OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# St Martin's, Shropshire

St Martin's is a village and civil parish in Shropshire, England, just north of Oswestry and east of Chirk, Wales on the England–Wales border.

## History

The ancient Parish of St Martin's was made up of the townships of Ifton, Wiggington, Bronygarth and Weston Rhyn. Each of these townships bordered Wales, with the River Ceiriog and the River Dee forming the border. However, in 1870, the townships of Weston Rhyn and Bronygarth were formed into the new Parish of Weston Rhyn.
The church at St Martin's is dedicated to St Martin of Tours and the parish was part of the Welsh Diocese of St Asaph until 1922 when it was transferred to the English Diocese of Lichfield.
The area was, for centuries, under the influence of nearby Chirk Castle and, later, the Trevor family of Brynkinallt (Welsh: Bryncunallt) in Chirk.

## Governance

Although the population of the parish involved can be found under Ellesmere Rural an electoral ward still exists in its own name. The population of this ward at the 2011 Census was 4,333.

## Transport

Around the 16th century, a bridge was built across the River Ceiriog at Pontfaen as part of the Chester to Cardiff highway. Later the A5, the London-Shrewsbury-Holyhead trunk road was constructed by Thomas Telford through the parish of St Martin's, crossing into Wales via the bridge at Chirk Bank.
The Glyn Valley Tramway ran from Chirk through Pontfaen into the Ceiriog Valley.
In the 19th century a canal was constructed through St Martin's Moor by Thomas Telford linking the industrial areas around Ruabon to the canal network. This now forms part of the Llangollen Canal.
By 1848 the Chester to Ruabon railway line had been extended south to Shrewsbury, but only one station, Preesgweene (Welsh: Preesgwyn) (later known as Weston Rhyn), was built in St Martin's parish. Later however, branch lines were built to link the collieries in the area to the main rail network.

## Industry

Although predominantly an agricultural area, coal was mined in St Martin's for several centuries. The collieries at Ifton, Chirk Bank, Quinta, Trehowell, Moreton Hall and Preesgweene were, geologically, an extension of the Denbighshire coalfield. Coal production ceased in the area with the closure of the last remaining colliery in the area at Ifton in 1968. Ifton was the largest colliery in Shropshire and its workings crossed the border into Wales, linking up to the coal seams of the former collieries at Brynkinallt and Black Park.

## Education

St Martin's School is a primary and secondary school located in St Martin's.

## Sport

The village is represented in association football by St Martins FC who currently compete in the Shropshire County League Division One. They currently play at Park Hall in nearby Oswestry, groundsharing with Cymru Premier side The New Saints. There is also a Sunday league side The Keys FC that play their home games at the playing field.

## Notable people

Francis Williams, Editor of the Daily Herald and Governor of the BBC, (later life peer Baron Francis-Williams) born at St Martin's.
Ian Woosnam, Professional Golfer, grew up on his family's farm in St Martin's.
# Llynclys

Llynclys (English: /ˈlʌŋklɪs/, Welsh pronunciation:)) is a small village in Shropshire, England, in the civil parish of Llanyblodwel. It lies north of Pant at the crossroads of the A483 and B4396, where there are several houses and a pub, the White Lion.

## Etymology

The name Llynclys is based on the Welsh word for lake, llyn, and Llynclys Pool still lies near to the village. The -clys element was in the past thought to be derived from llys, "palace" or "court", and the lake, supposed to be of extraordinary depth, was said to contain a drowned city or palace with various legends attached to it.

## Countryside

Much of the area around Llynclys Hill to the west is common land; there are a number of cottages and smallholdings probably built by workers in the area's lead mines and limestone quarries. Llynclys Common, from which there are fine views, is home to eight varieties of orchid and the brown argus butterfly.

## Railways

Llynclys was formerly on the Cambrian Railways line from Oswestry to Welshpool. The Cambrian Heritage Railways are now re-building sections of the line as a heritage railway. Llynclys South railway station is in operation, whilst the original Llynclys station remains unused of 2010.

## Plane Crash

On the 30 October 1941 a Royal Air Force, Handley Page Hampden Mk I (P1294) crashed near the White Lion pub while on a training flight in bad weather, all four crew died
# Department of Backward Classes Welfare (Andhra Pradesh)

The Minister of Backward Classes Welfare, is the head of the Department of Backward Classes Welfare of the Government of Andhra Pradesh.
The incumbent minister of the Backward Classes Welfare department is the S. Savitha from Telugu Desam Party.

