OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People

The Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People (Romanian: Asociația Transilvană pentru Literatura Română și Cultura Poporului Român, ASTRA) is a cultural association founded in 1861 in Sibiu (Hermannstadt). It had an important role in the cultural life and the movement of national awakening for the Romanians in Transylvania.
Its first president was the ethnic Romanian Orthodox Metropolitan of Sibiu — Andrei Şaguna. Its vice-president was the Greek-Catholic priest Timotei Cipariu, and George Bariţiu was secretary.
Shortly after its founding, the association established a boarding school, museum, and large library in its provenance of Sibiu, and later developed a network of ASTRA libraries in Transylvanian towns. On 7 February 1895, ASTRA decided to edit and publish a Romanian Encyclopedia under the supervision of Cornel Diaconovici. It was published in three volumes between 1898 and 1904, and had an important role in the culture and politics of the Romanians.
Today, the central ASTRA library contains approximately half a million works, mostly acquired through donations of the Transylvanian population, local publishing houses, or publication exchanges organized with other libraries.

## Gallery

* ASTRA Palace in Sibiu
# Putham Pudhu Payanam

Putham Pudhu Payanam (transl. Brand New Journey) is a 1991 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. S. Ravikumar and produced by R. B. Choudary. The film stars Anand Babu, Vivek, Chinni Jayanth, Supergood Kannan and Ravikumar. It was released on 22 November 1991.

## Plot

Vivek, Narayanan and Kannan are admitted to a hospital for treatment. Babu, son of a rich businessman, is also admitted in the same ward as them. They become friends in a short time. They finally come to know that they will live only for a few more months: the four friends have blood cancer. They decide to leave the hospital and travel.
The friends arrive in a small village where Sivalingam spreads terror among the villagers. The friends are accommodated by an old blind woman and her daughter Nirmala. Thereafter, Sivalingam's son Kumar and the poor village girl Nirmala fall in love. After a lot of struggles throughout the events of the film, the four friends succeed in killing Sivalingam and uniting Kumar and Nirmala, sacrificing their lives in the process. The film ends with Kumar and Nirmala laying flowers at the graves of the four friends and Kumar taking Babu's bracelet as a token of their memory.

## Cast

* Anand Babu as Babu
* Vivek as Vivek
* Chinni Jayanth as Narayanan
* Supergood Kannan as Kannan
* K. S. Ravikumar as Sivalingam
* Chithra
* Sukumari
* Sulakshana as Raani, Sivalingam's wife
* V. Gopalakrishnan as Babu's father
* M. R. Krishnamurthy as Narayanan's father
* Loose Mohan as Loose
* Kumarimuthu as 'All in All' Arumugam
* Mohankumar as Kumar
* Nirmala Shyam as Nirmala
* Erode Sounder as Varathan
* Vijayachandrika as Narayanan's mother
* Indiradevi
* Anuja as Varathan's wife
* Thideer Kannaiah as Hospital Patient
* Kango as Kalaiyan
* Nagesh as a doctor (guest appearance)

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Soundaryan, who also wrote the lyrics.
| Song | Duration |
| "Kottukottu" | 5:12 |
| "Kaalai Pani" | 4:52 |
| "Mallige Poo" | 4:55 |
| "Ye Penne" | 4:57 |
| "Padungale" | 4:47 |

## Release and reception

Putham Pudhu Payanam was released on 22 November 1991. N. Krishnaswamy of The Indian Express positively reviewed the film, saying it proved that "commercially viable films can be made with a small cast without stars".
# Cirrula

Cirrula is a genus of North American shore flies in the family Ephydridae.

## Species

* C. austrina (Coquillett, 1900)
* C. gigantea Cresson, 1915
# Murali Naik Bhukya

Murali Naik Bhukya (born 1966) is an Indian politician from Telangana state. He is an MLA from Mahabubabad Assembly constituency which is reserved for ST community Mahabubabad district. He represents Indian National Congress Party and won the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election.

## Early life and education

Naik is from Mahabubabad. He was born to Mangya Naik Bhukya in 1966. He is a medical doctor. He also married a doctor. He did his M.B.B.S. at Osmania Medical College in 1994. Later, he completed his Master of Surgery from Pondicherry University, JIPMER in 2004.

