OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Barrer

The barrer is a non-SI unit of permeability of gases used in the membrane technology and contact lens industry. It is named after the New Zealand-born chemist Richard Barrer.

## Definition

The barrer is defined as follows:
    ${\rm {{1}\ barrer={10^{-10}}{\frac {cm_{STP}^{3}\cdot cm}{cm^{2}\cdot s\cdot cmHg}}}}$
Confusingly, the centimetre notation is used in four different ways.
* To denote an amount of substance, the 'cm$^3$$_{STP}$' is standard cubic centimeter, which is a unit of amount of substance rather than a unit of volume. It represents the number of gas molecules or moles that would occupy one cubic centimeter at standard temperature and pressure, as calculated via the ideal gas law.
* To denote a pressure differential, the notation 'cmHg' is used; a 'centimetre of mercury', which is ten times the more familiar 'millimetre of mercury'.
* And finally, the centimetre and square centimetre are used in the normal way to measure thickness and area.
The cm corresponds in the permeability equations to the thickness of the material whose permeability is being evaluated, the cm$^3$$_{STP}$cm$^{−2}$s$^{−1}$ to the flux of gas through the material, and the cmHg to the pressure drop across the material. That is, it measures the rate of fluid flow passing through an area of material with a thickness driven by a given pressure. See Darcy's Law.
In SI units, the barrer can be expressed as:
    ${\rm {{1}\ barrer={3.35\times 10^{-16}}{\frac {mol\cdot m}{m^{2}\cdot s\cdot Pa}}}}$
To convert to CGS permeability unit, one must use the following:
    ${\rm {{1}\ barrer={M\ \times }\ {3.35\times 10^{-13}}\ {\frac {g\cdot cm}{s\cdot cm^{2}\cdot bar}}}}$
Where M is the molecular weight of the penetrant gas (g/mol).
Another commonly expressed unit is Gas Permeance Unit (GPU). It is used in the measurement of gas permeance. Permeance can be expressed as the ratio of the permeability with the thickness of membrane.
    ${\rm {{1}\ GPU=10^{-6}\ {\frac {cm_{STP}^{3}}{cm^{2}\cdot s\cdot cmHg}}=7.501\ \times \ 10^{-12}\ {\frac {m_{STP}^{3}}{m^{2}\cdot s\cdot Pa}}}}$
Or in SI units:
    ${\rm {{1}\ GPU=3.35\ \times \ 10^{-10}\ {\frac {mol}{m^{2}\cdot s\cdot Pa}}}}$
# Axiom of power set

In mathematics, the axiom of power set is one of the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms of axiomatic set theory. It guarantees for every set $x$ the existence of a set ${\mathcal {P}}(x)$, the power set of $x$, consisting precisely of the subsets of $x$. By the axiom of extensionality, the set ${\mathcal {P}}(x)$ is unique.
The axiom of power set appears in most axiomatizations of set theory. It is generally considered uncontroversial, although constructive set theory prefers a weaker version to resolve concerns about predicativity.

## Formal statement

The subset relation $\subseteq$ is not a primitive notion in formal set theory and is not used in the formal language of the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms. Rather, the subset relation $\subseteq$ is defined in terms of set membership, $\in$. Given this, in the formal language of the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms, the axiom of power set reads:
    $\forall x\,\exists y\,\forall z\,[z\in y\iff \forall w\,(w\in z\Rightarrow w\in x)]$
where y is the power set of x, z is any element of y, w is any member of z.
In English, this says:
    Given any set x, there is a set y such that, given any set z, this set z is a member of y if and only if every element of z is also an element of x.

## Consequences

The power set axiom allows a simple definition of the Cartesian product of two sets $X$ and $Y$:
    $X\times Y=\{(x,y):x\in X\land y\in Y\}.$
Notice that
    $x,y\in X\cup Y$
    $\{x\},\{x,y\}\in {\mathcal {P}}(X\cup Y)$
and, for example, considering a model using the Kuratowski ordered pair,
    $(x,y)=\{\{x\},\{x,y\}\}\in {\mathcal {P}}({\mathcal {P}}(X\cup Y))$
and thus the Cartesian product is a set since
    $X\times Y\subseteq {\mathcal {P}}({\mathcal {P}}(X\cup Y)).$
One may define the Cartesian product of any finite collection of sets recursively:
    $X_{1}\times \cdots \times X_{n}=(X_{1}\times \cdots \times X_{n-1})\times X_{n}.$
The existence of the Cartesian product can be proved without using the power set axiom, as in the case of the Kripke–Platek set theory.

