OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chamisul

Chamisul (Korean: 참이슬; lit. dew) is a brand of soju manufactured by South Korean company HiteJinro. It is the most popular brand of liquor in the world. Chamisul Original is 20.1% ABV, and Chamisul Fresh is 17% ABV.
It is available in 200, 360, 400, and 640 mL bottles, and larger 1.8 L bottles as well.

## Etymology

The name "Chamisul", meaning "dew" in Korean, was created by Son Hye-won, the representative of Cross Point to represent the dew on the bottles of cold soju. It is also the Korean-reading of the hanja Jin-ro (眞露), the name of the company.

## History

* October 9, 1998: First produced with 23% ABV.
* February 2001: Lowered ABV to 22% and redesigned the logo.
* Lowered ABV to 21%.
* February 2006: Lowered ABV to 20.1%.
* December 2009: Changed the logo and label.
* : Chamisul (17.8% ABV), Chamisul CLASSIC (20.1% ABV) renewal.
* April 2018: Chamisul Fresh (17.2% ABV) renewal.
* March 2019: Chamisul Fresh (17% ABV) renewal.

## Chamisul Fresh

Chamisul Fresh is a product with a lowered alcohol content. On April 9, 2018, it was announced that the alcohol content will be lowered from 17.8% to 17.2% ABV starting April 16, 2018. From March 18, 2019, it was lowered again to 17% ABV. After the introduction of Chamisul Fresh on August 18, 2006, the brand was called both "Chamjinisulro" and "Chamisul." In December 2009, it was decided that "Chamisul" would be the sole name.

## Chamisul Original

Chamisul Classic is the derivative of the original Chamisul, with a 20.1% ABV. It was announced on September 11, 2017 that the name will be changed to Chamisul Original.
# Jane Young (tennis)

Jane Young Cooper (born 31 May 1965) is a former professional tennis player from Canada.

## Biography

Young grew up in Waterloo, Ontario and attended the University of Mississippi on a tennis scholarship.
She featured in the main draw of the 1985 US Open as a qualifier, defeating local player JoAnne Russell in the first round, before losing in the second round to Kate Gompert.
From 1985 to 1986 she represented the Canada Fed Cup team in a total of three ties. On debut in 1985 she beat Carina Karlsson to help Canada win a tie against Sweden, but couldn't defeat Csilla Bartos as Canada went down to Hungary in the second round of the competition. In 1986 she was used as a doubles player in Canada's second round loss to Austria. She and partner Jill Hetherington were beaten in a dead rubber by the Austrian pairing of Petra Huber and Judith Polz.
She later studied law at the University of Ottawa, graduating in 1995. Two years later she married husband Mark Cooper and now works as a Crown Attorney in the Waterloo region.

## ITF finals
### Singles (1–1)

| Outcome | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Winner | 20 July 1985 | Midland, United States | Clay | Karen Dewis | 6–0, 2–6, 6–1 |
| Runner-up | 16 July 1989 | Greensboro, United States | Clay | Tami Whitlinger | 2–6, 5–7 |
# Yellow bishop

The yellow bishop (Euplectes capensis), also known as Cape bishop, Cape widow or yellow-rumped widow, is a resident breeding Afromontane bird species.
This common weaver occurs in less arid vegetated areas, such as fynbos, moist grassland and bracken-covered valleys at altitudes from sea level to the Ethiopian highlands.

## Taxonomy

In 1760, the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the yellow bishop in his Ornithologie based on a specimen collected from the Cape of Good Hope. He used the French name Le pinçon du Cap de Bonne Espérance and the Latin Fringilla Capitis Bonae Spei. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the yellow bishop. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Loxia capensis and cited Brisson's work. The specific name capensis denotes the Cape of Good Hope. This species is now placed in the genus Euplectes that was introduced by the English naturalist William Swainson in 1829 with the southern red bishop as the type species. There are six subspecies.

