OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Chase (New York politician)

Samuel Chase (1789—August 3, 1838) was an American lawyer from Otsego County, New York. He represented New York in the U.S. House for one term.

## Biography

Chase was born in Cooperstown, New York in 1789. He was educated locally, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1815. In 1818, he studied at the Litchfield Law School.
In addition to practicing law in Richfield, Chase was active in other business ventures; he was part-owner of a hotel and tavern, and was one of the original incorporators of the Otsego County Bank. He held various positions in local and county government, including postmaster of Richfield and the judicial position of Master in Chancery. From 1821 to 1829 he was District Attorney of Otsego County.
In 1826, Chase was elected to the 20th Congress as a supporter of John Quincy Adams. He served one term, 1827 to 1829, after which he returned to his Otsego County law practice.

## Death and burial

Chase died in Richfield on August 3, 1838, and was buried at Lakeview Cemetery in Richfield. Chase's grave marker indicates that he died in 1839; this is clearly in error, since contemporary newspaper accounts and the probate process for his estate give his year of death as 1838.

## Family

In 1828, Chase married in Washington, DC Mary Frances Whetcroft, the daughter of William Whetcroft and Anne Winchester Whetcroft of Annapolis, Maryland. After Chase's death, Mary Whetcroft married Philetus Allen of Springville.
Chase's children included Frank Chase (September 18, 1838—January 14, 1902), who was born the month following Chase's death. Frank Chase was a graduate of Albany Law School, and resided in Concord and Springville. In addition to practicing law, he was involved in local politics and government, including service as Springville's town supervisor and a justice of the peace.
# John B. Steele

John Benedict Steele (March 28, 1814 – September 24, 1866) was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as a U.S. Representative from New York during the American Civil War.

## Biography

Born in Delhi, New York, Steele attended Delaware Academy at Delhi and attended Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts, but left before graduating to study law in Delhi with Amasa Parker and Amasa J. Parker.
He completed his studied with Abraham Becker of Worcester, New York, was admitted to the bar of Otsego County in 1839 and commenced practice in Oneonta, New York.
He served as district attorney of Otsego County from 1841 until he moved to Kingston in 1847. In Kingston, he formed a partnership with General George H. Sharpe.

### Congress

Steele was elected special judge of Ulster County in 1850 and in 1860 as a Democrat. He was then reelected to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses serving from (March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1865).
He served on committees on the District of Columbia, Revolutionary Pensions and the Pacific Railroad. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1864 to the Thirty-ninth Congress.

### Death

He was again a candidate for the nomination in 1866, but died on the eve of the primary, when he died in an accident in Rondout, near Kingston, New York, on September 24, 1866. While descending Hone Street, his horse was startled, crashing his carriage against an awning post, against which Steele was thrown before falling to the ground. He suffered a cracked skull, broken ribs and other internal injuries and died later that day. He was interred in Wiltwyck Cemetery, Kingston, New York.
# Bernard Rebel

Bernard Rebel (6 October 1901, Poland – 30 September 1964, London, England) was a Polish-born British actor. His work included the role of Wormtongue in the 1955-56 BBC radio series The Lord of the Rings.

## Selected filmography

* Crook's Tour (1942) - Klacken
* The Big Blockade (1942) - Quisling
* Anna Karenina (1948) - Prof. Leverrin (uncredited)
* The Bad Lord Byron (1949) - Dr. Bruno
* Chance of a Lifetime (1950) - Xenobian
* Song of Paris (1952) - Lebrun
* Top Secret (1952) - Trubiev
* Moulin Rouge (1952) - Playwright (uncredited)
* The Captain's Paradise (1953) - Mr. Wheeler
* Wheel of Fate (1953)
* Laughing Anne (1953) - Pianist
* Twist of Fate (1954) - Engraver
* The Young Lovers (1954) - Stefan
* Colonel March of Scotland Yard (1954)
* Little Red Monkey (1955) - Vinson - Spy Henchman
* 1984 (1956) - Kalador (uncredited)
* It's a Wonderful World (1956) - Frenchman
* Orders to Kill (1958) - (uncredited)
* Mark of the Phoenix (1958) - Vachek
* The Rebel (1961) - Art Dealer
* The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb (1964) - Prof. Eugene Dubois (uncredited)
# Ira W. Bird

