OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nederlandsch-Indische Levensverzekerings en Lijfrente Maatschappij

The Nederlandsch-Indische Levensverzekerings en Lijfrente Maatschappij (NILLMIJ, lit. 'Dutch [East] Indies Life Insurance and Pension Company') was a prominent Dutch insurance company with extensive operations in the Dutch East Indies and the Netherlands. following the independence of Indonesia, its operations in the country were nationalized like those of other major Dutch financial firms, and formed the foundation for today's Asuransi Jiwasraya [id]. The Dutch activities continued and, through multiple mergers, became one of the predecessor entities of Aegon N.V.

## History

The Nederlandsch-Indische Levensverzekerings en Lijfrente Maatschappij was founded in 1859 by CFW Wiggers Kerchem, who later worked as President of the Bank of Java. Until 1932 the company was named SA Life Insurance Company NILLMIJ.
During its early years, NILLMIJ benefited from close ties with the colonial government in the Dutch East Indies, giving it a near monopoly until 1883, when other insurers were allowed to operate in the colony. In 1939, NILLMIJ expanded its operations by acquiring NV Java Hypotheekbank, further solidifying its presence in the Dutch East Indies.
In 1952 the Dutch activities were expanded through a merger with the Life Insurance Corporation Arnhem. The company came was led by the mathematician John Engelfriet, who was one of the first to take the initiative to introduce computers. In 1956, the computer business Electrologica formed as a subsidiary of the NILLMIJ, which in 1966 was sold to Philips. In 1969, NILLMIJ merged with another insurance company, the First Dutch, and was renamed Ennia. In 1983 Ennia in turn merged with Dutch insurer AGO to form Aegon.
The NILLMIJ constructed several architecturally significant buildings in the Dutch East Indies, reflecting its prominence during the colonial period. Notable examples include offices in Jakarta, Semarang, and Bandung, many of which have survived long after the company ceased operations in Indonesia.

## Gallery

* NILLMIJ head office, Batavia, in the early 20th century
* The same building in 2016, now head office of Asuransi Jiwasraya in Jakarta
* NILLMIJ office in Semarang; now branch of Asuransi Jiwasraya
* NILLMIJ office in Yogyakarta
* The same building in 2016, now Bank Negara Indonesia
* NILLMIJ office in Medan (right), 1920s
* The same building in 2016, now Asuransi Jiwasraya
* NILLMIJ tower in Arnhem, 1963
# Gravity model of migration

The gravity model of migration is a model in urban geography derived from Newton's law of gravity, and used to predict the degree of migration interaction between two places. In 1941, astrophysicist John Q. Stewart applied Newton's law to the social sciences, establishing a theoretical foundation for the field of social physics. He recognized that the law of gravity could be used to explain demographic phenomena by examining empirical patterns related to distance in social interactions. This insight paved the way for further exploration of how physical principles could model social dynamics.

## Overview

When used geographically, the words 'bodies' and 'masses' are replaced by 'locations' and 'importance' respectively, where importance can be measured in terms of population numbers, gross domestic product, or other appropriate variables. The gravity model of migration is therefore based upon the idea that as the importance of one or both of the location increases, there will also be an increase in movement between them. The farther apart the two locations are, however, the movement between them will be less. This phenomenon is known as distance decay.
The gravity model can be used to estimate:
* Traffic flow
* Migration between two areas
* The number of people likely to use one central place
The gravity model can also be used to determine the sphere of influence of each central place by estimating where the breaking point between the two settlements will be. An example of this is the point at which customers find it preferable, because of distance, time and expense considerations, to travel to one center rather than the other.
The gravity model can be used to measure accessibility to services (e.x., access to health care). A special case of gravity model is the two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA), which is popular in health care research.
The gravity model was expanded by William J. Reilly in 1931 into Reilly's law of retail gravitation to calculate the breaking point between two places where customers will be drawn to one or another of two competing commercial centers.
Opponents of the gravity model explain that it can not be confirmed scientifically, that it's only based on observation. They also state that the gravity model is an unfair method of predicting movement because its biased toward historic ties and toward the largest population centers. Thus, it can be used to perpetuate the status quo.
# Chino Station

