OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eastern Orthodox Metropolitanate of Singapore and South Asia

The Metropolis of Singapore and South Asia is a diocese of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is centered in Singapore and has jurisdiction over Eastern Orthodox Christians in the countries of Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, East Timor, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan and Afghanistan. It was founded in January 2008 by the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.

## History

Until 2008, the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople had one diocese in the regions of South and Southeastern Asia, created in November 1996 as Orthodox Metropolitanate of Hong Kong and Southeast Asia, with jurisdiction over: Hong Kong, Macao, China, Taiwan, Mongolia, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, and also Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Timor, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
On January 9, 2008, the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate decided to divide the huge area of the Metropolitanate of Hong Kong, by creating a new Eastern Orthodox Metropolitanate of Singapore and South Asia, with jurisdiction over Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Timor, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan and Afghanistan. After three years of administration, the first diocesan bishop was appointed. On November 3, 2011, the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate elected Archmandrite Konstantinos (Tsilis) as the first Metropolitan of Singapore and South Asia. He was ordained on November 21 by Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople.
The Metropolitanate is divided into vicariates and parishes. The central parish in Singapore is served by Archmandrite Daniel Toyne. Father Chrysostomos Manalu is the archepiscopal vicar for Indonesia and Father John Tanveer is the only priest in Pakistan.
In 2008, the exarchate of Indonesia [fr] was included into the Metropolitanate of Singapore.
# Kallan D'Souza

Kallan D'Souza is a 2022 Indian Malayalam-language action comedy film directed by Jithu K. Jayan and starring Soubin Shahir, Dileesh Pothan, Surabhi Lakshmi and Hareesh Kanaran. The music was scored by Kailas Menon. The film is a spin-off to 2015 Malayalam film Charlie where Soubin Shahir reprises his role as Kallan D'Souza.

## Cast

* Soubin Shahir as Kallan D'Souza
* Dileesh Pothan as CI Manoj
* Surabhi Lakshmi as Asha
* Rony David as Muhammad Iqbal
* Hareesh Kanaran as Charlie, D'Souza asst.
* Vijayaraghavan as DYSP Abraham
* Sreejith Ravi as CPO Sukumaran
* Santhosh Keezhattoor as CPO Jayakrishnan
* Privin Vinish as Gunda
* Prem Kumar as Babu
* Krishnakumar as George

## Reception

A critic from The Times of India wrote that "While the premise of blurring the lines between traditional roles of good and bad is interesting, the film is hardly well developed". A critic from The Indian Express wrote that "There are no humour elements, memorable moments or engaging factors in Kallan D'Souza other than the curiosity to know whether Asha and her child get a relief from the hands of Manoj". On the contrary, a critic from Manorama Online wrote that "Kallan D'Souza is definitely an engaging watch". A critic from OTT Play wrote that "Kallan D'Souza is a comedy that lacks any real humour and gets lost in what they really wanted to do, with the two subplots". A critic from Behindwoods wrote that "Kallan D'Souza is a silent entertainer, wherein viewers will get their dose of entertainment without being subjected to mass-y dialogues or over-the-top dialogues".
# Hermann Poppelbaum

Hermann Poppelbaum Dr. Phil. (1891–1979) was an anthropologist, psychologist, philosopher, anthroposophist, teacher and author.

## Life

Poppelbaum was well known in both Germany and England as an expert on the works of the Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925). Poppelbaum was a Visiting Lecturer in anthropology and psychology at Alfred University near Rochester, NY.
In 1963, shortly before the death of Guenther Wachsmuth, the Executive Council at the Goetheanum announced the formation of the "Section for Nutrition and Agriculture" to be led by Gerhard Schmidt. The remainder of the Natural Science Section was then headed by Poppelbaum.

