OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Musa × paradisiaca

Musa × paradisiaca is a species as well as a cultivar, originating as the hybrid between Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana, cultivated and domesticated by human very early. Most cultivated bananas and plantains are polyploid cultivars either of this hybrid or of M. acuminata alone. Linnaeus originally used the name M. paradisiaca only for plantains or cooking bananas, but the modern usage includes hybrid cultivars used both for cooking and as dessert bananas. Linnaeus's name for dessert bananas, Musa sapientum, is thus a synonym of Musa × paradisiaca.

## Origin

Almost all cultivated plantains and many cultivated bananas are cultivars of the hybrid between two wild species, M. acuminata and M. balbisiana. It is believed that Southeast Asian farmers first domesticated M. acuminata. When the cultivated plants spread north-west into areas where M.balbisiana was native (see map), hybrids between the two species occurred and were then developed further into a wide range of cultivars.
Hundreds of cultivars of two species are known, possessing characteristics that are highly variable, but broadly intermediate between the ancestral species. They are typically 2–9 metres (7–30 ft) tall when mature. The above-ground part of the plant is a "false stem" or pseudostem, consisting of leaves and their fused bases. Each pseudostem can produce a single flowering stem. After fruiting, the pseudostem dies, but offshoots may develop from the base of the plant. Cultivars of banana are usually sterile, without seeds or viable pollen.

## Taxonomy

Banana plants were originally classified by Linnaeus into two species, which he called Musa paradisiaca for those used as cooking bananas (plantains), and M. sapientum for those used as dessert bananas. It was later discovered that both of his "species" were actually cultivated varieties of the hybrid between two wild species, M. acuminata and M. balbisiana, which is now called M. × paradisiaca L. The circumscription of the modern taxon M. × paradisiaca thus includes both the original M. paradisiaca and M. sapientum, the latter being reduced to a synonym of M. × paradisiaca.
In pre-Linnean times this banana was named 'Musa serapionis', for instance by Maria Sybilla Merian in her book, Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium, in 1705.
At one time, to deal with the great diversity of cultivated bananas and plantains, botanists created many other names which are now regarded as synonyms of M. × paradisiaca, such as M. corniculata Lour., used for a group of plantains with large fruit resembling the horns of a bull. Cultivated varieties are now given cultivar names, with the cultivars classified into groups and subgroups. Thus M. × paradisiaca is a species of banana as well as a cultivar. See list of banana cultivars for further information on the naming and classification of cultivars.
# Yudaonsen Station

Yudaonsen Station (湯田温泉駅, Yudaonsen-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Lines

Yudaonsen Station is served by the JR West Yamaguchi Line, and is located 10.3 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Shin-Yamaguchi. The limited express Super Oki and rapid sightseeing train SL Yamaguchi (steam train) also stop here.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform serving a single bi-directional track. The station building and sole entrance is located at the northeast end of the station. An automatic ticket machine is also located there. The station is unattended.

## History

Yudaonsen Station was opened on 20 February 1913 as Yuda Station (湯田駅). It was renamed 20 March 1961. With the privatization of the Japan National Railway (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the aegis of the West Japan railway Company (JR West).

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2020, the station was used by an average of 842 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

Although it calls itself Yuda "Onsen" station, the hot spring town of Yuda Onsen is about 400 meters along the prefectural road that extends north from the station. At the southern end of the hot spring town is the Nakahara Chuya Memorial Museum.
# Kita-Toda Station

Kita-Toda Station (北戸田駅, Kita-Toda-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Toda, Saitama, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Kita-Toda Station is served by the Saikyō Line which runs between Ōsaki in Tokyo and Ōmiya in Saitama Prefecture. Some trains continue northward to Kawagoe via the Kawagoe Line and southward to Shin-Kiba via the TWR Rinkai Line. The station is located 13.7 km north of Ikebukuro Station. The station identification colour is "orange".

## Station layout

The station consists of one elevated island platform serving two tracks, with the station building located underneath. The tracks of the Tōhoku Shinkansen also run adjacent to this station, on the west side. The station is staffed.

### Platforms

| 1 | JA Saikyō Line | for Akabane, Shinjuku, and Ōsaki R Rinkai Line for Shin-Kiba |
| 2 | JA Saikyō Line | for Musashi-Urawa, Ōmiya, and Kawagoe |
An arrangement of the Toda City song has been used as the departure melody for trains departing from the up platform (platform 1) since 1 August 2007.

