OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# New York Lincoln Giants

The New York Lincoln Giants were a Negro league baseball team based in New York City from 1911 through 1930.

## Founding

The Lincoln Giants can trace their origins back to the Nebraska Indians, of Lincoln, Nebraska, from the 1890s. According to Sol White's History of Colored Base Ball, in 1890, the Lincoln Giants were founded as the first colored professional team in the west. In the early 1910s, Jess McMahon, a white promoter, hired Sol White, former manager of the Philadelphia Giants, to put together a club. White signed eventual Hall of Famers John Henry Lloyd, the greatest shortstop in Negro league history, Cyclone Joe Williams, perhaps the greatest pitcher, and slugging catcher Louis Santop, together with pitcher Cannonball Dick Redding, center fielder Spotswood Poles, and catcher/first baseman Bill Pettus. Lloyd took over from White as manager midway through the 1911 season. With their powerful lineup, the Lincolns were the dominant team in African-American baseball in 1911, 1912 and 1913, winning the unofficial eastern championship each of those years. In 1913, with second baseman Grant Johnson joining the club, the Lincolns defeated Rube Foster's Chicago American Giants for the national black championship.

## Split and new management

In 1914, McMahon lost control of the Lincoln Giants name, and formed a rival team, the Lincoln Stars, signing away several of the Giants' players. Jim Keenan continued to run the Lincoln Giants. Joe Williams had taken over as manager when Lloyd left for the American Giants after the 1913 season, and Williams would run the club for several years. In 1920, the Lincolns moved from their old home park, Olympic Field (at Fifth Avenue and 136th Street), to the New York Catholic Protectory Oval in the Bronx.

## League play

In 1923, Keenan brought the team into the Eastern Colored League (ECL) for its inaugural season; the formerly dominant club performed unexpectedly poorly, finishing with 16 wins and 22 losses for fifth place (out of six teams). Unceremoniously dumping the 38-year-old Williams (who continued his career into the 1930s, first with the Brooklyn Royal Giants, then the Homestead Grays), the Lincolns rebounded to third, winning 31 and losing 25 under new manager Jude Gans. But 1925 saw the team plummet to last place with a dismal 7–39 record. In 1926 Silas Simmons pitched for the Lincoln Giants. For the 1927 season Keenan kept the Lincolns out of the ECL, but rejoined in 1928, only to have the league fold by the beginning of June. The Lincolns' signing of Fats Jenkins, who had been assigned by the league to the Baltimore Black Sox, fanned the flames of dissension among the circuit's owners.

## Players
### Hall of Famers

* John Henry Lloyd
* Louis Santop
* Turkey Stearnes
* Ben Taylor
* Smokey Joe Williams
* Jud Wilson

## Demise

The New York Lincoln Giants joined the American Negro League for its only season in 1929, then put together a powerful independent team for 1930 before succumbing to Depression-era economics.
# Senator Henry (disambiguation)

John Henry (Maryland politician) (1750–1798) was a U.S. Senator from Maryland from 1789 to 1797. Senator Henry may also refer to:
* Brad Henry (born 1963), Oklahoma State Senate
* Charles L. Henry (1849–1927), Indiana State Senate
* Daniel Maynadier Henry (1823–1899), Maryland State Senate
* Douglas Henry (1926–2017), Tennessee State Senate
* E. Stevens Henry (1836–1921), Connecticut State Senate
* Gustavus Adolphus Henry Sr. (1804-1880), Confederate States Senator from Tennessee from 1862 to 1865
* John Henry (representative) (1800–1882), Illinois State Senate
* Margaret Rose Henry (born 1944), Delaware State Senate
* Morriss Henry (born 1931), Arkansas State Senate
* Pat Henry (politician) (1861–1933), Mississippi State Senate
* Paul B. Henry (1942–1993), Michigan State Senate
* William Wirt Henry (1831–1900), Virginia State Senate
# Netropsin

Netropsin (also termed congocidine or sinanomycin) is a polyamide with antibiotic and antiviral activity. Netropsin was discovered by Finlay et al., and first isolated from the actinobacterium Streptomyces netropsis. It belongs to the class of pyrrole-amidine antibiotics.

