# List of jurists

The following lists are of prominent jurists, including judges, listed in alphabetical order by jurisdiction.

## Premodern
### Ancient Near East

* Ur-Nammu
* Hammurabi

### Ancient Egypt

* Bakenranef

### Ancient Israel

* Solomon

### Ancient India

* Manu
* Chanakya

### Ancient Greece

* Draco
* Lycurgus
* Lysias
* Solon
* Zaleucus
* Charondas
* Demonax
* Diagoras of Melos

### Ancient Rome

* Numa Pompilius
* Gaius Terentilius Harsa
* Marcus Tullius Cicero
* Gaius
* Herennius Modestinus
* Aemilius Papinianus
* Paulus
* Domitius Ulpianus
* Pamphilus of Caesarea
* Sozomen

### Byzantine Empire

* Enantiophanes
* Tribonian
* Dorotheus
* Theophilus Antecessor
* Michael Choumnos
* Theodore of Dekapolis
* Anastasius

### Islamic

* Muhammad
* Abu Hanifa
* Malik ibn Anas
* Al-Shafi‘i
* Ahmad ibn Hanbal
* Al-Ghazali
* Ibn Taymiyyah
* Ibn Khaldun

### Medieval Roman Law

* Glossators:
** Irnerius
** Four Doctors of Bologna:
*** Bulgarus
*** Martinus Gosia
*** Jacobus de Boragine
*** Hugo de Porta Ravennate
** Placentinus
** Azo of Bologna
** Accursius
** Franciscus Accursius
** Joannes Bassianus
** Tancred of Bologna
** Bernard of Botone
* Cino da Pistoia
* Bartolus de Saxoferrato
* Baldus de Ubaldis
* Matteo D'Afflitto

### Canon law

* Saint Photios the Great
* Gratian (the Monk)
* John Scholasticus
* John Gascoigne
* Johann Georg Reiffenstuel

## Modern jurists by country
### Argentina

* Luis Moreno Ocampo
* Eugenio Raul Zaffaroni

### Australia

* Sir Edmund Barton (judge)
* Sir Garfield Barwick (judge)
* Sir Gerard Brennan (judge)
* Julian Burnside (Queen's Counsel)
* Sir William Deane (judge, Governor-General)
* Sir Owen Dixon (judge)
* Dr H.V. Evatt (judge, politician)
* Robert French (judge)
* Mary Gaudron (judge)
* Sir Harry Gibbs (judge)
* Murray Gleeson (judge)
* Sir Samuel Griffith (judge)
* H.B. Higgins (judge)
* Sir Isaac Isaacs (judge, Governor-General)
* David Ipp (judge)
* Michael Kirby (judge)
* Sir Adrian Knox (judge)
* Sir Anthony Mason (judge)
* Lionel Murphy (judge)
* Richard O'Connor (judge)
* Geoffrey Robertson (Queen's Counsel)
* Sir Ninian Stephen (judge)
* Julius Stone
* Sir Ronald Wilson (judge)

### Austria

* Ludwig Adamovich Sr., former president of the Austrian Constitutional Court
* Ludwig Adamovich Jr., former president of the Austrian Constitutional Court
* Walter Antoniolli, former president of the Austrian Constitutional Court
* Eugen Ehrlich, legal sociologist
* Hans Kelsen, Constitutional theorist, draftsman of the Austrian constitution and creator of the Pure Theory of Law
* Karl Korinek, former president of the Austrian Constitutional Court
* Franz von Zeiller, draftsman of the final version of the Austrian Civil Code of 1811

### Bangladesh

* A. K. Fazlul Huq
* Radhabinod Pal
* Syed Mahbub Murshed
* Mustafa Kamal
* Azizul Haque
* Kamal Hossain
* Khatun Sapnara

### Brazil

* Pimenta Bueno
* Eusébio de Queirós
* Zacarias de Góis e Vasconcelos
* Cândido Mendes de Almeida
* Viscount of Rio Branco
* Ernesto Carneiro Ribeiro
* Rui Barbosa
* Clóvis Beviláqua
* Baron of Rio Branco
* Joaquim Nabuco
* Heráclito Fontoura Sobral Pinto
* Hermes Lima
* Rosa Weber
* San Tiago Dantas
* Evandro Lins e Silva
* Victor Nunes Leal
* Alfredo Buzaid
* Paulo Brossard
* Raymundo Faoro
* Joaquim Barbosa
* Walter Moraes
* Marco Aurélio Mello
* Celso Lafer
* Celso de Mello
* Francisco Cavalcanti Pontes de Miranda
* Miguel Reale
* Augusto Teixeira de Freitas