## Limitations

The power set axiom does not specify what subsets of a set exist, only that there is a set containing all those that do. Not all conceivable subsets are guaranteed to exist. In particular, the power set of an infinite set would contain only "constructible sets" if the universe is the constructible universe but in other models of ZF set theory could contain sets that are not constructible.
# Suleimane Baio

Suleimane Baio (born 12 August 1983 in Conakry, Guinea) is a Guinean-born Bissau-Guinean footballer who played for a number of teams including Spain's CD Numancia.

## Career
### Spain

New to the Segunda División's CD Numancia for 2006/07, Baio was said to not have been disciplined and eager to learn at Los Numantinos, fielded four times and hitting the crossbar once despite a hat-trick at the friendly Torneo Triangular de Miranda 2006. Axed from Numancia at the finish of the season, he resorted to UD Villa de Santa Brígida but was dropped winter 2007.

### Albania

Slotting two goals in a 2-1 friendly success over Olimpiku Tiranë which captivated the staff while on trial in 2012, the Guinean continued to be inspected but the opportunity fell through.

### Luxembourg

Committing to Munsbach from US Mondorf-les-Bains at the end of the first half of 2014/15, the midfielder snatched five goals hosting Weiler late 2015 at the Luxembourg Cup.
# Church of the Holy Spirit (Batumi)

The Church of the Holy Spirit (Georgian: სულიწმიდის კათოლიკური ეკლესია) is a Roman Catholic church in the Black Sea city of Batumi, Georgia’s autonomous republic of Adjara. It was constructed in the late 1990s by the Georgian architects Oleg Pataridze and Giorgi Baghoshvili and consecrated in 2000.
The building replaced the earlier church which was confiscated by communists during the Soviet occupation but since 1989 serves as the Georgian Orthodox Cathedral of the Mother of God.
# Eardisley Park

Eardisley Park is a country house and estate to the southwest of the village of Eardisley in Herefordshire, England, and approximately 14 miles (23km) north-west of Hereford.

## History

The grounds were originally the site of Eardisley Castle. A deer park was established during the medieval period for the Baskerville family. The castle was razed after the English Civil War.
In 1777 the estate was mentioned in the Pipe Roll, when the manor, the castle and the park passed to the king upon the death of Sir Richard Baskerville of Duncumb. In the 19th century the estate was in the possession of the Perry family; Thomas Perry was the manor owner in 1837, and James Perry as of 1890.

## House

William Barnesley or Barnsley, a London cloth merchant, built the original Queen Anne house in the early 18th century after purchasing the estate. The attic was converted into an additional storey later in the century. The house was a Grade II* listed building but shortly after restoration burnt down in January 1999.
A near replica on the site, using inside bricks facing outwards and old flooring, wall panelling and fittings sourced elsewhere and adding modern systems and steel beams for floor support, was completed in late 2001 and named the Georgian Restoration of the Year in 2003 and the Restoration of the Century for the West Region by Country Life in 2010. Bow windows were added to the front and rear facades in a style suggesting late 18th century additions. The original brick barns and Grade II listed Georgian dovecote survived the fire and rebuilding included restoration of the garden terraces, which had been worked as part of the farm for the previous century.
A legal dispute over the original house following Barnesley's death in 1760 was reportedly the inspiration for Charles Dickens's novel Bleak House.
# Tõrma

Tõrma may refer to several places in Estonia:
* Tõrma, Lääne-Viru County, village in Rakvere Parish, Lääne-Viru County
* Tõrma, Rapla County, village in Rapla Parish, Rapla County
# Helen Holmes

Helen Holmes may refer to:
* Helen Freudenberger Holmes, American journalist, teacher, politician, historian, and Army veteran
* Helen Holmes (actress) (1892–1950)
# Swimming at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' 4 × 100 metre medley relay

The boys' 4 × 100 metre medley relay event at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games took place on August 18, at the Singapore Sports School.

