OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Doumergue Agreement

The Doumergue Agreement was a secret 1917 agreement between France and Russia concerning their war aims in World War I. Gaston Doumergue, the French Minister for Colonies, visited Petrograd and negotiated the agreement on 3 February 1917 with Tsar Nicholas II and the Russian officials. According to the agreement, France would regain Alsace-Lorraine in its boundaries of 1790 and 'the entire coal district of the Saar valley'. It further stipulated that France would secure the Left Bank of the Rhine by organizing into neutral buffer states those parts of the region that would not be annexed by France outright. In exchange, France promised Russia to support Russian annexations in Poland at the expense of the Central Powers.
The terms of the agreement were set in writing in a letter exchange between Maurice Paleologue, the French Ambassador to Russia, and Nikolai Pokrovsky, the Russian foreign minister, on 14 February 1917. The agreement was approved by the French prime minister, Aristide Briand, but not disclosed to other members of his cabinet. It is unlikely that a majority of ministers would have approved the pact as it was too expansionist.
# Doumergue's fringe-fingered lizard

Doumergue's fringe-fingered lizard (Acanthodactylus spinicauda), also known commonly as Doumergue's fringe-toed lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae.

## Geographic range

A. spinicauda is found in Algeria.

## Habitat

The natural habitats of A. spinicauda are open stony and flat sandy places.

## Reproduction

A. spinicauda is oviparous, and the average clutch size is 8 eggs.

## Conservation status

The species A. spinicauda is considered "Critically Endangered" because of small geographic range, fragmented distribution within that range, and habitat loss. The species was collected for the first time in 1901. After more than a century no individuals were ever discovered again until recently in 2015, a discovery was made by an Algerian zoological team (D. Boualem, 2016).
# Dover Barrage

The Dover Barrage was an underwater blockade by England of German submarines attempting to use the English Channel during World War I. The barrage consisted of explosive mines and indicator nets. A similar barrage was used in World War II.

## Use in World War I

The barrier consisted of minefields laid between Belgium and Dover at the outbreak of war, followed in February 1915 by 25 km of Indicator nets, steel netting anchored to the sea bed. The first evidence of effectiveness was on 4 March 1915, when the German U-boat U-8 was taken, caught in the indicator nets.
The first stage of the barrage was completed in April 1915 and it was patrolled by ships of the Dover patrol.
Both sides initially believed the barrier to be effective and the Germans attributed some submarine losses to it. However, in March 1916, the Germans found their submarines could traverse the Channel on the surface at night.
The British moved the barrier to cover Folkestone-Cap Gris Nez and used new mines and searchlights, effectively closing the Channel to hostile submarines in August 1918. Underwater scanning of the area covered by the Dover Barrage shows the wreck of SM UB-109 broken in half.

## Use in World War II

A mine barrage was also used in Dover during the 1940 Siege of Calais.
# Hurcott Farm

Hurcott Farm (grid reference ST511295) is a 26.3 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Somerset, notified in 1993.
At this site heavily cemented Pleistocene terrace gravels of the River Cary have yielded an abundant freshwater and terrestrial molluscan fauna. The fauna has an interglacial aspect, and includes Corbicula fluminalis and Pisidium clessini. This site is of critical importance as the keystone of the Pleistocene stratigraphy of southern Somerset, and as a freshwater facies-equivalent of the Burtle Beds.

## Sources

* English Nature citation sheet for the site (accessed 10 August 2006)
# Hundred of Tungkillo

The Hundred of Tungkillo is a cadastral unit of hundred in the southeastern foothills of the Mount Lofty Ranges. One of the 10 hundreds of the County of Sturt, it was proclaimed on 7 August 1851 by Governor Henry Young. According to local historian Geoff Manning, the place name is derived from tainkila an indigenous term used by the Peramangk people meaning "ghost moth grubs" which was first applied to Tungkillo mine, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south of the township of Palmer in the east of the hundred.
Apart from the towns of Tungkillo in the hundred's west and Palmer in the hundred's east, minor portions of the localities of Mount Pleasant, Birdwood, Mount Torrens, Milendella, Mannum and Rockleigh cross over the western, northern and eastern borders of the hundred, respectively.

