OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bhuwan Kumar Pathak

Bhuwan Kumar Pathak (Nepali: भुवन कुमार पाठक) is a Nepalese politician and currently serving as the Speaker of the Bagmati Provincial Assembly since 13 January 2023. He is a member of the Bagmati Provincial Assembly from Rastriya Prajatantra Party. In the 2022 Nepalese provincial election he was elected as a proportional representative from the Khas people category.
# Picoplatin

Picoplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent in clinical development by Poniard Pharmaceuticals (previously NeoRx) for the treatment of patients with solid tumors.
In Phase I and Phase II clinical trials, picoplatin demonstrated activity in a variety of solid tumors, including lung, ovarian, colorectal and hormone-refractory prostate cancer. However, in Phase III trials, picoplatin failed to hit its primary endpoint for advanced small cell lung cancer. Hopes are now pinned on its use for metastatic colorectal cancer.
# Tunes for a Small Harmonica

Tunes for a Small Harmonica is a novel by Barbara Wersba about an adolescent tomboy named J.F. McAllister. It was originally published by Dell Publishing but was then reprinted by Harper and Row publishing. It was a finalist for the 1977 National Book Award for Young People's Literature. The novel has been translated into Catalan, Dutch, German, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish.

## Plot

J.F. receives a harmonica from friend for her birthday and ends up learning to play it. She becomes quite good and this skill becomes useful after she ends up falling in love with her poetry teacher. She then attempts to raise $1000 to help her teacher return to England to finish his Master's thesis.
# Halichoeres sazimai

Halichoeres sazimai, Sazima's wrasse, is a species of fish in the family Labridae found in deeper (20m+) and cooler waters off southeastern Brazil. It's closely related to the north Atlantic species Halichoeres bathyphillus, but DNA evidence shows they are different. They are often found in small groups of 5-10 individuals around rocky reefs.
# Halichoeres scapularis

Halichoeres scapularis, commonly called the Zigzag wrasse , is a fish species in the wrasse family native from the Indo-West Pacific.

## Description

The zigzag wrasse is a small fish that can reach a maximum length of 20 cm.
It has a thin, elongate body with a terminal mouth. Its coloration pattern varies depending on the maturity stages.
As a juvenile and a female, the zigzag wrasse has a pearly white background coloration with a black or yellow or also black and yellow stripe zigzagging along the lateral line.
As a mature male, the body coloration is very elaborated. The inferior side of the lateral line is pearly with pinkish reflection. The black or yellow line tend to disappear with age or it can be reduced to a short dash. The superior part is greenish with pink accents until the base of the dorsal fin. The base of the dorsal fin is highlighted by a bright yellow line. Then superimposed over this later yellow line a blue line, a yellow one, green one and finally a fin pinkish one. The iris of the eye is orange.

## Distribution & habitat

The zigzag wrasse is widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific, from the eastern coast of Africa, Red Sea included, to the Philippines and from New Caledonia to south Japan.
The zigzag wrasse appreciates mixed areas of top reef (sand/rubble/corals) in shallow water down to 20 meters depth.

## Biology

The zigzag wrasse can live in small group but is usually solitary and even aggressive towards members of its own species.
Like most wrasse, the chain-lined wrasse is a protogynous hermaphrodite, i.e. individuals start life as females with the capability of turning male later on.

## Conservation status

The species is targeted but not thought to be threatened by the aquarium trade. It is listed as Least Concern (LC) on the UICN.
# Solidago rugosa

Solidago rugosa, commonly called the wrinkleleaf goldenrod or rough-stemmed goldenrod, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widespread across eastern and central Canada (from Newfoundland to Ontario) and the eastern and central United States (Maine west as far as Wisconsin and Iowa, south to Florida and Texas). It is usually found in wet to mesic habitats.

## Description

Solidago rugosa is a rough-leaved herbaceous perennial up to 2 m (6.6 ft) tall. Its leaves are primarily cauline. One plant can produce as many as 50 stems, each with 50–1500 yellow flower heads. It flowers in late summer through fall. It can be distinguished from the similar-looking Solidago ulmifolia by the presence of creeping rhizomes, and by its more abrupt leaf bases.
* 1913 illustration
* Growing in a ruderal habitat
* A stalk of flowers.

