OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hashi

Hashi may refer to:
* The Japanese name for chopsticks
* Hashiwokakero, Japanese logic puzzle
* Hashi Station, railway station in Gōtsu, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
* HashiCorp, open-source software company based in San Francisco, California

## People

* Abdulkadir Abdi Hashi, Somali politician
* Ali Matan Hashi, Somali senior military official and politician
* Makoto Hashi (born 1977), Japanese professional wrestler
* Mohamed Hashi (died 2020), Somali politician
* Samira Hashi (born 1991), Somali-British model, social activist and community worker
* Shō Hashi (1371–1439, r. 1422–1439), the last king of Chūzan and the first king of the Ryūkyū Kingdom (today Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)
* Takayo Hashi (born 1977), Japanese female mixed martial artist
* Yoshi-Hashi, (born 1982), Japanese professional wrestler
* Yukio Hashi (born 1943), Japanese Enka singer and actor
# Valdemarslund

Valdemarslund is a three-winged, half-timbered farmhouse situated on Gurrevej, between Tikøb and Gurre, a few kilometres west of Helsingør, Denmark. The building served as the official residence of the local chief forester until 1970. The three-winged main building and a detached building in the garden were listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1982.

## History
### Early history

The three-winged building was constructed in around 1805. The building served as the official residence of the local chief forester (skovrider).
Henrich Georg Friedrich Fischer (1782–1829 resided at Valdemarslund in his capacity of chief forester of Hørsholm Forest District (appointed 20 February 1810).

### Sophus Magnus Bjørnsen, 1829–1857

The next chief forester at Valdemarslund was Sophus Magnus Bjørnsen (1790–1857). In 1829, he was appointed as chief forester of the 2nd Kronborg For4est District. Bjørnsen was an innovative forester and farmer. He played an important role in the local community by acting as a consultant for local farmers.
. His annual six-day hunts were attended by people such as the businessman Niels Peter Kirck and the medical doctor Frederik Wilhelm Galschiøt from Gelsingør as well as J. C. Drewsen from Strandmøllen. Bjørnsen was also involved in the excavation of Gurre Castle ruin.
In 1841, he also bought Marianelyst Inn. His son Jacob Bjørnsen was a veterinarian.

### Later chief foresters, 1857–1970

Bjørnsen was succeeded by Joachim Godske Nyholm (1799–1976) as chief forester of the 2nd Kronborg Forest Fistrict. (appointed 21 November 1857).
The next chief forester at Valdemarslund was Heinrich Schade (1836–1916). On 17 July 1876, he was appointed as chief forester of the 2nd Kronborg Forest Fistrict. He was dismissed on 1 May 1902.
# Dr. Ambedkar Mani Mandapam

Dr. Ambedkar Manimandapam is a memorial in the Adyar neighborhood of Chennai, India, dedicated to B. R. Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian Constitution. It is located in the Adyar estuary on Greenways Road in Mandhavelipakkam.

## History

In 1993, the Government of Tamil Nadu run by the AIADMK party decided to build a memorial and an auditorium for Ambedkar on 5 acres (2.0 ha) of land identified in Adyar creek. The foundation stone was laid by the then Chief Minister, J. Jayalalitha, in April 1993. However, environmental groups in the city challenged the decision in court. In March 1994, permission was granted by Justice Kanakaraj in a landmark judgment, allowing construction of a memorial on a 1.5-acre (0.61 ha) area at one end of the identified site, without constructing the auditorium or any other construction. The matter went to the court again for some other issues, and with disposal of the case, the foundation stone was laid again in December 1998. The memorial was then built on 0.75 acres (0.30 ha) of land and the remaining 0.75 acres (0.30 ha) was made available for provision for lawns and landscaping.
After entangling in legal disputes for several years, the work on the construction of the memorial was entrusted to the Public Works Department in June 1999, with an allocation of ₹ 45 million. The initial site preparation was carried out by the Tamil Nadu Adi-Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation (THADCO). The memorial was declared open by the then Chief Minister, M. Karunanidhi, on 10 June 2000.

