OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abdul Halim (Indonesia)

Abdul Halim (27 December 1911 – 4 July 1987) was an Indonesian politician, who served as the 4th prime minister of Indonesia.

## Family and education

Abdul Halim was born on 27 December 1911, in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, to Achmad St. Mangkuto and Hj. Darama. At the age of 7, Abdullah, his mother's cousin, who at that time was one of the leaders of Bataafsche Petroleum Maatscappij (BPM – now known as Pertamina) took him to Jakarta in order to obtain a better education. Halim attended HIS, MULO, AMS B and Geneeskundige Hogeschool (medical school) in Jakarta.

## Career

Abdul Halim was involved in various activities, from the politics to education to sports. He was the fourth Prime Minister of the Republic of Indonesia during the period January 1950 – September 1950. He was also the first Minister of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia (September 1950 in the Natsir Cabinet). Halim also made a contribution in the establishment of the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI) in Central Sumatra, together with Johannes Leimena and Mohammad Natsir. As a doctor, Abdul Halim was the director of RSUP (now Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, or RSCM) from July 1951 until July 1961, and worked as Inspector General until his death on 4 July 1987.
Away from politics, Halim, who had a hobby playing football, was involved in the formation of the Voetbalbond Indonesische Jacatra team (now Persija) in 1928, and was the Chairman of VIJ (Persija) for several years. From 1951 to 1955 he was Vice Chairman and then Chairman of the Olympic Committee of Indonesia (KOI). Halim was appointed chairman of the National IKADA Foundation to build the Ikada Stadium Merdeka Field, Central Jakarta. In 1952 he led the first Indonesian contingent to participate in the Olympics.
# Time to first byte

Time to first byte (TTFB) is a measurement used as an indication of the responsiveness of a webserver or other network resource.
TTFB measures the duration from the user or client making an HTTP request to the first byte of the page being received by the client's browser. This time is made up of the socket connection time, the time taken to send and the time taken to get the first byte of the page. Although sometimes misunderstood as a post-DNS calculation, the original calculation of TTFB in networking always includes network latency in measuring the time it takes for a resource to begin loading. Often, a smaller (faster) TTFB size is seen as a benchmark of a well-configured server application. For example, a lower time to first byte could point to fewer dynamic calculations being performed by the webserver, although this is often due to caching at either the DNS, server, or application level. More commonly, a very low TTFB is observed with statically served web pages, while larger TTFB is often seen with larger, dynamic data requests being pulled from a database.

## Uses in web development

Time to first byte is important to a webpage since it indicates pages that load slowly due to server-side calculations that might be better served as client-side scripting. Often this includes simple scripts and calculations like transitioning images that are not gifs and are transitioned using JavaScript to modify their transparency levels. This can often speed up a website by downloading multiple smaller images through sockets instead of one large image. However this technique is more intensive on the client's computer and on older PCs can slow the webpage down when actually rendering.

## Importance

TTFB is often used by web search engines like Google and Yahoo to improve search rankings since a website will respond to the request faster and be usable before other websites would be able to. There are downsides to this metric since a web-server can send only the first part of the header before the content is even ready to send to reduce their TTFB. While this may seem deceptive it can be used to inform the user that the webserver is in fact active and will respond with content shortly. There are several reasons why this deception is useful, including that it causes a persistent connection to be created, which results in fewer retry attempts from a browser or user since it has already received a connection and is now preparing for the content download.

## TTFB vs load time

Load time is how long it takes for a webpage to be loaded and usable by a browser. Often in web page delivery a page is compressed in the Gzip format to make the size of the download smaller. This practice prevents the first byte from being sent until the compression is complete and increases the TTFB significantly. TTFB can go from 100–200 ms to 1000–20000 ms, but the page will load much faster and be ready for the user in a much smaller amount of time. Many websites see a common 5–10× increase in TTFB but a much faster browser response time garnering 20% load-time decrease.
# L'Esprit Nouveau

L'Esprit Nouveau (transl. The New Spirit) was a magazine founded by architect Le Corbusier, poet Paul Dermée, and painter Amédée Ozenfant in 1920.

