OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abacion tesselatum

Abacion tesselatum is a species of crested millipede in the family Abacionidae. It is found in North America.
# Abbalagere

Abbalagere is a village of the Shimoga taluk of Shimoga district in Karnataka, India.

## Economy

The economy of Abbalagere consists primarily of agriculture. Farmers in this area grow areca nut, plantation crops, paddy, and maize. Many villagers commute daily to the nearby city of Shimoga.
Abbalagere was once known for tobacco production. The Central Tobacco market yard has been operated in the village for many years. However, in 2006-2007, former Prime Minister and Member of Parliament of Hassan, H. D. Deve Gowda (a member of the Central Tobacco board) shifted the market to his district Hassan (Ramanathapuram). After the relocation, all farmers residing in Shimoga taluk, Chikmagalur, and Davangere left the tobacco industry.

## Location

Abbalagere is located along the Shimoga-Hanagal State Highway, which passes through Savalunga and Shikaripura. Shimoga is situated approximately seven kilometres from Abbalagere.
The Naval KSSCA Cricket Stadium is near Abbalagere village. The Essar petrol bunk at Abbalagere serves on a 24/7 basis.

## Education

Nearby educational institutions include the Jawaharlal Nehru National Engineering College, the Bapuji Ayurvedic College, National Public School, Girimaji N Rajgopal Institute of Management, and the University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences. The village also has one public primary school and one public high school.

## Religion

Temples include the Sri. Ujjayani Marula Siddeshwara temple, Ganesha temple, Choudamma temple, Muruda Basaveshwara temple and Bhavi Mallappa temple.
The Ujjain Eshwara temple regularly holds a Parav festival.

## Demographics

The village has a diverse population. It has Lingayath, Tamils, mixed-race Banjar people and other mixed-race people. Land prices are somewhat costly due to its proximity to Shimoga. The Abbalagere stretched recently through new colonies. Ratnagiri layout and Ratnakar Nagar layout started approximately 100 and 300 residential areas opposite to Tobacco market and Method Road cross, respectively. The Ratnagiri and Ratnakara layout easily connects Shimoga city jurisdiction with Abbalagere panchayath area.

## Politics

Abbalagere is under the Shimoga Rural Assembly and Shimoga Lok Sabha constituency. 1500-1800 voters registered in 2015. Abbalagere has its village (gram) Panchayath.

## Transport

A city bus began operation in 1994. A single city bus runs the Gopala-Jayanagar-Navile-Abbalagere-Hounsou route seven times per day. All private buses from Shimoga private bus stop towards Savalanga, Nyamathi, Shika Ripura, Soraba, Honnali, and Holalur routes stop at Abbalagere. In 2017, Shimoga Mahanagar Palika started KSRTC city bus services from Abbalagere to Sakrebailu and other routes.

## Population

| Census parameter | Census data |
| Total population | 1,479 |
| Total no. of houses | 373 |
| Female population % | 49.2% (727) |
| Total literacy rate % | 60.4% (894) |
| Female literacy rate | 26.2% (388) |
| Scheduled Tribes population % | 6.8% (101) |
| Scheduled Caste population % | 24.6% (364) |
| Working population % | 48.3% |
| Child (0-6) population in 2011 | 141 |
| Female child (0-6) population % in 2011 | 56.7% (80) |
# Pirámide del Sol metro station

Pirámide del Sol is a Lima and Callao Metro station on Line 1. The station is located between Caja de Agua and Los Jardines. It was opened on 3 January 2012 as part of the extension of the line from Miguel Grau to Bayóvar.
# Pintag, Ecuador

Píntag is an agrarian village located 27.5 kilometers southeast of Quito in Pichincha Province, Ecuador.
Pintag is 9284 feet above sea level. The closest airport is the Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito. The town is located is near the Antisana volcano in Pichincha. Some of the residents farm and raise livestock, and horse riding is a popular local sport.
Pintag is the home to the first Jesuit house in Ecuador, a farmhouse named Hacienda Yurak. The monks quarried stone from the farm to build the church named la Compañia.
The town is known for its many public festivals. On January 1 of each year, the town celebrates the Fiesta of the Child. On the Tuesday during Carnaval the Fiesta of the Virgen de Santa Bárbara is celebrated, and on March 19, Pintag holds the Fiesta de San José. The first Sunday of October is the Fiesta of Santísima Virgen del Rosario, and the subsequent Tuesday is the Fiesta of the patron saint, San Jerónimo. On December 8, Pintag celebrates the Fiesta of the Virgen de la Inmaculada Concepción.
The artist Estuardo Maldonado was born in Pintag in 1930. Contemporary watercolorist Manuel García was born in Pintag and paints the architecture and people of the town.
# Pioneer Park (stadium)

