OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Uraci

The Uraci or Duraci (Greek: Urakoi) were a little-known Celtic people of pre-Roman Iberia who dwelt to the east of the Vaccaei and the Carpetani, occupying the southern Soria, northern Guadalajara and western Zaragoza provinces since the 4th century BC.

## Origins

Of mixed Illyrian and Gallic origin, the latter possibly related to the Helvetic Rauraci, the Uraci migrated to the Iberian Peninsula around the 4th Century BC during the Celtic migration, and their tribal name can be roughly translated as "those [placed] farther apart".

## Location

The Uraci settled the eastern meseta and the southern slopes of the Central Iberian System mountains between the upper Duero and upper Henares rivers, being neighbours of the Carpetani. Their capital was the town of Lutiaca (Luzaga? – Guadalajara; Celtiberian mint: Lutiacos/Louitiscos); they also controlled the strategic towns of Cortona (Medinacelli – Soria), Segontia (Sigüenza – Guadalajara) and Arcobriga (Monreal de Ariza – Zaragoza).

## Culture

It is assumed that the Uraci spoke a 'Q-Celtic' language and archeological evidence shows that their material culture little differed from the Celtiberians.

## History

Forced to become clients of the powerful Arevaci around the late 4th or early 3rd Centuries BC, the Uraci were certainly obliged to provide military assistance to their patrons' throughout most of the 2nd Century BC, but what role they played in the Second Punic War and subsequent conflicts with Rome remains unclear. In about 92 BC the Uraci began to overthrow Arevacian overlordship – quite plausibly at Roman instigation – being rewarded with the town of Numantia from the defeated Pellendones for helping the Romans in suppressing the early 1st Century BC anti-Roman uprisings in Celtiberia (the 4th Celtiberian War). However, they recovered their independence only for a short period at the end of the Sertorian Wars in 72 BC, after which they were included as Roman allies into pacified southern Celtiberia.
# Judit Pálfi

Judit Horváth Pálfi (born 1968) is a Hungarian retired wheelchair fencer who competed at international fencing competitions. She is a four-time Paralympic silver medalist.
In 1991, Pálfi was involved in a car accident, suffering a lower back injury which resulted in paralysis. She started out wheelchair fencing a year later and entered the 1996 Summer Paralympics as a wildcard.
# Azmi Turgut

Mehmet Azmi Turgut (born February 25, 1988) is a Turkish professional basketball player, who plays for Olin Edirne.
# Mohammadullah Hamkar

Mohammadullah Hamkar (born 25 September 2001) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Kabul Province in the 2018–19 Mirwais Nika Provincial 3-Day tournament on 15 February 2019. He made his List A debut for Band-e-Amir Region in the 2019 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament on 17 September 2019. He made his Twenty20 debut on 9 September 2020, for Mis Ainak Knights in the 2020 Shpageeza Cricket League.
# Gloria Deukmejian

Gloria May Deukmejian (née Saatjian; November 1, 1932) is a former First Lady of California from 1983 to 1991 and the widow of former California Governor George Deukmejian.
Saatjian, the daughter of Armenian immigrants, was introduced to Deukmejian by his sister. They married on February 16, 1957, and had two daughters and one son.
# Gleich's syndrome

Gleich's syndrome is a rare disease in which the body swells up episodically (angioedema), associated with raised antibodies of the IgM type and increased numbers of eosinophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cells, in the blood (eosinophilia). It was first described in 1984.
Its cause is unknown, but it is unrelated to capillary leak syndrome (which may cause similar swelling episodes) and eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (which features eosinophilia but alternative symptoms). Some studies have shown that edema attacks are associated with degranulation (release of enzymes and mediators from eosinophils), and others have demonstrated antibodies against endothelium (cells lining blood vessels) in the condition.
Gleich's syndrome is not a form of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in that there is little or no evidence that it leads to organ damage. Rather, recent studies report that a subset of T cells (a special form of lymphocyte blood cell) found in several Gleich syndrome patients have an abnormal immunophenotype, i.e. they express CD3-, CD4+ cluster of differentiation cell surface antigens. These same aberrant T cell immunophenotypes are found in lymphocyte-variant eosinophilia, a disease in which the aberrant T cells overproduce cytokines such as interleukin 5 which simulate the proliferation of eosinophil precursor cells and are thereby responsible for the eosinophilia. It is suggested that most forms of Gleich's syndrome are due to a similar aberrant T cell mechanism and are a subtype of lymphocyte-variant eosinophilia.
Gleich syndrome has a good prognosis. Attack severity may improve with steroid treatment.
# Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 3035

