OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mishima, Fukushima

Mishima (三島町, Mishima-machi) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2020, the town had an estimated population of 1,590 in 755 households, and a population density of 18 persons per square kilometre (47 per square mile). The total area of the town was 90.81 square kilometres (35.06 sq mi). In 2017, Mishima was selected as one of The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan.

## Geography

Mishima is located in the western portion of the Aizu region of Fukushima Prefecture. Most of the town is covered with forests. Traffic is concentrated along the Tadami River in the northern part of the town, and the main functions of the town such as government offices and hospitals are located in the Miyashita area. Miyashita Dam is located slightly upstream, and there is a hydroelectric power plant using the dam. The town has a number of hot springs.
* Mountains: Mount Takamori
* Rivers: Tadami River
* Lakes: Miyashita Dam

### Neighboring municipalities

Fukushima Prefecture
* Kaneyama
* Shōwa
* Yanaizu

### Climate

Mishima has a humid continental climate/oceanic climate (Köppen Dfb/Cfb) characterized by warm summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Mishima is 11.5 °C (52.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,477 mm (58.1 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.2 °C (77.4 °F), and lowest in January, at around −1.1 °C (30.0 °F).

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Mishima has declined steadily over the past 70 years.

## History

The area of present-day Mishima was part of ancient Mutsu Province and formed part of the holdings of Aizu Domain during the Edo period. After the Meiji Restoration, it was organized as part of Ōnuma District in Fukushima Prefecture. Mishima village was founded on July 1, 1955 through a merger of the villages of Miyashita and Nishikata. It was raised to town status on April 1, 1961.

## Economy

Hydroelectric power generation from numerous dams on the Tadami River is the primary source of revenue for the town, along with forestry and wood products.

## Education

Mishima has one public elementary school and one public junior high school operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school.
* Mishima Town Mishima Middle School
* Mishima Town Mishima Elementary School

## Transportation
### Railway

JR East – Tadami Line
* Aizu-Hinohara - Aizu-Nishikata - Aizu-Miyashita - Hayato

### Highway

* National Route 252
* National Route 400

## Local attractions

Mishima Sai-no-kami Festival, a National Intangible Cultural Property
# Asakawa, Fukushima

Asakawa (浅川町, Asakawa-machi) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2020, the town had an estimated population of 6,036 across 2,070 households, and a population density of 170 persons per km$^2$. The total area of the town was 37.43 square kilometres (14.45 sq mi).

## Geography

Asakawa is located in southern portion of Fukushima prefecture in the floodplain of the Abukuma River. Asakawa has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Asakawa is 11.6 °C (52.9 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,386 mm (54.6 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.9 °C (75.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 0.5 °C (32.9 °F).

### Neighboring municipalities

* Fukushima Prefecture
** Ishikawa
** Samegawa
** Shirakawa
** Tanagura

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Asakawa has declined over the past 40 years.

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kunimi has been in decline over the past 70 years.

## Climate

Asakawa has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Asakawa is 11.6 °C (52.9 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,386 mm (54.6 in) with September being the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.9 °C (75.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 0.5 °C (32.9 °F).

## History

The area of present-day Asakuwa was part of ancient Mutsu Province. The area was mostly tenryō territory under direct control of the Tokugawa Shogunate during the Edo period. After the Meiji Restoration, it was organized as part of Ishikawa District in the Nakadōri region of Iwaki Province. The village of Asakuwa was formed on April 1, 1889, with the creation of the modern municipalities system. It was raised to town status on August 1, 1935. The town expanded on October 1, 1950, by the annexation of the neighboring village of Yamashiraishi.

## Economy

The economy of Asakuwa is primarily based on agriculture.

## Education

Asakawa has three public elementary schools and one public junior high school operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school.
* Asakawa Middle School
* Asakawa Elementary School
* Asakawa Yamashiraishi Elementary School
* Asakawa Satoshiraishi Elementary School

## Transportation
### Railway

JR East – Suigun Line
* Iwaki-Asakawa - Satoshiraishi

### Highway

* National Route 118

## Local attractions

* Yoshida Tomizo Memorial Museum

## Noted people from Asakawa

* Tomizo Yoshida - pathologist
# Open Borders: the Science and Ethics of Immigration

Open Borders: the Science and Ethics of Immigration is a nonfiction graphic novel by Bryan Caplan and Zach Weinersmith. It was published in 2019 by First Second.

