OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Broughton Township, Livingston County, Illinois

Broughton Township is located in Livingston County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 313 and it contained 139 housing units. Broughton Township changed its name from Broughtonville Township on October 3, 1860.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.24 square miles (91.3 km$^2$), all land.
# Bulbophyllum oligochaete

Bulbophyllum oligochaete is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# 2023 LEN Women's Super Cup

The 2023 LEN Women's Super Cup was the 17th edition of the annual trophy organised by LEN and contested by the reigning champions of the two European competitions for women's water polo clubs. The match was between European champions Astralpool Sabadell of Spain (winners of the 2022–23 Women's Champions League) and UVSE Budapest of Hungary (winners of the 2022–23 LEN Women's Euro Cup). The match was held on 7 November 2023. Astralpool Sabadell won a record fourth title, winning the final 14–11.

## Teams

| Team | Qualification | Previous participation (bold indicates winners) |
| Astralpool Sabadell | Winners of the 2022–23 LEN Women's Champions League | 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2019 |
| UVSE Budapest | Winners of the 2022–23 LEN Women's Euro Cup | 2017 |

## Final

| 7 November 18:45 | Report | Astralpool Sabadell | 14–11 | UVSE Budapest | Alfréd Hajós National Swimming Stadium, Budapest Attendance: 500 Referees: Alessia Ferrari (ITA), Maria Daskalopoulou (GRE) |
| Alfréd Hajós National Swimming Stadium, Budapest Attendance: 500 Referees: Alessia Ferrari (ITA), Maria Daskalopoulou (GRE) |||
| 7 November 18:45 | Report | Forca 3 | Goals | Panna, Panna 3 | Alfréd Hajós National Swimming Stadium, Budapest Attendance: 500 Referees: Alessia Ferrari (ITA), Maria Daskalopoulou (GRE) |
# Catania Elephants

The Catania Elephants are a professional American football team in Catania, Italy. They played in the Italian Football League from 2008 to 2012. The Elephants reached the IFL Super Bowl Championship game in 2010 and 2012, but lost to the Parma Panthers both times. The Elephants failed to apply for the 2013 IFL season due to money issues, so the team started the 2013 season in LeNAF (II Division), another nationwide football league with no imports (only Italian Players).
# Ave Maria – En Plein Air

Ave Maria – En Plein Air is the first classical, and the fifth studio album released by the Finnish soprano Tarja Turunen.
On the 22 July 2015, earMUSIC released a video announcing the existence of the album, following with a teaser trailer on 6 August. The full music video was not released until 13 August that year, with Tarja singing the rare "Ave Maria" by Paolo Tosti.

## Background

In an interview with Winter Storm Slovakia, Tarja talked a little about the recording sessions :
"All the musicians performed the songs together with me without an audience" and continues saying "Nothing has been edited nor any studio tricks have been used" and finishes with "So what you hear on the record, is purely how the songs sounded in Lakeuden Risti church during the recording session."
She also says that this is a very important album to her, since "It represents her long background in classical music and her knowledge as a lyrical singer".

## Track listing
### Musicians

* Tarja Turunen – soprano
* Kalevi Kiviniemi – organ
* Marius Järvi – cello
* Kirsi Kiviharju – harp

## Chart performance

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 165 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 159 |
| Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista) | 31 |
# CD Shoot

CD Shoot is a video game developed and published by Eaglevision Interactive Productions for the Philips CD-i in 1992. The aim of the game is clay pigeon shooting. The game has four modes: sporting, olympic trap, balltrap and English skeet.

## Reception

| Rated by | Date | Score |
| Power Unlimited | September 1993 | 75% |
| The CD-i Collective | 2004 | 40% |
# David McLean (umpire)

David McLean is a Scottish advocate and cricket umpire. He is a member of the Development Panel of ICC Umpires. McLean played as a wicket-keeper in local domestic cricket in Scotland, becoming an umpire in 2014. He stood in his first One Day International (ODI) match, between Scotland and Sri Lanka, on 21 May 2019. He stood in his first Twenty20 International (T20I) match, between Scotland and the Netherlands, on 16 September 2019.
He was one of the on-field umpires for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies.
# Abisara tantalus

Abisara tantalus, the blue-spot Judy, is a butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of humid and dense forests.

