OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of number-one songs of 2019 (Singapore)

This is a list of the Singapore Top 30 Digital Streaming number-one songs in 2019, according to the Recording Industry Association Singapore.

## Chart history

| Issue Date | Song | Artist(s) |
| 3 January | "A Kind of Sorrow" | A-Lin |
| 10 January | "A Kind of Sorrow" | A-Lin |
| 17 January | "A Kind of Sorrow" | A-Lin |
| 24 January | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 31 January | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 7 February | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 14 February | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 21 February | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 28 February | "7 Rings" | Ariana Grande |
| 7 March | "Sucker" | Jonas Brothers |
| 14 March | "Sucker" | Jonas Brothers |
| 21 March | "Sucker" | Jonas Brothers |
| 28 March | "Sucker" | Jonas Brothers |
| 27 June | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 4 July | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 11 July | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 18 July | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 25 July | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 1 August | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 8 August | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 15 August | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 22 August | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 29 August | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 5 September | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 12 September | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 19 September | "Won't Cry" | Jay Chou and Ashin |
| 26 September | "Won't Cry" | Jay Chou and Ashin |
| 3 October | "Won't Cry" | Jay Chou and Ashin |
| 10 October | "Señorita" | Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello |
| 17 October | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 24 October | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 31 October | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 7 November | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 14 November | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 21 November | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 28 November | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 5 December | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 12 December | "Memories" | Maroon 5 |
| 19 December | "Dance Monkey" | Tones and I |
| 26 December | "Dance Monkey" | Tones and I |

## Number-one artists

List of number-one artists by total weeks at number one :
| Position | Artist | Weeks at No. 1 |
| 1 | Shawn Mendes | 13 |
| 1 | Camila Cabello | 13 |
| 2 | Maroon 5 | 9 |
| 3 | Ariana Grande | 6 |
| 4 | Jonas Brothers | 4 |
| 5 | A-Lin | 3 |
| 5 | Jay Chou | 3 |
| 5 | Ashin | 3 |
| 6 | Tones and I | 2 |
# Michu of Silla

Michu was the thirteenth ruler of the Korean state of Silla (r. 262–284). He was the first king of the Kim clan to sit on the Silla throne; this clan would hold the throne for most of Silla's later history. He was the son of Gudo, a leading Silla general, and the sixth-generation descendant of the clan founder Kim Alji.
During Michu's reign, the Samguk sagi reports numerous attacks from Baekje, and does not mention any contact with the other neighboring states.
Michu's tomb is preserved in central Gyeongju today. Various legends pertain to this burial mound, which is known as the Jukjangneung, or "Bamboo chief tomb."

## Family

* Father: Gudo Galmunwang (구도 갈문왕)
* Mother: Queen Sullye (술례부인 박씨), of the Park clan, daughter of Ichil Galmunwang (이칠 갈문왕)
* Wife:
** Queen Gwangmyeong (광명부인 석씨), of the Seok Clan, daughter of Jobun of Silla
*** Daughter: Lady Boban (보반부인), wife of King Naemul of Silla
*** Daughter: Queen Aryu, of the Kim clan (아류부인 김씨), wife of King Silseong of Silla

## Achievement

Although records of his era are not abundant, he seemed to have large interests on agriculture. In 264, he visited the peasant people to encourage them during a severe famine. In 268, subjects were dispatched by Michu to hear concerns of people.
Additionally, he was quite compassionate in that he turned down the requirement of rebuilding palaces for the reason that the people shouldn't labor too much.

## Legend

It is a legend that the spirit of King Michu helped Silla and protected the country by appeasing the spirit of Kim Yu-sin, who unified the Three Kingdoms. During the reign of King Yurye of Silla, people from Iseoguk(伊西國)(present-day Cheongdo County) attacked Gyeongju, and Silla was powerless. Then, soldiers with bamboo leaves in their ears appeared and turned the state of war around. After the enemy's retreat, a pile of bamboo leaves piled up in front of the tombs of the King Michu. So, the tomb of Michu was called Jukhyeongneung or Jukjangneung, meaning "the tomb of bamboo generals.
# Valentinianensis

Valentiniana also known as Valentinianen(sis) is a titular see (diocese) of the Roman Catholic Church in the province of Byzacena, North Africa. Very little is known of the bishopric. The seat of the bishop is not identified and only three bishops are known.
* Rogatianus attended the Council of Carthage (484), and then exiled by the Vandal King, Huneric
* Charles Richard Mulrooney (24 Feb 1959 appointed – 5 Aug 1989 died)
* Philip Pargeter (20 Nov 1989 appointed – )
# Simatherium

Simatherium is an extinct genus of bovid that inhabited Africa during the Neogene period.

