OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ti, koyto si na nebeto

Thou, Who Art in Heaven (Bulgarian: Ти, който си на небето, Ti, koyto si na nebeto) is a 1990 Bulgarian film directed by Viktor Paskov and Docho Bodzhakov. The film's lead actor Jozef Kroner was nominated for European Film Award for Best Actor.

## Cast

* Jozef Kroner as Geprg Henih
* Boyan Kovachev as Viktor
* Lyuben Chatalov as Viktor's father

## Synopsis

А dying man reveals to his young friend, a child of 8, the fairy world of music.

## Awards

* European Film Award for Best Actor - Jozef Kroner (nominated)
# Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi

Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi, also known as S.N.M. Tripathi and Pandit Tripathi (1900–1988), was an Indian civil servant and later a politician from Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. He was the first ICS of Uttar Pradesh and the founder president of Gorakhpur University. He served as a Member of the Legislative Council from Uttar Pradesh twice, first from 1967 to 1968 and in the second term from 1974 to 1977. He served as the Vice Chancellor of Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya and played an important role in establishment of Gorakhpur University.

## Early life

He was born in 1900 in the village of Barpar, Gorakhpur district into a Saryuparin Brahmin family. He began at the Lower Primary School in Barpar, followed by schools in Sirjam and Majhauli Raj. He completed high school at Government Jubilee School in 1918 and went on to St. Andrew's College for his intermediate studies. In 1921, he enrolled at Muir Central College in Allahabad for his Bachelor of Arts degree, which he completed in 1923. He obtained his Master of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees from University of Allahabad.

## Career

In 1925, he returned to Gorakhpur and practised law in the civil court. He was selected for the PCS (Provincial Civil Service) in the same year and was posted to the Basti district for his first assignment. After India's independence in 1947, he was granted the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) cadre. He served as District magistrate of Gorakhpur, Allahabad, and Lucknow.
In 1956, Surti Narayan was appointed as a member of the Public Service Commission, serving until 1961. He then served as Senior Deputy Managing Director and Vice Chairman of the British India Corporation in Kanpur. In 1962, he was appointed Vice Chancellor of Sampurnanand Sanskrit University in Varanasi.

### Politics

In June 1966, SNM Tripathi retired from the Indian Civil Service and returned to Gorakhpur. He then entered into politics, contesting and winning the Gorakhpur-Faizabad graduate constituency in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council (MLC) for the first time (1967–1968). Re-elected in 1974, he served another term as an MLC but chose not to contest further elections. Tripathi died in 1988.
# Kramers–Heisenberg formula

The Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula is an expression for the cross section for scattering of a photon by an atomic electron. It was derived before the advent of quantum mechanics by Hendrik Kramers and Werner Heisenberg in 1925, based on the correspondence principle applied to the classical dispersion formula for light. The quantum mechanical derivation was given by Paul Dirac in 1927.
The Kramers–Heisenberg formula was an important achievement when it was published, explaining the notion of "negative absorption" (stimulated emission), the Thomas–Reiche–Kuhn sum rule, and inelastic scattering — where the energy of the scattered photon may be larger or smaller than that of the incident photon — thereby anticipating the discovery of the Raman effect.

## Equation

The Kramers–Heisenberg (KH) formula for second order processes is ${\frac {d^{2}\sigma }{d\Omega _{k^{\prime }}d(\hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime })}}={\frac {\omega _{k}^{\prime }}{\omega _{k}}}\sum _{|f\rangle }\left|\sum _{|n\rangle }{\frac {\langle f|T_{2}|n\rangle \langle n|T_{1}|i\rangle }{E_{i}-E_{n}+\hbar \omega _{k}+i{\frac {\Gamma _{n}}{2}}}}\right|^{2}\delta (E_{i}-E_{f}+\hbar \omega _{k}-\hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime })$
It represents the probability of the emission of photons of energy $\hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime }$ in the solid angle $d\Omega _{k^{\prime }}$ (centered in the $k^{\prime }$ direction), after the excitation of the system with photons of energy $\hbar \omega _{k}$. $|i\rangle ,|n\rangle ,|f\rangle$ are the initial, intermediate and final states of the system with energy $E_{i},E_{n},E_{f}$ respectively. $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$ are the relevant transition operator. $\Gamma _{n}$ is the intrinsic linewidth of the intermediate state. The delta function ensures the energy conservation during the whole process, but is often represented as a Lorentzian with the same center to account for the intrinsic linewidth of the final state.
$\delta (E_{i}-E_{f}+\hbar \omega _{k}-\hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime })\rightarrow {\frac {\Gamma _{f}/2\pi }{(E_{i}-E_{f}+\hbar \omega _{k}-\hbar \omega _{k}^{\prime })+\Gamma _{f}^{2}/4}}$
# Ampyrone

