OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Askia Ishaq I

Askia Ishaq I, also known as Ishaq Ber (Ishaq the Great), was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1539 to 1549, elected Askia following the death of Askia Isma'il. He was the fifth ruler of the Askiya dynasty.

## Rise to Power

Ishaq was born the son of Askia Mohammad I and a Tuareg concubine from Dirma Kulthūm Barda.
When Askia Isma'il died on campaign, the leading men in the empire peacefully agreed that Ishaq would be the next ruler.

## Reign

Askia Ishaq was a ruthless and paranoid ruler, inspiring fear and anxiety among the Songhai people. Despite being a devout Muslim, he sent agents to Timbuktu on a regular basis to demand enormous sums of money from the merchants, which is against Islamic law. This damaged the economy of the empire and made him unpopular, thus gaining him many enemies. Askiya Ishaq I was completely ruthless as a ruler and executed any official whom he considered as a threat. The Tarikh al-Sudan gives this description: "If he imagined anyone was making the least move against the throne, he would, without exception, have him killed or banished. This was his consistent practice."
In the early 1540's, Askia Ishaq invaded Bendougou (modern-day Segou region), looking to root out Askia Muhammad Benkan, a predecessor who had taken refuge there. Benkan died during Ishaq's invasion of unknown causes. Soon thereafter he exiled a conspiratorial Kurmina-fari and replaced him with his half-brother Dawud, who later invaded the Mali Empire, briefly occupying the capital in 1545 and 1546.
After a request from the Moroccan sultan Mohammed al-Shaykh, to cede the salt mines of Taghaza, Ishaq I sent a group of 2000 mounted men to raid a market town in the Dara valley of southern Morocco with instructions to avoid killing anyone. This was intended as a show of strength.
Askiya Ishaq I died in the town of Kukiya and was buried there. He was succeeded by his brother Askiya Dawud.
# Aysel Gürel

Gönül Aysel Gürel (7 February 1929 – 17 February 2008) was a Turkish lyricist and actress. Besides her lyrics, which were performed by singers throughout Turkey, she was known for her outlandish clothing, make up and wigs.

## Biography

Aysel Gürel was born in 1929 in Denizli, Turkey, in the western part of the country. She graduated from Istanbul University with a faculty of literature degree. Her lyrics were performed by such noted Turkish singers as Sezen Aksu. Besides lyric writing, Gürel also worked as an actress, drama player and a Turkologist. In 2007, Gürel appeared in a Turkish television commercial for Pepsi. Gürel was admitted to Metropolitan Florence Nightingale Hospital in Istanbul in December 2007. She was reportedly ill with lung cancer. She died of chronic bronchitis at the age of 79 on 17 February 2008 in Istanbul. Gürel was buried at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery following a funeral at Teşvikiye Mosque. Gürel was the mother of Turkish actresses, Müjde Ar and Mehtap Ar.

## Tribute

On 7 February 2018, Google celebrated her 89th birthday with a Google Doodle.

## Songs written by

She wrote the lyrics of very popular songs that reached smash hit and classical status in Turkey's music history such as;
* Allahaısmarladık (1977) by Sezen Aksu
* Firuze (1982) by Sezen Aksu
* Sen Ağlama (1984) by Sezen Aksu
* Haydi Gel Benimle Ol (1984) by Sezen Aksu
* Sevda (1985) by Nükhet Duru
* Git (1986) by Sezen Aksu
* Ünzile (1986) by Sezen Aksu
* Değer Mi (1986) by Sezen Aksu
* Sarışın (1988) by Sezen Aksu
* Dünya Tatlısı (1988) by Zerrin Özer
* Hani Yeminin (1988) by Zerrin Özer
* Bir Kız (1988) by Ayşegül Aldinç
* Şekerim (1989) by Gökben
* Resmin Yok Bende (1990) by Ajda Pekkan
* Hadi Bakalım (1991) by Sezen Aksu
* Ne Kavgam Bitti Ne Sevdam (1991) by Sezen Aksu
* Gelmeyeceğim (1991) by Ayşegül Aldinç
* Abone (1991) by Yonca Evcimik
* Taksit Taksit (1991) by Yonca Evcimik
* Ayıpsın (1991) by Aşkın Nur Yengi
* Show Yapma (1992) by Nilüfer
* Yine Yeni Yeniden Sev (1992) by Nilüfer
* Hadi Yine İyisin (1993) by Tayfun
* Yok (1993) by Ajda Pekkan
* Vurulmuşum Sana (1994) by Asya
* Of Aman (1994) by Nalan
* Yasaksız Seviş Benimle (1994) by Tarkan
* Eğrisi Doğrusu (1994) by Nilüfer
* Gölge Çiçeği (1997) by Reyhan Karaca
* Vur Yüreğim (1999) by Sertab Erener
* Aşk (1999) by Sertab Erener
* Tılsım (2001) by Burcu Güneş
A^ She wrote the song with Sezen Aksu.