## Subspecies

* Abisara tantalus tantalus (Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana)
* Abisara tantalus caerulea Carpenter & Jackson, 1950 (Nigeria: south and Cross River loop, Cameroon, Congo, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo)
* Abisara tantalus cyanis Callaghan, 2003 (eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo)
# Coghills Creek, Victoria

Coghills Creek is a locality in central Victoria, Australia. The locality is in the City of Ballarat local government area, 136 kilometres (85 mi) west of the state capital, Melbourne.
At the 2021 census, Coghills Creek had a population of 80.
# Caterair

Caterair was the name of a Texas-based investment, Caterair International, Inc., of the private equity firm Carlyle Group. It provided in-flight meals for passengers on large commuter aircraft. It is famous for its association with George W. Bush, who was a member of its board of directors between 1990 and 1994, and even served on its audit committee. He quit the Board to run for the position of Texas governor, months before the firm declared bankruptcy.
Carlyle acquired the business from Marriott Corp. which sold its In-Flite Services catering business to Marriott’s upper management. Carlyle took a 50% stake, committing $93.8 million. The business was renamed Caterair. The investment was funded primarily by a massive issuance of junk bond financing, as was the trend at that time.
With the global economy spiralling into recession during the early 1990s, the airline business faltered, and with it did Caterair. It eventually defaulted on its debt obligations during 1994. Hence, it was later dubbed CraterAir, by Wall Street analysts.
Caterair was sold by Carlyle to the Canadian private equity firm, Onex Corporation, in September 1995 which merged it with its other acquisition LSG/Sky Chef.

## Quotes

* David Rubenstein (a founder of the Carlyle Group) described that time to a convention of pension managers in Los Angeles last year, recalling that Republican fund raiser, Fred Malek approached him and said, "There is a guy who would like to be on the board. He's kind of down on his luck a bit. Needs a job. . . . Needs some board positions." Though Rubenstein didn't think George W. Bush, then in his mid-40s, "added much value," he put him on the Caterair board. "Came to all the meetings," Rubenstein told the conventioneers. "Told a lot of jokes. Not that many clean ones. And after a while I kind of said to him, after about three years: You know, I'm not sure this is really for you. Maybe you should do something else. Because I don't think you're adding that much value to the board. You don't know that much about the company." He said: "Well, I think I'm getting out of this business anyway. And I don't really like it that much. So I'm probably going to resign from the board." And I said "thanks". Didn't think I'd ever see him again.' - The New York Times, Ron Suskind, Without A Doubt, 17 October 2004, his uncited original source being Mazur, Suzan (1 July 2003). "How Bush Got Bounced From Carlyle Board". Progressive Review. Archived from the original on 3 Jul 2003. Retrieved 11 May 2023..
# Axiopoena

Axiopoena is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Ménétriés in 1842.

## Species

The genus consists of the following species:
* Axiopoena maura (Eichwald, 1830)
* Axiopoena karelini Ménétriés, 1863
# C2H7NO2S

The molecular formula C$_2$H$_7$NO$_2$S (molar mass: 109.15 g/mol) may refer to:
* 1-Aminoethanesulfinic acid
* Ammonium thioglycolate
* Dimethylsulfuramidous acid
* Ethanesulfonamide
* 2-Hydroxyethanesulfinamide
* Hypotaurine
* N-Methoxymethanesulfinamide
* N-Methylmethanesulfonamide
* 1-(Methylsulfonyl)methanamine
# Abu al-Abbas al-Nahawandi

Abu al-Abbas al-Nahawandi (Persian: ابوالعباس نهاوندی died 1010), full name Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Fadl al-Nahawandi, was a 10th-century Muslim Sufi mystic who lived in Nahavand, Iran. He is known amongst followers of Sufism as a trustworthy spiritual companion and an experienced elder in Islamic mysticism. Nahawandi was a companion of Baba Kuhi of Shiraz.

