OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Magda Abu Ras

Magda Abu Ras (Arabic: ماجدة أبو راس) is a Saudi Arabian microbiologist, who is specialises in the treatment of oil-contaminated soils. She is Deputy Director of the Saudi Environmental Society (SENS) and founder of the National Program for Environmental Awareness and Sustainable Development.

## Education

Born in Mecca, Abu Ras holds two Masters qualifications: the first in Microbiology from King Abdulaziz University; the second in Biotechnology and Environmental Microbiology from the University of Surrey. She went on to be awarded a PhD in Environmental Biotechnology from Surrey in 2010 in the treatment of oil-contaminated soils.

## Career

In 2006 she launched the “I Love the Earth” campaign in Jeddah, which involved raising awareness of street pollution and cleaning. In 2009 she was appointed Deputy Director of the Saudi Environmental Society (SENS), of which she was a founding member. She was also Director of the Arab Women’s Environmental Development Program.
In 2012 she launched a national educational environmental awareness programme under the slogan Green Homeland, Green Flag. She was also selected as a regional scientist for NASA. She is outspoken on issues relating to recycling and pollution in the country.
Launched in 2018, she is the founder of the National Program for Environmental Awareness and Sustainable Development, which is administered by SENS. This programme is part of Saudi Vision 2030. The same year she supervised an environmental campaign which focussed on discouraging plastic use during Hajj, entitle Hajj without Plastic.
As of 2022, Abu Ras is Assistant Professor of Biotechnology at King Abdulaziz University.

## Awards

* Arab Women Leaders Award for the Environment, awarded by the Arab-European Organization for the Environment in Switzerland (April 2012)
* Business Award, awarded by Sayidaty Magazine (2017)
* “Takreem” Award for Sustainable Environmental Development, awarded under the auspices of the Emir of the State of Kuwait (2018)
# Custer, Kansas

Custer is a ghost town in Smith County, Kansas, United States.

## History

Custer was issued a post office in 1876. The post office was discontinued in 1894.
# Russian Unity

Russian Unity (Ukrainian: Руська Єдність, romanized: Ruska Yednist; Russian: Русское Единство, romanized: Russkoye Yedinstvo) was a political party in Crimea, registered in October 2008. A Kyiv Court banned the party "from activity on the territory of Ukraine" on 30 April 2014. Party leader Sergey Aksyonov was instrumental in making possible the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. The party was based in Crimea, which has a Russian-speaking majority. The party was dissolved on 5 May 2014.
Although the party took positions on a number of issues, the party's main focus was Russian language rights and promoting Ukrainian relations with Russia before the 2014 Crimean Crisis, in which it became supportive of secession from Ukraine to join Russia; after this occurred, it merged into the Russian political party United Russia.

## History

The party was founded in Simferopol under the original name Vanguard (Ukrainian: Авангард) and registered by the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice in October 2008. In August 2010 they were renamed Russian Unity. It won 3 seats (of the 100 in total) during the 2010 Crimean parliamentary election in the Supreme Council of Crimea.
In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party competed in/for 4 constituencies (seats), all of them located in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea; but it won in none and thus missed parliamentary representation. The party's best result was in constituency 1 (located in Simferopol) with 9.12%. In constituency 2 (also located in Simferopol) it scored 4.12%, in constituency 6 (in Feodosiya) 4.11% and in constituency 10 (in Bakhchysarai) 2.28%.
In 2014 the party was involved in protests and the seizure of government buildings, including the Supreme Council of Crimea (the parliament of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea), during the 2014 Crimean crisis. Party leader Sergey Aksyonov was named Prime Minister of Crimea on 27 February 2014, and then called for a referendum on Crimea's autonomy. On 11 March Crimea adopted a declaration of independence and held on 17 March the 2014 Crimean status referendum that lead to the 21 March 2014 annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.
The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine filed a lawsuit at the District Administrative Court in Kyiv for the ban of activities of the party (and also for a ban on the party Russian Bloc) on 23 April 2014. On 30 April (2014) the Court banned the party "from activity on the territory of Ukraine". The Court stated that the signing of Aksenov of the treaty that formally sealed the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation was evidence of "encroachment on the territorial integrity of Ukraine".
In August 2014 the party signed a cooperation agreement with Latvian Russian Union, a Russian political party in Latvia, to "strengthen the unity of the Russian world."
The party was dissolved and merged into United Russia on 5 May 2014.