## Tribute albums

* Aysel'in (2013)
# Crocidura grandiceps

Crocidura grandiceps, commonly known as the large-headed forest shrew or the large-headed white-toothed shrew, is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Benin, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Togo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss due to agriculture and aquaculture as well as logging and wood harvesting. To increase habitat protection for C. grandiceps, in-place land/water protection conservation actions are in place. The vernacular name large-headed shrew is sometimes applied to C. grandiceps but has also been used for the entire related genus Paracrocidura. The IUCN List categorizes C. grandiceps as least concern as of 2024.
An adult C. grandiceps is smaller than the size of a human hand and are typically covered in light brown fur. These animals are omnivores as they will eat both plants as well as other animals. The diet of the C. grandiceps consists of a variety of insects, bugs, spiders, beetles, worms, certain fungi and vegetables, and occasionally other small mammals.
# Copsin

Copsin is a fungal defensin that acts as an antimicrobial polypeptide secreted from the inky cap mushroom, first reported at the end of 2014. The fungal defensin acts against gram positive bacteria.

## History

In October 2014, a collaboration of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland and the University of Bonn, Germany reported, that they had identified a new antimicrobial peptide, excreted from the inky cap mushroom (Coprinopsis cinereacopsin) grown on horse dung.

## Biosynthesis

The polypeptide was recombinantly produced in a yeast named Pichia pastoris which grew over five days. the peptide has an extremely compact three-dimensional structure on NMR spectroscopy.

## Mechanism of action

Copsin is an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis by binding to Lipid II. It was reported to be potent in the petri dish against Gram positive bacteria which have a cell wall, including Enterococcus faecium and Listeria monocytogenes. It is not active against bacteria with an outer membrane, such as gram negative bacteria.

## Potential use

The "exceptionally stable protein", can be boiled at 100 degrees Celsius, can be mixed in strong acid for hours, and can also survive very aggressive enzymes, " remaining completely active". It is considered for use in the food industry for food preservation.
# Bem cavalgar

Bem cavalgar, fully Livro da ensinança de bem cavalgar toda sela ("Book on the instruction of riding well on every saddle"), is a book written by Edward of Portugal, left incomplete as Edward died of a plague in 1438. It is one of the oldest remaining manuals of medieval horsemanship and jousting. Together with Leal Conselheiro, the other book written by King Edward, the manuscript is kept at the French National Library, Paris. It is the basis of the curriculum at the Portuguese School of Equestrian Art, one of the Big Four riding academies.
The book consists of three parts: "on will" (4 chapters), "on force" (2 chapters) and "fourteen recommendations for expert riders", breaking off in the seventh section.

## Literature

* The Book of Horsemanship by Duarte I of Portugal. Archived 2019-04-26 at the Wayback Machine Transl. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2016. ISBN 978-1-78327-103-0
* The Royal Book of Jousting, Horsemanship and Knightly Combat. Highland Village, TX: The Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005, ISBN 1-891448-34-X
* Piel Joseph M. (ed.), Livro Da Ensinança De Bem Cavalgar Toda Sela que fez Elrey Dom Eduarte de Portugal e do Algarve e Senhor de Ceuta, Lisbon, 1944
* Livro da ensinança de bem cavalgar toda sela, escrito pelo Senhor Dom Duarte, Rei de Portugal e do Algarve e Segnhor de Ceuta, trascrito do manuscrito extante na Biblioteca Real de Paris, Typ. Rollandiana, Lisbon, 1843
# Dreams Like Deserts

Dreams Like Deserts is the debut EP by the Norwegian black metal band Aura Noir.

