OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Amaea marteli

Amaea marteli is a species of predatory sea snails, marine prosobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Epitoniidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 12.5 mm, its diameter 4 mm.
(Original description in French) The whitish-grey shell is smaller than average. It is thin, elongated, conical, and very pointed, with no perforations. The suture is slightly oblique, not deep, and fairly wide open. The nucleus of the protoconch is broken but still consists of two smooth, pointed whorls. The subsequent 12 whorls are low and not very convex. They are adorned with moderately oblique axial ribs that are closely spaced, very low, thin, leaf-like, strongly wrinkled, and slightly auriculate at their tops. The intercostal spaces are occupied by large spiral cords much thicker than the ribs, extending onto the retrocurrent part of the ribs. These spaces are wider, forming small rectangles defined by the axial ribs and spiral cords. The interior of these compartments is adorned with very fine secondary cords, giving a granular appearance. The body whorl contains approximately 36 axial ribs. The base is bordered by a thin, sharply defined cord that marks a disc. From the circumbasal cord, the disc features very fine radiating riblets partly embedded in it, following the ribs themselves. Additionally, there are very regular and quite large concentric cords. The columellar funicle appears to be absent. The columella slopes steeply. The aperture appears oval, and the peristome, completely damaged, cannot be examined.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Persian Gulf.
# Pomeranian

Pomeranian is an adjective referring to the historical region of Pomerania, which is divided between Poland and Germany.

## Peoples and cultures

* Pomeranian Balts, ancient western Baltic people
* Pomeranian culture, an Iron Age culture of earlier people in land later called Pomerania
* Pomeranians (Slavic tribe), a medieval West Slavic tribe
* Pomeranians (German people) (Pommern), since the High Middle Ages

## Languages

* Pomeranian language, a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by the Slavic Pomeranians of the Middle Ages
* East Pomeranian dialect classified within Low German, spoken by the Pomeranians since the High Middle Ages
* Central Pomeranian dialect classified within Low German, spoken by the Pomeranians since the High Middle Ages

## Animal breeds

* Pomeranian dog, Spitz toy dog breed
* Pomeranian Coarsewool sheep (also Pomeranian sheep, Pommernschaf)
* Pomeranian duck (also Pommern duck, Pommernente)
* Pomeranian goose (also Rügener goose, Pommerngans)
* Pomarine skua, carnivorous seabird sometimes erroneously called "Pomeranian skua"

## Places

* Western Pomerania and Farther Pomerania
** Swedish Pomerania
** Province of Pomerania
* West Pomeranian Voivodeship, an administrative region in Poland
* Pomeranian Voivodeship, an administrative region in Poland
** Pomeranian (European Parliament constituency), the corresponding constituency
* Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, an administrative region in Poland

## History

* Duchy of Pomerania
* House of Pomerania

## Military campaigns

* East Pomeranian Offensive, a Soviet advance in late World War II
# Adriers

Adriers (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
# Aman Verma

Aman Verma may refer to:
* Aman Verma (actor) (born 1961), Indian television anchor and actor
* Aman Verma (footballer) (born 1987), English footballer
* Aman Verma, fictional character portrayed by Akshay Kumar in the 1999 Indian film Sangharsh
# Baruch Dov Povarsky

Rabbi Baruch Dov Povarsky, often referred to as Rabbi Berel Povarsky, is rosh yeshiva of one of the two divisions of the Ponevezh Yeshiva in Bnei Brak, Israel. He served alongside Rabbi Gershon Edelstein in this role until the latter's death on 30 May 2023.

## Biography

Rabbi Povarsky was born in 1931 in Kletsk, the son of Rabbi Dovid and Chaya Tzipporah Povarsky. When he was three months old, the family moved to Baranovich where R' Dovid became a teacher in Yeshiva Ohel Torah-Baranovich and joined its affiliated kollel. During this period, Baruch Dov learned in the city's local cheder. In 1941, escaping the Nazi-Soviet threats in Baranovich (then part of Poland), the Povarskys escaped to Vilnius, Lithuania together with thousands of other refugees. From there, they emigrated to Israel, where R' Dovid was soon appointed rosh yeshiva of the Ponevezh Yeshiva in Bnei Brak. In Israel, he learned in Yeshivas Ohr HaTalmud and Yeshivas Achei Temimim, and in 1943, for a short stint in the Chevron Yeshiva. However, shortly after becoming rosh yeshiva in Ponevezh, R' Dovid brought his son to learn there.
Rabbi Baruch Dov Povarsky began teaching in the Ponevezh Yeshiva in 1953, and after the death of the rosh yeshiva, Rabbi Elazar Menachem Man Shach, he became rosh yeshiva.

