# Trinity—Spadina (federal electoral district)

Trinity—Spadina was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2015.
It generally encompassed the western portion of Downtown Toronto.
The riding was a battle ground between the NDP and the Liberals.
Major landmarks within the riding included the western portion of the University of Toronto, the CN Tower, Rogers Centre (formerly Skydome), Air Canada Centre, the Canadian Broadcasting Centre, 299 Queen Street West, the Toronto Eaton Centre, the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto City Hall, Kensington Market, Chinatown, Christie Pits, Trinity Bellwoods Park, the southern portion of Bay Street and Palmerston Boulevard.
The riding contained Toronto's Chinatown, Koreatown, Little Italy, and Little Portugal. The northern section of the riding was the Annex district, while the eastern edge contained part of the University of Toronto and thousands of students.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Canadian census
Average household income (2010): $86,895
Median household income (2010): $60,659
Median income (2010): $34,761
Unemployment: 7.3%
Language, mother tongue (2011): English 61.2%, Chinese 13.0%, Portuguese 4.4%, French 2.8%, Spanish 2.1%, Italian 1.8%, Korean 1.4%, Arabic 1.4%
Religion (2011): Christian 42.9% (Catholic 24.4%, Anglican 3.6%, Christian Orthodox 2.5%, United Church 2.5%, Presbyterian 1.3%, Other 8.3%), Muslim 4.2%, Jewish 4.1%, Buddhist 3.4%, Hindu 1.8%, No religion 42.5%.
Ethnic groups (2011): White 61.8%, Chinese 16.0%, South Asian 5.1%, Black 3.6%, Korean 1.8%, Filipino 1.8%, Latin American 1.7%, Southeast Asian 1.7%, Arab 1.6%, West Asian 1.1%

## Geography

It consists of the Toronto Islands and the part of the City of Toronto bounded on the south by Toronto Harbour, and on the west, north and east by a line drawn from the harbour north on Spencer Avenue, east along the Gardiner Expressway, north on Dufferin, east on Queen Street West, southeast along the Canadian Pacific Railway line, north along Dovercourt Road, east along Dundas Street West, north along Ossington Avenue, east along the Canadian Pacific Railway situated north of Dupont Street, south along Avenue Road and Queens Park Crescent West, east along College Street and south along Yonge Street to the Harbour.
These borders were somewhat changed in the 2004 redistribution. The northwestern corner, a somewhat pro-NDP area was lost to Davenport. A large, but mostly business area of Toronto Centre—Rosedale between University Avenue and Yonge St. was given to the riding. This region tends to support the Liberals. The Toronto Islands were also added to the riding from Toronto Centre—Rosedale. This area is very strongly NDP and has a highly activist population that provides many campaign workers for the New Democrats.

## History

The riding was created in 1987 from Trinity and Spadina, and smaller parts of Toronto Centre—Rosedale and Parkdale—High Park.
It consisted initially of the part of the City of Toronto bounded on the south by Toronto Harbour, on the east by Avenue Road, Queen's Park Crescent West, University Avenue and York Street, and on the west and north by a line drawn from the harbour north along Spencer Avenue, east along the Gardiner Expressway, north along Atlantic Avenue, southeast along the Canadian National Railway line, north along Dovercourt Road, east along Bloor Street West, north along Ossington Avenue, and east along the Canadian Pacific Railway line to Avenue Road.
In 2003, it was given its current boundaries as described above.
As per 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and the 2013 representation order, Trinity—Spadina was dissolved following the conclusion of the next general election to be called after May 1, 2014. Most of the riding's territory, covering the area south of Dundas Street, became the new riding of Spadina—Fort York. The area north of Dundas and west of a line following Bay Street and Front Street became part of the new seat of University—Rosedale, while the area east of Bay Street and north of Front Street became part of Toronto Centre.

