OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robin Gandy

Robin Oliver Gandy (22 September 1919 – 20 November 1995) was a British mathematician and logician. He was a friend, student, and associate of Alan Turing, having been supervised by Turing during his PhD at the University of Cambridge, where they worked together.

## Education and early life

Robin Gandy was born in the village of Rotherfield Peppard, Oxfordshire, England. A great-great-grandson of the architect and artist Joseph Gandy (1771–1843), he was the son of Thomas Hall Gandy (1876–1948), a general practitioner, and Ida Caroline née Hony (1885–1977), a social worker and later an author. His brother was the diplomat Christopher Gandy and his sister was the physician Gillian Gandy.
Educated at Abbotsholme School in Derbyshire, Gandy took two years of the Mathematical Tripos, at King's College, Cambridge, before enlisting for military service in 1940. During World War II he worked on radio intercept equipment at Hanslope Park, where Alan Turing was working on a speech encipherment project, and he became one of Turing's lifelong friends and associates. In 1946, he completed Part III of the Mathematical Tripos, then began studying for a PhD under Turing's supervision. He completed his thesis, On axiomatic systems in mathematics and theories in Physics, in 1952. He was a member of the Cambridge Apostles.

## Career and research

Gandy held positions at the University of Leicester, the University of Leeds, and the University of Manchester. He was a visiting associate professor at Stanford University from 1966 to 1967 and held a similar position at University of California, Los Angeles in 1968. In 1969, he moved to Wolfson College, Oxford, where he became Reader in Mathematical Logic.
Gandy is known for his work in recursion theory. His contributions include the Spector–Gandy theorem, the Gandy Stage Comparison theorem, and the Gandy Selection theorem. He also made a significant contribution to the understanding of the Church–Turing thesis, and his generalisation of the Turing machine is called a Gandy machine.
Gandy died in Oxford, England on 20 November 1995.

## Legacy

The Robin Gandy Buildings, a pair of accommodation blocks at Wolfson College, Oxford, are named after Gandy. A one-day centenary Gandy Colloquium was held on 22 February 2020 at the College in Gandy's honour, including contributions by some of his students; the speakers were Marianna Antonutti Marfori (Munich), Andrew Hodges (Oxford), Martin Hyland (Cambridge), Jeff Paris (Manchester), Göran Sundholm (Leiden), Christine Tasson (Paris), and Philip Welch (Bristol).
# Prizren District (Serbia)

The Prizren District (Albanian: Distrikti i Prizrenit; Serbian: Призренски округ/Prizrenski okrug, pronounced) was a district in southern Kosovo and Metohija between 1990 and 1999. It had a population of 376,085. The seat of the district was in the city of Prizren.

## Municipalities

It included the municipalities of:
* Suva Reka
* Orahovac
* Prizren
* Gora

## Culture and history

The Church of Our Lady of Ljeviš, in Prizren, is the endowment of King Milutin, along with the Archbishop Sava III. It was built in 1307.
Prizren is also distinguished by other churches, such as: the Church of Holy Salvation (est. 1348), the Church of St. Nicholas (est. 1332), the Church of Prince Marko (est. 1371), and Assembly Church of St. George from the second half of the 19th century.
In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, during Ottoman rule, mosques, hammams, and madrasas flowered throughout Prizren and its surroundings. The Mosque of Bajrakli Gazi Mehmed-Pasha is the earliest establishment of Islamic architecture in Prizren. It was built in 1561, and still safeguards books in Arabic and Ottoman Turkish to this day, including a Kuran from 1312.
# Music (311 album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Music is the debut studio album by American rock band 311. It was released on February 9, 1993. "Do You Right" was released as a single. The album was certified gold in 1999 by the RIAA, having sold over 500,000 copies.

## Background

There are only five tracks that were not included on 311's previous independent releases; "Visit", "Paradise", "Hydroponic", "My Stoney Baby", and "Fat Chance". However, all of the songs that had been previously released were altered, most notably "Do You Right", where nearly all of the lyrics were changed. SA also changed his main verses in "Freak Out", "Feels So Good" and "Fuck The Bullshit". The breakdown in "Plain" was completely changed musically, and the lyrics were re-arranged. The first pressing was originally manufactured and distributed by "Warner Bros. Records Inc." and thus bears the "WB" logo in the bottom right corner. Later issues were manufactured and distributed by "RED" in 1994, "Mercury Records" in 1996 and most recently "Volcano". The song "My Stoney Baby" has been featured in the 2008 film Harold & Kumar Escape From Guantanamo Bay.