## Works

* Bad Kodesh
* Bad Kodesh al HaTorah
* Shiurei HaGRaBaD Povarsky
# Alpheus Spring Packard

Alpheus Spring Packard Jr. LL.D. (February 19, 1839 – February 14, 1905) was an American entomologist and palaeontologist. He described over 500 new animal species – especially butterflies and moths – and was one of the founders of The American Naturalist.

## Early life

He was the son of Alpheus Spring Packard Sr. (1798–1884) and the brother of William Alfred Packard. He was born in Brunswick, Maine, and was Professor of Zoology and Geology at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, from 1878 until his death. He was a vocal proponent of Neo-Lamarckism during the eclipse of Darwinism.

## Career

His chief work was the classification and anatomy of arthropods, and contributions to economic entomology, zoogeography, and the phylogeny and metamorphoses of insects. Packard was appointed to the United States Entomological Commission in 1877 where he served with Charles Valentine Riley and Cyrus Thomas. He wrote school textbooks, such as Zoölogy for High Schools and Colleges (eleventh edition, 1904). His Monograph of the Bombycine Moths of North America was published in three parts (1895, 1905, 1915, edited by T. D. A. Cockerell).
He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1878.

## Personal life

He married Elizabeth Darby Walcott, daughter of Samuel B. Walcott in October 1867 in Salem, Massachusetts. They would have four children: Martha Walcott, Alpheus Appleton, Elizabeth Darby, and Frances Elizabeth. Elizabeth Darby would die at the age of eight. He died on February 14, 1905, in Providence, Rhode Island, with his wife and children outliving him.

## Writings

* Report on the insects collected on the Penobscot and Alleguash Rivers, during August and September, 1861, Sixth Annual Report of the Secretary of the Maine Board of Agriculture, Augusta, Maine (pp. 373-376) (1861)
* Guide to the Study of Insects (1869; third edition, 1872)
* The Mammoth Cave and its Inhabitants (1872), with F. W. Putnam
* Life-History of Animals (1876)
* A Naturalist on the Labrador Coast (1891)
* Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution: His Life and Work (1901), French translation, 1903.
* Alpheus Spring Packard (1886). First Lessons in Zoology: Adapted for Use in Schools …. Holt.
# Adroanzi

Adroanzi ('Adro-children') are a group of nature and guardian spirits in Lugbara mythology.
The Adroanzi are described as the children of Adroa, God of the Lugbara, though some versions of the myths describe them as the children of Adro, the dark and earthly aspect of Adroa. They are also sometimes described as the spirit of the dead.
They are the guardian spirits of the dead, and are also nature spirits who frequent lakes, rivers, streams, large trees, and rocks. They also guard rain groves. They like to follow humans at night, and if a human would turn back and look at the Adroanzi, they would be killed. If left undisturbed, they were seen as helpful spirits, who would protect travelers from robbers, animal predators and other dangers.
They have the form of small men and women. They were also described as having the form of water snakes, and would drown and eat humans.
# Aloa costalis

Aloa costalis is a moth that belongs to the family Erebidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in north-eastern Australia.
# Burnt Woods, Oregon

Burnt Woods is an unincorporated community in Lincoln County, Oregon, United States. It is located about 16 miles (26 km) west of Philomath on U.S. Route 20 in the Central Oregon Coast Range near the Tumtum River.
Burnt Woods post office was established in 1919, after the name was chosen from a list of proposed names sent to the Post Office Department. The signs of past forest fires are still evident in the area. Burnt Woods post office closed in 1978.
The community has a store and a café. The store has been operating since the early 1920s. The café was opened in 1925 and has seen several ownership changes since then.
Ellmaker State Wayside is located about 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Burnt Woods, accessed westbound on U.S. Route 20.
# Altiplanos

Altiplanos is Pierre Bensusan's sixth album, recorded between 1998 and 2004.

