed suicide, but he is not convinced. The police dismiss his suspicions, so he begins his own investigation with the help of Mary Johnson, whose father, a professor, has gone missing.

## Cast

* Terence Longdon as Mark Kingston
* Diane Clare as Mary Johnson
* Donald Gray as Inspector Wills
* Robertson Hare as Ronald Fortescue
* Dermot Walsh as Professor Taylor
* Felicity Young as waitress (Jill)
* Douglas Muir as Sergeant Willoughby
* Mark Eden as Police Constable
* Harold Siddons as newspaper editor
* Jill Hyem as Joy Clark

## Cricital reception

The reviewer for Kine Weekly wrote: "The tale is a bit involved but the characters, adequately portrayed, are briskly shuffled, its light relief is apt, the romantic asides are agreeable, and it ends on a lively, if hardly unexpected, note. What’s more, the backgrounds are authentic. Safe quota 'second'."
The Monthly Film Bulletin said: "A not uninteresting plot, if perhaps too liberally loaded with red herrings, and the Cambridge settings are the best features in an otherwise shoddily-made and -played second feature."

## DVD release

The film was released, as Murder on the Campus, on DVD in the UK in October 2013, in a two-film collection with the thriller Final Appointment (1954).