OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cotoneaster lacteus

Cotoneaster lacteus, the late cotoneaster or milkflower cotoneaster, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Cotoneaster of the family Rosaceae, native to the Yunnan Province of China. It is a large evergreen shrub growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall and wide. Clusters of white flowers are followed by masses of small, globose, red fruits (pomes) in autumn. Unusually for this genus, the fruits are avoided by birds, hence garden escapes are rare, and the fruit persists on the plant throughout the winter.
The Latin specific epithet lacteus refers to the milk-white flowers.
Cotoneaster lacteus may be grown as a hedge. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Valea Luncii River

Valea Luncii River may refer to:
* Valea Luncii, a tributary of the Beiușele in Bihor County, Romania
* Valea Luncii, a tributary of the Dâmbovița in Argeș County, Romania
# Hypoproxynops

Hypoproxynops is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Hypoproxynops rufiventris Townsend, 1927

## Distribution

Brazil.
# Dave Taylor (trombonist)

Dave Taylor (born June 6, 1944) is an American bass trombonist.

## Early life and education

David Michael Taylor was born on June 6, 1944, in New York City. Taylor learned to play trumpet, tuba, and trombone in his youth, and while attending the Juilliard School picked up bass trombone, which became his primary instrument. He graduated with a master's degree from Juilliard in 1968.

## Career

Taylor was a trombonist in the American Symphony Orchestra in the late 1960s under the direction of Leopold Stokowski and began playing as a studio musician during this time. In jazz, he worked with the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra, Chuck Israels, George Russell, and Larry Elgart in the 1970s, and in the 1980s he worked with George Gruntz, Bob Mintzer, Ray Anderson, Jim Pugh, Gil Evans and Duke Ellington in his album New Orleans Suite. He began teaching at the Manhattan School of Music in 1989 and the Mannes School of Music in 1991. Taylor worked in the 1990s with Frank Lacy, Paul Smoker, John Clark, Daniel Schnyder, and Kenny Drew Jr. He has also played in formal music idioms, including a 1984 recital at Carnegie Hall and with the Chamber Orchestra of New York and the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center.

## Discography
### As leader

* The Pugh-Taylor Project with Jim Pugh (DMP, 1984)
* Bass Trombone (Triple Letter Brand, 1985)
* Past Tells (New World, 1993)
* Doppelganger (CIMP, 2002)
* Hymns, Hums, Hiss and Herz (PAO, 2004)
* Morning Moon (CIMP, 2004)
* Not Just... (CIMP, 2005)
* Red Sea (Tzadik, 2009)
With Manhattan Jazz Orchestra
* Moanin (Paddle Wheel, 1989)
* Les Liaisons Dangereuses (Sweet Basil, 1992)
* A Night in Tunisia (Sweet Basil, 1993)
* Get It On (Sweet Basil, 1995)
* Paint It Black (Sweet Basil, 1996)
* Black Magic Woman (Sweet Basil, 1997)
* Hey Duke! (Videoarts Music, 1999)
* Some Skunk Funk (Videoarts Music, 2002)
* Birdland (Videoarts Music, 2004)
* Swing, Swing, Swing (Videoarts Music, 2006)
# Kurt Boese

Kurt Boese (4 November 1929 – 21 September 2021) was a Canadian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle welterweight at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Dara P. Antia

Dara Pirojshaw Antia (1914-1999), was a metallurgical engineer, researcher and business executive, who founded the Indian Institute of Metals. Antia was born into a Parsi family in Bulsar and was the seventh child in a family of nine children. Antia obtained a bachelor's degree in science from the Banaras Hindu University and a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and was also an alumnus of the Advanced Management Programme at Harvard Business School. He was named by the Government of India as Director of Metals from 1946-50, during which period he founded the Indian Institute of Metals. Antia also co-founded the Journal of Alloy Phase Diagrams and Journal of Phase Equilibria, and was a recipient of the Henry Marion Howe Medal, awarded by the American Society for Metals, in 1945. Antia later served as deputy managing director of Union Carbide and played an important role in its expansion across India. Antia was also a Ranji Trophy cricketer and a member of the All India Council for Technical Education.
The Indian Institute of Metals has instituted an annual lecture in Antia's memory. President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, delivering the first lecture in 2006, described Antia as having made an "outstanding contribution to the development of metallurgy in India" and for having "promoted the design, development of many new strategically important alloys".
# Cung