36°10′23″N 82°45′22″W﻿ / ﻿36.173149°N 82.756115°W﻿ / 36.173149; -82.756115 Pioneer Park is a stadium on the campus of Tusculum University in Tusculum, Tennessee. It is primarily used for baseball as the home field for the college's baseball team, the Tusculum Pioneers. It was built in 2004, and holds 4,000 people. It is also home to the Greeneville Flyboys of the summer collegiate Appalachian League. It was previously home to the Greeneville Reds Minor League Baseball team of the then-Rookie Appalachian League from 2018 to 2020 and the Greeneville Astros from 2004 to 2017.
# Abbiamo vinto!

Abbiamo vinto! is a 1951 Italian comedy film directed by Robert A. Stemmle starring Paolo Stoppa.

## Cast

* Paolo Stoppa as Augusto Fabriano
* Camillo Pilotto as Pasquale Nardecchi
* Walter Chiari as Giorgio Silvestri
* Antonella Lualdi as Elsa Nardecchi
* Margherita Bagni as Amalia Nardecchi
* Jacqueline Pierreux as Iris
* Sergio Tofano as Temistocle Leoni
* Lilla Brignone as Giulia Casadei
* Anna Maria Bottini as Maria Bianchi
# Abbia

Abbia may refer to:
* Abbia: Cameroon Cultural Review, a journal
* Abbia (game), an African game of chance
* Old German name for Abja (now part of Abja-Paluoja, Estonia)
# Pinuneg

Pinuneg is a Filipino blood sausage originating from the Igorots. It is made with pig's blood (sometimes cow's or carabao's blood), minced pork fat, salt, red onions, ginger, and garlic stuffed into a casing made from pig's small intestine. It is traditionally prepared during pig sacrifice ceremonies.
# Abbot Scotland v Hamo the Sherrif

'Abbot Scotland v Hamo the Sherrif' or more precisely versus Hamo the Steward, Sheriff of Kent as agent for (or chief tenant of) Bishop Odo of Bayeux, the Earl of Kent (1076) was a determination by William the Conqueror of an English land law suit.
The matter involved a civil plea (suit) against the donation by a previous abbot of some lands of St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury and their continued confiscation by William himself. In this case the direct defendant was the land holder (chief tenant) Hamo the Steward, Sheriff of Kent who had been a judge in the case Odo of Bayeux v Lanfranc (1071) five years prior.
The sheriff acted as the king's agent, with his licence, for Odo, the king's brother.

## Background

The abbey, founded in 598, was given various incremental endowments. King Edward the Confessor in 1055 gave two of the three parts of Fordwich Borough to the Abbey, the third part was confiscated by the sheriff but given to the Abbey (whether before or as a result of this action) having belonged to Earl Godwin of Wessex (who was Edward's wife's father).
The last abbott (Egelsin), very much a Saxon, fled from office in 1070 in some way seen to have joined, or having joined, Archbishop Stigand's resistance to William. Before doing so to gain the favour of the powerful Normans, he granted one, Hamo (also recorded as Hamo de Crevequer, surnamed Vicecomes), several estates, among which Fordwich borough. The King endorsed the confiscation of the land on his flight and replaced him with the Norman or pro-Norman, Scotland. Scotland proved an astute abbot.

## Outcome

Abbot Scotland recovered for the abbey Plumstead and Fordwich, besides soon or simultaneously obtaining regal grants of the churches of Faversham, Milton and Newington, and various liberties, the King ruling in his favour. He also began the complete rebuilding of the abbey, which was carried on by his successors.

