OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# N-Ethylmaleimide

N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It contains the amide functional group, but more importantly it is an alkene that is reactive toward thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides.

## Organic chemistry

NEM is a Michael acceptor in the Michael reaction, which means that it adds nucleophiles such as thiols. The resulting thioether features a strong C–S bond and the reaction is virtually irreversible. Reaction with thiols occur in the pH range 6.5–7.5, NEM may react with amines or undergo hydrolysis at a more alkaline pH. NEM has been widely used to probe the functional role of thiol groups in enzymology. NEM is an irreversible inhibitor of all cysteine peptidases, with alkylation occurring at the active site thiol group (see schematic).

## Case studies

NEM blocks vesicular transport. In lysis buffers, 20 to 25 mM of NEM is used to inhibit de-sumoylation of proteins for Western Blot analysis. NEM has also been used as an inhibitor of deubiquitinases.
N-Ethylmaleimide was used by Arthur Kornberg and colleagues to knock out DNA polymerase III in order to compare its activity to that of DNA polymerase I (pol III and I, respectively). Kornberg had been awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering pol I, then believed to be the mechanism of bacterial DNA replication, although in this experiment he showed that pol III was the actual replicative machinery.
NEM activates ouabain-insensitive Cl-dependent K efflux in low-K sheep and goat red blood cells. This discovery contributed to the molecular identification of K–Cl cotransport (KCC) in human embryonic cells transfected by KCC1 isoform cDNA, 16 years later. Since then, NEM has been widely used as a diagnostic tool to uncover or manipulate the membrane presence of K–Cl cotransport in cells of many species in the animal kingdom. Despite repeated unsuccessful attempts to identify chemically the target thiol group, at physiological pH, NEM may form adducts with thiols within protein kinases that phosphorylate KCC at specific serine and threonine residues primarily within the C-terminal domain of the transporter. The ensuing dephosphorylation of KCC by protein phosphatases leads to activation of KCC.
# Invalid Litter Dept.

"Invalid Litter Dept." is a song by American rock band At the Drive-In, released in 2001 as the third single from the album Relationship of Command. The CD release in March 2001 came in a variety of international formats, including the standard two CDs in the United Kingdom. The Australian release included the UK B-sides from the two CD releases. "Invalid Litter Dept." is the band's highest charting single in the UK, peaking at No. 50 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 47 on the Scottish Singles Chart.
The song's lyrics and music video deal with the Juárez femicides, a series of rapes and murders in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, of young women who worked in factories called maquiladoras. Cd. Juárez is located just across the U.S.-Mexican border from El Paso, Texas, At the Drive-In's home town. The song explicitly criticizes the federales, or the Mexican Federal Police, for their lack of response to these cases.
"Lamacq version" tracks originally broadcast on BBC Radio 1's The Evening Session with Steve Lamacq, week beginning 11 September 2000, and produced/mixed by Simon Askew.

## Track listing
### U.S. / Australia CD

* "Invalid Litter Dept." – 6:07
* "Initiation" (Lamacq Version) – 3:36
* "Quarantined" (Lamacq Version) – 5:55
* "Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk" – 5:05
* "Metronome Arthritis" – 4:03

### UK 7-inch

* "Invalid Litter Dept." – 6:07
* "Initiation" (Lamacq version) – 3:36

### UK CD1

* "Invalid Litter Dept." – 6:07
* "Initiation" (Lamacq version) – 3:36
* "Quarantined" (Lamacq version) – 5:55

### UK CD2

* "Invalid Litter Dept." – 6:07
* "Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk" – 5:05
* "Metronome Arthritis" – 4:03
* "At the Drive-In TV Ad" (video starring Michael Diamond)
# Jessa Crispin

Jessa Crispin (born c. 1978 in Lincoln, Kansas) is a critic, author, feminist, and the editor-in-chief of Bookslut, a litblog and webzine founded in 2002. She has published four books, most recently My Three Dads (2022).

## Early life

Crispin is from Lincoln, Kansas; she has described both her hometown and upbringing in her family as very conservative. She attended Baker University in Kansas for two years before leaving without a degree.

