OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elizabeth Raine

Elizabeth Raine (died 1842) was an Australian educator and official. She was the manager of the Parramatta Female Factory in 1823-38, and one of the first schools for girls in Sydney between 1831 and 1842.
Raine arrived in Australia from England as Elizabeth Fulloon with her children John, Charles, Eliza, Maria and Matilda in 1823. She and her spouse John Fulloon had been employed as joint superintendents of the Parramatta Female Factory, which had been founded in 1821 to house and employ female convicts not employed elsewhere. Her spouse died during the trip to Australia, but Elizabeth Fulloon became the first superintendent or "matron" of the Paramatta Female Factory, and was recommended for her efficiency. The governor called her "a woman of extraordinary bodily strength and energy of character", and she was reportedly able to manage the factory with such discipline that it was unnecessary with punishments. She married Robert Raines (d. 1828) in 1826, and thus became known as Elizabeth Raine. She later married a William Speed.
In 1828, her daughter Matilda Fulloon (from 1832 Matilda Ormiston) had opened her own school for girls in Sydney, and in 1831, Elizabeth Raine became her partner and took over the post of manager of the school; they were also joined by her other daughter Eliza Fulloon (from 1836 Eliza Garnsey). The school belonged to the first schools for girls in the colony. The first known schools for girls in Australia was the school of a "Mrs Williams" in Sydney in 1806, of which not much more than the advertisement is known, but the school of Elizabeth Raine and her daughters were a stable and long lasting institution. It took a high fee and was successful, having 18 enlisted students in 1838, which was more than any of their competitors, such as the school of Mary Ann Fisk (1829–31) and the school of Anne de Metz and her daughters (1834-fl. 1868). The school offered basic education in The three Rs with geography, English grammar and needlework. At this time, schools for girls seldom offered much more than that, but it differed from the high class girl's schools in Europe, which normally offered education in music, French and art to be defined as a higher school for girls: such a school was not founded in Sydney until that of Elizabeth Allison (from 1842 Marr, from 1844 Wilkinsson) in 1839.
Raine kept her position as manager of the school until her death in 1842.
# Cumbum Valley

Cumbum Valley, also called Kambam Valley, is a valley in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu state in India near the Kerala state border. This is the most fertile valley in south India, The valley includes lands between Thekkadi Hills, Varusanadu Hills, and Kodaikanal Hills.
It is one of the few places in Tamil Nadu producing grapes. Cumbum valley produces about 90,000 tonnes of muscat grapes and 10,000 tonnes of Thomson seedless grapes every year.

## Places

* Cumbum
* Uthamapalayam
* Chinnamanur
* Gudalur
* Lower Camp
* Surulipatti
* Kamaya Koundan Patti
* Hanumanthanpatty
* Pudupatty
* Rayappanpatty
* Anaimalayanpatty
* Ramasamynayakkanpatti
* Paramathevanpatti
# Draa Kebila

Draa Kebila is a town and commune in Sétif Province in north-eastern Algeria.
# Canon PowerShot G1 X

The Canon PowerShot G1 X is a large sensor digital compact camera announced by Canon on January 9, 2012.
It was replaced by the Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark II in Feb 2014.
# EMG-01

The Arcflash Labs EMG-01 is a hand-held automatic 8-stage coilgun designed and manufactured by Arcflash Labs in Los Angeles, California. It was the first handheld coilgun commercialized and sold as a fully assembled system.

## Operating mechanism

The EMG-01 uses a six-cell 25.2 volt lithium-ion polymer battery to supply up to 2000 watts of power to ten electrolytic capacitors. Unlike many coilguns, the EMG-01 operates at low voltage and does not use an inverter or capacitor charging system, which allows the system to charge in under 1/10th of a second. The ten aforementioned capacitors are used to power eight electromagnetic coils in the configuration of a linear motor to accelerate a ferromagnetic or conducting projectile to 45 m/s. Rather than fully discharging each capacitor into a single respective coil, the system uses a series of IGBTs to discharge a small portion of the total bank's energy into each coil. This system design is in contrast to many hobbyist coilguns which require several seconds or even minutes to charge a single shot, and enables the EMG-01 to fire at rates of up to 480 rounds/min.

