OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# State Council of Traditional Rulers and Chiefs

A state council of traditional rulers and chiefs, also known as a state council of obas in Yoruba language-majority states, refers to any Nigerian state government run body of traditional rulers and chiefs. It is usually headed by a ranking traditional ruler, although the sitting governor of the state retains the right to approve or veto any binding measure taken by the body. State councils, however, are often courted by candidates for state or national offices or by sitting incumbents, usually for the purpose of endorsement.
State councils are typically governed by laws issued by their state. Thus Abia State has a formal process for recognizing traditional rulers of each autonomous community and for selecting from these the members of the Council of Chiefs. The council has limited powers, and is subject to state government control. In November 2000, the Chairman of the Enugu State Traditional Rulers Council celebrated the silver jubilee anniversary of his accession to his throne. Three days later the state government dissolved the traditional rulers' council and a month later withdrew his certificate of recognition as a traditional ruler.
# Collinsia heterophylla

Collinsia heterophylla, known as purple Chinese houses or innocence, is a flowering plant native to California and the Peninsular Ranges in northern Baja California.

## Description

Collinsia heterophylla is an annual plant growing in shady places, 10–50 centimetres (4–20 in) in height. It can be found in most of California (other than desert regions) below about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft).
It blooms from mid spring to early summer. Like other species in the genus Collinsia, which also includes the blue-eyed Marys, it gets its name from its towers of inflorescences of decreasing diameter, which give the plants in full flower a certain resemblance to a pagoda.
Dried in air, the seeds weigh about 1 mg each.

### Varieties

* Collinsia heterophylla var. austromontana
* Collinsia heterophylla var. heterophylla

## Taxonomy

The species was first described as Collinsia bicolor by George Bentham in 1835, but this name proved to be a later homonym of Collinsia bicolor Raf. (described in 1824), necessitating the name change to C. heterophylla. Despite this, the name C. bicolor is still sometimes used in references.

## Gallery

* Collinsia heterophylla is also known by the common name Chinese Houses.
* Pressed and dried Collinsia heterophylla in an herbarium.
* Collinsia heterophylla blossoms on a stalk.
# Level 2

Level 2 or Level II may refer to:

## Technology

* level 2 cache, a type of cache computer memory
* Level 2, a level of automation in a self-driving car (see Autonomous car#Classification)
* A NASDAQ price quotation service
* Level II, the full and raw dataset from the U.S. National Weather Service's WSR-88D weather radar
* Level 2, one of the levels in system support
* Biosafety level 2, a laboratory grade
* Level 2 market data

## Music

* Level II (Eru album), 2006
* Level II (Blackstreet album), 2003
* Level 2 (Last Chance to Reason album), 2011
* Level 2 (Animal X album), 2001

## Other

* Level II, a skatepark located in the upstairs of the Dee Stadium in Houghton, Michigan
* "Level Two" (Arrow), an episode of Arrow
* Level 2 coronavirus restrictions, see COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland#Levels System
* STANAG 4569 protection level
# Linder Peak

Linder Peak (79°52′S 83°12′W﻿ / ﻿79.867°S 83.200°W﻿ / -79.867; -83.200) is a somewhat lower, but very imposing peak standing immediately south of Mount Dolence in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos from 1961 to 1966, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Harold W. Linder, a geophysicist with the United States Antarctic Research Program Ross Ice Shelf party of 1961–62.
# Benton Castle

Benton Castle is a small fortification in the community of Burton, Pembrokeshire, Wales, now in use as a private house, in a wooded area overlooking the Cleddau river.

