OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bergheim, Haut-Rhin

Bergheim (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
It is a completely fortified town and has a late-medieval church, as well as surviving towers and walls. The entire population was wiped out by two wars and the plague in the 17th-18th centuries. To replace the population, thousands of people from other countries were invited to immigrate to Bergheim. The majority of people who immigrated at that times were Swiss, German, Hungarian, Austrian, or Romanian.
The city economy is based on tourism and the viticulture that surrounds the town. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.

## Geography
### Climate

Bergheim has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Bergheim is 11.0 °C (51.8 °F). The average annual rainfall is 677.6 mm (26.68 in) with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20.0 °C (68.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 2.0 °C (35.6 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Bergheim was 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) on 13 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −16.9 °C (1.6 °F) on 20 December 2009.
Climate data for Bergheim (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1987−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) | 20.8 (69.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 29.5 (85.1) | 33.5 (92.3) | 36.9 (98.4) | 37.3 (99.1) | 38.9 (102.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 28.7 (83.7) | 23.0 (73.4) | 20.1 (68.2) | 38.9 (102.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) | 6.8 (44.2) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 22.8 (73.0) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.8 (76.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 8.4 (47.1) | 4.9 (40.8) | 14.9 (58.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) | 3.5 (38.3) | 7.2 (45.0) | 10.6 (51.1) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 15.7 (60.3) | 11.2 (52.2) | 5.6 (42.1) | 2.4 (36.3) | 11.0 (51.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) | 0.2 (32.4) | 3.3 (37.9) | 6.2 (43.2) | 10.4 (50.7) | 13.2 (55.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 14.8 (58.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 7.5 (45.5) | 2.8 (37.0) | −0.1 (31.8) | 7.0 (44.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −15.8 (3.6) | −15.3 (4.5) | −11.1 (12.0) | −2.5 (27.5) | 1.6 (34.9) | 4.5 (40.1) | 7.6 (45.7) | 7.0 (44.6) | 2.3 (36.1) | −3.3 (26.1) | −8.8 (16.2) | −16.9 (1.6) | −16.9 (1.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40.7 (1.60) | 48.1 (1.89) | 47.5 (1.87) | 45.2 (1.78) | 70.3 (2.77) | 65.9 (2.59) | 69.7 (2.74) | 62.3 (2.45) | 53.3 (2.10) | 64.0 (2.52) | 52.7 (2.07) | 57.9 (2.28) | 677.6 (26.68) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.0 | 9.1 | 10.0 | 9.4 | 11.1 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 117.2 |
| Source: Meteociel ||||||||||||||

## Gallery

* Bergheim synagogue
# Duke of York's

Duke of York's may refer to:
* Duke of York Inn, Toronto, a pub/restaurant in Toronto, Canada
* Duke of York Rural LLG, New Britain, Papua New Guinea

## United Kingdom

* Duke of York, Bloomsbury, a pub in London, England
* Duke of York, Leysters, a pub in Herefordshire, England
* Duke of York's Greek Light Infantry Regiment, a British Army regiment active in 1810–16
* Duke of York's Headquarters, a former military barracks in Chelsea, London
* Duke of York's Picture House, Brighton, a cinema in Brighton, England
* Duke of York's Royal Military School, a school in Dover
* Duke of York's Theatre, a theatre in London
# Edan Milton Hughes

Edan Milton Hughes (June 4, 1935 – April 21, 2015) was an American art dealer and collector of California art. He wrote the definitive work on California artists.

## Life

Edan Milton Hughes was born June 4, 1935, in Maysville, Kentucky. He attended the University of Kentucky, where his studies were interrupted by the Korean War. The Navy first brought him to San Francisco as a young man, where he remained till his death.
During the period of the 1960s and 1970s in San Francisco he lived in the Haight-Ashbury section of the city.
Hughes enjoyed playing bridge, and going to the Opera. He was not married and had no children, but enjoyed a vast group of friends in the San Francisco Bay Area and beyond. He died in San Francisco on April 21, 2015.