### Members of Parliament

This riding has elected the following members of the House of Commons of Canada:
| Parliament | Years | Member | Party |
| Trinity—Spadina Riding created from Trinity, Spadina, Toronto Centre—Rosedale, and Parkdale—High Park |||||
| 34th | 1988–1993 | Dan Heap | New Democratic |
| 35th | 1993–1997 | Tony Ianno | Liberal |
| 36th | 1997–2000 | Tony Ianno | Liberal |
| 37th | 2000–2004 | Tony Ianno | Liberal |
| 38th | 2004–2006 | Tony Ianno | Liberal |
| 39th | 2006–2008 | Olivia Chow | New Democratic |
| 40th | 2008–2011 | Olivia Chow | New Democratic |
| 41st | 2011–2014 | Olivia Chow | New Democratic |
| 41st | 2014–2015 | Adam Vaughan | Liberal |
| Riding dissolved into Spadina—Fort York, University—Rosedale, and Toronto Centre |||||
The seat became vacant on March 12, 2014, when Olivia Chow resigned in order to run in the Toronto mayoral election.

## Election results
### 2014 by-election

vteCanadian federal by-election, June 30, 2014 Resignation of Olivia Chow :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Adam Vaughan | 18,547 | 53.66 | +30.27 |
| | New Democratic | Joe Cressy | 11,802 | 34.14 | −20.37 |
| | Conservative | Benjamin Sharma | 2,022 | 5.85 | −10.96 |
| | Green | Camille Labchuk | 1,880 | 5.43 | +1.05 |
| | Christian Heritage | Linda Groce-Gibbons | 174 | 0.50 | – |
| | Independent | John "The Engineer" Turmel | 141 | 0.41 | – |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | 34,566 | 100.00 | – |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 111 | 0.32 | −0.12 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 34,677 | 31.78 | −37.02 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 110,252 |
| | Liberal gain from New Democratic | Liberal gain from New Democratic | Swing | Swing | +25.32 |
| By-election due to the resignation of Olivia Chow to run in the 2014 Toronto mayoral election. |||||||
| Source: Elections Canada |||||||

### 2011 election

2011 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | New Democratic | Olivia Chow | 35,601 | 54.51 | +13.67 |
| | Liberal | Christine Innes | 15,276 | 23.39 | -11.63 |
| | Conservative | Gin Siow | 10,976 | 16.81 | +3.03 |
| | Green | Rachel Barney | 2,861 | 4.38 | -4.67 |
| | Libertarian | Chester Brown | 456 | 0.70 | -0.12 |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Nick Lin | 140 | 0.21 | – |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | 65,310 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 301 | 0.46 | – |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 65,611 | 68.80 | – |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 95,363 | – | – |
| | New Democratic hold | New Democratic hold | Swing | Swing | +12.65 |

### 2008 election

vte2008 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | New Democratic | Olivia Chow | 24,442 | 40.88 | −5.15 | $87,231 |
| | Liberal | Christine Innes | 20,967 | 35.06 | −5.08 | $68,343 |
| | Conservative | Christine McGirr | 8,220 | 13.75 | +4.74 | $53,815 |
| | Green | Stephen LaFrenie | 5,383 | 9.00 | +5.16 | $12,333 |
| | Libertarian | Chester Brown | 490 | 0.82 | – | $0 |
| | Independent | Carlos Santos Almeida | 164 | 0.27 | – | $541 |
| | Independent | Val Illie | 130 | 0.22 | – | $580 |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | 59,796 | 100.00 | – | $94,303 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | – | – |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | – | – |

### Prior elections

vte2006 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | New Democratic | Olivia Chow | 28,748 | 46.03 | +3.99 | $78,702 |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 25,067 | 40.14 | −3.41 | $66,373 |
| | Conservative | Sam Goldstein | 5,625 | 9.01 | +0.36 | $22,879 |
| | Green | Thom Chapman | 2,398 | 3.84 | −0.40 | $165 |
| | Progressive Canadian | Asif Hossain | 392 | 0.63 | −0.37 | $257 |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Nick Lin | 138 | 0.22 | +0.03 | – |
| | Canadian Action | John Riddell | 82 | 0.13 | −0.04 | $25 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 62,450 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 278 | 0.44 | −0.17 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 62,728 | 70.9 | +7.2 |
vte2004 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 23,202 | 43.55 | −3.86 | $68,821 |
| | New Democratic | Olivia Chow | 22,397 | 42.04 | +3.87 | $77,070 |
| | Conservative | David Watters | 4,605 | 8.64 | −2.15 | $34,598 |
| | Green | Mark Viitala | 2,259 | 4.24 | +2.91 | $1,330 |
| | Progressive Canadian | Asif Hossain | 531 | 1.00 | – | $24 |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Nick Lin | 102 | 0.19 | −0.06 | $164 |
| | Canadian Action | Tristan Alexander Downe-Dewdney | 91 | 0.17 | – | N/A |
| | Independent | Daniel Knezetic | 89 | 0.17 | – | $3,103 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 53,276 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 329 | 0.61 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 53,605 | 63.7 |
| Note: Conservative vote is compared to the total of the Canadian Alliance vote and Progressive Conservative vote in 2000 election. |||||||
vte2000 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 19,041 | 47.41 | +2.11 |
| | New Democratic | Michael Valpy | 15,332 | 38.17 | -2.64 |
| | Progressive Conservative | John E. Polko | 2,199 | 5.47 | -1.48 |
| | Alliance | Lee Monaco | 2,135 | 5.32 | +1.22 |
| | Marijuana | Paul Lewin | 640 | 1.59 | |
| | Green | Matthew Hammond | 533 | 1.33 | +0.36 |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Nick Lin | 101 | 0.25 | -0.10 |
| | Natural Law | Ashley Deans | 96 | 0.24 | -0.24 |
| | Communist | Jesse Benjamin | 88 | 0.22 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 40,165 |
| Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997 election. | Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997 election. | Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997 election. | |
vte1997 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 18,215 | 45.30 | −5.84 |
| | New Democratic | Olivia Chow | 16,413 | 40.81 | +13.83 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Danielle Wai Mascall | 2,793 | 6.95 | −1.15 |
| | Reform | Nolan Young | 1,649 | 4.10 | −3.73 |
| | Green | Sat Singh Khalsa | 392 | 0.97 | −0.64 |
| | Natural Law | Ashley Deans | 194 | 0.48 | −0.53 |
| | Independent | John Roderick Wilson | 159 | 0.40 | – |
| | Marxist–Leninist | J.-P. Bedard | 140 | 0.35 | +0.16 |
| | Canadian Action | Thomas P. Beckerle | 130 | 0.32 | – |
| | Independent | Roberto Verdecchia | 129 | 0.32 | – |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 40,214 | 100.00 |
vte1993 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 19,769 | 51.14 | +13.79 |
| | New Democratic | Winnie Ng | 10,430 | 26.98 | -11.57 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Lee Monaco | 3,129 | 8.09 | -13.25 |
| | Reform | Peter Loftus | 3,027 | 7.83 |
| | National | Patrick Kutney | 881 | 2.28 |
| | Green | Chris Lea | 623 | 1.61 |
| | Natural Law | Ashley James Deans | 391 | 1.01 |
| | Libertarian | Paul Barker | 283 | 0.73 | -0.49 |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Fernand Deschamps | 74 | 0.19 |
| | Abolitionist | Robert Martin | 52 | 0.13 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 38,659 |
vte1988 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | New Democratic | Dan Heap | 15,565 | 38.55 |
| | Liberal | Tony Ianno | 15,082 | 37.35 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Joe Pimentel | 8,618 | 21.34 |
| | Libertarian | Paul Barker | 494 | 1.22 |
| | Rhinoceros | John Douglas | 444 | 1.10 |
| | Independent | Sukhdev S. Grewal | 127 | 0.31 |
| | Independent | Charles Shrybman | 49 | 0.12 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 40,379 |