## Track listing

All songs written, recorded, and produced by Nick Hexum, Doug “SA” Martinez, Chad Sexton, Aaron “P-Nut” Wills, Tim Mahoney, and Eddy Offord.
(Except “Raga Drop [feat. Daddy Freddy],” written, recorded, and produced by Nick Hexum, Doug “SA” Martinez, Eddy Offord, and Daddy Freddy.)
2023 Reissue Tracklist

## Personnel

Credits adapted from album's liner notes.

### 311

* Nick Hexum – lead vocals, guitar, percussion
* SA Martinez – lead and background vocals
* Chad Sexton – drums, percussion
* Tim Mahoney – lead guitar
* Aaron Wills – bass

### Guest Musicians

* Daddy Freddy – vocals on "Nix Hex"

### Production

* Eddy Offord – producer, engineer
* Mike Geiser – assistant engineer
* Scott Ralston – assistant engineer
* Joe Gastwirt – mastering

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# AM-906

AM-906 (part of the AM cannabinoid series) is an analgesic drug which is a cannabinoid agonist. It is conformationally restricted by virtue of the double bond on its side chain, leading an increased affinity for and selectivity between CB$_1$ and CB$_2$ receptors. It is a potent and selective agonist for the CB$_1$ cannabinoid receptor, with a K$_i$ of 0.8 nM at CB$_1$ and 9.5 nM at CB$_2$, a selectivity of almost 12x.
The corresponding E or trans isomer is AM-905.
# Alyosha Karamazov

Alexei Fyodorovich Karamazov (Russian: Алексей Карамазов), usually referred to simply as Alyosha, is the protagonist in the 1880 novel The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky. He is the youngest of the Karamazov brothers, being nineteen years old at the start of the novel. The preface and the opening chapter proclaim him as the hero. Dostoevsky intended to write a sequel, which would detail the rest of Alyosha's life, but died shortly after the publication of The Brothers Karamazov.
At the outset of the story Alyosha is a novice in the local monastery. In this way Alyosha's beliefs act as a counterbalance to his brother Ivan's atheism. He is sent out into the world by his Elder and subsequently becomes embroiled in the sordid details of his family's life. He becomes acquainted with, and later engaged to, a young girl named Liza (or Lise) Khokhlakov, daughter to a confidante of Katerina Ivanovna's. Later on in the novel, Lise sinks into depression and self-hatred, spurning her lover and crushing her finger in a door. Alyosha is also involved in a side story in which he befriends a group of school boys whose fate adds a hopeful message to the conclusion of an otherwise tragic novel. Alyosha's place in the novel is usually that of a messenger or witness to the actions of his brothers and others. He is very close to Dmitri.
Alyosha is depicted as a positive character, kind, loving and sensitive. Predrag Cicovacki states that Alyosha, like Prince Myshkin, the protagonist in another Dostoyevsky novel, The Idiot, are almost Jesus-like characters, who are nevertheless unable to prevent the suffering of those around them. He suggests that as a witness or messenger, Alyosha is not a true moral agent, playing a passive role in the events of the novel.

## Concept and creation

Alyosha is named after Dostoevsky's son of the same name, who was born in 1875 but died in 1878 of epilepsy. Because of this Dostoevsky imbued Alyosha with qualities and characteristics which he sought and most admired, including that of Jesus Christ. Dostoevsky is believed to have based the character of Alyosha on his friend, Vladimir Solovyov, a Russian philosopher and poet who led a generous life, to the point of giving away his clothes to people in the street.

## Portrayals

* Hermann Thimig is the first actor to play Alyosha in film in 1915's The Brothers Karamazov directed by Victor Tourjansky, now a lost film.
* Italian actor Carlo Conso portrayed the character in the 1947 Italian film I fratelli Karamazoff
* Canadian-American actor William Shatner portrays Alyosha in the 1958 American film adaptation.
* Russian actor Andrey Myagkov in the Soviet 1969 adaptation.
* Russian actor Aleksandr Golubev portrayed Alyosha in the 2009 Russian TV miniseries Bratya Karamazovy.
# 1996–1997 Bulgarian protests

The 1996–1997 Bulgarian protests or the Videnov winter, also known as the Bulgarian winter or the January events was a wave of violent demonstrations and strikes nationwide in Bulgaria for a month from December 1996 to January 1997, fuelled by devaluation of the economic and economic turmoil, which saw inflation rise to 300%. Countrywide and weekly demonstrations continued demanding the resignation of the BSP government of Zhan Videnov. Nationwide strikes escalated into violence as protesters even stormed government buildings. On 21 January, Zhan Videnov resigned despite further social unrest and widespread protests throughout Sofia and long acts of protest nationwide.

