OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Royal warrant of appointment (Thailand)

Royal warrants of appointment (Thai: ตราตั้ง) in Thailand have been issued for decades initially to those who supplied goods or services to the King of Thailand, but have evolved to include companies and businesses that have shown exceptional services and commitment to the economic and social development of the nation. The warrant enables the company to advertise the royal approval of distinction with the display of the royal Garuda (Phra Khrut), thus lending prestige to the company.
The royal warrant of appointment is typically advertised on company hoardings, letter-heads and products by displaying the Garuda as appropriate. Underneath the emblem will usually appear the phrase "By Appointment to His Majesty the King" (โดยได้รับพระบรมราชานุญาต). Often, a large statue of the red garuda emblem will be displayed at the headquarters of the company on the roof, in front of it, or in other rooms. The bestowing of the royal Garuda emblem to a company is considered one of the highest honours for a business in Thailand.

## Royal warrant holders

Warrants are granted in the name of the king. Dozens of Thai companies hold such warrants.
Warrants are awarded at the discretion of the Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household. The company must have shown "[...] transparency, virtue and trustworthiness, and one that has shown loyalty to the royal household and His Majesty [...]."
Companies are permitted to use the royal Garuda emblem as symbol of their status. A sculpture may be hoisted, which is anointed and blessed by high monks in a Buddhist rite.
The exact number of royal warrant holders is not made public and some companies chose not to divulge that information. Holders tend to be Thai companies, such as Bangkok Airways, Bangkok Bank, Bangkok Hospital, Bangkok Insurance, Berli Jucker, Boon Rawd Brewery, Central Department Store, Charoen Pokphand, Chue Chin Hua, Deves Insurance, International Engineering Public Company Limited, King Power, Muang Thai Life Assurance, Osotspa, Shin Corporation, Siam Commercial Bank, Thai Nakon and TMB Bank.
A non-Thai old warrant holder is Cartier SA, which has received it back in the early 1900s. Other foreign companies that have received royal appointments are DKSH, Shell Thailand on 17 August 1990, Esso Thailand in 1998 and Singer Corporation Thailand on 24 May 2004.
# Walter de Amersham

Walter de Amersham, also known as Walter de Agsmundesham (died 1304) was the Lord Chancellor of Scotland during the English administration in Scotland from 1296 to 1304.

## Biography

He was a Royal Clerk and Justice of the Peace during the reign of Edward I of England. He was appointed in 1291 as assistant to Alan de St Edmund, the Chancellor for Scotland. Walter was paid 10 merks every month for his service. During 1296, Walter was appointed to the position of Chancellor of Scotland during the English administration in Scotland and served in this function until his death in 1304.
Walter is known to have had two sons Alan and Thomas, whom his property was divided between.

## Citations

* ↑ Watson, p.xvii.
* ↑ Keith, p. 212
# Murayama Station (Nagano)

Murayama Station (村山駅, Murayama-eki) is a railway station in the city of Suzaka, Nagano, Japan, operated by the private railway operating company Nagano Electric Railway.

## Lines

Murayama Station is a station on the Nagano Electric Railway Nagano Line and is 10.0 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Nagano Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of one ground-level side platform serving one bi-directional track, connected to the station building by a level crossing. The station is unattended.

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Nagano Electric Railway |||||
| Express-A: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Express-B: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Yanagihara | Local | Hino |

## History

The station opened on 28 June 1926.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 388 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* National Route 406
* Chikuma River
# Futawamukōdai Station

Futawamukōdai Station (二和向台駅, Futawamukōdai-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Funabashi, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Shin-Keisei Electric Railway.

## Lines

Futawamukōdai Station is served by the Shin-Keisei Line, and is located 16.3 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Matsudo Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of two opposed side platforms.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Shin-Keisei Line | For Kita-Narashino, Shin-Tsudanuma, Keisei-Tsudanuma |
| 2 | ■ Shin-Keisei Line | For Shin-Kamagaya, Yabashira, Matsudo |

## History

Futawamukōdai Station was opened on 16 March 1949.

