OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Goldring

Sir John Bernard Goldring (born 9 November 1944, Leicester) is a British judge. He currently sits as the President of the Cayman Islands Court of Appeal, and serves as the Deputy Investigatory Powers Commissioner. He formerly sat on the Court of Appeal of England and Wales.

## Early life and education

John Goldring was born in Leicester and educated at local schools, including Wyggeston Grammar School for Boys. He read law at the University of Exeter, before following a pupillage in the Midlands.

## Career

He was called to the bar (Lincoln's Inn) in 1969 and made a Bencher in 1996. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1987. He was a Recorder in the Crown Court from 1987 to 1999, and was appointed a Deputy High Court Judge in 1996. On 1 October 1997, he was appointed to the High Court of Justice and assigned to the Queen's Bench Division; he received the customary knighthood the same year. He was appointed a Lord Justice of Appeal on 12 January 2009, whereupon he was appointed to the Privy Council.
He served as Deputy Senior Presiding Judge from October 2008 until his promotion to Senior Presiding Judge for England and Wales on 1 January 2010. His three-year term ended on 31 December 2012. He also served as a deputy senior judge of the Sovereign Base Areas of Cyprus, a deputy High Court judge, and a judge of the Courts of Appeal of Jersey and Guernsey.
He was appointed as a member of the Judicial Appointments Commission in February 2006, as representative for the judiciary.
It was announced in 2014 that he would be the coroner of fresh inquests for victims of the Hillsborough disaster.

## Personal life

Lord Justice Goldring lives in Oakham, Rutland with his wife, Wendy. Lady Goldring is Vice Lord Lieutenant and a past High Sheriff of the County.
# David VIII

David VIII (Georgian: დავით VIII; 1273–1311), from the Bagrationi dynasty, was king (mepe) of Central and Eastern Georgia in 1292–1302 and 1308–1311.
Eldest son of Demetrius II of Georgia by his Trapezuntine wife, he was appointed by the Ilkhan ruler Gaykhatu as king of Georgia as reward for his military service during the Rümelian uprising in 1293. Succeeding his cousin Vakhtang II, David's rule actually extended only over the eastern part of the kingdom, whereas western Georgia had been under the Imeretian branch of the House of Bagrationi since 1259.
In 1295, he supported Baydu in an internal conflict in the Ilkhanate. However, Baydu was killed and Ghazan became a khan. Ghazan ordered the Georgian king to arrive to his capital Tabriz. Remembering the fate of his father, David refused to comply and began preparations for war. Ghazan Khan responded with a punitive expedition, and ravaged the country. Supported by the Mongols, Ossetians attacked Shida Kartli province and occupied the Liakhvi River gorge. David entrenched himself in the Mtiuleti mountains and defeated a large Mongol force in a desperate guerilla fighting at Tsikare. Then, the Khan declared him deposed and appointed David's younger brother George V as king in 1299.
Although backed by the Mongol forces, the power of George did not extend out of the Georgian capital Tbilisi, and the Khan replaced him by another brother, Vakhtang III, in 1302. The new king led a Mongol army against David, but could not penetrate deeply into the largely mountainous provinces held by the rebels, and a truce was negotiated. David was recognized as joint sovereign with his brother and received the princedom of Alastani in the southern province of Javakheti. He developed friendly relations with the Egyptian Mamluks, the traditional rivals of the Ilkhanate, and, mediated by Byzantium, achieved the restoration of the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem to the Georgian Orthodox Church in 1305.
He was succeeded by his son George VI in 1311.

## Family

David VIII married in 1292 the Mongolian princess Oljath, daughter of Abaqa Khan and widow of King Vakhtang II, their sons were:
* Melchizedek
* Andronicus
And then to a daughter of the Georgian nobleman Hamada Surameli, by whom he had a son:
* George VI of Georgia, King of Georgia

## Coinage

Two types of coins issued in David's name survive, silver and copper coins, stuck in 1297 and 1310, respectively. The gap between these two periods is filled with the emissions of David's brother Vakhtang III.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of David VIII :
# Skelley Adu Tutu

Skelley Adu Tutu (born August 10, 1979, in Kumasi) is a Ghanaian football striker.

