OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# California Motor Company

The California Motor Company was founded in San Francisco to produce the motorcycle created by Roy C. Marks formerly of Toledo, Ohio. The 1896 Marks Motorcycle was the first motorcycle made in the United States.

## History

Roy C. Marks, formerly of Toledo, Ohio, created the first moto bicycle in the United States in 1896 in San Francisco. In 1901 the California Motor Company was created for the purpose of manufacturing the Marks design of motorcycle. Founder were Lewis Bill - President, J. W. Leavitt - Vice President, and J.F. Bill - Secretary and Treasurer.
Two patents were issued to Marks. On 30 September 1902, patent 710,329 Explosive Engine for Motor-Vehicles (which had been filed on September 7, 1901) was granted, and patent 710,330 Carbureter for Explosive-Engines (January 2, 1902).

### First US-made motorcycle

The 1896 Marks which had an engine copied from the De Dion-Bouton design, was the first motorcycle manufactured in the USA.

### First transcontinental road trip

In May 1903 George Wyman left San Francisco on a California Moto Bicycle bound for New York City. After 50 days, hands in bandages after having pedaled the last 150 miles Wyman arrived in New York City.

### Sale to Consolidated Mfg.

The fame associated with this event resulted in the California Motor Company being purchased by Consolidated Manufacturing. Its machinery was disassembled and moved to Toledo, Ohio. It was there that Consolidated manufactured the Yale Motorcycle.

### Japan influence

The California was one of the first motorcycles to be imported into Japan Along with the Hildebrand & Wolfmüller, Thomas Auto-Bi and Mitchell it was influential in establishing the Japanese Motor Industry.
# Hani (name)

Hany (also Hani; Arabic: هانئ hānī' "carefree" and "happy" or in Hawaiian "To move lightly; to touch" ) is a masculine Arabic given name, a unisex Hawaiian given name, a Hungarian (a diminutive of Ann),Malay, Indonesian and Korean unisex given name. It is also a surname.

## Given name

* Hani al-Sibai (born 1961), Egyptian Sunni scholar
* Hani Hanjour (1972–2001), 9/11 terrorist and hijacker/pilot of American Airlines Flight 77
* Hany Mukhtar (born 1995), German footballer
* Hani Naser (1950–2020), Jordanian-American musician
* Hani Mohsin (1965-2006), Malaysian actor, host and producer
* Hany Shaker (born 1952), Egyptian singer
* Hany Soh (born 1987), Singaporean politician and lawyer
* Hani Bahjat Tabbara (born 1939), Jordanian diplomat
* Hani ibn Urwa (died 680), Kufan leader

## Surname

* Chris Hani (1942–1993), assassinated South African politician
* Don Hany (born 1975), Australian actor
* Jean Hani (1917–2012), French philosopher
* Nadine Hani (born 1973), Lebanese television presenter
# Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti

Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti (1853–1931) was an Italian feminist, educator and philanthropist. Keen to improve conditions for women, in 1897 she founded an embroidery school in Quarrata, Tuscany. From 1903, as president of the National Council of Italian Women, she supported voting rights for women and was behind the highly successful National Congress of Italian Women in 1908.

## Biography

Born in Ravenna on 10 April 1853 into an artistocratic family, Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti was the eldest daughter of Count Cesare Rasponi Bonanzi (1822–1886), a politician and vice-consul, and Letizia Rasponi Murat (1832–1906). Apart from a short period in a convent, she was educated at home by private tutors. In 1870, she married the politician Count Venceslao Spalleti Trivelli with whom she had five children, three of whom survived: Carolina (1873–1940, Giambattista (1890–1967) and Cesare (1892–1967).
After moving to Rome with her husband and family in 1894, Rasponi Spalletti became a board member of the Italian Red Cross and joined the Associazione per la donna (Association for Women), where she was responsible for medical supplies, fund raising and membership. Together with her husband, she supported charities and, in 1897, opened an embroidery school in Quarrata. Not only did it revive interest in local arts and crafts, it also developed into a thriving cooperative with hundred of embroiderers.
In Rome, she became an active salonière, inviting writers, philosophers, journalists and politicians to their home opposite the Quirinal Palace. Male guests included Marco Minghetti and Ruggero Bonghi, but there were also many influential women, including Dora Melegari, Antonietta Giacomelli and Giuseppina Lemaire, providing support for her interest in the social sphere and for working women.
Following the death of her husband in 1899, she devoted renewed efforts to the women's movement, addressing the practical, intellectual and educational activities of women. After reinvigorating the Federazione romana delle opere femminili (Roman Federation for Women's Works), in 1903 she founded the National Council of Italian Women.
While the 1908 National Congress of Italian Women in Rome attracted over a thousand participants, a proposal to abolish religion in schools by the socialist Linda Malnati, supported by Rasponi Spalletti, caused the Catholics to leave and establish the Unione fra le donne cattoliche d’Italia (Union of the Catholic Women of Italy).
Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti died in Rome on 29 September 1931.
# Philipp Murmann