Chino Station (茅野駅, Chino-eki) is a railway station on the Chūō Main Line in the city of Chino, Nagano, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Chino Station is served by the Chūō Main Line, and is 195.2 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Tokyo Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of one ground level side platform and one ground level island platform, connected by a footbridge. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office. A JNR Class C12 steam locomotive is preserved in the plaza outside the station's east entrance.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Chūō Main Line | for Kami-Suwa, Shiojiri, Matsumoto, and Nagano |
| 2 | ■ Chūō Main Line | for Kami-Suwa, Shiojiri, Matsumoto, and Nagano for Kobuchizawa, Kōfu, Ōtsuki, and Hachiōji |
| 3 | ■ Chūō Main Line | for Kobuchizawa, Kōfu, Ōtsuki, and Hachiōji |

## Bus terminal
### Highway buses

* Chūō Kōsoku Bus; For Shinjuku Station
* Alpen Suwa; For Kyoto Station, Momoyamadai Station, Shin-Ōsaka Station, and Umeda Station

### Route buses

* JR BUS
** For Takatō Bus Terminal, Senryuso
* Alpico Kotsu
** For Mugikusa Pass
** For Lake Shirakaba
** For Shimo-Suwa Station

## History

Chino Station opened on 25 November 1905. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2015, the station was used by an average of 3,715 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Chino City Hall
* Tokyo University of Science, Suwa
* National Route 20
* National Route 152
# Cadwallader Owen

Cadwallader Owen (c. 1562 – 1617) was a Welsh Church of England clergyman, debater and writer.

## Life

Owen was from Maentwrog, Merioneth. He was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, matriculating on 24 November 1581. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1583 and Master of Arts degree in 1589. He was a fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, from 1585 to no later than 1606, when he married Blanche Roberts. He was awarded a Bachelor of Divinity degree by the university in 1603. Owen was rector of Llanbrynmair, Merioneth from 1608 onwards. In addition to his clerical duties, he had a reputation for debating, taking the name "Sic doces". His written work is now lost. He died in 1617 and was buried in his parish on 6 April 1617.
His son was Richard Owen, who was a prominent clergyman before and after the Restoration, holding positions in Eltham, St Swithin in London Stone, and North Cray.
# These Ones Are Bitter

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
These Ones Are Bitter is the second solo-album by American punk rock band Screeching Weasel front man Ben Weasel. It was released in June 2007, and was the first album released for "Mendota Recording Company", Ben Weasel's digital download only record label. On October 23, 2007, it was released physically on CD and vinyl by Edmond Records, and on April 7, 2009, was re-issued by Asian Man Records.
The original release was credited to "Ben Weasel And His Iron String Quartet", however the Asian Man cover credits the album just to Ben Weasel. Ben Weasel is implied to be a part of the titular Iron String Quartet, as only three other people were featured on the album: Dan Andriano (of Alkaline Trio), Mike Kennerty, and Chris Gaylor (both of the All-American Rejects). Kennerty is also the album's producer.

## Track listing

* "Let Freedom Ring"
* "In A Few Days"
* "Got My Number"
* "Happy Saturday"
* "Sour All Over"
* "The First Day of Spring"
* "Blue Is The Ocean"
* "Affected By You"
* "Jeanette"
* "Addition By Subtraction"
* "Give It Time"
* "Summer's Always Gone Too Soon"
* "In A Bad Place"
* "Only In November"

## Personnel

* Ben Weasel- vocals
* Mike Kennerty- guitar/ producer
* Dan Andriano- bass
* Chris Gaylor- drums
* Cristy Road - artwork
# 2022 Supercopa de España

The 2022 Supercopa de España was the 38th edition of the Supercopa de España, an annual football competition for clubs in the Spanish football league system that were successful in its major competitions in the preceding season.
After last season's edition was held in Spain due to travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, this year the tournament returned to Saudi Arabia as per the deal with the Royal Spanish Football Federation.
Real Madrid won the tournament for their twelfth Supercopa de España title.

## Qualification

The tournament featured the winners and runners-up of the 2020–21 Copa del Rey and 2020–21 La Liga.

### Qualified teams

The following four teams qualified for the tournament.
| Team | Method of qualification | Appearance | Last appearance as | Previous performance | Previous performance | Previous performance |
| Team | Method of qualification | Appearance | Last appearance as | Winner(s) | Runners-up | Semi-finalists |
| Barcelona | 2020–21 Copa del Rey winners | 26th | 2021 runners-up | 13 | 11 | 1 |
| Atlético Madrid | 2020–21 La Liga winners | 8th | 2020 runners-up | 2 | 5 | – |
| Athletic Bilbao | 2020–21 Copa del Rey runners-up | 6th | 2021 winners | 3 | 2 | – |
| Real Madrid | 2020–21 La Liga runners-up | 18th | 2021 semi-finalists | 11 | 5 | 1 |

## Venue

All three matches were held at the King Fahd International Stadium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| Riyadhclass=notpageimage| Location of the host city of the 2022 Supercopa de España. | City | Stadium |
| Riyadhclass=notpageimage| Location of the host city of the 2022 Supercopa de España. | Riyadh | King Fahd International Stadium |
| Capacity: 58,398 ||

## Matches

* Times listed are SAST (UTC+3).