## History

Kita-Toda Station opened on 30 September 1985.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 22,196 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
| Fiscal year | Daily average |
| 2000 | 14,125 |
| 2005 | 14,505 |
| 2010 | 16,583 |
| 2015 | 20,243 |

## Surrounding area

* National Route 298

### Schools

* Saitama Prefectural Nanryo High School
* Saitama Municipal Urawa Minami High School
* Saitama Municipal Tsuji Elementary School
* Toda Municipal Ashihara Elementary School
# Yanagi Station

Yanagi Station (柳駅, Yanagi-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in the city of Suzuka, Mie Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Kintetsu Railway.

## Lines

Yanagi Station is a station on the Suzuka Line, and is located 2.2 rail kilometers from the opposing terminus of the line at Ise-Wakamatsu Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of a single side platform served by a single track. There is no station building. The station is unattended.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Suzuka Line | For Ise-Wakamatsu For Hiratachō |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Suzuka Line |||||
| Ise-Wakamatsu | Express | Suzukashi |
| Ise-Wakamatsu | Local | Suzukashi |

## History

Yanagi Station opened on December 20, 1925 as a station on the Ise Railway’s Kambe Spur Line. The Ise Railway became the Sangu Express Electric Railway’s Ise-Kambe Line on September 15, 1936, and was renamed the Nagoya Line on December 7, 1938. After merging with Osaka Electric Kido on March 15, 1941, the line became the Kansai Express Railway's Nagoya Line. This line was merged with the Nankai Electric Railway on June 1, 1944 to form Kintetsu. It was renamed the Suzuka Line on April 8, 1963 The station has been unattended since October 1, 1994.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 183 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Japan National Route 23
# Heron Stakes

The Heron Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbreds. It is run at Sandown Park over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May.
The event was formerly held at Kempton Park. It was staged at Goodwood in 2005 and 2006, and transferred to Sandown Park in 2007.
The Heron Stakes is usually part of a fixture called the Brigadier Gerard Evening which also features the Brigadier Gerard Stakes and the Henry II Stakes. The Heron Stakes was held at a separate meeting a week before Brigadier Gerard Evening in 2021.

## Records

Leading jockey since 1978 (5 wins):
* Frankie Dettori – Lord Florey (1990), Proclamation (2005), Cogito (2012), Without Parole (2018), King of Comedy (2019)
Leading trainer since 1978 (10 wins):
* Sir Michael Stoute – Dalsaan (1980), Spark of Life (1981), Diaglyphard (1985), Neshad (1987), Magical Strike (1989), Among Men (1997), Kalaman (2003), Final Verse (2006), Tazahum (2011), Consort (2015)

## Winners since 1978

* ↑ The 2003 winner Kalaman was later exported to Hong Kong and renamed Oriental Magic
* ↑ The 2020 running was cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
# Nishi-Ōya Station

Nishi-Ōya Station (西大家駅, Nishi Ōya-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Sakado, Saitama, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tōbu Railway.

## Lines

Nishi-Ōya Station is served by the Tōbu Ogose Line, a 10.9 km single-track branchline running from Sakado to Ogose, and is located 4.4 km from Sakado. During the daytime, the station is served by four trains per hour in each direction.

## Station layout

The station consists of a single side platform serving one bi-directional track.
A universal access toilet was added during fiscal 2012.
* Wheelchair ramp providing access to the platform in July 2013
* A view of the single platform looking toward Sakado in February 2012
* Toilet facilities on the platform in July 2013

## History

The station opened on 28 February 1936. It took its name from the village of Ōya (大家村), and lay to the west of Ōya Station, which closed in 1945.
A junction, "Nishi-Ōya Junction", was built to the east of the station in 1963 for a spur serving the Nippon Cement factory nearby, but this line closed in 1984.
Platform edge sensors and TV monitors were installed in 2008 ahead of the start of driver-only operation on the Ogose Line from June 2008. From 17 March 2012, station numbering was introduced on the Tobu Ogose Line, with Nishi-Ōya Station becoming "TJ-42".

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 3,981 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

Nishi-Ōya Station lies close to the boundary between Sakado and Tsurugashima cities.
* Tokyo International University Sakado campus
* Saitama Prefectural Sakado Nishi High School

## Bus services

Nishi-Ōya Station is served by the "Sakacchi Bus" (Ōya Line) community bus service operated by the city of Sakado.
# Peter Winston (chess player)

Peter Jonathan Winston (March 18, 1958 – disappeared January 26, 1978) was an American chess player from New York City. He shared first prize in the 1974 U.S. Junior Chess Championship. Winston disappeared in mysterious circumstances in January 1978. His last published FIDE rating was 2220.

