OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bagani

Bagani or magani refers to the class of warrior-leaders of various Lumad ethnic groups of the island of Mindanao, Philippines. Bagani were most notably integral to the traditional society and government of the Mandaya, Mansaka, Manobo, and Bagobo people. They usually acquired their status through bravery in battle, fortitude, physical strength, and most importantly, natural charisma and leadership skills. Various bagani of the past have become mythologized as heroes in their communities.
Bagani were datu, they had absolute rule over their particular settlements, ranking even higher than the baylan (female shamans). But their actions are still subject to the opinions of the public as well as to the advisory council (itself composed of elder former bagani), which limits abuse of authority. Bagani also enforced the laws in their domains, by capturing and executing criminals. They also led various rituals to the spirits as well as protected the places which were sacred to spirits.
To become a bagani, one must have killed a set number of enemies in battle. The number varies by locality and ethnic group and ranges from five to as many as thirty. Though the status of the bagani was not hereditary and any commoner can become a bagani, bagani often traced their lineage through other notable bagani. In situations where a ruling bagani dies suddenly, the most suitable son of a bagani can be commonly chosen as a candidate for the next bagani by the advisory council. But they would still have to fulfill the requirements before becoming one. In cases of challengers or candidates who failed to meet the requirements but still refused to withdraw their eligibility, the selection would have to be made by battle between the candidates and their supporters.
The bagani were distinguished from other warriors by their clothing (including the headgear), which varies by ethnic group. They regularly engaged in headhunting and captive-taking raids on enemy villages as well as defend their own settlements from enemy raids of the same nature. They commanded a group of warriors (averaging at around forty to forty-five men). To become a warrior, a commoner must also have killed at least three people in battle.
The bagani system survived during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines (1565–1898) due to the limited ability of Spanish colonizers to penetrate deeper into the interiors of the island of Mindanao. But the bagani system and the constant inter-village warfare were actively suppressed during the American colonial period of the Philippines (1898–1946), finally disappearing completely by the 1930s.
# Budden

Budden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amanda Budden (born 1994), Irish footballer
* Charles Budden (1879–1969), English cricketer
* Henry Budden (1871–1944), Australian architect
* James Budden (1882–1965), English cricketer
* Joe Budden (born 1980), American rapper
* John Budden (1566–1620), English jurist
* Julian Budden (1924–2007), British opera scholar and broadcaster
* Kevin Budden (1930–1950), Australian herpetologist
* Kris Budden (born 1984), American sports reporter
* Lionel Bailey Budden (1877–1956), British architect and academic
* Maria Elizabeth Budden (c. 1780–1832), English children's writer
* Ted Budden (died 2000), British politician
# Choithram Gidwani

Dr. Choithram Gidwani was born at Hyderabad (Sind) on 25 December 1889 and received his entire education there. After passing the matriculation examination his spirit of service impelled him to accept a teacher's job at Bubak in Dadu District, but finding little scope for his activities there he chucked it up returning to Hyderabad, he joined the Medical School there, and after completing the course he entered Government service as a Medical Officer. Dr. Choithram came in contact with Mahatma Gandhi at the Congress Session held in Bombay in 1915. In the following year, he attended the Session at Lucknow as a delegate from Sind. He successfully organised 'hartal' at Hyderabad in March 1919 in protest against the Rowlatt Act. Dr. Choithram was sent to jail several times, first in 1922 when as editor of the "Hindu" his writings were regarded as seditious; then in 1930 when he broke the Salt Law at Karachi; again during the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1932 and also in 1933 for defying the Govt. orders not to leave Hyderabad; in 1940 for making a fiery speech at Lahore; and finally in 1942 for joining the Quit India Movement launched by Gandhiji. Whenever outside jail, besides attending to his political activities he did valuable humanitarian work such as running a charitable dispensary, supplying medicines to the poor and the needy free of charge, collecting donations for Pathshalas and Narishalas, organising relief work during floods and earthquakes as also during communal riots, and taking measures to prevent persecution of one community at the hands of the other. He died in the Northcote Nursing Home at Bombay on the night of 13 September 1957. Dr. Choithram was an embodiment of service and self-sacrifice. Way back in 1924 Gandhiji wrote about him in the Young India - "He has sacrificed everything and turned into a 'Faqir' all for the cause of his country."
# 1992 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Men's 800 metres

The men's 800 metres event at the 1992 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held in Palasport di Genova on 28, 29 February and 1 March.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Luis Javier González Spain | José Arconada Spain | Tonino Viali Italy |

