OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wadi Shie

Wadi Shie is a seasonal watercourse located in the Eastern Hajar Mountains of Sharjah, in the United Arab Emirates.
The wadi runs from the mountains down to meet the coastal city of Khor Fakkan on the Gulf of Oman and is dammed above the restored heritage village of Najd Al Miqsar by the Al Rafisah Dam, a popular tourist spot. Below the dam is the restored hillside heritage village and fort of Najd Al Miqsar. The fort at Najd Al Miqsar formed part of a connected series of fortifications protecting Khor Fakkan, including the Al Rabi Tower and the Al Adwani Tower.
Wadi Shie is the location of the Wadi Shie Archaeological Site, an important collection of petroglyphs that includes zoomorphs (images of horses and camels) and anthropomorphs (riders on animal back). A number of geometric patterns includes a depiction of a ship under sail, a pattern similar to others found in Oman as well as in the Ruus Al Jibal of Ras Al Khaimah. The terraced site is located to the southeastern side of the wadi.
The precise age of the petroglyphs is not known, although they (like others found in the UAE and Oman) bear a striking resemblance to dateable artistic embellishments on Iron Age finds. However, dating is problematic and post-Iron Age dating is also a possibility.
* Anamorphic and zoomorphic petroglyphs at Wadi Shie
* Petroglyphs in Wadi Shie, including horseback and camelback riders.
* Petroglyphs depicting camels in Wadi Shie
* The Archaeological Site in the Wadi Shie is unprotected from the elements save for the sign marking it out.
# Colfax Township, Boone County, Iowa

Colfax Township is one of seventeen townships in Boone County, Iowa, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 746.

## History

Colfax Township was organized in 1871. It is named for Schuyler Colfax.

## Geography

Colfax Township covers an area of 34.97 square miles (90.6 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Olive Branch.
# Séamus Ryan (disambiguation)

Séamus Ryan (1895–1933) was an Irish politician.
Seamus Ryan can also refer to:
* Séamus Ryan (hurler), Irish priest, lecturer and hurler
* Seamus Ryan (photographer) (born 1964), Irish photographer
* Esoteric (rapper) (born 1975), an underground hip-hop artist
* Seamus Ryan (character), a Sons of Anarchy character
# Stallard

Stallard is a surname of English origin, meaning a person who is valiant or resolute, from the Middle English stalward, meaning "stalwart". The name may refer to:
* Albert Stallard (1921–2008), British politician
* Stallard]] (1892–1917), English footballer
* Charles Stallard (1871–1971), South African politician
* Fred Stallard (1938–1991), English footballer
* Gwyneth Stallard, British mathematician
* H. B. Stallard (1901–1973), English athlete and eye surgeon
* Mark Stallard (born 1974), English footballer
* Mary Stallard (born 1967), Bishop-elect of Llandaff
* Mick Stallard (1944–2002), English cyclist
* Percy Stallard (1909–2001), English cyclist
* Peter Stallard (1915–1995), British colonial administrator
* Tom Stallard (born 1978), English rower
* Tony Stallard (born 1958), English artist
* Tracy Stallard (1937–2017), American baseball player
# Steven Epstein

Steven or Stephen Epstein may refer to:
* Steven Epstein (music producer), American classical music producer
* Steven Epstein (academic), professor at Northwestern University
* Stephen Epstein (cardiologist), American physician
# Berowra Waters, New South Wales

Berowra Waters is an outer suburb of Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Berowra is located 40 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Berowra Waters is north-west of the suburbs of Berowra Heights and west of Berowra.
Berowra Waters is located on Berowra Creek, a tributary of the Hawkesbury River. The Berowra Waters Ferry, a toll-free car ferry, connects the east bank to the west bank with winding roads ascending uphill on both sides.
Notable residents include Australian actress Cate Blanchett and her husband Andrew Upton.

## History

It was thought that Berowra was an Aboriginal word that means place of many winds. However, it actually means 'place of many shells' referring to the many shell middens on Berowra Creek.

## Transport

A free three-lane punt, which operates 24/7, connects the two sides of Berowra Waters. The road on the eastern side has several hairpin bends.