## Content

The journal published a total of 28 editions between October 1920 and January 1925, addressing a broad range of topics including architecture, urbanism, painting, literature, cinema, sciences, and sports, all in the context of exploring and defining modernity. The first three issues were subtitled "Revue Internationale d'Esthétique". From the fourth issue onward, the subtitle changed to "Revue Internationale Illustrée de l'Activité Contemporaine."
The articles written by Le Corbusier for L'Esprit Nouveau comprise a number of those appearing in his seminal 1923 book Toward an Architecture.

## Publication issues

Although advertised as such, L'Esprit Nouveau was not published on a consistent monthly basis. While it aimed to maintain regular publication, the journal's schedule was irregular due to various challenges, including financial and organizational difficulties. Its publication pace varied, with some periods of delay or interruption. For example, there was a notable hiatus in publication during parts of its run, such as from late 1922 to December 1923. This irregularity reflected the financial and logistical struggles that many avant-garde journals faced during that era.

## Reasons for decline

The publication of L'Esprit Nouveau ceased in January 1925 due to a combination of factors:
* Financial Difficulties: Like many avant-garde journals of the time, L'Esprit Nouveau faced significant financial constraints. Maintaining such a multidisciplinary and ambitious publication required substantial resources, and the limited audience for its specialized content made it difficult to sustain.
* Internal Conflicts: Tensions among the journal’s founders—Paul Dermée, Amédée Ozenfant, and Le Corbusier—also contributed to its challenges. These tensions led to Dermée's departure as co-director early in the journal’s run, though he later returned as a contributor.
* Declining Relevance and Audience: By the mid-1920s, the avant-garde landscape in France had shifted, with movements like Surrealism rising to prominence. L'Esprit Nouveau’s emphasis on rationalism, purism, and the aesthetics of modernity may have seemed less compelling to a readership increasingly drawn to the more provocative and imaginative ethos of Surrealism.
* Broader Shifts in the Founders’ Focus:
** Le Corbusier became increasingly invested in his architectural and urban planning projects, publishing influential works like Vers une Architecture (1923) and Urbanisme (1924).
** Ozenfant also pursued his work as a painter and theorist.
The final issue of L'Esprit Nouveau (No. 28) was published in January 1925, and while the journal ended, its influence persisted, particularly in shaping modernist aesthetics and thought.
# André Romain Prévot

André-Romain Prévot (born in Douai, Nord on 22 July 1894, died in Clamart, Hauts-de-Seine on 21 November 1982) was a French bacteriologist. He authored a classification of bacteria, gave his name to a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, prevotella, and created in 1978 the médaille Pasteur of Académie des Sciences of France.
In 1914 as the war started, he was assigned as an auxiliary physician in Infanterie; he knew the life in the trenches, the murderous battles of the Chemin des Dames, and the hell of Verdun where his heroic conduct earned him the Croix de Guerre. This constant communion with suffering and death influenced his taste and directed him toward the medicine to which he devoted himself.
After the armistice, he was released and evacuated to Denmark, where the exchange of medical prisoners took place. It was there that he met a medical student, Anna Sorensen, whom he married in 1919. They stayed together all their lives and had four children.
He was elected member of Académie des Sciences on 28 January 1963, member of IVe Section de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine in 1966, Officier de la Légion d'Honneur, and Grand Officier du Mérite National.
# Aircraft Ship Integrated Secure and Traverse

The Aircraft Ship Integrated Secure and Traverse (ASIST) system is a shipboard helicopter landing system developed by Canadian company Indal Technologies (now part of US conglomerate Curtiss-Wright). ASIST completed sea trials by July 31, 1992, and production units are in operation with the Chilean Navy, Republic of Singapore Navy, Turkish Navy and United States Navy.

