OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bassettia pallida

Bassettia pallida is a species of gall wasp found in the Southern United States. This species was described by American entomologist William Harris Ashmead in 1896. B. pallida reproduces asexually in galls it induces on oak trees. The parasite Euderus set, a eulophid wasp, has B. pallida as a host and manipulates its behavior.

## Taxonomy

William Harris Ashmead described this species in 1896 based on a female specimen in the National Museum of Natural History. The holotype was collected in 1884 in Georgia.

## Distribution

This species has been found in the American states of Georgia, Florida, Missouri, Louisiana, and Texas. Its type location is Savannah, Georgia.

## Description
### Adult female

The female is 2 mm (0.08 in) long. The antennae have thirteen joints. The head, antennae, thorax and legs are a brownish yellow color, while the posterior tibiae and eyes are dark brown and the abdomen is a polished black. A grooved line goes around the base of the scutellum.

## Biology
### Reproduction

The females can reproduce asexually in galls of the oaks Quercus geminata, Quercus virginiana, and Quercus minima. These oak species are all in the Virentes section (or subsection) of Quercus. Galls are formed on the oaks' stem underneath the bark. Mature B. pallida come out of the galls in March or April, coinciding with the production of new leaves on the oak.$^{:3}$ Sexual reproduction is thought to happen afterwards in galls formed on the midvein of new leaves.$^{:3}$

### Parasites

The chalcid wasp Euderus set parasitizes B. pallida. This is a rare example of hypermanipulation, i.e., where one parasite which manipulates its host's phenotype has its own phenotype manipulated by a different parasite. In this case, B. pallida causes the oak to form a gall, and E. set alters the behavior of B. pallida to create a hole in the gall and plug the hole with their head and die; E. set later emerges through a hole in its host's head.
Only the asexual reproductive stage is targeted by E. set.$^{:3}$
# Bassetts Manor

Bassetts Manor is a Grade II-listed building in Hartfield, East Sussex, England.

## Location

The manor is located North of the village of Hartfield, in Withyham, East Sussex.

## History

The two-storey manor was built in the 16th century. The front door dates back to the early 17th century. The property includes eighteen workshops, three cottages, and three stables.
In 1969, the manor was purchased by the Whetstone family. In 1986, it was used as a beef-raising farm.

## Heritage significance

It has been listed as a Grade II building by English Heritage since 26 November 1953.
# Bassetts, California

Bassetts is an unincorporated community in Sierra County, California, United States. Bassetts is located along California State Highway 49 and the North Yuba River. The community was previously known as Hancock House and Howard Ranch; it was given its current name in the 1870s after Jacob and Mary Bassett.
# Battle of the River Idle

The Battle of the River Idle was a major victory for Rædwald of East Anglia over Æthelfrith of Northumbria in 616 in what is now Nottinghamshire.

## Background

Æthelfrith was King of Bernicia from c. 593. Around 604 under unknown circumstances, he gained control of neighbouring Deira, and forced into exile two notable members of the Deiran royal family, Edwin, son of the former king Ælla, and Hereric, Edwin's nephew.
Hereric was poisoned while at the court of Ceretic, king of Elmet. It was probably Æthelfrith who is to blame for this killing. The second exile, Edwin, ended up eventually under the protection of Rædwald in East Anglia. Æthelfrith sent messengers to Rædwald asking him to kill Edwin. Rædwald did not comply, and instead, he raised an army to confront Æthelfrith.

## Battle

Rædwald assembled an army and marched north, accompanied by his son Rægenhere, to confront Æthelfrith. They met on the western boundary of the kingdom of Lindsey, on the east bank of the River Idle. The battle was fierce and was long commemorated in the saying, 'The river Idle was foul with the blood of Englishmen'. During the fighting, Æthelfrith and Rædwald's son Rægenhere were both slain. Edwin then succeeded Æthelfrith as the king of Northumbria, and Æthelfrith's sons were subsequently forced into exile.
A separate account of the battle, given by Henry of Huntingdon, stated that Rædwald's army was split into three formations, led by Rædwald, Rægenhere, and Edwin. With more experienced fighters, Æthelfrith attacked in loose formation. At the sight of Rægenhere, perhaps thinking he was Edwin, Æthelfrith's men cut their way through to him and slew him. After the death of his son, Rædwald furiously breached his lines, killing Æthelfrith amid a great slaughter of the Northumbrians.