## Landmarks

* Berowra Waters Inn was designed by architect Glenn Murcutt.
* Waterview Restaurant and Berowra Waters Marina.
# Holmes Township

Holmes Township may refer to the following places in the United States:
* Holmes Township, Michigan
* Holmes Township, Crawford County, Ohio
# Lawrence & Holford

Lawrence & Holford was an architectural firm based in the U.S. state of Oregon, formed by Ellis F. Lawrence and William G. Holford and established in 1913. The firm designed many buildings that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

## Works on the NRHP in Oregon

* Alpha Phi Sorority House, 1050 Hilyard St, Eugene
* Fred E. Chambers House and Grounds, 1151 Irving Rd, Eugene
* Elsinore Theater, 170 High St SE, Salem
* Hall–Chaney House, 10200 SE Cambridge Lane, Milwaukie
* Dr. Harry M. Hendershott House, 824 NW Albemarle Terrace, Portland
* James Hickey House, 6719 SE 29th Ave, Portland
* James M. and Paul R. Kelty House, 675 3rd St, Lafayette
* T. A. Livesley House, 533 Lincoln St S, Salem
* Paul C. Murphy House, 3574 E Burnside St, Portland
* Isaac Neuberger House, 630 NW Alpine Terrace, Portland
* John V. G. Posey House, 2107 SW Greenwood Rd, Portland
* O. L. Price House, 2681 SW Buena Vista Dr, Portland
* Maurice Seitz House, 1495 SW Clifton St, Portland
* Stanley C. E. Smith House, 1905 SW Greenwood Rd, Portland
* John A. Sprouse, Jr. House, 2826 NW Cumberland Rd, Portland
* St. John's Episcopal Church, 110 NE Alder St, Toledo (attributed to Lawrence, Holford & Allyn)
* Frank C. Stettler House, 2606 NW Lovejoy St, Portland
* Fred E. Taylor House, 2873 NW Shenandoah Terrace, Portland
* University of Oregon Library and Memorial Quadrangle, Kincaid St at E 15th Ave, Eugene (attributed to Lawrence, Holford, Allyn & Bean)
* Women's Memorial Quadrangle Ensemble, bounded by University St, Johnson Lane and Pioneer Cemetery, University of Oregon campus, Eugene
# Die Einigkeit

Die Einigkeit (German for The Unity) was a German newspaper, which appeared from 19 June 1897 to 8 August 1914. It was the organ of the radical socialist Free Association of German Trade Unions (FVdG). Its original editor was Gustav Kessler, but he was replaced by Fritz Kater after his death in 1904.
The FVdG's founding congress in Halle in 1897 decided to publish a newspaper fortnightly under the name Solidarität (Solidarity). Some trade unions in the federation required their members to subscribe to Einigkeit, while most did not. A year later, the title was changed to Die Einigkeit. Organ der lokalorganisierten und durch Vertrauensmänner zentralisierten Gewerkschaften Deutschlands, which was changed to Einigkeit. Organ der Freien Vereinigung deutscher Gewerkschaften in 1901, the year the federation was renamed to Free Association of German Trade Unions. On 1 April 1898 the newspaper started being published on a weekly basis. In 1897, the newspaper had a circulation of 2,650, a number, which steadily increased, reaching over 10,000 in 1900, and a peak circulation of over 13,500 in 1906. A loss of members of the FVdG decreased Die Einigkeit's popularity after that.
In 1911, the FVdG started publishing a second weekly newspaper, Der Pionier, which had a circulation of 4,500 in 1912.
During World War I, both Die Einigkeit and Der Pionier were banned by the German authorities.
# Dullu Palace

Dullu Palace (Nepali: दुल्लु दरबार) used to be the administrative centre of Dullu Kingdom in ancient Nepal. It is located in Dailekh district of western Nepal. In April 2002 (29 Baisakh 2059 BS) Maoist bombarded the palace. Currently, the ruins of the palace exist in the current spot. The local government is trying to find funds to renovate the palace and convert the place into a tourist attraction.

## History

The palace was built by king Sansari Bamm as the administrative centre of Dullu-Sinja kingdom in 1453 BS (1396-1397). It was the winter palace; the summer palace was in Sinjakot in Jumla. In the reign of Uttim Sahi, in 1943 BS (1886-1887), Amar Singh Thapa annexed it into the Gorkha kingdom. However, the son of Uttim, Rudra Sahi was allowed to rule under the Gorkha Kingdom. After the unification of Nepal, Prithvi Narayan Shah ruled the Dullu Kingdom. Then after, Rudra Shah, Shree Bhakta Bahadur Shah and Janga Bahadur Shah became the king of Dullu.
After the Raja Rajauta Unmulan Ain was enacted in 2018 BS, the land where the palace was distributed to 11 proponents. However, no one has claimed the palace. Due to the dispute, the National Archaeology department has not renovated the palace.

