OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yokosuka K4Y

The Yokosuka K4Y (or Navy Type 90 Seaplane Trainer) was a Japanese floatplane trainer of the 1930s. A single engined two-seat biplane, 211 K4Ys were built between 1933 and 1940, serving as the Imperial Japanese Navy's basic floatplane trainer throughout the Second World War.

## Development and design

In 1930, the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service's basic seaplane trainer was the Yokosuka K1Y or Type 13 Seaplane Trainer, which had been in use from 1925, and it instructed the First Naval Air Technical Arsenal based at Yokosuka to design a replacement. The design team, led by Jiro Saha and Tamefumi Suzuki designed a single-bay biplane with a welded steel-tube fuselage and wooden wings, it being the first Japanese designed aircraft with such a fuselage.
Yokosuka built two prototypes, powered by 90 hp (67 kW) Hatakaze four-cylinder air-cooled inline engines in 1930, flying in 1930, and after successful testing, a version powered by a 130 hp Gasuden Jimpu radial engine was ordered into production as the Navy Type 90 Seaplane trainer, with the short designation K4Y1.

## Operational history

Production began at Watanabe in May 1933, Watanabe building 156 by 1939, with production then transferring to Nippon Hikoki who built a further 53 in 1939–40.
The K4Y1 started to replace the K1Y from 1933, remaining the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service's principal basic seaplane trainer throughout the Pacific war. A few aircraft were released for civilian use.

## Units using this aircraft
### Japan

* Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service

## Specifications (K4Y1 seaplane)

Data from Japanese Aircraft, 1910-1941
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 9.05 m (29 ft 8 in)
* Wingspan: 10.90 m (35 ft 9 in)
* Height: 3.51 m (11 ft 6 in)
* Wing area: 29.5 m$^2$ (318 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 740 kg (1,631 lb)
* Gross weight: 990 kg (2,183 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Gasuden Jimpu 2 seven-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 97 kW (130 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 163 km/h (101 mph, 88 kn) at sea level
* Cruise speed: 93 km/h (58 mph, 50 kn)
* Range: 310 km (200 mi, 170 nmi)
* Endurance: 3 hours 30 min
* Service ceiling: 3,460 m (11,350 ft)
* Time to altitude: 29 min 20 sec to 3,000 m (9,800 ft)
# Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of Puthur

The Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of Puthur (or - Puttur) (also called Puthur of the Syro-Malankars), the first Syro-Malankara Catholic diocese in India's southern Karnataka, is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Syro-Malankara Catholic Archeparchy of Tiruvalla, which depends on the Major Archbishop of Trivandrum, the head of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church (Antiochian Rite Eastern Catholic particular church in Syriac and Malayalam languages), and with it on the Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches.
Its episcopal see is the St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral at Noojibalthila, in Kerala's Puttur taluk. Its headquarters are Catholic Bishop's House, Parladka, P.O. Puttur, 574203, Karnataka.

## Statistics

As per 2015, it pastorally served 2,800 Catholics in 25 parishes with 25 priests (17 diocesan, 8 religious), 33 lay religious (8 brothers, 25 sisters), 6 seminarians. The diocese has 22 churches under it spread across the civil districts of Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, Kodagu, Hassan, Chikmagalur, Mandya, Mysore, Shimoga and Chamarajanagar. There are 36 educational and 4 charitable institutions.

## History

It was established on 25 January 2010 as Eparchy (Diocese) of Puthur / Puttur / Latin adjective Puthuren(sis), on territory split off from the (northern parts of the) territory of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of Bathery, whose Bishop Geevarghese Divannasios Ottathengil was appointed as its first ordinary. He later resigned on January 24, 2017 due to health problems.

## Episcopal Ordinaries

(all native Indians and Syro-Malankar Rite)

### Suffragan Eparchs (Bishops) of Puthur

* Geevarghese Divannasios Ottathengil (2010.01.25 – retired 2017.01.24), died 2018; previously Eparch (Bishop) of mother see Bathery of the Syro-Malankars (India) (1996.11.11 – 2010.01.25)
* George Kalayil (2017.08.05 – ...)
# Temilayo Abodunrin

Temilayo Abodunrin (born 19 November 2009) is a Nigerian saxophonist. She is best known for her Duduke and Jowo cover versions.

