# Hitahikosan Line

The Hitahikosan Line (日田彦山線, Hitahikosan-sen) is a railway line in Japan, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). It connects Jōno Station in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture with Yoake Station in Hita, Ōita Prefecture and features the 4380 m Shakadake Tunnel between Chikuzen Iwaya and Hikosan station, where a fatal tunnel collapse occurred during construction in 1953, killing 21 construction workers. The line is named after Hita and Mount Hiko.
The bus rapid transit portion of the line is referred to as the BRT Hikoboshi Line (ＢＲＴひこぼしライン, BRT Hikoboshi Rain).

## Stations

    ●: Stops, ｜: non-stop
| No. | Station | Station | Distance (km) | Rapid | Transfers | Location | Location |
| JF Nippō Main Line ||||||||
| JI 01 | Kokura | 小倉 | | | | Kokurakita-Ward, Kitakyūshū |
| JI 02 | Nishi-Kokura | 西小倉 | | | | Kokurakita-Ward, Kitakyūshū |
| JI 03 | Minami-Kokura | 南小倉 | | | | Kokurakita-Ward, Kitakyūshū |
| JI Hitahikosan Line ||||||||
| JI 04 | Jōno | 城野 | 0.0 | ● | Nippō Main Line | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 05 | Ishida | 石田 | 3.3 | ｜ | | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 06 | Shii-Kōen | 志井公園 | 5.1 | ｜ | Kitakyushu Monorail (Kikugaoka Station) - 400 m away | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 07 | Shii | 志井 | 6.8 | ｜ | | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 08 | Ishiharamachi | 石原町 | 9.0 | ● | | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 09 | Yobuno | 呼野 | 12.3 | ｜ | | Kokuraminami-Ward, Kitakyūshū | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 10 | Saidōsho | 採銅所 | 18.1 | ｜ | | Kawara | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 11 | Kawara | 香春 | 23.4 | ● | | Kawara | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 12 | Ipponmatsu | 一本松 | 25.0 | ｜ | | Kawara | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 13 | Tagawa-Ita | 田川伊田 | 27.4 | ● | Heisei Chikuhō Railway Ita Line, Tagawa Line | Tagawa | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| JI 14 | Tagawa-Gotōji | 田川後藤寺 | 30.0 | ● | Gotōji Line Heisei Chikuhō Railway Itoda Line | Tagawa | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Ikejiri | 池尻 | 32.2 | ｜ | | Kawasaki | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Buzen-Kawasaki | 豊前川崎 | 34.7 | ● | | Kawasaki | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Nishi-Soeda | 西添田 | 38.3 | ｜ | | Soeda | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Soeda | 添田 | 39.5 | ● | | Soeda | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Kanyūsha-Hikosan | 歓遊舎ひこさん | 41.6 | | | Soeda | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Buzen-Masuda | 豊前桝田 | 43.2 | | | Soeda | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Hikosan | 彦山 | 47.2 | | | Soeda | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Chikuzen-Iwaya | 筑前岩屋 | 55.1 | | | Tōhō | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Daigyōji | 大行司 | 59.3 | | | Tōhō | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Hōshuyama | 宝珠山 | 61.3 | | | Tōhō | Fukuoka Prefecture |
| | Ōtsuru | 大鶴 | 62.9 | | | Hita | Ōita Prefecture |
| | Imayama | 今山 | 65.4 | | | Hita | Ōita Prefecture |
| | Yoake | 夜明 | 68.7 | | Kyūdai Main Line | Hita | Ōita Prefecture |

## History

On 1 April 1960, the Hitahikosan Line was formed by a merger of the following lines:
* Main line
** Jōno – Kawara and Soeda – Yoake sections of the Hita Line (the remaining Kawara – Soeda section became the Soeda Line)
** Kawara – Ita branch of the Hita Line
** Ita – Soeda section of the Tagawa Line (the Yukuhashi – Kawara section remained as the Tagawa Line)
* Branches
** Ishida – Higashi-Kokura freight branch of the Hita Line
** Buszen-Kawasaki – Daiichi-Ōtō freight branch of the Tagawa Line
** Buszen-Kawasaki – Daini-Ōtō freight branch of the Tagawa Line
All the branches were abolished in 1962, 1974 and 1970 respectively. In 1987, the Japanese National Railways was privatized and the line was succeeded by JR Kyushu.

### Construction

The Hōshū Railway opened the Tagawa-Ita - Buzen Kawasaki section as part of the Tagawa Line in 1899. That company merged with the Kyushu Railway Company in 1901, which extended the line to Soeda in 1903. The company was nationalised in 1907.
The Jono - Tagawa-Ita section was opened in 1915 by the Kokura Railway Co., that company being nationalised in 1943. The Soeda - Daigyoji section opened between 1937 and 1946, and the Daigyoji - Yoake section opened in 1956.
CTC signalling was introduced on the entire line in 1984. Freight service ceased beyond Tagawa-Gotōji in 1986, and totally in 1999.

### Typhoon damage

On 5 July 2017, torrential rainfall resulted in the closure of the section of the line between Soeda and Yoake. The damage was severe and included the destruction of several bridges and parts of the track being washed away. The line remained disconnected as of the start of 2020. On 12 February 2020, it was proposed by JR Kyushu to not restore the rail service, due to low passenger use and high maintenance costs, and permanently replace it with bus rapid transit (BRT). On 16 July, JR Kyushu formally announced plans to convert this section of the line to a BRT service.
The BRT route opened on 28 August 2020 under the name Hikoboshi Line. With the opening of the line, the number of stations along the route increased from 12 to 36, although travel times roughly doubled. Following the partial conversion of JR East's Ōfunato Line and Kesennuma Line in the Tōhoku region, the line is Japan's third rail service to be converted to BRT.

### Former connecting lines

Buzen Kawasaki Station: The 26 km Kamiyamada Line opened from Iizuka (on the Chikuho Main Line) to Shimoyamada in 1898, extended to Kamiyamada in 1929 and to Buzen Kawasaki (as a passenger-only section) in 1966. Freight services ceased in 1980, and the line closed in 1988. This line had two connections:
* A 2 km 3 ft (914 mm) gauge line from Okuma (16 km from Buzen Kawasaki) - Okumamachi operated between 1924 and 1933.
* The 8 km Urushio line from Shimokamoo (14 km from Buzen Kawasaki) - Shimayamada (connecting to the Gotoji Line) opened in 1943, and closed in 1986.
Soeda station - The Kokura Railway Co. opened a line to Ipponmatsu in 1915. The line was nationalised in 1943 and closed in 1985.