OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elizabeth Ward

Elizabeth Ward may refer to:

## Actresses

* Elizabeth Gracen (born 1961), American actress, born Elizabeth Ward, Miss America 1982
* Elizabeth Ward, American actress in Alone in the Dark
* B. J. Ward (actress) (Betty Jean Ward, born 1944), actress
* Beth Ward, presenter of quiz show As Schools Match Wits since 2008

## Others

* Elizabeth Despard Ward (1926-2020), British healthcare campaigner, founder of the British Kidney Patient Association and organ donor card pioneer
* Elizabeth Rebecca Ward (1880–1978), English writer
* Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward (1844–1911), American author
* Elizabeth Ward (critic), winner of National Book Critics Circle Award in 1992
* Elizabeth M. Ward, American scientist and researcher
* Liz Ward (artist), American artist
* Elizabeth Jane Ward, Australian evangelist and women's suffrage campaigner
# David Randall

David Randall (April 1951 – 17 July 2021) was a British journalist and author of The Universal Journalist, a textbook on journalism. He was assistant editor of The Observer until 1998, when he joined The Independent on Sunday and worked there until retiring in 2013.

## Education and career in journalism

Randall was born in Ipswich in 1951. He studied economics at Clare College, Cambridge. While at Cambridge, he was recruited to write for the student newspaper Varsity by editor Jeremy Paxman and wrote a weekly column titled "The Adventures of Druisilla Nutt-Tingler".

## Career

After a brief period as a professional comedian and a brand manager at a cosmetics company, Randall joined the Croydon Advertiser as a trainee reporter in 1974 and became the paper's editor in 1980. He joined The Observer one year later as deputy sports editor. He was promoted to the post of assistant editor. Randall later joined The Independent on Sunday in 1998. He worked as its home editor, chief news writer, and commentator until his retirement in 2013.

## Books

Randall was the author of The Universal Journalist. In a review of the book in the British Journalism Review, Ann Leslie stated "How I wish this book had been around when I was a young reporter." In the book Journalism, Ethics and Society, David Berry labels Randall a "prominent critic of the debate" concerning journalistic ethics and quotes Randall as arguing in The Universal Journalist that "the objectives and resolutions of ethical debates are unrealistic in the real world of practice [of journalism]."
Randall was also the author of The Great Reporters, which profiles thirteen reporters he regards as being the best journalists. Among the reporters included were Edna Buchanan, William Howard Russell, Hugh McIlvanney, Ann Leslie, and A. J. Liebling.
2019, "Suburbia (A Far From Ordinary Place)", his personal recollections of growing up in the 1950s and 1960s in Worcester Park and a warm and humorous broader look at life in the suburbs at that time.

## Personal life

Randall was married to Pam until his death. Together, they had four children: Guy, Paul, Simon, and Tom.
Randall resided in Croydon during his later life. He died during the week of 11–17 July 2021. He was 70, and suffered a suspected heart attack prior to his death.
# Artahe

Artaha (also spelled Artehe) is the name of an ancient goddess that was worshiped in Southern Gaul, in the region of Aquitania. She is a tutelary goddess that is thought to be associated with bears.
The theonym is recorded in several inscriptions from Saint-Pé-d'Ardet, where there seems to have been a Gallo-Roman-era cult center for the god:
    CIL 13, 64
    Lexeia Odanni f(ilia) Artehe v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)
    CIL 13, 70; AE 1888, 141
    Deo Artahe L(uci) P(ompei) Pauliniani [nep(os) 3]
    ILTG 37
    Artahe deo Rufo IIFIS v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)
    ILTG 38
    [...] Artahe [...]
From the same region - the village of Lourde - comes another inscription bearing the name:
    CIL 13, 71
    Artehe deo Bonnexi Amandi v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)
It is also recorded in an inscription from Malvezie:
    CIL 13, 73 (4, p 2)
    Ar[t]a[he deo] L(ucius) Antist(ius) Syntr[o]p(h)us v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)

## Etymology

According to Spanish linguist and Vascologist Joaquín Gorrochategui [eu], her name has been variously interpreted as either Celtic, related to Artaios, or Aquitanian. Following the second line of reading, the name appears to be of ancient Aquitanian origin and may be cognate with modern Basque arte "oak". The place name Ardet may be derived from the theonym, or vice versa.
# Cooperia

Cooperia is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to:
* Cooperia (nematode), a genus of nematodes in the family Cooperiidae, including the species Cooperia oncophora
* Cooperia (plant), a genus of plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, now considered a synonym of Zephyranthes
# Aushev

Aushev may refer to:
* Ruslan Aushev
* Bashir Aushev
* Apti Aushev
* Rashid Aushev Central Stadium
* Maksharip Aushev (1966–2009)
# Crawl Space (album)

Crawl Space is a 1977 album by American flugelhornist Art Farmer, released on the CTI label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
The Bay State Banner noted that, "on 'Petite Bell' Steig gets really funky, Farmer gets very mellow and Gadd drives them both, making this a very beautiful tune."
The AllMusic review stated: "The moody music holds one's interest throughout".