## Results
### Heats

First 2 from each heat (Q) and the next 4 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Tonino Viali | Italy | 1:48.21 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | José Arconada | Spain | 1:48.30 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | Andrew Lill | Great Britain | 1:48.38 | q |
| 4 | 3 | Mark Eplinius | Germany | 1:48.67 | Q |
| 5 | 3 | Brian Whittle | Great Britain | 1:48.79 | Q |
| 6 | 3 | Václav Hrích | Czechoslovakia | 1:48.80 | q |
| 7 | 2 | Luis Javier González | Spain | 1:49.00 | Q |
| 8 | 2 | Martin Steele | Great Britain | 1:49.23 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | Peter Braun | Germany | 1:49.43 | q |
| 10 | 2 | Anatoliy Makarevich | Unified Team | 1:49.50 | q |
| 11 | 2 | Leon Haan | Netherlands | 1:49.55 | q |
| 12 | 1 | Rafko Marinič | Slovenia | 1:49.98 | |
| 13 | 1 | Declan Kennedy | Ireland | 1:50.33 | |
| 14 | 3 | Ari Suhonen | Finland | 1:50.75 | |
| 15 | 3 | Oscar Terol | Netherlands | 1:50.84 | |
| 16 | 3 | Slobodan Mijolović | Croatia | 1:50.97 | |
| 17 | 4 | Andrea Benvenuti | Italy | 1:51.02 | Q |
| 18 | 4 | Mike Kemsies | Germany | 1:51.05 | Q |
| 19 | 4 | Martin Enholm | Sweden | 1:51.15 | |
| 20 | 2 | António Abrantes | Portugal | 1:51.36 | |
| 21 | 4 | Miroslav Chochkov | Bulgaria | 1:51.51 | |
| 22 | 4 | Pavel Soukup | Czechoslovakia | 1:51.53 | |
| 23 | 2 | Davide Cadoni | Italy | 1:56.43 | |

### Semifinals

First 3 from each semifinal qualified directly (Q) for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Tonino Viali | Italy | 1:46.47 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | Brian Whittle | Great Britain | 1:46.57 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | Luis Javier González | Spain | 1:46.62 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Mark Eplinius | Germany | 1:46.63 | |
| 5 | 1 | Peter Braun | Germany | 1:47.19 | PB |
| 6 | 2 | Anatoliy Makarevich | Unified Team | 1:47.51 | Q |
| 7 | 2 | Martin Steele | Great Britain | 1:47.57 | Q |
| 8 | 2 | José Arconada | Spain | 1:47.60 | Q |
| 9 | 2 | Václav Hrích | Czechoslovakia | 1:47.71 | |
| 10 | 2 | Andrea Benvenuti | Italy | 1:48.52 | |
| 11 | 2 | Leon Haan | Netherlands | 1:48.71 | |
| 12 | 2 | Mike Kemsies | Germany | 1:48.93 | |
| 13 | 1 | Andrew Lill | Great Britain | 1:48.98 | |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Luis Javier González | Spain | 1:46.80 | |
| | José Arconada | Spain | 1:47.16 | PB |
| | Tonino Viali | Italy | 1:47.22 | |
| 4 | Martin Steele | Great Britain | 1:47.23 | |
| 5 | Anatoliy Makarevich | Unified Team | 1:47.83 | |
| 6 | Brian Whittle | Great Britain | 1:56.13 | |
# Arthur Bevan

Arthur Bevan (c. 1687 – 6 March 1742), of Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, was a Welsh lawyer and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1727 to 1741.
Bevan was the eldest surviving son of Zachary Bevan and his wife Sarah Bayly of Laugharne. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford on 28 February 1705, aged 17. Also in 1705, he was admitted at Middle Temple and was called to the bar in 1712. He married Bridget Vaughan, daughter of John Vaughan of Derllys, Carmarthen. from a junior branch of the Vaughans of Golden Grove who led the Whig interest in Carmarthen in the seventeenth century.
On 22 July 1722, Bevan was appointed Recorder of Carmarthen, where he played a leading role in the Whig interest. He was elected in a contest at the 1727 British general election as Member of Parliament for Carmarthen. He voted against the Excise Bill in 1733, but all his other recorded votes were for the Government. He was returned unopposed at the 1734 British general election and was chairman of the committee set up to consider the continuance of expired or expiring laws for each session in 1734, 1737 and 1739. He lost his seat at the 1741 British general election and also lost his recordership on 7 August 1741 as a result of Sir John Philipps' development of the Tory interest in the borough.
Bevan died on 6 March 1742.
# Carmen, Guayama, Puerto Rico

Carmen is a barrio in the municipality of Guayama, Puerto Rico, with a 2010 population of 619.

