OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Todd Carmichael

Todd Carmichael (born August 30, 1963) is an American entrepreneur, adventure traveler, philanthropist, television personality, author, and inventor. Carmichael is the CEO and co-founder of Philadelphia-based La Colombe.
He is the first American to complete a solo trek across Antarctica to the South Pole on foot with no assistance, claiming the world speed record with a total travel time of 39 days, 7 hours and 49 minutes. Recorded footage of his trek later became an award-winning documentary entitled Race to the Bottom of the Earth (2010) that was aired on the National Geographic Channel. He then went on to raise thousands of dollars for Orangutan Foundation International, one of his numerous philanthropic projects.
Carmichael was ranked #1 by Food Republic for the most influential figure in its Coffee Power Ranking. He is currently the host of Travel Channel's 'Dangerous Grounds and Uncommon Grounds'.

## Early life and education

Todd Carmichael was born on August 30, 1963, outside Spokane, Washington. He has three sisters. Carmichael completed his first marathon at age 15. His mother eventually moved the family to Spokane's South Hill so that he could attend Joel E. Ferris High School.
From 1981 to 1982, he was part of Ferris' state championship squad. He graduated from high school in 1982, and received a distance running scholarship to the University of Washington, where he studied business and went on to work in accounting for Ernst & Young. He also ran his first ultramarathon at the age of 20.

## Career

While hunting for beans, he came upon a farm that inspired him to want to help Haiti improve its coffee farming methods. He was later approached by the Clinton Foundation to collaborate on a coffee project.
Carmichael was a prolific contributor to Esquire's "Eat Like a Man" blog, where he covered subjects mainly related to coffee, its industry, and his travels in Haiti and the country's issues. He has also written for Huffington Post regarding topics about the environment and animal rights. He is currently the host of Travel Channel's Dangerous Grounds.

## Philanthropy

Carmichael has collaborated with the actor Leonardo DiCaprio to create La Colombe's Lyon blend, with proceeds going to fund the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation.
Working with ECHOES Around the World in Uganda and Wide Horizons For Children in Ethiopia, Project Afrique was also made possible through the sales of La Colombe and additional funding from the coffee-roasting company and his partner, J.P. Iberti. Carmichael also collaborated with the organization Coffee For Water to bring safe drinking water into coffee-growing regions.

## Praise

In 2014, he entered the Specialty Coffee Association of America and the Barista Guild of America's U.S. Brewers Cup competition, where he unveiled and used the prototype of his experimental brewing contraption, called "The Dragon." That same year, Food Republic ranked him #1 in its "Coffee Power Ranking."
# Harith Maduwantha

Harith Maduwantha (born 7 October 1994) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Sinhalese Sports Club in the 2015–16 Premier League Tournament on 4 December 2015.
# Diplôme universitaire

In France, a diplôme universitaire (DU, in English "university degree") or interuniversitaire (DIU, in English "inter-university degree") is a degree from a French university, a grand établissement or Établissement public à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel, or many establishments jointly, as opposed to national diplomas, which are issued on behalf of the Ministry.

## Standard Comparison

A diplôme universitaire (DU) is, in France, a university degree. Contrary to the Bachelor, Master and Doctoral degrees, which are national, DU means "University diploma". The degree corresponds to a restricted domain, for temporary or professional purpose. Each university is authorized for specifics DU. Application process, the duration of studies, the evaluation method can be very different depending on the purpose of the diploma. Most of DU, however, attest to a 1 to 3 months training spread over the weekend for 2 or 3 years.
DU are organized by a single university, while DIU combine several universities to organize the same course (which often takes place in different cities).
They do not fit in the Bachelor-Master-PhD diagram and no university may require obtaining a DU "complementary" to validate a state diploma (although in practice this dual training is often recommended). These qualifications are managed in local autonomy, that is to say, out of the overall budget of the Ministry (endowment per student) and their prices are aligned with those of the private sector training. They are particularly numerous in the field of medicine, "alternative medicine", dentistry, pharmacy and psychology. However, at some universities, a specific DU program might be considered equivalent to a Master 1 program when applying for a Master 2 program.
Universities are free to set tuition fees to a DIU, contrary to the cost of national degrees.