## Architecture

The palace was built by carpenters from Kathmandu. It was built with baked bricks and tilled roof. It had 18 rooms and 36 carved wooden windows. There is a temple of Hindu goddess Kali near the palace. In Dashain, pilgrims come to the temple to sacrifice animals. There are some stone inscription in Devnagari Script dating back to 1354.
# WZBG

WZBG (97.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Litchfield, Connecticut, broadcasting an adult contemporary format, it serves the Litchfield area. The station is owned by John Fuller's Full Power Radio, through licensee Red Wolf Broadcasting Corporation.

## History

The allocation for a new station on 97.3 FM was moved from New Paltz, New York, to Litchfield in 1984. A group of local residents, led by NBC Sports president Dick Ebersol and actress Susan Saint James and also including Virginia and Michael Mortara, received a construction permit to build the station in May 1991, beating out nine competing applicants. WZBG signed on July 8, 1992; much of its programming was sourced from Denver–based Jones Satellite Audio, though the station also offered local news coverage, as well as "Betty at the Beehive", a program that Saint James hosted under the pseudonym Betty Aster.
On December 6, 2023, Local Girls & Boys Broadcasting announced that WZBG had been put up for sale, with the intent of announcing a buyer in early 2024. Managing partner Virginia Mortara said that the station had been profitable for all but two years of its existence, and that it was time to sell WZBG to "new and exciting ownership to move the station forward to its next chapter of its success". On February 9, 2024, the company announced that the station would be acquired by John Fuller's Red Wolf Broadcasting Corporation (which does business as Full Power Radio), adding WZBG to a regional group that already included WSNG in nearby Torrington.
# Balao-balao

Balao-balao, also known as burong hipon ("pickled shrimp"), is a Filipino condiment of cooked rice and whole raw shrimp (esp. Alamang) fermented with salt and angkak (red yeast rice). Once stir-fried, it can be eaten as is with rice or used as a dipping sauce for grilled or fried dishes. Depending on the salt content, it is fermented for several days to weeks. The lactobacilli involved in the fermentation process of the rice produces lactic acid which preserves and softens the shrimp.
# St Luke's Church, Stapleford

52°56′26″N 01°16′39″W﻿ / ﻿52.94056°N 1.27750°W﻿ / 52.94056; -1.27750
St. Luke's Church Stapleford is a parish church in the Church of England in Stapleford, Nottinghamshire.

## History

The church is a mission church. It is on Moorbridge Lane.

## Current parish status

St. Luke's Church, Stapleford is looked after by its mother church, St. Helen's Church, Stapleford

## Sources

* ↑ "Stapleford Parish Church | St Helen's, St Luke's, and The Church @ Montrose Court". Stapleford Parish Church | St Helen's, St Luke's, and The Church @ Montrose Court. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
# Cyriel

Cyriel may refer to:
* Cyriel Barbary (1899–2004), the last known Belgian veteran of the First World War
* Cyriel Buysse (1859–1932), Flemish naturalist author and playwright
* Cyriel Coupe (1918–1998) (pseudonym Anton van Wilderode), Belgian priest, teacher, writer and poet
* Cyriel Dessers (born 1994), professional footballer
* Cyriel Geerinck (1889–1955), Flemish educator, poet, writer and stage director
* Cyriel Omey (1897–1977), Belgian racing cyclist
* Cyriel Pennartz (born 1963), Dutch neuroscientist, professor at the University of Amsterdam
* Cyriel Vanoverberghe (1912–1995), Belgian racing cyclist
* Cyriel Verschaeve (1874–1949), Flemish nationalist priest and writer
# Lawrence "Teddy Boy" Houle

Lawrence "Teddy Boy" Houle (1938–2020) was Métis fiddler from Ebb and Flow, Manitoba. He started to play at an early age, reportedly teaching himself to play "Red River Valley" on one string. Houle went on to become an influential fiddler and vocalist, recording a number of albums and maintaining an active performance schedule.
Houle was of Anishinaabe ancestry and had a challenging childhood. His father was absent from his life and his step-father did not value his musical talents.
As a part of the folk revival movement of the 1960s, Houle performed at festivals such as the Mariposa Folk Festival He has also appeared as a fiddler in several films, including "Spirit rider" and "Medicine Fiddler."
In keeping with Métis fiddling style Houle often jigs while playing. His musical style follows in the Métis and indigenous traditions and he has been devoted to a recovery of his Anishinabe heritage in the last twenty years. He has taken on deliberate projects aimed at recovery and renewal of the Ojibway language, including releasing several recordings of Ojibway music. He was an Elder and cultural resource person at Métis Calgary Family Service Society where he facilitated a variety of workshops.

