# Keep case

A keep case or poly-box is a type of packaging, most commonly used with DVDs and Blu-ray videos (and sometimes CDs).
Besides DVD-Video films, keep cases are very common with most disc-based video games since the PlayStation 2, and they are also found on many PC titles and MP3-CD audiobooks (all use discs that are the same basic dimensions as a DVD).

## Products using keep cases

The first products to be released in keep cases were VHS tapes, though most were stored in less expensive pressboard sleeves. In the days before video games were released on optical media, cartridges would rarely come packaged in specially designed plastic keep cases with lugs inside to hold the instruction manual, as opposed to pressboard boxes. Cartridges and cards for the Master System platform were the first video games to be packaged in any kind of keep case. The vast majority of Sega Genesis/Mega Drive games would come in a plastic keep case (roughly the size of a VHS case), but they were later packaged in pressboard boxes as a cost-cutting measure. Before the standard and commonly used DVD case was invented, early CD-ROM-based video games such as Sega CD and early PlayStation titles would often come in a thicker and taller jewel case. These have been reputed to break very easily. Since the PlayStation 2, most major console-based video game software is packaged in some sort of keep case, including Nintendo DS cartridge titles and Sony PSP titles.
Full size :
| Product | Color | Size | Notes |
| Audio CD discs | Majority black, all other colors possible | 142mm x 125mm x 9.9mm | Usually for audiobooks and student educational materials issued after mid 2000s. |
| Video CD discs | Majority black, all other colors possible | | |
| DVD videos | Majority black, all other colors possible | 190mm x 135mm x 15mm | Case thickness varies, although typically 15mm. |
| Blu-ray videos | Blue or black | 171.5mm x 135mm x 13mm | Rarely for individual discs. Used primarily for some Blu-ray/DVD combo packs. |
| PC CD-ROM games | Majority black or clear, all other colors possible | | Usually for CD-ROM games issued after mid 2000s. |
| PC DVD-ROM games | Majority black or clear, all other colors possible | | |
| Master System My Card games | Black | | |
| PlayStation games | Navy blue | | Only used for one game, Metal Gear Solid in the United States as part of a set. |
| PlayStation 2 games | Navy blue or black | | Most contain a memory card slot |
| Dreamcast games | Black or orange | | Select titles in Japan only. |
| GameCube games | Black | | North America/Europe. Most contain a memory card slot. |
| Xbox games | Lime green | | |
| Xbox 360 games | Translucent lime green | | |
| Wii games | White | | |
| Wii U games | Bright cerulean | | |
* ↑ Blue in PAL regions from 2001 onward, silver for Platinum releases, red for games that require Buzz controllers or NTSC Greatest Hits, white for Singstar games and Gran Turismo 2, clear for Metal Gear Solid 2
* ↑ Some games have variant colors in PAL regions such as blue (Super Mario Sunshine), red (Mario Kart: Double Dash), or silver (Player's Choice titles).
* ↑ Platinum Hits (North America) come in silver, Xbox Classics (PAL regions) in green, Xbox Magazine demos in slim clear cases.
* ↑ Platinum Hits games come in translucent grey, Kinect games in translucent purple, Xbox Magazine demos and Scene It? Lights, Camera, Action in slim clear.
* ↑ Some games have variant colors such as red (New Super Mario Bros. Wii), yellow (Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games), and black (Pandora's Tower in Japan).
* ↑ Some games have variant colors such as red (the U.S. version of Mario Kart 8 and the U.S. version of Super Mario Maker), green (New Super Luigi U), and yellow (the PAL version of Super Mario Maker).
Smaller size :
| Product | Color | Notes |
| Audio CD discs | Translucent orange or clear | Used for some audiobooks and MP3 CD's issued after 2006. |
| Video CD discs | Majority clear, all other colors possible | |
| DVD videos | Black or clear | Rarely used for single discs, Black cases usually used for bonus features DVD disk in some Blu-ray and HD-DVD movie compilation packs. Clear cases used for some DVD music concert albums. |
| Blu-ray videos | Blue, often translucent. Other colors are used for some titles. | |
| High Fidelity Pure Audio Blu-ray songs & albums | Clear | |
| Blu-ray 3D | Clear, though older titles in translucent blue | |
| Ultra HD Blu-ray videos | Black, Red, Blue, Yellow, Green, Purple & Orange | |
| HD DVD videos | Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Purple & Pink, often translucent | |
| PlayStation 3 games | Translucent white | |
| PlayStation 4 games | Translucent blue | |
| PlayStation 5 games | Translucent blue | |
| Xbox 360 games | Translucent green | Used for select reissued Xbox 360 titles after backwards compatibility was added to the Xbox One, Left handed case, Both Xbox 360 and Xbox One logos are embossed onto the top |
| Xbox One games | Translucent green | Left handed case, The Xbox One logo is embossed onto the top. Later issues lack the embossment, and have full size liner notes with "Xbox One" on the liner itself. |
| Xbox Series X games | Translucent green | Left handed case. An updated Xbox logo, in white, is embossed onto the top. There is also a black sticker of the "Series X" logo on the upper right corner of the case. Later issues lack the embossment, and have full size liner notes with "Xbox Series X" on the liner itself. |
* ↑ Greatest Hits games in the Americas come in opaque red, and Platinum Hits games in Europe come in silver.
* ↑ Greatest Hits games come in opaque red.
Larger size :
| Product | Color | Notes |
| VHS videos | Majority black and white, all other colors possible | |
| Betamax videos | Majority black and white, all other colors possible | |
| Many Famicom games | Black | |
| Nintendo Switch games | Black | Only used for the limited edition issue of Disney Classic Games: Aladdin and The Lion King |
| Master System cartridge games | Black | |
| Many Sega Genesis games | Black | |
| Neo Geo games | Black | |
| Some 3DO games | Black | Snap case |
Proprietary size :
| Product | Color | Size | Notes |
| GameCube games | Clear | 149mm x 107mm x 17mm | Japan, also used for Game Boy Player startup disc in North America. Most contain a memory card slot. |
| Nintendo DS games | Black | 135mm x 122mm x 15mm | North America/Japan, most contain a slot for Game Boy Advance cartridges or DS options pak. |
| Nintendo DS games | Clear | 135mm x 122mm x 20mm | Europe, most contain a slot for Game Boy Advance cartridges or DS options pak. |
| (New) Nintendo 3DS games | White | 135mm x 122mm x 12mm | Regular 3DS Games in all Regions; New 3DS exclusive Games only in Japan and North America |
| New Nintendo 3DS games | Black | 135mm x 122mm x 14mm | Europe |
| Nintendo Switch games | Clear | 170mm x 104mm x 10mm | Has tabs on right side above cartridge slot to keep any included printed materials in place |
| PlayStation Portable games | Clear | 168mm x 99mm x 14mm | |
| PlayStation Vita games | Blue | 135mm x 105mm x 12mm | |
* ↑ White for DSi-only games. Select Mario titles are red since 2010.
* ↑ Select Mario games are red.