## Track listing

All songs by Pierre Bensusan, except Demain, dès l'Aube, by Victor Hugo and Pierre Bensusan, La Nuit des Météores Dotea Comu-Bensusan and Pierre Bensusan, Tacita Didier Malherbe and Pierre Bensusan.
* "Sentimentales Pyromaniaques" – 2:41
* "La Dame de Clevedon" – 5:13
* "Sur un Fil" – 1:53
* "Altiplanos" – 5:07
* "Demain, dès l'Aube" – 5:49
* "Scarabée" – 5:34
* "If Only You Knew" – 3:42
* "Hymn 11" – 4:30
* "Long World" – 3:32
* "Nefertari" – 3:58
* "Sylva" – 2:29
* "La Nuit des Météores" – 4:56
* "Falafel à Montségur" – 7:28
* "Tacita" – 3:36
* "Chant de Nuit" – 2:27

## Personnel

* Pierre Bensusan – guitar, vocals, double bass, udu, percussion
* Blaise Boutlefeu – djembe, flute, percussion
* Michel Benita – contrabass, clavier keyboards
* Didier Malherbe – duduk
# Altiplano chinchilla mouse

The Altiplano chinchilla mouse or achallo (Chinchillula sahamae) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the genus Chinchillula. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
# Amantis saussurei

Amantis saussurei is a species of praying mantis native to India.
# Afristreptaxis elongatus

Afristreptaxis elongatus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae.

## Description

The height of the shell attains 24 mm, its diameter 15 mm.
(Original description) The shell is rimate, oval, and somewhat thin with a whitish, polished surface. The nucleus and the front of the body whorl are almost smooth, while the remainder of the exterior features conspicuous, close-set, oblique striae. There are 6.5 convex whorls. The aperture is semi-ovate and erect, with a slightly expanded, white peristome. The parietal wall has a small tooth or callosity.

## Distribution

This species is occurs in Zimbabwe, Malawi and Mozambique.
# Adventures of Casanova

Adventures of Casanova is a 1948 American-Mexican historical adventure film directed by Roberto Gavaldón and starring Arturo de Córdova, Lucille Bremer, and Turhan Bey. It portrays a fictional version of the story of Casanova, and was supposedly intended to capitalize off of the Errol Flynn film The Adventures of Don Juan (although the latter film was actually released later that same year after a long production process). The film's sets were designed by the art directors Jorge Fernandez and Alfred Ybarra.

## Synopsis

It is set in Sicily in the 1790s, with Casanova as a freedom fighter battling against the King's local governor Count de Brissac, who unknown to the monarch, is acting as a tyrant.

## Cast

* Arturo de Córdova as Casanova
* Lucille Bremer as Lady Bianca
* Turhan Bey as Lorenzo
* John Sutton as Count de Brissac
* George Tobias as Jacopo
* Noreen Nash as Zanetta
* Lloyd Corrigan as D'Albernasi
* Fritz Leiber as D'Anneci
* Nestor Paiva as Prefecture police
* Jorge Trevino as Angelino
* Clifford Carr as Salvatore
* Jacqueline Dalya as Lady Adria
* Miroslava as Cassandra's sister
* Rafael Alcayde as Cassandra's brother-in-law
* Jacqueline Evans as Cassandra
* Leonor Gómez as Woman in crowd
* Chel López as Jailer
* Rita Macedo as Bruntilla, maid
* Charles Rooner as Palace guard
* Fanny Schiller as Woman who complains in crowd
* Fernando Wagner as Assassinated commander
# Alternating step generator

In cryptography, an alternating step generator (ASG) is a cryptographic pseudorandom number generator used in stream ciphers, based on three linear-feedback shift registers. Its output is a combination of two LFSRs which are stepped (clocked) in an alternating fashion, depending on the output of a third LFSR.
The design was published in 1987 and patented in 1989 by C. G. Günther.

## Overview

Linear-feedback shift registers (LFSRs) are, statistically speaking, excellent pseudorandom generators, with good distribution and simple implementation. However, they cannot be used as-is because their output can be predicted easily.
An ASG comprises three linear-feedback shift registers, which we will call LFSR0, LFSR1 and LFSR2 for convenience. The output of one of the registers decides which of the other two is to be used; for instance if LFSR2 outputs a 0, LFSR0 is clocked, and if it outputs a 1, LFSR1 is clocked instead. The output is the exclusive OR of the last bit produced by LFSR0 and LFSR1. The initial state of the three LFSRs is the key.
Customarily, the LFSRs use primitive polynomials of distinct but close degree, preset to non-zero state, so that each LFSR generates a maximum length sequence. Under these assumptions, the ASG's output demonstrably has long period, high linear complexity, and even distribution of short subsequences.
Example code in C:
An ASG is very simple to implement in hardware. In particular, contrary to the shrinking generator and self-shrinking generator, an output bit is produced at each clock, ensuring consistent performance and resistance to timing attacks.