## Background

Temilayo Abodunrin hails from Offa in Kwara State, central Nigeria. She has two brothers who also play musical instruments. She attended Parara Music School when her parents found out about her interest in music.

## Career

Temilayo Abodunrin started playing the saxophone at the age of six. She has performed at many concerts sharing the same stage with famous Nigerian artists like Johnny Drille, Tope Alabi, Makayla Malaka, Wole Oni and some others. Temilayo, the multi talented star has also made her debut in the film titled "The Weight" written by Tope Alabi. Temilayo is best known for her cover version of Duduke by Simi and Jowo by Davido which gained wide acceptance.
In an interview with Nigeria Tribune, Temilayo reviewed that she started as a keyboardist before she became a saxophonist. In the interview, she said she attended a concert where she was invited to play the keyboard and she met other kids like her playing the saxophone. She said, hearing the beautiful sound made her learn the saxophone. She debuted her first official single titled AYO in 2020. She teamed up with Grammy Award nominee Bankulli and award-winning music producer RotimiKeys. The Ooni of Ife cameo-ed in the music video.

### Performances

In 2019, Temilayo Abodunrin was invited to perform at season 11 of the Channels International Kids Cup.

## Awards

On 3 January 2021, she was part of the Ogo Yoruba Awards (O.Y.A) 2020.
# Liu Yuan (musician)

Liu Yuan (Chinese: 劉元; pinyin: Liú Yuán, pronounced; January 1, 1960 – December 22, 2024) was a Chinese musician, who played tenor and baritone saxophone as well as the Chinese wind instrument called suona.

## Life and career

His father was a player of the suona, a traditional Chinese wind instrument, and this was also Liu's first instrument. At about the age of eight, he began his performing career, playing in a government-run children's musical group.
He continued his suona studies at the Beijing Art School, graduating at age 19, at which time he entered a danwei (work unit) called the Beijing Song and Dance Troupe. With this group, Liu had the opportunity to travel, both inside and outside of China.
In 1978 and 1980, the troupe toured Europe, performing in Romania, France, Switzerland, and other nations. While in Romania, in a city near the Hungarian border, Liu and some friends went to a cafe where they heard jazz performed live for the first time:
    "There was a music group that performed," he recalled, "in a cafe where we went to eat one night. It was jazz. They had a sax, and things like that, and it was jazz. And we said..." Liu sucks in his breath at the memory. "...aiyo!"
Liu became enamored of this form of music, and, in particular, the saxophone. In 1984, he was able to purchase a saxophone and, over time, gradually acquired skill playing jazz. Jazz recordings were scarce, and at first he had only a single tape, by Grover Washington, Jr., to study.
Also in the 1980s, he was a founding member of ADO, the backing band for China's first rock star, Cui Jian (a fellow performer in the Beijing Song and Dance Troupe), for which he also acquired fame. He also contributed an instrumental piece to the 1992 Taiwanese movie Dust of Angels soundtrack.
Liu favored the tenor and baritone saxophone as his primary instruments, though he also used a modernized version of the suona for some songs in Cui Jian's band, in which he still performed. He made use of a modernized large-keyed suona in the 1985 song "Nothing to My Name" (一无所有; pinyin: Yì Wú Suǒ Yǒu), as well as on Cui's 1994 album Balls under the Red Flag (Hongxi xia de Dang).
In May 1999, Liu became the manager of a jazz club called CD Cafe (or CD Jazz Cafe) in his home city of Beijing, where he performed regularly with his Liu Yuan Jazz Quartet. He began performing at the Cafe in the mid-1990s, when public performances by Cui Jian's group were effectively banned. Weekend jam sessions by the quartet frequently ran until 3 am or later. His quartet included a talented jazz drummer from Japan, who was an alumnus of the Berklee School of Music.
In 2006, Liu partnered with childhood friend Li Yongxian to open the East Shore Jazz Cafe, a jazz bar in Beijing's Houhai district. The venue plays host to jazz artists from around China and abroad, and he still performed there himself on weekend nights.
Liu's given name is frequently pronounced "Yuar" (the Beijing dialect pronunciation of "Yuan").
Liu died from cancer in Beijing, on December 22, 2024, at the age of 64.
# Main North Line

Main North Line can refer to the following railway lines:
* Main North railway line, New South Wales, Australia
* Main North Line, New Zealand
# Comet Mellish

