# Tayum

Tayum, officially the Municipality of Tayum (Ilocano: Ili ti Tayum; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tayum), is a municipality in the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 14,869 people.
Every 25 November, Tayum celebrates its town fiesta. Roman Catholicism is the dominant religion.

## Etymology

According to historical records, Tayum was named after the indigo plant, which the Ilocanos referred to as tayum-tayum. Indigo once flourished in Tayum, and it was a source of wealth for the Ilocanos. A big vat (pagtimbugan) was used in decaying the plant into a blue-black dye called "ngila" in Barangay Deet, about a half-kilometer away from the town proper. Cotton yams were dyed using the dye.
However, at the turn of the century, a powder dye from the Anilino Factories of Germany became popular among Ilocano weavers, effectively killing the indigo industry.

## History
### Spanish colonial era

Tayum, also known as Bukaw, was founded in 1626 by an enterprising priest named Father Juan Pareja. Father Gabriel Alvarez, another equally daring and adventurous Augustinian Priest, built a temporary chapel in Tayum during his expedition to Lepanto in 1569. Tayum was formally organized as a political unit under the Spanish Regime in 1725. Don Vidal Banganan served as the first Gobernadorcillo.
With the construction of the solid bricks walled church under the successive Augustinian missions, Tayum transformed from a mere visita of Bangued into an independent mission in the year 1807. The church was built in honor of St. Catherine of Alexandria, whose feast day falls on November 25.

### American invasion era

In 1904, Tayum reverted to a barrio of Bangued, due to the deterioration of peace and order at the time. Tayum's existence as a barrio came to an end on December 31, 1907, when Don Pio Balmaceda y Belmonte was appointed Teniente del barrio. Balmaceda organized his men to effectively curb lawlessness, restoring peace to the town. It regained its town status, with Don Manuel Brillantes as its first president.

### Contemporary

On July 27, 2022, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck 3 km from the town. The quake killed at least eleven people and injured 567 others (19 of them in Tayum).

## Geography

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 61.14 square kilometres (23.61 sq mi)  constituting 1.47% of the 4,165.25-square-kilometre- (1,608.21 sq mi) total area of Abra.
Tayum is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of capital Bangued and 413 kilometres (257 mi) from Manila. The town is located at 17°37′N 120°40′E﻿ / ﻿17.62°N 120.66°E﻿ / 17.62; 120.66.

### Barangays

Tayum is politically subdivided into 11 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
| PSGC | Barangay | Population | Population | Population | ±% p.a. | ±% p.a. |
| | | 2020 | 2020 | 2010 | | |
| 140124001 | Bagalay | 6.9% | 1,026 | 937 | ▴ | 0.91% |
| 140124002 | Basbasa | 5.7% | 852 | 849 | ▴ | 0.04% |
| 140124003 | Budac | 9.3% | 1,387 | 1,286 | ▴ | 0.76% |
| 140124004 | Bumagcat | 5.6% | 830 | 794 | ▴ | 0.44% |
| 140124005 | Cabaroan | 9.2% | 1,365 | 1,251 | ▴ | 0.88% |
| 140124006 | Deet | 6.5% | 973 | 912 | ▴ | 0.65% |
| 140124007 | Gaddani | 10.6% | 1,573 | 1,325 | ▴ | 1.73% |
| 140124008 | Patucannay | 9.7% | 1,445 | 1,317 | ▴ | 0.93% |
| 140124009 | Pias | 7.9% | 1,169 | 1,165 | ▴ | 0.03% |
| 140124010 | Poblacion | 18.0% | 2,676 | 2,645 | ▴ | 0.12% |
| 140124011 | Velasco | 10.6% | 1,573 | 1,459 | ▴ | 0.76% |
| | Total | Total | 14,869 | 14,869 | | 0.00% |

### Climate

Climate data for Tayum, Abra :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29 (84) | 31 (88) | 32 (90) | 34 (93) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 31 (87) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18 (64) | 19 (66) | 20 (68) | 23 (73) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 19 (66) | 22 (71) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 9 (0.4) | 11 (0.4) | 13 (0.5) | 23 (0.9) | 92 (3.6) | 122 (4.8) | 153 (6.0) | 137 (5.4) | 139 (5.5) | 141 (5.6) | 42 (1.7) | 14 (0.6) | 896 (35.4) |
| Average rainy days | 4.6 | 4.0 | 6.2 | 9.1 | 19.5 | 23.2 | 24.0 | 22.5 | 21.5 | 15.2 | 10.5 | 6.0 | 166.3 |
| Source: Meteoblue ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

In the 2020 census, Tayum had a population of 14,869. The population density was 240 inhabitants per square kilometre (620/sq mi).

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Tayum
* 5
* 10
* 15
* 20
* 25
* 30
* 2006 23.40
* 2009 23.73
* 2012 23.38
* 2015 15.48
* 2018 17.92
* 2021 13.46
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

## Government
### Local government

Tayum, belonging to the lone congressional district of the province of Abra, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

### Elected officials

Members of the Municipal Council (2019–2022) :
| Position | Name |
| Congressman | Joseph Santo Niño B. Bernos |
| Mayor | Placido P. Eduarte Jr. |
| Vice-Mayor | Emmanuel Eleazar B. Eduarte |
| Councilors | Agustin B. Barbieto Jr. |
| Councilors | Romel Flor B. Tamo |
| Councilors | Bienvenido A. Dion Jr. |
| Councilors | Avelino T. Tejero |
| Councilors | Joel P. Flores |
| Councilors | Teresa B. Millare |
| Councilors | Eduardo A. Tejero |
| Councilors | Constantino T. Fernandez |

## List of Cultural Properties of Tayum

| Site name | Description | Province | City or municipality | Address | Coordinates |
| Saint Catherine of Alexandria Church | A 19th-century Baroque church, declared a National Cultural Treasure by the National Museum of the Philippines in 2001. | Abra | Tayum | | 17°37′07″N 120°39′16″E﻿ / ﻿17.618511°N 120.654319°E﻿ / 17.618511; 120.654319﻿ (Saint Catherine of Alexandria Church) |
| First SVD Regional House | Established by Fr. Luis Beckert in 1912. Fr. Beckert is the first regional superior of the SVD Missionaries in Abra. | Abra | Tayum | | 17°37′07″N 120°39′16″E﻿ / ﻿17.618511°N 120.654319°E﻿ / 17.618511; 120.654319﻿ (First SVD Regional House) |
| Flores Ancestral House | Built in 1890. | Abra | Tayum | Isidro Flores St. | 17°37′04″N 120°39′18″E﻿ / ﻿17.617696°N 120.655003°E﻿ / 17.617696; 120.655003﻿ (Flores Ancestral House) |
| Jose Cariño Sr. Ancestral House | | Abra | Tayum | 1 Brilliantes corner Jose Cariño | 17°37′00″N 120°39′17″E﻿ / ﻿17.616621°N 120.654817°E﻿ / 17.616621; 120.654817﻿ (Jose Cariño Sr. Ancestral House) |
| Teodoro Brillantes Ancestral House | | Abra | Tayum | Poblacion | |

## Transportation

The main mode of public transportation are tricycles and jeepneys.