# Bourg-en-Bresse

Bourg-en-Bresse (French pronunciation: ; Arpitan: Bôrg) is the prefecture of the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Located 70 km (43 mi) northeast of Lyon, it is the capital of the ancient province of Bresse (Arpitan: Brêsse). In 2018, the commune had a population of 41,248.

## Geography

Bourg-en-Bresse is located at the western base of the Jura Mountains, on the left bank of the Reyssouze, a tributary of the Saône. It lies 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Lyon and 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-southwest of Lons-le-Saunier.

## History

Roman remains have been discovered at Bourg, but little is known of its early history. It was probably pillaged by Goths in Late Antiquity. Raised to the rank of a free town in 1250, it was at the beginning of the 15th century the capital of the dukes of Savoy in the province of Bresse. In February 1535 it was conquered by France during a full-scale invasion of Savoy, but was restored to Duke Philibert Emmanuel in 1559, when he married Henri II's sister Marguerite. The duke later built a strong citadel, which afterwards withstood a six-months' siege by the soldiers of Henry IV during the Franco-Savoyard War of 1600–1601. The town was finally ceded to France in 1601. In 1814, the inhabitants, in spite of the defenseless condition of their town, offered resistance to the Austrians, who put the place to pillage.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 6,533 | — |
| 1800 | 6,984 | +0.96% |
| 1806 | 7,417 | +1.01% |
| 1821 | 8,132 | +0.62% |
| 1831 | 8,996 | +1.01% |
| 1836 | 9,528 | +1.16% |
| 1841 | 10,219 | +1.41% |
| 1846 | 10,308 | +0.17% |
| 1851 | 12,068 | +3.20% |
| 1856 | 11,676 | −0.66% |
| 1861 | 14,052 | +3.77% |
| 1866 | 13,733 | −0.46% |
| 1872 | 14,280 | +0.65% |
| 1876 | 15,692 | +2.39% |
| 1881 | 18,233 | +3.05% |
| 1886 | 18,113 | −0.13% |
| 1891 | 18,968 | +0.93% |
| 1896 | 18,501 | −0.50% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 18,887 | +0.41% |
| 1906 | 20,045 | +1.20% |
| 1911 | 20,545 | +0.49% |
| 1921 | 20,191 | −0.17% |
| 1926 | 20,364 | +0.17% |
| 1931 | 23,117 | +2.57% |
| 1936 | 24,746 | +1.37% |
| 1946 | 25,944 | +0.47% |
| 1954 | 26,699 | +0.36% |
| 1962 | 32,596 | +2.53% |
| 1968 | 37,887 | +2.54% |
| 1975 | 42,181 | +1.55% |
| 1982 | 41,098 | −0.37% |
| 1990 | 40,972 | −0.04% |
| 1999 | 40,666 | −0.08% |
| 2007 | 40,506 | −0.05% |
| 2012 | 40,171 | −0.17% |
| 2017 | 41,527 | +0.67% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :

## Politics

Since 2008, Jean-François Debat of the Socialist Party (PS) has been Mayor of Bourg-en-Bresse. He was reelected following the 2020 municipal election.
In the four last presidential elections, Bourg-en-Bresse voted as following:
| Election | Winning candidate | Party | % |
| 2017 | Emmanuel Macron | EM | 72.37 |
| 2012 | François Hollande | PS | 53.96 |
| 2007 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 50.83 |
| 2002 | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 84.46 |

## Sights

Bourg-en-Bresse Cathedral, also known as the church of Notre-Dame (Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Bourg-en-Bresse), which dates back to the 16th century, has a façade built in the Renaissance; other parts of the church are Gothic. In the interior there are stalls of the 16th century.
The other public buildings, including a handsome prefecture, are modern. The town hall contains a library and the Lorin Museum with a collection of pictures, while another museum has a collection of old costumes and ornaments characteristic of Bresse. Among the statues in the town there is one of historian Edgar Quinet, a native of Bourg-en-Bresse.
The Royal Monastery of Brou, named after the suburb settlement of Bourg-en-Bresse in which it lies, is of great artistic interest. Margaret of Bourbon, wife of Philip II of Savoy, had intended to found a monastery on the spot, but died before her intention could be carried into effect. The church was actually built early in the 16th century by her daughter-in-law Margaret of Austria, wife of Philibert le Beau of Savoy, in memory of her husband.
The exterior, especially the façade, is richly ornamented, but the chief interest lies in the works of art in the interior, which date from 1532. The most important are the three mausoleums with the marble effigies of Marguerite of Bourbon, Philibert le Beau and Margaret of Austria. All three are remarkable for perfection of sculpture and richness of ornamentation. The rood loft, the oak stalls and the reredos in the chapel of the Virgin are masterpieces in a similar style. The monastery has three cloisters from the early 16th century. The church and the cloisters are listed monuments.