## DNA binding properties

Netropsin binds to the minor groove of AT-rich sequences of double stranded DNA. In contrast, netropsin does not bind single stranded DNA or double stranded RNA. Crystallographic structures of DNA-bound Netropsin have been obtained and elucidate details of how the drug binds in the minor groove. In the bound structure, the drug makes hydrogen bonding interactions with four subsequent base pairs of the DNA duplex, locally displacing the water molecules of the spine of hydration.
Using gel mobility and analytical ultracentrifugation, it was shown that Netropsin binding to DNA increases the twist per base by similar to 9˚ per molecule bound. Thus, it removes supercoils when interacting with positively supercoiled DNA and introduces (additional) negative supercoils when binding to relaxed or negatively supercoiled DNA. Netropsin's effect on supercoiled DNA was observed in detail on single molecules using a magnetic tweezers.

## Antibiotic properties

It has been shown that Netropsin is active both against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.
# Glossophaginae

Glossophaginae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats.

## List of species

Subfamily: Glossophaginae
* Tribe Glossophagini
** Genus: Anoura - Geoffroy's long-nosed bats
*** Anoura aequatoris
*** Cadena's tailless bat, Anoura cadenai
*** Tailed tailless bat, Anoura caudifera
*** Handley's tailless bat, Anoura cultrata
*** Tube-lipped nectar bat, Anoura fistulata
*** Geoffroy's tailless bat, Anoura geoffroyi
*** Broad-toothed tailless bat, Anoura latidens
*** Luis Manuel's tailless bat, Anoura luismanueli
** Genus: Choeroniscus
*** Godman's long-tailed bat, Choeroniscus godmani
*** Greater long-tailed bat, Choeroniscus periosus
*** Minor long-nosed long-tongued bat, Choeroniscus minor
** Genus: Choeronycteris
*** Mexican long-tongued bat (hog-nosed bat), Choeronycteris mexicana
** Genus: Dryadonycteris
*** Dryades bat, Dryadonycteris capixaba
** Genus: Glossophaga
*** Commissaris's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga commissarisi
*** Gray long-tongued bat, Glossophaga leachii
*** Miller's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga longirostris
*** Western long-tongued bat, Glossophaga morenoi
*** Pallas's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina
** Genus: Hylonycteris
*** Underwood's long-tongued bat, Hylonycteris underwoodi
** Genus: Leptonycteris - Saussure's long-nosed bats
*** Southern long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris curasoae
*** Big long-nosed bat or Mexican long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris nivalis
*** Lesser long-nosed bat or Mexican long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae
** Genus: Lichonycteris
*** Dark long-tongued bat, Lichonycteris obscura
*** Pale brown long-nosed bat, Lichonycteris degener
** Genus: Monophyllus
*** Insular single leaf bat, Monophyllus plethodon
*** Leach's single leaf bat, Monophyllus redmani
** Genus: Musonycteris
*** Banana bat (Colima long-nosed bat), Musonycteris harrisoni
** Genus: Scleronycteris
*** Ega long-tongued bat, Scleronycteris ega
# HMS Union (N56)

HMS Union was a British U class submarine, of the second group of that class, built by Vickers Armstrong, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 9 December 1939 and was commissioned on 22 February 1941.

## Career and sinking

Union spent much of her short career operating in the Mediterranean, where she sank the Italian merchant Pietro Querini. However, her success was short-lived. Union sailed from Malta at 1 o’clock on the morning of 14 July 1941 with orders to intercept a convoy north of Tripoli the following day. On 20 July 1941 she was depth charged by the Italian torpedo boat Circe, and sank with all hands during the attack on the convoy south of Pantelleria. When Union failed to return to Malta she was reported overdue on 22 July 1941.

## Citations

* ↑ HMS Union, uboat.net
* ↑ "HMS Union". rnsubs.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
# History of Oregon State Beavers football

The history of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.
In 1893, Oregon State University, known first as Oregon State Agricultural College, hired William H. Bloss as the first coach. Bloss also served as the quarterback of the 1893 team. The son of the school's president, Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892. He previously played football in the Midwest and was considered a very knowledgeable student of the game. Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team. By mid-October, he had assembled a 17-player roster. The team was a hodgepodge of young men from the Corvallis area. Four players were not students, including Coach Bloss. One was a high school junior and another was a faculty member.
OSU played its first games on an open grass lot with a perimeter fence. In 1896 or 1897, bleachers were built for the south side, which was designated the home side, and in 1899–1901, bleachers were built for the visitors on the north side. It was first known as College Field on Lower Campus. The first game was played on November 11, 1893, at College Field on Lower Campus against Albany College. Over 500 spectators, who paid a ten-cent admission, cheered on OSU for a 62–0 victory. Brady F. Burnett scored the first touchdown in Oregon State history on a fumble return.
In 1906, OSU hired Fred Norcross as its head football coach. Norcross had played quarterback for Fielding H. Yost's "Point a Minute" Michigan Wolverines from 1903 to 1905. Through the first six games of the 1906 season, OSU had compiled a 4–0–2 record, outscoring opponents, 77–0. In the final game of the season, Willamette defeated OSU, kicking a 23-yard field goal midway through the first half, the only points either team scored. Despite the result, Oregon State students marched through the streets of Salem, Oregon, chanting the early OSU fight songs.
# Model 1850 Army Staff & Field Officers' Sword