## Career

Naik won the Mahabubabad Assembly constituency representing Indian National Congress in the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election. He polled votes, and defeated his nearest rival Banoth Shankar Naik of Bharat Rashtra Samithi by a margin of 50,171 votes.
# Armour-Bearer and Squire of His Majesty's Body

The Armour-Bearer was one of the Great Offices of the Royal Household in Scotland.
James IV granted the office of Armour-Bearer and Squire of His Majesty's Body to Sir Alexander Seton of Tullibody. This grant, apparently dating from 1488, was renewed by Charles II in 1651 to Sir Alexander's descendant, James Seton of Touch. A claim was made for the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, but the Court of Claims adjudged that no order be made.
It appeared, however, that the holder had been summoned to perform the office in 1876 during the state visit to Scotland of Queen Victoria and he was in attendance for the visit of King George V in 1911.
It is likely that the last holder was Sir Douglas Seton-Steuart, 5th Baronet who died in 1930 with no heirs.

## Sources

* The Laws of Scotland. Stair Memorial Encyclopaedia, Vol 7 The Crown, para 824
# Uzor Osimkpa

Uzoma Okwuchi Osimkpa // is a Nigerian actress popularly known as Uzor Osimkpa. She emerged 5th in the 2012 Gulder Ultimate Search season 9.

## Biography

Osimkpa earned a bachelor's degree in economics education from Abia State University, Nigeria.

### Career

Osimkpa's acting career started in 2004 when she featured in the film Shallow Waters. In 2005, she was featured in the BBC World Service Trust test series Wetin dey. The TV series Do Good and Hustle made her more prominent. Subsequently, she has featured in films and TV series which includes Tinsel, The Maze, Flatmate, Edge of Paradise, Doctors Quarters, amongst others.
Osimkpa contested and emerged fifth in the 2012 Gulder Ultimate Search. She was however eliminated after breaking a rule by removing the shameful stump from her leg as punishment for finishing last in the final challenge titled 'Wave your Flag'

## Filmography

Films :
| Year | Title | Role | Genre | Selected cast |
| 2023 | The Black Book | Adaobi | Thriller | Richard Mofe- Damijo Ade Laoye Sam Dede Shaffy Bello |
| 2023 | A Sunday Affair | Kelechi | Romance | Oris Erhuero Dakore Akande Moses Akerele |
| 2022 | The Set Up 2 | Imade | Drama Crime | Grace Abah Oyindamola Adewale Lilian Afegbai |
| 2021 | Detour | | Thriller | Monalisa Chinda Kanayo O. Kanayo Jemima Osunde |
| 2020 | Omambala | Azuka | Thriller | Sola Sobowale Jim Iyke Nancy Isime Angela Nwosu |
| 2020 | No more Secrets | Alero | Drama | Ifeanyi Kalu Anthony Monjaro Kyle Remi |
| 2019 | Love is War | Linda | | Shaffy Bello Yemi Blaq Femi Branch Omoni Oboli Jide Kosoko Richard Mofe-Damijo |
| 2019 | My Neighbour | Claire | Drama | Tana Adelana Teco Benson Mofe Duncan Kevin Bosco |
| 2018 | Just Before I Do | | Drama | Shaffy Bello Judith Bello Hafiz Oyetoro Kunle Popoola |
| 2017 | Dance to My Beat | Chacha | Romance Comedy | Toyin Abraham Lillian Afegbai Kehinde Bankole Joseph Benjamin |
| 2015 | Fifty | Sade | Drama Romance | Iretiola Doyle Nse Ikpe-Etim Omoni Oboli Wale Ojo |
| 2014 | Oblivious | Sarah | Short drama | Diyemi Okanlanwo Kiki Omeili |
| 2014 | Love, Lies & Alibi | | Drama | Omowunmi Dada Felix Imhokodion |
TV Series :
| Year | Title | Role | Genre | Selected cast |
| 2017 | Fifty | Sade | Drama Romance | Dakore Akande Iretiola Doyle Timini Egbuson Linda Osifo |
| 2015 | Desperate House Girls | Ada | Comedy Romance | Bimbo Ademoye Ini Edo Uzor Arukwe Belinda Effah Ufuoma McDermott |
| 2008 | Tinsel | | Drama | Stan Nze Osas Ighodaro Kalu Ikeagwu |

