OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Olaine

Olaine (pronunciation; German: Olai) is a city in Olaine Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Olaine gained town rights in 1967. The population in 2020 was 10,668.

## History

The name comes from the Saint Olaf Church [lv] (Swedish: Sankt Olai kyrka), built by the Olainīte [lv] stream, a Misa river tributary, under Swedish rule in the 17th century, at a place which is within the village now known as Jaunolaine [lv] ("New Olaine") some two kilometers away from the modern Olaine. An old cemetery remains at this site. After 1868, a railway stop "Olai" (now the Jaunolaine Station) was built here on the Riga-Mitau line. After Latvian independence, in 1919 "Olai" was renamed to "Olaine", in line with the Latvianisation of place names all over Latvia.
The history of modern Olaine is associated with the works at nearby peat bogs, taken into use on an industrial scale in 1939. Thereafter, more production facilities were built, increasing numbers of workers needed accommodation, and the first dwellings were built in what is currently known as Olaine in 1940. As of 2023 local peat processing is handled by the "Olaines kūdra" Ltd. ("Olaine Peat" Ltd.), a private company centrally managed together with 4 other Latvian peat companies by the German company “Kudras Substrates – Peat Moss”.
Olaine is home of Olpha, the second largest pharmaceutical company in Latvia.

## Twin towns — sister cities

Olaine is twinned with:
* Karlskoga, Sweden
* Nowa Sarzyna, Poland
* Ödeshög, Sweden
* Riihimäki, Finland
* Vadstena, Sweden

## Notable people

* Rustams Begovs - Latvian hockey player
* Žaneta Jaunzeme-Grende - Latvian politician
* Dmitrijs Miļkevičs - Latvian athlete
* Jānis Kuzmins - World champion in slalom skateboarding

## Literature

* Vilīte, Valda: Olaines pagasts (2008)
# John A. Cruz

John Aguon "Chaka" Cruz (born September 13, 1954) is a Guamanian politician, retired civil servant, and a member of the Republican Party of Guam. He has held the office of Mayor of Hagåtña, the territory's capital, from 2005 to 2025, when he succeeded longtime, outgoing Mayor Felix Ungacta. Cruz, who was first elected in 2004, has served four full terms as Mayor and was re-elected in November 2020 to a fifth consecutive term.

## Biography
### Early and personal life

Cruz was born on September 13, 1954, to parents, Teresa Aguon Cruz and Francisco Taijeron Cruz. He was raised in nearby Anigua, Guam, and graduated from John F. Kennedy High School in Tamuning in 1972. Cruz married Marie Duenas Mendiola, with whom he has three children, Mia Janelle, Jonathan and Jude. His father-in-law, the late Thomas Flores Mendiola, served as the Commissioner of Agana (the predecessor office of the present-day Mayor of Hagåtña) from 1973 until 1981.

### Career

Cruz worked for the Government of Guam for approximately 25 years until his retirement in 1996.
John A. Cruz was first elected Mayor of Hagåtña in November 2004 and took office in 2005, succeeding outgoing Mayor Felix Ungacta. He won re-election in 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020.
During his tenure as mayor, Cruz has overseen the completion of a series of flood mitigation projects by FEMA, repairs to the Hagåtña Bridge, and the opening of the Guam Museum. He also relocated the mayor's office to the former Guam Mass Transit Authority (GMTA) building.
Cruz, a member of the Republican Party, was unopposed in seeking a fifth term in 2020, earning all but 14 of the 221 votes cast. In 2016, when seeking a fourth term, Cruz won the Hagåtña Republican mayoral primary on August 27, 2016, with 141 votes, defeating his only opponent, Jovyna San Agustin, who received 84 votes. As in 2020, he was unopposed in the 2016 mayoral general election.
# Dagda, Latvia

Dagda (pronunciation) is a town in Dagda Parish, Krāslava Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia, near the country's border with Belarus. It is the administrative center of Dagda Parish.