### Brunei

* Geoffrey Briggs

### Canada

* Rosalie Abella
* Louise Arbour
* Matthew Baillie Begbie
* Denise Bellamy
* William Hume Blake
* Louise Charron
* Henry Pering Pellew Crease
* Brian Dickson
* John Gomery
* Peter Hogg
* Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine
* Antonio Lamer
* Bora Laskin
* John McClung
* Beverley McLachlin, first female Chief Justice of Canada (2000–2017)
* Roy McMurtry
* Louis-Philippe Pigeon
* F. R. Scott, also a poet (Francis Reginald Scott, or Frank Scott)
* Robert Taschereau
* Stephen Waddams

### Colombia

* Carlos Medellín Forero
* Carlos Lemos Simmonds

### Cyprus

* Solon Nikitas
* Alecos Markides
* Phytos Poetis

### Czechoslovakia

* Emil Hácha
* František Ladislav Rieger

### Czech Republic

* Petra Buzková
* Otakar Motejl
* Petr Pithart
* Cyril Svoboda

### Denmark

* Alf Ross
* Anders Sandøe Ørsted

### England & Wales

* John Selden
* Sir Francis Bacon
* Sir Redmond Barry, QC
* Sir William Blackstone
* Lord Browne-Wilkinson
* Sir Edward Coke
* Lord Denning
* Albert Venn Dicey
* Sir Matthew Hale
* Lord Hutton
* Lord Goff of Chieveley
* Thomas More
* Lord Morris of Borth-y-Gest
* Lord Scarman
* Hartley Shawcross
* Lord Templeman
* Lord Woolf
* Lord Mansfield
* Sir Ronald Waterhouse, QC

### France

* Antoine Dadin de Hauteserre
* Charles Aubry
* Jean-Louis Bruguière, investigative magistrate specialized on terrorism cases
* Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, main author of the Napoleonic Code
* Guy Canivet, first president of the Court of Cassation
* Renaud Denoix de Saint Marc, vice-president of the Conseil d'État
* Jean-Jacques Gaspard Foelix (1791–1853) founder of the science of comparative law in France.
* Georges Gurvitch
* Claude Jorda
* Edouard de Laboulaye
* Pierre Mazeaud, president of the Constitutional Council of France
* Jean-Étienne-Marie Portalis
* Jean-Paul Beraudo
* Joseph Dallois

### Germany

* Claus-Wilhelm Canaris, leading drafter of the modern Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch
* Philipp Heck, representative of sociological jurisprudence (Interessenjurisprudenz)
* Roman Herzog, President of the German Constitutional Court and later President of Germany
* es: Günther Jakobs
* Rudolf von Jhering, founder of sociological jurisprudence (Interessenjurisprudenz)
* Hermann Kantorowicz, proponent of the Free Law School (Freirechtslehre)
* Burkard Wilhelm Leist (1819–1906)
* Richard Rosendorff (fl. 1875–1941)
* Claus Roxin, founder of the "Tatherrschaftslehre"
* Friedrich Carl von Savigny, 19th century legal scholar of the historical school
* Carl Schmitt, legal theorist
* Bernhard Windscheid, leading drafter of the BGB
* Reinhold Zippelius, German representative of critical rationalism in jurisprudence
* Robert Alexy

### Hong Kong

* Kemal Bokhary (judge)
* Charles Ching (judge)
* Andrew Li (judge)
* Henry Litton (judge)
* Charles Ching
* Denys Roberts
* Robert Ribeiro
* George Phillippo
* Yang Ti-liang
* Patrick Yu

### India

* Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
* Mahatma Gandhi
* C. Rajagopalachari
* Chittaranjan Das
* Rajendra Prasad
* B. N. Rau
* Subodh Markandeya
* K. K. Mathew
* Flavia Agnes
* Upendra Baxi
* P. B. Gajendragadkar
* Justice V.R Krishna Iyer
* Ram Jethmalani
* Fali S. Nariman
* N. R. Madhava Menon
* Nanabhoy Palkhivala
* Justice P. N. Bhagwati
* B.S. Chimni
* M.P. Singh
* K N Chandrasekharan Pillai
* Justice Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud
* Justice Y. V. Chandrachud
* Radhabinod Pal
* Hari Singh Gour
* B. N. Srikrishna
* Shamnad Basheer
* M. C. Setalvad
* Mandagadde Rama Jois
* Dr. Faizan Mustafa
* Adish C. Aggarwala