## Alpha Model

The EMG-01A (Alpha model) was offered for sale from July 2018 to October 2018. It was sold for $950 to pre-order customers and was only produced in a small batch production run of 10 units.

## Beta Model

The EMG-01B (Beta model) was developed as a more manufacturable iteration of the base EMG-01 design. It was offered for sale in 2020 and discontinued in 2023.

## EMG-02

In 2022, Arcflash Labs released a more powerful iteration with a larger bore (0.313") and 2 additional coils, with 4x the muzzle energy of the EMG-01B (up to 20J). It operates at a higher voltage than the EMG-01B; accepting 63V "flexvolt" drill batteries and featuring a single large capacitor at the rear. The EMG-02 is still being offered for sale as of 2024.
# Daisy, Maryland

Daisy is an unincorporated community located at the northwest tip of Howard County, Maryland, United States.

## History

A very large tract of land in the area that became Daisy was patented to Captain Richard Warfield in 1763. The Oakdale manor slave plantation was built on the site in 1838 by Albert Gallatin Warfield and, as of 1940, overlooked a remaining 1,300 acres (5.3 km$^2$) of the original tract.
Senator Arthur Pue Gorman's daughter, Grace (1871–1958), who went by the name "Daisy", lived at the historic Overlook farm house in North Laurel. Daisy, Maryland was named after her in 1882. A postal office operated in the community from March 24, 1882, to August 31, 1905.
The current Daisy United Methodist Church property, eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, was built in 1906 on 2.25 acres (0.91 ha) of land acquired in 1876 "to be used as a school house for colored children and also a house of public worship for the use of the colored members of the M.E. church of the neighborhood".
By 1940, the population of Daisy reached 25. The farming community was active in the mid-20th century, with a general store, schoolhouse, and Good Templars Hall, though diminished in the 1970s as agricultural profits fell and families moved to larger towns. The Daisy Garage was established in 1959 by former Howard County Commissioner Robey Mullinix.

## Notable people

* Roby H. Mullinix (1895–1965), Howard County Commissioner (1949–1954), Planning Commissioner, Howard County Court Clerk (1954–1962)
* George Washington Ward (1867–1932) was the third principal of Maryland State Normal School (now Towson University).
* Edwin Warfield (1848–1920), the 45th Governor of Maryland, grew up at the Oakdale Manor built in 1838.

## Today

The Daisy General Store and Outpost joined the Daisy Schoolhouse in 2012 on Preservation Howard County's top endangered sites list. The nonprofit organization pursues historical and cultural preservation in the county. The school is awaiting reconstruction on museum property in West Friendship. The outpost remained on the list in 2014 and 2015.
# Eochaid mac Fiachnai

Eochaid mac Fiachnai (died 810) was a Dal Fiatach king of Ulaid, which is now Ulster, Ireland. He was the son of Fiachnae mac Áedo Róin (died 789), a previous king. He ruled from 790 to 810.
Eochaid first appears in the annals in 776. In that year he gave his support to Tommaltach mac Indrechtaig (died 790) in a civil war among the rival Dal nAraide family. They defeated and slew the incumbent king Cináed Ciarrge mac Cathussaig and his ally, Dúngal king of the Uí Tuirtri (an Airgialla tribe west of Lough Neagh) at the Battle of Drong.
His father had restored the fortunes of the Dal Fiatach dynasty but upon his death a succession struggle broke out. Eochaid was challenged for the kingship by his kinsmen Tommaltach mac Cathail. Tommaltach was the great grandson of Óengus, son of Máel Cobo mac Fiachnai (died 647) king of Ulaid and this branch (called the Cenél nÓengusa) threatened to be excluded from the throne. Tommaltach was defeated and slain in battle by Eochaid. However Tommlatach's branch of the family remained based in Leth Cathail (Lecale)-"Cathal's Half" in southern modern County Down (also known as Mag Inis).
Tommaltach mac Indrechtaig of Dal nAraide had profited by the civil war among the Dal Fiatach to acquire the throne of all Ulaid. He died the next year in 790 and in that year the annals also record a slaughter of the Dal Fiatach by the Dál nAraidi. Whether this occurred before or after Tommaltach's death is uncertain. Eochaid became King of Ulaid in 790.
In 801 The Ulaid went to war with the Uí Echach Cobo in the west part of county Down, probably to impose their authority. The Ulaid were victorious and slew the King of Coba, Eochu mac Aililla. On the side of the Ulaid, Cairell mac Cathail of the Leth Cathail branch was slain.
In 809 the high king Áed Oirdnide campaigned against Ulaid and defeated them ravaging from the Bann to Strangford Lough. The motive for this conflict was apparently the killing of Dúnchú, superior of Tulach Léis (Tullylisk, County Down), by the Ulaid. A civil war then followed in which Eochaid was defeated by his brother Cairell mac Fiachnai (died 819). The annals report that Eochaid escaped from this battle and historians place his death in 810.
Eochaid may be associated with the establishment of Dún Echdach (Duneight) which became the royal seat of the Dal Fiatach as they shifted their power northwards by the 9th century from their old royal seat at Downpatrick. The sons of Eochaid included Muiredach mac Eochada (died 839), a King of Ulaid, and Áed mac Eochada who fathered three kings of Ulaid.
# Ever Green, Ever Rain

