OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1957 Peruvian Segunda División

The 1957 Peruvian Segunda División, the second division of Peruvian football (soccer), was played by 10 teams. The tournament winner, Mariscal Castilla was promoted to the 1958 Peruvian Primera División.

## Teams
### Team changes

| Promoted from 1956 Liguilla de Ascenso | Promoted to 1957 Primera División | Relegated from 1956 Primera División | Relegated to 1957 Liga Provincial del Callao |
| Mariscal Castilla (1st) | Porvenir Miraflores (1st) | Carlos Concha (10th) | Unión Callao (10th) |

### Stadia and locations

| Team | City |
| Association Chorrillos | Chorrillos, Lima |
| Atlético Lusitania | Cercado de Lima, Lima |
| Carlos Concha | Callao |
| Defensor Arica | Cercado de Lima, Lima |
| Juventud Gloria | Cercado de Lima, Lima |
| KDT Nacional | Callao |
| Mariscal Castilla | Cercado de Lima, Lima |
| Santiago Barranco | Barranco, Lima |
| Unidad Vecinal Nº3 | Cercado de Lima, Lima |
| Unión América | Cercado de Lima, Lima |

## League table
### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Mariscal Castilla | 18 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 26 | 1958 Primera División |
| 2 | Carlos Concha | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 24 | |
| 3 | Santiago Barranco | 18 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 19 | |
| 4 | Juventud Gloria | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 18 | |
| 5 | KDT Nacional | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 18 | |
| 6 | Unión América | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 16 | |
| 7 | Association Chorrillos | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 16 | |
| 8 | Unidad Vecinal Nº3 | 18 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 15 | |
| 9 | Defensor Arica | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 14 | |
| 10 | Atlético Lusitania | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 14 | 1958 Liga Provincial de Lima |
# Ararat Armenian Congregational Church

The Ararat Armenian Congregational Church is an Armenian Evangelical church in Salem, New Hampshire, United States. The church is located at 2 Salem Street in Salem.
Prior to the establishment of the Ararat Armenian Congregational Church, the Bethel Armenian Congregational Church in Lawrence, Massachusetts, a mission of the Lawrence Street Congregational Church, served as the primary place of worship for the area's Armenian community. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, several Armenian families, many refugees fleeing the Ottoman Empire, began to settle in Salem, New Hampshire. Frustrated with the distance of the existing Armenian church in Lawrence, in October of 1912 the Armenian population of Salem moved to establish a building committee for the creation of a new Armenian congregation within the town. The church was built on land provided by the Northeastern Street Railway Company, and construction was completed within a year. The church was dedicated on November 12, 1913.
Services were originally conducted in Armenian, but are currently led in English.

## Pastors

* Rev. Kapriel Bedrosian (1912–1918)
* Rev. Tavit Pakhchoyan (1918–1920)
* Rev. Markar Der Assadourian (1920–1921)
* Rev. Vahan Tamzarian (1921–1925)
* Rev. Yeprem Jernazian (1925–1926)
* Rev. Socrates Mackitarian (1928–1942)
* Rev. Arsen Goergizian (1943–1953)
* Rev. George Cary (1953–1955)
* Rev. Mihran Koeroghlian (1955–1962)
* Rev. Avedis Zarifian (1962–1967)
* Rev. Zaven Dohanian (1967–1973)
* Rev. Lincoln Thomas (1973–1974)
* Rev. Soghomon Nuyujukian (1974–1980)
* Rev. Robert Swanson (1980–1981)
* Rev. John Mokkosian (1981–1985)
* Rev. Robert Swanson (1985–2001)
* Rev. Aram Heghinian (2001–2012)
* Samuel Katchikian (2013-...)
# 967 Helionape

967 Helionape is an asteroid belonging to the Flora family of Main Belt asteroids. It was discovered by German astronomer Walter Baade at Hamburg Observatory on November 9, 1921, and was named after the Austrian theatrical actor Adolf von Sonnenthal. This object is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.23 AU with a period of 3.32 years and an eccentricity of 0.168. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 5.4° to the ecliptic.
Its diameter is about 12 km and it has an albedo of 0.178. Photometric observations in 2007 generated a light curve showing a rotation period of 3.234±0.002 h. The brightness amplitude during the measured period was 0.058±0.005 magnitude.
# Asclepias speciosa

Asclepias speciosa is a milky-sapped perennial plant in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae), known commonly as the showy milkweed and is found in the western half of North America.

