OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bartolomeo Panciatichi

Bartolomeo Panciatichi (1507–1582) was an Italian humanist and politician.

## Biography

He was born in France, the illegitimate son of the merchant Bartolomeo, who owned the main Florentine trade company working in France, at Lyon. His father had financed the conquests of Louis XII of France, and the young Bartolomeo was sent as page to the French court of King Francis I. Later he studied in Lyon and Padua, leaving the family's commercial activities to his relatives.
He was a friend of Jean de Vauzelles, abbot of Montrottier, who translated into French the religious works of Pietro Aretino; Panciatichi himself sent the first translated copies to the Italian author in Venice in 1539. In 1539 he moved to Florence, where, on 20 January 1541, he became a member of the Accademia degli Umidi. In 1545 duke Cosimo I de' Medici appointed him as consul to France. Here Panciatichi became attracted to the Protestant movement, and later brought to Florence several books which had been forbidden by the Catholic church.
He was one of the 35 people arrested as heretics in Florence in December 1551-January 1552; Panciatichi was later freed in exchange of a ransom. After promising he would no more deal with religious matters, he subsequently restarted his political career under the Medici aegis: in 1567 he became senator, in 1568 he was commissar in Pisa and, in 1578, in Pistoia.
# Bartolomeo Orsucci

Bartolomeo Orsucci (died 1558) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Lavello (1554–1558).

## Biography

On 13 April 1554, Bartolomeo Orsucci was appointed by Pope Julius III as Bishop of Lavello. He served as Bishop of Lavello until his death in 1558.
# Basilica of Christ the King, Paola

The Basilica of Christ the King is a Roman Catholic parish church located in Paola, Malta.

## History

The parish of Paola or as it more commonly known as Raħal Ġdid, was created in 1910 by Archbishop Pietro Pace. The 17th century St. Ubaldesca Church was chosen as the parish church. Plans were made for a larger church to be built. In 1924 the cornerstone was laid by the stonemason Vincenzo Costa who lived in Rangu Street at the nearby village of Hal Luqa, and thus construction commenced. Sometime in the late 1920s or early 1930s, stonework was being done by Manuel and his brother Carmnu Cassar. Photographs exist showing Manuel and Carmnu Cassar erecting the arches. The formwork and the hoist to erect the arches are still in the basement of the church. Manuel Cassar was the son of Joseph Cassar also a stonemason and builder who built many houses in Paola. Joseph Cassar was from the neighbouring town of Tarxien. Manuel Cassar was married to Carmena who was from the town of Mellieha. They lived in Triq il-Qalb ta Ġesù; an adjacent street to the church. Manuel and Carmena Cassar had seven children, Maria Cassar being the eldest heard many a story from her father about what was going on during that time and until the war started. The church started to be used as the parish church 1936. The church was consecrated and dedicated to Christ the King on June 3, 1967, by Archbishop Mikiel Gonzi.
On 5 April 2020 a decree was signed in the Vatican, by virtue of which this Church was raised to the dignity of a Minor Basilica.
* View from a surrounding street
* Entrance
* Bell tower
* Basilica of Christ the King, Paola
* This affresco painted by Manuel Farrugia depicts God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, a stream of water with some sheep drinking from it representing the pilgrim Church drinking from the water of life emanating from the Trinity, St. John the Baptist, St. Joseph, St. Mary, some angels, St. Paul who brought the faith to the Maltese Islands, and an allegorical figure representing the Eucharistic Congress of 1913 when the Paola residents of that time decided to dedicate the Parish to Christ the King instead of St. Ubaldisca as it had been dedicated up to that time.
# Cobalt(II) sulfate

Cobalt(II) sulfate is any of the inorganic compounds with the formula CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_x$. Usually cobalt sulfate refers to the hexa- or heptahydrates CoSO$_4$$^.$6H$_2$O or CoSO$_4$$^.$7H$_2$O, respectively. The heptahydrate is a red solid that is soluble in water and methanol. Since cobalt(II) has an odd number of electrons, its salts are paramagnetic.

