OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ZDPSR Soła

ZDPSR „Soła” – A deployable radar station manufactured by PIT-Radwar S.A., installed on the Żubr-P armored vehicle. A three-dimensional station equipped with a passive electronic scanning antenna (PESA). Used in short-range (SHORAD) and very short-range (VSHORAD) air defense systems. It has Counter Rocket, Artillery, and Mortar capabilities.

## Description

The deployable Radar Station ZDPSR Soła is designed to control the airspace, detect and track the paths of objects detected in a given area. The output data from the radar contains full information about the detected object, including three coordinates of position, speed, course and classification of helicopters as a separate category of targets.
In addition to typical air targets, the radar detects unmanned aerial vehicles and mortar shells. Its main application is in the air defense systems of the land forces to protect troop columns, groups and objects of special importance. SOŁA can operate autonomously, as well as in the air defense system. In OPL modes (ABT-50, ABT-25) direct cooperation with the Łowcza/Rega system is possible.
ZDPSR Soła also indicates targets for batteries and individual SPZR Poprad sets as part of the VSHORAD anti-aircraft defense.

## Service history

In 2013, a contract worth PLN 150.7 million was signed for the delivery of 8 radar stations for the Polish Army. The contract was implemented in 2014–2015.
In April 2022, the first two Common Anti-Air Modular Missile system batteries were purchased as part of the "Narew" program. Each battery includes one ZDPSR Soła. Deliveries of the first battery with a radar station are scheduled for September 2022, and the second set for the turn of 2022 and 2023.

## Specifications

* Transmitting beam: electronically controlled in the elevation plane
* Receiving beams: digitally formed beams electronically controlled in the elevation plane
* Rotation speed: 60 / 30 rpm
* IFF: MARK XII/ MARK XIIA, mod. S

## Operators

* 4th Zielona Góra Anti-Aircraft Regiment
* 8th Koszalin Anti-Aircraft Regiment
* 15th Gołdap Anti-Aircraft Regiment
* 10th Armored Cavalry Brigade
* 17th Greater Poland Mechanized Brigade
* 12th Mechanized Brigade
* 21st Podhale Rifle Brigade
* Air Force Training Center
# Mesplès

Mesplès or Mesples is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Denis Mesples (born 1963), French equestrian
* Paul-Eugène Mesplès (1849–1924), French painter and musician
* Pierre Toussaint Marcel de Serres de Mesplès (1780–1862), French caver, geologist and naturalist
# List of botanical gardens in China

This List of botanical gardens and arboretums in China is intended to include all significant botanical gardens and arboretums in China. Botanical gardens in China have collections consisting entirely of China native and endemic species; most have a collection that include plants from around the world. There are botanical gardens and arboreta in all provincial-level administration of China, most are administered by local governments, some are privately owned.
* China National Botanical Garden, Haidian District, Beijing
* South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou
* Qinling National Botanical Garden, Zhouzhi County, Xi'an, Shaanxi
* Xi'an Botanical Garden, Qujiang New District, Xi'an, Shaanxi
* Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens
* Shenyang Botanical Garden, Liaoning
* Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, Jiangsu
* Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan
* Lijiang High-Alpine Botanical Garden, Yunnan
* Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei
* Lushan Botanical Garden, Mount Lu, Jiujiang, Jiangxi
* Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai
* Lanzhou Botanical Garden, Lanzhou
* Ruili Botanical Garden, Yunnan
* Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen, Guangdong
* The Plum Garden, Lake Tai, Jiangsu
* Coloane Arboretum, Macau
* Xiamen Botanical Gardens, Fujian
# Roberto Pinheiro

Roberto Pinheiro da Silva (born January 9, 1983, in Parnamirim) is a Brazilian cyclist, who currently rides for club team UniFunvic–Pindamonhangaba. In April 2018, he was suspended from the sport for four years, following irregularities with his biological passport.

