OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mariam bint Ali bin Nasser Al Misnad

Mariam bint Ali bin Nasser Al Misnad is a Qatari politician. Previously, she had served as Minister of Social Development and Family from 19 October 2021 until 12 November 2024. Currently serving as the Minister of State for International Cooperation at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Qatar.

## Education

Al Misnad holds an Executive Master's Degree in Strategic Planning and Business Administration (2014) from HEC Paris.

## Career

In 2006, Al Misnad was a member of the Childhood Committee at the Supreme Council for Family Affairs.
In 2008, she worked as Executive Director of the Childhood Cultural Centre.
From 2011 until 2013, she was the head of the Media and Communication Department of the Social Rehabilitation Center "Al-Aween".
In 2013, Al Misnad served as the Regional Director of Communication and Awareness Campaigns at the Foundation “Education Above All”.
Between 2013 and 2021, she was the Executive Director of the Orphans Care Center "Dreama".
On 7 March 2021, Al Misnad was appointed as Executive Director of Administration and Finance Division at the Doha Institute.
Between 19 October 2021 and 12 November 2024, she had served as Minister of Social Development and Family.
On 13 June 2023, Al Misnad chaired the coordination meeting of Arab Ministers of Social Affairs for the Conference of States Parties to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities at the UN Headquarters in New York City.
Additionally served as the chairperson of the regulatory authority for charitable activities from 2021 until 2024.
On November 2024, Al-Misnad was appointed Minister of State for International Cooperation at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Currently the president of the advisory board of the center for conflict and humanitarian studies.

## Awards

* International Ambassador for Orphans by the Committee of Sanabil Award for Social Responsibility in 2019
* International Social Responsibility Excellence Award in 2021
# Tinkham Peak

Tinkham Peak is a double summit mountain located on the common boundary of King County and Kittitas County in Washington state.

## Description

Tinkham Peak is situated on the crest of the Cascade Range, on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. The east summit, elevation 5,395 feet, is regarded as Tinkham Peak by the USGS, but the west summit, one-quarter mile away, is slightly higher. Tinkham Peak is situated six miles south of Snoqualmie Pass, and neighbors include Silver Peak, one mile to the north-northwest, and Abiel Peak three-quarters mile to the west. Precipitation runoff from the north and east sides of the mountain drains to Keechelus Lake via Cold Creek and Roaring Creek, whereas the south side of the mountain drains to the North Fork Cedar River. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises 2,000 feet (610 meters) above the Cedar in approximately one mile. The Pacific Crest Trail traverses the flanks of the peak and provides access to the Northwest Ridge and Southeast Spur non-technical climbing routes.

## Etymology

This geographic landform was named by The Mountaineers and was officially adopted in 1916 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names to honor Lieutenant Abiel W. Tinkham. He worked as a railroad surveyor when he explored the Snoqualmie Pass area in 1853 and 1854. He is also the namesake of nearby Abiel Peak, and Tinkham Mountain in Glacier National Park, Montana.

## Climate

Tinkham Peak is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in avalanche danger. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. The months July through September offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing this peak.

## Gallery

* Northeast aspect of Tinkham seen from Mount Catherine
* Tinkham Peak (left), Mt. Rainier, Silver Peak seen from Red Mountain
* Tinkham Peak
* View from Tinkham Peak looking east-southeast. Cottonwood Lake (left), Mirror Lake (bottom), Lost Lake (right of center), Keechelus Lake (top).
* Tinkham Peak reflected in Mirror Lake
# David Flavell

David J. Flavell is a British academic research scientist who specializes in the development of antibody-based treatments for adults and children with various forms of leukaemia and lymphoma.

## Early life

Born in Southport, Lancashire, in 1953, he obtained his bachelor's degree in applied Biology from Liverpool in 1975, and his Ph.D. in cancer immunology from Sheffield in 1978. He has held posts at the University of Sheffield (1975–78), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (1978–79), The University of London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (1979–1983) and the University of Southampton Medical School (1984–2005). He became a member of The Royal Society of Pathologists in 1997, and later a Fellow of the same Royal Society in 2004.

