OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Springfield, West Virginia

Springfield is a census-designated place (CDP) in northwestern Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, Springfield had a population of 477. Springfield is located north of Romney along West Virginia Route 28 at its junction with Green Spring Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 1) and Springfield Pike (West Virginia Secondary Route 3).

## History

Established on December 16, 1790, at the "Cross Roads" of Hampshire County on the property of William and Samuel Abernethy by an act of the Virginia General Assembly, Springfield was named in commemoration of the Battle of Springfield (1780).
George Washington first visited the Springfield area in 1748 as a member of a party that surveyed the land holdings of Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron in the South Branch Potomac River Valley.
In June 1861, the town organized a company of men known as the "Potomac Guards" in support of the Confederacy. The company was under the command of Captain Philip T. Grace.
On August 23, 1861, Springfield played host to an American Civil War skirmish between the Unionists and the Confederates.

### Historic Sites

Today, Springfield is the site of a number of historic private residences dating from the 18th and 19th Centuries.
* 63 Springfield Pike (1860), Springfield Pike (CR 3)
* Ridgedale (George W. Washington Farm), Washington Bottom Road (CR 28/3)
* Frenchwood, Route 28 South and Market Street
** The house is currently being restored. Captain John W. Shouse supposedly built the circa 1855 brick house.
* Springfield United Methodist Church, Vine Street
# Antonio Cerdà i Lloscos

Antonio Cerdà i Lloscos (1390 – 12 September 1459) (called the Cardinal of Messina or the Cardinal of Lleida (a.k.a. Lérida)) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

## Biography

Antonio Cerdà i Lloscos was born in Santa Margalida in 1390. He studied humanities at Palma, Majorca and then attended the University of Lleida, receiving a doctorate in Christian theology.
After he was ordained as a priest, he became a canon of Palma Cathedral. He joined the Trinitarian Order at the monastery of the Holy Spirit in Mallorca. He later became professor of moral theology, Scholastic theology, Sacred Scripture, and canon law at the University of Lleida. As first definitor of the Trinitarian Order, he attended the General Chapter of the order held in Amiens on 4 April 1429. After redacting the Trinitarian Order's new constitutions, he spent two years visiting the Trinitarian convents in the Kingdom of England, the Lordship of Ireland, and the Kingdom of Scotland, and later in Spain and Italy as well. The Roman Curia then named him procurator general of his order.
Pope Eugene IV brought Cerdà into the papal household, making him his privy chamberlain. He soon became auditor of the Roman Rota. Pope Nicholas V later named him as the pope's counselor in matters of theology and philosophy.
Upon the recommendation of Alfonso V of Aragon, he was elected Archbishop of Messina on 8 July 1447, with Pope Nicholas V confirming the election on 8 January 1448. He also became commendatory abbot of Valldigna. Bishop Cerdà did not participate in the Council of Florence (1431–49).
Pope Nicholas V made Cerdà a cardinal in the consistory of 16 February 1448. He received the red hat and the titular church of San Crisogono on 17 February 1448.
He was translated to the see of Lleida on 28 March 1449; he took possession of the see by a procurator and continued to reside in Rome. On 29 April 1449 he resigned as commendatory abbot of Valldigna. He attended the secret consistory of 27 October 1451, and later participated in the papal conclave of 1455 that elected Pope Callixtus III.
He served as apostolic administrator of the see of Giovinazzo from 6 June 1455 until 1458, and as administrator of the Archdiocese of Ravenna from 28 June 1455. He served as Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals for the year 1456. As legate in the Marche, he helped conclude the peace negotiations between the Republic of Florence and Alfonso V of Aragon.
He was present at the death of Pope Callixtus III on 6 August 1458. He then participated in the papal conclave of 1458 that elected Pope Pius II.
He died in Rome on 12 September 1459. He is buried in St. Peter's Basilica.
# Antonio Cecere

