OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brodmann area 32

The Brodmann area 32, also known in the human brain as the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32, refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate cortex. In the human it forms an outer arc around the anterior cingulate gyrus. The cingulate sulcus defines approximately its inner boundary and the superior rostral sulcus (H) its ventral boundary; rostrally it extends almost to the margin of the frontal lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, externally by medial margins of the agranular frontal area 6, intermediate frontal area 8, granular frontal area 9, frontopolar area 10, and prefrontal area 11-1909. (Brodmann19-09).
The dorsal region of the anterior cingulate gyrus is associated with rational thought processes, most notably active during the Stroop task.

## Guenon

In the guenon, Brodmann area 32 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of cerebral cortex. This area was named 25 in Brodmann-1905 and labeled 25 in a figure contributed by Brodmann in Mauss-1908. In Brodmann-1909, however, the area was labeled 32 and the name "area 25" was attached to the area that has since been the accepted area 25 of Brodmann-1909 (Vogt-87). Distinguishing features according to Brodmann-1905: in contrast with area 6 of Brodmann-1909 the cortex of area 32 is relatively thick; the transition from cortex to white matter is more gradual; the distribution of cells is less dense; and there is no distinct boundary between the inner pyramidal layer (V) and the multiform layer (VI); it is similar to area 6 in the general absence of distinct layers, particularly of an internal granular layer (IV), but differs in that cells are smaller and there is an increased density of medium-sized pyramidal cells at the level of layer IV; this population of cells makes area 32 similar to the neighboring area 24 of Brodmann-1909; it differs from area 24 by its greater overall thickness and a particularly thick layer VI that merges gradually with the subcortical white matter. Brodmann-1909 regarded area 32 as topologically, but not cytoarchitecturally, homologous to the human dorsal anterior cingulate area 32; area 25 of Walker-1940 is topologically homologous to area 32.

## Image

* Animation.
* Medial view.
# Academic age

The academic age is the time that a scientist has been in the research field and performed active research. The academic age of a scientist may be computed as the span of years from their first published work up until the present. Another definition regards the academic age as the time since their doctoral degree.
When the academic age is computed in formal settings, the academic age may be adjusted taking into account maternity and paternity leave, long-term illness, clinical training and/or national service.
The academic age may be used as one of the components in scientometrics studies, particularly author-level metrics.
The academic age may be a strict criterion for certain grant applications. For instance, the European Research Council has several funding schemes restricted to specific academic ages: So-called Starting Grants require an academic age of 2 to 7 years, Consolidator grants require an academic age of 7 to 12 years and Advanced Grants require "a track-record of significant research achievements in the last 10 years".
# Alfred Brooks (cricketer)

Alfred James Brooks (24 March 1846 – 20 November 1911) was an English cricketer. Brooks was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire.
Brooks made two first-class appearances for Nottinghamshire in 1877, both against Surrey. In his first match at Trent Bridge, Nottinghamshire won the toss and elected to bat first, making 150 all out, with Brooks scoring 6 runs before he was dismissed by James Southerton. In response, Surrey made 103 all out in their first-innings, with Brooks taking the wickets of George Elliott and Allen Chandler to finish with figures of 2/10 from twelve overs. Responding in their second-innings, Nottinghamshire made 120 all out, with Brooks being dismissed for 3 runs by George Strachan. In their second-innings, Surrey made 149 all out, with Brooks taking the wickets of Harry Jupp and Chandler, to finish with figures of 2/30 from 26.1 overs. Nottinghamshire won the match by 18 runs. In the return fixture at The Oval, Surrey won the toss and elected to bat, making 250 all out in their first-innings, during which Brooks took the wicket of George Jones to finish with figures of 1/45 from 32.1 overs. Nottinghamshire could then only manage just 97 all out in their first-innings, with him ending the innings not out on 1. Forced to follow-on in their second-innings, Nottinghamshire were dismissed for 247, with Brooks himself dismissed for a duck by Ted Barratt. Requiring 95 for victory, Surrey reached their target with three wickets to spare.
He died at the town of his birth on 20 November 1911.
# Broken Safety

Broken Safety is the debut studio album by American rapper 40 Cal. from Harlem, New York. It was released on August 8, 2006 via Diplomat Records, Asylum Records, Atlantic Records and Cleopatra Records, and features guest appearances from Akon, Bezel, Freekey Zekey, J.R. Writer, A-Mafia, Young Ace, Rod Man and Su Da Boss.