## Career

With his wife Sopsamorn and two other couples, Flavell started a children's leukaemia research charity, Leukaemia Busters.
His research is concerned with the development of the next generation of genetically engineered immunotoxins.
# Hattertown, Connecticut

Hattertown is a village in the town of Newtown, Connecticut, United States that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Hattertown Historic District and includes a smaller local historic district.

## History

Hattertown takes its name from the hat-manufacturing trade around which the village grew in the early 19th century. "Hatting" was a major economic activity in western Connecticut in the 19th century, having started in Danbury in about 1780. Hats were made from felt formed from animal fur. As hat production increased, the manufacturing activity spread from Danbury to surrounding areas where the supply of fur-bearing animals such as muskrat, fox, and beaver had not yet been depleted.
A small village existed at the site of Hattertown before 1821, when the Taylor and Benedict families arrived there and began hat production. Hattertown was later to become one of the few places in the region where an entire village was directly involved in the hat trade. Hatting in the village was a cottage industry in which hat producers made rough-formed hats for sale to wholesalers in Danbury or "front shops" in New York City where they would be finished.
Hatting continued in Hattertown until at least 1856, but it was in decline by the 1840s as fur processing and hat forming were becoming increasingly mechanized and the local supply of fur-bearing animals was largely depleted.

## Historic district

The Hattertown Historic District is centered on the Hattertown Green, which dates from the late 19th century and is bound by Hattertown Road, Hi Barlow Road, Gregory Lane, and the intersections of Castle Meadow Road and Aunt Park Lane. The historic district is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and includes a local historic district subject to requirements administered by the Hattertown Historic District Commission. Eleven historic residences are contributing properties of the National Register historic district, ranging in age from c.1750 (Levi Taylor House) to c.1850 (52 Aunt Park Lane). There are also several secondary structures from the same time period, such as barns, sheds, and privies that contribute to the architectural significance of the area. A schoolhouse from c.1780, now the Gregory Orchard's District School, was originally on the green (corner of Aunt Park Lane and Hattertown Road) and was moved in 1975 to its present location adjacent to the Morgan House.
# Aseana City

Aseana City (also known as Aseana Business Park) is a 204-hectare (500-acre) mixed-use central business district development located in Parañaque, Metro Manila, Philippines. Owned and developed by D.M. Wenceslao & Associates (DMWAI) through Aseana Holdings, it is situated in the centermost portion of the Central Business Park (alongside PAGCOR's Entertainment City) between the SM business complex in the north and Asiaworld in the south within the Bay City area.

## Development

DMWAI was awarded by the Philippine Reclamation Authority to occupy the CBP I-B and C lots as the Aseana Business Park. The project began in 2008.
The development occupies 4-hectare (9.9-acre) Neo-Chinatown, Aseana 1 to 3 office buildings, Singapore School Manila, The King's School, Manila, Ayala Malls Manila Bay, Parqal Mall, and the Passport Center of the Department of Foreign Affairs. City of Dreams Manila, one of Entertainment City's integrated resort and casinos, is also situated within the development.
Other places located in Aseana City are the Aseana Power Station, Aseana Square, and the St. John Paul II Chapel.

## Controversy

In June 2013, Alphaland owner Roberto Ongpin received a court order from the Makati Regional Trial Court to deliver the 10-hectare (25-acre) marina project with Aseana, despite he refused to pay his dues. DMWAI, however, refused to sign the loan documents related to mortgage, which led to its cancellation of their joint-venture with Alphaland.

## Events

* On April 9, 2016, American rapper Kanye West headlined the Paradise International Music Festival (alongside Rudimental, Afrojack and Austin Mahone) at the Aseana Concert Grounds.

## Gallery

* Asean Avenue Bridge
* Redemptorist Bridge
* Welcome sign
* Bradco Avenue
* Aseana One
* Residences
* St. John Paul II Chapel
# Department of Youth Development

The Department of Youth Development (যুব উন্নয়ন অধিদপ্তর) is a government department of Bangladesh responsible for the development of the youth population. It is located in Motijheel, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Faruk Ahmed is its director general.

