OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Heights (Middlebury, Vermont)

The Heights, also known as the Thaddeus Chapman House is a historic country estate on Vermont Route 30 (South Street) in Middlebury, Vermont. Developed in the 1870s and 1880s, the property is one of the finest estates of the period in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

## Description and history

The Heights is located on the southwestern outskirts of the village of Middlebury, beyond the main campus of Middlebury College and West Cemetery, on the west side of Vermont Route 30 opposite the college's athletic complex. It was developed beginning in 1870 by Thaddeus Chapman, a prominent local businessman in the lumber industry. The 40-acre (16 ha) estate is lined at the road with trees and a hedgerow, with a long tree-lined drive angling westward toward the main house. Meadows extend on either side of the drive, and the rear portion of the estate is wooded, with the central area near the house more formally designed. In addition to the main house, there are a number of period outbuildings, including a carriage barn, children's playhouse, springhouse, and gas house. Northwest of the house is a terraced sunken garden.
The main house is a large 2+1⁄2-story brick building, built in 1870 and significantly restyled in 1887 to designs by the noted local architect Clinton Smith. Its exterior and interior are both richly decorated in the then-fashionable Queen Anne style. The playhouse, about 100 feet (30 m) north of the house, is a modest single-story wood-frame structure, built by Thaddeus Chapman for his daughters about 1887. The carriage barn is a multisection structure, its oldest portion dating to 1870, that originally held spaces for horses and carriages, and was later expanded to include a garage and shed.
# Magna Carta Cartel

Magna Carta Cartel (MCC) is a Swedish alternative rock band, formed in Linköping in 2006.

## History

The band's first EP Valiant Visions Dawn was released in 2008. In the fall of 2009 Magna Carta Cartel released their debut album Goodmorning Restrained.
In March 2017, Martin Persner revealed that for seven years he has participated in the band Ghost (whose primary songwriter was Tobias Forge, a former member of MCC) under the name "Omega" and will now instead shake up his former band, Magna Carta Cartel. In May 2017, the band made a comeback with the release of the EP The Demon King.
In September 2018, they released the single "The Sun & The Rain".
Their second studio album The Dying Option was released on 10 June 2022. The Swedish singer Karolina Engdahl is featured on the closing track "The Dying Option" and Tobias Forge is co-writer on the tracks "Savantgarde" and "Valkyria".

## Band members

Members
* Martin Persner – lead vocals, guitars
* Pär Glendor – guitars, keyboards
* Arvid Persner – drums, guitars
* Niels Nielsen – guitars, keyboards
Former members
* Simon Söderberg – guitars, vocals
* Tobias Forge – guitars, bass

## Discography
### Albums

* Goodmorning Restrained (2009)
* THE DYING OPTION (2022)

### EPs

* Valiant Visions Dawn EP (2008)
* The Demon King EP (2017)
# 1960 NCAA University Division cross country championships

The 1960 NCAA University Divisions Cross Country Championships were the 22nd annual cross country meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate cross country running in the United States. Held on November 21, 1960, the meet was hosted by Michigan State University at the Forest Akers East Golf Course in East Lansing, Michigan. The distance for the race was 4 miles (6.4 kilometers).
All NCAA University Division members were eligible to qualify for the meet. In total, 12 teams and 99 individual runners contested this championship.
The team national championship was won by the Houston Cougars, their first. The individual championship was retained by Al Lawrence, also from Houston, with a time of 19:28.44.

## Men's title

* Distance: 4 miles (6.4 kilometers)

### Team Result

| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Houston | 54 |
| | Michigan State | 80 |
| | Western Michigan | 84 |
| 4 | Penn State | 104 |
| 5 | Colorado State | 118 |
| 6 | Army | 173 |
| 7 | Air Force | 181 |
| 8 | Iowa | 182 |
| 9 | Miami (OH) | 233 |
| 10 | Notre Dame | 252 |
| 11 | Alfred | 260 |
| 12 | Texas | 275 |
# Wenzel Fuchs

