# Middleton, Wisconsin

Middleton is a city in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 21,827 at the 2020 census. A suburb northwest of Madison, it is part of the Madison metropolitan area. Middleton's motto is "The Good Neighbor City."

## History

The first settlers were mostly of English descent, and they came to Middleton in the 1840s. It was called Peatville for the large quantities of peat extracted from its soil. The village was renamed Middleton when it was separated from the town of Madison in 1848. Many German settlers arrived to Middleton in the 1850s, and after the year 1880, the population was largely of German descent. The first Lutheran Church was founded in the area in 1852.
Middleton incorporated as a village in 1905 and it became a city in 1963. At the suggestion of its first postmaster, Harry Barnes, it was named after a community in Vermont.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.12 square miles (23.62 km$^2$), of which 8.98 square miles (23.26 km$^2$) is land and 0.14 square miles (0.36 km$^2$) is water. Middleton is located about 6 miles West/Northwest of Madison, the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin.

### Climate

Climate data for Middleton, Wisconsin :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 23 (−5) | 29 (−2) | 41 (5) | 54 (12) | 67 (19) | 77 (25) | 81 (27) | 78 (26) | 70 (21) | 58 (14) | 42 (6) | 29 (−2) | 54 (12) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 6 (−14) | 12 (−11) | 23 (−5) | 35 (2) | 46 (8) | 56 (13) | 60 (16) | 58 (14) | 50 (10) | 38 (3) | 25 (−4) | 13 (−11) | 35 (2) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.14 (29) | 1.14 (29) | 2.18 (55) | 3.61 (92) | 3.47 (88) | 4.50 (114) | 4.03 (102) | 4.05 (103) | 3.25 (83) | 2.42 (61) | 2.37 (60) | 1.32 (34) | 33.48 (850) |
| Source: The Weather Channel ||||||||||||||
Severe flooding occurred in August 2018, including along Pheasant Branch Creek.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 21,827 people and 10,104 households. The racial makeup of the city was 86.1% White, 5.3% African American, 1.5% Native American, 8.4% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and 6.3% from Some Other Race alone or in combination with one or more other races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 6.8% of the population.
There were 10,104 households, of which 41.5% were married couples living together, 7.7% were cohabiting couples, 30.0% had a female householder with no spouse present, 20.8% had a male householder with no spouse present. 26.0% of households had individuals under the age of 18 and 27.1% had individuals 65 years of age or older.
The median age in the city was 39.5 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 19; 34.76% were between the ages of 20 and 44; 24.2% were from 45 to 64; and 18.3% were 65 years of age or older. The sex breakdown of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 17,442 people, 8,037 households, and 4,453 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,942.3 inhabitants per square mile (749.9/km$^2$). There were 8,565 housing units at an average density of 953.8 per square mile (368.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 87.1% White, 3.5% African American, 0.3% Native American, 4.2% Asian, 2.3% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of the population.
There were 8,037 households, of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.6% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.86.
The median age in the city was 39.1 years. 21.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.1% were from 25 to 44; 29.3% were from 45 to 64; and 12.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census in 2000, there were 15,770 people living in Middleton, although in 2006 that number was estimated to be as high as 16,595. The population density was 1,953.2 people per square mile (754.5/km$^2$). There were 7,397 housing units at an average density of 916.2 per square mile (353.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 92.08% White, 1.97% Black or African American, 0.45% Native American, 2.66% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.27% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. 2.82% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
According to the census, there were 7,095 households in Middleton, out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.9% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.90.
The age of the population of Middleton is fairly diverse. The census states that 22.7% of the citizens there were under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $50,786, and the median income for a family was $71,514. Males had a median income of $41,070 versus $30,928 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,464. About 3.1% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over.

## Economy
### Business

The largest industry sector in Middleton is manufacturing. Other major job sectors are retail trade, technology, educational services, health care, management of companies, finance and accommodations. In 2019, 17% of workers were employed in the manufacturing sector with 3,037 jobs. As of 2016, over 65% of Middleton residents have associate, bachelors or advanced degrees and 44.7% of residents are employed in positions which earn more than $75,000 per year. Over 2,000 companies are located in Middleton, including American Girl's corporate headquarters and one of Electronic Theater Controls' worldwide offices.