## Aftermath

While presented by Bede as being fought simply over the issue of Edwin, this war may have actually involved issues of power and territory between the two rulers. D.P. Kirby has argued that the battle was more than a clash between two kings over the treatment of an exiled nobleman but was "part of a protracted struggle to determine the military and political leadership of the Anglian peoples" at that time. After the Æthelfrith's death, Edwin became king of both kingdoms, Deira and Bernicia, and this time in return, Æthelfrith's sons Eanfrith, Oswald, and Oswiu fled to the north.
# Battle of Kernstown

The Battle of Kernstown may refer to one of two battles during the American Civil War, both fought in the general vicinity of Kernstown, Virginia:
* First Battle of Kernstown in 1862
* Second Battle of Kernstown in 1864
# Bayou Meto (disambiguation)

Bayou Meto is a river in Arkansas, U.S.
Bayou Meto may also refer to the following places in the U.S.:
* Bayou Meto, Arkansas County, Arkansas
* Bayou Meto, Lonoke County, Arkansas
* Bayou Meto Elementary School, Jacksonville North Pulaski School District, Arkansas
# Battle of Saint Kitts

The Battle of Saint Kitts, also known as the Battle of Frigate Bay, was a naval battle fought on 25 and 26 January 1782 during the American Revolutionary War between a British fleet under Rear Admiral Sir Samuel Hood and a larger French fleet under the Comte de Grasse.

## Background

When Hood returned to the West Indies in late 1781 after the Battle of the Chesapeake, he was for a time in independent command owing to Admiral George Rodney's absence in England. The French admiral, the Comte de Grasse, attacked the British islands of St Kitts and Nevis with 7,000 troops and 50 warships, including the 110-gun Ville de Paris. He started by besieging the British fortress on Brimstone Hill on 11 January 1782. Hoping to salvage the situation, Hood made for St Kitts by departing Antigua on 22 January with 22 ships of the line, compared to de Grasse's 36.

## Action

The British fleet on 24 January consisted of 22 sail of the line, and was close off the southeast end of Nevis. They ran into and captured the French 16-gun cutter Espion, which carried a large amount of ammunition for the besieging French forces at Brimstone Hill.
At daybreak on 25 January, the French fleet was discovered having stood to the southward of Basseterre, consisting of a 110-gun ship, 28 two-decked ships, and two frigates. Hood stood towards the French fleet with the apparent intention of bringing on action, and effectively drew the French fleet off the land. As soon as Hood effected this maneuver, he was aided by a favorable change in wind and was able to guide his fleet within the anchorage of Basseterre, which the French admiral had just quit. Hood ordered his fleet in an L-formation and then ordered his fleet to lay anchor. De Grasse made three distinct attacks upon the British fleet on 26 January but was repulsed.
The Pluton, commanded by D'Albert de Rions, led the French line, "receiving the crashing broadside of ship after ship until the splintered planking flew from her off side and her rigging hung in a tangled mass." Chauvent goes on to describe the battle as "...a sulphurous hell, with cannon vomiting forth flame and death." The entire battle lasted from 7:00 am to 6:30 pm, with the major action in the afternoon.

## Aftermath

Damage on both sides was heavy, though the French suffered higher casualties. However, Hood was unable to stop the French and could only observe the land action. After the successful French siege of Brimstone Hill fortress, St Kitts and Nevis surrendered on 12 February.
Hood left on the 14th and joined forces with the recently arrived Admiral George Rodney.

## Citations

* ↑ Jaques, Hood arrived and repulsed de Grasse with victory at sea off Basseterre p. 881
* 1 2 Allen p. 325
* ↑ Marly p. 342
* 1 2 3 Hubbard, Vincent (2002). A History of St. Kitts. Macmillan Caribbean. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-0-333-74760-5.
* ↑ Isaac Schomberg Naval Chronology, pp. 396–7
* ↑ "No. 12277". The London Gazette. 9 March 1782. pp. 3–4.
* ↑ Troude (1867), p. 215.
# Bee Mine Secondary School

18°24′43″S 29°25′52″E﻿ / ﻿18.411938°S 29.431118°E﻿ / -18.411938; 29.431118
Bee Mine Secondary School is a co-educational school in Zhombe Communal Land, Kwekwe District.

