OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tomishige Rihei

Tomishige Rihei (富重 利平, May 19, 1837 – February 7, 1922) was an important 19th and early 20th century Japanese photographer. He was a pioneer of wet-plate photography in Japan and was noted for his excellent large-format, albumen landscapes. Tomishige is especially renowned in Kyūshū.
In 1854 Tomishige left his hometown of Yanagawa for Nagasaki, where he started his career as a merchant. When this career proved unsuccessful, in 1862 he became an apprentice to Kameya Tokujirō, an early local photographer. Later that same year, Kameya left Nagasaki to open a photographic studio in Kyoto, so Tomishige continued his photographic studies under Ueno Hikoma. The two developed a lifelong friendship. In 1866 Tomishige returned to Yanagawa, where he opened his own photographic studio, but the business was not a success, so in 1868-1869 he once again worked under Kameya as apprentice in Nagasaki.
In 1870 Tomishige decided to move to Tokyo, but he ended up in Kumamoto where he opened a studio; probably the first in the city. The local army garrison commissioned him to photograph Kumamoto Castle. The photographs from this commission became particularly significant since the castle was destroyed in the 1877 Satsuma Rebellion, and Tomishige's images are among the few showing the structure before its destruction. Tomishige's studio was destroyed on the same occasion, but rebuilt the following year. Remarkably, the studio continues to this day, operated by his descendants. To mark 130 years of its existence, in 1993 the studio collaborated in an exhibition at the Kumamoto Prefectural Museum of Art (Kumamoto Kenritsu Bijutsukan) and the accompanying catalogue, Tomishige shashinjo no 130-nen.
Tomishige was the most popular professional photographer in Kumamoto, and many soldiers and generals came to him to have their pictures taken. Viscount Tani Tateki and his staff of the army in the Satsuma Rebellion war were photographed soon after the war. Count Nogi Maresuke asked Tomishige to follow him photographing the after-effects of the rebellion, for three days, and Nogi paid for the photographs. He took photographs of the novelist Natsume Sōseki, Hannah Riddell (who first built Kumamoto's first leprosy hospital), Nogi Maresuke (one of the most famous generals in Japan), Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa (who learned photography under Tomishige), Viscount Kawakami Sōroku, Kodama Gentarō and Lafcadio Hearn (a writer).
Tomishige sent photographs of Japan to various international contests including an international health exhibition held in Dresden, Germany in 1911; he used the name of his son in this case. It was shown in the Japanese Pavilion.
The Tomishige Photographic Studio is still active today and managed by his grand-grand son Rihei since 2010, the 4th director of the studio.
# Georges Ferdinand Bigot

Georges Ferdinand Bigot (7 April 1860 – 10 October 1927) was a French cartoonist, illustrator and artist. Although almost unknown in his native country, Bigot is famous in Japan for his satirical cartoons, which depict life in Meiji period Japan.

## Biography

Bigot was born in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France and was encouraged into the arts by his mother. At the age of twelve, he was accepted by the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he was trained by artists such as Jean-Léon Gérôme and Carolus-Duran. While in school, Bigot was introduced to Japonism and befriended a number of collectors of Japanese art. He was also impressed with the Japanese pavilion at the Exposition Universelle (1878), all of which aroused in him a strong interest to move to Japan. In order to pay for the trip, he became an illustrator for newspapers, La Vie Moderne and The World Parisien and sold illustrations for Émile Zola's novel Nana. Bigot arrived in Yokohama in 1882. On arrival, he took lessons in the Japanese language and Japanese painting, and taught watercolor painting to students at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy as an oyatoi gaikokujin. He also sold illustrations to Japanese newspapers, and issued an illustrated book Japanese Sketches.
On the expiry of his government teaching job, he found employment as a French language teacher at a school run by the writer and liberal political philosopher Nakae Chōmin. He also traveled extensively around Japan. In 1887, Bigot published a satirical magazine, Tōbaé, in which he illustrated mostly scenes of everyday Japanese life, but also ridiculed Japanese politicians and what he felt to be excesses of in the Westernization of Japan. The newspaper had to be published in Yokohama for fear of Japanese censors. During the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895), Bigot traveled to Korea on special assignment from the English magazine London Graphic.
In 1895, Bigot married Masu Sano and fathered a son named Maurice. However, with the revision of the unequal treaties and the end of extraterritoriality in Japan in 1899, Bigot decided to return to France. He divorced his wife, but kept custody of their son. After his return to France, he worked for Le Chat Noir and other French magazines and newspapers. He also provided cartoons depicting the Second Boer War and the Russo-Japanese War. On retirement, he moved to Bièvres, Essonne, where he died in 1927.
# Archibald Lucius Douglas

Admiral Sir Archibald Lucius Douglas, GCB, GCVO (8 February 1842 – 12 March 1913) was a Royal Navy officer of the 19th century.

