OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Helianthus nuttallii

Helianthus nuttallii, or Nuttall's sunflower, is a species of sunflower native to northern, central, and western North America, from Newfoundland west to British Columbia, south to Missouri, New Mexico, and California.
Helianthus nuttallii is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 50–400 cm (20-160 inches) tall. The leaves are opposite on the lower part of the stem, alternate higher up, narrow lanceolate, 8–20 cm (3.2-8.0 inches) long and 6–30 mm wide, with a rough texture. The flowers are yellow, produced in a flowerhead approximately 9 cm (3.6 inches) diameter with 10–20 ray florets and at least 60 disc florets; each stem bears one to a few flowerheads.
Subspecies of Helianthus nuttallii include:
* Helianthus nuttallii subsp. nuttallii - Canada, western United States. H. nuttallii subsp. nuttallii is considered by some to be a synonym for H. nuttallii. However, others argue that it is distinct from the species.
* Helianthus nuttallii subsp. parishii (A.Gray) Heiser - (Los Angeles sunflower). Southern California, endemic. The subspecies is presumed to be extinct since 1937.
* Helianthus nuttallii subsp. rydbergii (Britton) R. Long. - Central Canada, interior northwestern United States
# Helianthus praecox

Helianthus praecox is a North American species of sunflower known by the common name Texas sunflower. It is endemic to Texas. Most of the populations are either along the Gulf Coast or in the Río Grande Valley.
Helianthus praecox grows on sandy soils and coastal prairies. It is an annual herb up to 150 cm (60 inches or 5 feet) tall. One plant usually produces 1-3 flower heads, each containing 11-16 yellow ray florets surrounding 35 or more red or purple disc florets.

## Subspecies

* Helianthus praecox subsp. hirtus (Heiser) Heiser - near Carrizo Springs in Dimmit County
* Helianthus praecox subsp. praecox - sandy soils along the coast in Galveston County + Brazoria County
* Helianthus praecox subsp. runyonii (Heiser) Heiser - Coastal prairies (from Calhoun County to Cameron County) and Río Grande Valley (from Webb County to Cameron County)
# St Colman's High and Sixth Form College

St. Colman's High and Sixth Form College is a co-educational secondary school situated in Ballynahinch, County Down, Northern Ireland.

## History

The college was established in 1965 as St. Colman's Secondary School. As it grew in size and the range of courses offered its name was changed to St. Colman's High and Sixth Form College. Although the college is formally Catholic it welcomes students from many different faiths including Baptist, Church of Ireland, Congregational, Methodist, Presbyterian, Seventh Day Adventist and other Christian Churches.

## Academics

The school provides instruction in a range of academic subjects besides the core subjects English, Maths and Science. At Key Stage 3 these include Geography, Drama, Technology & Design, ICT, History, Home Economics, Music, Irish, Art & Design, Spanish. At Sixth form level, students have a wide range of options including Agriculture & Land Use, Business, Computing, Art & Design, Biology, Chemistry, Drama, Economics, English Literature, French, Irish, Spanish, Maths, Geography, Government & Politics, Psychology, Sociology and Religious Studies. Some of these options are taken in conjunction with Assumption Grammar School.
The students can also take BTECs in Applied Science, Construction, Horticulture and Vehicle Technology.
In 2018, the college was placed in the top ten of non-selective schools in Northern Ireland with 92% of Year 12 students securing at least 5 A* to C grades and 82% of Year 12 securing Grade C or above in 7 subjects.
The college is a member of the Ballynahinch Area Learning Community, a consortium of local schools.

## Principals

* Mr Harry Bent
* Mr Hugh Graham
* Mr Francis Duffy
* Mr Hugh McCann
* Mr Mark Morgan
* Mrs Jennifer King
# Closeburn, New Zealand

Closeburn is a locality in Queenstown-Lakes District in the South Island of New Zealand. It is located a 10-minute drive from Queenstown on the Glenorchy–Queenstown Road.
Closeburn Station is a working farm in the area and is less than 2,000 hectares (4,900 acres) in size. It is owned by 27 shareholders.