### Tourism and shopping

Greenway Station is a shopping mall opened in 2003. Downtown Middleton has several shops and restaurants. During the 1960s and early 1970s, the Nitty Gritty restaurant in Middleton featured live blues music, and featured B.B. King, Muddy Waters, Charlie Musselwhite, and Cheap Trick. In 1985, the Nitty Gritty was re-branded as a birthday destination, and as of 2018, over 725,000 birthdays have been celebrated there.

### Top employers

As of 2019 the top employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | Full-time employees | Part-time employees |
| 1 | PPD, Inc | 1,400 | N/A |
| 2 | Electronic Theatre Controls | 938 | 16 |
| 3 | UW Medical Foundation | 800 | 0 |
| 4 | Middleton-Cross Plains Area School District | 924 | 280 |
| 5 | Spectrum Brands | 448 | 3 |
| 6 | Springs Window Fashions | 550 | 0 |
| 7 | American Girl | 294 | 87 |
| 8 | North Central Group | 348 | 197 |
| 9 | Humana | 285 | 0 |
| 10 | Fiskars | 280 | 6 |

## Arts and culture
### Attractions

Middleton is the home of the National Mustard Museum. It is often featured in lists of unusual museums in the United States. It was originally located in the nearby town of Mount Horeb, Wisconsin, but moved to Middleton. The museum and its curator were featured on National Public Radio's Morning Edition broadcast of July 29, 2010, and Weekend Edition Saturday on February 18, 1995 (when it was located in Mount Horeb). Middleton's second museum, Middleton Historical Museum (also known as Rowley House) offers information and donations by early settlers. Middleton Train Depot was built in 1856. It was an active passenger station until 1960 and a freight depot until 1975. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and serves as a visitor's center.
Wisconsin Trade Center is a commercial office building made of blue glass windows and it is the tallest building in Middleton. Middleton has a garden and landscaping center called Orchids Garden Centre & Nursery.
Capital Brewery was founded in 1984 to brew German-style lager beer and has since branched to American-style ales and barrel-aged beers. Capital Brewery has won over 240 awards. The Capital Brewery Bier Garten is open from April to October and it often offers live music and food vendors. Hidden Cave Cidery, opened in 2021, is a local cidery that makes cider of Wisconsin apples.

### Events

Middleton has an annual Middleton Good Neighbor Festival held on the last weekend of August at Firemen's Park in Middleton. The festival has been held since 1964, and "The Good Neighbor Award" has been awarded to a Middleton resident since 1980. The award is given to individuals who have made a difference in the community, and embody what it means to be a Good Neighbor. The three-day festival has free live music, carnival rides, family activities, entertainment, food, parades and other activities.
Downtown Middleton Summer Fun series is typically held from July to August, and it features free music and entertainment on every Thursday. In 2021, the event included arts and crafts table for children, picnic tables, hula hoops, free beginner harmonica lessons and other activities.
Sunflower Days is typically a 10-day event Pope Farm Conservancy held between July and August which features 9.5 acres of sunflowers. The event was attended by 90,000 people in 2017. There is no parking at Pope Farm Conservancy and the Sunflower Shuttle runs every 30 minutes.
National Mustard Day is an outdoor food festival held annually on the first Saturday of August in downtown Middleton. The event features live music, face painting, games and entertainment, food and free mustard samplings. National Mustard Museum has hosted and sponsored the event since 1991.
Haunted Hustle is a Halloween-themed marathon held in October. Other events in Middleton include Wine Walk, Greenway Station Farmers' Market and Prairie Chase Run/Walk. Middleton-Cross Plains Area Performing Arts Center hosts plays and dances.

### Art

Middleton is dedicated to providing and encouraging outdoor public art, including sculptures, murals and stained glass. Visit Middleton's website offers a Middleton's Outdoor Public Art Trail map. Middleton Arts Committee and the Middleton Community Development Authority sponsors and supports art in Middleton.