## Economy

In the early 20th century, the city manufactured iron goods, mineral waters, tallow, soap and earthenware. There were flour mills and breweries; there is considerable trade in grain, cattle and poultry.

## Transport

Bourg-en-Bresse station offers rail connections to Paris, Strasbourg, Lyon and Geneva by high-speed rail, as well as several regional destinations with TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes services. The A39 motorway connects Bourg with Dole and Dijon, the A40 with Mâcon and Geneva.

## Sport

Football Bourg-en-Bresse Péronnas 01 is based in the town.
On 3 May 1953 a motorcycle racing meeting was held on a circuit going past the Residence Emile Pélicand and the Jardin d'Enfants Emile Pélicand.

## Miscellaneous

Bourg is the prefecture of the department and the location of a court of assizes; it has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal and a chamber of commerce, as well as a local branch of the Bank of France.
Bourg-en-Bresse was the finish of Stage 6 and the departure of Stage 7 in the 2007 Tour de France.

## Personalities

Bourg-en-Bresse is the birthplace of:
* Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac (1581–1638), mathematician
* Julien Benneteau, (born 1981), tennis player
* Georges Blanc (born 1943), chef
* Raymond Chevallier (1929–2004), historian and archaeologist
* François Clerc (born 1983), footballer for Olympique Lyonnais and France
* Alain Giletti, (born 1939), ice skater
* Jérôme Lalande (1732–1807), astronomer, freemason and writer.
* Isabelle Lonvis-Rome (born 1963), magistrate and minister
* Daniel Morelon (born 1944), cyclist
* Jean-Bernard Gauthier de Murnan (1748–1796), French officer for the Continental Army and general during the French Revolution
* Lionel Nallet, (born 1976), international rugby union player
* Jacques Pépin (born 1935), chef
* Edgar Quinet (1803–1875), historian and man of letters.
* Jérôme Tafani (born 1958), businessman

## Twin towns – sister cities

Bourg-en-Bresse is twinned with:
* Bad Kreuznach, Germany
* Aylesbury, England
* San Severo, Italy
* Parma, Italy
* Namur, Belgium
* Brzeg, Poland
* El Kef, Tunisia

## Climate

Climate data for Bourg-en-Bresse (Ceyzériat) (1994–2020 normals, extremes 1994–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.5 (68.9) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.4 (83.1) | 32.9 (91.2) | 36.7 (98.1) | 38.5 (101.3) | 39.2 (102.6) | 33.6 (92.5) | 27.3 (81.1) | 22.5 (72.5) | 17.4 (63.3) | 39.2 (102.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) | 8.1 (46.6) | 12.9 (55.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 20.8 (69.4) | 24.7 (76.5) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.4 (79.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 17.0 (62.6) | 10.5 (50.9) | 6.7 (44.1) | 16.5 (61.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) | 4.1 (39.4) | 7.6 (45.7) | 11.2 (52.2) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.4 (68.7) | 20.1 (68.2) | 16.2 (61.2) | 12.6 (54.7) | 7.0 (44.6) | 3.8 (38.8) | 11.7 (53.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.1 (32.2) | 0.2 (32.4) | 2.3 (36.1) | 5.4 (41.7) | 9.3 (48.7) | 12.7 (54.9) | 14.2 (57.6) | 13.9 (57.0) | 10.6 (51.1) | 8.2 (46.8) | 3.6 (38.5) | 0.9 (33.6) | 6.8 (44.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −15.3 (4.5) | −17.0 (1.4) | −13.2 (8.2) | −5.5 (22.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | 2.1 (35.8) | 5.3 (41.5) | 3.3 (37.9) | −0.7 (30.7) | −7.1 (19.2) | −11.4 (11.5) | −17.6 (0.3) | −17.6 (0.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 81.1 (3.19) | 69.1 (2.72) | 74.5 (2.93) | 85.8 (3.38) | 101.3 (3.99) | 75.5 (2.97) | 80.9 (3.19) | 86.5 (3.41) | 79.5 (3.13) | 103.9 (4.09) | 108.0 (4.25) | 86.5 (3.41) | 1,032.6 (40.65) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.0 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 10.9 | 11.3 | 12.7 | 123.2 |
| Source: Meteociel ||||||||||||||