OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Myhre Township, Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota

Myhre Township is a township in Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 213 at the 2000 United States census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.8 square miles (92.7 km$^2$), of which 35.7 square miles (92.4 km$^2$) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.3 km$^2$) (0.28%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 213 people, 76 households, and 59 families residing in the township. The population density was 6.0 people per square mile (2.3/km$^2$). There were 96 housing units at an average density of 2.7/sq mi (1.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 96.71% White, 0.47% African American, 0.47% Asian, and 2.35% from two or more races.
There were 76 households, out of which 36.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.8% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.1% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.23.
In the township the population was spread out, with 32.4% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.7 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $31,563, and the median income for a family was $39,000. Males had a median income of $30,000 versus $17,143 for females. The per capita income for the township was $11,809. About 4.3% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.0% of those under the age of 18 and 11.8% of those 65 or over.
# Giuseppe Verduci

Giuseppe Verduci (born 4 January 2002) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Serie C Group A club Arzignano.

## Career
### Early career

Verduci joined Polisportiva Bruinese at the age of four. He moved to Torino at the age of six. At the age of 10, he moved to Juventus. In 2017, he won the under-15s championship.

### Juventus U23

Verduci made his debut for Juventus U23 – the reserve team of Juventus – on 7 March 2021 in a 1–0 away win against Grosseto. On 25 August 2021, Verduci was loaned to Grosseto. On 31 January 2022, Verduci's loan was interrupted. He only made 6 appearances with them. On 2 November, he scored his first professional goal in a Coppa Italia Serie C match against FeralpiSalò.

### Siena

On 23 January 2023, Verduci joined Serie C side Siena on a permanent deal, signing a long-term contract with the club.

### Arzignano

On 26 August 2024, Verduci moved to Arzignano.

## Style of play

Verduci is mainly a left-back, but can also play as a centre-back.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 30 November 2022
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Coppa Italia | Coppa Italia | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Juventus Next Gen | 2020–21 | Serie C | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Juventus Next Gen | 2021–22 | Serie C | 7 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Juventus Next Gen | 2022–23 | Serie C | 5 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 7 | 1 |
| Juventus Next Gen | Total | Total | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 1 |
| Grosseto (loan) | 2021–22 | Serie C | 6 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 1 |
* ↑ One appearance, one goal in Coppa Italia Serie C
# İbrahim Ayhan

İbrahim Ayhan (10 February 1968 – 20 September 2018) was a Turkish politician of Kurdish origin and a former Member of Parliament for Şanlıurfa.

## Personal life and professional career

Born in Siverek, Şanlıurfa, he graduated from the Yüzüncü Yıl University in Van in 1992. After he worked as a teacher. From 1997 to 2007, he was an executive and chairperson of the Education and Science Workers' Union in Urfa. He was married with two children.

## Political career and legal prosecution

On 5 October 2010, he was arrested as part of an investigation into the Kurdish confederalist Group of Communities in Kurdistan (KCK) organisation. After he became an independent candidate and was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Sanliurfa in the general elections of 2011. A court in Diyarbakır refused to release several elected independent MPs, as was also Ayhan. He appealed to the Constitutional Court, claiming that the legally allowed detention time had been exceeded and his right to stand in elections had been violated. He was released alongside the imprisoned MP Gülser Yıldırım on 3 January 2014, enabling them to take the oath. On 28 August 2014, he joined the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) parliamentary caucus along with all other BDP MPs. He was re-elected in the general elections of June and November 2015. In February 2018 he was dismissed as Member of Parliament for having shown solidarity with a killed fighter from the Peoples' Protection Units (YPG). He was sentenced to 1 year and 3 months imprisonment for sharing a photograph a fighter killed in Syrian Kurdistan, which was interpreted as terror propaganda. On the 20 September 2018 Ayhan died due to a heart attack he suffered in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan.
# 1999 in Jordan

Events from the year 1999 in Jordan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Hussein (until 7 February), Abdullah II (starting 7 February)
* Prime Minister: Fayez al-Tarawneh (until 4 March), Abdelraouf al-Rawabdeh (starting 4 March)

## Deaths

* 7 February - King Hussein
# WRDS-LP

WRDS-LP (104.3 FM) is a southern gospel radio station licensed to Roscommon, Michigan, United States. The station is currently owned by Soul's Harbor Assembly of God Church.
# Sturgeon River, Minnesota

Sturgeon River is an unorganized territory in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 99 at the 2000 census.
The unincorporated community of Celina is located within Sturgeon River Unorganized Territory.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the unorganized territory has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.0 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

