OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# David Paton (disambiguation)

David Paton (born 1949) is a Scottish bassist, guitarist and singer.
David Paton may also refer to:
* David Paton (architect) (1801–1882), Scots-born architect known for North Carolina State Capitol
* David Paton (artist) (fl. 1660–1670), Scottish portrait miniature artist
* Dave Paton (canoeist), American slalom canoeist, see 1989 Canoe Slalom World Cup
* David Paton (doctor) (1912–2008), British Army medical officer
* David Paton (footballer) (1943–2020), Scottish footballer for Southampton F.C.
* David Paton (missionary) (1913-1992), a British missionary to China
* David Paton (ophthalmologist) (born 1930), founder of an ophthalmological charity
* David C. Paton, conservation ecologist, ornithologist, academic, and author
# Blagrave

Blagrave is a surname, and may refer to:
* Daniel Blagrave (1603–1668), English politician
* Herbert Blagrave (1899–1981), English cricketer
* John Blagrave (c. 1561 – 1611), English mathematician
* John Blagrave (major) (1630–1704), English politician
* Joseph Blagrave (1610–1682), English astrologer
* Mark Blagrave (born 1956), Canadian writer
* Thomas Blagrave (died 1590), English official
# EMakhosini Ophathe Heritage Park

The eMakhosini Ophathe Heritage Park is a nature reserve located about 10 km south of Ulundi in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, and lies on the banks of the White Umfolozi River. It means to recapture the cultural heritage of the Zulu people, and natural landscape of the valley at the time of King Shaka. The park has an area of 24,000 ha.
Some of the greatest Zulu kings of the region, like Nkhosinkulu, Senzangakhona kaJama (father of Shaka, Dingaan and Mpande) and Dinizulu, are buried here.
Wildlife in the park includes black rhino, buffalo, giraffe, blue wildebeest and various species of antelope. The park is of special importance to the black rhino as it is part of the animal's historic range, which was lost to human encroachment. With the reintroduction of the black rhino into the park and a fencing of the area, over 20,000 hectares of land has been made available for the rhinos again.
# Club Telex Noise Ensemble

Club Telex Noise Ensemble was a short-lived musical side-project of the Club Telex electro night of Tampere, Finland, combining improvisation and experimental music to electro music and even lounge music. Its members were Mikko "DJ mini" Niemelä (of Polytron), pHinn (of Kompleksi), Antti Koivumäki and Mikko Ojanen (of Nu Science). Also Olli Sotamaa, Kaj Mäkelä and Antti Vuorio participated in Club Telex Noise Ensemble. Club Telex Noise Ensemble did only three live performances between December 2000 and April 2001; one of them as the encore of the gig of Chicks on Speed in Tampere, March 2001. The CDR Just To Disturb You A Little Bit (June 2001) was compiled of these live performances. A remix compilation CTNERMX (March 2003) was based on these tracks, featuring such artists as Kemialliset Ystävät, Legowelt, Kompleksi, Luke Eargoggle, Massaccesi, Tuomas Rantanen and Unidentified Sound Objects. Delta Recordings, a label from London, UK, released a 4-track 12" vinyl sampler of these tracks in early 2004. The second remix compilation, CTNERMX II, is planned for 2006, featuring such artists as Maxx Klaxon.

## Singles discography

* CTNERMX (with remixes from Legowelt, Luke Eargoggle, 8-Bit Rockers and Andrew Duke, Delta B Recordings (UK), 12", 2004)

## Albums discography

* Just To Disturb You A Little Bit (pHinnMilk Recordings, CDR, 2001)
* CTNERMX (a remix compilation by various artists, pHinnMilk Recordings, CDR, 2003)
* CTNERMX II (a remix compilation by various artists, pHinnMilk Recordings, CDR, 2006)

## Official link

* Club Telex Noise Ensemble
* This article about a Finnish band or other musical ensemble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Decatur County

Decatur County is the name of various past and present counties in the United States, all named for Stephen Decatur:
* Decatur County, Georgia
* Decatur County, Indiana
* Decatur County, Iowa
* Decatur County, Kansas
* Decatur County, Tennessee
* Decatur County, Alabama, a former county
* Decatur County, Missouri, a previous name for Ozark County, Missouri
# Bothrops medusa

    Common names: Venezuela forest pit viper, Venezuelan forest-pitviper.
Bothrops medusa is a venomous pitviper species endemic to Venezuela. No subspecies are currently recognized.