## Preparation, and structure

It forms by the reaction of metallic cobalt, its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with aqueous sulfuric acid:
    Co + H$_2$SO$_4$ + 7 H$_2$O → CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_7$ + H$_2$
    CoO + H$_2$SO$_4$ + 6 H$_2$O → CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_7$
The heptahydrate is only stable at humidity >70% at room temperature, otherwise it converts to the hexahydrate. The hexahydrate converts to the monohydrate and the anhydrous forms at 100 and 250 °C, respectively.
    CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_7$ → CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_6$ + H$_2$O
    CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O)$_6$ → CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O) + 5 H$_2$O
    CoSO$_4$(H$_2$O) → CoSO$_4$ + H$_2$O
The hexahydrate is a metal aquo complex consisting of octahedral [Co(H$_2$O)$_6$]$^{2+}$ ions associated with sulfate anions (see image in table). The monoclinic heptahydrate has also been characterized by X-ray crystallography. It also features [Co(H$_2$O)$_6$]$^{2+}$ octahedra as well as one water of crystallization.

## Uses and reactions

Cobalt sulfates are important intermediates in the extraction of cobalt from its ores. Thus, crushed, partially refined ores are treated with sulfuric acid to give red-colored solutions containing cobalt sulfate.
Hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate is used in the preparation of pigments, as well as in the manufacture of other cobalt salts. Cobalt pigment is used in porcelains and glass. Cobalt(II) sulfate is used in storage batteries and electroplating baths, sympathetic inks, and as an additive to soils and animal feeds. For these purposes, the cobalt sulfate is produced by treating cobalt oxide with sulfuric acid.
Being commonly available commercially, the heptahydrate is a routine source of cobalt in coordination chemistry.

## Natural occurrence

Rarely, cobalt(II) sulfate is found in form of few crystallohydrate minerals, occurring among oxidation zones containing primary Co minerals (like skutterudite or cobaltite). These minerals are: biebierite (heptahydrate), moorhouseite (Co,Ni,Mn)SO$_4$$^.$6H$_2$O, aplowite (Co,Mn,Ni)SO$_4$$^.$4H$_2$O and cobaltkieserite (monohydrate).

## Health issues

Cobalt is an essential mineral for mammals, but more than a few micrograms per day is harmful. Although poisonings have rarely resulted from cobalt compounds, their chronic ingestion has caused serious health problems at doses far less than the lethal dose. In 1965, the addition of a cobalt compound to stabilize beer foam in Canada led to a peculiar form of toxin-induced cardiomyopathy, which came to be known as beer drinker's cardiomyopathy.
Furthermore, cobalt(II) sulfate is suspected of causing cancer (i.e., possibly carcinogenic, IARC Group 2B) as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs.

## Related compounds

* the Tutton salt K$_2$Co(SO$_4$)$_2$ · 6 H$_2$O
# Drygalski Glacier

Drygalski Glacier may refer to:
* Drygalski Glacier (Antarctica)
* Drygalski Glacier (Tanzania) on Mount Kilimanjaro
# Drumuillie

Drumuillie (Scottish Gaelic: Druim Mùillidh) is a small hamlet (or Clachan), which lies 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Boat of Garten and 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Aviemore in Inverness-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The village is located at the centre of Abernethy Forest (to the north of Drumuillie is Deishar Wood) and just to the west of the River Spey.

## History

The remains of a medieval Motte-and-bailey castle known as Tom Pitlac (or the hill of Bigla or Matilda) is located to the west of Drumuillie adjacent to the Boat of Garten. The motte is a scheduled ancient monument and is believed to date to the 12th or 13th century, with an historic link in the 15th century to Bigla, a daughter of Gilbert Cumin, Lord of Glenchearnach. Associated with the castle, to the south of Drumuillie was the Spey 'miracle Stone', a stone erected in 1865 that commemorated a local legend in which the Spey river waters were divided to allow a funeral to proceed to nearby Duthil.
A small stream, Lynchurn Burn passes through the hamlet and near Lynchurn/Granish farm. The area has evidence of historic activity, including former lime kilns, a longhouse, and evidence of Pictish activity.

## Economy

The primary industries in the area are agriculture (a series of farm enclosures lie on the eastern edge adjacent to the railway and River Spey), tourism and forestry. A 56,000m3 capacity timber sawmill, Drumuillie Mill, is located to the west of the hamlet. An older sawmill existed near the current mill but stopped working in 1930 and was converted to a private house.

## Transport

Drumuillie lies on the A95 road and was located along the earlier route of the military road to Grantown-on-Spey built under the direction of General George Wade. The Strathspey railway, a working heritage line, passes through Drumuillie, lying between Broomhill railway station and the Boat of Garten railway station. The nearest mainline station is Aviemore railway station.

