# List of participants in the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

The Paris Peace Conference gathered over 30 nations at the Quai d'Orsay in Paris, France, to shape the future after World War I. The Russian SFSR was not invited to attend, having already concluded a peace treaty with the Central Powers in the spring of 1918. The Central Powers - Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire - were not allowed to attend the conference until after the details of all the peace treaties had been elaborated and agreed upon. The main result of the conference was the Treaty of Versailles with Germany.

## Signing delegations

This list shows all nations and delegations who signed the Treaty of Versailles. All plenipotentiaries signed the treaty, except where indicated otherwise.
| State | Plenipotentiaries | Notes |
| Australia | Billy Hughes Joseph Cook | |
| Bolivia | Ismael Montes | |
| Belgium | Paul Hymans Jules Van den Heuvel Emile Vandervelde | |
| Brazil | João Pandiá Calógeras [pt] Rodrigo Otávio de Langgaard Menezes [es] | |
| Canada | Robert Borden Charles Doherty Arthur Sifton | Signed under 'British Empire'. Prime Minister Borden fought successfully for Canada to have its own seat at the Conference, which the British and Americans eventually relented too, opening the doors to allowing Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, and South Africa to send representatives as well. Borden also insisted that he be included among those leaders to sign the Treaty of Versailles; however, it was agreed that Canada would sign under the British Empire. |
| China | Lu Zhengxiang Wellington Koo Cao Rulin | Many in China felt betrayed as the German territory in China was handed to Japan. Wellington Koo refused to sign the treaty and the Chinese delegation was the only nation that did not sign the Treaty of Versailles at the signing ceremony. At the time of the Paris Peace Conference there were two governments claiming to be the legitimate government of China: the Beiyang Government in Beijing, and Dr Sun Yat-sen's Guangzhou based Kuomintang (KMT) movement. However, they worked together to create the united diplomatic team that would plead China's case in Paris. |
| Cuba | Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirven | |
| Czechoslovakia | Karel Kramář Edvard Beneš | |
| Ecuador | Enrique Darn y de Alsua | |
| France | Georges Clemenceau Stephen Pichon Louis-Lucien Klotz André Tardieu Jules Cambon | |
| Germany | Hermann Müller Johannes Bell | Germany were excluded from the negotiations, but Hermann Müller and Johannes Bell, as government ministers in the new Weimar Republic, signed the treaty as representatives of Germany on 29 June 1919. |
| Greece | Eleftherios Venizelos Nicolas Politis | |
| Guatemala | Joaquín Méndez | |
| Haiti | Tertullien Guilbaud | |
| Hejaz | Rustam Haidar Abdul Hadi Aouni | Later absorbed into Saudi Arabia. |
| Honduras | Policarpo Bonilla | |
| India | Edwin Samuel Montagu Ganga Singh | |
| Italy | Vittorio Emanuele Orlando Sidney Sonnino Guglielmo Imperiali Silvio Crespi | |
| Japan | Saionji Kinmochi Makino Nobuaki Chinda Sutemi Matsui Keishirō | |
| Liberia | Charles D. B. King | |
| New Zealand | William Ferguson Massey | |
| Nicaragua | Salvador Chamorro | |
| Panama | Antonio Burgos | |
| Peru | Carlos de Candamo | |
| Poland | Ignacy Jan Paderewski Roman Dmowski | |
| Portugal | Afonso Costa Augusto Soares | |
| Romania | Ion I. C. Brătianu Constantin Coandă | |
| Serbs, Croats and Slovenes | Nikola Pašić Ante Trumbić Milenko Radomar Vesnić Slobodan Jovanović Miodrag Ibrovac | Later Kingdom of Yugoslavia |
| Siam | Charoonsakdi Kritakara Traidos Prabandhu | |
| South Africa | Jan Smuts Louis Botha | |
| United Kingdom | David Lloyd George Bonar Law Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner Arthur Balfour George Barnes | |
| United States | Woodrow Wilson Robert Lansing Henry White Tasker H. Bliss | See also American Commission to Negotiate Peace. |
| Uruguay | Juan Antonio Buero | |
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Non-signatory

