OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zabolotiv

Zabolotiv (Ukrainian: Заболотів; Polish: Zabłotów; Yiddish: זאַבלאָטאָוו‎) is a rural settlement in Kolomyia Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, western Ukraine, in the historic region of Pokuttia. It hosts the administration of Zabolotiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,914 (2022 estimate). In 2001, the population was 4,129.

## History

The town was established in 1662 by Andrzej Potocki, a Polish nobleman. On May 7, 1662, Potocki issued a declaration establishing the city with Magdeburg rights. However, the city and its rights were not officially recognized by the Polish Crown until August 14, 1663, when King John Casimir finally approved it. The town was originally founded as a fortress to protect the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from Tatar invasions and to defend the multi-ethnic population of the region. It was built next to the older villages of Zabolotiv (known since 1435) and Knyahynyn (known since 1449). By 1672, the wooden fortress had been rebuilt using stone, brick and mortar. In the same year, Jews were granted the right to become permanent residents of the town. So in summary, while the area had older settlements, the town of Zabolotiv itself was officially founded in 1662-1663 as a new fortress town by the Polish nobility. After the three partitions of Poland in the late eighteenth century the town was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Since 1790, a growing Jewish community became an important part of local life. At the beginning of the 20th century, antisemitic unrest culminated in the first pogrom in Zabolotiv in 1903. In 1918 the town reverted to Poland. Later, the Germans exterminated one part of the Jewish population while others managed to flee to the United States and Israel: Circa 1,200 Jews from the Zabolotiv area were believed to be killed during the Second World War. After 1945 the town became part of the Soviet republic of Ukraine. In July 2023, local Orthodox and Catholic Christian communities served a memorial service for forgiveness for the persecution and extermination of local Jewish community.
Until 18 July 2020, Zabolotiv belonged to Sniatyn Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Sniatyn Raion was merged into Kolomyia Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Zabolotiv was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Zabolotiv became a rural settlement.

## Notable people

* Otto M. Nikodym (1887–1974) (Otton Martin Nikodým), Polish mathematician
* Manes Sperber (1905–1984), Austrian-French novelist, essayist and psychologist, who wrote under the pseudonyms Jan Heger and N.A. Menlos
* Svitlana Onyshchuk (born 1984), Ukrainian government official
# Johann-Rudolf Marcuard

Johann-Rudolf Marcuard (25 December 1721 – 13 March 1795) was a Swiss banker. He founded the bank Marcuard & Cie, which became one of the most prominent banks of the 18th century until its acquisition by Credit Suisse in 1919.
The bank Marcuard & Cie, active in all the major metropolises of Europe, was notably commissioned in Vienna by Maria Theresa of Austria.
Carrying forward Johann Rudolf Marcuard’s legacy to the present day, the direct descendants of the family have established the Marcuard brand as a global network of wealth management firms across four continents. Today, these firms remain dedicated to the family’s foundational principles of client-centric service and trusted expertise.

## Biography

Marcuard began his career in trade and then founded the bank bearing his name in 1746, one of the most important Swiss companies in Europe. Based in Bern, Marcuard acquired the status of bourgeois of Yverdon on April 21, 1770.
Admitted into Nobility in 1772 by the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, he was awarded the name Elder von Marcuard.
Expanding into Marcuard, André and Co, the bank specialized in the transportation of goods from East India. It was acquired by Credit Suisse in 1919.
The prolific French author Jules Verne mentions Marcuard in his novel The Adventures of Captain Hatteras (Part 1, Chapter II), but writes "Marcuart" in Part 1, Chapter XII. He also cites him in Foundling Mick (Part 1, Chapter VIII).
Marcuard was also an acquaintance of influential philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
# Niklas Eklund