## History

The Department of Youth Development was established in 1978 by the government of Bangladesh under the Ministry of Youth Development (which was later renamed to Ministry of Youth and Sports). The ministry defines youth as anyone between 18 and 35. In April 2015, a draft of the Department of Youth Development published the national youth policy to generate feedback. The department provides training programs to youths across Bangladesh.
# Norwood, Rhode Island

Norwood is a neighborhood in the city of Warwick, Rhode Island. Norwood is bounded by Route 37, the Pawtuxet River, Elmwood Avenue, and Post Road. Such borders mark the area traditionally served by the fire station previously located at the current site of the Norwood Boys & Girls Club.
Norwood was established in 1874, when landscape architects and surveyors Niles B. Schubarth & Co. of Providence were hired by Nathan D. Pierce to lay out its streets. A rail station was built at the same time, connecting the neighborhood to Providence. In the 1880s, it was further connected when Elmwood Avenue was extended from Cranston across the Pawtuxet River to Post Road. Development began to pick up in the 1890s, when the Gorham Manufacturing Co. moved their operations to nearby Cranston.
The Norwood School, originally built soon after 1874, was replaced in 1893 by a new building, itself replaced with the current structure in 1968. The Norwood Public Library, now a branch of the Warwick Public Library, was built in 1923 at 328 Pawtuxet Avenue. The neighborhood is also home to a number of churches. The first, St. William's R. C. Church, was established in 1924 as a mission of St. Matthew's of Cranston. The original building stood at what is today 108 Perry Avenue. This building was torn down when a new one was built at 200 Pettaconsett Avenue in 1960. The other two churches in Norwood are the Norwood Baptist Church and the Rhode Island Central Korean Church. The local Boys and Girls Club is located in the neighborhood. In the center of Norwood is Norwood Field which contains a baseball diamond, a basketball court, a playground, and open lawns.
Post Road is the main thoroughfare through Norwood, and is commercially developed, as are parts of Elmwood Avenue. Both Elmwood and Post (as Broad Street) meet about 4.4 miles north of Norwood and continue on to downtown Providence.
The Norwood Neighborhood Association meets in the Norwood Boys and Girls Club.
# Pectocarya platycarpa

Pectocarya platycarpa is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common names broadfruit combseed and wide-toothed pectocarya. It is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, where it grows in many types of coastal and inland habitat, from mountains to desert. This is an annual herb producing a slender, rough-haired stem, generally upright to erect in form to a maximum height of 25 centimeters. The small, pointed linear leaves are alternately arranged, widely spaced along the stem. The inflorescence is a series of flowers, each on a curved pedicel. The flower has small green sepals and a tiny white corolla. The fruit is an array of four flattened, slightly curving nutlets lined with thin teeth.
# Temple Mountain Ski Area

Temple Mountain Ski Area was a downhill, or alpine, ski area that operated from 1938 until 2001 on Temple Mountain in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. During peak operation, the ski area featured a quad chairlift, a double chairlift, and multiple T-bars and rope tows. Like many other small ski areas in the country, it closed due to poor weather, rising costs, and changing recreational habits.
Its entrance was located on New Hampshire Route 101, straddling the border of the towns of Temple and Peterborough.
Originally begun as Temple Mountain Ski Forest in 1936, it was opened as a ski area with a rope tow in 1938 by Charles Beebe. Beebe installed the first platter lift in 1958 and a T-bar in 1965, but did not install snowmaking. Poor weather and competition led the Beebes to sell the area in 1984, which led to its first charilift and snowmaking. The 350-acre (1.4 km$^2$) site, of which about 60 acres (240,000 m$^2$) was used for the ski area, struggled under several owners and closed after the 2000–01 season.
John and Connie Kieley of Temple Highlands LLC purchased the ski area in 2003. The quad chairlift was sold to Nashoba Valley Ski Area in Massachusetts, while the double was sold to SkyTrans Manufacturing and was later used as a ride at the Milwaukee Zoo. In December 2007, the State of New Hampshire, with some federal funds, purchased the 352 acres (142 ha) for a reported $1 million, creating the Temple Mountain State Reservation.
# Lu Hsien-yi

Lu Hsien-yi (Chinese: 盧縣一; born 28 April 1968) is a Taiwanese physician and politician of Paiwan and Rukai descent. A member of the Kuomintang (KMT), he was elected to the Legislative Yuan in 2024.