## Galls

This species is host to the following insect induced galls:
* Asphondylia rosulata Dorchin, 2015 (bud and leaf snap)
* Asteromyia carbonifera (Osten Sacken, 1862)
* Asteromyia tumifica (Beutenmuller, 1907)
* Dasineura folliculi (Felt, 1908)
* Eurosta comma (Wiedemann, 1830)
* Eurosta solidaginis (Fitch, 1855)
* Eutreta novaeboracensis (Fitch, 1855)
* Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis (Fitch, 1855)
* Procecidochares atra (Loew, 1862) (spring summer and autumn generations)
* Rhopalomyia clarkei Felt, 1907
* Rhopalomyia solidaginis (Loew, 1862) (spring summer and autumn generations)
* Calycomyza solidaginis Kaltenbach, 1869
external link to gallformers

## Taxonomy

Solidago rugosa is a variable plant throughout its range. Five varieties are currently recognized, although their relationships are complex and poorly understood. The varieties are:
* Solidago rugosa var. aspera (Aiton) Fernald - common throughout the east
* Solidago rugosa var. celtidifolia (Small) Fernald - coastal plain from Texas to Virginia
* Solidago rugosa var. cronquistiana Semple - high elevations in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina
* Solidago rugosa var. rugosa - common, generally more northern and Appalachian
* Solidago rugosa var. sphagnophila C. Graves - cedar swamps from Nova Scotia to coastal Virginia

## Conservation

Solidago rugosa is common throughout most of its range, and is not tracked at the species level in any state or province it is native to. However, in Connecticut the variety sphagnophila is listed as a special concern and believed to be extirpated from the state.

## Cultivation

Solidago rugosa is grown as an ornamental garden plant. The cultivar 'Fireworks' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## Native American ethnobotany

The Iroquois use the whole plant for biliousness and as liver medicine, and take a decoction of flowers and leaves for dizziness, weakness or sunstroke.
# Sonchus bornmuelleri

Sonchus bornmuelleri, or Bornmueller's sow-thistle, is a plant endemic to the Canary Island of La Palma.

## Description

Perennial with woody stock. Leaves in a basal rosette, pinnatifid with rounded lobes; margins subspinose. Scape up to 80 cm, with a few small bracts. Inflorescence a dense corymb of up to 20 heads. Heads densely tomentose.

## Distribution in La Palma

Cliffs south of Santa Cruz de La Palma, coastal rocks near San Andrés y Los Sauces, lots pedregale (between the lighthouse and piscinas fajanas), Riscos de Bajamar, Garafia, Montaña del Viento, Mazo, Fuencaliente, etc., up to 200 m, rare.
# Sokobaru dam

Sokubara dam (Japanese:底原ダム) is a man-made dam located in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa prefecture of southern Japan. The dam is used to collect water for drinking purpose. The dam lies in the catchment of Miyara River. The dam came in operation in 1992 and has a capacity of 130Mm$^3$.
# Sojourn

Sojourn may refer to:

## Books and periodicals

* Sojourn (comics), a CrossGen comic book series
* Sojourn (journal), a journal of social and cultural issues in Southeast Asia
* Sojourn (novel), the 1991 novel in the Dark Elf Trilogy by R. A. Salvatore
* The Sojourn, a 2011 novel by Andrew Krivak

## Music

* Sojourn (album), a 1977 album by Mickey Tucker
* "Sojourn", a song by Natasha Bedingfield from Unwritten
* Sojourn Music, an American Christian music group

## Other uses

* "Sojourn" (American Horror Story), a television episode
* Sojourn, a predecessor of TorilMUD, a text-based online role-playing game
* Sojourn (Overwatch), a playable character from the video game Overwatch
* Sevoflurane, trade name Sojourn, an inhalational anaesthetic
* Sojourn Shelton (born 1994), American football player
# Hagley Hall, Rugeley

Hagley Hall was formerly a country house on the outskirts of Rugeley, Staffordshire. After it came into the ownership of the Curzon family, the estate became known as Hagley Park and appeared under that name in 19th century gazetteers, where it was described as "a fine old house and grounds". The site was progressively demolished during the 20th century.

