# Freda Stevenson

Freda Kathryn Stevenson is a British immunologist and Professor at the University of Southampton. She was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2000, and was the first British researcher to be awarded the American Society of Hematology Henry M. Stratton Medal.

## Early life and education

Stevenson studied biochemistry at the University of Manchester. She earned her bachelor's and master's degree in Manchester, before moving to the University of Oxford for her doctoral research. Stevenson studied polysaccharide-protein complexes from cartilage. She stayed at Oxford as a Medical Research Council postdoctoral researcher, where she studied surface proteins in kidneys.

## Research and career

Stevenson moved to the University of Southampton, where she looked for new treatments for leukaemia by studying the surface proteins on lymphocytes. She developed sequencing techniques to investigate chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and showed that there were two different types, one of which had a more rapid progression. She showed that it was possible to determine the prognosis of a leukaemia diagnosis by monitoring these surface proteins. This discovery was recognised by the Rai-Binet Medal.
Stevenson became interested in cancer immunology: the use of Immunoglobulin (antibodies) to attack cancer cells. She focussed on a receptor of leukaemic B lymphocytes: a leukaemia-specific protein. By developing an antibody against this protein, which was one of the first demonstrations of cancer immunology in research. She was the first to demonstrate that anti-CD28, a monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD38 protein, could be used to treat several types of myeloma. anti-CD28, now named theralizumab was developed in Stevenson's laboratory, and is now the normal treatment pathway for patients with bone marrow cancer.
Stevenson developed a DNA fusion-gene vaccine that encodes tumour antigens fused to pathogen-derived sequences. The vaccine is targeted againsted cancer antigens: it activates T cells, which induces and maintains immunity. These vaccines achieve a high level of molecular precision, and immunity amplification can be enhanced through the incoporation of additional genes. Stevenson tested DNA fusion gene vaccines to protect against lymphoma. To activate the immune system; Stevenson used the toxic portion of tetanus toxin, and showed it could induce high levels of antibodies.
In 2018 Stevenson became the first British researcher to win the American Society of Hematology Henry M. Stratton Medal.

## Awards and honours

* 2000 Elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
* 2014 European Haematology Association Jean Bernard Life Time Achievement Award
* 2015 Rai-Binet Medal
* 2018 American Society of Hematology Henry M. Stratton Medal
* 2020 British Society of Haematology Lifetime Achievement Award

## Select publications

* Hamblin TJ; Davis Z; Gardiner A; Oscier DG; Stevenson FK (1 September 1999). "Unmutated Ig V(H) genes are associated with a more aggressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Blood. 94 (6): 1848–1854. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 10477713. Wikidata Q33873343.
* Terry J. Hamblin; Jenny A, Orchard; Rachel E. Ibbotson; Zadie Davis; Peter W. Thomas; Freda K. Stevenson; David G. Oscier (1 February 2002). "CD38 expression and immunoglobulin variable region mutations are independent prognostic variables in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but CD38 expression may vary during the course of the disease". Blood. 99 (3): 1023–1029. doi:10.1182/BLOOD.V99.3.1023. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 11807008. Wikidata Q33956997.
* Joshua D Brody; Weiyun Z Ai; Debra K Czerwinski; et al. (9 August 2010). "In situ vaccination with a TLR9 agonist induces systemic lymphoma regression: a phase I/II study". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 28 (28): 4324–4332. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.28.9793. ISSN 0732-183X. PMC 2954133. PMID 20697067. Wikidata Q34194680.