OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alex Wilcox

Alex Wilcox is an American airline executive and businessman. He co-founded JetSuiteX, since renamed JSX, and is JSX's CEO. Wilcox was a founding executive of JetBlue Airways as well as president and COO of Kingfisher Airlines until 2006. Wilcox started his career in customer service at Virgin Atlantic Airways, where he helped David Tait, who headed US Virgin Atlantic.

## Early life and education

Wilcox was born in London, United Kingdom to an American father and a Swiss mother. He later attended the University of Vermont and earned a BA in political science and English. While in college, Wilcox worked for Southwest Airlines. After college, Wilcox managed the Naildrivers, a rock band, for two years.
Wilcox is a citizen of the United States.

## Career

Wilcox worked in a customer service job at Virgin Atlantic Airways. During that time, Wilcox helped review business plans and liked a plan by David Neeleman, founder of Morris Air. He joined Neeleman and launched JetBlue Airways in 1999. Wilcox worked at JetBlue for six years and left to launch Kingfisher Airlines. In 2006, Wilcox partnered with Proctor Capital Partners and wrote the business plan for JetSuite, a business jet charter company. In July 2007, Wilcox began to serve as CEO of JetSuite.
# Ropaži

Ropaži (German: Rodenpois) is a village in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, the administrative centre of Ropaži Municipality. The village located approximately 36 km from the capital Riga.
# Chromium cycle

The chromium cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of chromium through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere.

## Biogeochemical cycle
### Terrestrial weathering and river transport

Chromium has two common oxidation states relevant for environmental conditions: trivalent chromium, Cr(III) (reduced form), and hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI) (most oxidized form). The poorly soluble trivalent chromium cation (Cr$^{3+}$ ) strongly adsorbs onto clay particles and particulate organic matter, whereas the highly toxic and carcinogenic hexavalent chromate anion (CrO$^{2−}$ $_4$) is soluble and non-sorbed, making it a toxic contaminant in environmental systems. Chromium commonly exists in soil and rocks as highly insoluble trivalent chromium, such as chromite (Fe$^{(II)}$Cr$^{(III)}$ $_2$O $_4$, or FeO·Cr $_2$O $_3$), a mixed oxide mineral of the spinel group resembling magnetite (Fe $_3$O $_4$, Fe$^{(II)}$Fe$^{(III)}$ $_2$O $_4$, or FeO·Fe $_2$O $_3$). Terrestrial weathering could cause trivalent chromium to be oxidized by manganese oxides to hexavalent chromium, which is then solubilized and cycled to the ocean through rivers. Estuaries release particulate chromium from rivers to the sea, increasing the dissolved fluxes of chromium to the ocean.

### Oceanic cycling

Soluble hexavalent chromium is the most common type of chromium in oceans, where over 70% of dissolved chromium in the ocean is found in oxyanions such as chromate (CrO$^{2−}$ $_4$). Soluble trivalent chromium is also found in the oceans where complexation with organic ligands occurs. Chromium is estimated to have a residence time of 6,300 years in the oceans. Hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromium in oxygen minimum zones or at the surface of the ocean by divalent iron and organic ligands. There are four sinks of chromium from the oceans: (1) oxic sediments in pelagic zones, (2) hypoxic sediments in continental margins, (3) anoxic or sulfidic sediments in basins or fjords with permanently anoxic or sulfidic (euxinic) bottom waters, and (4) marine carbonates.

### Influence from other biogeochemical cycles

Manganese (III) can oxidize Cr(III) to Cr(VI) when complexed with organic ligands. This causes contaminant mobilization of Cr(VI), and also reduces Mn(III) to Mn(II), which can then be oxidized back to Mn(III) by oxygen.

## Methods for chromium tracking

Isotopic fractionation of chromium has become a valuable tool for monitoring environmental chromium contamination through recent advancements in mass spectrometry. Isotope fractionation during river transport is determined by local redox conditions based on dissolved organic matter in rivers.
# Caio Zanardi

Caio César Zanardi Gomes da Silva (born 8 August 1973) is a Brazilian football coach, currently the head coach of Boavista.