## Climate

Dagda has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). In March 1972, the deepest ground frost in Latvia was registered in Dagda - 150 cm (59 in).
Climate data for Dagda, Latvia (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1956-present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 11.4 (52.5) | 17.8 (64.0) | 26.0 (78.8) | 29.7 (85.5) | 31.3 (88.3) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.7 (94.5) | 29.4 (84.9) | 23.0 (73.4) | 15.0 (59.0) | 10.0 (50.0) | 34.7 (94.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) | −1.6 (29.1) | 3.4 (38.1) | 11.6 (52.9) | 17.7 (63.9) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.3 (73.9) | 22.1 (71.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 9.5 (49.1) | 3.0 (37.4) | −0.8 (30.6) | 10.3 (50.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) | −4.7 (23.5) | −0.5 (31.1) | 6.4 (43.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 15.5 (59.9) | 17.8 (64.0) | 16.6 (61.9) | 11.7 (53.1) | 5.9 (42.6) | 0.7 (33.3) | −2.9 (26.8) | 6.1 (43.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.5 (18.5) | −8.1 (17.4) | −4.5 (23.9) | 1.3 (34.3) | 6.3 (43.3) | 10.1 (50.2) | 12.7 (54.9) | 11.5 (52.7) | 7.2 (45.0) | 2.6 (36.7) | −1.7 (28.9) | −5.3 (22.5) | 2.1 (35.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.1 (−33.0) | −37.6 (−35.7) | −32.0 (−25.6) | −16.2 (2.8) | −3.2 (26.2) | 0.0 (32.0) | 4.3 (39.7) | 1.0 (33.8) | −3.8 (25.2) | −11.0 (12.2) | −23.3 (−9.9) | −35.8 (−32.4) | −37.6 (−35.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48.5 (1.91) | 42.7 (1.68) | 37.9 (1.49) | 37.1 (1.46) | 61.0 (2.40) | 78.3 (3.08) | 73.2 (2.88) | 70.7 (2.78) | 55.8 (2.20) | 62.9 (2.48) | 54.9 (2.16) | 47.6 (1.87) | 670.6 (26.39) |
| Source: LVĢMC ||||||||||||||

## History

Dagda as an ancestral estate was founded in the 17th century by Johann Franz von Gilsen, Chancellor of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. He established the first Catholic community here and built a wooden church. This marked the beginning of the written history of the settlement.
The last local representative of the Gilsen family, Jerzy, died in 1788. His widow sold the estate to the Bujnicki family. The most notable of them, writer and publicist Kazimierz Bujnicki, made a significant contribution to the region's culture and was one of the initiators of the abolition of serfdom in Latgale.
In the early 19th century, the Dagda estate became home to a unique library, an archive, and a collection of artworks and archaeological finds accumulated by the Gilsen and Bujnicki families. All of this was destroyed during the Polish January Uprising of 1863–1864 when the estate was burned down. Only the park with its dug canals survived.
According to the 1897 census, the town of Dagda had a population of 1,516 people, including 1,026 of Jewish faith and 377 Roman Catholics.
# Tikri Khurd

Tikri Khurd is a village in North West region in Delhi under Narela Legislative Constituency. Khurd and Kalan are Persian words meaning small and big respectively. They are used to distinguish Kalan (Big) villages from Khurd (Small) villages when the two are paired with the same name.. The nearest railway station to the village is Narela. This village is on the Grand Trunk Road NH1. Tikri Khurd is dominated by Khatri clan of Jats and Tikri Kalan is dominated by Drall Jats.
# Sébastian Ntahuga

Sébastian Ntahuga is a Burundian politician and diplomat. He was the former Minister of Justice of Burundi from 1992 to 1993. He was succeeded by Fulgence Dwima-Bakana, who was also succeeded by Melchior Ntahobama (1994–1995).
Ntahuga worked as a supervisor for Arusha Peace Accord in the early 2000s. He holds a master's degree in International Organizations Law obtained from Pantheon Sorbonne in Paris, France. In Burundi, he served as a Magistrate at courts and tribunals, as well as the Diplomatic Adviser to the President of the Republic of Burundi. He also worked as the Ambassador of Burundi in Germany standing for the Holy See and Scandinavian countries. He has worked for the African Union and Regional Economic Communities (REC) in ensuring peace and security in African countries. Besides being a judge and a minister, he was also a trainer of African Union field diplomats, as well as an electoral observer.In South Sudan, he was part of South Sudan's Official Negotiators.
# Odette Kayitesi

Odette Kayitesi is a Burundian politician and educator. She was the former Minister of Agriculture and Livestock in Burundi, having been appointed to the position in 2010 by the former president of Burundi, Pierre Nkurunziza. Her term began on August 30, 2010.
# Preiļi

Preiļi (pronunciation; Polish: Prele; German: Prely; Russian: Прейли, previously also Прели) is a town in Preiļi Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia. It is also the administrative center of Preiļi Municipality.