## Summary

The book presents economic and ethical arguments for open borders between countries in a graphic novel format. It suggests that the economic benefits of open borders outweigh the potential downsides. It also rebuts common arguments against immigration such as the economic impact on low-skill native workers and the cultural changes it causes.

## Reception

Publishers Weekly praised Caplan's expertise and Weinersmith's art and storytelling skill, saying that the combination made for a compelling argument. While National Review said that the book was "fun to read" and well-presented, they also pointed out that Caplan did not address some obvious counterarguments against open borders and oversimplified the issue. The book was also reviewed by Booklist and The Economist.
# Kanakanak, Dillingham

Kanakanak is a neighborhood within the city of Dillingham in the Dillingham Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located at 59°00′14″N 158°32′06″W﻿ / ﻿59.00389°N 158.53500°W﻿ / 59.00389; -158.53500, about 10 km (6 mi) southwest of downtown Dillingham. Kanakanak is the location of an Indian Health Service hospital operated by the Bristol Bay Area Health Corporation.
The name has been cited as the longest geographic palindrome. It is Yupik in origin and is said to mean "many noses," referring to the orphanage census that was located at the Kanakanak site after the 1918-1919 influenza epidemic.
# Torchitorio I of Cagliari

Orzocorre Torchitorio I (also spelled Orzocco and Torgodorio; died circa 1089) was the Judge of Cagliari (rex Sardiniae de loco Call.) from about 1058 to his death. At his time, the throne was customarily alternated between the Torchitorio de Ugunale and Lacon-Gunale families. Obviously, Torchitorio was of the former.
Torchitorio was judge at a time when Western monasticism was being introduced into Sardinia as part of the Gregorian reform of the Papacy. Cagliari, like the other giudicati, was placed under papal and Pisan authority. Torchitorio is thus one of the first judges of Cagliari about whom anything is known. He severely increased donations to the church and lent support to the monks of Monte Cassino who were arriving on the island to bring economic, technological, and religious renewal. Despite this, his attention to the church, the only portion of his policy handed down to us, has led to him being labelled "publicly useless" by certain historians. He was directed by Pope Gregory VII to force the clergy of the Archdiocese of Cagliari to shave their beards and attend to their churches, which the pope claimed were in neglect.
His wife was Vera and they succeeded in breaking tradition and passing the giudicato (judgeship) to their eldest son Constantine. Vera survived him and was alive in 1090. Their other sons were Peter, Sergius, Orzocorre, Gonario, and Torbeno. All died around 1125 except the last, who briefly usurped the throne from his brother, and was last heard of on 13 February 1130.
# Ōnishi Station

Ōnishi Station (大西駅, Ōnishi eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Imabari, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "Y43".

## Lines

Ōnishi Station is served by the JR Shikoku Yosan Line and is located 156.4 km from the beginning of the line at Takamatsu. Only Yosan Line local trains stop at the station and they only serve the sector between Iyo-Saijō and Matsuyama. Connections with other local or limited express trains are needed to travel further east or west along the line.

## Layout

The station, which is unstaffed, consists of a side platform and an island platform serving two tracks. A passing loop runs along the other side of the island platform. The station building is unstaffed and serves only as a waiting room. A footbridge on the outside of the station premises links to the island platform and to the street on the other side of the tracks, allowing passengers to access the station platforms from streets on either side of the tracks.

## Adjacent stations

| « | « | Service | » | » |
| Yosan Line |||||
| Namikata | Namikata | Local | Iyo-Kameoka | Iyo-Kameoka |

## History

Japanese Government Railways (JGR) opened the station on 1 December 1924 under the name of Iyo-Ōi (伊予大井). At that time it served as the terminus of the then Sanyo Line which had been extended westwards from Imabari. Iyo-Ōi became a through-station on 21 June 1925 when the line was further extended to Kikuma. On 1 October 1959, the station, now being operated by JGR's successor, Japanese National Railways (JNR), was renamed Ōnishi Station. With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Shikoku.

