OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Besnier

Besnier may refer to:
* Besnier (locksmith), a French who attempted to fly using two paddle-like wings (1678); see Wright Brothers National Memorial
* Emmanuel Besnier (born 1971), French businessman
* Ernest Besnier (1831–1909), French dermatologist
* Jean-Michel Besnier (born c. 1968), French billionaire heir and major shareholder of Lactalis
* Marie Besnier Beauvalot (born c. 1981), French billionaire heiress and major shareholder of Lactalis
* Michel Besnier (1928–2000), former CEO of Lactalis
* Maurice Besnier (1873–1933), French historian
* Besnier Boeck disease, a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas
# UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue

The UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue, or UBV M, is the star brightness catalogue that complies to the UBV photometric system developed by astronomer Harold Johnson.

## Evolution of the UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue

The early edition of 1968 by Blanco, sometimes referred as simply the "Photoelectric Catalogue" or UBV was replaced by the Mermilliod edition UBV M in 1987 and extended in 1993. As the atmospheric extinction problem associated with the UBV photometric system became evident, the UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue was phased-out in 2000.

## Download locations

The UBV catalog data format is in plain text. After uncompressing by unzip or gunzip it can be seen by any text viewers or by the online ADC viewer. Specifications for the catalog format are provided at the download sites.
* Original catalogue data, 1953-1985, 109293 objects (alternative reference is Mermilliod, 1987)
* Catalogue extension, 1986-1992, 25639 objects
* Alternative download site for catalogue extension, 1986-1992, 25639 objects
* This astronomical catalog article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Urs A. Meyer

Urs Albert Meyer is a Swiss physician-scientist and clinical pharmacologist.

## Life

Meyer is professor emeritus of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel. After clinical and research training at the University of California, San Francisco, USA, he worked as assistant professor in clinical pharmacology at the same institution. In 1974, he became Head of Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital of Zurich. From 1983 to 2008, Meyer carried out research and taught as professor of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel, where he also acted as Chairman. He has served in various World Health Organization and National Institutes of Health functions and was president of the Clinical Section of the Swiss National Science Foundation.

## Work

The research of Urs A. Meyer explored the pharmacogenomic and environmental mechanisms that cause interindividual variability in drug response. In his postdoctoral work, he described the molecular defect in heme synthesis causing hepatic porphyrias. He and his coworkers later made the first transgenic mouse model of this disease and elucidated the drug sensitivity of patients with porphyria. Meyer's laboratory received international acclaim through the discovery of the molecular mechanism of two common genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolism which cause a variable clinical response to numerous drugs. His team identified the genes and mutations for the enzyme cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 and for N-acetyltransferase 2 and developed the first pharmacogenetic DNA tests. Furthermore, Meyer contributed to the molecular mechanism by which certain drugs activate nuclear receptors and thereby regulate the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. These predictable variations in drug response allow actionable clinical decisions for drug choice and drug dose and are important components of personalized medicine and precision medicine.

## Awards and honors

* 1971–1974: Faculty Development Award in Clinical Pharmacology by the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Foundation
* 1974: Cloëtta Prize
* 1978: Award of the Anita Saurer Foundation
* 1991: Rawls-Palmer Award for Progress in Medicine of the American Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
* 2004: Robert Pfleger Research Award
* 2004: R.T. Williams Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics
* 2010–2011: President, International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX)
* 2019: Lifetime Achievement Award of the European Association of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
# Beyond the Space, Beyond the Time

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| MetalStorm | |
| Metal Temple | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Beyond the Space, Beyond the Time is the debut album by Polish power/heavy metal band Pathfinder. The album was co-produced by the sound engineer Mariusz Pietka and Pathfinder, and was originally released to Asian audiences through Radtone Records on April 14, 2010 and later, worldwide through Sonic Attack Records.
The band's first music video, for the song The Lord of Wolves, was released on 15 March 2011.