## Disappearance

In late 1977, Winston attended a FIDE-rated tournament at Hunter College High School in New York City. Despite being one of the highest-rated players in the tournament, Winston lost all nine of his games. A few months later, on January 26, 1978, following further surprising game losses, Peter Winston vanished and was never heard from again. According to some sources, Winston's disappearance occurred when he left his home without money, identification, or luggage during a severe winter storm. Many chess players who were close to or acquainted with Winston claim that the champion chess player's mental health had deteriorated, along with his game performance, in the last few years of his life, and that the decline in his mental health may have led to his disappearance.

## Notable games

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
In the following game, Winston decisively defeats six-time US Champion Walter Browne. Winston annotated the game in the October 1972 Chess Life & Review, pages 625–26.
    Winston vs. Browne, 1972 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.c4 e6 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4 g6 7.f4 Bg7 8.Bb5+ Nfd7 9.Bd3 0-0 10.Nf3 Na6 11.0-0 Rb8 12.Nd2 Bd4+ 13.Kh1 Nf6 14.Nf3 Ng4 15.Bxa6 Bxc3 16.bxc3 bxa6 17.c4 Re8 18.e5 Rb4 19.h3 Nh6 20.Qd3 a5 21.Ba3 Ra4 22.Qb3 Bd7 23.Rfe1 Nf5 24.g4 Nh4 25.Ng5 dxe5 26.Ne4 exf4 27.Nxc5 Rxa3 28.Qxa3 Qc7 29.Rxe8+ Bxe8 30.Re1 Bd7 31.Nxd7 Qxd7 32.Qe7 Qxe7 33.Rxe7 f3 34.Kg1 Kf8 35.Rxa7 f5 36.c5 f4 37.c6 1–0 Black resigned.
# Miss Universe Australia 2021

Miss Universe Australia 2021 was the 17th edition of the Miss Universe Australia pageant held on October 19, 2021 at Sofitel Melbourne on Collins, Melbourne, Victoria. Maria Thattil of Victoria crowned her successor Daria Varlamova of Victoria at the end of the event. Varlamova represented Australia at Miss Universe 2021, but was unplaced.

## Results

| Final results | Contestant |
| Miss Universe Australia 2021 | Victoria – Daria Varlamova |
| 1st Runner-Up | New South Wales – Mia Brooks |
| 2nd Runner-Up | Queensland – Jasmine Stringer |
| 3rd Runner-Up | Western Australia – Ally Draper |
| 4th Runner-Up | New South Wales – Tiana Meehan |
| Top 12 | New South Wales – Stephanie Steel New South Wales – Vakoo Kauapirura Queensland – Lily Goodare Victoria – Stacey Fleming Western Australia – Anastasia Puia Western Australia – Baylee Saltmarsh Western Australia – Tasha Mae Marciano |

### Special awards

| Award | Contestant |
| Miss Congeniality | New South Wales – Elissa Laforce Western Australia – Rutendo Chifamba |
| Social Ambassador | Queensland – Jasmine Stringer |

## Delegates

The delegates were as follows:
| State/Territory | Contestant | Age | Height | Hometown |
| New South Wales | Julia Newbery | 26 | | Sydney |
| New South Wales | Sarah Wilson | 21 | | Newcastle |
| New South Wales | Stephanie Steel | | | |
| New South Wales | Vakoo Kauapirura | | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | |
| New South Wales | Elissa Laforce | 23 | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Brussels |
| New South Wales | Tiana Meehan | | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | |
| New South Wales | Mia Brooks | | | |
| Queensland | Nina Evans | | | |
| Queensland | Jasmine Stringer | 24 | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Gold Coast |
| Queensland | Ella van Seters | | 1.74 m (5 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | Brisbane |
| Queensland | Karri Nicholas | | | |
| Queensland | Lily Goodare | | | |
| South Australia | Hannah Miller | | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | |
| South Australia | Cailea Shaw | | | |
| South Australia | Sabrina Uhlmann | | | |
| South Australia | Caitlin Bahr | | | |
| Victoria | Madi Krstevski | 21 | | |
| Victoria | Stacey Fleming | | | |
| Victoria | Emily Jane Ward | 23 | 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) | |
| Victoria | Jess Kernjak | 22 | | Melbourne |
| Victoria | Daria Varlamova | 26 | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) | Bryansk |
| Victoria | Hawra Khalil | | | |
| Western Australia | Anastasia Puia | | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | Bucharest |
| Western Australia | Ally Draper | 21 | | |
| Western Australia | Cody McPhail | | | |
| Western Australia | Josephine Volk | | | |
| Western Australia | Kya Pedrick | 25 | | Perth |
| Western Australia | Rutendo Chifamba | | | |
| Western Australia | Tiphany Katselas | | | |
| Western Australia | Tasha Mae Marciano | 25 | 1.74 m (5 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | Perth |
| Western Australia | Baylee Saltmarsh | 23 | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | Perth |
# Le Radeau de la Méduse (film)

