OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Basil Engholm

Sir Basil Charles Engholm KCB (2 August 1912 – 12 June 1990) was a senior British civil servant at the Ministry of Agriculture. On retirement he was heavily involved in raising money for the arts and was Chairman of the British Film Institute.

## Career

Engholm was born in Melbourne, Australia, the only son of Charles Engholm and his wife Ethel Nora Bowie. His father was of Swedish descent, and worked for the Anglo-American Metal Company in various parts of the world. Engholm returned to England and then went out to Chile at the age of 8, where he learnt to ride on his father’s ranch. He was educated at Tonbridge School, at the Sorbonne in Paris and Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, where he took a Law Tripos and gained a double first. He became a member of Gray's Inn, and followed his father into the Anglo-American Metal Company in New York from 1933 to 1934. He did not like working for the company, and entered the British Civil Service in 1935. He was posted to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
He rose in the Ministry of Agriculture where he stayed throughout his career until he reached the top job. He became Under Secretary 1954 and Deputy Secretary in 1964 when he was made CB. During his time at the Ministry he acquired a reputation as the right man to deal with difficult problems. He picked up the pieces in the Crichel Down affair and was heavily involved in the Icelandic Cod War. His diplomacy in these and other matters led to his appointment as Permanent Secretary in 1968 in succession to Sir John Winnifrith, and he was knighted (KCB) that year. While still a civil servant he and his wife found time to develop a great enthusiasm for the arts, including painting, theatre, ballet, film and opera.

## Retirement

Engholm retired from the Civil Service in 1973 and became a company director for Comfin Ltd until 1985. He had free time on his hands and put his energy into raising money for the arts. He was Chairman of British Film Institute from 1978 to 1981 and quickly recognised the need for commercial sponsorship of the arts. During his time as Chairman, the idea of the Museum of the Moving Image was generated. His greatest love was Sadler's Wells Theatre. He was a director of the Sadler's Wells Theatre Trust from 1975 and of the New Sadler's Wells Opera from 1987 to 1989. He was also a director of the Trustee Theatre Trust from 1977 to 1984.

## Personal life

In 1936, Engholm married Nancy Hewitt, daughter of Clifford Hewitt of Rye. They had a daughter born in 1943.
# Marko Mandić (singer)

Marko Mandić (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Мандић; born 1 Februar 1995) is a Serbian singer and songwriter.

## Biography

Mandić has been involved in music since childhood, singing in a choir since childhood. He studied economics. His longtime collaborator is producer and godfather Nemanja Filipović. He released the notable duet song "Ujutru" with Sara Jo. In 2014, the song Ramdagadam was one of the most played domestic songs. On 21 December 2023, Mandić was announced among the participants of Pesma za Evroviziju '24, the Serbian national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, with the song "Dno". The song qualified for the final.
Mandić is married to singer Goga Stanić and they have a daughter.

## Discography
### Albums

* Sve što nisi (2016)

### EPs

* Komerz (2022)

### Singles

* Mnogo dobro (2014)
* Keva (2014)
* Ramdagadam (2015)
* Ujutro (with Sara Jo) (2015)
* Dobar dan (2015)
* Pamtim (2015)
* Daj mi to (with Gazda Paja) (2015)
* Troje (with Sara Jo) (2016)
* Instagram (with Wikluh Sky) (2016)
* Na ivici (2018)
* Kolateralna šteta (2020)
* Ratovi (2020)
* Nismo uspeli (2020)
* Zamalo (2021)
* Leto stiže (2022)
* Siguran (2023)
* Dno (2024)
# Evgeniya Gutnova