## Mode of Operation

The ASIST system employs a sophisticated electro-optic tracking system which detects a laser beacon-equipped helicopter. The system tracks the helicopter and provide real time helicopter position simultaneously via visual cues to the pilot. A computer-controlled rapid securing device will also be driven by the position data to track the helicopter at low hover. Once the system has detected that the helicopter has landed on the deck, the securing device automatically approaches the helicopter and secures it. The securing device and traversing system are then used to align the helicopter with the deck tracks and manoeuvre it into a hangar, all without the need for manned intervention. All ASIST electrical and mechanical systems are modular and are housed in the hangar or below deck level to minimize space and weight requirements.
# Submarine branching unit

A submarine branching unit is a piece of equipment used inline within submarine telecommunications cable systems to allow the cable to split to serve more than one destination. For example, one branch might head for a cable landing point and others may continue.
There are several methods by which the split can be effected, which can also depend on the type of cable system:
* Purely electrical systems (now almost obsolete) can be split by either:
** Physically separating the signal cables so some go in one direction and some in another, which requires no additional power.
** Using an add-drop multiplexer to direct the signals down one path or the other. The electrical equipment that acts as the add-drop multiplexer will need powering.
* Optical fibre cable systems can be split by either:
** Physically separating the signal-carrying fibres so some go in one direction and some in another, which requires no additional power.
** Converting the optically carried signals to electrical signals, using an add-drop multiplexer to divide and recombine the signals on the desired paths, the reconverting back to optically carried signals. This signal conversion and multiplexing equipment will require power.
** Using a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer to direct optical carrier frequencies down desired paths. The power requirements of optical multiplexing in this manner will be lower than the previous method.
In both types of cable system, more than one technique can be used simultaneously.
The conventional symbol used for a submarine branching unit in maps of cable routes is a small equilateral triangle with (usually) one vertex pointing towards the top of the map.
# LaNell Williams

LaNell Williams (born January 1, 1993) is an American physicist and virologist. She is the third African American woman to pursue a PhD in physics from Harvard University. She founded the Women+ of Color Project, which helps women of color gain the resources to apply to graduate programs as well as giving advice about life as a graduate student. Her research focuses on the self assembly of the virus, bacteriophage MS2.

## Early life and education

Williams was born in Memphis, Tennessee. She attended high school at City University School of Liberal Arts, graduating in 2011. She completed a bachelor's degree in physics at Wesleyan University in 2015. Williams was awarded a NSF-GRFP in 2016 to fund her graduate research at an accredited U.S. institution. She joined the Fisk-Vanderbilt Master's to PhD Bridge Program where she was a dual student at Fisk University and Vanderbilt University. She earned a Master's degree at Fisk University in 2017. Williams continued on to become the third African American woman to attend Harvard University for a graduate degree where she studied under Professor Vinothan N. Manoharan.

## Career

She currently works on understanding the life cycle of viruses from the physics perspective in the Manoharan Lab at Harvard University. Her research is on the self assembly of the bacteriophage MS2 virus where she focuses on why these systems are able to survive without external interactions by looking at multiple ways a virus can assemble itself; her research falls under soft condensed matter physics.

### Science advocacy

Williams founded the Women+ of Color Project (W+OCP) in 2019 to raise the diversity in the graduate application process for under-represented racial minority women and nonbinary individuals. This project was created to help women of color learn and share experiences about applying and surviving in graduate school. In the first year, the program had 20 participants and in 2020 there were 50 active participants who met virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This program allowed African American, Latinx, and Native American individuals to learn about the graduate school application and admission process to improve the applicant pool for under-represented racial minority women and nonbinary groups. She continued her activism work by being a co-organizer in #BlackinPhysics week in 2020, which highlighted and celebrated Black physicists. Starting January 2021, Williams serves on the American Physical Society's Board of Directors.

