OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kaizer Chiefs Development

Kaizer Chiefs Development is a South African football (soccer) club based in Johannesburg that plays in the DStv Diski Challenge.
The team is nicknamed Amakhosi which means "lords" or "chiefs" in Zulu and Phefeni Glamour Boys. They currently play most of their home games at Soccer City in Nasrec, Johannesburg South, which is commonly also referred to as the FNB Stadium. The club is unarguably the biggest football club in the country in terms of success. It is also the most supported club in South Africa and the neighbouring countries of Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia etc. It has been estimated that the club has over 100 million supporters.
They have a local rivalry with Orlando Pirates, a fellow Soweto team which Chiefs founder Kaizer Motaung played for in his early playing career.
Kaizer Chiefs are known as Amakhosi by its fans. Their headquarters is Kaizer Chiefs Village, in Naturena, six kilometres south of Johannesburg.
The club also has developmentals in Cape Town & Durban as YouthTeams.
During the end of 2021–22 season of DStv Diski Challenge, Arthur Zwane was appointed as a senior team head coach. Kaizer Motaung Junior appointed Vela Khumalo has a new head coach for Kaizer Chiefs Reserve team

## Notable players

* Michael Buxleigh Teteh
* Wandile Duba
* Antonio Manuel Santos Henriques
* Samuel Tavares-Johnson
* Francis Kwigllingkok
* Kwethluke Kwigllingkok
* Lungelo Nkosi
* James McFarlane
* Siyabonga Ngezana
* Njabulo Blom
* Neo Bohloko

## Achievements

* Gauteng Reserve League 2013
* Gauteng Reserve League 2017
* Gauteng Reserve League 2021
* Gauteng Reserve League 2022
* ENGEN Knockout Challenge: 2022, 2024
* Nedbank Ke Yona Cup 2010
* Nedbank Ke Yona Cup 2016
* Nedbank Ke Yona Cup 2021
* SAFA Regionals Gauteng 2011
* SAFA Regionals Gauteng 2012
* SAFA Regionals Gauteng 2019
* SAFA Regional Western Cape 2014
* SAFA Regionals Western Cape 2020
* SAFA Regionals KwaZulu Natal 2020
* SAFA Regionals KwaZulu Natal 2021
* SAFA Regionals KwaZulu Natal 2022
* Telkom Charity Cup 2013
* Telkom Charity Cup 2015
* Telkom Charity Cup 2019
* DSTV Youth League 2020
* DSTV Youth Super Cup 2022
* Multichoice Diski Challenge 2017
* DSTV DIski Shield:2018, 2022
* Vision View U/17 Easter Cup of Champions: 2023, 2024
# Alternativity

In abstract algebra, alternativity is a property of a binary operation. A magma G is said to be left alternative if $(xx)y=x(xy)$ for all $x,y\in G$ and right alternative if $y(xx)=(yx)x$ for all $x,y\in G$. A magma that is both left and right alternative is said to be alternative (flexible).
Any associative magma (that is, a semigroup) is alternative. More generally, a magma in which every pair of elements generates an associative submagma must be alternative. The converse, however, is not true, in contrast to the situation in alternative algebras.

## Examples

Examples of alternative algebras include:
* Any Semigroup is associative and therefor alternative.
* Moufang loops are alternative and flexible but not associative. See Moufang loop § Examples for more examples.
* Octonion multiplication is alternative and flexible.
** More generally Cayley-Dickson algebra over a commutative ring is alternative.
# Vecpiebalga

Vecpiebalga (German: Alt-Pebalg) is a village in Vecpiebalga Parish, Cēsis Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Vecpiebalga had 501 residents as of 2017.
Vecpiebalga is an important village in Latvian cultural identity.
The first Latvian novel, "The Time of the Land Surveyors" (orig. Mērnieku laiki) was written by two school teachers, Reinis Kaudzīte and Matīss Kaudzīte, in Vecpiebalga. Written during the Latvian National Awakening in 1879, the novel details the transition from a communal way of life to a more modern, individualistic way of life. The village was also an important center of weaving Latvian textiles. The ruins of Vecpiebalga Castle lie in the village.
# Marc Pacheco

Marc R. Pacheco (born October 29, 1952) is an American state legislator who served as a member of the Massachusetts Senate from the 1st Plymouth and Bristol district from 1993 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously represented the 3rd Bristol district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1989 to 1993.