## International career

Adu Tutu represented the Ghana national under-20 football team in the 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship.
# Picogen

Picogen is a rendering system for the creation and rendering of artificial terrain, based on ray tracing. It is free software.

## Overview

While the primary purpose of picogen is to display realistic 3D terrain, both in terms of terrain formation and image plausibility, it also is a heightmap-creation tool, in which heightmaps are programmed in a syntax reminiscent of Lisp.
The shading system is partially programmable.

## Example features

* Whitted-Style ray tracer for quick previews
* Rudimentary path tracer for high quality results
* Partial implementation of Preetham's Sun-/Skylight Model
* Procedural heightmaps, though before rendering they are tesselated

## Frontends

Currently there is a frontend to picogen, called picogen-wx (based on wxWidgets). It is encapsulated from picogen and thus communicates with it on command-line level. Picogen-wx provides several panels to design the different aspects of a landscape, e.g. the Sun/Sky- or the Terrain-Texture-Panel. Each panel has its own preview window, though each preview window can be reached from any other panel.
Landscapes can be loaded and saved through an own, simple XML-based file format, and images of arbitrary size (including antialiasing) can be saved.
# Tioga, Florida

Tioga is a mixed-use development located about three miles west of Gainesville in unincorporated Alachua County, Florida, United States.
Tioga can be found along Florida State Road 26 east of the overlap with County Road 241.

## Demographics

In 2013, the Tioga area had an average household income of $84,487 and an average age of 37.45 years. By comparison, Alachua County as a whole had an average household income of $38,075 and an average age of 29.00 years.
# Mahony Historic District

The Mahony Historic District encompasses a residential part of El Dorado, Arkansas north of its downtown area. It was an area of significant development in the years after the 1921 discovery of oil and the ensuing economic boom. The area is bounded on the south by Champagnolle Road, on the west by a line just east of North Madison Avenue, on the north by East 5th Street, and on the east by North Lee Avenue and railroad tracks. It is just over 14 acres (5.7 ha) in size, and includes 94 buildings that contribute to its significance. The streets in the district are laid out in grid form, accounting for the fact that Champagnolle Road runs diagonally from southwest to northeast. Most of the housing in the district consists of modest single-story houses, with simple styling. This is a contrast to the adjacent Murphy-Hill Historic District, a more affluent area with a longer history of development. Only five houses in the district were built before 1920, and all lie on Champagnolle Road; most of the rest were built in the decade after the oil discovery. There is one church in the district, St. Mary's Episcopal Church, completed in 1950. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.
* White two-story, green roof
* Olive bungalow
* Tan bungalow
* White two-story, red-brown roof
# Torres, Riverside County, California

Torres is a locale on land of the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians in Riverside County, California.
Torres is the site of the former Cahuilla village known as Los Toros. Immediately south of that site is the Toro Cemetery. Los Toros was a stage stop between Indian Wells and Martinez on the Bradshaw Trail from 1866 to the 1880s.
# Town West, Texas

Townewest is an unincorporated area in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States. As Town West, it is a former census-designated place, active as of the 1990 U.S. Census. By the 2000 U.S. Census, it was no longer listed.
The former CDP is in the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Houston.
It was developed by the company U.S. Homes circa 1979. It includes a clubhouse.

## Government and infrastructure

Northeast Fort Bend County Volunteer Fire Department maintains Station #1 in the former Townewest CDP.

## Education

The former CDP is in the Fort Bend Independent School District.
Much of the former CDP is zoned to: Townewest Elementary School. A portion to the southwest is zoned to Sugar Mill Elementary School and a portion to the southeast is zoned to Barrington Place Elementary School. All residents are zoned to Sugar Land Middle School and Kempner High School.
The Texas Legislature specifies that the Houston Community College (HCC) boundary includes "the part of the Fort Bend Independent School District that is not located in the service area of the Wharton County Junior College District and that is adjacent to the Houston Community College System District." Wharton College's boundary within FBISD is defined only as the City of Sugar Land and the ETJ of Sugar Land, and Town West is not in the Sugar Land ETJ. Town West is in HCC.
# Lake Herbert G. West