Ampyrone is a metabolite of aminopyrine with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. While the parent drug, aminopyrine, has been discouraged due to the risk of agranulocytosis, ampyrone itself has significantly lower toxicity. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates liver microsomes and is also used to measure extracellular water.
# Podocarpus nivalis

Podocarpus nivalis, the mountain or snow tōtara, is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

## Name and etymology

Podocarpus nivalis was first described and drawn by W.J. Hooker in 1843 in his Icones Plantarum. The plant described was found on Mount Tongariro, on the North Island of New Zealand, by William Colenso, "near the limits of perpetual snow".
The species name "nivalis" means "growing in or near the snow." A vernacular name for the plant is "alpine tōtara".

## Description

Podocarpus nivalis grows as a shrub of 20–40 cm. with spreading branches. It can also be semi-erect and up to 2 or 3m tall. Branches that contact the soil often root. It forms mats of a few square metres.
Leaves are thick, rigid and close together. They are arranged spirally and are a brownish green colour when they age. The leaves are 3–10 mm long and 2-2,5 mm wide and boat-shaped (naviculate) to ovate-linear. They may be curved outwards or down. The leaves are obtuse or mucronate at the apex.

## Distribution

This species is found in the North Island south of Mt Hikurangi and Mt Pirongia and in the South Island.

## Cultivation and uses

It is one of the hardiest podocarps of the Southern Hemisphere, it has withstood minus 25 °C (minus 13 °F) in the British Isles, and survives long periods under snow in its native habitat, close to the tree line in NZ's high mountains. It needs high rainfall to grow well.
# Edison Key

Edison McGinnis Key (born abt. 1939) is a Bahamian politician and former Member of Parliament. He is best known for representing Central and South Abaco as a Member of Parliament. He served in various capacities during his 40-year political career, including two terms as a Senator and as chairman of the Bahamas Telecommunications Corporation (BaTelCo) and chair of the Bahamas Agricultural and Industrial Corporation (BAIC).

## Early life

Key was born on 18 May 1938 in Abaco, Bahamas, the son of Bunyan and Lillian Key.

## London delegation

In 1973, as the Bahamas prepared for independence from Britain, there was a movement by some residents of the Abaco Islands to secede from the rest of the Bahamas (and remain under British rule or become an independent territory). Key was one of five Abacoans, who formed a delegation to London, to counter claims that all Abacoans wished to secede.
The separatist movement, which garnered some international attention, ultimately failed and Abaco became part of an independent Bahamas.

## Political career
### PLP years

Key was first elected to Parliament in 1977 for the Progressive Liberal Party (PLP). Tens years later, in the 1987 General Election, he lost the South Abaco race to Fred Gottlieb.
Subsequently, in 1992, the Abaco Islands were divided into three constituencies. Key ran against Gottlieb in the new Marsh Harbour electorate. The election saw Key returning to Parliament as he bested his opponent. However, the Opposition Free National Movement (FNM) party won the national election ending twenty-five years of PLP rule.
In 2005, Key resigned as a PLP senator and subsequently left the party. In his resignation letter, Edison Key reflected on his 34-year allegiance to the PLP, despite facing hostility due to his race. He accused the PLP government of the day of ostracising him after he exposed a potential corruption scheme.

### FNM defection

Later that year, Key joined the Free National Movement marking a significant turning point in his political career.
In 2006, it was announced that Key would run in the 2007 general election as the FNM candidate for South Abaco. In the election, Key won and returned to Parliament and was appointed chairman of the Bahamas Agricultural and Industrial Corporation.
He also successfully retained his seat in the 2012 general election, despite the FNM's defeat in a landslide victory by the PLP.
In 2015, at the age of 76, Edison Key announced his intention to retire from politics in 2017, concluding a 40-year-long career as a parliamentarian. He expressed a desire to focus on his personal life, in particular to spend more time with his wife. In December 2016, Key accused FNM officials of betraying him by holding secret meetings to select another candidate for his electorate. He and six other MPs also wrote a letter to the Governor-General expressing no-confidence in their party leader, Hubert Minnis, as Leader of the Opposition.

