# Balasore district

Balasore District, also known as Baleswar District, is an administrative district of Odisha state, in eastern India. Balasore is one of the coastal districts of Odisha and lies on the northernmost part of the state.

## Etymology

Baleswar is said to have got its name through the regional derivation of the word Baneswar, from Hindu deity Baneshwar (Shiva), the presiding deity of the town. The Siva temple, Baneswara Temple is located in Puruna Baleswar (lit. 'Old Baleswar').

## Geography

Balasore district is located in the northeast of the state of Odisha and lies between 21° 3' to 21° 59' north latitude and 86° 20' to 87° 29' east longitude. The average altitude of the district is 19.08-metre. The district has a total area of 3634 km$^2$. It is bounded by Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur and Jhargram districts of West Bengal in its north, the Bay of Bengal to its east, Bhadrak district to the south and Mayurbhanj and Keonjhar districts to the west.
The district lies along the Odisha coastal plain. In the southwest there are some small hill ranges. The Subarnarekha is the main river, and it empties into the Bay of Bengal in the district.

## Transport

Balasore railway station falls en route on the main line connecting Chennai to Kolkata. NH 16 (erstwhile NH 5) runs through Balasore, and NH 60, which connects Balasore to Kolkata, is a four lane express way.
The nearest airport from Balasore is Kolkata International Airport and Biju Patnaik International Airport, Bhubaneswar.
Balasore runs state Buses of (OSRTC) which provide point to point service from Kolkata to Bhubaneswar (via Balasore).

## Demographics
### Population

As per the 2011 Census, Balasore district has a population of 2,320,529, which is comparable to the population of Latvia or the U.S. state of New Mexico. It ranks 195th out of 640 districts in India. The district has a population density of 609 people per square kilometer (1,580 per square mile). Over the decade from 2001 to 2011, Balasore's population grew by 14.47%. The district's sex ratio stands at 957 females for every 1,000 males. The overall literacy rate is 79.79%, with male literacy at 87% and female literacy at 72.28%. Urban areas have a literacy rate of 84.67%, while rural areas have a literacy rate of 79.18%. Urban areas account for 10.92% of the population. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 20.62% and 11.88% of the population, respectively.

### Religion

Balasore district is predominantly Hindu, comprising about 94.7% of the population with 2,197,709 individuals. Muslims represent the second-largest religious group, making up around 4.1% with 94,254 adherents, while Christians account for a smaller 0.3%, totaling 6,434 residents. Other religious minorities include Sikhs (0.01%, 237 individuals), Jains (0.009%, 201 individuals), and Buddhists (0.005%, 111 individuals). Additionally, about 0.8% (18,345 individuals) belong to other faiths, and 0.1% (3,238 individuals) have not stated their religion.
Religious Demographic in Balasore District (2011)

### Languages

Languages of Baleswar district (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 88.30% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 4.11% Santali, 3.39% Urdu, 1.30% Bengali and 0.67% Hindi as their first language.
The local dialect of the region is Baleswari, a dialect of Odia. Other languages include Bhunjia, spoken by approximately 7000 Bhunjia Adivasis and Santali.

## Education

The district constitute primary university is F. M. University. Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Bagudi (also known as JNV Bagudi or JNV Balasore) is a public residential school in Bagudi village (near Mangalpur) of Soro block in the Balasore district. Government-run, it provides education to children predominantly from the rural areas and economically challenged families. It was established and is managed by Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (an autonomous organization of the Ministry of Human Resource Development and Department of Secondary Education and Higher Education).In accordance with the National Policy on Education (1986) of the government of India, the Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Bagudi in the Balasore district was established during March 1987.

## Politics

The district has 1 Lok Sabha constituency (Balasore) and 8 Vidhan Sabha constituencies. The current MP from Balasore is Pratap Chandra Sarangi from the BJP.
The following is the 8 Vidhan sabha constituencies of Balasore district and the elected members of that area:
| No. | Constituency | Reservation | Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) | MLA | Party |
| 35 | Jaleswar | None | Jaleswar (M), Jaleswar, Basta (part) | Aswini Kumar Patra | BJD |
| 36 | Bhograi | None | Bhogarai | Goutam Buddha Das | BJD |
| 37 | Basta | None | Baliapal, Basta (part) | Subasini Jena | BJD |
| 38 | Balasore | None | Balasore (M), Balasore (part) | Manas Kumar Dutta | BJP |
| 39 | Remuna | SC | Remuna, Balasore (part) | Gobinda Chandra Das | BJP |
| 40 | Nilgiri | None | Nilagiri (NAC), Nilagiri, Oupada, Bahanaga (part) | Santosh Khatua | BJP |
| 41 | Soro | SC | Soro (M), Soro, Bahanaga (part) | Madhab Dhada | BJD |
| 42 | Simulia | None | Simulia, Khaira | Padma Lochan Panda | BJP |