## Education

Drumuillie has no school; the nearest primary school is Deshar Primary School in Boat of Garten.
# Basser

Basser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Herbert Basser (born 1942), Canadian scholar of religion and Jewish theologian
* Michaël Chrétien Basser (born 1984), French-Moroccan footballer
* Russell Basser (born 1960), Australian Olympic water polo player
* Taha Abdul-Basser, Muslim Chaplain of Harvard University
# Dua Allahumma kun li-waliyyik

Dua al-Faraj (Arabic: دعاء الفرج)" is a supplication which is recited for the health of Hujjat al-Mahdi who is regarded as the last Imam --of Twelver Islam-- and likewise the savior of the world from the oppression (from Shia Islamic viewpoint).
Moreover, the Du'a "Allahumma kun li-waliyyik" is also famous as Dua Faraj between Shia Muslims (as well as the main Du'a al-Faraj which is started with the following sentences:) "O Allah, terrible was the calamity, and its evil consequences are visible, the covering has been removed, (all) hopes have been cut off, the (plentiful) earth has shrunk (with very little to spare), ..."
The (English translated) text of the supplication of "Du'a Allahumma kun li-waliyyik al-Hujjatibnil Hasan" is as follows:
"O Allah, be, for Your representative, the Hujjat (proof), son of AlHassan, Your blessings be on him and his forefathers, In this hour and in every hour, A guardian, a protector, A leader, a helper, A proof, and an eye. Until You make him live on the earth, in obedience (to You), And cause him to live in it for a long time."

## Authenticity

This supplication has been narrated by Kulayni in his book al-Kafi, from Muhammad ibn Isa, and he also mentions this from the Salihan (that means Imams of Shia Islam, without applying specific name(s)). Seemingly there have been other narrators between Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni and Muhammad bin Isa ibn ‘Ubaid that have been omitted from the transmission chain because of being a context; i.e. Ahmad ibn Muhammad 'Asemi, Ali ibn Hasan ibn Ali ibn Fazzāl. Moreover, the Du'a "Allahumma kun li-waliyyik" also has been mentioned by others, such as: Sayyid ibn Tavus, Kaf'ami, etc.
# Bathytoma oldhami

Bathytoma oldhami is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Borsoniidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs along Southern India.
# Duffrébo

Duffrébo is a town in eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Agnibilékrou Department in Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District.
Duffrébo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished. In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Duffrébo was 42,426.

## Villages

The seventeen villages of the sub-prefecture of Duffrébo and their population in 2014 are:
* Duffrebo (6 450)
* Adahama (1 054)
* Agninikro (1 240)
* Akpokro (1 768)
* Amoriakro (7 100)
* Andrekro (337)
* Anziankro (3 055)
* Apouessou (1 233)
* Attobro (1 206)
* Bangoua (5 600)
* Ceceluibo (1 212)
* Comoe N'danou (3 523)
* Kokonou (2 071)
* Kouaokro Pk (1 614)
* N'djorekro Abbey (859)
* N'drikro (1 622)
* N'grah (2 483)
# Duidaea

Duidaea is a genus of Venezuelan flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
The Duidaea is derived from the Cerro Duida (or Mount Duida) in Venezuela.

## Species

* Duidaea marahuacensis Steyerm. - Venezuela
* Duidaea pinifolia S.F.Blake - Venezuela
* Duidaea rubriceps S.F.Blake - Venezuela
* Duidaea tatei S.F.Blake - Venezuela
# Harriet Ritvo

Harriet Ritvo is an American historian who specializes in British history, particularly environmental history and the history of natural history. Ritvo is the Arthur J. Connor Professor of History at MIT and a member of the Program in Science, Technology and Society, and she was the head of MIT's History Faculty from 1999-2006.

## Biography
### Early life

Harriet Ritvo was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts and received her A.B. and Ph.D. from Harvard University. She also studied at Girton College at Cambridge University.

### Career

Harriet Ritvo joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a lecturer in the Humanities Department in 1979 and was promoted to assistant professor in 1980. In 1985, she was promoted to associate professor and then full professor in 1987. She has been teaching as the Arthur J. Connor Professor of History at MIT since 1995. From 1999-2006, Ritvo served as the head of the History Faculty at MIT as well as the director of Graduate Studies for the History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS) program from 2011-2013 and 2017-2018.
She was on the Humanities jury for the Infosys Prize from 2016 to 2018.
Ritvo has been a Visiting Fellow at Clare Hall at Cambridge University, as well as at Balliol College at Oxford University. Since 2016, Ritvo has served as a trustee of the National Humanities Center in Research Triangle Park, NC.