## Etymology

The specific name, medusa, refers to the Greek mythological female monster, Medusa, who had venomous snakes for hair.

## Description

Adults of B. medusa usually grow to 50–70 cm (1.6–2.3 ft) in total length (including tail). The maximum reported total length is 80 cm (2.6 ft) (Roze, 1966) or slightly longer (Sandner-Montilla, 1975). The body is moderately slender.
The scalation includes 20–21 (usually 21) rows of dorsal scales at midbody, 160–168/153–162 ventral scales in males/females and 51–62/46–56 mostly undivided subcaudal scales in males/females. On the head, the canthals, internasals and rostral are elevated to form a distinct canthal ridge. There are 1–6 intersupraoculars, 6–9 (usually 7) supralabial scales and 8–10 sublabial scales.
The color pattern consists of a tan, yellowish brown, reddish brown, gray or olive ground color overlaid with a series of long and irregular transverse bands. These bands are dark brown with pale centers, weakly subdivided laterally and separated from each other with short and lightly colored interspaces. In some individuals the contrast may be so poor that they appear to have a uniform dorsal coloration. The belly is yellow with many small and dark spots and flecks. On the head, a dark postocular stripe is present that frequently fuses with the first lateral body blotch. It is marked above and below by a pale narrow border.

## Geographic range

B. medusa is found in Venezuela, including the Cordillera de la Costa (coastal range), the Federal District and the states of Aragua, Bolívar and Carabobo. The type locality given is "Caracas" (Venezuela).
# Dennis McKinsey

Claud Dennis McKinsey (March 5, 1940 – June 23, 2009 in Ohio) was an American atheist and author of works on the subject of biblical inerrancy from a critical perspective.

## Biography

McKinsey obtained a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1962 and a master's degree in the social sciences in 1964 from the University of Indiana. He taught social studies full-time at the secondary level for ten years. He was a community college instructor in sociology and a secondary guidance counselor for the London City School District. For brief periods he was a civil rights investigator, a truant officer, and a government researcher.
McKinsey was highly skeptical of claims from the Bible which he believed contained many errors, contradictions, and fallacies. He authored The Encyclopedia of Biblical Errancy (1995) and Biblical Errancy: A Reference Guide (2000). He also wrote and published a monthly periodical known as Biblical Errancy from 1982 to 1999.
He was an advocate of the Christ myth theory. McKinsey wrote that "Jesus is a mythical figure in the tradition of pagan mythology and almost nothing in all of ancient literature would lead one to believe otherwise. Anyone wanting to believe Jesus lived and walked as a real live human being must do so despite the evidence, not because of it."

## Politics

McKinsey identified as a Marxist-Leninist. He authored the book The Relevance of Marxism (1994).

## Publications

* The Relevance of Marxism (1994)
* The Encyclopedia of Biblical Errancy (Prometheus Books, 1995)
* Biblical Errancy: A Reference Guide (Prometheus Books, 2000)
# Common brown leafhopper

The common brown leafhopper (Orosius orientalis) is one of the most common species of Australian leafhoppers with a very wide host range. It is an important vector of several viruses and phytoplasmas worldwide. In Australia, phytoplasmas vectored by O. orientalis cause a range of economically important diseases including legume little leaf, tomato big bud, lucerne witches broom, potato purple top wilt, Australian lucerne and the insect is a possible vector of Australian grapevine yellows. O. orientalis also transmits Tobacco yellow dwarf virus (TYDV genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae) to beans, causing bean summer death disease and to tobacco, causing tobacco yellow dwarf disease.
Although some direct damage caused by leafhopper feeding has been observed, it is relatively minor compared to the losses resulting from disease.
# Erika Shields

Erika Shields is an American law enforcement officer. She previously served as the chief of police of the Louisville Metro Police Department from January 2021 to January 2023. She was previously the 24th chief of police of the Atlanta Police Department from 2016 to 2020.

## Early life and education

Shields is a native of Morris, New York. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in international studies from Webster University and a master's degree in criminal justice from Saint Leo University.