## Demographics

Closeburn covers 4.77 km$^2$ (1.84 sq mi). It is part of the much larger Outer Wakatipu statistical area.
Closeburn had a population of 141 at the 2018 New Zealand census, unchanged since the 2013 census, and an increase of 24 people (20.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 63 households. There were 78 males and 63 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.24 males per female. The median age was 47.7 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 12 people (8.5%) aged under 15 years, 12 (8.5%) aged 15 to 29, 108 (76.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 12 (8.5%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 95.7% European/Pākehā, 4.3% Māori, 2.1% Asian, and 4.3% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).
Although some people objected to giving their religion, 66.0% had no religion, 19.1% were Christian, 2.1% were Hindu and 6.4% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 48 (37.2%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 9 (7.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $50,400, compared with $31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 78 (60.5%) people were employed full-time and 24 (18.6%) were part-time.
# Cadwalader's Ice Cream

Cadwaladers is a family run chain of cafes that originated in Gwynedd, Wales. The original ice cream parlour was introduced by husband and wife David and Hannah Cadwalader in 1927 in Criccieth and was originally run as a general store. The business was passed onto one of their children, Dafydd, who changed the emphasis of the store and removed fish from sale. He sold, from the end of World War II, vanilla ice cream that Hannah Cadwalader developed. The vanilla ice cream was made on the premises with a secret recipe, which is no longer used. The tagline of the vanilla ice cream was six lbs of "shan't tell you" and "a great deal of love and care."
After Dafydd Cadwalader died in 1983, Cadwalader's was bought by a family of Welsh entrepreneurs, The Andrews Family who also own Castle Leisure. The owners expanded the business to cover North Wales and Cardiff. Today, Cadwalader's stores can be found in Wales at Betws-y-Coed, Barry Island, Criccieth, Porthmadog, Tenby Porthcawl and three stores in Cardiff. There is also a store in England at Trentham Gardens.
As well as the original Cadwalader's vanilla ice cream and a variety of flavoured ice creams and sundaes, the cafe also sells its own bespoke blends of coffee, loose leaf tea, and other hot drinks.
The Criccieth store holds weekly live Jazz out of high season from September to June.

## Administration

In September 2015, the business went into administration after a number of setbacks including losses following the opening of a new store in Manchester in 2010, the forced closure of the Portmeirion store in 2013 and poor sales in Summer 2015. The administrators Deloitte were appointed but the company was bought out by the management team. Five of the stores had to close, with the loss of 10 jobs, but the restructuring secured 92 jobs.
# Adobe Aero

Adobe Aero is an augmented reality authoring and publishing tool by Adobe Inc. on Creative Cloud. Aero is available for iOS, although there are versions for macOS and Windows which are currently in public beta. Adobe Aero was originally announced as a private beta for iOS users at Adobe MAX 2018, seeing its official launch at Adobe MAX 2019.
Aero is part of Adobe's 3D and AR series, which also includes Dimension, Mixamo, and Substance by Adobe.
# Cedar Ridge High School

Cedar Ridge High School may refer to:
* Cedar Ridge High School (Arkansas)
* Cedar Ridge High School (New Jersey)
* Cedar Ridge High School (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
* Cedar Ridge High School (Round Rock, Texas)
# Polystichum tsus-simense

Polystichum tsus-simense, commonly known as the Korean rock fern, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to East Asia. Its common name corresponds with its ability to grow in shady areas of rock walls. This fern species is a familiar ornamental plant grown in home gardens.

## Distribution

The geographic origin of P. tsus-simense is the East Asian countries, such as China, Korea, Japan, Thailand, and the Indochina region. The specific epithet tsus-simense (often written as tsussimense) refers to Tsushima Island. Although it is not native to the United States, the Korean rock fern has been introduced to the country through Florida and Louisiana.

## Habitat and Ecology

Polystichum tsus-simense flourishes in shady areas with partial to no sun exposure in fertile and well-drained soil with high moisture. It can grow in acid, alkaline, and neutral soil, in part shade or full sun. It inhabits slopes and rocky places of forests and shores of streams. It can also grow in indoor pots and in shady areas of a garden. It has a clump-forming habit with many basal shoots forming open groups or clusters.

## Morphology

Individuals of P. tsus-simense are herbaceous with no persistent woody stem above ground. A mature plant can range from 20 to 50 cm tall and approximately 40 cm wide with evergreen foliage. As vascular land plants, they contain four or more bundles in an arc. They have dark green bipinnate fronds, which include crenate blades with pinnate venation within the pinnately arranged fronds. Black veins run through the glossy lanceolate blades. The grooved stipe of the plant is blackish brown with rhizome-like scales at the base. The rhizome is short and erect with broadly lanceolate scales. It is brown in color with blackish central portions.

## Reproduction

Polystichum tsus-simense uses spores to propagate. As an early vascular plant, a fern is not able to reproduce through seeds. Wind plays a major role in the dispersal mechanism of the spores. The Korean rock ferns sow their spores in the summer, and divide in the spring. The sporangia, dark brown vessels, contain spores, and are grouped into round clusters called sori. The sori are aligned in a row between the margin and the midrib, and are covered with a peltate indusium.