## Early life and medical career

Lu's mother is of Paiwan descent, while his father is of Rukai ancestry. In the Rukai language, Lu is known by the name Sasuyu Ruljuwan. He was raised in Majia, Pingtung.
After graduating from Kaohsiung Medical College, Lu practiced medicine for nearly three decades in his native Pingtung County, including at the Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital [zh].

## Political career

In July 2023, Lu was nominated by the Kuomintang as a candidate for the 2024 legislative election representing the multi-member Highland Aborigine Constituency. He finished ahead of incumbent legislator Kung Wen-chi [zh] in the election, and took office as a member of the 11th Legislative Yuan on 1 February 2024. In April 2024, the Democratic Progressive Party accused the Kuomintang of rigging a legislative vote on pension reform, as Lu had not signed in, but had a vote registered in his name during the first round, then abstained from the following two rounds. Lu later confirmed that, at the time of all three votes, he was visiting China.
# Torreys Peak

Torreys Peak is a mountain in the Front Range region of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. It is one of 53 fourteeners in Colorado. Its nearest major city is Denver. Torreys Peak is located along the Continental Divide, as well as the division between Clear Creek County and Summit County. In the Arapaho language Torrey's Peak and the adjacent Gray's Peak are named, Heeniiyoowuu or "Ant Hills".

## Name

The first European to ascend Torreys Peak, botanist Charles C. Parry, named the peak for his botanist colleague John Torrey. Torrey actually did not see the peak until 1872, 11 years later (the year before his death at the age 76). It is nearly always mentioned in conjunction with nearby Grays Peak.

## Hiking

There are three main trails used to reach the summit. The first is actually a continuation of Grays Peak Trail to the summit of Grays Peak, which starts in Stevens Gulch. See the Grays Peak article for more information on accessing that trail.
A popular and challenging variation of this trail follows class-3 Kelso Ridge. This route splits from the Grays Peak trail 2 miles (3.2 km) from the trailhead, climbs to the 12,400-foot (3,800 m) saddle between Torreys and 13,164-foot (4,012 m) Kelso Mountain, then follows the rugged ridge about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the summit.
The third trail starts at Loveland Pass about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) to the northwest. To reach Loveland Pass, follow I-70 west from Denver 55 miles (89 km) to where US Route 6 breaks off and heads south. Follow the meandering Route 6 approximately seven miles to the trailhead at Loveland Pass, at an elevation of 11,990 feet (3,650 m). The steepest part of the trail actually begins right away with a half mile climb of 1,000 feet (300 m). The trail follows the Continental Divide gently taking the climber down into three saddles and up two more peaks, including Grizzly Peak at 13,427 feet (4,093 m) and Mount Sniktau at 13,234 feet (4,034 m). The final saddle rests at approximately 12,600 ft. From this saddle, it is a mile-long ascent of 1,800 feet (550 m) to the final summit.
Once at the summit, many opt to continue on to Grays Peak, 0.75 miles (1.21 km) away. The trail from Torreys Peak to Grays Peak dips down to a 13,707-foot (4,178 m) saddle and then climbs back up to 14,270 feet (4,350 m).
# Organisations unies pour l'indépendance

Organisations unies pour l'indépendance (OUI) is a non-governmental organization promoting Quebec sovereignty in the Canadian province of Quebec. The council was started in 2003 at the initiative of the province's Parti Québécois government. Before December 2014, it was known as the Conseil de la souveraineté du Québec (CSQ)
An earlier organization of the same name existed in 1995 and played a prominent role in the 1995 Quebec referendum on sovereignty.