## Early life and education

Pacheco was born on October 29, 1952 in Taunton, Massachusetts to Emily L. Pacheco (née Henriques) and Richard Pacheco.
A graduate of Taunton High School, Pacheco received an associate degree from the Stockbridge School of Agriculture at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, a bachelor's degree from New Hampshire College (now Southern New Hampshire University), and a master's degree from Suffolk University.

## Political career

Pacheco entered politics in 1980 when he was elected to the Taunton School Committee. He served until 1989, including two years as chair from 1987 to 1988. From 1982 to 1988, he also served as chief assistant to Mayor Richard Johnson.
In 1988, with incumbent Theodore J. Aleixo Jr. running for Senate, Pacheco was elected to the 3rd Bristol district of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He defeated fellow Taunton residents Carol Doherty and Gail Tardo in the Democratic primary and faced no opposition in the general election. Doherty would later be elected to the seat in a special election in 2020.
In 1992, Pacheco ran for Senate and defeated incumbent Republican Erving H. Wall Jr.
In 2001, Pacheco ran in the 9th congressional district special election caused by the death of Congressman Joe Moakley. He finished fourth in the Democratic primary with 13% of the vote, placing behind colleagues Brian A. Joyce, Cheryl Jacques, and the eventual winner Stephen Lynch.
In 2016, Pacheco served as a presidential elector, casting his vote for Hillary Clinton.
On February 13, 2024, Pacheco announced he would not seek another term.

### Committee Assignments

Source:

#### 193rd General Court (2023-24)

* Chairperson, Senate Committee on Post Audit and Oversight
* Chairperson, Joint Committee on Emergency Preparedness and Management
* Vice Chair, Joint Committee on Telecommunications, Utilities and Energy
* Senate Committee on Global Warming and Climate Change
* Joint Committee on State Administration and Regulatory Oversight

## Personal life

Pacheco lives in Taunton with his wife Barbara, a few blocks from where he grew up.
# Solenoid (meteorology)

In the context of meteorology, a solenoid is a tube-shaped region in the atmosphere where isobaric (constant pressure) and isopycnal (constant density) surfaces intersect, causing vertical circulation. They are so-named because they are driven by the solenoid term of the vorticity equation. Examples of solenoids include the sea breeze circulation and the mountain–plains solenoid.
# John Musker Fillies' Stakes

The John Musker Fillies' Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Yarmouth, over a distance of 1 mile, 2 furlongs and 23 yards (2,033 metres) and it is scheduled to take place each year in September. It was first run in 1993. The race is named after John Musker (died 1926), a racehorse breeder from Norfolk.

## Records

Leading jockey (2 wins):
* Frankie Dettori - Echoes In Eternity (2003), So Mi Dar (2016)
* Darryll Holland – Entice (1997), Miss Corniche (2002)
* Ryan Moore - Nouriya (2010), Ville De Grace (2021)
* Philip Robinson - Gino's Spirits (1999), Dance Partner (2006)
* Seb Sanders - Courting (2000), Samira Gold (2007)
* William Buick - Talmada (2015), Sapphire Seas (2023)
Leading trainer (6 wins):
* John Gosden – Saafeya (1998), Dance Partner (2006), So Mi Dar (2016), Fanny Logan (2019), Majestic Noor (2020), Shaara (2022
# 1887 Penn State football team