## Medalists

| Australia | 3:42.50 |
| France | 3:43.84 |
| Germany | 3:44.22 |

## Heats
### Heat 1

| Rank | Lane | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | France | 3:47.30 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | China | 3:48.49 | Q |
| 3 | 7 | South Africa | 3:48.89 | Q |
| 4 | 6 | Hungary | 3:49.19 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | Japan | 3:52.55 | |
| 6 | 5 | Canada | 3:58.65 | |

### Heat 2

| Rank | Lane | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Australia | 3:45.05 | Q |
| 2 | 6 | Germany | 3:45.70 | Q |
| 3 | 7 | Russia | 3:46.48 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | Italy | 3:49.80 | Q |
| 5 | 5 | Singapore | 3:52.89 | |
| 6 | 1 | United States | 3:52.98 | |
| | 3 | Brazil | | DNS |

## Final

| Rank | Lane | Nationality | Time |
| | 4 | Australia | 3:42.50 |
| | 6 | France | 3:43.84 |
| | 5 | Germany | 3:44.22 |
| 4 | 2 | China | 3:44.51 |
| 5 | 3 | Russia | 3:44.65 |
| 6 | 7 | South Africa | 3:45.80 |
| 7 | 1 | Hungary | 3:47.27 |
| 8 | 8 | Italy | 3:48.45 |
# Barry Foley

Barry Foley is an Irish sportsman. He plays hurling with his local club Patrickswell and was a member of the Limerick senior inter-county team from 1996 until 2008.

## Early life

Barry Foley was born in Patrickswell, County Limerick in on 12 May 1977. He was born into a family that had a strong association with hurling. His father and uncles all played for Patrickswell and one uncle, Seán Foley, won an All-Ireland medal in 1973. Foley was educated locally and later attended secondary school in Limerick. Here he won a Harty Cup medal in 1993 and was named "Man of the Match" in the final.

## Playing career
### Club

Foley plays his club hurling with Patrickswell. He has enjoyed much success with the club, winning county medals at under-14, under-15, under-16, minor and under-21 levels. In 1995, he won his first senior county medal. He won another two county medals in 1996 and 1997 before winning his fourth and fifth county titles in 2000 and 2003. In 2006, Foley narrowly missed out on winning a sixth medal when Patrickswell were defeated by a single point by Bruree.

### Inter-county

In the early 1990s, Foley played for both the Limerick minor and under-21 hurling teams but with little success. In 1996, he made his senior debut in a Munster Championship game against Clare. Limerick later won the Munster final and Foley had his first senior inter-county success. In the subsequent All-Ireland final, Foley's side lost to Wexford. The following year he won his first National Hurling League medal. However, since then, Limerick's senior hurling fortunes have taken a downturn and Foley has failed to add any more winners' medals to his collection.
# Leptodactylus jolyi

Leptodactylus jolyi is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, intermittent freshwater marshes, and pastureland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Tadeu

Tadeu may refer to:
* José Tadeu Carneiro Cardoso (born 1956), aka Mestre Camisa, Capoeira master who created the organization ABADÁ-Capoeira
* Tadeu Hasdeu or Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu (1838–1907), Romanian writer and philologist
* Tadeu Jesus Nogueira, Jr. (born 1981), Brazilian footballer commonly known as Juninho
* Tadeu Jungle (born 1956), Brazilian multimedia artist
* Tadeu (footballer, born 1986), full name José Tadeu Mouro Júnior, Brazilian football forward
* Tadeu (footballer, born 1992), full name Tadeu Antônio Ferreira, Brazilian football goalkeeper
* Ely Tadeu Bravin Rangel (born 1982), Brazilian football forward commonly known as Ely Thadeu
* Tadeu Schmidt, host of Fantástico, a Brazilian weekly television newsmagazine
* Gilmar Tadeu da Silva (born 1970), Brazilian football manager and former football player commonly known as Gil Paulista
* Ygor Tadeu De Souza (born 1986), Brazilian striker who has recently played for Chengdu Blades in the China League One
* Tarcisio Tadeu Spricigo, Brazilian Roman Catholic priest jailed for 14 years for sexual abuse of children
* Eugenio Tadeu, Brazilian grappler, Vale Tudo and mixed martial arts fighter
* Tadeu Terra (born 1986), Brazilian footballer who is currently without a club
# Church of the Holy Trinity, Ash Priors

The Church of the Holy Trinity in Ash Priors, Somerset, England was built in the 15th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

In the 14th century the village of Ash was granted to Taunton Priory as its mother church. This led to the village being known as "Ash Priors".
The church was built in the 15th century with the south aisle being added in 1833.
The parish is part of the benefice of Milverton with Halse, Fitzhead and Ash Priors within the Diocese of Bath and Wells. The usual Sunday attendance is between 12 and 20 people.