## Career

In 2006, Zanardi was appointed manager of Lithuanian side Vilnius. In 2013, he was appointed manager of Brazil U17, helping them win the 2015 South American U-17 Championship. In 2015, he was appointed manager of Fort Lauderdale Strikers in the United States. In 2017, Zanardi was appointed manager of Brazilian club Desportivo Brasil. In 2018, he was appointed manager of Al Nasr (Dubai) in the United Arab Emirates. In 2020, he was appointed technical director of Portuguese team Oliveirense. In 2020, Zanardi was appointed manager of Khor Fakkan in the United Arab Emirates.

## Personal life

Zanardi's younger brother Márcio is also a football manager.
# New Chicago, Montana

New Chicago, also known as West Chicago (as it was originally named) is a ghost town and unincorporated community in Granite County, Montana, United States. It is on the west bank of Flint Creek. It is located 2.85 miles (1.77 km) south of Drummond on a gravel trail off the Pintler Veterans Memorial Scenic Highway, better known as Montana Highway 1. New Chicago formerly had amenities, consisting of two hotels, two stores, a flour mill, a telegraph station, a Wells Fargo office, and a Post Office. The rest of the area is now inhabited by fair-sized ranches. The community is served by the post offices in Hall and Drummond.
# Chris Murphy (disambiguation)

Chris Murphy (born 1973) is a United States Senator from Connecticut.
Chris or Christopher Murphy may also refer to:

## Musicians

* Chris Murphy (manager) (1954–2021), Australian band manager and music entrepreneur
* Chris Murphy (Canadian musician) (born 1968), member of the band Sloan
* Chris Murphy (Australian singer) (born 1976), Australian Idol finalist in 2006
* Chris Murphy (British musician), member of the British ska band Spunge
* Chris Murphy (violinist), American violinist, band leader and composer

## Politicians

* Christopher Murphy (British politician) (born 1947), British politician
* Chris Murphy (South Carolina politician) (born 1968), member of the South Carolina House of Representatives

## Sportspeople

* Chris Murphy (Gaelic footballer) (1968–2024), Northern Irish Gaelic football coach and player
* Chris Murphy (hurler) (born 1985), Irish hurler
* Chris Murphy (baseball) (born 1998), American baseball player

## Other

* Christopher Murphy (designer), British designer, writer and educator
# Mirawdale (tribe)

Mirawdali (alternatively Mirawdale, Mirawdeli, Mirawdaly, میراودەلی, Agha, or Axa) is a Kurdish tribe in Iraqi Kurdistan. The tribe is estimated to have more than 15,000 families, and is mainly located in the Pshdar area in northern Iraq, while some are located near the Iranian town of Sardasht.

## History

In the early 1990s, the tribe was in conflict with other tribes in the region. This conflict was instigated by government so it could divide and conquer the area and the tribe lost control of the majority of Pshdar.. Government intervention in the conflict, prompted influential Mirawdali members to flee to the border of Iran.
Since the late 1990s, some of Mirawdali members have sought refuge from Iraqi Kurdistan, due to the political and financial situation in the area. They are now mostly settled in Europe, the United States and Canada.

## Demographics

Due to the political and financial situation in Iraqi Kurdistan, some members of the tribe fled the country. They were mainly in their early 20s, which left a lasting impact on the financial situation, seeing as they settled into the countries they fled to. A large proportion of Mirawdali people reside in Qaladiza.
# Loudon Road Historic District

Loudon Road Historic District is a national historic district located at Loudonville in Albany County, New York. It includes 20 contributing buildings; 17 are residences and three are in commercial use. The district encompasses representative structures from the areas growth during the 19th and early 20th century. Notable structures include the home of Elias Ireland (ca. 1820), an early school from 1811 that was rebuilt about 1850, summer cottages from the late 19th century including that of Judge Ira Harris, and Georgian Revival homes from the early 20th century.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
# Morten Østergaard

Morten Østergaard (born 17 June 1976) is a Danish politician who served as Denmark's Minister for Economic and Interior Affairs from 2 September 2014 to 28 June 2015. Leader of the Danish Social Liberal Party from September 2014 to October 2020, he was a member of the Folketing from 2005 to 2021. He was furthermore Minister for Research, Innovation and Higher Education from 2011 to 2014 and for a short term in 2014 also Minister for Taxation.

## Background

He holds a master's degree in political science from the University of Aarhus.