### Iran

* Shirin Ebadi

### Ireland

* William Binchy (Regius Professor of Laws in Trinity College, Dublin)
* Declan Costello (former President of the High Court and Attorney-General)
* Susan Denham (Judge of the Supreme Court)
* Thomas Finlay (former Chief Justice)
* Dermot Gleeson (Senior Counsel and former Attorney-General)
* Adrian Hardiman (Judge of the Supreme Court)
* Gerard Hogan (Senior Counsel, Lecturer in Trinity College, Dublin, co-editor of the later editions of "J.M. Kelly: The Irish Constitution")
* Ronan Keane (former Chief Justice)
* John M. Kelly (late Attorney-General and author of the commentary "The Irish Constitution")
* Hugh Kennedy (late Chief Justice and Attorney-General)
* John L. Murray (Chief Justice and former Attorney-General)
* Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (late Chief Justice, Attorney-General and President of Ireland)
* Thomas O'Higgins (late Chief Justice)
* Mary Robinson (former Barrister, Professor and later President of Ireland)

### Israel

* Miriam Ben-Porat
* Itzhak Nener
* Gabriela Shalev

### Italy

* Thomas Aquinas
* Alberico Gentili
* Niccolò Machiavelli
* Giambattista Vico
* Cesare Beccaria
* Francesco Mario Pagano
* Benedetto Marcello
* Francesco Carrara
* Gaetano Filangieri
* Piero Calamandrei
* Francesco Carnelutti
* Pietro della Vigna
* Vincenzo Caianiello
* Francesco Parisi
* Luigi Ferrari Bravo
* Dionisio Anzilotti
* Bettina d'Andrea
* Riccardo Petroni
* Gino Giugni
* Giovanni Conso
* Enrico De Nicola
* Leopoldo Elia
* Marco Biagi
* Giovanni Maria Flick
* Giuliano Vassalli
* Gustavo Zagrebelsky

### Lebanon

* Choucri Cardahi [fr]
* Émile Tyan [fr]

### Macau

* Sam Hou Fai – Presidente
* Lai Kin Hong – Presidente
* Tam Hio Wa – Presidente dos Tribunais de Primeira Instancia
* Alice Leonor das Neves Costa – Presidente de tribunal colectivo
* Lau Cheok Va – Presidente

### Morocco

* Amina, bint al-Hajj ʿAbd al-Latif (fl.1802–1812), scribe and scholar

### The Netherlands

* Hugo Grotius
* Gerhard Diephuis
* Tobias Asser, played major role in the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, joint recipient of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Peace
* Johannes Bob van Benthem, first president of the European Patent Office
* Rudolph Cleveringa, professor at Leyden University who publicly protested against the removal of Jewish colleagues from the university by the German occupier
* Pieter Hendrik Kooijmans, judge on the International Court of Justice
* Henry G. Schermers, professor at Leiden University, founder of Mordenate College and member of the European Commission for Human Rights
* Bert Röling, judge on the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo

### Pakistan

* Muhammad Iqbal
* Abul A'la Maududi
* Rashid Rehman
* Ali Ahmad Kurd
* Abdul Hafiz Pirzada
* Agha Rafiq Ahmed Khan
* Shahid Hamid
* S.M. Zafar
* Mian Tufail Mohammad
* Ashtar Ausaf Ali
* Akhtar Aly Kureshy
* Liaquat Ali Khan
* Ghulam Farooq Awan
* Hina Jilani
* Asma Jahangir
* Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
* Sadiq Khan
* Wasim Sajjad

### Philippines

* Ricardo C. Puno

### Portugal

* Medieval Period:
** João Das Regras
* Modern Period:
** Duarte Nunes de Leão
** Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo
** Jorge de Cabedo
** Pedro Barbosa
** Belchior Febos
* Liberalism/Constitucional Monarchy:
** José Homem Correia Teles
** Mouzinho da Silveira
** António Luís de Seabra
** António Bernardo de Costa Cabral
** João Franco
** Manuel da Silva Passos
** José António de Miranda Pereira de Meneses
** Henrique O'Neill
** Guerra Junqueiro
* Contemporary Period:
** Manuel de Arriaga
** Ana Maria Guerra Martins
** Januário Lourenço
** José Manuel Hespanha
** José Manuel Durão Barroso
** Jorge Miranda
** José Hermano Saraiva
** José Dias Ferreira
** Isabel de Magalhães Colaço
** Fernando Machado Soares
** António Menezes Cordeiro
** Miguel Sousa Tavares
** Paula Escarameia
** Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
** Maria Lúcia Amaral
** Manuel Lobo Antunes