## Particular case

Some university degrees are known by specific titles, such as LL.M., MBA or MSc. There are no national diplomas, even if their name is reminiscent of the Master.
# WNFR

WNFR, broadcasting at 90.7 FM, is an Adult Contemporary Christian music and talk radio station licensed to Sandusky, Michigan. WNFR has a studio located in Port Huron along with sister station WNFA, and a 42,000 watt directional transmitter at Jeddo, near the Sanilac/St. Clair county line.
WNFR rebranded from "Wonderful News Radio" to "90.7 Hope FM" on January 13, 2014.
# Finn Porath

Finn Dominik Porath (born 23 February 1997) is a German professional footballer who plays as a left midfielder for Bundesliga club Holstein Kiel.
# Triclofos

Triclofos is a sedative drug used rarely for treating insomnia.
Triclofos is a prodrug which is metabolised in the liver into the active drug trichloroethanol. The half-life of triclofos is fairly long and it may cause drowsiness the next day. Trichloroethanol may cause liver damage and triclofos should not be used for extended periods.
Triclofos is no longer available in the United States.

## Side effects

Side effects may include:
* headache
* rash
* dizziness
* flatulence
* confusion
* nightmares
* dependence
* diarrhea
* constipation
* nausea
* vomiting
* abdominal pain
* ataxia
# Dominion-Chalmers United Church

Dominion Chalmers United Church is a large United church, located in downtown Ottawa, at the corner of Cooper and O'Connor Streets (with access from Lisgar Street). It is a 1962 merger of two key congregations from both the Methodist and Presbyterian traditions, each possessing lengthy histories.

## History

Chalmers Presbyterian/United Church, was originally Bank Street Canada Presbyterian Church, located on nearby Bank Street at Slater Street from 1866 to 1914. Alexander Cowper Hutchison (architect) designed the Bank Street Presbyterian Church at Bank Street at Slater Street in 1868.
The Bank Street Presbyterian Church building was reconstructed by the architect William Hodgson in 1881 after a fire. Alexander Cowper Hutchison designed the Bank Street Presbyterian Sunday School in 1890.
The Bank Street Presbyterian Church was renamed after Thomas Chalmers, a leader of the 1843 disruption in the Church of Scotland that led to the formation of the Free Church, and in Ottawa, their "parent" congregation of Knox Presbyterian, is now located just two blocks east on Lisgar at Elgin Street. Alexander Cowper Hutchison designed the Chalmers Presbyterian Church on O'Connor Street at Cooper Street, 1912–1914.
The Metcalfe Street building was built in 1830 as Metcalfe Street Methodist. In 1852 this group merged with those from Rideau Street, and the building was enlarged and renamed The Dominion in 1876. The Dominion Methodist Church, which was located on Metcalfe Street at Queen Street, was designed by the architect Henry Hodge Horsey and built between 1875 and 1876. The Dominion Methodist plaque lists Alexis Helmer, whose death was the inspiration for John McCrae's poem, "In Flanders Fields".
The building was destroyed in a fire in February 1961.
The Dominion Methodist/United Church's roots go back to Methodist circuit riders visitations in Hull, Lower Canada from 1816, and a wooden structure built on Rideau Street in the Lower Town in 1827.
The Dominion-Chalmers (or DC Church) buildings have recently undergone major renovations to their large sanctuary (damaged by a fire in 1955), and is used for concerts; and for other special events, sometimes of a national nature.

## The Carleton Dominion-Chalmers Centre

In 2018, Carleton University purchased the church building as a performance space, though the congregation will continue to use the building for religious services as well. After its repossession, it was officially renamed the Carleton Dominion-Chalmers Centre, although it is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the amalgamated Carleton Dominion-Chalmers United Centre. Mara Brown was announced as this extension's first director on 1 April 2019, effective 15 April 2019. Prior to this appointment, on 26 March 2019, the university held a festival of life celebration for Professor Pius Adesanmi, Director of Carleton's Institute of African Studies; one of 18 Canadian persons to have died in a tragic plane crash on 10 March 2019.