### Return to the PLP

In 2017, Key changed his allegiance yet again and re-joined the Progressive Liberal Party.
# Diving at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships – Men's synchronized 10 metre platform

The Men's synchronized 10 metre platform competition of the diving events at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships was held on 26 July 2015.

## Results

The prelimanry round was held at 10:00. The final was held at 19:30.
Green denotes finalists
| Rank | Nation | Divers | Preliminary | Preliminary | Final | Final |
| Rank | Nation | Divers | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| | China | Chen Aisen Lin Yue | 470.13 | 1 | 495.72 | 1 |
| | Mexico | Iván García Germán Sánchez | 419.19 | 5 | 448.89 | 2 |
| | Russia | Roman Izmailov Viktor Minibaev | 443.07 | 3 | 441.33 | 3 |
| 4 | Ukraine | Maksym Dolgov Oleksandr Horshkovozov | 419.07 | 6 | 436.50 | 4 |
| 5 | United States | David Boudia Steele Johnson | 451.02 | 2 | 436.35 | 5 |
| 6 | Germany | Patrick Hausding Sascha Klein | 421.92 | 4 | 431.34 | 6 |
| 7 | South Korea | Kim Yeong-nam Woo Ha-ram | 417.24 | 7 | 421.80 | 7 |
| 8 | Colombia | Víctor Ortega Juan Ríos | 409.92 | 8 | 405.03 | 8 |
| 9 | Great Britain | James Denny Matthew Lee | 379.86 | 12 | 396.84 | 9 |
| 10 | Malaysia | Chew Yiwei Ooi Tze Liang | 383.40 | 11 | 386.52 | 10 |
| 11 | North Korea | Hyon Il-myong Kim Sun-bom | 385.08 | 10 | 378.18 | 11 |
| 12 | Australia | Domonic Bedggood James Connor | 388.80 | 9 | 375.12 | 12 |
| 13 | Belarus | Vadim Kaptur Yauheni Karaliou | 373.92 | 13 | | |
| 14 | Canada | Philippe Gagné Vincent Riendeau | 372.78 | 14 | | |
| 15 | Cuba | Jeinkler Aguirre José Guerra | 367.38 | 15 | | |
| 16 | Italy | Francesco Dell'Uomo Maicol Verzotto | 362.55 | 16 | | |
| 17 | Venezuela | Óscar Ariza Robert Páez | 344.70 | 17 | | |
| 18 | Norway | Filip Devor Daniel Jensen | 342.87 | 18 | | |
| 19 | Brazil | Jackson Oliveira Isaac Souza | 335.91 | 19 | | |
| 20 | Indonesia | Andriyan Andriyan Adityo Putra | 311.97 | 20 | | |
# Mario Puchoz

Mario Puchoz (pron. fr . AFI : [pyʃo] ) (15 January 1918 – 21 June 1954 ) was an Italian mountaineer and the second person to die attempting to climb K2. He was a member of the first expedition to successfully climb K2. Despite being one of the most promising climbers of the team, he died of high altitude pulmonary edema near camp 2.

## Biography

Puchoz was born and lived in Courmayeur, at the foot of Mont Blanc. From a peasant family, he became passionate about the mountains, becoming a mountain guide.
During the Second World War he was enlisted in the Alpine corps (Monte Cervino ski battalion), and participated in the Italian campaign in Russia in the Italian Expeditionary Force.
After the war, Puchoz continued his activity as a mountaineer and mountain guide.

### K2 expedition

In 1953, he was summoned by Ardito Desio among the candidates to form the Italian expedition to attempt the first ascent of K2 in 1954; having passed the selections, Puchoz left with the other members of the expedition towards Pakistan.
He participated with his other expedition companions in the preparation of the climbing route, the transport of materials and the establishment of the various base camps. On 18 June 1954, while he was at Camp II, at around 6,000 meters above sea level, Puchoz began to feel some discomfort, but it did not seem worried, and expressed the desire to remain at Camp II. On 20 June, however, his condition suddenly worsened, and, despite the care of Dr. Guido Pagani, the expedition's doctor, Mario died at one in the morning on 21 June.
Dr. Pagani's diagnosis was fulminant pneumonia. Today, in light of medical progress in general and knowledge of the problems of high altitude in particular, it is believed that the cause of Mario Puchoz's death was high altitude pulmonary edema.
Due to bad weather, the expedition companions could not reach Camp II until 26 July; Puchoz's body was recovered and transported to the base camp, where he was buried near Arthur Gilkey's tomb (where today the Gilkey memorial stands).
Despite Puchoz's death, the expedition continued the climb in his memory. Puchoz was the second person to die attempting to climb K2 after Art Gilkey.

