OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Bens

The Bens were a rock supergroup consisting of the trio, Ben Folds, Ben Kweller and Ben Lee, which toured for "the Bens Rock Over Australia tour" in 2003.

## History

Kweller described how the trio formed, "Well actually our fans noticed that we all had the same first name and had said for a long time wouldn't it be great if we all played together. So we thought, maybe we should do that. It would be fun and we were all friends going into it. It was just a cool spontaneous thing, you know." From 14 to 28 March 2003 they played nine concerts: Brisbane, Gold Coast, Newcastle, Sydney (twice), Canberra, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth. A proposed tenth show at a Melbourne shopping centre was cancelled.
Lee, Folds and Kweller each played individual sets at the concerts, however, at the beginning and end of each set, all three played several songs as a trio. Two performances were recorded live for the Live at the Wireless (the Melbourne concert) and Live at the Basement (one of the Sydney concerts) radio series. The group recorded a four-track self-titled extended play, which was initially only sold at venues, but was later released in Australia and overseas. It had been recorded in Nashville.
Several live tracks from the two radio recordings were included on the Japanese release. One track from the original EP, "Just Pretend", was listed on the Triple J Hottest 100, 2003. In 2003 they contributed a cover version of "Wicked Little Town" to Wig in a Box, a tribute album for the musical, Hedwig and the Angry Inch.
Though various combinations of the three members have toured together at various times, the trio have not reformed as a group, and have not recorded any more material. In a brief interview after a show in Raleigh, North Carolina, on 31 July 2010, Ben Kweller confirmed that the Bens would perform as a group on an upcoming European Tour.

## Reception

Jasper "Jaz" Lee of Oz Music Project opined that the EP's "songs have an inkling of different styles, each with a particular leaning... [they] are three great artists, each of different levels of maturity in their fields, and differing in the genre of their pursuits. Yet, apart from their mutual first names there seems to be a good connection between them that was witnessed both on stage and on this EP." AllMusic's MacKenzie Wilson felt "This little four-track gem is strictly for die-hard followers. Those who enjoy Kweller and Lee as artists should also enjoy the quirky pop selection. Folds is somewhat of a father figure to the younger Bens, and together their harmonies are matchless. Each comprises a dash of humor and innocence."

## Discography

* The Bens (EP, 2003)
* Wig in a Box (Compilation, 2003) - "Wicked Little Town"
# Walling

Walling is a method of torture used by the CIA in which a person's neck is encircled by a collar, and is then used to slam the person against a wall. According to information gathered by the International Committee of the Red Cross from six detainees, "walling" meant "beating by use of a collar", in at least one instance against a concrete wall.
Prompted to explain their interrogation techniques to the United States Department of Justice in 2005, the CIA provided a series of memos to the department's Office of Legal Counsel, one of which described "walling". The memo states that walling "involves the use of a flexible, false wall ... the interrogator pulls the individual forward and then quickly and firmly pushes the individual into the wall. It is the individual's shoulder blades that hit the wall. During this motion, the head and neck are supported with a rolled hood or towel".
Steven G. Bradbury, a Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General during the Bush administration, said that walling "involves what may be characterized as rough handling".
According to a report by the CIA Inspector General, Ammar al-Baluchi suffered brain damage after being used as a "training prop" for interrogators.
# Zimbabwean cricket team in the West Indies in 1999–2000

The Zimbabwe national cricket team toured the West Indies from March to April 2000 and played a two-match Test series against the West Indies cricket team which the West Indies won 2–0. Zimbabwe were captained by Andy Flower; the West Indies by Jimmy Adams.

## Test series summary
### First Test

* 16–20 March 2000 (5-day match) Scorecard
* West Indies won by 35 runs Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain Umpires: SA Bucknor (WI) and G Sharp (ENG) Player of the match: CEL Ambrose (WI)
* Zimbabwe won the toss and elected to field.
* Zimbabwe's target of 99 is the second-lowest target successfully defended in Test cricket history.
* CH Gayle and WW Hinds (both WI) and BA Murphy (ZIM) made their Test debuts.