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 3035 (or P. Oxy. XLII 3035) is a warrant for the arrest of a Christian, issued by the authorities of the Roman Empire. This is one of the earliest uses of the word Christian attested on papyrus.
The order was issued by the head of the Oxyrhynchus ruling council, to the police in a country village, to arrest a man described as a Christian (note χρισιανόν, the papyrus has the early spelling, χρησιανόν). The charge which makes the Christian liable for arrest is not given.
The manuscript is dated precisely in its closing lines to the third year of the co-regency of Valerian and Gallienus his son, in the third day of the Egyptian month Phamenoth (known as Paremhat in the Coptic calendar). The equivalent date in the Gregorian calendar is 28 February 256 AD.

## Text

| 1 | π[αρὰ] τοῦ πρυτάνεως | From the governor |
| 2 | κωμάρχαις καὶ ἐπιστάταις εἰρήνης | to village rulers and officers of peace |
| 3 | κώμης Μερμέρθων. ἐξαυτῆς ἀνα- | of the village of Mermerthon. At once |
| 4 | πέμψατε Πετοσαρᾶπιν Ὥρου χρησι- | send up Petosarapin of Horus a Christian, |
| 5 | ανὸν, ἢ ὑμεῖς αὐτοὶ ἀνέλθατε. | or you yourselves come up. |
| 6 | [ἔτους] 3 Οὐαλεριανοῦ καὶ Γαλλιηνοῦ Σεβαστῶν | During the third year of Valerian and Gallienus the August [pl.] |
| 7 | Φαμενὼθ 3. | Phamenoth 3. |
# Henry Smith (VC)

Henry Smith VC (c. 1825 – 18 August 1862) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Details

Smith was about 32 years old, and a lance corporal in the 52nd (Oxfordshire) Regiment of Foot (later the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 14 September 1857 at Delhi, India for which he was awarded the VC:
   Lance-Corporal Smith most gallantly carried away a wounded comrade under a heavy fire of grape and musketry on the Chaundee Chouck, in the city of Delhi, on the morning of the assault on the 14th September, 1857.
   (General Order of Major-General Sir Archdale Wilson, Bart., K.C.B., dated Head Quarters, Delhi City, 21 September 1857.)

## Further information

He later achieved the rank of sergeant, and died of cholera while serving in India. He was buried in a mass grave.

## The medal

His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets (Rifles) Museum, Winchester, England.
# Gidazepam

Gidazepam, also known as hydazepam or hidazepam, is a drug which is an atypical benzodiazepine derivative, developed in the Soviet Union. It is a selectively anxiolytic benzodiazepine. It also has therapeutic value in the management of certain cardiovascular disorders.

## Pharmacology

Gidazepam and several of its analogs, in contrast to other benzodiazepines, are comparatively more selective agonists of TSPO (formerly the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) than the benzodiazepine receptor.
Gidazepam acts as a prodrug to its active metabolite 7-bromo-2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (desalkylgidazepam or bromo-nordazepam). Its anxiolytic effects can take several hours to manifest presumably due to its slow metabolism (half-life 87 hours). The onset and intensity of anxiolytic effects correlate with blood levels of desalkylgidazepam.
# Toryal Himat

Toryal Himat (born 29 October 1997) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Kunar Province in the 2018–19 Mirwais Nika Provincial 3-Day tournament on 2 March 2019.
# Muhammad Khan Toor Utmankhel

Muhammad Khan Toor Utmankhel is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan from August 2018 to August 2023 and was the Commerce and Trade Minister of Balochistan. He belongs to the Utmankhel tribe/community in Balochistan.
On 8 October 2018, he was inducted into the provincial Balochistan cabinet of Chief Minister Jam Kamal Khan.
# Patricia Durán Reveles

Patricia Elisa Durán Reveles (born 20 March 1972) is a Mexican politician now affiliated with the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
In the 2003 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the National Action Party (PAN) to represent the State of Mexico's 24th district during the 59th session of Congress.
After a stint as a local deputy with Movimiento Ciudadano (MC), she changed to Morena and ran for that party for mayor of Naucalpan de Juárez in 2018.
# Azim Khan (cricketer)

Azim Khan (born 15 September 1999) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his List A debut for Balkh Province in the 2019 Afghanistan Provincial Challenge Cup tournament on 1 August 2019.
# Col. Littleton

Colonel Littleton (born December 15, 1943) is an American fashion designer and business proprietor, best known for his Col. Littleton brand of leather goods, apparel and specialty products − most handmade in his Lynnville, TN workshop by local craftsmen. Col. Littleton, The Great American Leather Company, was established in 1987.