Antonio Cecere (born 1978) is an Italian author.
Cecere was born in Naples and has lived in London since 1997. He established himself as a writer at a young age, publishing in 1998 the novel Farfalle. In 2004 his second novel "I Sogni di George" was published in English in the United States under the title George Tonali's Dreams.
In 2013 Cecere was awarded the Diploma di Merito at the Premio Nazionale Albero Andronico for "I Sogni di George".
Literary critic Carmine di Biase positioned Antonio Cecere's writing between Italo Calvino and Umberto Eco for style and content.
   "Few writers this century managed to show a similar depth of psychological self-analysis: Calvino in Palomar, Saint'Exupery in Le Petit Prince and Gibran in The Prophet." Chiara Rubino, 2004
   "[...]I believe a new kind of writer is born, for his geniality of style and deep understanding of human self-discovery." Carmine Di Biase, 2004
# Antanas Račas

Antanas Račas (August 28, 1940 – February 9, 2014) was a Lithuanian politician. In 1990 he was among those who signed the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
Račas graduated from Sakiai District Kiduliai secondary school. In 1962–1967, studied Germanic languages in Vilnius University where he received a degree in philology. He later worked in various schools. In 1976, was fired from Kelme District Saukenai secondary school for "relations with anti-Soviets and clerics".
Until 1990 Račas worked in Kelme Secondary school No. 2 as a teacher of the German language. Participated in the activity of Sąjūdis (Reform Movement of Lithuania), was Chairman of the Sajudis Council in Kelme District. After the events of January 1991, the Committee of Foreign Affairs established Lithuanian Information Bureau in Huttenfeld (Germany), Anatanas Račas was Head of the bureau until 18 November 1991. Račas was also the founder of Lithuanian Samaritan Community.
In 1990–1992, Račas was elected to the Supreme Council-Reconstituent Seimas. As a member of the then Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats was a Member of the Seimas since 25 November 1996.
# Spjelkavik

Spjelkavik is a borough in the town of Ålesund in Ålesund Municipality, Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is also called "Vika" by many locals. Spjelkavik is located on the western end of the island of Uksenøya, at the intersection of the European route E39 and European route E136 highways, just west of the lake Brusdalsvatnet. The villages of Breivika, Myrland, and Løvika lie to the south of Spjelkavik. The population of Spjelkavik is approximately 11,000 inhabitants and is the second largest part of the city. It is also one of areas that grows the quickest in Ålesund. The distance from the city center of Ålesund to Spjelkavik is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi).
Spjelkavik has one of Norway's biggest malls (in the area called Moa) and the Spjelkavik branch of the Ålesund public library. Moa was once considered as a potential place for the city's airport, but final plans were made and the airport was built on the nearby island of Vigra instead. Today this area is booming due to not only shopping, but also a central point for logistic connections. Spjelkavik Church is located here.
# Dapode

Dapode is a village in the Thane district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Bhiwandi taluka.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Dapode has 749 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 88.08%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 3026 | 1785 | 1241 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 401 | 212 | 189 |
| Scheduled caste | 139 | 81 | 58 |
| Scheduled tribe | 27 | 13 | 14 |
| Literates | 2312 | 1452 | 860 |
| Workers (all) | 1371 | 1186 | 185 |
| Main workers (total) | 1278 | 1113 | 165 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 103 | 77 | 26 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 60 | 9 | 51 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 23 | 17 | 6 |
| Main workers: Other | 1092 | 1010 | 82 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 93 | 73 | 20 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 16 | 15 | 1 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 7 | 3 | 4 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 66 | 55 | 11 |
| Non-workers | 1655 | 599 | 1056 |
# Antoine-Stanislas de Curières de Castelnau Saint-Cosme Sainte-Eulalie

Antoine-Stanislas de Curières de Castelnau Saint-Cosme Sainte-Eulalie (Saint-Cosme, Aveyron, 1740 — Lyon, September 1783) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence, and became a member of the Society of the Cincinnati.