## Usage

Polystichum tsus-simense is mainly used as an ornamental plant, for both indoors and outdoors. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
With little sunlight required, it is a suitable candidate for a potted plant indoors, on a deck, or the porch. The contrast of the dark stems with the green fronds makes this an attractive adornment in homes. The plant's ability to stay green throughout the year contributes to its value to a gardener. It is also commonly offered as a house gift in certain Asian cultures.
# Academic Bill of Rights

The Academic Bill of Rights (ABOR) is a document created and distributed by a branch of the David Horowitz Freedom Center, a think tank founded by the conservative writer David Horowitz. A wide range of critics, representing a diverse range of academic viewpoints, have criticized it for infringing on academic freedom and described it as promoting an ideological agenda.

## Criticism

A number of organizations representing a variety of political viewpoints have criticized the ABOR's aims and content.
One of the first organizations to come out in opposition to the bill was the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). While agreeing with the underlying principles of freedom, equality, and pluralism in the university community, the association said that the bill "infringes academic freedom in the very act of purporting to protect it."
Some individual academics regard the ABOR, along with the Santorum Amendment, as a threat to academic freedom. Others have suggested that the ABOR may allow students to claim discrimination when tested on evolution.
Moderate, libertarian, and conservative critics of the ABOR have asserted that it would open the door to a right wing version of the campus speech code. An article by David T. Beito, Ralph E. Luker and KC Johnson in the Perspectives magazine of the American Historical Association warned that the ABOR "could snuff out all controversial discussion in the classroom. A campus governed by the ABOR would present professors with an impossible dilemma: either play it safe or risk administrative censure by saying something that might offend an overly sensitive student."
The American Library Association also opposed the ABOR, with members approving a resolution stating that the Bill "would impose extra-academic standards on academic institutions, directly interfering in course content, the classroom, the research process, and hiring and tenure decisions."
A number of other groups have also opposed the ABOR, including the American Federation of Teachers, the National Coalition Against Censorship (NCAC), and others. Some left-leaning groups, including Refuse and Resist, and the AFL–CIO, expressed concern and criticism of the Bill, particularly warning against the regulatory oversight that the bill would place upon academic institutions, if passed.
# Veruno

Veruno is a frazione of the comune (municipality) of Gattico-Veruno in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Novara. It was a separate comune until 2018.
* This article on a location in the Province of Novara is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Allecula morio

Allecula morio is a species of beetle belonging to the family Tenebrionidae.
It is native to Europe.
# Poly(ethyl acrylate)

Poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) is a family of organic polymers with the formula (CH$_2$CHCO$_2$CH$_2$CH$_3$)$_n$. It is a synthetic acrylate polymer derived from ethyl acrylate monomer. The polymers are colorless. This homopolymer is far less important than copolymers derived from ethyl acrylate and other monomers. It has a low glass-transition temperature about -8 °C (20 °C).

## Copolymers

Far more important than PEA are copolymers produced from ethyl acrylate and one or more of the following comonomers methyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, and butadiene.
# Poly(ethyl methacrylate)

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) is a hydrophobic synthetic acrylate polymer. It has properties similar to the more common PMMA, however it produces less heat during polymerization, has a lower modulus of elasticity and has an overall softer texture. It may be vulcanized using lead oxide as a catalyst and it can be softened using ethanol.
It is used as an impression material of ear canals for the fabrication of hearing aids. It is also used in dentistry as a chair-side denture reline material for partial and complete dentures as well as a tissue conditioner with implant-supported dentures. It is used as a component of fossil coating and preservation and for fabricating artificial nails
# Baroo

Baroo or Baru is a town and union council of Gujrat District, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 32°45'20N 74°19'40E with an altitude of 267 metres (879 feet).
# Bullwhip (disambiguation)

A bullwhip is a single-tailed whip, usually made of leather and originally used with livestock.
Bullwhip may also refer to:
* Bullwhip effect, an observed phenomenon in forecast-driven distribution channels
* Bullwhip (film), a 1958 film starring Rhonda Fleming
* "Bullwhip", a song by Geronimo Black from their self-titled album
# Bullwaddy Conservation Reserve

The Bullwaddy Conservation Reserve is a protected area approximately 120 km (75 mi) north east of Elliott in the Northern Territory of Australia.
The Reserve occupies an area of 115.3 square kilometres (45 sq mi) and was established in the year 2000.
Amungee Mungee cattle station surrounds the Reserve to the north, south and west. Tanumbirini Station abuts the Reserve to the east. The Reserve is found on the Sturt Plateau and the Carpentaria Highway bounds the property to the north.
The Sturt Plateau has infertile, shallow soils on a lateritic land surface. The area supports large stands of bullwaddy interspersed with dominant areas of lancewood.
The traditional owners of the area are the Alawa and Jingili peoples. The first Europeans to arrive in the area were pastoralists who brought cattle to the surrounding plains.
Near threatened animals that are found in the area include bush stone-curlew, spectacled hare-wallaby and northern nailtail wallaby. Other species of interest include the black-tailed goanna and giant frog.
# All Saints' Church, Matlock Bank

All Saints’ Church, Matlock Bank is a Grade II listed parish church in the Church of England in Matlock, Derbyshire.

