OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catamount Outdoor Family Center

The Catamount Outdoor Family Center is the non-profit steward of the Catamount Community Forest, a town owned forest on Governor Chittenden Road in Williston, Vermont. The more than 400-acre (160 ha) property includes trails for a variety of outdoor activities, including hiking, biking, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing. The adjacent property includes Williston's oldest house, built about 1796 by Governor Thomas Chittenden for his son Giles, which is now a private home and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Giles Chittenden Farmstead in 1993.

## Location

The Catamount Outdoor Family Center is located in a rural area of northeastern Williston, on either side of Governor Chittenden Road east of North Williston Road. The property is a combination of open fields and woodlands, with the open fields generally closer to the road. A small cluster of buildings is located on the south side of the road, from which a network of trails radiate across the landscape.

## History

The Catamount Outdoor Family Center was opened in 1978 by Jim and Lucy McCullough, who owned and ran the organization until a large portion of their land was conserved in 2019, creating the Catamount Community Forest. The architectural highlight of the area is the Giles Chittenden House, a Federal style two-story brick house. It was built about 1796 by Thomas Chittenden the first Governor of Vermont and the first settler of Williston. Chittenden built a house for himself (no longer standing) about 1787, and later built houses for each of his four sons. His son Giles was mainly a farmer, but was entangled in family financial issues that forced him to sell off portions of his land, and left his estate insolvent upon his death in 1819. In addition to the house, the property also includes a 19th-century barn, probably built in mid-century by Charles Miller.
# Centerville Historic District (Winston-Salem, North Carolina)

Centerville Historic District is a national historic district in Winston-Salem, Forsyth County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 91 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in Winston-Salem. It includes a mix of residential, commercial, and light industrial buildings built between about 1900 and 1950. Residential buildings are in a mix of architectural styles including Queen Anne, Bungalow / American Craftsman, and Minimal Traditional.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.
# Nikolaos Skalkotas

Nikolaos Skalkotas (Greek: Νικόλαος Σκαλκώτας; 21 September 1949 – 2 September 2020) was a Greek chess International Master (IM) (1984), Greek Chess Championship winner (1982).

## Chess player career

From the early 1970s to the early 1990s, Nikolaos Skalkotas was one of Greece's leading chess players. In 1982 he won the Greek Chess Championship and Acropolis International chess tournament in Athens.
Nikolaos Skalkotas played for Greece in the Chess Olympiad:
* In 1970, at first reserve board in the 19th Chess Olympiad in Siegen (+4, =8, -2),
* In 1972, at third board in the 20th Chess Olympiad in Skopje (+3, =4, -7),
* In 1974, at second board in the 21st Chess Olympiad in Nice (+5, =6, -7),
* In 1980, at third board in the 24th Chess Olympiad in La Valletta (+3, =3, -4),
* In 1982, at second board in the 25th Chess Olympiad in Lucerne (+4, =2, -4),
* In 1984, at first reserve board in the 26th Chess Olympiad in Thessaloniki (+4, =2, -3),
* In 1986, at first reserve board in the 27th Chess Olympiad in Dubai (+1, =0, -1),
* In 1988, at second reserve board in the 28th Chess Olympiad in Thessaloniki (+0, =3, -0),
* In 1990, at second reserve board in the 29th Chess Olympiad in Novi Sad (+0, =1, -1),
Nikolaos Skalkotas played for Greece in the European Team Chess Championships:
* In 1989, at fifth board in the 9th European Team Chess Championship in Haifa (+1, =0, -2).
Nikolaos Skalkotas played for Greece in the World Student Team Chess Championships:
* In 1968, at second board in the 15th World Student Team Chess Championship in Ybbs (+2, =8, -2),
* In 1969, at second board in the 16th World Student Team Chess Championship in Dresden (+1, =5, -6),
* In 1972, at first board in the 19th World Student Team Chess Championship in Graz (+5, =3, -4),
Nikolaos Skalkotas played for Greece in the Men's Chess Balkaniads:
* In 1971, at fourth board in the 3rd Men's Chess Balkaniad in Athens (+1, =3, -0) and won individual silver medal,
* In 1972, at third board in the 4th Men's Chess Balkaniad in Sofia (+1, =1, -2),
* In 1973, at third board in the 5th Men's Chess Balkaniad in Poiana Brașov (+0, =3, -1),
* In 1978, at first reserve board in the 10th Men's Chess Balkaniad in Băile Herculane (+1, =1, -2),
* In 1979, at second board in the 11th Chess Balkaniad in Bihać (+0, =1, -4),
* In 1981, at sixth board in the 13th Chess Balkaniad in Athens (+1, =1, -2),
* In 1982, at second board in the 14th Chess Balkaniad in Plovdiv (+0, =2, -3),
* In 1983, at third board in the 15th Chess Balkaniad in Băile Herculane (+0, =0, -3),
* In 1985, at fifth board in the 17th Chess Balkaniad in Irakleio (+0, =1, -1),
* In 1986, at fifth board in the 18th Chess Balkaniad in Sofia (+0, =1, -4),
* In 1988, at sixth board in the 19th Chess Balkaniad in Kaštel Stari (+0, =1, -1),
* In 1990, at sixth board in the 21st Chess Balkaniad in Kavala (+1, =3, -2).
In 1984, Nikolaos Skalkotas was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title.
# Central Cole Camp Historic District

