OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joe Viskocil

Joseph Viskocil (December 21, 1952 – August 11, 2014) was an American special effects artist who had over 80 film credits from 1974 to 2014. He created special effects for some of the most famous movie franchises and was awarded an Academy Award for his work on Independence Day (1996).

## Career

In 1977, Viskocil assisted John Dykstra and George Lucas in creating the pyrotechnics for Star Wars, including the explosion of the Death Star at the film's climax. In 1980, he returned to create pyrotechnics for The Empire Strikes Back. For the next three decades, he worked on films from the most famous franchises, including Ghostbusters, Batman and Star Trek.
After serving as pyrotechnics supervisor for the 1996 film Independence Day, Viskocil was awarded the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects alongside Volker Engel, Douglas Smith and Clay Pinney at the 69th Academy Awards. Viskocil and miniature supervisor Mike Joyce were responsible for the creation of a 15-foot-wide, 5-foot-high (4.57 metres by 1.52 metres) miniature of the White House, built for destruction during the film.

### Style

In the 1990s, Viskocil opposed using computer-generated imagery in the creation of some special effects:
   When it comes to pyro techniques, what was done 50 years ago is still good today. There are a billion chemicals out there now that one can add, subtract or manipulate to create a desired effect.
Following the September 11 attacks, Viskocil expressed guilt over making the explosions in Independence Day appear lifelike, saying "I started thinking maybe I did my job too well, and it might have been the nucleus of an idea for someone to say: ‘Hey, let’s crash a plane into the White House.’"

## Personal life

Viskocil died on August 11, 2014, in Los Angeles from complications of liver and heart failure.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1977 | Star Wars | | |
| 1980 | The Empire Strikes Back | | |
| 1984 | Ghostbusters | | |
| 1984 | The Terminator | | |
| 1985 | The Return of the Living Dead | | |
| 1987 | Masters of the Universe | | |
| 1988 | Killer Klowns From Outer Space | | |
| 1989 | The Abyss | | |
| 1991 | Barton Fink | | |
| 1991 | Terminator 2: Judgment Day | | |
| 1992 | Batman Returns | | |
| 1994 | True Lies | | |
| 1995 | Apollo 13 | | |
| 1995 | Johnny Mnemonic | | |
| 1996 | Independence Day | Pyrotechnics supervisor | |
| 1997 | Alien Resurrection | | |
| 1997 | Volcano | | |
| 2000 | Battlefield Earth | | |
| 2002 | Panic Room | | |
| 2002 | Star Trek: Nemesis | | |
| 2004 | Team America: World Police | Pyrotechnics supervisor | |
| 2011 | Source Code | | |
| 2022 | The Prey: Legend of the Karnoctus | | Posthumous release |

## Awards

| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| 1996 | Academy Award for Best Visual Effects | Independence Day | Won | |
| 2017 | Visual Effects Society Hall of Fame | — | Won | |
# Bard, Iowa

Bard was an unincorporated community in Louisa County, in the U.S. state of Iowa.

## Geography

Bard was located at 41°14′25″N 91°17′15″W﻿ / ﻿41.24028°N 91.28750°W﻿ / 41.24028; -91.28750.

## History

The Cedar Rapids and Burlington Railway Company built a rail line through the Louisa County communities of Morning Sun, Wapello, Bard, and Columbus Junction circa 1869.
Bard became one of 17 villages in the county, with Louisa County historian Arthur Springer in 1912 writing, "The county now has Wapello, Columbus Junction, Morning Sun, Columbus City, Oakville, Grandview, Lettsville, Cotter or Cotterville, Wyman, Cairo, Fredonia, Elrick Junction, Toolsboro, Marsh, Gladwin, Newport and Bard, being seventeen in all." The Bard post office began operations in 1876.
The community's population was 25 in 1890.
The Bard post office closed in 1901.
On April 27, 1929, a tornado hit the Bard area. The tornado damaged a swath of land two miles long and 220 yards wide, causing $2,100 in damages.
Bard's population was 15 in 1940.
# Totti Bergh

Theodor Christian Frølich Bergh known as Totti Bergh (5 December 1935 – 4 January 2012) was a Norwegian jazz musician (saxophone), the younger brother of the jazz journalist Johannes (Johs.) Bergh (1932–2001). He was married to jazz singer Laila Dalseth. He was born and died in Oslo.

