OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Modern Painters

Modern Painters (1843–1860) is a five-volume work by the Victorian art critic John Ruskin, begun when he was 24 years old based on material collected in Switzerland in 1842. Ruskin argues that recent painters emerging from the tradition of the picturesque are superior in the art of landscape to the old masters. The book was primarily written as a defense of the later work of J. M. W. Turner. Ruskin used the book to argue that art should devote itself to the accurate documentation of nature. In Ruskin's view, Turner had developed from early detailed documentation of nature to a later more profound insight into natural forces and atmospheric effects. In this way, Modern Painters reflects "Landscape and Portrait-Painting" (1829) in The Yankee by American art critic John Neal by distinguishing between "things seen by the artist" and "things as they are".
Ruskin added later volumes in subsequent years. Volume two (1846) placed emphasis on symbolism in art, expressed through nature. The second volume was influential on the early development of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. He produced three more volumes, with the fifth and final volume appearing in 1860.
The fifth volume marked the end of the formational and important part of Ruskin's life in which his father had a great influence.
# Mark Ledford

Mark Ledford (March 10, 1960 – November 1, 2004) was an American trumpeter, singer, and guitarist. He was known for his multi-instrumentalism and his membership in the Pat Metheny Group.

## Music career

Ledford grew up in Detroit and attended Berklee College of Music between 1978 and 1982. After he graduated, he took a job in advertising while doing session work with Stephanie Mills, Jon Hendricks, Special EFX, Michael Brecker, Kevin Eubanks, Don Byron, Living Colour, Prince, and Bill Evans. He would later contribute to the soundtracks for the Spike Lee films Mo' Better Blues and Do the Right Thing.
In 1986, he began a working relationship with Pat Metheny, appearing live with the Pat Metheny Group and on numerous recordings, including the Grammy award winning albums Secret Story and Still Life (Talking). He worked with Bobby McFerrin's a cappella group, Circle, and he played in Joe Locke's Storytelling Band.
Between 1990 and 1992, Ledford taught master classes in trumpet at the Banff Centre in Alberta, Canada. In 1998, he released a solo album, Miles 2 Go, a tribute to Miles Davis.
On November 1, 2004, Ledford died of heart failure in Los Angeles.

## Discography

With Uri Caine
* Love Fugue: Robert Schumann (Winter & Winter, 2000)
With Faith Evans
* Faith (Bad Boy, 1995)
With Joe Locke
* Longing (Timeless, 1990)
* Storytelling (Sirocco, 2001)
With Pat Metheny Group
* Still Life (Talking) (Geffen, 1987)
* We Live Here (Geffen, 1995)
* Imaginary Day (Warner Bros., 1997)
With Pat Metheny
* Secret Story (Geffen, 1992)
With The Rippingtons
* Black Diamond (Windham Hill, 1997)
With Special EFX
* Global Village (GRP, 1992)
With Eliane Elias
* A Long Story (Manhattan, 1991)
# Gordon Avenue Historic District

The Gordon Avenue Historic District in Thomasville, Georgia is a 24 acres (9.7 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. Its five contributing buildings are houses on large lots on Gordon Avenue, an avenue which radiates to the southeast of the center of Thomasville. The properties are the two lots before Junius Street and the three lots after, on the right, when heading south on Gordon, at numbers 924, 936, 1008, 1012, and 1104. The first two are Classical Revival buildings with monumental porticos having Doric columns.
The properties were deemed significant for the architecture of the buildings, for the landscaping of the properties, and for its local history. It was asserted that Gordon Avenue was, in the late 1800s, "a popular street for driving carriages and bicycles, rivaling Paradise Park and Pinetree Boulevard in the beauty of its wooded areas."
Note, the Gordon Avenue Apartments at 424 Gordon Ave. was also listed on the NRHP, in 1983.
# Mena Commercial Historic District

The Mena Commercial Historic District encompasses the historic downtown area of Mena, Arkansas, the county seat of Polk County in western Arkansas. The district extends along Mena Street between Port Arthur and Gillham Avenues, extending a short way to the south on Sherwood Avenue, opposite the railroad tracks for which the town's existence is responsible. Mena was founded as a major railroad service town for the Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad, as its site was located midway between Port Arthur, Texas and Kansas City, Missouri. The railroad located a major service yard here, and the town grew up around it. Most of its commercial center was developed between 1896 and 1940, with a variety of one and two-story commercial brick buildings in typical early 20th-century styles. The district, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009, includes four properties previously listed separately: the railroad station, Mena City Hall (a repurposed 1917 post office building), the former Elks Lodge, and the former Studebaker Showroom.
* Historic buildings in Mena
* Historic buildings in Mena
* Historic buildings in Mena
# Sal Madrid