## History

The castle was probably built in the 13th century, one of a number of castles protecting the boundaries of the ancient Hundred of Rhos. It consists of two round towers of differing heights flanking the main entrance, with a courtyard behind. It is claimed to be the smallest enclosure castle in Britain. Its origins are obscure, but in the 14th century it was held by Thomas de Roche, Lord of Llangwm. A 1583 map of Pembrokeshire shows the castle on the west bank of the Eastern Cleddau (Clethy), and George Owen mentions it in 1603. The waterway was busy until recent times.
The castle is said to have been held and damaged in the Civil War, falling into ruin thereafter.$^{:348}$
Richard Fenton, in his 1811 Historical Tour, says:
   The castle is built nearly on the same model as Roch, but with fewer decorations within. The main tower is almost circular, the upper part ending in a highly-finished octagon; from the existing fragments there seems to have been much building annexed to the tower on the north-east side.
Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of 1844 says:
   Among the most interesting objects in the vicinity are the remains of Burton (sic) castle, on the western shore of the haven, probably erected by some of the Normans, as a border fortress for the protection of the territory which they had acquired on this part of the coast. It does not appear to have been originally of very great extent; and the present ruins, which, from their situation on the margin of an estuary of Milford haven, have a truly picturesque appearance, consist principally of a lofty round tower, which rising above the thriving plantations in the vicinity, forms a conspicuous feature in the landscape.
In 1888, Edward Laws describes the castle as one of a chain protecting south Pembrokeshire, especially Milford Haven, from invasion in the 12th and 13th centuries:
   A mere round tower surrounded by an octagonal battlement probably of later date. This tower was originally divided into three stories, but as the floors were of wood they have disappeared. There seem to have been no fire-places nor are there any remains of stairs, so that the various chambers must have been approached by a ladder. The tower could not have been much more than a look-out, and place of refuge in times of extreme danger for the detachment of troops who dwelt in a plot of ground which surrounded the castle, and was in its turn surrounded by earthworks.$^{:173}$

### Renovation

The ruins were stabilised in the early 20th century, and it remained uninhabited until 1930, after which date it was renovated. The courtyard was roofed by 1954, and the building was sold in the 1960s and further restored. The castle is whitewashed and has been Grade II* listed "for its historic interest and rarity as a restored small medieval castle".
# Dale Park

Dale Park was an English country house in Madehurst, West Sussex.

## History

In 1780, Sir George Thomas, 3rd Baronet created Dale Park near Madehurst by buying up separate pieces of land and joining them together into a 300-acre (120 ha) estate. He married Sophia Montagu, daughter of Admiral John Montagu and Sophia Wroughton, on 20 December 1782. The lived in Madehurst Lodge during the 1780s whilst their new house was constructed by the architect Joseph Bonomi. The house is thought to have still been under construction in 1791.
John Smith, MP for Wendover, bought the estate in 1825. He died there on 20 January 1842, He was succeeded by his son John Abel Smith, who subsequently became a financier and politician. In 1848, the house was sold to James Hamilton, Marquis of Abercorn. The Smith family continued to own land on the estate through the 19th century. In 1860, the house was sold to John Charles Fletcher. He died on 9 March 1875 and the estate was inherited by his son, Charles John Fletcher, who lived at Dale Park until at least 1914.
The house was also the birthplace of the writer Theodora Elizabeth Lynch in 1813. She was the daughter of Mary Ann and Arthur Foulks. Foulks owned 400 slaves and a sugar plantation in Jamaica.
Madehurst Cricket Club was formed in 1923, with its headquarters at Dale Park. The club disbanded after the house was demolished.
* Madehurst Cricket Club https://www.madehurstcricketclub.org/ still running today.
By the 1930s, Dale Park was in financial difficulty. The estate was bought by J H & F W Green Ltd in 1958. Although consideration had been given to listing the property, the local council did not object to its demolition. This took place around 1960.
# Ujari

Ujari is a small village located in Arochukwu, Abia State, Nigeria. The Okoroji House Museum is located there and its postal code is 442101.
# Atoroidal