## Career

Bergh began to play clarinet, and began learning the saxophone in 1952. In 1956, he became a professional musician. He was a regular member of Kjell Karlsen Sextet for three years, in addition to collaborating sporadically with Rowland Greenberg and other musicians on the Norwegian jazz scene as it once provisioned live dance music of good brand. He also made trips on the Norwegian America Ships with the ships' house orchestra on the voyage to New York. Bergh had mustered the America boat in 1960 and succeeded Harald Bergersen as tenor saxophonist in the Kjell Karlsen new big band. In the summer of 1961, the big band's new singer was Laila Dalseth, his wife to be. He also was in the lineup for the bands of Einar Schanke (1955–56), Rowland Greenberg (1960–64, 1974–81), and Per Borthen (1966–). In addition, he played in his wife Laila Dalseth's orchestra. Later, he played tenor saxophone and soprano saxophone with 'Christiania Jazzband' (from 1990) and with 'Christiania 12' (from 1992).
He released several albums, and his music is reminiscent of the world-renowned tenorists Lester Young and Dexter Gordon.

## Honors

* 1994: Gammleng-prisen
* 1995: The city of Oslo cultural scholarship
* 1997: The Ella-prisen at Kongsberg Jazzfestival
* 1999: Buddyprisen

## Discography

* 1986: Tenor madness (Gemini Records), with Al Cohn
* 1988: I hear a rhapsody, with Per Husby/Egil Kapstad (piano), Ole Jacob Hansen /Egil Johansen (musician) (1934–1998) (drums) & Terje Venaas (bass)
* 1991: Major blues, within his own quintet recorded at Oslo Jazzfestival, including George Masso (trombone), Major Holley (bass), Egil Kapstad (piano) & Pelle Hultén (drums)
* 1993: On the trail, with Plas Johnson
* 1995: Remember
* 1996: Warm Valley
* 1998: Night Bird, with Harry Allen & George Masso
* 2012: Totti's Choice (Gemini Records), Compilations released posthumously
# Eudendrium capillare

Eudendrium capillare is a marine species of cnidaria, a hydroid (Hydrozoa) in the family Eudendriidae.
# Pitafi

The Pitafis (پتافي) are an ethnic Baloch tribe found in Pakistan, present especially in the Dera Ghazi Khan district.
# Norberto Scoponi

Norberto Hugo Scoponi (born 13 January 1961) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was born in the city of Rosario in the Santa Fe Province of Argentina. He played the majority of his career for Newell's Old Boys of the Primera División Argentina where he won three Argentine league titles.
In 1995 Scoponi moved to Mexico to play for Cruz Azul, he returned to Argentina in 1998 to play for Club Atlético Independiente where he played until his retirement in 2000.
Scoponi was the reserve goalkeeper for Argentina during their victorious Copa América 1993 campaign and in the 1994 FIFA World Cup.

## Honours

Newell's Old Boys
* Primera División Argentina: 1987–88, 1990–91, Clausura 1992
* Copa Libertadores Runner-up: 1988, 1992
Cruz Azul
* Copa MX: 1996-97
* CONCACAF Champions Cup: 1996, 1997
Argentina
* Copa América: 1993
# Pietralunga

Pietralunga is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 35 km (22 mi) north of Perugia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,343 and an area of 140.2 km².
Pietralunga borders the following municipalities: Apecchio, Cagli, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Montone, Umbertide.

