OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Propane (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on propane.

## Structure and properties

Structure and properties :
| Dielectric constant | (fluid) 1.6 ε$_0$ at 0 °C |
| Magnetic susceptibility | −40 |

## Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior :
| Triple point | 85.47 K (−187.68 °C), 0.0001 Pa |
| Critical point | 369.522 K (96.672 °C), 42.4924 bar |
| Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ$_{fus}$H$^o$ | 79.96 J/g |
| Std entropy change of fusion, Δ$_{fus}$S$^o$ | ? J/(mol·K) |
| Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ$_{vap}$H$^o$ | 24.545 kJ/mol |
| Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ$_{vap}$S$^o$ | ? J/(mol·K) |
| Solid properties ||
| Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ$_f$H$^o$$_{solid}$ | −103.85 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S$^o$$_{solid}$ | ? J/(mol K) |
| Heat capacity, c$_p$ | ? J/(mol K) |
| Liquid properties ||
| Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ$_f$H$^o$$_{liquid}$ | −118.910 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S$^o$$_{liquid}$ | 171.0 J/(mol K) |
| Heat capacity, c$_p$ | 98.36 J/(mol K) |
| Gas properties ||
| Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ$_f$H$^o$$_{gas}$ | −104.7 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S$^o$$_{gas}$ | 269.91 J/(mol K) |
| Enthalpy of combustion, Δ$_c$H$^o$ | −2220.0 kJ/mol |
| Heat capacity, c$_p$ | 73.60 J/(mol K) |
| van der Waals' constants | a = 877.88 L$^2$ kPa/mol$^2$ b = 0.08445 liter per mole |

## Density of liquid and gas

Propane is highly temperature dependent. The density of liquid and gaseous propane are given on the next image.

## Vapor pressure of liquid

| P in mm Hg | P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600 |
| T in °C | T in °C | −128.9 | −108.5 | −92.4 | −79.6 | −55.6 | −42.1 | −25.6 | 1.4 | 25.6 | 58.1 | 94.8 | — |
Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

## Spectral data

UV-Vis :
| λ$_{max}$ | ? nm |
| Extinction coefficient, ε | ? |
| IR ||
| Major absorption bands | ? cm$^{−1}$ |
| NMR ||
| Proton NMR | |
| Carbon-13 NMR | |
| Other NMR data | |
| MS ||
| Masses of main fragments | |

## Material Safety Data Sheet

Propane does not have health effects other than the danger of frostbite or asphyxiation. The National Propane Gas Association has a generic MSDS available online here. (Issued 1996)
* MSDS from Suburban Propane, L.P dated 5/2013 in the SDSdata.org database
* view
* Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
* Reliability of data general note.
# The House of Tomorrow (2017 film)

The House of Tomorrow is a 2017 American independent comedy-drama film written and directed by Peter Livolsi and starring Asa Butterfield and Alex Wolff. The film is based on Peter Bognanni's 2010 novel of the same name. It is Livolsi's directorial debut. Co-stars Ellen Burstyn and Nick Offerman served as executive producers of the film.

## Plot

Sebastian Prendergast lives in a dated tourist spot called the House of Tomorrow with his grandmother Josephine. Sebastian longs to leave his isolated existence which quickly changes when he meets Jared Whitcomb, a young up-and-coming punk rocker with a heart condition, and his sister Meredith. Inspired to rebel, Sebastian decides to pick up a guitar and join Jared in becoming a punk rock group.

## Cast

* Asa Butterfield as Sebastian Prendergast, Josephine's grandson and Jared's friend
* Alex Wolff as Jared Whitcomb, Sebastian's friend, Meredith's brother and Alan's son
* Nick Offerman as Alan Whitcomb, Meredith and Jared's father
* Ellen Burstyn as Josephine Prendergast, Sebastian's grandmother, obsessed by all things Buckminster Fuller, even providing retro-futurist tours of her geodesic home, including authentic video of Buckminster Fuller talking and sailing with Ellen Burstyn, who had actually befriended him in real life.
* Maude Apatow as Meredith Whitcomb, Jared's sister and Alan's daughter
* Michaela Watkins as Mrs. Whitcomb, Meredith and Jared's mother and Alan's ex-wife
* Fred Armisen as Tour Video Narrator (voice)

## Production

The film was shot in Minnesota. According to Maude Apatow, the film was shot in 18 days.

