OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# University Village, Grand Forks, North Dakota

University Village (also known as the Bronson Property) is a neighborhood in Grand Forks, North Dakota. It is a part of the University of North Dakota (UND) campus and is located directly north of UND's central campus area. The property comprises 160 acres (0.65 km$^2$) located on the banks of the meandering English Coulee directly off U.S. Highway 2. University Village has been developed as a commercial and residential neighborhood with the Ralph Engelstad Arena as the major anchor and has been called "the most valuable piece of real estate in North Dakota."

## History

Formerly known as the Bronson Property, the land was donated to UND by local attorney and judge Harrison A. Bronson who, in 1895, became the recipient of the first master's degree awarded by UND. For decades, the area contained no structures and was used only for intramural fields and community garden space. After the devastating Red River Flood of 1997, plans were drawn up to develop the property. The plan called for UND, commercial, and residential uses.
In 2000, the first building constructed at University Village — a new Barnes & Noble College Booksellers store — opened its doors. The store has since changed suppliers and is now run by Follett Book Company. At that time, construction was well underway on a large ice arena which would be the centerpiece of the new neighborhood. In 2001, the $100+ million Ralph Engelstad Arena opened. The ice arena is home to the UND Fighting Hawks ice hockey program. Former hockey star Wayne Gretzky has called the arena "one of the most beautiful buildings we have in North America." In 2004, a $7 million addition, known as the Betty Engelstad Sioux Center, was constructed adjacent to the Ralph Engelstad Arena and is home to the Fighting Hawks basketball and Fighting Hawks volleyball programs. In 2006, the $20 million UND Student Wellness Center opened doors in University Village. Other buildings which have been constructed on the property include a family practice clinic, two strip malls, two banks, a bar and grill (which went out of business in 2008), new university run student apartments, and a gas station. A large townhouse development has also been built on the west side of the property. A new facility for the School of Medicine and Health Sciences was built on the property and opened in July 2016.
# University of Michigan School of Public Health

The University of Michigan School of Public Health is one of the professional graduate schools of the University of Michigan. Located in Ann Arbor, Michigan, UM SPH is one of the oldest schools of public health in the country and is also considered one of the top schools focusing on health in the United States. Founded in 1941, the School of Public Health grew out of the University of Michigan's degree programs in public health, some of which date back to the 19th century.

## Notable faculty

* Thomas Francis Jr., mentor of Jonas Salk; ran field trials of oral polio vaccine that deemed it safe and effective
* Rebecca Hasson, kinesiologist
* Sharon Kardia is the Millicent W. Higgins Collegiate Professor of Epidemiology
* Neal Krause, health behavior and health education expert
* Jonas Salk, developer of the polio vaccine

## Notable alumni

* Larry Brilliant, physician, epidemiologist, technologist, author and the former director of Google's philanthropic arm Google.org
* Julio Frenk, former Minister of Health in Mexico; former dean of Harvard School of Public Health
* David Michael Green, MacArthur Foundation Fellow
* Mary Hawn, chair of surgery at Stanford University and member of the National Academy of Medicine
* Albert H. Wheeler, first African-American Mayor of Ann Arbor, Michigan
* Mona Hanna-Attisha, pediatrician who was a key whistleblower revealing the Flint Water Crisis which exposed children to dangerous levels of lead in Flint, Michigan.
# Malcolm Watson

Sir Malcolm Watson (24 August 1873 – 28 December 1955) was a British pioneer malariologist who developed new methods to combat malaria in Malaya, and later went on to advise governments and industries in many countries on malaria prevention.

## Early life and education

Watson was born on 24 August 1873 in Cathcart, Renfrewshire, Scotland, the second son of George Watson, a clothier. He was educated at High School of Glasgow, took his MD at Glasgow University, graduating in medicine and arts, and went on to University College, London where he received a Cambridge Diploma in public health.