## Surrounding area

* Myōkensan Kofun is located 15 minutes on foot from the station.
* Imabari City Hall Onishi Branch (former Onishi Town Office)
* Imabari Municipal Onishi Elementary School
* Imabari Municipal Onishi Junior High School
# Wiltshire North and Bath (European Parliament constituency)

Wiltshire North and Bath was a United Kingdom European Parliament constituency, electing one member. As a result of a boundary reorganization, it came into being for the European Parliament election of 1994 and ceased to exist in 1999, when the United Kingdom abandoned the first-past-the-post system in single-member constituencies for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales.
Wiltshire North and Bath consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1983 boundaries) of Bath, Devizes, North Wiltshire, Swindon, Wansdyke, and Westbury. Its only Member of the European Parliament was Caroline Jackson.
The constituency came to an end in 1999, when the UK adopted a form of proportional representation within much larger regional constituencies, and Wiltshire North and Bath was merged into the new South West England European Parliament constituency.

## Members of the European Parliament

| Elected | Name | Party | Party |
| 1994 | Caroline Jackson | | Conservative |
| 1999 | Constituency abolished: see South West England | Constituency abolished: see South West England | Constituency abolished: see South West England |

## Election results

European Parliament election, 1994 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Caroline Jackson | 71,872 | 34.9 | |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mrs. Jeanie H.H. Matthew | 63,085 | 30.6 | |
| | Labour | Mrs. N.P.J. (June) Norris | 50,489 | 24.5 | |
| | Liberal | Paul J.P. Cullen | 6,760 | 3.3 | |
| | Green | Miller Davidson | 5,974 | 2.9 | |
| | UKIP | Timothy P.E. Hedges | 5,843 | 2.8 | |
| | Natural Law | David R.H. Cooke | 1,148 | 0.6 | |
| | Christian People's Party | Johnathan R.D. Day | 725 | 0.4 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 8,787 | 4.3 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 205,896 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) | Conservative win (new seat) |
# Wadden Sea National Park, Denmark

Wadden Sea National Park (Nationalpark Vadehavet) was designated a Danish national park on 17 January 2008, effective 2010. The Wadden Sea National Park is by far the largest of Denmark's national parks outside of Greenland and covers the Danish part of the Wadden Sea from Ho Bugt to the German border, and includes the islands of Fanø, Mandø and Rømø, as well as Skallingen, the Varde Å valley, and many of the marshlands of Tjæreborgmarsken, Ribemarsken, Margrethekogen and De Ydre Diger in Tøndermarsken.
The Wadden Sea is internationally known as a resting place for millions of migratory birds, and more than 10 million of them pass through the Wadden Sea twice a year. Large flocks of European starlings can be found which fly in formations known as the sort sol. The Wadden Sea also has large numbers of breeding birds, fish, and invertebrates such as starfish and blue mussels. It provides habitat for more than 500 species of plants and animals. Because of its unique biodiversity and intact intertidal ecosystem, since 2014 it has constituted the Danish part of the Wadden Sea World Heritage Site. Prince Joachim of Denmark is Patron of the Wadden Sea Centre.
97% of the national park is part of Natura 2000, divided into several areas: a bird sanctuary, a wildlife sanctuary, and Ramsar wetlands of international importance. The areas comprise biomes like the low-lying flat coast, tidal channels, tidal flats, stream mouths, beach meadows, sandplains and dunes.

## Motivation

The official motivation behind Wadden Sea National Park (Denmark) was to strengthen:
* Nature protection
* Cultural history
* Outdoor activities
* Education and research
* International cooperation
# Howard Pollock

Howard Wallace Pollock (April 11, 1920 – January 9, 2011) was an American politician and Republican Representative from Alaska.

