# Shangluo

Shangluo (Chinese: 商洛; pinyin: Shāngluò) is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Shaanxi province, People's Republic of China, bordering Henan to the northeast and Hubei to the southeast. Part of the Shannan region of the province, it is located in the eastern part of the Qin Mountains (Qin Ling).

## Climate

As with the other two anchoring cities of Shannan, Shangluo has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with cool winters, hot, humid summers, and ample precipitation by provincial standards. It experiences temperatures more moderate than Xi'an and the rest of the Wei River valley to the immediate north, especially so during summer due to the high elevation. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 0.5 °C (32.9 °F) in January to 24.3 °C (75.7 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 12.8 °C (55.0 °F). About 60% of the approximately 685.2 millimetres (27.0 in) of annual precipitation occurs from June to September. The frost-free period lasts 200 days, and there are about 2,000 hours of bright sunshine annually.
Climate data for Shangluo (Shangzhou District, 1981−2010 normals, extremes 1971-2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) | 23.7 (74.7) | 30.3 (86.5) | 34.6 (94.3) | 36.3 (97.3) | 40.7 (105.3) | 38.2 (100.8) | 38.4 (101.1) | 39.3 (102.7) | 31.6 (88.9) | 26.4 (79.5) | 21.3 (70.3) | 40.7 (105.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) | 8.9 (48.0) | 13.9 (57.0) | 20.6 (69.1) | 25.2 (77.4) | 28.9 (84.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 28.5 (83.3) | 23.9 (75.0) | 19.0 (66.2) | 13.5 (56.3) | 7.9 (46.2) | 18.9 (66.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) | 3.1 (37.6) | 7.7 (45.9) | 13.9 (57.0) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.3 (72.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 23.1 (73.6) | 18.4 (65.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 7.3 (45.1) | 2.0 (35.6) | 12.8 (55.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.7 (25.3) | −1.2 (29.8) | 2.7 (36.9) | 8.2 (46.8) | 12.7 (54.9) | 16.8 (62.2) | 20.1 (68.2) | 19.1 (66.4) | 14.5 (58.1) | 8.7 (47.7) | 2.7 (36.9) | −2.2 (28.0) | 8.2 (46.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.7 (7.3) | −13.3 (8.1) | −8.6 (16.5) | −2.0 (28.4) | 2.4 (36.3) | 9.3 (48.7) | 13.1 (55.6) | 11.1 (52.0) | 3.9 (39.0) | −4.6 (23.7) | −9.1 (15.6) | −13.9 (7.0) | −13.9 (7.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.7 (0.30) | 12.3 (0.48) | 28.9 (1.14) | 44.7 (1.76) | 65.5 (2.58) | 83.8 (3.30) | 126.7 (4.99) | 120.0 (4.72) | 99.5 (3.92) | 65.8 (2.59) | 22.7 (0.89) | 7.6 (0.30) | 685.2 (26.97) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.0 | 5.3 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 12.7 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 6.5 | 3.7 | 105.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 57 | 60 | 60 | 64 | 67 | 75 | 78 | 78 | 73 | 63 | 57 | 66 |
| Source 1: China Meteorological Data Service Center ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China (precipitation days 1971–2000) ||||||||||||||

## Administration

Map of Shangluo administrative divisions :
| Shangzhou Luonan County Danfeng County Shangnan County Shanyang County Zhen'an County Zhashui County |||||||||||
| Division code | English name | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | Area (km$^2$) | Seat | Postal code | Divisions | Divisions | Divisions | Divisions |
| Division code | English name | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | Area (km$^2$) | Seat | Postal code | Subdistricts | Towns | Residential communities | Villages |
| 611000 | Shangluo | 商洛市 | Shāngluò Shì | 19587.31 | Shangzhou District | 726000 | 4 | 122 | 59 | 1773 |
| 611002 | Shangzhou District | 商州区 | Shāngzhōu Qū | 2645.62 | Chengguan Subdistrict (城关街道) | 726000 | 4 | 19 | 13 | 406 |
| 611021 | Luonan County | 洛南县 | Luònán Xiàn | 2830.89 | Chengguan (城关镇) | 726100 | | 19 | 22 | 359 |
| 611022 | Danfeng County | 丹凤县 | Dānfèng Xiàn | 2407.58 | Longjuzhai (龙驹寨镇) | 726200 | | 16 | 6 | 202 |
| 611023 | Shangnan County | 商南县 | Shāngnán Xiàn | 2315.44 | Chengguan (城关镇) | 726300 | | 13 | 6 | 164 |
| 611024 | Shanyang County | 山阳县 | Shānyáng Xiàn | 3532.42 | Chengguan (城关镇) | 726400 | | 23 | 6 | 318 |
| 611025 | Zhen'an County | 镇安县 | Zhèn'ān Xiàn | 3487.39 | Le'an (永乐镇) | 711500 | | 19 | 4 | 204 |
| 611026 | Zhashui County | 柞水县 | Zhàshuǐ Xiàn | 2367.97 | Qianyou (乾佑镇) | 711400 | | 13 | 2 | 120 |

## Transport

* China National Highway 312

## Demographics

Shangluo Population Data :
| Division | | | | |
| Division | Permanent residents (November 2010) | Permanent residents (November 2010) | Permanent residents (November 2010) | Hukou permits (late 2010) |
| Division | Total | Percentage | Density (/km$^2$) | Hukou permits (late 2010) |
| Shangluo | 2,341,742 | 100 | 119.55 | 2,448,348 |
| Shangzhou District | 531,646 | 22.70 | 200.95 | 550,093 |
| Luonan County | 441,643 | 18.86 | 156.01 | 453,324 |
| Danfeng County | 295,424 | 12.62 | 122.71 | 304,448 |
| Shangnan County | 221,564 | 9.46 | 95.69 | 239,461 |
| Shanyang County | 422,255 | 18.03 | 119.54 | 449,658 |
| Zhen'an County | 275,862 | 11.78 | 79.10 | 296,170 |
| Zhashui County | 153,348 | 6.55 | 64.76 | 155,194 |

## Sister cities

* Emmen, Netherlands
* Jinan County, South Korea