OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sipmanidea

Sipmanidea is a small genus of fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. It comprises two species of leaf-dwelling lichens.

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 2023 by Amanda Xavier-Leite, Marcela Cáceres, and Robert Lücking. The type species of the genus is Sipmanidea neotropica, which was originally described as a subspecies of Echinoplaca furcata. Molecular phylogenetics analysis revealed that species previously classified within Echinoplaca actually formed two distinct clades, leading to the establishment of Sipmanidea as a separate genus. The genus was named in honour of Harrie Sipman, a prominent tropical lichenologist known for his work on foliicolous lichens.
The genus differs from related genera in several ways, particularly in its apothecial morphology and the characteristics of its ascospores. S. neotropica is distinguished from related species by its calenioid (crater-shaped) apothecia, while other species such as S. furcata display more echinoplacoid apothecia with a slightly raised thalline margin.

## Description

Sipmanidea lichens are small organisms that grow on the surface of living leaves in tropical forests. Their most distinctive features can be observed at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. The main body (thallus) of these lichens appears as a rough, warty crust on the leaf surface. It often has a whitish, frosted appearance, similar to a light dusting of powder. One of the most charactersitic features is the presence of delicate, white, branching hair-like structures (setae) that emerge from a clear or translucent base layer (prothallus) that spreads across the leaf surface.
The reproductive organs (apothecia) of Sipmanidea are orange in colour and either emerge from the surface (erumpent) or sit flat against it (adnate). These structures are often rimmed with a white, crystalline coating made up of tiny needle-shaped crystals. Under a microscope, the spores (ascospores) can be seen to have multiple compartments divided by both vertical and horizontal walls, creating a muriform or "brick-wall" pattern.
Microscopic features in the genus include specialised reproductive structures called hyphophores, which are pale yellow and shaped like bristles. Another distinctive feature is the presence of specialised fungal threads (diaphyphae) that come in two forms: thick and thin. The thin threads end in swollen segments that resemble sperm cells, a characteristic that helps distinguish this genus from its relatives.
When examined microscopically, these lichens reveal several distinct layers: a colourless outer layer (excipulum) made up of fungal threads; a clear supporting tissue (hypothecium) with densely packed, parallel fungal threads; and an upper layer (epithecium) that appears yellowish-brown and has a granular texture. These features, particularly the combination of branched setae, crystalline coating, and specialised reproductive structures, make Sipmanidea distinct from other closely related lichen genera.

## Species

* Sipmanidea furcata (Sérus.) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)
* Sipmanidea neotropica (Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)
# Bakurtsikhe

Bakurtsikhe is a village in the Gurjaani District of the Kakheti region, Georgia.
Bakurtsikhe is located on the right side of the river Alazani and on both sides of the Chalaubniskhevi river. It sits 440m above the sea level. It is 8 km from Gurjaani, with a population of 2,574 as of 2014.
# Headquarters of the French Communist Party

The headquarters of the French Communist Party (French: siège du Parti communiste français) are located at 2 Place du Colonel Fabien in the 19th arrondissement of Paris. The lead architect was Oscar Niemeyer, who had previously designed many buildings for Brazil's new capital of Brasília.

## Description

It was designed in 1966 and works began in 1968. The building was inaugurated in 1971; its external dome was not fully completed until 1980. It was built in concrete and has curves. The dome, where the party's National Council sits, represents a pregnant woman according to the architect. Niemeyer, himself a communist, designed the building while living in exile in France during the military dictatorship in Brazil. In designing the building, Niemeyer collaborated with Paul Chemetov, Jean Deroche [fr], José L. Pinho, Jean Prouvé, and Jacques Tricot.
In 2007, the building was classed as a monument historique. A survey by 20 minutes in 2020 found the building to be one that divided opinions the most among Parisians, alongside the Tour Montparnasse and the Sacré-Cœur.