### Future plans

Effective April 2025, the station is to come under the aegis of Keisei Electric Railway as the result of the buyout of the Shin-Keisei Railway.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2018, the station was used by an average of 17,677 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Funabashi City Yakigaya Junior High School
* Funabashi Municipal Sakigaoka Elementary School
* Funabashi Municipal Yakigaya Elementary School
# Illicit financial flows

Illicit financial flows, in economics, are a form of illegal capital flight that occurs when money is illegally earned, transferred, or spent. This money is intended to disappear from any record in the country of origin, and earnings on the stock of illicit financial flows outside a country generally do not return to the country of origin.
Illicit financial flows can be generated in a variety of ways that are not revealed in national accounts or balance of payments figures, including trade mispricing, bulk cash movements, hawala transactions, and smuggling.
There are several economic models used to provide estimates of illicit financial flows and capital flight. The two most common methods are the World Bank Residual Model and the DOTS-based Trade Mispricing Model, which uses the IMF's Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) database to analyze discrepancies in trade statistics between partner countries. Another way to estimate trade mispricing is with the IPPS-based model, which was developed by John Zdanowicz of Florida International University. This method uses individual import and export transactions of the United States with the rest of the world to find inconsistencies in export and import prices. Economists also use hot money (Narrow) Method and the Dooley Method in these estimates.
A 2013 paper, authorized by Raymond W. Baker, Director of the Global Financial Integrity estimated illicit financial flows "out of developing countries are approximately $1 trillion a year". This study also found that China, Russia, and Mexico accounted for the three largest shares of worldwide illicit financial flows.
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 16 has a target to significantly reduce illicit financial flows and strengthen recovery and return of stolen assets by 2030.

## Pakistan

Estimates of illicit financial flows in Pakistan are estimated to be at over $10 billion as escaping taxation and being siphoned off outside the country. This is with nearly one third of the population living below the poverty line.

## Swaziland

Swaziland lost approximately $556 million to illicit financial flows in 2012 and a record of $1.139 billion in 2007.
# Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon

Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon is a Danish encyclopedia that has been published in several editions.
The first edition, Salmonsens Store Illustrerede Konversationsleksikon was published in nineteen volumes 1893–1911 by Brødrene Salmonsens Forlag, and named after the publisher Isaac Salmonsen. The second edition, Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon, was published in 26 volumes 1915–1930, under the editorship of Christian Blangstrup (volume 1–21), and Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen and Palle Raunkjær (volume 22–26), issued by J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel.

## Editions

* Salmonsens Store Illustrerede Konversationsleksikon, 19 volumes, Copenhagen: Brødrene Salmonsen, 1893–1911
* Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon, 2nd edition, editors: Christian Blangstrup (I–XXI), Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen and Palle Raunkjær (XXII–XXVI), 26 volumes, Copenhagen: J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel, 1915–1930.
* Den Lille Salmonsen, 3rd edition, 12 volumes, Copenhagen, 1937–1940.
* Salmonsen Leksikon-Tidsskrift (SLT), Copenhagen, 1941–1955. A series of booklets issued monthly.
* Den nye Salmonsen, 1 volume, Copenhagen, 1949.
# Poss Mountain

Poss Mountain is a prominent 6,180-foot (1,880 meter) mountain summit located in the Philip Smith Mountains of the Brooks Range, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated 80 miles north of the Arctic Circle, five miles east of Dalton Highway, 11.3 mi (18 km) south of Sukakpak Mountain, and 190 mi (306 km) north-northwest of Fairbanks. The peak was named about 1930 by wilderness activist Robert Marshall after "Poss" Postlethwaite, an early and old gold prospector in this area around Wiseman. Robert Marshall described the then 78-year-old Postlethwaite as "the oldest man in the Koyukuk," having spent 32 winters in the area. The name was officially adopted in 1932 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The Poss Mountain Research Natural Area (8,042 acres) was designated in 1991 to protect natural mineral licks and lambing habitat for Dall sheep. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Middle and South Forks of Koyukuk River.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Poss Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, winters, and short, cool summers. Temperatures can drop below −30 °C with wind chill factors below −50 °C. The months June through August offer the most favorable weather for viewing and climbing.
# Sari Station (Karatsu)

Sari Station (佐里駅, Sari-eki) is a passenger railway station on the Chikuhi Line of Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu), located in the city of Karatsu, Saga Prefecture, Japan.