### Second Test

* 24–28 March 2000 (5-day match) Scorecard
* West Indies won by 10 wickets Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica Umpires: Athar Zaidi (PAK) and EA Nicholls (WI) Player of the match: JC Adams (WI)
* Zimbabwe won the toss and elected to bat.
# Polyura andrewsi

Polyura andrewsi is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1900. It is endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean.
The original description reads More nearly related to C. pyrrhus from Amboina than to any other species of the genus, but altogether a far more smoky coloured insect on the upper surface; all the white markings on the primaries of C. pyrrhus are here represented by more or less. buff-coloured spots; the internal patch, bounded above by the second median branch, diffused, and more or less heavily irrorated. with black scales; the secondaries are much darker than in C. pyrrhus, the central whitish band more sharply defined, and almost always abruptly abbreviated, so that it rarely descends. below the second subcostal branch; the greyish-lavender markings of C. pyrrhus entirely wanting; the black outer border extended inwards, so as to cover nearly half the wing-surface; a submarginal ochreous band, broken by grey-greenish streaks, bordering the extremities of the nervures.
The pattern and colouring of the under-surface is much more like that of C. jupiter (from Duke of York Island, the Solomon Islands, and New Guinea); it differs, however, in the slenderness of all the black markings, the much smaller patch across the end of the discoidal cell of the primaries, and the much reduced, or wholly obliterated, patch below the cell; on the secondaries, the red patches are brighter and somewhat broader; the white submarginal spots are bordered externally with bluish-lavender, and the interrupted ochreous band is brighter and better defined; expanse of wings, male 87-92mm., female 106–112 mm.
It is now regarded as a subspecies of Polyura pyrrhus Polyura pyrrhus ssp. andrewsi Butler, 1900.
# Butts Spur Line

The Butts Spur was a freight railway line constructed around 1860 with the aim of linking Worcester Foregate Street railway station to Diglis where the Worcester and Birmingham canal joined the river Severn. From around 1892 the line was worked by a small wheeled 0-6-0 saddle tank locomotive No. 2007 constructed in Wolverhampton. It was hoped that goods arriving at Diglis from the river Severn would be transhipped to the railway. The line was used by Dent's factory and Stallards's distillery and brought cattle to the cattle market.
It descended from Foregate street station on a viaduct to the north side of the Worcester to Hereford rail line into a headshunt where the locomotive would reverse direction. The train continued its journey under the Worcester to Hereford railway viaduct via the east bank of the river Severn under Worcester bridge, at the time referred to as Gwynne's bridge, towards Worcester cathedral.
The line's construction did not achieve its aim of reaching Diglis, instead finishing adjacent to Dent's factory and Stallard's Distillery which at the time were located on South Quay. This was due Worcester cathedral authorities objecting to a railway running between the cathedral and River Severn. With the rebuilding of the Worcester road bridge in 1931, the track was truncated to the north side of the bridge. The line was closed and the track removed in 1957.
Traces of the line remain visible in the descending gradient of the viaduct arches which are currently used as commercial and storage units.
# Polylepis rugulosa

Polylepis rugulosa, the queñua, is a species of plant in the family Rosaceae. It is primarily found in the Andes region of South America in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. It is currently threatened by habitat loss.
This is a small tree, which is unable to grow more than 4 metres in height. It features a reddish-brown bark with brilliant compound leaves. The tree's fruit and flowers are generally unnoticeable since they are shrouded by the tree's foliage.
In the Andes of the Department of Tacna, Peru, the queñua tend to grow more on western slopes than on eastern ones.
The tree has traditionally been used for firewood and coal-making.

## Sources

* ↑ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Polylepis rugulosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T37152A10037017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T37152A10037017.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
* 1 2 Gutierrez Flores, Ivon; Sanga Franco, Marianela; Ticona Quispe, Pedro (2023). "Características estructurales y preferencias topográficas de rodales de Polylepis rugulosa según la exposición de las laderas en la región más árida del suroeste de los Andes peruanos" [Structural characteristics and topographic preferences of Polylepis rugulosa stands according to slope exposure in the most arid region of the southwestern Peruvian Andes]. Bosque (in Spanish). 44 (2): 363–376. doi:10.4067/s0717-92002023000200363.
Media related to Polylepis rugulosa at Wikimedia Commons
* This Rosoideae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# RAF Bawtry

Royal Air Force Bawtry or more simply RAF Bawtry is a former Royal Air Force station located at Bawtry Hall in Bawtry, South Yorkshire, England and was No. 1 Group RAF Bomber Command headquarters and administration unit during and following the Second World War.
Since the RAF vacated in 1986, the hall has been used by a variety of private enterprises.