Ever Green, Ever Rain is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Michael McArthur. It was released on January 25, 2019,
The album was recorded in Los Angeles at United Recording Studios with producer Ryan Freeland, and is the first release on McArthur's record label Dark River Records.

## Reception

The album received a positive reception from Billboard, popmatters, and Cowboys & Indians magazine.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Michael McArthur

## Personnel

* Michael McArthur – guitar, lead vocals, background vocals
* Ryan Freeland – producer, engineer, mixing
* Monique Evelyn – assistant engineer
* Kim Rosen – mastering
* Steven Nistor – drums, percussion
* Paul Bryan – bass guitar, background vocals
* Lee Pardini – piano, synth
* Jebin Bruni – piano, synth
* Josh Davis – electric guitar
* Dan Kalisher – electric guitar
* Kristin Mooney – background vocals
* Matt Scott Barnes – design
* Michael Flores – photography
* Michael McArthur – photography
* Jack Catterall – photography
# Bühne

Bühne is the name for the following German places:
* Bühne (Osterwieck), a part of the town Osterwieck, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
* Bühne (Borgentreich), a part of the town Borgentreich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
# Donatas Škarnulis

Donatas Škarnulis (born 21 October 1977) is a Lithuanian race walker.
He finished twelfth at the 2007 World Championships in Osaka. He also competed at the 2006 World Race Walking Cup.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Lithuania ||||||
| 2006 | World Race Walking Cup | A Coruña, Spain | 35th | 50 km | 4:09:31 |
| 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | 12th | 50 km | 3:59:48 |
| 2008 | World Race Walking Cup | Cheboksary, Russia | 45th | 20 km | 1:25:08 |
| 2008 | Olympic Games | Beijing, China | — | 50 km | DNF |
| 2009 | European Race Walking Cup | Metz, France | 7th | 50 km | 3:53:43 |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 14th | 50 km | 3:50:56 |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | — | 50 km | DQ |
# Elizabeth Williams

Elizabeth, Elisabeth, Liz, Lizzie or Betty Williams may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Elizabeth Williams Champney (née Elizabeth Williams, 1850–1922), American author
* Elizabeth Williams (actress) (fl. 1920–1930), American actress
* Dail Ambler (Betty Mabel Lilian Williams, 1919–1974), English pulp fiction author and screenwriter who also wrote as Danny Spade
* Elizabeth Williams (producer) (born 1949/1950), American theater producer
* Elisabeth Omilami (née Elisabeth Williams, born 1951), American actress
* Elizabeth Williams (artist) (fl. 1980s–2010s), American courtroom artist
* Liz Williams (born 1965), British science fiction author
* Emma Kennedy (Elizabeth Emma Williams, born 1967), British TV presenter
* Elisabeth Williams (fl. 2010s), American art director, production designer and set decorator

## Medicine and science

* Elizabeth Langdon Williams (1879–1981), American astronomer and computer
* Elizabeth Williams (educationist) (1895–1986), British mathematician
* Betty Smith Williams (fl. 1950s–1990s), American nurse

