OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Simon de Hale

Simon de Hale (died after 1240) was a trusted and long-serving Crown official in the reign of King Henry III of England. He served as the Sheriff of two English counties, and as an itinerant justice in both England and Ireland.
He was probably born in Hale, Northhamptonshire (Hale, now long deserted, adjoined Apethorpe), and inherited land at Earls Barton in the same county from his cousin John de Buketon in about 1218: the King as a mark of favour gave him twelve royal oaks to build a house at Barton. He also held extensive lands in Yorkshire.
He served as Sheriff of Yorkshire for several years in the early 1220s, and as Sheriff of Wiltshire in 1226. He clearly discharged his duties efficiently, although it seems that in 1228 he still owed the King repayment of certain debts which he had collected in his official capacity. From 1224 Simon was regularly chosen, along with Sir Richard Duket, who also later served as a judge in Ireland, to act as an itinerant justice, with a salary of twenty marks a year. His circuit eventually extended over most of Eastern England. He and Duket may also have sat as royal judges at Westminster, and appear to have enjoyed seniority over their colleagues. Unlike many judges of the time he may have been a professional lawyer. The eminent jurist Henry de Bracton thought poorly of Richard Duket's judicial ability, calling him an "unwise and unlearned" man who had become a judge without being properly versed in the law, but is not known to have made any criticism of Hale. Bracton, who was a judge by 1245, may have known both Hale and Duket personally.
Hale was a tax assessor in two counties in 1227. The following year he was sent to Ireland to act as a justice itinerant, but he does not seem to have served in Ireland for long. He returned to England, possibly in 1232, but his name disappears from the records until 1240, when he was once more acting as a justice in Yorkshire. His date of death is not recorded.

## Sources

* Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 London John Murray 1926
* Foss, Edward The Judges of England London Longman Brown Green and Longmans 1848 Volume 2
* Harding, Alan England in the Thirteenth Century Cambridge University Press 1993

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Ball p. 45
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Foss p. 360
* ↑ Calendar of the Fine Rolls of the Reign of Henry III
* ↑ Harding p. 169
# Henry Higgins (bullfighter)

Henry Higgins (1944 – 1978) was an English matador, the most senior level of bullfighter, who was born in Bogotá, Colombia in 1944. He died as a result of a hang-gliding accident, while demonstrating it by jumping off a 200 ft high hill in 1978. He was educated at King Williams College in the Isle of Man.

## Career

His professional, or 'ring' name was "Cañadas", meaning "the canyons". He took this name to sound more Spanish, but the Spanish called him "El Inglés", "The Englishman".
He passed his "alternativa" exam in 1970, becoming a fully fledged matador. He was briefly managed by Brian Epstein. He retired in 1974.
He was an acquaintance of another bullfighter, Frank Evans, who was mistakenly booked by a bullring owner who thought he was booking Higgins. Subsequently, Evans took the fight, which started his bullfighting career.
# Carden House

Carden House may refer to:
* David A. Carden House, Houston, Texas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* James B. Carden House, Summersville, West Virginia, NRHP-listed
# Carex maritima

Carex maritima, called the curved sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Carex, with a bipolar distribution in mountains and cold regions. It dispersed in the Pleistocene from the northern to the southern hemisphere.
# Carex manginii

Carex manginii is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Manchuria.
# Carex markgrafii

Carex markgrafii is a tussock-forming perennial in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Albania.
# Henry Lowcock

Henry W. Lowcock (c. 1837 – 1901) was an English businessman in Hong Kong and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

## Early years

Lowcock was born in Middlesex, England in about 1837.

## Career

He joined Gibb, Livingston & Co., a prominent trading firm in Hong Kong and China, and became a partner in July 1868 following the retirement of Edward Ford Duncanson and William Henry Gibb.
Lowcock was appointed to the Police Inquiry Commission in 1871 and was subsequently appointed to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong on 26 February 1872 as an interim replacement for Richard Rowett, who was on leave. He was re-appointed to the Legislative Council on 23 January 1875 upon Rowett's resignation. He was a Trustee of St. John's Cathedral. He retired from Gibb, Livingston & Co. on 31 March 1882.