Comet Mellish, or Mellish's Comet, may refer to any of the four comets discovered by American astronomer, John E. Mellish, below:
* C/1907 T1 (Mellish)
* C/1915 C1 (Mellish)
* C/1915 R1 (Mellish)
* C/1917 F1 (Mellish)
It may also be a partial reference to several comets he co-discovered with other astronomers:
# Yigal Dilmoni

Yigal Dilmoni (Hebrew: יגאל דילמוני; born 1970) is the CEO of the Yesha Council. Before becoming CEO in 2018, he served at the Yesha Council's deputy director of public relations.

## Early life

Born in Raanana, Dilmoni studied at the Bnei Akiva Yeshiva Nehalim, and later at the Hesder Yeshiva in Neve Dekalim in the Gush Katif communities of the Gaza Strip. He was a member of the first class of the Bnei David preparatory academy in Eli.
In 1989, Dilmoni enlisted in the IDF Paratroopers Brigade and continues in the reserves. After marriage, he and his wife moved to Neve Dekalim. They later became one of the first families to settle in Avnei Hefetz in Samaria where he currently lives with his wife and five children. Dilmoni holds a bachelor's and master's degree from Bar-Ilan University in Land of Israel Studies and Geography and the Preservation of Landscapes and Sites.

## Career

After several years of as a teacher, Dilmoni moved into the field of public service. In 1998 he founded and managed the Samaria Regional Council Tourism Association, and headed the council's strategic planning unit. As part of his position, he was responsible for the development of tourism ventures and historic sites in Samaria and for the development of small businesses in the council area, and assisted dozens of ventures and businesses in the fields of agriculture, tourism and trade. In 2005, he coordinated opposition to the Disengagement plan from Gush Katif and northern Samaria. Dilmoni later served as CEO of the Kedumim Local Council.
In 2010, Dilmoni began working for the Yesha Council as the council's VP of Information serving as Naftali Bennett's deputy. As part of his role, he established the Yesha Council's information tour system and brought hundreds of celebrities, journalists, politicians and opinion leaders to tour settlements in West Bank.
Dilmoni developed the Yesha Research and Information Center, produced information materials and maps, conducted training for tour guides and founded the Yesha Conference on Information and Communication, which is attended by hundreds every year. When Roni Arazi resigned from the position of council spokesman, in 2012 Yigal Dilmoni filled this position until a spokesperson was found.
In 2014, Dilmoni announced his candidacy for Bennett's Jewish Home party for the Members of Knesset, coming in 24th place.
Dilmoni served as a member of several board of the R & D Samaria and the Jordan Valley at the University of Ariel, MATI – Center for the Promotion of Entrepreneurship and Small Businesses in the region and Kedma, the Jewish student villages regional organization.
As CEO of the Yesha Council, Dilmoni has advocated applying sovereignty to Israeli cities and townships under Yesha council administration and promoted increased building. He has promoted business ties with Palestinian Authority business leaders and called for Israel to offer COVID-19 vaccines to PA residents working in Israeli companies.
# Amyris, Inc.

Amyris, Inc. is a synthetic biotechnology and renewable chemical company headquartered in Emeryville, California. Amyris serves the specialty and performance chemicals, flavors and fragrances, cosmetics ingredients, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals markets.

## History

Amyris was founded in 2003. The company owns three brands, Biossance and Pipette, for beauty and skincare, and Purecane, a sugar substitute. The company went public on NASDAQ on September 28, 2010 (AMRS).
In November 2011, Amyris acquired Lansing, Michigan-based renewable chemicals and products company, Draths Corporation, for $7 million in stock. ATEL Capital Group acquired a stake in Amyris in December 2011. In January 2016, the company received an investment from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Strategic Innovation Fund to support the development of antimalarial medication based on semi-synthetic artemisinin. In April 2019, the company raised $34-million in private placement of its common stock and warrants. The funding round was led by Foris Ventures and Dr. Wei-wu He, General Partner of Emerging Technology Partners, LLC, a life sciences-focused venture fund.
Biossance, the skincare brand from Amyris, was recognized as Digital Innovator of the Year at the WWD Beauty Inc Awards in 2019.
In 2020, Amyris received Bonsucro's Chain of Custody Certification, ensuring that the sustainability claims along the sugarcane supply chain are traceable from farmer to end user. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the company collaborated with the Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI) to advance a novel ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccine platform, including accelerating the development of a COVID-19 vaccine.
On August 9, 2023, Amyris filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and announced it will shut down its consumer brands amongst selling itself. The company was delisted from Nasdaq and added to the OTC Markets.
# Walter of Faslane, Earl of Lennox