## Other uses

When Robert Hue was party leader, it was agreed for fashion shows and filming to take part at the headquarters for extra income. The first was by Prada in 2000, followed by Thom Browne and Jean Paul Gaultier. Belgian singer Angèle filmed the video for "Jalousie" here, as did Alain Souchon for "Et si en plus, y a personne". The film Mood Indigo (2013) and the series Osmosis were also recorded here. As of 2012, the building only had 44 permanent staff, and was considered disproportionately large by Libération; national secretary Pierre Laurent said that the party would never sell the building.
In August 2008, the decision was made to rent out the top two of the six floors to private companies under the name Espace Niemeyer, which would save €3 million of an annual budget of €12 million. The first tenants were Autochenille Production, a comics and animation company.

## Gallery

* Aerial view of the dome
* Inside the dome
* Rooftop view
# Eddie Fullerton

Edward Fullerton (26 March 1935 – 25 May 1991) was a Sinn Féin councillor from Inishowen in County Donegal, Ireland. He was killed at his Buncrana home in May 1991 by members of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA).

## Childhood and career

The eldest of John and Mary (or Maria) Fullerton's 20 children, Fullerton emigrated to Scotland at the age of 18, and then moved to England. He became involved in Irish republicanism in Birmingham, where he also met and married Dinah Peach. They returned to Ireland in 1975 and had six children. He was elected to Donegal County Council for Sinn Féin in 1979, and held his seat until his assassination at age 56.

## Death

At 11:50 pm, four armed members of the Ulster Freedom Fighters (a cover name for the UDA) forced their way into an isolated house in Shandrum, outside Buncrana. They held the family occupying the house hostage for 2 hours before stealing a sledgehammer and their car, both of which were to be used in the killing of Fullerton.
At 2:00 am on 25 May 1991, Fullerton and his wife were woken by the sound of their front door being knocked in with a sledgehammer. Fullerton was then shot six times from the stairs as he left the bedroom to investigate the noise.
Following the attack, the loyalists fled across the border. The car used in the attack was later found on fire at around 4:05 am at Coney Road on Culmore Point outside Derry.
The UDA claimed the killing was retaliation for the Provisional IRA killing of Ian Sproule on 13 April 1991 near Castlederg, County Tyrone, alleging that Fullerton had leaked information on Sproule to the IRA from a Garda Síochána meeting. A subsequent Garda investigation found no evidence supporting the claim.

## Police file

A month later, a documentary on British television revealed that a police file from Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) intelligence containing Fullerton's photograph and details was found in the possession of the UDA in Derry. The weapon used to kill him was recovered two years later. The perpetrators were never found. The Fullerton family has long campaigned for an independent public inquiry into the events surrounding his death.
This was the third killing of an elected representative in the Republic of Ireland since its independence from the United Kingdom.

## Aftermath

The shooting dead by the IRA's Derry Brigade of high ranking UDA commander and UDP member Cecil McKnight in the Waterside area of Derry a month later was claimed as retaliation for the death of Fullerton.

## Arrest

On 12 December 2021, a 56-year-old man was arrested around 10 am as he was about to attend church in Muff, County Donegal. He was detained under section 30 of the Offences against the person Act and could be detained for up to three days. He was taken to Letterkenny Garda station for questioning. It is the first arrest in the case.
The arrested man was released without charge the following day. A file was to be prepared by the Director of Public Prosecutions.
# Elves (TV series)

Elves (Danish: Nisser) is a Danish horror-fantasy-drama streaming television series created by Stefan Jaworski. The first season, containing six episodes, premiered on Netflix on 28 November 2021.

## Background

The series was first announced on 6 October 2020. Stefan Jaworski had previously created the show The Rain.

## Synopsis

A Danish family travels to the remote island of Aarmandsø to spend Christmas together, away from the city. Unbeknownst to them, the island is inhabited by carnivorous elves. The protagonist of the story and youngest member of the family, Jose, befriends a stranded baby elf, whom they hit with their car while driving to their rented house. Jose names the elf Kee-ko. When the elves start killing people, the family has to fight for their lives.