## The memorial

Built over a plinth area of 8,285 square feet (769.7 m$^2$), the memorial has a semi-circle dome with a diameter of 55 ft. About a dozen photographs of Ambedkar are kept in display, including Ambedkar with Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and his participation in the First Round Table Conference in London in the 1930s.
# Hertwig rule

Hertwig's rule, or the long axis rule states that a cell divides along its long axis. Introduced by the German zoologist Oscar Hertwig in 1884, the rule emphasizes the cell shape as a default mechanism of spindle apparatus orientation. Hertwig's rule predicts cell division orientation, which is important for tissue architecture, cell fate and morphogenesis.

## Discovery

Hertwig's experiments studied the orientation of frog egg divisions. The frog egg has a round shape and the first division occurs in a random orientation. Hertwig compressed the egg between two parallel plates. The compression forced the egg to change its shape from round to elongated. Hertwig noticed that elongated egg divides not randomly, but orthogonally to its long axis. The new daughter cells were formed along the longest axis of the cell. This observation thus became known as 'Hertwig's rule' or 'long axis rule'.

## Confirmation and mechanism

Recent studies in animal and plant systems support the 'long axis rule'. The studied systems include the mouse embryo, Drosophila epithelium, Xenopus blastomeres (Strauss 2006), MDCK cell monolayers and plants (Gibson et al., 2011). The mechanism of the 'long axis rule' relies on interphase cell long axis sensing. However, during division many animal cell types undergo cell rounding, causing the long axis to disappear as the cell becomes round. It is at this rounding stage that the decision on the orientation of the cell division is made by the spindle apparatus. The spindle apparatus rotates in the round cell and after several minutes the spindle position is stabilised preferentially along the interphase cell long axis. The cell then divides along the spindle apparatus orientation. The first insights into how cells could remember their long axis came from studies on the Drosophila epithelium. The study indicated the participation of tricellular junctions (TCJs) in determining the spindle orientation. TCJs localized at the regions where three or more cells meet. As cells round up during mitosis, TCJs serve as spatial landmarks. The orientation of TCJs remains stable, independent of the shape changes associated with cell rounding. The positions of TCJs encode information about interphase cell shape anisotropy to orient division in the rounded mitotic cell. However this study is limited to only one type of epithelia in Drosophila melanogaster and has not been shown to be true in other epithelial types.

## Mechanobiology

It has been shown that mechanical force can cause cells to divide against their long axis and instead with the direction of mechanical stretch in MDCK monolayers.

## Importance

Cell divisions along 'long axis' are proposed to be implicated in the morphogenesis, tissue response to stresses and tissue architecture. Division along the long cell axis reduces global tissue stress more rapidly than random divisions or divisions along the axis of mechanical stress. Long-axis division contributes to the formation of isotropic cell shapes within the monolayer.
# Charles Stuart Cushing

Charles Stuart Cushing (December 28, 1867 – January 7, 1946) was an American attorney and amateur astronomer.