## Palaeoecology

Based on dental microwear texture analysis of bovids from the Varswater Formation of South Africa, S. demissum was a mixed feeder. A mesowear texture analysis of S. demissum fossils from the same formation found it to be a grazer.
# Gimcheon station

Gimcheon Station is a railway station on the Gyeongbu Line and the Gyeongbuk Line.
# Raskol gangs

Raskol is a generic term for a criminal or group of criminals in Papua New Guinea ("PNG"), primarily in the larger cities, including Port Moresby and Lae. Raskol is a Tok Pisin (Pidgin English) word derived from the English word rascal and is currently used in Papua New Guinea to refer to gang members or criminals in general.

## History

Raskol gangs first emerged in Port Moresby in the 1970s, largely associated with the growth of urban squatter settlements in Port Moresby that consisted of recent migrants from the rural areas of the country and their children. Unemployment was (and remains) high in the settlements, with most employment in the informal sector, and educational opportunities very limited.
Similar to criminal gangs in western urban centres such as Los Angeles, London, and Paris, criminal gangs emerged as a mechanism through which uneducated and unemployed urban youth in PNG sought a sense of self-worth and security by associating with others who share their deprivation. In a country where betel nut, marijuana, and homebrew alcohol are widely accessible at an early age, these drugs are an often-cited contributor to the erratic behaviour of raskol gangs. Widespread alcoholism due to cultural attitudes towards alcoholism may also be a contributor. Many PNG criminal law enforcement officials accept drunkenness as a legal defence in domestic violence cases.
Over the years, raskol gang activities have evolved from opportunistic incidents of small scale theft or breaking and entering to more organised criminal activity including serving as middlemen in the marijuana trade both within PNG and between PNG and Australia, as well as becoming increasingly politicised as the instrument of various political powers. The growth of squatter settlements in Lae and Port Moresby has led to a corresponding increase in the number and size of raskol gangs.

## Rape

In urban areas, particularly slum areas, Raskol gangs often require raping women for initiation reasons. Peter Moses, one of the leaders of the "Dirty Dons 585" Raskol gang, stated that raping women was a “must” for the young members of the gang. In rural areas, when a boy wants to become a man, he may go to an enemy village and kill a pig to be accepted as an adult, while in the cities "women have replaced pigs." Moses, who claimed to have raped more than 30 women himself, said, “And it is better if a boy kills her afterwards; there will be less problems with the police."
# André Guillabert

André Guillabert (15 June 1918 – 24 August 2010) was a Senegalese politician and diplomat. Guillabert was a member of the Senegalese Senate from June 1958 to July 1959. He was also elected to the French senate in 1958. Guillabert was Foreign Minister of Senegal briefly in 1962.
# Peroxycarbonate

In chemistry, peroxycarbonate (sometimes peroxocarbonate, IUPAC name: oxocarbonate or oxidocarbonate) or percarbonate is a divalent anion with formula CO$^{2−}$ $_4$. It is an oxocarbon anion that consists solely of carbon and oxygen. It is the anion of peroxycarbonic acid also called hydroperoxyformic acid, HO−O−CO−OH.
The peroxycarbonate anion is formed, together with peroxydicarbonate C$_2$O2−6, at the negative electrode during electrolysis of molten lithium carbonate. Lithium peroxycarbonate can be produced also by combining carbon dioxide CO$_2$ with lithium hydroxide in concentrated hydrogen peroxide H$_2$O$_2$ at −10 °C.
Electrolysis of a solution of lithium carbonate at -30° to -40 °C yields a solution of the Lithium percarbonate, which can liberate iodine from potassium iodide instantaneously. The crystalline salt has not been isolated.
The peroxycarbonate anion has been proposed as an intermediate to explain the catalytic effect of CO$_2$ on the oxidation of organic compounds by O$_2$.
The potassium and rubidium salts of the monovalent hydrogenperoxycarbonate anion (aka. hydroxycarbonate, biperoxycarbonate) H−O−O−CO−2 have also been obtained.
# WXTY

