OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Algeciras Gibraltar Railway Company

The Algeciras Gibraltar Railway Company was formed by British businessmen to build the Algeciras-Bobadilla railway line between Algeciras and Bobadilla, Antequera; the first section of track was laid on 1 September 1888. The first train was purchased from Beyer, Peacock & Company in Manchester. A first class return ticket from Gibraltar to Ronda was set at 17.10 pesetas.

## History

The railway was built for the benefit of British officers stationed in Gibraltar wanting to travel to Spain and the rest of Europe. To avoid offending Spanish sensitivities, the line was built concluding in Algeciras, a town in Spain on the opposite side of the Bay of Gibraltar, rather than at the Gibraltar border. Despite it having no direct connection to the European railway network at the time, a chapter was devoted to Gibraltar in the 1913 guidebook.
Hotels were also built by the company along the route, such as the Hotel Reina Cristina in Algeciras and the Hotel Reina Victoria in Ronda both designed by Thomas Edward Collcutt.
So impressed were the inhabitants of Algeciras that they named two streets after John Morrison (Scottish Engineer who worked on the project), "Juan Morrison" as he was known locally in Algeciras and "Alexander Henderson, who funded the project".
A 9 km extension from San Roque station to La Línea de la Concepción was laid in 1893 which was to form the San Roque-La Línea railway line, but this was stopped by the Spanish government. The tracks were eventually completed in the 1970s but no train has ever run on them.
# Derai Upazila

Derai is an upazila (sub-district) of the Sunamganj District in northeastern Bangladesh, part of the Sylhet Division.

## History

Derai was previously known as Babaganj Bazar. It was home to two influential Hindu residents; Jitarāma and Dvidarāma, who renamed the area to Derai Bazar. On 10 December 1892, the Assam Gazette notification #5954 recognised the name of the area as Derai. In 1938, the Nankar Rebellion started in Derai and surrounding areas. Derai was made a thana in 1942.
During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, a brawl took place in Derai between the Pakistan Army and Bengali freedom fighting forces. Among the freedom fighters here, Commander Ataur Rahman and Abdul Khaliq were wounded with Azimullah, Kuti Miah and Gopendra Das being killed.
Derai was heavily affected by the 1974 floods and that of 1988. The Jamiah Hafizia Hussainiya Madrasa was founded in 1978. In 1982, Derai thana was made an upazila. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was also very damaging to Derai.

## Demographics

Religions in Derai Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 74.54% | 74.54% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 25.44% | 25.44% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.02% | 0.02% |
According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Derai Upazila had 45,040 households and a population of 243,690. 71,432 (29.31%) were under 10 years of age. Derai had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 37.13%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 987 females per 1000 males. 36,183 (14.85%) lived in urban areas.
As of the 2001 Bangladesh census, Derai has a population of 202791; male 105252, female 97539; Muslim 144136, Hindu 58576, Christian 33 and others 46. Males constitute 51.38% of the population, and females 48.62%.

## Education

In 1991, Derai had an average literacy rate of 25.3% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. In 2011, Derai had a literacy rate of 37.13%.

## Administration

Derai thana was formed in 1942 and it was turned into an upazila in 1982.
Derai Upazila is divided into Derai Municipality and nine union parishads: Bhatipara Union, Charnarchar, Derai Sarmangal, Jagdal, Karimpur, Kulanj, Rafinagar, Rajanagar, and Taral. The union parishads are subdivided into 137 mauzas and 232 villages.
Derai Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 29 mahallas.

### Upazila Chairmen

List of chairmen :
| Number | Name | Notes |
| 01 | Nasir Uddin Chowdhury |
| 02 | Abdul Quddus |
| 03 | Muhammad Hafizur Rahman Taluqdar | 20/3/2014-9/5/2019 |
| 04 | Muhammad Manzur Alam Chowdhury | Present |

## Notable people

* Suranjit Sengupta, former Member of Parliament and minister, politician, lawyer
* Joya Sengupta, former Member of Parliament। politician
* Gulzar Ahmed Chowdhury, former Member of Parliament
* Kakon Bibi, Freedom fighter 1971
* Mifta Uddin Chowdhury Rumi, politician and justice
* Nasir Uddin Chowdhury, politician
* Nasum Ahmed, cricketer
* Shah Abdul Karim, folk minstrel
# Roundtop Hill (Maryland)

Roundtop Hill is a mountain in Washington County, Maryland, southwest of the town of Hancock. The elevation at the summit is 1,358 feet (410 m).