## Architecture

The red sandstone building has a slate roof. The three-stage tower is supported by diagonal buttresses.
The churchyard contains two war graves, one from the first world war and one from the second.
# ECF Saint Too Canaan College

ECF Saint Too Canaan College is a Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS) secondary school in Kwun Tong district, Kowloon. The school has 24 classrooms, 12 special rooms, a hall, library, a covered playground, a basketball court, a volleyball court and a football field. It is a "millennium-designed" school. As of 2021, there are 24 classes taught at the institute.
# Curtiss C-6

The Curtiss C-6 is a six-cylinder, water-cooled, inline aircraft engine.

## Design and development

The C-6 features an overhead cam and aluminum cylinder jackets. Further development as a V-12 engine was carried out resulting in the C-12 and CD-12 engines.

## Applications

* Curtiss Lark
* Curtiss Oriole
* Curtiss MF Seagull
* Laird C-6 Special
* Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing
* Pitcairn PA-2 Sesquiwing
* Travel Air 2000
* Waco 9
* Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.3

## Engines on display

* The Museum of Flight in Seattle, Washington has a Curtiss C-6A on display.
* The Canada Aviation and Space Museum has a Curtiss C-6A mounted on its Curtiss MF Seagull.

## Specifications (C-6)
### General characteristics

* Type: 6-cylinder water-cooled inline
* Dry weight: 420 lb

### Components

* Valvetrain: Two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder, pushrod-actuated
* Cooling system: Water-cooled

### Performance

* Power output:
* 160 hp at 1,250 rpm
* 161 hp at 1,760 rpm
* Fuel consumption: 0.5 lb/(hp h)
* Oil consumption: 0.016 lb/(hp h)
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.38 hp/lb
# USS Grampus

USS Grampus may refer to:
* USS Grampus (1821), a schooner built to suppress piracy and catch slavers, was launched in early August 1821, had a small part in the Amistad trials and was lost at sea in March 1843
* USS Grampus (1863), was a side-wheel steamer, originally named Ion, was used as a receiving ship for the Mississippi Squadron during the American Civil War
* USS Grampus (SS-4) was Submarine Torpedo Boat No. 4, which was renamed A-3 and patrolled Manila Bay during World War I
* USS Grampus (SP-1708), originally named Boothbay, was 1,708 tons and 126 feet long, built by Neafie and Levy, of Philadelphia. She was purchased from the Eastern Steamship Line of Boston, Massachusetts and commissioned 14 December 1917, at the Boston Navy Yard. Her name was changed to Grampus in November 1920. She was assigned to ferry service between the Washington Navy Yard, Indian Head, Maryland, and Dahlgren, Virginia. Grampus decommissioned 11 December 1930. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 30 December 1930, and she was later sold to the Buxton Line of Norfolk, Virginia
* USS Grampus (SS-207), a Tambor-class submarine, was lost during World War II
* USS Grampus (SS-523), a Tench-class submarine, served through most of the Cold War, then was sold to Brazil
# Sydney Davis

Sydney Davis may refer to:
* Sammy Davis (racing driver) (Sydney Charles Houghton Davis, 1887–1981), British racing motorist, journalist, graphic artist and clubman
* Sydney Davis (Australian politician) (1829–1884), pastoralist and politician in Queensland, Australia
* Sydney Davis (South Dakota politician), member of the South Dakota House of Representatives
# Dragon Beach

Dragon Beach (62°28′S 60°8′W﻿ / ﻿62.467°S 60.133°W﻿ / -62.467; -60.133) is a broad gravel and bounder strewn area flanking Dragon Cove, and extending up to about 10 metres (33 ft) above sea level on Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in Antarctica. To the north it ascends to the Williams Point platform, to the south it is bounded by an ice ramp, and rises to the west onto the flank of Gargoyle Bastion. The feature is a major source of petrified wood, which is abundantly strewn over this area and has been exposed by weathering from an underlying, poorly exposed volcanic ignimbrite deposit. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1998 in association with Dragon Cove.
Dragon Cove itself was named following air photography by the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition and ground survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1956–58, after the brig Dragon (Captain A. McFarlane) of Liverpool, which visited the South Shetland Islands and north Graham Land, 1820–21.

## Maps

* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4 (Updated second edition 2010. ISBN 978-954-92032-9-5)
# Tagant

Tagant may refer to:
* Tagant Region, a region in south-central Mauritania
* Tagant Plateau, a land area in eastern Mauritania
# Lilium pomponium

Lilium pomponium, the turban lily, is a European species of lily native to France, Spain, and Italy.

