OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nelson, Victoria

Nelson is a town in Victoria, Australia. It is located at the mouth of the Glenelg River and Discovery Bay, a few kilometres from the South Australian border, and 422 kilometres (262 mi) west of Melbourne. At the 2021 census, Nelson and the surrounding area had a population of 191.
In January 1852 the name of Nelson was adopted for the settlement, after the ship Lady Nelson,
which was used by Lieutenant James Grant in explorations of the area in the early nineteenth century.
A punt was built across the river in 1848 by Henry Kellett. A summerhouse was also built in 1848, which later became the town's current hotel. The town site was surveyed and named in 1852 by Lindsay Clarke, and sheep grazing began soon after. Settlement of the township came much later, a Post Office being opened on 17 March 1876.
The Portland-Nelson Road is the only main road in and out of Nelson and crosses the Glenelg at Nelson, the only crossing for over 25 km. The first crossing over the Glenelg was constructed out of wood in 1893. It was replaced by a steel cantilever bridge in 1963. A second concrete cantilever bridge was added in 1997 on the north side of the steel bridge to cater for the demands of road freight travelling through the town.

## Traditional ownership

The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Nelson sits are the Gunditjmara People who are represented by the Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation.
# Cone Health Behavioral Health Hospital

Cone Health Behavioral Health Hospital (part of Cone Health), located at 700 Walter Reed Drive in Greensboro, North Carolina, is an 80-bed facility that specializes in helping children, adolescents and adults cope with mental health and/or addiction issues. Its comprehensive services focus on the total needs of the patient and their family.
In January 2013, Cone Health announced they would seek approval from the state of North Carolina to replace the existing facility with a new $38.5 million hospital. Five years later, Cone Health shifted the effort for a new hospital to a partnership with Guilford County to create a joint facility to address mental health needs in the Guilford County area.
In June 2021, the Guilford County Behavioral Health Center opened to provide behavioral health urgent care services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to adults and adolescents in Guilford County. The Cone Health Behavioral Health Hospital is still open providing inpatient services for children and adults needing longer term mental health care.
# Sam Russell (footballer, born 1900)

Samuel R. Russell (2 January 1900 – 8 November 1959) was an Irish footballer. He was born in Downpatrick, Ireland. During his career he had spells with Derry City, Newcastle United and Bradford City. He also represented the Ireland national team on three occasions between 1929 and 1931.

## Personal life

Russell served in the Royal Irish Fusiliers during the First World War. He was married but he and his wife Margaret had no children.
# Apostolic Nunciature to Papua New Guinea

The Apostolic Nunciature to Papua New Guinea is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Papua New Guinea. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The Apostolic Nuncio to Papua New Guinea is usually also the Apostolic Nuncio to the Solomon Islands upon his appointment to said nation. The nuncio resides in Port Moresby.
Australia administered the two areas known as Papua and New Guinea from the First World War until Papua New Guinea became an independent nation in 1975. The Holy See established its Delegation to Australia on 15 April 1914, which was succeeded by the Delegation to Australia, New Zealand and Oceania in 1947 and the Delegation to Australia and Papua New Guinea in 1968. Pope Paul VI named Gino Paro Delegate to Australia and Papua New Guinea–a single title–on 5 May 1969. The Nunciature to Australia was created 5 March 1973 and when Paro was named Nuncio to Australia on 4 July 1973 he remained Delegate to Papua New Guinea.

## List of papal representatives to Papua New Guinea
### Apostolic Delegates

* Gino Paro (4 July 1973 – 5 April 1977)
** The Nunciature to Papua New Guinea was created on 7 March 1977.

### Apostolic Pro-Nuncios

* Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo (5 April 1977 – 25 October 1980)
* Francesco De Nittis (7 March 1981 – 24 January 1985)
* Antonio Maria Vegliò (27 July 1985 – 21 October 1989)
* Giovanni Ceirano (21 December 1989 – 20 August 1992)