## Other national representatives

Despite not signing the treaties, other delegations were sent to the Paris Peace Conferences, some uninvited, in order to represent their national interests.
| Nation | Representatives | Notes |
| Arab delegation | Faisal Lawrence of Arabia | Faisal, later King of Iraq, advocated for an independent Arab state. T. E. Lawrence acted as the delegation's translator. |
| First Republic of Armenia | Avetis Aharonian Hamo Ohanjanyan Armen Garo | |
| Aromanian delegation | National Committee of the Pindus | Attempted to establish an autonomous Aromanian entity. |
| Assyrian delegation | Bishop Aphrem Baroum | Attempted to establish an autonomous Assyrian entity in the Assyrian homeland. |
| Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan | Alimardan bey Topchubashov | |
| Belarusian Democratic Republic | Anton Luckievich | Attempted to gain international recognition of the independence of Belarus. |
| Estonia | Jaan Poska Nikolai Köstner Jaan Tõnisson Ants Piip Karl Robert Pusta Mihkel Martna Eduard Laaman Joakim Puhk | Attempted to gain recognition of the independence of Estonia. |
| Democratic Republic of Georgia | Nikolay Chkheidze Irakli Tsereteli Zurab Avalishvili | |
| Irish Republic | Seán T. O'Kelly | The unrecognized Irish Republic sent representatives in hope the republic declared at the Easter Rising in 1916 would be recognised, but they were ignored. |
| Korean Provisional Government | Kim Kyu-sik | Representing the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, in-exile in China. |
| Kurdish delegation | Şerif Pasha | Representing Society for the Rise of Kurdistan and its goal to establish an independent country, or an autonomous entity, in Kurdistan. |
| Latvia | Jānis Čakste | Attempted to gain recognition of the independence of Latvia. |
| Lebanon | Daoud Amoun (first delegation) Elias Peter Hoayek (second delegation) Abdullah El-Khoury (third delegation) | Three separate delegations were sent to attempt to: expand the borders of Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate and to gain recognition of the independence of Lebanon. |
| Lithuania | Augustinas Voldemaras Antanas Smetona | Attempted to gain recognition of the independence of Lithuania. |
| Montenegro | Nicholas I of Montenegro | The unification of Serbia and Montenegro on 18 November 1918 was contested by the exiled king of Montenegro. Despite Italian support, Montenegro was denied an official seat at the Peace Conferences, and the unification of Serbia and Montenegro was recognised. |
| Newfoundland | William F. Lloyd | |
| Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus | Abdulmajid Tapa Tchermoeff | |
| Persia | Mostowfi ol-Mamalek Vosugh od-Dowleh Mohammad Ali Foroughi | Iranians, as a neutral power, negotiated war reparations to both, Allies and Central Powers (suggesting Ottoman and Russian territory) due to Persian campaign. Also solicited French or American help to seizure independence from Anglo-Russian spheres of influence in Persia. |
| Russia | Sergey Sazonov | The Allied Powers refused to recognise the Bolshevik government of Russia, and instead invited representatives of the Russian Provisional Government (chaired by Prince Lvov), the successor to the Russian Constituent Assembly and the political arm of the Russian White movement. |
| San Marino | M. Bucquet | |
| Syria | Chekri Ganem Jamil Mardam Bey | See Central Syrian Committee. |
| Tripolitanian Republic | | Lobbied for the independence of Tripolitania from Italian Libya. |
| Ukrainian People's Republic | Hryhorii Sydorenko Mykhailo Tyshkevych | Lobbied for the independence of Ukraine and for support in its war against Russia. |
| Vietnam | Nguyen Ai Quoc | Nguyen Ai Quoc (later known as Ho Chi Minh) petitioned the conference, seeking self determination and independence for the Vietnamese people. |
| West Ukrainian People's Republic | Vasyl Paneiko | Lobbied for the independence of West Ukraine. |

## Non-national representatives

Other non-national or pan-national delegations were in Paris, hoping to petition the allies on issues relating to their causes.
| Group | Major People | Notes |
| 1st Pan-African Congress | W. E. B. Du Bois Ida Gibbs | Held in February 1919 in order to petition the allies on African issues. |
| Inter-Allied Women's Conference | Marguerite de Witt-Schlumberger | Convened and met from 10 February to 10 April 1919. |
| Zionist Organization | Dr. Chaim Weizmann | Lobbied for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. |

## Oversights

An oft-stated myth is that the Principality of Andorra was not invited to attend, due to an 'oversight' and that the issue of Andorra being at war was eventually resolved on September 24, 1958, when a peace treaty was signed. This claim first appeared in North American newspapers in 1958 and has been repeated since. In reality, Andorra did not officially participate in World War I. In 2014, the news outlet Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra investigated the 1958 claim and could find no documentation of any original declaration of war. Historian Pere Cavero could only find an exchange of letters between the German consul in Marseille and the Catalan Ombudsman, where the former asks if there is a state of war with Andorra and the latter responds they could find nothing in their archive to indicate this.