## Major results
### 2005

    9th Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2007

    2nd Road race, National Road Championships
    7th Overall Volta do Paraná
    10th Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho

### 2008

    7th Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho

### 2009

    4th Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2010

    Vuelta del Uruguay
       1st Stages 5 & 9
    Volta Ciclística Internacional do Rio Grande do Sul
       1st Stages 4 & 5
    5th Overall Giro do Interior de São Paulo

### 2011

    1st Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho
    Tour do Brasil
       1st Points classification
       1st Stages 4, 6 & 8
    1st Stage 4 Volta Ciclística Internacional do Rio Grande do Sul
    2nd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2012

    1st Stage 5 Tour do Rio
    2nd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2013

    4th Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2014

    2nd Road race, National Road Championships

### 2015

    Volta Ciclística Internacional do Rio Grande do Sul
       1st Points classification
       1st Stage 1

### 2016

    3rd Road race, National Road Championships

### 2017

    1st Stage 3b (TTT) Vuelta del Uruguay

### 2018

    1st Stage 2a (TTT) Vuelta del Uruguay

### 2024

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
# C Czarnikow Ltd v Koufos

C Czarnikow Ltd v Koufos or The Heron II [1969] 1 AC 350 is an English contract law case, concerning remoteness of damage. The House of Lords held that the "remoteness" test, as a limit to liability, is, in contract, more restrictive than it is in tort.

## Facts

Koufos chartered a ship (the Heron II) from Czarnikow to bring 3,000 tons of sugar to Basra. It was nine days late. The sugar price had dropped from £32 10s to £31 2s 9d. Koufos claimed the difference in the loss of profit. Czarnikow knew there was a sugar market, but not that Koufos intended to sell it straight away.

## Judgment

The House of Lords held that the loss was not too remote. They stated that the test for remoteness in contract is narrower than it is in tort. While in tort any damage of a type which is reasonably foreseeable can be claimed, Lord Reid ruled that, in contract, the defendant must ought to have realised that the loss was 'not unlikely to result from the breach of contract'. A higher degree of probability is needed for the loss to be in the contemplation of the parties. Lord Reid disapproved of Asquith LJ’s judgment in Victoria Laundry v Newman in that the term "foreseeability" was employed. He emphasised that he would use the words ‘not unlikely’ as denoting a degree of probability considerably less than an even chance but nevertheless not very unusual and easily foreseeable. He emphasised that the tests in tort and contract were very different, on the basis that where there is a contract the parties will have had the opportunity to apportion their liabilities already. Therefore, the test for remoteness should be less generous than in tort, where consequential losses must be very remote to preclude compensation.
Lord Morris, Lord Hodson, Lord Pearce and Lord Upjohn were generally approving of Asquith LJ’s language.
# James A. Walsh (Medal of Honor)

James Aloysius Walsh (July 24, 1897 – May 29, 1960) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his role in the occupation of Veracruz. Only 16 at the time of his actions, he was possibly the youngest recipient of the Medal in the 20th century.
A native of New York City, Walsh joined the Navy from there and by April 21, 1914, was serving as a seaman on the USS Florida (BB-30). On that day and the next, he participated in the capture of the Mexican port city of Veracruz. For his "extraordinary heroism" during the battle, he was awarded the Medal of Honor two months later, on June 15.
Walsh reached the commissioned officer rank of lieutenant before leaving the Navy. He died at age 62 and was buried at Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York.

## Medal of Honor citation

* Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy.
* Born: 24 July 1897 New York, N.Y.
* Entered service at: New York, N.Y.
* G.O. No.: 101, 15 June 1914.
Citation:
   On board the U.S.S. Florida; for extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession during the seizure of Vera Cruz Mexico, 21 and 22 April 1914.
# Joan London

Joan London may refer to:
* Joan London (Australian author) (born 1948), Australian fiction author
* Joan London (American writer) (1901–1971), California author and daughter of Jack London
# Providence Holy Cross Medical Center

Providence Holy Cross Medical Center is a hospital in the Mission Hills district of Los Angeles, California, US. The hospital has 377 beds, and is part of Providence Health & Services.

## History

Holy Cross Medical Center was founded in 1961 by the Sisters of the Holy Cross from Notre Dame, Indiana. On May 1, 1996, the Sisters of Providence assumed sponsorship of the hospital, adding Providence to the name. On November 14, 2019, two victims of the Saugus High School shooting were transported to the hospital.