Evgeniya Vladimirovna Gutnova (Russian: Евгения Владимировна Гутнова; 1914 - 1992) was a Soviet Russian historian and medievalist, Doctor of Sciences in Historical Sciences (1957). She was a professor at the Lomonosov Moscow State University (since 1959).
Julius Martov is her uncle. Lydia Dan is her aunt.
She graduated from the Faculty of History at Lomonosov Moscow State University in 1939. She was a student of Eugene Kosminsky.
In 1942, she defended her candidate's dissertation on Thomas Carlyle. Her opponent was A. I. Neusykhin. In 1956, she defended her doctoral thesis on the history of the English Parliament. At MSU, she was a Deputy head of Department of History of the Middle Ages, which was then headed by Sergei Skazkin.
She published in Voprosy Istorii and Soviet Historical Encyclopedia.
# Donald Ferguson (politician)

Donald Ferguson, PC (7 March 1839 – 3 September 1909) was a Canadian politician.
Born in Marshfield, Prince Edward Island, originally a livestock farmer, Ferguson spent much of his life in public service; from 1872–1873 he served as a justice of the peace, resigning that position in prior to his first of unsuccessful bid for a position on the PEI Legislative Council. He also failed in his bid for a Legislative Council seat in 1874, and for a seat as a Conservative in the Prince Edward Island House of Assembly in 1876. However, in 1878 he finally succeeded in winning, by acclamation, a seat in the House, a position he defended for twelve years until his resignation in October 1890. During this twelve-year period he served variously as commissioner of public works, provincial secretary, treasurer, and Commissioner of Crown Lands.
Ferguson also hoped to become a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada, but was defeated in the Canadian federal election of 1887 and again in 1891 when he stood as member for the electoral district of Queen's County. However, on 4 September 1893, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada on the recommendation of John Sparrow David Thompson. He became influential in federal politics, and in January 1895 was appointed Minister without portfolio in the cabinet of Sir Mackenzie Bowell's government. From 6 January 1896 – 14 January 1896, Ferguson also functioned as the acting Minister of Agriculture. Ferguson served representing the senatorial division of Queen's, Prince Edward Island until his death in 1909.
A son was the classicist William Scott Ferguson.
vte1887 Canadian federal election: Queen's County :
| Candidate | Votes | Elected |
| Liberal | Louis Henry Davies | 4,382 | X |
| Independent Liberal | William Welsh | 4,314 | – | X |
| Conservative | Donald Ferguson | 3,599 | |
| Conservative | William Campbell | 3,430 | |
vte1891 Canadian federal election: Queen's County :
| Candidate | Votes | Elected |
| Liberal | Louis Henry Davies | 4,006 | X |
| Independent Liberal | William Welsh | 3,854 | X |
| Conservative | Patrick Blake | 3,669 | |
| Conservative | Donald Ferguson | 3,521 | |
# 2004 Swiss Figure Skating Championships

The 2004 Swiss Figure Skating Championships (officially named German: Schweizermeisterschaften Elite Kunstlaufen und Eistanzen and French: Championnats Suisses Elite Patinage Artistique et Danse sur Glace) were held in Neuchâtel from December 18 through 20th, 2003. Medals were awarded in two disciplines of men's singles and ladies' singles.

## Senior results
### Men

Michael Ganser of Germany was a guest competitor who finished 5th.
| Rank | Name | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Stéphane Lambiel | 1.5 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Patrick Meier | 3.0 | 2 | 2 |
| 3 | Jamal Othman | 4.5 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | Moris Pfeifhofer | 6.0 | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | André Kilchenmann | 7.5 | 5 | 5 |

### Ladies

Kristin Wieczorek of Germany and Anne-Sophie Pichon of France were guest competitors who finished 3rd and 6th respectively.
| Rank | Name | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Cindy Carquillat | 1.5 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Lucie Anne Blazek | 4.0 | 4 | 2 |
| 3 | Myriam Flühmann | 5.0 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Angélique Steudler | 6.5 | 7 | 3 |
| 5 | Jennifer Schmid | 7.5 | 5 | 5 |
| 6 | Viviane Käser | 8.5 | 3 | 7 |
| 7 | Sarah Aepli | 12.5 | 13 | 6 |
| 8 | Nicole Graf | 12.5 | 9 | 8 |
| 9 | Corinne Djoungong | 13.0 | 6 | 10 |
| 10 | Fabienne Stoop | 15.0 | 12 | 9 |
| 11 | Tamaki Bieri | 16.5 | 11 | 11 |
| 12 | Nys Meier | 19.0 | 14 | 12 |
| 13 | Mélanie Baumann | 20.5 | 15 | 13 |
| WD | Myriam Leuenberger | | 8 | |
| WD | Fabiola Erbetta | | 10 | |
# 420 BC