Wenzel Maria Fuchs (born 1963 in Innsbruck, Austria) is an Austrian clarinetist.
He studied clarinet at the Innsbruck Conservatory with Walter Kefer and at the Vienna Music Academy with Peter Schmidl. He has performed with the Vienna State Opera, the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, the Vienna Volksoper, and the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra.
Fuchs became clarinet soloist of the Vienna Volksoper at the age of 19 and five years later solo clarinetist of the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra, and was appointed solo clarinetist of the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra in 1993.
Wenzel Fuchs holds a professorship at the Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin, since October 2008 and teaches in the Berliner Philharmoniker’s Orchestra Academy. He has been a guest professor at Sakuyou Music University in Okayama, Japan holds an honorary professorship at the Shanghai Conservatory, and gives master classes all over the world.
Fuchs is a member of the Berlin Philharmonic Wind Soloists ensemble, the Berlin Philharmonic Octet ensemble, the Philarmonische Freunde Wien-Berlin ensemble, Berliner Philarmonisches Bläserensemble, the Metropolis Ensemble, and the Super World Orchestra.
Wenzel Fuchs has been awarded a Prize of the Austrian Ministry for Science and Art and several prizes in the German national youth competition "Jugend musiziert".

## Discography

* Martinu, Nielsen, Koechlin: Serenade, with the Baborák Ensemble. Supraphon SU 3998-2, June 2009.
* Reger: Clarinet Quintet, Op. 146 and String Quartet, Op. 109, with the Berlin Philarmonia Quartet. NAXOS, 8.554510, 2001.
# Thompson Falls Hydroelectric Dam Historic District

Thompson Falls Hydroelectric Dam Historic District is an 80 acres (32 ha) historic district in Thompson Falls which includes six contributing buildings. It is located on the Clark Fork River, on alternate U.S. Route 10, within the northwestern part of Thompson Falls at the Thompson Falls Dam.
It includes the St. Lukes Hospital, a two-story frame building built in 1910, which was the first community hospital in Thompson Falls.
# Gideon Olin

Gideon Olin (November 2, 1743 – January 21, 1823) was an American politician. He served as a United States representative from Vermont.

## Biography

Olin was born in East Greenwich in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations to John and Susannah Pierce Olin. He received limited schooling and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He moved to Vermont and settled in Shaftsbury in 1776, becoming one of the founders of Vermont.
Olin was a delegate to the Windsor Convention in 1777, which enacted the constitution that formed the Vermont Republic. He was a member of the Vermont House of Representatives in 1778, 1780 to 1793, and in 1799, serving as Speaker from 1788 to 1793.
During the American Revolutionary War, Olin was appointed Major in the Second Regiment under Colonels Samuel Herrick and Ebenezer Walbridge, and served on the frontier. After the war, he served as an assistant judge of the Bennington County Court from 1781 to 1798. He was a delegate to the state constitutional convention in 1791 and 1793, and a member of the Governor’s council from 1793 to 1798.
Olin was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1803 to March 3, 1807. He served as chief justice of the Bennington county court from 1807 to 1811, and was a founder of the University of Vermont. After leaving office, he resumed agricultural pursuits.

## Family life

Olin married Patience Dwinnell on December 13, 1768. He later married Lydia Myers Pope and they had five children.
Olin was the uncle of Henry Olin. Both Abram Baldwin Olin and Henry Olin served as United States Representatives in the 19th century.

## Death

Olin died in Shaftsbury, Vermont on January 21, 1823, and is interred at Center Shaftsbury Cemetery in Shaftsbury, Vermont.
# Tiftonia, Tennessee

Tiftonia (Lookout Valley) is a neighborhood of Chattanooga, Tennessee and a former unincorporated community in Hamilton County, Tennessee. It is located in the western portion of the city along Interstate 24 and US Routes 11, 41, 64, and 72.
Lookout Valley is the oldest part of Hamilton County, having been established in the late 1790s and early 1800s. In fact, the oldest house in Hamilton County is located within the community, that of John Brown's Ferry Tavern.