## Biography

Sainte-Eulalie joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine in 1755. He took part in the Battle of Minorca on 20 May 1756.
He took part in the Larache expedition in 1765 under Du Chaffault, where he was gravely wounded and earned a promotion to Lieutenant for his conduct.
In 1777, he captained the 18-gun corvette Flèche. The year after, he transferred to the 26-gun frigate Aimable, part of the squadron under Vice-amiral d'Estaing. He took part in the Battle of Rhode Island on 29 August 1778, in the Battle of St. Lucia on 15 December 1778, and in the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779, where he was wounded.
Sainte-Eulalie was then given command of the 32-gun frigate Railleuse, on which he took part in the Battle of the Chesapeake on 5 September 1781, and in the subsequent Siege of Yorktown.
In 1782, he was given command of the 64-gun Vaillant, which he sailed to France. He then captained the 74-gun Magnanime and Téméraire.
He died in September 1783.

## Sources and references

Notes
Citations
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Contenson (1934), p. 167.
References
* Contenson, Ludovic (1934). La Société des Cincinnati de France et la guerre d'Amérique (1778-1783). Paris: éditions Auguste Picard. OCLC 7842336.
* Lacour-Gayet, Georges (1910). La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI. Paris: Honoré Champion. pp. 431–434.
# Has, Novi Travnik

Has is a village in the municipality of Novi Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 333.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 323 | 97.0% |
| Croats | 8 | 2.4% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 0.3% |
| Total | 333 | 100% |
# Hasle Church

Hasle Church (Danish: Hasle Kirke) is a church located in Hasle Parish in Aarhus, Denmark. The church is located 3 km. west of Aarhus city centre and north of Åbyhøj. It is a parish church within the Church of Denmark servicing a parish population of 7.515 (2015).

## Architecture

The original building was erected in the mid-12th century in romanesque style. The walls are constructed of raw boulders with ashlar in the corners, windows and doorways. The north wall has two preserved, original windows while the north door and a window on the east wall has been walled off. The church porch was built in 1871–72 in place of an older half-timbered building and in 2005 the porch was widened to make the original granite reliefs visible.
The church is notable for its intricate stonemasonry. The original reliefs in the porch includes a tympanum depicting Jesus Christ on the cross, lions fighting dragons and people and a head with a halo at the left base of the entryway. In the south corner of the tower sits a granite ashlar decorated with reliefs, thought to be from the walled off north door. The relief depicts a man holding his right hand behind the skirt of a woman while the woman is reaching through the stone for a ring in the mouth of a person with the head of a horse. Both man and woman holds their left hands up to their ears as if listening.
# Spiritual Unity (Marc Ribot album)

Spiritual Unity is a 2005 album by guitarist Marc Ribot released on Pi Recordings. The album features compositions by saxophonist Albert Ayler who Ribot identifies as a significant influence. Bassist Henry Grimes who plays on the album had earlier recorded with Ayler. It was recorded at Orange Music Sound Studio, West Orange, New Jersey on October 28, 2004, except "Bells", which was recorded live at Tonic in New York City on October 27, 2004.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Sean Westergaard awarded the album 4 stars, stating, "Ayler's time on earth was far too short, but Ribot and company show that this music still lives on in the present moment, not simply as a relic of the past. Spiritual Unity isn't for the timid, but Ayler fans will find a lot to enjoy".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

All compositions are by Albert Ayler, except where noted.
* "Invocation" (Ribot) – 9:17
* "Spirits" – 8:25
* "Truth Is Marching In" – 12:50
* "Saints" – 6:43
* "Bells" – 15:32

## Personnel

* Roy Campbell – trumpet, pocket trumpet
* Marc Ribot – guitar
* Henry Grimes – bass
* Chad Taylor – drums
# Anthony Nesbit

Anthony Nesbit (1778 – 15 March 1859) was an English schoolmaster and land surveyor.