## Personal life and family

Lowcock married Annie Loftus Russell on 7 June 1873 at St John's Cathedral, Hong Kong. According to her inscription on their shared gravestone in Wimbledon, London, "our only child" was Henry Christopher, buried in Hong Kong. He was born and died on 31 May 1874, according to his gravestone in Happy Valley cemetery, HK. Henry had 3 other children by at least one other woman.
Lowcock was one of the earliest supporters of the Diocesan Home and Orphanage (now the Diocesan Boys' School, Hong Kong).
He and Annie settled in the UK after his retirement from Gibb and Livingston Co. He died on 31 July 1901 in Wimbledon, Surrey.
George's other son Henry married Mabel Kotewall, daughter of Robert Kotewall's brother Samuel. Henry Lowcock served in the No.320 Maintenance Unit of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War, and was killed in a shop accident in Karachi. His son, Sidney James Lowcock, was the seventh headmaster of Diocesan Boys' School from 1961 to 1983.
# Conspirateurs

Conspirateurs (lit. 'Conspirators') is a two- or four-player strategy board game said to have been invented in 18th-century France. Robert Charles Bell believes the game to date from after 1789, following the French Revolutionary Wars, "a period of feverish political activity with factions conspiring against each other".
Conspirateurs resembles other games such as Halma, Ugolki, Chinese Checkers, and Salta in that pieces jump without capturing over friendly or enemy pieces, to move more quickly to their destinations.

## Equipment

The gameboard consists of 17×17 gridded lines. At the centre is a specially marked or coloured area made up of 5×9 intersection points representing a "secret meeting place". On the board's perimeter, 39 points are specially marked or coloured to identify sanctuaries.
The game pieces (men) are always placed on the points, using either marbles or pegs in holes, or flat-bottom pieces. In two-player games, each side has 20 men; in four-player games, each side has 10 men. The sets of men are distinctively coloured.

## Rules

Play begins with an empty board. Players choose colour, with Black having the first turn. Players alternate turns. The game proceeds in two phases:
* Drop phase. Players place one man per turn on any vacant point on the special 5×9 centre area of the board. Players may not move a man until all their men have been placed.
* Move phase. Players move one man per turn to a vacant point one step in any direction orthogonally or diagonally. Or players may leap over an adjacent man (friend or foe) and land on the vacant point immediately beyond. Multiple leaps are allowed in a single turn: a man may continue to leap in any direction as long as there are jumps to be made, and may stop jumping at any point (leaps are not compulsory). A jumped man is not captured (there is no capturing in Conspirateurs).
After the drop phase is completed, one of the players shouts a warning that they have been discovered, and the conspirateurs scatter to hide in sanctuaries. A sanctuary may hold at most one man. The first to bring all his men to sanctuary wins the game.
# Carex oligocarya

Carex oligocarya is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to Pakistan and the western part of the Himalayas.
# Henry Kock

Henry Kock (1952 – December 25, 2005) was a noted horticulturist, eco-activist, and founder of the Elm Recovery Project in Ontario.
Kock was born in Sarnia, Ontario, Kock grew up working for the family business, Huronview Nurseries. A graduate of the University of Guelph in 1977 with an emphasis on horticulture, he stayed connected to the university until his death. Affectionately known as "Mr. Arboretum", he was diagnosed with brain cancer in July 2004; he finally succumbed to the disease on Christmas Day, 2005, at the age of 53.

## Legacies

After the devastating effects of Dutch elm disease on the provincial elm population, Kock created the Elm Recovery Project, collecting scions from the survivors, developing a breeding program and raising the young trees for eventual restoration of DED-tolerant elms in the wild. Another notable legacy left by Kock is the Guelph Hillside Festival, which he co-founded. Celebrated every year in July at Guelph Lake, just north of the city, folk and other musical acts gather for a three-day weekend event attended by hundreds of people.

## Other projects

Kock was also known for his many activist activities, especially those regarding plants. He helped to organize the first Guelph Organic Conference, which has increased in popularity each year. He rallied for peace in Iraq, renewable energy, public transit and urban bicycling, as well as being a regular attendee of the International Women's Day in Toronto each year with his wife. At the time of his death he was working on a book on growing native trees from seed, a project which some of his botany colleagues at the University of Guelph Arboretum completed. Additionally, Kock often travelled the province with talks and slide shows about protecting wild placing, propagating native plant species, and alternatives to garden pesticides. Most notably, however, Kock is recognized for establishing gene banks for rare native plants, including elms.