## Description

This flowering plant is a hairy, erect perennial growing up to 120 cm (47 in) in height. The pointed, elongate, simple, entire leaves are about 10–20 cm (4–8 in) long and arranged oppositely on stalks. Milky sap is released when the leaves or stems are bruised or cut.
The flowers are about 2 cm (3⁄4 in) wide, hirsute, pale pink to pinkish-purple, and occur in dense umbellate cymes. Their corollas are reflexed and the central flower parts, five hoods with prominent hooks, form a star shape. The fruit is a rough follicle about 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and filled with many flat oval seeds, each with silky hairs.
This species flowers from May through August.
Many other species in the genus Asclepias are toxic, particularly to livestock.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is native to the western half of North America, including British Columbia and from the Cascade Range in California east to the central United States. It grows along streams, dry slopes, open woodland areas, and roadsides.

## Ecology

Asclepias speciosa is a specific monarch butterfly food and habitat plant. Additionally, phenylacetaldehyde produced by the plants attracts Synanthedon myopaeformis, the red-belted clearwing moth. It is also a larval host for the dogbane tiger moth and the queen butterfly.
Monarch Watch provides information on rearing monarchs and their host plants. Efforts to restore falling monarch butterfly populations by establishing butterfly gardens and monarch migratory "waystations" require particular attention to the target species' food preferences and population cycles, as well to the conditions needed to propagate and maintain their food plants.
For example, where it grows in Michigan and surrounding areas and in the western US, monarchs reproduce on A. speciosa, especially when its foliage is soft and fresh. Because monarch reproduction in those areas peaks in late summer when milkweed foliage is old and tough, A. speciosa needs to be mowed or cut back in June or July to assure that it will be regrowing rapidly when monarch reproduction reaches its peak.
The seeds of some milkweeds need periods of cold treatment (cold stratification) before they will germinate. To protect seeds from washing away during heavy rains and from seed–eating birds, one can cover the seeds with a light fabric or with an 13 mm (0.5 in) layer of straw mulch. However, mulch acts as an insulator. Thicker layers of mulch can prevent seeds from germinating if they prevent soil temperatures from rising enough when winter ends. Further, few seedlings can push through a thick layer of mulch.

## Uses

Native Americans used fiber in the stems for rope, basketry, and nets. Some Native Americans used the milky sap for medicinal purposes.
Although care is needed to distinguish the species from highly toxic species in the genus, the young leaves and seed pods of A. speciosa can be boiled and eaten.
# Cadfan ap Cadwaladr

Cadfan ap Cadwaladr, Lord of Ceredigion (c. 1140 - c. 1215) was the elder son of Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd, the brother of Owain Gwynedd, King of Gwynedd and overlord of all Wales. His mother was his father's first wife, Gwerfel ferch Gwrgan. He was probably born in Ceredigion, where his father held extensive estates. His father was banished in 1144. He should not be confused with Cadell ap Gruffydd, King of Deheubarth, who took Ceredigion from Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd, son of Owain Gwynedd, in 1150. Cadfan probably spent the rest of his life in exile in England. He married Gwenllian, a daughter of Owain Cyfeiliog. He is known to have had only one daughter: Tangwystl ferch Cadfan (born c. 1212).
# Caecilia leucocephala

Caecilia leucocephala is a species of caecilian in the family Caeciliidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, plantations, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.
# CKTR-FM

CKTR-FM was a radio station broadcasting at 104.9 FM in North Bay, Ontario, Canada. Originally a tourist information station, the station later evolved toward a community radio format, airing programs produced by a variety of commercial and community groups, including the local chamber of commerce, real estate and financial planning agents, health and wellness consultants, sports and recreational clubs and students from Nipissing University.