## History

Preiļi is one of the oldest settlements in Latvia. It was first mentioned in written sources in 1250. The Borch family manor was erected in 1836.
By 1897 Preiļi had a population of 2104. Preiļi has had city rights since 1928. By 1935 there were 1662 people living in Preiļi of whom 50.97% were Jews. After World War II there were less than 1000 people living in Preiļi. During the Soviet era many workers from Russia and Belarus started working in Preiļi and the population reached a peak of 9421 in 1989.

## Demographics

Demographics of Preiļi
Latvians
54.4%
Russians
39.6%
Poles
1.9%
Belarusians
1.5%
Roma
1.2% :

## Notable people

* Jānis Ivanovs (1906-1983), classical music composer
* Antonija Vilcāne (born 1956), medieval archaeologist

## Twin towns — sister cities

Preiļi is twinned with:
* Hlybokaye, Belarus
* Nizhyn, Ukraine
* Ocnița, Moldova
* Sahil, Azerbaijan
* Utena, Lithuania
# Samuel Ndayiragije

Samuel Ndayiragije is a Burundian politician. He was the former Minister of Water, Energy and Minerals in Burundi, having been appointed to the position in 2007 by the former president of Burundi, Pierre Nkurunziza. His term began on 14 November 2007.
# Airborne Electronic Attack

Airborne Electronic Attack (AEA) is a European Union Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) initiative meant to equip future European military aircraft with new electronic-warfare capabilities. The project is led by Spain with the goal of enabling a platform for Airborne Electronic Attack missions that could adapt to the latest electronic warfare requirements, which include suppression of enemy air defences, escort/modified-escort role, non-traditional electronic attack, self-protected/time-critical strike support, and continuous capability enhancement. The system will also protect the GNSS from interference by foreign powers in various ways.
It will follow a modular development approach, with the option of being inside the aircraft or in a pod configuration, in order to be compatible with different aircraft, such as the Eurofighter Typhoon or the Future Combat Air System. It will allow European air forces to safely carry out operations within EU territory and the projection of the force in other potential areas of operations.

## Features

Main features:
* Very high ERP, for main, side and scattered lobes jamming
* Solid-state active phased array AESA jamming
* Multiple DRFM architecture for simultaneous beam aimed multi-threat jamming
* Smart digital jamming techniques
* Up to 360° wide angular coverage
* Extended low and high brand threat coverage capabilities
Increased ES/EA mission capability through advanced jamming functions:
* Pod or internally mounted, for fighter aircraft, UAV, J-UCAV or mission aircraft with network centric warfare (NCW) capabilities
* Very high power main / side / scattered lobe jamming
* Unsigned raid DDA, up to RF horizon action possible
* Smart techniques / coherent waveforms / covert jamming
* Smart power management using active phased array transmitter

## Members

* Spain - Project Coordinator
* France
* Sweden

## Companies

Indra
# Ihor Palahnyuk

Ihor Mykolayovych Palahnyuk (Ukrainian: Ігор Миколайович Палагнюк; born 29 July 1966), is a Ukrainian army officer who is currently the chief of staff - Deputy Commander of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. He had served as the commander of the Operational Command South from 2019 to 2021.

## Biography

From 2014 to 2015, he was promoted to head of the command center — deputy chief of staff of the Operational Command East.
In 2015, Pahalyuk became the deputy commaneder of the Operational Command East.
From 2016 to 2017, he was the deputy commander of the troops of the operational command.
In 2017, Palahnyuk graduated from the National Defense University of Ukraine named after Ivan Chernyakhovsky and obtained qualifications: master's degree, professional in the field of defense, operational-strategic level officer. On that same year, he was appointed the chief of staff — first deputy commander Operation Command East. In 2018, he was appointed to the post of Chief of the Main Command Center of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
On 2 July 2019, by order of the Minister of Defense of Ukraine, Palahnyuk was appointed commander of the forces of the operational command "South".
Since 2021, Palahnyuk is currently the Chief of Staff — Deputy Commander of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
# Hawkinsville Commercial and Industrial Historic District

The Hawkinsville Commercial and Industrial Historic District is a historic district in Georgia, United States that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
The district includes the Pulaski County Courthouse (1874) and the Hawkinsville Opera House (1907), which are both listed separately on the National Register. The layout of the commercial center of the town is on the Augusta plan, in which the courthouse is located on a main street rather than upon a central square.$^{:4}$
It includes 92 contributing buildings, four other contributing structures, one contributing site and one contributing object. It also includes 38 non-contributing buildings and two non-contributing objects.