## Lines

The station is served by the western section of the Chikuhi Line and is 8.2 km from the starting point of this section at Yamamoto.

## Station layout

The station, which is unstaffed, consists of a side platform serving a single track on a low embankment. There is no station building but a shelter is provided on the platform. In addition, the municipal authorities have set up a waiting room named "Aki Sakura-kan" (meaning Autumn Cherry Blossom Room) near the station entrance. This is a simple wooden structure of Japanese design, similar to one that was built two stops up the line at Hizen-Kubo. A bike shed is provided nearby.

## Adjacent stations

| ← | | Service | | → |
| Chikuhi Line (western section) |||||
| Nishi-Ōchi | Nishi-Ōchi | Local | Komanaki | Komanaki |

## History

The private Kitakyushu Railway, which had a track between Hakata and Higashi-Karatsu by 1926 and had expanded southwards to Yamamoto by 1929. In a later phase of expansion, the track was extended west from Yamamoto to Imari, which opened as the western terminus on 1 March 1935. This station was opened on the same day as an intermediate station on the new track under the name Sari Onsen (佐里温泉). In 1936, the station name was changed to Matsuura Onsen (松浦温泉). The Kitakyushi Railway was nationalised on 1 October 1937 and Japanese Government Railways (JGR) assumed control of the station, changed the name again to Sari and designated the track which served it as part of the Chikuhi Line. The station was closed on 10 August 1941 and reopened on 1 June 1946. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Kyushu.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2015, there were a total of 3,342 boarding passengers, giving a daily average of 9 passengers.

## Surrounding area

* Karatsu City Sari Elementary School
# Joseph Mouawad

Joseph Mouawad (born 26 March 1970 in Mayfouq, Lebanon) is the current eparch of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Zahleh in Lebanon.

## Life

Joseph Mouawad received his priestly ordination on 13 August 1995.
Pope Benedict XVI confirmed his appointment as Curial Bishop of Antioch and appointed him on 16 June 2012 Titular bishop of Ptolemais in Phoenicia dei Maroniti. Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Cardinal Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, OMM ordained him on 28 July of the same year to the episcopate. His co-consecrators were Samir Mazloum, retired Curial Bishop of Antioch, Guy-Paul Noujaim, emeritus Curial Bishop in Joubbé, Sarba and Jounieh, Paul Youssef Matar, Archeparch of Beirut, Francis Némé Baïssari, Emeritus Auxiliary Bishop in Joubbé, Sarba and Jounieh, Paul Nabil El-Sayah, Curial Bishop of Antioch, Joseph Mohsen Béchara, Archbishop Emeritus of Antelias, Simon Atallah, OAM, Eparch of Baalbek-Deir El-Ahmar, François Eid, OMM, procurator of the Maronite Patriarch at the Holy See, Edgard Madi, Eparch of Nossa Senhora do Líbano em São Paulo, and Michel Aoun, Eparch of Byblos.
Mouawad was named Eparch of Zahleh on March 14, 2015.
# Chatham Day School

Chatham Day School is an independent coeducational day school located in Chatham Township, New Jersey, United States, serving students in preschool through grade eight. Chatham Day School opened its doors in 1998, and is small by design. Class sizes are maintained at a maximum of 14 per class with a 4:1 student teacher ratio.
As of the 2014–15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 172 students in grades K-8.
The Chatham Day School is a member of NAIS, and is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools and the New Jersey Association of Independent Schools.
# Henny Eman (born 1887)

Jan Hendrik Albert "Henny" Eman (7 August 1887 – 17 October 1957) was an Aruban politician and founder of the Aruban People's Party who led the movement for Aruba's autonomy from Curaçao. His grandson went on to become the first Prime Minister of Aruba.