## History

On July 16, 1999, 1311831 Ontario Limited received approval from the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission to operate a new English language FM tourist information radio station to serve North Bay at 104.9 MHz. The station either signed on later the same year or in 2000.
On August 8, 2000, 1311831 Ontario Limited was granted a licence amendment to allow CKTR-FM to offer 10 hours of live broadcasting each week.
In 2004, the CRTC approved a change in ownership and effective control of 1311831 Ontario Limited. The company was now equally owned by Christopher Thompson, Steven M. Dreany and Timothy Bertrand.
On May 25, 2005, 1311831 Ontario Limited received CRTC approval to increase CKTR-FM's effective radiated power from 31 watts to 50 watts and to relocate the transmitter.
On June 5, 2006, the CRTC renewed CKTR-FM's licence from September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2013. The station is currently off the air. A new Facebook page for North Bay Radio - FM 104.9 was launched in January 2010 but hasn't been updated since March of that same year. As well the station's website is offline.
# Cactus Keck

Frank Joseph "Cactus" Keck (January 13, 1899 – February 6, 1981) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Cincinnati Reds.
Keck attended Kirkwood High School in Kirkwood, Missouri, where he threw a no-hitter against Maplewood High School. The St. Louis Browns secured exclusive rights to negotiate a contract with Keck upon his graduation from high school.
Keck ended his professional baseball career in 1930 to become a firefighter in Kirkwood. He retired as an assistant fire chief in 1967 and died in 1981.
# Caduceus (disambiguation)

Caduceus is the ancient symbol of messengers, often confused with the medical symbol the Rod of Asclepius.
Caduceus may also refer to:
* Caduceus as a symbol of medicine
* CADUCEUS (expert system), the medical expert system
* Caduceus (horse), The New Zealand racehorse and trotting champion
* Caduceus (ship), The 19th century convict ship
* Caduceus Cellars, The winery
* HMS Caduceus
* Caduceus Clay, a fictional firbolg cleric in the D&D Web Series Critical Role
* NASA's name for a hypothetical moon of Mercury in a 2012 April Fool's Day joke
* Super Surgical Operation: Caduceus, a video game (called Trauma Center: Under the Knife in the American edition) for the Nintendo DS
# Cabin, Shropshire

Cabin is a village in Shropshire, England.
* This Shropshire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Caecilia thompsoni

Caecilia thompsoni, commonly called Thompson's caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Caeciliidae. It is endemic to Colombia. It is the largest of the worm-like caecilians and reaches a length of 1.5 m (5 ft) and can weigh up to about 1 kg (2.2 lb). Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, plantations, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.
# Caecilia tentaculata

Caecilia tentaculata is a species of caecilian (a group of serpentine amphibians) in the family Caeciliidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, possibly Bolivia, and possibly Guyana. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, plantations, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.
# .22 Winchester Automatic

The .22 Winchester Automatic (also known as the .22 Winchester Auto and occasionally .22 Win Auto) is a .22 in (5.6 mm) American rimfire rifle cartridge.
Introduced for the Winchester Model 1903 semiautomatic rifle, the .22 Win Auto was never used in any other firearm. It will not chamber correctly in other .22 rimfire weapons, nor will other .22 rimfire ammunition, including the very dimensionally-similar .22 Remington Automatic, interchange with it. This feature was to prevent use of black powder rounds, which were still popular when it first appeared, from being used in the M1903, resulting in powder residue rapidly clogging the action and rendering the weapon inoperable.
The power of the .22 Win Auto is comparable to the .22 Long rimfire, and while it fires a heavier bullet, it offers no performance edge on either the .22 Long or the very much more common .22 Long Rifle.
# .240 Apex

The .240 Magnum Rimless Holland & Holland (also known as the .240 Apex and the .240 Super Express) is a centrefire sporting rifle cartridge developed in English gunmakers Holland & Holland no later than 1919, primarily for use in hunting deer and plains game.
As it was common for rimless hunting cartridges, a rimmed (beltless) variant, at the time called just "Holland's 240 Super Express" and now sometimes named .240 Flanged Magnum or .240 H&H Flanged, was developed simultaneously for break-barrel rifles and combination guns.