## Military

* Betty Jane Williams (1919–2008), American aviator
* Elizabeth Williams (photographer) (born 1924), American military photographer

## Politics

* Betty Williams (1943–2020), Nobel Peace Prize recipient from Northern Ireland
* Betty Williams (politician) (born 1944), Welsh Labour Party politician and MP
* Buffy Williams (Elizabeth Williams, born 1976), Welsh Labour Party politician and MS

## Sport

* Lizzie Williams (born 1983), Australian cyclist
* Elizabeth Williams (basketball) (born 1993), American basketball player

## Other people

* Elizabeth Whitney Williams (1844–1938), American lighthouse keeper and writer
* Betty Williams (died 1961), victim in the Kiss and Kill homicide

## Fictional characters

* Betty Williams (Coronation Street), a character on Coronation Street
# Cumbum, Andhra Pradesh

Cumbum, natively spelt as Kambham, is a census town in Prakasam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Cumbum mandal in Markapur revenue division.$^{:16}$ It was a part of Kurnool district before it was merged into Prakasam district.

## Cumbum Lake

Cumbum Lake, also known as Gundlakamma Lake, was built on the Gundlakamma rivulet upon the Nallamala hills. It is one of the oldest man-made lakes in Asia. The anicut was built by the Vijayanagar Princess Varadharajamma (also known as Ruchidevi), wife of Sri Krishna Devaraya. She was also the daughter of Gajapatis of Odisha. The lake is about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) long and about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) wide. According to the Imperial Gazette of India, at the turn of the 20th century, the dam was 57 feet (17 m) tall, and the drainage area was 430 square miles (1,100 km$^2$). At present the lake has an effective storage capacity of 3.38 tmc ft. The directly irrigated land is about 10,300 acres (42 km$^2$) in all. It is the second largest irrigation tank in Asia. Cumbum Lake is accessible both by the Guntur-Nandyal railway line and from Ongole by road.

## History

There are inscriptions at Cumbum and Bestawaripeta, one from 1706 , and another from 1729. The first refers to the death of the sheriff Khaja Muhammad, who was the Qiladar of Cumbum fort during the reign of Aurangazeb. The second refers to Muhammad Sahib, son of Muhammad Khayum of Tab and governor of Cumbum during the reign of Muhammad Shah. It also states that Muhammad Sahib had a mosque constructed at Cumbum during his governorship. These inscriptions prove that this district, like other districts in the Qutub Shahi Kingdom, was once under the Mughal rule. It was formed as part of the Golkonda province, one of the six provinces into which the Deccan Suba was sub-divided.
During the British rule, Cumbum tehsil was a municipality of Kurnool district; as such, it had a regimental garrison and a collectorate. On 10 June 1846, Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy raided the treasury at Cumbum, and started rebellion against the British.

## Geography

Cumbum is located at 15°34′01″N 79°07′00″E﻿ / ﻿15.5669°N 79.1167°E﻿ / 15.5669; 79.1167. It has an average elevation of 184 metres (606 ft).

## Transport

Cumbum railway station provides rail connectivity and is a D-category railway station in the Guntur railway division of the South Central Railway zone. State highways, roads, and the Guntur–Guntakal railway line pass through the town.

## International recognition by UNESCO

The Cumbum Tank was made a World Heritage Irrigation Structure (WHIS) in 2020 by UNESCO.

## Politics

The town was an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh until 2009. Anna Venkata Rambabu won the 2019 assembly elections when the Cumbum constituency was reorganized and merged with the Giddalur constituency.