The 1887 Penn State football team was an American football team that represented Pennsylvania State College—now known as Pennsylvania State University–as an independent during the 1887 college football season. The team went 2–0 and are the school's only unscored-upon team. The captain and quarterback of the team was George H. "Lucy" Linsz. He later changed his last name from Linsz to Lins, probably during World War I. In 1887, Penn State's school colors were dark pink and black.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| November 12 | 9:30 a.m. | at Bucknell | Bucknell campusLewisburg, PA | W 54–0 | |
| November 19 | | Bucknell | Old MainState College, PA | W 24–0 | |
# Andrew Pataki

Andrew Pataki (August 30, 1927 – December 8, 2011) was an Eastern Catholic hierarch, the second bishop of Ruthenian Catholic Eparchy of Parma, and the third bishop of the Ruthenian Catholic Eparchy of Passaic.

## Early life and education

Pataki was born in Palmerton, Pennsylvania, on August 30, 1927. He attended elementary school in Palmerton Public Schools and Allentown Central Catholic High School in Allentown. Afterwards, he continued his education at Saint Vincent College in Latrobe. He began studying for the priesthood in 1944, earning a bachelor's degree in philosophy from St. Procopius College-Seminary in Lisle, Illinois, in 1948. He completed his studies at the Byzantine Catholic Seminary of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Pittsburgh and on February 24, 1952, he was ordained a priest by Bishop Daniel Ivancho for the eparchy of Passaic in the seminary chapel.

## Career

The newly ordained Father Pataki earned his license in Sacred Theology at the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome, after which he was appointed the rector of SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary. From 1973 until 1978, Pataki served on the Pontifical Commission for the Revision of the Eastern Code of Canon Law; he was also elevated to the rank of a Prelate of Honor by Pope Paul VI.
He was appointed auxiliary bishop of Passaic on June 14, 1983, with the titular see of Telmissus. He was consecrated a bishop on August 23 of the same year. On June 19, 1984, he was appointed the bishop of Parma for the Byzantines, and was installed on August 16, 1985. On November 6, 1995, he would be moved back to the Eparchy of Passaic, this time as its bishop—a post for which he was installed on February 8, 1996.
On December 6, 2007, when he was 80 years of age, Bishop Pataki's request for retirement was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI on account of his having passed the customary retirement age of 75 for Catholic bishops.
# Atari, Ādaži Municipality

Atari is a village in Ādaži Municipality in the historical region of Vidzeme, and the Riga Planning Region in Latvia.
# Wordnik

Wordnik, a nonprofit organization, is an online English dictionary and language resource that provides dictionary and thesaurus content. Some of the content is based on print dictionaries such as the Century Dictionary, the American Heritage Dictionary, WordNet, and GCIDE. Wordnik has collected a corpus of billions of words which it uses to display example sentences, allowing it to provide information on a much larger set of words than a typical dictionary. Wordnik uses as many real examples as possible when defining a word.
Wiktionary, the free open dictionary project, is one major source of words and citations used by Wordnik.

## History

Wordnik.com was launched as a closed beta in February 2008 and opened to all in June 2009. Cofounders of the site are CEO Erin McKean, editorial director Grant Barrett, and chief computational lexicographer Orion Montoya, and head of engineering Anthony Tam. McKean, Barrett, and Montoya all formerly worked in the US Dictionaries Department of Oxford University Press. The startup company was originally headquartered in San Mateo, California.
In September 2009, Wordnik purchased the social language site Wordie.org. All Wordie.org accounts and data were subsequently transferred to Wordnik.
Wordnik's material is sourced from the Internet by automatic programs. It then shows readers the information regarding a certain word without any editorial influence. Wordnik does not allow for user-contributed definitions, but seems to assert that it may allow for this in the future.
In January 2011, McKean relaunched the company as Reverb Technologies, Inc. in Palo Alto, with Wordnik co-founder Anthony Tam.
Under the name Reverb, they kept operating Wordnik.com, but also expanded its technology to other services and products, including "Reverb for Publishers" which was a plug-in for blogs to find related articles.
The company began a Kickstarter campaign in 2015 with the purpose of finding and adding a million words to Wordnik that had not yet been included in major English dictionaries.