## Early life and career

Colonel Littleton was born Garry Allen Littleton in Camden, Tennessee to Avery (née Allen) and Lester Coleman Littleton, a millwright and carpenter. Following the loss of his mother, his father married Martha Beech and the family relocated to Oak Ridge, Tennessee and later to Nashville where Colonel spent his formative years.
Colonel graduated from Bellevue High School in Nashville, TN, attended David Lipscomb University and later served in the US Coast Guard. He married Norma Ann (Susie) Hobbs in 1975. He worked at Tom James Co., where he sold custom men's clothing and as National Sales Director at The Benson Company (later known as Benson Records), a music publishing company in Nashville, TN. Later, he worked for New York-based companies like Ghurka and Trafalgar, selling clothing and accessories to men's specialty stores.

## Business

He launched his label in 1987 from the third floor attic of his home, selling antique cufflinks to specialty stores such as Paul Stuart in New York City, that appreciated his eye for the interesting. He designed the packaging, creating the cross swords logo and Col. Littleton motif that would become his brand mark.
From antique cufflinks he moved into pocket knives, which he designed using mother of pearl and bone. He offered customers the option to engrave the handle and/or bolsters.
Over the years, the business has expanded into leather goods. Colonel's collection includes a diverse array of products including leather travel bags, briefcases, handbags, portfolios, journals, apparel, and beyond. Each item reflects his deep respect for tradition and dedication to craftsmanship.
# Gnathophis microps

Gnathophis microps, the smalleye conger, is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels). It was described by Emma Stanislavovna Karmovskaya and John Richard Paxton in 2000. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from western Australia, in the eastern Indian Ocean. It dwells at a depth range of 200–320 metres.
# KSBS-FM

KSBS-FM (92.1 FM) is Samoa's first commercial FM radio station broadcasting a variety format including local Polynesian, oldies, easy listening music. KSBS-FM broadcasts religious programming on Sunday mornings as well as hourly news from the BBC World Service, NPR, Voice of America, Radio Australia and Radio New Zealand International. Licensed by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission to Pago Pago, American Samoa, it serves the general American Samoa area. Also known as "Island 92", KSBS-FM is owned by Samoa Technologies.
The station was assigned the KSBS-FM call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on April 6, 1988.

## History of call letters

The call letters KSBS were earlier assigned to an FM station in Kansas City, Kansas, which began broadcasting October 5, 1947. It operated on 105.9 MHz and was licensed to Sunflower Broadcasting System Incorporated.
# Falah Mustafa Bakir

Falah Mustafa Bakir (Sorani Kurdish: فەلاح مستەفا بەکر; born 1964) is a Kurdish politician from Kurdistan Region, Iraq serving as Senior Foreign Policy Advisor to President Nechirvan Barzani with a ministerial rank.
He was appointed to this position in August 2019, after having served as (Minister) the first Head of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Department of Foreign Relations (DFR) from 2006 to 2019.

## Early life and education

Falah Mustafa Bakir was born in Erbil in 1964. He obtained his undergraduate degree at the University of Mosul, his graduate degree in Development Studies at the University of Bath, and a senior manager's executive program certificate at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government. He is fluent in Kurdish, Arabic, and English.

## Career

In 2006, he created the Kurdistan Department of Foreign Relations, and he has served as its Foreign Minister since then after taking the role in September 2006.
In September 2016, he remained Kurdistan Regional Government's minister of foreign relations. That month he asserted that "if we reach an agreement with Baghdad (on statehood), there may not be a need for a referendum."
In October 2016, he stated publicly that the Peshmerga were suffering casualties due to a lack of air support.
He is a frequent guest lecturer at Salahaddin University and University of Kurdistan - Hewler (UKH) in Erbil.

