OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Duck Hook

Duck Hook (code-named "Pruning Knife" by the military) was the White House code-name of an operation President Richard Nixon had threatened to unleash against North Vietnam during the Vietnam War, if North Vietnam did not yield to Washington's terms at the Paris peace negotiations. Duck Hook called for the possible-nuclear bombing of military and economic targets in and around Hanoi, the mining of Haiphong harbor and other ports, saturation bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong, the bombing of dikes to destroy the food supply of much of the population of North Vietnam, air strikes against North Vietnam's northeast line of communications as well as passes and bridges at the Chinese border, and air and ground attacks on other targets throughout Vietnam.

## Nuclear weapons

US government documents later declassified reveal that nuclear weapons were considered for Operation Duck Hook. An attachment to a memo from US National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger to Nixon asked, "Should we be prepared to use nuclear weapons?" The memo warned that "Since we cannot confidently predict the exact point at which Hanoi could be likely to respond positively, we must be prepared to play out whatever string necessary." Kissinger's memo also stated that "To achieve its full effect on Hanoi's thinking, the action must be brutal." [emphasis in original]
A few days earlier, a document from two of Kissinger's aides, Roger Morris and Anthony Lake, stated that the President must be prepared "to decide beforehand, the fateful question of how far we will go. He cannot, for example, confront the issue of using tactical nuclear weapons in the midst of the exercise. He must be prepared to play out whatever string necessary in this case."

## The ultimatum

In a secret Paris meeting in early August 1969, Kissinger presented to the Vietnamese the US ultimatum to unleash what the US secretly called Duck Hook:
   "If by November 1 no major progress has been made toward a solution, we will be compelled—with great reluctance—to take measures of the greatest consequence."

## Abandoned

By October 17, Kissinger recommended against carrying out Operation Duck Hook. On 1 November 1969, Nixon himself decided to abandon it. This was reportedly because:
* there were reservations about Duck Hook's potential effectiveness;
* public support for the war continued to decline;
* there were signs of political slippage; and
* Defense Secretary Melvin Laird and Secretary of State William P. Rogers opposed military escalation.
At the same time that he cancelled Duck Hook, it seems that Nixon embarked on a new strategy to start a "series of increased [nuclear] alert measures designed to convey to the Soviets an increasing readiness by U.S. strategic forces," according to Kissinger aide Alexander Haig.
# Wagner Butte

Wagner Butte is a summit in the U.S. state of Oregon. The elevation is 7,251 feet (2,210 m).
Wagner Butte was named in 1852 after one Jacob Wagner.
# Nicholas Wright (pathologist)

Sir Nicholas Alcwyn Wright is a British professor and medical doctor. He was the Warden of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.
Wright attended Bristol Grammar School and Durham Medical School accepted him straight into the second year before he graduated in 1965 and proceeded to achieve two post-graduate degrees in pathology at Newcastle University.
He was Professor of Pathology at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School at the Hammersmith Hospital, and then became the Dean of the Royal Postgraduate Medical School before becoming the Deputy Principal of the Imperial College School of Medicine in 1998. Sir Nicholas was Warden of Barts and The London from 2001 until 2009. He is also Head of the Histopathology Unit at Cancer Research (UK) Ltd, President of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland and was the President of the British Society of Gastroenterology in 2003-04.
He was knighted in the New Year Honours list for 2006 "for services to medicine".
# Bradley Edge Tool Company Historic District

The Bradley Edge Tool Company Historic District encompasses the surviving remnants of a historic 19th-century industrial village in Weston, Connecticut. Extending along Lyons Plain Road near White Birch Road and the Saugatuck River, the area was home to the Bradley Edge Tool Company, which flourished here between 1834 and 1870. The principal surviving elements are residences which were built for the owners and workers of the company; the factory itself burned in 1911. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