## formerly included

* Lilium pomponium var. carniolicum, now called Lilium carniolicum
* Lilium pomponium subsp. pyrenaicum, now called Lilium pyrenaicum
# Cynarospermum

Cynarospermum asperrimum is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is a subshrub endemic to the Western Ghats of western India. It is the sole species in genus Cynarospermum.
Cynarospermum asperrimum is a scrambling or trailing perennial herb, with multiple branches and stems up to 1 meter long. Stems can root in contact with soil. It flowers during the monsoon and post-monsoon season, and attracts several species of butterflies for pollination.
It is locally common in the foothills and hill ranges of the Western Ghats in southern Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, and Karnataka states. It grows abundantly in partly-shaded and moist areas, including shrub savannas, forest edges, partly-shaded roadsides, and bunds between fields. It is easily cultivated in pots and gardens.
# U.F.C. Os Pastilhas

União Futebol Clube, commonly known as Os Pastilhas, is a Portuguese sports club based in Cova da Piedade, Almada. The club is best known for its football and futsal teams.
Its futsal team is best known as the first club of Luís Figo, widely regarded as one of the greatest Portuguese footballers of all time.
# Sydney Darvell

Sydney Darvell (17 May 1874 – 22 June 1944) was a Welsh international footballer. He was part of the Wales national football team, playing 2 matches. He played his first match on 6 March 1897 against Ireland and his last match on 20 March 1897 against Scotland.
# Hemiphractus proboscideus

Hemiphractus proboscideus, or the Sumaco horned treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found in the upper Amazon basin in extreme southwestern Colombia (Amazonas and Caquetá Departments), Ecuador, and northern Peru.

## Description

Males measure 43–50 mm (1.7–2.0 in) and females 52–67 mm (2.0–2.6 in) in snout–vent length. The head is triangular in dorsal view. Snout is elongated to a proboscis, and there is a large conical and several small tubercles on the eyes. At night, the body is yellowish with brown diagonal or transverse bars and with crossbars in the extremities; the belly is grayish-cream to white. By day, the back is brown with darker brown markings; the ventral surface is brown to reddish brown with orange or yellow spots on the belly, and yellow or white spots on the gular region. Tongue is orange.

## Reproduction and behaviour

Reproduction seems to occur throughout year as juveniles have been encountered during all months. Development is direct, and the female carries her eggs on her back.
Hemiphractus proboscideus is a predatory species that eats other frogs. At night, they are typically found sitting on low vegetation. When disturbed, the frog will open its mouth to show its bright-coloured tongue. They can deliver a strong bite.

## Habitat and conservation

Its natural habitats are moist tropical forest at elevations of 100–1,200 m (330–3,940 ft) asl. It is a rare species. No major threats have been identified, but it has declined in Ecuador for unknown reasons. Its range includes several protected areas.
# Chrix Dahl

Chrix Dahl (5 January 1906 – 16 June 1994) was a Norwegian painter and illustrator.

## Biography

Christian Axel Dahl was born in Kristiania (now Oslo) Norway. He was the eldest son of Christian Axel Dahl (1878-1918), a naval officer, and Elise Augusta Steen (1879-1952). Dahl grew up in Vestre Aker. He attended Skøyen School and took artium at Frogner School. He studied at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry (1924–25) under Eivind Nielsen, at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts under Axel Revold and Halfdan Strøm (1925–27) and under Olaf Willums (1929–32).
Dahl traveled through southern Europe, including Venice in 1929.
He made his exhibition debut at Blomqvist in Oslo during 1930. Dahl was a teacher at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry from 1945 to 1974. He was a member of the Norske Grafikere, serving as secretary 1938-46 and as chairman 1946-53. He was a board member of the Oslo Kunstforening and board member of the Kunstnernes Hus in Oslo 1946-57. His illustrations include books by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Henrik Wergeland, Mark Twain, Jules Verne and Stefan Zweig.
In 1979, Dahl was made a Knight 1st Class in the Order of St. Olav. Dahl died during 1994 at age 88. He was buried at Ullern Cemetery (Ullern kirkegård) in Oslo. He is represented with several works at the National Gallery of Norway including Napolitansk gårdsrom, Piazzale Mercato (1932), På broen (1932), Gjøglerfamilie (1933) and Selvportrett (1933).