OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brooker's merocyanine

Brooker's merocyanine (1-methyl-4-[(oxocyclohexadienylidene)ethylidene]-1,4-dihydropyridine, MOED) is an organic dye belonging to the class of merocyanines.
MOED is notable for its solvatochromic properties, meaning it changes color depending on the solvent in which it is dissolved.
As shown in the structural formula, MOED can be depicted using two resonance structures: neutral and zwitterionic. Research indicates that the zwitterionic structure is the major contributor to resonance hybrid when the compound exists in polar solvents such as water, and the neutral form when it exists in nonpolar solvents such as chloroform.

## Solvatochromic effects

When MOED is dissolved in various liquids, its colour will vary, depending on the solvent and its polarity. In general, the more polar the solvent, the shorter the wavelengths of the light absorbed will be, this is referred to as a hypsochromic shift. When light of a certain colour (wavelength) is absorbed, the solution will appear in the complementary colour of the one absorbed. Therefore, in water, a highly polar solvent, MOED appears yellow (corresponding to absorbed blue light of wavelengths 435–480 nm), but is purple or blue (corresponding to absorbed green to yellow light of wavelengths 560–595 nm) in acetone, a less polar solvent.
The effect stems in part from the stabilization of the ground state of the merocyanine molecule in polar solvents, which increases the energy gap between the ground state and excited states, which corresponds to shorter wavelengths (increased energy) of the absorbed light. Similarly, protic and aprotic solvents also affect MOED in solution differently. Solvents that are hydrogen donors (i.e. water, acids), will affect the visible absorption spectra by engaging in hydrogen bonding or donating the hydrogen outright, making the molecule favor the zwitterionic resonance form; an example of this may be seen in the picture where acetic acid, though less polar than water, was able to produce a more yellow solution.
Colors of MOED Solutions in Various Solvents :
| Solvent | Color | λ(max, nm) | Relative solvent polarity |
| Water | Yellow | 442 | 1 |
| Methanol | Red-orange | 509 | 0.762 |
| Ethanol | Red | 510 | 0.654 |
| 2-Propanol | Violet | 545 | 0.546 |
| DMSO | Blue-violet | 572 | 0.444 |
| Acetone | Blue-violet | 577 | 0.355 |
| Pyridine | Blue | 603 | 0.302 |
| Chloroform | Blue | 618 | 0.259 |

## Uses

Because of its solvatochromic properties MOED, and solvatochromic dyes in general, are useful as solvent polarity indicators, and for creating solutions that absorb light at a specific frequency. Additional potential areas of use include pH sensors and transition metal cation indicators. Further uses of MOED includes the production of certain photosensitive materials. Research into merocyanine dyes is ongoing.

## Synthesis

Brooker's merocyanine can be prepared beginning with the methylation of 4-methylpyridine to produce 1,4-dimethylpyridinium iodide. Base catalyzed reaction with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and subsequent intramolecular dehydration provides Brooker's merocyanine.
# Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary

Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary (Khmer: ដែនជម្រកសត្វព្រៃភ្នំត្នោត-ភ្នំពក) is a 42,097 ha protected area in northern Cambodia, located in Siem Reap province. The area was formally protected as a wildlife sanctuary in August 2017. The area is supported by Our Future Organization, with the conservation program developing out of the BeTreed ecotourism social enterprise first established in 2013.
More than 70 species have been recorded at the site, and the area is of particular importance for a number of endangered species including banteng, green peafowl, and pileated gibbon. The protected area is under threat from hunting (especially snaring), logging and illegal land clearance for agriculture and speculation.
# Phyllanthus abnormis

Phyllanthus abnormis, known as Drummond's leafflower, is an herbaceous plant in the family Phyllanthaceae. It grows from 10 to 50 centimeters in height. It is native to the United States (New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Florida) and Mexico (Tamaulipas). Throughout its range, it is always found growing in sand or sandy soil.

## Taxonomy

Current taxonomy divides this species into two varieties. P. abnormis var. abnormis, has a wide distribution in New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Florida, and Tamaulipas, and is found in a variety of habitats including prairies, open oak woodlands, barrens, and dunes. P. abnormis var. riograndensis, or Rio Grande leafflower, is restricted to the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, where it grows in thornscrub, mesquite woodland, and sand or sandy soil. P. a. var. riograndensis has not been reported from adjacent areas of Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas), but is to be expected there.