## Description

The yellow bishop is a stocky 15 centimetres (5.9 in) long bird. The breeding male is black apart from his bright yellow lower back, rump, and shoulder patches, and brown edging to the wing feathers. He has a short crest, thick conical black bill, and a relatively short tail. His bill size varies dramatically between races.
In non-breeding plumage, the black plumage is replaced by heavily streaked buffy-brown, and the bill is pale. The yellow shoulders and rump remain, and are a distinction from the female which lacks the contrasting colour patches. The juveniles and females are notoriously difficult to identify in the field, appearing identical to the juveniles and females of several other bishops and widowbirds as well as some seedeaters.
In the breeding season they are usually solitary or in pairs, but the non-breeding yellow bishop is gregarious, often forming flocks with other 'mixed euplectes'.
They feed on seed, grain and some insects.

## Voice

Calls include zeet zeet zeet, and a harsh zzzzzzt given by the male in flight. The song of the isolated SW Cameroon phoenicomerus is quite different: a dry rattle followed by swit-err, swit-err.
* Female in KwaZulu-Natal
* Non-breeding Male in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
* Juveniles in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
# Lavaisse

Lavaisse is a village and municipality in San Luis Province in central Argentina.
# Elton Brown

Elton Gillett Brown (born May 22, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL) for four seasons. He played college football for the University of Virginia, and was recognized as an All-American. The Arizona Cardinals chose him in the fourth round of the 2005 NFL draft, and he also played for the New York Sentinels of the United Football League (UFL). He currently is the assistant head coach and offensive coordinator for The Apprentice School in Newport News, Virginia.

## Early life

Brown was born in Hampton, Virginia. He has a brother named Scorpio Brown who played Wide receiver for the Baltimore Mariners, Richmond Raiders, and Harrisburg Stampede. He attended Hampton High School, where he was a standout player for the Hampton Crabbers high school football.

## College career

Brown accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Virginia, where he played for coach Al Groh's Virginia Cavaliers football team from 2001 to 2004. As a senior in 2004, he was recognized as a first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) selection and a consensus first-team All-American. In recognition of his outstanding college football career, the Virginia athletic department retired his jersey, No. 61, on September 24, 2011.

## Professional career

The Arizona Cardinals selected Brown in the fourth round (111th pick overall) of the 2005 NFL draft, and he played for the Cardinals from 2005 to 2008. After four seasons with the Cardinals, Brown was cut on September 8, 2009. He had started fourteen of the thirty-four games he played for the Cardinals. He finished his professional playing career with the New York Sentinels of the UFL in 2009.
# The Mall School

The Mall School is an independent preparatory school and nursery for boys and girls, in Twickenham, London. The nursery can take up to 75 children aged 6 months to 4 years and the school welcomes pupils from Reception at the age of 4, before leaving for senior schools at the age of 11.

## Facilities

The nursery is accommodated in a self-contained building (formerly the pre-prep) with 5 large bright rooms appropriately equipped for each age group from babies to pre-schoolers, with a large outdoor area and separate outdoor area for babies.
The facilities at the main site include a 160-seat theatre, a science block and garden, art and music studios, an ICT suite, and library. Interactive classroom whiteboards are provided throughout most of the school. An indoor swimming pool and sports hall are on site; use is also made of rugby and football pitches at St.James' Primary School, and cricket pitches and athletics facilities at Sunbury Cricket Club

## School structure

In 2017 the school announced it was to phase out the sitting of the Common Entrance examination at age 13 (Year 8) and the two academic years leading up to them. All boys would select their future schools in Year 6 and, if required, sit 11+ entrance exams for them, and then leave at the age of 11. This change was made in order to follow the trend of senior schools preferring to admit the majority of their pupils at that age. The first 11+ cohort left in the summer of 2019, and the last 13+ cohort in the summer of 2020.
In September 2022 the school's nursery opened for children aged 6 months to 4 years and operates for 11 hours a day across 51 weeks of the year.
In September 2023 the school welcomed girls into the Reception class for the first time and will move towards becoming fully coeducational by 2029.
Some pupils may go on to the leading London day schools, including St. Paul's School, Hampton School and King's College School. Others go to a wide range of single-sex and coeducational day schools including Kingston Grammar School, as well as state grammar schools including Tiffin.