## History

Bawtry Hall itself is a large redbrick house in two storeys with attics which was erected around 1785 by Pemberton Milnes, a prosperous wool-merchant from Wakefield, Yorkshire. It descended in the Milnes family for several generations before being sold to Major George Peake, a well-known amateur pilot, in 1905. It is a Grade II* listed building.
During the Second World War the RAF took it over and it became an RAF command centre in July 1941. RAF Bawtry did not have its own airfield but instead took advantage of RAF Bircotes, which was located nearby. Here the station based a number of communications aircraft.
Bawtry Hall served the Royal Air Force from 1941–1984; first as HQ for No. 1 Group, Bomber Command during and after the Second World War, then as HQ No. 1 Group as part of Strike Command up to and including the later stages of the Cold War. The famous bombing of the airfield at Port Stanley by Vulcan bombers from RAF Waddington during the Falklands War was co-ordinated from the operations room at Bawtry Hall.
RAF Bawtry became the centre of the RAF Meteorological Service for many years and ceased military operations in 1986. It was purchased by the Action Partners Corporation in the late 1980s.
No. 1 Group Bomber Command units based at RAF Bawtry comprised as follows: –
+data from:
During the Miners' Strike in the mid-1980s, police officers were based at RAF Bawtry to provide a central Operations and co-ordination point on the South Yorkshire / Nottinghamshire border.

## Present

The Air Training Corps 2008 Squadron is still located at the former site on Park Road in Bawtry, in a new building that replaced the former ones.
It was sold by Defence Estates in the mid 1980s to a Roger Byron-Collins company who owned Bawtry Hall for 3 years together with the nearby technical and domestic site at RAF Hemswell and the post war married quarters sites at RAF Finningley and RAF Scampton. Later the building was bought by Action Partners Corporation, a Christian organisation, and has been used as teaching and conference centre for the past 24 years.
The trustees had taken the decision to close the hall on 31 December 2013 and a buyer was being actively sought. The hall was sold in 2014 for £1.6 million to Bawtry Hall properties who would be moving various video gaming enterprises into the building.
# 1999 Alamo Bowl

The 1999 Alamo Bowl featured the Penn State Nittany Lions and the Texas A&M Aggies.
Derek Fox started the scoring for Penn State, with a 34-yard interception return for a touchdown. In the second quarter, quarterback Rashard Casey threw a 45-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Eddie Drummond. After a scoreless third quarter, Rashard Casey scored on a 4-yard run, to put Penn State up 21–0. Travis Forney then capped the game with a 39-yard field goal.
This game was a bright ending to what was an otherwise disappointing season for Penn State. Ranked #3 in the preseason polls, the team won their first nine games, including victories at #8 Miami and when hosting #4 Arizona. However, the Nittany Lions then lost their last three games by a combined 12 points, dropping them to fourth place in the Big Ten Conference. This was the only shutout bowl victory during Joe Paterno's tenure as head coach of Penn State. The only other bowl shutout for Penn State was a 7–0 defeat of Alabama in the 1959 Liberty Bowl.
The game was Penn State defensive coordinator Jerry Sandusky's last. It is also alleged that Sandusky engaged in sexual misconduct with a minor during the trip to the 1999 Alamo Bowl.
The 2007 Alamo Bowl was Penn State and Texas A&M's only other bowl meeting, where the Nittany Lions edged the Aggies, 24–17. Penn State and Texas A&M have also met twice during regular season play: the Aggies won 27–14 at Penn State in 1979, and the Lions won 25–9 in College Station in 1980.
# Adolescent Sex (song)

"Adolescent Sex" is a song by English new wave band Japan, released as a single from their debut album of the same name in 1978. It was the band's only single to chart in Europe outside of the UK and Ireland, as it was a top-40 hit in the Netherlands and Belgium.

## Release

The song was first released in Spain in April 1978, with the B-side being the band's previous single "Don't Rain on My Parade". This version of "Adolescent Sex" was the same as found on the Adolescent Sex album, which was also released in April. In Spring 1978, Japan re-recorded the song, making it sound punchier. This version was then first released in August as the other side of a double A-side single with "The Unconventional" in the UK. It was then released with the B-side "Sometimes I Feel So Low" in Germany in October. This single was then released in the Netherlands, Australia and France in 1979. The re-recorded version was also released in Italy in April 1979 with the B-side "Transmission".
In Japan, a limited edition flexi-disc single was released in October 1978 with the band's second album Obscure Alternatives. A Japanese fan club competition got entrants to write lyrics in Japanese, inspired by songs from Adolescent Sex. The winners' lyrics were read by David Sylvian and the single is purely spoken word, with no musical content.