## Toxicity

Drummond's leafflower is toxic to sheep, cattle, and goats, although the toxic agent is not known.
# Phos hastilis

Phos hastilis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails, or dog whelks.
# Phoenix Brewery

The Phoenix Brewery (also known as Finns Brewery) was a brewery run by the Finns family in Newbury, Berkshire, UK.

## History

The brewery was founded in the early 19th century.

### Premises

The brewer's house on Bartholomew Street was built in the 17th century and designed by James Clarke.
The main brewery buildings including the two-storey beerhouse and the three-storey brewhouse date from approximately 1842. The beerhouse features recessed sash windows and hipped roofing. The doorway to the building is wide and designed to be used for service access.
The top floor of the brewhouse contained a hoist, grain mill, water tanks and malt stores. The first floor held the engine room and the tuns while the ground floor housed the boiler, pumps, the well, and stores for barrels. The exterior of the brewhouse features a slated roof, dentil cornice and arched windows. The gables include crown glass louvres.
The complex became a Grade II listed building in November 1981.

### Closure

In the 1923, the brewery closed and was taken over by Ushers of Trowbridge. The closure meant that there was no commercial brewery in West Berkshire for 71 years, until Butts Brewery opened in Great Shefford in 1994. Upon closure, the brewhouse was converted to be used for storage.

## Current use

In the early 2000s, the brewhouse was used as a restaurant and bar. In 2004, however, the business was refused an entertainment licence due to objections from local police. In 2008, the main brewery building was opened as apartments.
# Akshar Kothari

Akshar Kothari is an Indian television actor predominantly working in the Marathi language. He is best known for his role as Shantanu on the daily soap Swabhiman - Shodh Astitvacha.

## Personal life

Kothari was married with Mansi Naik in 2015. They divorced in 2019.

## Career

In 2011, Kothari had a role in the Star Pravah show titled Band Reshmache. He later had a role in Colors Marathi's serial Chahool.
In 2021, Kothari starred in Mumbai Diaries 26/11 as Inspector Mayank Bhatt and played a role opposite Pooja Birari in Star Pravah's show Swabhiman – Shodh Astitvacha.

## Filmography
### Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2011–2012 | Bandh Reshmache | Shekhar |
| 2013 | Aaradhana | Sambhav Mahajan |
| 2014–2016 | Kamla | Devashish |
| 2017–2018 | Chahool | Sarjerao Bhosale |
| 2018–2019 | Chhoti Malkin | Shridhar Chandorkar |
| 2021 | Mumbai Diaries 26/11 | Inspector Mayank Bhat |
| 2021–2023 | Swabhiman – Shodh Astitvacha | Shantanu Suryavanshi |
| 2023–present | Laxmichya Paulanni | Advait Chandekar |

### Films

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2020 | Dafan | Inspector Apte | Short film |
# Al Asimah

Al Asimah means "the capital" in Arabic. It may refer to:
* Al Asimah Governorate (Jordan), also known as Capital Governorate, or Amman Governorate
* Al Asimah Governorate (Kuwait), also known as Capital Governorate, or Al Kuwayt Governorate
* Al Asimah Governorate (Bahrain), also known as Capital Governorate, or Al Manamah Governorate
# Phostria aterrimalis

Phostria aterrimalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1918. It is found in Cameroon.
The wingspan is about 24 mm. The forewings and hindwings are very dark black brown.
# Phostria albescentalis

Phostria albescentalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1918. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (North Kivu), Kenya and Mozambique.

## Description

The inner margin of the forewings has a small black spot at its extremity and there is a curved blackish antemedial line, as well as a small black spot in the middle of the cell and an elliptical discoidal spot. The postmedial line is blackish and there is a slight blackish terminal line. The basal half of the hindwings is white and the terminal half is whitish suffused with pale grey brown. There is a small oblique black discoidal spot and a diffused dark postmedial line, as well as an indistinct diffused curved brown subterminal line and a black terminal line.
# Phostria buckleyi

Phostria buckleyi is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1902. It is named for the naturalist Samuel Botsford Buckley. It is found in Ecuador.

## Description

The forewings are chrome yellow, darkest at the base of the costal margin. There is a rather wide band crossing the wing just beyond the cell, and the apex and outer margin are dark purplish brown. The hindwings are pale chrome yellow, but the apex and outer margin are purplish brown to the middle. A faint brown line extends from the end of the cell to the middle of the outer margin.
# Haystack Mountain (Maryland)

Haystack Mountain is a mountain ridge in the Ridge and Valley region of the Appalachian Mountains, located in western Maryland just west of the city of Cumberland. The mountain forms the southern wall of the Cumberland Narrows.