Baltar mac Amlaimh, also called Walter of Faslane, was the jure uxoris Mormaer of Lennox through his wife Margaret between 1365 and 1385.
He was the great grandson of Amlaibh, the grandson of Mormaer Ailín II through the male line. He was the chief of a kin-group tracing its origins to the settlement which followed the death of Ailín II, where the ten brothers of Mormaer Maol Domhnaich were compensated with lands.
Baltar and his kin achieved the Mormaerdom because he was allowed to marry the daughter of Mormaer Domhnall, Margaret. When Domhnall died in 1365, Margaret succeeded with Baltar as de facto ruler. It had been Domhnall's intention that the marriage would eventually allow the succession of a grandson, but it seems that Baltar was intended to rule in his turn. Indeed, Baltar and Margaret had a son, Donnchad, who was probably a young man by the time Baltar and Margaret succeeded. We do not know how relations deteriorated, but it seems that Donnchadh got impatient.
In the summer of 1384, King Robert II issued two charters formally conferring the Mormaerdom on Baltar. However, a year later he and his wife Margaret resigned the Mormaerdom over to their eldest son Donnchadh. Brown (p. 215) attributes this change as a policy change of the monarchy triggered by the increased influence of John of Carrick, the future king Robert III.
However, in 1388, Baltar and Margaret were handed custody of the Mormaerdom for the remainder of their lives, with Donnchadh retaining the title. Donnchadh was confined to a stronghold in Loch Lomond, Inchmurrin castle.
# Pycnochromis vanderbilti

Pycnochromis vanderbilti, commonly known as Vanderbilt's chromis, is a species of damselfish native to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The specific name honours the yachtsman and explorer George Washington Vanderbilt III (1914-1961), the organiser of an expedition to Oahu in 1940 during which the type was collected. In naming this species Fowler acknowledged Vanderbilt for his role in developing the collection of fishes at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
# Shahrokhi (surname)

Shahrokhi (Persian: شاهرخی) is an Iranian surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Mahasti Shahrokhi, Iranian novelist and poet
* Manuchehr Shahrokhi, American professor of global business and finance
* Mehdi Shahrokhi (born 1985), Iranian shot putter
* Mehrab Shahrokhi (1944–1993), Iranian football player
* Radin Shahrokhi (Born 27/2/2010),UK&Iranian Rapper
# Charles E. Weir

Charles E. Weir (September 29, 1911–April 4, 1987) was an American chemist and physicist known for being one of the four co-inventors of the diamond anvil cell at the National Bureau of Standards in 1957, with Alvin Van Valkenburg, Ellis Lippincott and Elmer Bunting. Weir had the principal role in designing the first diamond anvil cell, and built it by hand using the machining tools available in his lab. The original device was first described in a paper on high-pressure infrared absorption measurements of calcium carbonate. Later, Weir collaborated in the development of diamond anvil cells for powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

## Early life and education

Weir was born in Washington, DC in 1911 and attended Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.), where he graduated first in his class in 1929. That same year, Weir was chosen by Oscar Stanton De Priest as one of four nominees for the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, where he passed the entrance exam, but failed the vision test. He instead attended the University of Chicago, where he obtained a B.S. in chemistry in 1932. Weir then obtained an M.S. in physical chemistry at Howard University, taught there for a few years, and went to Caltech in 1937 to pursue a Ph.D. in physics. He withdrew in 1940 due to illness, and began his career at the National Bureau of Standards in 1943.

