OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Benjamin Apartments

The Benjamin Apartments is a building in Midtown, Houston listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was designed by local architect, Alfred C. Finn, and completed in 1924. It was first an owner-occupied four-plex. Later it was used as a hospital in 1945, converted to single-family residential use in 1970, and after 1997, re-purposed as law offices. The building was vacant through most of the 1950s and 1960s.

## History

The Benjamin Apartments building is located on Webster at the corner of Caroline in Houston's Midtown neighborhood. Benjamin Cohen commissioned the design work for the four-plex in 1919, and resided in one of apartments for the first sixteen years of its existence. The apartments were converted for use as a hospital in 1945, which was known as Home Hospital and later as Physicians and Surgeons Hospital. A map from the early 1950s confirms its use as a hospital, but it lay vacant for seven years after 1952. By this time, the previous suburban character of the neighborhood transitioned to commercial buildings and boarding houses. An attempt to revive the building as a hospital in 1960 failed quickly as it stood unused from 1961 through 1968.
One room at the Benjamin was rented as an apartment in 1969 before John and Blanche Bankes converted it to a single-family residence in 1970. John Bankes lived there until his death in 1993, and Blanche remained there until 1997. A law firm acquired the property a year later, performed some renovations, then resold it to a real estate partnership in 1999. Mid-Continent Houston Properties, LTD converted the building to office use for one tenant.

## Architectural characteristics

The Benjamin represents an early-20th-century stylistic synthesis of the Arts and Crafts movement with Renaissance Revival elements. Decorative flourishes at the front entrance are rendered into relatively austere interpretations. Subtle modulations in the polychrome patterns of the brick work introduce another decorative element. Non-original features of the property as recently as 2002 include: a metal fence around the back of the property, a car port, a paved surface parking lot, and an area for the dumpster and utilities.

## Gallery

* Front entry on Webster
* Texas Historical Marker
# Ambigolimax

Ambigolimax is a genus of air-breathing land slugs in the family Limacidae, the keelback slugs.
There is still ongoing disagreement whether it is more appropriate to consider Ambigolimax as merely a subgenus of Lehmannia; the evidence for splitting them is phylogenetic trees constructed on the basis of DNA sequences.

## Species

The species in the genus are:
* Ambigolimax parvipenis Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022
* Ambigolimax valentianus (Férussac, 1821) – Valencia slug, threeband garden slug
* Ambigolimax waterstoni Hutchinson, Reise & Schlitt, 2022
These species are not reliably distinguishable on the basis of external characters, so identification requires either dissection to reveal the genitalia or DNA sequencing. All three are invasive in various parts of the world.
* In addition, Lehmannia melitensis is treated as Ambigolimax melitensis by Hutchinson et al. (2022) based on similarity of DNA sequences.
Previous usage of the name Ambigolimax nyctelius has now been shown to refer to several species that had been confused: A. parvipenis, A. waterstoni, and Lehmannia carpatica. Furthermore, the species name nyctelius actually refers to a species of Letourneuxia (family Arionidae).

## Taxonomic history

Ambigolimax was constructed by Pollonera in 1887 to encompass A. valentianus and what he called A. fulvus but is now understood to be Malacolimax tenellus. He considered Ambigolimax as a subgenus of Agriolimax (now Deroceras) in the family Agriolimacidae. In 1926, Hesse transferred it to become a subgenus of Lehmannia in the family Limacidae. Since about 2007 the increasing tendency has been to split Lehmannia s.l. into two genera, Lehmannia s.s. and Ambigolimax. This splitting was based on the genetic evidence that the position of Malacolimax in the phylogenetic tree makes Lehmannia s.l. a paraphyletic group.
# Bignell Reef

Bignell Reef is an island in the West Coast Region of New Zealand. It lies east of the Open Bay Islands: Taumaka and Pōpōtai Island.
# Football at the 2017 Pacific Mini Games

Football at the 2017 Pacific Mini Games was held in Port Vila between 2–15 December 2017.