## History

A mission room and school was designed by Mr. Skedward of Sheffield and opened on 17 August 1875 by Captain Augustus Arkwright, M.P.
The mission room was quickly found to be inadequate, so funds were raised for the construction of a new church. The foundation stone was laid on 31 August 1882 by Mr. F.C. Arkwright J.P. of Willersley Castle, in the presence of the Bishop of Lichfield. and the church was built to the designs of the architect, Thomas Henry Healey of Bradford.
The church was opened by the Bishop of Lichfield on Easter Tuesday, 15 April 1884 and formally consecrated by the Bishop of Southwell, Rt. Revd. George Ridding on 17 September 1884
The original plan was to construct a much larger church, but only the chancel and part of the nave were completed. A west front was added in 1958.
An old priest hole, running from the church to the nearby Infant’s School, then on to the site of the Junior School is still in use today, although much of the original run between the church and the Infant School is impassable. The tunnel is carved from the sandstone bedrock and was illuminated by gas-light. The tunnel is approximately 4ft high by approximately 2ft wide and only passable by smaller people.

## Stained glass

The church is noted for its stained glass windows, with an east window designed by Edward Burne-Jones of 1905 and a sequence of north aisle windows by Heaton, Butler and Bayne of 1907.

## Parish status

The church is in a joint parish with
* Holy Trinity Church, Tansley

## Organ

The pipe organ was built by Forster and Andrews and opened on 15 December 1886 by Thomas Barker Mellor of All Saints' Church, Bakewell. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

### Organists

* John Goddard Barker 1889-92 (formerly organist of Holy Trinity Church, Matlock Bath, afterwards organist of All Saints' Church, Ashover)
# All Saints' Church, Middleton Cheney

The Church of All Saints is the Church of England parish church of Middleton Cheney, Northamptonshire, England. It has been listed Grade I.

## Architecture

The building is early 14th-century Decorated Gothic. The nave has a clerestory, north and south aisles and four-bay arcades.
The west tower and spire are later Medieval Perpendicular Gothic additions. The top of the spire is about 150 feet (46 m) above ground. In the 18th century the spire survived three lightning strikes: in 1720, 1794 and 1797.

## Restoration

All Saints was restored under the direction of George Gilbert Scott in 1865. During the restoration notable stained-glass windows were added that were designed by the Pre-Raphaelite artists William Morris, Philip Webb, Edward Burne-Jones, Ford Madox Brown and Simeon Solomon and made by Morris & Co. There are also mosaics made by James Powell and Sons, one of which was designed by Henry Holiday.

## People associated with All Saints

William Edington was Rector 1322–35. He was consecrated Bishop of Winchester in 1345.
All Saints' churchyard has a number of historic grave monuments:
* Four 17th-century English Baroque headstones and two 18th-century chest tombs are Grade II listed.
* The Horton family mausoleum is a Gothic Revival monument designed by William Wilkinson and made by Thomas Earp in 1866–67. It is not listed.
# Barium iodate

Barium iodate is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula Ba(IO$_3$)$_2$. It is a white, granular substance.

## Derivation

Barium iodate can be derived either as a product of a reaction of iodine and barium hydroxide or by combining barium chlorate with potassium iodate.

## Chemical properties

The compound is stable on a temperature up to approximately 580 °C (1,076 °F). If the temperature is higher than that value, the following reaction, known as Rammelsberg's reaction, occurs:
    5 Ba(IO$_3$)$_2$ → Ba$_5$(IO$_6$)$_2$ + 9 O$_2$ + 4 I$_2$
# Barış Yarkadaş

Barış Yarkadaş, (born 2 August 1974) is a Turkish journalist, politician and a writer. He's a member and lawmaker of the Republican People's Party and an ex member of parliament representing a division in the first electoral district of Istanbul.

## Personal life

Baris Yarkadas, son of Zülfiye and Rasim Yarkadaş, was born on 2 August 1974 in Susuz, Kars. Yarkadaş moved to Istanbul in 1988 and graduated from Anadolu University. He entered into journalism during his university years and then worked in many television programs as a journalist. He is also a member of the Turkish Journalists' Association.

## Politics

Yarkadas won two consecutive elections in June 2015 and November 2015 (snap election) as a member of parliament of a division in the first electoral district of Istanbul.

## Publications

* Hepsi Yaralar Sonuncusu Öldürür (2004) ISBN 9-7562-0703-5
* Aksaray'ın Sırları (2015) ISBN 978-6-0565-4806-2
# Bulbophyllum elaphoglossum

Bulbophyllum elaphoglossum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.