## Security

Shahram Khazaei, Simon Fischer, and Willi Meier give a cryptanalysis of the ASG allowing various tradeoffs between time complexity and the amount of output needed to mount the attack, e.g. with asymptotic complexity $O(L^{2}.2^{2L/3})$ and $O(2^{2L/3})$ bits, where $L$ is the size of the shortest of the three LFSRs.
# Alternating sign matrix

${\begin{matrix}{\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\0&1&0\\0&0&1\end{bmatrix}}\qquad {\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\0&0&1\\0&1&0\end{bmatrix}}\\{\begin{bmatrix}0&1&0\\1&0&0\\0&0&1\end{bmatrix}}\qquad {\begin{bmatrix}0&1&0\\1&-1&1\\0&1&0\end{bmatrix}}\qquad {\begin{bmatrix}0&1&0\\0&0&1\\1&0&0\end{bmatrix}}\\{\begin{bmatrix}0&0&1\\1&0&0\\0&1&0\end{bmatrix}}\qquad {\begin{bmatrix}0&0&1\\0&1&0\\1&0&0\end{bmatrix}}\end{matrix}}$
In mathematics, an alternating sign matrix is a square matrix of 0s, 1s, and −1s such that the sum of each row and column is 1 and the nonzero entries in each row and column alternate in sign. These matrices generalize permutation matrices and arise naturally when using Dodgson condensation to compute a determinant. They are also closely related to the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions from statistical mechanics. They were first defined by William Mills, David Robbins, and Howard Rumsey in the former context.

## Examples

A permutation matrix is an alternating sign matrix, and an alternating sign matrix is a permutation matrix if and only if no entry equals −1.
An example of an alternating sign matrix that is not a permutation matrix is
    ${\begin{bmatrix}0&0&1&0\\1&0&0&0\\0&1&-1&1\\0&0&1&0\end{bmatrix}}.$

## Alternating sign matrix theorem

The alternating sign matrix theorem states that the number of $n\times n$ alternating sign matrices is
    $\prod _{k=0}^{n-1}{\frac {(3k+1)!}{(n+k)!}}={\frac {1!\,4!\,7!\cdots (3n-2)!}{n!\,(n+1)!\cdots (2n-1)!}}.$
The first few terms in this sequence for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, … are
    1, 1, 2, 7, 42, 429, 7436, 218348, … (sequence A005130 in the OEIS).
This theorem was first proved by Doron Zeilberger in 1992. In 1995, Greg Kuperberg gave a short proof based on the Yang–Baxter equation for the six-vertex model with domain-wall boundary conditions, that uses a determinant calculation due to Anatoli Izergin. In 2005, a third proof was given by Ilse Fischer using what is called the operator method.

## Razumov–Stroganov problem

In 2001, A. Razumov and Y. Stroganov conjectured a connection between O(1) loop model, fully packed loop model (FPL) and ASMs. This conjecture was proved in 2010 by Cantini and Sportiello.
# Aft-crossing trajectory

In 2005, a new trajectory that an air-launched rocket could take to put satellites into orbit was tested. Until this time, launch vehicles such as the Pegasus rocket, or rocket planes such as the X-1, X-15, or SpaceShipOne, which were carried under an aircraft pointing in the same direction as the fuselage, would have their engines ignited either just before being air-dropped or a few seconds afterward. They would then be expected to accelerate and climb in front of the carrier aircraft, crossing its flight path. This was considered dangerous due to the potential for a crashes between the rocket and the launch vehicle.
The aft-crossing trajectory is an alternate flight path for a rocket. The rocket's rotation (induced by the deployment from the aircraft) is slowed by a small parachute attached to its tail, then ignited once the carrier aircraft has passed it. It is ignited before it is pointing fully vertically, however it will turn to do so, and accelerates to pass behind the carrier aircraft.
The principal advantage of this method is its safety for the crew of the carrier aircraft.
# Amblesthidopsis

Amblesthidopsis is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1921. Its only species, Amblesthidopsis areolata, was described by the same author in the same year.
# Portia Lack

Portia Ellen Lack (born November 20, 1961, in Queens, New York) is an American former handball player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Portia Lake

Laguna Portia is a lake in the Iténez Province, Beni Department, Bolivia. At an elevation of 200 m, its surface area is 28 km$^2$.
* This Beni Department location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Agabus africanus

Agabus africanus is a species of predatory diving beetle belonging to the family Dytiscidae. It is endemic to Tunisia, where it is found in the area of the Cap Bon peninsula. It is not common.
# Agabus affinis