### Apostolic Nuncio

* Ramiro Moliner Inglés (2 January 1993 – 10 May 1997)
* Hans Schwemmer (9 July 1997 – 1 October 2001)
* Adolfo Tito Yllana (13 December 2001 – 31 March 2006)
* Francisco Montecillo Padilla (1 April 2006 – 10 November 2011)
* Santo Rocco Gangemi (24 March 2012 – 16 April 2013)
* Michael Banach (16 April 2013 – 19 March 2016)
* Kurian Mathew Vayalunkal (3 May 2016 – 1 January 2021)
* Fermín Emilio Sosa Rodríguez (31 March 2021 – 17 November 2023)
* Mauro Lalli (1 March 2024 – 15 January 2025)
* Maurizio Bravi (15 January 2025 – present)
# Kristen K. Flaa

Kristen K. Flaa (3 October 1925 – 10 January 2021) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

## Career

He was a farmer and chaired Aust-Agder Agrarian Association from 1955 to 1960. He served as mayor of Birkenes from 1972 to 1991 and county mayor of Aust-Agder from 1972 to 1975.
Flaa also chaired the boards of Fædrelandsvennen and Sørlandsbanken, and was a board member of Norske Melkeprodusenters Landsforbund from 1971 to 1982. The King's Medal of Merit in Gold was bestowed upon Flaa in 1992.
# Rose Place Historic District

The Rose Place Historic District is a small residential historic district located along Rose Place in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It is an example of an "urban court development," which proliferated in Kalamazoo around the turn of the 20th century. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## History

In 1887, Kalamazoo masons John P. Culver and John DeSmit, Jr., purchased the backyard property of the houses located at 904 South Rose and 830 South Rose. They created the small urban court of Rose Place, and began construction on houses lining the street. By 1890, four houses were complete, including one for Culver's own use. Many of the earliest residents of Rose Place were masons and builders, who likely constructed their own houses. This led to an unusually high level of craftsmanship in the neighborhood. More, comparable houses were added in the next few years, and most of the lots were full by 1900; the remaining lots were built up in the first part of the twentieth century. In addition to skilled tradesmen, other early residents of Rose Place were also solidly middle class, including a doctor, business owner, engineer, and plant manager.

## Description

The Rose Place Historic District is located along a single block of Rose Place, a very narrow dead-end alley. The district includes the eleven houses fronting on the Rose Place and two at the mouth of the alley fronting on Rose Street; these were primarily built between 1887 and 1900. The houses are small scale, finely detailed, Late Victorian structures, although one later house, built in 1920, is a bungalow. Many of the structures are of brick construction and are notable for their detailed window ornamentation and finely crafted wooden porches.
# Jules Chappaz

Jules Chappaz (born 4 March 1999) is a French cross-country skier. He won a bronze medal in the individual sprint at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2023, which was his first time competing in a world championship. He also won the 10 km freestyle race at the 2019 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### World Championships

| Year | Age | 15 km  individual | 30 km  skiathlon | 50 km  mass start | Sprint | 4 × 10 km  relay | Team  sprint |
| 2023 | 23 | — | — | — | Bronze | — | — |

### World Cup
#### Season standings

| Season | Age | Discipline standings | Discipline standings | Discipline standings | Discipline standings | Ski Tour standings | Ski Tour standings | Ski Tour standings | Ski Tour standings |
| Season | Age | Overall | Distance | Sprint | U23 | Nordic Opening | Tour de Ski | Ski Tour 2020 | World Cup Final |
| 2020 | 20 | 103 | 58 | — | — | — | DNF | — | — |
| 2021 | 21 | 112 | — | 67 | 17 | — | — | — | — |
| 2022 | 22 | 99 | — | 55 | 18 | 18 | — | — | — |
| 2023 | 23 | 27 | 74 | 12 | — | — | DNF | — | — |
| 2024 | 24 | 24 | 31 | 17 | — | — | 38 | — | — |

#### Individual podiums

* 1 podium – (1 SWC)
| No. | Season | Date | Location | Race | Level | Place |
| 1 | 2023–24 | 30 December 2023 | Toblach, Italy | 1.4 km Sprint F | Stage World Cup | 2nd |
# Handball (video game series)

Handball is a video game series released by Nacon. It is a simulator for handball.

## Handball 16

* Cover athlete: Uwe Gensheimer
* Released for: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One
* Release date: 7 November 2015
The players did not match the real players and there were no away jerseys. This results in teams playing in the same colour.

## Handball 17

* Cover athlete: Thierry Omeyer
* Released for: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox One
* Release date: 11 November 2016
Handball 17 included LNH Division 2, the French second level handball league.
Handball 17 received negative reviews from critics. kicker commented that some aspects of the game were significantly worse than in Handball 16.