### Bracket

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| 13 January 2022 – Riyadh | 13 January 2022 – Riyadh |
| Atlético Madrid | 1 |
| Atlético Madrid | 1 | 16 January 2022 – Riyadh | 16 January 2022 – Riyadh |
| Athletic Bilbao | 2 | 16 January 2022 – Riyadh | 16 January 2022 – Riyadh |
| Athletic Bilbao | 2 | Athletic Bilbao | 0 |
| 12 January 2022 – Riyadh | 12 January 2022 – Riyadh | | Athletic Bilbao | 0 |
| 12 January 2022 – Riyadh | 12 January 2022 – Riyadh | Real Madrid | 2 |
| Barcelona | 2 | Real Madrid | 2 |
| Real Madrid (a.e.t.) | 3 | | |
# Dharkan (TV series)

Dharkan (Urdu: دھڑکن ; lit: Heartbeat) is a Pakistani television series that aired on Hum TV in 2016. It was produced by Momina Duraid under her banner MD Productions and directed by Fahim Burney. It aired Friday nights at 9:10pm PST. It stars debutant Zara Noor Abbas along-with Adeel Chaudhry, Waseem Abbas, Javed Sheikh, and Shameen Khan.

## Plot

A drama serial about music loving Areen. She is the apple of the eye for her family. Unfortunately this full of life girl doesn't have long to live as she has a life threatening condition. The story starts with Areen speaking about her life and her parents worrying about her condition. Daniyal is Areen's cousin and he falls in love with Areen. But another entry in the story was of Zaran who was a playboy but he fell in love with Areen. The story in drama as their lives take a lot of twists with the new love in between (daniyal). At the end Like every story this story also ends with Areen and Zaran marrying each other.

## Cast

* Zara Noor Abbas as Areen
* Omer Farooq as Daniyal
* Adeel Chaudhry as Zaran
* Waseem Abbas as Nafees (Areen's father)
* Javed Sheikh as Arif (Zaran's father)
* Hanif Bachan as Shirazi (Doctor)
* Ghana Ali as Esha
* Shameen Khan as Shehrbano (Zaran's fiancée)
* Farah Nadeem as Samina (Daniyal's mother, Hajra's sister)
* Anas Ali Imran as Yasir (Zaran's friend)
* Beena Chaudhary as Hajra (Samina's sister, Areen's mother)
* Anjum Habibi as Seema (Zaran's mother)

## Production

Dharkan was directed by Fahim Burney and featured Zara Noor Abbas in her acting debut. Her audition was approved by Burney after which she was asked to return from New York for the series. Adeel Chaudhry revealed his part in the project in February 2016, with filming commencing in the first quarter of the same year.
# Stuart Ingham

Stuart Ingham (born 9 October 1987) is a British political adviser who has served as Director of the Number 10 Policy Unit since July 2024.

## Early life and education

Stuart Ingham was born on 9 October 1987 and attended Manshead CE Academy in Dunstable. He obtained a BA in PPE from the University of Oxford and a PhD in politics from the University of Exeter.

## Career

From 2009 to 2010, Ingham worked as a parliamentary intern and campaign assistant to Member of Parliament (MP) Michael Foster. From 2011 to 2014, he worked as an associate lecturer in politics at the University of Exeter.

### Under Starmer

Ingham worked on Keir Starmer's leadership campaign in the 2020 Labour leadership election, and was subsequently appointed to work in the policy team of the Labour party after Starmer was elected as leader. He later became the executive director of policy at the Labour Party. Following changes to Starmer's personnel by October 2023, Ingham was the only original member of Starmer's office still a member of the team. He has been described as a "longstanding Starmer ally" by The Guardian.
After Labour return to power following the 2024 general election, Ingham was appointed the Director of the Number 10 Policy Unit under Starmer in July 2024. He was also appointed a Special Adviser to the Prime Minister.