WXTY (99.9 FM) is an adult hits radio station in the Tallahassee, Florida market owned by Adams Radio Group, through licensee ARG of Tallahassee LLC. It is branded as "Tally 99.9". Its studios and transmitter are co-located in northeast Tallahassee.

## History

On August 31, 2018, 99.9 Hank-FM changed its name to Tally 99.9 to fit the format better and it changed its call sign from WANK to WXTY.
# Veneer (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B+ |
| The Irish Times | |
| MusicOMH | |
| Pitchfork | 7.0/10 |
| Spin | A− |
Veneer is the debut studio album by Swedish singer-songwriter José González. It was released on 29 October 2003, in Sweden, 25 April 2005 in the rest of Europe and on 6 September 2005 in the United States.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by José González, except where noted

### Two-disc special edition

* "Storm"
* "Love Will Tear Us Apart" (Joy Division)
* "Suggestions"
* "Down the Hillside"
* "Sensing Owls"
* "Hand on Your Heart" (Kylie Minogue)
* "Instrumental"

## Singles

* "Heartbeats" (9 January 2006)
** b/w: "Suggestions"
* "Crosses" (10 April 2006)
** b/w: "Storm"

## Personnel

* José González – vocals, guitars, percussion
* Stefan Sporsén – trumpet on "Broken Arrows"

## Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for Veneer :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Gold | 7,500$^^$ |
| Sweden (GLF) | Platinum | 60,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 430,000 |
| Summaries |||
| Europe | — | 250,000+ |
| Worldwide | — | 1,000,000 |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Carlos Morla Vicuña

Carlos Morla Vicuña (born Carlos María Vicuña Zaldívar; Santiago, 1846 – Buffalo, New York, United States, 1900) was a conservative politician and diplomat from Chile.

## Biography

He was born from an affair between his mother, María del Carmen Solo de Zaldívar Rivera, and young César Vicuña Toro-Zambrano while her husband, the Argentine military officer Estanislao Lynch Roo, was absent. His mother entrusted him to the care of the Jesuits. After Lynch Roo's death in 1849, Carlos was recognized by his biological father and taken into his custody. He was also welcomed by his maternal half-siblings, the Lynch Solo de Zaldívar (Martina, Estanislao, Patricio, Luis Alfredo, and Julio Ángel). At 16, he began using the surname "Morla," an anagram of "amor" (love) and "moral," and officially legalized it at 21.
He studied at Colegio San Ignacio and later pursued law at the University of Chile. He worked as a journalist; in 1869, he joined the editorial team of La República. That same year, he became a member of the Conservative Party and served as an alternate deputy for Parral in 1870 (replacing Cesáreo Valdés Ortúzar on June 4) and again in 1873.
Morla began his diplomatic career abroad in 1870, having joined the Foreign Ministry the previous year. He was first assigned to the Chilean legation in the United States. In 1871, he became secretary of the Chilean mission to France and England under Ambassador Alberto Blest Gana. In 1873, he was commissioned by the Chilean government to research archival materials in Spain regarding the southernmost regions of South America, remaining in Europe until 1885.
In London, Morla met his niece Luisa Lynch, a writer and journalist, while staying with his half-brother Luis Alfredo Lynch, a Chilean Navy officer overseeing torpedo boat construction during the War of the Pacific. Despite the complications arising from their familial ties, the couple married in 1884 in London after securing the necessary dispensations.
The couple had six children: Nicolasa, who died young; Carlos, a diplomat; Ximena and Carmen, both writers; Paz; and Wanda, all born abroad during his diplomatic missions.
In 1885, he was appointed chargé d'affaires in Brazil but soon returned to Paris. His wife, Luisa, became a close friend of the patron Eugenia Huici de Errázuriz, and the couple mingled with Chilean expatriate elites and French intellectuals. This circle explains why sculptor Auguste Rodin created a bust of Luisa.
Morla left diplomacy in 1891 but rejoined the service in 1895. He served briefly in Uruguay and Paraguay before being appointed ambassador to Argentina and later Minister of Foreign Affairs under Federico Errázuriz Echaurren. He resigned in 1897 amidst political tensions.
In 1900, Morla, while preparing Chile's pavilion for the upcoming Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, died at age 54.