## Description and history

The Bradley Edge Tool Company Historic District is located in southeastern Weston, in what is now a rural-suburban setting. It is centered on the junction of White Birch Road and Lyons Plain Road, extending for about 1/3 mile in each direction along the latter roadway. It is about 30 acres (12 ha) in size, with more the 30 historically significant buildings. All are residential in nature, built with wood framing, and finished in vernacular styles of the mid-19th century. Some of the houses were built by the Bradleys for their workers, while the house of owner Miles Bradley (1859) is one of the best examples of Italianate architecture in the district.
The Bradley Edge Tool Company was founded in 1834 by Gershom W. Bradley, on a site that previously hosted a comb factory. The company manufactured farm implements, and came in later years to specialize in tools for use on Southern plantations. Increasing urban industrialization and a high cost of transportation led to a decline in the company's fortunes after 1870. The factory was sold by the Bradleys in 1909, and burned down in 1911. In addition to the surviving houses, archaeological elements of the factory also remain.
Contributing properties include:
* the Gershom W. Bradley House, with a Greek Revival style doorway (see accompanying photo #1)
* the Miles Bradley House, an "exceptional example of Italianate architecture", has unusual "double bullseye windows" (see photos #3,4)$^{:6–7}$
* the Osborne House, apparently originally Greek Revival but given a Colonial Revival portico later$^{:7}$
* the Lockwood House, a "three-quarter house" (see photo #13)$^{:7}$
* Curtis Wood House
* Samuel Lockwood House
# St. Vincent-Ein Kerem

Saint Vincent-Ein Kerem is a home for physically and mentally handicapped children in Israel.

## History

Saint Vincent was founded in 1954 at Ein Kerem, on the edge of Jerusalem. It is a non-profit enterprise operated by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul. The home cares for disabled children with the help of volunteers from around the world.
# Arutela

Arutela was an ancient Roman fort in the Roman province of Dacia today near the town Călimănești. It lies on the left bank of the Olt River. It was part of the Roman frontier system of the Limes Alutanus.

## History

It was constructed between 137 – 138 AD by Surri sagittari (Syrian archers) by the order of Titus Flavius Constans, imperial procurator of Dacia Inferior, according to inscriptions on the front of two of the castra's gates.
The last coins discovered and dated at Arutela were issued by Elagabalus between the years 220 – 223 AD.
Arutela also hosted a Dacian settlement, which enjoyed a prolonged existence under Roman rule.

## Archaeology

The first excavations at "Poiana Bivolari" were made in 1888–1889 in order to capture sulfurous thermal water. The excavation uncovered metal objects and Roman coins of Hadrian, Septimius Severus, Iulia Doamna and Caracalla. Between 1890 and 1892, Grigore Tocilescu and Pamfil Polonic continued with partial excavations, completely uncovering Roman baths and partial ruins of the castra. These discoveries remain the only epigraphic materials found on the site. Between 1897 and 1902, the Arutela ruins were partially covered by the construction of a railroad between Râmnicu Vâlcea and Râul Vadului, while the baths disappeared completely.
In 1967, the National Military Museum reopened the research site until 1970, and opened it once more in 1978. The opening led to the complete exposure of the ruins which were not destroyed by the railroad construction.
The archaeological excavations uncovered weapons, coins, pots and inscriptions, on display today at the Bucharest National Military Museum. After the excavations finished, the Arutela castrum became a historical monument of the Vâlcea County Committee of Culture and the Museum of History in Râmnicu Vâlcea. In 1982–1983, the castrum was renewed in a project by the architect Aurel Teodorescu, following references prepared by Cristian Vlădescu, the coordinator of research previously performed by the Military Museum. The construction work was executed by C. Panco. The first "Praetorian gate" (porta praetoria) in Romania was reconstructed on the site.
# The Naïve and Sentimental Lover

The Naïve and Sentimental Lover is John le Carré's sixth novel, and one of only two non-spy novels in his oeuvre, along with A Murder of Quality (1962).