## A fine old house

In about 1392, Thomas de Thomenhorn, keeper of the royal forest of Cannock Chase, built a moated manor that probably stood on the island in the middle of what is now Elmore Park, Rugeley. A new Hagley Hall was built by Sir Richard Weston in 1636 and this was extended and remodelled when the property came into the hands of Sir Assheton Curzon in 1752. In particular an octagonal drawing room designed by James Wyatt was added to one end of the structure. Landscaping of the grounds included building an ornamental bridge over the Rising Brook, an affluent of the River Trent, and also making weirs along it course. There was also a folly under the house in the form of several interconnecting, elaborately columned chambers leading to a basilica cut into the sandstone.
Also living at Hagley Park was the Viscount’s son, the Honourable Robert Curzon. After he assumed the captaincy of the local volunteer regiment in 1804, the Hall served as their offices, while parades were held in the grounds. After 1864 Hagley Park passed to a succession of new owners and during World War I was a centre for the Officers' Training Corps. After that it was sold to the South Staffordshire Waterworks Company in 1919, who eventually demolished most of the house. The portion left was acquired by Rugeley Council in 1967 for use as an arts centre until the site was developed for housing in the 1980s.
The site of the hall is now called Bank Top (WS15 2GD) and the lake once in its grounds is nearby. The name of the estate was preserved in what was originally called Hagley Park County Secondary Modern in 1956, which in 2011 became Hagley Park Academy.
# Hagwilget

Hagwilget or Hagwilgyet is a First Nations reserve community of the Gitxsan people located on the lower Bulkley River just east of Hazelton in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. The community's name means "well-dressed" as in "ostentatious," though another meaning is "the quiet people". It has also been spelled Awillgate and Ackwilgate and it has also been named Rocher Déboulé - "falling rock" - a reference to a landslide in this area from Rocher Déboulé Mountain, which blocked salmon runs on the Bulkley River at this location.
* Hagwilget Canyon
* Hagwilget Canyon Bridge
55°15′00″N 127°36′00″W﻿ / ﻿55.25000°N 127.60000°W﻿ / 55.25000; -127.60000
# Haggart Lake (Kenora District)

Haggart Lake is a lake in the Unorganized Part of Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin and within Woodland Caribou Provincial Park.
The primary inflow, at the south, and outflow, at the north, is the Haggart River. The Haggart River flows via Carroll Lake, the Gammon River, the Bloodvein River, Lake Winnipeg, and the Nelson River to Hudson Bay.
# Haggart

Haggart may refer to:
* Alastair Haggart, British priest
* Alexander Haggart (1848–1927), Canadian judge and politician
* Bob Haggart (1914–1998), American musician
* David Haggart (1801–1821), Scottish criminal
* George Haggart, Scottish curler
* John Graham Haggart (1836–1913), Canadian politician
# Somatic effort

Somatic effort refers to the total investments of an organism in its own development, differentiation, and maintenance which consequently increases its reproductive potential.
# Solenogenys

Solenogenys is a genus in the ground beetle family Carabidae. There are at least three described species in Solenogenys, found in Brazil.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Solenogenys:
* Solenogenys funkei Adis, 1981
* Solenogenys rhysodoides (J.Thomson, 1858)
* Solenogenys thomsoni Reichardt, 1975
# Solenogyne

Solenogyne is a genus of Australian plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae.

## Species

* Solenogyne bellioides Cass. - New South Wales, Queensland
* Solenogyne dominii L.G.Adams - New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria; naturalized in New Zealand
* Solenogyne gunnii (Hook.f.) Cabrera - New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria; naturalized in New Zealand

## formerly included

see Lagenophora
# Committee on European Affairs

Committee on European Affairs may refer to:
* Committee on European Affairs (Bulgaria)
* Committee on European Affairs (France)
# Haigern

Haigern is a mountain of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
49°05′42″N 9°12′06″E﻿ / ﻿49.09500°N 9.20167°E﻿ / 49.09500; 9.20167
* This Baden-Württemberg location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Compactly supported homology

In mathematics, a homology theory in algebraic topology is compactly supported if, in every degree n, the relative homology group H$_n$(X, A) of every pair of spaces
    (X, A)
is naturally isomorphic to the direct limit of the nth relative homology groups of pairs (Y, B), where Y varies over compact subspaces of X and B varies over compact subspaces of A.
Singular homology is compactly supported, since each singular chain is a finite sum of simplices, which are compactly supported. Strong homology is not compactly supported.
If one has defined a homology theory over compact pairs, it is possible to extend it into a compactly supported homology theory in the wider category of Hausdorff pairs (X, A) with A closed in X, by defining that the homology of a Hausdorff pair (X, A) is the direct limit over pairs (Y, B), where Y, B are compact, Y is a subset of X, and B is a subset of A.
# Solar longitude