## Career

Shortly before he began working on the development of the diamond anvil cell, Weir worked in the Leather Section at the National Bureau of Standards, where he developed a piston/cylinder device for high pressure experiments on leather and similar materials. He then used this device for unfunded discretionary work on the compressibility of (and phase transitions in) many other materials. Ultimately, this discretionary work brought him into contact with Alvin Van Valkenburg (a mineralogist by training), who was also pursuing high-pressure research at the National Bureau of Standards, along with Ellis Lippincott from the University of Maryland, College Park and Elmer Bunting from the National Bureau of Standards. After a failed experiment that involved compressing a sample with a diamond piston inserted into a cylindrical hole bored into a 7.5 carat diamond crystal, Weir proposed an opposed anvil device that would take advantage of the high compressive strength of diamond (as opposed to its less impressive tensile strength) to perform infrared absorption measurements at high pressure. In 1958, Weir took the lead role in designing the first diamond anvil cell, and fabricated it himself using the tools available to him in the laboratory.

## Later life and death

Charles Weir retired from the National Bureau of Standards in 1970 and later moved to San Luis Obispo, California. He died on April 4, 1987.
# Menagerie Wilderness

The Menagerie Wilderness is a designated wilderness area located near Mount Washington in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. It is situated near Highway 20 within the Willamette National Forest and is managed by the US Forest Service.

## Geography

The Menagerie Wilderness is situated around a series of rock pinnacles each uniquely named from the imagination of past climbers; hence the name, Menagerie. The best known, and most popular, is Rooster Rock. Others include Hen Rock, Turkey Monster, and Chicken Rock.

## Recreation

The primary recreational activities in Menagerie Wilderness are hiking and rock climbing, but camping and wildlife watching are popular among some visitors. There are only a few established trails in the Menagerie, most notably Trout Creek Trail and Rooster Rock Trail – both of which lead to Rooster Rock. Visiting other pinnacles requires a cross-country hike over steep, rugged terrain.

## Vegetation

Vegetation in Menagerie Wilderness is primarily second-growth Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and western red cedar. Much of the understory consists of vine maple, salal, and sword fern.
# Counterweight (disambiguation)

A counterweight is a weight that provides balance and stability in a mechanical system.
Counterweight may also refer to:
* "Counterweight" (The Outer Limits), a 1964 television episode
* Counterweight, an organization founded by British author Helen Pluckrose
* Counterweight, an alias of the fictional comics character Jack Power
* Counterweight, an alias of the fictional comics character Katie Power
* Counterweight, a 2021 novel by South Korean author Djuna
# Swedavia

Swedavia AB is a Swedish state-owned company, which owns and operates ten of Sweden's busiest airports. It has its head office at the air traffic control tower of Stockholm-Arlanda Airport in Sigtuna Municipality near Stockholm.
It was formed on 1 April 2010, when the Swedish Civil Aviation Administration was split up, and all commercial airport operation was transferred to Swedavia. Air navigation services continue as a state enterprise under the name LFV (Civil Aviation Administration). In 2010, the number of employees was about 2,600.

## Airports

* Swedavia owns and operates:
* Åre Östersund Airport (OSD)
* Göteborg Landvetter Airport (GOT)
* Kiruna Airport (KRN)
* Luleå Airport (LLA)
* Malmö Airport (MMX)
* Ronneby Airport (RNB)
* Stockholm Arlanda Airport (ARN)
* Stockholm Bromma Airport (BMA)
* Umeå Airport (UME)
* Visby Airport (VBY)
When the decision was made to form Swedavia, there were 16 nationally owned airports, but it was a part of the decision to transfer six of them to local owners and keep ten large airports. Region Värmland took over the operations of Karlstad Airport in 2010. In 2011, the operations for Ängelholm-Helsingborg Airport was transferred to Region Skåne Nordväst and Örnsköldsvik Airport was transferred to Örnsköldsvik Municipality. In 2013 Sundsvall Airport was transferred to local owners. Jönköping Airport and Skellefteå Airport were transferred to local ownership 2009/2010 before Swedavia was formed.
In December 2024, Swedavia communicated to the Swedish government that it no longer sees a viable future for Stockholm Bromma Airport, citing persistently low capacity utilisation and a lack of financial justification for its continued operation. Bromma Airport’s continued operations are estimated to cost at least one billion SEK (€87 million) annually for Swedavia, with the costs of operating Bromma subsidised by passenger fees other Swedavia airports.

## Key figures

| | 2015 | 2016 |
| Net revenue (million) | 5,416 | 5,546 |
| Operating profit | 0,966 | 1,755 |
| Passengers (million) | 37.6 | 39.5 |
| Employees | 2,787 | 2,949 |