## Cast and characters

* Sonja Sofie Engberg Steen as Jose Svane, a young girl who befriends a baby elf
* Milo Campanale as Kasper, Jose's brother
* Vivelill Søgaard Holm as Liv, an island local
* Lila Nobel as Charlotte, Jose's mother
* Peder Thomas Pedersen as Mads: Jose's father
* Ann Eleonora Jørgensen as Karen, an island local, Liv's grandmother
* Rasmus Hammeric as Møller, an island local and Liv's uncle
* Lukas Løkken as Anders, an island local

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original release date |
| 1 | "Aarmand Island" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |
| 2 | "Creature from the Woods" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |
| 3 | "The Secret" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |
| 4 | "Beyond the Fence" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |
| 5 | "The Outbreak" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |
| 6 | "The Sacrifice" | Roni Ezra | Stefan Jaworski | 28 November 2021 (2021-11-28) |

## Reception

The series received mixed reviews. The Guardian gave it a score of 2/5, describing it as "E.T. meets the Wicker Man as murderous gnomes run amok," and described it as "tropey" and "bland". CBR said that it was "too cute" to be considered a horror series, and that it was missing a lot of key elements. The Michigan Daily stated that it becomes increasingly hard to sympathize with Josephine as the series progresses, and said, "(the series) could use some improvement and possibly more likeable characters, but it most definitely doesn't lack creativity. Its chilling and unsettling twist on Christmas is not a familiar phenomenon when it comes to the screen. So while this six-episode fantastical horror may not be Netflix's next acclaimed sci-fi series, it is an addicting watch nonetheless. Nordic Watch praised the series, saying, "combining a Christmas family drama with fantasy, folklore, and horror – on a par with your scariest Doctor Who episode – the series is both disturbingly freaky and heart-warming fun."
In December 2021, Elves was in the top ten most viewed series on Netflix.
# Valery Arutyunov

Valeri Harutyunyan (Armenian: Վալերի Հարությունյան) is a former Soviet Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler. He won a silver medal at the 1974 World Wrestling Championships and two silver and one bronze medal at the European Wrestling Championships at 52 kg.
# Christian Kunz

Christian Kunz (13 October 1927 – 12 April 2020) was an Austrian virologist known for his work on the development of vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis, and his contributions to viral diagnostics and medical virology in Austria and Europe.

## Early life and education

Kunz was born in Linz, Austria, on 13 October 1927. He studied medicine in Vienna and Innsbruck, and obtained his doctorate in 1954.

## Career

Kunz began his career as an unpaid visiting doctor and then a research assistant at the Hygiene Institute of the University of Vienna.
In 1961–62, Kunz worked at the Rockefeller Laboratories in New York, alongside prominent virologists such as Max Theiler, who had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1951 for developing the yellow fever vaccine.
In Vienna, Kunz led a new virus department at the Hygiene Institute, focusing on arboviruses, such as tick-borne encephalitis. He developed innovative diagnostic techniques, studied the virus's structure, immunogenicity, and epidemiology.
In 1971, Kunz became the director of the newly-established Institute of Virology at the Medical Faculty, University of Vienna. His research focused on arboviruses and flaviviruses, including their structure, genetics, and molecular separation and diagnostic methods.

### Development of tick-borne encephalitis vaccine

In 1972, Kunz began collaborating with the Microbiological Research Establishment (MRE) Porton Down in the UK, which was involved in defensive biological research including vaccine development against pathogens like Japanese encephalitis virus and the louping-ill virus, closely related to tick-borne encephalitis.
At Porton Down, the veterinary microbiologist James Keppie led development into a tick-borne encephalitis vaccine, based on the Neudörfl strain of the TBE virus provided by Kunz.
Kunz and his colleague Hans Hoffmann first tested the new vaccine on each other, before leading trials in volunteers in Austria. After the trial was successful, public vaccination campaigns began. The vaccine significantly reduced tick-borne encephalitis cases in Austria.

## Legacy and Recognition

Kunz earned the Medal of Honour in Gold of the Federal Capital Vienna in 1988, and the Loeffler Frosch Medal from the international Society for Virology in 2006. He was also a founding member and chairman of the European Group for Rapid Virus Diagnosis, advancing virus diagnostics.
# Mojave City, Arizona

Mohave City (also spelled as Mojave City) is a ghost town in Mohave County in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. Settled in the 1860s, in what was then the Arizona Territory, it was founded as a river landing and trading center for area miners and soldiers, and was named for Mohave County.