## Link with Chitsime School (Malawi)

The Mall School has had a partnership with Chitsime School in Malawi since 2009.
It is the focus of many fundraising activities, and the boys are motivated to help the school in as many ways as practicable. In particular, in recent years pupils and staff at the Mall have raised thousands of pounds to provide brand new classrooms for Chitsime School.

## Notable alumni

* Zac Goldsmith, former Conservative MP for Richmond Park
* Alex Pettyfer, actor - known for his lead role in Magic Mike
* Crispian Mills, musician
* Noah and the Whale, two members of the band (brothers Charlie and Doug Fink) known for their popular music song 5 Years Time
* Andy Beattie, former rugby player, Bath Rugby Club and England national rugby union team
* Gareth Stedman Jones, historian
# Jalazone

Jalazone (Arabic: مخيّم الجلزون) is a Palestinian refugee camp in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, located 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) north of Ramallah and adjacent to the village of Jifna to the north, Deir Dibwan to the east, Bir Zeit to the west and the Beit El Israeli settlement to the southeast.

## History

Jalazone was established in 1949 on 253 dunams of land, as a result of the Palestinian expulsion following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Like all official West Bank refugee camps, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) had leased the land from Jordan. Most of the plots were state owned before the lease, while the remainder belonged to landowners from various nearby towns. After the Oslo Agreements between the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) and Israel, Jalazone's administrative affairs were transferred to the PNA while security matters remained under Israeli control. UNRWA also provides services to the camp.

## Demographics

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Jalazone had a population of 8,201 inhabitants in 2017. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) estimated the total population to be 14,520 in 2007. The number of inhabitants before 1967 was 5,013. The gender ratio in 2007 was 51.3% male and 48.7% female. The average age of camp residents was 24.
The majority of the refugees were from Lydda and many other Arab villages in central Palestine. The camp is largely maintained by the UNRWA with funding by Saudi Arabia. According to UNRWA archives in 2005, the majority of the families in the camp are descendants of refugees originally from Bayt Nabala (643 families) the neighboring town of Lydda (373 families). According to OCHA statistics, refugees in Jalazone hail from a total of 36 villages, most located in central Palestine, and mainly from Bayt Nabala, Annaba, al-Muzayri'a, Innaba, and al-Khayriyya. Others came from northern towns and villages, particularly Tiberias, Haifa, Sabbarin, Umm az-Zinat as well as al-Dawayima in the south near Hebron.
# Washdown

Washdown (also wash down) is the process of cleaning or washing a surface for appearance, sanitation, or removal of contamination. It may involve pressure washing. Sometimes wash down involves rinsing with fresh water; other times it involves use of detergents and other chemicals.

## Food processing and packaging machinery

Regulations for processing sensitive products such as food and pharmaceuticals require periodic thorough washing and sanitizing. Some equipment can be moved to a central washing facility. Other machinery must be cleaned in place using portable specialized washing equipment. High-pressure cleaning is used with water and cleaning chemicals. A washdown is usually a manual operation and is designed to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. Automatic cleaning of industrial equipment is often carried out by clean-in-place (CIP) and/or steam-in-place (SIP) operations. CIP (CIP) systems often make use of programmable logic controllers and SCADA software.

## Decks and driveways

Washdown is the process of using a stream of water to clean a flat or nearly flat outdoor surface. Typically the area cleaned is a large expanse of concrete or asphalt. The area is cleaned of dirt and debris with the force and dissolving power of stream of water projected from a hose. Generally, one person holds and aims the hose, though if the hose is longer than 300 feet then another person may be required to help move the hose itself. Water is typically squirted from the hose at a pressure of 300 psi. The hose itself can vary in length from 75 to 425 feet. Typically the hose when used by a single person is 300 feet long. The hose itself carries water from a water main which attaches to the hose through what is called a “stinger“. The stinger screws into the water main pipe and is held there.
Also, the stinger as it is pushed down into the water supply pipe opens a seal which releases the water into the hose. At the other end of the hose a nozzle regulates the flow of water and allows for a large fanned-out spray, as well as a more concentrated stream termed a needlepoint.