## Biography

Cushing was born on December 28, 1867, in San Francisco, California, one of five children of John Morland Cushing and Anne Mary Kennedy. His father was a pioneer who had traveled to California from New York in 1849 for the gold rush. As a boy, he lived on a ranch with his father and uncle in San Luis Obispo county. Cushing was educated in public schools of California, including the North Cosmopolitan Grammar School in San Francisco. The principal of the latter school was Kate Kennedy, sister of Cushing's mother. Some time later the family moved to Oakland, California, where Cushing graduated from Oakland High School in December, 1884.
Hired as a clearinghouse clerk, Cushing worked at the First National Bank of San Francisco immediately after graduation. But he decided to pursue a legal career and studied for the Bar at a law office in San Francisco. On January 13, 1891, Cushing was licensed with the California Bar and entered the law firm of Mullany and Grant. Two years later, he became an associate and the law office was renamed Mullany, Grant, and Cushing. His brother Oscar K. Cushing joined this firm in 1896. The association lasted until Michael Mullany died in 1903. On August 10, 1903, Cushing was married to Anne Sessions. The Cushing brothers formed their own law firm, Cushing and Cushing, in 1908. They would continue in practice together for a combined period of fifty years. In 1918–1919, Cushing was president of the California Bar Association. During 1919–1924, he was a member of the general council for the American Bar Association.
During High School, Cushing became interested in astronomy under the influence of his teacher Charles Burckhalter, who was director of the Chabot Observatory. Cushing joined a group that traveled to Ukiah in northern California to observe the total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889. This event led to the founding of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP), and Cushing was voted into membership in July, 1889. He served on the Board of Directors of ASP for 45 years, as chairman of the Finance Committee, and was elected president in 1907 and 1921. In 1922, he was named a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Cushing had interests in agriculture and history. He was a member of the California Historical Society and served four terms as president of the Society of California Pioneers. Cushing was a member of the Bohemian Club.
# Charles J. Hart

Charles James "Chic" Hart Sr. (June 27, 1896 – December 22, 1971) was an American football coach. He served as the second head football coach at Brigham Young University (BYU), coaching for three seasons from 1925 to 1927, and compiling a record of 6–12–2. He was a longtime figure in the physical education departments at BYU, remaining at the university until the 1960s.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| BYU Cougars (Rocky Mountain Conference) (1925–1927) ||||||
| 1925 | BYU | 3–3 | 3–3 | T–6th |
| 1926 | BYU | 1–5–1 | 1–4–1 | 10th |
| 1927 | BYU | 2–4–1 | 2–4 | 8th |
| BYU: | BYU: | 6–12–2 | 6–11–1 | |
| Total: | Total: | 6–12–2 | | |
# Huainan Sports Stadium

Huainan Sports Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Huainan, China. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 20,000 spectators. It opened in 2010.
# Huaiqun

Huaiqun (Chinese: 怀群镇) is a town in Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County, Guangxi, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 23,581 and an area of 171.19-square-kilometre (66.10 sq mi).

## Administrative division

As of 2021, the town is divided into one community and nine villages:
* Huaiqun Community (怀群社区)
* Dong'an (东安村)
* Si'an (泗岸村)
* Jianjiang (剑江村)
* Guogan (果敢村)
* Lundong (伦洞村)
* Jiawan (加碗村)
* Xiadong (虾洞村)
* Ziqiu (自求村)
* Gengyao (耕尧村)

## History

During the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), it was under the jurisdiction of Tianhe County.
It was incorporated as a township in 1925, during the Republic of China.
Its name was changed to the "Fifth District" in 1952 and then was renamed "Huaiqun People's Commune" (怀群人民公社) in August 1958. It became a township in October 1984 and was upgraded to a town in April 1995.

## Geography

The town is located at the west of Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County. The town shares a border with Yizhou District to the west, Jian'an Township to the north, and the town of Tianhe to the east and south.
The Kama Reservoir (卡马水库) is located at the north of the town, providing drinking water and water for irrigation for the town.

### Climate

The town is in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 18.9 °C (66.0 °F), total annual rainfall of 1,567-millimetre (61.7 in), a frost-free period of 320 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1402.5 hours.

## Economy

The principal industries in the town are agriculture and mineral resources. The region mainly produce rice, corn, and soybean. Economic crops are mainly sugarcane, cassava, and tobacco.
The region also has an abundance of iron, lead, zinc, phosphorite, silicon dioxide, and calcite.

