OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Das Reich (newspaper)

Das Reich (German: The Reich) was a weekly newspaper founded by Joseph Goebbels, the propaganda minister of Nazi Germany, in May 1940. It was published by Deutscher Verlag.

## History

Das Reich was mainly the creation of Rudolf Sparing, Rolf Rienhardt and Max Amann.
Its circulation grew from 500,000 in October 1940 to over 1,400,000 by 1944.
Aside from a weekly editorial, Goebbels was not involved in the publication. Most, but not all, of his articles after 1940 appeared in it. In the 1930s his articles had appeared in Der Völkische Beobachter but then he wished to target a more sophisticated and intellectual readership. From May 1940 he wrote 218 editorials.
When Allied forces landed in Italy, and Mussolini was briefly deposed, Goebbels decided not to write an editorial.

## Contents

The paper contained news reports, essays on various subjects, book reviews, and an editorial written by Goebbels. Some of the content was written by foreign authors. With the exception of Goebbels’ editorial, Das Reich did not share the tone of other Nazi publications.
Among other topics, it covered the uncertain casualty lists from Stalingrad, distinguished between German and Allied invasions to suggest the latter would be unsuccessful, discussed the bombing raids and the V-1, deplored American culture, portrayed American morale as poor (though not suggesting they would give up because of it), and finally declared that Berlin would fight to the end.
Goebbels's editorials covered a wide range of topics. His first bragged of the accomplishments of Nazi Germany, which was then conquering France. He spoke with continuing confidence as France fell, of the opportunities the "plutocracies" had missed for peace. Later he issued vitriolic anti-Semitic articles, argued against listening to enemy propaganda. encouraged them for total war declared England bound to lose the war, attacked the still neutral United States, discussed the significance of its entry into the war, talked about prospects for a new year, presented German radio as a good companion (when, in fact, he hoped to lure them from enemy propaganda broadcasts), professed to be delighted that Churchill was in command in Britain, discussed cuts in food rations and severe treatment for black market dealings, urged that complaints not get in the way of the war effort, accused Douglas MacArthur of cowardice (ineffectually, as the Germans knew he had been ordered to leave), talked of the Allied bombing, describes the sinking of Allied ships by German U-boats, explained Soviet resistance in Sevastopol as product of a stubborn but bestial Russian soul, decried the United States as having no culture, urged that Germans not allow their sense of justice be exploited by their enemies, and claimed that the Allies were as weary as the Axis.
His final article in April 1945 called for last-ditch resistance.
# Dieudonné Disi

Dieudonné Disi (born 24 November 1980 in Ntyazo, Butare) is a Rwandan long-distance and cross country runner.
In 2009 he competed in the marathon at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, but pulled out at the 28 km mark due to an injury. He rebounded after this with a series of victories in October, winning the 10,000 metres race at the Jeux de la Francophonie, the 20 Kilometres de Paris two weeks later, then equalling the course record at the Reims Half Marathon.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Rwanda ||||||
| 1999 | All-Africa Games | Johannesburg, South Africa | 19th | 5000 m | 14:45.16 |
| 2002 | African Championships | Radès, Tunisia | 13th | 5000 m | 14:05.58 |
| 2003 | All-Africa Games | Abuja, Nigeria | 8th | 10,000 m | 28:37.69 |
| 2004 | World Cross Country Championships | Brussels, Belgium | 18th | Long race | |
| 2004 | African Championships | Brazzaville, Congo | 4th | 10,000 m | 28:39.26 |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | 17th | 10,000 m | 28:43.19 |
| 2005 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 17th | 10,000 m | 27:53.51 |
| 2005 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Niamey, Niger | 3rd | 5000 m | 14:16.41 |
| 2005 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Niamey, Niger | 1st | 10,000 m | 29:17.11 |
| 2006 | World Indoor Championships | Moscow, Russia | 17th (h) | 3000 m | 8:01.73 |
| 2006 | World Road Running Championships | Debrecen, Hungary | 9th | 20 km | |
| 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | 16th (h) | 5000 m | 13:47.30 |
| 2007 | World Road Running Championships | Udine, Italy | 6th | 20 km | 59:32 (NR) |
| 2008 | World Half Marathon Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 6th | Half Marathon | 1:03:03 | Olympic Games | Beijing, China 19th 27:56.74 |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | – | Marathon | DNF |
| 2009 | Marseille-Cassis Classique Internationale | Marseille, France | 1st | Half Marathon | 1:00:21 |
| 2009 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Beirut, Lebanon | 1st | 10,000 m | 29:38.68 |
| 2010 | Commonwealth Games | Delhi, India | – | Marathon | DNF |
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 18th | Marathon | 2:19:14 |

### Personal bests

* 3000 metres – 7:50.81 min (2008)
* 5000 metres – 13:25.13 min (2008)
* 10,000 metres – 27:22 min (2007)
* Half marathon – 59:32 min (2007)
# Ingrid Olef

Ingrid Olef (née Schmidt; 14 October 1939 – 23 August 2023) was a German politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, she served in the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein from 1992 to 1996.
Olef died on 23 August 2023, at the age of 83.
# TerraPass

TerraPass is a social enterprise that provides carbon offsetting products. TerraPass use proceeds from member purchases to fund greenhouse gas reduction projects.