## Literary career

Crispin began her literary career as publishing outsider who started her blog Bookslut on the side while working at Planned Parenthood in Austin, Texas. She eventually came to support herself by writing and editing the site full-time. Bookslut ran for 14 years, with the last issue announced in May 2016. Bookslut received mentions in many national and international newspapers, including The New York Times Book Review and The Washington Post.
In 2005, Crispin kept a diary about her work on books for The Guardian. Crispin had a regular column in the online cultural journal The Smart Set, published by Drexel University. She was a book critic for NPR and contributor to PBS's Need to Know. She has written for the New York Times, the Washington Post, Chicago Sun-Times and The Globe and Mail, among other publications. She wrote the afterword to Melville House Books' reissue of Heinrich Böll's Billiards at Half-Past Nine.

## Personal life

In 2018, Crispin married Nicolás Rodríguez Melo, partly in order to sponsor his visa, and interviewed him for her Public Intellectual podcast about the performance of masculinity and femininity. She has criticized married women in the past: "Marriage’s history is about treating women as property, and by being married you’re legitimising that history."

## Works

* The Dead Ladies Project: Exiles, Expats, and Ex-Countries (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2015, ISBN 9780226278452)
* The Creative Tarot: A Modern Guide to an Inspired Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2016, ISBN 9781501120237)
* Why I Am Not a Feminist: A Feminist Manifesto (New York: Melville House, 2017, ISBN 9781612196015)
* My Three Dads: Patriarchy on the Great Plains (University of Chicago Press, 2022, ISBN 9780226820101)
# Engro Holdings

Engro Holdings (Urdu: اینگرو ہولڈنگز), formerly Dawood Hercules Corporation, is a publicly traded Pakistani holding and investment company headquartered in Karachi. Listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange under the symbol "ENGROH," it serves as the investment platform for Engro.
# Human shields in Gaza

%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete
#REDIRECT Human shields in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
# FCW Jack Brisco 15 Championship

The FCW Jack Brisco 15 Championship was a professional wrestling championship contested in 15-minute Iron Man matches by Florida Championship Wrestling. A medal was held by the title holder, rather than a championship belt that is primarily used in professional wrestling.

## History

Seth Rollins and Hunico previously fought in the first 'FCW 15' match, an iron man match which lasted 15 minutes. Following the match, FCW's General Manager Maxine declared the FCW 15 Jack Brisco Classic Tournament, which included Rollins and Hunico in addition to Richie Steamboat and Jinder Mahal. In the tournament final, Rollins defeated Hunico to become the inaugural champion. The final match was later released on a best of Seth Rollins DVD put out by WWE in 2017.

## Reigns

Over the championship's one-year history, there have four reigns between four champions. Seth Rollins was the inaugural champion, and also holds the record for the longest reign at 252 days, with Brad Maddox's reign being the shortest at 54 days. Damien Sandow is the oldest champion at 29 years old, while Rollins is the youngest at 24 years old.
Maddox was the final champion in his first reign. He won the title by defeating Richie Steamboat on June 21, 2012, and held it until August 14, when FCW closed.
Key :
| No. | Overall reign number |
| Reign | Reign number for the specific champion |
| Days | Number of days held |
| No. | Champion | Championship change | Championship change | Championship change | Reign statistics | Reign statistics | Notes | Ref. |
| No. | Champion | Date | Event | Location | Reign | Days | Notes | Ref. |
| 1 | Seth Rollins | January 13, 2011 | FCW | Tampa, FL | 1 | 252 | Defeated Hunico in the finals of the 'FCW 15' Jack Brisco Classic Tournament to become the inaugural champion. Aired on tape delay on February 6, 2011. | |
| 2 | Damien Sandow | September 22, 2011 | FCW | Tampa, FL | 1 | 113 | Aired on tape delay on October 30, 2011. | |
| 3 | Richie Steamboat | January 13, 2012 | FCW | Tampa, FL | 1 | 160 | Steamboat defeated Damien Sandow, winning the bout two falls to one. Aired on tape delay on January 29, 2012. | |
| 4 | Brad Maddox | June 21, 2012 | Live event | Tampa, FL | 1 | 54 | | |
| — | Deactivated | August 14, 2012 | — | — | — | — | Title retired immediately when Florida Championship Wrestling was disbanded. | |
# Revonah Manor Historic District

The Revonah Manor Historic District is a 23.1-acre (9.3 ha) predominantly residential historic district in Stamford, Connecticut that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The district encompasses what was one of Stamford's first planned residential developments, developed by Herman Henneberg and his son-in-law Henry Jevne, with many houses designed by Lawrence Barnard. The result was a remarkable concentration of fairly uniformly-designed Colonial Revival and Tudor Revival houses in a three-block area. Most of the houses are on Urban, Chester, and Fifth Streets, between Revonah Avenue and Bedford Street.
# Ardfert GAA