Year 420 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. The denomination 420 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Greece

* The young and popular Alcibiades is elected "Strategos" (one of a board of ten generals) and begins to dominate Athenian life and politics. A Quadruple Alliance of Athens, Argos, Mantineia and Elis, which has been organised by Alcibiades (in opposition to Nicias) confronts a Spartan-Boeotian alliance.
* Around 420 BC, Spartans were excluded from participating in the Olympic Games due to their ongoing conflicts with other Greek city-states, violating a peace treaty. This exclusion was part of a broader effort to maintain the peaceful atmosphere of the games.

### By topic
#### Drama

* Euripides' play The Suppliant Women is performed.
* Euripides' play Phaethon is performed.

## Deaths

* Protagoras, Greek presocratic philosopher (b. c. 490 BC)
# André Leipold

André Leipold (born 12 November 2001) is a German professional footballer who plays as a forward for Czech First League club Pardubice.

## Career

Leipold is a youth product of TV Altötting, Red Bull Salzburg, Bayern Munich, Unterhaching, DFI Bad Aibling, and Wacker Burghausen. A street footballer in his youth, he began his senior career with Wacker Burghausen in the Regionalliga, where he scored 9 goals in 23 games. This earned him a transfer to Darmstadt 98 in January 2022, where he signed a professional contract until 2025. He made his professional debut with Darmstadt as a 60th minute substitute in a 3–1 tie with 1. FC Nürnberg in the 2. Bundesliga on 9 April 2022, where he scored an own goal in extra time.
On 10 January 2023, Leipold was loaned by Würzburger Kickers.
On 13 July 2023, Darmstadt announced Leipold's transfer to SV Lafnitz in Austria.
On 12 July 2024, Leipold signed a contract with Czech First League club Pardubice.

## International career
### Philippines

In 2024, it was reported that Leipold was among the heritage players being recruited by the Philippines.
# Bernadette (singer)

Bernadette (born Bernadette Kraakman; 1 March 1959) is a Dutch singer, best known for her participation in the 1983 Eurovision Song Contest.
Bernadette was not a well-known name when she took part with two songs in the 1983 Dutch Eurovision selection, but she emerged the narrow victor (by just one point) with "Sing Me a Song", which despite the title was sung in Dutch. She went forward to the 28th Eurovision Song Contest, held in Munich on 23 April, where "Sing Me a Song" finished a solid seventh of the 20 entries.
Following her unsuccessful partnership with Ingrid Simons in the duo Double Trouble in 1986, Bernadette became a voiceover and backing singer, having worked with artists such as Harry Slinger and Rob de Nijs.
Bernadette was the voice of Snow White in the Dutch dubbing of Walt Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and the Blue Fairy in the Dutch version of Pinocchio.
# General (Lebanon and Syria)

General or Imad (Arabic: عماد) is a military rank used in Lebanon and Syria. It is the highest rank in Lebanon, held by the commander of the army, while it is immediately behind Colonel General and Field marshal in the Syrian Army.
# Tariq Mahmood (cricketer)

Tariq Mahmood (born 22 April 1985) is a Pakistani cricketer. He played in twenty first-class and eleven List A matches between 2001 and 2010. He made his Twenty20 debut on 27 April 2005, for Sialkot Stallions in the 2004–05 National Twenty20 Cup.
# Grand theft auto