## Background and plot

The novel follows Aldo Cassidy, a young entrepreneur. As the Penguin Random House webpage summarizes, Aldo soon meets a "writer whose first and only novel blazoned across the firmament twenty years earlier. The two develop a passionate friendship that draws Aldo—smitten also with his new friend’s luscious wife—into a life of reckless hedonism that threatens to consume them all." The story has autobiographical elements, as it is based on the author's relationship with James and Susan Kennaway following the breakdown of le Carré's first marriage. The novel was published in the year of his divorce from Ann Sharp, his first wife.

## Reception and legacy

Upon its release, the novel was poorly reviewed by critics The New York Times book review felt that by abandoning the spy novel, le Carré was not playing to his strengths. They wrote that "it isn't that le Carré is out of his depth here, or that he has lost his way with apposite atmospherics and scene‐settings; it isn't that his prose has surrendered its characteristic irony and tough precision. It is rather that he has chosen to relinquish his fundamental perception, to unhand the lever that lifted his tales—the truth that in this world of gray little men, gray little men shake the world." In an interview in 1983, le Carré reflected on the novel's poor reception and how he responded in his career. He told The New York Times: "I thought, they [the negative reviewers] were right. And if you can do one thing well, stick with it." After the failure of this novel, he returned to the spy genre and his most famous character George Smiley with the acclaimed Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy and subsequent sequels in The Quest for Karla trilogy.
# Battle of the Kondurcha River

The Battle of the Kondurcha River was the first major battle of the Tokhtamysh–Timur war. It took place at the Kondurcha River, in the Bulgar Ulus of the Golden Horde, in present-day Samara Oblast, Russia. Tokhtamysh's cavalry tried to encircle Timur's army from the flanks. However, the Central Asian army withstood the assault, after which its sudden frontal attack put the Horde troops to flight. However, many of the Golden Horde troops escaped to fight again at Terek.
Timur had previously assisted Tokhtamysh in taking the throne of the White Horde in 1378. In the following years both men grew in power, with Tokhtamysh taking full control of the Golden Horde while Timur expanded his power all over the Middle East. However Timur took Azerbaijan, which Tokhtamysh believed was rightfully Golden Horde territory. He invaded Timurid territory, briefly besieging Samarkand before being chased off by Timur. Timur pursued Tokhtamysh until the latter turned to fight him next to the Kondurcha River.
# Ernest Bour

Ernest Bour (20 April 1913 - 20 June 2001) was a noted conductor. Born in Thionville, Moselle (in north-eastern Lorraine, then part of Germany), Bour studied at both the University and the Conservatoire of Strasbourg. His conducting teachers included Fritz Münch and Hermann Scherchen.
Perhaps his most heard recording is of Ligeti's Atmospheres with the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra on the soundtrack to 2001: A Space Odyssey.
After serving as chorus master for the radio choruses of Geneva and Strasbourg, he was appointed conductor of the Orchestre de Mulhouse in 1941. In 1950, he became conductor of the Strasbourg Philharmonic Orchestra and in 1955 of the Strasbourg Opera House, where he had conducted the premiere of Delannoy's Puck in 1949. He was principal conductor of the SWF Symphony Orchestra in Baden-Baden from 1964 to 1979. He conducted the European premiere of Berio's Sinfonia during the 1969 Donaueschingen Festival by the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra. From 1976 until 1987, he was permanent guest conductor of The Netherlands Radio Chamber Orchestra located in the VARA radio headquarters in Hilversum.
Bour's repertoire was marked by a concentration on contemporary music. World premières he presided over included works by Bussotti, Ferneyhough, Górecki, Ligeti, Rihm, Stockhausen and Xenakis, and he gave the French premières of Hindemith's Symphony Mathis der Maler and Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress and the European premiere of Susman's Trailing Vortices. His recordings ranged from music of François Couperin to André Jolivet.
Bour died in Strasbourg, aged 88.
# Kintetsu Miyazu Station

Kintetsu-Miyazu Station (近鉄宮津駅, Kintetsu-Miyazu-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Kyōtanabe, Kyoto, Japan, operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway. It is station number B19.