## Accolades

In 2017 Uzor was nominated for City People Movies Awards category - The Best Upcoming Actress in an English film Uzor Osimkpa emerged fifth in the 2012 Gulder Ultimate Search, this season was held at Usaka, Obot Akara, Akwa Ibom State.
# Yōta Kyōda

Yōta Kyōda (京田 陽太, Kyōda Yōta, born April 20, 1994 in Nomi, Ishikawa, Japan) is a Japanese professional baseball infielder for the Yokohama DeNA BayStars of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He has previously played in NPB for the Chunichi Dragons.
Kyōda was the 2017 Central League Rookie of the Year and was previously the player's representative for the Dragons.

## Career
### Chunichi Dragons

On October 20, 2016, Kyōda was selected as the 2nd draft pick for the Chunichi Dragons at the 2016 NPB Draft and on 26 November signed a provisional contract with a ¥85,000,000 sign-on bonus and a ¥12,000,000 yearly salary.
On February 27, 2019, he was selected for Japan national baseball team at the 2019 exhibition games against Mexico.

### Yokohama DeNA BayStars

On November 18, 2022, Kyōda was traded to the Yokohama DeNA BayStars in exchange for Yoshiki Sunada.
# Anton Edthofer

Anton Franz Edthofer (18 September 1883 – 21 February 1971) was an Austrian actor. He married Helene Thimig on December 4, 1948 and they remained married until his death.

## Partial filmography

* The Sacrifice (1918)
* Freier Dienst (1918) - Landovsky
* Maria Magdalena (1919)
* The Eyes of the World (1920) - Heinz Kay
* Moj (1920) - Josef Tschamberl
* The Secret of Bombay (1921) - Schiffsarzt Vittorio
* Four Around a Woman (1921) - Werner Krafft - William Krafft sein Zwillingsbruder
* The Love Corridor (1921) - Graf Troll
* Eine Frau mit Vergangenheit (1921)
* Hazard (1921) - Ihr Bruder, der Gentleman Dieb
* Playing with Fire (1921)
* The Oath of Stephan Huller (1921) - Friedrich Huller
* Father Won't Allow It (1921) - Toni Biebelhuber
* Barmaid (1922) - Dr. Harry Dorn
* Countess Walewska (1922) - Graf D'Evians, zeitweiliger Adjutant
* Insulted and Humiliated (1922)
* Shadows of the Past (1922) - Jens Holmberg - Artist
* Phantom (1922) - Wigottschinski
* Nora (1923) - Dr. Rank
* Fridericus Rex - 3. Teil: Sanssouci (1923) - Prinz Wilhelm
* The Princess Suwarin (1923) - Mniewski
* Bob und Mary (1923) - Bob
* The Street (1923) - Zuhälter
* Boarding House Groonen (1925)
* The Guardsman (1927) - Kritiker
* Die Strecke (1927) - Unterbeamter Kramer
* Artists (1928) - Der Todesfahrer Henrik Elcot
* Sensations-Prozess (1928) - Baron Gart
* The Burning Heart (1929) - Baron
* Poor as a Church Mouse (1931) - Baron Thomas von Ullrich
* Madame Bluebeard (1931) - Schiereisen
* Dreaming Lips (1932) - Peter
* Moral und Liebe (1933)
* A Precocious Girl (1934) - Dr. Lohnau
* A Woman Who Knows What She Wants (1934) - Erik Mattisson, Großindustrieller
* Pygmalion (1935) - Oberst Pickering
* Die Pompadour (1935) - Ludwig XV
* The Emperor's Candlesticks (1936) - Erzherzog Ludwig
* The Unexcused Hour (1937) - Dr. Karl Henning - Professor
* Der Hampelmann (1938) - Nikolaus Rohr
* Wie ein Dieb in der Nacht (1945)
* The Other Life (1948) - General Rissius
* The Angel with the Trumpet (1948) - Kaiser Franz Josef
* Viennese Girls (1949) - Hofrat Munk
* The Angel with the Trumpet (1950) - Emperor Franz Joseph
# Monte Pelmo