Le Radeau de la Méduse (English: The Raft of the Medusa) is a French film by Iranian film director Iradj Azimi. It is based on the 1816 wreck of the French frigate Méduse, and the 1819 painting Le Radeau de la Méduse by Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault which depicts the event. Filming began in 1987, but was interrupted by Hurricane Hugo in September 1989, which delayed completion of the film until the following year. Distribution of film then languished for several years, until Azimi cut his wrist in front of officials of the French Ministry of Culture.

## Plot

1816. After the Battle of Waterloo, Louis XVIII is restored to the French throne. De Rochefort sets sail for Senegal on the frigate Méduse, captained by Captain Chaumareys, with the future governor of Senegal and his wife, Julien and Reine Schmaltz, on board. In no time, the atmosphere of the voyage is thick with hatred and mistrust. The tension mounts between the autocratic, incompetent Captain Chaumareys and Coudein, his lieutenant, until one fine day in June, despite Coudein's warnings, the Méduse is inexplicably wrecked.

## Cast

* Jean Yanne (Duroy de Chaumareys)
* Daniel Mesguich (Lt. Jean-Daniel Coudein)
* Alain Macé (Henri Savigny)
* Claude Jade (Reine-Renée Schmaltz)
* Philippe Laudenbach (Julien-Désiré Schmaltz)
* Michel Baumann (Alexandre Corréard)
* Victor Garrivier (Antoine Richefort)
* Laurent Terzieff (Théodore Géricault)
* Jean Desailly (La Tullaye)
* Rufus (Soldier Musician)
# Goten-yama Station

Goten-yama Station (御殿山駅, Goten-yama-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in the city of Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Keihan Electric Railway.

## Lines

Goten-yama Station is served by the Keihan Main Line, and is located 23.5 km from the starting point of the line at Yodoyabashi Station.

## Station layout

The station has two ground-level opposed side platforms connected by an unground passage.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Keihan Main Line | for Chushojima, Sanjo and Demachiyanagi |
| 2 | ■ Keihan Main Line | for Hirakatashi, Kyobashi, Yodoyabashi and Nakanoshima |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Keihan Railway Keihan Main Line |||||
| Rapid Limited Express for Demachiyanagi (快速特急): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express (特急): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Commuter Rapid Express for Nakanoshima (通勤快急): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Rapid Express (快速急行): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Midnight Express for Kuzuha (深夜急行): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Express (急行): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Hirakatashi | Commuter Sub Express for Yodoyabashi or Nakanoshima (通勤準急) | Makino |
| Hirakatashi | Sub Express (準急) | Makino |
| Hirakatashi | Semi-Express (区間急行) | Makino |
| Hirakatashi | Local (普通) | Makino |

## History

The station was opened on May 25, 1929.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 13,918 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Fukuda General Hospital
* Gotenyama Shrine
* Gotenyama Library
* Hirakata Nagisa High School
* Kansai University of Foreign Studies(Gotenyama Campus)
* Kinki College of Information Technology
# Kōzenji Station

Kōzenji Station (光善寺駅, Kōzenji-eki) is a passenger railway station in located in the city of Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Keihan Electric Railway.

## Lines

Kōzenji Station is served by the Keihan Main Line, and is located 19.1 km from the starting point of the line at Yodoyabashi Station.

## Station layout

The station has two ground-level opposed side platforms connected by an elevated station building.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Keihan Main Line | for Hirakatashi, Chushojima, Sanjo and Demachiyanagi |
| 2 | ■ Keihan Main Line | for Kyobashi, Yodoyabashi and Nakanoshima |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Keihan Railway Keihan Main Line |||||
| Kōrien | Local | Hirakata-kōen |
| Kōrien | Semi-express | Hirakata-kōen |
| Kōrien | Sub-express | Hirakata-kōen |
| Kōrien | Commuter Sub Express (only running for Yodoyabashi or Nakanoshima on weekday mornings) | Hirakata-kōen |
| Express: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Midnight Express (only running for Kuzuha): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Rapid Express: Does not stop at this station |||||
| Commuter Rapid Express (only running for Yodoyabashi or Nakanoshima on weekday mornings): Does not stop at this station |||||
| Limited Express: Does not stop at this station |||||

## History

The station was opened on 15 December 1910.