Grand theft auto may refer to:
* Motor vehicle theft, a crime in virtually all jurisdictions of the world
* Grand Theft Auto, a video game series developed by Rockstar Games
** Grand Theft Auto (video game), the 1997 first video game in the series
** Grand Theft Auto Advance, also known simply as Grand Theft Auto, 2004
* Grand Theft Auto clone, a subgenre of open world action-adventure video games
* Grand Theft Auto (film), a 1977 film directed by Ron Howard
# Clendenin Historic District

Clendenin Historic District is a national historic district in Clendenin, Kanawha County, West Virginia. The district includes 38 contributing structures constructed between about 1890 and 1940. Many of the major downtown buildings are of brick and feature heavy cornices, brick corbelling, and vernacular builders facades.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
# Mary Taylor (etcher)

Mary Taylor (born 1948) is a New Zealand artist and children's author.

## Background

Mary Taylor was born in Devonport, Auckland in 1948. She was educated at the University of Auckland and Massey University.

## Career

Formerly a teacher, Taylor has worked as a professional artist since 1983. Taylor is known for etchings and paintings. She follows a traditional process in her etchings, involving nitric acid, zinc plate, a manual etching press, and hand colouring each work. Her paintings primarily use acrylic and oils. Taylor's works are grounded in realism and are predominantly of New Zealand's flora and fauna.
Taylor has exhibited with the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts and internationally, in New York and Beijing, as part of exhibitions of New Zealand art.
She is the author of Old Blue: The Rarest Bird in the World, winner of the AIM Children's Book Awards non-fiction award in 1994.
# Ben Cramer

Ben Cramer (born Bernardus Kramer; 17 February 1947) is a Dutch singer who represented the Netherlands in the 1973 Eurovision Song Contest.

## Music career
### Early years

Cramer was born in Amsterdam. He made his television debut in 1966 with his backing group the Spaklings, and was spotted by singer Annie de Reuver, who helped him obtain a record deal. In 1967, his first single, "Zai zai zai", became a hit, reaching No. 7 on the Dutch chart. The follow-up "Dans met mij" also peaked at No. 7, and he would have a string of successful records in the late 1960s and early 1970s. His most fondly-remembered record is "De Clown" from 1971.

## Eurovision Song Contest

In 1970, Cramer took part in the Dutch Eurovision selection with the song "Julia", which came fourth. He returned in 1973, this time singing all four songs, from which "De oude muzikant" ("The Old Musician") was chosen as the Dutch entry for the 18th Eurovision Song Contest, held on 7 April in Luxembourg City. "De oude muzikant" was seen as a rather old-fashioned song, and finished the evening in 14th place of 17 entries.
Cramer returned to Eurovision in 1981 with two songs, "Marianne" and "Retour", in the Dutch selection, but both finished well down the field.
Cramer was associated with the 1988 Contest providing radio commentary for Dutch listeners.

### Later career

Cramer continued to enjoy periodic chart success through the 1970s; his last charting single was "Alles is anders" in 1980. The 1980s were relatively quiet. In 1989, he starred as Juan Perón in the musical Evita, and went on to appear in many Dutch-language stage productions, such as Chicago and The Phantom of the Opera. He has since appeared in TV programmes such as the drama series Westenwind and the Dutch Celebrity Big Brother, and continues his stage career.
Cramer was one of the artists who recorded the song Shalom from Holland (written by Simon Hammelburg and Ron Klipstein) as a token of solidarity to the Israeli people, threatened by missiles from Iraq, during the first Gulf War in 1991.
In 2009, along with a number of other Dutch Eurovision veterans, Cramer was a special guest at that year's televised Eurovision selection.
# Susumu Yanase

Susumu Yanase (簗瀬 進, Yanase Susumu, born April 23, 1950) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature).

## Early life

Yanase is a native of Utsunomiya, Tochigi and a graduate of Tohoku University, before his election to the Tochigi Prefectural Assembly, he worked for the government of Tochigi Prefecture.

