# Harwich Lifeboat Station

Harwich Lifeboat Station is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) station located in the town of Harwich in the English county of Essex. The station is positioned on the southern side at the mouth of the River Orwell estuary. The station serves a particularly busy section of coastline with Harwich being a very busy ferry terminal. Across the estuary is the Port of Felixstowe which is the United Kingdom's busiest container port.

## History
### 1821: first station

The first lifeboat at Harwich was called Braybrooke, and it was first stationed there in 1821. It was named in honour of Richard Griffin, 2nd Baron Braybrooke, Lord Lieutenant of Essex. The lifeboat was financed by the Essex Lifeboat Association, but no funds were available for a boathouse, so the Braybrooke was moored in the harbour. On the Suffolk side of the estuary at Landguard Fort there was a second lifeboat, the Orwell, which was eventually sold and converted to a yacht. The Harwich lifeboat had ceased operations by 1825, and the Braybrooke's fate is unknown.

### 1875–1917: second station and closure

After the passenger steamship SS Deutschland was wrecked on Kentish Knock on 6 December 1875, it was decided that another lifeboat was needed at Harwich. A new boathouse was built at Timberfields in 1876 and a lifeboat called Springwell arrived in January 1876. The New lifeboat was 35 feet long by 9 feet wide and was self-righting. The Springwell remained at Harwich from 1876 until 1881 and was credited with saving the lives of 61 people, 23 of which had been saved during the launch to the barque Pasithea of Liverpool on 16 February 1883.
In 1889 the RNLI obtained its first steam-powered lifeboat, the Duke of Northumberland, which was sent to Harwich in 1890. The station with Springwell became known as Harwich No. 1 station, whilst the mooring near Halfpenny Pier where the Duke of Northumberland was kept afloat became the No. 2 station. In 1892, the Duke of Northumberland was sent to New Brighton on Merseyside. It was replaced in 1894 by another steam lifeboat, the City of Glasgow.
In 1902 the No. 1 station lifeboat Springwell, the second boat to bear that name, was scrapped. In 1904 station No. 1 was given another Watson-class lifeboat, Ann Fawcett. In the years leading up to World War I, Harwich was used for the testing of new motor lifeboats which were sent to other stations. In 1912 the Ann Fawcett was withdrawn from service once again leaving the City of Glasgow the only lifeboat on station.
By the breakout of the First World War in 1914, the City of Glasgow, the second to bear this name, was the only lifeboat at Harwich. In 1917 the Admiralty commandeered the lifeboat for patrol duties. Harwich Lifeboat Station was closed, leaving the area to be covered by Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station to the north and Walton and Frinton Lifeboat Station to the south.

### 1960s–1980: reopening and European Gateway incident

Harwich Lifeboat Station did not reopen until 1965, when increased traffic to the Harwich ferry as well as the Port of Felixstowe across the estuary necessitated more lifeboats in the area. A 16 ft inshore inflatable lifeboat boat was stationed for the summers of 1965 and 1966. In September 1967, a 44 ft Waveney-class lifeboat, Margaret Graham, was sent to Harwich. After a successful two-year trial period, the Margaret Graham was made a permanent fixture at Harwich, where she remained until being replaced by the John Fison in 1980.
The most notable incident attended by a Harwich station lifeboat was the European Gateway incident of 19 December 1982. The roll-on roll-off car ferry European Gateway was leaving Felixstowe for Zeebrugge when it collided with the train ferry Speedlink Vanguard approaching Harwich Harbour. The bow of the Speedlink Vanguard struck the European Gateway amidship, and she quickly capsized to the point where only half the starboard side of the vessel was above the water. Numerous lifeboats and tugs responded to the scene and began rescuing passengers from the European Gateway within minutes. The Speedlink Vanguard launched her own lifeboat to assist. Within an hour all passengers but six had been rescued. By the time the John Fison arrived, all that remained was to search for the bodies. The John Fison recovered two bodies, three others were located by other boats, and one remained unaccounted for.

### 1997–2003: new station

In 1997, Harwich acquired 17-03 Albert Brown, a Severn-class fast lifeboat built by Green Marine in 1995. She is 17 meters long, 5.5 meters wide with a depth of 1.38 meters, with a top speed of 25 knots and a range of 250 nautical miles. The Albert Brown was financed with bequest from Victoria Brown to commemorate her husband Albert Brown, and christened by Terry Waite CBE on 25 May 1997.
In 2002, Harwich acquired the Sure and Steadfast (B-789), an B-class (Atlantic 75) second generation rigid inflatable boat (RIB). She was named on 18 May 2003 after the motto of the Boys' Brigade in recognition of the fund raising efforts for the RNLI by that organization.
In 2003, funds were secured for a new boathouse and facilities, at a cost of £1.25 million.
On 21 May 2018, the new Atlantic 85-class lifeboat Tierney Harvey & Sonny Reid (B-907) arrived in the town to a warm welcome from crowds and supporters. She was funded by The John & Elizabeth Memorial Trust, which was set up in 1998.
As of 2024, 17-03 Albert Brown and Tierney Harvey & Sonny Reid (B-907) are on service at Harwich.

## Harwich Lifeboat Museum

The 1876 boathouse at Timberfields was opened by the Harwich Society as a lifeboat museum in 1994. The centrepiece is Oakley-class motor lifeboat Valentine Wyndham Quinn which had been stationed at Clacton-on-Sea from 1968 until 1984. After further service in Ireland it was displayed at Cromer for a while. Being rather larger than the 'pulling and sailing' lifeboat that the building had been designed for, the lifeboat had to be partly dismantled to fit through the doors.