Cung may refer to:
* Cung Le
* Cung language
# Dassa Department

Dassa is a department or commune of Sanguié Province in central Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Dassa.
# Thamir Stadium

Thamir Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Al Salmiya, Kuwait. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Al Salmiya Club. The stadium holds 16,105 people.
# Clibanarius fonticola

Clibanarius fonticola is a species of hermit crab from Vanuatu. It lives exclusively in fresh water, the only hermit crab in the world to do so. While a number of other hermit crabs are terrestrial or live in estuarine habitats, and certain brackish water species can tolerate low salinity levels for a time, no other hermit crab spends its entire life in fresh water; the only other fully freshwater anomurans are the South American aeglids.
Clibanarius fonticola lives on the island of Espiritu Santo, in a pool fed by springs near the village of Matevulu, close to an abandoned airstrip. Adults of this species all use shells of Clithon corona.
# Valea Lupului

Valea Lupului is a commune in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. The commune is composed of a single village, Valea Lupului. It is part of the Iași metropolitan area.
The settlement is located to the north-west of Iași, on the left bank of Bahlui river. The national road DN28 Iași - Roman is at the southern limit.
# Thiosarin

Thiosarin, sulfursarin or GBS, is the organophosphorus compound analogous to sarin. It differs structurally in that sulfur replaces the oxygen of the P=O bond. It is an extremely toxic substance related to G-agents.

## Characteristics

For thiosarin, unlike sarin, the literature contains little information. It is reported as a colorless liquid with a characteristic organosulfur odor when pure. It is estimated to have a boiling point of 144-167 °C. It is a more nonpolar compound, with a solubility in water of 7 g/L. Thiosarin probably belongs to the IVA compound series, leaving it much less volatile than sarin. It has a greater persistence in the environment than sarin.
Absorption frequencies of sarin derivatives showed that the frequency of stretching of the P-F and P=S bond of thiosarin is lower than that of its oxygenated analogue.

## CW history and candidate

Its toxicity was discovered in the 1970s by Friedrick Wilhelm Hoffmann and Ray King Irino. They were responsible for synthesizing and analyzing a series of sulfur G-agent compounds. The open literature reports that the compound has been cataloged as GS, but this statement is incorrect, it belongs to EA-1246. GS agents are a series of G compounds. GBS is generally lower than sarin. The little open military literature may be due to the low toxicity of this series of compounds.
The possibility of a chemical warfare agent candidate was raised when Bogomazov and his colleagues discovered that thiosarin had the ability to break through military gas mask filters, where it would then be converted to its analogue.$^{:115}$ An investigation by Vil Mirzayanov refuted these results.$^{:118}$
Thiosarin is used as a precursor to sarin.

## Synthesis

The preparation route is quite similar to that of sarin. The synthesis routes of thiosarin are manifold.
Regardless of the synthesis route chosen, the final reaction is usually the reaction of isopropyl methylthiophosphonochloridate with fluorides.

## Reactions

Thiosarin has a tendency to convert to the all oxygen analogue by divers mechanisms.. In anhydrous medium, thiosarin is oxidized to form GB.
In the controlated aqueous medium, without the presence of oxygen, the tendency is to evolve hydrogen sulfide.