## Discography

* Old Native And Métis Fiddling in Manitoba, Vols 1 & 2, Falcon FP – 187 and 287 – 1987
* Houle, L. T. B., Houle, L. T. B., & Manitoba Association for Native Languages. (n.d.). Anishinaabe Christmas. Winnipeg, MB: Sunshine Sound Studios.
* Benitez, J. E., Lorenzano, A., Silva, M., Silva, M., Nayap, P., Xal, M. M., Coc, C., ... Lee Cremo Trio,. (1997). Wood that sings : Indian Fiddle Music of the Americas.
# Life of prayer and penance

In the Catholic Church, imposing a life of prayer and penance is a type of penalty used to punish clergy for crimes and misconduct. It is typically imposed on elderly priests as opposed to younger priests, who may face harsher penalties.

## Description

It is similar to house arrest and while implementation of the penalty may vary, it usually includes banning the person from public ministry and limiting his interactions with others. It may also involve restricting or removing access to telephones or televisions.
For example, in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia, Cardinal Justin Rigali established a program for clergy sentenced to lifetime of prayer and penance that prohibits them from celebrating Mass publicly, administering sacraments, wearing clerical garb, or presenting themselves as priests; and they are monitored full-time by a former probation officer. Violations of the restrictions may result in a full dismissal from the clerical status. According to canonist Fr. Damián Astigueta, the majority of priests who agree to abide by the life of prayer and penance "want to be helped and recognize that this penalty is a table of salvation for them."
# Hochstein (Arnbruck)

Hochstein (Arnbruck) is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany.
49°07′25″N 13°03′51″E﻿ / ﻿49.12361°N 13.06417°E﻿ / 49.12361; 13.06417
* This Bavaria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Cocktail Sticks

Cocktail Sticks is an autobiographical play by the English playwright Alan Bennett. It premièred in the National Theatre in 2012 as part of a double bill (with the monologue Hymn). The production was directed by long-term Bennett collaborator Nicholas Hytner. It received great acclaim, and transferred to the Duchess Theatre in the West End of London. The role of Bennett was played by Alex Jennings.
An adaptation for radio was first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 3 January 2015, with Alex Jennings (and Alan Bennett himself) as Bennett, Jeff Rawle as Dad and Gabrielle Lloyd as Mam.
# Ciliegine

Ciliegine can refer to
* The Italian film Cherry on the Cake
* The cherry-sized fresh mozzarella ball
# Helen David

Helen David is an English fashion designer and artist based in London, England.

## Early life and education

Helen David was born in Brighton, East Sussex, and moved to London shortly after completing her A-levels. She gained a first-class honours degree at Camberwell College of Arts, where she studied textiles and fine art print-making. She studied fashion as a post-graduate at Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design. During this time, became involved with the London Underground culture of the '80s and frequented places such as the Blitz Club, where the New Romantic styling that she is well known for was born.

## Career

In 1983, David founded the design label English Eccentrics along with her sister, Judy Purbeck, and fellow designer, Claire Angel. The label specialized in hand-printed and hand-embroidered evening wear and scarves. She participated in the "London Goes to Tokyo" event organized by Susanne Bartsch, a show intended to broaden the reach of British designers. She also designed hosiery for Sophie Mirman's "Sock Shop", under the English Eccentrics name.
In 2001 she took time away from the business to concentrate on art. "Friends and Icons" was her one-woman art exhibition, curated by Laura Parker-Bowles. David's fashion and textile work is part of permanent collections in the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Museum of London and the Art Institute of Chicago.