## History

Carmen was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Carmen barrio was 784.
# August Tammekann

August Ferdinand Tammekann (until 1921 Jürgenson; 14 September 1894 Tallinn – 23 February 1959 Heinola, Finland) was an Estonian geographer.
In 1923 he graduated from the University of Tartu. He started teaching at the University of Tartu in 1926. During his Tartu years, he lived in Villa Tammekann, designed in 1936 by Alvar Aalto.
In 1940 he fled to Finland and received Finnish citizenship. Between 1942 and 1959 he intermittently worked at the University of Helsinki. He was appointed a professor in 1953.
His main fields of research were Estonian geomorphology, paleogeography, and population distribution. He was also interested in local history.

## Works

1926: Die Oberflächengestaltung des nordostestländischen Küstentafellandes: akademische Abhandlung (Helsinki: University of Helsinki)
# Bugle (electoral division)

Bugle (Cornish: Karnrosveur) was an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returned one member to sit on Cornwall Council between 2009 and 2021. It was abolished at the 2021 local elections, being divided between the new divisions of Roche and Bugle, Lostwithiel and Lanreath, and Penwithick and Boscoppa.

## Councillors

| Election | Member | Member | Party |
| 2009 | | Jackie Bull | Liberal Democrats |
| 2013 | | Simon Rix | Liberal Democrats |
| 2017 | | Sally-Anne Saunders | Conservative |
| 2021 | Seat abolished | Seat abolished | Seat abolished |

## Extent

Bugle represented the villages of Stenalees, Bugle and Luxulyan and the hamlets of Trethowel, Ruddlemoor, Carthew, Rosevear, Rosevean, Bowling Green, Lockengate, Bodwen, Bodiggo, Treskilling and Rosemelling. The division was nominally abolished during boundary changes at the 2013 election, but this had little effect on the ward. From 2009 to 2013, the division covered 3,120 hectares in total; after the boundary changes in 2013, it covered 3,830 hectares.

## Election results
### 2017 election

2017 election: Bugle :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Sally-Anne Saunders | 488 | 37.7 |
| | Mebyon Kernow | Garry Tregidga | 360 | 27.8 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Kirk Pollard | 354 | 27.3 |
| | Independent | David Highland | 84 | 6.5 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 128 | 9.9 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 9 | 0.7 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1295 | 35.3 |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats | Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats | Swing | |

### 2013 election

2013 election: Bugle :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal Democrats | Simon Rix | 316 | 33.0 |
| | Conservative | Rachel Beadle | 226 | 23.6 |
| | Independent | Steve Hopper | 152 | 15.9 |
| | Mebyon Kernow | Jerry Jefferies | 139 | 14.5 |
| | Labour Co-op | David Doyle | 114 | 11.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 90 | 9.4 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 10 | 1.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 957 | 25.5 |
| | Liberal Democrats hold | Liberal Democrats hold | Swing | |

### 2009 election

2009 election: Bugle :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | Jackie Bull | 477 | 50.9 | |
| | Conservative | Mark Farrell | 214 | 22.8 | |
| | Mebyon Kernow | Allister Mills | 180 | 19.2 | |
| | Labour | David Doyle | 54 | 5.8 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 263 | 28.0 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 13 | 1.4 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 938 | 31.7 | |
| | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) |
# Christian Gerhard Leopold

Christian Gerhard Leopold (24 February 1846 – 12 September 1911) was a German gynecologist born in Meerane, Saxony.
In 1870 he earned his medical doctorate from the University of Leipzig, where he studied under Carl Siegmund Franz Credé (1819-1892), who would later become his father-in-law. From 1877 until 1883 he taught midwifery at the Frauenklinik in Leipzig, and afterwards succeeded Franz von Winckel (1837-1911) as director of the Dresden Royal Gynecological Infirmary.
Leopold is remembered for the eponymous "Leopold maneuvers" (Leopold-Handgriffe), which are four classic maneuvers used to determine the position of the fetus within the uterus. Beginning in 1894 he was co-editor of the Archiv für Gynäkologie with Adolf Gusserow (1836-1906). Also, with Dr. Credé and Paul Zweifel (1848-1927), he published textbooks on midwifery.
N.B. - Leopold Landau, who was also a German gynecologist born around this time, may be confused with Christian Gerhard Leopold.
# Addie Aylestock

Rev. Addie Aylestock (1909–1998) was a Canadian minister in the British Methodist Episcopal Church, the first woman minister to be ordained in that church, and the first black woman to be ordained in Canada.