## Contamination

Military and civil defense have exercises to remove chemical and radioactive contamination from vehicles, buildings, people, etc.
# Yu-Gi-Oh! Legacy of the Duelist

Yu-Gi-Oh! Legacy of the Duelist is 2015 video game from Other Ocean Interactive.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| GameZone | 8/10 |
| Push Square | 8/10 |
| Hardcore Gamer | 4.5/5 |
| Digitally Downloaded | 3/5 |
GameZone said "Hardcore fans of Yu-Gi-Oh! will undoubtedly find a lot to love in this card battling simulator. While it is quite bare bones when it comes to visuals, its simplicity allows for faster-paced gameplay".
Push Square said "Yu-Gi-Oh! Legacy of the Duelist is the ultimate version of arguably one of the best card duelling games on the planet. Essentially a virtual version of the real thing, it probably won't entice those who don't like the franchise, but for die-hard fans and interested newcomers, this is a game that offers unlimited hours of battling fun. If you've ever enjoyed Yu-Gi-Oh!, you owe it to yourself to give this a chance".
# Ekori

Ekori is a community in Yakurr, Nigeria.

## Language and culture

The native language is Lokaa. English is the official language; other languages spoken in Ekori include pidgin English, which most West African people understand. Leboku is the New Yam festival or harvest thanksgiving often celebrated in Ekori during the month of September. Another fascinating cultural event in Ekori is popularly known as KEPU (wrestling), practised when celebrating men and women who have attained a certain age bracket. According to Daryll Forde, 1964 (Yako Studies) this community is the second largest in Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. The people of Ekori living outside the community also contribute through Ekori Progressive Elements League (EPEL), and through age-grade associations known as (Ekoh). EPEL members are primarily women, most of whom live in Calabar, Lagos, and Abuja. The age grades, on the other hand, are composed of individuals of the same age or younger or older by at most two years....

## Religion

The people of Ekori are mainly Christian with about 2% of the population identifying with traditional religions. More than half of the population are subsistence farmers; they plant mainly cassava, maize, Yam and vegetables. Eighty percent of the cassava is processed into garri. They also have civil servants and Entrepreneurs. Commercial farmers mainly owners of small-holding oil palm estates can be found in the community.

## Communities

Communities of note in Ekori include; Three (3) major Ward: (1). Ajere,(2).Ntan and (3). Epenti, other few of the many communities are Lekpankom, Benini Ekori Epepe, Aferekpe, Epenti Beach, Ajere Beach, and Ntinton.
# Hydroxetamine

Hydroxetamine (3'-hydroxy-2-oxo-PCE, O-desmethylmethoxetamine, HXE) is a recreational designer drug from the arylcyclohexylamine family, with dissociative effects. It is known as an active metabolite of the dissociative designer drug methoxetamine, but has also been sold in its own right since late 2019.
# Timothé Rupil

Timothé Rupil (born 12 June 2003) is a Luxembourgish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Regionalliga club Schalke 04 II and the Luxembourg national team.

## Club career

On 12 June 2024, Rupil signed with Schalke 04 II.

## International career

Rupil made his international debut for Luxembourg on 7 October 2020 in a friendly match against Liechtenstein, which finished as a 1–2 home loss.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 8 November 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Mainz 05 II | 2020–21 | Regionalliga Südwest | 3 | 0 | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| Mainz 05 II | 2021–22 | Regionalliga Südwest | 7 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 |
| Mainz 05 II | 2022–23 | Regionalliga Südwest | 25 | 4 | — | — | 25 | 4 |
| Mainz 05 II | 2023–24 | Regionalliga Südwest | 15 | 3 | — | — | 15 | 3 |
| Mainz 05 II | Total | Total | 50 | 7 | — | — | 50 | 7 |
| Schalke 04 II | 2024–25 | Regionalliga West | 13 | 2 | — | — | 13 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 63 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 9 |

### International

    As of match played 15 November 2024
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Luxembourg |
| Luxembourg | 2020 | 1 | 0 |
| Luxembourg | 2021 | 1 | 0 |
| Luxembourg | 2022 | 4 | 0 |
| Luxembourg | 2023 | 4 | 0 |
| Luxembourg | 2024 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 12 | 0 |
# Juan Alanis (politician)

Juan Alanis (born June 17, 1978) is an American politician who is currently serving in the California State Assembly for the 22nd district since 2022. Previously, he was the Sergeant for the Stanislaus County Sheriff from 1995 to 2022.