## Services

Providence Holy Cross Medical Center has operated a trauma center since 1984. The hospital also operates Providence Holy Cross Health Center in Valencia and Providence Holy Cross Health Center in Porter Ranch.
# Horst Haug

Horst Haug (born 12 May 1946) is a retired German football player. He spent six seasons in the Bundesliga with VfB Stuttgart. The best league finish he achieved was fifth place.
# KJNY

KJNY (99.1 FM) is a commercial radio station in Ferndale, California, broadcasting to the Eureka, California, area. It airs a Mainstream Top 40/CHR format billed as "99-1 KISS-FM." Prior to that, it partially aired a country music format as Jenny 99.1 until it adopted the "KISS" branding and went Top 40 full-time on April 8, 2011.
# Daniel Marsh (disambiguation)

Daniel Marsh is an Australian cricketer.
Daniel or Dan Marsh may also refer to:
* Daniel Webster Marsh (1838–1916), Canadian politician
* Dan Marsh (born 1956), American former professional wrestler
* Daniel L. Marsh (1880–1968), president of Boston University
* Daniel G. Marsh (born 1937), American politician in the state of Washington
* Daniel Marsh (Massachusetts politician), representative to the Great and General Court
* Dan Marsh (curler), Canadian curler
* Daniel William Marsh (born 1997), American murderer and perpetrator of the murders of Claudia Maupin and Oliver Northup
# Agra Municipal Corporation

Agra Municipal Corporation or Agra Nagar Nigam is the Municipal Corporation responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city of Agra in India. The organization is also known as AMC or ANN. This civic administrative body administers the city's cleanliness and other public services like public health and parks. The head of the AMC is the mayor.
The AMC is responsible for public education, correctional institutions, libraries, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, local planning and welfare services. The mayor and councillors are elected to five-year terms.

## List of mayors

| Year | Member | Winning Party | Votes | Winning Margin | Runner-up Party |
| 2006 | Anjula Singh Mahaur | Bharatiya Janata Party | 1,36,637 | 26,335 | Independent |
| 2012 | Inderjeet Singh Arya | Bharatiya Janata Party | 1,35,647 | 12,434 | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2017 | Naveen Kumar Jain | Bharatiya Janata Party | 2,17,881 | 74,000 | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2023 | Hemalata Diwakar | Bharatiya Janata Party | 2,67,925 | – | Bahujan Samaj Party |

## Some of the key projects

* Solar City Plan for Agra
* Nala Safai Project
* Metro Rail in Agra
* Agra Lucknow Expressway
* Night Markets in Agra
# Rye Castle

Rye Castle, also known as Ypres Tower, was built in the 13th or 14th centuries, and is situated in Rye, East Sussex, England. It is a Grade I listed building and has been scheduled as an ancient monument.

## History

The exact date of construction is unclear although the possibility of creating a castle at Rye was mentioned in documents of 1226 and 1249. In 1329 Murage was applied for and works carried out during the 14th century before and after attacks by the French. Rye became one of the Cinque Ports and was involved in both defence and trade. It was originally called "Baddings Tower".
During King Henry VIII's Device Fort programme, an artillery battery, known as the Gun Garden, was constructed adjacent to the castle overlooking the harbour. It was rearmed at the time of the Spanish Armada of 1588, and again during the 18th century wars with France. In 1830, it was still in active service with 18 guns.
The castle may have been used as a prison and in 1430 became the property of John de Iprys; which lead to the name Ypres Tower. In the 16th century it was used as a prison and courthouse with a full-time gaoler being appointed in 1796. An exercise yard was added and then a women's prison in 1837. The prison function continued until 1891. It then became the town's morgue.
The tower was damaged during air raids in World War II but has been repaired and restored since then.

## Architecture

The three-storey castle is of iron-stained sandstone. It has a square plan with a round towers at each corner. The door in the north side is protected by a portcullis.

## Rye Castle Museum

Ypres Tower is one of two sites of Rye Castle Museum and is a grade I listed building. Exhibits in the tower include locally-made medieval pottery, an embroidery depicting many aspects of Rye life and history, medieval artifacts, activities and town maps.
The East Street Site, a former brewer's bottling factory, is the main exhibit area for the Rye Castle Museum. Opened in 1999, the local history exhibits include fire fighting equipment, trade changes caused by the sea's retreat, maritime history and shipbuilding, antique toys and games, photos, town seals, and archaeological artifacts.
# Fergana electoral district (Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917)

Fergana electoral district (Russian: ферганский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election. The electoral district covered the Fergana Oblast. Two lists were in the fray in Fergana; List 1 - Muinul Islam Society and List 2 - All-Fergana List of Deputies of Muslim Organizations. Spirin (1987) indicates that List 2 had links to the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. In the autumn of 1917, a meeting of the Muslim National Committee and the Musavat Party had decided to field Mammad Amin Rasulzadeh as their candidate in Fergana.
The results in the table below are based on data from Soviet historian L. M. Spirin. U.S. historian Oliver Henry Radkey rejected these results as unreliable.