## Memorials

* The city of Aosta named its stadium after Mario Puchoz.
* The city of Courmayeur has a street named after Puchoz "Via Mario Puchoz".
* The city of Rapallo has a street named after Puchoz.
* The city of Tempio Pausania has a street named after Puchoz.
* On Etna, there was a refuge dedicated to Mario Puchoz, located at 1,815 m, which was destroyed by the earthquakes that accompanied the volcanic eruption of 1975.
* Also on Etna, next to where the refuge stood, after the reconstruction of the ski lift facilities following the 2002 eruption, a chairlift was named after Puchoz.
# Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe

The Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe (German: University of Music Karlsruhe) is a college of music in Karlsruhe, Germany. Originally the Baden Conservatory of Music, it was elevated to a Hochschule under the direction of Franz Philipp, who led the school from 1924 to 1942.

## Studies

The Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe offers tuition in voice, orchestral instruments, piano, composition, music theory, musicology, music informatics and music journalism. The academic degrees go from Bachelors to Artists Diplomas.

## Notable faculty

* Hanno Müller-Brachmann (born 1970), voice
* Wolfgang Meyer (1954–2019), clarinet
* Wolfgang Rihm (1952–2024), composition

## Notable alumni

* Tanja Ariane Baumgartner
* Clara Mathilda Faisst (1872–1948)
* Tarja Turunen (born 1977)
* Simone Zgraggen (born 1975)
* Jörg Widmann (born 1973)
# Black Death in Spain

The Black Death was present in Spain between 1348 and 1350. In the 14th century, present-day Spain was composed of the crowns of Aragon and Castile, the Kingdom of Navarre, and the Emirate of Granada. In the countries on the Iberian Peninsula, the Black Death is well-documented and researched in Navarre and particularly in Aragon (recorded in the chronicle of Peter IV), but less documented in Castile and Granada.
In the Iberian Peninsula, the Black Death is estimated to have killed 60–65% of the population, reducing its total population from 6 million to 2–2.5 million. In absolute terms, Europe's 80 million inhabitants were reduced to only 30 million between 1347–1353.

## Aragon

The Black Death in Aragon is described by contemporary witnesses, such as in the chronicle of Peter IV of Aragon, and has been subjected to thorough research which has demonstrated the effect that the plague could have on a society.
The Black Death reached Aragon in the spring of 1348, and lasted a year. It interrupted the civil war which took place at the time, when the King was able to convince the rebels by whom he was captive to release him as they would otherwise endanger his life because of the migration of the plague.
The collapse of the administration and social order lasted for several years and resulted a breakdown of law and order, widespread criminality, repression from the nobility and rebellions during the following century.

## Castile

The Black Death in Castile is not as well researched or documented as in Aragon and Navarre. In 1350, it caused the death of king Alfonso XI of Castile in the middle of his warfare against Muslim Andalusia.

## Navarre

The Black Death in Navarre has been subjected to the research of Maurice Berthe, among others. It had a severe effect on the country, as Navarre was already recovering from a severe famine when the Plague arrived. About 50% of the population are estimated to have died.

## Granada

The Black Death in Granada is described by the Granadan polymath and physician Ibn al-Khatib in his treatise, Muqni'at al-Sā'il 'an al-Maraḍ al-Hā'il, which is preserved at the Library of El Escorial.
# Never Stop (Brand New Heavies song)

"Never Stop" is a song by the English band the Brand New Heavies, included on the 1991 re-release of their eponymous debut studio album. A remixed version by David Morales featuring vocals by N'Dea Davenport was released as the third single from the album on 23 September 1991.
The song's drum beat was sampled in George Michael's 1992 hit single, "Too Funky".

## Music video

The song's music video, directed by Douglas Gayeton, saw heavy rotation on MTV.

## Track listing

* CD maxi single – David Morales mixes
* "Never Stop" (single radio edit) – 3:39
* "Never Stop" (Morales extended mix) – 6:49
* "Never Stop" (Heavies extended mix) – 5:39
* "Never Stop" (Kincaid mix) – 3:51

## Charts

Chart performance for "Never Stop" :
| Chart (1991) | Peak position |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 43 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 54 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 3 |
# Blue-banded wrasse

The blue-banded wrasse (Choerodon typus) is a species of wrasse native to the easternmost Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is an inhabitant of reefs, preferring substrates of flat sand or rubble at depths of from 15 to 85 m (49 to 279 ft). This species grows to 12 cm (4.7 in) in standard length. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries.

