# Timeline of Oslo

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Oslo, Norway.

## Prior to 1537

* 1000 - St. Clement's Church built (approximate date).
* 1050
** Oslo founded by Harald Hardrada (approximate date), according to Snorre's saga.
** Mariakirken built (approximate date).
* 1070 - Catholic diocese of Oslo established (approximate date).
* 1080 (approximate) Old Aker Church erected (still existing)
* 1153 - Oslo Cathedral School established.
* 1240 - Battle in Oslo 1240
* 1290s - Akershus Fortress construction begins (approximate date).
* 1299 - Norwegian capital relocated to Oslo from Bergen.
* 1308 - Akershus fortress withstands attack by Duke Erik Magnusson
* 1314 - Haakon V of Norway declared that the provost of St Mary's church should be chancellor of Norway for ever (was abolished in 1679).
* 1349 - Black Death plague.
* 1352 - St. Hallvard's Cathedral and the other Sogne Churches are burned to the ground in a major fire.

## After 1537

* 1537 - Reformation, Norway became a client kingdom under the Danish crown, most of the government administration moved to Copenhagen
* 1567 - city destroyed during Nordic Seven Years' War
* 1624 - 1624 Oslo fire [no]; settlement relocated to newly founded "Christiania," "Oslo" remained the name of a village outside the city
* 1639 - Holy Trinity Cathedral (Oslo) [no] built.
* 1641 - Gamle rådhus [no] (town hall) built.
* 1643 - Printing press in operation.
* 1654 - Vaterland Bridge built.
* 1686 - Fire ruins ¼ of the city.
* 1697 - Domkirken (church) built.
* 1716 - City occupied by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.
* 1769 - first census held and recorded 7469 inhabitants
* 1771 - The first public theatre is inaugurated.
* 1780 - Deichman Library founded.
** The Det Dramatiske Selskab is founded.

## 19th century

* 1811 - Royal Frederick University and Selskabet for Oslo Byes Vel (civic group) founded.
* 1814
** Christiania became capital in the new state of Norway
** University Botanical Garden (Oslo) established.
* 1815 Supreme Court of Norway established
* 1819
** Morgenbladet (newspaper) begins publication.
** Oslo Exchange established.
** Børshagen [no] (park) opens.
* 1827 - Nybrua (bridge) built.
** The Strömberg Theatre is inaugurated.
* 1829
** May: Battle of the Square.
** J.W. Cappelens Forlag (publisher) in business.
* 1836 - National Gallery built.
* 1837
** Christiania Theatre built.
** Andreas Tofte becomes mayor.
* 1838 - Christiania becomes a municipality.
* 1841 - Akers Mekaniske Verksted in business.
* 1844 - Toftes Gave (orphanage) established.
* 1848 - Christiania Bank established.
* 1849 - Royal Palace inaugurated.
* 1851
** "Cellular prison" begins operating.
** Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
* 1852
** Christiania Norwegian Theatre opens.
** Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
* 1854 - Eidsvoll-Christiania railroad, the "Main Line", begins operating.
* 1855 - Population: 31,715
* 1857 - Den norske Creditbank headquartered in city.
* 1858 - 14 April: 1858 Christiania fire.
* 1860 - Aftenposten newspaper begins publication.
* 1863 - Murder of Knut Grøte occurs.
* 1866
** District Court established.
** Storting building (for parliament) constructed.
* 1868 - Norwegian Trekking Association headquartered in city.
* 1869 - Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
* 1872
** Railway Drammen Line begins operating.
** West Station built.
** Aschehougs bokhandel [no] (bookshop) in business.
* 1875
** Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
** Commerce School established.
* 1876 - Christiania Technical Evening School [no] founded.
* 1878 - City expanded. Frogner, Majorstuen, Torshov, Kampen and Vålerenga are populated and rebuilt.
* 1879 -Husebyrennet ski race held first time
* 1881 - May: Wergeland monument unveiled in Eidsvolls plass.
* 1885
** 26 February: 1885 speed skating race at Frognerkilen takes place.
** Folkeakademiet [no] founded.
* 1892 - Holmenkollbakken (ski jump) built, Husebyrennet became Holmenkollen Ski Festival.
* 1894 - Electric tram begins operating.
* 1897 - Centralteatret opens.
* 1898 - Tram Holmenkollen Line begins operating.
* 1899 - Nationaltheateret (theatre) built.
* 1900 - Postage meter (machine) introduced.