## Honors

In 2011, to recognize her academic excellence and achievements within the community, she was presented with a Resolution that dubbed August 16 'LaNell Williams Day' in Memphis. This day acknowledged her work within the Memphis community as a volunteer for multiple organizations from Children's Museum of Memphis to Books to Birth; it also recognized her academic awards and honors which included the Academic All-Star Award from Cellular South to receiving the Sam Walton Scholarship, and being a member of the National Honors Society.
# Cole Van Lanen

Cole Thomas Van Lanen (born April 23, 1998) is an American professional football offensive guard for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Wisconsin.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 4+1⁄4 in (1.94 m) | 305 lb (138 kg) | 33+3⁄8 in (0.85 m) | 9+3⁄4 in (0.25 m) | 5.07 s | 1.70 s | 2.95 s | 4.64 s | 7.34 s | 30.0 in (0.76 m) | 8 ft 11 in (2.72 m) | 22 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Green Bay Packers

On May 1, 2021, Van Lanen was selected 214th overall by the Green Bay Packers in the 2021 NFL draft. On May 13, 2021, Packers signed Van Lanen to a four-year rookie deal. On August 31, 2021, Packers released Van Lanen as part of their final roster cuts. He was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was elevated to the active roster on December 18 ahead of a week 15 game against Baltimore Ravens. On January 25, 2022, he signed a reserve/future contract with the Packers.

### Jacksonville Jaguars

On August 24, 2022, Van Lanen was traded to the Jacksonville Jaguars for a seventh-round draft pick.
# 1985 Eastern Washington Eagles football team

The 1985 Eastern Washington Eagles football team represented Eastern Washington University in the 1985 NCAA Division I-AA football season. This was the Eagles' second season in Division I-AA, having moved up from Division II after 1983, and participated as an independent until joining the Big Sky Conference in 1987. They played their home games at Joe Albi Stadium in nearby Spokane.
Led by seventh-year head coach Dick Zornes, the Eagles went 8–2 in the regular season and earned the program's first Division I-AA playoff bid. They traveled and defeated Big Sky champion Idaho in the first round, avenging a 21-point loss four weeks earlier, then lost by three points in the quarterfinals at Northern Iowa.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 7 | Chico State | | Joe Albi StadiumSpokane, WA | W 28–3 | 2,122 |
| September 14 | at Weber State | | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 31–19 | |
| September 21 | at Montana State | | Reno H. Sales StadiumBozeman, MT | W 28–23 | 11,293 |
| September 28 | Northern Arizona | | Joe Albi StadiumSpokane, WA | W 33–0 | 7,614 |
| October 5 | Fort Lewis | | Joe Albi StadiumSpokane, WA | W 35–24 | 2,326 |
| October 12 | at No. 11 Nevada | No. 10 | Mackay StadiumReno, NV | L 25–31 | 9,650 |
| October 19 | at Long Beach State | No. 17 | Veterans StadiumLong Beach, CA | W 30–23 | 9,605 |
| November 2 | at No. 8 Idaho | No. T–9 | Kibbie DomeMoscow, ID | L 21–42 | 15,500 |
| November 16 | Montana | No. T–13 | Joe Albi StadiumSpokane, WA (rivalry) | W 52–19 | 1,975 |
| November 23 | at Idaho State | No. 11 | ASISU MiniDomePocatello, ID | W 42–21 | |
| November 30 | at No. 5 Idaho | No. 11 | Kibbie DomeMoscow, ID (NCAA Division I-AA First Round) | W 42–38 | 6,500 |
| December 7 | at No. 4 Northern Iowa | No. 11 | UNI-DomeCedar Falls, IA (NCAA Division I-AA Quarterfinal) | L 14–17 | 6,220 |
| Rankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the game |||||||
# Demobbed (1944 film)

Demobbed is a 1944 British comedy film directed by John E. Blakeley and starring Norman Evans, Nat Jackley, Gus McNaughton and Dan Young. It was written by Roney Parsons and Anthony Toner from an original story by Julian Cantor and Max Zorlini.

## Plot

A group of demobbed ex-soldiers find work at a company that makes scientific instruments. When things start to go missing, Norma, a company secretary, enlists their help in tracking down the thieves.