Ardfert are a Gaelic football team in north County Kerry, Ireland. They are one of two clubs in Ardfert, St Brendan's Hurling Club being the local hurling club. They play in the County Junior Football Championship and Div 2 County League.
By winning the Kerry Junior Football Championship in 2005 by beating Cordal 3–11 to 3–07 they were promoted to the Kerry Intermediate Football Championship and represented Kerry in the Munster Junior Club Football Championship and in that final they beat Erin's Own 1–08 to 0–10 and represented Munster in the All-Ireland Junior Club Football Championship. On 19 February 2006, they won this championship in Croke Park by beating Loughrea 1–07 to 0–09.
In 2006, they won the Kerry Intermediate Football Championship beating Annascaul and represented Kerry at the Munster Intermediate Club Football Championship where they defeated Corofin of Clare 1–06 to 1–04. They then went on to the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Football Championship final winning that as well 1–04 to 0–05 by defeating Eoghan Rua of Derry. They now play in the Kerry Senior Club Football Championship.

## Honours

* All-Ireland Intermediate Club Football Championship Winner (2) 2007, 2015
* All-Ireland Junior Club Football Championship Winner (1) 2006
* Munster Intermediate Club Football Championship Winners (2) 2006, 2014
* Munster Junior Club Football Championship Winner (1) 2005
* Kerry Intermediate Football Championship Winners (2) 2006, 2014
* Kerry Junior Football Championship Winners (2) 1987, 2005
* Kerry Novice Football Championship Winner (1) 1981
* St. Brendan's District Senior Football Championship Winners (4) 2002, 2005, 2011, 2016

## Kerry County Football League

Ardfert won the Kerry County Football League – Division 5 North in 2003, Kerry County Football League – Division 3 in 2004, Kerry County Football League – Division 3 in 2005 and Kerry County Football League – Division 2 in 2006. After the 2006 win, the club were promoted to Kerry County Football League – Division 1 for the 2007 season.
# Amanda Brunker

Amanda Brunker (born 12 June 1974) is an Irish novelist, journalist and beauty pageant titleholder. She is columnist for the Irish Sunday World tabloid newspaper, She also won Miss Ireland 1991.
Brunker grew up in a Church of Ireland Protestant family in Finglas. After attending Mount Temple Comprehensive School she turned to modelling, entering and winning the Miss Ireland competition in 1991 when she was 17 years old.

## Career

She has continued modelling, acted in the film Head Rush, had a cameo role on the former Irish soap Glenroe, been a nightclub hostess and presented her own late night TV show The Dinner Party.
She also performed at Oxegen 2011. The decision to give her a prominent slot at the music festival ahead of artists who had released music, as well as her performance on the day, was widely criticised in the music press.
Brunker declined on multiple offers from record companies to concentrate on her FETAC 4 course.
She was a judge on the third and final season of the All Ireland Talent Show, replacing Boyzone's Shane Lynch as the Dublin judge.
She published her first novel, entitled Champagne Kisses, on 25 June 2008, followed in June 2009 by a sequel, Champagne Babes.
She participated in season 4 of Celebrity Bainisteoir, managing Aughrim GAA Club, Wicklow.
# Indohya gollum

Indohya gollum is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Hyidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2007 by arachnologists Mark Harvey and Erich Volschenk.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in the Kimberley region of North West Australia. The type locality is Nefertiti's Palace (Cave KNI-41) in the Ningbing Range, north of Kununurra in the Ord Victoria Plain bioregion.

## Behaviour

The pseudoscorpions are cave-dwelling terrestrial predators.
# Hop-by-hop transport

Hop-by-hop transport is a principle of controlling the flow of data in a network. With hop-by-hop transport, chunks of data are forwarded from node to node in a store-and-forward manner.
As hop-by-hop transport involves not only the source and destination node, but rather some or all of the intermediate nodes as well, it allows data to be forwarded even if the path between source and destination is not permanently connected during communication.
However, the End-to-end principle claims that transport control should be implemented end-to-end unless implementing hop-by-hop transport achieves considerably better performance. Moreover, hop-by-hop transport requires per-flow state information at intermediate nodes, which limits its scalability. This is one of the reasons why almost all communication today is controlled by end-to-end transport protocols such as TCP.
Current research in the area of sparse mobile networks is considering hop-by-hop transport for application scenarios where end-to-end connectivity is only available intermittently, as under such conditions, hop-by-hop transport can achieve substantial performance gains.
# Ridgway Historic District