Salvator Madrid (June 9, 1920 – February 24, 1977) was a shortstop in Major League Baseball. He played for the Chicago Cubs.
Madrid played for the Tulsa Oilers in the Texas League before being called up to the Major Leagues in 1947. He made his Major League debut on September 17, 1947 against the New York Giants at Wrigley Field. Madrid managed only three hits in 24 at bats over eight games with the Cubs. When asked in a radio interview why he was struggling so badly at the Major League level, Madrid reportedly said that it was "too damn hot" in the Texas League and the heat had made him "too damn weak."
Madrid was inducted into the Northeast Indiana Baseball Hall of Fame in 1970.
# Great Falls Portage

The Great Falls Portage is the route taken by the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1805 to portage around the Great Falls of the Missouri River during the outbound portion of the expedition. The 18-mile (29 km) portage took 31 days. Two portions of the route, which have largely escaped development, are part of a National Historic Landmark District, designated in 1966 to commemorate this achievement.

## History

The 1804–1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition was the first major incursion of English-speaking white men into the northwestern American plains. Ascending the Missouri River, the party reached the Great Falls area on June 13, 1805. Having been forewarned of the falls' existence by the Hidatsa with whom they had overwintered, an advance team led by Meriwether Lewis scouted the extent of the falls, which then consisted of a series of cascades extending beyond what is now the city of Great Falls. Many of these have since been dammed to produce hydroelectric power, and some are hemmed in by the city.
The route selected by Clark began with an ascent of over 1 mile (1.6 km) up what is now called Belt Creek, about 1 mile below present-day Morony Dam. From there, the expedition boats were carried overland on crude wagons constructed by the team overland to a site near the White Bear Islands, south of the modern city. The expedition's largest boat, a pirogue, was left at Belt Creek. The team celebrated Independence Day at the upper camp, and departed upstream on July 15, having constructed two additional canoes to compensate for the loss of the boat.

## Landmarked areas

Two separate portions of the expedition portage route form part of the National Historic Landmark District designated in 1966. At the lower end of the portage, the area on the east bank of the river where the party made camp (approximately 47°36′15.3″N 111°02′43.7″W﻿ / ﻿47.604250°N 111.045472°W﻿ / 47.604250; -111.045472﻿ (Lower camp)) is included, as is the portage route up Belt Creek, continuing for about 8 miles (13 km) across what are now mainly agricultural fields. Also included in this section is Sulphur Spring, located above the west bank of the river opposite the mouth of Belt Creek. Water from this source, reputed to have curative powers, was used to treat Sacagawea, who had fallen seriously ill at the camp. This entire area is privately owned, and is difficult to access by land.
The other element of the portage that is landmarked is the last 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of the route, extending from Mount Olivet Cemetery to the White Bear Islands area (approximately 47°27′34.7″N 111°17′57.4″W﻿ / ﻿47.459639°N 111.299278°W﻿ / 47.459639; -111.299278﻿ (Upper camp)). At the time of the expedition there were three White Bear Islands; one has since become attached to the western shore by silting action, and the actual camp site was probably some way east of the current eastern bank. The land in this area is also privately owned but is crossed by public roads.
In May 2008 the National Trust for Historic Preservation listed the site on their list of America's Most Endangered Places due to a proposed coal-fired power plant in the vicinity.
# Wooster School

Wooster School is a private, co-educational, college-preparatory school (grades 5 through 12) in Danbury, Connecticut. It is a member of the Connecticut Association of Independent Schools.

## Overview

The Wooster School motto is Ex Quoque Potestate, Cuique Pro Necessitate, roughly, "From each according to ability, to each according to need". Founded in 1926 as a boys' school of 10 students by Episcopal priest Dr. Aaron Coburn, it is named for General David Wooster, who fought at the Battle of Ridgefield with the Patriots in the American Revolution. The school continues the legacy of the jobs program, in which the entire student body engages in a daily period dedicated to cleaning and physically maintaining the campus.
Girls were first admitted to the school in the fall of 1970. In 1990, Wooster School transitioned from being a boarding school, as it had been since its inception, to being a day school.