## Chart history

| Chart (2006) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 81 |
# Bruce Irwin

James Bruce Irwin (17 November 1921 – 4 January 2012) was a New Zealand draughtsperson and botantical artist.

## Biography

Bruce Irwin was born in 1921 in Whanganui. He fell in love with orchids in New Zealand, and attended Whanganui Technical College there. When World War II began, he was 17 years old and was working at the survey department in New Plymouth. He and his friend Sid Gibson used to collect and draw orchids in nearby Egmont National Park. Despite his military service and a year spent in occupied Japan, he carried out a great deal of work with Sid's son Owen Gibson on Mount Taranaki and executed a number of orchid watercolors during the war and in the immediate postwar period.
Irwin later worked for the Cartographic Branch of the Department of Lands and Survey, where his paintings came to the attention of the botanist Lucy Moore. He quit the Cartographic Branch in 1962 and went to live at his camp in Marlborough Sounds. A collaboration with Moore began, which resulted in his illustrating Volume II of the Flora of New Zealand (1970) and The Oxford Book of New Zealand Plants (1978).
By the 1970s, he had taken a part-time job in the Art Department of Otago Medical School. He largely abandoned watercolors for large-scale pencil drawings, which he felt better illustrated botanical points. After 11.5 years of work on illustrations for The Oxford Book of New Zealand Plants, he retired from his job to pursue orchid cultivation in Tauranga.
In 1986 he did some illustrations for Clarkson's Vegetation of Egmont National Park and in 2007, Brian Tyler published a book of his drawings. During the last years of his life, he cultivated orchids at the Te Puna Quarry Park. He received a number of botanical awards, and a species of Pterostylis was named after him, Pterostylis irwinii.
# Charlton, Northamptonshire

Charlton is a village in the parish of Newbottle, Northamptonshire, England in between Brackley and Kings Sutton, lying close to a small tributary of the River Cherwell. At the 2011 census the population was included in the civil parish of Newbottle, with a total population of around 540.
Other nearby villages include Croughton, Aynho and Hinton-in-the-Hedges. The remains of an Iron Age fort, Rainsborough Camp, lie just to the south of the village.
The lawyer and politician F.E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead lived on Main Street in the village, in a house called The Cottage. He took as his second peerage title Viscount Furneaux of Charlton, and his ashes are buried in the village cemetery.
# Araceli Niño López

Araceli Niño López is Mexican politician representing the National Action Party (PAN). A doctor by profession, she served in the XIV Legislature of the Congress of Baja California Sur from 2015 to 2018.

## Early life

Born in Cintalapa, Chiapas, Niño López studied medicine at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), graduating in 1974. She married UNAM veterinarian student Marco Antonio Chavira Martínez, and moved with him to his native Baja California Sur in 1978, where she remained for the rest of her life after having two children. As a doctor in Comondú, she was an active member of the community, serving as president of the Mexican Red Cross. In 2012 she was nominated for the "María Dionisia Villarino Espinoza" medal for her social work with women in the state.

## Political career

Niño López began her political career in local government, serving as both a regidora and director of public security for Comondú Municipality. In the 2015 elections, she won a seat representing the 10th district in the XIV Legislature of the Congress of Baja California Sur, where she served as head of the Committee for Health, Families and Public Assistance (Comisión de la Salud, la Familia y la Asistencia Pública). In March 2018 she requested and was granted a temporary release from her duties to begin campaigning for another office during the 2018 elections. She ran as a candidate for municipal president of Comondú, losing to José Walter Valenzuela Acosta.
# Burning Tower

Burning Tower is a fantasy novel by American writers Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle. It is a sequel to The Burning City, set some years after that novel concluded. It was published in 2005.