## Sarin-S

Along with the discovery of the high toxicity of this series of compounds, Hoffmann discovered that the S-alkyl isomers, unlike the alkyl alkylphosphonothiol compounds, were less toxic than the G(S) agents.
# Kurt Boeck

Kurt Karl Alexander Oscar Boeck (10 June 1855 – 4 October 1933) was a German actor and mountaineer who travelled across South Asia in the 1890s, photographed, and wrote on his experiences.
Boeck was born in Antonienhütte where his father was a steel mill owner. He studied philosophy and science while also performing at the Berlin National Theater. He took part in a lead role in "Holbach" directed by Theodor Döring which was well received leading to his being offered a position by Bernhard Pollini. He however decided to return to try and complete his chemistry studies in Göttingen. He received a doctorate in 1879 for his thesis on disulfonic acid of anthracene. He then trained in acting under Karl Gustav Berndal and Heinrich Oberländer at the Dresden court theater. He grew in stature after the retirement of Carl Ferdinand Koberstein and became a teacher in the performing arts at the Royal Conservatory in Dresden in 1884. He moved to Kassel the next year and in 1887 he took up an offer to join on an expedition to Persia and the Caucasus. He travelled to the Himalayas on his own in 1890 along with Tyrol glacier guide Hans Kerner. He took photographs and collected artefacts and specimens of natural history for various German museums. In 1888 he started a photo studio in Rostock. He made several trip to India in 1893, 1895, and 1898–99 and began to give lectures on his travels and write books.
# Dara O'Rourke

Dara O'Rourke is an environmental scientist, information scientist and professor at the University of California, Berkeley where he holds an appointment in the Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management. He is also the founder of GoodGuide, an online consumer tool for retrieving information about the supply chain of consumer products such as toys, food, and detergents. Prior to teaching at Berkeley, O'Rourke taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
# Dassamkandé

Dassamkandé is a town in the Gaongo Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,303.
# Infrared Space Systems Directorate

The United States Air Force's Infrared Space Systems Directorate is located at Los Angeles Air Force Base.
Current and former designations:
* Infrared Space Systems Directorate (2011–present)
* Space-Based Infrared Systems Wing (197?-2011)
# The Academic High School in Toruń

The Academic High School in Toruń (Polish: Uniwersyteckie Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Toruniu, ULO) is a public high school located in Toruń, Poland and founded on January 21, 1998. The high school is supervised by Nicolaus Copernicus University and some of the classes are conducted by the university's lecturers. It is the first high school in Poland especially created for outstanding students. It is one of the best and most prestigious high schools in Poland.

## History

The Academic High School was established in 1998 by Nicolaus Copernicus University, but its tradition refers to Schola Thoruniensis (turned into the Academic Gymnasium in Toruń) founded in the 16th century as well as to the Jan and Jędrzej Śniadecki High School established by the Vilnius University in the interwar period. Polish politician and economist Sławomir Mentzen graduated from this school in 2004.

## Ranking

Perspektywy's Ranking of High Schools in Poland :
| Year | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Toruń | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
# Euepalpodes

Euepalpodes is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Euepalpodes arcuatus Townsend, 1915

## Distribution

Peru
# Berg, Lower Austria

Berg is a town in the district of Bruck an der Leitha in Lower Austria in Austria. It, along with neighboring Wolfsthal were part of the municipality of Wolfsthal-Berg until 1996.
There is a border crossing into Slovakia, with the Bratislava suburb of Petržalka across the border. Since December 21, 2007, no more checks are conducted at the crossing with Slovakia joining the Schengen Area.

## Geography

Berg lies in the foothills of the Hundsheimer mountains, at the foot of the Königswarte (344 m).
# Thioscelis directrix

Thioscelis directrix is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1909. It is found in Peru, Bolivia and Costa Rica.
The wingspan is 62–63 mm. The forewings are light fuscous, paler and whitish tinged towards the costa anteriorly and with the costal edge ochreous brown. There are some ill-defined small blackish dots towards the costa on the median third, and two or three somewhat larger before the apex of the wing, a subterminal series of several very undefined blackish dots on the costal half of the wing and a series of undefined blackish dots or marks along the termen. The hindwings are light or rather dark fuscous, more or less yellow tinged towards the costa posteriorly.
# The Play is the Plot