## Geography

Unlike surrounding mountains, Roundtop Hill is not part of an extended ridge system, and is only about 2 miles (3.2 km) in length. It is located just under 1 mile (1.6 km) from the crest of Tonoloway Ridge, about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Hancock. Its presence causes a large bend in the Potomac River, which curves around its eastern slope. Much of the eastern face is part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park and the canal bed and tow path pass along the narrow bank at its base.

## Geology

Outstanding outcrops of the Silurian Wills Creek Formation and underlying Bloomsburg Formation are exposed along the old railroad grade at Roundtop Hill. Examples of folding, formation of cleavage, thrust faulting, and the deformation of bedded rocks are visible. About 500 feet of strata are exposed.
# Bulldogs Stadium

Bulldogs Stadium is an American football stadium in Bowie, Maryland. The stadium opened in 1958, and serves at the home of the Bowie State University Bulldogs college football team. The stadium's capacity is 2,964. The school added turf and a new fieldhouse in 2015.
# Nuttallburg Coal Mining Complex and Town Historic District

The Nuttallburg Coal Mining Complex and Town Historic District is located near Winona, West Virginia in New River Gorge National Park and Preserve. The townsite is almost directly across from the Kay Moor mine and townsite, now abandoned. Like Kay Moor, the town is built around the railroad line at the bottom of the gorge, with an array of coke ovens and mining structures, as well as a bridge across the New River to South Nuttall.
Nuttallburg was closely associated with the Nuttallburg underground mine, a room and pillar mine that was sealed in 1958. The mine was established to develop the New River Coalfield in 1870 by John Nuttall, who correctly anticipated that the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad would be built through the New River Gorge. When the railroad arrived in 1873 Nuttall had built almost 100 houses, with 80 coke ovens, a variety of mine structures and a coal tipple on a railroad siding.
Flat land by the river was dedicated to railroad and industrial use, leaving houses to seek perches on the hillsides. The town was racially segregated with white workers on the west side of Short Creek and black workers on the east side and between the railroad and the river. Because development stretched along both banks of the river, a pedestrian suspension bridge was built across the river by the Roebling Bridge Company in 1899.
The mines in the area were acquired by the Fordson Coal Company in the 1920s as "captive mines" to supply coal to the Ford Motor Company's River Rouge plant in Dearborn, Michigan. Ford updated many of the mines' facilities at that time. However, Fordson sold the mine to the New River Coal Corporation in 1928, possibly because railroad regulations made coal transport to Michigan too difficult.
Most of the frame structures in Nuttallburg have succumbed to weather or have been salvaged for building materials. The National Park Service acquired the town, mining complex and surrounding area from the Nuttall Estate in 1998 and incorporated it into New River Gorge National River.
# Haydenville, Ohio

Haydenville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in southern Green Township, Hocking County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population of the CDP was 337.

## History

Haydenville was founded in 1852. The community was named for Peter Hayden, the original owner of the town site. A post office has been in operation at Haydenville since 1870.
Haydenville was the last entirely owned company town in Ohio. Hayden established the Haydenville Mining and Manufacturing Company in 1882. The company owned every house and both stores in town. Employees were paid in scrip that they could only spend at the company store. They could not live there unless they worked there, if employees lost their jobs they also lost their home. Other stores were not allowed to open up in town. Only in the early 1960s, after the company was purchased by National Fireproofing Company, were workers allowed to purchase their homes from the company.
In 1973, the community was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district under the name of "Haydenville Historic Town." Over 120 contributing properties were included in the historic district's 20 acres (8.1 ha).

## Geography

Haydenville lies along the Hocking River near U.S. Route 33, southeast of the city of Logan, the county seat of Hocking County. While most of the CDP is within Green Township, the community extends south into Starr Township. Its elevation is 705 feet (215 m), and it is located at 39°28′55″N 82°19′42″W﻿ / ﻿39.48194°N 82.32833°W﻿ / 39.48194; -82.32833 (39.4820130, -82.3282074). Although Haydenville is unincorporated, it has a post office, and a nearby cemetery. Its ZIP code is 43127.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Haydenville CDP has a total area of 0.88 square miles (2.28 km$^2$), of which 0.86 square miles (2.22 km$^2$) are land and 0.03 square miles (0.07 km$^2$), or 2.89%, are water.
# Poseidon School

Poseidon School was a private, coeducational secondary day school located in Los Angeles, California. It was certified by the California Department of Education but closed c.2011.

## Philosophy and Mission

The school specialized in "...meeting the needs of extremely gifted adolescents by providing an alternative program for students that need to be challenged."