## Timeline

* 21–23 December 1996: During the XLIV congress of the BSP, Jean Videnov announces his resignation as prime minister and leader of the party, due to the economic crisis. Georgi Parvanov is elected chairman of the party.
* 28 December 1996: The Bulgarian Parliament accepts Videnov's resignation.
* 8 January 1997 The Democratic Left parliamentary group nominates interior minister Nikolay Dobrev to succeed Videnov.
* 10 January 1997: Incumbent President Zhelyu Zhelev refuses to grant the first mandate for government formation to the largest parliamentary group (Democratic Left). Protesters in Sofia surround and storm the building of the National Assembly. Police disperse the protesters, leaving tens of people injured.
* 22 January 1997: Petar Stoyanov takes office as the second President of Bulgaria.
* 28 January 1997: In accordance with the Constitution, President Stoyanov grants the first mandate for government formation to the Democratic Left.
* 4 February 1997: BSP leader Parvanov and PM candidate Dobrev return the mandate with a proposed government. The president refuses to accept it and summons a National Security Consultative Council later that day, where the BSP are convinced to return the mandate and a new election is scheduled.
* 12 February 1997: President Stoyanov appoints an interim government, led by Sofia mayor Stefan Sofiyanski. One of the first decisions it takes is implementing a Currency board and applies for NATO membership.
# WDKW

WDKW (95.7 FM) is a broadcast radio station licensed to Maryville, Tennessee, serving Knoxville, Tennessee. WDKW is owned and operated by Midwest Communications, Inc. Owner is Duke Wright and current General Manager Michael Brody.

## History

This station received its original construction permit from the Federal Communications Commission on August 11, 1988. The new station was assigned the call sign WYNQ by the FCC on August 18, 1988. The station, still under construction, applied for a new call sign as was granted WGAP-FM on January 11, 1990. WGAP-FM received its license to cover from the FCC on December 21, 1990.
In November 1996, Gateway Broadcasting Corporation reached an agreement to sell this station to WGAP Broadcasting Corporation. The deal was approved by the FCC on December 2, 1996, and the transaction was consummated on January 1, 1997.
In January 1999, WGAP Broadcasting Corporation reached an agreement to sell this station to Sounth Central Communications Corporation. The deal was approved by the FCC on January 29, 1999, and the transaction was consummated on February 25, 1999. The new owners had the FCC change the call sign to WTXM on April 16, 1999, and again to WTXM-FM on August 23, 2000. To accompany a format change to adult hits and a "Jack FM" branding, the station's call sign was changed to WQJK on October 28, 2005. WRJK simulcast WQJK until 2012. On August 13, 2012, WQJK flipped to Top 40 as "95.7 Power FM"
At midnight EDT on October 14, 2013, WQJK became WVRX and picked up the active rock format formerly on WNFZ, branding itself as "95-7 The X". WVRX simulcasted on WNFZ until November 1. On November 1, ownership of WNFZ was returned to John W. Pirkle and that station switched to News/Talk.
It was announced on May 28, 2014, that Midwest Communications will purchase 9 of the 10 stations owned by South Central Communications. (This includes WVRX along with sister stations WIMZ-FM & WJXB-FM) With this purchase, Midwest Communications will expand its portfolio of stations to Evansville, Knoxville and Nashville. The sale was finalized on September 2, 2014, at a price of $72 million.
On May 7, 2015 at 3 p.m., after firing the entire air staff, WVRX flipped to classic country as "95.7 Duke FM". On May 19, 2015, WVRX changed callsigns to WDKW.
# Auckland Business Chamber

The Auckland Business Chamber (known as the Auckland Chamber of Commerce until 2018), is a New Zealand business network representing the interests of businesses in the Auckland region. It is a non-governmental organisation.

## History

The Chamber was founded in 1856, at a meeting of merchants on 24 January, during a period of economic depression. Active in the 1860s, the Chamber floundered somewhat before an 1869 reorganisation that opened its ranks to a wider variety of merchants, on an annual subscription basis.
Following its inception it focused on issues ranging from remedying trade abuses and obtaining adequate facilities for businesses, to standardization of grain weights and simplifying the customs tariff.
Michael Barnett was the chief executive and spokesperson for the Chamber from 1991 until 2022.