Lake Herbert G. West (or Lake West) is a reservoir formed by the Lower Monumental Dam in the U.S. state of Washington. It extends up the Snake River for 28 miles (45 km) to the tailwater of Little Goose Dam. It has a surface area of 6,590 acres (27 km²), a maximum storage capacity of 432,000 acre-feet (533,000,000 m$^3$), normally kept at 377,000 acre-feet (465,000,000 m$^3$).
As the reservoir filled in 1968, it flooded several archaeological sites, including the Marmes Rockshelter, which contained the oldest known artifacts in Washington, dating back over 10,000 years.
The lake was named for Herbert G. West, a major promoter of inland navigation on the Columbia and Snake rivers.
# Main Street Historic District (Newberry, South Carolina)

Main Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Newberry, Newberry County, South Carolina. The district encompasses 51 contributing buildings in an upper-class neighborhood of Newberry. The district includes residences dating from about 1840 to 1950. They include notable examples of the Italianate, Greek Revival, Neoclassical styles. Also located in the district is the St. Luke's Episcopal Church and the Newberry Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Abrahamites

The Abrahamites (not to be confused with the descendants of the patriarch Abraham, i.e. the Northern Arabs and Jews) were a sect of deists in Bohemia in the 18th century, who professed to be followers of the pre-circumcised Abraham. Believing in one God, but rejecting the Trinity, original sin, and the perpetuity of punishment for sin, they contented themselves with the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer. Declining to be classed either as Christians or Jews, they were excluded from the edict of toleration promulgated by Emperor Joseph II in 1781, and deported to various parts of the country, the men being drafted into frontier regiments. Some became Roman Catholics, and those who retained their "Abrahamite" views were not able to hand them on to the next generation.
They are not to be confused with the ninth-century Syrian group also known as the Abrahamite monks, who were exterminated by the iconoclastic emperor Theophilus.
# A10 motorway (Belgium)

The A10 is one of the major motorways in Belgium, connecting Brussels and Ostend (the Belgian coast), via Aalst, Ghent and Bruges. It is part of the European route E40.
As the oldest motorway in Belgium, construction of the motorway began in 1937.
# Manuel de Oliveira Lima

Manoel de Oliveira Lima (1867–1928) was a Brazilian writer, literary critic, diplomat, historian, and journalist.
Manoel de Oliveira Lima was born in Recife, state of Pernambuco, Empire of Brazil on December 25, 1867.
He represented Brazil in several countries and was a visiting professor at Harvard University. He was a founding member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Passionate about books, he collected them throughout his life and assembled the third largest collection on Brazil, losing only to the National Library of Brazil and to the library of the University of São Paulo. The Oliveira Lima Library, located at the Catholic University of America, Washington, US, has 58,000 books in addition to correspondence exchanged with intellectuals, more than six hundred paintings and countless albums of clippings with newspaper news. It is part of the collection also one of the three busts of Dom Pedro I sculpted by Marc Ferrez (uncle of the eponymous photographer), the only one of the three made in bronze.
He died at Washington, D.C., on March 24, 1928.
# Lower Lisbon Street Historic District

The Lower Lisbon Street Historic District encompasses part of the earliest commercial center of Lewiston, Maine. Located on the west side of Lisbon Street, the city's main commercial area, between Cedar and Chestnut Streets are a collection of commercial buildings representing a cross section of architectural styles, built between 1850 and 1950. When the historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985, it included 18 buildings. Eleven of these have since been demolished, and one has a significantly altered facade.