## Track listing

* "The Rape" – 3:26
* "Forlorn Blessings To The Dreamking" – 3:29
* "Dreams, Like Deserts" – 5:00
* "Angel Ripper" – 3:50
* "Snake" – 1:51
* "Mirage" – 2:58

## Personnel

* Aggressor − guitars, bass, drums, vocals
* Apollyon − guitars, bass, drums, vocals
# Deltoplastis balanitis

Deltoplastis balanitis is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1910. It is found in southern India.
The wingspan is 26–27 mm. The forewings are fuscous partially tinged with whitish ochreous and with a small blackish-fuscous spot on the base of the costa, as well as a blackish-fuscous blotch extending along the dorsum from one-sixth to three-fifths, anteriorly rounded and reaching half way across the wing, narrowed to a point posteriorly, edged with ochreous whitish. The first discal stigma is indicated by a small round blackish-fuscous spot resting on this. There are two blackish-fuscous dots on the transverse vein, partially whitish edged. There is also a blackish-fuscous triangular blotch with the apex touching these dots, the base rather near and parallel to the termen, edged posteriorly by a band of whitish-ochreous suffusion. There is a dark fuscous terminal line. The hindwings are fuscous, anteriorly paler and tinged with whitish ochreous.
# Asociación de Scouts de Bolivia

The Asociación de Scouts de Bolivia (ASB) is the national Scouting association of Bolivia. Scouting was founded in Bolivia in 1911 and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1950. ASB has 7,898 members (as of 2011).
Scouting is active in rural and urban areas of the country, and open to all young people of all religions. 90% of all members are Catholic, and the church sponsors many groups.
The Asociación de Scouts de Bolivia prides itself on having members of many social classes, both the cities and rural areas. There are groups for handicapped children. There has been a great effort to make Scouting available to handicapped and disadvantaged youngsters, including youngsters in state orphanages.
Many Scout activities involve community service projects such as environmental protection, food production, tree planting and literacy.
The Scouts have built several community development centers with the help of the German Scouts, American Scouts, and Spanish Scouts, among many others. These community centers are located in Cochabamba (headquarters); where a library and some other community development buildings are located, besides a convention center; La Paz (past headquarters), also a library and other community development buildings, featuring assistance centers; and Santa Cruz. Other community centers are scheduled to be built, as of 2006.

## Program and ideals

* Lobatos-ages 6 to 10
* Exploradores-ages 11 to 14
* Pioneros-ages 15 to 17
* Rovers-ages 18 to 21
The Scout Motto is Siempre Listo, Always Prepared.
The membership badge of the Asociación de Scouts de Bolivia incorporates a tulip in the national colors of the flag of Bolivia.

## Regions

The Scout Movement in Bolivia represented as Asociacion de Scouts de Bolivia, is present in 8 of the 9 administrative divisions (departments): La Paz, Cochabamba (where the main office is), Santa Cruz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija, Chuquisaca and Beni, there is still the task to found an office on Pando.

## Scout Oath

Por mi honor prometo, hacer cuanto de mí dependa para cumplir mis deberes para con Dios, los demas y conmigo mismo, ayudar al prójimo en toda circunstancia y cumplir fielmente la Ley Scout.
For my honor, I promise to do my best to fulfill my duties to God, others and myself, to help my fellow man in any circumstances and to faithfully keep the Scout Law.

## Scout Law

* El Scout cifra su honor en ser digno de confianza
* El Scout es leal, cortés y caballeroso
* El Scout es útil y ayuda a los demás sin esperar recompensa alguna
* El Scout es amigo de todo y hermano de cualquier Scout
* El Scout es acogedor y combate la injusticia
* El Scout cuida la obra de Dios, ama la vida y protege a plantas y animales
* El Scout sabe obedecer y siempre termina lo que empieza
* El Scout tiene valor, sonríe y canta en sus dificultades
* El Scout es económico, trabajador y respetuoso del derecho ajeno
* El Scout es limpio de cuerpo, pensamiento, palabra y obra
# Carex callitrichos

Carex callitrichos is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to eastern parts of Asia from Siberia in the north to Japan in the south.
# Countesthorpe

Countesthorpe is a large village and civil parish in the Leicestershire district of Blaby, with a population of 6,393 (2001 census, falling slightly to 6,377 at the 2011 census. It lies to the south of Leicester, and is about 6 miles (9.7 km) from the city centre, but only two miles south of the suburb of South Wigston. Nearby places are Blaby and South Wigston to the north, Kilby to the east, Peatling Magna and Willoughby Waterleys to the south, and Broughton Astley, Cosby and Whetstone to the west.
The name Countesthorpe originates from the 11th century when the area was part of the marriage dowry of the Countess Judith, niece of William the Conqueror. The 'thorpe' part of the name is a variant of the Middle English word thorp, meaning hamlet or small village.
The parish church of St. Andrew was started in 1220 by the family of Lord William of Ludbrook. It was restored in 1840 and again in 1907. The 14th-century tower still remains.
The village has three public houses: The Axe and Square, The Bull's Head and The Railway. Another public house, the King William IV was turned into a Tesco Express in 2013. Magna 73 of the Leicestershire Senior League are an association football team who play just north of the village.
The village is twinned with the town of Mennecy in France.

## Education

Countesthorpe is served by one local primary school called Greenfield Primary School. The school achieved a rating of "good" in its 2010, 2014 and 2018 Ofsted reports.
Until September 2016 Countesthorpe had a separate high school named Leysland High School, with Ofsted reviewing it as "outstanding" in 2013, as well as a college called Countesthorpe Community College. Both schools were attended by members of the music group Kasabian. The two schools merged to become Countesthorpe Leysland Community College, which was subsequently renamed Countesthorpe Academy in 2020. The combined school was scored as "inadequate" in 2019.

## Notable residents

* Harvey Barnes - Professional footballer
* William Buckingham}, First World War recipient of the Victoria Cross.
* Rosemary Conley – author and broadcaster on exercise and health.
* Robert Gee, recipient of the Victoria Cross and a Conservative MP.
* Ahmed Musa – Professional footballer.
* Maurice Tompkin – first class cricketer and professional footballer.
# Ayseki, Yapraklı

Ayseki is a village in the Yapraklı District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 185 (2021).
# Cerace tonkinana

Cerace tonkinana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Vietnam.
# Copt Hewick

Copt Hewick is a village and civil parish in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England. The village lies about two miles east of Ripon. It had a population of 180 in 2004 according to the North Yorkshire County Council, increasing to 253 at the 2011 census.
The name of the village derives from the Old English Coppede hēah wīc, which means High specialised farm. The Copt element refers to the hill that the village stands on.
The village is home to Holy Innocents Church, Copt Hewick, which forms a group with a school and clock tower, all built in 1876.
# Bema, Lombardy

Bema is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Sondrio.
Bema borders the following municipalities: Albaredo per San Marco, Averara, Cosio Valtellino, Gerola Alta, Morbegno, Pedesina, and Rasura.
# Dra dit pepparn växer

"Dra dit pepparn växer" is a song written by Ulf Nordquist [sv], and originally recorded by Sten & Stanley on the 1985 album Musik, dans & party. The song was also recorded in English, as "Don't Play a Sad Song after Midnight", and was released as a single. This version was entered into the "Castlebar Song Contest" of that year, which it ultimately won.
The song entered the Svensktoppen chart, where it stayed for 10 weeks during the period of 27 October- 29 December 1985, it peaked number two for two weeks.

## Other recordings

* Leif Hultgren - 1985 on the album Costa Ricas ros.
* Stig-Roland Holmbom - 1986 on the album Främmande länder.
* Black Ingvars - 1995 on the album Earcandy Six.
* Norwegian country band "Nystogs". "Du kan dra dit pepper'n gror"
At Dansbandskampen 2009 the song was performed by Swedish dansband Casanovas. Their recording was also added for the official Dansbandskampen 2009 compilation album.
# Demirhanlar, Göynük

Demirhanlar is a village in the Göynük District, Bolu Province, Türkiye. Its population is 143 (2021).
# Asociación de Nuevos Emigrados Revolucionarios Cubanos

Asociación de Nuevos Emigrados Revolucionarios Cubanos (Association of Cuban Revolutionary New Emigrants) was a Cuban leftist group organized in Mexico in 1926 by Julio Antonio Mella.
ANERC would expand beyond Mexico, opening branches in New York and Paris. Mella served as the chairman of the organization. ANERC published the magazine Cuba Libre.

## Julio Antonio Mella

Julio Antonio Mella was one of the first early figures of PCC history. Mella gained popularity during the hunger strike that he started in December 1925, as a student leader protesting against the government of Gerardo Machado. Mella was exiled from Cuba in 1925 and came to Mexico in 1926. In Mexico, Mella founded the Asociación de Nuevos Emigrados Revolucionarios Cubanos. He was also actively working as a Marxist revolutionary to overthrow General Machado's dictatorship government. Mella was assassinated in Mexico in 1929. Although Mella's two killers were identified at the time, there was no official reason for Mella's death, but there were several possible parties that could have been responsible for his assassination. The Cuban government under Machado or the feuding between Stalin and Trotsky in the Soviet Union are both theories on the reason for his death.
# Countesthorpe Academy

Countesthorpe Academy (formerly Countesthorpe Leysland Community College) is a coeducational secondary school situated on the western edge of Countesthorpe in Leicestershire, England near the A426.

## History

Countesthorpe Leysland Community College was formed in 2016 by the merger of Countesthorpe Community College and neighbouring Leysland High School. Countesthorpe Community College was established in 1970 with Tim McMullen as its first head, or warden, followed in 1972 by John Watts as head teacher. They both developed it as a progressive "open school".
The school previously formed part of The South Leicestershire Learning Partnership, a multi-academy umbrella trust. In March 2020 the school joined the LIFE Multi-Academy Trust and was renamed Countesthorpe Academy, and is now led by Executive Head Gareth Williams.

## Facilities

The school occupies the buildings previously used by its predecessor institutions. The former Countesthorpe Community College buildings are notable for their circular plan. The architect was John Barton of Farmer and Dark. The sculpture that was previously in the middle of the courtyard is one of three versions of Dunstable Reel by Phillip King.
The seniors department of Birkett House School is located on the site of Countesthorpe Academy and its students attend lessons at the school and use its sports and catering facilities.

## Concerns and criticisms

In July 2019 Countesthorpe Leysland Community College was judged to be "inadequate" by Ofsted. During the inspection, inspectors found serious failings in safeguarding and pupil well being, they discovered that many students feel unsafe at school, found poor behaviour exhibited by a significant group of pupils and they identified shortcomings in the quality of leadership offered by the senior leadership team.
Concerns were also raised about the poor quality of toilet facilities available at the college, which have since been refurbished which was reported in both local and national media.

## Notable former pupils

* The band members of Kasabian are ex-students of the school. The school is mentioned by name in the BBC comedy series Big School, in series two, episode four, during a question and answer session about Kasabian.
* Harvey Barnes, professional footballer
* Pete Morton, singer songwriter
* Kev Reverb, guitarist in Crazyhead
* Wayne Dobson, magician/entertainer
* Mary Byker, singer of Gaye Bykers on Acid, Apollo 440, Pigface, Hyperhead, Rektum and Pop Will Eat Itself
# Avadattur

Avadattur is a census town in Salem district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Avadattur had a population of 8982. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Avadattur has an average literacy rate of 53%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of females literate. 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Crni Vrh (Jagodina)

Crni Vrh (Serbian Cyrillic: Црни врх) is a mountain in central Serbia, near the city of Jagodina. Its highest peak Crni vrh has an elevation of 707 m (2,320 ft) above sea level. It is a small ski resort, with a mountaineering hut at the top, and two tracks of around 750 meters each.
# Centennial Wind Farm

The Centennial Wind Farm is one of the largest wind farms in Oklahoma. It can produce a total of 120 megawatts of power which is enough electricity to supply about 36,000 homes. The wind farm cost $200 million and is easily visible from U.S. 183 northwest of Fort Supply.
The wind farm has an array of 80 General Electric turbines, each standing 262 feet tall at its hub, and the total height of the structure is 388 feet. The wind turbines are computer-controlled, with peak turbine performance at about 25 mph. For safety, the turbines automatically shut down if wind speeds exceed 55 mph.
The Centennial Wind Farm was built for Oklahoma Gas & Electric in Harper County by Invenergy Wind. It is one of only a few wind farms in the United States owned and operated by a utility. The electric output will be dedicated exclusively to OG&E's customers for the life of the facility.
# Convalmore distillery

Convalmore distillery is a inactive Speyside single malt Scotch whisky in Dufftown, Moray, Scotland.
The distillery was established in 1893/1894 and closed in 1985.

## History

The distillery was founded by Convalmore-Glenlivet Distillers Co. Ltd and in 1904 was sold to W&P Lowrie & Co. Ltd. In 1925, the distillery passed to Scottish Malt Distillers and The Distillers Company Ltd.
The site of the distillery is now owned by William Grant & Sons and is part of the greater Glenfiddich distillery and Balvenie distillery site. It was acquired by WG & Sons in 1992 to augment their warehouse capacity. The market rights to the name and bottling remain with Diageo.
The name of the distillery derives from the nearby Conval hills which are located just north of Dufftown.
# Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis

Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis may refer to:
* Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 20th Baron Clinton (1834–1904), British politician
* Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton (1863–1957), British peer
# Dracontioides desciscens

Dracontioides desciscens is a plant species in the family Araceae. It is endemic to eastern Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo).
# Demirhanlar

Demirhanlar may refer to the following places in Turkey:
* Demirhanlar, Gölpazarı, a village in the district of Gölpazarı, Bilecik Province
* Demirhanlar, Göynük, a village in the district of Göynük, Bolu Province