## 20th century

* 1901 - Nobel Peace Prize ceremony begins.
* 1904 - Norwegian Nobel Institute established.
* 1905 - Haakon VII became first king of independent Norway
* 1907 - Norwegian School of Theology established.
* 1908 - Oslo Chamber of Commerce [no] established.
* 1910 - Population: 241,834.
* 1912 - Kjeller Airport begins operating.
* 1913 - Det Norske Teatret opened
* 1914 - 1914 Jubilee Exhibition held.
* 1916 - City Parks Department established.
* 1920 - Synagogue built.
* 1925 - City renamed "Oslo," the "Oslo" suburb renamed "Old Town" (Gamlebyen)
* 1926 - Ankerbrua (bridge) rebuilt.
* 1928
** Underground Oslo Metro begins operating.
** Ulvøybrua [no] (bridge) built.
* 1929
** Det Nye Teater opens.
** Eldorado Cinema (Oslo) in business.
* 1932 - Oslo breakfast introduced in schools.
* 1934
** Railway Sognsvann Line begins operating.
** Saga Kino [no] (cinema) opens.
* 1940 - 9 April: German occupation begins, King and cabinet escaped
* 1941
** September: Milk strike occurs.
** Bredtvet concentration camp in operation.
* 1942
** 25 September: Oslo Mosquito raid by British forces.
** 26 November: Norwegian Jews deported to Auschwitz from Oslo harbour
* 1943 - 19 December: 1943 Filipstad explosion.
* 1944 - Monolitten [no] (sculpture) unveiled in Frogner Park.
* 1945
** 8 May German capitulation
** 7 June King Haakon returned to Oslo and Allied occupation ended
* 1946
** Armed Forces Museum (Norway) established.
** Population: 417,238.
* 1948 - Aker becomes part of city.
* 1950 - Oslo City Hall completed after 19 years construction.
* 1952 - February: 1952 Winter Olympics held in Oslo.
* 1954 - Monolittrennet [no] (ski race) begins.
* 1959
** Peace Research Institute Oslo founded.
** Sagkrakken Bridge [no] built.
* 1963
** Club 7 active.
** Munch Museum opens.
* 1972 - Fiskevollen Bridge [no] built.
* 1973 - Oslo Airport location controversy.
* 1977 - Oslo Concert Hall opens.
* 1980
** Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies established.
** Oslo Central Station, Nationaltheatret Station, and Oslo Tunnel open.
* 1982 - Blitz (movement) begins.
* 1990
** Oslo Spektrum (arena) opens.
** Festningstunnelen opened
* 1992
** Oslo byarkiv [no] (city archives) established.
** Ann-Marit Sæbønes becomes mayor.
* 1993
** Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations ("Oslo Accords") take place in Oslo.
** Islamic Council Norway headquartered in city.
* 1994
** Oslo Courthouse built.
** Stenersen Museum opens.
* 1995
** Lodalsbruene [no] (bridge) built.
** Per Ditlev-Simonsen becomes mayor.
* 1998
** Rikshospitalet (hospital) opens.
** Railway Gardermoen Line begins operating.
* 2000 - City celebrates thousand-year jubilee.

## 21st century

* 2001 - January: Demonstration following Hermansen murder.
* 2002
** June: World Bank Oslo 2002 Protests.
** Population: 516,467 city; 783,829 metro.
* 2003
** Oslo Bysykkel (bikeshare) begins operating.
* 2004
** 22 August: Robbery takes place at the Munch Museum.
** Rabita-moskeen [no] (mosque) established.
* 2006 - Central Jamaat-e Ahl-e Sunnat (mosque) opens.
* 2007 - Fabian Stang becomes mayor.
* 2008 - Oslo Opera House opens.
* 2009 - Stian Berger Røsland becomes governing mayor.
* 2011
** FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011
** 22 July: 2011 Norway attacks, consisting of a bombing in Regjeringskvartalet, and a massacre on the nearby Utøya island, causing 77 deaths combined (67 from the massacre, 7 from the bombing, and 2 indirectly).
** Akrobaten [no] (bridge) and Nordenga Bridge [no] built.
* 2012 - 16 April: Breivik trial begins.
* 2014
** March: Bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics submitted.
** Future Library project organized.
** Population: 647,676 city; 942,084 metro.
* 2015
** September: 2015 Oslo municipal election [no] held.
** 22 July Information Center opens.
* 2018
** December: The city's urban area passed one million people for the first time.
* 2022
** June: A terrorist mass shooting occurs in Oslo, killing two and injuring 21.