OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Avatar (spacecraft)

Avatar (Sanskrit: अवतार, ISO: Avatāra; from "Aerobic Vehicle for Transatmospheric Hypersonic Aerospace TrAnspoRtation") is a concept study for a robotic single-stage reusable spaceplane capable of horizontal takeoff and landing, by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation. The mission concept is for low cost military and commercial satellite space launches.
This spaceplane concept is unrelated to ISRO's RLV Technology Demonstration Programme (RLV-TD).

## Concept

The idea is to develop a spaceplane vehicle that can take off from conventional airfields. Its liquid air cycle engine would collect air in the atmosphere on the way up, liquefy it, separate oxygen and store it on board for subsequent flight beyond the atmosphere. The Avatar, a reusable launch vehicle, was first announced in May 1998 at the Aero India 98 exhibition held at Bangalore.
Avatar is projected to weigh 25 tons, of which 60% of that mass would be liquid hydrogen fuel. The oxygen required by the vehicle for combustion in outer space would be collected from the atmosphere during takeoff, thus reducing the need to carry oxygen during launch. The notional specification is for a payload weighing up to 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) to low Earth orbit and to withstand up to 100 launches and reentries.
If built, Avatar would take off horizontally like a conventional airplane from a conventional airstrip using turbo-ramjet engines that burn hydrogen and atmospheric oxygen. During this cruising phase, an on-board system would collect air from the atmosphere, from which liquid oxygen would be separated and stored and used to burn the stored hydrogen in the final flight phase to attain orbit. The vehicle would be designed to permit at least one hundred launches and atmospheric reentries.

## Feasibility study

The Avatar concept study was commissioned by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation in 2001. India's Space Agency ISRO has no connection with the project. Air Commodore Raghavan Gopalaswami, who headed the study, made a presentation on the spaceplane at the global conference on propulsion at Salt Lake City, United States on July 10, 2001.
# Abbot of Newbattle

The Abbot of Newbattle (later Commendator of Newbattle) was the head of the Cistercian monastic community of Newbattle Abbey, Midlothian. It was founded by David I of Scotland in 1140.

## List of abbots

* Radulf, 1140-1147x1150
* Amfrid, 1159-1179
* Hugh, 1179-1201
* Adam, 1201-1213
* Alan, 1213-1214
* Richard, 1214-1216
* Adam de Harcarres, 1216-1219
* Richard (I), 1219-1220
* Richard (II), 1220-1223
* Constantine, 1236
* Roger, 1236-1256
* William, 1256-1259
* Adam de Maxton, 1260-1261
* Guy, 1261-1269
* Waltheof, 1269 -1272
* Patrick (?)
* Walter (?)
* John, 1291-1296
* Gervase, 1306-1323
* William, 1328 -1345
* John de Wedel, 1329 x 1342
* Andrew, 1351
* William, 1356-1362
* Hugh de Moffet, 1366-1384 x 1392
* Nicholas, 1390
* John de Halis, 1392-1399
* John Gugy, 1402-1412x1413
* William de Manuel, 1412-1419
* Thomas de Langlandis, 1422
* Thomas Livingston, 1422
* David Croyser, 1422-1432 x 1443
* Thomas de Lundie, 1443-1458
* [William Hyriot listed in Thomas Innes's notes under 1458 (Newb. Reg., xxv.]
* Patrick Mador, 1461-1472See also Deer.
* John de Creton (Crichton), 1474
* John Atkinsoune, 1478-1482 x 1488
* Peter, x 1489
* Andrew Langlands (Longant, Longlad), 1489-1503
* John Turnbull, 1503-1520
* Edward Schewill, 1520-1529
* James Haswell, 1529-1547 [1557]

## List of commendators

* Mark Kerr (I), 1547-1584
* Mark Kerr (II), 1567-1587
# Brookston

Brookston can refer to a place in the United States:
* Brookston, Indiana
* Brookston, Minnesota
* Brookston, Texas
# Astrothelium clypeatum

Astrothelium clypeatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Vietnam, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot and Cécile Gueidan. The type specimen was collected from Cát Tiên National Park (Dong Nai Province); here it was found growing on the bark of some trees along a road. The lichen has an olive-green thallus that shows branched lines revealing the black prothallus underneath. No lichen products were detected in the species. The authors placed it in genus Astrothelium because of the "well-developed, corticate, rimose thallus", but acknowledge that it might belong to genus Pseudopyrenula. The species epithet clypeatum refers to the conical black ascomata, which have a pseudostromata resembling a clypeus (a shield-like growth).
# Bryotropha sabulosella