## Track listing

* "Crawl Space" (Dave Grusin) - 8:52
* "Siddhartha" (Fritz Pauer) - 7:36
* "Chanson" (Grusin) - 8:36
* "Petite Belle" (Art Farmer) - 9:41
* Recorded at Van Gelder Studio in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey in January 1977

## Personnel

* Art Farmer - flugelhorn
* Jeremy Steig - flute
* David Grusin - keyboards, arranger (tracks 1 & 3)
* Eric Gale - guitar
* Will Lee - electric bass, gong
* George Mraz - bass (track 2)
* Steve Gadd - drums
* Fritz Pauer - arranger (tracks 2 & 4)
* Bob James - conductor, producer
* Creed Taylor - producer
# Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Family, Nairobi

The Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Family is a Catholic Church Cathedral and Basilica dedicated to the Holy Family located in Nairobi. The Basilica is the seat of the Archdiocese of Nairobi. The original church, which had a sitting capacity of 300–400, built in 1904, was the first stone building in the Nairobi. The current church was built between 1960 and 1963, and was officially blessed and opened in 6 July 1963. The church was designated a basilica in 1982.

## History

The congregation of the cathedral was originally composed of railway construction workers who lived in a camp nearby what would become the first Nairobi Railway Station. Under the administration of the Holy Ghost Fathers, Brother Josaphat, C.S.S.P (Holy Ghost Missionary) was entrusted with the building of a church in 1904. With a sitting capacity of 300–400 people, it was the first stone building in Nairobi. The first baptism took place in 1906, the first marriage in 1908, and first confirmation in 1923.
The first Archbishop of Nairobi was John Joseph McCarthy who was appointed in 1953 and he would serve until 1971 when he retired.
Dorothy Hughes, who was brought up in Kenya, designed the current building in 1960. The cathedral was constructed by the British company Mowlem. The modernist cathedral features abstract stained glass in stainless steel frames. The cathedral's specification included details in carrara marble and seating for 3,000 to 4,000 people. This is ten times the number of the original stone church. The building is 98 feet high and features a large cross. Hughes' design features eight different chapels in addition to the two main halls. There is a main altar with a large crucifix and a large sanctuary, as well as two side altars.
The church was visited by John Paul II in 1980 and designated a basilica on 15 February 1982. John Paul prayed again at this church in 1985 and 1995. The Holy Ghost Fathers were responsible for the basilica until 1991.
A new administrative building for the archbishop's office was being built by the Chinese construction company Zhongxing Construction in 2011.

## Services

The cathedral is the headquarters of the Archdiocese of Nairobi. The current archbishop is Philip Anyolo who was made a archbishop of Nairobi in 2021. The Archdiocese of Nairobi contains an estimated population of 4 million people of which 1.6 million are thought to be Catholic. These 4,000 Christian communities are served by 182 clergy, eight university level education facilities and several places for retreat.
Services are available throughout the week within the cathedral and one of the chapels is always open. In addition the building also houses a bookshop and a school.

## Gallery

* Chapel
* Nairobi city centre including Basilica
* Interior
* Holy water and baptismal fonts
* Nairobi from the Kenyatta International Conference Centre
# Conostephium roei

Conostephium roei is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with egg-shaped, oblong or linear leaves with and white and purple or reddish brown flowers.

## Description

Conostephium roei is an erect shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1.2 m (1 ft 0 in – 3 ft 11 in). Its leaves are egg-shaped, oblong or linear, mostly 6–8.5 mm (0.24–0.33 in) long with the edges sometimes rolled. The flowers are 8.5–9.5 mm (0.33–0.37 in) long, more or less sessile, and downturned, with bracteoles nearly as long as the sepals. The sepals are white, less than 6.5 mm (0.26 in) long, the petal tube conical, hairy near the tip, and purple or reddish brown. Flowering occurs from August to October.