## List of ministers

| # | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Lifespan) Constituency | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Election (Term) | Party | Ministry | Chief Minister | Ref. |
| # | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Lifespan) Constituency | Term start | Term end | Duration | Election (Term) | Party | Ministry | Chief Minister | Ref. |
| 1 | | | Kollu Ravindra (born 1973) MLA for Machilipatnam | 8 June 2014 | 1 April 2017 | 2 years, 297 days | 2014 (14th) | Telugu Desam Party | Naidu III | N. Chandrababu Naidu | |
| 2 | | | Kinjarapu Atchannaidu (born 1969) MLA for Tekkali | 2 April 2017 | 29 May 2019 | 2 years, 57 days | 2014 (14th) | Telugu Desam Party | Naidu III | N. Chandrababu Naidu | |
| 3 | | | Malagundla Sankaranarayana (born 1965) MLA for Penukonda | 30 May 2019 | 22 July 2020 | 1 year, 53 days | 2019 (15th) | YSR Congress Party | Jagan | Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy | |
| 4 | | | Chelluboyina Srinivasa Venugopalakrishna (born 1962) MLA for Ramachandrapuram | 23 July 2020 | 11 June 2024 | 3 years, 324 days | 2019 (15th) | YSR Congress Party | Jagan | Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy | |
| 5 | | | S. Savitha (born 1977) MLA for Penukonda | 12 June 2024 | Incumbent | 214 days | 2024 (16th) | Telugu Desam Party | Naidu IV | N. Chandrababu Naidu | |
# Sumeet Saigal

Sumeet Saigal (born 18 February 1966) is an Indian former actor and producer who was active in Bollywood from 1987 to 1995, appearing in over 30 films.

## Career

Saigal made his debut in the 1987 film Insaniyat Ke Dushman and played leading or supporting roles in films opposite actors including Jeetendra, Sanjay Dutt, Govinda, Hemant Birje, Aditya Pancholi and Mithun Chakraborty. Some of his well-known films include Imaandaar (1987), Param Dharam (1987), Tamacha (1988), Lashkar (1989), Bahaar Aane Tak (1990), Pati Patni Aur Tawaif (1990) and Gunaah (1993). In 1995, he acted in his last films Saajan Ki Baahon Mein and Sauda and left the film industry. After 12 years out of the limelight, he directed the music video for a song featured in the film Red: The Dark Side in 2007. In 2010, he produced the horror film Rokkk, starring Udita Goswami and Tanushree Dutta. Currently, he has a production company named "Sumeet Arts", which dubs South Indian films into Hindi.

## Personal life

Sumeet is the son of cinematographer Krishan Saigal. His uncles are directors Naresh Saigal and Ramesh Saigal.
Sumeet married Shaheen Banu, the daughter of Sultan Ahmed, granddaughter of Naseem Banu, and niece of actress Saira Banu, in 1990. They have one daughter, Sayyeshaa, born in 1997, who is a film actress and made her debut in 2015. The couple divorced in 2003.
Sumeet later married actress Farah Naaz in 2003.