## Publications

Ritvo has published books on the history of British scientific classification of animals and of the roles of animals in Victorian culture.
Ritvo is the author of the following books:
* The Animal Estate: The English and Other Creatures in the Victorian Age (Harvard UP, 1987)
* The Platypus and the Mermaid, and Other Figments of the Classifying Imagination (Harvard UP, 1997)
* The Dawn of Green: Manchester, Thirlmere, and Modern Environmentalism (Chicago UP, 2009)
* Noble Cows and Hybrid Zebras: Essays on Animals and History (Virginia, 2010)
Ritvo was the editor of:
* Charles Darwin's The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998)
Ritvo was a co-editor of:
* Macropolitics of Nineteenth-Century Literature: Nationalism, Imperialism, Exoticism (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991)

### Periodicals

Ritvo has written articles and reviews on British cultural history and environmental history in such periodicals as The London Review of Books, Science, Daedalus, The American Scholar, Technology Review, and The New York Review of Books, as well as scholarly journals in several fields.

## Recognition

Ritvo received a Whiting Award for nonfiction writing in 1990 following her first book, The Animal Estate: The English and Other Creatures in the Victorian Age (1987). In 2008, she was a recipient of the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Graduate Society Award, which is awarded to Harvard and Radcliffe graduate alumnae who have made significant contributions in their field.
# Spunk!

Spunk! is the fifth and final album by Swamp Zombies. It was released on the Doctor Dream Records label in 1993.

## Track listing

* "Purple"
* "Daddy Long Legs"
* "Mudbog"
* "She's a Drag"
* "She's So Far Out She's In" (originally performed by Dino, Desi, & Billy)
* "Ashtray"
* "I Love You, Etc."
* "The Man With the Golden Gun" (from the James Bond film of the same name)
* "Oatmeal"
* "Come on Man, Let's Go"
* "The Way I Walk"
* "Missing Link"
* "I Built a Wall"
* "Ripoff Boy"
* "Track 15"
* This 1990s folk album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Steeple Jason Island

Steeple Jason Island is a small island west of Grand Jason Island. It is a part of the Jason Islands in the Falkland Islands. Along with Grand Jason, it is one of the "Islas los Salvajes" in Spanish (the Jasons being divided into two groups in that language).

## Population and geography

None of the Jason Islands has ever been properly inhabited. Steeple Jason was used for sheep grazing up until the 1980s. There are the remains of a shearing shed on the island. There is also Steinhart Station, a field research station on the island, built in 2003 for monitoring wildlife.
The island is surrounded by low-lying land around the shore which quickly rises to a steep peak, hence the island's name.
The island was formerly owned by New York philanthropist Michael Steinhardt, who later donated it to the Bronx Zoo-based Wildlife Conservation Society.

## Wildlife

Steeple Jason is home to the largest colony of black-browed albatrosses in the world. Over 70% of the global population of black-browed albatross breed in the Falkland Islands.
Other birdlife includes southern rockhopper penguins, Magellanic penguins, gentoo penguins, slender-billed prions, striated caracaras and tussac-birds. The Magellanic penguin is near the southern part of its range here, but the more cold-tolerant gentoo also occurs substantially south into Antarctica. The sole mammalian life is marine, e.g. sea lions and fur seals.
Large beds of kelp surround the island, and the land is covered in grasses common to the other Falkland Islands, such as tussac grass.
Birds and other wildlife on Steeple Jason Island are in many cases under threat, chiefly due to overfishing in the South Atlantic Ocean over the last century.
# Preetu Nair

Preetu Nair (born 1976) is an Indian journalist based in Goa, India. She is active in the cyberspace and involved with e-ventures involving Goa, developmental concerns and issues dealing with women and children. She writes mostly on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, women, and child issues in India.

## Education

Nair's schooling was in Gujarati medium in a small town of Anand in Gujarat. She received a B.A. degree from Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat (Gold Medalist), and M.A. (English Literature) degree, Gold Medalist from Sardar Patel University.