## Works

* Mensch und Tier by Hermann Poppelbaum (Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag Goetheanum, 1975)
* Entwicklung, Vererbung und Abstammung, wie Rudolf Steiner sie sehen lehrte by Hermann Poppelbaum (Philosophisch-Anthorposophischer Verlag am Goetheanum, 1974)
* A new zoology. by Hermann Poppelbaum (Philosophic-Anthroposophic Press, 1961)
* Mensch und Tier by Hermann Poppelbaum (Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag am Goetheanum, 1956)
* Man and animal by Hermann Poppelbaum (Anthroposophical publishing co., Anthroposophic press, 1931)
* Man's eternal biography by Hermann Poppelbaum(Adonis Press, 1945)
* The battle for a new consciousness by Hermann Poppelbaum (Mercury Press, 1993) Paperback
* Tier- Wesenskunde. by Hermann Poppelbaum (Verlag am Goetheanum, January 1, 1982) Paperback
* Enigmas del Destino. Encarnacion Reencarnacion by Hermann Poppelbaum (Antroposofica, January 2005) Paperback
* Man as Compendium of the Animal Kingdom by Hermann Poppelbaum (from the Autumn 1944 edition of The Forerunner)
* Can Supersensible Facts Be Proven? by Hermann Popelbaum (published in Journal for Anthroposophy, Spring, 1970, #11.)
* Die Seelischen Und Geistigen Untergrunde Des Sports. (Philo-Anthroposophischer Verlag, C. 1929)
* Menschengemässe Naturerkenntnis-Gesammelte Aufsätze. Rudolf Geering. 1942
* Schicksalsrätsel-Verkörperung Und Wiederverkörperung. Phil. -Anthr. 1959
* Im Kampf Um Ein Neues BewußTsein. Novalis-Verlag. 1948
* Tier-Wesenskunde. Verlag Emil Weises Buchh. 1937
* Tier-Wesenskunde. Zweite, Erweiterte Auflage. Phil. -Anthr. Verlag. 1954
* Bio-Dynamic Farming and Gardening (Bio-Dynamic Agricultural. 1950)
* Truth and Error in Astrology. (New Knowledge Books, England)
* New Light on Heredity and Evolution by H. Poppelbaum. Paperback Date Published: 1977 ISBN 978-0-916786-15-1 ISBN 0916786153
# Emsdale Airport

Emsdale Airport (TC LID: CNA4) is located 1.3 nautical miles (2.4 km; 1.5 mi) northwest of Emsdale, Ontario, Canada. Like many airports along the Highway 11 corridor, it was constructed during the Great Depression and was part of the Trans-Canada Airway System.
During summer of 1941 the Elementary Flying Training school of the Royal Norwegian Air Force at Little Norway moved here from Toronto Island Airport. In May 1942 it relocated to the new location of Little Norway at Muskoka Airport.
# Elias Uzamukunda

Elias Uzamukunda (born 15 May 1991) is a Rwandan former professional footballer who played as a forward. In his home country of Rwanda, he is known as "Baby".

## Club career
### Early career

Uzamukunda was born in Kigali, Rwanda. He became known for his performance at the 2009 African Youth Championship, which led to interest from French professional club Nantes. Uzamukunda joined the club on a trial basis and played on the club's reserve team, however, he was not signed. Prior to that, he played for AS Kigali and A.P.R. in his home country. In January 2010, he trialled with French third-tier club Cannes and was subsequently signed the same month.

### Cannes

Uzamukunda made his debut for Cannes on 7 May 2010 in a league match against Troyes appearing as a substitute in a 0–0 defeat. The following season, he scored his first goal for the club on 9 November against Créteil after appearing as a substitute 15 minutes prior. As a result of his goal, Cannes won the match 1–0.

## International career

Uzamukunda previously played for Rwanda U20 national team, participating at the 2009 African Youth Championship. The competition was played on home soil as Rwanda failed to progress out of the group stage. Uzamukunda scored his only goal in the competition in the team's opening 2–1 win over Mali.
Uzamukunda made his full international in debut with the Rwanda senior national team in 2006 and scored his first senior goal in the 2–1 quarter-final win over Tanzania at the 2006 CECAFA Cup. In 2008, the young striker appeared on the bench in several qualification matches with the senior team for the 2010 FIFA World Cup under manager Branko Tucak, but failed to make any appearances. Uzamukunda failed to make any appearances with the team in 2010, despite being called up for several matches.

## Career statistics

    Scores and results list Rwanda's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Uzamukunda goal.
List of international goals scored by Elias Uzamukunda :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 13 December 2007 | National Stadium, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania | Djibouti | 5–0 | 9–0 | 2007 CECAFA Cup |
| 2 | 26 March 2011 | Stade Régional Nyamirambo, Kigali, Rwanda | Burundi | 2–1 | 3–1 | 2012 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |
| 3 | 11 November 2011 | Cicero Stadium, Asmara, Eritrea | Eritrea | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |
| 4 | 14 November 2012 | Amahoro Stadium, Kigali, Rwanda | Namibia | 2–0 | 2–2 | Friendly |
# Sarpir-maṇḍa

Sarpir-maṇḍa (Sanskrit: सर्पिर्मण्ड) was a type of dairy product, one of five stages of milk described in Hindu and Buddhist texts.