## Track listing

* "Deep Into That Darkness Peering..." – 3:23
* "The Whisper of Ancient Rocks" – 5:53
* "Vita Reducta Through The Portal" – 1:00
* "Pathway to The Moon" – 6:52
* "All The Mornings of The World" – 5:04
* "The Demon Awakens" – 6:10
* "Undiscovered Dreams" – 5:00
* "The Lord of Wolves" – 6:40
* "Sons of Immortal Fire" – 5:12
* "Stardust" – 8:30
* "Dance of Flames" – 1:02
* "To The Island of Immortal Fire" – 5:06
* "Beyond The Space, Beyond The Time" – 10:34
* "What If..." – 1:28
* "Forever Young (Alphaville Cover) (Japan Bonus Track)" – 5:34

## Personnel
### Pathfinder

* Simon Kostro – lead vocals
* Karol Mania – lead & rhythm guitars
* Krzysztof Gunsen Elzanowski – lead & rhythm guitars
* Kamil Ruth – drums
* Bartosz Ogrodowicz – keyboards
* Arkadiusz E. Ruth – bass

### Guest musicians

* Agatha Lejba-Migdalskiej – soprano
* Michał Jelonek – violin
# Texas Proposition 1

Texas Proposition 1 may refer to various ballot measures in Texas, including:
* 2007 Texas Proposition 1
* 2021 Texas Proposition 1
* 2023 Texas Proposition 1
# Conybeare's Textbook of Medicine

Conybeare's Textbook of Medicine is a medical textbook. The first edition was published in 1929 and it reached its fifteenth edition in 1970, causing a reviewer to state the review was "superfluous". Another review stated it was "old-fashioned and readable...well written".
The doctor for whom the text is named is John Josias Conybeare, son of Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare. He was on the staff of Guy's Hospital from which he retired in 1953, and died in 1967.
# Beyond the Sky

Beyond the Sky may refer to:
* Beyond the Sky (film), a 2018 American science fiction film
* "Beyond the Sky", a track on 2006 Quasi album When the Going Gets Dark
* Beyond the Sky, American band formed by Ryan Cabrera
# Héctor Libertella

Héctor Libertella (1945–2006) was an Argentine writer.

## Works published

* The Road of the Hyperboreans, novel, Ed, Buenos Aires, 1968.
* Adventures of Miticistas, novel, Ed Monte Avila, Caracas, 1971.
* People Fighting Pose, novel, Ed Corregidor, Buenos Aires, 1975.
* New Latin American Writing, Essay, Ed Monte Avila, Caracas / Buenos Aires, 1977.
* Cavemen! Stories Abbat Per Ed, Buenos Aires, 1985.
* The International Tour of the Wicked, novella, Latin American Publishing Group, Buenos Aires, 1990.
* Tests or Tests on a Tight Network, essays, Latin American Publishing Group, Buenos Aires, 1990.
* Pathografeia. Diverted Games Literature, Conversations, Latin American Publishing Group, Buenos Aires, 1991.
* The Sacred Writings, Critical Essays, Ed Sudamericana, Buenos Aires, 1993.
* Memoirs of a Demigod, novel, Ed Profile, Buenos Aires, 1998.
* The Tree Saussure, Story-Utopia, Ed Adriana Hidalgo, Buenos Aires, 2000.
* Literal 1973-1977, (ed.), Buenos Aires, Santiago Arcos editor, 2002.
* The Bookseller Argentina, Cordoba, editor Alcyone, 2003.
* The Legend of Jorge Bonino, Córdoba, editor Alcyone, 2010
# Beyt-us-safa

Beyt-us-safa was a literary council which was first held in the 19th century in Azerbaijan.

## History

The literary council was held in the middle of the 19th century, its center was Shamakhy and it was called "Beytus-safa" ("Comfort, fun house"). It was established and established at home of poet Mahammad Safa. The word “Safa” in the name of the council comes from here. Seyid Azim Shirvani was the head of the council. He was the great Azerbaijani poet. Among the members there were Mollah Agha Bikhud, Aghababa Zuhuri, Alakbar Gafil and others. "Beytus-Safa" was in contact with "Majlisi –uns" and "Maslisi-faramushan" in Shusha and "Majmaus-shuara" in Baku[. In council several topics such as literature, art, philosophy were discussed. They read classic works and their own works.
# Usha Vidyarthi

Usha Vidyarthi is an Indian politician. She was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Paliganj constituency in Bihar in the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. She joined Lok Janashakti Party ahead of 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.
# Croatia Meat v Millennium Properties

Croatia Meat CC v Millennium Properties (Pty) Ltd (Sofokleous Intervening) was a court case in South Africa, considered important in the South African law of lease.

## The case
### Overview

Sofokleous ran a supermarket from premises leased from Millennium Properties, which owned the shopping centre in which the supermarket was situated. Clause 6.4 of the lease agreement prohibited Millennium from leasing other premises in the shopping centre for the purpose of conducting a business similar to that of the lessee. When Sofokleous realised that Millennium had entered into a lease with Croatia Meat, giving the latter the right to run a butchery from the shopping centre, he sought an interdict prohibiting Millennium from permitting any person other than himself to conduct a butchery business from any premises in that centre.