## Career

in 1900, Watson entered the Medical Service of the Federated Malay States, and the following year was posted to Klang as district surgeon. It was here that Watson first put into practice measures to combat malaria following the discovery by Ronald Ross in 1897 that the disease was transmitted by mosquitoes. In Klang, and in many other areas of Malaya, the population had been devastated by malaria, and he began a vigorous program of mosquito control, introducing radical new methods to prevent larval reproduction in different environments.
His measures, which proved remarkably successful, heralded the beginning of a campaign of mosquito control which helped change the face of Malaya so that when he left Malaya 28 years later malaria was under control. Described as the "man who conquered malaria", Ross acclaimed his work in Malaya as "the greatest sanitary achievement ever accomplished in the British Empire."
In 1927, Watson left Malaya having spent seven years in government service and 21 years as a private consultant working in malarial research and prevention, and at the request of Ronald Ross joined, as director of the malaria department, the newly created Ross Institute of Tropical Health in Putney Heath, London. When Ross died in 1932 he became Director of the Institute.
Whilst serving with the Ross Institute he worked with governments and industry as adviser on prevention of malaria in many areas of the world including India, Nepal, the Philippines, the Balkans, South America and South Africa. He retired in 1942.

## Personal life and death

Watson married Jean Alice Gray, a nurse, and they had three sons. After she died, he married Constance Evelyn Loring in 1948, one of his research assistants, and they had a daughter, Kate, who became a midwife.
Watson died on 28 December 1955 in Peaslake, Surrey.

## Publications

* The Prevention of Malaria in the Federated Malay States (1911)
* Rural Sanitation in the Tropics (1915)
* Observations on malaria control (1924)
* Mists, mosquitoes and malaria (1930)
* African Highway (1953)

## Honours

Watson was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1924 Birthday Honours.
# Circus Krone

Circus Krone, based in Munich, is one of the largest circuses in Europe and one of the few in Western Europe (along with Cirque d'hiver de Paris, Cirque d'hiver d'Amiens and Cirque Royal in Brussels) to also occupy a building.

## History

It was founded in 1905 by Carl Krone (1870-1943) as an animal exhibition. Later the circus was run by his daughter Frieda Sembach-Krone and her husband Carl Sembach-Krone. From 1995 until 2017 their daughter Christel Sembach-Krone ran the circus.
Since 1919, the circus has also owned the Circus Krone Building in Munich. On December 12, 1944, the building was destroyed by bombing attacks. In 1950 it was rebuilt as a circus building with a seating capacity of 3,000 spectators.
Over a century, the Circus Krone Imperium became recognized world-wide as an institution within the circus world. The outstanding success was based on the maxim "entrepreneur spirit, love of animals and absolute seriousness". This maxim has been maintained throughout the illustrious history of the family owned and operated Circus Krone.
Carl Krone died in 1943. He did not live to experience the total destruction of the Circus Krone Building, caused by aerial bombardment. People and animals had been evacuated to the Krone Stud Farm in Wessling.
Christel Sembach-Krone directed the fate of the family owned and operated Circus Krone after the death of her father (Carl Sembach, died on January 18, 1984) and her mother (Frieda Sembach-Krone, died on November 2, 1995).
Christel Sembach-Krone, who remained unmarried and had an adoptive daughter named Jana Mandana Lacey-Krone, died on June 20, 2017, after a short illness.
Lacey-Krone, who is married to Martin Lacey, Jr. and has one son, will become the new director.