## Biography

Pollock was born in Chicago to Olga (née Deblanc) and Oscar Tobias Pollock, and grew up in New Orleans. He went to high school in Perkinston, Mississippi and graduated from Perkinston Junior College. He enlisted as a seaman in the United States Navy in 1941 and retired with rank of lieutenant commander in 1946. During his service in World War II, he lost his right forearm to a grenade accident while training in the South Pacific in 1944.
He studied law at Santa Clara University School of Law and at the University of Houston, and then did some post-graduate studies at MIT, from which he earned a M.S. in industrial management. He was a practicing attorney.
Pollock served in the Alaska Territorial Legislature from 1953 to 1955. He later served in the Alaska Senate from 1961 to 1963 and 1965–1966; and was elected as a Republican to the Ninetieth and Ninety-first Congresses (January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1971), being the first Republican elected to Congress from Alaska. He was not a candidate for reelection in 1970 to the Ninety-second Congress, but rather was an unsuccessful candidate for Republican nomination for Governor of Alaska. Pollock was also a past president of the National Rifle Association of America.
From 1998 until his death in January 2011, Pollock was a resident of Arlington, Virginia.

## Electoral history

Alaska's at-large congressional district: Results 1966–1968 :
| Year | Republican | Votes | Pct | Democrat | Votes | Pct |
| 1966 | Howard W. Pollock | 34,040 | 51.6% | Ralph J. Rivers (inc.) | 31,867 | 48.4% |
| 1968 | Howard W. Pollock (inc.) | 43,577 | 54.2% | N. J. Begich | 36,785 | 45.8% |
# Mod perl

mod_perl is an optional module for the Apache HTTP server. It embeds a Perl interpreter into the Apache server. In addition to allowing Apache modules to be written in the Perl programming language, it allows the Apache web server to be dynamically configured by Perl programs. However, its most common use is so that dynamic content produced by Perl scripts can be served in response to incoming requests, without the significant overhead of re-launching the Perl interpreter for each request.
Slash, which runs the web site Slashdot, is written using mod_perl. Early versions of PHP were implemented in Perl using mod_perl.
mod_perl can emulate a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) environment, so that existing Perl CGI scripts can benefit from the performance boost without having to be re-written.
Unlike CGI (and most other web application environments), mod_perl provides complete access to the Apache API, allowing programmers to write handlers for all phases in the Apache request cycle, manipulate Apache's internal tables and state mechanisms, share data between Apache processes or threads, alter or extend the Apache configuration file parser, and add Perl code to the configuration file itself, among other things.
# University of the Punjab, Jhelum

The University of the Punjab, Jhelum Campus (UoPJC), also referred to as the Punjab University, Jhelum Campus (PUJC), is a sub-campus of the University of the Punjab located in Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. It was established in 2012 and the campus is recognized by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.

## Departments

* Department of Administrative Sciences
* Department of Business Administration
* Department of Commerce
* Department of Information Technology
* Department of Law
# Bellerophon (genus)

Bellerophon is a genus of extinct marine molluscs of uncertain position (Gastropoda or Monoplacophora) in the family Bellerophontidae.
The genus was named after Bellerophon, the ancient Greek hero.
Bellerophon is the type genus of the family Bellerophontidae.

## Shell description

The genus is characterised by a shell which is globose, convolute, and planispiral (symmetrically coiled). The shell of Bellerophon superficially resembles that of a miniature cephalopod (e.g. Nautilus or an ammonite), except that septa are lacking.
The shell of Bellerophon is often a couple of centimeters in maximum dimension. The external surface is smooth, ornamented only by growth lines. There is a low crest or ridge running along the midline of the shell.
Many specimens of Bellerophon show something resembling a "waterline" about halfway up the shell, suggesting that a large amount of the mantle and foot were exposed and covered the outside of the shell, as in the extant Cypraeidae and Naticidae.

## Possible life habits

These animals were probably quick moving (for gastropods), relying on speed to avoid predators and, when this was not possible, withdrawing deeply into the shell.

## Range of distribution

The genus occurs worldwide, and is known from the Silurian to the Early Triassic periods.