## Geography

Haystack Mountain rises just north of Cresaptown to the southwest of Cumberland and runs in a northeastward direction, achieving a height of 1,706 feet (520 m) before falling to a 1,200 feet (370 m) gap through which Interstate 68 passes. On the other side of the gap the mountain continues, noticeably lower in elevation, achieving a height of 1,480 feet (450 m) at its northern tip before falling precipitously into the Cumberland Narrows. Across the Narrows is Wills Mountain. Geologically, the two mountains are equivalent.

## History

The original route for the National Road ascended over Haystack Mountain, through the gap which I-68 now traverses, following an American Indian pathways known as Nemacolin's Path. This path was chosen by General Braddock during the French and Indian War, and was later used as part of the National Road. Remnants of the road can still be viewed today. This road was used by thousands of travelers who struggled to safely climb the mountain with their possessions stowed in creaky wagons. Travelers faced even greater dangers descending Haystack Mountain, due to its steeper grade, near present-day Sunset Drive. The road continued toward today's LaVale Plaza and ascended to the Clarysville Inn, an important wagon stand and stage house between LaVale, Maryland and Frostburg, Maryland. The National Highway (modern day U.S. Route 40) was later routed around Haystack Mountain through the Cumberland Narrows.
# Haystack Mountain

Haystack Mountain may refer to:

## United States

* Haystack Mountain (Antarctica)
* Haystack Mountain (Connecticut)
* Haystack Mountain School of Crafts, Deer Isle, Maine, United States
* Haystack Mountain (Maryland)
* Haystack Mountain (Hill County, Montana), a mountain in Hill County, Montana
* Haystack Mountain (Jefferson County, Montana), in the Boulder Mountains
* Haystack Mountain (Lincoln County, Montana), a mountain in Lincoln County, Montana
* Haystack Mountain (Powell County, Montana), a mountain in Powell County, Montana
* Haystack Mountain (Sanders County, Montana) (4,528 feet (1,380 m)), a mountain in Sanders County, Montana
* Haystack Mountain (New Mexico)
* Mount Haystack (New York)
* Haystack Mountain (Pennsylvania)
* Haystack Mountain (Vermont)
** Haystack Mountain Ski Area
* Haystack Mountain (Wyoming)

## Elsewhere

* Haystack Mountain (New South Wales), Australia, northwest of the town of Bonalbo
# Carlos Cumpián

Carlos Cumpián is an American Chicano writer who examines American realities absent from mainstream poetry. Originally from San Antonio, Texas, Cumpián has planted firm roots in the Midwest.
Cumpián was named among the Chicago Public Library's "Top Ten" requested poets and his poetry has been published in small press magazines as well as numerous anthologies. He has taught at Columbia College Chicago and has offered workshops on poetry and small press management. His books "14 Abriles: Poems" (March Abrazo Press), Latino Rainbow (Children's Press/Scholastic Books), Armadillo Charm (Tia Chucha Press) and Coyote Sun (March Abrazo Press) have received positive reviews for their contributions to Chicano literature.
Cumpián is also the editor of March Abrazo Press and has been instrumental in the longevity of the small press and establishing its presence as an independent publisher of Latino and Native American poetry. Carlos currently teaches high school English in Chicago and works to provide quality education to inner-city high school youth.

## Writings

* 14 Abriles: Poems, March Abrazo Press, Chicago, 2010
* Armadillo Charm, Tia Chucha Press, L.A. 1996 (2nd printing, 1998)
* Latino Rainbow: Poems about Latino Americans, Children's Press, Scholastic Books, Danbury, Conn., 1994 (available in hardcover, paperback and teacher's guide editions)
* Coyote Sun, March Abrazo Press, Chicago, 1990 (4th printing, 2005)
He is also published in more than 20 poetry and literary anthologies, such as Hecho en Tejas (Made in Texas): An Anthology of Texas Mexican Literature (University of New Mexico Press, 2006) and Telling Stories: An Anthology for Writers, ed. Joyce Carol Oates (W.W. Norton, New York, 1998).
# Cophixalus montanus

Cophixalus montanus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Halmahera in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia; record from New Guinea was based on misidentification.
Its natural habitat is unknown but presumably is rainforest.
# Cophixalus nubicola

Cophixalus nubicola is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea and only known from its type locality, Mount Michael in the Eastern Highlands Province. The specific name nubicola refers to its cloud-swept habitat. Common name Michael rainforest frog has been coined for this species.