## Handball 21

* Cover athlete: Mikkel Hansen
* Released for: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One
* Release date: November 2020
Handball 20 features four major European leagues and several second divisions. 1,600 players are represented.

## Leagues

| Nation | League | 16 | 17 |
| Germany | Handball-Bundesliga | | |
| Germany | 2. Handball-Bundesliga | | |
| France | LNH Division 1 | | |
| France | LNH Division 2 | | |
| Spain | Liga ASOBAL | | |
| Poland | Superliga | | |
| Number of teams | Number of teams | 68 | 82 |
# Treville, Herefordshire

Treville is a rural area and former royal forest in the English county of Herefordshire. It is near Wormbridge and other small settlements.
It was a civil parish from 1858 to 2019 and is now within the parish of Kilpeck.

## Medieval history

Anciently part of the Welsh-speaking territory of Ergyng, which became Archenfield, Welsh was still being spoken in this part of Herefordshire until at least the 18th century.
Treville is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Triveline", an estate containing two ploughlands. Before the Norman Conquest, the land had been held by King Edward and a lord named Alwin; in 1086, the tenant-in-chief was King William, and land was held under him by Cormeilles Abbey in Normandy, Ilbert son of Turold, and Roger of Lacy. There were fourteen households, three smallholders, nine villagers, and two others. The entry also mentions places called Kingstone, Cusop, and Wapleford.
In the year 1230, Henry III granted a royal forest of Treville to John of Monmouth.
In 1320, there was a chantry chapel in the forest of Treville and its control was disputed between Sir Baldwill of Trevville and the Prior of Kilpeck Priory.

## Modern history

According to Samuel Lewis's A Topographical Dictionary of England (1831), Treville was then "a liberty (extra-parochial), in the upper division of the hundred of Wormelow... 6 miles (N. W. by N.) from Ross, containing 74 inhabitants."
Treville was in the Poor law union of Dore and the Registration districts of Dore (1837–1838) and Hereford (1838–1974). In 1858 it became a civil parish.
In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Treville as a parish in Herefordshire, six miles north-west of Ross, containing 1540 acres, with a population of 156. A few years later, The Comprehensive Gazetteer of England & Wales (1894) said "Treville, formerly extra-parochial, now a parish, in Herefordshire, 1 mile NW of St Devereux station on the G.W.R., and 8 miles SW of Hereford. Acreage, 1625; population, 142. Whitfield is the chief residence."
Kelly's Directory of Herefordshire (1909) reports that Percy Archer Clive MP of Treville and William Bailey Partridge JP of Bacton were then the main landowners and notes "The soil is clayey and loamy; the subsoil is clay and sandstone. The chief crops are wheat, barley and oats."

## Present day

All significant local government services for the locality are now provided by Herefordshire Council. With effect from 1 April 2019, a Community Governance Order made by Herefordshire Council abolished the parish of Treville, merging it into Kilpeck.

## Notable people

* Sir Edward Clive (1704–1771) acquired the Wormbridge and Treville estate by a division of family property. It came to his grandfather, George Clive, after he had married the heiress of Martin Husbands, of Wormbridge.
* Edward Bolton Clive (died 1845), of Treville, was appointed as Sheriff of Herefordshire in 1802 and was later a member of parliament for Hereford.
* George Clive (1805–1880), a Liberal politician, grew up at Treville.
* Percy Clive (1873–1918), soldier and member of parliament, lived at Whitfield.
# Hofsteniola

Hofsteniola is a genus of acoels belonging to the family Hofsteniidae.
Species:
# M85 machine gun

The M85 is a heavy machine gun firing .50 BMG ammunition that was used primarily for turreted applications in armored fighting vehicles. It was intended to replace the venerable M2 machine gun with a smaller and much lighter weapon, suitable for use inside fighting vehicles, as opposed to only on external mounts. It was used on the M60 series of tanks and the LVTP-7 amphibious landing vehicle.