## Demographics

In 2019, Huaiqun had a total population of 23,581 over the whole town.
# Huainan railway station

Huainan railway station is a second-class railway station on the Huainan railway and Fuyang–Huainan railway located in Tianjia'an District, Huainan, Anhui, China. The total area of the station is 3882 square meters. Huainan railway station was completed in November 1949 and put into operation in December.
# Charles Ridding

Charles Henry Ridding (26 November 1825 – 13 March 1905) was an English first-class cricketer and clergyman.
The son of The Reverend Charles Ridding, he was born at Winchester in November 1825. He was educated there at Winchester College, where he played for the college cricket team. From there, he matriculated to Trinity College, Oxford, prior to receiving a demyship to Magdalen College. While studying at Oxford, Ridding played first-class cricket for Oxford University Cricket Club, making his debut against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Oxford in 1845, and playing in The University Match against Cambridge University in his debut season. He played for Oxford until 1849, making twelve first-class appearances and captaining the university in his final year. He made two additional first-class appearances during his studies in 1848, for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the Gentlemen of England, and for the Gentlemen in the Gentlemen v Players fixture.
After graduating from Oxford, Ridding was ordained as a deacon and undertook his first ecclesiastical role as curate at Theale in Berkshire in 1849, before being appointed curate at Tangley in Hampshire in 1852, a post he held until 1857. His religious duties largely obligated him to discontinue his participation in cricket much earlier than he otherwise would have. Nevertheless, in the early 1850s he played for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and various Gentlemen sides, whilst also appearing for in the Over 30 v Under 30 fixture. Ridding maintained his connection with Magdalen College, being elected a fellow in 1856, its bursar in 1861, and vice-president in 1863. Having appeared for Hampshire against the MCC in 1861, he later played for the nascent Hampshire County Cricket Club in its inaugural first-class match against Sussex at Southampton in 1864, with him making a further appearance that season in the return fixture at Hove. From his debut in 1849, Ridding played a total of 29 first-class matches. In these, he scored 492 runs at average of 11.71 and a highest score of 33. He was remembered by Wisden as a "splendid wicket-keeper and long-stop, never using pads or gloves. He was, in addition, a good steady batsman."
In 1865, Ridding was appointed reverend at Slimbridge, Gloucestershire. He remained there in post until his death in March 1905, at Funtley, Hampshire. Ridding has been married since 1865, to the daughter of Timothy Stonhouse Vigor. His brother's, William and Arthur, both played first-class cricket and held ecclesiastical positions; a third brother, George, was a bishop and prominent educator.
# Charles Lambart, 3rd Earl of Cavan

Charles Lambart, 3rd Earl of Cavan (7 September 1649 – 5 December 1702) was an Irish peer.
He was the eldest son of Richard Lambart, 2nd Earl of Cavan and Rose Ware, daughter of the historian Sir James Ware and Elizabeth Newman. He inherited the Earldom of Cavan in 1690 from his father, who had long been insane. His mother apparently died giving birth to him.
He married Castilina, daughter of Henry Gilbert of Kilminchy, County Laois and Gertrude St Leger and sister of St Leger Gilbert, MP for Maryborough, and had four sons, including Charles, Lord Lambart, who predeceased him, Richard Lambart, 4th Earl of Cavan, Oliver, who married Frances Stewart, and Henry, father of the 6th Earl. He died in December 1702 and was buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. Castilina died at a great age in 1742.
# Charles Lambart, 1st Earl of Cavan

Charles Lambart, 1st Earl of Cavan (c. March 1600 – 25 June 1660) was an Anglo-Irish Royalist soldier and peer.
Lambart was the son of Oliver Lambart, 1st Baron Lambart and Hester Fleetwood. He served as the Member of Parliament for Bossiney in Cornwall in 1626, and again between 1628 and 1629. He had succeeded to his father's barony on 10 June 1618 but as this was a title in the Peerage of Ireland, he was not secluded from sitting in the House of Commons of England. Lambart was Seneschal of Cavan and of Kells in 1627 and made a member of the Privy Council of Ireland.
Following the Irish Rebellion of 1641, he raised a regiment of 1,000 foot guards against the Roman Catholic rebels. He was subsequently the commander of the forces guarding Dublin on behalf of Charles I in 1642. On 15 April 1647, Lambart was created Earl of Cavan and Viscount Kilcoursie in the Peerage of Ireland, in recognition of his loyalty to the Royalist cause.