## Reception

The film has a 74% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 35 reviews with an average score of 6.27/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Familiar yet endearing, The House of Tomorrow is a well-told coming-of-age comedy that marks an auspicious if not indispensable debut from writer-director Peter Livolsi." Colin Covert of the Star Tribune awarded the film four stars. Leah Greenblatt of Entertainment Weekly graded the film a B. Jeffrey M. Anderson of Common Sense Media gave the film three stars out of five. Both Susan Wloszczyna of RogerEbert.com and Barbara VanDenburgh of The Arizona Republic gave it three stars. Wes Greene of Slant Magazine awarded the film two and a half stars out of four. Joe Friar of The Victoria Advocate awarded the film three stars out of four.
Sheri Linden of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review, calling it "a confident and perfectly cast debut feature."
Robert Abele of TheWrap also gave the film a positive review and wrote, "what makes the movie organically enjoyable outside of its expected direction is that the manifestation of Sebastian's and Jared's mutually beneficial attachment is, in Livolsi's hands, a delicate simmer instead of a sentimental splash, and tended to with plenty of deadpan wit and honest feeling."
Walter Addiego of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the film a negative review and wrote "Part of what's missing in The House of Tomorrow is the acerbic punk spirit that inspires its two heroes, which could have been remedied by a sharper script."
# Rainbow (yacht)

Rainbow was a J-class yacht built in 1934 and successful defender of the 1934 America's Cup. It was ordered by Harold Vanderbilt and designed by William Starling Burgess. Rainbow was scrapped in 1940.

## Replica

A replica, Rainbow, was launched in 2012 at Holland Jachtbouw. In January 2015 it was reported that she was for sale with an asking price of €10,450,000 VAT paid.
# The Ghana Scout Association

The Ghana Scout Association is the national Scouting association of Ghana. Scouting was founded in the British Gold Coast Colony in 1911 and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1960. The association has 3,919 members as of 2011. By 2019, the association has 13,496 members. In 2007, the Chief Scout was President John Agyekum Kufuor.
Scouts are involved in many community service projects. Most of these projects take place in rural areas where Scouts organize the people to assist in these projects. Some of these projects are the construction of health centers, schools and clean water.
Scouts are also involved in farming, tree planting and helping to run plants that raise fish.

## Early years

As a young man, Samuel Wood won a drawing competition, sponsored by the British newspaper The Sheffield Weekly. The prize was a school scholarship, but Wood was unable to take it up as he could not afford the cost of travelling to the United Kingdom. Instead, he was sent books and a subscription to the newspaper. One of the books was Baden-Powell's Scouting for Boys. Wood wrote to Imperial Headquarters of the Scout Movement, in London, and asked them how he could start his own Scout group. A charter was given on 1912-01-04 for the first Gold Coast Scout group. Other groups soon started in other parts of the country.
Samuel Wood continued to be active in Scouting and due to his efforts, the Gold Coast became the first Crown Colony to legislate for the protection of the Scout and Guide Movement. Wood died on 1952-09-09.

## Program

The association is divided in four sections according to age:
* Cubs aged 7 – 11 years
* Scouts aged 11½ - 14 years
* Ventures aged 14 ½ - 17 years
* Rovers aged 17 – 22 years
# Biddell

Biddell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George Biddell Airy (1801–1892), English mathematician and astronomer
* Kerrie Biddell (1947–2014), Australian jazz singer, pianist, and vocal teacher
* William Biddell (1825–1900), English politician
# Cimarron Alliance Foundation

The Cimarron Alliance Foundation was a 501(c)(3) educational organization dedicated to advocacy for Oklahoma’s LGBT citizens. Its mission was “to support educational efforts that increase personal self-esteem, promote public enlightenment and advance equality for LGBT Oklahomans".
In September 2002, the group won a lawsuit against Oklahoma City after the city took down banners advocating gay and lesbian rights. Judge Robin J. Cauthron ruled that the city ordinance in question, which prohibited advocacy messages, violated the First and Fourteenth Amendments.
In 2007, they organized the state's first "all-inclusive" anti-bullying conference.
In 2015, The Cimarron Alliance Foundation merged with The Equality Network, a 501(4) organization in Tulsa, Oklahoma, that promotes equally through legal advocacy and is now a statewide organization. The merged organization is known as Freedom Oklahoma.
# The Final Cut (song)

"The Final Cut" is the title track from Pink Floyd's 1983 album The Final Cut.