## Features

Circus Krone has a circus tent with 5,000 seats with a diameter of 48 by 64 metres and a dome height of 14 metres. It covers an overall area of approximately 2,000 square metres. The largest, most modern and most expensive circus tent of the present can only be described.
The construction of the enormous tent allows for the seating of 5.000 spectators. Four 20 metre long steel masts, four steel lattice auxiliary masts, 120 storm and cross beams as well as 250 steel anchors provide necessary security, even during the most violent of storms. Erected in less than one day, the gigantic tent construction "stands" with seats, ménage, show stage, light and sound controls - ready for performances, officially certified and in top condition. Standards have been established in the area of the illumination engineering with Krone. Approximately 140 securely installed floodlights, as well as eight "golden scans" allow for the different lighting effects of the individual numbers. Four "searchlights" place artists and animals into spotlight. The total area of the tent approximately equates to the area of a football field.
Animals used at the circus include lions, Asian and African elephants, a hippopotamus, a rhinoceros, horses, monkeys, pigs, porcupines, goats, zebras and parrots.
# Verruciplaca

Verruciplaca is a small genus of fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. It comprises two species of leaf-dwelling lichens.

## Taxonomy

The genus Verruciplaca was established in 2023 by Amanda Xavier-Leite, Marcela Cáceres, and Robert Lücking. Molecular phylogenetics analyses showed that some species previously classified in Echinoplaca represented a distinct evolutionary lineage. The genus name comes from its most distinctive feature – the large warty bumps (verrucae) that cover its surface.
There are at least two additional distinct lineages within the genus that remain to be formally described as new species. While Verruciplaca appears similar to the related genus Sipmanidea, particularly in its general appearance and structure, genetic evidence shows they are separate evolutionary lines. The main distinguishing feature between these genera appears to be differences in their spores, though more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between these groups.

## Description

Verruciplaca lichens form either a continuous or scattered layer on leaf surfaces, characterised by coarse, warty bumps that are usually covered in a whitish to bluish frosting-like coating (pruina). They have distinctive white branching bristles that typically grow from a clear base layer. Their reproductive structures (apothecia) appear as orange spots on the surface, often with a white frosted edge made up of needle-shaped crystals.
A unique feature of the genus is its specialised reproductive structures (hyphophores), which are pale yellow and bristle-like. These structures produce two types of thread-like filaments (diahyphae) – thick and thin ones - with the thin ones ending in distinctive club-shaped or sperm-like segments. Under the microscope, their main reproductive structures typically produce eight spores per sac (ascus), with each spore divided into multiple compartments both lengthwise and crosswise.

## Species

* Verruciplaca calcarea (Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)
* Verruciplaca verrucifera (Lücking) Xavier-Leite, Cáceres & Lücking (2023)
# Ian Ousby

Ian Vaughan Kenneth Ousby (26 June 1947 – 6 August 2001) was a British historian, author and editor.

## Biography

Ian Ousby was born in Marlborough, Wiltshire to an army officer and his wife. Ousby's father was stabbed to death in India in 1947 during the Partition, leaving his mother to raise him. He was educated at Bishop's Stortford College before matriculating to Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he gained a double first in English and was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship in 1968 to study at Harvard University. While at Harvard, Ousby was awarded the Howard Mumford Jones Prize for the best doctoral thesis of the year.
Following graduation, Ousby became an academic, teaching English literature at Durham University and the University of Maryland. An "intense dislike of organisations, as well as strong and divergent specialist interests", resulted in him leaving the University of Maryland in 1983 to become a freelance writer.
The subjects of his books ranged from detective fiction, with Bloodhounds of Heaven: The Detective in English Fiction from Godwin to Doyle to military history with The Road to Verdun and Occupation: the ordeal of France, 1940–1944, which was awarded the Edith McLeod Literary Prize and the Stern Silver PEN for Non-Fiction in 1998. His most noted work was as editor of The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English, which was first published in 1988 and republished in various forms in 1993, 1996 and 1998. After being diagnosed with cancer, he died on 6 August 2001.
# Something Goin' On (In Your Soul)

"Something Goin' On (In Your Soul)" is a song by American record producer Todd Terry featuring American singers Martha Wash and Jocelyn Brown on vocals. It was released as the second single from Terry's debut album, Ready for a New Day (1997). The song peaked within the top 5 in both Italy and the UK, peaking at number four and five. It also reached number-one on the UK Dance Singles Chart and the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart. The original song title was shortened to "Something Goin’ On" upon its release as a single, even though the full title was listed on the album.
As the follow-up to their successful version of "Keep on Jumpin'", which also reached number-one on the Hot Dance Club Play chart in 1996, it would become the second of two back to back number-ones on the chart for this collaboration between the three artists.