## Filmography

* 1987 - Imaandaar
* 1987 - Insaniyat Ke Dushman
* 1987 - Param Dharam
* 1988 - Tamacha
* 1988 - Zulm Ko Jala Doonga
* 1988 - Aag Ke Sholay
* 1988 - Souten Ki Beti
* 1989 - Apna Desh Paraye Log
* 1989 - Billoo Badshah
* 1989 - Dost Garibon Ka
* 1989 - Garibon Ka Daata
* 1989 - Lashkar
* 1989 - Sikka
* 1989 - Sindoor Aur Bandook
* 1989 - Souten Ki Beti
* 1989 - Ab Meri Baari
* 1989 - Apne Begaane
* 1989 - Nishane Baazi
* 1989 - Tu Nagin Main Sapera
* 1990 - Bahaar Aane Tak
* 1990 - Maha-Sangram
* 1990 - Meri Lalkaar
* 1990 - Nyay Anyay
* 1990 - Pati Patni Aur Tawaif
* 1990 - Shandaar
* 1990 - Choron Ki Rani Hasino Ka Raja
* 1990 - Kasam Dhande Ki as Satyaprakash
* 1991 - Khatra
* 1991 - Swarg Jaisaa Ghar
* 1991 - Mehandi Ban Gai Khoon
* 1991 - Naag Mani
* 1992 - Sarphira
* 1992 - Jethaa
* 1993 - Gunaah
* 1993 - Dharam Ka Insaaf
* 1994 - Janam Se Pehle
* 1995 - Saajan Ki Baahon Mein
* 1995 - Sauda
* 1996 - Sikander (video)
* 2002 - Samay Kheluchhi Chaka Bhaunri
Zee Horror Show Mr Rajesh Sinha Tara (TV series) Mini aka miki Arzu Wife Episode 84 94
# Liars (Todd Rundgren album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| allmusic | |
| Rolling Stone | (Not rated) |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | |
| PopMatters | (Not rated) |
Liars is the eighteenth album from Todd Rundgren, released in 2004. After a long period of experimentation with multimedia technology and late 20th century musical genres, Rundgren seemed to once again embrace the eclectic pop sensibilities that made him famous, as on his most well-known album, Something/Anything? As a result, the album received rave reviews, as many considered it a welcome return to form.
Lyrically, every song deals in some way with the issue of truth - focusing more on half-truths than outright lies. From the liner notes:
    "All of these songs are about a paucity of truth. At first they may seem to be about other things, but that is just a reflection of how much dishonesty we have accepted in our daily lives. We are raised from birth to believe things that cannot be proven or that are plainly not true. People will often brag of their honesty, when there is so much they have simply chosen to ignore or leave unexamined.
    The fact is, we are terrified of the truth."

## Mixes

Upon release, the album was pressed onto vinyl. The vinyl running order was mixed as separate tracks to fit the vinyl discs with ease. This version included the songs with clean intros and fade-outs. This master was also used for the Japanese release on CD, whereas every other standard release contained the intended, flowing running order.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Todd Rundgren.
* "Truth" – 5:12
* "Sweet" – 5:51
* "Happy Anniversary" – 4:24
* "Soul Brother" – 4:14
* "Stood Up" – 4:42
* "Mammon" – 4:53
* "Future" – 6:04
* "Past" – 5:55
* "Wondering" – 5:11
* "Flaw" – 4:42
* "Afterlife" – 3:56
* "Living" – 5:37
* "God Said" – 7:40
* "Liar" – 5:07

## Personnel

* Todd Rundgren – all vocals and instruments, producer, engineer
* Ken Emerson – slide guitar
* Garn Ian Thomasson – wind
# With a Twist (Todd Rundgren album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Classic Rock | |
| Uncut | |
With a Twist... is a 1997 album by Todd Rundgren. Asked to produce an album of new versions of his older singles, Rundgren decided to record the songs in Bossa nova style with elements of Exotica, complete with tropical bird call effects at the beginning of "Hello, It's Me" similar to Martin Denny's recording Quiet Village. Continuing the theme, Rundgren toured theaters with a replica of a tiki bar, the performers on a very small stage with selected audience members being seated at tables also on the theater stage, and being served drinks by the monitor engineer/bartender. The performers never acknowledged the larger theater audience, and the show ended when the last "bar patron" left the stage.
A new version of "Love of the Common Man" from Faithful, done in a style similar to that heard here, was included on the later album One Long Year.

## Track listing

All songs by Todd Rundgren unless otherwise indicated.

## Personnel

* Todd Rundgren - producer, engineer, arranger
* Jesse Gress - guitar, arranger
* Kasim Sulton - bass
* John Ferenzik - keyboards
* Prairie Prince - percussion
# Angel Peña Ramírez

Angel R. Peña Ramírez (born April 13, 1978) is a politician affiliated with the New Progressive Party (PNP). He has been a member of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico since 2009 representing the 33rd District.

## Early years and studies

Peña was born April 13, 1978, in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico. He has a Bachelor's degree in Labor Relations from the University of Puerto Rico at Río Piedras, and a Master's degree in the same major from the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus.

## Professional career

Peña worked for the Human Resources Division of Wyndham International at Hotel El Conquistador in Fajardo. In 2005, he worked as Executive Officer I of the Human Resources Office of the Senate of Puerto Rico.