The Ridgway Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Ridgway in Elk County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

## History and architectural features

This district includes 726 contributing buildings, one contributing structure, and two contributing objects, and encompasses the historic central business district and surrounding residential neighborhoods. The architecture varies from modest vernacular residences and commercial buildings to spacious and highly detailed homes and business blocks, and a diverse collection of government buildings, churches, and schools.
Located within the district is the Elk County Courthouse and its attached jail.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
# Fridolf Rhudin

Fridolf Rhudin (10 October 1895 – 6 March 1935) was a Swedish actor and comedian.

## Filmography

* Simon of Backabo (1934)
* Secret Svensson (1933)
* Fridolf in the Lion's Den (1933)
* Jolly Musicians (1932)
* Pojkarna på Storholmen (1932)
* Ship Ahoy! (1931)
* The False Millionaire (1931)
* Cavaliers of the Crown (1930)
* Finurliga Fridolf (1929)
* Artificial Svensson (1929)
* Black Rudolf (1928)
* Den Sorglustige barberaren (1927)
* The Ghost Baron (1927)
* The Rivals (1926)
* Mordbrännerskan (1926)
* First Mate Karlsson's Sweethearts (1925)
* För hemmet och flickan (1925)
* Flickan från paradiset (1924)
* The People of Simlang Valley (1924)
* Närkingarna (1923)
* Fröken på Björneborg (1922)
* Körkarlen (1921)
* Värmlänningarna (1921)
* Carolina Rediviva (1920)
* Erotikon (1920)
* Mästerman (1920)
# Maeve O'Donovan

Maeve Ellen O'Donovan, known professionally as Maeve Ellen, is a singer-songwriter from Limerick, Ireland. She was a finalist in the 2006/2007 final on the RTÉ programme You're a Star. She made it to the semi-final. In the final week of the competition, her track, "Landslide", made it into the Irish music charts.
The Irish Rugby Team (coached by her father Niall O'Donovan) pledged their support for her to win the "You're A Star" competition in which she came in third.
In 2014 she opened a coffeehouse in Limerick, Ireland, called 'Cellar Door'.
# Kohlrausch

Kohlrausch may refer to:
* Eduard Kohlrausch (1874–1948), Jurist, Rector of Humboldt University 1932–33
* Ernst Kohlrausch (1850–1923), Sports researcher and film pioneer
* Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Kohlrausch (1840–1910), German physicist noted for research on conductivity of electrolyte solutions, son of Rudolf
* Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Kohlrausch (1780–1867), director of the Royal Hanover General School
* Henriette Kohlrausch (1781–1842), German botanist and naturalist
* Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Kohlrausch (1884–1953), Austrian physicist
* Otto Kohlrausch (1811–1854), German surgeon, son of Heinrich
* Rudolf Kohlrausch (1809–1858), German physicist noted for research on electromagnetism and electromagnetic relaxation phenomena, son of Heinrich
# We Uh Shoot

"We Uh Shoot" is a song by American rapper Polo G featuring American rapper Lil Durk. It was released on August 2, 2024, as the fourth and final single from his fourth studio album, Hood Poet. The song was produced by Southside, TM88, Rozay Knockin, Maschooter, Allen Ritter, Jermaine Elliott, and Von88.

## Critical reception

Quincy of RatingsGameMusic reviewed the song positively, giving "We Uh Shoot" a 4/5 rating and stated: "I love that Polo G and Lil Durk, two poppin’ rappers from Chicago, still have a solid relationship," Quincy then stated that the track first "didn’t quite move me [him]" and that it sounded "outdated". Zachary Horvath of HotNewHipHop say that "We Uh Shoot" is an "aggressive gun-toting track" and praised Lil Durk's performance as a "standout," while saying Polo G's performance "sound[‘s] crisp".

## Lyric video

As of November 15, 2024, "We Uh Shoot" doesn't have an official music video but does, however, have an official lyric video that was uploaded to Polo G's YouTube channel on August 2, 2024. The lyric video currently has 45,000 likes and more than one million views on YouTube as of November 2024.

## Chart performance

In New Zealand, "We Uh Shoot" performed well, on the chart dated August 9, 2024, the song entered the NZ Hot Singles Chart at number 27.