Bryotropha sabulosella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North Macedonia, Greece, Cyprus, Turkey and northern Iran.
The wingspan is 11–13 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from June to July and from September to October, probably in two generations per year.
# 2022 term United States Supreme Court opinions of John Roberts

* The 2022 term of the Supreme Court of the United States began October 3, 2022, and concluded October 1, 2023. This was the eighteenth term of Chief Justice John Roberts's tenure on the Court.
* John Roberts 2022 term statistics
* 6
* Majority or Plurality
* 0
* Concurrence
* 0
* Other
* 0
* Dissent
* 1
* Concurrence/dissent
* Total =
* 7
* Bench opinions = 7
* Opinions relating to orders = 0
* In-chambers opinions = 0
* Unanimous opinions: 2
* Most joined by: Kavanaugh (6 in full, 1 in part)
* Least joined by: Thomas, Sotomayor, Kagan, Gorsuch (4)
| Type | Case | Citation | Joined by | Other opinions |
| 301 | National Pork Producers Council v. Ross | 598 U.S. ___ (2023) | Alito, Kavanaugh, Jackson | Gorsuch Sotomayor Barrett Kavanaugh |
| 102 | Polselli v. Internal Revenue Service | 598 U.S. ___ (2023) | Unanimous | Jackson |
| 103 | Tyler v. Hennepin County | 598 U.S. ___ (2023) | Unanimous | Gorsuch |
| 104 | Allen v. Milligan | 599 U.S. ___ (2023) | Sotomayor, Kagan, Jackson; Kavanaugh (in part) | Kavanaugh Thomas Alito |
| 105 | Moore v. Harper | 600 U.S. ___ (2023) | Sotomayor, Kagan, Kavanaugh, Barrett, Jackson | Kavanaugh Thomas |
| 106 | Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College | 600 U.S. ___ (2023) | Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, Barrett | Thomas Gorsuch Kavanaugh Sotomayor Jackson |
| 107 | Biden v. Nebraska | 600 U.S. ___ (2023) | Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, Barrett | Barrett Kagan |
# Cargiant

Car Giant Ltd (styled Cargiant) is a British used car dealership based in White City, London. The company was founded in 1979 by Geoffrey Warren who still owns the company.

## History

For 2018, Cargiant had pre-tax profits on turnover of £475.8 million. In October 2019, Cargiant planned to create an electric vehicles centre.
In December 2019, the Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation (OPDC) had planned to buy 54 acres at Old Oak Common owned by Cargiant by compulsory purchase order, but Cargiant successfully disputed the value of the land, and the sale fell through.
# Butyriboletus abieticola

Butyriboletus abieticola is a pored mushroom in the family Boletaceae. It was originally described in 1975 by mycologist Harry Delbert Thiers as a species of Boletus, but transferred in 2014 to the newly created genus Butyriboletus.
# Avenae

Avenae may refer to:
* Acidovorax avenae, former scientific name for Acidovorax citrulli
* Aphelenchus avenae, nematode
* Cymindis avenae, species of ground beetle
* Erysiphe graminis f. sp. avenae, plant pathogen
* Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae, plant pathogen
* Heterodera avenae, plant pathogen
* Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, plant pathogen
* Pyrenophora avenae, species of fungus
* Sitobion avenae, aphid
* Spermospora avenae, plant pathogen
* Stagonospora avenae f.sp. triticae, plant pathogen
* Ustilago avenae, plant pathogen
# David B. Matchar

David B. Matchar is a Professor of Medicine and Pathology at Duke University School of Medicine, where he was Director of the Duke Center for Clinical Health Policy Research and the first Director of the Duke Evidence-based Practice Center.
In 2008 he became the Inaugural Director of the Programme in Health Services and Systems Research at the Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore and is a professor in the programme. He is the Head of Health Economics and Policy for the Singapore genomics initiative, PRECISE, and the Principal of Requisite Consulting, Singapore. He has been a Visiting Senior Research Fellow at Green Templeton College, University of Oxford.