## Life

Abu al-Abbas al-Nahawandi was born in the 10th century in Nahavand.
His year of birth is not known, but is said to have been in the late half of the 10th century. He was a contemporary of the Buyid ruler 'Adud al-Dawla. Nahawandi later moved to Baghdad temporarily to complete his spiritual journey.
Nahawandi also became a disciple of Sheikh Ja'far Khalidi, who was in turn a disciple of Junayd of Baghdad. Nahawandi was also a good friend of Baba Kuhi, and they conversed a lot together. He spent twelve years of his life in asceticism. The exploits and miracles of Nahawandi are mentioned by later Sufi mystics, like Abdullah Ansari, Attar of Nishapur and Abd al-Rahman Jami' in their biographical works.
Abu al-Abbas al-Nahawandi died in the early 11th century. His death date is not completely known, however some scholars have stated that he died in the year 1010. He was buried in the Darb Shaykh neighbourhood of Nahavand.

## Tomb

During the Qajar period, a mausoleum was built over Nahawandi's grave. It is a quadrilateral building with an area of 39 square metres and a height of 3.5 metres. The building was at one point a place of pilgrimage, however in recent times it became dilapidated and ignored. The building was subsequently closed, until 2015 when restoration works were done. After the restoration, the mausoleum was reopened and visitors were allowed in. It is currently a national heritage monument of Iran.
# Coherent set of characters

In mathematical representation theory, coherence is a property of sets of characters that allows one to extend an isometry from the degree-zero subspace of a space of characters to the whole space. The general notion of coherence was developed by Feit (1960, 1962), as a generalization of the proof by Frobenius of the existence of a Frobenius kernel of a Frobenius group and of the work of Brauer and Suzuki on exceptional characters. Feit & Thompson (1963, Chapter 3) developed coherence further in the proof of the Feit–Thompson theorem that all groups of odd order are solvable.

## Definition

Suppose that H is a subgroup of a finite group G, and S a set of irreducible characters of H. Write I(S) for the set of integral linear combinations of S, and I$_0$(S) for the subset of degree 0 elements of I(S). Suppose that τ is an isometry from I$_0$(S) to the degree 0 virtual characters of G. Then τ is called coherent if it can be extended to an isometry from I(S) to characters of G and I$_0$(S) is non-zero. Although strictly speaking coherence is really a property of the isometry τ, it is common to say that the set S is coherent instead of saying that τ is coherent.

## Feit's theorem

Feit proved several theorems giving conditions under which a set of characters is coherent. A typical one is as follows. Suppose that H is a subgroup of a group G with normalizer N, such that N is a Frobenius group with kernel H, and let S be the irreducible characters of N that do not have H in their kernel. Suppose that τ is a linear isometry from I$_0$(S) into the degree 0 characters of G. Then τ is coherent unless
* either H is an elementary abelian group and N/H acts simply transitively on its non-identity elements (in which case I$_0$(S) is zero)
* or H is a non-abelian p-group for some prime p whose abelianization has order at most 4|N/H|$^2$+1.

### Examples

If G is the simple group SL$_2$(F$_{2n}$) for n>1 and H is a Sylow 2-subgroup, with τ induction, then coherence fails for the first reason: H is elementary abelian and N/H has order 2$^n$–1 and acts simply transitively on it.
If G is the simple Suzuki group of order (2$^n$–1) 2$^{2n}$( 2$^{2n}$+1) with n odd and n>1 and H is the Sylow 2-subgroup and τ is induction, then coherence fails for the second reason. The abelianization of H has order 2$^n$, while the group N/H has order 2$^n$–1.

## Examples

In the proof of the Frobenius theory about the existence of a kernel of a Frobenius group G where the subgroup H is the subgroup fixing a point and S is the set of all irreducible characters of H, the isometry τ on I$_0$(S) is just induction, although its extension to I(S) is not induction.
Similarly in the theory of exceptional characters the isometry τ is again induction.
In more complicated cases the isometry τ is no longer induction. For example, in the Feit–Thompson theorem the isometry τ is the Dade isometry.
# Brunn, Sweden

Brunn is a locality situated in Värmdö Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 950 inhabitants in 2010.
# Athol Manor

Athol is a historic slave manor and rectory located in Columbia (Simpsonville), Howard County, Maryland, U.S.