In mathematics, an atoroidal 3-manifold is one that does not contain an essential torus. There are two major variations in this terminology: an essential torus may be defined geometrically, as an embedded, non-boundary parallel, incompressible torus, or it may be defined algebraically, as a subgroup $\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z}$ of its fundamental group that is not conjugate to a peripheral subgroup (i.e., the image of the map on fundamental group induced by an inclusion of a boundary component). The terminology is not standardized, and different authors require atoroidal 3-manifolds to satisfy certain additional restrictions. For instance:
* Boris Apanasov (2000) gives a definition of atoroidality that combines both geometric and algebraic aspects, in terms of maps from a torus to the manifold and the induced maps on the fundamental group. He then notes that for irreducible boundary-incompressible 3-manifolds this gives the algebraic definition.
* Jean-Pierre Otal (2001) uses the algebraic definition without additional restrictions.
* Bennett Chow (2007) uses the geometric definition, restricted to irreducible manifolds.
* Michael Kapovich (2009) requires the algebraic variant of atoroidal manifolds (which he calls simply atoroidal) to avoid being one of three kinds of fiber bundle. He makes the same restriction on geometrically atoroidal manifolds (which he calls topologically atoroidal) and in addition requires them to avoid incompressible boundary-parallel embedded Klein bottles. With these definitions, the two kinds of atoroidality are equivalent except on certain Seifert manifolds.
A 3-manifold that is not atoroidal is called toroidal.
# David Williams (producer)

David L. Williams, sometimes referred to by his initials, DLW, is an American producer and ADR director (and, occasionally, a voice actor) that has been with ADV Films from the beginning when his living room was used as a production facility for their first show, Devil Hunter Yohko. He left ADV in March 2008 and has since worked at Sentai Filmworks and Seraphim Digital.
David regularly makes appearances at anime conventions as a representative of ADV. When asked questions about future productions, he often replies with his trademark phrase, "I can neither confirm nor deny".

## Production credits
### ADR Director

* All Purpose Cultural Catgirl Nuku Nuku (co-directed with Janice Williams)
* Angelic Layer
* Aquarian Age: Sign for Evolution
* Clannad (co-directed with Janice Williams)
* Clannad After Story (co-directed with Janice Williams)
* D.N.Angel
* Dirty Pair (OVAs only)
* Dirty Pair: Project Eden
* Najica Blitz Tactics
* Pretear
* The Super Dimension Fortress Macross (co-directed with Matt Greenfield and Jin Ho Chung)
* Ushio & Tora (OVA)
# Limeckebach

Limeckebach is a small river of Hesse, Germany. It flows into the Mühlenwasser in Wolfhagen.
# Collared falconet

The collared falconet (Microhierax caerulescens) is a species of bird of prey in the family Falconidae.
It is found in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, ranging across Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Its natural habitat is temperate forest, often on the edges of broadleaf forest.
It is 18 cm (7.1 in) long. Rapid wingbeats are interspersed with long glides. When perched, it is described as being "rather shrikelike".

## Taxonomy and systematics

The first description by a European ornithologist was published by George Edwards in 1750, as "the little black and orange colour'd Indian hawk". It was from a specimen that had been collected in Bengal and sent to the king's physician, Richard Mead. In 1758 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used the illustration and description by Edwards to formally describe the species under the binomial name Falco cærulescens. In 1760 the French naturalist Mathurin Jacques Brisson also used Edwards' publication to describe le Faucon de Bengale. Although the white collar was not mentioned, the English ornithologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe believed that this was the collared falconet. Richard Bowdler Sharpe introduced the genus Microhierax in 1874, from the Greek μικρόσ ἱεραξ meaning "tiny hawk".

## Description

The collared falconet is a very small falcon, shrike-like in shape, mainly pied and having bold white supercilia and collar, with relatively heavy double-toothed bill. It has shortish wings, a medium-length tail, strong half-feathered legs, and powerful feet. It perches conspicuously on top or edge of tree or bush, often on dead twig, frequently bobbing head and slowly moving tail up and down; wing-tips less than half down tail. Sexes are similar.

## Distribution

Mainland southeast Asia: Himalayan foothills of north India (northern Uttar Pradesh northwest to Kumaun, and Sikkim, Bengal, mainly northern Assam) and of Nepal and Bhutan, and from Burma (central and east, south to Tenasserim), Thailand (northwest and west, but not peninsular, also in strip east of central plains), Laos (central and south), Cambodia (especially north), and Vietnam.