## Career

Hughes first settled in San Francisco when the Navy brought him there after the war. He was an avid dancer, and found work as a dance instructor, and as a hair stylist in some of the principal San Francisco hotels.
He sometimes worked as an assistant to rock promoter Bill Graham and met many of the main rock groups and personalities of the time, including members of the Rolling Stones, Creedence, Carlos Santana, Led Zeppelin, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, the Grateful Dead, and the Mamas and the Papas.
He also worked in real estate for several years, an activity which brought him into contact with some of the fine art from the state of California which started a lifelong passion. At the time, there was little interest in such art, and he was able to procure many canvases from some of the best artists, unrecognized at the time, for a pittance. This formed the basis of what became a vast collection of California art. His apartment was covered chock-a-block with California paintings, with many others stacked up with wall space left to show it.
His interest as a collector, along with an increasing recognition of the value of California art, combined to turn Hughes into an art dealer of California art of the first order. He also published his monumental reference work "Artists in California, 1786-1940" in 1986 with biographies of over 20,000 California artists, and this work along with Hughes' collection and dealership helped bring California art to the notice of the art world. The Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento took an interest, and helped organize and publish revised editions of the work, which is universally recognized as the definitive work in its field.

## Publications

Hughes is the author of Artists in California, 1786-1940 (1986). The first edition was published in 1986, and received so many follow up inquiries that he decided to produce a second edition with double the amount of content. The third edition is a biographical dictionary which contains information on over 20,000 Californian artists.
# Carabus hummelii pusongensis

Carabus hummelii pusongensis is a subspecies of ground beetle in the subfamily Carabinae that can be found in China, North Korea and Russia. They are either black or green coloured, with both sexes are 28 millimetres (1.1 in) in length.
# Danish pavilion

The Danish pavilion houses Denmark's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals. The building was designed by Carl Brummer and constructed between 1930 and 1932, and restored and expanded by Peter Koch in the 1950s.

## Background

The Venice Biennale is an international art biennial exhibition held in Venice, Italy. Often described as "the Olympics of the art world", participation in the Biennale is a prestigious event for contemporary artists. The festival has become a constellation of shows: a central exhibition curated by that year's artistic director, national pavilions hosted by individual nations, and independent exhibitions throughout Venice. The Biennale parent organization also hosts regular festivals in other arts: architecture, dance, film, music, and theater.
Outside of the central, international exhibition, individual nations produce their own shows, known as pavilions, as their national representation. Nations that own their pavilion buildings, such as the 30 housed on the Giardini, are responsible for their own upkeep and construction costs as well. Nations without dedicated buildings create pavilions in venues throughout the city.

## Organization and building

The pavilion, designed by Carl Brummer, was constructed between 1930 and 1932. Architect Peter Koch led a restoration and expansion between 1958 and 1960.
The Danish Arts Council Committee for International Visual Arts serves as commissioner for the Danish Pavilion at the Biennale, where Denmark has taken part since 1895.

## Representation by year
### Art

* 1999 — Jason Rhoades, Peter Bonde
* 2003 — Olafur Eliasson
* 2005 — Eva Koch, Joachim Koester, Peter Land, Ann Lislegaard, Gitte Villesen
* 2007 — Troels Wörsel (Commissioner: Holger Reenberg; Assistant Commissioner: Stinna Toft Christensen)
* 2009 — Elmgreen and Dragset
* 2011 — Taryn Simon and others (Curator: Katerina Gregos)
* 2013 — Jesper Just
* 2015 — Danh Vo (Curators: Marianne Torp, Tine Vindfeld
* 2017 — Kirstine Roepstorff
* 2019 — Larissa Sansour
* 2022 — Uffe Isolotto (Curator: Jacob Lillemose)
# Ernest Franklin Bozman

Ernest Franklin Bozman (1895–1968) was a British writer and the editor of two editions of Everyman's Encyclopaedia.

## Works

* Mountain Essays (1928)
* X plus Y: a novel (1936)
* The Traveller's Return (1938)
* British Hills and Mountains (1940), with James Horst Brunnerman Bell and John Fairfax-Blakeborough
* Phil Empresson (1944)
* Ressemblance Garantie (1947), with Michel Arnaud, René Lalou & Miron Grindea
* Ghana - Inertial Navigation (1967)
* Infallibility - Lobachevsk (1967)

### Translations

* In Defence of Letters (1939), by Georges Duhamel
* Cry Out of the Depths (1953), by Georges Duhamel
* This article about a non-fiction writer from the United Kingdom or one of its constituent countries is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Clarence Town

Clarence Town is a town in The Bahamas. It is located on Long Island. Clarence Town is the capital of Long Island and has a population of 86 people as of 2010. It has a marina, two restaurants as well as the government dock where the mail boat docks on a weekly basis. It also has a small grocery store, gas station and a small pub as well as a police station, post office and community centre. There are two churches in Clarence Town, both designed by John Hawes, of similar appearance with their twin towers. One is Anglican/Episcopal, named St. Paul's Anglican Church. The other is Roman Catholic, named St. Peter and Paul.