## Wider implications

The case formed part of a raft of 11th century pleadings against the Normans, whose majority takeover of power, assets and money is recorded by the Domesday Book's 10-year-period account of land ownership. This consolidation saw 64% of land in England pass into the hands of 150 individuals; disgruntled claimants included monastic houses whose abbots had proven unsupportive and surviving Anglo-Saxon nobility. Scotland later died in office in 1087.
# Alex (moth)

Alex is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

## Description

Palpi porrect (extending forward), where the second joint reaching beyond the sharp frontal tuft and clothed with hair. Third joint long and naked. Forewings somewhat produced and acute at apex. Vein 3 from near angle of cell and vein 5 from middle of discocellulars. Veins 7, 8 and 9 stalked and veins 10 and 11 stalked and anastomosing (fusing) with vein 12. Hindwings with vein 3 from near angle of cell and vein 5 from above middle of discocellulars.

## Species

* Alex aemula (Warren, 1894)
* Alex continuaria (Walker, 1866)
* Alex palparia (Walker, 1861)
# Piro Qirjo

Piro Qirjo (born 16 October 1963) is an Albanian actor and director. Most notably, he played Gjorg Berisha in Të paftuarit of Ismail Kadare's adaptation of Broken April and the German Wehrmacht major Max in Kronikë e një nate. His directing career is known for documentary films and various advertisement films.

## Biography

Piro Qirjo was born in Korçë, Albania on 16 October 1963. During the high school years he worked as a puppeteer in the Andon Zako Çajupi Theatre. After the high school he went to Tirana to study acting at the High Institute of Arts and graduated in 1987. Piro played in a number of movies until the early '90s. Since 2000 he has directed documentary films about scientific and social issues and worked as a creative director for various advertisement films.

## Filmography

| Title | Year | Role | Director(s) |
| Kush vdes në këmbë | 1984 | Guri, close friend of Petro Nini Luarasi | Vladimir Prifti |
| Të paftuarit | 1985 | Gjorg Berisha | Kujtim Çashku |
| Shkëlqim i përkohshëm | 1988 | Nuri, the theatre director | Albert Xholi |
| Rikonstruksioni | 1988 | Ilir Çelikasi | Vladimir Kasaj |
| Kronikë e një nate | 1990 | Max, the Wehrmacht major | Esat Ibro |

## Theatre credits

| Year | Title | Role | Director | Venue |
| 1988 | Doktori pacient | The doctor's brother | Dhimitër Orgocka | Andon Zako Çajupi Theatre |
| 1988 | Kambanat e muzgut | Brigade’s commander | Dhimitër Orgocka | Andon Zako Çajupi Theatre |
| 1989 | The Million Pound Bank Note | Henry | Emil Bibolli | Andon Zako Çajupi Theatre |
| 1990 | The Threepenny Opera | Mackie | Llazi Sërbo | Andon Zako Çajupi Theatre |

## Director

Piro Qirjo's directing career spans documentary and advertising films. He has directed scientific and institutional documentaries in cooperation with Albanian and international public institutions. He is also the creative director of various advertisement media and short films.
| Year | Title | Notes |
| 2002 | Avokati i Popullit (transl. The People’s Advocate) | Institutional documentary film (30 min.) and 5 short advertisement films |
| 2003 | E thënë për t’u dëgjuar (transl. Told to be heard) | Scientific documentary film (25 min.) with English subtitles, in cooperation with GTZ and NetVision Studio |
| 2004 | Rruga, histori komunikimi (transl. The road, a history of communication) | Institutional documentary film, in cooperation with the Ministry of Transport and Communications |
# Alexander Backus

Rear Admiral Alexander Kirkwood Backus, CB, OBE (born 1 April 1948) is a former Royal Navy officer who served as Flag Officer Sea Training from 1999 to 2001.

## Naval career

Educated at Sevenoaks School and Britannia Royal Naval College, Backus joined the Royal Navy in 1966. He became commanding officer of the frigate HMS Arethusa in 1984, Commander Sea Training in 1988 and commanding officer of the frigate HMS Hermione and commander of the 6th Frigate Squadron in December 1990.
He went on to be Commander, British Forces in the Falkland Islands in 1995, Assistant Chief of Staff (Policy) to the Commander-in-Chief Fleet in 1996 and Flag Officer Sea Training in September 1999. After that he became Flag Officer, Surface Flotilla in November 2001 and Chief of Staff (Warfare) to the Commander-in-Chief Fleet in February 2002 before retiring in June 2003.
Backus was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1989 Birthday Honours, and a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 2003 Birthday Honours.
# Abdirahnam Ibrahim Maʼow