## Accolades

* 1998 - Governor General's Award for Forest Stewardship
* 1999 - Forest Stewardship in Canada Award
* 2004 - Named one of two of Canada's best naturalists by Gardening Life magazine

## Family

Kock met Anne Hansen in 1991, whom he later married. He is survived by his wife Anne; his parents Mary and Dick of Bright's Grove; his brother John Cook and his wife Cynthia in Forest; his sister Helen Rykens and her husband Dan McDermott in Toronto; and a niece and two nephews. He was predeceased by his sister Irene.
# Henry Ommaney

Henry Ommaney (April 1805 – 21 May 1829) was an English cricketer who played for Kent. He was born in England and died in Port Royal.
Ommaney made a single first-class appearance, during the 1828 season, against Marylebone Cricket Club. Batting as an opener, he scored 20 runs in the first innings in which he batted and 24 not out in the second.
Ommaney died at the age of just 24, less than a year after the end of his first-class career.
# Carl Walter

Carl Walter (c. 1831 – 7 October 1907), also known as Charles Walter, was an Australian botanist and photographer. He was born in Mecklenburg, Germany in about 1831 and arrived in Victoria in the 1850s.

## Botanical work

Walter discovered and collected a new species of mint bush on Mount Ellery which was named in his honour as Prostanthera walteri by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1870 . It is thought that Walter accompanied the geodetic survey team headed by Government Astronomer Robert L. J. Ellery which surveyed East Gippsland and the border with New South Wales from 1869 to 1871.
He collected plants on behalf of Anatole von Hügel and was accompanied by missionary George Brown in exploring the Bismarck Archipelago in 1875.
In 1889, Walter collected the type specimen of Eucalyptus x brevirostris in the Upper Yarra region in 1889.
During the 1890s, Walter collected plant specimens in the Australian Alps, accompanied by Charles French junior.
From the 1890s until his death in 1907, Walter was head of economic botany at the Technological Museum in Melbourne.
In 1906, Walter described a new subspecies of the orchid Diuris punctata in The Victorian Naturalist, based on plant material collected at Mount Arapiles by St. Eloy D'Alton. He named it Diuris puncata var. d'Altoni, subsequently revised to daltoni.

## Photography

Walter set up a photographic studio at 45 Bell Street, Fitzroy, Melbourne, promoting himself as a "Country Photographic Artist" or "Landscape Photographic Artist" and many of his images were reproduced as woodcuts in contemporary journals. As early as 1865 he submitted a report on the "Salmon Tanks in Badger Creek" to the Illustrated Australian News. For a twenty-year period starting from about 1862, he would periodically travel to eastern and alpine regions of Victoria with camera equipment and camping gear in a backpack; "the whole weighing about fifty pounds.”
Much of his early endeavors revolved around documenting portraits of indigenous people and capturing the mission stations of Ramahyuck (Lake Wellington), Coranderrk (Yarra Flats) where he made 106 photographs, and Lake Tyers. In 1867, he dispatched portraits of Victoria's aboriginals to the Anthropological Society of London, where they were exhibited at the Intercolonial Exhibition of Australasia in Melbourne in 1866-67.
Walter advertised in 1871 "an extensive collection of Stereoscopic Views depicting Aboriginal Life, Mining, Scenery, and other Australian Subjects." He predominantly employed a stereoscopic camera but also produced some half-plate and whole-plate negatives, most officially registered his photographs with the Victorian Copyright Office in 1870. The earliest surviving photograph by Walter bears the date 1862, and his work continued to be published until the early 1870s.

## Pictorial works

* Corranderrk Aboriginal Village, 1865 / photographed by Charles Walter State Library of NSW
* The Lighthouse, Twofold Bay, N.S.W., between 1872-1975 / photographer C. Walter State Library of NSW
# Carl Walther

Carl Wilhelm Freund Walther (22 November 1858 – 9 July 1915) was a German gunsmith from Zella-Mehlis, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. In 1886, Walther founded the firm of Carl Walther GmbH.
Carl Walther's father, August Theodor Albert Walther, was a brass and iron caster. His mother, Rosalie Wilhelmine Amalie Pistor, came from the gunsmith family of Pistor, William Pistor's daughter. Carl Walther studied under gunsmith Willibald Barthelmes and later under Albin Schneider. Walther worked for the Jopp company in Zella-Mehlis, making Mauser rifles. In the fall of 1886, Walther opened his gunshop in Zella-Mehlis. Walther soon hired additional workers to meet the demand for the sporting rifles he made. In 1888, Walther married Minna Georgine Pickert, the daughter of the revolver manufacturer Christian Friedrich Pickert, and they had five sons. In 1903, after three of his sons entered the firm, the focus turned to the production of pistols. In 1908, Carl Walther, together with Fritz Walther, his eldest son, designed and produced the first usable German self-loading pistol. Fritz Walther took over the management of the firm after his father's death in 1915.
# Convict Pool

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | 7.5/10 |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | |
Convict Pool is an EP released by Arizona band Calexico. Among its tracks is a cover version of the Minutemen's classic, "Corona," with an arrangement featuring mariachi horns reminiscent of Johnny Cash's "Ring of Fire," and a cover of Love's "Alone Again Or" featuring flamenco handclaps.