## Background

Bee Mine Secondary School was established in 1981.
Most Form One students here are Grade Seven graduates from Bee Mine Primary School just a hundred metres east, and small numbers from Somapani Primary School, Sidakeni Primary School and Mopani Primary School.
The school is listed as a geographical place in Midlands Province

## Location

It is 101 km northwest of Kwekwe by the shortest route and 73 km southwest of Kadoma and just 5.5 km north of Columbina Rural Service Center in Zhombe-East. It is along the Mabura caves road.

## Operations

Bee Mine Secondary School offers educational services from Form 1 to 4.
As a requirement in Zimbabwe GCE O Level pupils must pass a minimum of five subjects which should include, English, Mathematics, Science, History or one of the Technical subjects, and so subjects on offer here are Mathematics, Integrated Sciences, English Literature, English Language, Religious Studies, History, Geography, Commerce, Shona Language and Agriculture.
For GCE A Level the nearest high schools are Nyaradzo High School and Sidakeni High School.
# Beach Buggy Simulator

Beach Buggy Simulator is a video game released for the ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64 and Amstrad CPC in 1988.

## Gameplay

In Beach Buggy Simulator, the players have to drive a beach buggy through several dune trials by jumping over the rocks and similar hazards, scattered along the way. The buggy is equipped with a gun for shooting down the helicopters that are passing by, trying to destroy the vehicle. The goal is to reach the finish line before the time limit runs out.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Your Sinclair | 8/10 |
| Zzap!64 | 21% |
| Commodore Computing International | 4/10 |
| Commodore User | 5/10 |
# Beethoven's Nephew

Beethoven's Nephew (Original French title: Le neveu de Beethoven) is a 1985 French-German film directed by Paul Morrissey.

## Synopsis

Ludwig van Beethoven, a man with a difficult character, becomes the guardian of his nephew Karl. He helps him, watches him, and intervenes in his first romantic experience.

## Cast

* Wolfgang Reichmann as Ludwig van Beethoven
* Dietmar Prinz as Karl
* Jane Birkin as Johanna
* Nathalie Baye as Leonore
* Mathieu Carrière as Archduke Rudolf
* Ulrich Berr as Schindler
# Beishanichthys

Beishanichthys is an extinct genus of freshwater ray-finned fish which existed in Gansu Province, China during the Olenekian age of the early Triassic period. It contains a single species, B. brevicaudalis, first named by Guang-Hui Xu, Ke-Qin Gao in 2011 based on fossils from the Lower Triassic lake deposits exposed in northern Gansu, China. It is considered a scanilepiform, a group of early cladistians related to the modern bichirs, although Beishanichthys was not incorporated into the analyses that found this phylogenetic placement among the cladistians.
# Beinn Loinne

Beinn Loinne (also known as Druim nan Cnamh) (789 m) is a mountain in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It rises above the southern shore of Loch Cluanie in Inverness-shire.
The mountain takes the form of a long ridge, and although a familiar sight from the A87 road between Kintail and Glen Moriston it is still a remote peak. The nearest village is Dalchreichart to the east.
# Belfonds

Belfonds (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Orne department in northwestern France.

## Geography

The commune is made up of the following collection of villages and hamlets, Guichaumont, Le Haut Condé, Condé-le-Butor, Le Roussillon, La Fosse, La Philippière, La Perrière, Saint-Clair, Haussepied, Les Petites Bruyères and Belfonds.
It is 1,430 hectares (5.5 sq mi) in size. The highest point in the commune is 221 metres (725 ft).
Belfonds along with another 70 communes is part of a 20,593 hectare, Natura 2000 conservation area, called the Haute vallée de l'Orne et affluents.
Belfonds has a total of seven water courses running through it, three rivers The Orne, La Senneviere and La Thouane. The other four watercourses are all streams, The Ponts Besnard, The Renardieres, The Iles & the Viverel.
vteNeighbouring communes :
Macé
Mortrée
Belfonds
Sées
La Ferrière-Béchet :