## Research work

Matchar has contributed to the application of Decision Theory and System Dynamics to complex problems in health care. He has led several research initiatives demonstrating the value of causal/calculational models not only as analytic tools, but as boundary objects to synergize multidisciplinary research. This includes the Stroke Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) which was used to identify the most promising targets for reducing the burden of stroke in the US, including a version specifically for the Department of Veterans Affairs; and the Enhancing Primary Care (EPC) model developed to support healthcare transformation in Singapore. He was given the A*STaR Career Award by the Singapore National Medical Research Council to develop capabilities in systems modeling to address the problems of caring for the increasingly elderly and medically complex population of Singapore, under the Health Systems Design Lab and extended internationally, including Europe, Southeast Asia, the United States and the South Pacific.
He currently serves on the Systems Thinking Expert Group (STEG) of the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, hosted by the World Health Organization.

## Honors and awards

* Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (1980)
* STaR Investigator Award (2009), Singapore Ministry of Health’s (MOH) National Medical Research Council (NMRC) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STaR)
* Stroke Rehabilitation Award, American Stroke Association (2021)
* Paul Dudley White International Scholar Award (2021)
* SingHealth Duke-NUS Research Team Award (2021) COVID-19 Virtual Disease Health System Outbreak Model for Singapore (CoViD-SOS)
# A jj 12″

a jj 12″ is an EP by the Swedish band JJ, released on their label Sincerely Yours in December 2009. It consists of two songs from jj n° 2, "from africa to málaga" and "intermezzo", and two previously unreleased songs, "baby" and "the truth". A video for the song "baby", directed by Marcus Söderlund featuring slow-motion footage of horses, was released on the Sincerely Yours website. It was released as a 12″ vinyl in a limited amount and made available for download.

## Track listing

* "from africa to málaga" – 2:50
* "baby" – 2:04
* "intermezzo" – 2:48
* "the truth" – 2:31
# Coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk

Coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk is a legendary creature in folklore of Masovia in Poland, that is depicted as a Slavic dragon or wyvern. It was used in the coat of arms of the Masovian Piast dynasty, most notably in the coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk and the Duchy of Warsaw, where it was depicted respectively as a green and red dragon with red tongue and claws.

## History

According to some historians, the dragon was adapted in Polish heraldry from the Matter of Britain. It most likely was introduced as a coat of arms of the Czersk Land thanks to Magnus, son of Harold Godwinson, king of England, that was a komes in Masovia in the 12th century. The oldest known appearance of the Piast Dragon is the seal of duke Trojden I, ruler of the Duchy of Warsaw, that was used after 1311. Later, it was used in the coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk. According to Jan Długosz, Piast Dragon had appeared on the banner used by duke Janusz I of Warsaw during the Battle of Grunwald in 1410. The dragon has also been present in the coat of arms of the town of Nowy Żmigród. It was introduced in the area in 14th century by Yuri II Boleslav, ruler of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, who was the son of Trojden I.
Currently, the dragon is present in the coat of arms of several counties of Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, that are: Garwolin (since 2002), Grójec (since 2000), Ostrów (since 2002), Otwock, Pruszków, and Warsaw West. It is also used in the coat of arms of municipilaties of Lesznowola and Nowy Żmigród.

## In folklore

According to the local Masovian folklore, the dragon lived in the dungeons located underground between the Czersk Castle and the village of Coniew, and guarded the treasures of duke Konrad I of Masovia.
In the local folklore of Nowy Żmigród, a dragon, a wyvern, or a giant viperinae, lived in the nest on the tree, that was located on the hill near the castle in Stary Żmigród. Nobody was able to drive it away.

## Gallery

* The coat of arms of the Duchy of Warsaw.
* The coat of arms of the Garwolin County.
* The coat of arms of the Grójec County.
* The coat of arms of the Ostrów County.
* The coat of arms of the Otwock County used since 2008.
* The coat of arms of the Otwock County used until 2008.
* The coat of arms of the Pruszków County.
* The coat of arms of the Warsaw West County used from 2012.
* The coat of arms of the Warsaw West County used from 2000 to 2012.
* The coat of arms of the municipality of Lesznowola.
* The coat of arms of the municipality of Nowy Żmigród.
# Brown guitarfish