Ira Washington Bird (March 17, 1819 – March 11, 1899) was an American politician.
Bird was born in Oneida County, New York. He moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and worked as a clerk for Solomon Juneau in his store. He then moved to Madison in Wisconsin Territory in 1838. He served in the Wisconsin Assembly from Madison, Wisconsin, in 1849 and was a Whig. From 1845 to 1846 he served as sheriff of Dane County, Wisconsin, and in 1847 he served as Dane County Register of Deeds. He went to California in 1850 and returned to Wisconsin in 1852. Bird moved to Jefferson, Wisconsin in 1854. He served on the Jefferson County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors and as town clerk. Bird practiced law. He was also a Democrat. Bird served as the first mayor of Jefferson, Wisconsin and as county judge of Jefferson County, Wisconsin. He died in Jefferson, Wisconsin from a long illness. His brother was Augustus A. Bird who also served in the Wisconsin Legislature.
# Walter Van Wiggeren

Walter M. Van Wiggeren (November 12, 1887 – September 29, 1968) was an American engineer and politician from New York.

## Life

He was born on November 12, 1887, in Yorkville, Oneida County, New York, the son of Walter Jelle Van Wiggeren (1856–1917) and Dieuwke (Zijlstra) Van Wiggeren (born 1862), both Dutch emigrants from Frisia. In 1900, the family removed to Ilion, in Herkimer County, where Walter Van Wiggeren Sr. worked for Remington Arms. Walter Jr. attended the public schools. He became a draftsman, and later a mechanical engineer, and designed tools and machinery for Remington Arms. On September 2, 1913, he married Gladys Bradbury (1886–1974).
He was Mayor of Ilion for two years, Clerk of Herkimer County from 1928 to 1949, and a delegate to the 1944 Republican National Convention.
Van Wiggeren was elected on February 8, 1949, to the New York State Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment of Fred A. Young to the New York Court of Claims. Van Wiggeren remained in the State Senate until 1964, sitting in the 167th, 168th, 169th, 170th, 171st, 172nd, 173rd and 174th New York State Legislatures. In June 1964, he ran for re-nomination in the Republican primary, but was defeated by Dalwin J. Niles. In November 1964, he ran for re-election on the Conservative ticket, but was defeated again.
He died on September 29, 1968, in Mohawk Valley General Hospital in Ilion, New York; and was buried at the Armory Hill Cemetery there.
# William R. Williams

William Robert Williams (August 11, 1884 – May 9, 1972) was an American politician from New York.

## Life

He was born on August 11, 1884, in Brookfield, New York. He moved to Cassville in 1891. He was a salesman with Standard Oil from 1907 to 1910.
Williams was a member of the New York State Assembly (Oneida Co., 2nd D.) in 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939–40, 1941–42 and 1943.
He was Sheriff of Oneida County, New York from 1944 to 1951. He was elected as a Republican to the 82nd, 83rd, 84th and 85th United States Congresses, holding office from January 3, 1951, to January 3, 1959. He was chairman of the Oneida County Republican Committee from 1959 to 1961. Williams voted present on the Civil Rights Act of 1957.
He died on May 9, 1972, in Cassville, New York; and was buried at the Sauquoit Valley Cemetery in Clayville.
# Xiangjiang Fortune Finance Center

The Xiangjiang Fortune Finance Center (Chinese: 湘江财富金融中心) (also known as the Binjiang IFC) is a mixed-use building complex in Changsha, China. Built between 2015 and 2020, the complex consists of two four towers with the tallest one (Tower 1) standing at 327 m (1,073 ft) tall with 65 floors. Two of the towers serve the function of office buildings, one shares a hotel and an office building, and one serves as a residential building.

## History
### Architecture

The complex is located in the Yuelu District of Changsha in the proximity of the Xiang River. The Tower 1 landmark which stands at 327 metres tall is the third building by height in the city. Alongside the main tower, is a smaller, but geometrically similar one which stands at 262 metres tall. The retail entry on the west is located at the center of the east–west green belt axis and faces the river, resembling the entrance to a canyon with podium walls carved to mimic erosion by a river or stream.
Among the four main towers, the Xiangjiang Fortune Finance Center also feature a Marketing Display Center. The 2,000 square metre building complements the mixed-use development, occupying a prime location in a landscaped park. The idea for the façade was inspired by the river's flow, featuring surfaces that show the dynamic layering of the structure, along with lighting louvers suggesting motion. The building invites guests and customers to its well-organized areas, show room, workspaces, relaxation areas, exclusive rooms, bar, and outdoor green terrace and gardens. Intended for conservation, the center will eventually transition into a lasting cultural pavilion within the park.