## Cast

* Norman Evans as Norman
* Nat Jackley as Nat
* Dan Young as Dan
* Betty Jumel as Betty
* Tony Dalton as Billy Brown
* Jimmy Plant as Graham
* George Merritt as James Bentley
* Fred Kitchen as Black
* Arthur Hambling as Curtis
* Gus McNaughton as Capt. Gregson
* Marianne Lincoln as Marianne
* Anne Firth as Norma Deane
* Neville Mapp as John Bentley
* Webster Booth as himself
* Anne Ziegler as herself
* Sydney Bromley as BBC announcer
* Kay Lewis as Norman Evan's partner
* Freddie Watts as landlord of the Red Lion
* Edgar Driver as the bookie
* Noel Dainton as Police Inspector
* Marjorie Gresley as the mother
* Angela Glynne as the child

## Critical reception

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "The film might prove amusing to those who like music-hall turns, an Hawaiian dance being quite funny, but during some of the other acts the humour is so grotesque as to make one feel quite uncomfortable."
Kine Weekly wrote: "Rowdy, good-humonured musical comedy burlesque covering the hectic misadventures of four crazy ex-privates in Civvy Street. There is not much of a plot, but the principal comedians make a lively and versatile team, the well-timed music and dance-hall sequences are bright, the climax carries a kick and the technical presentation is above reproach. ... True, the mixture of slapstick, song and music-hall is occasionally rough and ready, but enthusiastic teamwork and first class technical presentation, nevertheless, permit the whole to merge into good-hearted, entertainment-filled comedy burlesque."
TV Guide called it an "Occasionally okay slapstick comedy."
# Škoda 75 mm Model 1936

The Škoda 75 mm Model 1936 (75 mm M.36) was a mountain gun manufactured by Škoda Works, in Czechoslovakia, and a variant was produced in Soviet Union (as the 76 mm mountain gun M1938). Škoda also produced a handful of the 76.2 mm variant. For transport, the gun could be broken down into three sections, and further broken down into ten loads. The gun crew was protected by an armoured shield.
# Dhiyadhoo

Dhiyadhoo (Dhivehi: ދިޔަދޫ) is one of the inhabited islands of Gaafu Alif Atoll.
* This Maldives location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# 1988 Montana Grizzlies football team

The 1988 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana in the 1988 NCAA Division I-AA football season as a member of the Big Sky Conference. The Grizzlies were led by third-year head coach Don Read, played their home games at Washington–Grizzly Stadium and finished the season with a record of eight wins and four losses (8–4, 6–2 Big Sky).

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 3 | Eastern New Mexico* | | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT | W 35–6 | 6,280 |
| September 10 | South Dakota State* | | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT | W 41–16 | 7,602 |
| September 17 | at Idaho State | | ASISU MiniDomePocatello, ID | W 34–7 | 8,109 |
| September 24 | No. 5 Idaho | No. 16 | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT (Little Brown Stein) | W 26–17 | 12,009 |
| October 1 | at No. 10 Nevada | No. 6 | Mackay StadiumReno, NV | L 3–27 | 15,220 |
| October 8 | Eastern Washington | No. 13 | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT (EWU–UM Governors Cup) | W 30–6 | 9,145 |
| October 15 | Northern Arizona | No. 11 | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT | W 33–26 $^{2OT}$ | 11,813 |
| October 22 | at Boise State | No. 12 | Bronco StadiumBoise, ID | L 28–31 | 19,059 |
| October 29 | at Weber State | | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 41–14 | 6,632 |
| November 5 | Montana State | No. 20 | Washington–Grizzly StadiumMissoula, MT (rivalry) | W 17–3 | 15,142 |
| November 12 | at No. 4 (D-II) Portland State* | No. 18 | Civic StadiumPortland, OR | L 0–21 | 13,934 |
| November 26 | at No. 1 Idaho* | No. 16 | Kibbie DomeMoscow ID (NCAA Division I-AA First Round) | L 19–38 | 5,500 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the game |||||||