### Scotland

* Colin Boyd, Lord Advocate
* Lord Cullen of Whitekirk, Lord President of the Court of Session of Scotland
* Lord Brian Gill, Lord Justice Clerk of Scotland
* Sir Neil MacCormick
* Lord Rodger of Earlsferry
* Lord Donald MacArthur Ross

### Serbia

* Slobodan Jovanović
* Milovan Milovanović
* Jovan Sterija Popović
* Smilja Avramov
* Mirko Vasiljević
* Miodrag Majić

### Russia (Russian Empire - USSR - Russian Federation)

* Andrey Vyshinsky
* Evgeny Pashukanis
* Major-General Iola Nikitchenko
* Pavel Yudin
* Ivan Jakovlevich Fojnickij

### Spain

* Ramón Llàtzer de Dou de Bassols
* Gloria Begué Cantón
* Fèlix Maria Falguera
* Eduardo Garcia de Enterria y Martinez-Carande
* Baltasar Garzón
* Juan Sempere y Guarinos

### South Africa

* Mandisa Maya Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa
* Raymond Zondo Former Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa
* Mogoeng Mogoeng Former Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa
* Dikgang Moseneke Former Deputy Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa
* Mbuyiseli Madlanga Acting Deputy Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa
* Zukisa Tshiqi Justice in the Constitutional Court of the Republic of South Africa
* Tembeka Ngcukaitobi Senior Counsel
* Dali Mpofu Senior Counsel

### Sri Lanka

* Christopher Weeramantry
* Mark Fernando
* Neelan Tiruchelvam
* Deepika Udagama

### Switzerland

* Eugen Huber, University of Berne, drafter of the Zivilgesetzbuch, the Swiss Civil Code.
* Walter Kälin

### United States

* Robert Araujo, S.J. International Law Professor at Loyola University Chicago School of Law
* Randy Barnett (born 1952), Law Professor at Georgetown University Law Center
* Paul Butler (professor) (born 1961) is an American lawyer, former prosecutor, and current Law Professor Georgetown University Law Center
* William Brennan (1906–1997), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Louis Brandeis (1856–1941), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Warren E. Burger (1907–1995), Chief Justice of the United States
* Mike Cicconetti (born 1951), judge, Lake County, Ohio
* Benjamin N. Cardozo (1870–1938), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Felix Frankfurter (1882–1965), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Henry Friendly (1903–1986), judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
* John Bannister Gibson (1780-1853), Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
* Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1933–2020), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Learned Hand (1872–1961), judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
* Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1841–1935), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* John Marshall Harlan (1833–1911), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* John Jay (1745–1829), Chief Justice of the United States
* Anthony Kennedy (born 1936), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Alex Kozinski (born 1950), judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
* Hans A. Linde (1924–2020), justice, Oregon Supreme Court
* John Marshall (1755–1835), Chief Justice of the United States
* Thurgood Marshall (1908–1993), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Frank Murphy (1890–1949), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States; Judge Recorder's Court.
* Martha Nussbaum (present) Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago
* Richard Posner (born 1939), judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
* Lysander Spooner (1808–1887), Abolitionist, Jurist, Lawyer, Entrepreneur
* Joseph Story (1779–1845), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
* Roger J. Traynor (1900–1983), Chief Justice, Supreme Court of California
* Earl Warren (1891–1974), Chief Justice of the United States
* John Minor Wisdom (1905–1999), judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
* William Rehnquist (1924–2005), Chief Justice of the United States
* Antonin Scalia (1936–2016), Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States

## Canon law

* Eugenio Corecco—(1931–1995), notable for his contributions to the philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law
* John D. Faris—(born 1951), prominent scholar of Eastern Catholic canon law
* Pietro Gasparri—(1852–1934), architect of the 1917 Code of Canon Law
* Edward N. Peters—(born 1957), Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura (legal consultant to the highest canonical court), prominent scholar of canon law

## International Courts at the Hague

* Bruno Simma
* Claude Jorda
* Rosalyn Higgins
* Luis Moreno Ocampo
* Carla Del Ponte