## Local government

The District Council of Tungkillo was established in 1855, incorporating the entirety of the hundred. In 1935 the council amalgamated with the District of Springton to become part of the new District of Mount Pleaseant. In the late 1990s the councils in the region were shuffled again and Mount Pleasant was dissolved. The Hundred of Tungkillo became the Tungkillo–Palmer ward of the new Mid Murray Council. As of 2019 the hundred forms a part of the Mid Murray council's Shearer ward.
# Dorothy Brown

Dorothy Brown may refer to:
* Dorothy Lavinia Brown (1919–2004), African American surgeon, legislator, and teacher
* Dorothy A. Brown (politician) (born 1953), American lawyer and politician
* Dorothy A. Brown (law professor) (born 1960), American law professor and tax reform advocate
* Diorbhail Nic a' Bhriuthainn (died 1644), Scottish Gaelic poet and songwriter
# Hungarian Soviet War

The Hungarian Soviet war may refer to:
* Hungary in World War II#Invasion of the Soviet Union (1941)
* The Hungarian Revolution of 1956
# Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii

Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae from northern South America.

## Distribution

Its distribution is poorly known but has two main areas: western Amazonian basin in Leticia in southeastern Colombia, Acre in western Brazil, and Pando Department in northern Bolivia, and the Guiana Shield region in Pará in northern Brazil, southern Suriname, Guyana, and Delta Amacuro and Monagas states in northeastern Venezuela. It is very similar to Hyalinobatrachium munozorum and Hyalinobatrachium ruedai, and it may be impossible to distinguish these species on the basis of morphological characteristics alone.

## Description

Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii has snout that is rounded in dorsal and lateral view. The tympanumic membrane is not visible. The belly and parietal peritoneum are transparent, whereas pericardium is white with minute melanophores. The dorsum is green with small yellow dots and minute melanophores. The iris is golden and reticulated by dark spots. The hands and feet are yellow.

## Habitat

Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii is exclusively associated with riverbank vegetation.
# Double-lip embouchure

The double-lip embouchure is a type of embouchure used in playing woodwind instruments like oboe and bassoon, and occasionally clarinet and saxophone. It contrasts with the single-lip embouchure in that both lips cover the dental surfaces.
Historically the double-lip embouchure was common among clarinettists, and was advocated in methods books, such as those by Jean-Xavier Lefèvre and Franz Frohlich. The shift in the 1820s to playing with the reed facing downwards corresponded with a move away from exclusive double-lip embouchure. Double-lip embouchure was similarly recommended in early saxophone materials, such as those of Adolphe Sax and Louis Mayeur.
The double-lip embouchure supports more even lip muscle development, since both lips are involved in maintaining control of the mouthpiece/reed. Clarinettist Keith Stein suggests that double-lip playing on that instrument can be used as a remedial technique to address issues of "tone production, upper register tonguing, legato binding, high tones, [and] undue tenseness". David Pino recommends this technique to address excess pressure from the jaw as well as "tense, pinching" tone on clarinet. He notes that performers who use this method feel "it is the best way to achieve openness and freedom in tone quality and response".
A double-lip embouchure is sometimes recommended by dentists for single-reed players for whom the single-lip approach is potentially harmful.
Prominent practitioners of double-lip embouchure on saxophone include Johnny Hodges and Warne Marsh; Lee Konitz reported using it for ballads. Clarinettists using this technique include Ralph McLane, Louis Cahuzac, Reginald Kell, and Richard Stoltzman.
# Hydrangea peruviana

Hydrangea peruviana is a species of shrub or woody climber in the flowering plant family Hydrangeaceae. It is native to Central America and South America.
# Hydrangea petiolaris

Hydrangea petiolaris, a climbing hydrangea (syn: Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris), is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae native to the woodlands of Japan, the Korean peninsula, and on Sakhalin island of easternmost Siberia in the Russian Far East.
Hydrangea petiolaris is sometimes treated as a subspecies of the closely related Hydrangea anomala from China, Myanmar, and the Himalaya, as Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris. The Hydrangea anomala species differs in being smaller (to 12 metres (39 ft) ) and having flower corymbs up to 15 cm diameter. The common name Climbing hydrangea is applied to both species, or to species and subspecies.

## Description

Hydrangea petiolaris is a vigorous woody climbing vine plant, growing to 30 to 50 ft (9 to 15 m) height and 5 to 6 ft (2 to 2 m) wide. It grows up trees and rock faces in its native Asian habitats, climbing by means of small aerial roots on the stems. The leaves are deciduous, ovate, 4–11 cm long and 3–8 cm broad, with a heart-shaped base, coarsely serrated margin and acute apex.
The flowers are produced in flat corymbs 15–25 cm diameter in mid-summer; each corymb includes a small number of peripheral sterile white flowers 2.5–4.5 cm across, and numerous small, off-white fertile flowers 1–2 mm diameter. The fruit is a dry urn-shaped capsule 3–5 mm diameter containing several small winged seeds.