## Habitat

Open deciduous forest, clearings and edges in evergreen forest, abandoned hill cultivation with some trees; often near water. Mostly 200–800 m (660–2,620 ft), fairly regularly to 1,700 m (5,600 ft).
# Chongqing Road Engineering Group

Chongqing Road Engineering Group (commonly abbreviated as Yulu Group or CREG) (Chinese: 重庆市公路工程集团,渝路集团) is one of the largest individually owned construction groups in the western China region. The company's headquarters is in Yubei District of Chongqing, a provincial-level municipality of the People's Republic of China.

## Overview

CREG specializes as a construction supplier in road constructing and public works. The group is also qualified for transportation, bridges and tunnels, roadbeds, pavements, ports, residence buildings, express way, municipal projects, post-disaster reconstruction, industrial parks, etc. It is the only construction group in Chongqing that has obtained the certificate of contracting oversea projects and dispatching labor to other countries.
The Group consists of several exclusive-owned or shareholding subsidiaries as follows: infrastructure investment, bituminous concrete, pavement materials, central laboratory, real estate development and tourism. Its registered capital of 130 million RMB, total assets over 1,000 million RMB and output value over 2,000 million RMB each year, with more than five hundreds of various large project machines and special transport vehicles.

## Board chairman

Mr Wei Lu, the board chairman of Chongqing Road Engineering Group, is a deputy to the National People's Congress of Chongqing.

## International activities

More than 30 years after its establishment, the Group has engaged in the construction of tens of expressways, the reconstruction and expansion of highways extending hundreds of miles in Chongqing and Sichuan Province. In addition, the Group has also undertaken construction projects of bridges, ports, dykes, houses and skyscrapers. In 2003 the group obtained the certificate of contracting overseas projects and dispatching labor. In 2004, the Group went out of China and undertook the National Road Construction in Uganda successfully. In 2007, the Group won the 3,000 Housing project of the central government of Gabon. Now the group is exploring markets in Sudan, Pakistan, Cameroon, and Dubai.

## Achievements

In 2008, the Group constructed the Mianyang to Beichuan Highway. It is an important post disaster reconstruction project after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake and directly funded by Central Government in Beijing. Both CPC General Secretary Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao inspected and visited the project during the construction and after its completion.

## List of some projects

CREG has been involved in the following projects:
* Chongqing Inner Ring Expressway
* Chongqing Outer Ring Expressway
* Chongqing Inner Ring Expressway Nanshan Flyover
* Chongqing Outer Ring Expressway Zhaizipo Flyover
* Tibet Dangna Highway
* Yuxiang (Chongqing to Hunan) Expressway
* Chongqing Caotong Bridge (World Bank Project)
* Mianyang to Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County Highway (Post disaster reconstruction)
* State Expressway 108
* Uganda National Expressway 07
* Uganda National Expressway 08
* Chengyu Chengdu (from Chengdu to Chongqing)]
* Chengdu Shuangliu Nanbei Avenue
* Chengdu Longquanyi Nanbei Avenue
# Church of the Immaculate Conception (Rapid City, South Dakota)

The Church of the Immaculate Conception (also Old Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception) is a historic building located in Rapid City, South Dakota, United States. Built as a parish church, it became the cathedral of the Diocese of Rapid City when the seat of the diocese was moved to Rapid City. It is now known as the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception.

## History

St. Mary's Church was established in 1881. The cornerstone for its sandstone church building, designed in the Romanesque Revival style, was laid in 1909. It was dedicated in 1911. The Catholic Diocese of Lead was relocated and became the Diocese of Rapid City in 1930. St. Mary's Church was renamed the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception at that time. Cardinal Francis Spellman came to the cathedral in 1948 to install William McCarty, C.Ss.R as the new bishop of the diocese.
The parish soon outgrew the church and it was replaced by the Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in 1962. The church was added to the National Register in 1975. In time Immaculate Conception became a chapel and has housed a community where Mass is celebrated in Latin since 1992.