## Party leaders

* 2008–2010: Maksym Kovalenko
* 2010–2014: Sergey Aksyonov
# Viva Knievel (band)

Viva Knievel was a short-lived punk rock and pre-riot grrrl band in Olympia, Washington, that existed around 1989–1990. Viva Knievel was Kathleen Hanna's second band, and included Zeb Olsen on bass, her brother, Stu, on guitar, and Matt Zodrow on drums. Kathleen's first band had been called "Amy Carter". Zeb, Stu, and Matt started playing punk rock in the early 80's and were in multiple bands before VK. Four Viva Knievel songs recorded in 1990 were released as a 7-inch EP on Cindy Wolfe's record label Ultrasound Records.
In 1989 Hanna came upon a copy of Tobi Vail's zine Jigsaw, and Hanna interviewed people while on tour with Viva Knievel in summer 1990 for inclusion in Jigsaw.
In 1990, Hanna, Karren, and Vail formed Bikini Kill with their friend Kathi Wilcox.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Hanna, Kathleen. ""kathleen's herstory"". Archived from the original on August 30, 2012. Retrieved May 7, 2007.
* 1 2 Marcus, Sara (2010). Girls to the Front: The True Story of the Riot Grrrl Revolution. Harper. pp. 35–38. ISBN 9780061806360.
* ↑ Monem, Nadine, ed. (2007). Riot Grrrl: Revolution Girl Style Now!. Black Dog Publishing. p. 168. ISBN 978-1906155018.
* ↑ Frere-Jones, Sasha (November 18, 2012). "Hanna And Her Sisters". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
* This article on a United States punk rock band is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Cửa Bắc Church

Cửa Bắc Church ("Northern Gate Church", Vietnamese: Nhà thờ Cửa Bắc, French: Église Cửa Bắc) is a Roman Catholic church in Hanoi, Vietnam. Originally named as Church of Our Lady of the Martyrs (Vietnamese: Nhà thờ Nữ Vương Các Thánh Tử Đạo), the church was built in 1931 by the French administration of Indochina as a part of the Hanoi's urban plan supervised by Ernest Hébrard. Today, Cửa Bắc Church is one of the three major churches of Hanoi, together with Hàm Long Church and Saint Joseph Cathedral. In November 2006, Cửa Bắc Church became the venue of a joint worship service of Vietnamese Catholics and Protestants with the participation of United States president George W. Bush, who was on an official visit to Vietnam.

## History

In the early 1920s, the French architect Ernest Hébrard began his urban plan to redesign the city of Hanoi, as a part of this plan, a new Roman Catholic church named Church of Martyrs (French: Église des Martyrs) was built in front of the Northern Gate (Cửa Bắc) of the ancient Hanoi Citadel in 1932. Because of its location, the church was more commonly known as Cửa Bắc Church. Ernest Hébrard designed Cửa Bắc Church in eclectic style with strong influence of Art Deco decoration. He also integrated in the church some elements of traditional architecture in Vietnam such as the system of roof tiles and the harmony between the main architecture with its surrounding green space. For that reason, Cửa Bắc Church is considered a fine example for the mixed style between European and Vietnamese architectures.
Originally planned to be named Vietnamese Martyrs, the title of the church was changed to Queen of Martyrs because at that time, the Vietnamese Martyrs was not yet canonized. In 1959, the Apostolic Vicar Joseph-Marie Trịnh Như Khuê re-titled it as the Church of Our Lady of Hanoi. The feast day of the church's title is July 2, the old date for Visitation.
Today, Cửa Bắc Church is one of the three major churches in downtown Hanoi, together with Hàm Long Church and Saint Joseph Cathedral. In November 2006, Cửa Bắc Church was chosen the venue of a joint congregation of the Vietnamese Catholics and Protestants with participation of the United States President George W. Bush, who was on an official visit to Vietnam. After the service, the President remarked: "Laura and I just had a moment to converse with God in a church here in Hanoi. We were touched by the simplicity and the beauty of the moment. We appreciate very much the congregation for allowing us to come and worship with them."
# Christie Fuller

Christie Fuller (died 15 August 1933) was an Australian singer of the late Victorian period. She performed professionally in Melbourne and internationally. She was sister to artist Florence Fuller and singer Amy Fuller.
Louisa Christie Fuller was the second daughter of John Hobson Fuller and Louisa Fuller (née Vines). She was a contralto. In 1886 she travelled to England to study, before returning to Melbourne the following year, where she subsequently performed professionally. Newspaper notices indicate that she performed publicly with her sister Amy on some occasions, including in Sydney in 1898 and in Perth in 1910. Fuller toured and performed in London and South Africa, as well as across Australia.
In Melbourne on 14 August 1890 she married Charles Carey Lance, and after living in Euroa, Victoria and northern New South Wales, the family settled in Sydney. They had two sons, Arnold, born 1892, Francis, born 1893, and a daughter, Sylvia, born 1895, who - under her married name Sylvia Harper, or Mrs. R Harper - became a tennis player who competed internationally representing Australia.
Charles and Christie Lance were living in Strathfield, New South Wales when she died in August 1933.
# Saurashtra Premier League

The Saurashtra Premier League (SPL) is a men's Twenty20 (T20) cricket league in Saurashtra, India. The league has been formed in 2019 by the Saurashtra Cricket Association. It is usually played during summer season between May - August. First begun in 2019, it was planned to be held annually.