## Career

Before joining the Atlanta Police Department as a patrol officer in 1995, Chief Shields worked as a stockbroker in Boston. She was the second woman to lead the Atlanta Police Department, and the first openly gay person to do so.
On December 1, 2016, Atlanta Mayor Kasim Reed announced that he had selected Shields to succeed Chief George N. Turner, who was retiring.
In May 2020, amid protests in Atlanta in response to the murder of George Floyd, Shields said that the angry reaction was understandable, and that the value of the lives of black people was being diminished by police or other individuals, stating that such events were a "recurring narrative". She added with some suggestions on how police could do better, namely better training and "weeding out bad cops", and praised the use of body-worn cameras. Shields addressed demonstrators stating that she was happy to allow protests so long as they didn't violate laws. She stated her opposition to using force to halt the protests, stating that protestors have a right "to be upset, to be scared, and to want to yell".
On June 13, 2020, Shields resigned after a video went viral of an officer fatally shooting a black man, Rayshard Brooks. During his arrest for DUI, Brooks wrestled officers, grabbed a taser, and aimed it at the pursuing officers.
In January 2021, she joined the Louisville Police Department.
In June 2023, she joined Georgia-based provider of training tools for law-enforcement agencies InVeris as Chief Commercial Officer (CCO).
# Charaxes mars

Charaxes mars, the iron rajah, is a butterfly of the rajahs and nawabs group, i.e. the Charaxinae group of the brush-footed butterflies family. It is endemic to Sulawesi in central Indonesia. Charaxes mars is a large butterfly with forewings with concave outer edge and hindwings each with a tail. The upper side of the forewings is dark blue and light in the basal part. The hindwings are orange with a submarginal line of dark brown ocelli.

## Technical description

male Tawny colour of upperside of hindwing not reaching in front of R1; black postdisco-submarginal patches all fused together (except dots M2S-M2), patch M1-M2 elongate, vein R3 and outer half of M1 black, tawny admarginal interspaces SC2- R2 faintly indicated; tail shorter than in mars dohertyifemale Unknown. madensis male Unknown. Most likely resembling that of Ch. mars.
female. Allied to Ch.mars. Upperside Forewing: blackish brown, no blue tone, white discal band broader than Ch. mars.

## Races

* Charaxes mars mars (northern Sulawesi)
* Charaxes mars dohertyi Rothschild, 1892 (southern Sulawesi)
* Charaxes mars madensis Rothschild, 1899 (Buru)
# Coat of arms of the Province of Karelia

The coat of arms of Karelia in Finland were first used in 1562, although the arms were likely presented at the burial of Gustav Vasa in 1560. The arms were used for the Swedish province of Karelia and they have been used continuously since then. Variations of the arms are still used in two regions of Finland: North Karelia and South Karelia, in which the North Karelian version is the original one.
North Karelia was not part of the Swedish Kingdom until 1617, when Sweden gained the area from Russia following the Treaty of Stolbovo. South Karelia belonged to Sweden from 1323 to 1743, when Russia annexed territory from Sweden following the Russo-Swedish War of 1741-1743. This region was given to the Grand Duchy of Finland by the Russian Empire in 1812 as a gesture of goodwill.
The blazon for the arms may be translated as follows: A golden crown above two duelling arms, sinister gauntleted arm holding a sword and dexter mailed arm a scimitar, all silver except for golden hafts and gauntlet joint. Ducal coronet.
The two hands holding a sword and a scimitar are generally seen as symbol of Karelia's position between the Swedish and Russian realms. The coat of arms of Finland use the sword and scimitar in a similar manner.
* The Arms of Karelia on the tomb of Gustavus I (Uppsala cathedral, Sweden)
* The Arms of the historical Province of Karelia
* The Arms of the Finnish Region of North Karelia (the original type without the ducal coronet).
* The Arms of the Finnish Region of South Karelia.
# Decoupling (electronics)

In electronics, decoupling is the prevention of undesired electrical energy transfer (coupling) between subsystems.
A common example is connecting localized decoupling capacitors close to the power leads of integrated circuits to suppress coupling via the power supply connections. These act as a small localized energy reservoir that supply the circuit with current during transient, high current demand periods, preventing the voltage on the power supply rail from being pulled down by the momentary current load. Another common example of the use of decoupling capacitors is across the emitter bias resistor of transistor common emitter amplifiers to prevent the resistor absorbing a portion of the AC output power of the amplifier.
Lossy ferrite beads may also be used to isolate or 'island' sections of circuitry. These add a high series impedance (in contrast to the low parallel impedance added by decoupling capacitors) to the power supply rails, preventing high-frequency currents being drawn from elsewhere in the system.
* This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Boost (drink)

Boost is a nutritional drinks brand made by Swiss company Nestlé. The brand also produces Boost Glucose Control for people with type 2 diabetes.