Philipp Murmann (born 15 May 1964, in Kiel) is a German businessman and politician. He is a member of the CDU party. Murmann is also federal treasurer of the CDU and thus a federal board member of the party. Between 2009 and 2017, he was an MP of the German Bundestag.

## Education and career

After high school, Murmann served as a Bundeswehr soldier from 1983 to 1985. Afterwards he studied Mechanical Engineering (Maschinenbau) at the Technical University of Munich. In 1994, he graduated in Business Administration, Innovation Management discipline, from University of Kiel. From 1994, Murmann worked for ABB, in 1999 he left for an employment at TESSAG/RWE. In 2001 he took over the family business Zöllner Holding GmbH in Kiel.
Murmann was first elected to the German Bundestag in the 2009 federal elections. In the negotiations to form a Grand Coalition of Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the Social Democrats following the 2013 federal elections, he was part of the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on education and research policy, led by Johanna Wanka and Doris Ahnen.
In July 2016, Murmann announced that he would not stand in the 2017 federal elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.

## Other activities

* PEKU Folien GmbH, Chairman of the Advisory Board
* German Federation of Industrial Research Associations (AiF), Member of the Senate
* Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education at the University of Kiel, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Member of the Board of Trustees

## Personal life

Murmann is married and has four children.
# Carole Stanisière

Carole Stanisière (born 3 June 1970 in Chamonix, Haute-Savoie) is a French cross-country skier who competed from 1992 to 1998. Competing in two Winter Olympics, she had her best career finish of fifth in the 4 × 5 km relay at Albertville in 1992 and her best individual finish of 24th in the 30 km event at Lillehammer in 1994.
At the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, Stasinière had her best finish of 29th in the 5 km event at Falun in 1993. Her best World Cup finish was 29th in a 10 km event in Switzerland in 1993.
Stanisière's best individual career finish was third twice in 5 km Continental Cup events in 1995.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 5 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1992 | 21 | — | 32 | — | — | 5 |
| 1994 | 23 | 41 | — | 47 | 24 | 11 |

### World Championships

| Year | Age | 5 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1993 | 22 | 29 | 36 | 51 | — | 9 |
| 1995 | 24 | 59 | 42 | — | — | — |

### World Cup
#### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall |
| 1992 | 21 | NC |
| 1993 | 22 | 57 |
| 1994 | 23 | 56 |
| 1995 | 24 | NC |
# Trains (magazine)

Trains is a monthly magazine about trains and railroads aimed at railroad enthusiasts and railroad industry employees. The magazine primarily covers railroad happenings in the United States and Canada, but has some articles on railroading elsewhere.
It was founded as Trains in 1940 by publisher Al C. Kalmbach and editorial director Linn Westcott. From October 1951 to March 1954, the magazine was named Trains and Travel. Jim Wrinn, a former reporter and editor at the Charlotte Observer, served as editor from 2004 until his death in 2022. Carl A. Swanson succeeded him.
Trains was long among the 11 magazines published by Kalmbach Media, based in Waukesha, Wisconsin. In May 2024, Kalmbach Media sold Trains, along with other railroad and astronomy-related publications to Firecrown Media.

## Editors

* Al C. Kalmbach, 1940–1948
* Willard V. Anderson, 1948–1953
* David P. Morgan, 1953–1987
* J. David Ingles, 1987–1992
* Kevin P. Keefe, 1992–2000, 2004, 2022 (interim)
* Mark W. Hemphill, 2000–2004
* Jim Wrinn, 2004–2022
* Carl A. Swanson, 2022–present
# Loumidis

Loumidis (Greek: Λουμίδης) is a Greek coffee brand and one of the first coffeehouse companies in Greece.