## Description and history

The city of Lewiston was established in 1850 as a center for the manufacture of textiles, and its downtown area developed along Lisbon Street between then and about 1920, when the textile mills began a slow decline. The upper portion of Lisbon Street, between Main and Chestnut Streets, experienced intensive repeated development, and little of the city's early commercial architecture survives there. The lower part of the street was less intensively developed, resulting in a collection of buildings architecturally representative of the entire period of development. The historic district extends for one city block, including all of the buildings on the west side of Lisbon Street between Chestnut and Cedar Streets. The older buildings on the east side of this block have for the most part been razed and the land redeveloped, with only the First and Second Callahan Buildings (both separately listed on the National Register) at the northern end; they are not included in this district.
When listed on the National Register in 1985, the west side of this block was lined with commercial buildings, most of them built of brick and masonry. Of the eighteen buildings then on the block, twelve were judged historically significant, and only seven are still standing. One of the surviving buildings is the district's oldest, a 2+1⁄2-story wood frame gable-front building built c. 1850–55. It is flanked by later four-story buildings, one Romanesque and the other Classical Revival, dating to 1914 and 1896 respectively. To the south stand two more buildings, one four stories and the other one, with commercial Italianate style, but a significantly-altered combined ground-floor storefront. Two three-story brick buildings still stand near the northern end of the block, one of which, the Centennial Block, has Gothic Victorian styling.
# Presbytery of Detroit

The Presbytery of Detroit is one of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) Presbyteries within the Synod of the Covenant. It consists of 72 congregations in Southeast Michigan.
# Delmarva Christian High School

Delmarva Christian High School is a private Christian high school located in Georgetown, Delaware, the geographic center, and county seat of Sussex County.

## Background

In April 1999 a group of Sussex County educators, businesspeople, pastors, and parents came together to form Delmarva Christian Schools, Inc., to address the issue of high school education for Christian high school students. Delmarva is not a charter school, but privately funded.
38°41′50″N 75°22′05″W﻿ / ﻿38.6971°N 75.3681°W﻿ / 38.6971; -75.3681
* This Delaware school-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Denton Calvary Academy

33°14′05″N 97°06′33″W﻿ / ﻿33.2347°N 97.1091°W﻿ / 33.2347; -97.1091 Denton Calvary Academy (DCA, also formerly known as Calvary Preparatory Academy or CPA) is a private, co-educational Christian school in Denton, Texas, United States. DCA is a member of Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI), Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, and the Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools (TAPPS).
Founded in 1999, DCA serves students from kindergarten through 12th grade. In 1999, it had ninety-five students in grades 1–10. In the 2007-2008 school year, the number of students was 278. As of 2007, DCA has twenty-three teachers and a student–teacher ratio of 12.1.
Denton Calvary Academy's school year has 96 days. Each school day is 7.8 hours.
# Potrace

Potrace (/ˈpoʊtreɪs/) is cross-platform, open-source software which converts bitmapped images into vector graphics. It is written and maintained by Peter Selinger.

## Properties

Various graphical frontends are available for the command-line application Potrace. Notably, it has been integrated with Inkscape, giving Inkscape its Trace Bitmap action. FontForge can use Potrace to import a bitmap image into a font. Potrace is also used by the music engraving program LilyPond. An open-source progressive web app that uses Potrace is SVGcode.
Potrace's input and output is black and white (colored images are greyscaled before processing). However, Inkscape is capable of producing color images by decomposing each channel into several black and white images and tracing them separately with Potrace. The commercial Total Vectorize program also uses Potrace as its core.
Potrace is licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.0 or later. A non-GPL version of Potrace called "Potrace Professional" is available under license from Selinger's company, Icosasoft Software, Inc.

## Examples

* Source image JPEG grayscale (891×1,077 pixel, 119 KB)
* Traced with Potrace in Inkscape to an eight-color SVG image in 2006 (50 KB)
* Traced with Potrace in Inkscape to an eight-color SVG image in 2012 (336 KB)
* Traced with Potrace in Inkscape to a twelve-color SVG image in 2012 (608 KB)
* Traced with Potrace in Inkscape to a sixteen-color SVG image in 2012 (743 KB)
# Pylint

Pylint is a static code analysis tool for the Python programming language. It is named following a common convention in Python of a "py" prefix, and a nod to the C programming lint program. It follows the style recommended by PEP 8, the Python style guide. It is similar to Pychecker and Pyflakes, but includes the following features:
* Checking the length of each line
* Checking that variable names are well-formed according to the project's coding standard
* Checking that declared interfaces are truly implemented.
It is also equipped with the Pyreverse module that allows UML diagrams to be generated from Python code.
It can be used as a stand-alone program, but also integrates with IDEs such as Eclipse with PyDev, Spyder and Visual Studio Code, and editors such as Atom, GNU Emacs and Vim.
# RMG (program)

RMG (Real Space MultiGrid) is an open source density functional theory electronic structure code distributed under the GNU General Public License. It solves Kohn-Sham equations directly on a 3D real space grid without using basis set functions. RMG is highly scalable; it has been run on supercomputers with thousands of CPU cores.