Central Cole Camp Historic District is a national historic district located at Cole Camp, Benton County, Missouri. The district encompasses 37 contributing buildings in the central business district of Cole Camp. It developed between about 1881 and 1951, and includes representative examples of period commercial, Romanesque Revival, and Italianate style architecture. Notable buildings include the Daisy Roller Mill (c. 1888), Citizens Bank (1898), Congregational Church (1913), Kroenke Dort Building (c. 1919), and Cole Camp Mercantile Building (c. 1924).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
# Central Shelby Historic District

Central Shelby Historic District is a national historic district located at Shelby, Cleveland County, North Carolina. It encompasses 229 contributing buildings in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Shelby. The district is centered on the Cleveland County Courthouse (1907) and public square, established in 1841. The district includes representative examples of Colonial Revival and Bungalow / American Craftsman architectural styles. The district includes the separately listed courthouse, Masonic Temple Building, and Webbley. Other notable buildings include the Webb House, Wells House, Fulenwider-Ebeltoft House, Dr. S. S. Royster House, Bateman House, Washburn Block, city hall and firehouse (1911), Royster Building (1910), First Baptist Church, Ascension Lutheran Church (1932), and Southern Railway Freight Depot (c. 1920).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, with a boundary increase in 2002.

## Photos

* Rogers Theater
* Shelby City Hall
* Shelby First Baptist Church
* Gardner-Webb Building
* Hotel Charles
# Stylocordylidae

Stylocordylidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Suberitida.
Genera:
# Pedro de Avendaño

Pedro de Avendaño (1529-1561) was a Spanish-Basque soldier who fought in the Arauco War. He was known for capturing the Mapuche leader Caupolicán in 1558. Avendaño was later killed by the Mapuches in 1561.
Avendaño was born around 1529 in the Biscay province of Spain. He arrived in Chile in 1557 as a soldier in the guard of the new Governor García Hurtado de Mendoza. He first fought at the Battle of Millarapue. He later served in the garrison of the Cañete de la Frontera settlement under Captain Alonso de Reinoso. Reinoso eventually found an Indian who revealed the secret hideout of Caupolicán, the Mapuche Toki. Avendaño, with 50 Spanish cavalrymen under his command and the traitorous Indian as his guide, marched in stormy weather into the mountains to Pilmaiquén and captured Caupolicán as he was planning a new offensive against the Spaniards, on February 5, 1558. Avendaño brought the Toki back to Cañete de la Frontera, where Caupolicán was executed by impalement at the order of Captain Alonso de Reinoso.
As a reward for capturing Caupolicán, Avendaño was given an encomienda in the Purén Valley. Avendaño became notorious for his cruel treatment of the Indian workers on his encomienda. In July 1561, the Mapuches of the Purén Valley ambushed Avendaño and two other Spaniards who were visiting his encomienda, killing all three of them with axes. These Mapuches then cut off Avendaño's head and put it on a pike, and displayed it to the other Mapuches, which helped trigger the "second revolt" of the Arauco War.
# D H Evans

D H Evans was a department store located in Oxford Street, London, England, which later became part of House of Fraser. The store was rebranded as House of Fraser in 2001.