## Background

This song tells of a man's isolation, depression, sexual repression and rejection. At the end of the song he attempts suicide but "never had the nerve to make the final cut". Additionally, the song may be told from its main character of Pink.
"The Final Cut" is one of four songs (along with "The Hero's Return", "One of the Few", and "Your Possible Pasts") used in The Final Cut that had been previously rejected from The Wall. This song is in the video version of the album The Final Cut Video EP. The song made an appearance as the B-side of the "Selections from the Final Cut" radio promo single (with "Your Possible Pasts" on the A-side.) It also appears in the film Strange Frame.

## Personnel

* Roger Waters – vocals, bass guitar, acoustic guitar, tape effects
* David Gilmour – guitar, backing vocals
* Nick Mason – drums, tambourine
with:
* Michael Kamen – piano, harmonium, orchestrations
# Dimbaza

Dimbaza is a township in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, located in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of King William's Town on the R63 road to Alice and Fort Beaufort. As of 2011, it had a population of 21,783.

## History

Dimbaza, which was originally known as Mnxesha, was created as a rural resettlement township, "an apartheid dumping ground", in November 1967. The first people to settle in Dimbaza arrived in trucks in November 1967 and early 1968, with a rapid increase in numbers between December 1968 and February 1969. By March 1969, the Minister of Bantu Administration and Development (BAD) M.C Botha put the population at 2,897, of whom 2,041 were children. The numbers had increased to 3,400 by May. By 1971, the population was sitting at around 7,000, and by 1972 it had reached almost 10,000. Over half of the households in Dimbaza after the resettlement were headed by women. Dimbaza was also used as a dumping ground for ANC and PAC ex-prisoners. Banned Dimbaza residents who were ex-political prisoners included: Ernest Tshazimbane, Moses Bonisile Twebe, Jack Madikane, Walter Cola and Daniel Mafenuka.
The first settlers in Dimbaza were housed in tin-roofed wooden huts measuring 16’ x 16’, and ten feet high which had no floors, ceilings and foundations. Rent was fixed at £1.71 per month for a two-roomed house leaving 85% of the population unable to afford to rent the houses. A few four-roomed houses, which accommodated privileged individuals such as teachers, were built. In 1972, a clinic was built in the area. The first primary school opened in March 1969, and by 1972 there were four primary schools and one secondary school. In describing the conditions in Dimbaza in the late 1960 to early 1970s, clergyman Rev David Russell said "the overall reality of a place like Dimbaza is its grinding poverty and the helplessness of the great majority of its inhabitants to do anything about improving their lot....The fundamental question is work. At another level the question is why they were removed there at all."
The apartheid government was forced to bring in reforms and improve the infrastructure. Housing amenities were improved and settling into the area was voluntary after 1971. After Ciskei gained its independence, Dimbaza was part one of its large township. After the fall of apartheid in 1994, the township became part of the Eastern Cape.

## Economy

To encourage investors to move into the area, rebates on power and water, and wage bill subsidies were offered in the 70s', and after Ciskei gained 'independence' as a homeland in 1981, a flat 15% tax rate was charged. In 2016, the Eastern Cape government announced that R344-million had been set aside for the establishment of an industrial hub in Dimbaza.
# Ectoedemia contorta

Ectoedemia contorta is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from the Czech Republic and Slovakia to Spain, Italy and Greece.
The wingspan is 4.6-5.6 mm. Adults are on wing in autumn. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Quercus pubescens. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine resembles that of Ectoedemia albifasciella.
# Erenler, Bayramören

Erenler is a village in the Bayramören District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 129 (2021).
# Tarjan's algorithm

Tarjan's algorithm may refer to one of several algorithms attributed to Robert Tarjan, including:
* Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm
* Tarjan's off-line lowest common ancestors algorithm
* Tarjan's algorithm for finding bridges in an undirected graph
* Tarjan's algorithm for finding simple circuits in a directed graph
# The House of Toys

The House of Toys is a 1920 American silent drama film directed by George L. Cox and starring Seena Owen, Pell Trenton, and Helen Jerome Eddy.