## Notable Faculty and Alumni

* Jack Black - American actor, comedian, and musician
* Debbie Devine, co-founder of 24th Street Theatre, was director of the Drama Program in 2006
# Boulenophrys daweimontis

Boulenophrys daweimontis, the Mount Dawei horned toad, is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is only known from Mount Dawe) in Pingbian Miao Autonomous County, Yunnan, China, near the Vietnamese border. It is also likely to occur in the adjacent parts of Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Takhallus

In Persian, Turkic, Hindustani and Punjabi, the word takhallus (from Arabic تخلّص, lit. 'to get liberated or to become secure'; Persian: تخلّص, romanized: takhallos; Azerbaijani: təxəllüs; Uzbek: taxallus; Urdu: تخلّص, Hindi: तख़ल्लुस) means a pen name. Pen names were widely adopted by Persian, Turkic, Urdu and Punjabi poets.
The takhallus is often included in the maqta', the last couplet (bayt) of a ghazal.

## History

While ghazal originated in Arabia evolving from qasida, some of the common features of contemporary ghazal, such as including the takhallus in the maqta', the concept of matla', etc., did not exist in Arabic ghazal. It was Persian ghazal which added these features.

## Common takhalluses

List of takhalluses of some Persian poets:
* Suman
* Hafez
* Jami
* "Khamushn" (Rumi)
* 'Sadi
* "Ashfaq Attari" (Fani Badayuni)
List of takhalluses of some Urdu poets:
* Faiz – Faiz Ahmed Faiz
* Fani — Fani Badayuni, Shaukat Ali Khan
* Ghalib – Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan
* Hali – Altaf Hussain Hali, Altaf Hussain
* Jigar - Jigar Moradabadi, Sikander Ali Moradabadi
* Kaki - Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar
* Mir - Mir Taqi Mir, Mir Muhammad Taqi
* Zafar - Bahadur Shah Zafar, Bahadur Shah II
# American Legion Peak

American Legion Peak (13,211 ft (4,027 m)) is located in the northern Wind River Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Situated 1 mi (1.6 km) east of Bow Mountain and a couple miles west of Mount Helen, American Legion Peak is the 17th tallest peak in Wyoming. The small American Legion Glacier descends from the east slopes of the mountain and Henderson Peak lies to the south.

## Hazards

Encountering bears is a concern in the Wind River Range. There are other concerns as well, including bugs, wildfires, adverse snow conditions and nighttime cold temperatures.
Importantly, there have been notable incidents, including accidental deaths, due to falls from steep cliffs (a misstep could be fatal in this class 4/5 terrain) and due to falling rocks, over the years, including 1993, 2007 (involving an experienced NOLS leader), 2015 and 2018. Other incidents include a seriously injured backpacker being airlifted near SquareTop Mountain in 2005, and a fatal hiker incident (from an apparent accidental fall) in 2006 that involved state search and rescue. The U.S. Forest Service does not offer updated aggregated records on the official number of fatalities in the Wind River Range.
# Trico Mountain

Trico Mountain is a 6,640+ ft (2,020+ m) mountain summit located 10 mi (16 km) south of Stevens Pass on the common border of King County, Kittitas County and Chelan County in Washington state. "Trico" is a portmanteau of triple county. This peak is part of the Wenatchee Mountains, which are a subset of the Cascade Range, and is situated 20 mi (32 km) west of Leavenworth in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness. Trico is a triple divide peak with precipitation runoff from the mountain draining south into Cle Elum River, northwest into Deception Creek, and northeast into Leland Creek, which is a tributary of Icicle Creek. The scenic Tuck and Robin Lakes are set on the south slopes, between Trico and Granite Mountain, which is 1.6 mi (2.6 km) to the southeast. The Pacific Crest Trail skirts below the western aspect this peak as it crosses Deception Pass.

## Climate

Weather fronts originating in the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snow onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. The months of July through September offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing this peak.

## Geology

The Alpine Lakes Wilderness features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite walls spotted with over 700 mountain lakes. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.
The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted. In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.
During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured and shaped the landscape. The last glacial retreat in the Alpine Lakes area began about 14,000 years ago and was north of the Canada–US border by 10,000 years ago. The U-shaped cross section of the river valleys is a result of that recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area.
# Gujar Khan railway station

Gujar Khan Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: گوجرخان ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in middle of the Gujar Khan city, Rawalpindi District of Punjab, Pakistan. The station is staffed and has a booking office.

## Train routes

The routes are Gujar Khan from linked to Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Nowshera, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Attock, Bahawalpur, Nowshera, Rahim Yar Khan, Sargodha, Kotri, Jhelum, and Gujrat.