## History

D H Evans was opened in 1879 by Dan Harries Evans at 320 Oxford Street. Evans was a Welshman who had trained as draper and had moved to London in 1878. This store quickly grew and by 1885 he had taken on three of the adjoining stores.
In 1893, the store moved into further new premises at 290-294 Oxford Street and became a limited liability company. The new company was listed as having capital of £202,000. The store was grown again with the purchase of 296-306 Oxford Street in 1895 and 308 in 1898. In 1897, Dan Evans resigned as Managing Director but stayed on the board, and was replaced by Harrods manager Ernest Webb on the advice of Harrods and D H Evans director Richard Burbridge.
The business continued to expand by purchasing the business of neighbors James Goodman and Arthur Saunders, and in 1906, announced the rebuilding of the collection of buildings on the west side of Old Cavendish Street. In 1915, Dan Evans retired from the board and was replaced by Ernest Webb's son William Wallace Webb.
By 1928, however, DH Evans realized they could not expand without further investment, and due to the relationship with Harrods agreed a merger with Harrods being the senior partner, with William Burbridge becoming the chairman. Burbridge realized that the business could not continue to operate from two buildings, and so, in 1935, land bounded by Oxford Street, Old Cavendish Street, Henrietta Street and Chapel Place was acquired and demolished for a new store. The architect chosen was Louis Blanc and the new store fully opened in 1937 after being built in two phases. The former East block of the store was sold to John Spedan Lewis, of the John Lewis Partnership for £848,500.
After the war, D H Evans purchased the Devon business of J F Rockhey, and D H Evans was run as a wholly owned subsidiary of Harrods. In 1954, Harrods was purchased by House of Fraser, and D H Evans become a trading arm within the Harrods group. A second D H Evans store was added in Wood Green, London in 1980, and the Oxford Street store was refurbished twice between 1982 and 1985.
In 2001, the store was rebranded under the House of Fraser name. The store closed permanently in January 2022.
# Charles F. and Howard Cates Farm

Charles F. and Howard Cates Farm, also known as Swathmoor Farm, is a historic farm complex and national historic district located near Mebane, Alamance County, North Carolina. It encompasses 11 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 5 contributing structures on a farm near Mebane. The district includes the two-story double-pile Cates farmhouse (c. 1801, c. 1851) and a collection of outbuildings and supporting structures. These include outbuildings probably associated with pickle manufacture such as the packhouse (c. 1900) and the office (c. 1920); outbuildings associated with dairying including the multipurpose barn (c. 1910), the well house (c. 1930), and the milk barn (c. 1939–40); and the mule barn, gas house, tool shed, pump house, privy, and chicken house (c. 1910). Its owner Charles F. Cates was instrumental in establishing the Woodlawn School.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
# Charles H. Coons Farm

Charles H. Coons Farm, also known as the Prospect Fruit Farm, is a historic home and farm and national historic district located at Germantown, Columbia County, New York. The main farmhouse was built about 1880, and is a two-story, rectangular frame dwelling with Italianate style design elements. It sits o s stone foundation and has an intersecting gable roof. The front facade features a full-width verandah. Also on the property are the contributing New World Dutch Barn and attached shed (c. 1810), Horse Barn (c. 1880), Small Shed (c. 1900), and Windmill and water pump (c. 1910).
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
# Regina Seiden

Regina Seiden (4 July 1897- 11 January 1991), also known as Regina Seiden Goldberg was a Jewish Canadian painter who was an early member of the Beaver Hall Group. She was primarily interested in painting figurative work and portraits.