## Biography

Nesbit was the son of Jacob Nesbit, farmer, of Long Benton, near Newcastle-on-Tyne, where he was baptised on 3 May 1778. In the preface to his ‘Arithmetic’ he states that he was educated ‘under the direction of some of the first commercial and mathematical preceptors in the kingdom,’ and that, having a decided predilection for teaching, he became a schoolmaster at an early age. He lived successively at Whitby, Malton, Scarborough, Bridlington, and Hull. In 1808–9 he was an under-master at Preston grammar school, as appears from a communication to the ‘Lady's Diary’ for 1809. In 1810 he describes himself on the title-page of his ‘Land Surveying’ as ‘land surveyor and teacher of the mathematics at Farnley, near Leeds.’ About 1814 he set up a school at Bradford, removing in 1821 or thereabouts to Manchester, where his school in Oxford Road became well known. About 1841 he removed to London, and started a school at 38 Lower Kennington Lane.
His books, which had a considerable reputation in their day, especially in the North of England, are:
* ‘Land Surveying,’ York, 1810.
* ‘Mensuration,’ 1816.
* ‘English Parsing,’ 1817.
* ‘Practical Gauging,’ York, 1822.
* ‘Arithmetic,’ Liverpool, 1826; second part, London, 1846.
* ‘An Essay on Education,’ London, 1841. His sons, John Collis Nesbit and Edward Planta Nesbit, took part in the compilation of the last-named work. Some of his books went through several editions, and his ‘Land Surveying,’ revised by successive editors, still retains its popularity, the twelfth edition appearing in 1870. He was an excellent teacher, though somewhat severe; and in the preface to his ‘Arithmetic’ he laments that an over-fond parent too often ‘prohibits the teacher from using the only means that are calculated to make a scholar of his son.’ He contributed to the mathematical portions of the ‘Lady's Diary,’ ‘Enquirer,’ and ‘Leeds Correspondent.’ He died in Kennington Lane on 15 March 1859, and was buried in Norwood Cemetery (Gent. Mag. May 1859, p. 547 a).
# Antoine Penchenier

Antoine Penchenier, or Penchinier, (? , Montélimar – 1761, Donzère), was an 18th-century French physician.

## Biography

Born in Montélimar, he studied medicine in Montpellier where he held a practise. Penchenier wrote the article Goutte (gout) for volume VII of the Encyclopédie by Diderot and D'Alembert, in which he denounced in the same time charlatans and their powders of orvietan.
After his death, his widow, Delphine Rapin, married Vincent-Amable de Roqueplane, baron de Lestrade, from Montélimar.
# Antoni Przybylski

Antoni Przybylski (1913 — 21 September 1985), (Polish pronunciation), sometimes referred to as "Bill", was a Polish-Australian astronomer best known for discovering the star that was named for him.

## Early life

In the 1930s, Przybylski attended the University of Poznań and worked as a research assistant at their observatory, where he studied comets.

## World War II

At the outbreak of the Second World War, he joined the Polish Army and served as an artillery officer during the defense of Warsaw, after which he was taken prisoner and interned in Mecklenburg. In 1941, he escaped, and made his way across Germany, mostly at night, until he finally arrived in Switzerland, where he spent the rest of the war as a student and instructor at ETH Zurich. At ETH, he eventually earned a Doctorate in Technical Science, writing a thesis titled "Determination of Oxygen in Copper."

## Australia

In 1950, Przybylski emigrated to Australia aboard the SS Goya. There, he spent five months as a manual laborer for the Postmaster General's Department before coming to the attention of Richard Woolley, who recruited him to work at Mount Stromlo Observatory (part of the then-nascent Australian National University). Woolley subsequently awarded him a scholarship, and then became his thesis supervisor; in 1954, Przybylski received the first doctorate bestowed by ANU, for his thesis on the theory of stellar atmospheres.
In 1957, Woolley was replaced as director of Mount Stromlo by Bart Bok, who mandated that the observatory's theoreticians also participate in direct observation; this led directly to Przybylski's discovery that HD101065 is a peculiar star. Przybylski also was the first to attempt a fine analysis of a high dispersion spectrum of a star in the Magellanic Clouds.