## Entrants

Six men's teams and four women's teams participated:
Men's tournament
* Fiji
* New Caledonia
* Solomon Islands
* Tonga
* Tuvalu
* Vanuatu
Women's tournament
* Fiji
* Solomon Islands
* Tonga
* Vanuatu

### Results

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men details | Vanuatu | Fiji | Solomon Islands |
| Women details | Vanuatu | Fiji | Tonga |
# Allen C. Beach

Allen Carpenter Beach (October 9, 1825 – October 17, 1918) was an American lawyer and politician from New York who served the lieutenant governor of New York from 1869 to 1872.

## Life

He was born on October 9, 1825, in Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York, the son of Rev. Allen R. Beach (1797–1879) and Amy Brown Beach (1803–c.1890). He graduated from Union College in 1848, and was admitted to the bar in 1852. His first wife Abby A. Woodruff died in 1856. In 1862, he married Olivia H. Pickering, and they had one daughter, Amy.
Active in politics as a Democrat, Beach served as chairman of the Jefferson County Democratic Committee, and was a delegate to numerous county and state party conventions. Jefferson County was a Republican stronghold, and Beach ran unsuccessfully for several offices, including county judge. He was a delegate to the 1860 and 1876 Democratic National Conventions.
As a Democrat, he was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1869 to 1872, elected in 1868 and 1870.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1878 to 1879, elected in 1877 and defeated for re-election in 1879.
He died on October 17, 1918, in Rochester, New York.

## Sources

* ↑ The Reverend Allen R. Beach...died... in The New York Times on May 5, 1879
* ↑ Ex-Lieut. Gov. Beach Dies at 93 in The New York Times on October 19, 1918
* Life Sketches of Executive Officers and Members of the Legislature of the State of New York by H. H. Boone & Theodore P. Cook (Weed, Parsons & Co., Albany NY, 1870; pg. 15–19)
Political offices :
| Preceded byStewart L. Woodford | Lieutenant Governor of New York 1869–1872 | Succeeded byJohn C. Robinson |
| Preceded byJohn Bigelow | Secretary of State of New York 1878–1879 | Succeeded byJoseph Bradford Carr |
| Party political offices |||
| Preceded bySamuel J. Tilden | New York State Democratic Committee Chairman September 1874 – September 1875 | Succeeded byDaniel Magone |
# Virginia Beach Friends School

36°51′N 76°01′W﻿ / ﻿36.85°N 76.01°W﻿ / 36.85; -76.01
Virginia Beach Friends School (VBFS) is an independent life-skills and college preparatory day school founded in 1955 under the care of the Virginia Beach Friends Meeting. Virginia Beach Friends School has more than 100 students enrolled in three divisions – Early School (Cottage, Treehouse, Pre-K and Kindergarten), Lower School (Grades 1-5), and Middle School (Grades 6-8).
It formerly operated a high school, but the high school closed in 2021.
# Giuliano Đanić

Giuliano Đanić (born 14 May 1973), known professionally as Giuliano, is a Croatian pop singer.

## Music career

In mid 1988, Giuliano, along with Siniša Vuco, formed the rock band Kleopatra. The band released three singles "Odlazim", "Hladna noć", and "Svi u jedan glas". The band broke up in late 1989. After the break up of Kleopatra, Đanić, along with Zlatko Brodarić, formed the band Apokalipsa. The band's debut album Ljubav za ljubav, bol za bol was released in 1991.
Giuliano has participated seven times in HRT Dora, Croatia's annual music competition and national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. He made his debut in 1996 performing "Sjaj u očima otkriva te", which finished fifth with 104 points. He returned to the contest again in 1999 with "Dobro mi došla ljubavi" finishing sixth. A year later in 2000, Đanić participated with the song "Srna i vuk" and finished third in the final with a total of 160 points. Đanić participated in Dora 2003, performing "Moja lipa", written and composed by Tomislav Mrduljaš. He reached the final from the second semifinal on 8 March 2003 and finished seventh in the final with 60 points. After taking a four-year break from the contest, Đanić returned to the 2007 edition with the song "Pismom te ljubi milijun mandolina" and placed fifth. A year later, in 2008, he finished eleventh with the song "Plava vještica" written by Miro Buljan and Nenad Ninčević. The 2010 edition of the contest was the last one with Đanić as a participant. With the song "Moja draga" he qualified from the semi-final on 5 March 2010 to the final the next day, where he placed eighth with 18 points.
His best-known songs include "Lipoto moja", "Ćutin se lipo", "Gori more", "Zovem prijatelje moje", "Veći od ljubavi" and the Porin-winning hit "Jugo", all renowned for their emotional intensity and firm tenor delivery.
In 2022 he collaborated with ZETZ, Pero Galić, Mario Roth, Ivan Penezić and Igor Delač on a number-one charting single "Idemo Hrvatska" which spent 4 weeks at a number-one position of the official Croatian airplay chart HR Top 40.

