OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nimesh Perera

Modara Muthugalage Don Nimesh Randika Gayan Perera (born September 5, 1977, in Colombo) is a Sri Lankan first-class cricketer. A genuine all-rounder, Perera is an aggressive left-handed middle to lower order batsman and a leg spin bowler.
After making his first-class debut in 1995/96, Perera captained the Sri Lankan Under-19 side in a three-Test series against India the following season. He toured England with the Sri Lankan A team in 1999. The tour began against an ECB XI, and he made 110 not out and took 4/25. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Chilaw Marians Cricket Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.
# Amblygnathus

Amblygnathus is a genus in the beetle family Carabidae. There are more than 20 described species in Amblygnathus.

## Species

These 25 species belong to the genus Amblygnathus:
* Amblygnathus bicolor Ball & Maddison, 1987 (South America)
* Amblygnathus braziliensis Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Brazil)
* Amblygnathus cephalotes Dejean, 1829 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus corvinus Dejean, 1829 (Bolivia, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil)
* Amblygnathus darlingtoni Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus evansi Ball & Maddison, 1987 (United States, El Salvador, Mexico)
* Amblygnathus fricki Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Panama)
* Amblygnathus geminatus Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Surinam)
* Amblygnathus georgei Shpeley, 2008 (Chile, Paraguay, Peru)
* Amblygnathus gigas Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Brazil)
* Amblygnathus gilvipes Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus interior Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Mexico)
* Amblygnathus iripennis (Say, 1823) (United States)
* Amblygnathus janthinus Dejean, 1829 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus lucidus Dejean, 1829 (South America)
* Amblygnathus mexicanus Bates, 1882 (United States, Panama, and Mexico)
* Amblygnathus panamensis Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Panama)
* Amblygnathus puncticollis (Putzeys, 1878) (the Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola, and Cuba)
* Amblygnathus reichardti Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Bolivia and Brazil)
* Amblygnathus subtinctus (LeConte, 1867) (United States and Mexico)
* Amblygnathus suturalis Putzeys, 1845 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus tikal Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Guatemala and Mexico)
* Amblygnathus whiteheadi Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Mexico)
* Amblygnathus woodruffi Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Central and South America)
* Amblygnathus xingu Ball & Maddison, 1987 (Brazil)
# Phyllostachys aurea

Phyllostachys aurea is a species of bamboo, and is of the 'running bamboo' type, belonging to the diverse Bambuseae tribe. It is native to Fujian and Zhejiang in China. It is commonly known by the names fishpole bamboo, golden bamboo, monk's belly bamboo, and fairyland bamboo (Australia).

## Cultivation

Phyllostachys aurea is cultivated as an ornamental plant for gardens. In the United States, Australia, South Africa and Italy, it is considered an invasive species that crowds out native species and becomes a monoculture that is difficult to remove. It is a cold-hardy bamboo, performing well in USDA zones 6 to 10, (Connecticut to Florida). In the UK it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is a tall evergreen species growing to 8 m (26 ft) tall by 4 m (13 ft) broad. Like most bamboos it can become invasive if kept in warm, moist conditions in good quality soil with access to full sunlight. It is a prohibited species in New York.

### Cultivars

Cultivars include:
* P. aurea 'Flavescens Inversa' – some lower culms may show a pale yellow stripe on the sulcus
* P. aurea 'Holochrysa' – common name "golden golden", culms turn yellow/gold sooner than the type form, random leaves have a yellow stripe
* P. aurea 'Koi' – culms turn yellow, but sulcus stays green, random leaves have a yellow stripe
* P. aurea 'Takemurai' – culms grow taller and lack the compressed internodes of the type form

## Uses

P. aurea's lush foliage makes it desirable for ornamental purposes and privacy hedges, and its characteristic 'knotty' compressed lower internodes render it desirable among collectors. It is well-suited to the making of bamboo pipes.

## Identification and growth habit

The common forms of P. aurea are easily identified by their characteristic compressed internodes in the lower part of the canes which have a tortoise shell-like appearance. This internodal compression result in shorter heights (25 ft) and thicker cane diameters (relative to height) than many other Phyllostachys species.
The canes turn yellow in full or partial sun, and deepen into a gold-orange color as the plant matures. Branching and foliage tend to start lower to the ground than many other Phyllostachys species, but some prefer to cut off lower branches to show off the interesting 'tortoise shell' lower part of the canes.
# Lieve Geelvinck

Lieve Geelvinck (28 May 1676 – 22 August 1743) was the son of Joan Geelvinck and grandson of Cornelis Geelvinck and, following them into the vroedschap, he became administrator of the Dutch East India Company and member of the Council of State. He became mayor of Amsterdam for the first time in 1720. Through political marriage alliances, the Geelvinck family had already played an important role the council of Amsterdam for years on end, but in the first half of the 18th century all but one or two of the city's mayors were related to each other.