## Cultivation

Hydrangea petiolaris is cultivated as an ornamental plant in Europe and North America. Climbing hydrangea is grown either on masonry walls or on sturdy trellises or fences. It is at its best where it gets morning sun and afternoon shade, however it can tolerate dense shade, and is therefore often selected for shady, north-facing areas with little or no sun. Its clinging rootlets are not as strong as some other wall-climbing vines, and so is often anchored with supplemental gardening ties. Its outward-reaching side shoots can be pruned back to a pair of buds to espalier it flatter against its support. When pruned during flowering, the blooms are useful in bouquets.
It can also be grown as a ground cover, to eventually grow over an area of up to 200 square feet (19 m$^2$).
It is an USDA climatic Zone 4a plant, so it can resist temperatures down to between -34.4 °C (-30 °F) and -31.7 °C (-25 °F).
The young leaves of climbing hydrangea are edible when cooked. Tasting like cucumber, they're sometimes added to Miso in Japan.

## Gallery

* Botanical illustration
* Plant form on garden wall.
* Foliage close-up.

## Etymology

‘Hydrangea’ is derived from Greek and means ‘water vessel’, which is in reference to the shape of its seed capsules.
# Hutatma Anant Kanhere Maidan

Anant Kanhere Maidan is a cricket ground in Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Formerly the stadium was known as Golf Club Ground. The ground is named after Hutatma Anant Kanhere, who was a freedom-fighter from Nasik. The ground has facilities of jogging track, cricket stadium, and sports complex.
This was home ground for Maharashtra cricket team since the dispute over the Nehru Stadium in Pune until the new stadium was constructed in Pune.

## Events

The ground registered its first-class match between Maharashtra cricket team and Tamil Nadu cricket team in 2005/06 Ranji Trophy season and the match was full of entertainment as match was won the home team Maharashtra by 9 wickets.
In the 2008/09 season the match between Maharashtra cricket team and Tamil Nadu cricket team saw the triple century from Tamil Nadu's Abhinav Mukund and double century from Murali Vijay. Both were immediately drafted in Indian side and where Vijay made his debut.
The ground has hosted matches of Polly Umrigar Trophy, Vijay Merchant Trophy, CK Nayudu Trophy, and Cooch Behar Trophy since the 2003/04 season. The ground also hosted a match between Bangladesh and Maharashtra under-22s in September 2009. The included Bangladeshi stars like Rajin Saleh, Imrul Kayes, and Suhrawadi Shuvo etc.
The ground also hosted the semi-final of 2010/11 Ranji Trophy season between Maharashtra and Rajasthan. The match was drawn but Rajasthan won by first innings lead. The ground is one of the few grounds in India which has registered two or triple centuries.
# Hundred of Erskine

The Hundred of Erskine is a hundred in the County of Dalhousie, South Australia. The hundred was established 1876 but contains no townships. Once regarded as 'governmental wasteland', it has been settled by pastoralists for over 150 years.
The land in the hundred has been used to grow cattle and sheep, as well as cereal crops including wheat, barley and oats. The closest town to the hundred is Orroroo.
The Hundred of Erskine borders the Hundred of Walloway to the West, the Hundred of Yalpara to the North, the Hundred of Cavenagh and Hundred of Coglin to the East and the Hundred of Morgan to the South.

## History

The land in the hundred was first sold in 1879.