## Biography

Henny Eman was born on 7 August 1887 in Aruba. In 1921, he became a member of the Aruba Court of Policy. In 1922, he was elected to the Council of State, a governing body which was subservient to the Colonial Council of Curaçao. The number of voters for the Council of State was severely limited: in 1931, Eman was re-elected with 144 votes.
In 1931, Eman was one of the petitioners to the States General of the Netherlands asking for more autonomy for Aruba. In 1937, the Colonial Council of Curaçao was dissolved and replaced by the Parliament of Curaçao, however Curaçao and the Netherlands were still firmly in control. Of the 15 members, 5 were appointed by the Governor, 6 were from Curaçao, 2 from Aruba, 1 from Bonaire and 1 from the SSS islands.
In 1941, Eman was elected to Parliament. He firmly defended the interests of Aruba, and advocated Separación, seceding from Curaçao and Dependencies, but maintaining links to the Netherlands. In 1942, Eman founded the Aruban People's Party (AVP). On 6 December 1942, Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands made a speech about the need for reorganization and democratization of the colonies. The speech was intended to keep Indonesia inside the empire, however it was considered revolutionary in Suriname and in Aruba.
Eman advocated for an equal number of representation for Aruba, and participated in the round table conferences about the future of the Kingdom. In 1947, Eman organized a petition to secede from Curaçao and Dependencies and become an autonomous region of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1949 both Aruba and Curaçao were given 8 seats.
In 1951, the Aruba Court of Policy was disbanded and replaced by an Island Council who were in charge of the local administration of the island. In 1952, the number of seats for Curaçao was increased to 12 while Aruba remained at 8. In 1954, the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands came into effect making the Netherlands Antilles a constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1955, the AVP lost the majority seats to the Aruban Patriotic Party (PPA) who advocated a more moderate course.
Eman died on 17 October 1957 at the age of 70. In 1972, a statue was erected on Henny Eman Plaza near the Parliament building of Aruba. During his tenure, Eman enacted projects such as the Oranjestad Harbor, then Princess-Beatrix International Airport and several roads and schools.
# Prairie Creek Peak

Prairie Creek Peak, at 10,138 feet (3,090 m) above sea level is the sixth highest peak in the Smoky Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located on the border of both Sawtooth National Forest and Sawtooth National Recreation Area and Blaine and Camas counties. It is located about 1.5 mi (2.4 km) southwest of Norton Peak, west of Big Lost Lake, southeast of the Prairie Lakes, and northwest of Smoky and Little Lost lakes. No roads or trails go to the summit.
# Hoël II, Duke of Brittany

Hoël II (c. 1031–1084) was Count of Kernev (French: Cornouaille, Breton: Kernev), from 1058 as Hoël V. On the basis of his marriage to Hawise, Duchess of Brittany, in 1066, he became Duke of Brittany jure uxoris.

## Life

Hoël was the son of Count Alan Canhiart of Cornouaille and his wife, Judith of Nantes, granddaughter of the illegitimate son of Duke Alan II of Brittany. Hoël started the House of Cornouaille of Brittany, which ruled the duchy until 1156.
Hoël became count of Nantes in 1054. The title came to him from his maternal cousin, Count Matthew I of Nantes, who died in 1050. Alan Canhiart seize the county in Hoël's name in 1050, and ruled it as regent for his son until 1054. Duke Conan II of Brittany attempted to seize Nantes in 1054 but was defeated.
Conan died childless in December 1066 and the duchy passed to Hawise and Hoël, but their marriage may have further strengthened Brittany at a time when external interference was attempted by William the Conqueror. Hawise died in 1072.
During his reign Hoël faced several rebellions from Breton nobles. Geoffrey Grenonat of Rennes (an illegitimate son of Duke Alan III of Brittany and half-brother of Hawise) led a revolt and was joined by Ralph de Gael who had returned to Brittany from England after the failure of the previous year's Revolt of the Earls. In 1076, Ralph having plotted against Hoël, was besieged at Dol. William the Conqueror came to Hoël's aid, after which Hoël finally made peace with Ralph.