## Taxonomy and naming

Conostephium roei was first formally described in 1868 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis from specimens collected "in the interior" by John Septimus Roe. The specific epithet (roei) honours the collector of the type specimens.

## Distribution and habitat

This species usually grows near salt lakes in sandy soil, and occurs between Ongerup, Lake Magenta and Newdegate in the Mallee bioregion of southern Western Australia.

## Conservation status

This conostephium is listed as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Dorothy Hamm

Dorothy Hamm (1919-2004) was a leading figure in the civil rights movement in the Commonwealth of Virginia, an author, teacher, and elections officer.

## Life and activism

Hamm was born in 1919 in Caroline County, Virginia. She attended Miner Teachers College. In 1942, she married Edward Leslie Hamm, Sr. with whom she had three children.
Hamm led efforts to desegregate schools in Virginia, to improve fairness in elections, and for equal access to jobs, housing, restaurants, theatres, and hospital rooms. She was a plaintiff in five landmark court cases affecting civil rights, including the 1956 decision that ended school segregation in Arlington County, Virginia, adjacent to Washington D.C., the national capital. Her play, "Our Heritage: Slavery to Freedom, 1776–1976," was designated an official bicentennial event by Arlington County. Her documentary, "Our Struggle for Equality–25 Years Ago," is televised annually during Black History Month. In 2018 the Dorothy Hamm Middle School in Arlington, Virginia, was named in her honour.
A resolution passed by the Virginia House of Delegates in 2002 commended her, highlighting the historic nature of her accomplishments, and noted that she "was also a plaintiff in the cases that eliminated the pupil placement form, desegregated all athletics in the Arlington public schools, desegregated theaters in Arlington, and eliminated the poll tax."
Hamm was an officer of elections in Arlington County for more than 27 years. She served as a delegate to Arlington County and state conventions of the Democratic Party in 1964. She was later appointed assistant registrar and a chief election officer in the Woodlawn precinct in Arlington. She worked with the Congress of Racial Equality as they organized in Arlington, and participated in the 1968 Poor People's March on Washington.
Hamm led the establishment of a Head Start program in Arlington in the mid-1960s and taught there for several years. She was also a leader in three churches she attended over the years, including Wright's Chapel United Methodist Church, where she served as secretary, trustee and in the drama group. She received the first Arlington County Martin Luther King Jr. Award for Outstanding Volunteer Service in 1982 and a separate award from the Young Arlington Democrats for "Pioneering Civil Rights in Arlington."
Hamm died on May 14, 2004, in Richmond, Virginia.
In 2018 the Virginia Capitol Foundation announced that Hamm's name would be on the Virginia Women's Monument's glass Wall of Honor.

## Books

* Integration of Arlington County Schools: My Story Center for Local History, Arlington County, Virginia, 2002
# De Alchemia

De Alchemia is an early collection of alchemical writings first published by Johannes Petreius in Nuremberg in 1541. A second edition was published in Frankfurt in 1550 by the printer Cyriacus Jacobus.
The full title reads: De Alchemia. Opuscula complura veterum philosophorum. Among the texts are the important alchemical works the Rosarium Philosophorum, presented with illustrations in the second edition (1550); the Summa Perfectionis of Pseudo-Geber; and the Tabula Smaragdina of Hermes Trismegistus.
The Rosarium Philosophorum is itself an alchemical collection, taking the form of a (florilegium), or a collection of citations of earlier alchemical authorities, among them Khalid ibn Yazid, Pseudo-Arnaldus of Villa Nova, Alphidius, and Pseudo-Lull) and which includes verses explaining the preparation of the Philosopher's stone accompanied by allegorical illustrations, which depict, for example, the union of the male and female principles. The collection is preserved in many manuscript copies and comes perhaps from the end of the fourteenth or the beginning of the fifteenth century (some even date it to the sixteenth century).
In the 1541 edition, Petraeus called for the printing of further alchemical texts. This started a period of publishing alchemical collections in large numbers, among them the Artis Auriferae, Verae alchemiae artisque metallicae, citra aenigmata, doctrina and culminating in the Theatrum Chemicum.

## Contents of 1541 edition

* Geber (Pseudo-Geber). De investigatione perfectionis metallorum, Liber I.
* Geber. Summæ perfectionis metallorum, sive perfecti magisterij, Libri II.
* Geber. De inventione veritatis seu perfectionis metallorum. Liber I.
* Geber. De fornacibus construendis. Liber I.
* (Roger Bacon). Speculum alchemi, Rogerij Bachonis.
* (Richardus Anglicus). Correctorium alchemiæ Richardi Anglici.
* Rosarius minor, de alchemia, incerti authoris
* (Khalid ibn Yazid). Liber secretorum alchemiæ Calidis filij Iazichi Iudæi.
* (Hermes Trimegistus). Tabula smaragdina de alchemia
* (Ortulanus). Hortulani philosophi, super Tabulam smaragdinam Hermetis commentarius.

