# Handspring Puppet Company

The Handspring Puppet Company is a South African puppetry performance and design company. It was established in 1981 by Adrian Kohler, Basil Jones, Jon Weinberg, and Jill Joubert, and is based in Cape Town, South Africa.

## History

Jones and Kohler met at the Michaelis School of Fine Art in Cape Town. At first, they designed puppets for children-targeted productions, which Jones initially disliked. Kohler "introduced him [Jones] to the West African tradition of puppetry for adults," working with Malcolm Purkey and Barney Simon, among others.

## Productions

Some notable productions include:

### Episodes of an Easter Rising

Esther van Ryswyk directed Episodes of an Easter Rising (1985), a play based on David Lytton's radio special of the same name. It told the story of two white lesbian women who became part of South Africa's anti-apartheid struggle. It premiered at the Baxter Theatre in Cape Town and toured to the National Arts Festival in Makhanda (formerly Grahamstown), WITS University Theatre in Johannesburg and to the 7th World Festival of Puppet Theatre in Charleville-Mézières, France.

### Ubu and the Truth Commission

In 1997, they worked with William Kentridge (director) and Jane Taylor (scriptwriter) on Ubu and the Truth Commission. The play draws extensively on Alfred Jarry's absurdist production Ubu Roi (1896). It fuses the chaos of the Ubu legend with original testimony from witnesses at the post-apartheid Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). It highlights Kentridge's work in the evolution of truth through a combination of fictional narratives and facts. The production premiered in Weimer, Germany on 17 June 1997. Over the next two years, it toured to 38 theatres in South Africa, Europe and the USA.

### Tall Horse

Tall Horse (directed by Marthinus Basson in 2004) was a collaboration between the Sogolon Puppet Troupe of Mali and Handspring Puppet Company. The production was based on historical events: in 1827 the Pasha of Egypt, Muhammad Ali, sent a giraffe as a gift to King Charles X of France. The play dramatised the giraffe's journey across the Mediterranean Sea and the politics underlying it. With initial funding from the John F. Kennedy Centre in Washington, D.C, Tall Horse was also supported by Anglo Gold Ashanti, a mining company with interests in both Mali and South Africa.

### War Horse

The Handspring Puppet Company achieved critical acclaim when War Horse featuring life-size puppets they had created, premiered at the Royal National Theatre in South Bank, London, on 17 October 2007. Kohler and Jones worked with directors Marianne Elliott and Tom Morris and choreographer Toby Sedgwick to design and construct life-sized horse puppets, each controlled by three actors. Two actors operate the legs and a third controls the head and neck, with all three actors providing a variety of sound effects. The company won an Olivier Award, Evening Standard Theatre Award and London Critics' Circle Theatre Award. The show transferred to the West End on 28 March 2009, and on 15 March 2011, it premiered on Broadway at the Vivian Beaumont Theater in New York City. The play has been performed globally to nearly eight million people worldwide.

### Or You Could Kiss Me

The company collaborated with Neil Bartlett and Rae Smith on Or You Could Kiss Me, which opened at London's National Theatre on 5 October 2010, for a six-week season. The show has been described as "an intimate history of two very private lives, lived in extraordinary times". It was loosely based on the lives of Kohler and Jones, and speculated on their future circumstances when both men reach the age of 85.

## Exhibitions

* Unmasking the Puppet —1987 This exhibition opened at the UNISA Gallery in Pretoria and toured to the Johannesburg Art Gallery, the Durban Art Museum, the Tatham Art Gallery in Pietermaritzburg, and the South African National Gallery in Cape Town.
* Episodes 2001–2003 Presented in various venues across South Africa, this installation included puppets from seven productions created over 16 years. Episodes represented a retrospective of Handspring's work. The exhibition was sponsored by the Goodman Gallery.
* Patrimony 2004–2005 An exhibition of Bamana Puppets from Mali, featured puppets from the extensive family collection of Yaya Coulibali. It toured South Africa.
* At Arms Length – The Art of African Puppetry – 2006 Produced by the Museum for African Art (now known as The Africa Center, New York), this exhibit presented nearly 100 animated puppets, marionettes and puppet sculptures used in traditional and contemporary theatrical performances from Handspring and the Sogolon Puppet Troupe from Mali.
* The Puppet Show – 2008 Produced by the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, USA at the Pennsylvania State University and the Frye Art Museum in Seattle. Here the kinetic work of leading contemporary artists was set off against a backdrop of more puppeteers from the world of professional theatre.
* KKNK National Art Festival – 2011 Selected as a featured visual artist for a solo exhibition at the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival, held annually in Oudtshoorn, South Africa, Handspring Puppet Company exhibited puppets featured in performances in the preceding 2 years that were in line for further international touring.
* National Theatre Gallery London – 2012 This exhibition explained the puppet-making process for War Horse.
* Circa Gallery, Johannesburg – 2016 An exhibition of Joey and Topthorn, characters from War Horse, together with portraits of puppets in the Handspring archives which Kohler had realised as editioned linocut prints.