## Biography

Seiden was born on 4 July 1897 in Rigaud, Quebec. she moved with her family to Montreal in 1905. Between 1905 and 1912, Seiden attended the French Catholic school Académie Marie-Rose, located in the Plateau neighbourhood of Montreal, where she was encouraged to explore her talents as a painter. Between 1913 and 1918 Seiden attended the Art Association of Montreal where she studied with William Brymner, Edmond Dyonnet and Maurice Cullen. Along with other former students of William Brymner, Seiden joined the Beaver Hall Group and took part in their first exhibit in 1921.
In 1921 Seiden moved to Paris where she studied for a year at the Académie Julian. In 1926 Seiden returned to Paris where she met her husband, fellow artist Eric Goldberg. They got married in 1928 at which point she stopped painting until after his death in 1969. Seiden lived in Montreal and taught art at the couple’s Westmount synagogue for 20 years. She died in 1991.
Her work is included in the collections of the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, the National Gallery of Canada and the Robert McLaughlin Gallery, Oshawa.
# Turk Lown

Omar Joseph "Turk" Lown (May 30, 1924 – July 8, 2016) was an American professional baseball player. He was a right-handed pitcher over parts of 11 seasons (1951–54, 1956–62) with the Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds and Chicago White Sox. The 6 ft (1.83 m), 180 lb (82 kg) Lown received his nickname as a child because of his fondness for eating turkey.
A native of Brooklyn, New York, Lown was signed as an amateur free agent by the Brooklyn Dodgers and entered their farm system in 1942. He attended and graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School. His baseball career was interrupted by World War II, serving in the US Army as an infantryman seeing action in the Battle of the Bulge and receiving the Purple Heart. Following his military service, he returned to minor league baseball with the Dodgers from 1946 to 1950. In November 1950, he was selected by the Chicago Cubs in the Rule 5 draft making his major league debut on April 24, 1951.
For his career, Lown compiled a 55–61 record in 504 appearances, mostly as a relief pitcher, with a 4.12 earned run average, 73 saves and 574 strikeouts. In 1959, he led the American League in saves and games finished to help lead the White Sox to the pennant. Lown did not give up a run in three appearances in the 1959 World Series loss to the Los Angeles Dodgers. He also led the National League in successive seasons (1956–57) in games finished, while topping the NL in games pitched (67) in 1957.
Lown celebrated his 90th birthday with Violet, his wife of 65 years, their three sons, four grandchildren, four great-grandchildren, and many close friends, on Memorial Day 2014, in Pueblo, Colorado, where he played minor league baseball and in 1947 met Violet Krizman, who "became his best friend for life." They returned to Pueblo, where he worked as a mail carrier for 23 years, after he retired from professional baseball.
Lown died on July 8, 2016, of leukemia.
# Chestnut Hill Historic District (Asheville, North Carolina)

Chestnut Hill Historic District is a national historic district located at Asheville, Buncombe County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 238 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in a predominantly residential section of Asheville. It was developed in the late-19th and early-20th century and includes Colonial Revival, Queen Anne-influenced, and bracketed Victorian style dwellings. At least eight of the houses were designed by architect Richard Sharp Smith.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Gallery

* Dr. J.E. David Rental Cottage, 2021
* 43 Arlington Street, 2021
* 53 Orange St., 2021
* 74 Furman Avenue, 2021
* 76 N. Liberty St., 2021
* 81 N. Liberty St., 2021
* 88 Central Avenue, 2021
* 223 E. Chestnut St., 2021
* Albert Bunn House, 2021
* Beaufort Lodge (Theodore F. Davidson House), 2021
* Dr. J. Hardy Lee House, 2021
* Lowe Building, 2021
* William R, Whitson House, 2021
# Ruelle zeta function

In mathematics, the Ruelle zeta function is a zeta function associated with a dynamical system. It is named after mathematical physicist David Ruelle.