## Notable buildings and places
### National heritage sites

The Commune has two buildings and areas listed as a Monument historique.
* Cléray Manor a sixteenth century manor house, that was listed as a monument in 2016.
* Saint-Latuin Chapel is the former church, of Cléray whose commune was abolished in 1802. It is believed that Latuinus, first bishop of Sées took refuge here to escape the hatred of the wife of the governor of Sées, jealous of his miracles. The bishop stopped at the edge of a fountain and built a cell and an oratory. The fountain is believed to have healing powers and on the last Sunday of June each year a pilgrimage is taken from the center of Belfonds.
* Church of Saint-Latuin
* Church of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption
* Chapel of Saint-Clair
# Bellavista-La Palmera

Bellavista-La Palmera is a district of the city of Seville, the regional capital of the Spanish region of Andalusia. It is situated on the eastern bank of the Guadalquivir river, to the south of the city centre (Casco Antiguo).

## Geography

The district is bordered by the Distrito Sur to the north. To the west, across the river on the Isla de La Cartuja, it borders the district of Los Remedios. The neighbouring municipality of Dos Hermanas borders the district to the east and south. The Guadaira river flows through the district before joining the Guadalquivir. The only territory in the whole of Seville to the south of the Guadaira is the neighbourhood of Bellavista, which transferred into the district from Dos Hermanas.

## Local businesses

The science and technology enterprise Abengoa is based in the district. The professional top-flight football club Real Betis play in the neighbourhood of Heliópolis, the source of their nickname Los Heliopitanos.
# Bellengreville, Seine-Maritime

Bellengreville (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in north-western France.

## Geography

A farming village situated by the banks of the river Eaulne in the Pays de Caux, some 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Dieppe, at the junction of the D 920 and the D 256 roads.

## Places of interest

* The church of St. Germain, dating from the eighteenth century.
* Remains of a thirteenth-century church at Inerville.
* A ruined sixteenth-century manorhouse.
# Belmont Township, Jackson County, Minnesota

Belmont Township is a township in Jackson County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 223 at the 2000 census.
Belmont Township was organized in 1867, and named for an early settler.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.2 square miles (94 km$^2$), of which 36.0 square miles (93 km$^2$) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$) (0.66%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 223 people, 90 households, and 66 families residing in the township. The population density was 6.2 inhabitants per square mile (2.4/km$^2$). There were 98 housing units at an average density of 2.7 per square mile (1.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.45% of the population.
There were 90 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.9% were married couples living together, 2.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.6% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 134.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 124.4 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $47,813, and the median income for a family was $51,071. Males had a median income of $31,000 versus $11,250 for females. The per capita income for the township was $23,215. About 4.4% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 8.2% of those 65 or over.

## Politics

Belmont Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a Democrat. At the state level, Belmont Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Doug Magnus, and in House District 22B, represented by Republican Rod Hamilton.
# Belarus at the 2015 Summer Universiade

Belarus participated at the 2015 Summer Universiade in Gwangju, South Korea.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sports

Medals by sport :
| Sport | | | | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Gymnastics-Rhythmic | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| Rowing | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Swimming | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Tennis | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 4 | 3 | 5 | 12 |

### Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
# BeltStrike: Riches and Danger in the Bowman Belt

BeltStrike: Riches and Danger in the Bowman Belt is a 1984 tabletop role-playing game adventure, written by J. Andrew Keith, with a cover by David Deitrick for Traveller published by Game Designers' Workshop. One of the classic Traveller Modules series.

## Plot summary

BeltStrike: Riches and Danger in the Bowman Belt describes history and geography of the Bowman asteroid system and its mining, located in District 268 as part of the Spinward Marches.

## Publication history

BeltStrike: Riches and Danger in the Bowman Belt was the second release in a series of boxed set adventure modules for Traveller.