## Description

Adult males measure 22–24 mm (0.87–0.94 in) and adult females up to 29 mm (1.1 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is bluntly rounded. The tympanum is visible but not prominent, and it is partially hidden by a weak supratympanic fold. The fingers and toes bear discs that are better developed on the former. No webbing is present. The body is dorsally slightly rugose and ventrally granular. The dorsal color is reddish brown. A fine vertebral line and light spots may be present. Ventral surfaces are lightly mottled.
Cophixalus nubicola is similar to Cophixalus parkeri but has shorter legs and less well-developed finger discs.

## Habitat and conservation

The type series was collected from montane rainforest and alpine grassland on a cloud-swept ridge of Mount Michael at an elevation of 3,100 m (10,200 ft) above sea level.
Cophixalus nubicola has not been collected after its description, but there have been no surveys either. The forests at higher elevations of Mount Michael experience pressure from the high human population density in the adjacent lowlands, constituting a threat. Furthermore, the species is only known from a single location, which is not protected.
# Coordinator for International Relations

In Japan, a Coordinator for International Relations (国際交流員, Kokusai Kōryūin), or CIR, is a participant on the JET Programme residing and working in the country. Although responsibilities for a CIR vary according to their contracting organization, the majority of a CIR's time is spent organizing and assisting various projects related to adjusting Japanese society to an increasingly multilingual, multicultural, and international world. Many of these projects include but are not limited to: international exchange programmes, primary and secondary school visits, language classes, cooking classes, cultural lectures, as well as translating and interpreting. CIRs are employed throughout Japan at international exchange associations, prefectural offices, city halls, town halls, village halls, and boards of education.
JET is administered by Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR) and funded by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).

## Statistics

As of July 1, 2014, there were 364 CIRs, accounting for approximately 8.2% of the 4,465 JET Programme participants.
| Prefecture/Designated City | Number of CIRs (2014) |
| Hokkaido | 21 |
| Aomori | 16 |
| Iwate | 3 |
| Miyagi | 4 |
| Akita | 11 |
| Yamagata | 5 |
| Fukushima | 4 |
| Ibaraki | 4 |
| Tochigi | 4 |
| Gunma | 3 |
| Saitama | 5 |
| Chiba | 3 |
| Tokyo | 0 |
| Kanagawa | 1 |
| Niigata | 8 |
| Toyama | 9 |
| Ishikawa | 17 |
| Fukui | 3 |
| Yamanashi | 4 |
| Nagano | 5 |
| Gifu | 8 |
| Shizuoka | 4 |
| Aichi | 5 |
| Mie | 6 |
| Shiga | 5 |
| Kyoto Prefecture | 7 |
| Osaka | 0 |
| Hyogo | 7 |
| Nara | 5 |
| Wakayama | 2 |
| Tottori | 8 |
| Shimane | 20 |
| Okayama | 1 |
| Hiroshima | 3 |
| Yamaguchi | 5 |
| Tokushima | 7 |
| Kagawa | 6 |
| Ehime | 5 |
| Kochi | 16 |
| Fukuoka | 8 |
| Saga | 6 |
| Nagasaki | 14 |
| Kumamoto | 3 |
| Oita | 6 |
| Miyazaki | 13 |
| Kagoshima | 16 |
| Okinawa | 6 |
| Sapporo | 6 |
| Sendai | 2 |
| Yokohama | 1 |
| Kawasaki | 1 |
| Nagoya City | 1 |
| Kyoto | 0 |
| Osaka City | 2 |
| Kobe | 3 |
| Hiroshima City | 2 |
| Kitakyushu City | 4 |
| Fukuoka City | 4 |
| Chiba City | 1 |
| Saitama City | 0 |
| Shizuoka City | 0 |
| Sakai City | 2 |
| Niigata City | 5 |
| Hamamatsu City | 3 |
| Okayama City | 0 |
| Sagamihara City | 1 |
| Kumamoto City | 4 |
# Carlos Tejedor Partido

Carlos Tejedor Partido is a partido in the north-west of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina.
The provincial subdivision has a population of about 11,500 inhabitants in an area of 3,933 km$^2$ (1,519 sq mi), and its capital city is Carlos Tejedor.