The Play is the Plot is a 1718 comedy play by the British writer John Durant Breval.
Originally staged at the Drury Lane Theatre the cast featured Benjamin Johnson as Sir Barnaby Bindover, Thomas Walker as Captain Carbine, William Pinkethman as Colonel Ringwood, Henry Norris as Buskin, William Bowen as Truncheon, Colley Cibber as Peter Pirate, James Oates as Jeremy, Joe Miller as Machone, Margaret Saunders as Prudentia and Susanna Mountfort as Fidelia.
In 1723 Breval rewrote his work as an afterpiece retitled The Strollers which enjoyed considerable success.
# Intrigo: Samaria

Intrigo: Samaria is a 2019 German-Swedish-American mystery crime drama film directed by Daniel Alfredson and starring Phoebe Fox, Andrew Buchan and Jeff Fahey. It is the third of a trilogy preceded by Intrigo: Death of an Author (2018) and Intrigo: Dear Agnes (2019).

## Plot

While cycling late night, 19-year-old Vera Kall arrives at a farm. She leaves her bike and sneaks quietly in through a kitchen door. She hadn't had time to realize that she is not alone, when a sudden blow to the head knocks her onto the kitchen floor where she is left lying. Meanwhile, a successful copywriter at Antwerp, Henry, is approached by Paula, a documentarian, with whom, upon talking, revealed that she once studied with Vera. Her task is to make a film about Vera Kall, and she wants Henry's help in writing a script for it, while she will travel to Münster and start filming. At the same time, Vera's father, Jakob, is convicted in her murder and sent to prison. Paula and Henry team up to unravel the truth and why and where Vera's body disappeared, while at the same time try to hide the whereabouts.

## Cast

* Phoebe Fox as Paula
* Andrew Buchan as Henry
* Millie Brady as Vera
* Jeff Fahey as Jacob
* Jack Brett Anderson as Fritz Neller
* Dan Cade as John
* Cal MacAninch as Erich Neumann-Hansen
* Tracy Wiles as Monica Kall
* Ann Firbank as Irma Kuentzer
* Skye Hallam as Claire Meitens
* Tor Clark as Doris
* Angela Kostic as Beatrice Motte
* Nick Wilton as Harry Fletcher
* Luka Peroš as client
* Dan Cade as John
* Katerina Tana as Elisa
* Josephine Butler as Susanne Liebermann
* Bob Goody as Kruggel
* Nenad Pavlovic as Kellerman
* Jovan Gulan as Pieter Vogel
* Marko Gvero as cleaner
* Michael Moreland as estate agent
* William Dugdale as Stephan
* Jaka Petric as Bernt Staaf
* Gasper Duhovnik as Kim Larsen
* Jaka Dolinar as Chris von Hausswolf
* Danijel Simon as Tom Kusoffsky

## Reception

Jeffrey M. Anderson of Common Sense Media awarded the film two stars out of five.
# Curium(IV) fluoride

Curium(IV) fluoride is an inorganic chemical compound, a salt of curium and fluorine with the chemical formula CmF$_4$.

## Synthesis

It is reported that the compound can be prepared by fluorination of CmF$_3$ with elemental fluorine at 400 °C.
       2CmF$_3$ + F$_2$ → 2CmF$_4$

## Physical properties

The compound forms brownish-tan solid composed of Cm$^{4+}$ and F$^−$ ions. It has a monoclinic crystal structure of the space group C$_{2/c}$ (No. 15), and lattice parameters a = 1250 pm, b = 1049 pm, and c = 818 pm. It has the same crystal structure as that of UF$_4$.
# Darwin's Cathedral

Darwin's Cathedral: Evolution, Religion, and the Nature of Society (ISBN 9780226901350) is a 2002 book by David Sloan Wilson which proposes that religion is a multi-level adaptation—i.e., a product of cultural evolution developed through multi-level selection.