Solar longitude, commonly abbreviated as Ls, is the ecliptic longitude of the Sun, i.e. the position of the Sun on the celestial sphere along the ecliptic. It is also an effective measure of the position of the Earth (or any other Sun-orbiting body) in its orbit around the Sun, usually taken as zero at the moment of the vernal equinox. Since it is based on how far the Earth has moved in its orbit since the equinox, it is a measure of what time of the tropical year (the year of seasons) the planet is in, but without the inaccuracies of a calendar date, which is perturbed by leap years and calendar imperfections. Its independence from a calendar also allows it to be used to tell the time of year on other planets, such as Mars.
Solar longitude does not increase linearly with time, the deviation being larger the greater the eccentricity of the orbit. For instance, here are the dates for multiples of 90° solar longitude on Mars in the mid 1950s:
| Solar longitude | Date | Time (Earth days) |
| 0° | 11 April 1955 | 199 |
| 90° | 27 October 1955 | 183 |
| 180° | 27 April 1956 | 147 |
| 270° | 21 September 1956 | 158 |
| 0° | 26 February 1957 | Total: 687 |

## Of meteor showers

Solar longitude is especially used in the field of meteor showers, because a particular meteor shower is caused by a stream of small particles very close to the elliptical orbit of a comet, or former comet. This means that the shower occurs when Earth reaches a particular point in its own orbit, designated by the solar longitude. For example, after passing the March equinox, the solar longitude (λ$_☉$) of the April Lyrids is 32°.
The value of the solar longitude, like any ecliptic longitude, depends on the epoch being used. The solar longitude for a given meteor shower would therefore not be constant if the current date were used as the epoch. For this reason, a standard epoch is used, usually J2000.

## Of Mars

The Martian year can be divided into 12 Martian months of unequal duration, with the breakpoints being at solar longitudes that are multiples of 30°.
# Solihull Times

The Solihull Times and the Solihull News used to be free newspapers distributed in Solihull, England.

## History

The Solihull News was founded in 1930 as the Warwickshire News and delivered news and sport from the borough of Solihull and south Birmingham. The Solihull Times was founded as a rival newspaper in the early 1980s by Bullman Newspapers and was a free title, although both were eventually owned by Trinity Mirror. The launch editor of the Solihull Times was Alison Parkinson. The first reporters were Robbie Burns (who went on to become The Naked Trader) and Anne Adams. The first photographer was Mike Fenwick.
The Solihull News ceased publication on 21 December 2018
# Compression lift

In aerodynamics, compression lift refers to the increased pressure under an aircraft that uses shock waves generated by its own supersonic flight to generate lift. This can lead to dramatic improvements in lift for supersonic/hypersonic aircraft. Clarence Syvertson and Alfred J. Eggers discovered this phenomenon in 1956 as they analyzed abnormalities at the reentry of nuclear warheads.
The basic concept of compression lift is well known; "planing" boats reduce drag by "surfing" on their own bow wave in exactly the same fashion. Using this effect in aircraft is more difficult, however, because the "wake" is not generated until supersonic speeds are reached, and is highly angled. Aircraft have to be carefully shaped to take full advantage of this effect. In addition, the angle of the shock waves varies greatly with speed, making it even more difficult to design a craft that gains significant lift over a wide range of speeds.
Higher speed designs using compression lift, waveriders, remain an interesting possibility for hypersonic vehicle designs, although only testbed models have been flown. The Boeing X-51 (Waverider) also uses compression lift.
# Halopeplis

Halopeplis is a genus in the family Amaranthaceae. The plants are halophytes with not articulated stems and fleshy stem-clasping leaves. There are three species, occurring from the Mediterranean basin and North Africa to Southwest Asia and Central Asia.

## Description

The species of Halopeplis are succulent annual ore perennial herbs with glabrous, not jointed plant stems. The alternate or nearly opposite leaves are fleshy, glabrous, globular or ovate, sessile and stem-clasping, with distinct or reduced leaf blades.
The cylindrical spike-like inflorescences are standing laterally or terminally in the upper parts of the plants. In spirally arranged cymes groups of three flowers are sitting in the axils of fleshy bracts. The mostly bisexual flowers are immersed in the inflorescence axis and more or less connate to each other, to the bract, and to the axis. The inconspicuously three-lobed perianth consists of three connate tepals. There are one ore two (rarely three) stamens shortly exserting the flower, and an ovary with two stigmas.
The fruit remains enclosed in the inflorescence axis, the fruit wall (pericarp) is membranous. The seed is ovoid to circular, compressed, with leathery, smooth or papillose seed coat. The seed contains the half-annular, uncinate or curved embryo and copious perisperm (feeding tissue).