## Results

Fergana :
| Party | Vote | % |
| List 1 - Muinil Islam Society | 76,849 | 49.86 |
| List 2 - All Fergana List of Soviet of Deputies of Muslim Organizations | 77,282 | 50.14 |
| Total: | 154,131 |
Deputies Elected :
| Khodzhaev | Muinil Islam Society |
| Tyuryayev | Muinil Islam Society |
| Akaev | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Chaykin | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Shokay | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Mirza-Akhmedov | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Shagiakhmetov | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Shashahmedov | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Urazaev | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Yuldash-Kariev | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
| Yurgul-Agayev | All-Fergana List of Muslim Organizations |
# Edwina Stewart

Edwina Stewart (11 May 1934 – 29 May 2020) was a Northern Irish communist and civil-rights activist.

## Biography

Edwina Stewart was born 11 May 1934 in East Belfast to Sadie and Eddie Menzies. She had four sisters. While her family was of the Protestant community her parents were atheists and founders of the Communist Party of Ireland. Stewart attended Stranmillis Teacher Training College where she became a teacher, going on to work in both Ashfield Girls’ School and Comber High School. Stewart founded the Communist Youth League and attended the World Youth Festival in Moscow in 1957. Stewart was elected secretary of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and held the role from 1969 until 1977.
Stewart gave up her job when she was reported to have been one of the speakers in Derry on Bloody Sunday. Other speakers that day were Máire Drumm and Bernadette Devlin. Pressure from groups such as Ulster Vanguard forced her to leave. There were protests by students and she was boycotted by the other teachers. Death threats were published in a local newspaper. Stewart was one of the witnesses at the Saville Inquiry looking into the events of Bloody Sunday.
In 1971 Stewart became National Treasurer of the Communist Party of Ireland and was a member of the National Executive. She was also part of the National Women’s Committee. The CPI was the first political party in Ireland to adopt the policy of a woman's right to choose. Among her political activities, Stewart was active in various anti-nuclear protests, helping organise meetings with the Greenham Common women in Belfast. She also opposed the Vietnam war and was active in the Irish anti-Apartheid movement.

## Personal life

Stewart married history and art teacher Jimmy Stewart from Ballymena. The couple had two daughters Helen and Moya.

## External sources

* Hyndman Marilyn (1996) Further Afield Journeys from a Protestant past. Beyond the Pale.
* Pollock Andy (19.2.1997) Voices of the Protestant left. Irish Times
* Ward Margaret (Ed) (2011) Celebrating Belfast Women: a city guide through women’s eyes. Women’s Resource and Development Agency.

## Sources

* 1 2 3 4 "Edwina Stewart - A Century Of Women". cms.acenturyofwomen.com.
* 1 2 3 4 "Obituary: Edwina Stewart, communist and civil rights activist". Morning Star. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2025.
* 1 2 Grogan, Dick (13 June 2001). "NICRA leader tells of facing jobs bias". The Irish Times. Retrieved 13 January 2025.
* 1 2 McConville, Marie Louise (3 June 2020). "Former NICRA Secretary Edwina Stewart made 'immense contribution to the greatest cause of human kind'". The Irish News. Retrieved 13 January 2025.
* ↑ Bowers, Joe. "Edwina Stewart". Communist Party of Ireland. Retrieved 13 January 2025.
# Surveyor of the King's Pictures