## Track listing

* "Alone Again Or" – (3:24) (with Nicolai Dunger and His Band; music by Bryan MacLean)
* "Convict Pool" – (3:58) (Joey Burns)
* "Si Tu Disais" – (3:23) (lyrics by Dominique Ané; music by Ané, Chataigner, Toorop, Bondu; originally sung by Françoiz Breut)
* "Corona" – (3:21) (Dennes D. Boon)
* "Praskovia" – (2:44) (Burns)
* "Sirena" – (3:42) (Burns)
# Convict Once and Other Poems

Convict Once and Other Poems (1885) is a collection of poetry by Australian poet J. Brunton Stephens. Although "highly valued by contemporary critics", Stephens's work is now largely ignored.
The collection consists of 42 poems, "divided into two sections: the long narrative poem 'Convict Once', followed by 'Miscellaneous Poems'."

## Contents

* "Convict Once : A Poem"
* "My Chinee Cook"
* "My Other Chinee Cook"
* "To a Black Gin"
* "A Piccaninny"
* "Big Ben, the Alligator"
* "Adelaide Ironside"
* "The Dark Companion"
* "A Brisbane Reverie : March, 1873"
* "Lost Chance"
* "The Squatter's Baccy Famine"
* "The Antipodes"
* "Spirit and Star"
* "A Man and a Brother"
* "Off the Track"
* "The Headless Trooper"
* "King Billy's Skull"
* "Macaulay's New Zealander"
* "The Power of Science"
* "The Story of a Soul"
* "Quart Pot Creek"
* "'Our Hope'"
* "From an Upper Verandah"
* "Opening Hymn"
* "An Australian National Anthem"
* "The Dominion"
* "Nonsuited"
* "The Courtship of the Future : A Prevision : A. D. 2876"
* "On a Fork of Byron's"
* "Cape Byron"
* "For My Sake"
* "The Boy Crusader"
* "The Goths in Campania : Placidia, in the Tent of Adolphus"
* "Marsupial Bill"
* "The Great Pig Story of the Tweed"
* "Drought and Doctrine"
* "In a 'Bus : A Spring Contrast"
* "Once More : 'Intermissa Diu Bella'"
* "The Dominion : 1883"
* "The Angel of the Doves"
* "The Famine in Ireland"
* "Mute Discourse : A Poem"

## Reviews

A reviewer in The Australasian had a high opinion of Stephens's work: "...he is one of the, as yet, few Australian singers to whom the word 'poet' may be applied without any impropriety - poet in feeling and poet in expression; various in word and versatile in method; combining the essential gifts of imagination with that qualifying and restraining sense of the humorous which asserts itself with such happy effect in compositions like "My Chinee Cook," the address to a black gin, "A Piccaninny," and "Big Ben.""
The Sydney Morning Herald reviewer thought along similar lines. "Three poets have, so far, lived in Australia, two of whom are dead, while one remains. Others there have been who have made vagrant verses or laboured to succeed in a mission to which they had never been called, but only three who have built for themselves a shrine of poesy in which their memories will live for ever. Gordon went first, wearied of the world in which he had lived, misunderstanding and misunderstood; Kendall next, broken as a reed whose melody had been weak and frail occasionally, but never out of tune; Brunton Stephens remains, and offers us this acceptable and beautiful volume of collected poems which we would exchange for the thinnest book of absolutely new verse."
Tackling the poems themselves, the reviewer in The Australian Town and Country Journal opined: "The versification is generally smooth and more original than that of most of the Australian poets. The poems appear to have been suggested by various circumstances which fell under the author's observance, and they contain many allusions to persons, places, and events pertaining to Australian history, and more especially to the history of Queensland."
# Herald Shoal

Herald Shoal is a region of high benthic productivity on the Chukchi Sea shelf. It serves as rich foraging habitat for many species of marine mammals and birds.