## Buildings

| Name | Height m (ft) | Floors | Function |
| Tower 1 | 327 m (1,073 ft) | 65 | Office |
| Tower 2 | 262 m (860 ft) | 52 | Hotel/Office |
| Tower 3 | 156 m (512 ft) | 38 | Residential |
| Tower 4 | 149 m (489 ft) | 35 | Office |
# Amédée Maingard

Sir Louis Pierre Rene "Amédée" Maingard de la Ville-ès-Offrans, CBE (21 October 1918 - 1981) was born in Mauritius, then a British colony. During the Second World War, he served with distinction with the British clandestine organization, the Special Operations Executive, supporting the French resistance, and was awarded medals by the British and French governments. After the war he returned to Mauritius and became a successful businessman.

## Wartime career

Maingard was studying in London in 1939 at the outbreak of the Second World War and volunteered for the British Army. After an unrewarding period in the infantry, Maingard joined the Special Operations Executive F section in 1942. He was parachuted into occupied France in April 1943 to join the 'Stationer' circuit run by Squadron Leader Maurice Southgate, initially as radio operator but soon was second-in-command in the circuit, arranging the delivery of weapons, supplies and personnel to the maquisards of the French Resistance.
Southgate was arrested by the Gestapo in May 1944 and sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp. Maingard was fortunate not to be arrested with him. Southgate's courier, Pearl Witherington and Maingard were with Southgate the day he was arrested, but Witherington said that Maingard was worn out and that he needed to take the afternoon off. While the two of them were picnicking, Southgate was arrested.
Maingard was promoted to major and he and Witherington split the large Stationer circuit into two smaller circuits. Maingard's circuit was named 'Shipwright.' He expanded its size and scope of operations, operating between Poitiers and Montluçon. The official historian of the SOE, M.R.D. Foot, usually sparing in praise, characterized Shipwright as "highly successful." The circuit was especially active in the sabotage that took place on and after D-Day (6 June 1944), supporting the Forces Françaises de l'Intérieur and the arrival of fifty-five men of 1st SAS Regiment for the ill-fated Operation Bulbasket shortly after D-Day.
He continued his work until the liberation of central France, managing to keep the peace among the Gaullists, Communists, British and Americans fighting for the French common cause. He earned the Croix de Guerre from the French government in 1944 and the Distinguished Service Order from the British government in June 1945.

## Later career

Maingard returned to Mauritius and helped develop the island's tourism industry, founding Air Mauritius in 1967. He became one of his country's most successful post-war businessmen.
Maingard was knighted on 31 December 1981 in the 1982 New Years Honours List.
Maingard died in 1981 at the age of 62, just before a boom in the tourist industry that he had helped establish.
# Politics of Mayotte

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The politics of Mayotte takes place in a framework of a French overseas region and department, until 2011 an overseas collectivity. Local politics takes place in a parliamentary representative democratic setting whereby the President of the General Council is the head of government, of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. The status of Mayotte changed in 2001 towards one very close to the status of the départements of mainland France, with the particular designation of collectivité départementale, although the island is still claimed by the Comoros. This change was approved by 73% in a referendum on Mayotte. After the constitutional reform of 2003 it became a collectivité d'outre-mer while keeping the title collectivité départementale de Mayotte. Mayotte became an overseas department of France (département d'outre-mer, DOM) on 31 March 2011 following the result of the March 2009 Mahoran status referendum, which was overwhelmingly approved by around 95% of voters.

## Executive branch

The head of state is the President of France as represented by prefect Thierry Suquet. The head of government is President of the General Council Soibahadine Ibrahim Ramadani.

## Legislative branch

The General Council (Conseil Général) has 19 members, elected for a three-year term in single seat constituencies. The island is represented by one deputy in the National Assembly of France.
# Leonardo Royal Hotel Frankfurt

The Leonardo Royal Hotel Frankfurt also known as the Holiday Inn Frankfurt is a high-rise hotel in the Sachsenhausen district of Frankfurt, Germany. Built between 1970 and 1972, the building stands at 100 m (330 ft) with 28 floors and is the current 42nd tallest building in Frankfurt.