## Formal definition

Let f be a function defined on a manifold M, such that the set of fixed points Fix(f$^n$) is finite for all n > 1. Further let φ be a function on M with values in d × d complex matrices. The zeta function of the first kind is
    $\zeta (z)=\exp \left(\sum _{m\geq 1}{\frac {z^{m}}{m}}\sum _{x\in \operatorname {Fix} (f^{m})}\operatorname {Tr} \left(\prod _{k=0}^{m-1}\varphi (f^{k}(x))\right)\right)$

## Examples

In the special case d = 1, φ = 1, we have
    $\zeta (z)=\exp \left(\sum _{m\geq 1}{\frac {z^{m}}{m}}\left|\operatorname {Fix} (f^{m})\right|\right)$
which is the Artin–Mazur zeta function.
The Ihara zeta function is an example of a Ruelle zeta function.
# Chilton-Williams Farm Complex

Chilton-Williams Farm Complex, also known as Chilton Place, is a historic farm complex and national historic district located in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways near Eminence, Shannon County, Missouri. The district encompasses 15 contributing buildings and 2 contributing structures associated with a post-American Civil War Ozark farm. It developed between about 1869 and 1879 and includes the Chilton House, Williams-Baltz House, gambrel roofed barn, four small barns, two corn cribs, smokehouse, five sheds, privy, storm cellar, and chicken house.$^{:2}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.
# Che (Persian letter)

Che or cheem (چ‎) is a letter of the Persian alphabet, used to represent [t͡ʃ], and which derives from ǧīm (ج‎) by the addition of two dots. It is found with this value in other Arabic-derived scripts. It is based on the jim ج. It is used in Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Kurdish, Uyghur, Kashmiri, Azerbaijani, Ottoman Turkish, Malay (Jawi), Javanese (Pegon), and other Indo-Iranian languages. It is also one of the five letters the Persian alphabet added from the twenty-eight inherited from the Arabic alphabet (the others being ژ, پ, and گ in addition to the obsolete ڤ). It is also one of the ten letters the Persian alphabet added from the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being s̱e, xe, ẕâl, zâd, ẓâ, ġayn, pe, že, and gaf). In name and shape, it is a variant of jim. Its numerical value is 3000 (see Abjad numerals).
| Position in word | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
| Glyph form: (Help) | چ‎ | ـچ‎ | ـچـ‎ | چـ‎ |
When representing this sound in transliteration of Persian into Hebrew, it is written as ג׳ gimel and a geresh.

## In Arabic

The letter چ‎ can be used to transcribe [t͡ʃ] in Gulf Arabic and Iraqi Arabic dialects, where they have that sound natively as in "چلب" /tʃalb/ (dog) instead of "كلب" /kalb/. Since the sound is not part of Standard Arabic’s phonology; In most of the rest of Arabic-speaking geographic regions, the combination of tāʾ-šīn (تش‎) is more likely used to transliterate the /t͡ʃ/ sound which is often realized as two consonants ([t]+[ʃ]) as in "تشاد" /tʃaːd/ (Chad) and "التشيك" /at.tʃiːk/ (Czech Republic).
In Egypt, this letter represents [ʒ], which can be a reduction of /d͡ʒ/, It is called gīm be talat noʾaṭ (جيم بتلات نقط "Gīm with three dots") there. The /ʒ/ pronunciation is also proposed for South Arabian minority languages, like Mehri and Soqotri.
In Israel, where official announcements are often trilingual, this letter is used as the letter gīm on roadsigns to represent [ɡ], when transcribing Hebrew or foreign names of places. It has also been used as /g/ in Lebanon for transliteration such as "چامبيا" (The Gambia) and "چوچل" (Google).

## Character encodings

Character information :
| Preview | چ | چ |
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER TCHEH | ARABIC LETTER TCHEH |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1670 | U+0686 |
| UTF-8 | 218 134 | DA 86 |
| Numeric character reference | &#1670; | &#x686; |
Character information :
| Preview | ڜ | ڜ |
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER SEEN WITH THREE DOTS BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE | ARABIC LETTER SEEN WITH THREE DOTS BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1692 | U+069C |
| UTF-8 | 218 156 | DA 9C |
| Numeric character reference | &#1692; | &#x69C; |