## Statistics

As of 14 January 2012, Wordnik Zeitgeist reports that,
   Wordnik is billions of words, 971,860,842 example sentences, 6,925,967 unique words, 231,628 comments, 178,718 tags, 121,432 pronunciations, 77,736 favorites and 1,022,649 words in 32,703 lists created by 81,138 Wordniks.
# Money Is Still a Major Issue

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Okayplayer | |
| RapReviews | (6.5/10) |
Money Is Still a Major Issue (backronym of M.I.S.A.M.I) is a remix album by rapper Pitbull. It was released on November 15, 2005, and features several of his guest appearances, remixes and some unreleased tracks.

## Track listing

Bonus DVD
* "Culo" (Video)
* "Dammit Man" (Video)
* "Toma" (Video)
* Live performances and interviews
Notes
* signifies a remixer
* signifies an additional producer
Sample credits
* "Everybody Get Up" contains an interpolation of "Body Mechanic", written by John Robie and Emilio Innocenti.
* "Shake" contains a sample of "Din Daa Daa", written and performed by George Kranz.
* "Culo" contains the rhythm "Coolie Dance Rhythm" written by Cordell "Scatta" Burell and Clifford Smith, and performed by Burell.
# Central Literature Publishing House

Central Party Literature Publishing House, or Central Literature Publishing House (Chinese: 中央文献出版社), a publishing house of the Chinese Communist Party, is located at No. 1, Former Maojiawan, Xisi North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing.

## History

On April 15, 1987, the Central Literature Publishing House was formally established under the Documentation Research Office of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It publishes specialized collections of the major leaders of the CCP and the People's Republic of China; manuscripts of the leaders distributed within a certain range; monographs on the study of Maoism at home and abroad; and chronicles and biographies of revolutionaries and other personalities.
# Yew Tree

Yew Tree may refer to:
* Yew, any of various coniferous plants
* Yew Tree, West Bromwich, West Midlands, England
* Yew Tree Tarn, a lake in the Lake District, England
* Yew Tree (ward), an electoral division in Liverpool
* Yew Tree Colliery, a coalfield in Tyldesley, Greater Manchester
* Operation Yewtree, a British police investigation into sexual abuse by Jimmy Savile and others
# NGC 2169

NGC 2169 is an open cluster in the Orion constellation. It was possibly discovered by Giovanni Batista Hodierna before 1654 and discovered by William Herschel on October 15, 1784. NGC 2169 is at a distance of about 3,600 light years away from Earth. It is nicknamed "The '37' Cluster" due to its striking resemblance to the numerals "37". The cluster is composed of components Collinder 38, a I3pn open cluster, and Collinder 83, a III3m open cluster.
# Boxing at the 1990 Central American and Caribbean Games

The Boxing Tournament at the 1990 Central American and Caribbean Games was held in Mexico City, Mexico from November 24 to December 3, 1990.