## Naval career

Douglas was born in Quebec City in pre-Confederation Canada in 1842. Educated at the Quebec High School, he joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in 1856.
He served as a Gunnery Lieutenant on HMS Aurora during the Fenian Raids in 1866.
He was selected to head the second British naval mission to Japan in 1873, and served as a foreign advisor to the fledgling Imperial Japanese Navy until 1875.
Douglas was based at the Imperial Japanese Navy Academy, then located at Tsukiji in Tokyo, where he trained a class of 30 officers. During his tenure, his advice was called upon for the Taiwan Expedition of 1874, the first major overseas deployment for the Japanese navy.
During his stay in Japan, he is also credited with having introduced the sport of football to Japanese naval cadets.
During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, Douglas commanded HMS Egeria on an intelligence gathering mission to Petropavlovsk in Kamchatka, which he found to have been abandoned by its Russian garrison.
Douglas was appointed Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station in 1898 and Second Naval Lord in 1899. He was promoted to the rank of vice admiral on 15 June 1901, In June 1902 he was appointed Commander-in-chief of the North America and West Indies Station, and he arrived in Halifax to take up the position on 15 July with his flagship, the cruiser HMS Ariadne. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth in 1904 and retired from the service in 1907.
In 1910 he was made an honorary LL.D. of McGill University; in 1902 he was created a KCB, in 1905 a GCVO, and in 1911 a GCB.
Douglas died in Hampshire, England in 1913.

## Family

His brother was Campbell Mellis Douglas, who was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1867.
Douglas married, in 1871, Constance Ellen Hawks, daughter of Rev. William Hawks. Mrs. Douglas (as she was known then) was godmother to HMS Lancaster in March 1902. One of their sons Lt.-Cdr. David William Shafto Douglas R.N. (1883-1916) was KIA when his ship HMS Black Prince (1904) was lost with all hands at the battle of Jutland.
# Geneviève Gosselin-G.

Geneviève Gosselin-G. is a Canadian film producer from Quebec, who was a founder of the film studio Le Foyer Films. She is most noted as producer of the 2023 film Richelieu, which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Picture at the 12th Canadian Screen Awards in 2024.
Her other credits have included the short films Rebel (Recrue), Joutel, Katshinau (Les Mains sales) and Mercenaire.
# Colyer Meriwether

Colyer Meriwether (8 April 1858 – 26 August 1920) was an American historian, educator, and writer.

## Early life

Meriwether was born in Clark’s Hill, South Carolina. He earned an undergraduate degree at Johns Hopkins University in 1886, and the university awarded him a Ph.D. in 1893.

## Career

In 1889–1892, Meriwether was employed by the Japanese government in Sendai.
He was elected a member of the Asiatic Society of Japan and the American Historical Association. He was secretary and treasurer of the Southern History Association.

## Selected works

* History of Higher Education in South Carolina, 1889
* Date Masamune and His Embassy to Rome, 1892
# Anthonie Rouwenhorst Mulder

Anthonie Rouwenhorst Mulder (28 April 1848 – 6 March 1901) was a Dutch engineer and foreign advisor specializing in hydraulic engineering in Meiji period Empire of Japan.
Mulder was born in Leiden, Kingdom of the Netherlands as the son of a tobacco trader. He obtained his degree as a civil engineer from what is now TU Delft in 1872.
After graduation, Mulder served as a supervisor of water management on the River Waal at Herwijnen. However, after only one year, he was invited by Prince Henry, the son of King William II to establish a trading post at the northern entrance to the Suez Canal, near Port Said in Egypt. Although his contemporaries advised against the venture, Mulder lived in Egypt from August 1873 to August 1876, and built the main house, a warehouse, a coal shed, a goods shed, service residences, two piers and the foundation for a water reservoir as well as a hotel. The trading post proved commercially successful, but the venture was terminated with the unexpected death of Prince Henry in 1876.
Mulder returned to the Netherlands, where he built the Change Canal in The Hague, as well as a steam-powered tramway in Haarlem.
Mulder was then recruited by the government of Japan in late 1879. He was responsible for improvements to the course of the Tone River, Kinugawa River, Fuji River, Yodo River and the Sumida River; however, in Japan he became known as a specialist in the redesign and improvements of ports and harbours. In addition to Port of Tokyo, where access had previously been hampered by large mudbanks, he also worked on ports in Okayama, Hiroshima, Hachinohe and Shimonoseki. His contemporaries in Japan included Cornelis Johannes van Doorn and Johannis de Rijke and George Arnold Escher.
After his contract expired in 1890, he returned to the Hague. In 1897 he returned to the Netherland, and designed a system of steam-powered tram lines in Nijmegen. He died in Nijmegen in 1901.
# Edith King