The brown guitarfish (Rhinobatos schlegelii) is a species of fish in the Rhinobatidae family. It is found in western Pacific of Taiwan and the Philippines. Its natural habitats are open seas, shallow seas, coral reefs, and estuarine waters. The Taiwan guitarfish (Rhinobatos formosensis) was formerly considered a distinct species, but is now considered a junior synonym.
# Astrothelium cryptolucens

Astrothelium cryptolucens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Panama, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Robert Lücking, Matthew Nelsen, and Noris Salazar Allen. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Altos de Campana National Park (near Capira) at an altitude of 500–600 m (1,600–2,000 ft); there, in a submontane rainforest, it was found growing on the bark of roadside trees. The lichen has an uneven to coarsely bumpy, olive-yellow thallus that covers areas of up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter. The species epithet cryptolucens makes reference both to the habit of the immersed perithecia and the presence of lichexanthone. The characteristics of the lichen that distinguish it from others in genus Astrothelium are the finely and densely cracked pseudostromata that dominate the thallus, with dispersed thallus bumps; and the hardly visible ascomata that are completely immersed in pseudostromata. A. cryptolucens is somewhat similar to Astrothelium carrascoense, but that species does not have an inspersed hamathecium.
# Buddha's Light International Association

The Buddha's Light International Association (Chinese: 國際佛光會; pinyin: Guójì fóguāng huì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok-chè Hu̍t-kong ē), commonly known as BLIA, is a lay Buddhist organization. BLIA was established by Hsing Yun in 1992. The organization is associated with Fo Guang Shan, the largest Buddhist organization in Taiwan.
In 2003, BLIA was granted the NGO association status by the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and Department of Public Information (DPI).
Wu Po-hsiung, former chairman of the Kuomintang, is an active member and served as the BLIA's second president.
The world headquarters is located on the Hsi Lai Temple grounds in Hacienda Heights, California.

## BLIA Website

* BLIA World Headquarters
* BLIA Taiwan
# Cargadero de Dícido

The Cargadero de Dícido or Cargadero de Mineral de Mioño is a historic mineral loader (cargadero) located in the town of Mioño [es], in Castro Urdiales, Cantabria, Spain. It has been declared a Cultural Interest Asset.

## History

It gave service to the nearby Dícido mines, which are now abandoned. The first Dícido loading dock was built in 1880 by M.T. Seiring, partner of Gustave Eiffel. It was destroyed in 1937 during the Spanish Civil War, and was replaced by the current structure in 1938. It was designed by the Compañía Anónima Basconia and Gortazar Hermanos and built by Altos Hornos de Vizcaya.
It was declared a Cultural Interest Asset in 1996.

## Description

It is composed of a large circular section pillar, made of dimension stone, supporting a cantilevered iron structure.
# C. Glenn Howard

Charles Glenn Howard (July 24, 1897 – March 30, 1946) was an American racing driver. He attempted to make the 1920 Indianapolis 500, but failed to qualify. He qualified for the 1922 race driving a Fronty-Ford. Those were his only two Championship Car appearances.
Howard died at the age of 48 in Trenton, Michigan of a heart attack.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1920 | 24 | DNQ | 0.000 | – | – | – | – | Failed to qualify |
| 1922 | 19 | 27 | 83.900 | 25 | 18 | 165 | 0 | Engine Trouble |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 165 | 0 | |
| Starts | 1 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 0 |
| Retired | 1 |
# Avižieniai

Avižieniai [avʲɪ'ʒʲɪenʲɪai] is a town in Vilnius District Municipality, Lithuania, 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) west of the A2 Vilnius-Panevėžys highway. The village had a population of 2,125 as of 2011, which grew to 2,318 inhabitants in 2021 (according to the national census results) and is a centre of Avižieniai Eldership. During the Soviet period, a gardening farm (specialized kolkhoz) was formed in Avižieniai, which territorially also covered what is now Fabijoniškės and Pašilaičiai microdistricts in Vilnius. Avižieniai is famous for its manufacturing: motor vehicle bus manufacturer – ALTAS komercinis transportas with more than 200 employees, smaller steel furniture factory and other industry.
# David Bergen

David Bergen (born January 14, 1957) is a Canadian novelist. He has published eleven novels and two collections of short stories since 1993 and is currently based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. His 2005 novel The Time in Between won the Scotiabank Giller Prize and he was a finalist again in 2010 (for The Matter With Morris) and 2020 (for Here the Dark), making the long list in 2008 (for The Retreat).