## Lines

Kintetsu-Miyazu Station is served by the Kyoto Line, and is located 23.1 rail kilometers from the terminus of the line at Kyoto Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of two elevated island platforms, with the station building underneath.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Kintetsu Kyoto Line | through traffic of express trains |
| 2 | ■ Kintetsu Kyoto Line | For Tenri, and Kashiharajingu-mae |
| 3 | ■ Kintetsu Kyoto Line | For Kyoto |
| 4 | ■ Kintetsu Kyoto Line | through traffic of express trains |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Kyoto Line (Kintetsu) |||||
| Express (Trains arriving at Shin-Hosono): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Miyamaki | Express (Terminating at Miyazu) | Terminus |
| Miyamaki | Local | Komada |

## History

Kintetsu Miyazu Station opened on 18 March 1983 as Miyamaki Signal Box to serve the new Miyazu Train Yard. It was upgraded to full passenger station status on 21 September 1993.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 448 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Saidaiji Inspection Area Miyazu Train Yard
* Kyotanabe City Miyamaki Elementary School
# Mark Campbell (defensive tackle)

Mark Anthony Campbell (born September 12, 1972) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle for the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). Campbell played college football for the Florida Gators from 1992 to 1995. He was selected by the Denver Broncos in the third round of the 1996 NFL draft, and played a single season for the Arizona Cardinals in 1997. Campbell was also a member of the Orlando Rage of the XFL.

## Early life and college

Mark Anthony Campbell was born on September 12, 1972, in Jamaica. He attended Miami Sunset High School in Miami, Florida. He recorded 82 tackles and 18 sacks his senior year, earning first-team All-District and second-team All-Dade County honors.

## College career

Campbell received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, where he was a letterman for coach Steve Spurrier's Florida Gators football team from 1992 to 1995. He was redshirted in 1991. He earned Football News honorable mention All-American, and Associated Press and Coaches first-team All-SEC honors his senior year in 1995. He played in 50 games, starting, 40, during his college career, totaling 127 tackles, 17.3 sacks, five forced fumbles, three fumble recoveries, and two pass breakups. Campbell played in the East-West Shrine game after his senior season. He majored in public recreation at Florida.

## Professional career

Campbell was selected by the Denver Broncos in the third round, with the 78th overall pick, of the 1996 NFL draft. He officially signed with the team on July 16, 1996. He did not appear in any games during the 1996 season, and was waived by the Broncos on August 14, 1997.
Campbell was claimed off waivers by the Arizona Cardinals on August 15, 1997. He played in five games for the Cardinals in 1997, recording four solo tackles. He was released on February 12, 1998.
Campbell signed with the Atlanta Falcons on April 22, 1998. He was released on August 22, 1998, after being injured.
He was signed by the Indianapolis Colts on April 20, 1999, but was later released on August 23, 1999.
In October 2000, Campbell was a territorial selection of the Orlando Rage in the XFL draft. He played in nine games for the Rage during the 2001 XFL season, totaling five solo tackles and two assisted tackles.
# Kid Boots

Kid Boots is a musical with a book by William Anthony McGuire and Otto Harbach, music by Harry Tierney, and lyrics by Joseph McCarthy. The show was staged by Edward Royce.
Produced by Florenz Ziegfeld, the Broadway production, opened on December 31, 1923 at the Earl Carroll Theatre and then moved to the Selwyn Theatre, where it ended on February 21, 1925, for a total of 489 performances. The cast starred Eddie Cantor and Mary Eaton, with George Olsen and his orchestra.
The show was billed as “A Musical Comedy of Palm Beach and Golf” and was set at the Everglades Club in Palm Beach, Florida. It was a showcase for Eddie Cantor, who played the caddie master at the swank club. He gives golf lessons on the side, with crooked balls so the clients need more instruction. He's also a bootlegger and a busybody. He can't be fired, however, because he has something on everyone at the club. The most famous song to come out of the show was “Dinah” by Sam M. Lewis, Joe Young and Harry Akst, added to the finale during the run for Eddie. The song later gave vocalist Dinah Shore, discovered by Eddie Cantor in 1940, her stage name and the theme song for her long running radio and television shows.
The New York Times reported that on closing night, "[j]ust before the finale, George Olsen's band marched down the aisle and serenaded the company, ending with 'Auld Lang Syne.' "