## Political career

Yanase was elected to the Tochigi Prefectural Assembly for the first time in 1984.
In 1990 he was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time, but then lost the seat in 1996.
In 1998 he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time, serving until 2010.
# List of Marathi films of 1948

A list of films produced by the Marathi language film industry based in Maharashtra in the year 1948.

## 1948 Releases

A list of Marathi films released in 1948.
| Year | Film | Director | Cast | Production | Notes |
| 1948 | Vande Mataram | Ram Narayan Gabale | | | |
| 1948 | Jeevacha Sakha | Raja Paranjpe | Baby Ambedkar, Saroj Borkar, Dhumal | Mangal Pictures | |
| 1948 | Moruchi Maushi | Pralhad Keshav Atre | | | |
| 1948 | Balidaan | Raja Paranjpe | | | Simultaneously made in Marathi and Hindi as Do Kaliyan |
| 1948 | Bhagya Rekha | Shantaram Athavale | Narayan Hari Apte | | |
| 1948 | Garibanche Rajya | Master Chhotu, Tunge S.V. | Master Vithal | | |
# John Frederick Holland

John Frederick Holland (October 27 1764 - December 17, 1845) was an army officer, surveyor and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented Charlottetown in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1803 to 1812.
He was born at Observation Cove (later Holland Cove), the son of Samuel Holland, while his father was surveying St. John's Island (later Prince Edward Island). He joined the Royal Navy in 1777 and, in 1779, joined the King's Royal Regiment of New York, reaching the rank of Lieutenant. After Holland left the army in 1783, he joined a survey team laying out settlements west of the Ottawa River and later worked on establishing the border between Quebec and New Brunswick. Holland married Mary Emily Tissable sometime before 1790. He became a lieutenant in Prince Edward's regiment and assisted in the construction of the citadel at Halifax.
After getting himself into trouble there, he was sent to Charlottetown, where he served as justice of the peace and high sheriff. By accusing the Loyal Electors, a political group, of being a seditious secret society, Holland succeeded in having James Bardin Palmer, one of the group's leading members, removed from his various appointments and was himself named adjutant general of militia. He was named to the Legislative Council in 1815. He was removed from the council in 1819 following allegations by Governor Charles Douglass Smith related to Holland's membership in the Masonic lodge in Charlottetown. Holland was unsuccessful in later attempts at re-election and was forced to sell much of his property after he was dropped from his post in the militia. He resigned as justice of the peace in 1841 and died in Charlottetown four years later. He was predeceased by his son Samuel John Holland (d. 1822) and wife (1831), but survived by his two other sons and daughters.
# 2003 Swiss Figure Skating Championships

The 2003 Swiss Figure Skating Championships (officially named German: Schweizermeisterschaften Elite Kunstlaufen und Eistanzen and French: Championnats Suisses Elite Patinage Artistique et Danse sur Glace) were held in Zug from December 20 through 21st, 2002. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

## Senior results
### Men

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Stéphane Lambiel | GENÈV | 1.5 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Raphaël Bohren | GENÈV | 3.5 | 3 | 2 |
| 3 | Oscar Peter | AROSA | 5.0 | 4 | 3 |
| 4 | Patrick Meier | WINTE | 5.0 | 2 | 4 |
| 5 | André Kilchenmann | THUN | 7.5 | 5 | 5 |

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Sarah Meier | BÜLAC | 1.5 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Kimena Brog-Meier | LUZER | 3.0 | 2 | 2 |
| 3 | Corinne Djoungong | GENÈV | 5.0 | 4 | 3 |
| 4 | Viviane Käser | ZÜ_OE | 5.5 | 3 | 4 |
| 5 | Fabiola Erbetta | BELLI | 7.5 | 5 | 5 |
| 6 | Cindy Carquillat | BERNE | 9.0 | 6 | 6 |
| 7 | Alissia Gerber | ST-IM | 11.5 | 9 | 7 |
| 8 | Cornelia Rast | ILLNA | 13.0 | 10 | 8 |
| 9 | Andréa Bolli | RORSC | 14.0 | 8 | 10 |
| 10 | Sarina Künzli | BERNE | 14.5 | 11 | 9 |
| 11 | Sylvia Moor | ILLNA | 14.5 | 7 | 11 |