## Career

Nair has been a full-time journalist since 2000. From May 2000 to May 2001, she was a trainee reporter for The Times of India. From 2001 onward, she became a freelancer, and has written for The Navhind Times on news related to Goa. She resigned as a senior reporter for Gomantak Times, Goa (Sakaal Group of Publications) and joined the Times of India as principal correspondent.
Nair and Peter De Souza, her colleague in Gomantak Times, Goa were awarded the UNDP-TAHA-HDRN Media Award-2006 for exposing the modus operandi of the human traffickers explicitly and vividly underlining the nexus between these offenders, the police, and politicians.
These stories were all written while Sujay Gupta was the Editor of Gomantak Times. Naik left Gomantak Times to join Times of India after Derrick Almeida took over as the Executive Editor of Gomantak Times. She was selected as the Panos/Stop TB Media Fellow for the year 2007 to work on Tuberculosis related issues in Goa.
She also received the European Union - Thomson Foundation Media bursary for working on a story "Trafficked victims and HIV". Nair and De Souza were also the first journalists in Goa working in a local newspaper who exposed the powerful Russians and the Israelis purchasing land.
She has written articles on Goa, Goan books, media, environment, development.
# Danuria buchholzi

Danuria buchholzi is a species of praying mantis in the family Deroplatyidae.
# Hic Mulier

Hic Mulier: or, The Man-Woman is a pamphlet published in 1620 in England that condemned cross-dressing. The pamphlet expresses concern about women wearing men's apparel. It makes a socially conservative argument that transvestitism was an affront to nature, The Bible, the great chain of being, and society. The Latin title uses the word hic, the masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun jokingly applied to a feminine noun, to mean "this [manlike] woman".

## Context

During the last few years of King James's reign, women were accused of dressing and behaving like men. This occurrence was relatively small-scale and brief. The term Hic Mulier, used as a sexual insult, was introduced by a preacher named Thomas Adams in a pamphlet he published in 1615. King James commented on the fashion of women dressing in men's clothing. In 1620, he commanded his clergy to teach, "against the insolencie of our women, and their wearing of broad brimmed hats, pointed dublets, their hair cut short or shorn, and some of them stilettoes or poinards, and such other trinckets of like moment." Hic Mulier and the responding pamphlet Haec Vir were outcomes of his command.
Hic Mulier was followed quickly by the printing of the counterpoint Haec Vir, indicating the pair of pamphlets was likely intended by the bookseller to capitalize on controversy over the social role of women.

## The work

The pamphlet argues that any person or creature which is half one thing and half another is unnatural and wrong; thus a woman who dresses as a man is as revolting as a mermaid. The author worries that dressing like a man leads a woman speaking out like men and essentially becoming male in outward form.
The narration of Hic Mulier is from a single viewpoint and its style is based on oral delivery. This style differs from its companion pamphlet Haec Vir, which is written as a dialogue between the two characters Hic Mulier and Haec Vir. There is evidence suggesting that masculine women were both a social and literary phenomenon. The topic of masculine women was briefly popular, but lost appeal after King James died in 1625.
Hic Mulier quotes twelve lines from Thomas Overbury's notorious poem A Wife. The currency of this reference is reflected in Overbury's being identified solely by his initials.
# Valea Seacă (Topolița)

The Valea Seacă is a left tributary of the river Topolița in Romania. It flows into the Topolița in the village Topolița. Its length is 12 km (7.5 mi) and its basin size is 11 km$^2$ (4.2 sq mi).
# Anna Blomberg

Anna Kristina Cecilia Blomberg (born 20 May 1972 in Gothenburg) is a Swedish actress and comedian. She has appeared in many TV series, among them Häxan Surtant, Kvarteret Skatan (her breakthrough role), and Superhjältejul. In addition, she performs on the stage and radio. In 2009 she participated in SVT's julkalender (Christmas Calendar).
# South Texas Swimming

South Texas Swimming (ST) is the governing body for competitive swimming in South Texas. It is an LSC member of USA Swimming and the Southern Zone. Most of the athletes who compete in South Texas swim meets are youths under the age of 18. However, there are also opportunities for older members of the swimming community to compete.

## Location

South Texas is one of the 59 sub-divided areas by the National Governing Board, which is USA Swimming. The area that South Texas covers is Austin, Corpus Christi, Texas, McAllen, Texas, San Antonio, and Temple, Texas in South Texas

## Athlete Members

Nearly 5,000 individuals are registered South Texas athlete members. These athletes compete across 46 different swim clubs The level of competition across the clubs varies greatly, from recreational swimming to Olympians. Some of the notable athletes who have come from South Texas include Joshua Davis and Scott Spann.

## Competitions and Events

South Texas sanctions at least 50 swimming competitions per year. Most of these are competed in Short Course Yards and Long Course Meters.

### Southern Zone Championship
## Governance

The South Texas LSC is run by its board of directors.