The Model 1850 Army Staff and Field Officer's Sword was carried by all members of staff departments, Field Grade officers of Artillery and Infantry, Company Grade Officers of Light Artillery, Staff Officers and Aides-de-Camp between 1850 and 1872. It was based on a French pattern.
Though other swords were allowed by the regulations, this model was by far the most popular sword carried by officers during the American Civil War. During the years before the war, many Confederate officers, including General Robert E. Lee carried this sword in the Indian campaigns. Although intended for officers of the rank of major and above, since swords were items of private purchase and not government issue, there was nothing to stop officers of any rank from owning one. The Staff and Field Officers' Sword is distinct from the Model 1850 Army Foot Officer's Sword.
# Siege of Antioch (disambiguation)

Siege of Antioch may refer to:
* Siege of Antioch (253) by the Sassanid Persians
* Siege of Antioch (260) by the Sassanid Persians
* Siege of Antioch (540) [it] by the Sassanid Persians
* Siege of Antioch (968–969) by the Byzantines
* Siege of Antioch (970–971) by the Fatimids
* Siege of Antioch (1084–1085) by the Seljuks
* Siege of Antioch (1097–1098) by the Crusaders
   * Siège d'Antioche, French poem about the siege of 1098
# WPJF

WPJF (1260 AM) is Christian Talk in Spanish radio station licensed to Greenville, South Carolina, United States, it serves the Upstate South Carolina area. The outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 1260 kHz with 5,000 watts of power daytime and 15 watts at night. It first began broadcasting in 1948. The station is currently owned by Iglesia Vida y Esperanza de Greenville, South Carolina.

## History

1260 AM signed on under the ownership of Bob Jones University in May 1948 and signed on officially on September 15, 1949 as a venue for sacred and classical music, dramatic readings, and gospel preaching. The call letters stand for "World's Most Unusual University," a now-abandoned promotional slogan of BJU. Bob Jones, Sr. intended for the station to operate independently, accepting advertising rather than being supported by the university, but he did not expect the station to make a profit.
The AM station eventually increased its power from 1,000 to 5,000 watts in the early 1960s. Bob Jones University eventually shifted the majority of its sacred and classical music to WMUU-FM, using the AM station for preaching and some religious music.
This practice continued until the university sold the station to Comunidad Cristiana International in early 2008. It then became a Spanish Religious station under the name "Radio Luz." The station went silent in early 2011 due to financial troubles.
On October 1, 2012, the station's license was assigned to Iglesia Nueva Vida of High Point for a purchase price of $200,000. On May 17, 2018, the station was sold to Iglesia Vida y Esperanza de Greenville, South Carolina for $480,000.
# Anteoninae

Anteoninae are a subfamily of Dryinidae. There are 4 extant and 2 fossil genera, including Anteon.

## Classification

Characteristics of the subfamily include a 'mask' covering the frontal region of the larvae, an absence of cephalic vesicles, body folded in a U-shape, always found on the thorax or between metathorax and abdomen of the host, never between abdominal segments, with the subfamilial characteristics of mature larvae being "very long setae on body and head, (2) labrum with few long sensory bristles and two sensory pits at about mid-length between anterior and posterior margin and with an apical row of sensory bristles inserted immediately under its apical margin, (3) epipharynx with two sensilla, (4) labium subtriangular with narrow subquadrate spinneret, (5) spiracles bulb-shaped, of approximately equal size in thorax and abdomen, and (6) cocoon in the ground, covered by soil particles."
# Velvet Mornings

"Velvet Mornings" is a song by Greek singer Demis Roussos. It was released as a single in 1973.
The song was included on Roussos' 1973 album Forever and Ever.