## History

As a small medieval town in Italy, it has many mentions by travelers and adventurers, dating back to 1000 A.D. It is also home to several ancient Roman ruins. According to history, St. Crescenziano was killed near the town's center. On 11 September 1334 Giovanni di Lorenzo de Picardie traveled through Pietralunga as part of the Ax Miracle of the Holy Face of Lucca.
# Spangold

Spangold is a family of shape memory-effect alloys (SME) of gold, copper, and aluminum in either 18K or 23K. The name of the family is a play on the word "spangled".
Spangold is a beta-phase alloy with a nominal stoichiometry of Au$_7$Cu$_5$Al$_4$ and a nominal composition by mass of 76% gold, 18% copper, and 6% aluminum. The texture is caused by the induction of a martensitic-type phase transformation on a polished surface.
Spangold undergoes a martensitic-type phase transformation when properly treated. This phase transformation is induced on a polished surface of the alloy. Martensitic transformations are a common feature in shape memory alloys, and they involve a reversible change in crystal structure that allows the material to recover its original shape when subjected to specific temperature changes.
# Attalus of Rhodes

Attalus of Rhodes (Greek: Ἄτταλος ὁ Ῥόδιος) was an ancient Greek grammarian, astronomer, and mathematician, who lived in Rhodes in the 2nd century BC, and was a contemporary of Hipparchus. He wrote a commentary on the Phaenomena of Aratus. Although this work is lost, Hipparchus cites him in his Commentary on the Phaenomena of Eudoxus and Aratus. Attalus sought to defend both Aratus and Eudoxus against criticisms from contemporary astronomers and mathematicians.
Book IV of Apollonius of Perga's Conics is addressed to someone named Attalus, and it has been suggested that this may have been Attalus of Rhodes. However, this is not a good match chronologically, and Attalus was a common name at the time, so the connection is only speculative.
# Madoda Sambatha

Madoda Sambatha (born 22 October 1975) is a South African politician serving as the North West MEC for Agriculture and Rural Development since 2024. He has served as a Member of the North West Provincial Legislature for the African National Congress (ANC) since 2014. He was the MEC for Public Works and Roads from 2014 to 2017 and the MEC for Health from 2018 until 2024. Sambatha is also the provincial secretary of the South African Communist Party (SACP).

## Early life and education

Sambatha was born on 22 October 1975 in Kwangqondo, Engcobo, in the Cape Province, now the Eastern Cape. He attended Sentube Junior Primary School, Tshapile Junior Secondary School and graduated from Mzikayise Dalasile Senior Secondary School in 1995.

## Political career

Sambatha later found employment as a mineworker at the Mponeng Gold Mine in 1996. He then joined the National Union of Mineworkers. He was involved in the politics of Gauteng and the North West. In 2000, Sambatha was elected as a councillor of the West Rand District Municipality in Gauteng. He was appointed Mayoral Committee Member for Public Safety and served in the post until 2005.
At the same time, he was elected as an ANC Youth League Regional Executive Committee member in the West Rand, before being elected as a member of the youth league's regional executive in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda Region in the North West.
In 2007, Sambatha was elected the provincial secretary of SACP.
Sambatha was elected to the North West Provincial Legislature in the 2014 general election that was held on 7 May and took office as an MPL on 21 May. Premier Supra Mahumapelo appointed him Member of the Executive Council for Roads and Public Works. He was sworn in on 27 May.
On 1 June 2017, Mahumapelo removed Sambatha from the Executive Council. Mahumapelo reasoned that allegations of Sambatha selling land illegally led to his demotion, yet his dismissal was speculated to have partisan undertones. Mmule Maluleke was appointed his successor.
In December 2018, newly elected premier Job Mokgoro named him the MEC for Health. He succeeded long-serving Magome Masike. He remained in the post following the 2019 general election.
Following the 2024 general election, Sambatha was named MEC for Agriculture and Rural Development by the newly elected premier Lazarus Mokgosi.