## Transportation

The town and area are served by nearby Deadman's Cay Airport.
# Douglas Livingstone (poet)

Douglas Livingstone (5 January 1932 – 19 February 1996) was a South African poet.
He was born in Kuala Lumpur, but his family moved to Natal after his father was taken prisoner during the Japanese invasion of Malaya. He attended Kearsney College and in 1964, he started work as a marine biologist in Durban. He gained two doctorates from the University of Natal; one for his scientific work and an honorary one for his poetry.

## Poetry

* The Skull in the Mud (1960)
* Sjambok and Other Poems from Africa (1964)
* Poems (with Thomas Kinsella and Anne Sexton, 1968)
* Eyes Closed Against the Sun (1970)
* A Rosary of Bone (1975)
* The Anvil's Undertone (1978)
* Selected Poems (1984)
* A Littoral Zone (1991)
* Giovanni Jacopo Meditates on the High-IQ Haiku (1995)
* A Ruthless Fidelity—Collected Poems of Douglas Livingstone (2004)
* Lake morning in autumn

## Translations

* Eight Shona Poems (with Phillipa Berlyn)
* Wilson Chivaura (with Phillipa Berlyn)
* Gentling a Wildcat

## Plays

* The Sea My Winding Sheet (1964)
* A Rhino for the Boardroom (1974)
* The Semblance of the Real (1984)
# C18H22N2

The molecular formula C$_{18}$H$_{22}$N$_2$ (molar mass: 266.38 g/mol, exact mass: 266.1783 u) may refer to:
* Cyclizine
* Desipramine
* Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP)
* Mezepine
# Cyperus blakeanus

Cyperus blakeanus is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae that is native to Australia.
The perennial sedge typically grows to a height of 0.25 to 0.55 metres (0.8 to 1.8 ft) and has a caespitose habit. The plant blooms between April and May producing green-brown flowers.
In Western Australia it is found in the Kimberley, Pilbara, Goldfields-Esperance regions where it grows in red sandy-loamy soils.
It was first described in 1991 by Karen Wilson, with the species epithet, blakeanus, honouring Stanley Thatcher Blake"who contributed so greatly to the taxonomic understanding of Australasian Cyperaceae".
# Charles Knapp (scholar)

Charles Knapp (22 June 1868 – 17 September 1936) was an American classical scholar.

## Biography

He was born in New York City. He graduated from Columbia University at age 19 and received a Doctorate of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in 1890 at 22 years of age, having been prize fellow 1887-1890. He became tutorial fellow in Latin (1890–91) and was appointed instructor in Latin and Greek (1891-1902), and adjunct professor of classical philology (1902–06). In 1906, he became a noted professor of classical philology at Barnard College, a women's liberal arts college affiliated with Columbia University.
An intellectual at heart, Knapp was nonetheless well liked by his students, as referenced in Barnard College: The First Fifty Years, a book presenting the history of the women's college and published by Columbia University.
    Dr. Knapp used to say to his freshmen that he and they were alike travelers on the road of learning, and the space between was so small, in comparison with the length of the road, that it need be no hindrance to pleasant companionship thereon. Throughout his long teaching life this was his characteristic attitude, and his students recognized that his passion for intellectual honesty and hard work were equaled by his kindness and enthusiasm.

## Writings

* Stories from Aulus Gellius (1895)
* Selections from Viri Romae (1896), in collaboration with R. Arrowsmith
* The Æneid of Virgil (1901, books I-VI, selections VII-XII) The dedication for this book reads: "To my sister, Miss Adeline Knapp, A.B., I am under especial obligations for valuable help in all parts of the book."
Knapp contributed to the American Journal of Philology, the Classical Journal, Classical Philology, the Classical Review, and the Classical Weekly (of which he became managing editor in 1906). He also contributed articles on classical subjects to encyclopedic works.