## Architecture

The church building follows basically a rectangular plan with a cross-gabled section in the center of the structure. Both side gables are flanked by chimneys and are capped with a cross. The stone cladding was quarried locally. A square central tower capped with a pyramid-shaped spire covered with terneplate is located on the main facade. It includes the main entrance with a round-arch stained glass window above the three-panel doors. The round-arch openings in the bell chamber feature a balustrade. Round-arch windows filled with stained glass line the side elevations. The three windows in the cross-gabled section are taller than the four windows that flank it. Most of the windows are composed of geometric designs. The two largest windows depict Biblical scenes. All the window openings are capped by radiating voussoirs. The apse, constructed of vertical board on the rear elevation, is a later addition.
Immaculate Conception is considered significant as the best example of the Romanesque Revival style in Rapid City, and one of only a few of this style that still exists there. It is the last known cut stone building constructed in the city, and one of two buildings with rock-faced facades that remain.
# Bengt Larsson

Bengt Larsson (27 January 1927 – 4 June 2010) was a Swedish ice hockey player. Larsson was part of the Djurgården Swedish champions' team of 1950, 1955, and 1958. Larsson died in Stockholm on 4 June 2010, at the age of 83.
# The Eyes (film)

The Eyes is a 2016 American crime drama film directed by Robbie Bryan, starring Nicholas Turturro, Vincent Pastore, Megan West, Ana Isabelle, Greg Davis Jr., Steven Hauck and Daniel Flaherty.

## Cast

* Nicholas Turturro as Charlie
* Vincent Pastore as Harry
* Megan West as Jaclyn
* Ana Isabelle as Victoria
* Greg Davis Jr. as Robby
* Steven Hauck as Arnold
* Daniel Flaherty as Jeffrey
* Carly Steel as Cynthia

## Release

The film was released on 7 April 2017.

## Reception

Noel Murray of the Los Angeles Times wrote that nearly the entire film consists of "overwritten, overacted, visually inert confrontations and monologues."
The Hollywood Reporter wrote that the film sometimes feels like a "master class in bad acting" and "would be a dud even if its format hadn't been so overused recently."
# Udaya Ranawaka

Prof Udaya Ranawaka (also known as Udaya K. Ranawaka) is a Senior Consultant Neurologist to the North Colombo Teaching Hospital(NCTH), Ragama, and Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya,

## Early life and education

Ranawaka was educated at Nalanda College, Colombo.
He holds MBBS, from North Colombo Medical College, Doctor of Medicine, MRCP, FRCP London, Fellow of American Academy of Neurology, Fellow of American Heart Association.

## Other positions

Ranawaka is the President of Ceylon College of Physicians.
Ranawaka is the President of the National Stroke Association of Sri Lanka (NSASL), an Honorary Secretary for The Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry (SLCTR) and a former President of National Stroke Association Sri Lanka.
# League of Nations Codification Conference, 1930

The League of Nations Codification Conference was held in The Hague from 13 March to 12 April 1930, for the purpose of formulating accepted rules in international law to subjects that until then were not addressed thoroughly. The conference's main achievement was the conclusion of the first international convention on the conflict of nationality laws.

## Background

On 22 September 1924 the General Assembly of the League of Nations passed a resolution providing for the establishment of a 17-member committee for formulating a comprehensive system of international law on all outstanding issues. The committee's work led to the convening of the conference in 1930.

## Work done by the conference

The conference dealt eventually with three main issues on its agenda:
* Nationality laws of various states.
* Territorial waters.
* Responsibility of states for damage done in their territory to the person or property of foreigners.
Due to disagreements on most issues on the agenda, only the Convention on Certain Questions Relating to the Conflict of Nationality Laws could be agreed upon by the states that took part in the conference.

## Legacy of the codification conference

The legal interest of bringing about the codification of international law continued after the 1930 conference. The failure of that conference motivated the founders of the United Nations Organization to strive for a permanent commission to that end, which led to the establishment of the International Law Commission.
The failure of the 1930 conference served to remind the members of the new commission to proceed cautiously with the codification of international law through a longer and more gradual process.