## Personal life

Falah Mustafa Bakir is deeply connected to his Kurdish heritage and enjoys spending time with his family in Erbil, where he lives with his wife and four children. His personal interests include traditional Kurdish music, fine arts, and various sports. He is fluent in Kurdish, Arabic, and English.
# Abdulmalik Dagaci Usman

Abdulmalik Dagaci Usman, also known as Usman Cheche, is a Nigerian politician who served as a member of the 7th National House of Representatives, representing the Bida/Gbako/Katcha Federal Constituency in Niger State from 2011 to 2015.
# Johannes Wiik

Johannes Wiik (1 April 1873 – 26 March 1972) was a Finnish farmer and politician, born in Kvevlax. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1916 to 1917, representing the Swedish People's Party of Finland.
# Lionel Morton

Lionel Morton (born Lionel Walmsley, 14 August 1942) is an English former musician and television presenter.
Morton was born in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. In the early 1960s, he was the lead vocalist/rhythm guitarist of the group, the Four Pennies. They are best known for their biggest hit single, "Juliet" which reached number one in the UK Singles Chart in May 1964. Morton and his group appeared seven times on the BBC Television music charts programme, Top of the Pops.
From April 1968 to December 1977, he was a regular presenter on the pre-school children's programme Play School. He also appeared during 1983/4. In the 1970s he went on to present on Play Away. He was formerly married to the actress, Julia Foster, for five years, with whom he had a daughter Emily.

## Discography
### UK singles

* 1967 "What To Do With Laurie" / "I'll Just Wait Around" (Philips BF 1578)
* 1967 "First Love Never Dies" / "Try Not To Cry" (Philips BF 1607)
* 1969 "Waterloo Road" / "Floral Street" (RCA Victor 1875)
* 1972 "What A Woman Does" / "Listen To The Music" (Cube BUG24)
* 1974 "Don't Let Life Get You Down" / "Play Away" (BBC BEEB011)

### UK albums

* 1972 Play School (BBC RBT 10)
* 1973 Lionel (Contour 2870324)
* 1973 Bang on a Drum (BBC RBT 17)
* 1973 Play Away (BBC RBT 19)
* 1975 Hey You! Songs from Play Away (BBC REC 209)
* 1975 Sing a Song of Play School (BBC REC 212)
# Mahanayim Stream

Mahanayim Stream (Hebrew: נחל מחניים, romanised Nahal Mahanayim, lit. 'Stream of the Two Camps') is a stream named after Kibbutz Mahanayim, located in the eastern Upper Galilee of Israel.

## Geography

The stream begins at an elevation of approximately 900 meters above sea level near the community settlement of Amuka, on the eastern slopes of Mount Yavnit. From there, it flows in a steep descent towards the southeast to Hatzor HaGlilit, crossing the settlement from west to east. At this point, the stream turns northeast, reaching the Korazim Plateau, passing north of Kibbutz Maḥanayim, Moshav Mishmar HaYarden, and Kibbutz Gadot, and empties into the Jordan River in an artificial channel diverted for drainage and agricultural purposes.
The stream forms the northern boundary of the Korazim Plateau. It is 13 kilometers long, and its drainage basin covers an area of 21 square kilometers.

## Hydrology

Several small springs emerge along the stream, enabling a continuous flow of water in parts of the stream, making these sections perennial. Near the ruins of Yardah, the "Ein Yardah" spring emerges, with a flow of up to 5 cubic meters per hour. These waters were previously utilized for agriculture and are now released into the stream.

### Springs

In the section of the stream between Amuka and Hatzor HaGlilit, the springs Ein Honi, named after Honi HaMe'agel, and Ein Marganit, a seasonal spring, flow. This section of the stream is well known for the blooming of the large Sternbergia. Near Hatzor HaGlilit, a tomb attributed to Honi HaMa'agel is located.

### Recreational activities

In the section of the stream northeast of Kibbutz Maḥanayim, the Upper Galilee Regional Council has established a bicycle trail that runs parallel to the stream.

## Archaeological significance

At the confluence of the Maḥanayim Stream with the Jordan River, north of the Bnot Ya'akov Bridge, is a prehistoric archaeological site associated with the Middle Paleolithic period (Mousterian culture). The site has been radiometrically dated to approximately 65,000 years ago. The site contains remains of aurochs bones and flint tools used for butchering animals after hunting. Discovered in 1999, the site was excavated by Gonen Sharon on behalf of the Hebrew University and Tel-Hai College.
# Katsuhiro Hamada

Katsuhiro Hamada (濱田 克大, Hamada Katsuhiro, born October 7, 1991) is a former Japanese footballer who last played for FC Ryukyu.