Edith King (born Edith Keck; November 14, 1896 – February 24, 1973) was an American stage and film actress.

## Biography

Edith King was born Edith Keck, daughter of John Keck, in White Haven, Pennsylvania in November 14, 1896. She first visited a theater when she was 14, and decided then to pursue an acting career. She moved to New York City at a young age and promptly arranged a meeting with David Belasco, who gave her a part in his current play, Marie Odile.
In later life, King lived in Kendall Park, New Jersey, where she owned a small gift shop while continuing her acting career. In 1972 King moved from Riviera Beach to Daytona Beach, where she died on February 24, 1973.

## Career

King was known as a stage and film actress, with a career spanning over 50 years (from roughly 1916 to 1964). Before her stage career took off, she was an artist's model, working with Howard Chandler Christy for several of his paintings and illustrations. She appeared in theatrical productions such as Bab (playing the older sister of Helen Hayes's main character) and Thank You, and films such as Saratoga. She worked with Alfred Lunt and his wife in several productions, including The Seagull (as Polina) and The Taming of the Shrew (as the minor characters Curtis and the widow).
She played Bianca in Paul Robeson's 1943 production of Othello before taking over the role of Emilia in 1944 (replacing Margaret Webster).

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1946 | Calcutta | Mrs. Smith |
| 1947 | Blaze of Noon | Mrs. Murphy |
| 1948 | The Gallant Blade | Mme. Chauvignac |
| 1948 | Belle Starr's Daughter | Mrs. Allen |
| 1953 | Girl on the Run | Lil |
# Henry Smith Munroe

Henry Smith Munroe (March 25, 1850 – May 4, 1933) (born Henry Maynard Smith) was an American geologist who worked in Meiji period Japan as a foreign advisor to the Japanese government.

## Biography

Munroe was born in Brooklyn, New York and obtained a Masters of Engineering at Columbia University in 1869. From 1870 to 1871 he worked as Assistant Geologist with the Ohio State Geological Survey. Between 1870 and 1872 he occupied the post of Assistant Chemist at the United States Department of Agriculture.
Hired by the Japanese government on a three-year contract from 1872 and 1875, Munroe was assigned to Yesso (now Hokkaidō), in northern Japan, as Assistant Geologist and Mining Engineer with the Geological Survey of Yesso for the Hokkaidō Colonization Agency. Munroe was one of a group of foreign engineers (including Horace Capron, Thomas Antisell, A.G. Warfield and Benjamin Lyman) who conducted a land and resources survey of Hokkaidō, with the particular aim of developing its mineral resources. Munroe was assigned to work with Lyman on a geological survey after Antisell had been dismissed from his post due to personal conflicts with Capron. His work laid the foundations for the future coal mining industry in Hokkaido.
At the conclusion of his contract, Munroe was hired as a professor of Geology and Mining at the Tokyo Imperial University from 1875 and 1876.
Munroe returned to the United States, and obtained his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1877, where he subsequently became Adjunct Professor of Mining until 1891. He was Professor of Mining at Columbia from 1891 until 1915. From 1897 to 1899 he was Dean, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Columbia University. In 1917 he became Consulting Engineer to the United States Bureau of Mines. His brother, Edmund Munroe Smith, was also a professor at Columbia.
On May 4, 1933, Munroe died at home in Litchfield, Connecticut.
# Pratima Bhoumik

Pratima Bhoumik (born 28 May 1969) is an Indian politician from Tripura. She served as the Minister of State in the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in the Second Modi ministry from 7 July 2021 to 11 June 2024.

## Early life and education

Bhoumik was born in Barnarayan, Sipahijala District, Tripura. She is the daughter of late Debendra Kumar Bhoumik. She completed her graduation in bio-science in 1991 at Women's College, Agartala, which is affiliated with Tripura University.