## In Buddhist texts

Buddhist texts including the Nirvana Sutra describe five stages of milk as an analogy to stages of purification of the spirit:
| | Sanskrit | Chinese translation | English translation |
| 1 | क्षीर kṣīrá | 乳 rǔ | milk |
| 2 | दधि dádhi | 酪 lào | curd or sour milk |
| 3 | नवनीत návanīta | 生酥 shēng sū | raw butter |
| 4 | सर्पिस् sarpís | 熟酥 shú sū | ghee, cooked cheese |
| 5 | सर्पिर्मण्ड sarpir-maṇḍa | 醍醐 tí hú | purified kumis, ghee, oil condensed on cheese |
   乳變為酪，酪為生酥，生酥為熟酥，熟酥為醍醐，醍醐為第一。
   Milk yields curd; curd yields butter; butter yields sarpis; sarpis yields sarpir-maṇḍa; sarpir-maṇḍa is the best.
Sarpir-maṇḍa has been theorised to be the early form of ghee.

## In East Asia

In Chinese Buddhist texts, sarpir-maṇḍa was translated to tíhú (醍醐). The entry for tíhú in Compendium of Materia Medica (1578) quotes various references, the earliest of which was written in the 5th century Liu Song dynasty.
The word 醍醐 is pronounced daigo in Japan. The word has been used in Daigo Temple, Emperor Daigo (who was named after the temple), and the word daigo-mi (醍醐味), which means a superb flavor.
According to The Japanese Dairy Association, Emperor Daigo encouraged the production of so, daigo, and other cheese-like products during his reign in the 10th century.
# Meant to Be Mint

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Meant to Be Mint is the debut studio album of R&B band Mint Condition. The album was released on June 11, 1991, on Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis' A&M imprint Perspective Records. Meant to Be Mint reached to no. 13 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

## Overview

Released during the height of the new jack swing era, Mint Condition's debut was more in tune with the sounds of the time. The album was also produced by the Time drummer Jellybean Johnson.
The album's first single, "Are You Free", reached number 55 on the Hot R&B Songs chart. Their second single, "Breakin' My Heart (Pretty Brown Eyes)", reached nos. 3 & 6 on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively. Another album cut, "Forever in Your Eyes", reached no. 7 on the Hot R&B Songs chart.

## Personnel

* Stokley Williams - lead vocals, drums, drum programming, keyboards, bass synth, rhythm & vocal arrangement
* Keri Lewis - keyboards, drum programming, percussion, rhythm & vocal arrangement
* O'Dell - rhythm guitar, lead guitar, keyboards, drum programming, percussion, vocal arrangement
* Lawrence Waddell - grand piano, keyboards, keyboard solos
* Jeffrey Allen - saxophone, keyboards, keyboard strings
* Ricky Kinchen - bass guitar, electric bass, percussion

### Additional personnel

* Terry Lewis - vocal arrangement
* Jellybean Johnson - additional lead guitar
* Lisa Keith - background vocals
* James "Popeye" Greer - background vocals, record engineering
* Dave Rideau - mixing
* Steve Hodge - mixing
* Keith Cohen - mixing
* Brian Gardner - mastering
* Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis - executive production
* Todd Gray - photography
* Rich Frankel - art direction, design
* Rowan Moore - art direction, design
# Rudy Schwenck

Rudolph Christian Schwenck (April 6, 1884 – November 27, 1941) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Chicago Cubs during the 1909 season. Listed at 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m), 174 lb., Schwenck batted and threw left-handed. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky.
Prior to the 1909 season, Schwenck, who had been pitching for the Memphis Turtles of the Southern Association, told manager Charlie Babb that he would not be returning to baseball that year and would instead be sticking with his job at a distillery outside of Cincinnati. His decision was reportedly based on dissatisfaction with his pay and his belief that younger pitchers were being paid more. An Alabama newspaper article speculated that Schwenck was simply "a sensitive chap at best, and maybe his feelings were hurt" and further argued that, by sticking to the whiskey business, he was passing up on "a golden opportunity to get to the big leagues."
By mid-May, it was reported that Schwenck had expressed an interest in returning to the club. On May 21, with Memphis in last place, Schwenck returned to the team's pitching staff. Despite joining the team midseason, Schwenck started the season with a streak of 57 scoreless innings. That streak was snapped on July 16 in a one-run outing against the Little Rock Travelers. His success earned him the attention of several big league clubs including the Cubs, who purchased his services from Memphis for $2,000.
In a one-season career, Schwenck posted a 1–1 record with a 13.50 earned run average in three appearances, including two starts, giving up six earned runs on 16 hits and three walks while striking out three in 14 innings of work.
Schwenck died in Anchorage, Kentucky, at the age of 57.
# Pytilia