## History

The hotel is located in the Sachsenhausen district and is currently operated by the German company Sunflower Management GmbH & Co. KG, which is a subsidiary of the Fattal Hotel Group and owns the German trademark word of "Leonardo". With a height of 100 metres, the building, which opened in 1972, is the second tallest structure in Sachsenhausen after the Henninger Tower, which was newly built in 2014. The former "Holiday Inn Frankfurt City-South Conference Centre" was sold to Leonardo Hotels in 2014 and renamed Leonardo Royal Hotel Frankfurt. The building houses a total of 449 rentable rooms, 20 meeting rooms, a fitness center and a pool.
# James E. Newell

James E. Newell was an American politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Biography

Newell was born on March 6, 1808, in Richland Township, Belmont County, Ohio. He moved to Viroqua (town), Wisconsin, in 1854. During the American Civil War, Newell was a member of the 50th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army. He was a first lieutenant.

## Political career

Newell was a member of the Assembly during the 1875 session. Other positions he held include District Attorney and County Judge of Vernon County, Wisconsin. He was a Republican.
# Sugiez railway station

Sugiez railway station (German: Bahnhof Sugiez, French: Gare de Sugiez) is a railway station in the municipality of Mont-Vully, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Fribourg–Ins line of Transports publics Fribourgeois.

## Services

As of the December 2024 timetable change, the following services stop at Sugiez:
* RER Fribourg S20 / S21: half-hourly service between Neuchâtel and Fribourg/Freiburg.
# Kusanagi Station (Shizuoka Railway)

Kusanagi Station (草薙駅, Kusanagi-eki) is a railway station in Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company, Shizuoka Railway (Shizutetsu).

## Lines

Kusanagi Station is a station on the Shizuoka–Shimizu Line and is 6.4 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Shin-Shizuoka Station.
Connection to Kusanagi Station on the Tōkaidō Main Line is possible, with the two stations situated just 150m apart.

## Station layout

The station has two side platforms. The station building is located on the north side of the Shin-Shimizu direction platform, and it had automated ticket machines, and automated turnstiles, which accept the LuLuCa smart card ticketing system as well as the PiTaPa, TOICA, and ICOCA IC cards. The station is wheelchair accessible.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Shizuoka-Shimizu Line | for Shin-Shimizu |
| 2 | ■ Shizuoka–Shimizu Line | for Shin-Shizuoka |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Shizuoka–Shimizu Line |||||
| Furushō | Commuter Express | Mikadodai |
| Ken-Sōgō Undōjō | Express | Mikadodai |
| Pref. Art Museum | Local | Mikadodai |

## Station history

Kusanagi Station was established on December 9, 1908.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 3797 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Shizuoka Bank head office
* Kusanagi Station
* University of Shizuoka
# JJC8-091

JJC8-091 is an atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) that was derived from modafinil. It is a lead compound for potential treatment of psychostimulant use disorder (PSUD) and is under development by Encepheal Therapeutics for use as a pharmaceutical drug.
The affinity (K$_i$) of JJC8-091 for the dopamine transporter (DAT) is 230 to 289 nM. In another study however, its affinities for the monoamine transporters were 16.7 nM for the DAT, 17,800 nM for the norepinephrine transporter (NET) (1,066-fold lower than for the DAT), and 1,770 nM for the serotonin transporter (SERT) (106-fold lower than for the DAT). It has substantially higher affinity for the DAT than modafinil (K$_i$ = 2,600–8,160 nM). Besides the DAT, JJC8-091 is a sigma σ$_1$ receptor ligand (K$_i$ = 454–1,010 nM; 2.0–3.5-fold lower than for the DAT). It also has high affinity for the dopamine D$_2$ and D$_3$ receptors and lower affinity for the dopamine D$_4$ receptor (K$_i$ = 298 nM, 480 nM, and 3,820 nM, respectively).
JJC8-091 results in a mild, slow-onset, long-duration increase in dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens in animals. The increases in nucleus accumbens dopamine levels with JJC8-091 are blunted relative to those with cocaine and JJC8-088 (a cocaine-like DRI) but are greater than those of JJC8-016 (an atypical DRI). JJC8-091 does not increase locomotor activity in animals, is not self-administered, and does not substitute for cocaine, suggesting very low addictive potential. Additionally, it reduces cocaine and methamphetamine self-administration, decreases escalation of methamphetamine intake, and blocks cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behaviors. Unlike analogues including JJC8-088, JJC8-089, and RDS03-94, JJC8-091 did not show pro-motivational effects in animals.
JJC8-091 was first described in the scientific literature by 2016. It shows a favorable predicted drug-like profile in terms of metabolism and pharmacokinetics. However, JJC8-091, similarly to analogues like JJC8-016, has been found to exert hERG inhibition. In any case, modafinil and novel analogues like JJC8-091 are of interest in the potential treatment of PSUD.
# Kōyashita Station

Kōyashita Station (高野下駅, Kōyashita-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of Kudoyama, Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Nankai Electric Railway.