## Education

The primary and secondary school education is provided by the government's School Education Department. The languages of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.
# Dragomirovo

Dragomirovo (Cyrillic: Драгомирово) is the name of the following settlements:
* Dragomirovo, Pernik Province, Bulgaria
* Dragomirovo, Veliko Tarnovo Province, Bulgaria
* Dragomirovo, Tajikistan, in Sughd province
# Canon PowerShot Pro1

The PowerShot Pro1 is a digital camera made by Canon, announced in February 2004 and was discontinued first quarter of 2006. It uses a Sony-built 2/3 in (17 mm) 8.3 megapixel CCD image sensor, which gives a usable image size of approximately 8.0 megapixels. It was the most expensive fixed-lens camera sold by Canon at the time, and thus the top of the PowerShot range. It was the first fixed lens designated a Canon L series lens, a designation normally reserved for the professional lines of their FD, EF, and RF lenses for interchangeable lens cameras.
It has a variable-angle two-inch, polycrystalline silicon, thin-film transistor, color liquid crystal display with approximately 235,000 pixels and a colour electronic viewfinder (EVF) with the same resolution. The lens has a zoom range of 7.2 to 50.8 mm, equivalent to 28 to 200 mm in 35 mm terms. The shutter has a maximum speed of 1/4,000 second. The camera's dimensions are 117.5 mm in width, 72 mm in height, and 90.3 mm in depth. Its mass is 545 g.
# Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies

The Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies is a non-profit, academic law journal that publishes work from current law students and recent alumni in Canada and throughout the world. It is produced by students from the Schulich School of Law (formerly Dalhousie Law School).

## History

Established in 1991, the Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies is a forum that promotes reflection and debate about contemporary legal issues. As one of the only publications of its kind in Canada, the Journal serves as a unique vehicle for law students to publish their work.
The DJLS is published once per academic year and maintains a broad subscription base that includes law firms, law school libraries, corporations, government departments, alumni, and legal professionals from around the globe. The Journal is also indexed in the HeinOnline database.
An entirely student-run publication, the DJLS is managed by an editorial board, and over seventy volunteers comprising students from the Schulich School of Law at Dalhousie assist in production and publication.
It is distinct from the Dalhousie Law Journal which is a peer-reviewed journal produced by faculty, rather than students.
# Chignik Bay

Chignik Bay may refer to:
* Chignik Bay, a bay located off Chignik, Alaska
* Chignik Bay Seaplane Base, a seaplane base in the Chignik bay Alaska
# Every Time I Turn the Radio On

"Every Time I Turn the Radio On" is a song written and recorded by American country singer-songwriter Bill Anderson. It was released as a single in 1974 via MCA Records and became a major hit the same year.

## Background and release

"Every Time I Turn the Radio On" was recorded on July 26, 1974, at the RCA Studio A, located in Nashville, Tennessee. These were Anderson's first formal sessions at the RCA Studio. The sessions were produced by Owen Bradley, who would serve as Anderson's producer through most of years with MCA Records. An additional track was recorded at the same studio session: "Gonna Find Me a Bluebird."
"Every Time I Turn the Radio On" was released as a single by MCA Records in September 1974. The song spent 13 weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles before reaching number seven in December 1974. In Canada, the single became an even larger hit. It reached number four on the RPM Country Songs chart in 1974 in Canada. It was released on his 1975 studio album, Every Time I Turn the Radio On/Talk to Me Ohio.

## Track listings

7" vinyl single
* "Every Time I Turn the Radio On" – 2:11
* "You Are My Story (You Are My Song)" – 2:59

## Chart performance

| Chart (1974) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Songs (RPM) | 4 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 7 |
# C.M. Fines Building

The C.M. Fines Building is a 20-storey office tower located at 2260 11th Avenue in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. The building was completed in 1979. The building was designed by Joseph Pettick and features unusual energy-efficient reflective windows containing gold dust, giving the building its distinctive colour. The building houses the corporate offices of Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI). The building is named after Clarence Melvin Fines, who was a Provincial Finance Minister in the 1940s and 50s and played a major role in establishing SGI. From 1979 until 1988, it was the tallest building in Regina.
The C.M. Fines Building has had a history of structural problems. In 2004, water damage to the building's post-tension cables necessitated a $3.9 million repair. In 2010, the building was evacuated when high winds damaged a piece of the exterior metal cladding, raising concerns that the glass panels, held in place by the metal, would come loose. In 2012, the Government of Saskatchewan released a tender for a new office building for SGI, with the intention to sell the C.M. Fines Building.
# Elizabeth Wilde

Elizabeth Wilde (October 18, 1913 – October 29, 2005) was an American sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1932 Summer Olympics.