## Books

* McDermott, Catherine & David, Helen, (1994), "English Eccentrics The Textile Designs of Helen Littman", Phaidon, ISBN 1-85454-205-2
* Ed. by Breward, Christopher and Wood, Ghislaine, (2012) "British Design from 1948: Innovation in the Modern Age", V and A books, ISBN 978-1-85177-674-0
* Marnie Fogg, (2009), "1980s Fashion Print", Batsford, ISBN 978-1-906388-41-6
* John Sorrell, (2009) "Creative Island 2", Laurence King Publishing Ltd, ISBN 978-1-85669-626-5
* Richard Martin, (1989), "Fashion and Surrealism", Thames and Hudson, ISBN 0-500-27550-5
* Ed. by Sonnet Stanfill, (2013), "From Club to Catwalk – 80's Fashion", V&A Publishing, ISBN 978-1-851-77725-9
# Voodoo Planet

Voodoo Planet is a science fiction novel by American writer Andre Norton, first published in 1959 by Ace Books. This is a short novel that was usually published in a double-novel format. It is part of the Solar Queen series of novels.
The story involves two witch doctors who conjure up ghosts and demons against each other. Norton based the wizards’ magic on the use of mildly hallucinogenic drugs, psychological manipulation, and latent telepathy, which place the story within the realm of science fiction.

## Plot

On the hot, humid ocean world of Xecho Dane Thorson has just finished his part in preparing the Free Trader (i.e. tramp freighter) Solar Queen to begin her run on an interstellar mail route. While waiting for the ship they are to relieve on the route, Dane, Captain Jellico, and Medic Craig Tau are invited to visit Xecho’s sister planet, Khatka, by Chief Ranger Kort Asaki. A jungle world originally settled thousands of years before by native-African refugees from one of Earth’s atomic wars, Khatka is a safari world, essentially a giant hunting ground where big-game hunters come to try their skill against large, dangerous animals.
On Khatka the three starmen discover that Ranger Asaki is being undermined by a witch doctor named Lumbrilo. During a ceremony in which Lumbrilo has disguised himself as the local version of a lion, Medic Tau, who has studied magic on many worlds, conjures the image of an elephant, thereby earning Lumbrilo’s enmity.
On a visit to see Zoboru, a new, no-kill preserve, the three starmen, Ranger Asaki, and the flitter pilot are stranded in the jungle when their flitter crashes. The men must walk back to their base while avoiding encounters with Khatka’s dangerous fauna. One such encounter tells them that they are being tracked and herded by Lumbrilo.
In a deadly swamp the men come to a camp occupied by a small team of poachers. There Tau confronts Lumbrilo, turns his magic back on him, and sends him screaming into the jungle, thereby solving Ranger Asaki’s problem. Captain Jellico and his men then return to the Solar Queen for what they hope will be a nice quiet mail run.

## Sources

* Clute, John, “Norton, Andre”, The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, Eds. John Clute, David Langford, Peter Nicholls and Graham Sleight, Gollancz, 28 May 2016. <http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/norton_andre>.
* Tuck, Donald H. (1974). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. Chicago: Advent. pg. 332. ISBN 0-911682-20-1.
# Effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere

Effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere is the estimated thickness of the elastic plate to substitute for lithosphere in order to investigate observed deformation. It is also presented as T$_e$ (effective or equivalent).

## Effective elastic thickness of the oceanic lithosphere

T$_e$ is largely dependent on the thermal structure of the lithosphere, its thickness and the coupling of crust with mantle. For the oceanic lithosphere with coupled crust and mantle, T$_e$ is usually taken to the base of the mechanical lithosphere (isotherm of 500 - 600 °C). This way it is also age dependent, as gradually thickens moving off the oceanic ridge.

## Effective elastic thickness of the continental lithosphere

For the continental lithosphere more aspects are taken under consideration, thermal age is only the estimate for slowly cooling cratonic areas, where mantle is involved and T$_e$ reaches large values. Similar conditions are expected also on terrestrial planets. If the crust is decoupled from mantle, value follows the average crustal thickness. Topography load is also important factor, significantly lowering the value of T$_e$.

## Methods of determination

Methods for T$_e$ determination on continents are mostly based on thermal and rheological approach, but also on comparison of gravity anomalies and topography. For thermally young areas Te is about 20-30 km, for older 40-50 km, cratons can reach more than 100 km. Determination of the effective elastic thickness is important for Earth's surface deformation studies, warp tectonics, glacial isostatic rebound and sea-level changes.
# Chalangwa

Chalangwa is an administrative ward in the Chunya district of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 8,831 people in the ward, from 8,013 in 2012.$^{:96}$$^{:112}$

## Villages / vitongoji

The ward has 3 villages and 14 vitongoji.
* Chalangwa
** Chalangwa A
** Chalangwa B
** Chalangwa C
** Chemichemi
** Wazenga A
** Wazenga B
* Itumba
** Itumba
** Kanjilinji
** Njiapanda
** Simbalivu
* Isewe
** Isewe
** Izumbi
** Mbilwa
** Mbinga