## Geography

Herald Shoal is approximately 50 meters deep in most places. The shoal diverts warm water flowing northward from the Bering Sea and holds colder water long into the summer season, which allows sea ice to persist in this area longer. Herald Shoal is no longer covered by continuous pack ice, but along with Hanna Shoal, has some of the most reliable ice present on the entire Chukchi shelf.

## Fauna

Herald Shoal has relatively colder, saltier, and more nutrient rich water compared to more easterly water, and during the spring ice retreat this region experiences high primary productivity from phytoplankton blooms. This leads to the region's rich seafloor, making it a significant food resource for many marine species.
In early to mid-summer, Herald Shoal has a high-concentration of walrus that are either migrating through the region or foraging for food. Beluga whales have been observed concentrating around the Shoal in the fall before they migrate southward into the Bering Sea.

## Importance

Like Hanna Shoal, Herald Shoal is likely to be important as ocean conditions change. Identified as an important area by scientists, Herald shoal will likely provide ecosystem resilience to climate change due to the unique characteristics of the region that makes it so productive.
# Carl Hurley

Carl Hurley is a former Eastern Kentucky University professor, and nationally recognized Lexington, Kentucky comedian and lecturer. In his early career, he was often billed as "America's funniest professor."
He is a common entertainer for local events, and is often heard several times daily nationwide on SiriusXM Radio's Channel 98 Laugh USA, and Channel 97 Blue Collar Radio. Hurley is the Author of We Weren't Poor--We Just Didn't Have Any Money, and his entertainment has also been featured in video format.
Hurley was born in 1941 in a log cabin in the Appalachian foothills of Laurel County, Kentucky. In early life, he enjoyed family members' richly embellished tales, and the Grand Ole Opry radio comedians Minnie Pearl and Rod Brasfield. Heading off to Eastern Kentucky University, Hurley worked his way to a M.A. in education in 1966. In 1971 he was awarded a doctorate in education from the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Returning to EKU as a professor and coordinator, in 1971 his next career started when he decided to "liven up" a boring school conference. Invitations to speak elsewhere followed, and in 1982, Hurley left EKU to speak and entertain full-time.
Hurley displays a trademark story-telling style considered similar by some to American humorists such as Andy Griffith and Garrison Keillor, combining a down-home yarn-spinning style with public comedy. His early work often displayed an impish giggle throughout his routines, which later vanished.

## Video presentations

* "Kinfolk & Characters"
* "Off the Main Road"
* "Laughing Matters"
* "Back Home"
* "Sunny Side Up"
* "Southern Fried"
* "Lessons in Laughter"
* "Might As Well Laugh"
* "Country Formal"
* "Live at Renfro Valley"
* "Looking for the Humor"

## Seminar topics

* "Success Is a Process"
* "Coping With Change"
* "What Sales People Need to Know About Their Customers"
* "Developing Peak Performance"
* "On a Clear Day You Can See Tomorrow"
* "Helping Skills for Managers"
* "Looking for the Humor"
* "Keep on the Funny Side"
# Hepatoid tumor

Hepatoid tumor or hepatoid [adeno]carcinoma are terms for a number of uncommon or rare neoplasms in humans, named for a visual resemblance of the cells under the microscope to those of hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer. They can arise in several parts of the body, and thus form sub-types of diseases such as stomach cancer and pancreatic cancer. The WHO defines "Hepatoid carcinoma" as "An adenocarcinoma with morphologic characteristics similar to hepatocellular carcinoma, arising from an anatomic site other than the liver".
In dogs it may refer to a Perianal gland tumor, based on a similar resemblance to healthy liver cells.
# Copa Claro (football)

The Copa Claro is an association football tournament held on San Andrés y Providencia for the local clubs on the island. The tournament is available for thousands of children and adolescents from vulnerable populations in 10 departments, Atlántico, Cauca, Antioquia, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, La Guajira, Valle del Cauca, Chocó, Sucre and Tolima. 2014 edition of the tournament was kicked off in Erwin O'Neill Stadium.

## Past champions

| Season | Winner | Score | Runners–up | Ref |
| 2014 | Soccer SAI | 4–3 | Club Hitel El Dorado | |
# Henry Matthews (judge)

Henry Matthews (1789 – 20 May 1828) was a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and the sixth Advocate Fiscal of Ceylon. He was appointed on 1 November 1821, succeeding Ambrose Hardinge Giffard, and held the office until 1829. He was succeeded by William Norris.