## 1995 organization

The original council was established in May 1995, with former Parti Québécois cabinet minister Yves Duhaime as its first president and prominent Quebec nationalist Louise Laurin was its first vice-president. While it had only a small membership, it was regarded a serious force in influencing public opinion. During the buildup to the referendum, it ran full-page advertisements in English-language newspapers arguing that the government of Canada was wasting millions in taxpayer dollars by promoting Canadian federalism in Quebec.
Quebec's Parti Québécois government authorized payments to the council amounting to four million dollars in August and October 1995; this money was not subject to campaign finance limits, as it was all spent before the referendum campaign officially started. Duhaime argued that the money was well spent in countering Canadian federalist advertising. The council also raised and spent a further one million dollars in the same period.

## 2003 organization

The new council was launched in early 2003, at the urging of former Quebec premier Jacques Parizeau. It was designated with charitable tax status and was assured of regular financial support from both the Parti Québécois and Bloc Québécois; both parties also nominated one member to its eleven-member governing board. The new council's first leader was Gerald Larose, who continues to hold this position as of 2011. The council has urged the Parti Québécois to maintain an openly sovereigntist ideology.
In 2006, the council introduced a book, Parlons de souveraineté à l'école ("Let's talk about sovereignty at school") intended to be taught in classrooms for children of kindergarten age upwards. Premier Jean Charest dismissed the book as "exploit[ing] children for political ends," while Parti Québécois leader André Boisclair agreed that the book was not appropriate.
As of 2011, the council's governing board includes representatives of the Parti Québécois, the Bloc Québécois, and Québec solidaire.

## 2014 organisation

In December 2014, CSQ renamed to OUI (Organisations unies pour l'indépendance), aka OUI Québec, and adopted a major revision of their mission.
# Behram Khan (cricketer)

Behram Khan (born 31 December 1987) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who plays for Karachi Whites.
# Tina Nadine Smith

Tina Nadine Smith (born 12 June 2002) is an Australian tennis player. She has a career-high WTA ranking of 268 in singles, achieved on 16 December 2024. Smith has won one singles title and one doubles title as a professional on the ITF Circuit.

## Career

Smith made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2022 Adelaide International 2 where she partnered Annerly Poulos in the doubles competition.
She qualified for the 2024 WTA 125 Cali Open and reached the semifinals with wins over Aliona Bolsova, third seed Robin Montgomery and Leyre Romero Gormaz. Her run was ended in the last four by second seed and eventual champion Irina-Camelia Begu.

## Personal life

Smith lives in Meggen, Switzerland, and has dual Swiss-Australian citizenship.

## ITF Circuit finals
### Singles: 6 (1 title, 5 runner-ups)

* Legend
* W50 tournaments (0–1)
* W35 tournaments (0–2)
* W15 tournaments (1–2)
* Finals by surface
* Hard (0–2)
* Clay (1–2)
* Grass (0–1)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Sep 2019 | ITF Johannesburg, South Africa | W15 | Hard | Chanel Simmonds | 0–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Jul 2021 | ITF Cairo, Egypt | W15 | Clay | Leyre Romero Gormaz | 5–7, 6–7$^{(4)}$ |
| Win | 1–2 | Aug 2021 | ITF Cairo, Egypt | W15 | Clay | Diletta Cherubini | 6–0, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Jan 2024 | Pune Open, India | W50 | Hard | Moyuka Uchijima | 4–6, 0–6 |
| Loss | 1–4 | Mar 2024 | ITF Mildura, Australia | W35 | Grass | Maddison Inglis | 4–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 1–5 | Aug 2024 | Verbier Open, Switzerland | W35 | Clay | Lara Schmidt | 4–6, 5–7 |

### Doubles: 1 (title)

* Legend
* W15 tournaments (1–0)
* Finals by surface
* Clay (1–0)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Win | 1–0 | Oct 2019 | ITF Bogotá, Colombia | W15 | Clay | Alessandra Simone | Marcela Guimarães Bueno Sierra Stone | 6–4, 6–1 |
# Pine Hills Adventist Academy

Pine Hills Adventist Academy is a private Seventh-Day Adventist K-12 Christian school founded and established in 1941 in Auburn, California. It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.