# South Peninsula (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)

South Peninsula was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1958. As the name implies, it covered roughly the southern half of the Cape Peninsula, and initially also much of the Cape Flats. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

## Franchise notes

When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, the electoral qualifications in use in each pre-existing colony were kept in place. The Cape Colony had implemented a “colour-blind” franchise known as the Cape Qualified Franchise, which included all adult literate men owning more than £75 worth of property (controversially raised from £25 in 1892), and this initially remained in effect after the colony became the Cape Province. As of 1908, 22,784 out of 152,221 electors in the Cape Colony were “Native or Coloured”. Eligibility to serve in Parliament and the Provincial Council, however, was restricted to whites from 1910 onward.
The first challenge to the Cape Qualified Franchise came with the Women's Enfranchisement Act, 1930 and the Franchise Laws Amendment Act, 1931, which extended the vote to women and removed property qualifications for the white population only – non-white voters remained subject to the earlier restrictions. In 1936, the Representation of Natives Act removed all black voters from the common electoral roll and introduced three “Native Representative Members”, white MPs elected by the black voters of the province and meant to represent their interests in particular. A similar provision was made for Coloured voters with the Separate Representation of Voters Act, 1951, and although this law was challenged by the courts, it went into effect in time for the 1958 general election, which was thus held with all-white voter rolls for the first time in South African history. The all-white franchise would continue until the end of apartheid and the introduction of universal suffrage in 1994.

## History

When South Peninsula was first created, it almost completely surrounded Cape Town, stretching from Camps Bay in the west to Athlone in the north and the Eerste River in the east. Suburban growth gradually cut the seat down in size, however, and after the creation of Cape Flats in 1929, it was more or less contained to the South Peninsula itself. Hout Bay was moved out of the seat in 1953, and in the following election, it was renamed Simonstown to reflect its more compact geography.
Like the rest of the Cape Town area, South Peninsula was a stronghold for the liberal, pro-British side of South African politics. Nevertheless, its politics were highly pluralistic – in 1915, it was the only constituency in South Africa with candidates from all four major political parties of the time (the Unionists, the SAP, the Nationals and Labour). The Unionist candidate, Murray Bisset, won by a wide margin, and would continue to represent the seat until 1924. In 1929, future cabinet minister Sidney Frank Waterson won his first election to the House of Assembly from the seat, and represented it until he moved to Claremont in 1943. By this point, South Peninsula was a safe seat for the United Party, whose candidates would win it in every election until its disappearance in 1958. Its last MP, Lewis Charles Gay, stood for and was elected unopposed in the new seat of Simonstown.

## Members

| Election | Member | Party |
| 1910 | William Runciman | Unionist |
| 1915 | Murray Bisset | Unionist |
| 1920 | Murray Bisset | Unionist |
| 1921 | Murray Bisset | South African |
| 1924 | Drummond Chaplin | South African |
| 1929 | Sidney Frank Waterson | South African |
| 1933 | Sidney Frank Waterson | South African |
| 1934 | Sidney Frank Waterson | United |
| 1938 | Sidney Frank Waterson | United |
| 1938 by | Max Sonnenberg | United |
| 1943 | Max Sonnenberg | United |
| 1948 | Max Sonnenberg | United |
| 1949 by | L. C. Gay | United |
| 1953 | L. C. Gay | United |
| 1958 | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished |

## Detailed results
### Elections in the 1910s

General election 1910: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Unionist | William Runciman | 1,153 | 58.4 | New |
| | Independent | H. Cloete | 754 | 38.2 | New |
| | South African | C. W. B. Molteno | 68 | 3.4 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 399 | 20.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,975 | | N/A |
| | Unionist win (new seat) | Unionist win (new seat) | Unionist win (new seat) | Unionist win (new seat) | Unionist win (new seat) |
General election 1915: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Unionist | Murray Bisset | 1,440 | 55.4 | −3.0 |
| | South African | A. J. Chiappini | 734 | 28.3 | +23.9 |
| | National | R. Cloete | 280 | 10.8 | New |
| | Labour | C. Hughes | 144 | 5.5 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 706 | 27.1 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,598 | 70.4 | N/A |
| | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |

### Elections in the 1920s

General election 1920: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Unionist | Murray Bisset | 1,203 | 65.2 | +9.8 |
| | Labour | C. H. Haggar | 385 | 20.9 | +15.4 |
| | Independent | W. H. Lategan | 257 | 13.9 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 818 | 44.3 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,845 | 45.9 | −24.5 |
| | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |
General election 1921: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | South African | Murray Bisset | 1,469 | 77.8 | +9.8 |
| | Independent | W. H. Lategan | 419 | 22.2 | +8.3 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,050 | 55.6 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,888 | 46.7 | +0.8 |
| | South African hold | South African hold | Swing | N/A | |
General election 1924: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | South African | Drummond Chaplin | 1,690 | 61.6 | −16.2 |
| | National | W. H. Lategan | 1,053 | 38.4 | +16.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 637 | 23.2 | −32.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,743 | 63.9 | +16.2 |
| | South African hold | South African hold | Swing | -16.2 | |
General election 1929: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | South African | Sidney Frank Waterson | 2,073 | 71.7 | +10.1 |
| | National | W. H. Lategan | 820 | 28.3 | −10.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,253 | 43.4 | +20.2 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,893 | 73.6 | +9.7 |
| | South African hold | South African hold | Swing | +10.1 | |

## Elections in the 1930s

General election 1933: South Peninsula :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | South African | Sidney Frank Waterson | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | South African hold | South African hold | South African hold | South African hold | South African hold |