## History

The company has origins in 1920s, in Piraeus, as a coffee retail company by three brothers, Antonis, Nikos and Jason Loumidis. In 1928 the company officially was founded and in 1932 opened a coffee house at the center of Athens and one in Thessaloniki. In 1938 opened also the infamous coffee house on Stadiou Street which soon became a meeting place of intellectuals and artists. The company's motto is translated into English as, “Each one has an expertise and…for Loumidis that is Coffees."
In 1987 Loumidis SA, a company which had the rights of selling the Loumidis Greek coffee brand (with the notable parrot as trademark) was acquired by Nestlé.
# Khas-Magomed Kadyrov

Khas-Magomed Shakhmometovich Kadyrov (Russian: Хас-Магомед Шахмомедович Кадыров; born 12 January 1991), is a Russian politician of Chechen origin, who is the mayor of Grozny since 31 March 2021.
He had been the mayor of Argun from 2019 to 2021.
He is a relative of Ramzan Kadyrov, the Chechen Republic head.

## Biography

Khas-Magomed Kadyrov was born on 12 January 1991 in Grozny. He is the namesake of the head of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov, and according to a number of media reports, he is in a relatively close relationship with him. According to the site "Kavkaz. Realii”, Khas-Magomed is Ramzan's fourth cousin, but according to BBC, he is his second cousin. The head of the republic himself, Ramzan, on social networks calls him a younger brother. Khas-Magomed's father, Shakhmomed, is the owner and general director of the largest shopping center in Berkat, in Chechnya.
Kadyrov quickly made a career in the civil service. In 2012, when he was only 21 years old, he became an assistant to the mayor of Grozny, in 2015 he was appointed assistant to the head of the administration of the head and government of Chechnya, and in 2017 he was appointed head of the department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the city of Grozny. At that time, Kadyrov was just a junior lieutenant of the Russian police. The head of Chechnya presented him as "an energetic and hardworking leader", who "in his previous positions ... has proven himself only from an excellent side." (in particular, according to him, the new head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs led the operation to rescue two Russian children in Syria), as " hard-working, energetic dear brother".
In 2019, Kadyrov became the mayor of the city of Argun. On 2 March 2021, on the recommendation of the head of Chechnya, he was appointed interim mayor of the Grozny (Formally, he was nominated by Magomed Daudov) Already on 31 March, Kadyrov was officially appointed mayor. He took part in the 2021 United Russia primaries, but took only sixth place.

## Personal life

In 2014, Kadyrov graduated from the Faculty of Law of the Chechen University, in 2017 he entered the correspondence department of the Faculty of Economics of the same university.
Kadyrov is married, and has two children.
# Evenamide

Evenamide (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (developmental code names NW-3509, NW-3509A) is a selective voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, including (and not limited to) subtypes Na$_v$1.3, Na$_v$1.7, and Na$_v$1.8, which is described as an antipsychotic and is under development by Newron Pharmaceuticals as an add-on therapy for the treatment of schizophrenia. The drug has shown efficacy in animal models of psychosis, mania, depression, and aggression. It has completed phase I clinical trials, and phase II clinical trials will be commenced in the third quarter of 2015.
The drug was discovered by Newron Pharmaceuticals SpA, a pharmaceutical company located in Italy and according to the company, it shows benefit to the management of schizophrenia to poorly responded treatment with antipsychotics. It acts exclusively through glutamatergic inhibition.

## Clinical studies

In a randomized study with treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients, evenamide was added to the treatment regimen, with the psychological assessors being blinded to whether evenamide was taken. 70% of the participants reported a significant lowering of their impairments; and in 25%, schizophrenia went in full remission. A full double-blind phase III study with treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients is in preparation as of January 2023.
The 4 week placebo trial of 2021 to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary evidence of efficacy of evenamide for people with chronic schizophrenia was selected to address patients who are receiving treatment at constant doses of one of the following atypical antipsychotics: aripiprazole, clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, paliperidone or risperidone.
# Tanjil Bren

Tanjil Bren is a town in Victoria, Australia, on Mount Baw Baw Tourist Road, 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Mount Baw Baw in the Shire of Baw Baw. It was established during the Victorian Gold Rush. Four accommodation lodges, Mooshead, Reindeer, Jenny's and Timbertop Lodge, are located in Tanjil Bren. At the 2006 census, Tanjil Bren and the surrounding area had a population of 110.
Tanjil Bren Post Office opened on 1 November 1939 and closed in 1971.