## Photos

* Pulaski County Courthouse
* Hawkinsville Opera House
* Hawkinsville Hotel
* US Post Office
* House at 142 Commerce Street
* Confederate memorial
# Nangal Thathal

Nangal Thathal is a village in the Hoshiarpur district of Punjab, India. It is 31 km from Hoshiarpur city. Many of the boys are enlisted in the army or are engaged in agriculture.
# Herbert Hoos

Herbert Hoos (born 18 July 1965) is a retired German football player. He spent seven seasons in the Bundesliga with 1. FC Kaiserslautern.

## Honours

* DFB-Pokal winner: 1989–90
# Battle of Panamarathukotta

The Battle of Panamarathukotta (or Pancoorta Cottah) was fought between the British East India Company and the Nairs in Wayanad, in the south Indian state of Kottayam.
# Ancistrachne maidenii

Ancistrachne maidenii is a grass (in the family Poaceae) endemic to New South Wales.
It is a scrambling perennial grass with slender, rigid horizontal stems and branches which ascend.
The leaves have sheathes which are sparsely hairy and the ligule is fringed. The racemes are terminal or axillary, and about 4 centimetres (1.6 in) long, with the lateral racemes being shorter and partially enclosed by the sheath. When mature the spikelets (2.5–3 mm long ) fall entirely. The upper glume has five nerves. The lower lemma (similar to the upper glume), has seven nerves and is sterile. The fertile florets are elliptic to lanceolate, with nerves which are obscure. It flowers in summer, and grows on sandstone soils, north of Sydney.
The species was first described as Eriochloa maidenii by the botanist Arthur Hamilton in 1913, and in 1961 Joyce Vickery revised it to Ancistrachne maidenii. The specific epithet honours Joseph Maiden,
In New South Wales, this species is listed as "threatened".
# Dimepheptanol

Dimepheptanol (INN; Amidol, Pangerin), also known as methadol or racemethadol, is a synthetic opioid analgesic related to methadone. It has similar effects to other opioids, including analgesia, sedation and euphoria, as well as side effects like itching, nausea and respiratory depression.
Dimepheptanol is a mixture of two isomers, alphamethadol (α-methadol) and betamethadol (β-methadol). These are also available separately, and this drug has three separate entries in many national and international lists of illegal drugs, which refer to the racemic mixture dimepheptanol, and the two optical isomers. Each of these isomers is itself a mixture of two isomers, and so there are in fact four isomers of dimepheptanol in total; L-α-methadol, D-α-methadol, L-β-methadol and D-β-methadol.
The isomer L-α-methadol is the active metabolite of the long-acting opioid substitute drug levomethadyl acetate (LAAM), and has been used much more widely than β-methadol or the racemic mixture of dimepheptanol.
Both in US Controlled Substances Act 1970 Schedule I, the two isomers both have annual manufacturing quotas of 2 grammes and the ACSCNs of 9605 for alphamethadol and 9609 for betamethadol.
# Dennis Marshall (footballer, born 1985)

Dennis Amos Marshall Maxwell (9 August 1985 – 23 June 2011) was a Costa Rica international footballer who played as a left back.

## Club career

Marshall started his career at local side Limonense, before moving to Puntarenas in 2007. He joined Herediano on loan for the 2009 Verano season.
In September 2009 he moved abroad to play for Danish Superliga club AaB.

## International career

Marshall made his debut for Costa Rica in a June 2009 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Trinidad and Tobago. Overall, he earned a total of nineteen caps, scoring one goal. He represented his country in four FIFA World Cup qualification matches and played at the 2009 and 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cups.
On 18 June 2011, five days before his death, Marshall played his last match for Costa Rica, a 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup quarter-final match against Honduras. The match saw Marshall scoring his sole goal for Costa Rica, which he dedicated to his fiancée, who died with him in the accident.

### International goals

    Scores and results list. Costa Rica's goal tally first.
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 18 June 2011 | New Meadowlands Stadium, East Rutherford, United States | Honduras | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup |

## Personal life

Marshall was a son of Dennis Marshall Herron, a former Costa Rica national team player.