Niklas Eklund (born 1969) is a Swedish trumpeter. He was born in Gothenburg into a musical family; his father, Bengt, was a noted trumpeter and conductor. Eklund studied with his father, as well as at the School of Music and Musicology of the University of Gothenburg.
Further studies took place under the tutelage of Edward H. Tarr at the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis. After five years as solo trumpeter with the Basel Radio Symphony Orchestra, Eklund left the orchestra in the autumn of 1996 to pursue a solo career. Since then he has appeared with many leading musicians and conductors, including Cecilia Bartoli, Zubin Mehta, John Eliot Gardiner, Heinz Holliger, András Schiff, John Foster, Iván Fischer and Gustav Leonhardt.
In 1996, Eklund won first prize at the first Altenburg International Baroque Trumpet competition, held in Bad Säckingen, Germany.
As a specialist on the notoriously difficult baroque trumpet, he demonstrates exceptional interpretive skill coupled with a high degree of control and precision. Christopher Martin, Principal Trumpet of the New York Philharmonic, says: "Niklas Eklund's Art of the Baroque Trumpet series [on Naxos], is the most lyrically gorgeous trumpet playing you'll ever hear."
Eklund has played an extensive part in the "Bach Pilgrimage" series of performances and recordings directed by Sir John Eliot Gardiner (available on Deutsche Grammophon Archiv CDs), beginning in the year 2000. Besides giving concerts in Sweden and Europe, Eklund has appeared as a guest performer and teacher in the USA, Australia, the Ukraine, Russia and New Zealand (condensed from the artist's website).
# 1988 Boise State Broncos football team

The 1988 Boise State Broncos football team represented Boise State University in the 1988 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Broncos competed in the Big Sky Conference and played their home games on campus at Bronco Stadium in Boise, Idaho. Led by second-year head coach Skip Hall, they finished the regular season at 8–3 (5–3 in Big Sky, third).
In the rivalry game with second-ranked Idaho at Bronco Stadium on November 19, a conference attendance record of 23,687 was set, but the Vandals won for the seventh consecutive year.
The Broncos made the Division I-AA playoffs, the first time since 1981, but lost at home in the first round to Northwestern State to finish at 8–4. The Big Sky had three teams in the 16–team playoffs for the first time; Montana lost at Idaho in the first round and the Vandals were stopped in the semifinals.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 3 | | at Long Beach State* | | Veterans Memorial StadiumLong Beach, CA | W 29–10 | 6,032 |
| September 10 | | Sam Houston State* | | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID | W 14–10 | 20,383 |
| September 17 | | at Northern Arizona | | Walkup SkydomeFlagstaff, AZ | W 24–21 $^{2OT}$ | 20,383 |
| September 24 | 8:00 pm | at Eastern Washington | No. 11 | Joe Albi StadiumSpokane, WA | L 28–34 | 4,513 |
| October 1 | 7:00 pm | Weber State | No. 19 | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID | W 31–27 | 20,890 |
| October 15 | | at Montana State | No. 13 | Reno H. Sales StadiumBozeman, MT | L 7–51 | 9,807 |
| October 22 | 7:00 pm | No. 12 Montana | | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID | W 31–28 | 19,059 |
| October 29 | 7:00 pm | No. 17 Nevada | | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID (rivalry) | W 40–28 | 22,178 |
| November 5 | 7:30 pm | at Idaho State | No. 17 | Holt ArenaPocatello, ID | W 31–10 | 7,125 |
| November 12 | 1:30 pm | Eastern Illinois* | No. 15 | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID | W 12–7 | 12,871 |
| November 19 | 2:30 pm | No. 2 Idaho | No. 13 | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID (rivalry) | L 20–26 | 23,687 |
| November 26 | | No. 8 Northwestern State | No. 12 | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID (NCAA Division I-AA First Round) | L 13–22 | 10,537 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Mountain time ||||||||
# Moradabad Institute of Technology

Moradabad Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private engineering institute affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University situated in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
# Udhampur East Assembly constituency

Udhampur East Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Udhampur is also part of Udhampur Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party | Party |
| 2024 | Ranbir Singh Pathania | | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### Assembly Election 2024

2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election : Udhampur East :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Ranbir Singh Pathania | 32,996 | 41.64% | New |
| | Independent | Pawan Khajuria | 30,647 | 38.67% | New |
| | JKNPP | Balwan Singh | 8,427 | 10.63% | New |
| | JKNC | Sunil Verma | 4,495 | 5.67% | New |
| | Independent | Soma | 740 | 0.93% | New |
| | BSP | Achhav Singh | 591 | 0.75% | New |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 591 | 0.75% | New |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 2,349 | 2.96% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 79,246 | 78.70% | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1,00,690 | | |
| | BJP win (new seat) | BJP win (new seat) | BJP win (new seat) | BJP win (new seat) | BJP win (new seat) |
# Mellitic acid

Mellitic acid, also called graphitic acid or benzenehexacarboxylic acid, is an acid first discovered in 1799 by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in the mineral mellite (honeystone), which is the aluminium salt of the acid. It crystallizes in fine silky needles and is soluble in water and alcohol.