## Life and career

Bergen was born on January 14, 1957, in Port Edward, a small fishing village in British Columbia, Canada, and later grew up in the small town of Niverville, Manitoba. He went to Bible college in British Columbia and Red River College in Winnipeg, Manitoba, where he studied creative communication. He taught English and Creative Writing at Winnipeg's Kelvin High School until 2002.
Raised Mennonite, Bergen has noted that the tendency of the church to stifle questions and criticism affected his decision to write fiction. "Writing is a way of figuring things out," he says. "If you can't ask certain questions in church, maybe you can ask them in fiction."
His debut novel, A Year of Lesser in 1996, was a New York Times Notable Book and winner of the McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award. His 2002 novel The Case of Lena S. was a finalist for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction, and won the Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award. It was also a finalist for the McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award, and the Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction.
His 2005 novel The Time in Between won the Scotiabank Giller Prize, received a coveted starred review in the Kirkus Reviews trade magazine, and was recently longlisted for the 2007 International Dublin Literary Award. In 2008, he published his fifth novel, The Retreat, which was longlisted for the Scotiabank Giller Prize, and which won the McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award, and the Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction. In 2010, he was shortlisted again for the Scotiabank Giller Prize for his sixth novel, The Matter with Morris, which was also shortlisted for the 2012 International Dublin Literary Award.
He is also the author of a collection of short fiction, Sitting Opposite My Brother (1993), which was a finalist for the Manitoba Book of the Year. His most recent short story collection, Here the Dark, was published in 2020, and was shortlisted for the Giller Prize and the 2021 ReLit Award for short fiction.
His 2023 novel Away from the Dead was longlisted for the Giller Prize.
# Cole Nelson

Cole Nelson (born March 12, 1997) is a Canadian professional gridiron football offensive lineman and defensive lineman who is a free agent. He most recently played for the Edmonton Elks of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

## University career

Nelson played U Sports football for the Alberta Golden Bears from 2016 to 2020 as a defensive lineman. He played in 17 games where he had 21 total tackles, one sack, and one fumble recovery.

## Professional career

Nelson was drafted in the first round, fifth overall, by the Edmonton Elks in the 2021 CFL Draft and signed with the team on June 23, 2021. He began the year on the injured list, but made his professional debut in week 3, on August 19, 2021, against the BC Lions. He played in nine games in 2021 where he had three defensive tackles.
In 2022, Nelson spent the majority of the season on the practice roster and converted to the offensive line. He dressed in one regular season game as a backup defensive lineman. At the end of the season, he signed a one-year contract extension on November 2, 2022. In 2023, Nelson played in 10 regular season games, including eight starts at defensive tackle, where he had 10 defensive tackles. On January 5, 2024, it was announced that he had signed a two-year extension with the Elks. However, he was released prior to training camp on May 12, 2024.
# Bruce-Donaldson House

The Bruce-Donaldson House is a historic two-story house in Yankton, South Dakota. It was built in 1879 for James E. Bruce, who sold it to Fred Donaldson, an immigrant from Sweden who became a grocer in Yankton. It was designed in the Italianate architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 5, 1982.
# Athemistus funereus

Athemistus funereus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866. It is known from Australia.
# Buck & Buddy

Buck & Buddy is an album by trumpeter Buck Clayton and saxophonist Buddy Tate which was recorded in 1960 and released on the Swingville label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Scott Yanow of AllMusic states, "The melodic music consistently swings and practically defines "mainstream" jazz. Worth picking up".

## Track listing

All compositions by Buck Clayton except where noted
* "High Life" – 5:25
* "When a Woman Loves a Man" (Bernie Hanighen, Gordon Jenkins, Johnny Mercer) – 5:34
* "Thou Swell" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 5:14
* "Can't We Be Friends?" (Paul James, Kay Swift) – 4:03
* "Birdland Betty" – 8:01
* "Kansas City Nights" – 5:42

## Personnel

* Buck Clayton – trumpet
* Buddy Tate – tenor saxophone
* Sir Charles Thompson – piano
* Gene Ramey – bass
* Mousie Alexander – drums