## Later life

After retiring from Mount Stromlo, Przybylski lived at ANU's John XXIII college and studied botany, zoology, and geology gaining a Bachelor of Science degree in Natural Sciences in 1984 at the age of 71, a year before his death.
# Spizellomycetales

Spizellomycetales is an order of fungi in the Chytridiomycetes. Spizellomycetalean chytrids are essentially ubiquitous zoospore-producing fungi found in soils where they decompose pollen. Recently they have also been found in dung and harsh alpine environments, greatly expanding the range of habitats where one can expect to find these fungi.

## Role in the environment

Spizellomycetalean chytrids have beneficial roles in the soil for nutrient recycling and as parasites of organisms that attack plants, such as nematodes and oospores of downy mildews. On the other hand, they also have detrimental roles as parasites of arbuscular mycorrhizae, symbiotic fungi that help plants gain essential nutrients. Culture isolation studies and molecular characterization of these fungi have demonstrated a great deal of undescribed diversity within the Spizellomycetales, even for isolates collected within the same geographic location. Thus, these understudied fungi await greater exploration.

## Taxonomy

The order includes the following genera:
* Family Caulochytriaceae Subramanian 1974
** Genus Caulochytrium Voos & Olive 1968
* Family Powellomycetaceae Simmons 2011
** Genus Fimicolochytrium Simmons & Longcore 2012
** Genus Geranomyces D.R. Simmons 2011
** Genus Powellomyces Longcore, D.J.S. Barr & Désauln. 1995
** Genus Thoreauomyces Simmons & Longcore 2012
* Family Spizellomycetaceae Barr 1980
** Genus Brevicalcar Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus Bulbomyces Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus Gaertneriomyces D.J.S. Barr 1980
** Genus Gallinipes Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus Kochiomyces D.J.S. Barr 1980
** Genus Spizellomyces D.J.S. Barr 1980
** Genus Triparticalcar D.J.S. Barr 1980
# Spizzico

Spizzico is a chain of franchised quick-service pizzerias owned by the Italian-based multinational catering company Autogrill.

## Locations

The chain currently has 169 restaurants in Italy, Greece, Switzerland, France, and the United States. Typical locations include motorway service areas, airports, railway stations, high streets, shopping malls, and trade fairs. Spizzico restaurants often share a site with other Autogrill fast-food restaurant chains located in the same building.

## Serving

Spizzico's staple offering consists of very large pizzas (far bigger than regular pizzeria-served or home-delivered ones) which are sold in eighth, quarter, or half slices with a variable number of toppings (some fixed, some seasonal, some special), together with pizza slices calzones, fried panzerotti and such other fast-food fare as fries, salads, soft drinks, and desserts. Meals can be eaten in the restaurant or taken out to consume elsewhere.
# Danova

Danova can refer to:
* the Latin name of the ancient (now titular) episcopal see of Danaba
* Ďanová, a village in Slovakia
* Cesare Danova, Italian-born actor
# Danou

Danou is a town in the Bana Department of Balé Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1311.
# Valve stenosis

Valve stenosis may refer to:
* Pulmonary valve stenosis
* Aortic valve stenosis
* Mitral valve stenosis
# Hattena clemmys

Hattena clemmys is a species of mite in the family Ameroseiidae.
# Hattencourt

Hattencourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Hattencourt is situated on the D161 and D132 crossroads and about 100 yards from the A1 autoroute, some 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Amiens.

## History

The village was first mentioned in the 14th century. It was razed to the ground by the troops of Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne in 1636. As with many villages of the Somme, it was ruined by the bombardments of the First World War.
# Hattenberger

Hattenberger is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Matthias Hattenberger (born 1978), Austrian footballer, son of Roland
* Roland Hattenberger (born 1948), Austrian footballer
# Sproson

Sproson is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Archie Sproson (1890–1980), English footballer
* Emma Sproson, English suffragette
* Phil Sproson (born 1959), English footballer
* Roy Sproson, English footballer
* Thomas Sproson, English footballer