## Gallery

* View from platform 2
* Station tag
# Mahtabi

Mahtabi (Persian: مهتابي, also Romanized as Mahtābī) is a village in Aramu Rural District, in the Central District of Darreh Shahr County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 298, in 55 families. The village is populated by Lurs.
# Badka Dipali

Badka Dipali is a village and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,632 persons living in 508 individual households.
# Amphitheater Mountain (Wyoming)

Amphitheater Mountain is a prominent 11,042-foot-elevation (3,366-meter) mountain summit located in Park County, Wyoming, United States.

## Description

The peak is situated southwest of the town of Cooke City, Montana, at the northeast corner of Yellowstone National Park, two miles south of the park's Northeast Entrance Station. It is part of the Absaroka Range, and a portion of the mountain is within the North Absaroka Wilderness. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises over 3,600 feet (1,100 meters) above Silver Gate in two miles. Volcanoes of the early Eocene supplied the material that formed the mountain 50–55 million years ago, and here created some of the most rugged terrain in Yellowstone Park. The mountain's name has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Amphitheater Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool to warm summers. Temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −30 °F. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Lamar River.

## Gallery

* Amphitheater Mountain with snow from Silver Gate, Montana
* North aspect
* From the southwest with summit left of center
* from north
* subsidiary peaks on the south ridge
* west ridge
* Soda Butte and Amphitheater Mountain at sunset
# Fountain Bluff Township, Jackson County, Illinois

Fountain Bluff Township is one of sixteen townships in Jackson County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 204 and it contained 94 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Fountain Bluff Township has a total area of 31.13 square miles (80.63 km$^2$), of which 29.95 square miles (77.57 km$^2$) (or 96.21%) is land and 1.18 square miles (3.06 km$^2$) (or 3.79%) is water.

### Unincorporated towns

* Jacob at 37°44′42″N 89°32′13″W﻿ / ﻿37.745051°N 89.537042°W﻿ / 37.745051; -89.537042
* Neunert at 37°43′22″N 89°32′44″W﻿ / ﻿37.722829°N 89.545654°W﻿ / 37.722829; -89.545654
* Raddle at 37°46′44″N 89°35′12″W﻿ / ﻿37.778940°N 89.586766°W﻿ / 37.778940; -89.586766
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

### Adjacent townships

* Kinkaid Township (north)
* Levan Township (northeast)
* Sand Ridge Township (east)
* Grand Tower Township (southeast)
* Degognia Township (northwest)
* Gorham

### Cemeteries

The township contains Neunert Cemetery. Goodbread Cemetery. Boone Cemetery.

### Major highways

* Illinois Route 3

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 204 people, 65 households, and 45 families residing in the township. The population density was 6.55 inhabitants per square mile (2.53/km$^2$). There were 94 housing units at an average density of 3.02 per square mile (1.17/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 92.65% White, 1.96% African American, 0.98% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.98% from other races, and 3.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.92% of the population.
There were 65 households, out of which 44.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.23% were married couples living together, 0.00% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 30.77% were non-families. 30.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 30.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.73.
The township's age distribution consisted of 25.2% under the age of 18, 0.0% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 11.9% from 45 to 64, and 39.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 257.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 167.5 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $99,539, and the median income for a family was $98,224. Males had a median income of $52,112 versus $37,143 for females. The per capita income for the township was $53,124. None of the population were below the poverty line.

## School districts

* Murphysboro Community Unit School District 186
* Trico Community Unit School District 176

## Political districts

* Illinois' 12th congressional district
* State House District 115
* State Senate District 58
# Bloomington, Whitchurch-Stouffville

Bloomington is a hamlet in York Region, Ontario, Canada, in the town of Whitchurch-Stouffville. The hamlet is centred at the intersection of Ninth Line and Bloomington Road near the eastern boundary of the town of Whitchurch–Stouffville. Neighbouring communities within Whitchurch–Stouffville include Musselman Lake to the north, Lemonville to the west, and the community of urban Stouffville to the south. The hamlet of Goodwood in the town of Uxbridge lies to the east.

## History

The first settlers arrived in the early 19th century, and were largely Quakers, Mennonites and United Empire Loyalists who had left the United States. The first postmaster, Samuel Patterson, registered the name Bloomington in 1869, likely after the city of Bloomington, Illinois.
There are a few reminders of the old hamlet that remain:
* Bloomington Schoolhouse - located at 13681 Ninth Line was built in 1898 as School Section No. 10 (with addition from 1952) and closed before 1971 and is now a private residence.
* Bloomington Cove Care Community - located on Ninth Line south of Bloomington Side Road
* Bloomington Gospel Church - built in 1874 the church dates back to 1833 and earlier church building on the east side of the Ninth Line

## Economy

Bloomington is primarily agricultural area, however some land is being developed for housing and few commercial businesses.