## Background and writing

The song was written by Alec R. Costandinos and Stélios Vlavianós. The recording was produced by Leo Leandros and Demis Roussos.

## 7th Rio Song Festival (1972)

In late 1972 Demis Roussos represented Greece with this song at Rio de Janeiro's VII Festival Internacional da Canção Popular. The festival was held at the roofed Maracananzinho Stadium in front of the audience of approximately 20,000 people.
"Velvet Mornings" was one of the 13 songs that proceeded from semifinals (which were held on the previous Sunday) to the final. Demis Roussos with "Velvet Morning" won a special prize for audience appeal. (The other special prize for audience appeal was awarded to Brazilian Jorge Ben with "Fio Maravilha".)

## Commercial performance

In June 1973 the single "Velvet Mornings" was in the top 3 in Spain (according to the weekly music magazine El Musical).
In Greece the single reached no. 1 in the international (non-Greek) singles chart compiled by Hellinikos Vorras and Epikera. (In June the song topped the chart as "Velvet Mornings" and in October as "Velvet Mornings / Forever and Ever", i.e. as a double A-side with the song "Forever and Ever".)

## Cover versions
### Marinella's Greek version

Greek singer Marinella recorded a Greek version of the song, titled "Drigi, drigi, mana mou (Velvet mornings)" (Greek: Ντρίγκι, ντρίγκι, μάνα μου, "Drigi, drigi, my mother").
U.S. Billboard magazine reported in January 1973 that she "was to record a Greek version of Demis Roussos's hit at the recent Rio Song Festival, "Velvet Mornings", which she "had been using [...] in her act for some weeks.
Marinella's version also charted in Greece, in October 1973 it was in the top 10 of the domestic (local Greek) singles chart compiled by Hellinikos Vorras and Epikera.

### German version

U.S. Billboard magazine reported in its November 10, 1973 issue: "It appears Marion Maerz is going to have a hit with the German version of Velvet Mornings — the original version was a success for Demis Roussos."

## Track listing

7" single Philips 6009 331 (1973, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, UK, etc.) 7" single RTB / Philips S 53683 (1973, Yugoslavia)
    A. "Forever and Ever" (3:41)
    B. "Velvet Mornings" (3:38)
7" single Philips 6009 331 (1973)
    A. "Velvet Mornings" (3:35)
    B. "Forever and Ever" (3:40)
7" single Philips SFL-1817 (1973, Japan)
    B. "Velvet Mornings" (3:38)
    A. "We Shall Dance" (3:32)
# Nasim Ashraf

Nasim Ashraf (Urdu: نسيم أشرف) is a Pakistani-American social worker, physician, and former cricketer who had been the Chairman of the Pakistan Cricket Board between 2006 and 2008.
He was also the Chairman of the National Commission for Human Development (NCHD), and a Minister of State for six years.

## Early life and education

Ashraf was born to a Pashtun family. He completed his medical education from the Khyber Medical College, Peshawar University, in 1972. He is also a fellow of the American College of Physicians.

## Career

Ashraf comes from a cricketing family. His maternal grandfather, Karim Baksh, played First-Class cricket in India and was one of the first elected members of the Pakistan Cricket Board in 1949. Ashraf had a very brief first-class cricket career, spanning just 3 matches for the Peshawar Cricket Association in the 1969–70 Quaid-e-Azam Cricket Trophy where as a middle-order batsman. He scored 50 runs.
He also played for Pakistan Under 19 team which played against the English team in the year of 1969. He was appointed as the chairman PCB due to his vast management expertise. He was responsible for bringing about the Constitution of the Pakistan Cricket Board albeit after some serious delays. The task was first entrusted to Shahryar Khan, who resigned and Nasim Ashraf finally succeeded in getting the Constitution restored after having it vetted to make it more corporate in nature. The new Constitution mandates a 14-member governing board with four representatives of the regional associations, one representative of the cricket playing organisations, two representatives of the players, and seven technocrats specialising in finance, law, media, and management. This new Constitution has significantly diluted the powers of the chairman.
He was elected to the Chairmanship of the Asian Cricket Council in June 2008.

### Submission and rejection of resignation

In March 2007, having been in the position for five months after he took over from Shaharyar Khan who stood down in October, Ashraf tendered his own resignation, accepting responsibility for the Pakistan team's first round exit from the 2007 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies at the hands of young Irish Cricket Team. But his resignation was subsequently rejected by President Pervez Musharraf who asked him to "continue his duty to rebuild the Pakistan cricket team on modern and professional lines".