### Legal issues

The two main issues in the two applications were:
* whether Millennium had breached its lease with Sofokleous by entering into the lease with Croatia; and, if so,
* whether Sofokleous was entitled to an interdict or Croatia to an order for specific performance.
The court held that Sofokleous was running a fully equipped butchery from within the supermarket, and that it could not be said that his was a supermarket that merely sold meat as a part of its usual range of food. Millennium had acted in breach of clause 6.4 of the lease agreement with Sofokleous when it entered into the lease with Croatia.
The question was which of the competing and irreconcilable claims for specific performance by the innocent parties, Sofokleous and Croatia, should be enforced, and which party had to be left with a claim for damages against Millennium.

### Judgement

The court held that, although the damages Sofokleous would suffer on a month-to-month basis appeared to be less than what Croatia was suffering, Croatia was able to limit its damages by finding alternative premises if Sofokleous's claim were upheld, resulting in a loss far less than the long-term loss that Sofokleous would suffer. There was thus no overriding equity that favoured either of the claims for specific performance.
The rule qui prior est tempore potior est jure, as applied to the law of double sales, had therefore to be applied. Sofokleous's claim was upheld and that of Croatia dismissed.
# Liberty County Courthouse (Georgia)

Liberty County Courthouse is a historic two-story domed redbrick government building located at 100 Main Street in Hinesville, Liberty County, Georgia, Built in 1926, it was designed by J. J. Baldwin in the Classical Revival style of architecture. Architecturally complementary wings were added in 1965. On September 18, 1980, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

## Photo

* Front side
* Back side
# Texas Pro Soccer Festival 2008

The 2008 Texas Pro Soccer Festival held in San Antonio, Texas, was a four-team round robin pre-season competition hosted by the San Antonio Metropolitan Youth Soccer Institute (SAMYS) , a 501 (c)3 nonprofit charity cofounded by Dr. Edward P. Sakiewicz. The event was organized in cooperation and assistance with the Houston Dynamo under the leadership of Chris Canetti, President of Business Operations.
The Dynamo were a large part of assisting SAMYS as a week-long pre-season training camp. 2008 marked the first year that the Dynamo hosted a pre-season tournament in cooperation with SAMYS. The participating MLS teams trained daily at Pepsi Soccer, TX, the facility developed by SAMYS in Schertz, Texas. The teams competed amongst each other in double-header exhibition matches at Steele Stadium in Cibolo, Texas.
The 2008 Texas Pro Soccer Festival also featured a celebrity game, played during the day between the 2nd and 3rd matchdays. The celebrities who appeared included Ethan Zohn and Jenna Morasca of Survivor fame, as well as Anthony LaPaglia and Eric Wynalda., Thoma Rongen, Carlos and Gabe Garcia (formerly D.C. United). and other players such as Marcello Balboa, Preki and others.

## Participating teams and Results

| Team | Team | Pts | Pld | W | L | T | GF | GA | GD |
| Houston Dynamo | Houston Dynamo | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | +2 |
| D.C. United | D.C. United | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | +2 |
| Toronto FC | Toronto FC | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 7 | -1 |
| Chivas USA | Chivas USA | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 | -3 |

## Scorers
### 2 goals

* Cezar (D.C. United)
* Brian Ching (Houston Dynamo)
* Jeff Cunningham (Toronto FC)

### 1 goal

* Martin Brittain (Toronto FC)
* Franco Caraccio (Houston Dynamo)
* Dwayne DeRosario (Houston Dynamo)
* Danny Dichio (Toronto FC)
* Jorge Flores (Chivas USA)
* Josh Gardner (D.C. United)
* Quavas Kirk (D.C. United)
* Kiki Musampa (Toronto FC)
* Ante Razov (Chivas USA)
* Erik Ustruck (Houston Dynamo)
* Tony Vairelles (Toronto FC)
* Chris Wondolowski (Houston Dynamo)

### Own Goals

* Kiki Musampa (Toronto FC, playing against Chivas USA)
# Benali

Benali may refer to:
* Abdelkader Benali (born 1975), Moroccan-Dutch writer and journalist
* Ahmad Benali (born 1992), Libyan football player
* Francis Benali (born 1968), English football player and coach
* Ghalia Benali (born 1968), singer of Tunisian origin
* Houssine Benali (born 1969) Moroccan former football player
* Youssef Benali (born 1995), French football player
* Youssef Benali (handballer) (born 1987), Tunisian-Qatari handball player
* Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (born 1936), former President of Tunisia
# Bewani River

The Bewani River is a river in Western New Guinea, Indonesia.
# Battle for Midway: Decision in the Pacific, 1942

Battle for Midway: Decision in the Pacific, 1942 is a board wargame published by Game Designers' Workshop (GDW) in 1976 that simulates the Battle of Midway during World War II.

