# Pedro V of Portugal

Peter V (Portuguese: Pedro V Portuguese pronunciation:; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese: o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861 as well as a German prince of the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

## Early life and reign

As the eldest son of Queen Maria II and King Ferdinand II, Peter was a member of the House of Bragança. As heir apparent to the throne he was styled Prince Royal (Portuguese: Príncipe Real), and was also the 23rd Duke of Braganza (Duque de Bragança).
Peter was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during the cholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick.
Pedro V, along with his brothers Fernando and João and other royal family members, died of typhoid fever or cholera in 1861.

## Marriage

Peter married German Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, and Princess Josephine of Baden, by proxy in Berlin on 29 April 1858 and then in person in Lisbon on 18 May 1858.
Among the many wedding guests in Lisbon was Stephanie's brother Prince Karl Anton Joachim Zephyrinus Friedrich Meinrad von Hohenzollern, Commanding General of the VII Prussian Army Corps, accompanied by Major Reimar Constantin von Alvensleben.
It was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later from diphtheria. As Peter and Stephanie's marriage was childless, the Portuguese throne passed to his brother Luís.

## Titles, styles and honours
### Titles and styles

Pedro V's official styling as King of Portugal: By the Grace of God and by the Constitution of the Monarchy, Peter V, King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, South Africa, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.
As heir apparent to the Portuguese crown, Peter held the following titles:
* Duke of Braganza (23rd)
* Duke of Barcelos (18th)
* Duke of Guimarães (20th)
* Marquis of Vila Viçosa (22nd)
* Count of Ourém (24th)
* Count of Barcelos (24th)
* Count of Faria and Neiva (24th)
* Count of Arraiolos (26th)
* Count of Guimarães (21st)

### Honours
#### Domestic

* He was Grand Master of the following orders:
** Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ
** Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz
** Order of Saint James of the Sword
** Order of the Tower and Sword
** Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa

#### Foreign

* Austrian Empire: Grand Cross the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1854
* Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold, 9 July 1854
* Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Southern Cross, 1855
* Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order
* French Empire: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
* Hohenzollern: Cross of Honour of the Princely House Order of Hohenzollern, 1st Class
* Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
* Kingdom of Prussia: Knight of the Black Eagle
* Russian Empire:
** Knight of St. Andrew, 13 March 1856
** Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky, 13 March 1856
** Knight of the White Eagle, 13 March 1856
** Knight of St. Anna, 1st Class, 13 March 1856
* Kingdom of Sardinia:
** Knight of the Annunciation, 15 July 1855
** Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, 15 July 1855
* Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 1 August 1854
* Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1854
* Spain: Knight of the Golden Fleece, 13 November 1846
* Two Sicilies: Grand Cross of St. Ferdinand and Merit
* United Kingdom: Stranger Knight of the Garter, 24 June 1858

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Pedro V of Portugal :