## Climate

Tanjil Bren has a cold rainforest climate, with especially high rainfall between May and November. Heavy snowfalls are a frequent occurrence and can occur even in late spring to early summer.
Climate data for Tanjil Bren (1942–1971); 838 m AMSL; 37.80° S, 146.20° E :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.3 (72.1) | 20.1 (68.2) | 15.5 (59.9) | 11.7 (53.1) | 9.1 (48.4) | 8.5 (47.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 12.5 (54.5) | 15.2 (59.4) | 17.4 (63.3) | 20.6 (69.1) | 15.4 (59.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 10.1 (50.2) | 8.7 (47.7) | 6.2 (43.2) | 4.2 (39.6) | 2.5 (36.5) | 1.7 (35.1) | 2.0 (35.6) | 3.2 (37.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | 6.0 (42.8) | 8.1 (46.6) | 5.6 (42.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 89.4 (3.52) | 89.2 (3.51) | 102.7 (4.04) | 136.9 (5.39) | 186.5 (7.34) | 144.1 (5.67) | 157.9 (6.22) | 169.6 (6.68) | 168.2 (6.62) | 172.8 (6.80) | 171.6 (6.76) | 140.6 (5.54) | 1,736.5 (68.37) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.1 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 14.2 | 18.4 | 17.7 | 19.0 | 20.0 | 17.7 | 18.0 | 15.7 | 14.4 | 192.1 |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology; Tanjil Bren ||||||||||||||
# Plunkett UK

Plunkett UK (formerly Plunkett Foundation) is a charity in the United Kingdom that aims to help rural communities create and run democratic community-owned businesses, such as shops, cafes, and farms. The charity strives for resilient and inclusive rural communities, and has promoted the community ownership model for over 100 years.

## Background

Plunkett Foundation was founded in 1919 by a pioneer of rural co-operation in Ireland, Sir Horace Plunkett. Since being founded, it has been involved in a range of work relating to international development, rural development and agricultural development. The foundation is based in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England. In 2024, Plunkett Foundation changed its name to Plunkett UK to reflect its UK-oriented operations, although it is still registered as its former name.
The foundation works with the International Co-operative Alliance, Cooperatives UK, Cooperatives Europe and the International Co-operative Agricultural Organisation.

## Work

In 2007, the charity led the work of the Making Local Food Work programme which supported community food enterprises in England. Other projects include More Than a Pub and Rural Community Shops.
To celebrate being designated as the United Nations International Year of Co-operatives in 2012, Plunkett Foundation held the World of Rural Co-operation International Roundtable event at Dunsany Castle. This event led to the development of the Dunsany Declaration for Rural Co-operative Development, which fed into the Blueprint for a Co-operative Decade.
In 2021, the foundation supported 400 communities. In 2022, it reported an income of £1,052,262.
# Wim Vriend

Willem "Wim" Jan Frederik Vriend (9 November 1941 – 30 September 2021) was a water polo player from the Netherlands, who finished in eighth position with the Dutch Men's Team at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. His elder brother Harry was also a member of that team.
Vriend died on 30 September 2021, at the age of 79.
# Adalbert of Metz

Adalbert of Metz may refer to:
* Adalbert of Metz (died 841), count of Metz
* Adalbert of Metz (writer) (10th century)
* Adalbert I, Count of Metz [ca; hu; pt] (died 944)
* Adalbert II, Count of Metz [pt] (fl. 1022–1033)
* Adalbert, Duke of Lorraine (died 1048), count of Metz
# Franck Meyer Robredo

Franck Meyer Robredo (born April 22, 2004) is a Mexican athlete known for motorsports racing and ultramarathon running. He is the youngest Mexican to finish the 252-kilometer Marathon des Sables.

## Early life and education

Franck Meyer was born in Mexico City, where he developed an interest in motorsports and endurance sports at an early age. He is studying Financial Management at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM).