## Education

Schools in Tiftonia/Lookout Valley are a part of Hamilton County Schools:
* Lookout Valley Elementary
* Lookout Valley Middle and High School
# 1966 NCAA indoor track and field championships

The 1966 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested March 11−12, 1966 at the Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan at the second annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate University Division indoor track and field events in the United States.
Kansas topped the team standings, finishing one point ahead of USC. It was the Jayhawks' first title in program history.

## Qualification

Unlike other NCAA-sponsored sports, there were not separate University Division and College Division championships for indoor track and field until 1985. As such, all athletes and teams from University and College Division programs were eligible to compete.

## Team standings

* Note: Top 10 only
| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Kansas | 14 |
| | USC | 13 |
| | Central State (OH) Nebraska | 12 |
| 5 | Kansas State Oklahoma | 91⁄2 |
| 7 | Morgan State Villanova | 9 |
| 9 | Georgetown Washington State | 8 |
# Titletown District

The Titletown District, also known as the Titletown Entertainment District or simply Titletown, is a mixed-use development located on 45 acres (18 ha) of land adjacent to Lambeau Field in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin. The district, which opened in 2017, was developed by the Green Bay Packers as a destination that will support tourism by providing year-round activities for local residents and tourists, gameday activities, as well as provide a local shopping and entertainment destination. The district, which includes a 10-acre (4.0 ha) park and plaza, is anchored by a Hinterland Brewery, a Lodge Kohler hotel, a sledding hill, and a Bellin Health clinic. In November 2018, Titletown opened a seasonal ice rink and ice lounge.

## History

The Packers announced the project in August 2015, describing Titletown as "one of the most aggressive real estate developments in all of professional sports" and projecting that the first phase of construction would be complete by the beginning of the 2017 NFL season. Before the construction project broke ground, the Packers indicated that they were already looking at expanding the project to include more townhouses. Local businesses expressed cautious optimism about the potential economic impact of the new development on businesses in the rest of Green Bay. The hotel and sports medicine clinic opened in the summer of 2017, while a seasonal skating rink and the Ariens Hill tubing run opened in November of that year.
Plans for Phase 2 were announced by the Packers on October 3, 2018. The plan will add the residential and office elements to the project including up to 150 apartment building units, 70–90 townhomes available for ownership and 130,000 square feet of mixed-use office space above retail and restaurant space in a four- to five-story building. The Ashwaubenon village board unanimously approved the plan on December 18, 2018. Construction will begin in the spring of 2019, and by the summer of 2020, the office building and some of the first residences are expected to be finished. Residential developers are Titletown Development in conjunction with GK Titletown Developers, LLC. The apartment unit developers are NBBJ with Humphreys and Partners Architects serving as architect of record. The townhome architects are KTGY Architecture + Planning. Commercial Horizons will design the office building with architecture firm Performa, Inc.
# Richard S. Aldrich

Richard Steere Aldrich (February 29, 1884 – December 25, 1941) was an American politician. He was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and served in the Rhode Island State Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives.

## Early life and education

Aldrich was born in Washington, D.C., where his father, Nelson W. Aldrich, was serving in Congress. He was raised in Providence, Rhode Island and attended the public schools. He graduated from Hope Street High School in Providence in 1902, from Yale University in 1906, and from Harvard Law School in 1909.
In 1911, he was admitted to the bar and began the practice of law in New York City. He returned to Providence in 1913, and continued practicing law.

## Political career

He moved to Warwick, Rhode Island and became involved in politics and was a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1914 to 1916, and served in the Rhode Island Senate from 1916 to 1918. In July 1923 he became a member of the Rhode Island Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.
Aldrich was elected as a Republican candidate to the Sixty-eighth Congress and to the four succeeding Congresses, serving from March 4, 1923, to March 3, 1933. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1932. While in Congress, he spoke out against the Immigration Act of 1924, that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country.
After leaving Congress, he resumed his legal career in Providence until his death there on December 25, 1941. He is interred in Swan Point Cemetery in Providence.