## History

Athol Manor was built as the neighboring rectory of the Christ Church Guilford, which was built on the site of a 1711 burned church which was rebuilt. Edmund Lord Bishop of London sent Viscount of Oxenford, James MacGill to administer a chapel of ease in Queen Caroline Parish in Anne Arundel County. (later broke off to become Howard County.) On 17 August 1732, King Charles granted 600 acres (240 ha) to James MacGill to form a new Church of England in the Maryland Colony. The patent was titled "Athol" after MacGill's home in Scotland. The title named the county "Winkepin", a reference to the future Wincopin plantation. "Williams Lot", "Scantlings Lot", and "Brown's Hopyard" were combined into a new 875-acre (354 ha) patent named "Athole Enlarged" on 29 September 1763. MacGill brought laborers from Scotland and local slaves to construct the granite building where he raised eleven children with his wife Sarah Hilleary. Construction on Athole started in 1732, and finished by 1740. A side addition was built in 1768. A steep roof and door size windows were built to minimize taxes to Britain on certain features. A square cupola was added, and later removed due to deterioration. A conservatory was constructed in the 1980s.
In 1776, the American Revolutionary War caused the cutoff from the Church of England. MacGill accumulated a total of 837 acres (339 ha) to his estate before he died in 1779 and was buried on the estate. The property was contested among the MacGill heirs until sold to John Hathaway in 1821 for $3,944.50. In 1866 the house was the residence of Richard Gambrill MacGill. Subsequent owners included Nehemiah Moxley Sr, whose descendants would serve as county commissioner and subdivider of large tracts of Howard County to form the Columbia development. In 1927, the estate was conveyed by James Clark to local newspaper magnate Paul Griffith Stromberg. From 1927 to 1946 the Melvin Coar family occupied the house who added electricity, plumbing and central heating. Tom and Edwina Dike maintained the house until 1986 as Columbia was built on subdivisions of the land.
The property located adjacent to Route 29, has been subdivided down to 147 acres (59 ha) in 1863, 14 acres (5.7 ha) in 1976, and just 2.3 acres (0.93 ha) surrounding the site today. The site with a stone marker labeled Athol 1730, was purchased by the Rouse Company. Two Gravesites located on the estate were moved for residential development, gravesites to the east had tombstones removed without bodies re-interred before development. A 1997 historical survey recommending the property for National Historic Register status for significant contributions to history, Architecture and artistic merit. The recommendation was denied by the office of preservation services. All but one pre-colonial structures in the limits of the planned community of Columbia have been denied historic status. Martin Road Park was formed out of a small tract adjacent to the manor home.
# 2024 International Challenger Zhangjiagang

The 2024 International Challenger Zhangjiagang was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Zhangjiagang, China between 26 August and 1 September 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| HKG | Coleman Wong | 153 | 1 |
| KOR | Hong Seong-chan | 154 | 2 |
| TPE | Hsu Yu-hsiou | 185 | 3 |
| JPN | Yasutaka Uchiyama | 197 | 4 |
| AUS | Marc Polmans | 201 | 5 |
| KAZ | Beibit Zhukayev | 217 | 6 |
| EST | Mark Lajal | 250 | 7 |
| | Egor Gerasimov | 256 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 19 August 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Tang Sheng
* Wu Yibing
* Zhou Yi
The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate:
* Philip Henning
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Egor Agafonov
* Norbert Gombos
* Lukáš Pokorný
* Ajeet Rai
* Yusuke Takahashi
* Kris van Wyk
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Evgeny Donskoy

## Champions
### Singles

* Yasutaka Uchiyama def. Mark Lajal 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, 6–2, 6–2.

### Doubles

* Kaichi Uchida / Takeru Yuzuki def. Francis Alcantara / Pruchya Isaro 6–1, 7–5.
# Avvaiyar (8th-century poet)

Avvaiyar (Tamil: ஔவையார்) was a Tamil poet who lived during the seventh or eighth century and was a follower of the poet-saint Sundarar. She was the author of Vinayagar Agaval, a devotional poetic hymn to the Hindu deity Ganesha. The name Avvaiyar means a 'respectable good woman', hence a generic title; her personal name is not known.
# C2K

The acronym C2K may refer to:
* Classroom 2000 - a Northern Ireland-wide information and communications network
* Coast To Kosciuszko - ultramarathon run from sea level in mainland Australia
# David Leatherbarrow

