# Milivoje Kostic

Milivoje Kostic (also known as, M. Kostic or Milivoje M. Kostic; in Serbian Cyrillic: Миливоје Костић; born 20 March 1952 in Bioska, Užice municipality, Serbia, ex-Yugoslavia), is a Serbian-American thermodynamicist and professor emeritus of mechanical engineering at Northern Illinois University, Professional Engineer (PE) in Illinois, and Section First Editor-in-Chief of Thermodynamics (2015-2024) of the journal Entropy. He is an expert in energy fundamentals and applications, including nanotechnology, with emphasis on efficiency, efficient energy use and energy conservation, and environment and sustainability.

## Biography

Milivoje Kostic was born and raised in Serbia (Yugoslavia at the time). He completed his "Dipl-Ing" (Diploma Engineer) degree in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Belgrade in 1975, with the distinction of having the highest GPA in the mechanical engineering program history at the time. Then he worked as a researcher in thermal engineering and combustion at Vinca Institute for Nuclear Sciences, which then hosted the headquarters of the International Center for Heat and Mass Transfer (ICHMT), and later taught at the University of Belgrade. In meantime, he spent three summers as an exchange visitor in England, West Germany, and the former Soviet Union. Kostic came to the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1981 as a Fulbright grantee, where he received his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering in 1984. He subsequently worked several years in industry before emigrated to the United States in 1986. After working for 26 years at Northern Illinois University, he retired in 2014 to focus on his fundamental research, and became Professor Emeritus in 2015.

## Professional work

Kostic has been the Section First Editor-in-Chief of Thermodynamics (2015-2024) of the journal Entropy, published by MDPI having previously been a Guest Editor of two Special issues on Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.,
Kostic has also worked in industry and has authored a number of patents and professional publications, including invited articles in professional encyclopedias.
Kostic was appointed as NASA faculty fellow, and Fermi and Argonne National Laboratories faculty researcher. He has a number of professional awards and recognitions, is a frequent keynote plenary speaker at international conferences and at different educational and public institutions, as well as member of several professional societies and scientific advisory boards. Entransy concept and controversies
Kostic is interested in the fundamental laws of nature, thermodynamics and heat transfer fundamentals and applications, and especially the Second law of thermodynamics and entropy., see also arXiv e-prints. He has developed a collaboration with Tsinghua and other Chinese universities. Kostic wrote about Entransy concept and controversies, and is editing an Entropy special Issue, Nature of heat and entropy, as well as a Topical collection, Foundations and Ubiquity of Classical Thermodynamics.
Kostic has raised some critical issues regarding the challenges of the Second Law of thermodynamics, including a number of puzzling issues still surrounding thermodynamics and the nature of heat, epitomized by the elusive Maxwell's demon. Namely, he argued that Maxwell and his followers focused on 'effortless gating' a molecule at a time, but overlooked simultaneous interference of other chaotic molecules, while the demon exorcists tried to justify impossible processes with misplaced 'compensations' by work of measurements and gate operation, and information storage and memory erasure with entropy generation. Some other unjustified claims, fundamentally misplaced and dramatized, like “heat flowing from cold to hot without external intervention,” have been critically analyzed and demystified by Kostic. The Second Law and Entropy misconceptions have been demystified in another publication.
Kostic wrote a comprehensive treatise, written for the special occasion of the author’s 70th birthday. It presents his lifelong endeavors and reflections with original reasoning and re-interpretations of the most critical and sometimes misleading issues in thermodynamics.
More recently Kostic presented a plenary lecture "Engineering Thermodynamics: Fundamentals and Challenges" at Sadi Carnot's Legacy International Colloquium at Ecole Polytechnique. It presents Carnot’s "Réflexions" on “heat engine reversible cycles and their maximum efficiency,” among the most important treatises in natural sciences, and the critical and sometimes misleading issues related to the Second law of thermodynamics.