## Reception

Reviewing the song retrospectively for AllMusic, Amy Hanson wrote ""Adolescent Sex" flays wide into classic funk bass-beating thumps, glammed out guitar, snotty punk vocals and proto disco cum wave synths. Put back together, though, and fed through Japan frontman David Sylvian's pockmarked brain, the song is an onslaught of a bewildering battery of stylistic nervous breakdowns, all so gorgeously twined that the resulting brew is simply stunning". In reviewing the Adolescent Sex album for Perfect Sound Forever, James Paton described the song as "seeing Sylvian regurgitate his mainstay lyrics of love and dancing, twisting them into some punky song about prostitution that marks the return of the siren synth, with Barbieri lending the composition a certain creepiness with his keys that prevents it from falling flat on its face".

## Track listings

7" (Spain)
* "Adolescent Sex" – 3:43
* "Don't Rain on My Parade" – 2:54
7" (Germany, Netherlands, Australia, France)
* "Adolescent Sex" (re-recorded version) – 4:11
* "Sometimes I Feel So Low" – 3:44
7" (Italy)
* "Adolescent Sex" (re-recorded version) – 4:11
* "Transmission" – 4:45
7" (Japan)
* "Adolescent Sex" – 2:03
* "Adolescent Sex" – 2:25
* "Lovers on Main Street" – 2:36
* "Suburban Love" – 2:33

## Charts

| Chart (1979) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 28 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 27 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 21 |
# Gary Sain

Gary Sain (February 21, 1931 – January 15, 1980) was an American NASCAR Grand National Series driver from Hickory, North Carolina.

## Career

Sain's career lasted from 1962 to 1967. His primary vehicle was the #80 Chevrolet owned by the Cozze Brothers. Sain has earned a grand total of $3,735 ($34,129.4 when adjusted for inflation) for racing the equivalent of 1,327.3 miles (2,136.1 km) on the speedways of America. Starting with an average of 20th place and finishing an average of 22nd place, this driver usually finished near the middle of the pack in his 2379 laps of racing action. His worst season was in 1967 where he finished in 86th in the overall season standings.
Sain's only DNQ came at the result of failing to qualify for the 1967 Southern 500.

## Death

Sain died on January 15, 1980, at the age of 48.
# Southview, Pennsylvania

Southview is a census-designated place located in Mount Pleasant and Cecil Townships in Washington County in the state of Pennsylvania. Southview is located in northern Washington County along Southview Road, within a mile of Pennsylvania Route 50. As of the 2010 census the population was 276 residents.

## History

Southview was built as a coal town for the Montour No. 1 coal mine, which opened in 1914. The village was considered to be a first-class miners' town and included housing for miners and their families, as well as a company store. The exact date of the mine closing is unknown, but it was probably closed between 1932 and 1939, according to the aerial photos.
# Spandaryan, Shirak

40°39′54″N 44°01′08″E﻿ / ﻿40.66500°N 44.01889°E﻿ / 40.66500; 44.01889
Spandaryan (Armenian: Սպանդարյան) is a village in the Artik Municipality of the Shirak Province of Armenia. The village was renamed in 1946 in honor of Armenian revolutionary Suren Spandaryan.
# Sarbuk

Sarbuk (Persian: ساربوک) is a city in, and the capital of, Sarbuk District of Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Sarbuk Rural District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, Sarbuk's population was 2,184 in 428 households, when it was a village in Sarbuk Rural District of the former Qasr-e Qand District of Nik Shahr County. The following census in 2011 counted 2,506 people in 587 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,448 people in 631 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Qasr-e Qand County. The rural district was transferred to the new Sarbuk District. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
After the census, the village of Sarbuk was elevated to the status of a city.
# Touch of Pink

Touch of Pink is a 2004 Canadian-British gay-themed romantic comedy film written and directed by Ian Iqbal Rashid and starring Jimi Mistry, Kyle MacLachlan, and Kristen Holden-Ried. The film takes its title from the Cary Grant film That Touch of Mink.

## Plot

Alim is a young gay man, born in Kenya and raised in Toronto, Canada. He moved to London to get away from his conservative Muslim upbringing. When his widowed mother, Nuru, announces an unplanned visit that involves staying with him, it creates hardship in the relationship with his boyfriend Giles because they must pretend to be only flatmates, and forces Alim to deal with coming out to his mother. Meanwhile, Alim has an imaginary friend who appears as Cary Grant, and gives Alim advice when he is in trouble; unfortunately, the advice often seems to result in more trouble.