## Personal life

Sambatha is married to Phumza Sambatha; they have five children.
# Eudendrium cnidoferum

Eudendrium cnidoferum is a marine species of cnidaria, a hydroid (Hydrozoa) in the family Eudendriidae.
# Jesse Nissenbaum

Jesse Nissenbaum is an American singer/songwriter from Long Island, New York. He is currently lead singer and guitarist in Long Island rock band Hazmat Bay. Jesse combines music of alternative, acoustic, blues, ska, reggae and rock. Jesse Nissenbaum played all of the instruments on all of his solo work before Hazmat Bay started in 2007.

## Biography

Jesse grew up in the Long Island village of Lindenhurst. At a very young age he took to music, particularly the guitar. He learned a bevy of instruments, which would later help him begin his musical career.
In 2001, Jesse was introduced to the music of sublime. From there on, reggae and ska were almost always present in his music. Jesse also cites the work of Stevie Ray Vaughan, Jeff Buckley, and Chris Cornell as his major inspirations.
After writing close to 40 songs between 2002 and 2005, Jesse Decided to enter this studio for the much anticipated debut EP "What it Seems". The EP was released in 2007.
After the release of What it Seems, Jesse re-entered the studio in fall 2008 to work on the Hazmat Bay album titled "The Red Tide". The Red Tide came out in June 2009. Hazmat Bay did a small west coast tour in support of "The Red Tide" in August 2009.
April 20, 2011 Saw the release of Hazmat Bay, a 12-track album recorded at Sound Room Studios in Babylon NY. Following the release Jesse recruited guitarist/bassist Chris Cochrane to the mix as a permanent member. They toured California and Nevada during January 2012 acoustic, after the departure of drummer Rob Capace only weeks before the tour. The band has more tentative plans for a fall 2012 north east tour, and January Florida/Gulf Coast tour.
Jesse cites his family as his biggest inspiration for his music. His mother is a singer/songwriter, Teri Salvo Nissenbaum, and still performs out and his father worked with many bands in the 1980s including Kiss, Ted Nugent and others. Also, Jesse's brother Jeremy was the drummer of Extreme Metal band Lecherous Nocturne and is an established musician in his own right, gaining acclaim throughout the metal scene.

## Discography
### Albums and demos

2006- Demo 2007- What it Seems EP 2007- What it Seems Full Length Album 2009- The Red Tide (Hazmat Bay) 2011- Self Titled (Hazmat Bay)

## Singles

| Year | Song | Album |
| 2007 | What it Seems | What it Seems EP |
| 2009 | The Red Tide | The Red Tide |
| 2011 | Exodub | Hazmat Bay |
| 2011 | Bad Card | Hazmat Bay |
| 2012 | Norml | Hazmat Bay |
# The Flood (1931 film)

The Flood is a 1931 pre-Code American melodrama film directed by James Tinling from a story by John Thomas Neville. Sam Nelson was assistant director. Produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures, the film was released in the US on 28 February 1931.

## Cast

* Eleanor Boardman as Joan Marshall
* Monte Blue as David Bruce
* Frank Sheridan as David Bruce, Sr.
* David Newell as Randolph Bannister
* William V. Mong as Colonel Marshall
* Violet Barlowe as Emily
* Eddie Tamblyn as Willy
* Arthur Hoyt as Uncle George
* Ethel Wales as Aunt Constance
* Buddy Ray as Ray Jeff

## Production

Production for The Flood lasted from 10 December 1930 to 14 January 1931. The film's copyright was registered on 25 February 1931.
# Spring Road railway station

Spring Road is a small railway station in the Acocks Green area of Birmingham, England. It is situated on the North Warwickshire Line, between Tyseley and Hall Green stations. The station, and all trains serving it, are operated by West Midlands Railway.

