OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Historical anthropology

Historical anthropology is a historiographical movement which applies methodologies and objectives from social and cultural anthropology to the study of historical societies. Like most such movements, it is understood in different ways by different scholars, and to some may be synonymous with the history of mentalities, cultural history, ethnohistory, microhistory, history from below or Alltagsgeschichte. Anthropologists whose work has been particularly inspirational to historical anthropology include Emile Durkheim, Heinrich Schurtz, Arnold van Gennep, Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, Marcel Mauss, Clifford Geertz, Jack Goody, and Victor Turner.
Peter Burke has contrasted historical anthropology with social history, finding that historical anthropology tends to focus on qualitative rather than quantitative data, smaller communities, and symbolic aspects of culture. Thus it reflects a turn in 1960s Marxist historiography away from 'the orthodox Marxist approach to human behaviour in which actors are seen as motivated in the first instance by economics, and only secondarily by culture or ideology', in the work of historians such as E. P. Thompson.
Historical anthropology was rooted in the Annales school, associated with a succession of major historians such as Fernand Braudel, Jacques Le Goff, Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie and Pierre Nora, along with researchers from elsewhere in Europe such as Carlo Ginzburg. The label historical anthropology has been actively promoted by some recent Annales school historians, such as Jean-Claude Schmitt. Established in 1929 by Marc Bloch and Lucien Febvre, the journal Annales. Histoire, Sciences sociales is still among the most influential French publications for research in historical anthropology.
Historical anthropology has been open to similar criticisms to anthropology: 'as Bernard Cohn and John and Jean Comaroff have observed, studies in which societies were represented in this way were often partial, biased, and unwitting handmaidens to the domination of non-Western peoples by Europeans and Americans'. But since the Second World War, increasingly reflexive approaches have led to sophisticated developments of the field, and the banner of 'historical anthropology' has often attracted Anglo-American historians in ways that the Annales school did not: key figures have been Sidney Mintz, Jay O'Brien, William Roseberry, Marshall Sahlins, Jane Schneider, Peter Schneider, Eric Wolf, Peter Burke, and people from elsewhere in the world such as Aaron Gurevich.
# Alabama State Route 144

State Route 144 (SR 144) is a 26.663-mile-long (42.910 km) east–west state highway in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. It travels from U.S. Route 231 (US 231) in St. Clair County near Pell City to US 431 at Alexandria in Calhoun County. The highway is two lanes for its entire length. The highway also crosses the Coosa River using the bridge across the Neely Henry Dam.

## History

Until 1997, the section of SR 144 between SR 77 and US 431 was designated as SR 62. SR 62 is now assigned to a short highway in Marshall County. Also, the section of SR 144 between SR 77 and Ragland was signed as St. Clair County Route 26 (CR 26) until SR 144 was extended eastward.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| St. Clair | Wattsville | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 231 (Heart of Dixie Highway/SR 53) – Pell City, Ashville | Western terminus |
| Coosa River | Coosa River | 17.073 | 27.476 | Neely Henry Dam | Neely Henry Dam |
| Calhoun | Ohatchee | 18.123 | 29.166 | SR 77 – Lincoln, Southside | |
| Calhoun | Alexandria | 26.663 | 42.910 | US 431 (SR 1) – Anniston, Saks, Glencoe, Gadsden | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||
# Johannes Sandven

Johannes Sandven (1 November 1909 – 2 September 2000) was a Norwegian educator. He was born in Fana. He was appointed professor at the University of Oslo from 1950 to 1979. He was a co-founder and editor of the journal Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1980.
# Lautaro Ovando

Lautaro Nahuel Ovando (born 10 February 2003) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a forward for Chilean club Deportes La Serena on loan from Argentinos Juniors.

## Club career

Born in San Martín, Argentina, Ovando is a product of Argentinos Juniors and made his professional debut in an Argentine Primera División match against Independiente on 18 July 2021.
In August 2023, Ovando was loaned out to Talleres on a deal for 18 months with an option to buy. In June 2024, Argentinos Juniors ended his loan with Talleres and subsequently loaned him to Estudiantes de Buenos Aires until December of the same year.
In 2025, Ovando moved on loan to Chilean Primera División club Deportes La Serena.