## Career

In 2019, Bhoumik was elected to the Lok Sabha from the Tripura West as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party having defeated sitting MP and Communist Party of India (Marxist) candidate Sankar Prasad Datta and Congress candidate Subal Bhowmick by a huge margin. She was also elected to the Tripura Legislative Assembly in 2023 from the Dhanpur Assembly constituency but resigned a few days later to retain her Lok Sabha membership and ministerial berth. Since 2016, she has also been a State General Secretary of the BJP Tripura unit.

### As party whip of Lok Sabha

Bhoumik was included in the Bharatiya Janata Party's Lok Sabha whip list.

### As a Member of Parliament

Bhoumik was elected to the 17th Lok Sabha, from Tripura West. After the result was formally declared, in an interview with IANS, the 50-year-old science graduate said: "I would work for the all-round development of the state. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and party president Amit Shah's development mantra and vision are our future course of action for the welfare of the people."
Bhowmik, secured 5,73,532 votes (51.77 per cent of the valid votes polled) and won the Tripura West seat defeating her Congress rival Subal Bhowmik by a margin of 3,05,689 votes. She is the second female member of the Lok Sabha from Tripura after Congress' Maharani Bibhu Kumari Devi, also former Tripura minister, who won in 1991.

### Lok Sabha Standing Committee

* Member, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution
* Member, Committee on Absence of Members from the Sittings of the House

### Contribution of the first salary

Pratima Bhowmik, the Lok Sabha MP from Tripura West parliamentary constituency, donated Rs 1,00,000 from her first month's salary for Assam flood relief. At least 67 people have died and 33,55,837 have been affected in the deluge that has inundated over 2,000 villages in 17 districts of Assam.

### Union Minister

She became Minister of State Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in Second Modi ministry when cabinet overhaul happened. She became first Central Minister from Tripura.
# Objezierze, West Pomeranian Voivodeship

Objezierze (German: Hitzdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzęcin, located within Choszczno County in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Krzęcin, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Choszczno, and 75 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital, Szczecin.
For more information on the region's history, see History of Pomerania.
The village has an approximate population of 1,000.
# Weightlifting at the 2016 South Asian Games

Weightlifting at the 2016 South Asian Games were held in Guwahati, India from 6 to 9 February 2016.

## Medalists
### Men

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Men's 56kg | Guru Raja India | 241 kg | Chathuranga Lakmal Sri Lanka | 239 kg | Abdullah Ghafoor Pakistan | 227 kg |
| Men's 62kg | Sudesh Peiris Sri Lanka | 265 kg | Bikash Thapa Nepal | 242 kg | Mostain Bella Bangladesh | 225 kg |
| Men's 69kg | Sambo Lapung India | 281 kg | Indika Dissanayake Sri Lanka | 281 kg | Abu Sufyan Pakistan | 275 kg |
| Men's 77kg | Ajay Singh India | 305 kg | Chinthana Vidanage Sri Lanka | 300 kg | Umar Lone Pakistan | 281 kg |
| Men's 85kg | Vikas Thakur India | 300 kg | Muhammad Tahir Pakistan | 278 kg | Romesh Selage Sri Lanka | 265 kg |
| Men's 94kg | Pardeep Singh India | 331 kg | Usman Amjad Rathore Pakistan | 322 kg | Thusitha Chandrthilake Sri Lanka | 293 kg |
| Men's 105kg | Victor Abilash Christopher India | 317 kg | Shanaka Madusanka Peters Sri Lanka | 300 kg | Azharamir Pakistan | 280 kg |
| Men's +105kg | Muhammad Nooh Dastgir Butt Pakistan | 360 kg | Gurdeep Singh India | 345 kg | Saman Gedara Sri Lanka | 275 kg |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Women's 48kg | Saikhom Mirabai Chanu India | 169 kg | Hansani Gomes Sri Lanka | 145 kg | Molla Shabira Bangladesh | 143 kg |
| Women's 53kg | Harshdeep Kaur India | 171 kg | Chamari Warnakulasooriya Sri Lanka | 150 kg | Devi Kumari Chaudhary Nepal | 129 kg |
| Women's 58kg | Saraswati Rout India | 187 kg | Fullapati Chakma Bangladesh | 144 kg | Maheshi Umera Sri Lanka | 142 kg |
| Women's 63kg | Mabia Akhter Simanta Bangladesh | 149 kg | Vinodani Dharmasena Sri Lanka | 138 kg | Jun Maya Chhantyal Nepal | 125 kg |
| Women's 69kg | Rakhi Halder India | 194 kg | Sathy Sultana Bangladesh | 169 kg | Chaturika Priyanthi Sri Lanka | 161 kg |
| Women's 75kg | Kavita Devi India | 210 kg | Wickeramasinghe Selage Sri Lanka | 160 kg | Firoga Parvin Bangladesh | 148 kg |
| Women's +75kg | Sushila Panwar India | 198 kg | Ishani Kaluthanthri Sri Lanka | 173 kg | Tara Devi Pun Nepal | 165 kg |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | India (IND) | 12 | 1 | 0 | 13 |
| 2 | Sri Lanka (SRI) | 1 | 9 | 5 | 15 |
| 3 | Pakistan (PAK) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 4 | Bangladesh (BAN) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 5 | Nepal (NEP) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 45 |
# 3-Hydroxyphenazepam