## Political career

Peña began his political career as a voting college worker, member of the PNP Youth and Presidential Delegate for the reorganization process of the New Progressive Party.
From 2005 to 2008, Peña served as member of the Municipal Assembly of Las Piedras. He served as Majority Speaker as well as President of the Commissions of Health, among others.
Peña decided to run for the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico at the 2008 general election. After winning a slot in the PNP primaries, he was elected to represent the District 33. During his first term, he served as Vicepresident of the Commissions of East Region Development, and as secretary of the Commissions of Internal Affairs, Health, and Municipal Affairs, among others.
In 2012, Peña was re-elected for a second term.
# Kilpeck

Kilpeck is a village and civil parish in the county of Herefordshire, England. It is about nine miles (14 km) southwest of Hereford, just south of the A465 road and Welsh Marches Line to Abergavenny, and about five miles (8 km) from the border with Wales. On 1 April 2019, the parishes of Kenderchurch, St Devereux, Treville and Wormbridge were merged with Kilpeck.
The village is renowned for its small but outstanding Norman (Romanesque) church, SS Mary and David's, but also has the earthworks of a Norman motte-and-bailey castle that is no longer standing. The church is a Grade I listed building. There is a public house called the Kilpeck Inn, formerly the Red Lion, situated in the centre of the village opposite the village green. Other amenities include a village hall and post office.

## History

Until the 9th century, when it was taken over by Mercia, the area around Kilpeck was within the Welsh kingdom of Ergyng. After the Norman conquest, the area became known as Archenfield and was governed as part of the Welsh Marches. It became part of Herefordshire, and England, in the 16th century, although the use of Welsh in the area remained strong until the 19th century. The English name for the village derives from the Welsh name, Llanddewi Kil Peddeg, with Llanddewi meaning "church of St David" and Cil Peddeg probably meaning the "cell of Pedic", an otherwise unknown local early Christian hermit.
In the Domesday Book of 1086, Kilpeck (entered as Chipeete) was given by William the Conqueror to William Fitz Norman de la Mare, son of Norman de la Mare. The clan de la Mare is one of the oldest in Normandy and is descended from Ragnvald Eysteinsson, earl of Møre and Romsdal. According to the Domesday survey, Kilpeck had "3 ploughs, 2 serfs and 4 oxmen and there are 57 men with 19 ploughs." There are mentions of a church on the site possibly from as early as the 7th century. There are vestiges of an enclosure, 200 yds (183 metres) by 300 yds (274 m) in the field, defining an Anglo-Saxon village.

## Landmarks

The St Mary and St David's Church was built around 1140. It consists of a nave, chancel and semicircular apse. It is remarkable for its wealth of Norman stone carvings (and their fine state of preservation), both inside and out, all original both in form and position and incorporating many corbels with representations of human faces, hares, fish, fowl, stags etc. Eighty-five of 91 corbels survive, an extraordinarily high percentage.
West of the church lies a ruined motte and bailey with earthworks. The castle is thought to have been first built around 1090 as the administrative centre of Archenfield. A few walls of the 12th- or 13th-century keep still stand on top of the motte; these are not well preserved. A fireplace and chimney flues are visible, as are two sections of standing castle walls.
A little over a mile to the north is the surviving motte of another castle, at Didley Court Farm.
# Hsu Jo-ting

Hsu Jo-ting (Chinese: 徐若庭; pinyin: Xú Ruòtíng; born 18 March 1990) is a Taiwanese fencer. She competed at the individual épée events at the 2010 Asian Games and 2012 Summer Olympics. She was the first athlete representing Chinese Taipei at an Olympic fencing event. In the first round she defeated Mona Hassanein of Egypt, but then was stopped 15–8 by Romania's Ana Maria Brânză, whom she considers as her sport hero.
# Bandisa Ndlovu

Bandisa Ndlovu (born (1996-10-12)12 October 1996) is a South African rugby union player for the Griffons (rugby union) in the Currie Cup and in the Rugby Challenge. He can play as a prop or a flank.
# Battle of Òsogbo

The Battle of Òsogbo took place in 1838 and was a major battle of the Fula jihads of Yorubaland.