Abdirahnam Ibrahim Maʼow became de facto Islamist Governor of Hiran region and a member of the ruling Union of Islamic Courts (UIC) in January 2009. In July 2009 he quit the Somali interim government and joined Hizbul Islam rebels.
Until Maʼow gleaned support from Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (a fellow ICU leader), the region had been hostile to the TFG. Part of Beledweyne was under his control so when government forces attacked it, Maʼow withdrew his administration's support for the TFG. In September 2009 he became an official member of Hisbul Islam and also announced that his administration does not recognize the TFG. Maʼow is also Chairman of the Council of Islamic Courts.
# Baco, Chiriquí

Baco is a corregimiento in Barú District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 75.9 square kilometres (29.3 sq mi) and had a population of 7,334 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 96.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (250/sq mi). It was created by Law 10 of March 7, 1997; this measure was complemented by Law 5 of January 19, 1998 and Law 69 of October 28, 1998. Its population as of 2000 was 7,101.
# Bad Kleinen

Bad Kleinen (until 1915 Kleinen) is a municipality in the Nordwestmecklenburg district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located on the north bank of the Schweriner See. Bad Kleinen is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.

## Geography

The municipality is located on the north bank of the Schweriner See, the fourth largest lake in Germany, and about half-way between the state capital Schwerin and Hanseatic city of Wismar, and close to Lübeck. The famous German Philosopher and Mathematician Gottlob Frege (*8 November 1848 Wismar – †26 July 1925 Bad Kleinen) lived in Bad Kleinen. In his honor every year during Spring, the people of Nordwestmecklenburg make a walking tour between Wismar (Frege's Birthplace) and Bad Kleinen. The current mayor of Bad Kleinen is Joachim Wölm.

## History

During police action on 27 June 1993 German federal police officer Michael Newrzella and the Red Army Faction member Wolfgang Grams were killed on the platform of Bad Kleinen station.
# Backward masking

The concept of backward masking originated in psychoacoustics, referring to temporal masking of quiet sounds that occur moments before a louder sound.
In cognitive psychology, visual backward masking involves presenting one visual stimulus (a "mask" or "masking stimulus") immediately after a brief (usually 30 ms) "target" visual stimulus resulting in a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus. It is widely used in psychophysiological studies on fear and phobias that investigate the preattentive nonconscious reactions to fear-relevant stimuli.
It is unknown how a later stimulus is able to block an earlier one. However, one theory for this phenomenon, known as the dual channel interaction theory, proposes that a fast signal created by the second stimulus is able to catch up to and overcome a slower signal sent from the first impulse. A similar phenomenon can occur when a masking stimulus precedes a target stimulus rather than follows it: this is known as forward masking, or visual forward masking when the stimulus is visual. While not consciously perceived, the masked stimulus can nevertheless still have an effect on cognitive processes such as context interpretation. It has been shown that visually masked stimuli can elicit motor responses in simple reaction-time tasks (e.g. response priming) independent of their conscious visibility.
It is a widespread belief that masked stimuli can be used for psychological manipulation (see subliminal messages, psychorama). However, the empirical evidence for subliminal persuasion is limited.
# Brighter: A Duncan Sheik Collection

Brighter: A Duncan Sheik Collection is a compilation album from American singer-songwriter Duncan Sheik, released through Rhino Records. The album is a repackage of the first disc of Brighter/Later: A Duncan Sheik Anthology, which was released in 2006.

## Track listing

* "That Says It All" - 4:15
* "Court & Spark" - 3:02**
* "Lost On The Moon" - 5:09
* "Wishful Thinking" - 4:25
* "Genius" - 3:42
* "Bite Your Tongue" - 3:58
* "She Runs Away" - 3:43
* "Rubbed Out" - 5:10
* "Mr. Chess" - 2:38
* "Half-Life" - 3:58
* "The Winds That Blow" - 3:03
* "In Between" - 4:32
* "Mouth on Fire" - 5:39
* "Barely Breathing" - 4:15
* "Home" (Live @ World Cafe) - 6:45
* "On a High" - 3:36
**Previously unissued
# Agency banking model

The agency banking model is a function of certain commercial banks in Kenya. The activity is regulated by the Central Bank of Kenya, which allows banks to contract third-party retail networks as a Banking agent. Upon successful application, vetting, and approval, these agents are authorized to offer selected products and services on behalf of the bank.