## Family prominence

Aldrich was born into a family descended from John Winthrop, William Wickenden, Roger Williams and John Steere.
He was the son of Nelson W. Aldrich and Abby Pearce Chapman. His father was a leader of the Republican Party in the Senate, where he served from 1881 to 1911.
His sister Abigail Greene "Abby" Aldrich was a philanthropist who married financer and philanthropist John Davison Rockefeller Jr., and their second son Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller was a four-term Governor of New York who campaigned for the Republican presidential nomination in 1960, 1964, and 1968, and was named Vice President of the United States under President Gerald Ford by the Congress in 1974.
His brother was Winthrop Williams Aldrich, who served as chairman of the Chase National Bank. His nephew David Rockefeller would eventually become the chairman.

## Personal life

Aldrich married Janet Innis White on April 30, 1921. Their son was also named Richard Steere Aldrich.
# AN/ALE-55 fiber-optic towed decoy

The AN/ALE-55 Fiber-Optic Towed Decoy, or ALE-55, is an RF (Radio Frequency) countermeasure under development by BAE Systems Electronic Solutions for the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet.

## Overview

The ALE-55 is an RF countermeasure designed to protect an aircraft from radar-guided missiles. It consists of an aircraft-towed decoy and onboard electronics. It works together with the aircraft's electronic warfare system to provide radar jamming. In addition, it can also be used in a backup mode as a signal repeater, which allows it to lure incoming missiles away from their actual target. It is currently in use with the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, but can be adapted to a wide variety of platforms with minimal modification.

## Defensive techniques

The ALE-55 provides three layers of defensive jamming against a radar-based threat: preventing radars from tracking, breaking radar locks, and acting as a target for incoming missiles.

### Suppression

The system detects a threat radar in its acquisition mode and tries to prevent it from locking by using jamming techniques. The onboard electronic warfare package analyzes the threat, while the towed decoy emits the jamming signals to confuse the tracking radar.

### Deflection

In the case that a radar obtains a lock on the aircraft or decoy system, the electronics on board the aircraft analyze the emissions and then determine the optimum jamming technique to break the radar lock. The jamming is done by the decoy. The ALE-55 also possesses the useful ability to send out multiple jamming frequencies if more than one radar is locked on to the decoy or aircraft.

### Seduction

When a missile launch is detected, indicated by the difference in radar signal and type, the ALE-55 runs a last resort attempt to protect the aircraft towing it. This last resort is becoming the target, rather than the aircraft, by trying to jam the missile or simulating the aircraft's radar signature.

## Components

The ALE-55 consists of two components. An onboard signal conditioning assembly and fiber optic towed decoys.
The onboard electric frequency converter analyzes radar signals detected by the plane's electronic warfare system and calculates an appropriate jamming and spoofing signal, which is then transmitted to the FOTD through a fiber optic cable.
The towed decoy has dual high power traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) to allow for enough power to protect large aircraft. It is launched with the Raytheon Integrated Multi-Platform Launch Controller (IMPLC), which it shares with the towed ALE-50. A braking system allows for fast deployment.

## Operators
### Australia

* Royal Australian Air Force

### United States

* United States Navy

### Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

* Royal Saudi Air Force
# 1969 NCAA indoor track and field championships

The 1969 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested March 14−15, 1969 at Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan at the fifth annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate indoor track and field events in the United States.
Kansas topped the team standings, finishing eight-and-a-half points ahead of defending champions Villanova; it was the Jayhawks' second indoor team title.

## Qualification

Unlike other NCAA-sponsored sports, there were not separate University Division and College Division championships for indoor track and field until 1985. As such, all athletes and teams from University and College Division programs were eligible to compete.

## Team standings

* Note: Top 10 only
* $^{(DC)}$ = Defending Champions
* Full results
| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Kansas | 351⁄3 |
| | Villanova $^{(DC)}$ | 25 |
| | San Jose State | 17 |
| 4 | USC Tennessee | 151⁄3 |
| 6 | Nebraska | 121⁄3 |
| 7 | Harvard Michigan State | 11 |
| 9 | BYU Kansas State | 8 |
# Thierry Despont