## Career

In 2021, Meyer won the Skusa México championship in the KZ1 Shifter Kart category. He trained at the Richard Mille Young Talent Academy in Spain for Formula 4 racing.
In 2024, Meyer completed the Marathon des Sables, an ultramarathon in the Sahara Desert, covering a distance of 252 kilometers in 41 hours and 13 minutes.

## Achievements

| Year | Event | Discipline | Location | Result |
| 2021 | Skusa México | Karting | Mexico | National champion in KZ1 Shifter Kart category |
| 2021 | Richard Mille Young Talent Academy | Motorsports | Spain | Participant in Formula 4 training program |
| 2023 | Marathon des Sables | Ultramarathon | Morocco | Completed 252 kilometers in 41 hours and 13 minutes |
# Maritsa (disambiguation)

The Maritsa is a river that runs through the Balkans.
Maritsa may also refer to:
* Maritsa Municipality, a municipality in Plovdiv Province, Bulgaria
** FC Maritsa Plovdiv, Bulgarian football club from the city of Plovdiv founded in 1921
* Maritsa, Rhodes, a village on the Greek island of Rhodes
* Maritsa Peak, peak in the South Shetland Islands
* Maritsa Iztok Complex, an energy complex near Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
* Battle of Maritsa, battle that took place at the Maritsa River near the village of Chernomen on September 26, 1371
* "Shumi Maritsa", the Bulgarian national anthem from 1886 until 1944
# Dayang (honorific)

Dayang, abbreviated as Dyg., is a commonly used honorific for the female commoners in Brunei. It is the female equivalent of Awang.

## Usage

Dayang is used in formal situation as a mark of respect for non-royal and non-noble females in Brunei. Generally, it is addressed immediately before the person's given name. If the name includes titles, the order of Dayang is after all of the titles which precede the name. However, this excludes the title Hajah; in this case, Dayang is placed before it.
The honorific Dayang is often found with the Malay style Yang Mulia, which is an honorary style also for the commoners. However, they may not be necessarily consecutive; Yang Mulia is always addressed at the beginning of the name system, and this includes preceding any available title.
If the person already has Dayang as part of her birth name, it is not required to add this honorific as it will become repetitive.
# Ashi (title)

Ashi (Dzongkha: ཨ་ཞེ་; Wylie: A-zhe), also spelled Ashe or Azhi, is a Bhutanese honorary title literally meaning "Lady". The title is prefixed to the given name, and is borne by female Bhutanese nobility and by female members of the Bhutanese royal family. The masculine form is Dasho (Dzongkha: དྲག་ཤོས་; Wylie: drag-shos; "superior, best"), meaning "Lord", which is held by all Members of Parliament; a number of senior officials, including deputy ministers and district magistrates; senior civil servants and others as a form of Royal award (very much like a British Baronetcy), and by courtesy prominent landowners. Ashi can also mean "Miss" although that is not the intended use of the term. It is similar to the Arabic title Lalla also meaning Lady held by noblewomen (Moulay or Sidi -Lord- for noblemen). ‘Ashi’ is also a widely used term to refer to an ‘Elder sister’ especially in the Haa and Paro regions of Bhutan.

## As royal title

When borne by daughters of the Bhutanese Sovereign, the title Ashi however has the connotation and status of "Princess" and is used in combination with the style Her Royal Highness. Bhutanese princesses do not have a separate title and the meaning of Ashi therefore depends on the context of usage. This creates sometimes confusion outside Bhutan; to avoid misunderstanding, Bhutanese English-language sources sometimes refer to daughters of the sovereign with the hybrid "Princess Ashi", and their male counterparts as "Prince Dasho".
# Spulber

Spulber is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Carșochești-Corăbița, Morărești, Păvălari, Spulber, Tojanii de Jos, Tojanii de Sus and Țipău. These were part of Paltin Commune until 2005, when they were split off.

## Geographical positioning

The commune is situated along the river Zăbala, with some villages being spread on the surrounding hills and valleys. The Tojan mountain is situated on the eastern bank of the river, as well as the old local church. Spulber is situated on road DJ 205 D and has Nereju to the south and Paltin to the north.

## Economy

The chief economic activity is agriculture, with fruit orchards, meadows and animal breeding as the main activities.