## Parks and recreation

The Pheasant Branch Creek Conservancy is a nature preserve of green space and wetland with prairie hills, natural springs, and Native American burial mounds. The creek drains on the east into Lake Mendota, and a hiking trail follows beside it through a forest, passing beside Parisi Park. The Pope Farm Conservancy, opened to visitors in 2006, is a park and a nature area with walking trails, wildlife, sunflower fields, prairie and savanna restoration areas.
Lake Mendota is a popular attraction among tourists and residents as it offers a variety of outdoor activities such as fishing, swimming, and other aquatic pursuits. Middleton has a skate park, Quarry Skate Park. Lake Mendota County Park offers a campground, picnic area, volleyball courts, and swimming.
Middleton has a golf course, Pleasant View Golf Course, located near Lake Mendota. Skiing, biking and hiking trails are also available in the area. Pleasant View Golf Course has been named the "Best Golf Course in Madison Area" four times (2016, 2018, 2019 and 2020) by Madison magazine. Walter. R. Bauman Aquatic Center is an outdoor facility that offers pools, waterslides, playground and water equipment.

## Education

Middleton belongs to the Middleton-Cross Plains School District. There are seven elementary schools, two middle schools, one high school and one alternative senior high school in the district. Recently, students in Blackhawk Middleton have been moved from Glacier Creek to Kromrey.
Students attend either Middleton High School or Clark Street Community School. In 2021, in a report by U.S. News & World Report, Middleton High School was named as the best high school in Dane County and it was also named 11th best high school out of around 540 in the state of Wisconsin. The report indicated that the graduation rate at Middleton High School was 96%, and more than half of students took at least one Advanced Placement exam.

### Elementary schools

* Elm Lawn Elementary School
* Park Elementary School
* Pope Farm Elementary School
* Northside Elementary School
* Sauk Trail Elementary School
* Sunset Ridge Elementary School
* West Middleton Elementary School

### Middle schools

* Glacier Creek Middle School
* Kromrey Middle School

### High schools

* Middleton High School
* Clark Street Community School

## Media

Middleton is served by Madison TV, radio, print, and other media. The Middleton Times-Tribune is a weekly community newspaper. The Middleton Review is a free community newspaper that serves the city. Middleton also serves as the community of license for several Madison based stations including country music outlet 106.3 WWQM and DTV America television station WZCK channel 8 which is dual licensed to Middleton and Madison. 97.3 W247CI an FM translator of Catholic station WHFA also broadcasts from the city on a transmitter above the Wisconsin Trade Center.

## Infrastructure
### Transportation

Middleton Municipal Airport (C29) serves Middleton and the surrounding communities with general aviation. Commercial airline service is provided via Dane County Regional Airport in neighboring Madison.
Metro Transit serves Middleton via routes R and F with service to Downtown Madison and the Junction Road park and ride.
The Wisconsin and Southern Railroad passes through Middleton providing freight rail service on its Prairie Subdivision.
Middleton is served by US Route 12 and US Route 14 including the terminus of the West Beltline Highway.

### Municipal services

The City of Middleton is served by the Middleton Police Department. The Middleton Fire Department provides fire protection services to a district consisting of the city of Middleton, as well as the neighboring Town of Middleton and portions of the towns of Springfield and Westport. The Middleton Emergency Medical Services department provides paramedic level services to the City of Middleton and the neighboring townships of Middleton and Springfield. The Middleton Public Library offers books, films, music, meeting and study spaces, Wi-Fi and programs.

## Notable people

* Matt Blanchard, NFL Quarterback
* Gary Close, basketball coach
* Casey Cramer, football player
* Tracey DeKeyser, ice hockey coach
* Jon Erpenbach, Wisconsin State Senator
* Russ Feingold, Former United States Senator from Wisconsin
* Frank Gault, Wisconsin State Representative
* Ryan Groy, football player
* Pauline Kruger Hamilton, photographer
* Aaron Hohlbein, MLS player
* Ed Janus, journalist
* Jill Karofsky, Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court
* Jerry Kleczka, politician
* Paul Kowert, double bassist
* Josh Lambo, football player
* Joe Parisi, Dane County executive
* Bob Skoronski, professional football player
* Rose Schuster Taylor, writer and naturalist at Yosemite
* Otto F. Toepfer, Wisconsin State Representative
* Al Toon, football player
* Nick Toon, football player
* Edo de Waart, conductor and music director