## Family

Knapp was married to Theresa Shaw in 1889 in Manhattan, New York. Together, they had one son, Charles M. Knapp, born 21 September 1892.
# Duncan Napier (cricketer)

Duncan Robertson Napier (6 October 1871 – 24 October 1898) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
The son of the Scotsman William Henry Edward Napier, he was born in October 1871 at Croydon. He was educated at Harrow School, before attending the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He graduated from Sandhurst in 1892, being awarded the Sword of Honour for being the best cadet at Sandhurst. He entered into the Oxfordshire Light Infantry as a second lieutenant in May 1892. He made two appearances in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club in the same month as his graduation, appearing against Lancashire and Yorkshire at Lord's. He scored 50 runs in his two matches, with a highest score of 33. Napier served with the Oxfordshire Light Infantry in British India, seeing action in the North-West Frontier Province in the Tirah campaign of 1897–98. He was seriously wounded in action during the campaign, returning to Britain where he succumbed to his injuries at Kensington in October 1898. Conversely, the Tirah memorial in Oxford records Napier as having died as a result of disease on active service.
# Edgar Charles Barnes

Edgar Charles Barnes (6 April 1909 – 27 December 1987) was a pioneer in the field of industrial hygiene and the first industrial hygienist to work for a major U.S. corporation. He was also a founding member and director of the Health Physics Society.
# Canton of Caudry

The canton of Caudry is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Caudry.
It consists of the following communes:
* Avesnes-les-Aubert
* Beaurain
* Beauvois-en-Cambrésis
* Bermerain
* Béthencourt
* Bévillers
* Boussières-en-Cambrésis
* Cagnoncles
* Capelle
* Carnières
* Caudry
* Cauroir
* Escarmain
* Estourmel
* Haussy
* Iwuy
* Montrécourt
* Naves
* Quiévy
* Rieux-en-Cambrésis
* Romeries
* Saint-Aubert
* Saint-Hilaire-lez-Cambrai
* Saint-Martin-sur-Écaillon
* Saint-Python
* Saint-Vaast-en-Cambrésis
* Saulzoir
* Solesmes
* Sommaing
* Vendegies-sur-Écaillon
* Vertain
* Viesly
* Villers-en-Cauchies
# Danish pile-driving formula

The Danish pile-driving formula is a formula which enables one to have a good gauge of the bearing capacity of a driven pile.

## History

The formula was constructed by the Danish civil engineer Andreas Knudsen in 1955. It was made as a part of his final project at The Technical University of Denmark and was published for the Geotechnic Congress in London in 1956. It later became part of the Danish Code of Practice for Foundation Engineering and was named.

## The formula

$Q_{dy}={\frac {\alpha W_{H}H}{S+0.5S_{e}}}$
in which
$S_{e}={\sqrt {\frac {2\alpha W_{H}HL}{AE}}}$
where
* Q$_{dy}$ = ultimate dynamic bearing capacity of driven pile
* α = pile driving hammer efficiency
* W$_H$ = weight of hammer
* H = hammer drop
* S = inelastic set of piles, in distance pr. hammer blow
* S$_e$ = elastic set of piles, in distance pr. hammer blow
* L = pile length
* A = pile end area
* E = modulus of elasticity of pile material
# Erzsébet Kútvölgyi

Erzsébet Kútvölgyi (born November 14, 1950) is a Jászai Mari Award and Kossuth Prize-winning Hungarian actress.

## Filmography

* Misi mókus kalandjai as Sammy the Squirrel
* Macbeth
* Johnny Corncob as the Princess
* The Little Fox as fox girl
* A Strange Role as Zsófi nővér

## Theatre credits

* 1987: Fantine in the original Hungarian cast of Les Misérables
# Bob Stoker

Robert Stoker is a Northern Irish Community Worker and former unionist politician in South Belfast who was Lord Mayor of Belfast from 1999 to 2000, and an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) Belfast City councillor for the Balmoral DEA from 1995 to 2014.

## Biography

As a member of the Ulster Unionist Party, Stoker was elected to the Northern Ireland Forum for Belfast South in May 1996. He had already been elected as a councillor to represent the Balmoral electoral area in a by-election in May 1995. He was re-elected in May 1997, June 2001 and June 2005 and 2011.
He was elected Deputy Lord Mayor of the city in June 1998 and Lord Mayor of Belfast in June 1999.
He contested the Belfast South constituency in the 2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election, but was unsuccessful, finishing 9th out of 18 candidates with 1,122 votes, 3.7% of the total first preference votes cast.
Alderman Stoker, by then one of Belfast's longest serving councillors, left the Ulster Unionist Party in October 2014 to join the UK Independence Party (UKIP). He cited wanting to be "part of a national party" and claimed that the old unionist parties were neglecting the very people on the ground who elected them. He contested the 2015 general election for UKIP in South Belfast finishing 7th with 1900 votes (4.9% of the total share).
In 2015, Stoker was appointed as Vice Chairman of UKIP in Northern Ireland by the local membership of the party. He was his party's candidate in South Belfast at the 2016 Assembly election, but was not elected.
In 2017, Stoker retired from active politics to focus on his work as a Community Worker in South Belfast.
# Drayton, South Carolina

Drayton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Spartanburg County, in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 1,115.