## Activities and services

The Chamber provides support to businesses, hosts events and training courses, and publishes business-related information. It advocates to government on behalf of its members.
# Synuchus impunctatus

Synuchus impunctatus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Thomas Say in 1823.
# Synuchus pallidulus

Synuchus pallidulus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Habu in 1978.
# Juan Carlos Núñez Armas

Juan Carlos Núñez Armas (born 15 May 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the State of Mexico's 26th district during the 59th session of Congress.
He also served as municipal president of Toluca from 2000 to 2003.
# Synuchus sichuanensis

Synuchus sichuanensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Kirschenhofer in 1997.
# Synuchus sikkimensis

Synuchus sikkimensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Andrewes in 1934.
# Synuchus yasumatsui

Synuchus yasumatsui is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Habu in 1955.
# Altair, São Paulo

Altair is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 4,186 (2020 est.) in an area of 313.86 km$^2$. The neighboring municipalities are Icém to the north and Olímpia to the east.

## Media

In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012.
The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).
# Ruslan Suanov (footballer, born 1997)

Ruslan Ruslanovich Suanov (Russian: Руслан Русланович Суанов; born 13 October 1997) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg on 10 May 2016 in a game against FC Fakel Voronezh.

## Personal

His father, also called Ruslan Suanov, also was a professional footballer.
# Nebria jockischii

Nebria jockischii is a species in the beetle family Carabidae. It is found in Europe.

## Subspecies

These four subspecies belong to the species Nebria jockischii:
* Nebria jockischii bolivari Jeanne, 1966 (Spain)
* Nebria jockischii hoepfneri Dejean, 1826 (Europe)
* Nebria jockischii jockischii Sturm, 1815 (Europe)
* Nebria jockischii orensis Breit, 1914 (Spain)
The species Nebria hornschuchi Sturm, 1826, Nebria merkliana Apfelbeck, 1904, Nebria nigricornis Villa, 1833, and Nebria parreyssii Chaudoir, 1843 are now considered taxonomic synonyms of the subspecies Nebria jockischii hoepfneri.
# Robert William Alexander

Robert William Alexander was an Irish writer (usual pen name: Joan Butler) (21 November 1905 - 17 December 1979). With regard to the novels he wrote, under the pen name of Joan Butler, Alexander developed a funny style which echoed that of such authors as Thorne Smith and P. G. Wodehouse

## Biography

Robert was born on 21 November 1905, in his family's house at Railway Avenue, Sutton, County Dublin, some 12 km northeast of the city center. Robert's father was an electrical engineer who worked with the Great Northern Railway (Ireland). The company ran the Hill of Howth Tramway, which ran between Sutton and Howth railway station, which opened in 1901. The Alexanders were the first family to take possession of one of the houses built by the company for the engineers, in Railway Avenue. The family remained settled there during Robert's (Bobby's) youth. Robert was the fourth son and the youngest child. Mary was the eldest, and John (Jack) and Ellen Christina (Eileen) followed later. Their parents, James and Ellen, were born in Waterford and moved to Dublin when they married.

## List of published works

* As Joan Butler
** The Light Lover, 1929
** The Heavy Husband, 1930
** Unnatural Hazards, 1931
** Monkey Business, 1932
** Bed and Breakfast, 1933
** High Pressure, 1934
** Mixed Pickle, 1934
** Trouble Brewing, 1935
** Team Work, 1936
** Half Shot, 1937
** Something Rich, 1937
** Half Holiday, 1938
** Lost Property, 1938
** Happy Christmas!, 1939
** All Found, 1940
** Cloudy Weather, 1940
** Ground Bait, 1941
** Sun Spots, 1942
** Shirty Work, 1943
** Fresh Heir, 1944
** Low Spirits, 1945
** Rapid Fire, 1945
** Double Figures, 1946
** Full House, 1947
** The Old Firm, 1947
** Loving Cup, 1948
** Heat Haze, 1949
** Sheet Lightning, 1950
** Strictly Speaking, 1950
** Soothing Syrup, 1951
** Deep Freeze, 1952
** Set Fair, 1952
** Gilt Edged, 1953
** Lucky Dip, 1953
** Landed Gentry, 1954
** Paper Money, 1954
** All Change, 1955
** Space to Let, 1955
** Bridal Suite, 1956
** Inside Work, 1956
** Ready Cash, 1957
** Home Run, 1958
* As Robert William Alexander
** Black Pearl, 1926
** The Path of the Sun, 1927
** Trail's End, 1934
** Mariner's Rest, 1943
** Back to Nature, 1945
** Rustler's Trail, 1955
** The Killing at Broken Wheel, 1958
* As Ralph Temple
** Cuckoo Time, 1944
** Head Piece, 1953
# List of Punjabi films of 2001

This is a list of Panjabi films of 2001.