### 21st-century changes

Since 2000, one of the National Association of Episcopal Schools' top two educator awards is named for former Wooster School head John D. Verdery.
From 2001 to 2004, Wooster School made some improvements to its physical plant, notably the addition of a new gymnasium and a distinct Middle School building.

## Tuition

Wooster offers a program of variable tuition to families unable to pay full tuition. Full tuition for the 2023-2024 academic year was as follows:
| Grade 5 | $33,210 |
| Grade 6 | $37,160 |
| Grade 7 | $38,670 |
| Grade 8 | $40,260 |
| Grades 9 - 12 | $43,920 |
| The Pathways Program | $51,920 |
| The Bridge Program | $62,130 |

## Notable alumni

* Tracy Chapman—folk singer and guitarist
* Andrew Stevovich—painter
* Cyrus Mehri—trial attorney
* Zachary Cole Smith—singer
* Neil Rudenstine—president of Harvard University
# Mickey Keenan

Michael Keenan (born 5 April 1956) is a Northern Irish retired goalkeeper. He was successful with Portadown during the 1990s and early 2000s, where he won four league titles and several cup winner medals, as well as being named the Ulster Footballer of the Year for the 2001–02 season.
He played for Oldham Athletic, Newry Town, Ards, and Lisburn Distillery. In 2002, he became the oldest person to play in the UEFA Champions League when Portadown took part in a qualifying round against FC Belshina Bobruisk. After retiring as a player, Mickey returned to Newry as a goalkeeping coach and is now currently first team coach at Newry City.
# Sisson Rock

Sisson Rock (Bulgarian: скала Сисън, romanized: skala Sisson, IPA:) is the rock off the north coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica 65 m (213 ft) long in west-east direction and 37 m (121 ft) wide, and split in three. Its surface area is 0.08 ha (0.20 acres). The vicinity was visited by early 19th century sealers.
The feature is named after Jonathan Sisson (1690–1747), a British instrument maker who invented the modern theodolite for surveying; in association with other names in the area deriving from the early development or use of geodetic instruments and methods.

## Location

Sisson Rock is located at 62°33′57″S 61°08′52″W﻿ / ﻿62.56583°S 61.14778°W﻿ / -62.56583; -61.14778, which is 2.26 km northeast of Essex Point, 800 m west of Window Island and 1.5 km north of Voyteh Point, according to mapping in 2009 and 2017.
# Kalinga Literary Festival

The Kalinga Literary Festival (Hindi:कलिंग साहित्य उत्सव), also known as KLF, is an International literary festival which takes place annually in the Indian city Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Rashmi Ranjan Parida is the founder director of the festival. The festival confers KLF Book Awards and three literary awards, which are Kalinga Literary Award, Kalinga International Literary Award, Kalinga Karubaki Award, annually to the noted Indian writers.

## Timeline

The festival was started in 2014 with the aim of promoting Odia language, literature, and culture. The festival has been founded by journalist-writer Rashmi Ranjan Parida. Other team members include Prachee Naik and Sitansu Mahapatra.
Second Kalinga Literary Festival was held in 2015 with the theme of 'Literature as Reflection'. The key sessions focused on topics including Romanticism and contemporary literature, Feminism in contemporary Literature, Parallel Cinema and contemporary Literature, Dalit & Tribal Literature, Media, Medium, Message & Literature, Bhasa Sahitya Vs English Literature and the inter-related issues.
The third KLF edition was held for two days on 18 and 19 June 2016. It featured over 100 speakers. Some of the notable speakers were Piyush Mishra, Arif Mohammad Khan, Rahul Pandita, Haraprasad Das, Subrat Kumar Prusty. The festival had a session on youth, language and emotions in features speakers including Satyanand Nirupam, Vineet Kumar, Kedar Mishra, Sangam Lahiri, Arundhathi Subramaniam and Sujit Mohapatra
Fourth edition was launched on 10 June 2017, inaugurated by Sitakant Mahapatra and Ramakanta Rath. The main theme of the edition was "Literature for Peace and Harmony". It focused on whether literature has a role in promoting peace and harmony. The three days event (10 to 12 June) featured over 200 speakers including Bhalchandra Nemade, H. S. Shivaprakash, Kedarnath Singh, Haraprasad Das, Anand Neelakantan, Maitreyi Pushpa and Pratibha Ray. Two literary awards were introduced in this edition: Kalinga Karubaki Award and Kalinga International Literary Award.
The fifth edition was launched in 2018, and held between 8 and 10 June, featuring over 300 speakers including Amish Tripathi, Ramendra Kumar, Pavan Varma, Jayanta Mahapatra, Ramakanta Rath, Gourahari Das. Other events including Mystic Kalinga Multi-lingual Poetry Sessions were also held in this edition.
The sixth edition was held from 19 to 21 July 2019, featuring over 250 speakers. The main theme of this edition was "Gandhi's Idea of India: Truth, Non-Violence, Harmony" and it focused on Gandhian ideology. Some of the notable speakers were Namita Gokhale, Anand Neelakantan, Anu Choudhury, and Rashmi Bansal.