## Teams

Five franchises are competing in the league.
| Team | Region | Captain | Coach | Owner |
| Gohilwad Gladiators | Gohilwad | Prerak Mankad | Hitesh Goswami | Deepak Nakrani |
| Kutch Warriors | Kutch | Dharmendrasinh Jadeja | Virendra Vegda | Nilkanth Steel |
| Halar Heroes | Halar | Jay Gohil | Paras Trivedi | Ajay Jadeja |
| Sorath Lions | Sorath | Chirag Jani | Rakesh Dhruv | - |
| Zalawad Royals | Zalawad | Sheldon Jackson | Niraj Odedra | GSH Sports Global LLP |

## Venue

Gujarat :
* Rajkot
* Saurashtra Cricket Association Stadium
* Capacity: 28,000

## Results

| Season | Final | Final | Final | Final | Player of the series |
| Season | Venue | Winners | Result | Runners-up | Player of the series |
| 2019 | Saurashtra Cricket Association (SCA) Stadium, Rajkot | Sorath Lions 158/8(20) | Sorath Lions won by 5 runs Scorecard | Zalawad Royals 153/8(20) | Chetan Sakariya |
| 2022 | Saurashtra Cricket Association (SCA) Stadium, Rajkot | Halar Heroes 162/5(20 Overs) | Halar Heroes won By 40 runs Scorecard | Gohilwad Gladiators 122/10 (17.5 overs) | Prerak Mankad |
| 2023 | Saurashtra Cricket Association (SCA) Stadium, Rajkot | Kutch Warriors 156/7(20 Overs) | Kutch Warriors won by 21 runs Scorecard | Gohilwad Gladiators 135/10 | Parswaraj Rana |

## Team's performance

| Season Franchise | 2019 | 2022 | 2023 |
| Gohilwad Gladiators | 5th | RU | RU |
| Kutch Warriors | 3rd | 5th | C |
| Halar Heroes | 4th | C | 3rd |
| Sorath Lions | C | 4th | 5th |
| Zalawad Royals | RU | 3rd | 4th |
* Teams are listed alphabetically by year of entry into the league
* C: champions
* RU: runner-up
# Meelis Kubo

Meelis Kubo (born 23 November 1982 in Tallinn) is an Estonian magician.
In autumn 2007, Kubo, in cooperation with Muusikamaailm Ltd, performed the full-length magic show Miraakel in 13 towns around Estonia. In 2008 Kubo, Charlekas, Kevin-Chris, Simeoni Sundja, and Tom Pintson performed the onstage magic show Tabalukk (Padlock).
Kubo is one of the founders and board members of the Society of Estonian Magicians, which was founded in 2008.
In February 2009, Kubo and Ande released a book of magic for children, Lembitu maagiline maailm (The Magical World of Lembit). Later that year, during the winter/spring season, Kubo and Charlekas performed on the Estonian national television channel ETV morning program Terevisioon on a weekly basis. In November 2009, Kubo and Charlekas debuted a new show, Räpane Sessioon (Dirty Session), where they played surgeons Doctor Cubo and Professor Charlekas.
In 2010, Meelis Kubo won first prize in the Estonian close-up magic competition. In 2014, Kinoteater, Charlekas and Kubo produced a stage play, Make My Wife Disappear, which explored the curiosities of being a magician. In 2016, Apollo Kino, Charlekas, and Kubo produced another play, Camera Trick.
In 2017, composer Kristo Matson, writer Ilmar Tomusk, magician Meelis Kubo, conductor Edmar Tuul and the Tallinn Philharmonic Society brought to stage Trick Question.
In 2018, Ott Sepp and Meelis Kubo co-hosted the final of the TV-show Eesti Laul, local song contest that determines Estonian representative for the Eurovision Song Contest.
In 2019, Meelis Kubo performed as an actor in Kellerteater's Alchemist in Love and in 2020, in Sleuth (Anthony Shaffer) as Milo.

## Works

* Mustkunstinurk, a weekly magic column in the daily newspaper Õhtuleht, April–June, 2007
* Lembitu maagiline maailm, co-written with Ande, 2009
# Edinburgh Festival Fringe 1948

The 1948 Edinburgh Festival Fringe was the second edition of what would become the world's largest arts festival, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. It was in this year the word "Fringe" is commonly accepted as having first been associated with the event, after it was used by an Edinburgh Evening News critic. The term would come to define the event, and spawn the genre of fringe theatre. It was, however, still several years before it became common parlance in connection with the event or theatre in general, and also some time before any formal organisation of the event took place.

## Background

The previous year, eight theatre companies had performed, uninvited, in Edinburgh during the "official" Edinburgh International Festival in August, which had been set up to help the reconciliation and rebuilding process in Europe after the Second World War. They had not had the explicit intention of establishing an actual unofficial event of their own, merely they sought to take advantage of the presence of audiences to showcase their own works, or, in certain cases, such as that of Glasgow Unity Theatre, perhaps make a statement about the elitism of the official festival. They referred to themselves as the "Festival Adjuncts" or elsewhere as the "Semi Official Festival".
Shows had received good reviews and been well-attended, which was a factor in groups returning to do likewise in 1948.

## Participants

The participants remained broadly the same. Returning groups included local group the Christine Orr Players, Glasgow Unity Theatre, and the Pilgrim Players from England. However, there were also new companies taking part, including the Glyndebourne Children's Theatre.

## Programme

A similar set of venues was used for the 1948 event as had been used in 1947. The YMCA on South St Andrew Street again hosted the Christine Orr Players, while the Gateway Theatre also housed productions. A list (incomplete) of participating productions includes:
* Glyndebourne Children's Theatre - Androcles and the Lion by George Bernard Shaw - at the Gateway Theatre, Leith Walk
* Pilgrim Players - The Firstborn by Christopher Fry - at the Gateway Theatre, Leith Walk
* The Makars - It Depends What You Mean - at the Cygnet Theatre
* Christine Orr Players (Edinburgh) - The Lady and The Pedlar by Robin Stark - at the YMCA, South St Andrew Street
* Glasgow Unity Theatre - The Flooers o' Edinburgh by Robert MacLellan - in Princes Street Gardens

## Reception

The most historically significant press notice that the event attracted was that of playwright and journalist Robert Kemp in the Edinburgh Evening News on 14 August 1948:
   'Round the fringe of official Festival drama, there seems to be more private enterprise than before ... I am afraid some of us are not going to be at home during the evenings!'
This is considered to be the origin of the phrase "fringe" to describe the event, and, by extension, fringe theatre in general.
# A Touch of Today

A Touch of Today is a 1966 studio album by singer Nancy Wilson arranged by Sid Feller and Oliver Nelson and produced by Dave Cavanaugh.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The initial Billboard review from May 7, 1966 commented that "Miss Wilson's warmth, feeling and musical understanding highlight new dimensions of today's pop hits".
John Bush reviewed the album for Allmusic and wrote that though Wilson's voice was "as strong and pliable as ever...Wilson isn't always right for this material, as her attempt to sound exuberant on Stevie Wonder's "Uptight (Everything's Alright)" displays". Bush praised Wilson's performances on "The Shadow of Your Smile," "Call Me," "And I Love Her", "Yesterday," and "Goin' out of My Head". Bush concluded that A Touch of Today "...is a solid album adrift in a period of lesser efforts by great singers".

## Track listing

* "You've Got Your Troubles" (Roger Cook, Roger Greenaway) – 2:26
* "And I Love Him" (John Lennon, Paul McCartney) – 2:20
* "Uptight (Everything's Alright)" (Henry Cosby, Stevie Wonder, Sylvia Moy) – 1:57
* "Have a Heart" (Gene DiNovi, Johnny Mercer) – 2:27
* "Before the Rain" (Edward Yellin, Ralph Carmichael, Sue Raney) – 2:12
* "The Shadow of Your Smile (Love Theme From "The Sandpiper")" (Johnny Mandel, Paul Francis Webster) – 2:00
* "Call Me" (Tony Hatch) – 2:15
* "Yesterday" (Lennon, McCartney) – 2:05
* "Wasn't It Wonderful" (Eddie Pola, George Wyle) – 1:58
* "You're Gonna Hear From Me" (Andre Previn, Dory Previn) – 2:44
* "No One Else But You" (Arthur Altman, Dany Delmin, Jimmy Walter) – 2:10
* "Goin' Out of My Head" (Bobby Weinstein, Teddy Randazzo) – 2:05

## Personnel

* Nancy Wilson – vocals
* Sid Feller, Oliver Nelson – arranger
* George Jerman – cover photography
* Janice May – liner notes
* Dave Cavanaugh – producer
# Ahmed Amla

Ahmad Mahomed Amla (born 15 September 1979) is a South African former cricketer.
He played domestic cricket for the Dolphins. A right-handed batsman, he made his first-class debut as a teenager in 1997/98. His brother, Hashim Amla, played Test and ODI cricket for South Africa.
In April 2013, it was announced that Amla was retiring from all forms of cricket. He planned to focus on his studies towards a business degree and to pursue business interests.