## Harwich lifeboats
### Harwich No.1 Station

| ON | Name | In service | Class |
| – | Braybrooke | 1821−1825 | Norfolk and Suffolk |
| Pre-611 | Springwell | 1876−1881 | 35 ft Self-Righting (P&S) |
| 317 | Springwell II | 1881−1902 | 45 ft Self-Righting (P&S) |
| 206 | Reserve No.3 | 1890−1891 | 38 ft 2in Self-righting (P&S) |
| 517 | Ann Fawcett | 1904−1912 | 43ft Watson (P&S) |
    Pre ON numbers are unofficial numbers used by the Lifeboat Enthusiast Society to reference early lifeboats not included on the official RNLI list.

### Harwich No.2 lifeboat station

| ON | Name | In service | Class |
| 231 | Duke of Northumberland | 1890−1892 | Steam |
| 362 | City of Glasgow | 1894−1897 | Steam |
| 362 | City of Glasgow | 1898−1901 | Steam |
| 446 | City of Glasgow | 1901−1917 | Steam |

### Harwich lifeboat station
#### All-Weather Lifeboats

| ON | Op. No. | Name | In service | Class |
| 1004 | 44-005 | Margaret Graham | 1967−1980 | Waveney |
| 1060 | 44-020 | John Fison | 1980−1996 | Waveney |
| 1202 | 17-03 | Albert Brown | 1996− | Severn |

#### Inshore lifeboats

| Op. No. | Name | In service | Class |
| D-71 | Unnamed | 1965−1970 | D-class (RFD PB16) |
| D-14 | Unnamed | 1968 | D-class (RFD PB16) |
| D-201 | Unnamed | 1971 | D-class (Avon S650) |
| D-201 | Unnamed | 1973 | D-class (Avon S650) |
| D-206 | Unnamed | 1974−1975 | D-class (Zodiac III) |
| D-240 | Unnamed | 1976−1978 | D-class (Zodiac III) |
| D-225 | Unnamed | 1977−1978 | D-class (Zodiac III) |
| B-526 | Unnamed | 1978−1987 | B-class (Atlantic 75) |
| B-571 | British Diver II | 1987−2002 | B-class (Atlantic 75) |
| B-789 | Sure and Steadfast | 2002−2018 | B-class (Atlantic 75) |
| B-907 | Tierney Harvey & Sonny Reid | 2018− | B-class (Atlantic 85) |
* 1 2 3 ON is the RNLI's Official Number of the boat.
* 1 2 Op. No. is the RNLI's Operational Number of the boat carried on the hull.

## Station honours

The following are awards made at Harwich
* RNIPLS Silver Medal
       Samuel Wordley - 1829
       William Mudd - 1829
       William Jennings, Master of the smack Spy - 1832
* RNLI Silver Medal
       William Newson, Master of the smack Alfred - 1855
       William Lewis, Master of the smack Tryall - 1856
       Thomas King, Master of the smack Paragon - 1862
       Thomas Adams, Master Mariner - 1862
       Henry Bacon, - 1862
       Benjamin Lambeth - 1862
       John Lambert - 1862
       Robert Scarlett - 1862
       George Wyatt - 1862
          all of the smack Volunteer
       John Carrington, Master of the Steam Tug Liverpool - 1876
       William Britton, Second Coxswain - 1881
       Captain St Vincent Nepean RN, the Institution's District Inspector - 1881
       William Tyrrell, Coxswain - 1893
* RNLI Bronze Medal
       Petty Officer Kenneth Verdun Lee, Coxswain - 1983
       Seaman Barry James Warner - 1983
          of the Trinity House pilot vessel Valour
       Second Officer Michael Anthony Wright - 1983
       Seaman Thomas Edward Wakelin - 1983
          of the Trinity House pilot vessel Patrol
* A Framed Letter of Thanks signed by the Chairman of the Institution
       R Ramplin, Helmsman - 1981
       P Dawson, crew member - 1981
       P Brand, crew member - 1981
       Captain J Lukes - 1983
       A Taylor - 1983
       D Webb - 1983
          of the tugs Sauria, Alfred and Ganges
       Mr George Lawn, lorry driver - 1983
       P Burwood, Coxswain Mechanic - 1985
       L Smith, Second Coxswain - 1985
       K Brand, crew member - 1985
       D Gilders, crew member - 1985
       E Clifton, crew member - 1985
       D Gilders, Second Coxswain Assistant Mechanic - 1987
       K Brand, Emergency Mechanic - 1987
       P Dawson, crew member - 1987
       P Smith, crew member - 1987
       R Barton, crew member - 1987
       Captain R Shaw, Honorary Secretary, crew member - 1987
       Mr H Bell, Branch Chairman, crew member - 1987
       Paul Smith, Second Coxswain - 2001
* A Letter of Thanks signed by the Deputy Director
       Masters of the tug Gray Delta - 1983
       Masters of the tug Gary Gray - 1983
       Captain H H McGibney of the European Gateway - 1983
* 11 Medals, awarded by The Hospitaliers Sauveteurs Bretons
       Coxswain and Crew of the steam lifeboat - 1908
* Member, Order of the British Empire (MBE)
       Captain Roderick Willis Shaw, Honorary Lifeboat Operations Manager - 2013

## Geographic location of neighbouring stations

vteNeighbouring Stations to Harwich :
Suffolk
Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station
North Sea
Essex
Harwich Lifeboat Station''
North Sea
Walton and Frinton Lifeboat Station
North Sea
North Sea :