## International career

Ovando has represented Argentina at under-15, under-16 and under-20 level. He represented Argentina U20 at the 2022 South American Games.
# Inge Viermetz

Inge Viermetz (7 March 1908 – 23 April 1997) was responsible for the Lebensborn in Nazi Germany. As an assistant to Max Sollmann, head of the Lebensborn, she was acquitted at the RuSHA Trial.

## Biography
### Personal life and career

Viermetz studied between 1914 and 1918 at the primary school in Aschaffenburg, and then at a school of higher learning, where she obtained a bachelor's degree. Holding a business degree in 1923, she worked as a reporter from that time to 1932. She married that year, and moved to Austria. She returned to Germany in 1935 and she worked until 1938 in a textile factory in Augsburg, and then as a secretary at a horse racetrack in Munich. She divorced in 1936 and remarried in 1939.
In 1937 she became a member of the National Socialist People's Welfare, the National Socialist Women's League and Reichskolonialbund.

### Lebensborn

After a brief period of unemployment, Viermetz found a job in the Lebensborn of Munich. From that moment she belonged to the SS-Gefolge. She first worked as a stenographer, but rose to become a leading figure in the organisation.
From September 1939, she oversaw the department of the placement of single mothers, as well as the department of nursing homes and adoption agencies. For example, one time she was responsible for the transfer of 300 Polish children from Reichsgau Wartheland to the German Reich. From January 1941 to beginning of May 1942, she changed to several different departments within the Lebensborn, such as working in the department of war orphans.
From December 1942 until the summer of 1943, Viermetz was commissioner of the Lebensborn for Belgium and Northern France and the Ardennes, and ran an establishment at Wégimont. During the summer of 1943, it was set aside due to financial irregularities and dismissed on December 21 of the same year. She lived in Munich but then was discharged in February 1944 at Winhöring following the course of the war.

### Post-war

At the end of the war, in July 1945, Viermetz was arrested and incarcerated. In January 1946, she was released, first living in Winhöring, and then Munich from December of the same year. In January 1947, she was imprisoned again and was indicted at the RuSHA Trial. At the trial, which began on 1 July 1947, she was the only woman among the 14 defendants and only the second woman to stand trial in Nuremberg.
Viermetz was accused of the abduction of Polish children with so called "Aryan features", who were brought to the Reich for " Germanization". It was justified by the fact that she was a subordinate employee who had acted out of compassion. She was acquitted on 10 March 1948 and was the only defendant acquitted from charges.
She was recognized as denazified by a court in Munich in 1950. Nothing is known about her life after this.
# Gare Centrale metro station

Gare Centrale (French) or Centraal Station (Dutch) is a Brussels Metro station on lines 1 and 5. It is located five minutes' walk from Brussels-Central railway station, under the Marché au Bois/Houtmarkt, in the City of Brussels, Belgium, and can be accessed through a pedestrian tunnel.
The station opened on 17 December 1969 as a premetro (underground tram) station on the tram line between De Brouckère and Schuman. This station was upgraded to full metro status on 20 September 1976, serving former east–west line 1 (further split in 1982 into former lines 1A and 1B). Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it now lies on the joint section of east–west lines 1 and 5.

## History

Gare Centrale/Centraal Station station was inaugurated on 17 December 1969 as a premetro station (i.e. a station served by underground tramways), as part of the first underground public transport route in Belgium, which initially stretched from De Brouckère to Schuman. On 20 September 1976, this premetro line was converted into a heavy metro line, which was later split into two distinct lines on 6 October 1982: former lines 1A and 1B, both serving Gare Centrale/Centraal Station. On 4 April 2009, metro operation was restructured and the station is now served by metro lines 1 and 5.
# Thomas Gabriel (composer)

Thomas Gabriel (born 25 August 1957) is a German church musician, composer and arranger.