## Critical reception

Fact magazine ranked "Something Goin' On (In Your Soul)" number 21 in their list of 21 Diva-House Belters That Still Sound Incredible in 2014. Joe Muggs wrote, "There is DEFINITELY something wrong with you if you don’t get why this is incredible." Music Week rated the song four out of five, stating that "the master is back with a surefire hit. Featuring exquisite guest vocals from Jocelyn Brown and Martha Wash, this catchy number will get any dancefloor busy and blare from radios in the coming weeks."
Daisy & Havoc from RM gave it five out of five, picking it as Tune of the Week. They added, "Starting with old-style spoken praise for house music, this track is a spirit-raising, feel-good number that moves along at quite a pace, helped by an emotional but not overdone sung vocal." A reviewer from Sunday Mirror commented, "Todd and the boys Keep on jumpin' with a fat disco number the like of which hasn't been seen since the last one they did. Serious diva vocals come courtesy of Jocelyn Brown and Martha Wash. Fine." David Sinclair from The Times described it as an "infectious dancefloor stomp."

## Track listings

* US maxi-CD
* "Something Goin' On" (Tee's radio edit) (3:35)
* "Something Goin' On" (Tee's Freeze edit with Preacher) (3:35)
* "Something Goin' On" (The DFA edit) (3:28)
* "Something Goin' On" (Tee's Freeze mix with Preacher) (8:12)
* "Something Goin' On" (Rhythm Masters mix) (8:35)
* "Something Goin' On" (Vission & Lorimer Sweepin Stylee!) (5:59)
* UK 12-inch
    A1. "Something Goin' On" (Tee's remix)
    A2. "Something Goin' On" (Rhythm Masters Master dub mix)
    B1. "Something Goin' On" (Loop Da Loop Uptown mix)
    B2. "Something Goin' On" (Loop Da Loop Downtown mix)
* US 12-inch
    A1. "Something Goin' On" (Tee's Freeze mix with Preacher) (8:12)
    A2. "Something Goin' On" (The DFA mix) (6:38)
    A3. "Something Goin' On" (Preacher vocal) (1:26)
    B1. "Something Goin' On" (Rhythm Masters mix) (8:35)
    B2. "Something Goin' On" (Vission & Lorimer Sweepin Style) (5:59)
# Raisina Hill

Raisina Hill (ISO: Rāyasīnā kī Pahāṛī), often used as a metonym for the seat of the Government of India, is an area of New Delhi, housing India's most important government buildings, including Rashtrapati Bhavan, the official residence of the President of India on a citadel and the Secretariat building, housing the Prime Minister's Office and several other important ministries. The hill is seen as an Indian acropolis with Rashtrapati Bhavan as the Parthenon.

## History of Raisina Hill

The British architect Edwin Landseer Lutyens, a major member of the city-planning process, was given the primary architectural responsibility. The completed Viceroy's House turned out very similar to the original sketches which Lutyens sent Herbert Baker, from Shimla, on 14 June 1912. Lutyens' design is grandly classical overall, with colours and details inspired by Indian architecture. Lutyens and Baker, who had been assigned to work on Viceroy's House and the Secretariat building, began on friendly terms. Baker had been assigned to work on the two secretariat buildings which were in front of the Viceroy's House. The original plan was to have Viceroy's House on the top of Raisina Hill, with the secretariats lower down. It was later decided to build it 400 yards back and put both buildings on top of the plateau. The contract was awarded to multiple contractors, including primarily Sir Sobha Singh.
Under the Central Vista project, the Prime Minister’s residence will be shifted behind the existing South Block, while the Vice President's residence is proposed to be relocated behind North Block. The Vice President's enclave will be on a site of 15 acres, with 32 five-storey buildings at a maximum height of 15 meters. The Prime Minister's new office and residence will be on a site of 15 acres, with 10 four-storey buildings at a maximum height of 12 meters with a building for keeping the Special Protection Group.
* Viceroy's House