## History

The station was opened in 1908 as a halt named Spring Road Platform to ease traffic from the station at Tyseley, and to serve a cluster of cottages on the nearby land, which were owned until 1925 by the landowner at Fox Hollies Hall, Zaccheus Walker IV. The station consisted of two platforms with shelters, with ramps leading from street level to the station below. Passengers had to purchase their tickets on the train.
The station served as a request stop for the railmotor excursions throughout the years before the First World War, with Acocks Green building up around it. Zaccheus Walker IV, who was a well-respected philanthropist in the area, used the station for school trips (paid for by him personally) to the countryside and Stratford upon Avon.
At the end of the Second World War, a factory consisting of two buildings was built alongside the station, belonging to Lucas. The larger of the two known as BW3 and BW4 were later sold to Magneti Marelli in the early 1990s, before passing into the hands of Denso in 2003. The smaller BW5 stayed in the hands of Lucas as part of Lucas Aerospace. Lucas was bought out by TRW in 1998, BW5 has been in the hands of Goodrich since October 2002 when TRW sold off all its aerospace businesses.
In the 1950s, a permanent ticket-office was placed at the top of the ramp leading to Platform 1 (towards Birmingham). An older shelter at the top of this ramp built after the Second World War was converted into a toolshed, which it is used as today.
Workers at the factory first used the station to travel to and from work, which kept the station open during the era of the Beeching Axe, but traffic became less with the appearance of the private car.

## Services

West Midlands Trains run local services every 30 minutes as part of the Snow Hill lines:
The off-peak service pattern Mondays to Saturdays is as follows:
* 2 trains per hour westbound to Kidderminster via Birmingham Moor Street, Birmingham Snow Hill and Stourbridge Junction, with some evening services continuing onward to Worcester.
* 2 trains per hour eastbound to Whitlocks End, one of which continues to Stratford-upon-Avon.
On Sundays, there is an hourly service each way – westbound to Worcester Foregate Street via Birmingham, and southbound to Stratford-upon-Avon.
# KDMA-FM

KDMA-FM (93.9 MHz) is a radio station licensed to Granite Falls, Minnesota. KDMA-FM airs a full-service/country music format, simulcasting with sister station KDMA, and is owned by Iowa City Broadcasting Company, Inc.
# Mokthuk

Mokthuk or Mothuk (Tibetan: མའོ་ཁི་ཐུའུ་ཁི་ཡིས་བཤད་རྒྱུར།; Nepali: मुकतुक) is a type of momo soup. It is popular in Tibet, Nepal and Ladakh, a region in northern India. It originates from Tibet. It is a combination of momo and thukpa where unlike the momos, the shape of the dumplings are usually smaller known as tsi-tsi momos.
Similar to jhol momo, however the broth for mokthuk is made using either meat bones added with various herbs and vegetables, or is served with a vegetarian broth.
# Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District

Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District (Persian: دهستان جلگه چاه هاشم) is in Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem District of Dalgan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Chegerdak.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of the former Dalgan District of Iranshahr County) was 22,644 in 4,253 households. There were 19,452 inhabitants in 4,255 households at the following census of 2011, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Dalgan County. The rural district was transferred to the new Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem District. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 20,747 in 4,928 households. The most populous of its 361 villages was Chegerdak (now a city), with 2,742 people.
# Opal (disambiguation)

Opal is a gemstone.
Opal or OPAL may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Opal, Alberta
* Opal Hills, Jasper National Park, Alberta
* Opal Cone, a volcano in British Columbia

### United States

* Opal, Missouri, an unincorporated community
* Opal, South Dakota, an unincorporated community
* Opal, Virginia, a census-designated place
* Opal, Wyoming, a town

## Science and technology
### Biology and medicine

* Opal (apple), a variety of apple produced by crossing Golden Delicious and Topaz varieties
* Opal (butterfly), common name for the butterfly genus Chrysoritis
* Omeprazole or Opal, a drug
* Opal phytolith, a rigid microscopic body that occurs in many plants
* Opal, a stop codon
* Open Air Laboratories, an initiative in England to get the public more involved with nature