## Overview

The ballistic performance of the .240 H&H in factory loads is very similar to that of the .243 Winchester, with a 100-grain (6.5 g) bullet with a diameter of .245 inches (contrary to the .240 name) giving a muzzle velocity of approximately 2,900 feet per second (880 m/s). When it is loaded at the same pressure as the .243 WSSM using modern powders, the .240 H&H has the potential for slightly better performance.
Most bolt-action rifles made for the .240 H&H will be amply strong enough to handle hand-loaded cartridges at high pressure.
.240 H&H Performance Comparison :
| Cartridge | Bullet weight | Muzzle velocity | Muzzle energy |
| .240 H&H Magnum | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 2,900 ft/s (880 m/s) | 1,865 ft⋅lbf (2,529 J) |
| .240 Weatherby Magnum | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 3,406 ft/s (1,038 m/s) | 2,576 ft⋅lbf (3,493 J) |
| .242 Rimless Nitro Express | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 2,800 ft/s (850 m/s) | 1,740 ft⋅lbf (2,360 J) |
| .243 Winchester | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 2,960 ft/s (900 m/s) | 1,945 ft⋅lbf (2,637 J) |
| .243 Winchester Super Short Magnum | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 3,110 ft/s (950 m/s) | 2,147 ft⋅lbf (2,911 J) |
| .244 H&H Magnum | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 3,500 ft/s (1,100 m/s) | 2,720 ft⋅lbf (3,690 J) |
| .246 Purdey | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 2,950 ft/s (900 m/s) | 1,930 ft⋅lbf (2,620 J) |
| 6 mm Lee Navy | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 2,680 ft/s (820 m/s) | 1,595 ft⋅lbf (2,163 J) |
| 6 mm Remington | 100 gr (6.5 g) | 3,100 ft/s (940 m/s) | 2,133 ft⋅lbf (2,892 J) |
# (KDO)3-lipid IVA (2-4) 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase

(KDO)3-lipid IVA (2-4) 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase (EC 2.4.99.15, KDO transferase, waaA (gene), kdtA (gene), 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase, 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid transferase) is an enzyme with systematic name CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate:(KDO)3-lipid IVA 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate transferase ((2->4) glycosidic bond-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    alpha-Kdo-(2->8)-alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA + CMP-alpha-Kdo $\rightleftharpoons$ alpha-Kdo-(2->8)-[alpha-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA + CMP
The enzyme from Chlamydia psittaci transfers four KDO residues to lipid A, forming a branched tetrasaccharide.
# 12″ × 12 New Order Vinyl Campaign

12″ × 12 New Order Vinyl Campaign is the title of a series of 12-inch singles released by New Order in February 2006 through New State Recordings. The discs contain a mixture of both new and previously released remixes of past New Order songs. NSER017, which contains mixes of "Blue Monday", including the original 1983 version mislabelled as 'Original 88 Version', charted in the UK top 75.

## Track listing
### (NSER007)

    A. "Waiting for the Sirens' Call" (Planet Funk Remix) – 7:25
    B. "Waiting for the Sirens' Call" (Asle Dub) – 9:19
* Chart position: UK #186

### (NSER008)

    A. "Someone Like You" (James Holden Heavy Dub) – 10:00
    B. "Someone Like You" (Funk D'Void Remix) – 9:56
* Chart position: UK #192

### (NSER009)

    A. "Confusion" (Koma & Bones Remix) – 8:55
    B. "Crystal" (Lee Coombs Remix) – 8:44
* Chart position: UK #163

### (NSER010)

    A. "Confusion" (Pump Panel Reconstruction) – 10:11
    B1. "Everything's Gone Green" (Dave Clarke Remix) – 5:12
    B2. "Waiting for the Sirens' Call" (Filterheadz Remix) – 7:18
* Chart position: UK #142