## Life

Lieve was born, one of twins, in Amsterdam. His mother was Anna von Loon and his father Joan Geelvinck (1644–1707), since 1694 a member of the vroedschap, after the death of his brother Albert Geelvinck. Lieve Geelvinck married Agatha Theodora of Bambeeck in 1699, who died in 1713. Lieve Geelvinck married a second time in 1730, to Anna de Haze, then the richest woman in Amsterdam. He moved in at his wife's city palace on Herengracht, these days next to the Museum Geelvinck-Hinlopen. The couple already knew each other, for Lieve's son had married Anna's daughter the preceding year. Their country house was in Nieuw-Loosdrecht, which she inherited, besides three million guilders, from a childless great-uncle. Through Anna, Lieve received the lordships of Stabroek and of both Loosdrechts.
Lieve Geelvinck was an important political figure and in 1734 organized a reception for William IV, Prince of Orange, and Anna of Hanover. In 1738 he gave a job as post master to his grandson, of course someone else had to do the real work. In the year 1743, four (ex-)mayors, including Lieve died. The atmosphere in the mayors room would change strongly. Lieve Geelvinck died, aged 67, in Amsterdam, and was buried in the Nieuwe Kerk; the Dam Square was crowded for his funeral, in a manner hardly seen before. Lieve Geelvinck was followed as mayor by his son Nicolaes Geelvinck.

## Children

In 1749 the four children of Lieve Geelvinck inherited a considerable sum from their great aunt Sara Hinlopen. The eldest, Agatha Levina Geelvinck, widow of Dirk Trip, the richest man in Amsterdam, inherited the house at Herengracht 518 (now Museum Geelvinck Hinlopen Huis), including the carriage house with the stable; Anna Elisabeth, widow of Nicolaas Pancras and Jan Lucas Pels, inherited valuable stocks, all her books and three guilders cash. (She gave money to have a church organ in Beverwijk, built by Christiaen Müller). Catharina Jacoba, the youngest and widely known for her beauty, married Constantijn Sautijn, had as a child received a princely annuity. She inherited jewels, pearls and diamonds, but also 140 year-old shares in the Dutch East India Company in Enkhuizen. Nicolaes Geelvinck got a collection of letters of debts, shares, bonds and fields in one of the oldest polders in Holland, named the Zijpe. During the "pachtersoproer" (= tax collectors uproar) in 1747 Nicolaes Geelvinck quickly fled the city hall, before the mayor's room was occupied by the people and demonstratively reached a ceiling-mop from the window. As an adversary of the stadholder, he was a year later removed from the vroedschap.
# Ranganath Prasanna

Ranganath Prasanna (born 9 March 1975) is a Sri Lankan cricket umpire. He has umpired in domestic matches in cricket tournaments in Sri Lanka, such as the 2017–18 SLC Twenty20 Tournament and the 2017–18 Premier League Tournament. In March 2018, he was one of the two onfield umpires for the quarterfinal match between Chilaw Marians Cricket Club and Burgher Recreation Club in the 2017–18 Premier Limited Overs Tournament.
# Dilan Raj

Dilan Raj (born 12 December 1972) is a Sri Lankan cricket coach and former player. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm leg break bowler. Born in Colombo, Raj represented the Zimbabwean region of Matabeleland in two first-class matches during the 1997–98 Logan Cup.
In 2000, Raj moved to New Zealand, where he established himself as a cricket coach. He worked for Cricket Wanganui successfully turning around the Association's finances as well as creating new cricket opportunities, before becoming director of cricket of Palmerston North-based Manawatū Cricket Association in 2019.
# Priyankara Silva

Priyankara Silva (born 27 July 1975) is a Sri Lankan former cricketer. He played in 78 first-class and 36 List A matches between 1996/97 and 2009/10. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Burgher Recreation Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.
# Hellas Sat

Hellas Sat Consortium Ltd (Hellas Sat) is the owner and a wholesaler of capacity and services of the Greek/Cypriot Hellas Sat 2 satellite, an Astrium Eurostar E2000+, which was launched successfully on 13 May 2003 to the 39th eastern meridian orbital position in the geostationary satellite orbit. On 29 June 2017 the Hellas Sat 3 was launched successfully to replace Hellas Sat 2.
Hellas Sat has developed a network of strategically located telecommunication partners with Digital Video Broadcasting platforms, carrying over 100 television channels, and Internet protocol-based services through its two fixed beams over Europe, and two steerable beams over the Middle East and South Africa. It offers high-power, direct-to-home transmissions as well as occasional video feeds and Internet access services.