## Career

Born in Essen, Gabriel studied Catholic church music at the Folkwang Hochschule, organ with Sieglinde Ahrens and Josef Bucher. From 1983 to 1986 he served as cantor at the Liebfrauenkirche in Recklinghausen. He worked freelance from 1987 to 1988 for the West German Radio and the Ruhrfestspiele in Recklinghausen. From 1989 to 1991 he was district cantor at St. Martin, Idstein, where he founded a youth choir called Martinis in 1988. From 1992 to 1997 he was regional cantor in Saarbrücken. Since 1998, he has been cantor for the Regional Institute of Sacred Music in the Diocese of Mainz with a focus on Neues Geistliches Lied (NGL, New sacred song), for the deaneries Offenbach, Rodgau and Seligenstadt, at the church St. Marcellinus und Petrus [de]).
Gabriel gives many concerts as an organist, harpsichordist and pianist, particularly as a member of the Thomas Gabriel Trio, whose artistic focus is on jazz arrangements of the music of Johann Sebastian Bach.
As a composer, Gabriel tries to combine traditional church music with elements from jazz and pop. He composed in 2005 Missa mundi (Mass of the world) for the final mass of the World Youth Day in Cologne on 21 August 2005, representing five continents in style and instrumentation: a European Kyrie influenced by the style of Bach, a South American Gloria with guitars and pan flutes, an Asian Credo with sitar, an African Sanctus with drums, and an Australian Agnus Dei with didgeridoos. It was premiered by a project choir from the Würzburg Cathedral, conducted by Martin Berger, with Gabriel at the keyboard. He participated in the project Mainzer Bistumsmesse (Mass of the Diocese of Mainz), a collaboration of six regional cantors to create a mass in German for choir, a high voice (children's choir or soprano) and organ. Dan Zerfaß composed Herr, erbarme dich, Nicolo Sokoli Ehre sei Gott, Thomas Gabriel Ich glaube an Gott, Andreas Boltz Gottheit tief verborgen, Ralf Stiewe Heilig, and Ruben J. Sturm Lamm Gottes.

## Compositions

* Daniel, rock oratorio
* Mainzer Messe (Mainz Mass), for three-part mixed choir, keyboard (organ, piano) and brass (trumpet, saxophon, trombone), text by Raymund Weber
* Frau Holle, musical
* 1999: Martin in Mainhattan (Martin in Mainhattan – nickname of Frankfurt), musical
* 2002: Emmaus, oratorio, text by Eugen Eckert
* Misa de Solidaridad for solo, four-part mixed choir and instruments, a mass of solidarity with Bolivia
* 2003: compositions for the opening service of the Ökumenischer Kirchentag [de] at the Brandenburger Tor in Berlin
* compositions for the closing service of the 95th Katholikentag in Ulm
* 2004: Bonifatius, oratorio, text by Barbara Nichtweiß [de]
* 2005: Missa mundi (Mass of the world), final mass of the World Youth Day on 21 August 2005
* 2006: Der Sonne entgegen (Towards the sun), musical on the life of Saint Edith Stein, including texts by students of the Edith-Stein-Schule Darmstadt [de]
* 2006: Kreuzweg, oratorio
* 2010: Junia, oratorio, text by Eckert
* 2017: Bruder Martin, oratorio, text by Eckert
# Catia Summaria

Catia Summaria (born 1947) is an Italian lawyer, jurist and magistrate, who is Promoter of Justice in the Court of Appeals of the Vatican City. She is the first woman to hold the position.

## Career

Summaria is a lawyer, jurist and magistrate. From 1980 to 1989 she was a judicial auditor; she was subsequently appointed to the District Prosecutor's Office of Rome as deputy. In 2000 she was appointed deputy prosecutor of the Public Prosecutor's Office at the Ordinary Court of Rome, a role she held until 2011. She then was appointed deputy prosecutor of Rome's Court of Appeal, holding the position until 2017. In 2015 she was a member of the commission that reviewed reform of the Italian judicial system.
On 5 February 2021 Summaria was appointed Promoter of Justice in the Vatican's Court of Appeals of the Vatican City. She is the first woman ever to hold the position. Her predecessor was Raffaele Coppola (it), who left the role in April 2019. Her appointment was described by Crux Now as Pope Francis' "ultimate sign of [his] seriousness about women’s empowerment".

## Personal life

Born in 1947 in Bari, she is married with two daughters.
# Alabama State Route 182

State Route 182 (SR 182) is a 17.046-mile (27.433 km) state highway that serves as the primary east-west connection along the Alabama shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico between Gulf Shores and Orange Beach in Baldwin County. The western terminus of SR 182 dead-ends at a private resort in Pine Beach, and the eastern terminus is located at the Florida state line.