## Summary of the book

Wilson posits that religions are adaptive systems that have evolved to enhance their adherents' survival and reproductive success. He draws parallels between religious practices and biological traits, suggesting that religious behaviors can be understood as mechanisms that promote group cooperation and cohesion.
The book applies multilevel selection theory (a theory developed by Wilson), which considers the evolutionary impact of selection operating at various levels (e.g., genes – on the biological level, individuals, and groups). Wilson argues that religious groups, which often promote altruistic behavior among members, can be seen as units of selection in their own right.
Wilson examines several case studies of religious traditions and communities, including Calvinism in Geneva, Balinese water temples, and the early Christian church. These case studies illustrate how religious beliefs and practices have contributed to the success and longevity of these groups by fostering cooperation and group solidarity. The book highlights the role of religion in creating a sense of belonging and shared identity among members. Religious rituals and moral codes are seen as tools for maintaining social order and reducing conflict within groups. Wilson challenges the secularization theory, which predicts a decline in religious influence in modern societies. He argues that the adaptive benefits of religion ensure its persistence, even in secular contexts.
Therefore, Wilson’s evolutionary approach has implications on contemporary social issues. Wilson suggests that understanding the adaptive functions of religion can inform policy-making and strategies for addressing social challenges.

## Reception

The Journal of the American Academy of Religion called it "a welcome book because it unsettles everybody, evolutionary biologist and religious believer alike". Jared Diamond in the New York Review of Books called it a "thought-provoking book" which "will stimulate each reader to examine his or her personal view of religion's future".
# Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

The Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion (DG EMPL) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. It was formerly known as the Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities.
The Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion has the task of contributing to the development of a modern, innovative and sustainable European social model with more and better jobs in an inclusive society based on equal opportunities.

## Structure

The Directorate-General is organised into 8 directorates:
* Directorate A: European Pillar of Social Rights and Strategy
* Directorate B: Jobs and Skills
* Directorate C: Working Conditions and Social Dialogue
* Directorate D: Social Rights and Inclusion
* Directorate E: Labour Mobility and International Affairs
* Directorate F: Employment and Social Governance & Analysis
* Directorate G: Funds Programming and Implementation
* DAC: Joint Audit Directorate for Cohesion

## Buying Social

DG EMPL commissioned a report published in 2010 entitled "Buying Social", which provided guidance on how to take "social considerations" into account within the EU and its Member States' public procurement processes. The guide provides a "non-exhaustive list" of potential social considerations which contracting authorities might refer to in their procurement processes, including employment opportunities for groups who struggle in the labour market, the "decent work" agenda and ethical trade. A second edition was published in 2021, updated to reflect changes in the legal context of public procurement following the adoption of the revised Directive on Public Procurement in 2014, and now adding references to green and circular public procurement. The Public Procurement Unit, GROW.C.2 within the Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, led on the revised publication.
# Barefoot Contessa (band)

Barefoot Contessa were a UK indie band active in the late 1990s. Their music was blues-tinged country, a style which would later become known as Americana.
The band formed in London in 1994 after Helene Dineen and Graham Gargiulo met at a PJ Harvey concert.
Early in their career they received UK-wide radio airplay on BBC Radio 1 courtesy of Mark Radcliffe for whom they recorded a couple of live sessions in 1995 and 1996. In 1997 they performed live on BBC Radio 4's Kaleidoscope.
They disbanded after the release of their fourth studio album, however, in 2002, several members of Barefoot Contessa formed a new band named Helene. Singer Helene Dineen later explained the significance of the change of name, saying "there was a shift in the musical direction at that time. It seemed right to acknowledge it and start afresh".

## Discography

Barefoot Contessa released four albums, one EP and one single.

### Studio albums

* Barefoot Contessa (1995)
* You Can't Go Home Again (1996)
* Blues for a Honey (1999)
* Oh, the Sweet Power! (2000)

### Singles & EPs

* To Be Continued (Definitive Version) (1995)
* Happy Together EP (1997)