## Activities

During COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, KLF launched KLF Bhava Samvad webinar series which completed 300 sessions in September 2021. The festival confers three awards, Kalinga International Literary Award, Kalinga Literary Award, and Kalinga Karubaki Award, annually to the noted Indian writer.

## KLF Kathmandu

Kalinga Literary Festival started Kathmandu edition from 2022 with the aim of promoting Nepali language, literature, and culture.
# David Kirkcaldie

David Kirkcaldie (December 1848 – 5 September 1909) was a Scots-born railway executive in New South Wales.

## History

Kirkcaldie was born near Leven, or Kirkcaldy, in Fifeshire Scotland. At age 13 he entered the service of the North British Railway Company, or Leven and East of Fife Railway, and remained in that service for 15 years. He had the opportunity for promotion to the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, Bombay (present-day Mumbai), but was afraid the weather would not be healthy for him, so instead emigrated Australia, joining the New South Wales Railway service in 1876 as a clerk in the office of the Chief Traffic Manager for the Western and Southern lines. Three years later he was promoted to chief clerk in that section, then assistant traffic manager for the Southern and Western lines under William Vero Read (died 1922). In 1889 the office was made redundant by the opening of a bridge over the Hawkesbury River; Read was made Railways Secretary in place of Donald Vernon (1839–1891), and Kirkcaldie was promoted to Chief Traffic Manager. He was appointed one of two Railway Commissioners (the other being W. M. Fehon) under Chief Commissioner C. N. J. Oliver in 1897. In 1901 both Fehon and Kirkcaldie were offered the position of Chief Commissioner of Victorian Railways, and extracted from Parliament a £500 pay rise from £1500 to £2000 p.a. to keep them in NSW. Tense relations between Oliver and Kirkcaldie led to a royal commission, resulting in the three-commissioner system being replaced by two commissioners, with Kirkcaldie (at £1500) as assistant to Tom Richard Johnson.
He died following an operation for appendicitis, and his remains were buried at St Thomas' Anglican Church, Enfield, New South Wales.

## Family

Kirkcaldie married Alice Angela Mountain (died 29 September 1933) on 8 June 1884; they had three daughters.
* Katherine Vida Kirkcaldie (born 2 June 1885) was Army nurse during WWI
* Rosa Angela Kirkcaldie (born 3 June 1887 – 4 August 1892) also Army nurse during WWI
* Grace Dymphna Kirkcaldie (28 December 1888 – 3 March 1979) married Alec D. Ellis in London on 20 August 1918
They had a home "Teryawynia", Bridge Street, Homebush
# Ben Hay Martindale

Ben Hay Martindale C.B. (1 October 1824 – 26 May 1904) was a British public servant who acted in several managerial positions in the young colony of New South Wales, where he was known as "Captain Martindale".