## Settlements

* Carlos Tejedor
* Colonia Seré
* Curarú
* Timote
* Tres Algarrobos
# Carlos Brito (businessman)

Carlos Alves de Brito (born 8 May 1960) is a Brazilian businessman who is CEO of Belron, and was CEO of Anheuser-Busch InBev from 2008 to 2021.

## Early life and education

Born on 8 May 1960 in Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Alves Brito, a Brazilian citizen, was educated at St. Ignatius College, holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and an MBA from Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Brito has described Jorge Paulo Lemann as a mentor.

## Career

Brito was named on Barron's list of the world's 30 best CEOs in 2012. Barron's said, Brito "has turned a South American brewer into the globe’s largest beer company, capped by the $52 billion purchase of Anheuser-Busch in 2008. Already, he’s boosted that unit’s profit margins by 10 percentage points.”

### AmBev

After graduating, Brito worked for Shell Oil and Daimler Benz. In 1989, he joined Brazilian beer and soft drinks company Brahma, which merged in 1999 with Companhia Antarctica Paulista to form AmBev.
At Ambev, Brito held various positions in finance, operations and sales, before being appointed CEO in January 2004. Headquartered in São Paulo, Ambev became Brazil's largest beer company.

### InBev

In 2004, AmBev merged with Belgium’s Interbrew, owner of traditional beer brands Beck's and Stella Artois, to create InBev.
Brito was appointed Zone President North America in January 2005 and then CEO in December 2005. InBev’s earnings margin (before taxes and depreciation) rose from 24.7 percent in 2004 to 34.6 percent in 2007. Its stock price nearly tripled during the same period.

### AB InBev

In July 2008, Anheuser-Busch’s board of directors accepted InBev’s takeover bid of $52 billion, or $70 per share. Brito led the transaction and remained CEO of the enlarged group.
Brito sold $9.4 billion in Anheuser-Busch assets, including Busch Gardens and SeaWorld. Trevor Stirling, a beer industry analyst at Bernstein Research (AB), said Brito made the company "enormously more profitable."
In October 2016, Brito led the acquisition of SABMiller at a purchase price of $102.85 billion, one of the largest corporate mergers in history. The deal was backed by 95% of SABMiller shareholders. Brito remained CEO of what is now the world's largest brewer, with approximately 170,000 employees producing more than 25% of the world's beer, including the labels Stella Artois, Corona and Budweiser.
In July 2021, Brito left AB InBev and was succeeded as CEO by Michel Doukeris. During Brito's tenure as CEO, from 2005 to 2020, AB InBev's market capitalization increased from $26 billion to $141 billion, annual revenue increased from $14.5 billion to $46.88 billion, normalized EBITDA increased from $4.14 billion to $17.32 billion, and normalized EBITDA margin increased from 28.6% to 36.9%.

## Personal life

Brito lives in Greenwich with his wife. They have four children.
# Carlos Brown (footballer)

Carlos Carr Brown (25 February 1882 – 12 August 1926) was an Argentine international footballer who played as a defender.

## Early life

Brown was an Argentine of Scottish origin.
Brown had four brothers who were also Argentine international players – Alfredo, Eliseo, Ernesto and Jorge – as well as one cousin, Juan Domingo. Two other brothers – Diego and Tomás – were also footballers.

## Career

Brown played club football for Alumni Athletic Club, and international football for the Argentina national team between 1903 and 1905 making 2 official appearances.
# Carlos Brown

Carlos Brown may refer to:
* Carlos Brown (American football) (born 1988), Michigan Wolverine running back
* Carlos Brown (footballer) (1882–1926), Argentine footballer
* Carlinhos Brown (born 1962), Brazilian musician
* Carlitos Brown, the Spanish name of Charlie Brown
* Alan Autry (born 1952), American actor, politician, and National Football League player
# Cornelia van Duijn

Cornelia M. van Duijn is a Dutch epidemiologist. She is a Professor of Epidemiology at Nuffield Department of Population Health and a Fellow of St Cross College, Oxford.

## Life

Cornelia van Duijn studied human nutrition and mathematical statistics at the Agricultural University of Wageningen, and genetics and epidemiology at Erasmus University Medical School.
In June 2020 she became a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences.
# Cornelian Bay

Cornelian Bay may refer to:
# Herbert Watkin Williams-Wynn

Herbert Watkin Williams-Wynn (29 April 1822 – 22 June 1862) was a British Conservative politician.
Williams-Wynn was elected MP for Montgomeryshire at a by-election in 1850—caused by the death of Charles Williams-Wynn—and held the seat until his own death in 1862.