## Structure
### Materials and features

The cases are made of soft, clear or colored, polypropylene plastic with a transparent polyethylene outer jacket, usually with a printed paper sleeve behind it. A variety of colors are produced, including black, white, red and clear. On the inside are sets of clips that may hold a booklet or additional sheets of paper with extra information. The DVD is held into place with a small protrusion (a "hub") which fits into the hole in the DVD. For console games like the PlayStation 2 and GameCube, an extra protrusion is available for storing memory cards.

### Types of hubs

The structural differences between a CD and a DVD have led many manufacturers to study different hub designs for keeping the DVD (or the DVDs, in multi-disc cases) in place: unlike CDs, which are made from one layer of plastic material, DVDs have two layers, which are thinner (so that together they reach the same thickness of a CD) and not bonded all the way to the center. As a result, a DVD hub is weaker than a CD's, and may be damaged if stored in a case which is designed for CDs only.
In addition to "pluck hubs" (which are often a simple evolution over the classical "crown of teeth"), "push-to-release" hubs are very common: in this case the hub is made in such a way that simply pushing on it with a finger compresses its component parts, thus shrinking the space it occupies and releasing the disc center; under normal situations the release cannot occur accidentally and requires someone to push on the hub (this is obviously more difficult to obtain in slim and ultra-slim cases, where in fact pluck hubs may be preferred to push-type ones).

### Damage risk

The larger size of the keep case compared to the CD jewel box means that if the disc becomes detached from the center hub, it can move around inside the box, and the playable surface can be scratched by the hub. This can be a problem during shipping.
The center "pluck hubs" are designed to keep a disc in place while shipping, but can be too tight for normal home use. Because of this, the disc can be damaged upon removal due to excess warping. However, the edges of the center hub can be permanently bent in slightly to allow for a looser fit. Discs are then able to slip out easily, ideal for the home shelf.

### Physical dimensions
#### Case

The height and width of a (closed) keep case are fixed at 190 mm (7.5 in) and 135 mm (5.3 in), respectively. The thickness may vary to accommodate more discs ("multi" case) or to require less shelf space ("slim" or "thin" case). For a typical single-disc case, it is 15mm.
A keep case, thus, approximates the Video Software Dealers Association recommendation that a single-disc DVD-Video package have the same height as a VHS tape (187 mm) and the same width as a CD jewel case (142 mm). These dimensions are similar to digest size magazines.

#### Paper sleeve

The printed paper sleeve for a standard DVD case can be printed on a standard A4 sheet of paper which, after cropping, can be slipped into the outer jacket. The paper room on the front and back panels of the case is 129.5mm × 183mm and spine panels have a width of 14mm or less. This gives 273mm × 183mm as resulting maximum overall dimensions for the printout (which is less than the 297mm × 210mm of an A4 paper sheet).

#### Inserts

Booklet inserts or leaflet material, when folded closed, should measure to a maximum of 120mm × 180mm. This usually includes a digital copy code for a digital locker service or a downloadable content code, if included.
Similar, though not identical, packaging is used for commercial Blu-ray Disc titles and was used for HD DVD titles. However, the dimensions of the cases are somewhat different, about 19 mm shorter. The individual cases are color-coded, with blue being used for Blu-ray and red for HD DVD, and the format displayed prominently on a stripe above the cover art.

### Empty cases and do-it-yourself

In addition to the industrial usages reported above, empty keep cases are available at retail stores, which can serve for instance as a replacement for broken cases or for DVDs containing personal video recordings or data. Common brands are Maxell, Memorex, TDK, Verbatim, NexPak, US Digital Media and Amaray. Some vendors, e.g. TDK and Infiniti, also sell recordable DVDs individually packed in keep cases.