## Stories

There are a number of stories from the early settlers of the area.
1. Early settler James Craig Jr was sinking a well on his property with dynamite. The charge he used didn't go off, so Craig went to investigate. As he was descending into the well the charge exploded, propelling him 70ft into the air. He died later that day.
2. After a long day shearing, some shearers would find themselves at Patsy Nugents wine shanty near Dawlish. On one such evening, a young Irishman attempted to 'earmark' one of his companions. In an effort to dissuade him, Nugent threw a lantern towards him, which hit him in the end. The kerosene from the lamp spilled onto him, igniting and leaving him with severely burnt ears.
3. William Hanna, also known as Billy Bangham, was a well known farmhand from the area. One day a young calf fell into a well, and his employer James Pollard proceeded to lower him into the well to retrieve it. While lowering him, the rope snapped, leaving Hanna stranded. Pollard was headed to Orroroo to get a heavier cable from the blacksmith to retrieve him. While passing through a creek his horses were spooked, throwing him from the cart and leaving him unconscious. He was found later that day in the creek and was admitted to hospital. After 32 hours he came out of his coma, whereupon he sent a message to the blacksmith. Two men sped off in a Ford to rescue Hanna. Both Hanna and the calf were rescued from the well. Upon being rescued, Hanna pronounced "Behold, Pluto, King of the Underworld."
Stories such as these show the spirit of those early settlers and the trials that they went through.
# Hyblaea synaema

Hyblaea synaema is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae. It is found in Queensland, Australia.
# Hyblaea rosacea

Hyblaea rosacea is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by Max Gaede in 1917.
# Hyblaea strigulata

Hyblaea strigulata is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by Max Gaede in 1917.
# Hyblaea tortricoides

Hyblaea tortricoides is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by Achille Guenée in 1852.
# Hydrea

Hydrea may refer to:
* Hydra island
* A brand name for the medication hydroxycarbamide
# Hydrelliinae

Hydrelliinae is a subfamily of shore flies in the family Ephydridae.

## Genera

Tribe Atissini Cresson, 1942
* Asmeringa Becker, 1903
* Atissa Haliday, 1839
* Cerobothrium Frey, 1958
* Isgamera Soika, 1956
* Pelignellus Sturtevant & Wheeler, 1954
* Ptilomyia Coquillett, 1900
* Schema Becker, 1907
* Subpelignus Papp, 1983
Tribe Dryxini Zatwarnicki, 1992
* Dryxo Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830
* Oedenopiforma Cogan, 1968
* Oedenops Becker, 1903
* Omyxa Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2002
* Papuama Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2002
* Paralimna Loew, 1862
Tribe Hydrelliini
* Lemnaphila Cresson, 1933 (duckweed miner flies)
* Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830
Tribe Notiphilini Cresson, 1946
* Notiphila Fallén, 1810
   * Dichaeta Meigen, 1830
Tribe Typopsilopini
* Typopsilopa Cresson, 1916
Unplaced
* Donaceus Cresson, 1943
# Hill-Annex Mine State Park

Hill-Annex Mine State Park is a former state park of Minnesota, United States, interpreting the open-pit mining heritage of the Mesabi Range. The park was located north of the city of Calumet, in Itasca County, Minnesota. The park provided access to fossil material exposed by mining from the Cretaceous era Coleraine Formation.
In 1892, the land was leased for mineral exploration. It was leased again in 1900 and mining began in 1913. In the years it was in operation, the mine produced 63 million tons of iron ore. It grew to become the sixth largest producer in Minnesota. Historic buildings include the office building (c. 1930), laboratory (c. 1930), maintenance shop (c. 1930), truck repair shop (c. 1919), wooden water tower (c. 1919), and community club (c. 1915).
After the mine closed, the Iron Range Resources and Rehabilitation Board acquired it for a dollar. They converted the community club building into a museum and visitors center and gave tours. The former mine was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 as a historic district, and the Minnesota Legislature made Hill Annex Mine a state park two years later. Responsibility for the site was transferred to the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) in 1991.
In June 2024, Hill-Annex Mine State Park was permanently closed, as economic situations had made mining at the site viable again. MNDNR noted that this change had been planned for quite some time, and that the park's closure was "consistent with the historical expectation that mining would return to this site". Preparations for re-opening may begin as early as late 2024, and mining operations could begin as soon as 2025. As of 2024, MNDNR is working with 'community partners' on the question of what to do with the various artifacts preserved at the park's museum building.

## Flora and fauna

Conservationists have added vegetation to rehabilitate areas damaged by open-pit mining. The landscape is home to grouse, deer, coyotes, timber wolves, and black bears. Raptors, including eagles, peregrine falcons, and hawks have returned to the park.