## Awards
### Theatrical Awards

2007 Evening Standard Awards
Best Design (Rae Smith and the Handspring Puppet Company, winner)
2007 Critics' Circle Theatre Awards
Best Designer (Basil Jones, Adrian Kohler, Rae Smith and the Handspring Puppet Company, winner)
2008 Laurence Olivier Awards
Best Set Design (Rae Smith, Basil Jones and Adrian Kohler, winner)

#### 2011 Tony Awards

Adrian Kohler and Basil Jones won the Special Tony Award for War Horse.
2011 Outer Critics Circle Awards
Outer Critics Circle Special Achievement Award for "Puppet Design, Fabrication and Direction for War Horse"

### Honorary Awards

2012 – Honorary Doctorate of Literature Kohler and Jones both received an honorary doctorate in literature from the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
2018 – John F. Kennedy Gold Medal Kohler and Jones received the John F. Kennedy Gold Medal in the Arts from the Kennedy Center International Committee on the Arts at a ceremony held at the Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa.

## Production Schedule

Schedule for productions featuring puppets created by Handspring Puppet Company :
| Title | Title | Year/s | Country | Cities |
| Episodes of an Easter Rising | Episodes of an Easter Rising | 1985 | South Africa | Cape Town, Makhanda (formerly Grahamstown), Johannesburg |
| Episodes of an Easter Rising | Episodes of an Easter Rising | 1985 | France | Charleville-Mézières |
| A Midsummer Night's Dream | A Midsummer Night's Dream | 1988–1989 | South Africa | Stellenbosch, Cape Town, Makhanda, Johannesburg |
| Carnival of the Bear | Carnival of the Bear | 1988 | South Africa | Johannesburg |
| Tooth and Nail | Tooth and Nail | 1989 | South Africa | Johannesburg |
| Starbrites! | Starbrites! | 1990–91 | South Africa | Johannesburg |
| Starbrites! | Starbrites! | 1990–91 | United Kingdom | Cambridge, Oxford, Birmingham, Nottingham, London |
| Starbrites! | Starbrites! | 1990–91 | Ireland | Dublin |
| Starbrites! | Starbrites! | 1990–91 | Denmark | Copenhagen |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | South Africa | Makhanda, Johannesburg, Cape Town |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Germany | Munich, Stuttgart, Hamburg, Bochum, Braunschweig, Berlin |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Belgium | Antwerp, Brussels |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Switzerland | Fribourg, Basel, Zurich |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | United Kingdom | Leeds, Glasgow |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Canada | Toronto |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Spain | Granada, Girona |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Sweden | Göteborg |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | USA | New York, Chicago |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | China | Hong Kong |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Australia | Adelaide, Perth, Brisbane |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | New Zealand | Wellington |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Colombia | Bogotá |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Israel | Jerusalem |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | France | Avignon, Paris, Châlons |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Norway | Stavanger |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Italy | Rome |
| Woyzeck on the Highveld | Woyzeck on the Highveld | 1992–2009 | Poland | Wroclaw |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Germany | Weimar, Berlin, Stuttgart, Munich, Hannover, Remscheid, Gütersloh, Erlangen, Bochum, Ellwangen, Hamburg, Strasbourg |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | South Africa | Makhanda, Johannesburg |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Switzerland | Zurich, Basel |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Czech Republic | Prague |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | United Kingdom | London |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Portugal | Lisbon |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Australia | Adelaide |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Belgium | Brussels |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | France | Dijon, Avignon, Marseilles, Tarbes, Toulouse, Paris, Sochaux, Bourg—en-Bresse, Chambéry |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Israel | Jerusalem |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Denmark | Copenhagen |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Austria | St. Pölten |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Italy | Polverigi, Rome |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | Spain | Seville |
| Faustus in Africa | Faustus in Africa | 1995–1997 | USA | Washington, Chicago, Springfield, Northampton |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Germany | Weimar, Hannover, Ludwigsburg, Erlangen, Munich, Wiesbaden |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | South Africa | Makhanda, Johannesburg, Stellenbosch |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | France | Avignon, Rungis, Nantes, Dijon, Toulouse, Paris, Lannion, Saint-Brieuc, Vannes, Quimper, Amiens |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Switzerland | Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Neuchâtel |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Norway | Kristiansand |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | USA | New York, Washington, Los Angeles |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Belgium | Antwerp |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Sweden | Stockholm, Göteborg |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Denmark | Copenhagen, Randers |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Czech Republic | Prague |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Italy | Rome, Reggio Emilia |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Netherlands | Rotterdam |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | Réunion Island | Saint-Denis |