Monte Pelmo is a mountain of the Dolomites, in the province of Belluno, Northeastern Italy.
The mountain resembles a giant block which stands isolated from other peaks, so can be seen clearly from the neighbouring valleys and from nearby mountains such as Antelao and Monte Civetta.
Monte Pelmo was the first major Dolomite peak to be climbed; Englishman John Ball, who later became president of the UK's Alpine Club, succeeded in his ascent in 1877. He set out with a chamois hunter from the Boitevalley towards Monte Pelmo. Over the long ledge named after Ball, which the chamois hunters refused to cross, Ball got into the large cirque, through which he climbed over the small Pelmo glacier to below the summit structure.
West of the summit lies a secondary peak, Pelmetto (meaning "Little Pelmo" in Italian), at 2,990m high, which has a 1,100-metre (3,609 ft) high north face.
There are only a few possibilities for climbing the peak, owing to its unique structure. The best known (and easiest) ascent leads over the south-east flank. The route of the first climbers still offers a rewarding but long and strenuous mountain tour in the second degree of difficulty. Problems can be found with the above-mentioned, exposed ball band. Climbing skills and surefootedness are necessary. The ascent of Monte Pelmo should also be carried out in safe weather and without snow.
On some rocks on its western side people can admire dinosaurs prints (Sign "Orme di Dinosauri"). These are the traces of at least three dinosaurs that are approx. 220 million years old. From the path to the tracks you walk steeply uphill for about half an hour.
This mountain is surnamed "God's armchair" because its shape looks like a huge armchair.

## Gallery

* Monte Pelmo
* Rifugio Città di Fiume with Monte Pelmo
* Pelmo da Palafavera
* Monte Pelmo e Pelmetto
* on the ball band
* animation
# Denoon Duncan

Douglas Denoon Duncan (15 February 1893 – 20 May 1955) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He played as a Prop.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

Duncan went to South African College before attending Oxford University.
Duncan played rugby union for Oxford University.

### Provincial career

He played for Provinces District on 20 December 1919 against Cities District.
He played for Scotland Probables in the 10 January 1920 final trial match of the season. The Probables beat the Possibles side by 19 points to 5 points. He played again for the Probables the following year on 8 January 1921.

### International career

Duncan was capped 4 times for Scotland, all in the 1920 Five Nations Championship.

## Family

His father was James Denoon Duncan (1861–1934) from Greenock, Scotland. He went to South Africa, and was an advocate for its union. He became a Senator of the Union of South Africa in 1932.
The Liverpool Echo announced James Denoon Duncan's death on Thursday 31 May 1934 quoting Reuters:
   BOER WAR ADVISER CAPE TOWN. Thursday. The death is announced of Senator Denoon Duncan, who acted as legal adviser to the British military authorities in the Boer War. Born at Greenock. Scotland, in 1961, Mr. Duncan was nominated Senator in 1932. He died on the eve of the twenty-fourth anniversary of the Union, of which was a prominent advocate. — Reuters.
James Denoon Duncan married Sophie Elizabeth Alexander (1868–1954) on 27 November 1889. It was reported in the Greenock Telegraph of 4 January 1890:
   James Denoon Duncan, attorney, son of J.D. Duncan, formerly with Greenock Customs, to Sophie, daughter of J.G. Alexander at Kimberley, South Africa on 27th November 1889.
Douglas Denoon Duncan married Ray Evelyn Reynolds.
# Charles F. Dowd

Charles F. Dowd (1825–1904) was an American educator who was co-principal (with his wife Harriet M. Dowd) of the Temple Grove Ladies Seminary (now Skidmore College) in Saratoga Springs, New York. He was the first person to propose multiple time zones for any country, those for the railways of the United States. He did not propose their extension to the entire world, which was suggested by the Italian mathematician Quirico Filopanti, and championed by the Canadian engineer Sandford Fleming.