## Design and development

Intended as a smaller, lighter, more capable replacement for the venerable M2 Browning machine gun, the M85 was produced by General Electric. The weapon was developed with selectable high and low rates of fire for engagement of both ground and air targets, a feature lacking in the older M2.
The M85 was the standard heavy tank machine gun for the M60 series, and was also used on the LVTP-7 amphibious vehicle. It is an air-cooled, recoil operated machine gun, has a short receiver and quick change barrel, and can be configured for left or right hand feeding. The M85 is significantly lighter than the M2 by 20 lb (9.1 kg) and significantly smaller, a prime consideration for its intended role inside the cramped interiors of armored vehicles. Firing and charging are achieved by pull on one of two color-coded pull chains (black for charging and red for firing), or firing could be initiated by means of a switch activated solenoid on the M-19 cupola elevation mechanism.
The M85 used the M15 push-through link to feed ammunition as opposed to the M2 or M9 pull-out links used on the M2 and M3 Browning machine guns. The M85 had a slow (400 rpm) & high (900 rpm) rate of fire. The link difference created issues with ammunition supply, since despite the same .50 BMG cartridges being used in both machine guns, the ammunition was supplied already packed on links. Re-linking was not practical in the field.
In service the M85 was found to be unreliable due to the metallic link catching in the feed system, compared to the stock M2 machine gun. The weapon was tested on the XM-1 Abrams, but not fitted to the production M1 Abrams, and was replaced by the M2 machine gun on the improved AAVP-7. An attempt was also made to make a version of the M85 that would replace the M2 in the infantry role was designated the M85C, and features standard spade grips and can be fitted to the M3 heavy tripod. The M85C was unpopular and this weapon was not adopted.
The M85 was also tested by the United Kingdom under the designations XL17E1 and XL17E2. They were equipped with special-purpose barrels and evaluated as ranging machine guns. The weapon was not adopted.

## Variants
### M85

* Basic weapon, designed for mounting inside vehicle cupolas

### M85C

* Flexible infantry variant with sights and spade grips
# Thor Gystad

Thor Gystad (born 3 August 1919 in Ullensaker, died 15 June 2007) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus in 1969, and was re-elected on two occasions.
On the local level he was a member of Ullensaker city council from 1951 to 1971 and 1979 to 1983, serving as mayor from 1959 to 1969. From 1959 to 1969 he was also a member of Akershus county council, serving as county mayor from 1963 to 1969.
# Eastville, Lincolnshire

Eastville, a village in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 9 miles (14 km) north-east from Boston and 6 miles (10 km) south from Spilsby.

## History

Eastville was an extra-parochial allotment of the East Fen, which was drained between 1802 and 1813, and constituted as a township by an act of Parliament passed in 1812. It was organized as a civil parish in 1866.
The Anglican parish church in Eastville was dedicated to Saint Paul and built at the same time as the parsonage, house and school. It was authorized under the Fens Churches Act 1816. The Victorian Gothic church was consecrated in 1840 by John C. Carter, and was probably built shortly beforehand. It is a Grade II listed building. The church has been closed since 2007 because of structural problems and ground shrinkage making it unstable; officials have applied to demolish it because there are no funds for restoration. In October 2013, the judge of the Consistory Court urged the diocese to study alternatives for saving the church, as he did not agree that it should be demolished.
The first Eastville school was condemned by an HM Inspector of Schools. A new school was built on the same site by the Eastville School Board (formed in 1895), and opened in 1897 as the Eastville Board School. By 1981, when it finally closed, it was known as the Eastville County Primary School. Tha last Head Teacher was Mrs M B Hands who retired when the school closed. The last school secretary was Mrs Dawber.

### Rail connections
## Economy

There is a composting plant here, producing bagged garden compost.
# Axelle Mollaret

Axelle Mollaret (born 3 September 1992 in Annecy, Haute-Savoie) is a French skyrunner and ski mountaineer.

## Biography

She is physiotherapist. She has been member of the Ski Mountaineering French national selection since 2013. In 2015 she won the biennial Trofeo Mezzalama with teammates Emelie Forsberg and Jennifer Fiechter.

## Selected results

* Pierra Menta
** 2013 : with ITA Elena Nicolini
** 2014 : with SUI Émilie Gex-Fabry
** 2015 : with SWE Emelie Forsberg
** 2016 : Winner with Laetitia Roux
** 2017 : with Lorna Bonnel
** 2018 : Winner with ITA Katia Tomatis
# Primum Mobile

In classical, medieval, and Renaissance astronomy, the Primum Mobile (Latin: "first movable") was the outermost moving sphere in the geocentric model of the universe.
The concept was introduced by Ptolemy to account for the apparent daily motion of the heavens around the Earth, producing the east-to-west rising and setting of the sun and stars, and reached Western Europe via Avicenna.