## Personal life

Ingham's partner, Jess Leigh, works in the Labour party's press office. They were ranked as the tenth most powerful political couple in the United Kingdom in 2023 by Politico.
# Ali Rafiq

Ali Rafiq (born 5 November 1985) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Faisalabad in the 2007–08 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 1 November 2007. He was the leading run-scorer for Lahore Whites in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, with 421 runs in six matches. In January 2021, he was named in Balochistan's squad for the 2020–21 Pakistan Cup.
# Lui Temelkovski

Ljubomir "Lui" Temelkovski (Macedonian: Љубомир Темелковски, romanized: Ljubomir Temelkovski) (born October 4, 1954) is a former Canadian federal politician. He was a Liberal Member of Parliament from 2004 to 2008 who represented the riding of Oak Ridges—Markham in Ontario.

## Background

Temelkovski was born Brajčino, Yugoslavia which is now part of the Republic of North Macedonia. His family emigrated to Canada in 1968. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from McMaster University. He worked as a sales manager for Freedom 55 Financial, a Canadian financial services company. He and his wife Loretta live in Markham where they raised four children. He is fluent in Italian and Macedonian.

## Politics

In the 2004 Canadian federal election, Temelkovski ran as the Liberal candidate in the new riding of Oak Ridges—Markham. He defeated Conservative candidate Bob Callow by 11,252 votes. He served as a backbench supporter of the Paul Martin government. Temelkovski was the first Canadian Member of Parliament of Macedonian heritage. In 2004, he was appointed to serve on the Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration. He also served as the Vice-Chair of the Standing Committee on International Trade.
He was re-elected in the 2006 election once again defeating Callow. The Liberals lost the election and he served one term in opposition. During that time he served as critic for Public Works and Government Services.
In the 2008 election, he was defeated by Conservative candidate Paul Calandra by 545 votes. He tried again In the 2011 election and was defeated again by Calandra this time by more than 20,000 votes.
In 2013, Temelkovski expressed interest in the nomination for the new riding of Markham—Stouffville but the party chose Jane Philpott who went on to beat Calandra in the 2015 election.
# C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)

C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) is a long period comet with a retrograde orbit discovered on 18 December 2018, by Japanese amateur astronomer Masayuki Iwamoto. Its period is estimated to be 1,733 years. It passed closest to Earth on 13 February 2019. It was expected to reach a magnitude of between 6.5 and 7.5, visible in binoculars or a small telescope and was reported to reach a magnitude of 5.5 by Juan Jose Gonzalez on February 13, before fading to 7.6 two weeks later.
The comet was observed by iSHELL spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Overall, the measured spatial distributions for polar molecules (in particular, H$_2$O and CH$_3$OH) were broader, exhibiting more complex structure compared with nonpolar or weakly polar species (CH$_4$, C$_2$H$_6$, and CO). Compositionally, compared to their respective mean abundances among comets from the Oort cloud, C$_2$H$_6$ and CH$_3$OH were enriched, CH$_4$ and HCN were near normal, and all other species were depleted. The abundance ratio CH$_3$OH/C$_2$H$_6$ was higher by 45% ± 8% on January 13 versus February 5, whereas CH$_4$/C$_2$H$_6$ was unchanged within the uncertainty, suggesting nonhomogeneous composition among regions of the nucleus dominating activity on these dates.

## Gallery

* Animation of C/2018 Y1 orbit Mercury · Venus · Earth · Mars · C/2018 Y1
* Animation of C/2018 Y1 orbit 1600-2500 Sun · Uranus · C/2018 Y1
* Comet C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) with M44, 13. February 2019, 23:04 Uhr
* Comet C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) with the spiral galaxy NGC 2903, 13 February 2019, 23:19 Uhr
* Comet C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) with nebulae IC 410 and IC 405
* C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) as seen from the infrared telescope NEOWISE on 25 February 2019
# Stephen Perofeta

Stephen Perofeta (born 12 March 1997) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays as a First five‐eighth or Fullback for the Blues in Super Rugby and Taranaki in the Bunnings NPC.

## Club career

Coming back from injury, Perofeta made his debut as a substitute player against the Queensland Reds in Apia, a match the Blues won 24–19. He scored a try and kicked two conversions, for a total of nine points in his first game. A week later, Perofeta started at first five as the Blues defeated the touring British and Irish Lions at Eden Park 22–16. Perofeta played a key role in the victory, with his beautiful cut-out pass setting up Rieko Ioane for the game's opening try, then his unsuccessful penalty goal attempt lead to a Sonny Bill Williams try (which Perofeta duly converted) to give the Blues the halftime lead.