## Satellite

Hellas Sat 2 is an ASTRIUM Eurostar 2000+ platform spacecraft at orbital position 39° east. It was launched on 13 May 2003, and has an expected lifetime of 15 years. It has 30+8 (redundant) Ku band 36 MHz transponders

## Launch Consultants

RPC Telecom acted as the International Telecommunication Union filing and frequency coordination consultant, while Petrosat WLL was the launch consultant.

## Television and radio services

One of Hellas Sat's strategic partners is Satellite Telecommunications Network (STN), which offers comprehensive television and/or radio channel distribution services. STN offers standard-definition television (STDV) and/or high-definition television (HDTV) play-out services, SDTV and/or HDTV turnaround services as well as encryption, subtitling, and other services. STN was also behind the transmission of Euro1080-HD1 on Hellas-Sat-2, Europe's first HDTV channel.
# Rajesh Masala

Rajesh Masala or Rajesh Spices is an Indian manufacturer, distributor and supplier of ground spices. The company is led by its directors, Rajesh Agrahari and Chandrama Devi Agrahari.

## History

The company was founded in 1997 by the late industrialist R. R. Agrahari under the company banner of Agrahari Masala Udyog, in Amethi, Uttar Pradesh state, India.
Rajesh Masala Private Limited was incorporated as a private company on 13 February 2004.

## Other

Its director Rajesh Agrahari is also called as "Rajesh Masala" due to his brand of spice. He has been a party leader in the Samajwadi Party before his expulsion. He was expelled from the party by Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav in July 2014 due to his involvement in what the party regarded as "anti-party activities".. Thereafter, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Durrance Route

The Durrance Route is a climbing route on Devils Tower in Wyoming, United States. First pioneered by Jack Durrance and Harrison Butterworth in September 1938, it was the second free ascent of Devils Tower, following the first ascent led by Fritz Wiessner in 1937. The Wiessner Route lies a few hundred feet to the right of the Durrance Route and has a comparable difficulty. Today the Durrance Route is the most popular route on Devils Tower. It is considered a more interesting and enjoyable route than the Wiessner Route, due to more variable terrain and better belay stances. The route is recognized in the historic 1979 climbing text, Fifty Classic Climbs of North America, and other guide books.

## Route description

The route begins below and to the right of the two trees in the reference image. It then ascends the left side of the leaning pillar and continues up the most inset dihedral. The second pitch involves jamming and stemming up the Durance Crack, followed by another pitch along the Cussing Crack. It then ascends a flake, followed by a chimney to a chockstone.
The final pitch has two variations: Bailey's Direct, a direct vertical finish; and the Jump Traverse, which involves leaping an exposed gap to the right, then following the easy Meadows Trail to the summit.
It involves some difficult techniques, including off-width, and despite its easy grade is not well-suited for beginners.

## Significant features
### Leaning column

An 8-metre (26 ft) volcanic column has been slightly tipped from vertical. Reports that it was too unstable prompted a United States Geological Survey inspection in 2006. The inspection found that although the pillar did move under a climber's weight, it was unlikely that it would dislodge the pillar. It recommended further monitoring of the situation.

## Notable ascents

In 2017, Robert Kelman became the oldest person to climb Devils Tower, aged 86. He ascended through the Durrance Route, (direct finish).
# Alot, Madhya Pradesh

Alot is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The name of Alot is derived from King Alia Bhil who established this region.

## Demographics

Alot had a population of 24,115 as of the 2011 census.

## Culture

Alot is a tehsil of Ratlam district and the hometown of the Jangalwa Dynasty. Alot is a main station for Jain thirth; Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber. A small village, Vikramgarh, is also part of Alot. This is because some of the land of Alot lies within the boundary of Vikramgarh so the full name of Alot is Vikramgarh Alot. Major attractions of Alot are Anadikalpeshwar Mahadev temple, Ramsingh Darbar and Nageshwar temple. Annually around May–June a fair is organized by Alot municipal corporation Nagarpalika Alot. Main festivals celebrated by the people of Alot are Diwali, Holi, Rakshabandhan, Eid, Navratri, Dashahra, and Ganesh Chaturthi.
# Kevin Rush

Kevin Patrick Rush (29 March 1901 – 21 August 1984) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of Roger Robert Rush (1856-1941), and Mary Rush (1856-1943), née Berry, Kevin Patrick Rush was born on 29 March 1901.