## Structure

The stable conformation of this molecule has the carboxylic acid groups rotated out of the plane of the central benzene ring. The molecule adopts a propeller-like conformation in which the tilt of each carboxylic acid group relative to the central benzene ring varies due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

## Preparation

Mellitic acid may be prepared by warming mellite with ammonium carbonate, boiling off the excess of the ammonium salt, and adding ammonia to the solution. The precipitated alumina is filtered off, the filtrate evaporated, and the ammonium salt of the acid purified by recrystallization. The ammonium salt is then converted into the lead salt by precipitation with lead acetate, and the lead salt is then decomposed by hydrogen sulfide. The acid may also be prepared by the oxidation of pure carbon, graphite or hexamethylbenzene, by alkaline potassium permanganate in the cold, or by hot concentrated nitric acid.

## Reactions

It is a very stable compound; chlorine, concentrated nitric acid and hydroiodic acid do not react with it. It is decomposed, on dry distillation, into carbon dioxide and pyromellitic acid, C$_{10}$H$_6$O$_8$; when distilled with lime it gives carbon dioxide and benzene. Long digestion of the acid with an excess of phosphorus pentachloride forms the acid chloride, which crystallizes in needles, and melts at 190 °C. By heating the ammonium salt of the acid to 150–160 °C while ammonia is evolved, a mixture of paramide (mellimide, molecular formula C $_6$(CONHCO) $_3$), and ammonium euchroate is obtained. The mixture may be separated by dissolving out the ammonium euchroate with water. Paramide is a white amorphous powder, insoluble in water and alcohol.
The high stability of mellitic acid salts and their presence as an endproduct of the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are present in the solar system, make them a possible organic substance in Martian soil.
Mellitates (and salts of other benzene polycarboxylic acids) of iron and cobalt have interesting magnetic properties.
# Durban People Mover

The Durban People Mover is a South African tourist-oriented bus service which runs every 15 minutes and consists of three routes within the central business district and along the beachfront, connecting various attractions. This new bus system forms part of a transport redesign process that the city implemented in preparation for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

## The People Mover

The attractive, brightly colored buses travel through the city every 15 minutes and are a popular, fun way to travel around the city or along the beachfront. There is wheelchair access, and bus-stop wardens offer help to disabled passengers requiring assistance, route and schedule information and security to all waiting passengers. With closed circuit surveillance cameras installed on each bus and wardens stationed at all stops to help tourists and passengers, the People Mover promises a safe and reliable public transport system. With an access ramp for wheelchairs and prams, and on board information about the city, the buses cover the beachfront and inner city routes from 6:30am to 11pm every day.

## Tickets

A single journey on the People Mover will cost R5.50 (ZAR) and a full-day pass will cost you R16.00 (ZAR). Phase one of the Durban People Mover bus transport system has been successfully operating for 2 years, transporting local and visiting commuters in air-conditioned, safe and reliable comfort. The attractive, brightly colored buses travel through the city every 15 minutes and are a popular, fun way to travel around the city or along the beachfront City Loop. Passengers who wish to change between one route and another are allowed to switch buses at the transfer station within the 90 minute free transfer period.

## Operating Hours

The Durban People Mover service runs daily from 05h00 to 22h00. These extended operating hours allow commuters greater freedom and access to Durban's entertainment and business areas.

## City Routes

City Loop: A circular route through the main city thoroughfares, Starting and ending at the Dr Pixley KaSeme Street transfer interchange, stopping close to Durban City Hall, The Playhouse theatre, Tourism Information Centre, Inkosi Albert Luthuli International Convention Centre, the Victoria street market and the Durban's mosque and Cathedral.

## Beach Line

A scenic line which runs along the Northern and Southern city beaches, starting at the Suncoast Casino and Entertainment World and ending at uShaka Marine World. The route runs through the interchange at Dr Pixley KaSeme Street, (formerly West Street) facilitating passengers who wish to change to the city loop.
# Adcrocuta

Adcrocuta is an extinct genus of large hyena that lived in Africa and Eurasia during the late Miocene epoch.