## Lines

Kōyashita Station is served by the Nankai Kōya Line, and is located 54.2 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Shiomibashi Station and 53.5 kilometers from Namba Station.

## Station layout

The station consists of two opposed side platforms connected to the station building by a level crossing. third side platform, formerly used for freight operations, remains in situ but is no longer in use. The station is unattended.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Nankai Kōya Line | for Kōyasan |
| 2 | ■ Nankai Kōya Line | for Hashimoto and Nanba |

## Adjacent stations

| « | Service | » |
| Nankai Electric Railway Koya Line |||||
| Limited Express "Koya": Does not stop at this station |||||
| Sightseeing train "Tenkū": Does not stop at this station |||||
| Kudoyama | Rapid Express | Shimo-Kosawa |
| Kudoyama | Express | Shimo-Kosawa |
| Kudoyama | Local | Shimo-Kosawa |

## History

Kōyashita Station opened on July 30, 1925 as Kōyasan Station (高野山駅). It was renamed to its present name on September 11 of the same year. The Nankai Railway was merged into the Kintetsu group in 1944 by orders of the Japanese government, and reemerged as the Nankai Railway Company in 1947.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 86 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Japan National Route 370
* Shiidegenshima Shrine
# Furukuchi Station

Furukuchi Station (古口駅, Furukuchi-eki) is a railway station in the town of Tozawa, Yamagata, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Furukuchi Station is served by the Rikuu West Line between Shinjō and Amarume, and is located 17.0 km from the starting point of the line at Shinjō.

## Station layout

Furukuchi Station has one island platform, connected to the station building by a level crossing. The station is staffed.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ Rikuu West Line | for Amarume and Sakata |
| 2 | ■ Rikuu West Line | for Shinjō for Amarume and Sakata |

## History

Furukuchi Station opened on 7 December 1913.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2018, the station was used by an average of 30 passengers daily (boarding passengers only). The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
| Fiscal year | Daily average |
| 2000 | 107 |
| 2005 | 75 |
| 2010 | 42 |
| 2015 | 32 |

## Surrounding area

* Mogami River
* Furukuchi Post Office
* Imagami Onsen
# Shiomachi Station

Shiomachi Station (塩町駅, Shiomachi-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Miyoshi, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). This station should not be confused with other stations of similar-sounding name on the Geibi Line: Shimowachi, Shiwachi, and Shiwaguchi.

## Lines

Shiomachi Station is served by the JR West Geibi Line, and is located 83.2 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Bitchū-Kōjiro and 89.6 kilometers from Niimi. It is also the nominal terminal of the 78.0 kilometer Fukuen Line from Fukuyama, although most trains continue past Shiomachi using the Geibi Line tracks to terminate at Miyoshi.

### Platforms

| 1 | ■ P Geibi Line | for Bingo-Shōbara and Bingo-Ochiai |
| 1 | ■ Z Fukuen Line | for Jōge and Fuchū |
| 2 | ■ P Geibi Line | for Miyoshi |
| 2 | ■ Z Fukuen Line | for Miyoshi |

## Station layout

The station consists of one island platform connected to a wooden station building by an underground passage. The station building is used as the office of a local taxi company, but the railway portion of the building is unattended.

## History

Shiomachi Station was opened on 22 April 1930 as Takō Station (田幸) on the Geibi Railway. The Geibi Railway was nationalized and becomes part of the Shōbara Line on 1 June 1933. The station was renamed on 1 January 1934. Until this time, the present Kamisugi Station had been known as Shiomachi Station. With the privatization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR West.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 137 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Miyoshi Factory (manufacturing automobile parts)
* Miyoshi Municipal Shiomachi Junior High School
* Hiroshima Prefectural Miyoshi Seiryo High School
* Japan National Route 184