## Junior results
### Men

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Moris Pfeifhofer | BÜLAC | 2.5 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | Marco Walker | ENGEL | 2.5 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Daniel Widmer | WINTE | 4.0 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Erland Moeckli | FRIBO | 6.0 | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Marcel Müller | HEURI | 7.5 | 5 | 5 |

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Sarah Aepli | HERIS | 2.5 | 3 | 1 |
| 2 | Bettina Heim | HERIS | 3.0 | 2 | 2 |
| 3 | Sarah Auberson | MORGE | 3.5 | 1 | 3 |
| 4 | Katarina Dim | ZÜ_OE | 7.0 | 6 | 4 |
| 5 | Sarah Widmer | CHAUX | 9.5 | 7 | 6 |
| 6 | Tamaki Bieri | ZÜ_OE | 10.5 | 5 | 8 |
| 7 | Nadia Bachmann | MOUTI | 11.0 | 4 | 9 |
| 8 | Bettina Klopfenstein | ZUG | 12.0 | 14 | 5 |
| 9 | Nicole Graf | UZWIL | 13.5 | 13 | 7 |
| 10 | Anita Bernasconi | BELLI | 14.0 | 8 | 10 |
| 11 | Elena Alvarez | ILLNA | 15.5 | 9 | 11 |
| 12 | Jöelle Müller | NEUCH | 17.0 | 10 | 12 |
| 13 | Sandrine Aeberli | MONTH | 19.0 | 12 | 13 |
| 14 | Sandy Calame | MONTH | 19.5 | 11 | 14 |
| 15 | Stefanie Olbort | HEURI | 23.0 | 16 | 15 |
| 16 | Léa Nobs | GENÈV | 24.5 | 17 | 16 |
| 17 | Simona Gargiulo | BELLI | 25.5 | 15 | 18 |
| 18 | Carlina Deflorin | BELMO | 26.0 | 18 | 17 |

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | SP | FS |
| 1 | Coralie Zielinski / Jean-Louis Lacaille | ZUGER | 1.5 | 1 | 1 |

### Ice dancing

| Rank | Name | Club | TFP | CD1 | CD2 | OD | FD |
| 1 | Daniela Keller / Fabian Keller | MITTE | 2.0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Leonie Krail / Marc Fausch | FRAUE | 4.8 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 3 | Nora von Bergen / Boris Räber | BERNE / ZÜRIC | 5.2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Andrea Müller / Sven Lang | FRAUE | 8.0 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
# Bill van Dijk

Willem Edsger "Bill" van Dijk (born 22 December 1947) is a Dutch singer and musical performer.
He is best known for his rendition of the Wilhelmus (the national anthem of the Netherlands), which he performed on countless occasions in football stadiums. Moreover, Van Dijk worked on various musical productions. In 1982, he represented the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest. His song, "Jij en ik", written by Dick Bakker (music), Liselore Gerritsen (lyrics) and Peter Schön (musical arrangement), failed to make an impression in Harrogate: it finished 16th with only 8 points.
He performed voices on Sesamstraat, the Dutch co-production of Sesame Street. Van Dijk did the voices of Roosevelt Franklin, Clementine, and many of the rock singers on the show (such as Little Chrissy and Bip Bipadotta). He was active on Sesamstraat until the early 1990s.
Van Dijk portrayed the title character in both the Dutch and Broadway productions of Cyrano: The Musical in the early 1990s. He also played one of the lead roles in the Dutch production of the musical HAIR in the early 1970s, performing in Amsterdam at The Desmet Theatre and touring throughout the country.
He also played Clopin in the Disney movie The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996 film) in the Dutch version.