Pytilia is a genus of small brightly coloured seed-eating birds in the family Estrildidae. They are distributed across Africa.

## Taxonomy

The genus Pytilia was introduced in 1837 by the English naturalist William Swainson for the red-winged pytilia. The name Pytilia is a diminutive of the genus Pitylus that had been introduced in 1829 by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier for the grosbeaks. A molecular phylogenetic study has shown that the genus is basal to a clade containing the twinspots in the genera Euschistospiza, Hypargos and Clytospiza and the firefinches in Lagonosticta.

### Species

The genus contains five species:
| Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
| Orange-winged pytilia | Pytilia afra | Angola, Botswana, Burundi, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe |
| Red-winged pytilia | Pytilia phoenicoptera | Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo and Uganda |
| Red-billed pytilia | Pytilia lineata | Ethiopia |
| Green-winged pytilia | Pytilia melba | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Yellow-winged pytilia | Pytilia hypogrammica | Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Togo |
# Kalu (woreda)

Kalu (Amharic: ቃሉ) also known as Harbu is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Kalu is bordered on the west by Dessie Zuria, on the north by Were Babu, on the south and east by the Oromia Zone, on the southeast by Argobba special woreda, and on the southwest by Abuko. The administrative center for this woreda is Harbu; other towns in Kalu include Ancharo, Gerba, and Degan. A highway linking Kombolcha and Afar bisects Kalu to two parts.

## Overview

The altitude of this woreda ranges from 800 metres above sea level in the lowlands bordering the Oromia Zone to 1,750 metres at the foot of the mountains north of Kombolcha; the climate of Kalu varies from dry sub-humid to semi-arid. Important rivers include the Cheleleka and Borkana. Forested area includes Yegof forest, 180 square kilometres of native trees and plantations of exotic species covering the steep slopes of Mount Yegof northeast of Kombolcha, which regenerated after the 1973-1974 famine.
In 2002, a number of kebeles were taken from Kalu and Dessie Zuria to create the new woreda of Abuko. Argobba special woreda was separated from Kalu. Pottery shards were recovered from tombs near Atatiya in Harbu, pointing to the presence of the Kingdom of Axum as far south as the area this woreda now covers.

## Demographics

Based on the 2007 national census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 186,181, an increase of 9.18% over the 1994 census, of whom 94,187 are men and 91,994 women; 19,810 or 10.64% are urban inhabitants. With an area of 851.54 square kilometers, Kalu has a population density of 218.64, which is greater than the Zone average of 147.58 persons per square kilometre. A total of 41,648 households were counted in this woreda, resulting in an average of 4.47 persons to a household, and 40,115 housing units. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim, with 98.73% reporting that as their religion, while 1.17% of the population said they practised Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 170,523 in 34,681 households, of whom 85,326 were men and 85,197 were women; 9,897 or 5.8% of its population were urban dwellers. The largest ethnic group reported in Kalu was the Amhara (99.24%). Amharic was spoken as a first language by 99.27%. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim, with 96.76% of the population having reported they practiced that belief, while 3.14% of the population said they professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
# Leng Xin

Leng Xin (7 November 1900 – 6 February 1987), courtesy name Rong'an, was a Chinese lieutenant general and politician of the Republic of China.

## Life

Xin was born in Xinghua, Jiangsu, on 11 November 1900. In 1944, he served as Director of the Military Affairs Department of the Chinese Army Headquarters and Lieutenant General Deputy Chief of Staff of the Chinese Army Headquarters in the Chinese Theater. After the war, he was awarded the Third Class Medal of Honor, the Medal of Loyalty and Diligence and the American Medal of Freedom. The first batch of graduates from Huangpu School.