## Film versions

During the run in New York City, inventor Lee DeForest filmed Cantor in the DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film process, in a short film known as A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots". In 1926, Paramount Pictures released a feature film version directed by Frank Tuttle, and starring Cantor, Clara Bow, and Billie Dove.

## Songs

Also interpolated into the show:
* If You Do What You Do (by Roy Turk, Lou Handman and Eddie Cantor)
* He’s the Hottest Man in Town (by Owen Murphy and Jay Gorney)
* Alabamy Bound (words by Bud DeSylva and Bud Green, music by Ray Henderson)
* Dinah (by Sam M. Lewis, Joe Young and Harry Akst)
# West Unicorn Peak

West Unicorn Peak is the second-highest point in the Tatoosh Range which is a sub-range of the Cascade Range. It is located south of Mount Rainier within Mount Rainier National Park, in Lewis County of Washington state. The nearest higher peak is Unicorn Peak, 0.17 miles (0.27 km) to the east-northeast. Precipitation runoff and meltwater from the peak's small glacier, Unicorn Glacier, drain into tributaries of the Cowlitz River.

## Climate

West Unicorn Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snow onto the Cascades. As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in avalanche danger. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Due to its temperate climate and proximity to the Pacific Ocean, areas west of the Cascade Crest very rarely experience temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) or above 80 °F (27 °C).
# Jemmal

Jemmal (Arabic: جمال) is a city in the Monastir Governorate of Tunisia, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Monastir. As of 2014 it had a population of 55,285. The city is well known for its historic Grand Mosque and is at the centre of a region of olive groves. A festival takes place each year during the olive harvest season in November or December. It is also an important industrial center for textiles and manufacturing; the manufacturing industry employs about half of Jemmal's active population. An industrial zone was established in 2005 on 7.5 hectares (.03 sq. miles), along the road that connects Jemmal to the town of Moknine.

## Notable people

* Taïeb Baccouche -Minister of Education since 2011
# Takeda Yoshinobu

Takeda Yoshinobu (武田 義信, 1538 – November 19, 1567) was a Japanese daimyō of the Sengoku period.

## Life

Born Takeda Tarō (武田 太郎), he was the son of Takeda Shingen, by Shingen's wife, Lady Sanjō (三条夫人, real name unknown). He came of age in 1550, and took the formal name of Yoshinobu, receiving the "yoshi" from the 13th Ashikaga shōgun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru.
In 1552, in order to further strengthen the bond between Takeda and Imagawa, he married the daughter of Imagawa Yoshimoto. Yoshinobu served as an illegitimate son for a time, but rebelled against his father and was captured and imprisoned along with Obu Toramasa. Toramasa, who was an educator, was forced to commit seppuku and he was also executed. This is because Yoshinobu objected to invasion of Suruga (Imagawa clan). Yoshinobu's nephew Nobukatsu (son of his half-brother Katsuyori) replaced him as lord of the Takeda clan who also was responsible for his death.
# Dominik Kovačić

Dominik Kovačić (born 5 January 1994) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Slaven Belupo.

## Club career

In 2017, Kovačić signed for Swiss top flight side Lugano from NK Zagreb in the Croatian second division.
Before the 2018 season, he signed for Sheriff, Moldova's most successful club.
Before the second half of 2019/20, he signed for Lokomotiva in the Croatian top flight from Bosnia and Herzegovina team Široki Brijeg.
Before the second half of 2020/21, Kovačić was sent on loan to Vejle Boldklub in Denmark.