## Distribution and chronology

Fossils of A. eximia are known from across Eurasia during the Vallesian-Turolian age of the Late Miocene (around 9.6-4.9 million years ago), spanning from Europe, including Spain, North Macedonia, France, Romania, Greece, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Ukraine and Bulgaria, and Asia including Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Kazkahstan, Iran, China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

## Description

Adcrocuta was comparable in size to a living spotted hyena, with a body mass of around 30–100 kilograms (66–220 lb).

## Palaeoecology

Like the modern day spotted hyena, A. eximia was an obligate carnivore. The teeth display adaptations to bone cracking, making it one of the earliest hyenas to display evidence of being adapted to this activity, though the shape of the upper carnassial tooth suggests that flesh also probably formed a considerable part of its diet. Its body was powerfully built. Some authors have suggested that it was likely not a fast runner, and that it was primarily a scavenger though this has been disputed by other authors, who note its limb bones are no more robust than those of living spotted hyenas. Its considerable size, which made it by a large margin the largest hyena in late Miocene Eurasia, likely made it effective both in kleptoparasitism (stealing kills from other carnivores), as well as predating on medium-large sized prey. Based on the morphology of its brain cavity, it probably had a less sophisticated social system than modern bone-cracking spotted hyenas.
# Alaska Broadcast Communications

Alaska Broadcast Communications is a local radio broadcasting company, serving the entire southeastern area of Alaska. The main office, along with the Juneau studios, is located at the Juneau Radio Center, located at 3161 Channel Drive in Juneau, Alaska.
The company owns and operates nine stations in three different markets:
Juneau
* KJNO AM 630
* KTKU FM 105.1
Sitka (studios at 611 Lake Street)
* KIFW AM 1230
* KSBZ FM 103.1
Ketchikan (studios at 526 Stedman Street)
* KTKN AM 930
* KGTW FM 106.7
The company previously owned but later sold 3 other stations in Juneau:
* KINY AM 800
* KXXJ AM 1330
* KSUP FM 106.3
# HPK SP-1

The HPK SP-1 a.k.a. "Some Pisser-1" is a single seat homebuilt aircraft.

## Design and development

Engle Flying Service members, Harold Hayden, Art Payne, Robert Kinney, and Norman R. Benner developed the HPK SP-1 over the course of five years. Plans for a two-seat side by side, and four seat variants were not completed.
The SP-1 is a single-place, all-metal, low-wing aircraft with conventional landing gear and partial span split trailing edge flaps. The cowling is from a Piper Tri-Pacer.

## Operational history

The aircraft was built and tested at Three-M airfield in Pennsylvania, home of Kaiser-Fleetwings Company. The prototype has been registered for over 50 years.

## Specifications (HPK SP-1)

Data from sport aviation
General characteristics
* Length: 19 ft 1 in (5.82 m)
* Wingspan: 25 ft (7.6 m)
* Height: 8 ft 1 in (2.46 m)
* Wing area: 99 sq ft (9.2 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: 4412
* Empty weight: 1,300 lb (590 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming O-235-C1 , 115 hp (86 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 140 kn (160 mph, 260 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 126 kn (145 mph, 233 km/h)
* Stall speed: 43 kn (50 mph, 80 km/h)
* Wing loading: 13 lb/sq ft (63 kg/m$^2$)
# Satin spar

Satin spar, less commonly atlas spar, is a trivial, partly obsolete name for fibrous varieties of two minerals, gypsum and calcite,$^{:40}$ possessing a characteristic silky (satin) luster. Despite their very low hardness (2 or 3 on the Mohs scale), both atlas (satin) spars (especially selenite) are widely used as ornamental stones.
It should be understood that both of the listed minerals, despite their name of “spars”, do not strictly belong to the number of the most well-known under this name feldspars — both from the point of view of chemical composition and from the standpoint of classical mineralogy.

## Main minerals and varieties

* Selenite is a fibrous variety of gypsum,$^{:527}$ the most common form of satin spars;
* Gypsum, satin spar$^{:429}$ in the form of a lustrous fibrous variety, not, however, defined as selenite;$^{:217}$
* Calcite or calcite spar is a fibrous variety$^{:429}$ superficially resembling selenite,$^{:169}$ but much less common in nature;
* Aragonite is one of the polymorphic natural varieties of calcite,$^{:429}$ sometimes having the same satin effect.