### Computing

* OPAL (software) (Open Physics Abstraction Layer), a real-time physics engine
* Opal programming language, developed at Technische Universität Berlin
* Open Phone Abstraction Library (OPAL), a fork of the H323plus project supporting H.323, SIP, IAX2
* Opal Storage Specification, a storage specification developed by the Trusted Computing Group

### Physics

* Open-pool Australian lightwater reactor, a scientific facility in Sydney, Australia
* OPAL experiment and detector, of the Large Electron-Positron Collider at CERN

### Space

* OPAL (Outer Planet Atmospheres Legacy) Project, observation project of the Hubble Space Telescope

## Arts and entertainment

* The Opal (annual), an annual gift book from 1844 to 1849
* Opal (band), a 1980s rock band from Los Angeles, US
* Jack Stauber's OPAL, a 2020 short film that premiered on Adult Swim

### Fictional entities

* Opal (EastEnders) a character on the BBC soap opera EastEnders
* Opal (The Simpsons), a talk show host on The Simpsons
* Opal Otter, the mother of Peanut, Baby Butter and Jelly Otter in "PB&J Otter"
* Opal City, a fictional city in the DC Comics universe
* Opal, a fictional character in the Cartoon Network show Steven Universe
* Opal, a fictional character in the Nickelodeon show The Legend of Korra
* Opal, a Pokémon character in the video games Pokémon Sword and Shield

## Ships

* HMS Opal, two ships of the British Royal Navy
* USS Opal (PYc-8), a United States Navy patrol vessel during World War II

## Transportation

* Opal (fuel), a brand of petrol produced by BP Australia
* Opal (armoured personnel carrier), a Polish vehicle
* Opal card, a smart card used on Sydney's transport network

## Other uses

* Opal (given name)
* OPAL pipeline, a natural gas pipeline in Germany
* The Opal, a journal written by the patients of the Utica State Lunatic Asylum c. 1851
* Tropical Storm Opal, several tropical cyclones worldwide have been named Opal
* Opal Telecom, a former UK business broadband and telephone provider, now known as TalkTalk Business
* Opal Tower (Leeds), a skyscraper in Leeds, England
* Opal Tower (Sydney), a skyscraper in Sydney, Australia
* Australia women's national basketball team or the Opals
* Opal, a product by Nói Síríus
# Denis Pätoprstý

Denis Pätoprstý (born November 5, 1997) is a Slovak professional ice hockey right winger for HK Nitra of the Tipos Extraliga.
Pätoprstý was previously an academy player at HC Topoľčany, MHC Martin and BK Mladá Boleslav before joining HC Slovan Bratislava of the Kontinental Hockey League. He played six games for the team during the 2016–17 KHL season and scored no points before returning to Slovakia with Team Slovakia U20 as well as a return to HC Topoľčany.
In 2018, Pätoprstý signed for Tipsport Liga side HK Nitra.
# John Whitaker Maitland

John Whitaker Maitland (1831–1909) was the rector of Loughton, lord of the manor, and owner of Loughton Hall.

## Early life

He was the third son of William Whitaker Maitland, landowner and High Sheriff of Essex. He was educated at Harrow School, and Trinity Hall, Cambridge.

## Career

Loughton Hall had been destroyed by fire in 1836, and after Maitland received £30,000 from the City of London for enclosing parts of Epping Forest which he owned, he rebuilt in 1878.
It was designed by William Eden Nesfield in a mock Jacobean style.

## Personal life

He married Venetia Neave, daughter of Sir Digby Neave, 3rd Baronet and Hon. Mary Arundell.
He is the grandfather of the politician Sir John Maitland through his son William Whitaker Maitland.
# Closer than Close (Jean Carne song)

"Closer than Close" is a 1986 R&B ballad by former Norman Connors vocalist Jean Carne. The single was a number-one hit on the U.S. R&B chart for two weeks. "Closer than Close" was written by Terry Price and Brandi Wells and produced by Grover Washington Jr.