### (NSER011)

    A. "Jetstream" (Phela Vocal Remix) – 8:59
    B. "Someone Like You" (Future Shock Vocal) – 8:04
* Chart position: UK #204

### (NSER012)

    A1. "Krafty" (Riton Remix) – 6:54
    A2. "Jetstream" (Tom Neville Dub) – 6:37
    B1. "Krafty" (The Glimmers Dub) – 5:53
* Chart position: UK #203

### (NSER014)

    A. "Here to Stay" (Thee Extended Glitz Mix) – 8:09
    B. "Jetstream" (Jacques Lu Cont Dub) – 8:31
* Chart position: UK #184

### (NSER015)

    A1. "Bizarre Love Triangle" (Shep Pettibone Remix) – 6:43
    A2. "Round & Round" (Kevin Saunderson Remix) – 7:11
    B1. "True Faith" (Shep Pettibone Remix) – 9:02
    B2. "Fine Time" (Steve 'Silk' Hurley Remix) – 9:18

### (NSER016)

    A1. "True Faith" (King Roc Remix) – 8:18
    B1. "Regret" (Tocadisco Remix) – 6:05
    B2. "Regret" (Tocadisco Dub) – 5:44
* Chart position: UK #109

### (NSER017)

    A. "Blue Monday" (Original 88 Version) – 7:28
    B. "Blue Monday" (Hardfloor Remix) – 8:35
* Chart position: UK #73

### (NSER018)

    A1. "Bizarre Love Triangle" (Richard X Remix) – 7:04
    A2. "Jetstream" (Arthur Baker Remix) – 7:00
    B1. "Shellshock" (John Robie Remix) – 6:30
    B2. "Thieves Like Us" (12" Extended Mix) – 6:52

### (NSER019)

    A1. "Subculture" (Dub Vulture Mix) – 7:59
    B1. "State of the Nation" (Shame of the Nation Mix) – 8:02
    B2. "I Told You So" (Stuart Price's Remix) – 5:25
* Chart position: UK #180
# 1676 in England

Events from the year 1676 in England.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Charles II

## Events

* 18 February – Isaac Newton observes to Robert Hooke that "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants".
* 2 March – first performance of George Etherege's play The Man of Mode.
* 26 May – fire in Southwark destroys 625 houses.
* September to November – major influenza epidemic; the first to be recorded as such.
* 11 December – first performance of William Wycherley's play The Plain Dealer.

### Undated

* Construction begins on Trinity College Library in Cambridge, designed by Sir Christopher Wren.
* The Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, designed by Wren, is completed this summer.
* Consecration of the first Greek Orthodox church in England, at Hog Lane, London.
* The first fossilised bone of what is now known to be a dinosaur is discovered by Robert Plot, the femur of a Megalosaurus from a limestone quarry at Cornwell near Chipping Norton.

## Births

* 4 January – Sir William Lowther, 1st Baronet, of Marske, Member of Parliament (died 1705)
* 19 January – John Weldon, composer (died 1736)
* baptised 30 January – Charles Fane, 1st Viscount Fane, courtier and landowner (died 1744)
* 14 June – Sir John Rogers, 2nd Baronet, lawyer and politician (died 1744)
* 21 June (Old Style) – Anthony Collins, philosopher (died 1729)
* 26 August – Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1745)
* 14 November – Benjamin Hoadly, clergy (died 1761)
* 29 November – Sir Henry Bunbury, 3rd Baronet, politician (died 1733)
* 30 December – John Philips, poet (died 1709)

## Deaths

* 4 March – Sir Edward Turnour, Speaker of the House of Commons (born 1617)
* 22 March – Lady Anne Clifford, literary patron (born 1590)
* 23 May (bur.) – William Samwell, architect (born 1628)
* 12 July – Henry Stubbe, writer and scholar (born 1632; drowned)
* 10 September – Gerrard Winstanley, religious reformer (born 1609)
* 11 October – Anthony Terill, theologian (born 1623)
* 25 December –
** Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Justice (born 1609)
** William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, soldier, politician and writer (born 1592)
* Chesten Marchant, last monoglot speaker of the Cornish language
# 1695 in art

Events from the year 1695 in art.