## Cast

* Seena Owen as Shirley Lord
* Pell Trenton as David Quentin
* Helen Jerome Eddy as Esther Summers
* Lillian Leighton as Aunt Clara
* George Hernandez as Jonathan Radbourne
* Stanhope Wheatcroft as Richard Holden
* Henry A. Barrows (Undetermined Role)
* Marian Skinner (Undetermined Role)
* William Buckley (Undetermined Role)
* Perry Banks (Undetermined Role)
# The Cat Shows Her Claws

The Cat Shows Her Claws (French: La chatte sort ses griffes) is a 1960 French war drama film directed by Henri Decoin and starring Françoise Arnoul, Horst Frank and François Guérin. It was shot at the Billancourt Studios in Paris and on location around Paris including Montmartre. It is the sequel to the 1958 film The Cat about the French Resistance.

## Synopsis

Cora Menessier is sentenced to death by the Resistance in 1944 for an alleged betrayal. After her execution she is left for dead, but is recovered by the Germans who brainwash her and plan to use her as a counter-agent. They release her to target a Resistance operation designed to blow up a train carrying V1s to be used to bombard London and the English coast.

## Cast

* Françoise Arnoul as Cora Menessier dite La Chatte
* Horst Frank as Major von Hollwitz
* François Guérin as Louis
* Harold Kay as Charles
* Françoise Spira as Marie-José
* Jacques Fabbri as Gustave - le chef du réseau Sud
* Bernard La Jarrige as Dalmier dit Athos
* Michel Jourdan as Tonio
* Anne Tonietti as Maud
* Chris Van Loosen as Clara
* Gérard Darrieu as Jean-Lou
* Jean-Pierre Zola as Un officier allemand
* France Asselin as Madame Buisson
* Liliane Patrick as La secrétaire de Dalmier
* Ginette Pigeon as L'infirmière allemande
* Anna Gaylor as Mademoiselle Lepage - l'assistante sociale
* Albert Médina as Le patron du restaurant
* Gabriel Gobin as Le conducteur de la locomotive
* Jean Berton as Le cheminot résistant
* Robert Berri as Le chauffeur du camion lors de l'accident simulé
* Robert Le Fort as Un cheminot
* Albert Michel as Un cheminot
* Georges Atlas as Le barman
* Marie Glory as La concierge
* Werner Peters as Le général allemand
# The Ghana Girl Guides Association

The Ghana Girl Guides Association (GGGA) is the National Guiding organization of Ghana. It serves 26,909 members (as of 2014). Founded in 1921 in Accra, the girls-only organization became a full member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1960. GGGA is supported by its parent association, the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts.

## Sections

* Huhuwa Guides - aged 4 – 7
* Ananse Guides - aged 7 – 10
* Girl Guides - aged 10 – 14
* Ranger Guides - aged 14–25

## Ananse (Brownies) Guides

An Ananse is a member of a Guiding organization for girls aged seven years old to nine years old.
Brownies were first organized by Lord Baden-Powell in 1914, to complete the range of age groups for girls in Scouting. They were first run as the youngest group in the Guide Association by Agnes Baden-Powell, Lord Baden-Powell's younger sister. In 1918 his wife Lady Olave Baden-Powell took over the responsibility for the Girl Guides and thus for Brownies.
The Brownies Motto: “Always Ready to Help”.
Their Promise:
I promise that I will do my best
To do my duty to God
To serve my country, help other people
And to keep the Ananse Guide Law“
An Ananse Guide is truthful, obedient and cheerful and thinks of others before herself”
Ananse Guides are purposeful and sincere members of the Guide family.
They are busy people who love making things, playing games, helping at home, acting and singing in packs; shuttle at all levels and go out for picnics and treasure hunts.
The Group is called a Pack. They are always put into a group of six and they are called sixes. The leader in a group is called Sixer assisted by her Second.
See also
* The Ghana Scout Association
# Biddende Maria

The Biddende Maria (Mary in Prayer or Virgin at prayer) is an oil-on-panel painting by the Flemish Renaissance artist Quentin Matsys. The painting was produced in the first decade of the 16th century, probably in 1500. The painting is currently housed at the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp. The panel is the interior of the left wing of a diptych with the painting on the other side being a Salvator Mundi.