## Carbon portfolio

TerraPass's projects is divided into four project types, all based in the United States:
* Wind energy – TerraPass purchased Green-e-certified wind Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) from wind farms and calculates the carbon reduction from these RECs based on the EPA eGRID methodology.
* Farm methane digesters (or "Farm Power") – TerraPass funds emissions reductions from digesters that collect the methane from animal manure on dairy farms and burn it, which often generates renewable energy.
* Landfill methane flaring – TerraPass funds reductions from landfill flaring of methane, collected from decomposing garbage.
* Clean energy – TerraPass funds wind energy after calculating the "environmental gains" with the “carbon profile” of the electricity grid.

## History
### Acquisition by Just Energy Group

In 2014, TerraPass sold its retail carbon offset business to JustGreen, a subsidiary of the Just Energy Group Inc., a Canada-based competitive retailer of natural gas and electricity. JustGreen assumed the TerraPass brand. The remaining TerraPass Energy & Wholesale group renamed itself Origin Climate.

### Partnerships

TerraPass has entered into several business partnerships:
* In August 2006, TerraPass began selling airplane emission offsets through Expedia. Expedia offsets are intended to offset the specific flight(s) booked through the travel site.
* In January 2007, TerraPass partnered with uShip.com to provide a "TerraPass Certified Green Provider Program" to shipping companies wishing to do so.
* In June 2007, Flexcar partnered with TerraPass to provide a premium "Green Membership". In addition to regular Flexcar privileges.

## Verification

TerraPass tries to reduce greenhouse gas against the Verified Carbon Standard. All of the RECs TerraPass purchases are Green-e certified through the Center for Resource Solutions. The primary standards they use are Verified Carbon Standard and the Climate Action Reserve.
TerraPass is audited according to guidelines established by the Center for Resource Solutions. The focus of the audit is to verify that TerraPass fulfills its carbon purchase obligations on behalf of its customers; to enforce certain carbon portfolio quality standards; and to review TerraPass marketing language and disclosure policies.
Adam Stein, co-founder and VP of Marketing, was an occasional contributor to environmental news site Grist Magazine.
# Tankwa

A tankwa is a type of Ethiopian reed boat made from papyrus, used primarily in the area of Lake Tana.
# Batali Hill

Batali Hill is the highest hill in the city of Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is located near the Tiger Pass crossing, about 1 kilometre from the center of the city, and falls under Khulshi Thana.
The hill is about 280 feet high. However, the hill faces threats of erosion and landslides due to illegal hill-cutting activities. In June, 2007, a massive landslide in the area surrounding Batali Hill killed at least 128 people.
There is also an eternal flame (Shikha Onirban) commemorating the Bangladesh Liberation War martyrs
# Asterolepis dipterocarpi

Asterolepis dipterocarpi is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brunei. The habitat consists of dipterocarp forests.
The wingspan is about 12 mm.

## Etymology

The species name refers to the type of forest at the type locality.
# Clinton Bernard

Clinton Bernard (1929/1930 – 26 October 2019) was a Chief Justice of Trinidad and Tobago from 1985 to 1995. In 2018, he came into public light again after he released his autobiography and openly lamented the poor pension system provided for former high office holders and how it had affected him.
# Cruex

Cruex is the trade name for drugs used to treat skin infections. The active ingredient is either
* Miconazole nitrate, or
* Undecylenic acid (full trade name: Cruex Prescription Strength)
# Honky Tonk Rebels

Honky Tonk Rebels is a 2014 Lasse Stefanz studio album, released on 18 June 2014. It topped the Swedish albums chart.

## Track listing

* Var rädd om kärleken
* Länge leve honky tonk
* Jag skulle ge vad som helst
* Om jag gick på vatten
* Vem vet
* Brevet från kolonien (Hello Muddah, Hello Fadduh, duet with Jack Vreeswijk)
* Baton rouge
* Om jag kommer om natten
* Jag är strandad på Jamaica
* Älska glömma och förlåta
* Reckless Heart
* Don't Mess with My Toot-Toot
* Ensam och svag
* När mitt hjärta slutat slå

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Sweden (GLF) | Platinum | 40,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Epidola melitensis

Epidola melitensis is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1955. It is found on Malta.
# Temple Lock

vteTemple Lock :
Legend :
Temple Lock is a lock and weir situated on the Buckinghamshire bank of the River Thames near Temple Mill Island opposite Temple Meadows and not far from Hurley, Berkshire. It was first built by the Thames Navigation Commissioners in 1773.
The weir runs across from the lock to the Berkshire bank a short distance upstream of the lock.