## Personal life

Aylestock was the daughter of William Aylestock and Minnie Lawson and was the eldest of eight children. She was born in Glen Allan, near Elmira, Ontario, from one of the many black farming communities in the province of Ontario; her family lived depending on where work was available. Her family was descended from blacks who settled along the Conestogo River in Regional Municipality of Waterloo and Wellington County, Ontario.
She was raised in the (white) Methodist Church; she moved to Toronto when the Great Depression struck, and got a job as a domestic servant, and later as a dressmaker. While working as a domestic servant, she attended evening classes at Central Technical School in Toronto. A desire to become a missionary (in Liberia) led her to enroll in the (transdenominational) Toronto Bible College, from which she graduated in 1945. While a student in college, Aylestock became active with the youth and working with Sunday school in a BME (British Methodist Episcopal) church on Chestnut Street in Toronto. The pastor encouraged Aylestock to consider becoming a deaconess.
She joined the British Methodist Episcopal Church (an offshoot of the African Methodist Episcopal Church) and became a deaconess in 1944. Her first position was in the church in Africville. She also served as a deaconess in Halifax, Montreal, and Toronto. After the BME allowed for the ordination of women in 1951 (prompted by the church superintendent's belief in Aylestock's capability), she was the first to be ordained, and was assigned to the BME Church in North Buxton. She served as pastor in three further churches, namely in Montreal, Toronto and Owen Sound. Aylestock's obituary, published in the St. Catharines Standard, said she also presided over churches in Fort Erie and Niagara Falls.
# Ascanio Parisi

Ascanio Parisi (died 23 April 1614) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Marsico Nuovo (1600–1614) and Titular Bishop of Hebron (1599–1600).

## Biography

On 2 August 1599, Ascanio Parisi was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Marsico Nuovo and Titular Bishop of Hebron. by Pope Clement VIII.
On 29 August 1599, he was consecrated bishop by Domenico Pinelli, Cardinal-Priest of San Crisogono, with Leonard Abel, Titular Bishop of Sidon, and Scipione Spina, Bishop of Lecce, serving as co-consecrators. On 24 April 1600, he succeeded to the Bishopric of Marsico Nuovo, where he served until his death on 23 April 1614.
# Adventures for the Cure

Adventures for the Cure (AFC) is a nonprofit organization and USA Cycling club that exists to raise awareness for diabetes and other selected charities. Formed in 2005, AFC is based in Halethorpe, Maryland, near Baltimore.

## History and mission

According to the organization's website, AFC was founded by two University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) classmates, Adam Driscoll (Type 1 diabetic) and Patrick Blair, to show those diagnosed with diabetes and their families how leading a healthy and active lifestyle can move them beyond their perceived limits, and to raise funds for diabetes research.
The organization also raises awareness and funds for other causes that the board of directors has selected. In the past AFC has raised funds for the following organizations:
* American Diabetes Association
* Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation
* Kupenda for the Children - focused on children disabilities in Kenya
* Blood:Water- focused on HIV/AIDS and water crises in Africa
* PSC Partners Seeking a Cure - focused on Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

## Documentary film

In 2006, AFC developed a documentary film, Adventures for the Cure: The Doc, narrated by three-time Tour de France winner Greg LeMond, which chronicled a 6,500-mile trek across the United States on fixed-gear, single speed bicycles by Adam Driscoll, Patrick Blair, Jesse Stump and their support crew. The film, directed and edited by Philip Knowlton, founder of videe-o's, was awarded the People's Choice Award at the 2008 Beloit International Film Festival and was an Official Selection at the 2008 Bicycle Film Festival. The documentary is popular amongst avid cyclists and has been shown at events such as the Tour of Missouri.

## Competitive racing

In addition to regional road, mountain bike, and cross country racing, AFC members compete in ultra-endurance events. In 2008, AFC competed in the four-man division (again using fixed gears) in Race Across America (RAAM). In 2009, Adam Driscoll and Pat Blair captured first place in the two-man division of RAAM by completing the 3021 mile event in 7 days, 1 hour and 33 minutes; averaging 17.82 mph over the journey.
# Carry You Home (Tiësto song)

"Carry You Home" is a song by the Dutch disc jockey and producer Tiësto. It features production from Norwegian music producing team StarGate and vocals from American singer and songwriter Aloe Blacc. It was released on 29 September 2017 by Musical Freedom in the Netherlands as the fourth single from Tiësto's compilation, Club Life, Vol. 5 - China.