## Appearance and rotation

The Ptolemaic system presented a view of the universe in which apparent motion was taken for real – a viewpoint still maintained in common speech through such everyday terms as moonrise and sunset. Rotation of the Earth on its polar axis – as seen in a heliocentric solar system, which (while anticipated by Aristarchus) was not to be widely accepted until well after Copernicus – leads to what earlier astronomers saw as the real movement of all the heavenly bodies around the Earth every 24 hours.
Astronomers believed that the seven naked-eye planets (including the Moon and the Sun) were carried around the spherical Earth on invisible orbs, while an eighth sphere contained the fixed stars. Motion was provided to the whole system by the Primum Mobile, itself set within the Empyrean, and the fastest moving of all the spheres.

## Spherical variations

The total number of celestial spheres was not fixed. In this 16th-century illustration, the firmament (sphere of fixed stars) is eighth, a "crystalline" sphere (posited to account for the reference to "waters ... above the firmament" in Genesis 1:7) is ninth, and the Primum Mobile is tenth. Outside all is the Empyrean, the "habitation of God and all the elect".

## Copernicus and after

Copernicus accepted existence of the sphere of the fixed stars, and (more ambiguously) that of the Primum Mobile, as too (initially) did Galileo – though he would later challenge its necessity in a heliocentric system.
Francis Bacon was as sceptical of the Primum Mobile as he was of the rotation of the earth. Once Kepler had made the sun, not the Primum Mobile, the cause of planetary motion, however, the Primum Mobile gradually declined into the realm of metaphor or literary allusion.

## Literary references

* Dante made the Primum Mobile the ninth of the ten heavens into which he divided his Paradiso.
* In Geoffrey Chaucer's "Man of Law's Tale", the Primum Mobile is apostrophized: "O firste moevyng! crueel firmament, / With thy diurnal sweigh that crowdest ay / And hurlest al from est til occident / That naturelly wolde holde another way ..." (ll. 295–298).
* W. B. Yeats wrote: "The Primum Mobile that fashioned us / Has made the very owls in circles move."
* John Ciardi wrote: "One night I dreamed I was locked in my Father's watch / With Ptolemy and twenty-one ruby stars / Mounted on spheres and the Primum Mobile / Coiled and gleaming to the end of space."
# Marcusiola

Marcusiola is a genus of acoels belonging to the family Hofsteniidae.
Species:
# Passive Restraints

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Passive Restraints is the second EP by American rock band Clutch, released in April 1992 via Earache Records. A reissue called Impetus was released in 1997 with extra songs.

## Recording and release

It was a three-song EP with some early punk/metal tracks that don't make the live set list much anymore, though they were a good example of their influence by bands such as Bad Brains. Vocalist Neil Fallon stated, after hearing Bad Brains on their debut self-titled album, Bad Brains:
    "..Upon listening though [to the album], I was totally confused. I had nothing to compare it to. It was freakish. But after repeated listens, there was that eureka moment, and ever since then they have been on the loftiest of rock pedestals"

## Background

The second EP from Clutch was also to become a rare find. It was released on CD and 12" vinyl, but according to Earache Records the 12" is no longer available. It was also the second album produced/engineered with Lawrence "Uncle Punchy" Packer at his studios in their home state of Maryland.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Clutch.

## Personnel

* Neil Fallon – vocals
* Tim Sult – guitar
* Dan Maines – bass
* Jean-Paul Gaster – drums
Production
* Produced by "Uncle Punchy" Lawrence Packer at Uncle Punchy Stoudios in Silver Spring, Maryland
# Henry Karlsen

Henry Nikolai Karlsen (15 April 1912 – 11 October 1975) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Finnmark during the terms 1950–1953, 1958–1961 and 1961–1965.
Born in Nord-Varanger Municipality, Karlsen was mayor of Nord-Varanger Municipality from 1945 to 1963. When the municipality was incorporated into Vadsø Municipality, Karlsen was mayor of that municipality from 1963 to 1972. A member of the county committee in Finnmark from 1951, he became the first county mayor in 1963, and served until his death in 1975.
Outside politics he worked as a local bureaucrat from 1953 to 1968, and as a fisher and farmer.