The office of the Surveyor of the King's/Queen's Pictures, in the Royal Collection Department of the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom, is responsible for the care and maintenance of the royal collection of pictures owned by the Sovereign in an official capacity – as distinct from those owned privately and displayed at Sandringham House and Balmoral Castle and elsewhere. The office has only been full-time since 1972. It now operates in a professional capacity with a staff of a dozen people.
Although the office dates from 1625, during the reign of Charles I (a noted art connoisseur), there has always been someone responsible for pictures in the Royal Household. Notable recent office-holders have included Sir Lionel Cust (1901–1927), Sir Kenneth Clark (1934–1944), Professor Anthony Blunt (1945–1972), one of the infamous Cambridge Five Soviet spies, and Sir Oliver Millar (1972–1988). The current surveyor is Anna Reynolds, MVO, who was appointed in December 2023. She is the first woman to hold the position.
The previous surveyor was Desmond Shawe-Taylor, who held the post from 2005 to 2020. The post of Surveyor of the King's Pictures was in abeyance until 3 December 2023.

## List of Surveyors of the King's/Queen's Pictures

* Abraham van der Doort 1625–1640
* George Geldorp 1660–
* Thomas Chiffinch 1660–1666
* William Chiffinch 1666–1688
* Gerrit van Uylenburgh 1676–1679
* Parry Walton 1679–1690 (officially to 1701)
* Henry Norris 1682–
* Frederick Sonnius 1690–1701
* Peter Walton c.1690–1745 (officially from 1701)
* Stephen Slaughter 1745–1765
* George Knapton 1765–1778
* Richard Dalton 1778–1791
* Benjamin West RA 1791–1820
* William Seguier 1820–1843
* Sir Augustus Wall Callcott RA 1843–1844
* Thomas Uwins RA 1844–1856
* Richard Redgrave RA 1856–1880
* Sir John Charles Robinson CB FSA 1880–1901
* Sir Lionel Cust FSA 1901–1927
* C. H. Collins Baker CVO 1928–1934
* Sir Kenneth Clark KCB FBA 1934–1944
* Anthony Blunt FSA FBA 1945–1973 – formerly Sir Anthony Blunt KCVO, until he was stripped of his titles after being exposed as a former Soviet spy.
* Sir Oliver Millar GCVO FSA FBA 1972–1988
* Christopher Lloyd, CVO 1988–2005
* Desmond Shawe-Taylor CVO 2005–2020
* Anna Reynolds MVO 2023–
# Charak Puja

Charak Puja or Pachamara Mela (also known as Chadak, Nil Puja or Hajrha Puja) is part of the Hindu folk festival of Gajan, held in honor of the deity Shiva or Dharmathakur. The Gajan festival includes numerous forms of austerities like walking on hot coals or piercing the body with metal rods; Charak refers to the practice of hook-swinging which generally is the last penance performed during the festival.
Gajan and Charak Puja is primarily practiced in the Indian state of West Bengal and in Bangladesh, but hook-swinging is traditionally practiced in other parts of India as well like kavadi in Tamil nadu.
The preparation usually starts a month in advance. The people responsible for the arrangement of the festival go from village to village to procure the necessary components like paddy, oil, sugar, salt, honey, money and other items needed for the ritual. At midnight of Songkranti, the worshippers gather to worship Shiva and Ma Durga for success. Afterwards a puja, the prasad (Items blessed by the deity) are distributed.
Rarely, it’s also known as "Hajrha Puja". Women fast before this festival and male devotees swing from a pole with hooks being attached to the pole with ropes thrust through their backs.

## Charak Puja in Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, it frequently takes place in Moulvibazar, Thakurgaon district, and Galachipa Upazila of the Patuakhali District. Goalkhali, Gabua, Haridebpur, Lalua, Lohalia, and other villages are well known for "Charak Puja". Though the aristocracy and frequency of the festival is being deemed now, it is still being performed regularly by people with an uncommon amount of devotion. For them it’s a part of their life. The Most popular festival "Charak Puja" is found at places like Dholar Haat, Akcha, Gorea, Khochabari(Singia), Hothath para at Thakurgaon Sadar, same places of Tripura Dhalai District like Kamalpur and Kulai.

## Bagad and Sirimanu

In Maharashtra Bagad (Marathi language: बगाड) in Andhra pradesh Sirimanu festival is a religious festive tradition, where a ceremonial pole from an auspicious tree is venerated. In some villages, jatras in honour of local deities in Maharashtra & Andhra Pradesh are performed. Bagad is a similar concept to Charak Puja, Gajan (festival) or Indian parallel of Mexican Danza de los Voladores.