## Charts

Chart performance for "We Uh Shoot" :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 27 |
# Johan Lange (football executive)

Johan Lange (born 22 November 1979) is a Danish sporting director in professional football, he was formerly a manager and coach. He is currently the Technical Director at Tottenham Hotspur in the English Premier League.

## Coaching career

Lange started his coaching career at Danish Superliga side Copenhagen, working as their assistant manager for three and a half years, before departing on 30 June 2012 to join EFL Championship club Wolverhampton Wanderers as assistant manager to Ståle Solbakken.
On 5 January 2013, following a string a poor results, which left Wolves 18th in the Championship - and a FA Cup defeat to non-league Luton Town, Solbakken and his backroom staff were sacked.
On 2 February 2013, Lange was hired as head coach of Lyngby in the Danish 1st Division.

## Transition into other roles

In 2014, Lange was reunited with Solbakken, as he rejoined Copenhagen as development director, the role changing to Technical Director within the same season. In this role he became known for his apparent knack of signing players for a low cost, then later selling them at great profit to Europe's elite clubs, all whilst Copenhagen continued to win trophies domestically and compete in the UEFA Champions League.
On 30 July 2020, Lange joined Premier League team Aston Villa as Sporting Director. Following Aston Villa's survival from relegation the previous season, and subsequent departure of Jesus Garcia Pitarch as Sporting Director, Lange was tasked with helping build a team that would challenge at the top half of the Premier League, rather than battle against relegation. The signings of Emi Martínez, Matty Cash, Bertrand Traoré, Ollie Watkins and Morgan Sanson as well as Ross Barkley joining on loan from Chelsea helped Aston Villa to achieve that goal, finishing 11th in Lange's first season, spending most of the season in the top half of the table and having not been in serious danger of relegation at any point of the season.
On 16 June 2023, as part of an internal restructuring process, Monchi was named as Aston Villa's President of Football Operations. Lange now assumed the role of "Global Director of Football Development and International Academies".
On 9 October 2023, Lange departed this youth development role at Aston Villa to become Technical Director at Tottenham Hotspur.
# Patkule

Patkule is a village in the Sarkaņi Parish of Madona Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia.
* This Vidzeme location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pat Sin Leng Country Park

Pat Sin Leng Country Park (Chinese: 八仙嶺郊野公園; Jyutping: Baat3 Sin1 Leng5 Gaau1 Je5 Gung1 Jyun2) is a country park in Hong Kong located in the northeastern New Territories. Established on 18 August 1978, the country park covers 3,125 hectares (7,720 acres) of natural terrain. It comprises the Pat Sin Leng mountain range and other spurs, including Wong Leng, Ping Fung Shan, Cloudy Hill and Kwai Tau Leng. Hok Tau Reservoir and Lau Shui Heung Reservoir are also within the country park.

## Ecology

The catchment forests are habitats for avian species such as crested bulbul, Chinese bulbul, hwamei, Oriental magpie robin, Chinese francolin, Japanese quail, common kingfisher, European magpie, crested myna and crows. Also dwelling in woodlands are mammals like Malayan porcupine, Chinese pangolin, masked palm civet, leopard cat and common muntjac.
Lau Shui Heung Reservoir is rimmed by Peking willow and Fortune's keteleeria.

## Spots

Stages nine and ten (ending stages) of the 78-kilometre (48 mi) Wilson Trail traverse the Pat Sin Leng Country Park. The 17.4-kilometre (10.8 mi) section within the park leads from Cloudy Hill to Nam Chung, travelling along the ridges of Wong Leng, Lai Pek Shan and Pat Sin Leng. The view at the top on fine days covers the Plover Cove Reservoir and the urban area of Shenzhen. Other hiking options are the Hok Tau Country Trail and Lau Shui Heung Country Trail.
Sha Lo Tung is an important habitat for dragonflies and damselflies. Ting Kok, a piece of wetland, has been declared a Site of Special Scientific Interest. Yim Tso Ha is one of the largest egretries in Hong Kong.

## External links and references

* ↑ Hok Tau Country Trail Archived 2009-08-01 at the Wayback Machine
* ↑ Lau Shui Heung Country Trail Archived 2009-08-01 at the Wayback Machine
* AFCD Pat Sin Leng
* Initial text based on information provided by the Hong Kong Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), under the provision that the re-dissemination or reproduction is for non-commercial use.
22°29′23″N 114°11′02″E﻿ / ﻿22.4897°N 114.1839°E﻿ / 22.4897; 114.1839