## Route description

SR 182 begins at a private resort in Pine Beach. From this point, the route travels in an easterly course paralleling the shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico through both Gulf Shores and Orange Beach en route to its eastern terminus at the Florida state line. Upon entering Florida, the route continues as State Road 292 (SR 292).

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Baldwin County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Gulf Shores | 0.000 | 0.000 | Laguna Key | Laguna Key |
| Gulf Shores | 6.467 | 10.408 | SR 59 north to I-10 / Foley Beach Express north – toll ferry | SR-59 southern terminus |
| Gulf Shores | 7.907 | 12.725 | SR 135 north – Gulf State Park Picnic Area | SR-135 southern terminus |
| Orange Beach | 12.886 | 20.738 | SR 161 north to SR 180 / Foley Beach Express north / I-10 | SR-161 southern terminus |
| Orange Beach | 17.046 | 27.433 | SR 292 east (Perdido Key Drive) – Pensacola | Florida state line |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Christian Wentz

Christian T. Wentz is an American electrical engineer and entrepreneur. He is recognized for his work in engineering authenticity in electronic devices and the use of these primitives in distributed systems, developing neural interface technologies and innovation in optoelectronics, low power circuit design, wireless power and high bandwidth communication technologies.

## Early life

Wentz grew up in Wausau, Wisconsin. He graduated from Wausau East High School in 2004.
Wentz received a bachelor of science degree in electrical science and engineering in 2009 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He received his master of engineering degree in electrical engineering and computer science in 2010 from MIT. He returned to MIT in 2013 to pursue a PhD with the support of the Myhrvold & Havranek Hertz Foundation Fellowship in applied sciences. His PhD work focused on development of minimally invasive biosensors.
As of 2017, Wentz is on leave from MIT to pursue entrepreneurial ventures.

## Career

As an undergraduate student at MIT in the lab of Edward Boyden, Wentz developed wireless neural interface technology using optogenetics, and worked on ultra-low power circuit technology for large-scale acquisition of neural signals.
In 2011, based on this work, Wentz founded Kendall Research Systems, LLC (KRS). KRS became the first company to commercialize wireless optogenetics instrumentation for use in the pharmaceutical industry and translational neuroscience. The company bootstrapped itself until it received support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). KRS explored ultra-low power signal processing topologies to capture signals from large numbers of neurons in devices implanted in humans, e.g. deep brain stimulators.
In 2010, while still a student at MIT, he co-founded Cerenova, Inc, a spinout from Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Neurosurgery, with noted functional neurosurgeon Emad Eskandar. Their work focused on novel applications of electrical neuromodulation for recovery and improvement of learning and cognition.
In February 2017, KRS’ neurotechnology assets were acquired by Kernel for an undisclosed sum. Following the acquisition, Wentz served as Vice President of Product at Kernel, leading development program in clinical neural interfaces.
In August 2018, Wentz announced the establishment and funding of Gradient Technologies, Inc., a venture focused on engineering trust into everyday electronic devices such that "the authenticity and integrity of every electronic device, the software it operates, data it stores and computes, and information itself, are provable qualities by construction, not by trust in a third party".
Previously, Wentz worked on hardware for wearable technology company Misfit, Inc. Misfit was acquired by Fossil Group in November 2015 for $260 million.

## Recognition

In 2011, Wentz was named to the inaugural Forbes 30 Under 30 in Science and Innovation for his work in neurotechnology.
In 2012, Wentz received the Myhrvold & Havranak Family Hertz Foundation Fellowship in applied sciences to pursue a PhD at MIT.
# Irkutskenergo

Irkutskenergo (MCX: IRGZ) is a power company in Russia. It mainly focus on the generation of hydroelectricity.
The company's hydroelectric facilities are located on the Angara River: Irkutsk, Bratsk, and Ust-Ilimsk hydroelectric power plants. In addition, the company owns 13 coal-fired combined heat and power plants. The total installed capacity of Irkutskenergo is 12,879.9 MW of electric power and 13,002 Gcal/hour of thermal power.