3-Hydroxyphenazepam is a benzodiazepine with hypnotic, sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties. It is an active metabolite of phenazepam, as well as the active metabolite of the benzodiazepine prodrug cinazepam. Relative to phenazepam, 3-hydroxyphenazepam has diminished myorelaxant properties, but is about equivalent in most other regards. Like other benzodiazepines, 3-hydroxyphenazepam behaves as a positive allosteric modulator of the benzodiazepine site of the GABA$_A$ receptor with an EC$_{50}$ value of 10.3 nM. It has been sold as a designer drug.
# Wakeman, Kansas

Wakeman is a ghost town in Norton County, Kansas, United States.

## History

Wakeman was issued a post office in 1879. The post office was discontinued in 1887.
# Negishi Shingorō

Negishi Shingorō 根岸信五郎 (15 January 1844 – 15 September 1913) was a Samurai from Nagaoka Han in feudal Japan, was the 6th and last headmaster of the Shindō Munen-ryū from the feudal era of Japan, where this school of Japanese swordsmanship has its origin.

## Biography

Negishi Shingorō was born in Echigo, as Makino Shingorō, a son of the ruling family of the Echigo Nagoaka Clan. However, at a very young age he was adopted by Negishi Yorosaemon, one of the clan's magistrates. As a teenager, Shingorō developed a passion for swordsmanship, and studied from Nomura Tetsuya, the last headmaster of Nagaoka Han Den branch of Shindō Munen-ryū. In 1863 Shingorō took a temporary leave of absence from the clan in order to study Shindō Munen-ryū at the Renpeikan (練兵館) dojo in Edo (modern day Tokyo).
At the Renpeikan, Shingorō learned from Saito Yakuro and well as his sons Shintaro and Yoronosuke. He also had access to other famous instructors, and had the benefit of their advice. One year after joining the Renpeikan, Shingoro received a Shihan-dai license from Shintaro and in 1865 he received a Menkyo with an Inkyo license. Upon receiving Inkyo, Shingoro was recalled back to his domain by his clan.
While in Edo, Shingorō became more and more politically outspoken, perhaps due to influence of his senpai from Choshu clan.
Nagaoka clan mobilized for war in the spring of 1868, and participated in the Boshin Wars as part of the Northern Alliance (the forces from 32 domains). From 4 May to 15 September clan fought against the Meiji Army, participating in the Battle of Hokuetsu (北越戦争), the bloodiest battle of Boshin Wars.
Shingorō managed to survive the initial conflicts uninjured. On 10 September, however, he participated in the charge to retake the castle. On 15 September 1868 he was severely wounded during the counter-attack by Meiji Army, that routed the forces of Ainu and Nagaoka. Following Boshin War, Shingorō returned to Edo, where he acted as Shintaro's successor.
In 1885 he opened the famed Yushinkan dojo (有信館道場). In 1888 he was employed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Force to teach Keshi-cho Ryu Kitachi/Iai and Gekiken to the Emperor's Royal Guard Detachment at Saineikan Dojo.
On 26 March 1906, Shingorō was declared Hanshi of Shindō Munen-ryū by Dai Nippon Butokukai.
Following his notoriety from winning a number of high-profile bouts, in 1912 he was asked by Dai Nippon Butoku Kai to join the committee responsible for creation of Dai Nippon Teikoku Kendo Kata, a precursor to modern Kendo-no-Kata.
One of his students was Nakayama Hakudō (1872-1958) who helped develop iaido and kendo.