At the 2000 United States census there were 99 people, 44 households, and 26 families living in the unorganized territory. The population density was 2.8 inhabitants per square mile (1.1/km$^2$). There were 85 housing units at an average density of 2.4 per square mile (0.93/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the unorganized territory was 91.92% White, 1.01% Native American, and 7.07% from two or more races. Of the 44 households 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.1% were married couples living together, and 40.9% were non-families. 36.4% of households were one person and 11.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 3.04.
The age distribution was 23.2% under the age of 18, 1.0% from 18 to 24, 20.2% from 25 to 44, 38.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% 65 or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.1 males.
The median household income was $23,875 and the median family income was $55,938. Males had a median income of $48,750 versus $32,375 for females. The per capita income for the unorganized territory was $18,659. There were 32.1% of families and 18.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 47.4% of those over 64.
# 3rd Michigan Cavalry Regiment

The 3rd Michigan Cavalry Regiment was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Service

The 3rd Michigan Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids, Michigan, between August 24 and November 28, 1861.
Private James H. Robinson of Company B would later be awarded the Medal of Honor for his bravery at a fight at Brownsville, Arkansas, on January 27, 1864.
The regiment was mustered out of service on March 15, 1866.

## Total strength and casualties

The regiment suffered 3 officers and 27 enlisted men killed in action or mortally wounded and 4 officers and 380 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 414 fatalities.

## Commanders

* Colonel John Kemp Mizner
# William Wellington Gqoba

William Wellington Gqoba (August 1840 – 26 April 1888) was a South African Xhosa poet, translator, and journalist. He was a major nineteenth-century Xhosa writer, whose relatively short life saw him working as a wagonmaker, a clerk, a teacher, a translator of Xhosa and English, and a pastor.
Gqoba was born in Gaba, near Alice, Eastern Cape. His father was Gqoba of the Cirha clan, and his grandfather, Peyi, had been a disciple and close associate of Ntsikana, who had played a key role in Xhosa literature, as well as in the Xhosa's conversion to Christianity.
Gqoba attended the Mission School at Tyhume, followed by the Lovedale Institute. In May 1856 he was indentured as a wagonmaker, working in Lovedale, then in King William's Town for a year, and finally at Brownlee Station. In 1858 he was installed as an elder in Tiyo Soga's mission church at Mgwali.
From 1884 until his death in 1888 he was the editor of Isigidimi samaXhosa (The Xhosa Messenger), in which he also published his own articles on the history of the Xhosa people.
His fame, however, was a result of his poetry — in particular two long poems ("The Discussion between the Christian and the Pagan" and "The Great Discussion on Education") whose style was influenced by John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress in Tiyo Soga's Xhosa translation. In both poems, Gqoba presents arguments between the Christian and other points of view, in which he has the Christian argument winning the day.
Gqoba died at Lovedale, near Alice.

## Sources and external links

* "William Wellington Gqoba" Archived 8 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine — Xhosa Intellectuals of the 1880s
* "William Wellington Gqoba" — Encyclopædia Britannica article
* William Wellington (Mbaba, Goba) Gqoba Archived 19 April 2013 at archive.today — N.E. Sonderling [ed.] New Dictionary of South African Biography, vol. 2 (Pretoria: Vista)
* This article about a South African poet is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Tivadar Soros

Tivadar Soros (Esperanto: Teodoro Ŝvarc; born Theodor Schwartz; 7 April 1893 – 22 February 1968) was a Hungarian lawyer, author and editor. He is best known for being the father of billionaire George Soros, and engineer Paul Soros.
He was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in Nyírbakta, Hungary, near the border with Ukraine. His father had a general store and sold farm equipment. When Tivadar was eight, his father moved the family to Nyiregyhaza, the regional center in north-eastern Hungary, providing a somewhat less isolated life experience.
He first met his wife Erzsébet when she was eleven years old during a visit to the home of her father Mor Szücs, a cousin of his own father.
He studied law at the Franz Joseph University in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca), in what was then Hungarian Transylvania.
Soros fought in World War I and spent years in a prison camp in Siberia before escaping. He founded the Esperanto literary magazine Literatura Mondo (Literary World) in 1922, having learned the language from a fellow soldier during the war, and edited it until 1924.
In 1936, Soros changed the family's surname from the German-Jewish "Schwartz" to "Soros", in an attempt to protect the family from Hungary's increasing antisemitism. Soros was said to like the new name because it is a palindrome and because of its meaning; in Hungarian, soros means "next"; in Esperanto it means "will soar".
Soros forged paperwork, giving the family's new alias, as the Germans occupied Hungary in 1944. The family fled to safe houses for nearly a year, until Soviet forces invaded the country.
Soros died of cancer in New York in 1968.

## Publications

* Modernaj Robinzonoj ("Modern Robinsons") (1923), a short account of his escape from a Russian prison camp, which was republished in 1999 by Esperanto publisher Bero and was translated into several languages, including English (Crusoes in Siberia, Mondial, 2010).
* Maskerado ĉirkaŭ la morto ("Masquerade around death") (1965), an autobiographical novel about Soros's experience during the Nazi occupation of Budapest. It has been translated into English (Maskerado: Dancing Around Death London: Canongate, 2000), French, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Czech, Russian, German and Turkish.
# Chiaroscuro: The Private Lives of Leonardo da Vinci

Chiaroscuro: The Private Lives of Leonardo da Vinci is a ten-issue Vertigo comic book limited series published from 1995 to 1996, which was repackaged in 2005 as a single volume. The series was written by Pat McGreal and David Rawson and illustrated by Chaz Truog and Rafael Kayanan. The original series covers were done by Stephen John Philips and Richard Bruning.

## Plot

A work of historical fiction, Chiaroscuro narrates the life of Leonardo da Vinci from the point of view of Gian Giacomo Caprotti da Oreno (almost exclusively called Salai in the story), a beautiful young man Leonardo adopted as a boy. It shows the influence of their relationship on Leonardo's life and work. In characterizing Salai as scheming, ambitious and selfish, the novel posits that several events in Leonardos's life occurred at least partly because of his manipulations.
The work also speculates a possible homosexual relationship between Leonardo and Salai. Salai is clearly depicted to have had homosexual relations with Leonardo's main rival, Michelangelo and Ludovico Sforza's captain, Sanseverino, while anything occurring between him and Leonardo is simply implied. It is clear, however, that Leonardo used him as a model for his artwork. The relationship between Salai and Leonardo is often tumultuous, culminating with Salai betraying Leonardo by serving as the model for Michelangelo's David.
Chiaroscuro is an art term meaning the play of light and dark in a work.

## Inspiration

Chaz Truog's official website mentions that Chiaroscuro was inspired by Amadeus and Immortal Beloved.

## Works of art

The following works by Leonardo da Vinci were also depicted in the story:
* Mona Lisa
* The Last Supper
* St John the Baptist
* Vitruvian Man
* The Battle of Anghiari
* several vignettes and images from his notebooks, diaries and sketches

## Publication history

Chiaroscuro was originally published in serial form from 1995 to 1996 before being collected as a trade paperback in 2005. It was nominated for the Eisner Award in 1996 for Best Limited Series.

### Collected editions

* Chiaroscuro: The Private Lives of Leonardo da Vinci (trade paperback collects issues #1-10, October 2005, ISBN 1-4012-0498-8)
# WREL

WREL (1450 AM) is a classic country formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Lexington, Virginia, serving Lexington/Buena Vista area. WREL is owned and operated by First Media Radio, LLC.
# Tikander Lake, Minnesota

Tikander Lake is an unorganized territory in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 783 at the 2000 census.
Nearby places include Fayal Township, Biwabik Township, White Township, Palo, and Makinen.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the unorganized territory has a total area of 36.3 square miles (94.1 km$^2$); 35.0 square miles (90.6 km$^2$) is land and 1.4 square miles (3.5 km$^2$) (3.77%) is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 United States census there were 783 people, 306 households, and 234 families living in the unorganized territory. The population density was 22.4 inhabitants per square mile (8.6/km$^2$). There were 372 housing units at an average density of 10.6 per square mile (4.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the unorganized territory was 98.21% White, 0.38% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, and 0.89% from two or more races. Of the 306 households 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.6% were married couples living together, 3.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 19.6% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.91.
The age distribution was 23.0% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 34.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% 65 or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.1 males.
The median household income was $46,012 and the median family income was $48,523. Males had a median income of $39,479 versus $28,542 for females. The per capita income for the unorganized territory was $21,061. About 3.8% of families and 4.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.
# Thomas R. G. Green

Thomas R. G. Green (born 1941) is a British cognitive scientist, and Visiting Professor at the University of York, known for his contribution to cognitive modelling and the development of the concept of cognitive dimensions of notations.
In the 1980s Green was working for MRC Applied Psychology Unit in Cambridge, and became reader in computing at the Open University. In 2015 he is Visiting Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of York, and is affiliated with the Department of Computer Science of the University of Leeds.
His research interests reaches from "Programming language design and cognitive psychology", "Interaction as an action language", and "Cognitive dimensions of notations and devices" to "Models of information artifacts" and "Virtual devices as research tools."