## Death

On 23 June 2011, Marshall and his girlfriend Meilyn Arianna Masís Castro were traveling on the Braulio Carrillo highway in Costa Rica when they were involved in a fatal car accident 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of San José while on their way to Marshall's parents in Limón. Marshall had scored the only goal for Costa Rica five days earlier in a match against Honduras in the quarterfinals of the 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
His death was marked in several ways in his home country. The president of Costa Rica, Laura Chinchilla, went on national television and expressed her sympathy and a memorial ceremony was held in Estadio Eladio Rosabal Cordero, the stadium of Marshall's former club, CS Herediano.
# Fernando Montero

Fernando Montero Mata (born 1 November 1948) is a retired Costa Rican football striker.

## Club career

Nicknamed Macho, Montero most prominently played for Herediano with whom he won three league titles and became the league's top goalscorer in 1974 with 19 goals.
He also played for hometown club Limonense and had spells abroad in El Salvador, Guatemala, South Africa and the United States.

## International career

Montero represented Costa Rica in the 1976 and 1980 Olympic Games qualifiers and earned a total of 10 caps, scoring 2 goals.

## Personal life

Born in Limón to Emilio Montero and Consuelo Mata,"Macho" is married to Francini Soto Arguedas and they have 4 children.
# Jeaustin Campos

Jeaustin Campos Madriz (born June 30, 1971) is a Costa Rican football manager and retired player.

## Club career

Campos was one of the most famous Costa Rica n football midfielders during the 1990s and played most of his career with Deportivo Saprissa, where he won four national championships and two CONCACAF Champions Cup, in 1993 and 1995. He scored a total of 40 goals for Saprissa. He also played for Municipal Pérez Zeledón and FC Seoul of the South Korean K League 1, then known as LG Cheetahs, whom he joined when his father Luis Gerardo Campos was the Costa Rican consul in South Korea.

## International career

Campos made his debut for Costa Rica in a September 1997 FIFA World Cup qualification match against the USA and collected a total of 20 caps, scoring no goals. He has represented his country in five FIFA World Cup qualification matches and played at the 1999 UNCAF Nations Cup as well as at the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
His final international was a January 2001 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Guatemala.

## Managerial career

After retiring from professional football, Campos was appointed as Football Operations Manager in Saprissa, during the years that Hernán Medford was head coach, and played a very important role in the achievements accomplished by Saprissa during that period, such as two national tournaments, the Uncaf Cup and the CONCACAF Champions Cup, giving them the right to compete in the second FIFA Club World Championship Toyota Cup in Japan, in December 2005, in which Saprissa finished third. When Medford and his coaching staff were announced by the Federación Costarricense de Fútbol as the new coaches for the Costa Rica national team, Campos was named by Saprissa as their new head coach and has since then, against all expectations, led his team to win both legs of the 2007–08 Championship earning it the Champion title without the need of a final.
Later he led the squad to three more consecutive national championships (make it fourth in a row) in the years 2007–08. He was fired in November 2009. In February 2010, he signed with 2009 Puerto Rico Soccer League Champions Bayamón to help the club qualify for the CONCACAF Champions League. Later he became manager of Pérez Zeledón and in August 2011, he was appointed head Coach for the Puerto Rico national football team. He is also activating and assuming charge of the U-15, U-17 and U-20 selections despite still being contracted to Pérez Zeledón who went to FIFA to claim a financial compensation.
In January 2014 Campos was named sporting director at Saprissa and in September 2014 replaced manager Rónald González to take charge of the team.
On March 28, 2023, Campos was fired from the position of coach of Deportivo Saprissa due to alleged racist comments towards one of the team's players, Javon East.
# Velžys Eldership

The Velžys Eldership (Lithuanian: Velžio seniūnija) is an eldership of Lithuania, located in the Panevėžys District Municipality. In 2021 its population was 6761.
# Alexander Robinson (Costa Rican footballer)

Alexander Robinson Delgado (born 21 November 1988) is a Costa Rican professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga Nacional club Antigua.

## Club career

Born in Tibás canton, San José Province, Robinson played youth football with Deportivo Saprissa, and made his debut with the senior team in 2008. The central defender suffered serious injuries in an automobile accident in 2010, but returned to captain the side. Robinson was originally left out of Saprissa's first team under new manager Daniel Casas, but would return in late 2012, scoring twice in a match against arch-rivals Alajuelense.
On 20 December 2013, he moved abroad for the first time of his career, signing with Brazilian third division side Esporte Clube Juventude. He returned to Saprissa in summer 2014.

## Honours

Saprissa
* Liga FPD: Clausura 2008, Apertura 2010, Clausura 2014, Clausura 2018, Clausura 2020
Antigua
* Liga Nacional de Guatemala: Apertura 2016
Comunicaciones
* CONCACAF League: 2021