## History

In 2010, the Federal Trade Commission reached a settlement with Nestlé regarding its claims about Boost Kid Essentials, stating that the product would prevent certain illnesses. As part of the settlement, Nestlé agreed to cease making these claims unless they were approved by regulators. Nestle also agreed to refrain from asserting that the drink would reduce children's sick-day absences and the duration of acute diarrhea in children up to age 13 unless the claims are backed by at least two "well-designed human clinical studies." Nestlé said in a statement that the settlement provided clarity regarding new advertising standards applicable to health benefit claims for Boost Kid Essentials and similar products. Nestlé did not admit wrongdoing as part of the settlement, and the company was not fined.
In 2011, the packaging design and bottle shape of Boost products was changed. Due to increased demand in Boost, Nestlé added another line to its Indiana facility in 2013. In 2015, the brand introduced the Boost Compact range and in 2016 they introduced the Boost Simply range. The protein content of Boost was increased by 33% in 2018, from 15 grams per serving to 20 grams.
# Dennis McNeil

Dennis McNeil, (born July 30, 1960, Los Angeles, California) is an American operatic tenor, musical theater performer, and concert singer. He was educated at Miraleste Intermediate School, Loyola High School (1978), the Institute for the American Musical, the Merola Opera Program of San Francisco Opera, and UC-Davis (1983).

## Opera

McNeil was a 1992 National Winner of the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions. He sang leading roles with the New York City Opera, including "Tamino" in The Magic Flute, "Don Jose" in Carmen (a role he has sung more than seventy times), and "Mark" in the New York City premiere of Michael Tippett’s The Midsummer Marriage for which he received the Richard F. Gold Career Award. He sang in Verdi's Requiem (with the Kalamazoo Singers). McNeil has performed with many of the major opera companies in the U.S. apart from New York City Opera, including the New York Metropolitan Opera, the San Francisco Opera, the New Orleans Opera, the San Diego Opera, the Western Opera Theater and the Los Angeles Opera.

## Musical theatre

On the musical theater stage he has sung the role of "Mr. Snow" in Carousel more than 140 times in four productions. He sang "Nikos" in Zorba with John Raitt in the title role, and he toured with lyricist Sammy Cahn in Words and Music, a musical review.

## Recitals and special events

McNeil sang at both the funeral and the Dodger Stadium Memorial for Los Angeles Times sportswriter Jim Murray. He has also sung at community and charity events, as well as in recital, including appearances abroad in London, Slovenia, and Linz, Austria.
Television appearances have included Hour of Power and on the KLTA Morning News (Los Angeles). He appears regularly with Three Tenors and the Hutchins Consort, a Los Angeles-based group which has performed at many venues including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. He has also produced videos for MTV and VH-1.

## Family

McNeil is a fifth generation Californian and lives in Southern California.

## Awards

* Emily Baratelli Memorial Award from the New York Opera Index
* National Winner of the Metropolitan Opera National Council, 1993
* Rex Foundation Grant from the Grateful Dead
* Richard F. Gold Career Award, New York City Opera, 1994
* Southern California Opera Guild Singing Competition, 1st Place
* Sullivan Grant Recipient
* Victor Fuchs Memorial Competition, First Place

## Discography

McNeil has released recordings on his own label, DMI Productions (see McNeil's official website). He was heard on a recording of the oratorio The Rising, composed and orchestrated by Richard B. Evans, words by W. B. Yeats, Maud Gonne, Francis Ledwidge et al.
# Commando (role-playing game)

Commando is a role-playing game published by Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) in 1979.

## Description

Commando is a man-to-man tactical combat game that simulates commando operations from World War II to the present. Although it was marketed as a role-playing game, reviewers called it primarily a board wargame with a set of role-playing rules grafted onto it. The role-playing rules include character creation, skills, cooperative fire teams, and hero characters.