## Distribution and habitat

The distribution area of Halopeplis covers the Mediterranean region, North Africa, Southwest Asia, Central Asia to China (Xinjiang).
The plants are halophytes and grow on wet salty soils at sea shores, lagoons, or inland at the edge of salt lakes and in saline mudflats.

## Systematics

The genus Halopeplis was first published in 1866 by Franz Ungern-Sternberg. In 1857, Alexander Bunge had introduced the name Halopeplis, but without a valid description. The lectotype of the genus is Halopeplis nodulosa, which is a synonym of Halopeplis amplexicaulis.
The genus Halopeplis comprises three species:
* Halopeplis amplexicaulis (Vahl) Ung.-Sternb. ex Ces., Pass. & Gibelli: annual, occurring in inland salt flats and at salt lakes, distributed in the southern Mediterranean Basin and in North Africa.
* Halopeplis perfoliata (Forssk.) Bunge ex Asch. & Schweinf.: perennial, occurring at sea shores from the Red Sea, Sinai Peninsula, Arabian Peninsula, to southwestern Pakistan (Baluchistan).
* Halopeplis pygmaea (Pall.) Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.: annual, occurring in inland salt flats and at salt lakes, distributed from the North Caucasus, Caspian Sea, southern Iraq, Iran, Central Asia to China (Xinjiang).
# Halophila australis

Halophila australis, the paddle weed, is a species of seagrass in the family Hydrocharitaceae, native to southern Australia. Preferring calm waters, it is found on both mud and sand substrates from the low tide mark down to about 23 m (75 ft).
# Halopegia

Halopegia is a genus of plants native to tropical Africa, Madagascar, and tropical southeast Asia (Indochina, Java). Three species are recognized as of April 2014:
* Halopegia azurea (K.Schum.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 48: 50 (1902). - Africa
* Halopegia blumei (Körn.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 48: 51 (1902). - Java + Indochina
* Halopegia perrieri Guillaumin, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 32: 403 (1926). - Madagascar
# Sonya Hardcastle

Sonya Hardcastle (born 16 April 1972) is a New Zealand former international netball player.
An attacking midcourt player, Hardcastle was first selected for the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns, in 1992. She sustained a back injury the following year, which kept her out of the 1993 World Games. Outside of netball, Hardcastle was stalked several times during her early international career. After taking time out to focus on studies, Hardcastle rejoined the Silver Ferns in 1997, and went on to win silver medals at the 1998 Commonwealth Games and 1999 Netball World Championships.
With the start of the Coca-Cola Cup (later the National Bank Cup) in 1998, Hardcastle signed with the Northern Force; having moved to live in Invercargill, she also started playing provincial netball for Southland. She announced her retirement from all forms of netball after 1999, although she played again with the Northern Force in 2001; she also made a surprise return to play with North Harbour in the 2008 provincial netball season.
Her sisters Nadine and Rochelle also played alongside Sonya in domestic netball, with Rochelle joining her in the Northern Force. Her mother is also a coach with Netball North Harbour.
# Hanashi wa Sorekara da

Hanashi wa Sorekara da (はなしはそれからだ) is the debut studio album by Japanese singer-songwriter Marie Ueda. It was released on 25 February 2015 under Giza Studio label.

## Background

The album includes previous 2 released singles, Kare ni Mamotte Hoshii 10 no Koto and Zakura no Mi. Some tracks of album, like "a girl" was composed during her indies times. The lead track of the album is "Friday". It was released in two formats: regular CD edition with 13 tracks included in and CD+DVD edition which includes music videoclips from years 2010 until 2014.

## Charting

The album reached #45 rank first week. Album charted for 2 weeks.

## Track listing

All songs are written and composed by Marie Ueda.

## In media

* Kare ni Mamotte Hoshii Juu no koto: as playable song for smartphone game Show By Rock!!
* Friday: as theme song for Ezaki Glico's Collon