## Painting

The painting depicts Mary at prayer. Her head is covered with a gauze veil upon which rests a crown. The painting's delicate rendering and soft hues create a sweetness that is tempered by the figure's stately and austere bearing.
# Circle City Roller Derby

Circle City Roller Derby (CCRD), formerly the Circle City Roller Girls, is a women's flat track roller derby league based in Indianapolis, Indiana. Founded in 2008, the league currently consists of two teams which compete against teams from other leagues. Circle City is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

## History

The league initially bouted at the Ellenberger Park Ice Rink, but this closed, and they moved to The Forum at Fishers. In 2016, during their eighth season, they moved to bout at Perry Park, in Indianapolis, on the southside of the park. The league has close links with Men's Roller Derby Association league, the Race City Rebels, and the Indianapolis Junior Derby team.
Circle City was accepted into the Women's Flat Track Derby Association Apprentice Program in April 2011, and became a full member of the WFTDA in June 2012.
On December 15, 2020, the league announced via their Facebook page that they would be changing their name to Circle City Roller Derby, writing that the “rebranding reflects our commitment to inclusivity, welcoming all athletes into our community.” Currently the team is working to update their social media platforms, merchandise, and possibly their logo as well.

## WFTDA rankings

| Season | Final ranking | Playoffs | Championship |
| 2013 | 135 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2014 | 164 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2015 | 240 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2016 | 219 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2017 | 197 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2018 | 237 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2019 | 220 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
| 2020 | 213 WFTDA | DNQ | DNQ |
# Dimbelenge

Dimbelenge is a city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is located in Kasaï-Central. As of 2012, it had an estimated population of 3,990.
# Ed Merkle

Edward Lee Merkle (July 3, 1917 – November 27, 1987) was an American football guard in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. He played college football at Oklahoma A&M.

## Biography

Ed Merkle was born July 3, 1917, at Windsor, Missouri. He was of Dutch-German ancestry.
He attended Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College (Oklahoma A&M), today's Oklahoma State University, where he played football for the Cowboys.
He joined the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL) for the 1944 season, seeing action in 10 games and starting in 4. After World War II, Merkle attempted to resurrect his professional football career as a member of the Los Angeles Dons of the All-America Football Conference, but he was released just ahead of the season and did not see regular season action for that team.
Merkle died November 27, 1987 in Los Angeles County, California. He was 70 years old at the time of his death.
# University of Calabar Library

The University of Calabar Library is an autonomous research institution and the main academic library of the University of Calabar, located in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The current University Librarian is Professor Aniebiet Inyang Ntui.
Established in 1975, the library has since grown to become one of the largest and most comprehensive academic libraries in Nigeria and West Africa, serving as a resource for students, faculty, and researchers in South South Nigeria.

## History

The University of Calabar Library was established in 1975, shortly after the creation of the university to support the creative process. Initially, the library was housed in a temporary location, but in 1981 it moved to its current location, a spacious and modern building designed specifically for the library's needs. The library has since undergone several renovations and expansions to accommodate its growing collections and users.

## Organization and Governance

The University of Calabar Library is an independent institution governed by the University Librarian. The library is further organized into several departments, including Technical Services, Reader Services, and Special Collections.
The current Chief Executive of the Library is Aniebiet Inyang Ntui, a Nigerian Diplomat and Professor of Library and Information Science, who began serving in February 2022.
The Technical Services department is responsible for the acquisition, cataloging, and processing of library materials. The Reader Services department is responsible for providing reference and information services, as well as circulation and interlibrary loan services. The Special Collections department is responsible for collecting and preserving rare and unique materials, such as manuscripts, archives, and other special collections.

## Collection and Services

The University of Calabar Library has a vast collection of print and electronic resources in various fields of study, including humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and medicine. The library's holdings include over 200,000 books, 2,000 current journal titles, and numerous electronic resources such as e-books, e-journals, databases, and other online resources.
The library provides a range of services to support research, teaching, and learning activities of the university community. These services include reference and information services, circulation services, interlibrary loan services, document delivery services, and access to electronic resources.
In addition to its traditional library services, the University of Calabar Library also offers specialized services such as bibliographic instruction, orientation for new students and staff, and digital literacy training. The library also hosts various academic events, such as lectures, seminars, workshops, and exhibitions, to promote research and scholarship in the university community.
# Tantalus Fossae

Tantalus Fossae is a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 50.9° north latitude and 97.5° west longitude. They are about 2,400 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 35N, 110W. Troughs like this one are called fossae on Mars.