## Background

In June 1942, six months after the Attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan sought to ambush an American fleet near Midway Island and take control of the island in order to extend their defensive perimeter and offensive capabilities against Fiji, Samoa and Hawaii. However, American codebreakers were able to read the Japanese orders, and the Americans planned a trap of their own, setting up one of the most important naval engagements of the war.

## Description

Battle for Midway is a two-player wargame in which one player controls American forces and the other controls Japanese forces. The game, which takes 6-10 hours to play, features submarines, initiative, invasion, combat air patrol, air combat in waves, and storms. The game is relatively complex, including 2 hex grid maps, 480 die-cut counters, an extensive rulebook and several players' aids.

## Publication history

Battle for Midway was designed by Marc Miller, and was published by GDW in 1976 as a ziplock bag game. The rulebook artwork by Rodger B. MacGowan served as the game's front cover.

## Reception

In the 1977 book The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming, Nick Palmer called the game "Another sizable GDW production, filled with detail", and noted that "Unfortunately, many of the interesting features [...] are ineffective or have an odd effect on the game, and the full-length game adds almost nothing to the abbreviated one. Plenty of potential, but purchasers should experiment with rule modifications." In his 1980 sequel, The Best of Board Wargaming , Palmer added "A very strange game going well beyond Avalon Hill's simple Midway to little apparent effect." Palmer recommended several rule changes to improve the game. He concluded, "As it stands, it looks to me like a rush job with enthusiasm outpacing testing." Palmer gave the game a very poor "Excitement grade" of only 25%.
In Issue 9 of the UK wargaming magazine Phoenix, Rob Gibson compared Midway to GDW's previously published Coral Sea (1974), and wrote "the new simulation shows considerable additions to the use of ships and aircraft.' In effect, this makes it a more sophisticated simulation." Gibson concluded on a positive note, calling the game "a first-class sim ulation of the battle that destroyed the Japanese capability to wage an offensive naval campaign and passed the initiative to the United States."
In The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training, Martin Campion called this game "a good strategic simulation, and it is not very detailed tactically." He suggested for classroom use that the teacher could use a fully secret movement and search system.

## Other reviews and commentary

* Fire & Movement 67
* Panzerfaust & Campaign #76
* Games & Puzzles #57
# Betty Branch (artist)

Betty Branch is a contemporary American visual artist known for public works, sculpture, painting, and drawing.

## Background

Betty Branch earned her Bachelor of Arts in Studio Art (1979) and Master of Arts in Liberal Studies (1987) from Hollins University and completed additional studies with artists Denis Knight and Georgiana Mailoff, and at Miles and Generalis Sculptural Services. She lives and works in Roanoke, Virginia. Her first retrospective exhibition, Betty Branch: Through the Crow's Eye, a Retrospective, presented the artist's work in bronze, marble, porcelain, works on paper, and performance pieces.

## Selected solo and group exhibitions

* Betty Branch: Through the Crow's Eye, a Retrospective, September 17 – November 21, 2009, Eleanor D. Wilson Museum at Hollins University, Roanoke, VA
* Betty Branch, 1998, Nelson Gallery, Lexington, VA
* Sculpture by Betty Branch, 1994, du Pont Gallery, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA
* The Box: Remembering the Gift, 1993, Santa Fe, New Mexico
* Women and Children: Difficult Truths, 1990, Southern Seminary College, Greenville, SC

## Collections

* Taubman Museum of Art, Roanoke, VA
* Castlegar Sculpturewalk, Castlegar, BC, Canada
* Brookgreen Gardens, Murrells Inlet, SC
* Roanoke Valley Libraries, Roanoke, VA
* Eleanor D. Wilson Museum at Hollins University, Roanoke, VA
# Iddi

Iddi is a surname. It may refer to:
* Abdul-Yakuni Iddi (born 1986), Ghanaian footballer
* Baba Iddi (born 1982), Ghanaian footballer
* Gilbert Seidu Iddi, Ghanaian academic and politician
* Rita Tani Iddi, Ghanaian politician
* Saani Iddi (1956–2012), Ghanaian politician and entrepreneur
* Seif Ali Iddi (born 1942), Tanzanian politician
* Ziblim Iddi, Ghanaian politician
# Ustilago avenae

Ustilago avenae is a plant pathogen. Semiloose smut of oats can be found wherever oats are grown, as they are seldom treated with seed treatments. The level of treatment is low because oats command a lower sale price than other cereals and hence it is thought that treatment is uneconomic. Semiloose smut of oats, unlike loose smut of wheat and barley, can thus infect up to 80 per cent of a crop.
As with wheat and barley the grains of semiloose smut infected oat plants are completely replaced by the smut fungus. It is not evident until heads emerge and is very difficult to distinguish from covered smut.