## Cast

* Jimi Mistry as Alim
* Suleka Mathew as Nuru Jahan
* Kristen Holden-Ried as Giles
* Kyle MacLachlan as the spirit of Cary Grant
* Veena Sood as Dolly
* Brian George as Hassan
* Liisa Repo-Martell as Delia
* Raoul Bhaneja as Khaled
* Malika Mendez as Sheruba
* Linda Thorson as Giles' mother
* Andrew Gillies as Raymond
* Dean McDermott as Alisdair Keith

## Reception

Touch of Pink premiered at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival to great acclaim, a bidding war, and eventually, a sale to Sony Pictures Classics for the world excluding the U.K., Ireland, India and Greece.
The film received mixed reviews in its theatrical release; the consensus states: "Kyle MacLachlan does a very good imitation Cary Grant in this forced and contrived tale."
The film grossed $564,535 domestically and $16,520 internationally for a worldwide total of $581,055.

## Soundtrack

* "Sailing on the Real True Love" - Emilie-Claire Barlow
* "Loving the World" - Emilie-Claire Barlow
* "Lies of Handsome Men" - Cleo Laine
* "O Rama" - Susheela Raman
* "Nagumomo" - Susheela Raman
* "Summer Son" - Texas
* "When You Want Me" - Breakpoint feat. Jon Banfield
* "Tu Jahan Jahan Chalega" (taken from Bollywood film Mera Saaya) - Lata Mangeshkar
* "Xic" - Me and My
* "Concierto Grosso in a Minor-1st MVT" - Antonio Vivaldi
# Silver Mountain, California

38°36′19″N 119°46′10″W﻿ / ﻿38.60528°N 119.76944°W﻿ / 38.60528; -119.76944
Silver Mountain (also, Kongsberg, Konigsberg, Köngsberg and Silver Mountain City) is a former settlement in Alpine County, California. It was located on Silver Creek 5 miles (8 km) north-northeast of Ebbetts Pass, at an elevation of 6411 feet (1954 m).
Silver Mountain was founded in 1858 by Norwegian miners who named the place Köngsberg or Konigsberg. Within a year, the town had a population of around 3,000. The Konigsberg post office opened in 1863, closed a while in 1864, was renamed Silver Mountain in 1865, and closed for good in 1883. By 1886, the mines were no longer productive and the town was abandoned.
Silver Mountain was the first county seat of Alpine County, when the County was formed in 1864. The county seat was moved to Markleeville in 1875.
# Yi Yuwŏn

Yi Yu-won (Korean: 이유원; 1814–1888) was a scholar-official of the late Joseon period. He served as Chief State Councilor (1873–1875) under King Gojong. He excelled in both painting and calligraphy.

## Family

Parents
* Father: Yi Gyejo (이계조; 29 April 1792 – 11 October 1805), Minister of Personnel (이조판서)
* Mother: Lady Park, of the Bannam Park clan (반남박씨;b.1754), daughter of Park Jongshin (박종신)
Wives and issues:
* Lady Jeong, of the Dongrae Jeong clan (동래 정씨; 1795년 – 1879), daughter of Jeong Heon-yong (정헌용)
** Yi Seok-yeong (이석영; 1855–1934), Vice-Minister (참판), adopted son — biological son of Yi Yu-seung (이유승)
*** Daughter-in-law: Daughter of Jeong Gi-cheol (정기철)
*** Daughter-in-law: Lady Park, of the Bannam Park (반남박씨), daughter of Park Injin (박인진)
** Yi Su-yeong (이수영,d.1880), Secretary (참의), first son
** Lady Yi, of the Gyeongju Yi clan (경주이씨), first daughter
*** Son-in-law: Jo Yeonbin (조연빈; 1832–1859)
** Lady Yi, of the Gyeongju Yi clan (경주이씨), second daughter
*** Son-in-law: Jo Jeonghui (조정희), Vice-Minister (참판)
* Unknown concubine
** Yi Ho-yeong (이호영), a Gunsu (군수), son
*** Daughter-in-law: Daughter of the Yi Jang-ryeom (이장렴)
** Yi Pyo-yeong (이표영), a Uigwan (의관), son
*** Daughter-in-law: Daughter of Kim Se-ho (김세호)
*** Daughter-in-law: Dauhhter of Yi Jae-oh (이재오)
** Lady Yi, of the Gyeongju Yi clan (경주이씨), third daughter