## Early life and education

Alanis was born on June 17, 1978, in Modesto, California, growing up in the neighboring city of Riverbank. As a sophomore at Riverbank High School, he joined the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps. With the help of a resource officer, he was hired as a part-time employee for the Sheriff's office as part of the Sheriff's Explorers Program. He later attended Modesto Junior College and California State University, Stanislaus, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in 2017.

## Political career

In 2017, he announced his campaign for Stanislaus County Sheriff to succeed Adam Christianson, going against Patterson Police Chief Jeff Dirkse and Deputy Sheriff Tom Letras. Alanis lost against Dirkse in the election with 48.13%.
In 2021, Alanis again announced his campaign for sheriff against Jeff Dirkse, but after the newly redrawn 22nd district of the California State Assembly placed Modesto into the district, Alanis withdrew from the sheriff election and announced his campaign for State Assembly. In the general election, he went against Democrat Jessica Self, with Alanis defeating Self to become a member of the Assembly. He was sworn in on December 5, 2022, and was placed on the Public Safety, Agriculture, and Water committees.

## Electoral history

2022 California's 22nd State Assembly district election :
| Primary election |||||
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Juan Alanis | 23,453 | 36.5 |
| | Democratic | Jessica Self | 17,315 | 27.0 |
| | Democratic | Chad M. Condit | 13,015 | 20.3 |
| | Republican | Joel Gutierrez Campos | 8,160 | 12.7 |
| | Republican | Lupita Salazar | 2,250 | 3.5 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 64,193 | 100.0 |
| General election |||||
| | Republican | Juan Alanis | 60,338 | 58.1 |
| | Democratic | Jessica Self | 43,526 | 41.9 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 103,864 | 100.0 |
| | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) |
# Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct

The Changhua–Kaohsiung Viaduct (Chinese: 彰化－高雄高架橋) is the world's second longest bridge. The bridge acts as an overland viaduct for part of the railway line of the Taiwan High Speed Rail network. Over 200 million passengers had been carried over it by December 2012.

## Location

The viaduct starts in Baguashan (八卦山) in Changhua County and ends in Zuoying in Kaohsiung.
Changhua, Yunlin, Chiayi, and Tainan stations are located on this viaduct.

## Design

Completed in 2004, the bridge is 157.317 kilometers (97.752 mi) in length. The railway is built across a vast series of viaducts, as they were designed to be earthquake resistant to allow for trains to stop safely during a seismic event and for repairable damage following a maximum design earthquake. Bridges built over known fault lines were designed to survive fault movements without catastrophic damage.
# WTBG

WTBG (95.3 FM, "95.3 Brownsville Radio") is a radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information format. Licensed to Brownsville, Tennessee, United States, the station is currently owned by Wireless Group, Inc. and features programming from Cumulus Media Networks.
# 1850 in South Africa

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1850 in South Africa.

## Events

* Wesleyan settlers arrive in Natal
* The "Childe Herold", a British ship en route from Bombay to London is wrecked off Dassen Island, Cape Colony
* 23 April — A mass meeting is held in Cape Town to petition Queen Victoria to grant the Cape Colony a government

## Births

* 9 April — Julius Charles Wernher, financier and mine magnate
* 23 April — Andries Jacobus Bester, the Boer commandant of the Bethlehem commando, is born in Bloemfontein
* 4 September 1850 - Abraham Fischer, Prime Minister of the Orange River Colony. (d. 1913)