David Leatherbarrow is Professor of Architecture and Chair of the Graduate Group in Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania School of Design, Philadelphia, where he has taught since 1984. He received his B.Arch. from the University of Kentucky and holds a Ph.D. in Art from the University of Essex. He has also taught in England, at Cambridge University and the University of Westminster (formerly the Polytechnic of Central London).
He is primarily known for his contributions to the field of architectural phenomenology. Questions of how architecture appears, how architecture is perceived, and how topography shapes architecture often direct his research.
He is influenced by architectural theorists Dalibor Vesely and Joseph Rykwert, who both taught at Essex in the 1970s and also influenced Alberto Pérez-Gómez and numerous other scholars in the field of architectural phenomenology and history.

## Select list of Leatherbarrow's writings

* The Roots of Architectural Invention: Site, Enclosure, Materials, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1993.
* On Weathering: The Life of Buildings in Time, with Mohsen Mostafavi, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press 1993.
* Uncommon Ground: Architecture, Technology, and Topography, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press 2000.
* Topographical Stories: Studies in Landscape and Architecture, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press 2004.
* Surface Architecture, with Mohsen Mostafavi, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press 2005.
* Architecture Oriented Otherwise, New Haven: Princeton Architectural Press 2008.
* Twentieth-Century Architecture, Companion to the History of Architecture Vol. 4, with Alexander Eisenschmidt, Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley 2017.
* Three Cultural Ecologies, with Richard Wesley, London: Routledge 2017.
* Building Time: Architecture, Event, and Experience, Bloomsbury Visual Arts 2020.

## Awards & Recognitions

* Topaz Medallion for Excellence in Architectural Education, awarded by AIA and ACSA, 2020.
# Aby Lagoon

The Aby Lagoon complex is the second largest lagoon in Ivory Coast, after Ébrié Lagoon. As a whole, the lagoon has an area of 424 km$^2$ (164 sq mi), a mean depth of 3.5 m (11 ft), and a volume of 1.57 km$^3$ (0.38 cu mi). It drains into the Atlantic Ocean through shallow channels between the Ehotilé Islands that converge at Assinie-Mafia, where Assoindé Lagoon also connects from the west. Assoindé Lagoon connects the Aby Lagoon complex to Ébrié Lagoon through the Assinie Canal.
The Aby Lagoon complex comprises three named sections: from west to east, they are the Aby Lagoon proper, Tendo Lagoon, and Ehy Lagoon. Covering 305 km$^2$ (118 sq mi), the main Aby Lagoon is the largest of the three sections, extending 24.5 kilometres (15.2 mi) north from the mouth of the complex and having a maximum width of 15.5 km (9.6 mi) and a mean depth of 4.2 m (14 ft). On its southeastern side, the Tendo Lagoon forms an arm 3–5 km (1.9–3.1 mi) wide that extends 22 km (14 mi) east and covers 74 km$^2$ (29 sq mi); it is divided between Ivory Coast in the north and Ghana in the south. Located in Ivory Coast, Ehy Lagoon extends northeast from the eastern end of Tendo Lagoon, covering 45 km$^2$ (17 sq mi). A subsidiary lagoon known as Univaye Lagoon is located in Ghana and drains into Tendo Lagoon from the east.
The Bia River feeds the main Aby Lagoon from the north, while the Tano River discharges into Tendo Lagoon from the east. These two rivers combine to drain an area of 27,650 km$^2$ (10,680 sq mi).
The climate in the area features two rainy seasons (May to July; October to November) and two dry seasons (August to September; December to April). The annual rainfall is about 2,000 mm (79 in). Salinity in the lagoon varies with rainfall and peaks in March and April. The southern part of the main Aby Lagoon has the highest salinity, while the areas near the mouths of the Bia and Tano remain fresh throughout the year.
Agriculture and fishing are the main economic activities around the lagoon. Ethmalosa fimbriata accounts for 60% to 80% of the fish catch in the lagoon. The main crops in the surrounding area are coconut, oil palm, banana, cocoa and coffee.
The Ehotilé Islands are protected as Îles Ehotilés National Park, established in 1974 on the initiative of the local communities. They also form part of the Ramsar site of Iles Ehotilé-Essouman, which covers 272.74 km$^2$ (105.31 sq mi) of the lagoon and surrounding areas.