## Politics

Giuliano has repeatedly sung at Croatian Party of Rights's pre-election rallies. During the 2005 Croatian presidential election he sang at Jadranka Kosor's rallies. During the 2011 Croatian parliamentary election he was a candidate of the Croatian Party of Rights in the third district but failed to be elected into the Croatian Parliament.

## Discography

* Giuliano (1995)
* Boje ljubavi (1998)
* Giuliano u Lisinskom (1999)
* Svijet tvoje čarolije (2001)
* Ugasi žeđ (2003)
* Moje 80e (2007)
* Sada imam sve (2012)
# Brumer–Stark conjecture

The Brumer–Stark conjecture is a conjecture in algebraic number theory giving a rough generalization of both the analytic class number formula for Dedekind zeta functions, and also of Stickelberger's theorem about the factorization of Gauss sums. It is named after Armand Brumer and Harold Stark.
It arises as a special case (abelian and first-order) of Stark's conjecture, when the place that splits completely in the extension is finite. There are very few cases where the conjecture is known to be valid. Its importance arises, for instance, from its connection with Hilbert's twelfth problem.

## Statement of the conjecture

Let K/k be an abelian extension of global fields, and let S be a set of places of k containing the Archimedean places and the prime ideals that ramify in K/k. The S-imprimitive equivariant Artin L-function θ(s) is obtained from the usual equivariant Artin L-function by removing the Euler factors corresponding to the primes in S from the Artin L-functions from which the equivariant function is built. It is a function on the complex numbers taking values in the complex group ring C[G] where G is the Galois group of K/k. It is analytic on the entire plane, excepting a lone simple pole at s = 1.
Let μ$_K$ be the group of roots of unity in K. The group G acts on μ$_K$; let A be the annihilator of μ$_K$ as a Z[G]-module. An important theorem, first proved by C. L. Siegel and later independently by Takuro Shintani, states that θ(0) is actually in Q[G]. A deeper theorem, proved independently by Pierre Deligne and Ken Ribet, Daniel Barsky, and Pierrette Cassou-Noguès, states that Aθ(0) is in Z[G]. In particular, Wθ(0) is in Z[G], where W is the cardinality of μ$_K$.
The ideal class group of K is a G-module. From the above discussion, we can let Wθ(0) act on it. The Brumer–Stark conjecture says the following:
Brumer–Stark Conjecture. For each nonzero fractional ideal ${\mathfrak {a}}$ of K, there is an "anti-unit" ε such that
* ${\mathfrak {a}}^{W\theta (0)}=(\varepsilon ).$
* The extension $K\left(\varepsilon ^{\frac {1}{W}}\right)/k$ is abelian.
The first part of this conjecture is due to Armand Brumer, and Harold Stark originally suggested that the second condition might hold. The conjecture was first stated in published form by John Tate.
The term "anti-unit" refers to the condition that |ε|$_ν$ is required to be 1 for each Archimedean place ν.

## Progress

The Brumer Stark conjecture is known to be true for extensions K/k where
* K/Q is cyclotomic: this follows from Stickelberger's theorem
* K is abelian over Q
* K/k is a quadratic extension
* K/k is a biquadratic extension
In 2020, Dasgupta and Kakde proved the Brumer–Stark conjecture away from the prime 2. In 2023, a full proof of the conjecture over Z has been announced.

## Function field analogue

The analogous statement in the function field case is known to be true, having been proved by John Tate and Pierre Deligne in 1984, with a different proof by David Hayes in 1985.
# Stephen Li-Chung Kuo

Stephen Li-Chung Kuo (Chinese: 郭立中; pinyin: Guō Lìzhōng) (born July 27, 1990) is a Taiwanese-American figure skater who represented Taiwan in men's singles. He is a two-time Taiwanese national champion (2010–2011) and competed in the free skate at three ISU Championships.