## Reception

In the July–August 1984 edition of Space Gamer (No. 70), Craig Sheeley gave a strong recommendation, saying, "Buy Beltstrike. Where Tarsus was understandably limited, Beltstrike has information applicable anywhere men and aliens mine asteroids." Sheeley
In the January–February 1985 edition of Different Worlds (Issue #38), Tony Watson gave this book an average 2.5 stars out of 4, and pointed out that issues were not with the content but with the formatting and booklet size used, as well with as the high price charged. He concluded, "As usual. GDW has produced an attractive and well-written play-aid for Traveller; it is unfortunate that in this case that play-aid is inappropriately formatted and certainly too expensive."
# Bellheim (Verbandsgemeinde)

Bellheim is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Germersheim, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Bellheim.
The Verbandsgemeinde Bellheim consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
* Bellheim
* Knittelsheim
* Ottersheim bei Landau
* Zeiskam
# Benioff

Benioff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Benioff (born 1970), American writer, screenwriter and television producer
* Hugo Benioff (1899–1968), American seismologist and academic
** Wadati–Benioff zone
* Marc Benioff (born 1964), American businessman, founder of Salesforce
* Paul Benioff (1930-2022), physicist, quantum computing pioneer
# Bellechasse (Province of Canada electoral district)

Bellechasse was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada East. It was created by the Union Act, 1840 in 1841, based on the previous electoral district of the same name for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. It was located in the current Chaudière-Appalaches area.
Bellechasse was represented by one Member at the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada. It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Quebec.

## Boundaries

In 1840 the British Parliament passed the Union Act, 1840, which merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished.
The Union Act provided that the pre-existing electoral boundaries of Lower Canada and Upper Canada would continue to be used in the new Parliament, unless altered by the Union Act itself. The Bellechasse electoral district of Lower Canada was not altered by the Act, and therefore continued with the same boundaries which had been set by a statute of Lower Canada in 1829:
The electoral district of Bellechasse thus included the County of Bellechasse (now part of the Bellechasse Regional County Municipality), and some adjacent areas. The elections were held at Saint Vallier and Saint Gervais.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly (1841–1867)

Bellechasse was a single-member constituency.
The following were the members of the Legislative Assembly for Bellechasse. The party affiliations are based on the biographies of individual members given by the National Assembly of Quebec, as well as votes in the Legislative Assembly. "Party" was a fluid concept, especially during the early years of the Province of Canada.
| Parliament | Members | Members | Years in Office | Party | Party |
| 1st Parliament 1841-1844 | Augustin-Guillaume Ruel | Augustin-Guillaume Ruel | 1841–1842 | Anti-unionist; French-Canadian Group | |
| 1st Parliament 1841-1844 | Abraham Turgeon | Abraham Turgeon | 1842–1844 (by-election) | French-Canadian Group | French-Canadian Group |
| 2nd Parliament 1844–1847 | Augustin-Norbert Morin | | 1844–1851 | French-Canadian Group | French-Canadian Group |
| 3rd Parliament 1848–1851 | Augustin-Norbert Morin | | 1844–1851 | French-Canadian Group | French-Canadian Group |
| 4th Parliament 1851–1854 | Jean Chabot | | 1851–1854 | Ministerialist | Ministerialist |
| 5th Parliament 1854–1857 | Octave-Cyrille Fortier | Octave-Cyrille Fortier | 1854–1861 | Ministerialist | Ministerialist |
| 6th Parliament 1858–1861 | Octave-Cyrille Fortier | Octave-Cyrille Fortier | 1854–1861 | Bleu | Bleu |
| 7th Parliament 1861–1863 | Édouard Rémillard | | 1861–1867 | Rouge | Rouge |
| 8th Parliament 1863–1867 | Édouard Rémillard | | 1861–1867 | Confederation; Liberal | |
# Ben Daoud

Ben Daoud is a town and commune in Bordj Bou Arréridj Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 13,472.
# Bereket (disambiguation)

Bereket is a city in western Turkmenistan, formerly known as Kazandjik or Gazandjyk.
Bereket may also refer to:
* Bereket (name)
* Bereket, Burdur
* Bereket, Gülnar, a village in Mersin Province of Turkey
* Bereket, Kurşunlu
* Bereket District, a district of Balkan Province in Turkmenistan
* Bereket, a Kilim motif symbolising fertility