## Political career

Østergaard was vice-chairman of the party from 2002 to 2005 and has been a member of parliament since the 2005 election.
Following the announcement on 31 August 2014 that Margrethe Vestager is to become Denmark's EU Commissioner, Østergaard was elected leader of the Danish Social Liberal Party and was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Denmark, as well as Minister of the Interior. On 7 October 2020 Østergaard resigned as the leader of the Danish Social Liberal Party due to inappropriate sexual behaviour towards fellow Social Liberal MP Lotte Rod.
# Wilbur Luft

Wilbur "Shorty" Luft (June 1, 1908 – December 20, 1991) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Central Washington University from 1948 to 1949, compiling a record of 8–9–1. Luft was a quarterback at Washington State University in the early 1930s and was named the starter for the 1931 Rose Bowl.

## Head coaching record
### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Central Washington Wildcats (Evergreen Conference) (1948–1949) ||||||
| 1948 | Central Washington | 5–3–1 | 2–3–1 | T–4th |
| 1949 | Central Washington | 3–6 | 2–4 | T–5th |
| Central Washington: | Central Washington: | 8–9–1 | 4–7–1 | |
| Total: | Total: | 8–9–1 | | |
# North Lynnwood, Washington

North Lynnwood is a census-designated place (CDP) located in Snohomish County, Washington. In 2010, it had a population of 16,574 inhabitants. It was originally part of Picnic Point-North Lynnwood. For the 2010 census, the CDP was separated into Picnic Point and North Lynnwood, with a small part going to the new Meadowdale CDP.

## Geography

North Lynnwood is located at coordinates 47°51'12"N 122°16'35"W. It has an area of 3.12 sq. miles.

## Notable points of interest

* Well Number 5
# Gustaf Löwenhielm

Count Gustaf Carl Fredrik Löwenhielm (6 October 1771 – 29 July 1856) was a Swedish general and diplomat.

## Early life

Löwenhielm was born on 6 October 1771 in the Royal Court Parish (Hovförsamlingen), Stockholm County, Sweden, the son of Lord Chancellor, Count Fredric Adolph Löwenhielm [sv] (1743–1810) and Countess Augusta Fersen (1754–1846). He was the grandson of Privy Councillor Carl Gustaf Löwenhielm [sv] (1701–1768).

## Career

Löwenhielm attended the University of Strasbourg from 1781 to 1787. He participated with his regiment in the 1788–90. He was a cavalry inspector 1804–09, colonel and general adjutant in Pomerania and Saxony in 1805–06. In 1808, he was severely wounded at Pyhäjoki and fell into Russian captivity until his release in 1809.
Löwenhielm participated in the election of Charles XIV John to the Swedish throne and served as his envoy to several foreign powers between 1810 until 1837 and as such participated in many important political events. He was also the director of the Royal Theatres (Royal Swedish Opera and the Royal Dramatic Theatre) in 1812-1818 and introduced several lasting reforms to its management.

## Personal life

Löwenhielm married Cléonice Ifigenie de Baguet (born on 22 March 1798, in Nîmes, died on 8 May 1853, in Paris) on 18 March 1826, in Paris. She was the daughter of Colonel de Baguet and his wife, née Ducayla.
Löwenhielm was the father of Marguerite Augusta Marie Löwenhielm, duchesse de Fitz-James.
Löwenhielm is buried in Père Lachaise cemetery (Division 14), in Paris.
# 1988 Holiday Bowl

The 1988 Holiday Bowl was a college football bowl game played December 30, 1988, in San Diego, California. It was part of the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season. It featured the 12th ranked Oklahoma State Cowboys, and the 15th ranked Wyoming Cowboys.

## Game summary

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| Oklahoma State | 7 | 10 | 28 | 17 | 62 |
| Wyoming | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 14 |
at Jack Murphy Stadium • San Diego
* Date: December 30, 1988
* Game attendance: 60,641
* TV announcers (ESPN): Bob Carpenter, Kevin Kiley, Sharlene Hawkes
* Box score