## Playing career

Amla made his first-class debut in 1997 for Natal B. He was picked in the South Africa Academy that toured Namibia and was also selected for the South African under-19 team. He established himself as a regular in the Kwa-Zulu Natal provincial team and when franchise cricket took off, he played for the Dolphins - with his brother for a time, and captained the side from 2006 to 2009, becoming the second Amla to do so after Hashim captained the side in 2004.

## Coaching career

From at least 2011 to 2013, Amla took on coaching roles with the Mozambique national team, initially as a consultant and then as senior coach.
# Irapuru

Irapuru is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Its population is 8,325 (2020 est.) in an area of 214 km². The elevation is 436 m.

## Media

In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

## Religion

Christianity is present in the city as follows:

### Catholic Church

The Catholic church in the municipality is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Marília.

### Protestant Church

The most diverse evangelical beliefs are present in the city, mainly Pentecostal, including the Assemblies of God in Brazil (the largest evangelical church in the country), Christian Congregation in Brazil, among others. These denominations are growing more and more throughout Brazil.
# Zivi Tzafriri

Zivi Tzafriri (Hebrew: זיוי צפרירי) 8 July 1927 – 1 November 1956, was an Israeli Armor Corps officer who was killed during the Sinai War.

## Early years

Zivi Tzafriri was born in Ein Harod in British Mandate of Palestine to Ya'akov and Batia Tzafriri. The family moved to kibbutz Givat HaShlosha while Tzafriri was a child. He attended Ohel Shem high school in Ramat Gan, and late the Regional agricultural high school in Givat HaShlosha.

## Military years and death

In 1945 Tzafriri joined the Palmach, and joined the IDF upon its establishment. He fought in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War in the central and Jerusalem fronts, and was wounded during the battle over Ramat Rachel, and once again during the Battle of Latrun. During the war Tzafriri was transferred to the Armor Corps. After the war Tzafriri retired from the army and returned to Givat HaShlosha. In 1950 Tzafriri was re-enlisted to the army as an officer in the Armor Corps.
In 1956, during the Sinai War, Tzafriri took part in the battle over Rafah. He was wounded during the battle, but carried on fighting. His Armoured personnel carrier was shelled and Tzafriri, along with his 9-man crew, was instantly killed.

## Family

In 1953, he married his wife, Odeda, and settled in Einat.

## Remembrance

Beit Zivi in Einat, Zivi Hall (Ulam Zivi) in Ohel Shem school are named after Tzafriri. After his death, his father issued two yearly scholarships to Mikveh Israel school, to Ohel Shem students and erected a fund for Hebrew University of Jerusalem students.
In football, Tzafriri was memorialized through several cups given in his honor, including the first ever Israel Super Cup, played between Hapoel Tel Aviv and Hapoel Petah Tikva in 1957. The sports compound in Kiryat Shalom, home of Hapoel Kiryat Shalom, is also called after him.
# Christine Morrissey

Christine Morrissey is a Canadian LGBT activist who challenged immigration laws and has led organizations that support LGBT newcomers, refugees and asylum seekers. She is a recipient of the Officer of the Order of Canada award.

## Activism

In January 1992, Morrissey challenged Canada's immigration laws when her Irish-American partner's application for immigration was rejected, as their relationship was not considered to fall within the "family class" category, which was limited to heterosexual relationships. She brought a constitutional challenge to court, arguing that her partner's rejection was discriminatory, on the basis of sexual orientation. In October 1992, Morrissey's partner's application was granted as an independent, allowing her partner to stay in the country but enabling Canada to maintain its immigration policy. The significance of the case was that the Canadian government admitted they were unable to win the case and that undue discrimination was occurring because of immigration legislation. In 2001, Canada updated its immigration laws to include same sex partners as members of family.
Also in the 1990s, Morrissey and others founded Lesbian and Gay Immigration Taskforce (LEGIT) in Vancouver to help same-sex couples of different nationalities find legal loopholes to enable their cohabitation within Canada. Morrissey has since led Rainbow Refugee in Canada, an organization that assists LGBT individuals leave countries where persecution exists because of one's sexual orientation and resettle in Canada.