## Plot summary

The three main characters are Sandry, a Lord of Tep's Town, Sandry's cousin Regapisk, also a Lord, and Burning Tower, a daughter of Whandall, the main character of the previous book. Regapisk is an incompetent Lord and his family arrange for him to be shanghaied to become an oarsman on a coastal ship. Sandry and Burning Tower are romantically linked throughout the book.
Large flightless birds attack trading caravans, but Sandry fights them off. He is sent by the Lords with the caravan, of which Burning Tower is also a part, to discover the source of the birds. They travel to the southern city of Condigeo and then to Crescent City, defeating terror bird attacks along the way. In Crescent City, they are joined by Regapisk, who has escaped from his ship. The three of them travel on to the high-magic city of Aztlan, where Regapisk redeems himself.
The authors researched Aztec culture for the book, and many aspects of the culture depicted in the book are based on that research. This is explained in a brief note at the end of the book. Also mentioned is that within the described timeline, the terror birds continued to exist until long after humans spread through the Americas; this is based on the North American phorusrhacid Titanis walleri (but see McFadden et al. 2007).

## Sources

* McFadden, Bruce; Labs-Hochstein, Joann; Hulbert, Richard C. Jr. & Baskin, Jon A. (2007): Revised age of the late Neogene terror bird (Titanis) in North America during the Great American Interchange. Geology 35(2): 123–126. doi:10.1130/G23186A.1 PDF fulltext
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# Courage to Care Award

Since April 23, 1987, the Anti-Defamation League has given award the Courage to Care Award to honor rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust. In 2011, the award was renamed the Jan Karski Courage to Care Award in honor of one of its 1988 recipients, Jan Karski, a Polish Righteous who provided one of the first eyewitness accounts of the Final Solution to the West.

## Background

Since 1962, the Yad Vashem Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority conferred the title "Righteous Among the Nations" on non-Jews who risked their lives to save Jews. Yad Vashem was established in 1953 to perpetuate the memory of the Jewish world destroyed in the Holocaust. A special committee is impaneled to study the evidence gathered from survivors and documents in order to establish the authenticity of each rescue story. To date, over 9,000 men and women have been so honored by Yad Vashem.
In addition to examining its own records, ADL consults with Yad Vashem before conferring the Courage to Care award. The Courage to Care program is sponsored by Eileen Ludwig Greenland.

## Award

The award plaque features miniature bas-reliefs depicting the backdrop for the rescuers’ exceptional deeds during the Nazi persecution, deportation and murder of millions of Jews. It is a replica of the plaques which constitute the Holocaust Memorial Wall created by noted sculptor Arbit Blatas, who also created the Holocaust Memorial in Paris and the display in the old ghetto of Venice. The award is given during specific programs and ceremonies sponsored by the ADL, often occurring several times a year, when possible.
Miep Gies and her husband Jan received the first Courage to Care award on Thursday, April 23, 1987.

## Recipients

Courage to Care honorees.
* János Eszterházy, 2011
* Irene Gut Opdyke, 2009
* Gilberto Bosques Saldivar, 2008
* Eduardo Propper de Callejón, 2008
* Clara M. Ambrus (Bayer), 2008
* Martha and Waitstill Sharp, 2007
* Khaled Abdelwahhab, 2007
* Ernst Leitz II, 2007
* Mefail and Njazi Biçaku, 2007
* Hiram "Harry" Bingham IV, 2006
* Nicholas Winton, 2006
* Konstantin Koslovsky, 2006
* The People of Turkey, (accepted by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, 2005)
* Giovanni Palatucci, 2004
* Dimitrios P. Spiliakos, 2004
* Kostas Nikolaou, 2003
* Johanna Vos, 2003
* The Partisans of Riccone, Italy, 2003
* Hans Georg Calmeyer, 2002
* Hannah Pick-Goslar, 2000
* Monsignor Beniamo Schivo, 1999
* The People of Bulgaria (accepted by President Petar Stoyanov), 1998
* Shyqyri Myrto, 1997
* Renia & Jerzy Kozminski, 1996
* Emilie & Oskar Schindler, 1993
* Alice & Paul Paulus, 1993
* People of Denmark, 1993
* Peter Vlcko, 1991
* Stefania Burzminski née Podgórska, 1991
* Mela & Alex Roslan, 1990
* Friedrich Born, 1990
* Marion P. Pritchard, 1990
* Jan and Anna Puchalski, 1989
* Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, 1989
* Chiune Sugihara, 1989
* Selahattin Ülkümen, 1988
* Jan Karski, 1988
* Aristides De Sousa Mendes, 1987
* Jan & Miep Gies, 1987
# Carl August Heinrich Ferdinand Oesterley

Carl August Heinrich Ferdinand Oesterley (January 23, 1839 – December 16, 1930) was a German landscape painter who eventually specialized in scenes from Norway.