## Ownership

Irkutskenergo is controlled by EuroSibEnergo, a subsidiary of Oleg Deripaska owned En+ Group, which owns a 90.8% share in the company. The rest of shares is traded on the Moscow Exchange.
Inter RAO previously owned 40% of shares. RusHydro had shown its interest to acquire stake owned by Inter RAO.
# Harm Holman

Harm Holman (born 27 July 1957) is a Dutch politician, who has served on the House of Representatives since the November 2023 general election. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) before switching to New Social Contract (NSC).

## Life and career

Holman was born in 1957 in Roden, Drenthe. He worked as a dairy farmer from 1979 to 2021, having succeeded his father in managing the family farm in Steenbergen, Drenthe. A member of the CDA, he held a seat in the Noordenveld Municipal Council, the Noorderzijlvest Water Board, and the Provincial Council of Drenthe (1994–2006).
Holman joined New Social Contract (NSC), when it was established by Pieter Omtzigt, formerly of the CDA, ahead of the November 2023 general election. He later characterized the CDA as a "traditional governing party", and he said that he was inspired by Omtzigt's efforts in uncovering the childcare benefits scandal. Holman was the party's 20th candidate in November 2023, and he was elected to the House of Representatives. His portfolio included agriculture, the Groningen gas field, mining, and competition before the latter two were replaced by nitrogen crisis and animal welfare following the Schoof cabinet's swearing in.
In an interview, Holman opined that the viability of the agricultural sector was under threat due to years of failing policy from the government, referring to the nitrogen and manure crises. He admitted his complicity as a politician for the CDA. In January 2025, Holman criticized agriculture minister Femke Wiersma (BBB), of his own governing coalition, for failing to articulate a future vision for the sector. He argued that the government should provide a clear plan to mitigate the environmental impact of agriculture, to avert an imminent involuntary reduction in the livestock population. Holman advocated for a transition from intensive to extensive farming, implying a voluntary reduction in the livestock population.

### House committee assignments

* Committee for Asylum and Migration
* Committee for Agriculture, Fisheries, Food Security and Nature

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Harm Holman :
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Result | Result | Ref. |
| Year | Body | Party | Party | Pos. | Votes | Party seats | Individual | Ref. |
| 2023 | House of Representatives | | New Social Contract | 20 | 1,378 | 20 | Won | |
# Tim Lee (musician)

Tim Lee, also known as Tim 'Love' Lee (born January 1970, Cambridge, England) is an English musician, record producer and DJ. He is the founder of Tummy Touch Records. He is most notable as a pioneer of electronic dance music and trip hop, his debut album having been among Fact magazine's 50 best trip hop albums of all time. Since the mid 1990s Lee has released six artist albums, two compilations, twenty seven singles and three commercially available DJ mix albums. He has produced over seventy remixes for other artists. He currently resides in Brooklyn, New York City.

## Biography

In 1989, Lee studied music in Nottingham, having developed his passion for music on the local band scene in Cambridge. After earning his Bachelor Degree he joined Katrina and the Waves for two years playing Hammond organ. Lee appeared on their album Pet the Tiger (Virgin, 1991). In August 1994, Lee started his first record label, Peace Feast.
In 1996, Lee started Tummy Touch Records, who have released music by Groove Armada, Little Barrie, Beardyman and Steve Arrington. In 1997, Lee released his first album, Confessions of a Selector.
Tim Lee's DJ skills have seen him host radio shows for Kiss FM, BBC Radio 6 Music, KEXP-FM and NYC's East Village Radio.
Lee has been invited to lecture and sit on panels for events organized by The Red Bull Music Academy (in Florida and Dublin), Diesel (in London and New York), The Musicians' Union (in London), The UK Dept. of Trade & Industry (in Austin, Texas for SXSW), The British Council (in London) and others.
Lee is music co-director of the arts organization The Wassaic Project.

## Discography
### Albums

* Tim 'Love' Lee – Confessions of a Selector (TUCH007, 1997)
* Tim 'Love' Lee – Just Call Me Lone Lee (TUCH040, 2000)
* Tim 'Love' Lee – Against Nature (TUCH114, 2005)

### Mix albums

* Various artists – It's All Good (K7, 2003)
* Various artists – Coming Home (Stereo Deluxe, 2007)
* Various artists – The Trip (Universal Import, 2004)