## Hill Annex Paleontology Project

The Hill Annex Paleontology Project is a research endeavor focused on the Cretaceous deposits found in Minnesota and has been active at the state park since 2014. It began as a volunteer-led study by the Science Museum of Minnesota. As of 2017, the project is now led by and housed at the Minnesota Discovery Center in Chisholm. This project focuses on the Coleraine Formation, a formation specifically found only in Minnesota.
Many specimens previously undocumented on the Mesabi Iron Range and Minnesota have been uncovered over the course of this project. One of the most scientifically important finds was the end piece of a toe bone from a dromaeosaur in 2015, which is only the second piece of dinosaur remains found in the state. These raptors were approximately five to six feet tall and lived during the Late Cretaceous Period.
Specimens found by this project also ammonites, crocodiles, and various species of fish, sharks, plant material, turtles, crabs, mollusks, snails, and clams.
# Anobium

Anobium is a genus of beetles in the family Ptinidae. There are about seven extant and five extinct species in Anobium.

## Species

These 10 species belong to the genus Anobium:
* Anobium cymoreki Espaol, 1963$^g$
* Anobium excavatum Kugelann, 1792$^g$
* Anobium fulvicorne Sturm, 1837$^g$
* Anobium hederae Ihssen, 1949$^g$
* Anobium inexspectatum Lohse, 1954$^g$
* Anobium nitidum Fabricius, 1792$^g$
* Anobium punctatum (De Geer, 1774)$^{icgb}$ (common furniture beetle)
* †Anobium deceptum Scudder, 1878$^g$
* †Anobium durescens Scudder, 1900$^g$
* †Anobium lignitum Scudder, 1878$^g$
* †Anobium ovale Scudder, 1878$^g$
* †Anobium sucinoemarginatum (Kuska, 1992)$^g$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Svanskog

Svanskog is a locality situated in Säffle Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 510 inhabitants in 2010.
# Aiguillon

Aiguillon may refer to:

## Places

* Aiguillon (Cèze), a river in southern France, a tributary of the Cèze
* Aiguillon, Lot-et-Garonne, a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department, France
** Siege of Aiguillon, 1346
* Col de l'Aiguillon, a pass in the Jura Mountains, Switzerland
* L'Aiguillon, a commune in the Ariège department, France
* L'Aiguillon-la-Presqu'île, a commune in the Vendée department, France
* L'Aiguillon-sur-Mer, a former commune in the Vendée department, France
* L'Aiguillon-sur-Vie, a commune in the Vendée department, France

## Other uses

* Armand, duc d'Aiguillon (1761-1800), French military officer and politician
* Duchesse d'Aiguillon (1604-1675), French aristocrat
* Emmanuel-Armand de Richelieu, duc d'Aiguillon (1720-1788), French soldier and statesman
* 1918 Aiguillon, a main-belt asteroid
* EFW N-20 (EFW N-20 Aiguillon), a Swiss aircraft
# Sphingonaepiopsis gurkoi

Sphingonaepiopsis gurkoi, the Gurkoi hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Tomáš Melichar and Michal Řezáč in 2013. It is found in Tajikistan where it has been recorded at elevations above 3,500 meters in mountain steppe areas. It is possibly also found in Mongolia.
The wingspan is about 38 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in July.
# Hermann und Thusnelda

"Hermann und Thusnelda" is a poem written in 1752 by Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock exalting the Cheruscan chieftain Arminius, whom Johannes Turmair and Martin Luther named Hermann in the 16th century, and his wife Thusnelda. The poem was set to music by Franz Schubert in 1815 (D 322).

## History

Since the rediscovery of Tacitus's Germania in the 16th century, Germans have exalted the Germanic tribes as their direct ancestors. They especially praised German liberty defended by Arminius in 9 A.D. when three legions of the Roman Empire were defeated on Germanic soil, thus putting an end to Roman plans to subjugate Germania.
In Klopstock's poem, blood-stained Hermann returns from battle and is praised by his wife Thusnelda, who is happy about the death of the Roman soldiers. Her husband's victory heavily delights her making her confess that her love for Hermann has never been as ardent as now after the lurid fight. Arminius himself only regrets that Roman emperor Augustus has not been present as he would have slain him.
Klopstock wrote several other dramas and poems about "Germany's liberator":
* Hermanns Schlacht. Ein Bardiet für die Schaubühne (1769);
* Hermann und die Fürsten. Ein Bardiet für die Schaubühne (1784);
* Hermanns Tod. Ein Bardiet für die Schaubühne (1787);
* "Wir und sie" (1798);
* "Hermann aus Walhalla" (1798).
In his later years, Christoph Willibald Gluck got interested in patriotic Germanic sujets and notably in Klopstock's œuvres. Hence, he had planned to set the monumental work Hermanns Schlacht to music, but he died before he could realize it.