## Contents of 1550 edition

Part 1:
* Correctio Fatuorum.
* Clangor Buccinæ.
* Semita Semitæ.
* (Pseudo-Avicenna). De tinctura metallorum.
* (Pseudo-Lull). Compendium animæ transmutationis.
* Scala Philosophorum.
* Opus mulierum, Tractatulus, sive ludus puerorum.
* (Pseudo-Lull). De Tincturis compendium, seu Vade Mecum.
* (Pseudo-Aristotle). Tractatulus de Practica lapidis Philosophici.
Part 2:
* Rosarium Philosophorum
# Canoe sprint at the 2023 European Games – Men's C-1 200 metres

The men's C-1 200 metres canoe sprint competition at the 2023 European Games took place between 22 and 23 June at the Kryspinów Waterway.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
| Date | Time | Round |
| Thursday 22 June 2023 | 08:07 | Heats |
| Thursday 22 June 2023 | 15:07 | Semifinal |
| Friday 23 June 2023 | 14:04 | Final |
All times are UTC+2

## Results
### Heats

The fastest three boats in each heat advanced directly to the final. The next four fastest boats in each heat, plus the fastest remaining boat advanced to the semifinal.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Canoeist | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Zaza Nadiradze | Georgia | 39.266 | QF |
| 2 | Henrikas Žustautas | Lithuania | 39.712 | QF |
| 3 | Jonatán Hajdu | Hungary | 39.866 | QF |
| 4 | Mattia Alfonsi | Italy | 39.890 | QS |
| 5 | Taras Mishchuk | Ukraine | 40.016 | QS |
| 6 | Nico Pickert | Germany | 40.252 | QS |
| 7 | Ilie Sprîncean | Romania | 40.260 | QS |
| 8 | Manfred Pallinger | Austria | 41.584 | qS |
| 9 | Resül Aydın | Turkey | 43.392 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Canoeist | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Pablo Graña | Spain | 39.519 | QF |
| 2 | Oleksii Koliadych | Poland | 39.707 | QF |
| 3 | Serghei Tarnovschi | Moldova | 40.107 | QF |
| 4 | Peter Fuksa | Czech Republic | 40.275 | QS |
| 5 | Hélder Silva | Portugal | 40.301 | QS |
| 6 | Ansis Grišāns | Latvia | 41.515 | QS |
| 7 | Stefanos Dimopoulos | Greece | 41.735 | QS |
| 8 | Jasmin Klebić | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 44.880 | |
| 9 | Dario Maksimovic | Luxembourg | 46.178 | |

### Semifinal

The fastest three boats advanced to the final.
| Rank | Canoeist | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Mattia Alfonsi | Italy | 40.928 | QF |
| 2 | Ilie Sprîncean | Romania | 40.956 | QF |
| 3 | Hélder Silva | Portugal | 40.990 | QF |
| 4 | Taras Mishchuk | Ukraine | 41.140 | |
| 5 | Peter Fuksa | Czech Republic | 41.146 | |
| 6 | Nico Pickert | Germany | 41.364 | |
| 7 | Stefanos Dimopoulos | Greece | 42.340 | |
| 8 | Ansis Grišāns | Latvia | 43.084 | |
| 9 | Manfred Pallinger | Austria | 44.010 | |

### Final

Competitors in this final raced for positions 1 to 9, with medals going to the top three.
| Rank | Canoeist | Country | Time |
| | Henrikas Žustautas | Lithuania | 39.700 |
| | Zaza Nadiradze | Georgia | 39.796 |
| | Pablo Graña | Spain | 39.852 |
| 4 | Serghei Tarnovschi | Moldova | 40.254 |
| 4 | Oleksii Koliadych | Poland | 40.254 |
| 6 | Jonatán Hajdu | Hungary | 40.594 |
| 7 | Mattia Alfonsi | Italy | 40.650 |
| 8 | Ilie Sprîncean | Romania | 41.052 |
| 9 | Hélder Silva | Portugal | 41.192 |
# Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman

The Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman (colloquially Jerusalem of the Armenians) is the missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Armenian Catholic Church sui iuris (Eastern Catholic, Armenian Rite in Armenian language) in the Holy Land (Palestine/Israel) and (Trans)Jordan.
It is directly dependent on the Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia, not part of his or any ecclesiastical province.
Its Cathedral episcopal see is a World Heritage Site: the Church of Our Lady of Sorrows, Jerusalem.