### Wife

He married Elaine Howell on 12 May 1932.

### Siblings

Four of his seven brothers also played VFL football (They are the only set of five brothers to play in the VFL/AFL):
* Robert Thomas "Bob" Rush (1880–1975) (1890–1983), who played with Collingwood from 1899 to 1908.
* William Leopold "Leo" Rush (1890–1983), who played with Melbourne in 1911, and with Richmond in 1912.
* Bryan Joseph Rush (1893–1982), played with Collingwood in 1913 and 1914.
* Gerald Vincent Rush (1895–1988), played with Richmond in 1920.

## Medicine

He graduated Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in 1924, and Master of Surgery in December 1936, and was admitted to Fellowship of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in June 1947.
# 1889 Penn State football team

The 1889 Penn State football team was an American football team that represented Pennsylvania State College—now known as Pennsylvania State University–as an independent during the 1889 college football season. The team played its home games on the Old Main lawn in University Park, Pennsylvania.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 27 | Swarthmore | Old Main lawnState College, PA | W 20–6 |
| November 9 | at Lafayette | The QuadEaston, PA | L 0–26 |
| November 11 | at Lehigh | Bethlehem, PA | L 0–106 |
| November 28 | Bucknell | Old Main lawnState College, PA | W 12–0 |
# Dhammika Sudarshana

Tuduwa Kankanamge Dhammika Sudarshana (born 19 June 1976) is a former Sri Lankan cricketer and current head coach of Sri Lanka U19 cricket team. He pursued his education at the Richmond College, Galle.

## Career

Dhammika started playing school cricket for Richmond College and also went onto captain his school cricket team. He played domestic cricket for Moors Sports Club, Galle Cricket Club and Panadura Sports Club. He also captained the Galle CC in domestic cricket for a brief stint. The then head coach of Sri Lanka Dav Whatmore influenced his inclusion in the Sri Lanka A team but his first national callup was hampered after sustaining a knee injury while warming up playing football. In February 2004, he was included in Sri Lanka Board XI squad captained by Russel Arnold for List A match against touring Australia. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Moors Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.
After his retirement, he served as the head coach of Richmond College cricket team and under his coaching Richmond cricket team had shown improvement from being in relegation to a prominent national school cricket team within ten years.
In January 2021, he was appointed as the interim head coach of the Sri Lanka Under19 cricket team replacing Hashan Tillakaratne with the focus on 2022 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
In July 2021, he was appointed as the temporary batting coach of Sri Lankan team for the home bilateral limited overs series against India replacing Grant Flower who was tested positive for COVID-19. He was chosen by Sri Lanka Cricket for a short stint as the batting coach as he spent his time in the bio-secure bubble prior to the series against India.
# Tiiu Kuik

Tiiu Kuik (Estonian pronunciation:) (born 16 March 1987) is an Estonian fashion model.

## Early life

Born in Tallinn, Estonian SSR, Kuik was discovered at age 13 in an Estonian supermarket by model scout Paolo Moglia. She was then sent to Japan for modeling work, and after that, to Italy.

## Modeling

Her modeling agencies include her mother agency, Marilyn New York, D Management Milan and the famous Marilyn Agency in Paris.
She has walked the runways for more than 50 designers, including Gucci (for which she opened the fall 2003 and spring 2004 shows), Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Versace, Ralph Lauren, Giorgio Armani, Paul Smith, Narciso Rodriguez, Paco Rabanne, Salvatore Ferragamo, Dsquared2, Emilio Pucci, Fendi, Prada, Jil Sander, Marc Jacobs, Karl Lagerfeld, Jean Paul Gaultier, John Galliano, Dolce & Gabbana, Chloé and many others. Kuik's face has graced the covers of several high-profile fashion magazines like Elle, Marie Claire, Velvet and multiple Vogue covers. She also has appeared in fashion advertising campaigns for: Christian Dior (J'Adore fragrance), Louis Vuitton, Moschino, Valentino, Pollini, Bill Blass, MontBlanc, Kenneth Cole, Neiman Marcus, Bergdorf Goodman, Swarovski and many others.
She is now representing CoverGirl cosmetics and appeared in a CoverGirl commercial with Queen Latifah and America's Next Top Model, Dani Evans.
She is noted and recognized for her mole on her left cheek.
# Narwar coinage