## Selected publications

* Thomas R. G. Green, Stephen J. Payne. The Psychology of computer use, Academic Press, 1983.
* Benyon, David, and Thomas Green. Conceptual modeling for user interface development. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1998.
Articles, a selection:
* Payne, Stephen J., and Thomas RG Green. "Task-action grammars: A model of the mental representation of task languages." Human-computer interaction 2.2 (1986): 93-133.
* Green, Thomas RG. "Cognitive dimensions of notations." in: A. Sutcliffe and Macaulay, (eds.), People and Computers V (1989): 443–460.
* Green, Thomas RG, Marian Petre, and R. K. E. Bellamy. "Comprehensibility of visual and textual programs: A test of superlativism against the’match-mismatch’conjecture." ESP 91.743 (1991): 121–146.
* Green, Thomas RG, and Marian Petre. "When visual programs are harder to read than textual programs." Human-Computer Interaction: Tasks and Organisation, Proceedings of ECCE-6 (6th European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics). GC van der Veer, MJ Tauber, S. Bagnarola and M. Antavolits. Rome, CUD. 1992.
* Green, Thomas R. G., and Marian Petre. "Usability analysis of visual programming environments: a ‘cognitive dimensions’ framework." Journal of Visual Languages & Computing 7.2 (1996): 131–174.
# Ukrainian Legion (Poland)

The Ukrainian Legion (Ukrainian: Український легіон, Polish: Legion Ukraiński) is a volunteer unit composed of Ukrainian citizens residing in Poland, established through cooperation of the Ukrainian and Polish governments, and planned to be deployed for Ukraine in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
The unit is planned to be trained and recruited in Poland, with later deployment in the war.

## History

To encourage recruiting of Ukrainian citizens abroad, in early July 2024, the Polish and Ukrainian governments planned to establish a scheme to recruit Ukrainian citizens located in Poland for a new volunteer military formation to serve in the Russo-Ukrainian War.
In mid July 2024, the Polish foreign minister Radosław Sikorski claimed that thousands of Ukrainians in Poland have already registered to become part of the new formation, however it later turned out that the minister was misinformed and there was no official registration at that time. Discussions about the scope of the project are still ongoing, although training already begun as of late July.
In October 2024, the Polish minister of defense Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz reported that the number of Ukrainian volunteers is too small and that the plans to form a brigade of several thousand men had not been realized.
On 3 October 2024, a recruitment center for the Legion had been opened in Lubin.
By 12 November 2024, 600 people had applied for the legion. By 22 December the number has increased to 1,000.
On 24 December 2024, a Ukrainian ambassador stated that a unit of the legion were departed to Ukraine.
In January 2025, the legion had over 1,300 applicants wanting to join, including women.

## Organization

The units are planned to be trained by Western military advisors and have high quality standards, including modern military equipment financed by Poland.
Poland, along Lithuania and other EU allies, will train the volunteers on Polish training grounds.
All administrative work and recruitment is conducted by the Armed Forces of Ukraine, without Polish involvement.
After conclusion of service in the warzone, volunteers would be allowed to return and stay in Poland.

## Outlook

Poland has called on other European nations to provide similar schemes.
The Czech Republic expressed interest in the scheme and will consider involvement in the future, according to a ministry spokesman. Czech Defense Minister Jana Cernochova indicated that discussions are underway to also create a Ukrainian legion in Czechia, citing a large Ukrainian community in the country as a reason.
# Nicholas Mayhew

Nicholas Julian Mayhew (Nick Mayhew) (1948 - 17 August 2024) was a British numismatist and historian. Mayhew was Emeritus Professor of Numismatics and Monetary History, at the Ashmolean Museum, specialising in British and European medieval monetary history and numismatics. He was formerly deputy director (Collections) at the Ashmolean Museum. He first joined the Ashmolean Museum in 1971. Mayhew died on 17 August 2024.

## Awards and honours

* 1995 - Jeton de Vermeil - awarded by the Société française de numismatique
* 2002 - Medal of the Royal Numismatic Society
* 2015 - Money, Prices and Wages: Essays in Honour of Professor Nicholas Mayhew, ed. by Martin Allen and D’Maris Coffman (Palgrave Macmillan, 2015).

## Publications

* 1988 - Coinage in France from the Dark Ages to Napoleon (Seaby)
* 1997 - The gros tournois : proceedings of the Fourteenth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication 31.
* 1999 - Sterling: the rise and fall of a currency (Allen Lane, Penguin)
* 2006 - Changing Values in Medieval Scotland: A study of prices, money, and weights and measures, with Elizabeth Gemmill (CUP).
* 2008 - "Research in English museums : university and regional museums", in Görel Cavalli-Björkman and Svante Lindqvist (eds), Research and Museums: Proceedings of an International Symposium in Stockholm 22–25 May 2007, pp. 148–159.