## Description

RMG's main feature is that it uses real-space mesh as a basis, rather plane waves or other types of basis set functions. This formulation lends itself to a straightforward parallelization, because each processor can be assigned a region of space. This avoids the need for Fourier transforms, and makes RMG highly scalable. The multigrid method is used to solve Poisson equation and to accelerate convergence. Mehrstellen discretization, which is shorter ranged than the commonly used than central difference discretization, is used to represent the kinetic energy operator. This decreases the cost of processor-to-processor communication, which is advantageous for the use on massively parallel supercomputers.
Domain decomposition is used to assign different regions of space to individual CPU cores or nodes. RMG scales nearly linearly up to 100k processor cores and 20k GPUs on Cray XK6.
RMG was originally developed in 1993–1994 at North Carolina State University. It was written in C with small parts being in FORTRAN. The current version uses a mixture of C and C++. MPI is used for inter-node communication and C++11 threads for intra-node parallelization. Other libraries used are Lapack, ScaLAPACK, FFTW, libxc and spglib.
RMG runs on laptops, desktops, workstations, clusters or supercomputers. It can run on Linux, Unix, Windows and Mac OS X operating systems.
# Rocks'n'Diamonds

Rocks'n'Diamonds is a puzzle video game with elements of Boulder Dash, Supaplex, Emerald Mine, Solomon's Key, and Sokoban. It is free software under the GNU GPL-2.0-only license created by Artsoft Entertainment and designed by Holger Schemel.

## Gameplay

Rocks'n'Diamonds features gameplay elements from all the games mentioned above, usually in the form of sub-games, although levels can feature combinations of elements from any of the games mentioned above, as well as new ones.
There are currently more than 50,000 levels available on Rocks'n'Diamonds-related pages. Rocks'n'Diamonds can also read native levels from the games Emerald Mine, Supaplex and Diamond Caves II.

### Boulder Dash

The Boulder Dash game involves collecting a set number of diamonds after which an exit door opens through which the player can enter the next level. The levels are filled with dirt which can be dug simply by moving through it. This creates empty space. Diamonds can be collected by moving into them. Rocks and diamonds can rest on dirt, walls (only indestructible and slippery/magic walls), or other rocks and gems, but once these are removed (or the space next to them), they will fall down. This is sometimes useful, as the player can drop things on top of monsters (butterflies and fireflies) roaming the levels. Some destroyed monsters drop gems necessary to achieve the necessary number to complete the level. Amoeba can be dangerous and unpredictable, but also occasionally useful for several reasons of too few diamonds, or if you need to destroy a monster.

### Supaplex and Emerald Mine

The Supaplex and Emerald Mine games can be considered clones of Boulder Dash themselves, although they have added elements, including explosives, acid, locked doors with matched keys, and more. Rocks'n'Diamonds provides a download of approximately 50000 Emerald Mine levels, however, it can only play a very limited amount of them under its primary engine; because of this, it utilizes an older version of Emerald Mine for X11 to play those levels.

### Sokoban

The Sokoban game is a puzzle, and can be considered to be viewed from above, as its elements are not affected by gravity. This game lets the player push giant light bulbs into sockets in order to finish the level.

### Level editor

The game includes a level editor that lets the player create custom levels. The game also supports custom graphics, as well as whole new level elements which can be created without any programming knowledge.

## Development

With its release in 1995, it is one of the earliest games available for Linux, and it also runs on MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X. The MS-DOS version is based on code by Guido Schulz. The native Emerald Mine game engine is based on an older version of Emerald Mine for X11 by David Tritscher, which is used to read and play all native Emerald Mine levels.
Since 2014 the source code is available via a Git repository. The game was later ported to various platforms, for instance in 2014 to the OpenPandora handheld.

## Reviews

The game has been praised and noted by Free Software Magazine and Linux Magazine.