## Future plans

The facilities are expected to be moved to a new elevated station by 2028. Construction has been in progress since September 2022.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 21,799 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Kozenji Temple
* Hirakata Municipal Sada Junior High School Lifelong Learning Center
* Hirakata Municipal Library
* Yoshida Hospital (7 minutes walk)
# Furuichibashi Station

Furuichibashi Station (古市橋駅, Furuichibashi-eki) is a JR West Kabe Line station located in Furuichi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

## Station layout

Furuichibashi Station features two side platforms serving two tracks. The station building is next to the Hiroshima bound platform. There is no overpass; passengers must use a railway crossing to reach the other platform. A ticket office is available at this station during the daytime.

### Platforms

| 1 | Kabe Line | for Hiroshima |
| 2 | Kabe Line | for Kabe, Aki-Kameyama |

## History

* November 19, 1909: Furuichibashi Station opens
* April 1, 1987: Japanese National Railways is privatized, and Furuichibashi Station becomes a JR West station

## Surrounding Area

* Japan National Route 54
* Asaminami Ward Office
* Hiroshima Furuichi Post Office
* Hiroshima Municipal Furuichi Elementary School
* Hiroshima Municipal Ōmachi Elementary School
* Hiroshima Municipal Gion Kita High School
* Hiroshima Bank
* Iyo Bank
* Momiji Bank
* Hesaka Station, on the JR West Geibi Line
# Magical Thinking (American Horror Story)

"Magical Thinking" is the eleventh episode of the fourth season of the anthology television series American Horror Story, which premiered on January 7, 2015, on the cable network FX. It was written by Jennifer Salt and directed by Michael Goi.

## Plot

Stanley convinces an imprisoned Jimmy that the only way to pay for a lawyer is to sever one of his hands and sell it. He concocts a plan to smuggle Jimmy out of the prison using his Viking prostitute, who poses as an EMT. After Stanley puts him under, Jimmy awakens to find that both of his hands have been removed.
Dell visits him at the hospital and realizes Stanley double crossed Jimmy. The two make plans to buy the Freak Show from Elsa once she leaves for Hollywood. Bette and Dot set out to find someone to deflower them, when they come across traveling Salesman, Chester.
Chester dreams of performing his magic act in front of an audience, along with his Dummy named Marjorie. Chester also reveals that after fighting in Normandy, he had a metal plate implanted in his skull; which causes him to hallucinate that Marjorie is alive. Elsa agrees to let him perform, but only if he balances the books in return. After Chester asks for them to assist him in his magic act, Bette and Dot seduce Chester and sleep with him.
Dell reveals to Elsa what happened to Jimmy and Elsa pleads with him to get Jimmy out. Eve suggests teaming up to save Jimmy. As the cops are transporting Jimmy back to prison, Eve throws a brick through the windshield and she and Dell kill both officers, rescuing Jimmy in the process.
Dandy hires a private investigator to follow the Twins and soon learns of their transgression with Chester. He confronts Chester after Marjorie goes missing, revealing that he knows about Chester's past. A flashback reveals that Chester's wife, Lucy, had an affair with a woman named Alice, and he murdered them both in a jealous rage, but he believes that Marjorie committed the murders. Dandy tells Chester where Marjorie is, and once he finds her, she tells Chester that he needs to kill the Twins.
Maggie tells Elsa she needs to show her something, revealing Ma Petite's true fate. Desiree pulls a gun on Dell in his caravan, demanding to know who he has killed. Once Dell confesses his crime of killing Ma Petite, Elsa shoots him in the head from behind.

## Reception

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the episode has an approval rating of 85% based on 13 reviews. The critical consensus reads: "Neil Patrick Harris is a great guest star, but his turn in 'Magical Thinking' adds too hefty a storyline this late in the game."
# Lajpor

Lajpur is biggest village in Choryasi Taluka of Surat District located 20 km South of Surat on Surat-Navsari road Surat, India. Lajpor Central Prison, Surat is located here.

## Notable People

Mufti Sayyed Abur Rahim Lajpuri