## Gallery

* Vijay Chowk at Kartavya Path, with Secretariat Building in the background, New Delhi, the venue of the Beating Retreat ceremony
* North and South Block of the Secretariat Building illuminated
* Old Parliament House, New Delhi as seen from the Kartavya Path
* North Block of the Secretariat Building seen from Kartavya Path
* South Block of the Secretariat Building seen from Kartavya Path
* Rashtrapati Bhavan seen from Kartavya Path
* Panoramic view of Kartavya Path
* Indian Naval contingent marching on the Kartavya Path during Delhi Republic Day parade
* A band performance at India's Beat Retreat ceremony at Vijay Chowk in 2018.
* International Day of Yoga on 21 June 2018

## Delhi Metro

The nearest Delhi Metro stations to the Raisina Hill are: Central Secretariat, Lok Kalyan Marg, Udyog Bhawan, Janpath, Rajiv Chowk, Patel Chowk.
# Chanakyapuri

Chanakyapuri (Sanskrit: चाणक्यपुरी, romanized: Cāṅakyapurī) is a neighbourhood and diplomatic enclave established in the 1950s in New Delhi, India. It is also a sub-division of the New Delhi district and plays host to the majority of foreign embassies in New Delhi. Chanakyapuri, meaning "city of Chanakya", is named after Chanakya, an ancient Indian diplomat, philosopher, politician, military strategist and advisor to Maurya Emperor Chandragupta Maurya.

## History

Chanakyapuri was the first major extension of New Delhi beyond Lutyens' Delhi. The Central Public Works Department (CPWD) developed a large area of land to create this diplomatic enclave in the 1950s. Subsequently, this land was allotted to embassies, chanceries, high commissions and ambassador residences. The enclave is built around a wide central vista, known as Shanti Path (Peace Road), with wide green areas. A large landscaped park spread over an area of 80 acres, known as Nehru Park, was developed in 1969 for the families of the diplomatic personnel. In time, two markets, two colleges and schools run by diplomatic missions (including The British School and the American Embassy School) were established in the neighbourhood.
The Akbar Hotel was constructed 1965-69 for the India Tourism Development Corporation by Shiv Nath Prasad. Around it Yashwant Place was constructed for shopping and eating. A movie theatre Chanakya Cinema was added in 1969, built in the Brutalist architecture style. The cinema was later torn down and the plot redeveloped into a shopping mall with a new cinema in 2017.

## Accessibility

Major roads in Chanakyapuri include Shanti Path, Nyaya Marg, Niti Marg, Chandragupta Marg and Panchsheel Marg. In addition to these, the Ring Road traverses the southern expanse of the neighbourhood and intersects National Highway 8 on the border with neighbouring Dhaula Kuan. Sardar Patel Marg marks the Western periphery, while the Chanakya Cinema complex, which lies beyond Nehru Park, forms the south-western perimeter. The Delhi Ring Railway stops at Chanakyapuri, while Lok Kalyan Marg metro station and Jor Bagh metro station are the nearest stations of Delhi Metro.

## Education
### Primary and secondary schools

* The American Embassy School, New Delhi, for expatriates from the US and other countries.
* The British School offers the British National Curriculum, the IGCSE and IB. It primarily serves the international community
* German School New Delhi
* Russian Embassy School in Delhi
* Sanskriti School, a renowned education institution, which mainly serves the children of civil servants.
* Navy Children School, Delhi which mainly serves the children of Naval staff.
* Carmel Convent School - a K to 12 convent school for girls located in Malcha Marg. Follows the CBSE curriculum

### Universities

* Jesus and Mary College, a constituent college of the University of Delhi.
* Maitreyi College, another constituent college of the University of Delhi.
* South Asian University, an international university established by the SAARC.