Thierry Guy Despont (19 April 1948 – 13 August 2023) was a French architect, artist and designer who lived and worked in New York City.
During the 1980s, he was the associate architect for the restoration of the Statue of Liberty. He then went on to remodel the Herbert N. Straus House at 9 East 72nd Street on Manhattan's Upper East Side for the billionaire Leslie Wexner of Limited Inc. fame (a home which later gained additional notoriety as the abode of Jeffrey Epstein).
Among the high-profile buildings in Manhattan he had designed the interiors for are 220 Central Park South, 53W53 (the interiors of the condominiums), and the Woolworth Building.
In the early 2000s, he designed the interiors for Gordon Ramsay's restaurant, the eponymous Gordon Ramsay at Claridge's in London. In 2005 he did alterations to The Promenade restaurant at the Dorchester, including fitting it with an oval leather bar the length of Nelson's Column. Between 2007 and 2010, he renovated the Lambs Club's former clubhouse in New York City into the Chatwal New York hotel.
In 2009, Despont redesigned the two restaurants and the bar Il Pricipe at the Hotel Principe di Savoia in Milan, Italy. Despont worked on the physical conversion of a section of the Battery Maritime Building in Lower Manhattan, into the 47 suite luxury hotel Casa Cipriani, which opened in late 2021.
Despont was known for being "the designer of choice for titans of industry," to cite his obituary in Architectural Digest. His clients included Bill Gates, Calvin Klein, Jayne Wrightsman, Annette and Oscar de la Renta, Conrad Black, Leslie Wexner, Peggy and Mickey Drexler, and Peter Morton. "To be successful at my job, one must be very good at understanding not only a client's needs, but also a client's dreams and memories," Despont told the journalist Nina Munk in 1999. "One must know where the client comes from and what they desire. Part of the craft is learning to read people, to see things they are sure about, the things they are unsure about; the things they don't convey verbally, but express through their surroundings."
He graduated from École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts and Harvard Graduate School of Design.
Thierry Despont died on 13 August 2023, at the age of 75.
# Ronald Caravan

Ronald Caravan (born November 20, 1946) is an American classical musician. He is a clarinetist, saxophonist, teacher, composer, and arranger.

## Early life and education

Caravan was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. He earned a Master of Arts in music theory in 1973 and the Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) in music education in 1974 from the Eastman School of Music. He also earned the performer's certificate on clarinet from the Eastman School (1974).

## Career

Most of Caravan's teaching career has been with the faculty of the Setnor School of Music at Syracuse University from 1980 to 2015, where he taught clarinet and saxophone and conducted the Syracuse University Saxophone Ensemble.
Caravan's published teaching materials include Preliminary Exercises & Etudes in Contemporary Techniques for Clarinet (Ethos Publications, 1979) and Preliminary Exercises & Etudes in Contemporary Techniques for Saxophone (Dorn Publications, 1980), both derived from his doctoral dissertation Extensions of Technique for Clarinet and Saxophone (1974), dealing with the study of multiphonics, quarter tones, and timbre variation. Some of his most noteworthy compositions for clarinet or saxophone use these extended techniques although several of his more conservative (and tonal) pieces for the single-reed instruments have gained wide popularity, especially his four sonatas for soprano (1984), baritone (1989), alto (2004), and tenor (2007) saxophones, which are based on traditional modes or variants thereof.
Caravan produces a line of saxophone mouthpieces generally based on the original mouthpiece design of Adolphe Sax, the instrument's inventor. These are marketed under the name Caravan Mouthpieces, which also includes a symphonic clarinet mouthpiece.
In addition to performing solo and chamber-music recitals on both clarinet and saxophone throughout his career, he has performed regularly with the Syracuse Symphony Orchestra (more recently named Symphoria) on both clarinet and saxophone. His saxophone chamber experience includes the Aeolian Saxophone Quartet and Saxophone Sinfonia, including concerts at the 1979 World Saxophone Congress and at Alice Tully Hall (1982).
# Ancistrocarpus

Ancistrocarpus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae.
Its native range is Nigeria to Western Central Tropical Africa.
Species:
* Ancistrocarpus bequaertii De Wild.
* Ancistrocarpus comperei R.Wilczek
* Ancistrocarpus densispinosus Oliv.