## Surrender of Zhijiang

At the Zhijiang surrender ceremony on 21 August 1945, Allied representative Xiao Yisu was in the center, Leng Xin was on the left, and Brigadier General Bodno, Chief of Staff of the US Army China Theater Combat Command, was on the right. The Japanese representative was Takeo Imai, who represented the Japanese commander Yasuji Okamura. On 9 September, Leng Xin presented Japan's letter of surrender to the commander-in-chief of the Chinese theater, Chiang Kai-shek.

## Family

In the spring of 1947, in order to show that he would never forget his mother's upbringing, he returned to his hometown to bury his late mother. When he visited a teacher, he learned that Xinghua's education was backward, so he planned to establish Xinghua "Private Nianyi Middle School" to benefit his hometown.

## In Taiwan

In September 1959, he retired with the rank of Army Lieutenant General. After retiring, he became active in the field of historical research. After 1964, he was appointed as a professor at Soochow University and Chinese Culture University, teaching modern history. Many of Taiwan's contemporary historians have deep friendships with him. He studies modern history, because many historical facts are based on personal experience, and there are many first-hand historical materials and original opinions, which are extremely authoritative. Therefore, he was appointed as a part-time lecturer at the National Defense Research Institute, and was appointed as Huagang Professor (tenured professor) at the Cultural University. In addition to the hourly fee, he also received a monthly research fee of 10,000 yuan as a courtesy, which Leng Xin was proud of. Leng Xin has written articles such as "The Successful Strategy of Han Gaozu" and "The Successful Strategy of Ming Taizu". Among them, "The Successful Strategy of Ming Taizu" was read out at the International Chinese Studies Conference in August 1968. In these writings of his, the arguments are rigorous and some of his insights are very penetrating.
# Billings Bridge station

Billings Bridge is a station on the OC Transpo Transitway, adjacent to the Billings Bridge Plaza, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is named for, not only the plaza, but after Billings Bridge itself which is both a nearby bridge and neighbourhood (named for the early settler of the area, Braddish Billings). The transitway station itself is a major stop on the southern transitway-line due to its location near Bank Street, Ottawa's major north–south road and the mall itself. The station is located just south of the Plaza near the intersection between Bank Street and Riverside Drive.
There are two levels on the station. The upper level is on the transitway itself, while the lower level serves buses coming from the nearby Data Centre Road and Bank Street. There is a pedestrian bridge that leads from the lower level to the Plaza.
The station was officially opened with the southern transitway on September 3, 1995, replacing a temporary station which had existed on the site since the 1980s. Previously, the shopping centre had been served by buses which collected and discharged passengers at stops along the front of the plaza.

## Service

The following routes serve Billings Bridge:
Billings Bridge Station Service :
| Rapid routes | 97  98  99 |
| Frequent routes | 6  10  44  88  90  111 |
| Local routes | 5  46  48  92  93  96  96B  140  141  190  199 |
| Connexion routes | 290  291  294  299 |
| Shoppers routes | 304 |
| Event routes | 451  452 |
| School routes | 5  46  48  88  99  689 |
# Ivaylo Lazarov

Ivaylo Lazarov (Bulgarian: Ивайло Лазаров; born 11 April 1992) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Dobrudzha.

## Career
### Vitosha Bistritsa

Lazarov joined Vitosha Bistritsa in 2016 from Chernomorets Balchik. He completed his full professional debut for the team on 22 July 2017 in a league match against Cherno More Varna.

### Dunav Ruse

On 24 June 2019, Lazarov signed with Dunav Ruse.
# 3-(p-Fluorobenzoyloxy)tropane

3β-(p-Fluorobenzoyloxy)tropane, (8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl 4-fluorobenzoic acid ester, 4-fluorotropacocaine, 3-Pseudotropyl-4-fluorobenzoate, 3-pseudotropyl-4-fluorobenzoate, pFBT) is a tropane derivative drug which acts as a local anaesthetic, having around 30% the stimulant potency of cocaine but around the same potency as a local anaesthetic. It has been investigated as a potential radiolabelled agent for studying receptor binding, but was not adopted for this application. The main application for fluorotropacocaine, however, has been as a designer drug analogue of cocaine, first detected by the EMCDDA in 2008, and subsequently sold as an ingredient of various "bath salt" powder products, usually mixed in combination with other stimulant drugs such as caffeine, dimethocaine, desoxypipradrol or substituted cathinone derivatives.