## Medal winners

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Light Flyweight (– 48 kilograms) | Rogelio Marcelo (CUB) | Carlos Cepeda (PUR) | Narciso González (MEX) Gregorio Tizol (GUA) |
| Flyweight (– 51 kilograms) | David Serradas (VEN) | Rafael Sainz (CUB) | Héctor Avila (DOM) Francisco Quiroz (PAN) |
| Bantamweight (– 54 kilograms) | Arnulfo Castillo (MEX) | Luis Ojeda (VEN) | Wilson Acuña (COL) Joel Casamayor (CUB) |
| Featherweight (– 57 kilograms) | Eddy Suarez (CUB) | Leonardo Guevara (MEX) | José Espanol (VEN) Mark Richardson (GUY) |
| Lightweight (– 60 kilograms) | Julio González (CUB) | Delroy Leslie (JAM) | Alexander Hernandez (DOM) Aureliano Gutierrez (VEN) |
| Light Welterweight (– 63.5 kilograms) | Candelario Duvergel (CUB) | Andrew Lewis (GUY) | Regino Casseres (COL) Héctor Ramírez (DOM) |
| Welterweight (– 67 kilograms) | Juan Hernandez Sierra (CUB) | Christian Joseph (ISV) | Alberto Torres (PUR) José Guzman (VEN) |
| Light Middleweight (– 71 kilograms) | Alfredo Duvergel (CUB) | Juan Martínez (VEN) | Gilberto Brown (ISV) Juan Ramón Padilla (DOM) |
| Middleweight (– 75 kilograms) | Orestes Solano (CUB) | Benicio Solís (PUR) | Alex James (GRN) Horacio Rivera (MEX) |
| Light Heavyweight (– 81 kilograms) | Jorge Gonzalez (CUB) | Richard Torres (PUR) | Raimundo Yant (VEN) Emmanuel Cooper (NCA) |
| Heavyweight (– 91 kilograms) | Félix Savón (CUB) | José Marrero (PUR) | Víctor Alarcon (COL) Manuel Verde (MEX) |
| Super Heavyweight (+ 91 kilograms) | Armando Campuzano (CUB) | Harold Arroyo (PUR) | Andres Riojano (MEX) Horace Laing (JAM) |
# Del Norte Triplicate

The Del Norte Triplicate is an American paid newspaper which serves the city of Crescent City and surrounding Del Norte County. It is published weekly on Fridays.

## History

The Del Norte Daily Triplicate traces its roots back to 1879, starting as the Del Norte Record. The Record was established by J. E. Eldredge, edited by George Leon, and was the official paper of Del Norte County.
The name Del Norte Daily Triplicate comes from the names of three papers that united in 1912—the Coast Times, Del Norte Record, and Crescent City News. The term comes not from the term used for carbon copies, but from the original Latin triplicare, meaning "a third thing corresponding to others of the same kind."
In 1913, W.H. McMaster left the Palladium and became editor and manager of the Del Norte Triplicate.
John A. Juza purchased the Triplicate in December 1922, updating the press to a linotype machine. Prior to joining the Triplicate, Juza had been publisher of The Reporter in Oregon. John Juza and his wife Ella Mae ran the paper for 30 years until their retirement.
In 1956, the paper broke with longstanding tradition of withholding names of arrested minors from print, making its policy to print them even for minor infractions.
In 1964, the Triplicate was completely destroyed in the wake of a tidal wave caused by a major Alaskan earthquake. Bill Soberanes of the Petaluma Argus-Courier reported that "The building in which this newspaper had been published (up until the tidal wave) was hit by the full blast of the tidal wave. Every copy of the newspaper printed the day before was washed away. The two linotypes were flooded over and rendered useless by the onrushing ocean waves." The tidal wave, which did significant damage to Crescent City with a 21-foot wave traveling 500 miles per hour, killed 11 people in the city. The Triplicate's editor, James J. Yarbrough recalled, "There was eight feet of water in my office. I watched from up the street and saw the sparks fly when the water hit the Linotype machine. I saw a 900-pound roll of newsprint bobbing around like a spool." After the destruction, the Triplicate moved its printing headquarters to Humboldt County.
The move to Humboldt County called into question the paper's designation as a paper of record for Del Norte County. In 1965, Attorney General Thomas C. Lynch ruled that the paper could still be considered a general circulation paper for Del Norte County, despite its removed printing location.
In 1988, the newspaper was sold to Western Communications. The company owned the paper until 2019 when the Triplicate was acquired by Country Media, Inc.