## Awards and honours

* Conferred Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) by the President of Pakistan in 2007.
* UNESCO INTERNATIONAL AWARD for Literacy in 2006.
# Jan Holý

Jan Holý (born March 11, 1995) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HC Plzeň of the Czech Extraliga.
Holý made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Plzeň during the 2013-14 Czech Extraliga season.
# Paul Rycaut

Sir Paul Rycaut FRS (23 December 1629 – 16 November 1700) was an English diplomat, historian, and authority on the Ottoman Empire.

## Life

Rycaut's Huguenot father was held in the Tower of London, during the English Civil War, for his Cavalier sympathies, but the sequestration of his property was lifted.
Rycaut was born in Aylesford, Kent, and graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1650. In 1652, he was admitted to Gray's Inn. While studying at Alcalá de Henares, he learned Spanish and translated the first part of Baltasar Gracián's The Critick. Rycaut was then employed as private secretary to Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Winchilsea, ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. He became British consul and factor at Smyrna (now İzmir).
From 1689 to 1700, he was Resident at Hamburg. He was active in frustrating the efforts of the Company of Scotland Trading to Africa and the Indies to raise capital in the city.
On 12 December 1666, Rycaut was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
Knighthood was conferred on him in 1685. He died in Hamburg in November of 1700, aged 70, of a stroke.

## Works

* The Present State of the Ottoman Empire. Printed for C. Brome. 1665.
** 1670 French translation and Images from the book at National Library of France BnF Gallica
* The Present State of the Greek and Armenian Churches, Anno Christi 1678 Written at the Command of His Majesty by Paul Ricaut, Printed for John Starkey, 1679
* The Turkish History. Vol. 1. 1687.
* The Turkish History. Vol. 2. 1687.
* Baltasar Gracián (1681). The Critick. Translator Paul Rycaut. Printed by T.N. for Henry Brome.
* Baptista Platina, The lives of the popes, Translator Paul Rycaut, Illustrator Robert White, printed for C. Wilkinson, 1688
* Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (1688). Comentarios Reales de los Incas [The royal commentaries of Peru]. Translated by Paul Rycaut.
His letters to William Blathwayt are held at Princeton University.
# Dansar

Dansar (Persian: دن سر) may refer to:
* Dansar, Qasr-e Qand
* Dansar, Sarbuk, Qasr-e Qand County
* Dansar Kaldan, Qasr-e Qand County
# WPJK

WPJK (1580 kHz) is an AM radio station licensed to Orangeburg, South Carolina. It airs a sports radio format and is owned by South Carolina State University, a historically black institution. While the university is a non-profit organization, WPJK is a commercial radio station. It largely airs programming from ESPN Radio, with some South Carolina-based sports shows.
By day, WPJK is powered at 3,300 watts. But because 1580 AM is a Canadian clear channel frequency, WPJK must greatly reduce power at night to 22 watts to avoid interference to other stations. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator W224DB at 92.9 MHz.

## History

The station signed on the air on November 3, 1958; 66 years ago (1958-11-03). Its original call sign was WBPD and it was a daytimer station, required to go off the air each night. The station was a network affiliate of the Mutual Broadcasting System. During the 1960s and 70s, it was a Top 40 station.
The call letters were changed to WORG on May 14, 1984. On September 9, 1985 the station changed its call sign to WBLO, and on February 17, 1986 to the current WPJK.
On April 8, 2017, an application was filed for a construction permit to move to a new transmitter site, increase day power to 3,300 watts and add night authorization of 22 watts. The application was accepted for filing on April 18, 2017.
On April 17, 2017, WPJK filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission to transfer the license from Ermma Barton Gowdy to South Carolina State University. The purchase by South Carolina State was consummated on August 19, 2017.
On September 12, 2021, WPJK relaunched as "ESPN Orangeburg" with programming from ESPN Radio, and South Carolina Sports Talk, based out of WQXL (Columbia).
# Tom Clark (footballer)

Thomas Clark was a professional footballer who played as a full-back.

## Playing career

Clark was a product of the Scottish amateur side Rutherglen Glencairn, from which he was signed by Sunderland. He spent three years in the Sunderland Reserves before being signed by Port Vale ahead of interest from Fulham.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Division | Season | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Division | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Port Vale | Third Division South | 1938–39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sunderland | – | 1939–40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carlisle United | – | 1945–46 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 |