## International career

In June 2017, Perofeta was called in as an emergency replacement for the New Zealand Under 20s rugby side at the World Rugby Under 20s World Championship. He started the final, and kicked seven conversions as New Zealand convincingly beat England 64–17 to win the tournament.
Perofeta made his international debut for the All Blacks on 27 August 2022 against Argentina in Christchurch in the final minute of the game.
# Shahid Mahboob

Shahid Mahboob (Urdu: شاہد محبوب; born 25 August 1962) is a Pakistani cricket coach and former cricketer.
An all-rounder, Mahboob was a fast-medium bowler and a right-handed batsman. He played in one Test match and 10 One Day Internationals (ODIs) from 1982 to 1989, including at the 1983 Cricket World Cup. He played his last ODI in December 1984 and his only Test, against India, in December 1989.

## Education

He was educated at the St. Patrick's High School, Karachi.
# Ayaz Jilani

Ayaz Jilani (born 5 December 1968) is a Pakistani former cricketer. He played 49 first-class cricket matches for several domestic sides in Pakistan between 1985 and 1998.
# Suzurannosato Station

Suzurannosato Station (すずらんの里駅, Suzurannosato-eki) is a railway station in Sakai, in the town of Fujimi Town, Suwa District, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Suzurannosato Station is served by the Chūō Main Line and is 186.1 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Tokyo Station.

## Station layout

Suzurannosato Station has two unnumbered opposed side platforms built on an embankment. The platforms are connected by an underpass. The station is not attended.

### Platforms

| west | ■ Chūō Main Line | for Kami-Suwa, Shiojiri and Matsumoto |
| east | ■ Chūō Main Line | for Kobuchizawa, Kōfu and Tokyo |

## History

The station opened on 31 October 1985. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.

## Surrounding area

* National Route 20
# Hinnerk Bruhns

Hinnerk Bruhns (born 1943 in Germany) is an emeritus research professor at the CNRS, a member of the Centre de recherches historiques (EHESS/CNRS).

## Biography

After he began his academic career in Ancient History at Cologne and Bochum, since his appointment (1985) as directeur de recherche au CNRS [fr], his work mainly focuses on the historiography of the nineteenth and twentieth and the history of social sciences in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Many of his publications are devoted to the Historical school of national German economics, in the work of Otto Hintze and more specifically to that of Max Weber.
Franco-German and European cooperation in social sciences plays a central role in his activities, which also includes the creation of the journal Trivium, which Hinnerk Bruhns heads since 2007. After his teaching activities at the University of Cologne, Aix-en-Provence and Bochum, Hinnerk Bruhns has been teaching at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales in Paris since 1982.

## Publications

* Max Webers historische Sozialökonomie. L'économie de Max Weber entre histoire et sociologie. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2014.
* One language, one history ? On the uncertain future of social sciences in Europe, Portuguese Journal of Social Science, 11 (1), 2012, p. 55-69.
* [in coll. with A. Anter and P. Duran] Max Weber et la bureaucratie / Max Weber und die Bürokratie, Trivium, Revue franco-allemande de sciences humaines et sociales, n° 7 (December 2010).
* [in coll. with P. Duran] Max Weber and the Political, Max Weber Studies, vol. 1/9.2 (special issue), January/July 2009.
* [in coll. with P. Duran] Max Weber et le politique, Paris : L.G.D.J., 2009.
* [in coll. with Jean Andreau] Sociologie économique et économie de l’Antiquité : à propos de Max Weber, Cahiers du Centre de Recherches Historiques, n° 34, October 2004.
* [éd.] Histoire et économie politique en Allemagne de Gustav Schmoller à Max Weber. Nouvelles perspectives sur l’école historique de l’économie, preface by J.-Y. Grenier, texts translated by F. Laroche, Paris : Éd. de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2004.
* [in coll. with W. Nippel] Max Weber und die Stadt im Kulturvergleich, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000 (coll. Kritische Studien zur Geschichtswissenschaft, 140).
* [in coll. with J.-M. David and W. Nippel] Die späte römische Republik – La fin de la république romaine. Un débat franco-allemand d'histoire et d'historiographie, École Française de Rome, 1997.
* [éd.] Otto Hintze : Féodalité, capitalisme et État moderne. Essais d’histoire sociale comparée, chosen and presented by H. Bruhns, Paris : Ed. de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 1991.
* [in coll. with J. Andreau] Parenté et stratégies familiales dans l’Antiquité Romaine, actes de la table ronde des 2-4 octobre 1986 (Paris, Maison des sciences de l’homme), Rome : Palais Farnèse, 1990 (Coll. de l’École Française de Rome, 129).