## List of films

* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
| Title | Director | Cast (Subject of documentary) | Genre | Release date |
| Asoo Billa | | Nargis, Shaan, Saud, Shafqat Cheema | | |
| Allah Badshah | | Saima, Shaan, Babur | | |
| Badmash | | Sana, Saud, Noor | | |
| Badmash Gujjar | | Saima, Shaan Shahid, Nirma, Moammar Rana | | |
| Badmash Puttar | | Saima, Shaan, Saud | | |
| Chan Puttar | | Shehzadi, Sardar Mohammad | | |
| Dil Kach Da Khadona | | Saiam, Moamar, Resham | | |
| Gujjar 302 | | Saima, Shaan, Nozo | | |
| Ghunda Tax | | Saima, Shaan, Reema | | |
| Hamayun Gujjar | Pervez Rana | Shaan, Moammar Rana, Saima Noor, Panna | Action, Drama | August 31 |
| Ik Din Sher Da | | Shezadi, Azam Jahangir | | |
| Ik Jagga Hor | | Saima, Shafqat Cheema | | |
| Jagira | Sukhjinder Shera | Sukhjinder Shera, Gugni Gill, B.N. Sharma | | |
| Khalsa Mero Roop Hai Khaas | Shyam Ralhan | Aaisha Jhulka, Avinash Wadhwan, Paramvir, Raymon Singh, Pramod Mouthu | | |
| Makha Jat | | Sana, Shaan, Babur | | |
| Mehar Badshah | | Sana, Shaan, Yousuf | | |
| Mera Mahi | | Reema, Saud, Sana | | |
| Mukhra Chan Warga | | Sana, Saud, Noor | | |
| Nizam Lohar | | Sana, Saud, Noor | | |
| Shehnshah | | Saima, Shaan, Nawaz | | |
| Sher-e-Lahore | | Saima, Shaan, Moamar | | |
| Sikandera | | Guggu Gill, Preeti Sapru, Yograj Singh, Bhagwant Mann, Deepika Singh, Malkit Singh Nahal | | |
# Agonidium fuscicorne

Agonidium fuscicorne is a species in the beetle family Carabidae. It is found in Africa.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Agonidium fuscicorne:
* Agonidium fuscicorne fuscicorne (Guérin-Méneville, 1847) (Yemen, Eritrea, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo)
* Agonidium fuscicorne venustulum (Basilewsky, 1946) (Burkina Faso)
# O-1812

O-1812 is an eicosanoid derivative related to anandamide that acts as a potent and highly selective agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB$_1$, with a K$_i$ of 3.4 nM at CB$_1$ and 3870 nM at CB$_2$. Unlike most related compounds, O-1812 is metabolically stable against rapid breakdown by enzymes, and produces a cannabinoid-like discriminative effect in rats, which is similar but not identical to that produced by cannabinoid drugs of other chemical classes.
# Embassy of Germany, Tel Aviv

The Embassy of Germany in Tel Aviv is Germany's diplomatic mission to Israel.

## Location and functions

Since April 2022, the embassy is located at 2 Hashlosha Street, Tel Aviv. The embassy is also home to a consulate, various departments and a military attaché.
The embassy formerly was located at 3 Daniel Frisch Street, Tel Aviv.

## List of ambassadors

* 1965–1968 Rolf Friedemann Pauls
* 1968–1971 Karl Hermann Knoke
* 1971–1974 Jesco von Puttkamer
* 1974–1977 Per Fischer
* 1977–1981 Klaus Schütz
* 1981–1985 Niels Hansen
* 1985–1990 Wilhelm Haas
* 1990–1993 Otto von der Gablentz
* 1993–1996 Franz Bertele
* 1996–2000 Theodor Wallau
* 2000–2005 Rudolf Dreßler
* 2006–2011 Harald Kindermann
* 2011–2015 Andreas Michaelis
* 2015–2018 Clemens von Goetze
* 2018–2022: Susanne Wasum-Rainer
* since August 2022: Steffen Seibert
# Little Picacho Wilderness

The Little Picacho Wilderness is a 38,214-acre (15,465 ha) wilderness area under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management. The wilderness is found in a southeast extension of the Chocolate Mountains adjacent to the Colorado River, in the southeastern part of California. It should not be confused with the Picacho Peak Wilderness which is located to the northeast.
At elevations ranging from 200 to 1,500 feet (100 to 500 m), the wilderness is home to the Picacho wild horse, which roams the northwestern 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) part of the wilderness. The wilderness provides habitat for wild burro, desert tortoise, spotted bat and desert bighorn sheep.
The Little Picacho Wilderness is one of a number of federally protected areas located north of Yuma, Arizona and south of Blythe, California in the Lower Colorado River Valley.