## History

Martindale was born in London, son of Benjamin Martindale, of Martindale, Westmorland. He was educated at Rugby School and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, then in 1843 received a commission as second lieutenant with the Royal Engineers at Chatham Dockyard, later at Woolwich. Other postings followed, culminating in 1856 with his appointment as captain under the Inspector-general of Fortifications, London.
Appointed by Governor Denison, on 22 July 1857 he replaced Captain Mann as Chief Commissioner of Railways for New South Wales, there being three Commissioners forming the board of control, then after a change in the Government Railways Act he was, on 28 December 1858, appointed sole Commissioner for Railways at the head of an Executive Council. He was also made Commissioner for Roads, Superintendent of Electric Telegraphs and, briefly, Commissioner for Internal Communications.
One of his first observations was the inconvenient location of the terminal station, and in his first report, dated 22 October 1857, he recommended extending the railway into the city or, at least, construction of a tramway to Circular Quay. He also recommended extending the line into Hyde Park from Redfern, and make that the terminal station.
In January 1861 Martindale resigned and returned to England, and resumed a busy public life. In 1873 he was appointed general manager of the London Dock Company, controlling London Docks and St Katharine Docks, and was later made a director. He was also a director of the City of London Electric Lighting Company. He was made a C.B. in 1871.
He died at his residence, "Weston Lodge", Albury, Surrey, England.
His successors as Commissioner for Railways were John Rae 1861–1878 and Charles Goodchap 1878–1888.

## Personal

Martindale married Mary Elizabeth Knocker (died 1902); they had at least two sons.
# 1897 Tennessee Volunteers football team

The 1897 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1897 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The 1897 Volunteers were the fifth official Tennessee team to take the field. This was also their second season in the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA). They played five games and won four.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 15 | King (TN)* | Baldwin ParkKnoxville, TN | W 28–0 |
| October 23 | Williamsburg (KY)* | Baldwin ParkKnoxville, TN | W 6–0 |
| November 8 | North Carolina* | Baldwin ParkKnoxville, TN | L 0–16 |
| November 25 | VPI* | Roanoke, VA | W 18–0 |
| November 26 | at Bristol Athletic Club* | Bristol, TN | W 12–0 |
| *Non-conference game |||||
# Zhou Shengtao

Zhou Shengtao (Chinese: 周声涛; born April 1944) is a Chinese politician who served as party branch secretary of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives [zh] from 2002 to 2007. He was a member of the 14th CCP Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. He was an alternate member of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress.

## Biography

Zhou was born in Dongtai County, Jiangsu, in April 1944. He secondary studied at Anfeng High School. In 1962, he entered Nanjing Normal University, majoring in mathematics. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in May 1966, when he was about to graduate.
After University in 1967, he was assigned to the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, where he was eventually elevated to secretary of its Discipline Inspection Commission in April 1987. He was appointed secretary of Discipline Inspection Commission of CCP Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee in March 1991 and was admitted to member of the Standing Committee of the CCP Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee, the region's top authority. He was made deputy party secretary of Xinjiang in February 1996, concurrently serving as secretary of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Political and Legal Affairs Commission since April 1998.
In September 2002, he was transferred to Beijing and appointed party branch secretary of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives [zh]. He also served as executive deputy director of the Council between February 2003 and March 2010. In March 2008, he was chosen as vice chairperson of the National People's Congress Ethnic Affairs Committee, serving in the post until his retirement in March 2013.
# Magne Myrmo

Magne Gunnbjørn Myrmo (born 30 July 1943) is a former Norwegian cross-country skier who competed during the 1970s. He won a silver medal at the 1972 Winter Olympics in the 50 km. Myrmo won two medals at the 1974 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Falun with a gold in the 15 km and a bronze in the 4 × 10 km relay.
A major equipment revolution in cross-country skiing took place during 1973-74 where fiberglass skis (and later from more complex composite materials) replaced a nearly 3,000 year tradition of skis constructed of wood. The Norwegians were behind their competitors in this transition, which caught up with them at the 1974 championships in Falun. Myrmo won the 15 km less than a second ahead of East Germany's Gerhard Grimmer, who was using fiberglass skis, and it became historic, as the last world champion on wooden skis.
His biggest successes were at the Holmenkollen ski festival where Myrmo won twice at 15 km (1970 and 1972) and once at the 50 km (1974). Myrmo earned the Holmenkollen medal in 1972 (shared with Rauno Miettinen), and was named the 1974 Norwegian Athlete of the Year. After retiring from competitions he coached the national women's cross country team from 1978 to 1980.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

* 1 medal – (1 silver)
| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1972 | 28 | 19 | 21 | Silver | — |
| 1976 | 32 | 55 | 23 | — | — |

### World Championships

* 2 medals – (1 gold, 1 bronze)
| Year | Age | 15 km | 30 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1970 | 26 | — | 7 | 14 | — |
| 1974 | 30 | Gold | 17 | 11 | Bronze |
| 1978 | 34 | — | 23 | — | — |