## Taxonomy

It was previously thought to be the only species of the genus Xiphocheilus, but this was refuted when molecular phylogenetics showed that it nests deep within the genus Choerodon.
# Matthew Callister

Matthew Q. Callister (born December 5, 1955) is a former American Democratic politician who served as a Las Vegas City Councilman (1995–1997), a Nevada State Senator (1992–1995), and a Nevada State Assemblyman (1986–1992).

## Biography

Callister was born in Las Vegas, Nevada. He graduated from Ed W. Clark High School. He later served a mission for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Corpus Christi, Texas from 1974 to 1976. Callister earned a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Utah in 1978 and later earned a juris doctor degree from the University of San Diego School of Law in 1981. Callister also worked as a law clerk to U.S. Senator Paul Laxalt. After passing the Nevada bar exam, he joined his father's law firm, Callister & Reynolds, as a partner before entering politics.
Callister served as a member of the Clark County General Obligation Bond Commission, City of Las Vegas Liquor/Tavern License Commission, Clark County Regional Jail Commission, and the Southern Nevada Water Authority.

## Committees

* Senate Finance Committee
* Assembly Ways and Means Committee, Chair (two terms)
# Tedalinab

Tedalinab (GRC-10693) is a drug developed by Glenmark Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of osteoarthritis and neuropathic pain, which acts as a potent and selective cannabinoid CB$_2$ receptor agonist. It has a very high selectivity of 4700x for CB$_2$ over the related CB$_1$ receptor, has good oral bioavailability and has shown promising safety results and effective analgesic and antiinflammatory actions in early clinical trials. Many related compounds are known, most of which also show high CB$_2$ selectivity.
# Egghead Jr.

Egghead Jr. is a character from the animated cartoon series Looney Tunes, created by Robert McKimson in the 1950s. He debuted in 1954's Little Boy Boo, and made two subsequent Looney Tunes appearances, in 1955's Feather Dusted and 1960s Crockett-Doodle-Doo.

## History

Egghead Jr. is a large-headed and very intelligent baby chick and appeared in several shorts with bumptious Foghorn Leghorn (also a character directed by McKimson and voiced by Mel Blanc). The only child of Miss Prissy, a widow hen, Egghead Jr. was bookish and never talked (though he mumbled when he counted playing hide-and-seek with Foghorn in Little Boy Boo). Egghead Jr. has the strange ability to accomplish virtually anything, simply by writing out physics theorems, then performing the action proposed thereby. Foghorn would try to teach him to play games like baseball and cowboys and Indians, with the intent that he act more like a typical boy, but invariably resulting in bodily injury for Foghorn.
It was previously noted that Egghead Jr. was also in the 1959 cartoon A Broken Leghorn, but this was the character Junior Rooster.
Egghead Jr. had no relation to Egghead, a human character that appeared in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts of the 1930s.

## Later appearances

In 1991, Egghead Jr. appeared in the Tiny Toon Adventures episode "Hog-Wild Hamton." He's Hamton J. Pig's neighbor and he doesn't like being disturbed. So when a wild party hosted by Plucky Duck takes place at Hamton's house while his parents are away and the guests refuse to keep the noise down, Egghead takes matters into his own hands by launching a missile that destroyed his house. Egghead Jr. later hands Ed McMayhem a note telling him that he is studying for a very important exam and requests that he stop his laughing. Ed continues to laugh and Egghead Jr. pokes him in the left knee cap causing him pain in the knee.
Egghead Jr. also makes a cameo in the Pinky and the Brain episode "Star Warners."
He makes a cameo in Space Jam watching Michael Jordan.
Egghead Jr. appears in the direct-to-video film Tweety's High-Flying Adventure as part of the team of birds following Tweety's journey around the world.
Egghead Jr. appears in the Duck Dodgers episode "Corporate Pigfall."
Egghead Jr. appears in Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas. He appears as a caroler alongside Henery Hawk, Barnyard Dawg Jr., and Porky Pig's daughter Priscilla.
Egghead Jr., now renamed "Eggbert", makes frequent appearances in the Looney Tunes series published by DC.
Egghead Jr. appears in Bugs Bunny Builders. Unlike most of his appearances, Egghead Jr. actually speaks. He is voiced by child actor Luke Lowe.