## Life cycle

As for loose smut of wheat and barley; however, the semiloose smut fungus is carried on the seed surface and not inside the embryo of the seed. The pathogen is activated when the infected seed germinates, and it extends toward the growing point of the plant.
Evident from flowering onwards when the plant begins to form the head, the fungus invades all of the young head tissue except for that of the rachis (backbone). Production of plant growth hormones by the fungus results in infected plant heads reaching flowering earlier than healthy heads.
The head produced by the infected plant contains black spore masses in place of the grain. The spores are loosely held and are easily spread by wind onto neighboring healthy plants. Because flowering of infected heads occurs earlier than healthy heads, production and release of spores occurs when the rest of the crop is flowering. Spores are blown by the wind into the flowers of the healthy plants. The spores enter the ovaries and become part of the developing grain. In this way, seed for the following year becomes contaminated.
# Eleanor Perenyi

Eleanor Spencer Stone Perényi (January 4, 1918 – May 3, 2009) was a gardener and author. She wrote several books including Green Thoughts, a collection of essays based on her own gardening experiences.

## Biography

Eleanor Perenyi was the daughter of a US Navy officer, Ellis S. Stone and Grace Zaring Stone. Grace Zaring Stone wrote her anti-Nazi novel Escape under the pseudonym Ethel Vance, for fear of jeopardizing the safety of her daughter, who was then living with her husband, the son of the Hungarian noble Baron Zsigmond Perényi, in pro-Fascist Hungary, then to be an ally of the Axis powers during World War II.

## Works

Perenyi is best known as the author of Green Thoughts: A Writer in the Garden, which drew on her work on her husband's rural estate near the present-day town of Vynohradiv, Ukraine (the former Nagyszőlős, Hungary). Her life there is further recorded in her 1946 memoir More Was Lost, which describes her marriage to her Hungarian noble husband and the impact of World War II on life in rural Hungary. Her other books include the Civil War novel The Bright Sword (1955) and a study of Franz Liszt.
Green Thoughts was reviewed by Brooke Astor in The New York Times.
More Was Lost was reprinted by New York Review of Books Press in 2016 with an introduction by the poet J.D. McClatchy and is reviewed by Sadie Stein in The Paris Review.

## Award

Perenyi was given an award in literature from the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1982.
# Taylor Janzen

Taylor Janzen is a Canadian indie rock musician from Winnipeg, Manitoba. To date, Janzen has released two EPs and one full-length album.

## Early life

Janzen is from Winnipeg, Manitoba.

## Career

Janzen's first release was an acoustic EP she recorded in her basement in the summer of 2017, titled Fear & Faith. Janzen released her first official EP at the age of 19. The EP, titled Interpersonal, was released in August 2018 and consists of four songs. In 2019, Janzen released her second official EP titled Shouting Matches. The EP was written while Janzen was going through a period of massive anxiety. The EP was recorded with a full band, a first for Janzen. It was recorded in Omaha, Nebraska with Mike Mogis. In July 2021, Janzen released a new song titled Push It Down. She released another new song, Something Better, in October 2021. On March 3, 2023, she released her first full-length album I Live In Patterns.
In August 2023, Janzen announced via her Facebook Page that she is moving to Nashville, Tennessee to pursue bigger opportunities in her music career.
# Kokoona zeylanica

Kokoona zeylanica, known in Sinhala as කොකුන් (Kokun) is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is not to be confused with the similar sounding word කොකුම් which stands for the Kokum plant. The genus was formerly classified in the family Hippocrateaceae.
It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is extant at Adam's Peak and at Kanneliya.
The species has been listed by the IUCN as threatened.

## Description

The kokun is a large tree with a rough grey bark. It flowers from March to May.

## Uses

The kokun is regarded as a medicinal plant traditionally used in a number of conditions. The seed oil from this plant is effective as a leech repellent.
The inner bark has been used by jewellers as a polish.