## Marriage and children

Hoël and Hawise had:
* Alan IV, succeeded to the duchy of Brittany
* Matthew, succeeded to the county of Nantes.
# Chop Point School

Chop Point School is a school located in the city of Woolwich, Maine.

## History

The school site was originally inhabited by Native Americans sometime in the early 1500s to 1600s. At some point there was likely at least a small farm here and even a small fort possibly. Many archeological artifacts have been found on campus ranging from colonial pipes to Indian arrow heads and fishing weights. During the revolutionary war it is possible that Benedict Arnold may have stopped here or at least passed by on his way to Canada up the Kennebec River. In the late 1800s to early 1900s an all girls camp was established at Chop Point, the camp was called the Merrymeeting Camp at this time. Then in the 1950s the camp changed hands again as it was purchased by Franklin Hayward and Peter Willard. With this new land they planned to start a Christian summer camp. However, they were forced to postpone any and all building due to the nearby Kennebec River being heavily polluted by upriver waste.
This put the plans for a camp on hold until the river was no longer a hazard and once they were later able to receive accreditation from the American Camping Association in 1967. With that, Franklin Hayward and Peter Willard were able to start the Christian summer camp Chop Point. Three decades later, in 1987, Hayward and Willard added Chop Point School, a Christian school, to along with their camp.

## Geography

The school is located on Chops Point, a peninsula that juts into the Kennebec River. The campus looks out into Merrymeeting Bay and The Chops. The campus has hills, multiple buildings, camp cabins and a barn. Other facilities include tennis courts, a playground, a large gymnasium, a system of trails along the bay and a soccer field called Bridge Field.

## Students

The school's total enrollment is 88 students of ages ranging from kindergarten to the 12th grade. There are exchange students that come every year from all over the world; they typically live at the school during the year. The teacher-student ratio is one to six.

## Athletics

Chop Point School offers a variety of sports. The soccer team is class D in the Maine Principals Association. The 2015 soccer team went 2–8, with wins against High-View Christian Academy and Temple Academy. The school also hosts a running club and the basketball team competes in the MCSSL.
# Peter Dursun

Peter Dursun (born 8 January 1975) is a former Danish footballer, who played for Southend United in the Football League in 1996.
Dursun made his debut in the Division One for Southend United on 14 December 1996, away to Queens Park Rangers in the 4–0 defeat, replacing Julian Hails in the 53rd minute.
He then played for Aarhus Fremad, and Hvidovre IF.
# Moûtiers-Salins-Brides-les-Bains station

Moûtiers-Salins-Brides-les-Bains station is a railway station in the Savoie department of Southeastern France. The station, which is located in the town of Moûtiers, is served by two major high-speed services: the TGV and Eurostar.
It is the principal gateway point for the Les Trois Vallées ski resorts if travelling by train. Passengers alight at this station and catch the frequent bus services to the various Les Trois Vallées resorts.
Juxtaposed controls were in operation in the station for Eurostar passengers travelling to the UK. They cleared exit checks from the Schengen Area (carried out by Customs officers) as well as UK entry checks (conducted by the UK Border Force) in the station before boarding their train.

## Services

* High speed services (TGV) Paris - Chambéry - Albertville - Bourg-Saint-Maurice
* Local services (TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) (Lyon -) Chambéry - St-Pierre-d'Albigny - Albertville - Bourg-Saint-Maurice
These services operate during the winter ski season:
* High speed services (Eurostar) London - Bourg-Saint-Maurice
* High speed services (Thalys) Amsterdam - Brussels - Chambéry - Bourg-Saint-Maurice
# Pueblo Mountain

Pueblo Mountain is the highest mountain of the Pueblo Mountains mountain range, at 8,632 feet (2,631 m) in elevation. It is located in Harney County in southeastern Oregon, within the Great Basin region of the western United States. It is about 7.4 miles (11.9 km) north of the community of Denio on the Nevada border and about 37.3 miles (60.0 km) south of Steens Mountain.