## Satin Spars Gallery

* Selenite
* Gypsum
* Calcite
* Aragonite
# Nihira Joshi

Nihira Joshi (born 10 December 1986) is an Indian singer. She was a Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2005 finalist achieving 5th place with public votes. Joshi is also a member of Ismail Darbar's "Yalgar Ho" Gharana.

## Education and career

Nihira Joshi is a graduate from Mithibai College, Mumbai. Her playback singing career includes the songs "Dhadak Dhadak", with Sunidhi Chauhan and Udit Narayan in the film Bunty Aur Babli, "Sabse Alag" from the film Alag, "Raat Kahegi Daastan" from the film 88 Antop Hill "Mera Dil" and "Babuji Dheere" from the film Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love and "Tan Man" from Marigold. She has also sung the title song of the Ekta Kapoor Zee TV serial "Kasamh Se" and the Radio City theme song with playback singer Shaan.
Nihira is the only female singer in the entire album of Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love who sings two songs. "Mera Dil" is a sugar-coated love song sung by Nihira and Shaan. The track was composed for Ayesha Takia and Akshaye Khanna in the film. Nihira also croons the re-arranged [not remixed] version of the classic "Babuji Dheere Chalna" [Aar Paar] originally sung by Geeta Dutt.
Nihira was a former winner on the Ghazal show, Aadab Arz Hai.
Nihira's voice appeared in Hindi movies, including Bunty aur Babli, Salame Ishq, Marigold, Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna and background vocal on Alag and 88 Antop Hill.
Nihira's voice in Marathi movies, including Pailteer, Amhi Satpute and Tula Shikaveen Changla Dhada. A forthcoming Marathi project is the film Londoncha Navra.
On TV, she sang the Kasamh Se title song and background vocals for various serials on Zee TV.

## Live performance

She performed in musical stage shows in Singapore, India and the United States.
# 2024–25 Coupe de France féminine

The 2024–25 Coupe de France féminine is the 24th season of the annual Coupe de France féminine, a knockout cup competition for women's football teams in France, The competition is organised by the French Football Federation (FFF).
Paris Saint-Germain are the defending champions having defeated Fleury 1–0 in the final of the previous season.

## Schedule

The dates for the regional qualifying rounds and any necessary preliminaries were determined by the respective regional leagues. From the regional finals onward, the FFF established the calendar with all rounds scheduled for weekends.
| Round | Dates | Teams |
| Regional Phase |||
| Regional rounds | 20 October 2024 |
| Regional finals | 3 November 2024 | 136 |
| Federal Phase |||
| 1st federal round | 24 November 2024 | 79 |
| 2nd federal round | 15 December 2024 | 40 |
| Final Phase |||
| Round of 32 | 12 January 2025 | 32 |
| Round of 16 | 26 January 2025 | 16 |
| Quarter-finals | 9 February 2025 | 8 |
| Semi-finals | 9 March 2025 | 4 |
| Final | 3 May 2025 | 2 |
Division 3 Féminine's clubs started from the regional rounds, Seconde Ligue's clubs began from the first federal round while the Première Ligue clubs will start from the Round of 16.

## Federal Phase

The draw for the two rounds of the federal phase took place at the French Football Federation headquarters in Paris On 6 November 2024.

### First federal round

The first federal round matches took place on November 23–24 and December 1.

#### Group E
### Second federal round

The second federal round matches were held on December 14–15, 2024.
# Drem

Drem is a small village in East Lothian, Scotland.
It is approximately 20 miles east of Edinburgh and is close to Haddington (to the south), North Berwick (northeast), Dirleton (north) and Gullane (north west). It has a railway station on the Edinburgh to North Berwick line with hourly service between those points and occasional service to Glasgow. The station is the last before the single track North Berwick line branches off the East Coast Main Line.
During World War II, the former West Fenton Aerodrome (later Gullane Aerodrome) became RAF Drem and the Drem Lighting System was developed to assist Spitfire landing. The disused airfield buildings were used to construct component parts of the Forth Road Bridge.
Today some of the outbuildings have become part of the Fenton Barns retail and leisure village and are used as studios by local craftspeople, particularly furniture makers.
Chesters Hill Fort, one mile south of the village, is an example of an Iron Age fort.