## Family

Lambart married Hon. Jane Robartes, the daughter of Richard Robartes, 1st Baron Robartes and his wife Frances Hender, and sister of John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor, in 1625. Together they had four children, Richard, Oliver, Rose and Hester. He was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son, Richard, who was insane for most of his adult life. Some blamed his father indirectly for Richard's mental condition, in favouring his younger son Oliver to the extent that he deprived Richard of much of his inheritance, causing him to fall into a "deep melancholy".
# Hubert Türk

Hubert Türk (January 31, 1925, in Nörvenich – June 15, 2011, in Bergisch Gladbach) was a German politician and member of Parliament (CDU).

## Life and early career

Türk attended elementary school as well as high school during the Second World War and despite the interruption of military service as well as imprisonment, he was finally able to get his diploma in 1949. He then continued his studies at the Veterinary School in Hannover, passed the Staatsexamen (state exam) in 1956, and additionally obtained his doctorate in veterinary medicine in 1957. After working as a veterinarian and for a veterinary-government agency, he then worked at an insurance company. He is the brother of author and Heimatforscher Karl Heinz Türk.
Türk was a member of the CDU from 1964 onwards and he belonged to numerous other party committees.

## Political career

Türk was a member of the state parliament of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia from May 28, 1975, until May 28, 1980. He was a member of the committee for work, health, social services, petitions and sports, as well as for matters relating to refugees. He was directly elected in the electoral district 028 Rheinisch-Bergisch district II.
He belonged to the Rheinisch-Bergischer district from 1969 to 1974.
# Hugh Dacre

Hugh Dacre may refer to:
* Hugh Dacre (priest) (died 1510), archdeacon of Carlisle
* Hugh Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre (1335–1383), English nobleman
# Anna Fiorentini Theatre and Film School

Anna Fiorentini Theatre & Film School is a part-time stage school, based in London. The school's founder and Principal is Anna Fiorentini.
The school was established in 2001 as a Prince's Trust Business. Since then, it has won three Business of London Awards and has a growing reputation within the performing arts industry.
Students aged 7 to 18 follow a time-table of Drama, Film, Singing, Dance & Musical Theatre. These classes are taught by leading professionals, and the school currently has a branch in Camden, Greenwich, Hackney and Docklands. The school also offers Fiorentini Weenies classes for students aged 4–6 years old.
Every year the school puts on a Variety Performance at the Hackney Empire. All students have the opportunity to take part in this show. Students are also encouraged to take part in competitions such as Fiorentini's Got Talent and Destination Dance.
To support children from low-income families that may struggle with fees, the school set up the Fiorentini Foundation to help provide bursaries and scholarships. In 2014, Anna Fiorentini set up Stage & the City, an adult performing arts school, to raise money for the Fiorentini Foundation. All profits from Stage & the City go directly to the charity.

## The Anna Fiorentini Agency

The Anna Fiorentini school also gives their students the opportunity to join their agency. Many of the schools students are given the opportunity to audition for professional work for TV, film, music videos, voiceovers and West End theatre productions. The Anna Fiorentini Agency (also known as the AF Agency) has a diverse range of children who are all very talented, professional and have a passion for performing.

## Graduates

A number of actors (theatre & screen) and music artists have attended the school, some include:
* Belinda Owusu (EastEnders)
* Charlie Jones (EastEnders)
* Jermain Jackman (Winner of The Voice UK 2014)
* Orla Hill (Swallows and Amazons, Song for Marion)
* Jaden Oshenye (The Bodyguard)
* Tahj Miles (Class Dismissed (TV series), Oliver!, The Lion King, Matilda, Bugsy Malone, Amil and the Detectives)
* Jayden Jean-Paul Denis (Hank Zipser)
* Harry Demmon (Good Night Mister Tom)

## Stage & the City

Stage & the City is a London-based adult performing arts company which was set up in 2014 as the adult branch of Anna Fiorentini. The company offers evening performing arts courses in various studios across central London. All profits from Stage & the City go directly to the Fiorentini Foundation.