## Awards

In 2017, the Del Norte Triplicate won 2nd place in the Breaking News category in its division of the California's Better Newspapers Contest.
# Commonwealth Trade Union Group

The Commonwealth Trade Union Group (abbreviated CTUG) was a London-based international alliance of trade union in the Commonwealth countries. It was previously known as the Commonwealth Trade Union Council (abbreviated CTUC). As of 2007, the combined membership of CTUG affiliates reached 30 million.
The decision to set up the CTUC was taken at the Commonwealth Trade Union Conference, held in June 1979. In November 1979 a number of trade unions of the Commonwealth agreed to a set of proposals issued by a special working party launched at the June 1979 conference. The official founding of CTUC took place in March 1980, with Canadian Labour Congress president Dennis McDermott as the CTUC chairman and Carl Wright as the director of the organization. The stated goal of the CTUC was to guarantee that 'trade union views are taken into account by Commonwealth government and institutions'. As of 1982 the CTUC Steering Committee included McDermott (Chairman), Gopeshwar(India), W. Richardson (Australia), F. F. Walcott (Barbados), Wright, N. K. Bhatt (India), J. Harker (Canada), L. Osunde (Nigeria), E. Mashasi (Tanzania), K. Mehta (India) and R. L. Thaker (India). Shirley Carr also served as chair of CTUC.
CTUC took part in founding the Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative in 1987. In 1988 Patrick Quinn became director of CTUC, in 1994 Arthur Johnstone was named new director of CTUC. He was succeeded by Annie Watson.
CTUC was reconstructed as CTUG on 31 December 2004. The group works in cooperation with the International Trade Union Confederation. CTUG is accredited at the Commonwealth Foundation (through ITUC).
The Commonwealth Trade Union Group leadership was reconstituted at their annual conference in Geneva in June 2023. They agreed that Owen Tudor (formerly Head of TUC International Department and then ITUC Deputy General Secretary) should act as CTUG Secretary
# Aïn Defla Province

Aïn Defla (Arabic: ولاية عين الدفلى, is a wilaya (province) in northern Algeria. It is located to the southwest of Algiers, the capital. Localities in Ain Delfa include Aïn Defla, Miliana, El Attaf, Djelida and Djendel.

## History

The province was created from Chlef Province in 1984.

## Administrative divisions

It is made up of 14 districts and 36 municipalities.
The districts are:
* Aïn Defla
* Aïn Lechiakh
* Bathia
* Bordj El Amir Khaled
* Boumedfaâ
* Djendel
* Djelida
* El Abadia
* El Amra
* El Attaf
* Hammam Righa
* Khemis
* Miliana
* Rouina
The municipalities are:
* Aïn Bénian
* Aïn Bouyahia
* Aïn Defla
* Aïn Lechiakh
* Aïn Soltane
* Aïn Torki
* Arib
* Barbouche
* Bathia
* Bellas
* Ben Allal
* Bir Ould Khelifa
* Bordj Emir Khaled Chikh
* Bouchared
* Boumedfaâ
* Djelida
* Djemaa Ouled
* Djendel
* El Abadia
* El Amra
* El Attaf
* El Hassania
* El Maine
* Hammam Righa
* Hoceinia
* Khemis Miliana
* Mekhatria
* Miliana
* Oued Chorfa
* Oued Djemaa
* Rouina
* Sidi Lakhdar
* Tacheta Zougagha
* Tarik Ibn Ziad
* Tiberkanine
* Zeddine

## Notable people

* Mohamed Charef (1908-2011), theologian and mufti.
* Mohamed Belhocine (born 1951), Algerian medical scientist, professor of internal medicine and epidemiology.
# Richard Lindsay (West Virginia politician)

Richard David Lindsay II (born January 29, 1977) was a Democratic member of the West Virginia Senate, who represented the 8th district from January 9, 2019, until his term ended on January 12, 2023.

## Election results

West Virginia Senate District 8 (Position A) election, 2018 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Richard Lindsay | 16,537 | 50.25% |
| | Republican | Ed Gaunch (incumbent) | 16,372 | 49.75% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 32,909 | 100.0% |