## Taxonomy

Although usually classified as a primitive gastropod, there is a minority view that the Bellerophontida actually represented a more primitive, untorted type of mollusk, (see Torsion) which evolved a spiral shell independently. Another view is that some Bellerophontids, including Bellerophon, were torted gastropods, but that others were untorted forms.

## Species

Species within the genus Bellerophon include:
subgenus Bellerophon
* Bellerophon needlensis - from Late Mississippian from Utah
* Bellerophon welshi - from Late Mississippian from Utah
subgenus ?
* Bellerophon bicarenus Lévillé from early Carboniferous
* Bellerophon graphicus Moore from the late Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) of Kansas
* Bellerophon regularis (Waagen) from the Permian of India
* Bellerophon vasulites Montfort - the type species, from the Middle Devonian of Germany
* and others
# Bouzou

Bouzou is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Joël Bouzou (born 1955), French athlete
* Nicolas Bouzou (born 1976), French economist and essayist
# 143

143 may refer to:
* 143 (number), a natural number
* AD 143, a year of the 2nd century AD
* 143 BC, a year of the 2nd century BC
* 143 (West Midlands) Brigade, UK Infantry unit
* KiYa 143, a locomotive type
* 143 Adria, a main-belt asteroid

## Film

* 143 (2004 film), an Indian Telugu film
* 143 (2022 film), an Indian Marathi film

## Music

* 143 Records, record label of producer David Foster
* 143 (Bars and Melody album), 2015
* 143 (Katy Perry album), 2024
* 143 (EP), a 2013 EP by Tiffany Evans
* "1-4-3 (I Love You)", a 2013 song by Henry Lau from the EP Trap
# Yamanobe, Yamagata

Yamanobe (山辺町, Yamanobe-machi) is a town located in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2020, the town had an estimated population of 14,174 in 4839 households, and a population density of 230 persons per km$^2$. The total area of the town is 61.36 square kilometres (24 sq mi).

## Geography

Yamanobe is located in the southeast end of the Yamagata Basin in central Yamagata Prefecture, surrounded by mountains. Mount Shirataka is partially within the borders of the town.

### Neighboring municipalities

* Yamagata Prefecture
** Asahi
** Nakayama
** Nan'yō
** Ōe
** Shirataka
** Yamagata

### Climate

Yamanobe has a Humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from August to October. The average annual temperature in Yamanobe is 10.1 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1546 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around -2.6 °C.

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Yamanobe peaked around the year 2000 and has declined since.

## History

The area of present-day Yamanobe was part of ancient Dewa Province. After the start of the Meiji period, the area became part of Higashimurayama District, Yamagata Prefecture. The village of Yamanobe was established on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. It was elevated to town status in 1896.

## Economy

The economy of Yamanobe is based on agriculture.

## Education

Yamanobe has three public elementary schools and two public middle schools operated by the town government, and one public high school operated by the Yamagata Prefectural Board of Education.

## Transportation
### Railway

East Japan Railway Company - Aterazawa Line
* Uzen-Yamabe

### Highway

* Tōhoku Chūō Expressway: Yamagata Chūō interchange
* National Route 485

## Local attractions

* Site of Yamanobe Castle

## Noted people from Yamanobe

* Mineichirō Adachi, diplomat and legal scholar
# Ueda Station (Fukushima)

Ueda Station (植田駅, Ueda eki) is a railway station on the Joban Line in the city of Iwaki, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Ueda Station is served by the Jōban Line, and is located 187.8 km from the official starting point of the line at Nippori.

## Station layout

Ueda Station has two opposed side platforms connected to the station building by a footbridge. The station is staffed.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Joban Line | for Takahagi, Hitachi, Katsuta, Mito, Tomobe, Ishioka and Tsuchiura |
| 2 | ■ Jōban Line | for Iwaki, Hirono, Tomioka, Namie and Haranomachi |

## History

Ueda Station was opened on 25 February 1897. The station was absorbed into the JR East network upon the privatization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2018, the station was used by an average of 1852 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Ueki Post Office
* National Route 6