## Works

* La cuestion de límites entre Chile y la República Arjentina; La Patria, 1879.
* Estudio histórico sobre el descubrimiento y conquista de la Patagonia y de la Tierra del Fuego; F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1903.
# Skyworth Auto

Skyworth Auto is a Chinese manufacturer of electric passenger vehicles based in Nanjing, and operating since 2017. The brand belongs to Chinese company Skywell, in partnership with Skyworth Group.

## History
### Skywell New Energy

In 2017, Skywell, owner of Nanjing Golden Dragon Bus, announced an expansion into passenger vehicles. 'Skywell New Energy' was created with this goal as a subsidiary.
In the same year, development work began on the first electric car at the research and development center in Nanjing.
In 2020, Skywell's electric car development division officially introduced the Skywell ET5 as its first vehicle, to be manufactured by Tianmei Automobile.

### Skyworth Auto

In April 2021, the division was renamed Skyworth Auto to distinguish it from parent Skywell. Initially, the name change did not include the Skywell ET5 itself, however in July 2021 the vehicle itself received both a new marque and destination, as the Skyworth EV6.
In 2021, German company Elaris announced it would be distributing the EV6 locally as the Elaris Beo.
Imperium Motors also announced it would be bringing the EV6 to the US and Canada the same year, as the ET5 Imperium.
In November 2023, during the Guangzhou Auto Show, Skyworth presented the first teaser of the expansion of the company's range with another model in the form of a prototype of the flagship Shyhome electric limousine.

## Products
### Current

* Skyworth EV6 (previously Skywell ET5)
* Skyworth HT-i
* Skyworth Q
* Skyworth Skyhome - 57 inch screen

## Sales

Skyworth Auto sales :
| Year | Sales |
| 2021 | 4,088 |
| 2022 | 21,916 |
| 2023 | 29,701 |
# Ernie Groth

Ernest John Groth (December 24, 1884 – May 23, 1950), nicknamed "Dango", was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the 1904 Chicago Cubs.
# KOCA-LP

KOCA-LP (93.5 FM, "Radio Montañesa: Voz de la Gente") is a low-power FM radio station broadcasting a Spanish variety format. Licensed to Laramie, Wyoming, US, the station is currently owned by La Radio Montañesa: Voz de la Gente.

## History

The Federal Communications Commission issued a construction permit for the station on June 25, 2001. The station was assigned the KOCA-LP call sign on September 2, 2002, and received its license to cover on May 22, 2003.
# Sanjeeva Ranatunga

Sanjeeva Ranatunga (born 25 April 1969) is a former Sri Lankan cricketer who played in 9 Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals from 1994 to 1997.

## Family

He is the brother of former Sri Lanka captain Arjuna Ranatunga, Dammika Ranatunga, Nishantha Ranatunga and Prasanna Ranatunga Ruwan Ranatunga.

## International career

He has scored 2 centuries in Tests; 118 and 100* against Zimbabwe in consecutive Tests at Harare Sports Club and Queens Sports Club in 1994. His other notable performances are a hard-fought 60 and 65 against Australia at Adelaide in 1996. His highest ODI score of 70 came against Pakistan at R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo in 1994 which earned him the Man of the Match Award.
# Corey Hart

Corey Hart may refer to:
* Corey Hart (singer) (born 1962), Canadian musician
** Corey Hart (album), a 1996 album
* Corey Hart (baseball) (born 1982), American baseball player
# Neya (river)

The Neya (Russian: Не́я) is a river in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is a tributary of the Unzha (in Volga's drainage basin). It is 253 kilometers (157 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 6,060 square kilometers (2,340 sq mi).
The town of Neya is situated by the river Neya.
# Bucetin

Bucetin (INN, BAN) is an analgesic and antipyretic that is no longer marketed. Chemically, it is similar to phenacetin with which it shares the risk of carcinogenesis. Bucetin was withdrawn from use in 1986 due to renal toxicity.
# The Calcutta Review

The Calcutta Review is a bi-annual periodical, now published by the Calcutta University press, featuring scholarly articles from a variety of disciplines.

