# Unnan

Unnan (雲南市, Unnan-shi) is a city located in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 35,279 in 13575 households and a population density of 64 persons per km$^2$. The total area of the city is 553.18 square kilometres (213.58 sq mi).

## Geography

Unnan City is located in southeastern Shimane Prefecturem with the southern areas in the Chugoku Mountains. Most of the city is forest.

### Neighboring municipalities

Shimane Prefecture
* Iinan
* Izumo
* Matsue
* Okuizumo
Hiroshima Prefecture
* Shōbara

### Climate

Unnan has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with very warm summers and cool winters. Precipitation is abundant throughout the year. The average annual temperature in Unnan is 13.4 °C (56.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,952.6 mm (76.87 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.3 °C (77.5 °F), and lowest in February, at around 2.4 °C (36.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Unnan was 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) on 6 August 2021; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −9.7 °C (14.5 °F) on 26 February 1981.
Climate data for Kakeya, Unnan (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) | 22.2 (72.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 33.1 (91.6) | 34.9 (94.8) | 37.1 (98.8) | 37.2 (99.0) | 35.6 (96.1) | 31.6 (88.9) | 25.4 (77.7) | 21.3 (70.3) | 37.2 (99.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) | 7.6 (45.7) | 11.9 (53.4) | 18.2 (64.8) | 23.3 (73.9) | 26.2 (79.2) | 29.6 (85.3) | 30.8 (87.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 20.7 (69.3) | 15.2 (59.4) | 9.1 (48.4) | 18.7 (65.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) | 3.0 (37.4) | 6.3 (43.3) | 11.8 (53.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 20.6 (69.1) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.3 (77.5) | 20.8 (69.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 9.7 (49.5) | 4.8 (40.6) | 13.4 (56.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | −1.0 (30.2) | 1.1 (34.0) | 5.5 (41.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 15.7 (60.3) | 20.8 (69.4) | 21.1 (70.0) | 16.6 (61.9) | 10.1 (50.2) | 5.0 (41.0) | 1.1 (34.0) | 8.8 (47.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) | −9.7 (14.5) | −6.4 (20.5) | −3.8 (25.2) | −0.1 (31.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | 8.2 (46.8) | 13.1 (55.6) | 4.0 (39.2) | 0.6 (33.1) | −2.0 (28.4) | −6.5 (20.3) | −9.7 (14.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 167.0 (6.57) | 139.2 (5.48) | 155.6 (6.13) | 123.2 (4.85) | 126.9 (5.00) | 186.5 (7.34) | 236.0 (9.29) | 157.0 (6.18) | 234.8 (9.24) | 131.2 (5.17) | 124.6 (4.91) | 170.8 (6.72) | 1,952.6 (76.87) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 19.2 | 15.9 | 15.1 | 11.4 | 9.9 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 11.2 | 12.0 | 10.5 | 12.6 | 18.5 | 161.1 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 58.0 | 79.5 | 136.8 | 185.0 | 210.6 | 153.1 | 165.9 | 189.9 | 137.5 | 144.7 | 109.0 | 65.9 | 1,635.2 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency ||||||||||||||

### Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Unnan in 2020 is 36,007 people.

## History

The area of Unnan was part of ancient Izumo Province. During the Edo Period, the area was controlled by Matsue Domain. After the Meiji restoration, the area was divided between the Ohara District, Shimane and Iishi District, Shimane, and further divided into villages on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system.
The city of Unnan was established on November 1, 2004, from the merger of the towns of Daitō, Kamo, and Kisuki (all from Ōhara District), the towns of Mitoya and Kakeya, and the village of Yoshida (all from Iishi District).

## Government

Unnan has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 19 members. Unnan contributes nine members to the Shimane Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Shimane 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

## Economy

Unnan is a regional commercial center with a local economy based heavily on agriculture, forestry and light manufacturing.

## Education

Unnan has 15 public elementary school and seven public junior high schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Shimane Prefectural Board of Education.

## Transportation
### Railway

JR West (JR West) - Kisuki Line
* Kamonaka - Hataya - Izumo Daitō - Minami Daitō - Kisuki - Hinobori - Shimokuno

### Highways

* Matsue Expressway
* National Route 54
* National Route 314

## Sister cities

* Richmond, Indiana, United States

## Local attractions

* Akagawahotaru Park,
* Hikawabijin Hot Spring
* Historical Museum of Iron
* Kamoiwakura site, National Historic Site
* Kisuki Health Forest
* Lake Shinji
* Matsue Shinji Furusato Forest Park
* Ohara Dam
* Okuizumotane Natural Museum
* Okuizumoyumura Hot Springs
* Sajiroonsen Choja Hot Spring
* Shimaneken Akashimidorigaoka Park
* Suga Shrine
* Ushio Hot Springs