## Background

The Battle of Osogbo, was an important moment in Yoruba history. Following the earlier Eleduwe War, the Fulani Ilorin forces, led by their Hausa Balogun Gambari Ali, laid siege to Osogbo, aiming to conquer the entire Yorubaland. The King of Osogbo sought aid from Ibadan, the most powerful state in northern Yorubaland at the time. Initial Ibadan reinforcements proved insufficient, and the Ilorin forces continued their advance. The besieged city and its allies were confined to surrounding thickets, prompting the Basorun of Ibadan to lead a decisive counter-attack. This move was crucial, as a victory for the Ilorin would have resulted in their dominance over Yoruba territory.

## Battle

The Ibadan army finally launched a surprise night attack on the Ilorin camp. The attack was carefully planned, with the Osogbo army and earlier auxiliaries forming the center, Chiefs Abitiko and Lajubu leading the right wing, and Balogun Oderinlo and the rest of the Ibadan war chiefs forming the left wing.
The attack commenced around midnight, The first camp to be attacked was that of the Elese, the Ilorin leader, who was killed as soon as he appeared at his tent door. The Ilorin camp was caught off guard, and panic spread quickly. The Ilorin forces could not offer any meaningful resistance and melted away, with many falling victim to friendly fire in the chaos of their retreat.

## Aftermath

The Ibadan generals, upholding a code of chivalry, released the two Ilorin commanders of Hausa origin. However, the commanders Lateju and Ajikobi, being Yoruba, were considered traitors and sent home as prisoners of war. Lateju was sentenced to death, while Ajikobi was sent to the Alaafin of Oyo for execution.
The Battle of Osogbo was a resounding victory for Ibadan, marking the end the Sokoto Caliphate's Jihad in Yoruba territory. Though still aiming to dominate the region, the Ilorin shifted their strategy to manipulation and alliances, hoping to weaken the Yoruba from within. This victory solidified Ibadan's dominance and effectively saved the Yoruba nation from becoming a tributary state to the Sokoto Caliphate.
# Pelči Palace

Pelči Palace (Latvian: Pelču muižas pils; German: Schloss Pelzen) is a palace located in the Pelči Parish of Kuldīga Municipality, in the Courland region of Latvia. Built during the time of Prince Anatoly Lieven, it is regarded as one of the early Latvian manors which felt the influence of early Art Nouveau, although presently it also shows German Neo-Renaissance, and Baroque features.

## History

The palace was built from 1903 to 1904 in Art Nouveau style by architect Wilhelm Neumann (1878 in Germany – 1919 in Riga). All building parts, starting with the front doors, windows, wrought iron roof, shutter closure and all the finishing with interior panels, stair railings, were designed by Neumann. The palace is considered a building of exceptional aesthetic level on all elements of the finishing with high quality facilities and innovative technical equipment. The palace basement has a modern drainage system and water supply. Kilns heat the palace through the first central heating system from the Kuldiga region.
The interior decoration and stairway elements, however, felt the impact of the neo-renaissance decorative style. The first storey of the palace is used for the estate owners needs. The western corner is arranged with a large library. A balcony with a luxurious winding staircase and beautifully styled bookcases heated with warm air from the central heating, has been preserved. The second storey, used for guests, contains a living room, photography room, and exit to a wide balcony. Located in the basement, the kitchen is provided with large stoves and ovens, a bakery, wine and kitchen cellars, as well as a warehousing. In 1922 the Pelči palace was adapted to needs of a school however.
Since late 19th. century Pelči Palace was property of von Lieven family. Family owned the palace until 1920 when after Latvian agrarian reforms all manors and their lands was nationalised and partitioned. In 1922 a local secondary school was located in the palace. During first half of the 1945 headquarters of the Army Group Courland was located in the palace. After the war palace was still used as a school which continues to operate today.

### Pelči park

The Pelči park is 9.21 ha. In 1902 the reconstruction project (extended to the old plantation-based area) was developed by the Riga Park Director Georg Kuphaldt. Most of the park was designed as a free planning landscape park, except for the greenery immediately around and south of the palace used for regular planting programming. Close of the palace there is a stable, an ice cellar, a taskmaster's and manor workers' house.
In 1904 two large semi-circular flowerbeds with symmetrical flower and shrubs compositions were created next to the palace. Regular planning plantations in baroque gardens with the so-called typical embroidered parquet remain. Concentrated in the southern part of the park, conifers - pine, fir, larch, are found to the west of the palace. In the 1980s the inventories identified 48 species of trees and shrubs, including rarities such as a late cherry, service-berry maple, a variety of trees, many red oak and beech.