### Statistics

| Statistics | OSU | WYO |
| First downs | 34 | 14 |
| Plays–yards | 80–698 | 62–204 |
| Rushes–yards | 51–320 | 30–33 |
| Passing yards | 378 | 171 |
| Passing: comp–att–int | 24–29–0 | 16–32–2 |
| Time of possession | 33:23 | 26:37 |
| Team | Category | Player | Statistics |
| OSU | Passing | Mike Gundy | 20/24, 315 yards, 3 TD |
| OSU | Rushing | Barry Sanders | 29 carries, 222 yards, 5 TD |
| OSU | Receiving | Hart Lee Dykes | 10 receptions, 163 yards, TD |
| WYO | Passing | Randy Welniak | 15/30, 164 yards, 2 INT |
| WYO | Rushing | DeWaine Jones | 2 carries, 19 yards |
| WYO | Receiving | Scott Gibson | 4 receptions, 37 yards |
Running back Barry Sanders scored on a 33-yard touchdown run for Oklahoma State, as they took a 7–0 lead. He would finish the game with 222 yards rushing and 5 touchdowns. Wyoming answered when quarterback Randy Welniak scored on a 4-yard touchdown run tying the game at 7. That ended the 1st quarter of play. Sanders scored on a 2-yard touchdown run, giving Oklahoma State a 14–7 lead. Cary Blanchard kicked a 33-yard field goal giving OSU a 17-7 halftime lead.
In the third quarter, Mike Gundy fired a 12-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Brent Parker, increasing OSU's lead to 24–7. Welniak's 4-yard touchdown run cut the lead to 24–14. Sanders erupted for touchdown runs of 67, 1, and 10 yards as OSU took a 45–14 lead.
In the fourth quarter, Blanchard kicked a 19-yard field goal to make it 48–14. Mike Gundy's 25-yard pass to Hart Lee Dykes made it 55–14. A 5-yard rushing touchdown by backup quarterback Chris Smith made the final score Oklahoma State 62, Wyoming 14.
# Elaine J. Coates

Elaine Johnson Coates (born September 15, 1937) is an American social worker and educator. She is the first African American graduate of the University of Maryland, College Park.

## Life

Coates was born in Baltimore, Maryland on September 15, 1937. She was the daughter of a domestic worker and railroad porter and attended the then-segregated Frederick Douglass High School. Following the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling, Coates enrolled in the University of Maryland in 1955 where she was one of the few African American undergraduates allowed to live on campus. Her high school counselor refused to write Coates a letter of recommendation suggesting she find a job instead; at her mother's urging, Coates wrote her own letter, ultimately earning a four-year scholarship. She resided in Caroline Hall and would frequently receive threats and insults, and frequently received unfair treatment from her professors. She was a member of the Red Cross Club. Coates graduated in 1959 from the College of Education. She was the first African American student to graduate from University of Maryland, College Park.
Coates went on to become a social worker and educator. She spent some time teaching at the high school that she herself had attended, but later earned a master's degree in social work and also obtained her certification as a Licensed Certified Social Worker–Clinical (LCSW-C). She went on to work in providing social services to pediatric and adult trauma patients at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. After retiring in 2006, she continued counseling as a volunteer.
Her daughter and son also attended the University of Maryland.

## Awards and honors

In April, 2019, Coates was the first to receive the University of Maryland Alumni Association's new annual award meant "to recognize an individual who has made significant contributions to fostering diversity and inclusion nationally and globally." The award was then named in her honor, the "Elaine Johnson Coates Award."
In May, 2019, Coates was honored at the University of Maryland graduation ceremony. Addressing the crowd, Coates said, "I stand on this podium and look at the diversity in the beautiful faces of the graduation class... and it tells me that my journey mattered.
Coates received an honorary doctorate from the University of Maryland in May, 2020.
In July, 2020, University of Maryland president Darryll Pines announced that one of the university's new residence halls would be named to honor Coates' having been the university's first African-American woman to graduate.
# Norman Tallentire

Norman Henderson Tallentire (October 10, 1886 – November 8, 1953) was a British-born Communist Party organizer in the United States.

## Early life

Tallentire was born in England, the son of a miner and preacher, and emigrated to Canada in 1907.

## Career

Trained as a carpenter, Tallentire established a business in Denver, Colorado, before becoming active in leftist politics. In August 1922, Tallentire was arrested in the raid of a secret meeting of the Communist Party of America in Bridgman, Michigan.
For eight months starting in September 1924, Tallentire was the district organizer for the Communist Party in Seattle, where he attempted to work with local Filipino union leaders to increase Filipino membership in the Party. After the collapse of the underground Communist Party in 1926, Tallentire went to Baltimore to organize the city's Party branches. In 1927, he was the Party's District Organizer in Kansas City.
In 1932, Tallentire traveled to the Soviet Union in the Communist Party delegation to celebrate the fourteenth anniversary of the Russian Revolution. Tallentire served as the national organizer of the Friends of the Soviet Union, and was also the assistant national secretary of the International Labor Defense.
Rockwell Kent described him as "a lifelong agitator of men's consciences toward social justice, a firm upholder of the dignity of man and a literally restless organizer of the underprivileged". He was known for his oratory and frequently quoted poetry in his speeches. George Charney compared his speeches to William Jennings Bryant for the way he "interspersed dread prophecy and soothing homily".