## State funerals

Several Canadian state funerals have been held in the building: of George Eulas Foster in 1932, Sidney Earle Smith in 1959, and Ed Broadbent in 2024.
# Amitha Kaushalya

Amitha Kaushalya (born 7 June 1994) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Panadura Sports Club in the 2018–19 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 19 February 2019. He made his List A debut for Panadura Sports Club in the 2018–19 Premier Limited Overs Tournament on 12 March 2019. He made his first-class debut for Panadura Sports Club in Tier B of the 2018–19 Premier League Tournament on 10 February 2019.
# Samuel Town, Sierra Leone

Samuel Town is a village in the Western Area Rural District of Sierra Leone. Farming is the major economic activity in the village. . Samuel Town lies about five miles from the Rural District main city of Waterloo and approximately 20 miles outside Freetown.

## Demographics

The Mende people are the principal inhabitant of Samuel Town and they also make up the vast majority of the population in the town. The Limba and Krio are the largest minorities that reside in the town.

## History

Samuel Town was originally known as Samai Town, named after its founder, a great Mende warrior from the south of Sierra Leone, named Pa Samai. Pa Samai is believed to have fought in the Boma War and the First World War.
# WNHA-LP

WNHA-LP (107.5 FM, "Alma Radio 107.5") is a radio station licensed to serve the community of New Haven, Connecticut. The station is owned by Alma Radio Inc., and airs a Spanish religious format.
The station was assigned the WNHA-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on November 12, 2014.
# Stura

Stura (French:) was a department of the French First Republic and of the First French Empire in present-day Italy. It was named after the river Stura di Demonte. It was formed in 1801, when the Subalpine Republic (formerly the mainland portion of the Kingdom of Sardinia) was planned to be annexed to France. Its capital was Cuneo.
The department was disbanded after the defeat of Napoleon in 1814. At the Congress of Vienna, the Savoyard King of Sardinia was restored in all its previous realms and domains, including Piedmont. Its territory corresponded more or less with that of the present-day Italian province of Cuneo.

## Subdivisions

The department was subdivided into the following arrondissements and cantons (situation in 1812):
* Cuneo (French: Coni), cantons: Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Centallo, Cuneo, Demonte, Dronero, San Damiano, Valgrana, Vernante and Vinadio.
* Alba, cantons: Alba, Bossolasco, Bra, Canale, Cortemilia, Guarene, La Morra and Sommariva del Bosco.
* Mondovì, cantons: Bene, Carrù, Chiusa, Mondovì (2 cantons), Rocca de' Baldi, Torre and Villanova.
* Saluzzo (French: Saluces), cantons: Barge, Moretta, Paesana, Revello, Sampeyre, Saluzzo, Venasca and Verzuolo.
* Savigliano, cantons: Cavallermaggiore, Cherasco, Costigliole, Fossano, Racconigi and Savigliano.
Its population in 1812 was 431,438, and its area was approximately 857,216 hectares.
The Geographical Dictionary portable 1809 summarized the Department of Stura:
   "Climate rough, hilly ground, stony, produces abundant fruit, nuts, mulberry, chestnut woods, pastures, some cattle, many horses, mules excellent, mines gold and silver, marble quarries, gold flakes in the rivers, mineral waters. Its inhabitants are simple, aggressive, small, agile, excellent foot: soft and laboring women. Great trade for Lyon silk, fruit, truffles, fodder, livestock, dairy, marble, limestone, few factories and mills."

## List of prefects

* 26 August 1802 – 1803 Jean Laurent de Grégory, comte de Marcorengo
* 24 September 1803 – 1810 Pierre Amédée Vincent Joseph Marie Arborio-Biamino
* 30 November 1811 – 12 March 1813 Auguste Joseph Baude de La Vieuville
* 12 March 1813 – March 1813 Antoine Louis Campan
* 25 March 1813 – 1814 Louis-Honoré-Félix Le Peletier d'Aunay
# Lessonia (bird)

Lessonia is a genus of South American birds in the tyrant flycatcher family, found near freshwater lakes and saline marshes.
The genus was erected by the English naturalist William Swainson in 1832 with the Austral negrito as the type species. The genus name was chosen to honour the French Navy surgeon and naturalist René Lesson (1794–1849).

## Species

The genus contains two species:
| Male | Female | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| | | Lessonia oreas | Andean negrito | central Peru south into western Bolivia, down into north eastern Chile and northern Argentina |
| | | Lessonia rufa | Austral negrito | Argentina and Chile, migrating north as far as Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay |
# Yuman, California

39°30′45″N 121°33′29″W﻿ / ﻿39.51250°N 121.55806°W﻿ / 39.51250; -121.55806
Yuman is a former Maidu settlement in Butte County, California. It lay at an elevation of 171 feet (52 m). Its location is currently within the city limits of Oroville.
# Long-form journalism

Long-form journalism is a branch of journalism dedicated to longer articles with larger amounts of content. Typically, this will be between 1,000 and 20,000 words. Long-form articles often take the form of creative nonfiction or narrative journalism.

## History
### Middle Ages

The distribution of tracts pre-dates the development of the printing press, with the term being applied by scholars to religious and political works at least as early as the 13th century. They were used to disseminate the teachings of John Wycliffe in the 14th century. As a political tool, tracts proliferated throughout Europe during the 17th century. They were printed as persuasive religious material from the time of Gutenberg's invention.

### Renaissance

A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subject, generally longer and treating it in greater depth than an essay, and more concerned with investigating or exposing the principles of the subject. Some noteworthy Treatises include The Prince, The Wealth of Nations, A Treatise of Human Nature and Two Treatises of Government.

### Early modern Europe

Beginning with propaganda during the Reformation, the rise of the printing press and literacy led to pamphleteering enjoying its heyday from the 17th Century to the 19th Century. Books were considered expensive and tracts did not necessarily address contemporary issues so pamphlets were widely produced and circulated. UNESCO defined a pamphlet as " a non-periodical printed publication of at least 5 but not more than 48 pages, exclusive of the cover pages, published in a particular country and made available to the public" and a book as "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, exclusive of the cover pages". A notable pamphlet is Common Sense.

### 20th century

Literary and cultural-commentary publications such as Reader's Digest, The Atlantic, and Harper's pioneered long-form journalism in the new medium of magazines.

### 21st century

Long-form journalism has grown in popularity over the past several years, with blogs and media organizations including Medium, The Caravan, BuzzFeed and The New York Times creating or expanding long-form coverage and new companies such as The Atavist, Longreads.com, Longform.org, and Longformarticles.net being founded to capitalize on the new interest.
# Kodai Hamaya

Kodai Hamaya (濱矢 廣大, Hamaya Kōdai, born February 27, 1993) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles and Yokohama DeNA BayStars.

## Career
### Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles

The Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles selected Hamaya with their third round selection in the 2013 Nippon Professional Baseball draft. Hamaya spent the majority of the 2014 season with the farm team, posting a 2.83 ERA in 12 games. On September 28, 2014, Hamaya made his NPB debut.
In 2015, Hamaya made 8 appearances for Rakuten, posting a 7.20 ERA with 14 strikeouts in 10.0 innings pitched. The following season, Hamaya struggled to a 10.24 ERA in 13 appearances with the main club. In 2017, Hamaya played in 7 games with the Eagles, pitching to a 5.19 ERA with 8 strikeouts in 8.2 innings. Hamaya spent the majority of the 2018 season with the farm team, and logged a 3.72 ERA with 8 strikeouts in 9.2 innings of work across 7 appearances with the main team.