| Ubu and the Truth Commission | Ubu and the Truth Commission | 1997–1999 | United Kingdom | London |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Belgium | Brussels |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Austria | Vienna |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Germany | Berlin, Potsdam |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Netherlands | Amsterdam |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Switzerland | Zurich |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | South Africa | Makhanda, Pretoria |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Portugal | Lisbon |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | USA | New York, Seattle, San Francisco |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | France | Caen, Besançon, Nîmes, Toulouse, Lyon, Vichy, Versailles |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Australia | Melbourne |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Italy | Venice, Palermo |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | Spain | Girona |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | United Kingdom | Edinburgh |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | South Korea | Gwangju |
| Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | Il Ritorno d'Ulisse | 1998–2023 | China | Hong Kong |
| The Chimp Project | The Chimp Project | 2000 | Germany | Hannover, Recklinghausen, Weimar, Munich, Nuremberg |
| The Chimp Project | The Chimp Project | 2000 | South Africa | Makhanda, Johannesburg, Cape Town |
| The Chimp Project | The Chimp Project | 2000 | Switzerland | Basel |
| The Chimp Project | The Chimp Project | 2000 | France | Paris |
| The Chimp Project | The Chimp Project | 2000 | Réunion Island | Saint-Denis |
| Zeno at 4 am | Zeno at 4 am | 2001 | Belgium | Brussels |
| Zeno at 4 am | Zeno at 4 am | 2001 | France | Paris, Angoulême, Toulouse, Amiens |
| Zeno at 4 am | Zeno at 4 am | 2001 | USA | Minneapolis, Chicago, New York |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Belgium | Brussels |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Germany | Kassel, Frankfurt, Berlin, Hamburg |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Croatia | Zagreb |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | South Africa | Makhanda, Stellenbosch |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Italy | Rome |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Spain | Salamanca |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | France | Paris, Caen, Angoulême |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Singapore | Singapore |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Canary Islands | Las Palmas |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Portugal | Lisbon |
| Confessions of Zeno | Confessions of Zeno | 2002–2003 | Spain | Vitoria |
| Tall Horse | Tall Horse | 2007–2009 | South Africa | Cape Town, Pretoria, Johannesburg |
| Tall Horse | Tall Horse | 2007–2009 | Germany | Stuttgart |
| Tall Horse | Tall Horse | 2007–2009 | USA | Williamstown, New York, Pittsburgh, Ann Arbor, Chapel Hill, Washington DC |
| War Horse (play) | National Theatre Production | 2009-2016 | United Kingdom | London |
| War Horse (play) | West End Production | 2011–2013 | United Kingdom | London |
| War Horse (play) | Broadway Production | 2012–2013 | USA | New York |
| War Horse (play) | Toronto Production | 2012–2014 | Canada | Toronto |
| War Horse (play) | US National Tour | 2012–2014 | USA/ Japan | Launched in Los Angeles, it toured 29 cities, ending in Tokyo, Japan |
| War Horse (play) | Australian Tour | 2013–2014 | Australia | Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane |
| War Horse (play) | First UK National Tour | 2013–2014 | United Kingdom | Plymouth, Birmingham, Salford Quays, Edinburgh, Southampton, Dublin, Sunderland, Cardiff |
| War Horse (play) | Berlin, Germany | 2014–2015 | Germany | Berlin |
| War Horse (play) | Netherlands | 2014–2015 | Netherlands | Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Breda, Groningen, Apeldoorn and Heerlen |
| War Horse (play) | South Africa | 2015–16 | South Africa | Johannesburg, Cape Town |
| War Horse (play) | China | 2017–present | | Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang Tianjin. |
| War Horse (play) | 10th Anniversary Tour | 2017–present | China | Canterbury, Bristol, Liverpool, Oxford, Brighton , Bradford, Nottingham, Edinburgh, Southampton, Salford, Cardiff , Woking, Plymouth, Milton Keynes, Birmingham, London, Glasgow, Sunderland , Stoke-on-Trent, Dublin, Liverpool, Leicester, London |
| Or You Could Kiss Me | Or You Could Kiss Me | 2010 | United Kingdom | London |
| Little Amal, The Walk | Little Amal, The Walk | 2021 | Europe and United Kingdom | 65 towns and cities in Turkey, Greece, Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and United Kingdom. |