## Later life and death

Tallentire was threatened with deportation from America under the McCarran-Walter Act. He was arrested in 1951 and held on Ellis Island. He died of a heart attack during this deportation hearing. Vito Marcantonio defended Tallentire in the hearings, describing the defense as part of the struggle "to defeat the illegal, undemocratic, unconstitutional Walter-McCarran Act". Some of Tallentire's colleagues blamed the stress of the deportation hearings for his heart attack and death.
# Samian Sibyl

The Samian Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle near Hera's temple on the Isle of Samos, a Greek colony. The word Sibyl comes (via Latin) from the ancient Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess. There were many Sibyls in the ancient world but she is the one who prophesied the Birth of Jesus in the stable. The Samian Sibyl, by name Phemonoe, or Phyto of whom Eratosthenes wrote.
The Suda's lexicon says that the Erythraean Sibyl was also called Samian. Pausanias confirms that the Erythraean Sibyl lived the greater part of her life in Samos (Phocis, 12, 5). The Samian Sibyl was known as Phyto, or better Foito, from the Greek word foitos, which indicates the wandering, especially the mind's. Modern researchers of Samos island consider that her house was in the cave of Panagia Spiliani monastery, which probably is also the cavern of Pythagoras, according to the testimony of the Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry.
Interesting is the reference of Symeon Metaphrastes (the greatest of the Byzantine historians), which says that the Samian Sibyl existed when the city of Byzantium was built, the famous ancient colony of the Megarians, which was converted by Constantine the Great into the capital of the empire, after having rebuilt, and was called Constantinople. "During this time Sibyl is known in Samos, and the Byzantium was built under the Megarians". (Simeon Logothetis, Leon Grammatikos chronographia, page 37)
# Norton Branch, Kentucky

Norton Branch is an unincorporated community in Carter County, in the U.S. state of Kentucky.

## History

A post office called Norton Branch was established in 1910, and remained in operation until 1912. The community is located at the mouth of Norton Branch creek, from which it takes its name.
# Kalna Manor

Kalna Manor (Latvian: Kalnamuiža; German: Berghof), also called Sieksāte Manor, is a manor house in Rudbārži Parish, Kuldīga Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia. The complex includes a manor, park and farm buildings.

## History

The manor was built as a hunting lodge for Baron Fedor von Medem after he acquired the estate in 1855. It was quickly repaired after being damaged by fire in 1905. Between 1906 and 1912, it was restored according to the project of architect G. Berchi. The most recent restoration was completed in 2004, the building then being made available for public event rentals. A museum with exhibits on milk production is located in one of the other estate buildings.
# Twin Peaks, California

Twin Peaks is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States, within the heart of the San Bernardino Mountains. California State Route 189 runs through the entire area before it reaches Lake Arrowhead. Twin Peaks has a post office with ZIP code 92391, which opened in 1916.

## History

Originally settled in the 1860s, the first settlers included many strawberry farmers. The area would first be known as Strawberry Flat. Some of the first buildings to be constructed in the town include the now gone Squirrel Inn, the still-standing Antlers Inn, and the also still-standing Pine Rose Cabins. The Antlers Inn originated in 1919 when some 20 cabins were simultaneously constructed around a central lodge then known as the Alpine Terrace Resort.

## Calvary Chapel Bible College

In 1975, Calvary Chapel Bible College purchased and renovated the Monte Corona resort, repurposing it as a Biblical college and Conference Center. In 1994, C.C.B.C. would relocate to Murrieta, California and the former site would become repurposed as a Christian Conference Center. C.C.B.C. returned to Twin Peaks in July 2022 after nearly 30 years and began massive renovations & projects on all campus buildings. The Bible College is currently undergoing more major construction; and involved in creating more employment & investment for the community.

## Church of Spiritual Technology

The Church of Scientology's Church of Spiritual Technology has been located in Twin Peaks since 1982.

## Notable residents

* Tim Donnelly - former California State Assemblyman and local businessman

## Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Twin Peaks has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate.