OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Coking

Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke. Coke is predominantly carbon. Its porous structure provides a high surface area, allowing it to burn more rapidly, much like how a bundle of tinder burns faster than a solid wooden log. As such, when a kilogram of coke is burned, it releases more heat than a kilogram of the original coal.

## Application to smelting iron

Coke is used as fuel in a blast furnace. In a continuous process, coke, iron ore, and limestone are mixed together and placed in the top of the blast furnace, and at the bottom liquid iron and waste slag are removed. The raw materials continuously move down the blast furnace. During this continuous process more raw materials are placed at the top, and as the coke moves down, it must withstand the ever-increasing weight of the materials above it. It is the ability to withstand this crushing force, in addition to its high energy content and rapid combustion, that makes coke ideal for use in blast furnaces.

## Petroleum coking

"Coking is a refinery unit operation that upgrades material called bottoms from the atmospheric or vacuum distillation column into higher-value products and produces petroleum coke—a coal-like material". In heterogeneous catalysis, the process is undesirable because the clinker blocks the catalytic sites. Coking is characteristic of high temperature reactions involving hydrocarbon feedstocks. Typically coking is reversed by combustion, provided that the catalyst will tolerate such.
A simplified equation for coking is shown in the case of ethylene:
    3 C$_2$H$_4$ → 2 C ("coke") + 2 C$_2$H$_6$
A more realistic but complex view involves the alkylation of an aromatic ring of a coke nucleus. Acidic catalysts are thus especially prone to coking because they are effective at generating carbocations (i.e., alkylating agents).
Coking is one of several mechanisms for the deactivation of a heterogeneous catalyst. Other mechanisms include sintering, poisoning, and solid-state transformation of the catalyst.
# Brown firefinch

The brown firefinch (Lagonosticta nitidula) is a common species of estrildid finch found in Southern Africa. It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 1,300,000 km$^2$.
It is found in Angola, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, southern Tanzania and northern areas of Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe. The IUCN has classified the species as being of least concern.
# Bud Boone

William "Bud" Boone (November 9, 1931 – February 12, 2010) was a NASCAR driver from Warren, Ohio.
Boone competed in one Cup event in 1950 when he raced at Funk's Speedway. He finished 9th in his only race (see stats).
# Atractogaster

Atractogaster is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Ichneumonidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe.
Species:
# Cat Creek

Cat Creek may refer to the following places in the United States:
* Cat Creek, Kentucky, a community in Powell County, Kentucky
* Cat Creek (Missouri), a stream in Missouri
* Cat Creek, Montana, a community in Petroleum County, Montana
** Cat Creek Oil Field, an oil field in Petroleum County, Montana
* Cat Creek (Wisconsin), a stream in Wisconsin
# CEMS, Inc. v. United States

CEMS, Inc. v. United States, 59 Fed. Cl. 168 (Fed. Cl. 2003) was a government contracting suit before the United States Court of Federal Claims. It deals with the requirements for a contractor to receive an equitable adjustment for work outside the contract.

## Background
### Contract dispute

Plaintiff contractor filed suit against defendant United States arising out of a contract for the construction of a bicycle path. The contractor alleged changes, delays and other compensable acts or omissions of the Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and requested an equitable adjustment under the terms of the contract, and such further relief as appropriate. Specifically, the contractor alleged:
* that the government breached its implied duty to cooperate and its implied duty not to hinder performance. Specifically, the contractor asserted that it was undisputed that issuance of the notice to proceed was delayed three days by government error in providing incorrect bonding amounts to the contractor and 13 days by other government inaction.
* that the government breached its implied duty to cooperate when delay occurred due to excessive supervision or control of the finishes of the subgrade and aggregate base course.
* that the government made numerous constructive changes to the contract in the form of additional work ordered to be performed by the project engineer

## Court of Federal Claims

The court found:
* the government did not act unreasonably.
* that the government did breach its implied duty of cooperation.
* that the contractor should have been compensated for the additional Roadway Obliteration of asphaltic concrete.
       The court also found that the contractor was entitled to an equitable adjustment for the additional 146 tests for asphaltic concrete.

### Excerpt

       The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has found that "to receive an equitable adjustment from the Government, a contractor must show three necessary elements -- liability, causation, and resultant injury."
             CEMS, Inc. v. United States, 59 Fed. Cl. 168, 226 (Fed. Cl. 2003) (emphasis added) (citations omitted).
# David B. Friedland

David B. Friedland (1903 - April 24, 1976) was an American lawyer and Democratic Party politician.

## Political career

Friedland's first political campaign was for the New York Assembly, where he lost the primary to Mark T. Southall in 1962. Friedland first ran for and won election to the New York City Council in 1965, winning with only a plurality of the votes. He was subsequently re-elected in 1969 by a plurality of the votes and again in 1973 with an overwhelming 77.55% majority of the votes. Friedland represented the 6th district, which was then primarily composed of Washington Heights and Inwood in Manhattan, and extended to the Bronx border.
Friedland enjoyed wide support from leaders of the African American community, including the future Manhattan Borough President Percy Sutton and John Raymond Jones, who were instrumental in helping Friedland to win the election of 1965.
Friedland served as a member of the New York City Council for a decade, where he served as the Consumer Affairs Committee Chairman from 1970 until his death in 1976. He was known to cross Party lines when needed to best serve his constituents. When Republican Mayor John Vliet Lindsay was running into Democratic opposition to his “Little City Halls” scattered throughout the city, Councilman Friedland made news by agreeing to take office space in the “Little City Hall” in Washington Heights. Friedland explained that it would make it easier for him to coordinate his activities on behalf of his constituents with those of the Mayor's staff.
Among measures the Consumer Affairs Committee put forward under Friedland's leadership were those calling for unit pricing of grocery items, seeking to crack down on “massage” parlors, requiring the licensing of television and audio‐equipment repair dealers, creating the New York City Taxi Commission and permitting taxicabs in New York City to carry exterior advertising.
Friedland, also a member of the Council's General Welfare Committee, was also a supporter of gay rights, having voted in committee to send a bill banning discrimination against gay people in housing, employment and public accommodations to the full Council.
After Friedland died, the one year remaining in his term was filled by Arlene Stringer, then wife of Ronald Stringer, counsel to Mayor Abraham Beame and mother of Scott Stringer, who was elected in 1992 to the State Assembly, and in 2005 as Manhattan Borough President.

## Personal life, education and legal career

Friedland was born in Russia. Friedland attended DeWitt Clinton High School, City College of New York, and New York University School of Law, where he won the Butler Law Scholarship, and received his law degree in 1925. Friedland had practiced law in New York for 50 years, and was a member of the Board of Governors of the Trial Lawyers Association. He was highly respected for his exceptional legal skills and dedication to his community. Friedland was survived by his wife, the former Sophie Wiener; a son, Gerald (Elaine) Friedland; and three grandchildren.

## Legacy

David B. Friedland Square, in Washington Heights, Manhattan, was named for Friedland a few years after his death.
# Abida cylindrica

Abida cylindrica is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Chondrinidae.

## Geographic distribution

Abida cylindrica is restricted to Pyrenees-Orientales in France, and Catalonia in Spain.

## Ecology

Abida bigerrensis lives within crevices or under stones in karstic areas. In humid environments it may also be found on the rock surface.
# Broxburn United F.C.

Broxburn United Football Club was a football club based at Sports Park in Broxburn, West Lothian in Scotland. The club was formed by the amalgamation of the town's two senior clubs Broxburn and Broxburn Athletic in 1912, and was a member of the Scottish Football League from 1921 until 1926.

## History

The first club known as Broxburn Football Club was founded in 1883 as Broxburn Thistle, adopting the Broxburn name in 1889. The club went into abeyance in the 1890s and was revived in 1902. The club went on to appear in many of the top competitions below the Scottish Football League in subsequent seasons, appearing in the Central Football Combination, the Scottish Football Alliance, the Scottish Football Union and the Central Football League.
Another club, Broxburn Athletic, joined the Eastern Football League in 1905–06 and the Central Football League 1909–10.
Broxburn United was formed in April 1912 when it became clear that a small town like Broxburn could not support two senior sides. United became members of the Central Football League (apart from a spell in the Eastern Football League from 1915 to 1917) and along with much of the membership of this group they were admitted to the newly expanded Scottish Football League Second Division in 1921.
It appeared to be unrealistic for a town of just 3,000 people to sustain a league club, and although the club's first match in the SFL attracted a crowd of 3,500, an economic downturn meant that too many clubs were trying to attract too few spectators. Broxburn were censured in 1922 for fielding only two first team players in a league match against St Bernard's.
Stenhousemuir player Joe Shortt reported to the League that he had been offered £50 by the representatives of a bookmaker from Glasgow to play poorly in a match against Broxburn United.
The club struggled in the League and finished bottom in the 1925–26 season. Facing re-election, they were rejected in favour of Forfar Athletic and dropped out of the League. Broxburn United joined the Scottish Football Alliance for the 1926–27 season, but found this level to be too financially taxing and soon joined the ranks of Scottish junior football by joining the Midlothian Junior League. The club continued until 1932 when financial troubles finally claimed them.

## Colours

* 1912–1920: Black & white striped shirts, white shorts.
* 1920–1932: Maroon shirts, white shorts.

## Honours

* Leith Burgh Cup: 1919–20
* Linlithgowshire Junior Cup: 1900–01, 1901–02, 1919–20, 1920–21
* East of Scotland Consolation Cup: 1906–07
* Lumley Cup: 1918–19, 1919–20
* Dow Cup: 1919–20
* Broxburn Charity Cup: 1900–01
* Dalmeny Cup: 1920–21
* Moffat Cup: 1895–96, 1896–97, 1897–98, 1898–99, 1899–1900
* East of Scotland Cup: 1896–97, 1903–04
# Buenoa burtsa

Buenoa burtsa is a species of backswimmer first found in Colombia's Pacific coast.
# Atlantis Expedition

Expedition Atlantis is the name given to the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean made by five Argentines in 1984, leaving from the port of Tenerife in the Canary Islands and 52 days later arriving in La Guaira, Venezuela.
The aim was to prove that 3500 years before Christopher Columbus, African sailors may have accidentally reached the shores of America led by specific ocean currents.
The boat was a raft 13.6 metres (45 ft) long by 5.8 metres (19 ft) wide, built out of logs, rudderless, and with only a single sail. The crew consisted of Alfredo Barragan, Jorge Iriberri, Horacio Giaccaglia, Daniel Sanchez Magariños and Felix Arrieta.
The departure date was May 22, 1984, and landfall was made 52 days later, on July 12, 1984. The distance traveled was approximately 3,200 nautical miles (5,900 km; 3,700 mi).
# 2024 Dr McKenna Cup

The 2024 Dr McKenna Cup, known for sponsorship reasons as the Bank of Ireland Dr McKenna Cup, is a Gaelic football competition in the province of Ulster for county teams. It took place in January 2024.
Derry were the winners, beating Donegal in the final.

## Competition format

Group stage The nine teams are drawn into three sections of three teams. Each team plays the other teams in their section once, either home or away. Two points are awarded for a win and one for a draw. The tie-break for teams level on points is points difference.
Knockout stage The winners of the three sections and the best of the runners-up in the three sections compete in the semi-finals with the two winners meeting in the final. Drawn games go to penalty shootouts without extra time being played.

## Group stage
### Section A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Donegal | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 13 | +2 | 2 | Advance to semi-final |
| 2 | Armagh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | +1 | 2 | Advance to semi-final |
| 3 | Tyrone | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 32 | −3 | 0 | |
* 1 2 Donegal received no points for their win over Armagh as they fielded an ineligible player; Armagh did not get the points as they did not make an appeal. For the purposes of points difference, the game was not counted.

### Section B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Derry | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 23 | +5 | 4 | Advance to semi-final |
| 2 | Down | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 31 | 0 | 2 | |
| 3 | Cavan | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 36 | −5 | 0 | |

### Section C

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Monaghan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 25 | +8 | 4 | Advance to semi-final |
| 2 | Fermanagh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 27 | −2 | 2 | |
| 3 | Antrim | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 25 | 31 | −6 | 0 | |

### Ranking of section runners-up

| Pos | Grp | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | A | Armagh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | +1 | 2 | Advance to semi-final |
| 2 | B | Down | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 31 | 0 | 2 | |
| 3 | C | Fermanagh | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 27 | −2 | 2 | |
# Azada

Azada can mean:
* a grub hoe, a type of hoe (tool)
* Azada (video game), an adventure-puzzle casual game
# David B. Feldman

David B. Feldman is an American psychologist who is a full professor of psychology at Santa Clara University. His research focuses on hope, meaning, and growth in the face of life's difficulties, and he has been instrumental in developing Hope Therapy and applying it to various populations.

## Education and academic career

Feldman received a bachelor's degree from DePauw University and a Ph.D. in clinical psychology (2004) from the University of Kansas. He conducted his post-doctoral healthy fellowship at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System (2004-2005).
Feldman has been a professor (2005–present) at Santa Clara University's graduate department of Counseling Psychology. Additionally, Feldman has taught in Santa Clara University's Center for Professional Development (2006–present), a continuing education program. Feldman has held supervision positions at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System (2004-2005) and the University of Kansas (2000-2003).

## Awards and accolades

* “Great Psychology Book” of the month by all-about-psychology.com for Speaking for Psychologists. (March 2010)
* Irving-Handelsman Graduate Student Teaching Award, University of Kansas (2002)

## Research

Feldman's research has focused on:
* Hope: research, measurement, and treatment applications
* Maintenance and growth of hope and meaning in the face of physical illness, trauma, and other highly stressful events.
* Interventions derived from positive-psychology constructs

## Publications and media

Feldman has authored numerous articles and book chapters, as well as presented nationally and internationally. He has been interviewed in SELF, U.S. News & World Report, and Ode, has had his work featured on WebMD.com and About.com, and has appeared on national radio.
Feldman hosts a program called About Health on alternate Mondays on Pacifica Radio station KPFA-FM in Berkeley, California.

### Books

Feldman has co-authored two books.
* Feldman, D. B., & Lasher, S. A., Jr. (2008). The end-of-life handbook: A compassionate guide to connecting with and caring for a dying loved one. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
* Feldman, D. B., & Silvia, P. J. (2010). Public speaking for psychologists: A lighthearted guide to research presentations, job talks, and other opportunities to embarrass yourself. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

## Professional memberships

* Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
* American Psychological Association
* Society for Behavioral Medicine
# Abida occidentalis

Abida occidentalis is a species of land snail in the family Chondrinidae.

## Geographic distribution

Abida occidentalis is found in France on northern slopes of the Pyrenees, as well as in a few locations in Andorra and Catalonia.

## Ecology

The species can be found living on limestone.
# Coleophora fengxianica

Coleophora fengxianica is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Shaanxi, China.
# Burn It Down (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Blabbermouth.net | 8/10 |
| Classic Rock | 7/10 |
| Classic Rock Revisited | B+ |
| KNAC | 5/5 |
| Metaltalk.net | 10/10 |
Burn It Down is the fourth studio album from Australian-American hard rock band the Dead Daisies, released on April 6, 2018, by Spitfire Music.

## Track listing

Songwriting credits from liner notes. All tracks written by Doug Aldrich, John Corabi, Marti Frederiksen, David Lowy and Marco Mendoza unless otherwise noted.

## Personnel

Credits are adapted from liner notes.
* Doug Aldrich – guitar
* John Corabi – vocals
* David Lowy – guitar
* Marco Mendoza – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Deen Castronovo – drums, backing vocals
Additional personnel
* Marti Frederiksen – keys, percussion, backing vocals, production, additional engineering
Production
* Anthony Focx – mixing
* Tim Brennan – engineering
* Brent Mitschke – engineering assistance
* Lee Hollister – band technician and coordination
* Kari Smith – production assistance
* Howie Weinberg – mastering
* Sebastien Rohde – front cover, artwork, graphic design
* David Edwards – management

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 15 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 150 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 105 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 199 |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 165 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 10 |
| Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ) | 24 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 27 |
| Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE) | 100 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 15 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 28 |
| US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) | 6 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 19 |
| US Top Album Sales (Billboard) | 100 |
# Atlantis Diesel Engines

Atlantis Diesel Engines/ Engineering (ADE) is a South African manufacturer of diesel engines and components, notably for the mining, on and off road applications as well as defense force industries. The company operates from Germiston, Gauteng, South Africa.

## History

The company was started by the Government of South Africa following the imposition of United Nations Security Council Resolution 418. The company was licensed in 1979 to manufacture Mercedes-Benz and Perkins diesel engines, which were primarily destined for military vehicles such as the Ratel IFV, Buffel, Casspir and SAMIL Trucks. The original ADE ceased in 1999 due to insolvency, and was reopened in 2009 by a group of private shareholders. OEM engines and parts including Mercedes/ MAN/ CAT/ BELL/ MTU are distributed by ADE.
# Catherine Spencer (rugby union)

Catherine Spencer (born 25 May 1979) is a former English female rugby union player. She was selected as captain in 2007. She captained England at the 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup and was also a member of the squad to the 2006 World Cup.
Spencer retired from international rugby in 2011. Spencer scored 18 tries for England, played in 8 six nations 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11 won 6 as well as 5 grand slams. Her awards have included England Player of the Year in 2006, the Rugby Union Writers Club Award in 2010, and the Linda Uttley Award in 2011.
Spencer played for Worcester, Bristol and Aylesford Bulls Ladies and has now completely retired from playing rugby.
Spencer ran her own successful women's speaker agency Inspiring women until the global pandemic put a stop to in person speaking events. Because of the pandemic, she made the decision to become a teacher and now teaches at a school not far from where she grew up.
Spencer was awarded an honorary doctorate from Canterbury Christ Church University in September 2018 for significantly raising the profile of women's rugby through her leadership and continuing to inspire girls and women.
In 2022, Spencer commentated on matches for ITV for the 2021 Rugby World Cup.
# Ayiranalloor

Ayiranalloor is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Ayiranalloor had a population of 13359 with 6494 males and 6865 females.