## Events

* French painter Évrard Chauveau travels to Sweden to work on the palaces of Queen Ulrike Eleonora.
* François Girardon becomes "chancelier" of the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture.

## Paintings

* Ludolf Bakhuizen – Warships in a Heavy Storm
* Mei Qing – Two Immortals on Huangshan
* Sebastiano Ricci – Phineas and the Sons of Boreas
* Hyacinthe Rigaud
** Christ Atoning on the Cross (two versions)
** Portrait of the Artist's mother (Musée du Louvre)
* Godfried Schalcken – Self-Portrait by Candlelight

## Births

* May 2 – Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, French architect and painter (died 1766)
* June 24 – Martin van Meytens, Austrian portrait painter (died 1770)
* August 11 – Michelangelo Unterberger, Austrian painter of religious themes (died 1758)
* December 19 – Andrea Locatelli, Italian painter of landscapes (vedute) (died 1741)
* December 29 – Jean-Baptiste Pater, French rococo painter (died 1736)
* date unknown
** François Boch, ceramicist, co-founder of Villeroy & Boch (died 1794)
** Miguel Cabrera, indigenous Zapotec painter, (died 1768)
** Elias Gottlob Haussmann, German painter (died 1774)
** Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier, French goldsmith, sculptor, painter, architect, and furniture designer (died 1750)
** Johan Ross the Elder, Swedish painter (died 1773)
* probable
** Francesco Pavona, Italian painter primarily of pastel portraits (died 1777)
** Louis-François Roubiliac, French sculptor (died 1762)

## Deaths

* January 16 – Hans Adam Weissenkircher, Austrian Baroque court painter (born 1646)
* April 3 – Melchior d'Hondecoeter, Dutch painter of exotic birds in a park-like landscape (born 1636)
* April 12 – Jean-Baptiste Corneille, French painter, etcher, and engraver (born 1646)
* May – Cornelis de Heem, still-life painter associated with both Flemish Baroque and Dutch Golden Age painting (born 1631)
* May 9 – Lambert van Haven, Danish painter, architect and master builder (born 1630)
* May 29 – Giuseppe Recco, Italian painter (born 1634)
* May 30 – Pierre Mignard, French painter (born 1605)
* August 8 – Carel de Vogelaer, Dutch still life painter (born 1653)
* date unknown
** Fabrizio Chiari, painter and engraver (born 1621)
** Jean-Gilles Delcour, Flemish religious painter (born 1632)
** Enkū, Japanese Buddhist monk and sculptor during the early Edo period (born 1632)
** Henri Testelin, French court painter (born 1616)
* probable
** Valerio Baldassari, Italian painter (born 1650)
** Jan Thopas, Dutch portraitist (born 1627)
# 1664 in science

The year 1664 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Astronomy

* May 9 – Robert Hooke discovers Jupiter's Great Red Spot.

## Biology

* Francesco Redi writes Osservazioni intorno alle vipere ("Observations about the Viper"), demonstrating that popular beliefs about venom are untrue.

## Mathematics

* January 18 – Isaac Barrow is appointed first Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge.
* Blaise Pascal's paper on the properties of the triangle is published posthumously.

## Medicine

* Thomas Willis publishes Cerebri Anatome, cui accessit nervorum descriptio et usus in London, including illustrations by Christopher Wren. This contains an accurate account of the nervous system and introduces the term "neurology".

## Births

* February 24 – Thomas Newcomen, English inventor (died 1729)
* September 22 – Catherine Jérémie, French-Canadian botanist (died 1744)

## Deaths

* July 11 (bur.) – Jan Janssonius, Dutch cartographer (born 1588)
* August 22 – Maria Cunitz, Silesian astronomer (born 1610)