## Definition

A banking agent in Kenya is a commercial entity that has been contracted by a commercial bank and approved by the Central Bank of Kenya to provide specific services on behalf of the bank. This entity is equipped with the skills necessary to provide basic banking services according to standards set by the Bank.
This allows the banking agent entity to access financial products and services at a location nearest to the customer, thus breaking down certain barriers to financial inclusion such as cost and accessibility.

## Approved financial activities

Activities that a banking agent can engage in are determined by the contracting bank after assessment of the applying entity. Some of these include:
* Cash withdrawal
* Bill payment
* Cash deposits
* Funds transfer
* Balance inquiry
* Document collection for debit and credit cards, loan applications, and account opening
* Collecting bank correspondence and mail
* Mobile banking services
Agency banking transactions are denominated in Kenyan shillings.

## Prohibited activities

* Execute transactions during network and/or communication failure.
* Charge customers any fees
* Carry out agency banking business when an agent is no longer contracted by a bank
* Offer its own banking services apart from the sponsoring bank
* Perform anti-money laundering services
* Conduct foreign exchange transactions
* Deposit checks or engage in encashing
* Provision cash advances and loans
* Subcontract to any business to run its agency banking
When an agency continues to perform prohibited activities, their contract may be terminated.
# C40H56O2

The molecular formula C$_{40}$H$_{56}$O$_2$ (molar mass: 568.87 g/mol) may refer to:
* Lutein
* Zeaxanthin
* Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3´S-zeaxanthin)
# Cutans

Cutans are the modification of the soil texture, or soil structure, at natural surfaces (particle, pore, or ped) in soil materials due to illuviation. Cutans are oriented deposits which can be composed of any of the component substances of the soil material. Cutans are common features in soil and represent focuses of chemical and biological reactions. Cutans may include clay skins or coatings of silica, sesquioxide, manganese, ferromanganese, soil organic matter or carbonate. Clay skins are also called argillans, and soil horizons with sufficient clay illuviation are termed argillic horizons.

## Significance

Cutans provide physical evidence, observable in the field, as to the degree and nature of pedogenesis. The ability to assess cutans is a core skill in soil morphology and paleopedology.
# Stateless protocol

A stateless protocol is a communication protocol in which the receiver must not retain session state from previous requests. The sender transfers relevant session state to the receiver in such a way that every request can be understood in isolation, that is without reference to session state from previous requests retained by the receiver.
In contrast, a stateful protocol is a communication protocol in which the receiver may retain session state from previous requests.
In computer networks, examples of stateless protocols include the Internet Protocol (IP), which is the foundation for the Internet, and the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is the foundation of the World Wide Web. Examples of stateful protocols include the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
Stateless protocols improve the properties of visibility, reliability, and scalability. Visibility is improved because a monitoring system does not have to look beyond a single request in order to determine its full nature. Reliability is improved because it eases the task of recovering from partial failures. Scalability is improved because not having to store session state between requests allows the server to quickly free resources and further simplifies implementation.
The disadvantage of stateless protocols is that they may decrease network performance by increasing the repetitive data sent in a series of requests, since that data cannot be left on the server and reused.

## Examples

An HTTP server can understand each request in isolation.
Contrast this with a traditional FTP server that conducts an interactive session with the user. During the session, a user is provided a means to be authenticated and set various variables (working directory, transfer mode), all stored on the server as part of the session state.

## Stacking of stateless and stateful protocol layers

There can be complex interactions between stateful and stateless protocols among different protocol layers. For example, HTTP, a stateless protocol, is layered on top of TCP, a stateful protocol, which is layered on top of IP, another stateless protocol, which is routed on a network that employs BGP, another stateful protocol, to direct the IP packets riding on the network.
This stacking of layers continues even above HTTP. As a workaround for the lack of a retained session state, HTTP servers implement various session management methods, typically utilizing a session identifier in an HTTP cookie referencing a session state stored on the server, effectively creating a stateful protocol on top of HTTP. HTTP cookies violate the REST architectural style because even without referencing a session state stored on the server, they are independent of session state (they affect previous pages of the same website in the browser history) and they have no defined semantics.