### Components

The game box contains:
* twelve geomorphic 11" x 17" double-sided paper maps with a square grid scaled at 3 m per square
* 47-page wargame rulebook
* 23-page role-playing rulebook
* two copies of 8-page booklet of charts
* addenda sheet dated September 1979
* two 20-sided dice
* four small six-sided dice

### Gameplay

If using the role-playing rules, a group of players create commando characters to be sent out on missions presented by a gamemaster. The players can increase the hero rating of their character at the end of each successful mission. These can be used to gain special abilities.

## Publication history

Commando was designed by Eric Goldberg$^{:99}$ as the first commercial role-playing game with a modern military theme. It was published by SPI in 1979 as a boxed set with cover art by David Wenzel and graphic design by Redmond A. Simonsen. After publication, the game appeared on SPI's Top Ten Bestseller list for four months, rising as high as #4.

## Reception

In Moves #57, Ian Chadwick liked the game, saying, "It's a good game, a remarkably smooth system which has accepted the compromise of a lightweight framework in exchange for a well designed, complete tactical system."
In Issue 65 of Fire & Movement, Jeff Petraska wrote, "Commando uses no counters and has square grid maps and at first glance looks a bit unwieldy. With some play experience however, the game shows itself to be a lot of fun and a good simulation of commando operations."
Joe Scolari, writing a retrospective review in Simulacrum #6, recalled that the game could be played as both a straight two-player wargame, or as a role-playing game, but noted unlike many modern games, Commando had a plethora of optional rules and charts. He concluded, "Commando furnishes all the details, charts, and rules you'd expect from a wargame from back then, which makes it the kind of game that tends to send today's gamers running in terror!"

## Other reviews and commentary

* Phoenix #24
* Campaign #97
* The American Wargamer Vol.7 #6
* Fantastic Science Fiction v27 n10

## Awards

At the 1980 Origins Awards, Commando won the H.G. Wells Award for "Best Roleplaying Rules of 1979."
# Eryl Smith

Eryl Smith (née Glynne; c.1893-1930) was a Welsh doctor, botanist and plant collector. She completed her medical training at the London School of Medicine for Women and the Royal Free Hospital. After moving with her husband, Dr. Malcolm Smith, to Siam, she became interested in botany and plant collecting. From 1921 to 1925, she collected plants for the British Museum herbarium. Later, she worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, completing work on the ferns of Thailand.

## Early life and education

Smith was born Eryl Glynne in Glyndyl, North Wales, near Bangor. She began training as a medical doctor at University College, Bangor, completing her studies at the London School of Medicine for Women and the Royal Free Hospital. Her younger sister is the plant pathologist and mountaineer Mary Dilys Glynne.

## Career

Smith started her career as a medical doctor. She became interested in botany and plant collecting when she moved to what was then called Siam, in 1921. Smith travelled across Siam (visiting the Nakawn Sritamarat Mountains), Cambodia (visiting the Kam Chay Mountains), Hainan (visiting the Five Finger Mountains), the Malay Peninsula and the Malay Archipelago, studying the flora and collecting plant specimens. She specialised in the study of Pteridophyta. Between 1928 and 1930, Smith worked in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, studying ferns of the Malay Peninsula. Smith donated many of the fern specimens she collected to the Kew Herbarium, some of which have been digitised and are available to view online. Smith's entire collection of Thai and Malay fern specimens were donated posthumously by her husband to Kew in 1930. Her collection added many new fern specimens to the Kew Herbarium.

## Personal life

Smith married Dr Malcolm Arthur Smith. She moved with him to Bangkok in 1921, where he was practising medicine. She returned to England in 1925.

## Death and legacy

Smith was killed in a motor accident on 25 January 1930, aged 36.
The Archives of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, holds a collection of her correspondence, filed within the AFG Kerr Personal Papers collection, as well as two collecting notebooks from 1922 - 1924.
Numerous fern species have been named after Smith, for example, Adiantum erylliae.
Due to her untimely death, Smith was unable to fulfil her goal of completing a comprehensive publication on the ferns of Thailand. However, she did publish a paper, On a collection of ferns from Kaw Tao, Surat in her lifetime. Her donated plant specimens and archived papers remain of use to botanists today.

## Publications

* On a collection of ferns from Kaw Tao, Surat. Journ. Siam Soc., 8, 1929. pp. 1-9.