## Biography

He was a native of Göttingen, the son of painter Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Oesterley. He attended classes at the Polytechnikum in Hannover, where he studied under his father. Beginning 1857, he attended the Kunstakademie (Art Academy) in Düsseldorf, where he studied painting under Ernst Deger and Eduard Bendemann.
During a visit to Lübeck in 1865, where he copied Hans Memling's Passion, he made some attempts at architectural and landscape painting. These turned out so well that from then on he dedicated himself to landscape painting. Beginning in 1870 he focused his artistic efforts mainly on Norwegian landscapes, for which he devoted several study trips. Together with his friend Carl Rodeck, he also visited the Netherlands, Belgium and England. He lived in Hamburg and received a first-class medal from the Münchener Ausstellung (Munich Exhibition). He died in Altona-Blankenese, now Hamburg.

## Selected paintings

His best works, characterized by their grand conception and skillful use of color and light, are:
* Mitternachtstimmung bei den Lofoten (Midnight mood in the Lofoten)
* Norwegische Gebirgsschlucht (Mountain gorge in Norway)
* Romsdalsfjord, norwegischer Fjord (Romsdalshorn Fjord, Norway, 1891, Leipzig Museum)
* Raftsund im nördlichen Norwegen (Raft Sound in northern Norway, 1879, Breslau Museum)
* Fischer an der norwegischen Küste (Fishing on the Norwegian coast)
* Nordische Sommernacht (Nordic summer night)
* Oldenvand im Nordfjord (Oldenvand in Nordfjord, 1885, National Gallery, Berlin)
* Am Saltenfjord (View on Salten Fiord, 1882, Hamburg Gallery)
# Daniel Aegerter

Daniel Simon Aegerter (born July 20, 1969) is a Swiss businessman and venture capitalist. Formerly founder and CEO of Tradex Technologies, he later founded Armada Investment AG to manage his wealth. He was an early investor in Nutmeg (company), N26, Lilium GmbH, and Commonwealth Fusion Systems.

## Early life

Daniel Aegerter was born in Bern, Switzerland. His father, Simon, is a physicist and the founder of the Swiss Science Center Technorama. His mother, Irene, is also a physicist and a former member of the Swiss Commission for Nuclear Safety.

## Career

At the age of 18, Aegerter founded his first company, Megabyte.
In 1988, at the age of 19, Aegerter founded Dynabit, an importer and distributor of Apple Macintosh peripherals, particularly for those used in electronic publishing. At that time, he was working as an intern for Swiss Bank Corporation. He received a loan of 250,000 Swiss francs from Zug Cantonal Bank.
In 1990, he moved to Tampa (Florida) with his wife to start a computer trading business. In 1996, he founded Tradex Technologies as an Internet-based system for automating the purchase of computer equipment distributed by Dynabit.
In December 1999, SAP Ariba agreed to acquire the company for $1.9 billion in stock. By the time the deal closed in March 2000, the stock was worth $5.6 billion and Aegarter was a billionaire on paper. After the dot-com bubble burst, Aegarter's fortune dwindled to 500 million Swiss francs. He formed Armada Investment Group, a family office to manage his wealth. He capitalized the company with $120 million.
Aegerter was a member of the Board of Directors of euNetworks from 2010 to 2018 and of Nutmeg (company) from 2012 to 2019. He funded Emergency Reactor co-founded by activist Zion Lights and Robert Stone.
Aegerter is a member of World Minds.

## Personal life

Aegerter is married and has 2 sons. He owns a $12 million mansion in Zumikon.

### Sponsorships

In July 2019, the "Medium Goal" tournament, both founded and sponsored by Daniel Aegerter, took place for the 14th time.

### Nuclear power

In February 2017, Aegerter and other investors invested a total of USD 4.5 million in the startup Transatomic Power. He is also an investor in Oklo, designer of the Aurora nuclear reactor.

### Armada VC investments

Aegerter's investment firm "Armada VC" invested a total of $3 million in Flytrex in January 2017, along with several angel investors, to enable drone deliveries.
Armada Investment participated in a collection campaign of the German pension platform Xpension in April 2020. A total of 25 million EUR was raised. In October 2020, Armada Investment supported the Swiss regulator, which was close to approval.