## Personal life

Kuo was born on July 27, 1990, in Trenton, New Jersey. His hobbies include juggling with a specialty in Diabolo, playing violin, and reading.

## Skating career

Kuo was coached by Roland Burghart in Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, and represented Taiwan. He made his international debut at the 2009 World Junior Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria; he placed 27th in the short program and did not advance further. His first senior international was the 2009 Nebelhorn Trophy in Oberstdorf, Germany.
Kuo won two senior national titles and competed in the final segment at three ISU Championships — 2010 Four Continents in Jeonju, South Korea; 2010 Junior Worlds in The Hague, Netherlands; and 2011 Four Continents in Taipei, Taiwan. He also competed at two World Championships but did not reach the free skate.
Kuo was a member of the founding executive board for Rutgers University Figure Skating Club, has additionally passed both Gold USFS Free Skate and Gold USFS Moves in the Field tests and now coaches figure skating domestically.

### Competitive highlights

International :
| Event | 2008–09 | 2009–10 | 2010–11 | 2011–12 |
| World Champ. | | 37th | 19th P | |
| Four Continents Champ. | | 16th | 20th | |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | 24th | | |
| International: Junior |||||
| World Junior Champ. | 27th | 22nd | | |
| JGP Croatia | | | 8th | |
| JGP United States | | | 11th | |
| National |||||
| Chinese Taipei Champ. | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 3rd |
| JGP = Junior Grand Prix; P = Preliminary round |||||

### Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2010–2011 | A Los Amigos | Piano Concerto No.2 by Sergei Rachmaninoff |
| 2008–2009 | Violin and Piano Concerto by Johannes Brahms | Christopher Columbus: The Discovery by Cliff Eidelman |
# Zerbe Township, Pennsylvania

Zerbe Township is a township in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population at the 2010 Census was 1,872, down from 2,021 at the 2000 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 11.6 square miles (30.0 km$^2$), of which 11.6 square miles (30.0 km$^2$) is land and 0.09% is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,021 people, 871 households, and 561 families residing in the township. The population density was 174.4 inhabitants per square mile (67.3/km$^2$). There were 946 housing units at an average density of 81.6 per square mile (31.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.71% White, 0.15% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40% of the population.
There were 871 households, out of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $31,964, and the median income for a family was $38,000. Males had a median income of $30,236 versus $18,207 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,780. About 6.0% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable person

* Sparky Adams, baseball infielder/outfielder in the National League during the 1920s and 1930s
# Berkeley High School Campus Historic District

Berkeley High School Campus Historic District is a 12.5 acres (5.1 ha) historic district in Berkeley, California, U.S. It is situated on four consolidated city blocks, bordered by Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Allston Way, Milvia Street, and Channing Way; and contains the Berkeley High School campus. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 7, 2008; and listed on the California Historical Landmark since January 7, 2008.

## History

Its period of significance runs from 1922 until 1950, beginning with the construction of architect William C. Hays' two classically influenced Italianate style school buildings — the academic building (1922) and the original gymnasium and natatorium (1922) and ending with the completion of the art deco-styled Berkeley High School Community Theater (1950).
The Berkeley High School Campus Historic District is comprised a total of eight buildings, and five of the buildings are contributing resources. The design, material and workmanship of the nominated features have remained largely intact, with the exception of necessary building safety retrofits to the academic building and the original gymnasium and natatorium (buildings C and M). The original gymnasium and natatorium (building M) was the subject of significant exterior changes; resulting in a change in the building's style from a classically-inspired Italianate style to a Streamline Moderne style.