## History

There are references to a flash lock and winch in the 16th century. There was also a ferry at the lock.
The pound lock was built in 1773, the sixth downstream of the eight constructed after the passing of the 1770 navigation act. Like the others it had to be rebuilt in 1782 and though estimates were obtained for stone and timber, timber was chosen because it was cheaper.
In 1890 a new lock was built alongside the original one.

## Access to the lock

The lock is on the Buckinghamshire bank and can only be reached on foot along the towpath from Marlow or Hurley.

## Reach above the lock

The reach is one of the shortest on the river with little of note on it. There was formerly a ferry at the top of the lock cut taking the towpath across the river. In 1989 the Temple Footbridge was built across the river at this point to replace the ferry which had ceased operation in 1953.

### Thames Path

The Thames Path crosses Temple Footbridge from the Buckinghamshire to Berkshire side. The path then crosses back across footbridges between the islands at Hurley where Hurley lock is located.
# Clinton Bridge Company

Clinton Bridge and Iron Works was a significant company in Clinton, Iowa.
George Edwin Wilson (b. England, 1847-d. Iowa, 1926) purchased Clinton Bridge & Iron Works, of Clinton, Iowa, in 1892. According to a history "This company is one of the leading concerns of the state and is too well known to require lengthy description here. Under Mr. Wilson's able and judicious management it has maintained an envied position in the industrial world. Its business is constantly increasing."
It designed and/or built numerous bridges, including many that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Snider Bridge is the oldest truss bridge attributed to Clinton Bridge & Iron Works.
* Bellefountain Bridge, Ashland Ave. over Des Moines R. Tracy, IA (Clinton Bridge and Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Berkhimer Bridge, 245th St. over Des Moines R. Humboldt, IA (Clinton Bridge and Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 1, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 2, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 3, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 4, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 5, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridge No. 6, NW of La Crosse La Crosse, WI (Clinton Bridge Company), NRHP-listed
* Bridgeport Bridge, Old Quarry Rd. Denmark, IA (Clinton Bridge and Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Chambers Ford Bridge, 385th St. over Iowa R. Chelsea, IA (Clinton Bridge and Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Hawkeye Creek Bridge, Hawkeye Rd. over Hawkeye Cr. Mediapolis, IA (Clinton Bridge & Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Little Sioux River Bridge, 210th Ave. over Little Sioux R. Spencer, IA (Clinton Bridge & Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Okoboji Bridge, 180th Ave. over branch of Little Sioux R. Milford, IA (Clinton Bridge & Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Red Bridge, Co.Rd. S74 over South Skunk R. Monroe, IA (Clinton Bridge and Iron Works), NRHP-listed
* Upper Iowa River Bridge, Mays Prairie Rd. over Upper Iowa R. Dorchester, IA (Clinton bridge & Iron works), NRHP-listed
# Duida–Marahuaca National Park

Duida–Marahuaca National Park is a protected area in Amazonas state, Venezuela. It has an area of 210,000 ha, and includes the Duida–Marahuaca Massif.
The national park was established in 1978. It has been included within the Alto Orinoco-Casiquiare Biosphere Reserve, which was designated in 1993.

## Endemic fauna
### Frogs

Venezuela's tepuys are the home of a number of endemic frog species. Sometimes these species are known from only a single tepuy, as is the case of several which are to be found in the national park.
* Cerro Duida
** Mount Duida frog (Dischidodactylus duidensis)
* Cerro Marahuaca
Several frog species are only known from the summit of Cerro Marahuaca, including Pristimantis marahuaka, Metaphryniscus sosai, and Myersiohyla inparquesi.

### Birdlife

* Duida grass finch (Emberizoides duidae)
# Bartik

Bartik is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Jean Bartik (1924–2011), American computer programmer and real estate agent
* Timothy J. Bartik (born 1954), American economist
# Cruft (Debian package)

Cruft is a Debian software package that finds cruft built up in a Linux computer system.

## Overview

According to Debian's package list, "cruft is a program to look over your system for anything that shouldn't be there, but is; or for anything that should be there, but isn't." Among other things, the software inspects the packages listed in the dpkg database and other files that were created during the lifetime of software packages, but were not removed after their lifetime.
# Honk (website)

Honk was a social automotive website developer headquartered in San Francisco, California. The company was co-founded by Tom Taira and Stephanie LaCrosse in 2009 to develop web and mobile solutions that enabled consumers to choose a car.