Agabus affinis is a species of beetle native to the Palearctic (including Europe) and the Near East. In Europe, it is only found in Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Great Britain including Shetland, Orkney, Hebrides and Isle of Man, Croatia, the Czech Republic, mainland Danmark, Estonia, Finland, mainland France, Germany, Hungary, the Republic of Ireland, mainland Italy, Kaliningrad, Latvia, Lithuania, Northern Ireland, mainland Norway, Poland, Russia except the South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Ukraine, and Italy.
# Portuguese Fort (Jepara)

The so-called Portuguese Fort, or Benteng Portugis, is a historical fort located in the village Banyumanis adjacent to the village of Ujung Batu, District of Keling, Jepara Regency, the province of Central Java, Indonesia. It is said that the fortress was built by the Government Mataram in 1613–1645, with partnership of the Portuguese (hence the name) as the central defense to repel the enemy who came from Java Sea (referring to the Dutch) .
Currently the Portuguese Fort is one of the leading tourist destination of Jepara. Location of the fort is also adjacent to Mandalika Island.
# Postcards and Daydreaming

Postcards and Daydreaming is the debut full-length release from Canadian indie singer-songwriter Dan Mangan, released independently on October 20, 2005.
The album was re-released on July 10, 2007 by the File Under Music label.

## Critical reception

The album was generally well received in the Canadian indie music scene. Kerry Doole of Exclaim! noted that the album showcases Mangan's "highly promising talent" and that "Mangan's career progress will merit watching." In a review of a later Mangan album, Oh Fortune, Julian Uzielli of mitZine said, "Postcards and Daydreaming (2007), showed obvious potential, despite the fairly generic acoustic-folk sound."
The musical style of the album has been described as "sombre and melancholy" and "a good sulky-day companion".

## Personnel

* Dan Mangan – vocals, guitar, piano, Fender Rhodes piano
* Amy Arsenault – vocals
* Simon Kelly – guitar, piano, Fender Rhodes piano
* Finn Manniche – cello
* Richard "Rags" Michaelski – harmonica
* Ryan Naso – trumpet
* Kerry Galloway – bass guitar
* Randal Stoll – drums
* Daniel Elmes – Record producer

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Canada and US | October 20, 2005 | Independent | CD | N/A |
| Canada and US | July 10, 2007 | File Under: Music | CD/Digital Download | FUM001 |
| Australia | March 15, 2008 | ABC Music | CD | 395706 |
# Busale

Busale is a rural ward in Kyela District of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. It is also one of the more populous wards in the district. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 10,190 people in the ward, from 9,246 in 2012.$^{:96}$$^{:114}$
Located in the western part of Kyela District, Busale is bordered by three wards in the district: Ngana to the south and southwest, Itope to the south and southeast, and Ipande to the east. It is also bordered by Ileje District to the north and to the west.

## Villages / vitongoji

The ward has 5 villages and 20 vitongoji.
* Busale
** Busale
** Kabale
** Kanyasi
** Lupakano
** Nyibuko
** Sumbi
* Busoka
** Busoka
** Chivanje
** Ngokoto
* Ikomelo
** Busoka
** Ikombe
** Itembe
** Mahenge
* Lema
** Katyongoli
** Kubuguru
** Mafiga
** Sokoni
* Masoko
** Lwangwa
** Mwati
** Sanu
# Africanfuturism: An Anthology

Africanfuturism: An Anthology is an Africanfuturism anthology edited by Nigerian author Wole Talabi. It contains eight works of short fiction, plus an introduction written by Talabi. It was published by Brittle Paper in October 2020.

## Contents

The anthology consists of eight original works of Africanfuturism short fiction. A reprint of Nnedi Okorafor's definition of Africanfuturism was included.
* Introduction by Wole Talabi
* "Egoli" by T. L. Huchu
* "Sunrise" by Nnedi Okorafor
* "Yat Madit" by Dilman Dila
* "Rainmaker" by Mazi Nwonwu
* "Behind Our Irises" by Tlotlo Tsamaase
* "Fort Kwame" by Derek Lubangakene
* "Fruit of the Calabash" by Rafeeat Aliyu
* "Lekki Lekki" by Mame Bougouma Diene

## Background

The anthology was published during the ten years anniversary of Brittle Paper. The anthology is the first anthology that "...directly engage with the idea of Africanfuturism." The name of the anthology was inspired by the subgenre coined by Nnedi Okorafor.

## Awards

| Year | Award | Award | Res | Ref |
| 2021 | Locus Award | Best Anthology | 2nd | |