## Notable buildings

* Berkeley High School Community Theater (1950), including the Florence Schwimley Little Theater
* academic building (building C) (1922), designed by William C. Hays as a centerpiece to the campus
* shop building (building G) (1939), art deco building designed by Henry H. Gutterson and William G. Corlett, Sr.
* science building (building H) (1940), art deco building designed by Henry H. Gutterson and William G. Corlett, Sr.
* original gymnasium and natatorium (building M) (1922), designed by William C. Hays and Walter H. Ratcliff Jr.; contains the physical education facilities, offices, classrooms, locker rooms, pools, and gymnasiums
# Battle of Hastings reenactment

The Battle of Hastings reenactment is a yearly reenactment of the Battle of Hastings, held at Battle Abbey in Battle, East Sussex, UK, and drawing participants from around the world. It takes place every year on the weekend nearest 14 October on the site of the historical battle, although it is often arranged across the hill rather than up it, to take account of the smaller number of participants and the need for spectators.
The event is run by English Heritage, which owns the site, and attended by several thousand people yearly. For many years it was an event for amateur groups of reenactors, but more recently has involved scenes by professional actors.
Every five or six years since 1984 it has been the site of major reenactments. At the 2000 reenactment, called "Hastings 2000", about 1000 reenactors on foot, 100 cavalry and between 50 and 100 archers from 16 different countries took part.
The two-day Hastings 2006 event saw more than 3,000 re-enactors performing for a crowd of about 30,000 paying public. It was believed to have been the largest pre-gunpowder reenactment event ever held.
# R. Holland Duell

Rodolphus (sometimes Robert) Holland Duell (December 20, 1824 – February 11, 1891) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was elected to Congress and became United States Commissioner of Patents.

## Life

Duell was born in Warren, Herkimer County, New York. He completed preparatory studies and subsequently studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1845 and commenced practice in Fabius. He married Mary L. Cuyler (1822–1894), and they had two children: Louise C. Duell (1848–1872) and Judge Charles Holland Duell (1850–1920).
Duell moved to Cortland in 1847, and was district attorney of Cortland County from 1850 to 1855. He was Judge of Cortland County from 1855 to 1859.
Duell was elected as a Republican to the 36th and 37th United States Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1863; during the 37th Congress, he was Chairman of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. He resumed the practice of law in Cortland and was Assessor of Internal Revenue for the 23rd District of New York from 1869 to 1871.
He was elected to the 42nd and 43rd United States Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1875. During the 43rd Congress he was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures on Public Buildings. Duell was appointed as United States Commissioner of Patents by President Ulysses S. Grant on October 1, 1875, and remained in office until January 30, 1877. He resumed the practice of law in Cortland, where he died in 1891; interment was in Cortland Rural Cemetery.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "R. Holland Duell (id: D000513)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
* Sackett family
# Nine Mile, Jamaica

Nine Mile (Jamaican Creole: Nain Mail or Nain Mailz) is a district in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica, a few miles south of Brown's Town. The population was about 300 in 2009. On February 6, 1945, reggae musician Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, and he was later buried there. The house in which Marley resided and the mausoleum in which his body and that of his mother Cedella Booker lies, is also located in Nine Mile.

## Bob Marley Mausoleum

Nine Mile is where Bob Marley's musical career began and also influenced many of his songs.
The Bob Marley Mausoleum in Nine Mile is a tourist attraction managed by members of Bob Marley's living family. It features many of Marley's historical artifacts, including guitars, awards, and photographs.
There is a Rasta-colored ‘rock pillow’ on which Marley laid his head when seeking inspiration. His body lies buried along with his guitar in a 2.5 m-tall (8.2 ft) oblong marble mausoleum inside a small church of traditional Ethiopia design.
There are two mausoleums on the property. The first is that of Marley's mother, Cedella Booker, known as Mama Marley. The second contains Bob Marley's remains.
# Davidson Historic District

Davidson Historic District is a national historic district located at Davidson, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 394 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, and 2 contributing structures in the central business district and surrounding residential neighborhoods of Davidson and campus of Davidson College. It was developed after 1837 and includes notable examples of Italianate, Greek Revival, and Gothic Revival style architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed Eumenean Hall and Philanthropic Hall. Other notable buildings include the Maxwell Chambers Building, Jackson Row (1928), Helper Hotel (1848), Johnston Grocery Store (1912), Southern Railway Depot (1897), Linden Cotton Factory (1890), Delburg Cotton Mills (1908), Davidson United Methodist Church (1908), Davidson College Presbyterian Church (1951), and Carnegie Library (1909).
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.