The various Kings of the Nagas of Narwar issued coins of ¼, ½ and 1 kakini, from 5–15 mm in size and all issued in bronze. Designs were humped bull facing left, wheel peacock, trident and various other designs. The Nagas of Narwar occupied the region of Padmavati, Kantipuri, Mathura and Vidisha around the period of 200-340 AD. In this period there was substantial trade between India and Rome in spices, fabric and gold. Text used was in the Brahmi script of an early Prakrit language.
# Heinz Schenk

Heinz Schenk (11 December 1924 – 1 May 2014) was a German television moderator and actor. He was born in Mainz.

## Life

Since 1951 Schenk worked for Hessischer Rundfunk as television moderator. In Germany he became famous for his television show Zum Blauen Bock. The show, which started under host Otto Höpfner, ran under Schenk from 1966 to 1987. He died in Wiesbaden, aged 89.
# Itkare

Itkare is a village located in the Sangli district in the state of Maharashtra, India. The village is located at about 400 km from the state capital, Mumbai and 200 km from Pune. The village has undergone transformation under the panchayat. There has been use of advanced technology in education. Efforts have been made for empowerment of women and increasing the security in the village. The village has around 90% erigated land.

## People

The main business of the villagers of Itkare is farming, mainly producing sugarcane. In addition to sugarcane, rice and wheat are also being produced by the farmers.
# Udaya Kumar (director)

Udaya Kumar P S is a Kannada film director and editor based in India, who started his career as an editor, working with Nagathihalli Chandrashekar and directed movie Kaarmoda Saridu in the year 2019, and "Bun-tea" in the year 2023.

## Early life

Udaya Was born in Kudremukha of Chikmagalur district. Udaya Kumar PS was born on 3 May 1986 to Subramaniyam & Devika in Kudremukh a town in Karnataka. He completed college from St. Xavier Mangalore. Completed Film Editing from TV & Film Institute.Is a full-time Film Director & Editor.

## Career
### As director

Udaya Kumar has directed his debut in the year 2019. His first directorial Karmoda Saridu received a mixed response from the audience and critics. He has also made several short films and also won many awards with regard to the same.

### As editor

Udaya Kumar started his career as an editor. He worked under the state award winner Srikanth of Ugram & KGF fame. during his work with Srikanth he has worked in famous Kannada movies like, Ishtakamya, India vs England, Khakii, Enendu hesaridali, Kaarmoda Saridu, Kirita, Vaasu pakka commercial. He has his own studio under the name of GStudio.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Director | Editor | Screenwriter | Awards |
| 2019 | Kaarmoda Saridu | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| 2019 | Khakii | No | No | Yes |
| 2023 | Buntea | Yes | Yes | Yes | Chittara Star Awards.(Best Social Impact Movie) |
| 2024 | Mr.Jack | No | Yes | No |
# Xenofon Markopoulos

Xenofon Markopoulos (Greek: Ξενοφών Μαρκόπουλος; born 1921), also known as "Xenos" in short, was a Greek footballer who played as a forward.

## Club career

Following the events of the Asia Minor Disaster and after the settlement of his family in Kalogreza in 1922, Markopoulos started playing football at Pamvyzantinos Kalogreza. In 1938 he transferred to AEK Athens. On 3 July 1949, he played in the Cup final against Panathinaikos, at Leoforos Alexandras Stadium, where AEK won the title. He was consiedered a specialist in scoring goals with headers. He played at AEK Athens until the end of his career in 1951, at the age of just 30, winning 2 consecutive Panhellenic Championships, 3 Cups and 4 Athens FCA Championships, including the first domestic double in by a Greek club in 1939.

## International career

Markopoulos played in five games with Greece and scored two goals, between 1948 and 1949. His debut took place on 23 April 1948 in Greece's first post-war match, a home friendly against Turkey.

## Personal life

Markopoulos had a son named Thodoris, who also followed the career of a footballer.

## Honours

AEK Athens
* Panhellenic Championship: 1938–39, 1939–40
* Greek Cup: 1938–39, 1948–49, 1949–50
* Athens FCA League: 1940, 1946, 1947, 1950
Individual
* Greek Cup top scorer: 1948–49