## History
### Mohave City

Indian threats to miners on the southern portion of the Colorado River spurred the creation of Fort Mohave by the Army, at the present day location of the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation. The relative safety provided by the military presence led to the founding of Mohave City in 1863 by California Volunteers troops stationed at the nearby fort 5 miles down river.
Mohave City served primarily as a recreation town and its saloons and brothels thrived, thanks to the ample supply of miners and soldiers. By 1866, the town had grown large enough to become the county seat, and a post office was established on October 8, 1866.
Unlike most ghost towns in Arizona, which were abandoned due to the local mine running out, Mohave City was short-lived for a different reason. Fort Mohave expanded its borders to include the town site in 1869, mostly to get rid of it. In the fall of 1869, the military demanded that all civilians leave within 30 days, and proceeded to absorb the town's land. Many residents packed up their homes and businesses, and moved on to new locations but others remained as did the post office.

### Hardyville

The steamboat landing and freighting town of Hardyville (now within the limits of Bullhead City), created in 1864, 5 miles north of Mohave City, gained in prominence over Mohave City when it became the Colorado River ferry crossing of the road between Los Angeles and Prescott and a major steamboat landing for the George A. Johnson & Company, closer to the local San Francisco Mining District mines than Mohave City.$^{:39–40}$ On January 21, 1867, Hardyville took over the title of county seat.

### Fort Mohave−Mohave City

After the assumption of the land by the military, the town was referred to interchangeably as Fort Mohave or Mohave City. The town clearly continued in some capacity, as it was listed as having 159 residents in the 1870 US Census. By the 1880s, the town still housed approximately 50 residents, as well as a post office, gunsmith, a blacksmith, a pharmacist, and a general store.
In 1890, the government gave the Fort Mohave land to the Indian Service by order of President Benjamin Harrison. Shortly thereafter, the buildings came to be used as a school for the local Indian population, housing as many as 200 students. The school closed and the buildings were given up by the Indian Service in 1935, and on October 31, 1938, the post office was discontinued. From that point onward, the land has been part of the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation.

## Remnants

Today, nothing remains of the fort, or the original buildings of Mohave City.

## Geography

Mohave City was located at approximately 35°02′24″N 114°37′23″W﻿ / ﻿35.04000°N 114.62306°W﻿ / 35.04000; -114.62306 (35.0444453, -114.6230214) on the bank of the Colorado River, 10 miles (16 km) south of Bullhead City.
# Richards Historic District

Richards Historic District is a national historic district located in Greenwood, Sussex County, Delaware. The district includes 21 contributing buildings and 1 contributing site encompassing portions of three separate farms with three groupings of farm buildings. The farms are Poplar Level Farm, Locust Grove Farm, and Middle Space Farm. The three houses in the district were constructed by various members of the Richards family between 1758 and 1868. The earliest structure in the district is Poplar Level, the main section of which was built about 1758 by John Richards.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Kirk Degiorgio

Kirk Degiorgio, better known as "As One", is a British techno producer and DJ. Born in the late 1960s in Stepney, East London, and raised in Suffolk, he started producing music in the early 1990s. He founded the labels A.R.T. Records and Op-Art Records and releases on them as well as B12 Records, R&S Records, New Electronica, and others. His style is a mixture of Detroit-style techno, mixed with funk, soul and jazz fusion. He is one half of The Beauty Room.

## Discography
### As As One

* Reflections (1994)
* Celestial Soul (1995)
* Reflections on Reflections (1995) (Remix album)
* The Art of Prophecy (1997)
* Planetary Folklore (1997)
* In with Their Arps, and Moogs, and Jazz and Things (1997)
* So Far: So Good (2000)
* 21st Century Soul (2001)
* Out of the Darkness (2004)
* Elegant Systems (2005)
* Planetary Folklore 2 (2006)
* Communion (2019)
* As One Squared (2023)

### As Kirk Degiorgio

* Check One (1996)
* Synthesis (1998)
* Two Worlds (2001) (Far Out Recordings)
* Sambatek (2013) Far Out Recordings