## Biography

About 1863, he first proposed time zones for United States railways to teenage girls whom he was teaching. In 1869, he presented his idea to a committee of railway superintendents in New York. As a result, in 1870 he published a pamphlet entitled "A System of National Time for Railroads" wherein he proposed four time zones, each 15° wide, the time of each being one hour different from the next, named Washington, first, second, and third hours. The central meridian of the first zone was the Washington meridian. The borders of all zones were lines of longitude. In 1872, he modified his proposal so that the first zone was centered on the 75th meridian west of Greenwich, with the others 90°, 105°, and 120° west of Greenwich. Now all had geographic borders, such as the Appalachian Mountains for a portion of the border between the first and second zones.
Except for meridians based on Greenwich, the system adopted by the railroad industry on 18 November 1883 ignored Dowd's proposal. The adopted system by William F. Allen, editor of the Traveler's Official Railway Guide, had borders that passed through railway terminals, even some in major cities, like Detroit, Buffalo, Pittsburgh, Atlanta, and Charleston—these formed the border between the eastern and central time zones. It included a fifth time zone for eastern Canada, called Intercolonial Time after the Intercolonial Railway serving eastern Canada. Each of these boundary cities had to adopt one of the two railroad zones or continue to use local mean solar time. The 1918 Standard Time Act moved the borders to relatively rural areas.
Dowd died underneath the wheels of a locomotive in Saratoga, New York, in 1904.
# Shehzad Butt

Shehzad Butt (born 4 February 1974) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who played for Lahore cricket team.
# Double Trouble (2012 film)

Double Trouble (寶島雙雄) is a 2012 Taiwanese action comedy film directed by David Chang and starring Jaycee Chan and Xia Yu.

## Cast

* Jaycee Chan
* Xia Yu
* Chang Fei
* Jessica Cambensy
* Amber Ann
* Vivian Dawson
* Chen Han-dian
# The Best FIFA Goalkeeper

The Best FIFA Goalkeeper is an association football award presented annually by the sport's governing body, FIFA, to the world's best men's and women's goalkeeper.

## The Best FIFA Men's Goalkeeper Award winners

| Year | Rank | Player | Club(s) played for | National team | Votes |
| 2017 | 1 | Gianluigi Buffon | Juventus | Italy | 42.42% |
| 2017 | 2 | Manuel Neuer | Bayern Munich | Germany | 32.32% |
| 2017 | 3 | Keylor Navas | Real Madrid | Costa Rica | 10.10% |
| 2018 | 1 | Thibaut Courtois | Chelsea | Belgium | — |
| 2018 | 2 | Hugo Lloris | Tottenham Hotspur | France | — |
| 2018 | 3 | Kasper Schmeichel | Leicester City | Denmark | — |
| 2019 | 1 | Alisson | Liverpool | Brazil | 45 |
| 2019 | 2 | Marc-André ter Stegen | Barcelona | Germany | 41 |
| 2019 | 3 | Ederson | Manchester City | Brazil | 24 |
| 2020 | 1 | Manuel Neuer | Bayern Munich | Germany | 28 |
| 2020 | 2 | Alisson | Liverpool | Brazil | 20 |
| 2020 | 3 | Jan Oblak | Atlético Madrid | Slovenia | 12 |
| 2021 | 1 | Édouard Mendy | Chelsea | Senegal | 24 |
| 2021 | 2 | Gianluigi Donnarumma | Milan Paris Saint-Germain | Italy | 24 |
| 2021 | 3 | Manuel Neuer | Bayern Munich | Germany | 12 |
| 2022 | 1 | Emiliano Martínez | Aston Villa | Argentina | 26 |
| 2022 | 2 | Thibaut Courtois | Real Madrid | Belgium | 20 |
| 2022 | 3 | Yassine Bounou | Sevilla | Morocco | 14 |
| 2023 | 1 | Ederson | Manchester City | Brazil | 23 |
| 2023 | 2 | Thibaut Courtois | Real Madrid | Belgium | 20 |
| 2023 | 3 | Yassine Bounou | Sevilla Al Hilal | Morocco | 16 |
| 2024 | 1 | Emiliano Martínez | Aston Villa | Argentina | 26 |
| 2024 | 2 | Ederson | Manchester City | Brazil | 16 |
| 2024 | 3 | Unai Simón | Athletic Bilbao | Spain | 13 |