## Club statistics

Updated to 23 February 2018.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | Total | Total |
| 2014 | FC Ganju Iwate | JRL (Tohoku) | 5 | 1 | – | – | 5 | 1 |
| 2015 | FC Ganju Iwate | JRL (Tohoku) | 16 | 3 | – | – | 16 | 3 |
| 2016 | FC Ryukyu | J3 League | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| 2017 | FC Ryukyu | J3 League | 9 | 0 | – | – | 9 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 38 | 4 | – | – | 38 | 4 |
# WTME-LD

WTME-LD (channel 35) is a low-power television station in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language network Telemundo. It is owned by Gray Media alongside NBC affiliate WMC-TV (channel 5). The two stations share studios on Union Avenue in midtown Memphis; WTME-LD's transmitter is located on Raleigh-LaGrange Road on the city's northeast side.

## History

The station founded in November 1982 as W07BN, originally licensed to Bruce, Mississippi. It was the first low-power television station in Mississippi. The station aired locally produced programming including a daily newscast, government meetings, music shows, and high school sports. It was also carried on the MaxxSouth cable system throughout North Mississippi.
Owner Bruce Independent Television, Inc. sold the station in 2020 to 5GTV, LLC. The call letters were changed to WYMP-LD on July 23, 2020.
On October 25, 2021, it was announced that WYMP-LD would be sold to Gray Television for $500,000. The sale was completed on February 23, 2022, making it a sister station to WMC-TV. This is despite the fact that Calhoun County (which includes Bruce) lies in the Columbus–Tupelo market, which is not served by a Gray-owned station.
The station changed its call sign to WTME-LD on August 22, 2022, and switched to Telemundo programming on March 10, 2024.

## Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed:
Subchannels of WTME-LD :
| Channel | Res. | Aspect | Short name | Programming |
| 5.10 | 1080i | 16:9 | WMCNBC | NBC (WMC-TV) |
| 35.1 | 1080i | 16:9 | Telmndo | Telemundo |
| 35.2 | 480i | 16:9 | Outlaw | Outlaw |
| 35.3 | 480i | 16:9 | MeToons | MeTV Toons |
| 35.4 | 480i | 16:9 | ITV | France 24 |
| 35.5 | 480i | 16:9 | | Paranormal TV |
# Potomac Water Gap

The Potomac Water Gap is a double water gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, located at the intersection of the states of Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland, near Harpers Ferry. At 256 feet (78 m), it is the lowest crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains.

## Geography

As the Potomac River approaches the Blue Ridge on the eastern edge of the Shenandoah Valley, the river turns to the south paralleling the ridge to Bolivar, West Virginia, where it then cuts east, past Harpers Ferry to its confluence with the Shenandoah River at the western edge of the first gap between Blue Ridge Mountain to the south in Virginia and West Virginia and Elk Ridge Mountain to the north in Maryland. The River continues east for 4 miles (6.4 km), passing through the White Horse Rapids, before reaching the second gap between the Short Hill Mountain to the south in Virginia and South Mountain to the north in Maryland.
U.S. Route 340 and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad both pass through the Potomac Water Gap. Historically, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal passed through the gap as well.

## History

The history of the gap is inexorably tied to that of Harpers Ferry and the surrounding area. When Thomas Jefferson came to the town he remarked, while viewing the gap from Jefferson Rock on the ridge above the town, that "the view was worth a trip across the Atlantic." In 1859, Robert E. Lee, was hastily sent in and while reportedly wearing civilian clothes, led a detachment of Marines which passed through the gap en route to Harpers Ferry to put down John Brown's raid. During the American Civil War, the gap was used frequently by both Confederate and Union Armies to pass through the mountains and was the scene of fighting at the Battle of Harpers Ferry. Today, like the town, the gap, in addition to a thoroughfare, is a tourist destination. It is part of two national parks, Harpers Ferry National Historical Park and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, and the scenic Appalachian Trail passes through it as well.
# Copelatus caelatus

Copelatus caelatus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Guignot in 1952.
# Copelatus elutus

Copelatus elutus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Félix Guignot in 1958.
# Copelatus enganensis

Copelatus enganensis is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Félix Guignot in 1940.