## History

Honk operated Honk.com, a website that featured user-generated car reviews, new car pricing information, and several social shopping features. A beta version of Honk.com was launched in November 2009.
Honk’s “social recommendation engine” enabled consumers to find recommendations on cars based on their demographic and psychographic backgrounds. Using its social search tool, Honk users could input their age, sex, favorite hobbies, etc. and the social recommendation engine then looked to see which car models were most preferred by other people with the same characteristics. The Honk database featured anonymous data from several hundred thousand automobile shoppers and buyers in the United States.
Honk.com was acquired by TrueCar in May 2011.
# Temple Kol Ami (Fort Mill, South Carolina)

Temple Kol Ami is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located in Fort Mill, York County, South Carolina, in the United States. The congregation was founded in 2010, and is one of two Jewish congregations in York County, and one of eleven synagogues in the Charlotte metropolitan area.

## History

The history of Jews in York County dates back to as early as the 1860s, when Arnold Friedheim, a German Jewish immigrant settled in Rock Hill, SC. After the Civil War, he was joined by his brothers Julius and August. Together they opened A. Friedheim and Brothers, which would eventually become Rock Hill's largest department store. Jewish families, however, did not immigrate in significant numbers until the early 1900s, mostly Eastern European Jews from Poland and Russia who were merchants.
The first Jewish congregation created in York County was Beth El, begun in 1922 by eight Jewish families in Rock Hill. Meeting in homes and eventually a storefront, by 1933 the congregation constructed its first building on Main Street in Rock Hill. The congregation never had a full-time rabbi, but itinerant rabbis and cantors who would lead High Holy Days services. Cantor George Ackerman served the congregation for many years until it closed in 1963 due to lack of membership. Its Torah scrolls and Judaica were subsequently donated to Beth Israel synagogue in Whiteville, NC.
For the next fifty years, no formal Jewish congregation existed in York County. The few Jewish families that resided in the area attended services either in nearby Charlotte or Gastonia, both in North Carolina. However, as Charlotte became a financial center with Bank of America establishing its national headquarters in the city, and with the influx of retired northeastern Jews, the Jewish population of Charlotte and the surrounding areas (including York County) began to prosper and grow.
In the spring of 2010, two men, rabbinical student Jonathan Cohen and Jonathan Shaw, discussed the idea of creating a Jewish congregation in York County. Initially, conceived as a minyan, the rapid response and number of Jewish families necessitated establishing a formal congregation. Shaw was elected the first President and Cohen assumed the role of spiritual leader. On June 4, 2010, more than 170 people gathered for the first service of the new "Temple Kol Ami." Meeting in various locations, the synagogue eventually found a home at St. Phillipe Neri Catholic Church in Fort Mill. Meeting there until June 2011, the synagogue has since relocated.

## Today

Today, the congregation has more than 70 member families with a part-time rabbi and a Religious School. Shabbat services are held every first and third Shabbat. In September 2011, a Torah scroll was donated to the congregation by Temple Beth Israel, in Niagara Falls, New York, after it announced it was disbanding in 2012. Temple Kol Ami obtained a second Torah scroll in 2020.
# Deliver Us (Darkest Hour album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Alternative Press | |
| Blabbermouth.net | 7.5/10 |
| MetalSucks | |
| Punknews.org | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Deliver Us is the fifth studio album by American melodic death metal band Darkest Hour. It was released on July 10, 2007 through Victory Records. The album debuted at number 110 on the Billboard album charts, with sales of 6,600. "Sanctuary" is featured in the video game Tony Hawk's Proving Ground, while "Demon(s)" is featured in Guitar Hero 5 and "Doomsayer" was made available in Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock through the Darkest Hour Track Pack, the last to be released by Activision. The artwork was created by John Baizley who has also done art for bands such as Pig Destroyer and his own band Baroness. It is also the last album to feature lead guitarist Kris Norris.

## Personnel

* John Henry – vocals
* Kris Norris – lead guitar
* Mike Schleibaum – rhythm guitar
* Paul Burnette – bass
* Ryan Parrish – drums
Production
* Devin Townsend – producer, mixing, engineer, guitar ("Full Imperial Collapse")
* Dean Maher – engineer
* UE Nastasi – mastering
* Marian Greksa – mix assistant, additional vocals ("The Light at the Edge of the World")

## Use in media

* The song "Demon(s)" can be heard in the episode "Escape from Dragon House" of HBO's True Blood. It is also a playable track in Guitar Hero 5.
# Dromos

Dromos may refer to:
* Cursus publicus, the public road system of the Roman and Byzantine empires
* Dromos, in architecture, an entrance passage or avenue leading to a building
* Dromoi, modes (types of scales) used in Greek music
# Duidania

Duidania is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, viz. Duidania montana, which is found in Guyana and southern Venezuela.
This plant is a shrub or small tree with leathery leaves and clusters of tubular yellow flowers. It grows on the tepuis of the Guiana Highlands in wet scrub and cloud forest habitat.