## Critical reception

According to Kat Bein from Billboard, "'Carry You Home' is the friend you deserve in your time of need. Beautiful vocals from Aloe Blacc are a strong wind under the wings of this electronic hook. [...] StarGate come through with a production assist to help make this tune as grand and wide-open as long country roads." We Rave You considers that "the melody is where the true character lies in this feel-good anthem that certainly brings an uplifting atmosphere to its sound. From start to finish 'Carry You Home' is never short of a stimulating beat as the track builds to an exhilarating and rapturous chorus."

## Music video

The music video of the song was released on 16 October 2017. It was directed and produced by That One Blond Kid Corp.

## Track listing
### Digital Download (MF219)

* "Carry You Home" - 3:12

### Transluscent Green 7" (MF219)

* "Carry You Home" - 3:44
* "Carry You Home" (Tiësto's Big Room Remix) - 4:24

### Digital Download - Remixes

* "Carry You Home" (Tiësto's AFTR:HRS Remix) - 3:28
* "Carry You Home" (CRVVCKS Remix) - 4:55
* "Carry You Home" (Swanky Tunes Remix) - 3:02
* "Carry You Home" (Lulleaux Remix) - 3:16

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 38 |
| US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard) | 26 |
# August Rei's cabinet

August Rei's cabinet was in office in Estonia from 4 December 1928 to 9 July 1929, when it was succeeded by Otto Strandman's second cabinet.

## Members

This cabinet's members were the following:
| Name | Position |
| August Rei | Prime Minister |
| Tõnis Kalbus | Minister of the Interior and Minister of Justice |
| Jaan Lattik | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| Aleksander Oinas | Minister of Finance |
| Karl-Johannes Soonberg | Minister of Agricultural Affairs |
| Oskar Köster | Minister of Roads |
# Baizhuang station

Baizhuang Station (Chinese: 柏庄站), is a metro station of Line 2, Wuxi Metro. It started operations on 28 December 2014.

## Station Layout

| Ground |
| Ground | Exits |
| B1 | Station Hall | Service Center, Ticket vending machine, Toilet, Elevator, Shops |
| B2 | West | ←█ towards Meiyuan Kaiyuan Temple |
| Island Platform, doors will open on the left ||
| B2 | East | →█ towards Anzhen→ |

## Exits

There are 4 exits for this station.
# Bugle Boy

Bugle Boy Industries, Inc. was a clothing company founded by Vincent Nesi and William Mow in 1977. It is best known for its namesake brand of denim jeans that were popular in the 1980s. The company declared bankruptcy in 2001. Mr. Nesi was in charge of all operations, production, and design.

## History

William C. W. Mow (Traditional Chinese: 毛昭寰) was born in Hangzhou, China, and later moved with his family to the United States. He graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1959 and then earned an MSEE from Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Purdue University in 1967. He worked for Litton Industries for two years before venturing out on his own. Mow founded Macrodata based on his invention of a method of testing large-scale integrated chips and the company went public in 1973. Around 1976, Mow sold his shares and left the company due to an investigation by the SEC. Although he was later cleared, he had to stay out of the electronics design industry for a few years due to a non-competition clause he had signed with Macrodata.
In 1977, Mow founded Bugle Boy Industries. During the 1980s, the company enjoyed continued growth. Sales approached $1 billion, making Bugle Boy one of the largest privately owned apparel companies in the United States, but the company fell into troubled times in 2001, declared bankruptcy, and was sold that year for $68.6 million. The Bugle Boy brand was purchased in 2001 by Schottenstein Stores Corp., owner of Retail Ventures and several retail chains.
Bugle Boy featured men's and boys' clothing, often with a denim theme. Elastic cuffs at the bottom of the jeans and cross-stitching patterns were also a major part of the Bugle Boy style, with brands such as Pilot and Cotler being its contemporaries. They also popularized parachute pants during the breakdancing fad of the early 80s, in a line called Countdown. Bugle Boy also produced men's and boys' tops, but was best known for its varieties of jeans and jean shorts.
In 2001, Bugle Boy closed all 215 of its U.S. outlet stores in an agreement with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court. All the operation centers in China, Taiwan, Singapore were also closed. Their store at Gurnee Mills remained open to sell off remaining inventory.
As of 2018, the Bugle Boy brand is no longer in use.