## Antecedents

Previously the area had the lower status of patriarchal vicariate within the Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia's proper archdiocese (based in Beirut).

### Patriarchal Vicars of Jerusalem

* Monsignor Giovanni Gamasargan (1973 – 1978)
* Father Joseph Chadarevian (1978 – 1986)
* Father Joseph I. Debs (1986 – 1991 see below)

## History

* Established on 1 October 1991 as Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem.
* In 1998 demoted as Territory Dependent on the Patriarch of Amman and Jerusalem, under the same Ordinary
* Promoted back in 2001 as Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman

## Ordinaries

(all Armenian Rite)

### Patriarchal Exarchs of Jerusalem

* Father Joseph I. Debs (see above 1991 – 1992), previously last Patriarchal Vicar of Jerusalem of the Armenians (1986 – 1991)
* Archimandrite Joseph Rubian (1992 – 1995)
* André Bedoglouyan, Patriarchal Clergy Institute of Bzommar (I.C.P.B.) (1995 – 1998 see below), previously Titular Bishop of Comana Armeniæ (1971.07.24 – death 2010.04.13) & Auxiliary Eparch of Cilicia of the Armenians (patriarchate, in Lebanon) (1971.07.24 – 1994.11.05), also Apostolic Administrator of Kameshli of the Armenians (Syria) (1988 – 1989)

### Protosyncellus of (Patriarchal Dependency) Amman and Jerusalem

* André Bedoglouyan, I.C.P.B. (see above 1998 – retired 2001)

### Patriarchal Exarchs of Jerusalem and Amman

* Kévork Khazoumian (2001 – 2006.03.15), also Titular Bishop of Marasc of the Armenians (2002.01.22 – 2006.03.15); later Coadjutor Archeparch of Istanbul of the Armenians (Turkey) (2006.03.15 – 2014.05.21)
* Msgr. Raphaël François Minassian (2006 – 2011.06.24); later Titular Archbishop of Cesarea in Cappadocia of the Armenians (2011.06.24 – 2021.09.23), Ordinary of East Europe of the Armenians (Armenia) (2011.06.24 – 2021.09.23) & Catholicos Patriarch of Cilicia of Armenian Catholics as Raphaël Bedros XXI Minassian (2021.09.23 – ...)
* Msgr. Joseph Antoine Kélékian (2011.08.08 – retired 2014)
* Apostolic Administrator Msgr. Kevork Noradouguian (Dankayé) (2014.04.30 – 2015.11.25) (no other office)
* Kricor-Okosdinos Coussa (2015.11.25 – 2019.05.10); previously Eparch of Iskanderiya of the Armenians (Alexandria, Egypt) ([2003.09.09] 2004.01.07 – ...)
* Nerses Zabbara [de] (2019.05.10 – 2022)
* Narek Naamoyan [de] (2022 – ...)
# Copperline

"Copperline" is a song by American singer-songwriter James Taylor, released in 1991 as the lead single from his thirteenth studio album New Moon Shine. The song was written by Taylor and poet Reynolds Price.

## Chart performance

"Copperline" peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. It also peaked at number 43 in Canada.
# Autism Rocks

Autism Rocks was a United Kingdom-based charitable organisation founded by Sanjay Shah to raise awareness about autism through charitable music events. All funds raised by Autism Rocks went to the Autism Research Trust, which in turn supported research by the Autism Research Centre at Cambridge University.

## Overview

Autism Rocks gained international popularity after organising an event with late music artist Prince. The Guardian reported that Prince 'love-bombed' the crowd. Artists such as Zayn Malik, Lenny Kravitz, Snoop Dogg and Ricky Martin have also participated.
It created the Autism Rocks Support Centre, one of the first not-for-profit autism centres in the United Arab Emirates. This centre shut down in February 2020 amidst the tax fraud probe against Sanjay Shah.
# Crawl frog

Crawl frog may refer to:
* Bright yellow-eyed crawl frog (Leptobrachium hendricksoni), a frog in the family Megophryidae found in the Malay Peninsula (Southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia), Sarawak (Borneo), and Sumatra (Indonesia)
* Pygmy crawl frog (Leptolalax oshanensis), a frog in the family Megophryidae endemic to the Guizhou, Hubei, and Sichuan provinces in southern–central China