### Movies

In 2020, the film "Chasing the Moon", of which Aegerter was one of the producers, was awarded a Creative Arts Emmy.
# Surfabout

Surfabout was a surfing competition held annually in Sydney, Australia between 1974 and 1991[citation needed]. It was sponsored by Coca-Cola and radio station 2SM and hence called the Coke Surfabout or the Coke/2SM Surfabout. The contest was run in late Autumn, after the Bells Beach Classic at Easter.
The contest was taken to Channel 9 in 1978 by 2SM Program Director Barry Chapman who convinced then Director of Sport David Hill that Surfabout would make great television. The promotions and advertising manager at the time for Coca-Cola bottlers Sydney was Colin Gelling who was instrumental in televising the event and was executive producer. The series won a Gold Logie for 'Best Sports Event' that year. Surfabout had a waiting period and was mobile so it could go to the best waves on Sydney's northern beaches. It also followed the man on man format, previously devised by Peter Drouyn for the 1977 Stubbies at Burleigh Heads, Queensland, and this added further excitement for spectators and television viewers
In 1979 down to the round of 16, Sydney went completely flat and showed no signs of improving. With the contest and television program series at risk, Surfabout showed just how mobile a "mobile" contest can be when Chapman and Hill after discussion with Contest Director Holmes (Tracks magazine Editor) took the decision a great cost to the sponsors to fly the final 16 contestants, contest officials and television crew 600 miles to big cold waves at Bells Beach for the remaining rounds. Six light aircraft flew over Bells Beach to find a beautiful 8 ft swell lined up off Point Rincon. Cheyne Horan was the winner of this never to be repeated spectacular.
In 1991 Coke ran a promotion giving the winner of a "pick the best wave" television competition a spot competing in the Surfabout. This was controversial among professional surfers because it would put some couch potato into a contest which had, at the time, the second-highest prize money on the world tour. Mark Richards defended them, saying "without Coke there is no such thing as professional surfing in Australia". The idea might have been a stunt, but with an endorsement like that from one of the big names in Australian surfing the controversy evaporated.

## Winners

(This list is incomplete.)
    YearWinner 1974Michael Peterson 1975Wayne Lynch 1976Mark Richards 1977Simon Anderson 1978Larry Blair 1979Cheyne Horan 1980Buzzy Kerbox 1981Simon Anderson 1982Wayne Bartholomew 1983Tom Carroll
# Coûteaux

Coûteaux, Couteaux is a French surname meaning 'knife'. Notable people with the surname include:
* André Couteaux (1925–1985), French author
* Paul-Marie Coûteaux (born 1956), French politician and author
# Highway 12 (Israel)

Highway 12 is a single carriageway road in the South District of Israel. It surrounds the mountains of Eilat from the north and west, and it connects Eilat to Highway 10 and Highway 40, which lead toward central Israel. Highway 10 continues north toward the Gaza Strip, whereas Highway 40 proceeds to Beersheba via Mizpe Ramon.

## Description of the route from south to north

Highway 12 begins as an urban boulevard in Eilat exiting the city to the west. It then runs northwest toward the border of Israel with Egypt. Then it turns north past the Netafim Border Crossing and the northern mountains of Eilat.
At Sayarim junction it intersects with Highway 10. It continues northeast past Ovda airport and reaches its north terminus at Shizafon junction, where it intersects with Highway 40.

## Junctions (south to north)

| District | Location | km | mi | Name | Destinations |
| Southern | Eilat | 0 | 0.0 | אילת (Eilat) | HaGai Street Highway 90 |
| Southern | Netafim Border Crossing | 12 | 7.5 | מעבר נטפים (Netafim Crossing) | Entrance road |
| Southern | Sayarim Valley | 41 | 25 | צומת סיירים (Sayarim Junction) | Highway 10 |
| Southern | Uvda | 56 | 35 | | Entrance road to Ovda Airport |
| Southern | Shaharut | 65 | 40 | | Road 1101 |
| Southern | Neot Semadar | 71 | 44 | צומת שיזפון (Shizafon Junction) | Highway 40 |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||||
# Cassius & Adelia Baker House

Cassius & Adelia Baker House is a historic house in Wamego, Kansas, U.S.. It was built in 1910. It was designed in the American Craftsman architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since June 25, 2013.
# Crambus cyrilellus

Crambus cyrilellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Alexander Barrett Klots in 1942. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas and Utah.
The length of the forewings is 9.5–11 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in May and July.