## History

The Calcutta Review was founded in May 1844, by Sir John William Kaye and Reverend Alexander Duff. Through the journal, Sir John Kaye aimed "to bring together such useful information, and propagate such sound opinions, relating to Indian affairs, as will, it is hoped, conduce, in some small measure, directly or indirectly, to the amelioration of the condition of the people".
The periodical proved to be successful, and was published as a quarterly up until 1912. Sir John Kaye was Editor of four issues, and then retired due to ill health. He remained the owner of the review until 1855, when it was purchased by Meredith Townsend. Thacker, Spink and Company bought it in 1857. It was printed by Sanders and Cowes until 1857, when it moved to the Serampore Press. When Rev. T. Ridsdale took over as editor, it was published by R. C. Lepage and Company.
The journal was not published in 1912. In its second series, from 1913 to 1920, it was published bi-annually. In 1921, it was acquired by the Calcutta University press, which now releases it bi-annually.

## Early editors

* Sir John William Kaye (1844–1845)
* Reverend Dr. Alexander Duff (1845–1849)
* Reverend W. S. Mackay (1849–1852)
* Reverend Thomas Smith (1852–1855, 1857)
* George Smith (1855–1856, 1857–1864)
* Meredith Townsend (1856–1857)
* Sir Alfred Swaine Lethbridge (1871–1878)
* James W. Furrell (1879–1884, 1894–1902)
* Sir Richard Temple
* Reverend T. Ridsdale
# AccessBank Tajikistan

AccessBank Tajikistan is a mid-size bank in Tajikistan. The bank is currently led by chairman Katharina Sсhaсhtner.
AccessBank was established with the financial support of a number of European development banks and is 100% foreign-owned, including shareholders Access Microfinance Holding AG (63.429%), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development – (13.714%), International Finance Corporation – (13.714%) and KfW Development Bank – (9.143%).
In 2019, AccessBank Tajikistan joined the Bank Arvand.
# Ultraman Tiga & Ultraman Dyna: New Generations

Ultraman Tiga & Ultraman Dyna: New Generations is a video game spinoff of the Ultraman Tiga and Ultraman Dyna TV series, published only in Japan in 1998 by Bandai for the Sony PlayStation. It bears little relation to the film Ultraman Tiga & Ultraman Dyna: Warriors of the Planet of Light, though it does match up with some parts of the Ultraman Tiga and Ultraman Dyna series. It is more like Ultraman Fighting Evolution, being an arcade-style fighter (keep going until you run out of credits), and as such, it is often mistakenly included in the series.
# Somerset Road railway station

Somerset Road railway station was a railway station in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England, on the Midland Railway's Birmingham West Suburban Railway. The station had two platforms and was located in a cutting.

## History

It was opened in 1876.
On 14 May 1897, John Thomas Johnson ran down the incline to the platform, but was unable to stop on reaching the platform and fell in front of the advancing train. Part of his left foot was cut off and his head was injured. He survived the accident.
On 16 February 1901, George Grainger attempted to alight from a train before it had pulled up at Somerset Road station and fell between the footboard and the platform. He was crushed to death.
It closed in 1930 due to lack of patronage.

## Remains

There are virtually no remains of the station, the only one being a bricked up entrance on the Somerset Road bridge over the present Cross-City Line, between the University railway station and Five Ways railway station.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Church Road Line open, station closed | | Midland Railway Birmingham West Suburban Railway | | Selly Oak Line and station open |
# Harpalus egenus

Harpalus egenus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean in 1829.