## The Best FIFA Women's Goalkeeper Award winners

| Year | Rank | Player | Club(s) played for | National team | Votes |
| 2019 | 1 | Sari van Veenendaal | Arsenal Atlético Madrid | Netherlands | — |
| 2019 | 2 | Christiane Endler | Paris Saint-Germain | Chile | — |
| 2019 | 3 | Hedvig Lindahl | Chelsea VfL Wolfsburg | Sweden | — |
| 2020 | 1 | Sarah Bouhaddi | Lyon | France | 24 |
| 2020 | 2 | Christiane Endler | Paris Saint-Germain | Chile | 22 |
| 2020 | 3 | Alyssa Naeher | Chicago Red Stars | United States | 10 |
| 2021 | 1 | Christiane Endler | Paris Saint-Germain Lyon | Chile | 26 |
| 2021 | 2 | Stephanie Labbé | FC Rosengård Paris Saint-Germain | Canada | 20 |
| 2021 | 3 | Ann-Katrin Berger | Chelsea | Germany | 14 |
| 2022 | 1 | Mary Earps | Manchester United | England | 26 |
| 2022 | 2 | Christiane Endler | Lyon | Chile | 22 |
| 2022 | 3 | Ann-Katrin Berger | Chelsea | Germany | 10 |
| 2023 | 1 | Mary Earps | Manchester United | England | 28 |
| 2023 | 2 | Cata Coll | Barcelona | Spain | 14 |
| 2023 | 3 | Mackenzie Arnold | West Ham United | Australia | 12 |
| 2024 | 1 | Alyssa Naeher | Chicago Red Stars | United States | 26 |
| 2024 | 2 | Cata Coll | Barcelona | Spain | 22 |
| 2024 | 2 | Mary Earps | Manchester United Paris Saint Germain | England | 11 |
# Maxwell Maxwell-Gumbleton

Maxwell Homfray Maxwell-Gumbleton (born Maxwell Homfray Smith; 17 June 1872 – 1 February 1952) was an Anglican bishop in the first half of the 20th century.
Maxwell-Gumbleton was born into a legal family. His father was a Puisne Judge in Jamaica. He was educated at Repton School and Peterhouse and ordained in 1896. After a curacy in Pucklechurch, during which time he married Ella Gillum, he rose rapidly in the Church hierarchy, becoming successively Vicar of Colerne, Rural Dean of Chippenham and Bishop of Ballarat. In 1916 he changed his surname from Smith to Maxwell-Gumbleton under direction of his great uncle's will (in order to remain eligible to inherit his estate). After 10 years as Bishop of Ballarat, he returned to England, where he was appointed as an assistant bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich from 1931 – a position which was later expanded to become the bishop suffragan of Dunwich in 1934. He was additionally Archdeacon of Sudbury from 1932 to 1945.
# John B. Glen

John Baird Glen, also known as Iain Glen, is a Scottish veterinarian. Glen is the first to have synthesized the anesthetic propofol.

## Biography

Born in Scotland, Glen grew up on a small farm. He studied veterinary medicine at the University of Glasgow. After the completion of his study, he became a practicing animal surgeon.
In 1973, while working at Imperial Chemical Industries in Alderly Park, Cheshire, England, Glen studied large series of compounds to identify those with desirable anesthetic and hypnotic properties, synthesizing propofol. Glen was able to solubilize the formula with soybean oil and purified egg lecithin. In 2018, he received the prestigious Lasker Award for discovering propofol.
# Asim Kamal

Asim Kamal (born 31 May 1976) is a Pakistani former cricketer who played for the Pakistan national cricket team between 2003 and 2005.
He scored 99 against South Africa on his Test debut. Kamal has played 12 Tests (20 innings) since his debut. Kamal has made 87 against Australia, and a 91, and 73 against India. Kamal has scored 8 half-centuries. He has also taken 10 catches.
# Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (German for 'Outline of the comparative grammar of the Indo-Germanic languages') is a major work of historical linguistics by Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology and morphology, and Delbrück treated syntax. The grammar of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies, after Franz Bopp's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.

## First edition

* Brugmann
** Volume I: Phonology (1886)
** Volume II, Part I: Noun (1888)
** Volume II, Part II: Numerals and Pronouns, Verb (1892)
** Indices (1893)
* Delbrück
** Volume III: Syntax, Part I (1893)
** Volume IV: Syntax, Part II (1897)
** Volume V: Syntax, Part III (1900)
The volumes of the first edition were translated into English by Joseph Wright (Volume I), Robert S. Conway and William H. D. Rouse (Volume II and the Indices) shortly after their appearance.

## Second edition

Immediately after publication of the first edition, Brugmann began to work on an extensively revised second edition of his portion of the Grundriß:
* Volume I: (1897)
* Volume II.1: (1906)
* Volume II.2: (1911)
* Volume II.3: (1916)