## History

A post office called Drayton has been in operation since 1904. The community was named for William Henry Drayton (1742–1779), a South Carolina delegate to Continental Congress.

## Education

Spartanburg County School District 7 serve Drayton. It operates Spartanburg High School.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Drayton CDP, South Carolina – Demographic Profile (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 770 | 69.06% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 199 | 17.85% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 1 | 0.09% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 21 | 1.88% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 6 | 0.54% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 3 | 0.27% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 43 | 3.86% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 72 | 6.46% |
| Total | 1,115 | 100.00% |
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
# C18H22O3

The molecular formula C$_{18}$H$_{22}$O$_3$ may refer to:
* Hydroxyestrones
** 2-Hydroxyestrone
** 4-Hydroxyestrone
** 16α-Hydroxyestrone
** 16β-Hydroxyestrone
* 16-Ketoestradiol
* Methallenestril
# Cycling at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Women's team pursuit

The women's team pursuit at the 2022 Commonwealth Games was part of the cycling programme, and took place on 29 July 2022.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Games records were as follows:
| World record | Germany (Franziska Brauße, Lisa Brennauer, Lisa Klein, Mieke Kröger) | 4:04.242 | Izu, Japan | 3 August 2021 |
| Games record | Australia (Alexandra Manly, Annette Edmondson, Ashlee Ankudinoff, Amy Cure) | 4:15.214 | Brisbane, Australia | 5 April 2018 |

## Schedule

The schedule is as follows:
All times are British Summer Time (UTC+1)
| Date | Time | Round |
| Friday 29 July 2022 | 10:14 | Qualifying |
| Friday 29 July 2022 | 16:41 | Finals |

## Results
### Qualifying

The two fastest teams advance to the gold medal final. The next two fastest teams advance to the bronze medal final.
| Rank | Nation | Time | Behind | Notes |
| 1 | Australia Georgia Baker Sophie Edwards Chloe Moran Maeve Plouffe | 4:14.605 | | QG, GR |
| 2 | New Zealand Ellesse Andrews Bryony Botha Michaela Drummond Emily Shearman | 4:18.434 | +3.829 | QG |
| 3 | England Laura Kenny Josie Knight Maddie Leech Sophie Lewis | 4:19.841 | +5.236 | QB |
| 4 | Wales Megan Barker Ella Barnwell Anna Morris Jessica Roberts | 4:20.398 | +5.793 | QB |
| 5 | Canada Ngaire Barraclough Ariane Bonhomme Maggie Coles-Lyster Devaney Collier | 4:24.701 | +10.096 | |

### Finals

| Rank | Nation | Time | Behind | Notes |
| Gold medal final |||||
| | Australia Georgia Baker Sophie Edwards Chloe Moran Maeve Plouffe | 4:12.234 | | GR |
| | New Zealand Ellesse Andrews Bryony Botha Michaela Drummond Emily Shearman | 4:17.984 | +5.750 | |
| Bronze medal final |||||
| | England Laura Kenny Josie Knight Maddie Leech Sophie Lewis | 4:17.096 | | |
| 4 | Wales Megan Barker Ella Barnwell Anna Morris Jessica Roberts | 4:18.992 | +1.796 | |
# Benjamin Nugent

Benjamin Nugent is an American writer, best known for the book American Nerd: The Story of My People and Good Kids, a novel.

## Biography

Nugent is the author of the novel Good Kids (Scribner), the cultural history American Nerd (Scribner), and the short story collection Fraternity (Farrar, Straus & Giroux). His short stories have appeared in The Paris Review, Tin House, and Vice, and have been anthologized in The Best American Short Stories 2014 and The Unprofessionals: New American Writing from the Paris Review.
His journalism has appeared in The New York Times Magazine, The New York Times Op/Ed Page, Time, GQ, The Washington Post, The Atlantic, and n+1. He earned the Bachelor's in English from Reed College, and was an Arts Fellow at the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa, where he earned the MFA in fiction.
# Dung, Doubs

Dung (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
# Eccopidia

Eccopidia is a monotypic snout moth genus. Its single species, Eccopidia strigata, is found in Sri Lanka. Both the genus and species were described by George Hampson in 1899.