### As The Beauty Room

* The Beauty Room (2006)
* The Beauty Room II (2012)
# Ridgewood Farm

Ridgewood Farm is an historic farm complex and national historic district that is located in Cumru Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

## History and architectural features

This has eight contributing buildings and five contributing structures. They are a two-story, vernacular, Federal-style, sandstone farmhouse (c. 1810), a sandstone, Pennsylvania bank barn (1809), a sandstone summer kitchen/butcher house, a one-and-half-story, sandstone, produce storage building (1810), a ground cellar, a stone wall, and other outbuildings.
Also located on the property are the remains of the Schuylkill Canal that operated from 1924 to 1932, and two railroad lines.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

## Gallery

* Summer Kitchen
* Vaulted building
* Barn and Milk house
* Barn upper ramp and Silo
* Ground Cellar and shed
# Hana (Mémento Mori)

"Hana (Mémento Mori) (花 -Mémento-Mori-)" is the eleventh single by the Japanese rock band Mr. Children.
The song was released as one of the lead-off singles from the album Shinkai on April 10, 1996 on only 500 yen, because its compact disc not contains any B-Sides or Karaoke versions. Like the previous materials, "Hana" also debuted at the number-one on the Japanese Oricon chart, and remained the peak position for a couple of weeks, finally selling more than 1.5 million copies.
The Latin subtitle of the song which means "think about the death" was named after the photo book that made songwriter impressed, which was taken and edited by Shinya Fujiwara. When the re-recorded version of the song was featured on B-side of a single "Yasashii Uta" released in 2001, its alternative title was omitted.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Kazutoshi Sakurai
# River Street Historic District (New Haven, Connecticut)

The River Street Historic District encompasses a historic industrial area in the Fair Haven section of New Haven, Connecticut. Located south of Chapel Street between James Street and Blatchley Avenue, the industrial buildings here date to New Haven's growth as a major industrial center between the American Civil War and World War I, with significant emphasis on metalworking businesses. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

## Description and history

The River Street Historic District occupies about 8.5 acres (3.4 ha) on the southern end of the Fair Haven Peninsula, with harbor frontage to the south. It includes three large industrial complexes dating from the 1870s to the 1910s, with most buildings constructed out of load-bearing brick or masonry. It is significant in New Haven's industrial history as the site of several metals-related manufacturing enterprises. It includes the Dutee Wilcox Flint auto plant, a nail manufacturing plant, the complex of the National Pipe Bending Company, and others.
The area developed as a major industrial area after the Civil War due to New Haven's status as a major railroad junction, with ready access to nearby railroads and a supply of both skilled and unskilled labor from immigration and the city's earlier industries. In 1869, Hobart Bigelow expanded his boiler manufacturing operation to a new location in Fair Haven, and in 1883 he established National Pipe Bending, which manufactured parts for use in his boilers. The area reached its largest extent due to war-related manufacturing in World War I, and declined thereafter. The layout of the buildings was made to maximize access to railroad access spurs that ran along what are now some of the area's roads.
# Rock Hill Downtown Historic District

Rock Hill Downtown Historic District consists of twelve contiguous buildings built between 1870 and 1931 in downtown Rock Hill in York County, South Carolina.
The twelve buildings are:
* Episcopal Church of Our Saviour, 144 Caldwell St.
* First Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 201 E. White St.
* First Baptist Church, 215 E. Main St.
* St. John's United Methodist Church, St. John's Court
* Old Post Office Building, 325 Oakland Ave.
* Post Office and Federal Building, 102 E. Main St.
* Andrew Jackson Hotel, 223 E. Main St.
* Citizens Bank Building, 157 E. Main St.
* McFadden Building, 212 E. Main St.
* Bass Furniture Company, 208-210 E. Main St.
* Fink's Department Store 206 E. Main St.
* Rock Hill Supply Company, 202 E. Main St.
In 1931 the Old Post Office Building was moved about a block from its original site where the new Post Office now stands. The Old Post Office then served as a library, until 1974, and now serves as a private office building. It was built in 1906 and designed by James Knox Taylor, the Supervising Architect of the Treasury.