### Yokohama DeNA BayStars

On March 26, 2019, Hamaya was traded to the Yokohama DeNA BayStars in exchange for Kento Kumabara. Hamaya spent the majority of the year with Yokohama's farm team, and struggled to a 32.40 ERA in 2 games with the main club. In 2020, Hamaya pitched in 18 games for the BayStars, recording a 3.60 ERA with 18 strikeouts in 25.0 innings of work. On December 2, 2020, he became a free agent.

### Ibaraki Astro Planets

On February 8, 2021, Hamaya signed with the Ibaraki Astro Planets of the Baseball Challenge League.

### El Águila de Veracruz

On July 19, 2021, Hamaya’s contract was purchased by El Águila de Veracruz of the Mexican League. In 3 games (2 starts) for Veracruz, he logged a 1-1 record and 4.05 ERA with 24 strikeouts across 13+1⁄3 innings pitched. Hamaya was released by the team on January 19, 2022.

### Nettuno Baseball Club

On March 17, 2022, Hamaya announced that he had signed with the Nettuno Baseball Club of the Italian Baseball League. In 10 games (6 starts) for Nettuno, he posted an 0-2 record and 3.49 ERA with 33 strikeouts across 28+1⁄3 innings pitched. Hamaya became a free agent following the season.
# Martinique amazon

The Martinique amazon (Amazona martinicana) is a hypothetical extinct species of Caribbean parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is not known from any material remains, but was said to be similar to the red-necked amazon (A. arausiaca) from Dominica, the next major island to the north of Martinique. Natives are known to have traded extensively in parrots between the Antilles, and it seems that the Martinique population was in some way related to or even descended from A. arausiaca.

## Description

Jean-Baptiste Labat described them as follows in 1742:
   Those of Dominica have some red feathers on the wings, under the throat, and in the tail; all the rest is green (Amazona bouqueti, w.r.). Those of Martinique have the same plumage as the last mentioned, but the top of the head is slate colour with a small amount of red.
Assuming it was a genuine and distinct taxon, it was endemic to Martinique and became extinct due to habitat loss as Martinique was cleared for agriculture. It has not been recorded since 1722.
The Guadeloupe amazon ("A. violacea"), a similarly speculative "species", was said to inhabit the island of Guadeloupe. It is sometimes considered to be the same as "A. martinicana". However, it is more widely held to be related or identical to the imperial amazon (A. imperialis), the second Amazona species of Dominica.
# Donegall Quay

Donegall Quay is a public park and greenspace located in Belfast on the River Lagan upstream of the Lagan Weir. It was originally developed in the early 1800s on reclaimed land and became integral to shipping in Belfast Harbour. It is opposite of Queen's Quay.
The Big Fish statue is located on the quay, as is the sculpture Sammy the Seal. Obel Tower is also adjacent to the quay.

## Industrial usage

Donegall Quay was developed in the early 1800s on reclaimed land, and became an integral area for shopping in the Belfast harbour.
In the 1980's, it was an active quayside where freight, such as scrap, would be transported and deposited. Donegall Quay was also used as a port, as ships would arrive, and depart for Liverpool and Glasgow.

## Redevelopment

Donegall Quay became a derelict piece of land, and would become a key part of redeveloping for the weir and cross-harbour road and railway bridges multiple-million pound project. The redevelopment included landscaping of the area, to become more tourist-friendly, and Donegall Quay Car Park was built, as well as the Laganside Bus Centre, which took the place of the old bus stations at Smithfield and Oxford Street. Railway bridges would be built in the 1990's, as well as the Lagan Weir, which bridge meets Queen's Quay from Donegall Quay.
# Moon River (gin cocktail)

The Moon River is a gin-based cocktail.

## Characteristics

Ingredients and measures: 4-5 ice cubes; 1/2 measure dry gin; 1/2 measures apricot brandy; 1/2 measure Cointreau; 1/4 measure Galliano; 1/4 measure fresh lemon juice; cocktail cherry for decoration.

## Preparation

Put some ice cubes into a mixing glass. Pour the gin, apricot brandy, Cointreau, Galliano, and lemon juice over the ice, stir, then strain into a large, chilled cocktail glass. Decorate with a cocktail cherry.